naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Fort Lafayette ( Pennsylvania ) Fort Lafayette , sometimes called Fort Fayette , ( 1792 – 1814 ) was an American fort in Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania , United States . It was sited near present - day Penn Avenue and Ninth Street in the Cultural District of Downtown Pittsburgh . History . Following the American Revolutionary War , hostilities continued between the Indians and Americans in Western Pennsylvania . In 1784 the new federal government mounted a failed expedition against the Indians . Again in 1790 and 1791 two successive campaigns also failed . This perceived threat prompted the government in 1792 to build Fort Lafayette in Pittsburgh , to replace Fort Pitt , as a supply center for Fort McIntosh , located down stream on the Ohio River . An army led by General Anthony Wayne eventually defeated in 1794 the Ohio Indians near modern Toledo , Ohio at the Battle of Fallen Timbers , thus ending tensions in the region . In 1803 Fort Lafayette was a staging ground for the Lewis and Clark Expedition . The fort later served as Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry ' s supply base during the War of 1812 . The army abandoned the fort in 1814 .
Frederick Stirling Vice Admiral Frederick Henry Stirling ( 1829 – November 1885 ) was a Royal Navy officer who went on to be Commander - in - Chief , Pacific Station . He was a son of Admiral Sir James Stirling , the first Governor of Western Australia and Ellen Mangles . Naval career . Having been born at sea on the barque " Parmelia " , Stirling was appointed a Lieutenant in the Royal Navy in 1848 . He went on to serve in the Black Sea during the Crimean War . Promoted to Captain in 1860 , he was given command of HMS " Warrior " and then HMS " Clio " . He was appointed Commander - in - Chief , Australia Squadron in 1870 and Commander - in - Chief , Pacific Station in 1879 .
General der Nachrichtentruppe General der Nachrichtentruppe ( Literally : General of the Communications Troops ) was a rank of German Army General introduced by the Wehrmacht in 1940 . The rank was equivalent to the long established " General der Kavallerie " , " General der Artillerie " and " General der Infanterie " . The Wehrmacht also introduced " General der Gebirgstruppe " ( mountain troops ) , " General der Pioniere " ( engineers ) , " General der Flieger " ( aviators ) , " General der Fallschirmtruppe " ( parachute troops ) and " General der Panzertruppe " ( armored troops ) . Only two officers held the rank ; Erich Fellgiebel ( 1886 - 1944 ) from 1 August 1940 until his dismissal following the July 20 plot assassination attempt and Albert Praun ( 1894 - 1975 ) who was appointed on 1 October 1944 and served until he was taken into captivity in May 1945 .
John Harvey ( governor ) Lieutenant - General Sir John Harvey , KCB KCH ( 23 April 1778 – 22 March 1852 ) was a British Army officer and a lieutenant governor . He was commissioned into the 80th Foot in 1794 and served in several different locations , including France , Egypt , and India . He came to Canada in 1813 and served as a lieutenant colonel in the War of 1812 , taking part in the British victory at the Battle of Stoney Creek in Ontario . From 1836 to 1837 , he was the Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island . From 1837 to 1841 , he was the Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick . From 1841 to 1846 , he was the Civil Governor of Newfoundland . From 1846 to 1852 , he was the Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia . Harvey , York County , New Brunswick , founded in 1837 when he was Lieutenant - Governor of New Brunswick , is named for him . Harvey Park in Hamilton , Ontario , is named after him . Former Harvey Township ( now amalgamated with Galway - Cavendish and Harvey Township ) , Peterborough County , Ontario , is named after him .
USS Merrimack ( 1855 ) USS " Merrimack " ( often times spelled without the " k " ) was a frigate and is best known as the hull upon which the ironclad warship , CSS " Virginia " was constructed during the American Civil War . The CSS " Virginia " then took part in the Battle of Hampton Roads ( also known as " the Battle of the " Monitor " and the " Merrimack " " ) in the first engagement between ironclad warships . The " Merrimack " was the first of six screw frigates ( frigates with steam power ) begun in 1854 . Like others of her class ( , , , and ) , she was named after the eponymous river . In Massachusetts , the Merrimack River flows through the town of Merrimac , often considered an older spelling which has sometimes caused confusion of the name . History . " Merrimack " was launched by the Boston Navy Yard 15 June 1855 ; sponsored by Miss Mary E . Simmons ; and commissioned 20 February 1856 , Captain Garrett J . Pendergrast in command . She was the second ship of the Navy to be named for the Merrimack River . Shakedown took the new screw frigate to the Caribbean and to Western Europe . " Merrimack " visited Southampton , Brest , Lisbon , and Toulon before returning to Boston and decommissioning 22 April 1857 for repairs . Recommissioning 1 September 1857 , " Merrimack " got underway from Boston Harbor 17 October as flagship for the Pacific Squadron . She rounded Cape Horn and cruised the Pacific coast of South and Central America until heading for home 14 November 1859 . Upon returning to Norfolk , she decommissioned 16 February 1860 . " Merrimack " was still in ordinary during the crisis preceding Lincoln ' s inauguration . Soon after becoming Secretary of the Navy , Gideon Welles took action to prepare the frigate for sea , planning to move her to Philadelphia . The day before the firing on Fort Sumter , Welles directed that " great vigilance be exercised in guarding and protecting " Norfolk Navy Yard and her ships . On the afternoon of 17 April , the day Virginia seceded , who also Engineer in Chief B . F . Isherwood managed to get the frigate ' s engines lit off ; but the previous night secessionists had sunk lightboats in the channel between Craney Island and Sewell ' s Point , blocking " Merrimack " . On the 20 April , before evacuating the Navy Yard , the U . S . Navy burned " Merrimack " to the waterline and sank her to preclude capture . The Confederacy , in desperate need of ships , raised " Merrimack " and rebuilt her as an ironclad ram , according to a design prepared by Lt . John Mercer Brooke , CSN . Commissioned as CSS " Virginia " 17 February 1862 , the ironclad was the hope of the Confederacy to destroy the wooden ships in Hampton Roads , and to end the Union blockade which had already seriously impeded the Confederate war effort .
Janet Pilgrim ( British Army officer ) Lieutenant Colonel Janet Pilgrim RRC is a British Army nurse who was awarded the Royal Red Cross in 2008 for her services in Iraq ( when a Major ) . As commander of the Basra air base ' s field hospital during the battle with the Mehdi Army , she led the busiest British field hospital since the Falklands War . The hospital itself came under heavy fire on many occasions . Pilgrim was educated at King ' s College London and is a member of the Queen Alexandra ' s Royal Army Nursing Corps . She also served in Bosnia and Kosovo , prior to her deployment to Basra , and subsequently commanded the base hospital at Camp Bastion , Afghanistan . She was nominated by " Cosmopolitan Magazine " for their " Ultimate Woman of the Year " 2008 award .
Roy Bucher General Sir ( Francis Robert ) Roy Bucher KBE CB MC ( 1895 – 1980 ) was Commander - in - Chief of the Indian Army . Military career . Educated at the Edinburgh Academy , Bucher served in World War I with 1st Bn Cameronians in France from 1914 to 1915 when he joined the 55th Cokes Rifles in India . Confirmed as a second lieutenant in the Indian Army on 5 September 1915 , he was promoted to lieutenant on 15 November 1916 ( back - dated to 1 September 1915 on 17 August 1917 ) He transferred to the 31st Duke of Connaught ' s Own Lancers in 1916 , and was promoted to acting captain on 23 May 1917 , again receiving the rank from 16 October 1917 . After the War he served in Afghanistan and Waziristan , for which he was awarded a Military Cross ( MC ) on 1 January 1920 . and then went to the Staff College , Camberley in 1926 . He was made Deputy Assistant Adjutant General for the Deccan District in India in 1930 . He was promoted to major on 15 August 1932 , and brevetted lieutenant - colonel on 1 July 1937 . Promoted to lieutenant - colonel on 1 November 1939 , Bucher served in World War II , initially as Commandant of Sam Browne ' s Cavalry and then as Assistant Adjutant General at GHQ India from 1941 . He was made Assistant Quartermaster General in Iraq later that year and was put in charge of Administration at Southern Command in India on 21 March 1942 , with the acting rank of major - general . He was promoted to colonel on 1 August ( with seniority from 1 July 1940 ) , and advanced to temporary major - general on 21 March 1943 . Appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath ( CB ) in the 1945 New Year Honours , Bucher was promoted to major - general on 6 April 1945 ( with seniority from 5 June 1944 ) . After the War he was appointed General Officer Commanding Bengal and Assam Area in India . Promoted to acting lieutenant - general on 4 August 1946 , he became General Officer Commanding - in - Chief of Eastern Command in India and in 1948 he was made Commander - in - Chief , India . Appointed a Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire , Military Division ( KBE ) in the 1948 King ' s Birthday Honours , he retired on 9 October 1949 with the honorary rank of general and was promoted to major - general on the reserve list on 26 September 1950 , retaining the honorary rank of general .
Morosi ' s Mountain Moorosi ' s Mountain ( also known historically as Morosi ' s Mountain ) is situated on the banks of the Senqu or Orange River in Lesotho . Impregnable on three sides and accessible only on the fourth , the 1 , 500 - foot - high mountain was the site of a war in southern Basutoland ( modern Lesotho ) in1879 that preceded the Gun War , also known as the Basuto War . The mountain was named after Moorosi , the king of the Baphuthi , who fortified the accessible side with stone walls and established a village on the flat mountain top , from where he defended his people against a series of attacks by the Cape Colony , which sought to take control of the land and its people . The dramatic full story of the war and the events that led up to it are told in the book : Moorosi : A South African king ' s battle for survival by Graham Fysh . For actions during the siege three Victoria Cross es were awarded to colonial troops : Peter Brown , Edmund Hartley and Robert Scott .
23rd / 21st Battalion ( Australia ) The 23rd / 21st Battalion was an infantry battalion of the Australian Army . Part of the Citizen Military Force , it was formed in 1929 by the amalgamation of the 23rd and 21st Battalions due to lack of numbers in these two units . Upon formation they adopted the territorial title of the 23rd / 21st Battalion ( The City of Geelong Regiment / The Victoria Rangers ) . The end of the compulsory training scheme , which had been abolished by the newly elected Scullin Labor government , combined with the economic privations of the Great Depression had drastically reduced the number of recruits available . As a result the decision was made to amalgamate a number of units . During World War II , the unit carried out defensive duties in Victoria before being deployed to the Northern Territory in 1942 , where it was assigned to the 19th Brigade , 6th Division . Due to manpower shortages in the Australian economy , it was disbanded on 28 August 1943 without having been deployed overseas .
Battle of Helsingborg ( 1362 ) The Battle of Helsingborg was fought in 1362 between Danish and Hanseatic fleets . The fleets met on Øresund near Helsingborg , where the sound is most narrow . The Danish were led by Valdemar IV of Denmark . The Danish were victorious . The Hanseatic Cities lost twelve cogs since their admiral Johann Wittenborg had made the mistake , that he let too many men go to fight the Danes ashore and therefore there were too few left to defend his fleet on the sound . Wittenborg was tried and decapitated on his return to Lübeck because of his poor performance in this war . This war was brought to an end with a peace treaty agreed on 22 November 1365 in Vordingborg .
Reserve Forces Act 1996 The Reserve Forces Act 1996 is British legislation that provides for the maintenance and composition of the British military ' s Reserve Forces . Provisions of the Act . " " An Act to make provision with respect to the reserve forces of the Crown and persons liable to be recalled for permanent service ; to amend the provisions of the Reserve Forces Act 1980 relating to the lieutenancies ; to amend the law relating to the postponement of the discharge of transfer of the reserve of regular servicemen ; and for connected purposes . " " The Act was signed into law on 22 May 1996 . Composition of the Reserve . The Reserve Forces comprise : The Royal Fleet Reserve , the Army Reserve , and the Air Force Reserve are the " Regular Reserve Forces " , comprising men and women who previously served in the regular forces and are liable for recall to active duty as reservists . In addition the act allows for the use of Sponsored Reserves whose employer enters into a contract with the MoD to provide personnel to carry out specialist tasks as part of the armed forces . Examples are the Mobile Met Unit , some of the staff on RAF transport aircraft ( non flight crew ) and some fleet container transport ships . The Royal Naval Reserve , the Territorial Army , and the Royal Auxiliary Air Force are the " Volunteer Reserve Forces " , comprising men and women who are members of the volunteer forces and liable to be called for active duty .
Tactical Atomic Demolition Munition The Mk 30 Mod 1 Tactical Atomic Demolitions Munition ( TADM ) was a portable atomic bomb , consisting of a Mk 30 warhead installed in a X - 113 case . The X - 113 was 26 inches ( 66 cm ) in diameter and 70 inches ( 178 cm ) long , and looked like corrugated culvert pipe . The whole system weighed 840 pounds ( 381 kg ) . Production of the TADM started in 1961 and all were removed from stockpile by 1966 . A weapons effect test of the TADM was made in the Johnny Boy shot of the Dominic II series . The yield of Johnny Boy was . 5 kt .
Fort Reno ( Wyoming ) Fort Reno ( also known as Fort Connor or Old Fort Reno ) was a wooden fort constructed in 1865 by the United States Army on the Great Plains frontier in the Dakota Territory in present - day Johnson County , Wyoming . It served to protect travellers on the Bozeman Trail from warring Native American tribes . Reinforcement and abandonment . During Red Cloud ' s War the following summer , Col . Henry B . Carrington of the 18th U . S . Infantry led a force of 700 men into the Powder River country to begin construction of two other new posts farther to the north . They reached Fort Reno on June 28 , 1866 , relieving Companies C and D of the 5th U . S . Volunteer Infantry , which had finished construction of the post and wintered there . 104 of the original 137 - man garrison remained , the rest having died of scurvy . When Carrington resumed march on July 9 , two companies remained to replace the 5th U . S . V . I . troops , who returned to Fort Kearney to muster out of the service on October 11 " without a single regret . " The newly arrived Regular Army soldiers constructed a log stockade around the unprotected garrison buildings , complete with log bastions on the northwest and southeast corners . They also built a sturdy adobe commander ' s quarters . In 1867 , the post was renovated and expanded . The garrison ( whose number ranged from 125 to a high of 300 soldiers ) endured the routines of camp life and the harsh winters and hot summers , occasionally skirmishing with hostile Indians and keeping the southern end of the Bozeman Trail open and passable . The 1868 Treaty of Fort Laramie ended Red Cloud ' s War and essentially ceded much of their old hunting grounds to the Lakota . Along with Forts C . F . Smith and Phil Kearny , Fort Reno was abandoned as a condition of the agreement . Shortly after the military left , the entire post was destroyed by fire , possibly ignited by Cheyenne warriors . Gen . George Crook ' s troops briefly visited Fort Reno in March 1876 , but found that all that was left were some adobe walls and building debris . Nevertheless , he used the site as a supply base . Bodies left in the post cemetery were later reinterred and placed at the Custer Battlefield National Cemetery during the 1880s . The grounds that comprised the fort site have generally returned to a natural prairie sod cover . The site , approximately northeast of Sussex , Wyoming , was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 28 , 1970 . There is a large stone monument and several interpretive signs marking the site Two other army posts were also named Fort Reno — one Fort Reno Park in the defenses of Washington D . C . during the Civil War , and another frontier outpost Fort Reno ( Oklahoma ) built in 1874 in what is now Oklahoma .
Mario Terán Mario Terán is the Bolivian Army sergeant who was chosen to carry out the execution of Marxist revolutionary Che Guevara as a young man on October 9 , 1967 . Personal life . Mario Terán is married with five children , and covertly lives in Paraguay under the alias of " Pedro Salazar " . Some speculate that he has an agreement with the U . S . CIA , who is said to be protecting him , while others theorize that he is afraid of a Cuban unit seeking revenge . 2006 Operation . In 2006 , Terán was treated for free under a false name for cataract s by Cuban physicians in the Cuba - Venezuela Operación Milagro ( Operation Miracle ) program , which restored his sight . This was first revealed when Terán ' s son wrote a letter to the Santa Cruz de la Sierra newspaper " El Deber " thanking the Cuban doctors . In 2007 " Granma " opined on the treatment , stating :
Federico Martinengo Rear Admiral Federico Carlo Martinengo was a World War I flying ace credited with five aerial victories . Early life and service . Federico Carlo Martinengo was born in Rome on 18 July 1897 . He was the son of a naval officer . He studied the classics in school before moving on to the " Regia Accademia Navale " in Leghorn in September 1911 . He was serving on the Italian battleship RN " Dante Alighieri " when Italy entered the war in 1915 . World War I . Martinengo volunteered for aviation soon after the war began . He trained at Taranto , then reported to the main Italian naval base at Venice , in September 1916 . On 10 October 1916 , he was flying as an observer with Pietro Valdimiro when they clashed with an Austro - Hungarian seaplane . From a position below and ahead of the seaplane , Martinengo managed to knock out its engine with gunfire . This first victory was soon followed by a second on the 23rd . Then , on 11 November , Martinengo was transferred to Grado . His friendly good cheer was to be put to the test in the command of " 1a Squadriglia " ( soon to be re - dubbed " 253a Squadriglia " ) . Summer 1917 was spent by Martinengo familiarizing himself with a new plane , the Macchi M . 5 seaplane . When enough of the new planes accumulated , they were formed into the new " 260a Squadriglia " with Martinengo included . The new squadron was thrown immediately into battle covering the retreat from the Battle of Caporetto . On 5 November 1917 , they were disgraced during an escort mission , when the Austro - Hungarian aces Godwin Brumowski , Frank Linke - Crawford , and Rudolf Szepessy - Sokoll shot down the Macchi L . 3 being escorted . In December , Martinengo was promoted to command of the squadron . About February 1918 , he was promoted to Tenente di Vascello . On 4 May 1918 , he led an interception off Trieste of four Austro - Hungarian seaplanes led by Gottfried Freiherr von Banfield . Three of the Austro - Hungarian planes fell before the guns of Martinengo , Calvello , Pierozzi and their squadronmates . Banfield also went down , but escaped by gliding to friendly waters , where he was rescued . In June , Martinengo was transferred off combat duty after 172 sorties ; he moved to Bolsena Flying School . There he taught American as well as Italian naval aviators . In September , he was posted to Otranto . The war ended during this assignment . Post World War I . Martinengo remained in the surface navy after the war . In 1931 - 1933 , he commanded the Italian naval detachment at Tianjin , China . At the start of World War II , on 9 July 1940 , he commanded the light cruiser Muzio Attendolo at the Battle of Calabria . On 9 September 1943 , after the Italians had switched sides in the war , Martinengo was killed in action at the helm of his ship , " VAS 234 " , fighting German ships in an action near Gorgona . He was awarded a posthumous Gold award of the Medal for Military Valor ; he had previously won two Silver awards and the " Croce di Guerra " .
Capture of Wakefield The capture of Wakefield occurred on 21 March 1642 when a Parliamentary force under the command of Sir Thomas Fairfax surprised the Royalist garrison and successfully stormed the town . Prelude . While acting as the rearguard to the army under the command of his father , Ferdinando , Lord Fairfax , Fairfax had been defeated by George , Lord Goring at the battle of Seacroft Moor on 30 March 1643 . Battle . On the 21 March 1642 Fairfax ' s force of about 1 , 500 men stormed Wakefield which was garrisoned by about 3 , 000 Royalists . The parliamentarians overwhelmed the defences and captured the town taking about 1 , 400 prisoners , including Lord Goring , and 28 Royalist colours . Aftermath . This parliamentary victory temporally changed the balance of power in Yorkshire . However the effect of this engagement was negated when Parliamentary defeat on Aldwalton Moor on 30 June 1643 which gave the Royalists control of much of Yorkshire .
Charles Penrose ( Royal Navy officer ) Vice - Admiral Sir Charles Vinicombe Penrose KCB KCMG ( 20 June 1759 – 1 January 1830 ) was a Royal Navy officer who went on to be Commander - in - Chief , Mediterranean Fleet . Naval career . Penrose joined the Royal Navy in 1775 . He took part in the Battle of Dogger Bank in 1781 and the capture of Martinique in 1793 . In 1794 he became Commander in HMS " Lynx " . He later commanded HMS " Cleopatra " , HMS " Resolution " , HMS " Sans Pareil " and HMS " Carnatic " . During 1813 he commanded a small squadron operating off northern Spain and south - western France with his flag in HMS " Porcupine " . He coordinated naval support for the crossing of the Adour River in early 1814 that allowed the Anglo - Portuguese Army to isolate and invest Bayonne . He went on to be become Commander - in - Chief , Mediterranean Fleet in Autumn 1814 . He remained in this role until May 1815 when Viscount Exmouth reclaimed his former position again . Penrose then accepted the position of Second - in - Command under Exmouth but was appointed overall Commander - in - Chief , Mediterranean Fleet again in May 1816 . He retired in 1819 . Family . In 1787 he married Elizabeth Trevenen ; they had three daughters .