naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
BL 6 - inch 26 cwt howitzer The Ordnance BL 6 inch 26cwt howitzer was a British howitzer used during World War I and World War II . The qualifier " 26cwt " refers to the weight of the barrel and breech together which weighed . History . World War I . It was developed to replace the obsolescent 6 inch 25 cwt and 6 inch 30 cwt howitzers which were outclassed by German artillery such as the 15 cm schwere Feldhaubitze 13 . Design began in January 1915 , the first proof - firing occurred on 30 July 1915 and it entered service in late 1915 . Its combination of firepower , range and mobility ( for its day ) made it one of the British Empire ' s most important weapons in World War I . It was originally towed by horses but from 1916 onwards was commonly towed by the " FWD " 4 wheel drive 3 ton lorry as heavy field artillery . The wooden spoked wheels could be fitted with " girdles " for work in mud or sand to prevent them sinking . Towards the end of the war solid rubber tyres were fitted over the iron tyres on the wheel rims , giving the rims a heavier appearance . It fired 22 . 4 million rounds on the Western Front . < br style = " clear : left ; " > World War II . During the interwar period the carriage had its wooden spoked wheels replaced with modern steel wheels and pneumatic tyres . During World War II , its use was restricted after 1942 when the replacement BL 5 . 5 inch Medium Gun came into use . It was however reintroduced in Burma due to a number of premature detonations in guns . It was declared obsolete with the end of the war in 1945 . Captured examples received the designation FH - 412 ( e ) in German use . < br style = " clear : left ; " > These guns are being restored by the Gunner ' s Association of South Africa
Seabee Engineer Reconnaissance Team Seabee Engineer Reconnaissance Teams ( SERTs ) are a new organizational concept developed by the First Naval Construction Division ( 1st NCD ) during Operation Iraqi Freedom intended to provide more engineering capability on the battlefield in support of the United States Marine Corps . SERTs are composed of ten - member teams : two Civil Engineer Corps ( CEC ) officers and eight enlisted Seabee s , augmented with additional personnel , as missions require . SERTs are divided into three elements : a liaison element , a security element and a reconnaissance element . The liaison ( LNO ) element has a CEC officer and two petty officer s that are communications specialists . The LNO element is responsible for communications with higher echelon s , both in transferring engineering assessments and intelligence and in receiving engineering reach - back solutions . The reconnaissance element has a CEC officer , who is the SERT Officer - in - Charge ( OIC ) , a Builder or Steelworker chief petty officer that has some bridge construction experience , and petty officers of varying Seabee ratings . The OIC is normally a licensed professional engineer with civil / structural engineering background . All SERT units include a Navy Corpsman . All members are carefully selected from among the top Seabees in their battalions and are qualified as Seabee Combat Warfare Specialists .
23rd New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment The 23rd New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment , the " Southern Tier Regiment " , was an infantry regiment of the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The regiment was organized in Elmira , New York on May 10 , 1861 and was mustered in for a two year enlistment on July 2 , 1861 . The regiment left the State July 5 , 1861 ; served at and near Washington , D . C . , from July 7 , 1861 ; in Hunter ' s , then Sedgwick ' s , then Keyes ' , Brigade , Division of the Potomac , from August 4 , 1861 ; in Wadsworth ' s Brigade , McDowell ' s Division , Army of the Potomac , from October 15 , 1861 ; in 2d , Patrick ' s , Brigade , 3d , King ' s , Division , 1st Corps , Army of the Potomac , from March 13 , 1862 ; in 2d Brigade , King ' s Division , Department of the Rappahannock , from May , 1862 ; in 3d Brigade , 1st Division , 3d Corps , Army of Virginia , from June 26 , 1862 ; in the same brigade and division , 1st Corps , Army of the Potomac , from September 12 , 1862 ; in Patrick ' s Provost Guard Brigade , Army of the Potomac , from January , 1863 ; at Aquia Creek , Virginia , from April 29 , 1863 . The regiment was mustered out of service on May 22 , 1863 , and those men who had signed three year enlistments were transferred to the 80th New York . Total strength and casualties . The regiment suffered 17 enlisted men who were killed in action or mortally wounded and 2 officers and 53 enlisted men who died of disease , for a total of 72 fatalities .
120th Rajputana Infantry The 120th Rajputana Infantry were an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army . The regiment traces their origins to 1817 , when they were raised as the 2nd Battalion , 10th Regiment of Bombay Native Infantry . The regiments first action was during the Anglo - Persian War in 1856 , for which they were awarded the battle honours of " Persia " , " Reshire " , " Bushire " and " Koosh - ah " . During World War I they were attached to the 6th ( Poona ) Division and served in the Mesopotamian campaign . They fought in the Battle of Basra , the Battle of Qurna , the Battle of Es Sinn before being delivered a setback at the Battle of Ctesiphon . Following this engagement , they withdrew to Kut . Trapped in the city during the Siege of Kut they were forced to surrender after 147 days . A second battalion was raised from men on leave and reinforcements and sent to Mesopotamia . After World War I the Indian government reformed the army moving from single battalion regiments to multi battalion regiments . In 1922 , the 120th Rajputana Infantry became the 2nd ( Prince of Wales ' s Own ) , 6th Rajputana Rifles . After independence they were one of the regiments allocated to the Indian Army .
Bell 214ST The Bell 214ST is a medium - lift , twin - engine helicopter descended from Bell Helicopter ' s ubiquitous UH - 1 Huey series . Though it shares a type number with the somewhat - related Bell 214 , the 214ST is larger and of quite different appearance . Design and development . The 214ST was originally developed as a military project from the Bell 214B BigLifter , specifically for production in Iran and the development by Bell was funded by the Iranian government . The fundamental difference was the replacement of the Model 214 ' s single Lycoming LTC - 4 turboshaft engine with two General Electric T700 engines , to improve the helicopters hot and high performance and improve safety . An interim twin - engined conversion of a Model 214 flew on 15 February 1977 in Texas , Testing was successful , and Bell decided to press forward with a definitive twin engined Bell 214ST , with a fuselage stretched by and a revised main rotor of greater diameter . Iran changed its production plans , with 50 Bell 214A and 350 214STs to be built at the new production plant to be set up at Isfahan , Iran . Work started on three conforming prototypes in 1978 . The overthrow of the Shah in 1979 resulted in the cancellation of Iran ' s orders but by this time the new helicopter had attracted sufficient interest from other potential customers for Bell to continue with the project and build the 214ST at their Dallas - Fort Worth facility instead and launch it as a civil helicopter , rather than a military one . The first of the three full 214 ST prototypes flew on 21 July 1979 . Manufacturing of production 214STs began in 1981 . Type certification from the FAA and CAA for visual and instrument flight rules was awarded in 1982 . The military variant followed the civil one into production with helicopter deliveries commencing in 1982 . The Bell 214ST included major design changes from the Bell 214 . The Bell 214ST has a larger , stretched fuselage with seating for 16 - 18 passengers , and two GE CT7 - 2A engines . The helicopter introduced some ground - breaking innovations for Bell , including , a one - hour run - dry transmission , fiberglass rotor blades , elastomeric rotorhead bearings and the option of either skid or wheeled landing gear . The helicopter has a cockpit door and a large cabin door on each side . The 214ST has a capacity for fuel of 435 US gallons ( 1 , 650 L ) . An auxiliary fuel system could be added . The Model 214ST is the largest helicopter that has been built by Bell . The ST was originally an acronym for " Stretched Twin " , but was later changed to " Super Transporter " . Bell built a total of 96 214STs with production ending in 1993 . The military operators included : Iraq ( 48 ) , Brunei ( 1 ) , Peru ( 11 ) , Thailand ( 9 ) and Venezuela ( 4 ) . The 214ST was replaced on the Mirabel plant production line by the smaller Bell 230 .
Geoff Shepherd Air Marshal Geoffrey David Shepherd AO ( born 24 January 1952 ) is a retired senior officer in the Royal Australian Air Force , serving as its Chief from 2005 until 2008 . Service history . Shepherd commenced his RAAF service with the 1971 RAAF Academy intake , graduating in December 1974 with a Bachelor of Science ( Physics ) degree from Melbourne University followed by a Post - Graduate Diploma in Military Aviation . He had operational flying tours on Mirage III fighter aircraft at RAAF Base Butterworth ( Malaysia ) , the F - 111 strike bomber at RAAF Base Amberley , both as a line pilot and as the Training Flight Commander and as a flying instructor at No 1 Flying Training School RAAF Base Point Cook . He has approximately 4500 flying hours , including 2500 hours in the F - 111 . He has held staff appointments at 82 Wing ( F - 111 ) HQ , as the Assistant Defence Adviser at the Australian High Commission in Singapore , and in Force Development in the field of capability analysis . He also undertook staff training at the Joint Services Staff College . His command appointments were Commanding Officer of 6 SQN ( F - 111 ) , in the rank of Wing Commander , and Officer Commanding 82 Wing ( F - 111 ) , as a Group Captain . He was promoted to Air Commodore on 1 December 1998 and served two years as the Chief of Staff at HQ Air Command . He was the Director General Operations at the Defence Signals Directorate from January 2001 until October 2002 , when he moved on to become Director - General Joint Operations and Plans in Strategic Operations Division . Air Commodore Shepherd was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia ( AM ) in the Australia Day 2000 Honours List . He was promoted to Air Vice Marshal on 2 December 2003 and appointed Air Commander Australia ( ACAUST ) taking effect 15 December 2003 . On 23 May 2005 , the Minister for Defence announced that , upon promotion to Air Marshal ( as of 4 July 2005 ) , Shepherd would succeed Angus Houston as the Chief of Air Force ( CAF ) . In June 2006 he was elevated to Officer of the Order of Australia ( AO ) . On 4 July 2008 his 37 year career in the RAAF came to an end with his retirement . His last official function was to be the Reviewing Officer of the Officer Training School Graduation Parade , held at RAAF Base East Sale , however due to unwanted weather conditions the Parade was cancelled . He was given one final stairway guard by the young men and women of the Australian Air Force Cadets , who were on a camp at RAAF Base East Sale at the time . He was succeeded as CAF by Air Marshal Mark Binskin . Personal . Shepherd is known throughout the RAAF for calling out " Cooee " , a distinctive Australian vocalisation used mainly in the outback , with which he ended his first address as Chief of Air Force . He attended Brisbane State High School . He is married to Anne , with whom he has two sons . His interests include gardening , rugby league football , travelling and understanding other cultures .
Aubrey Newman Major General Aubrey S . " Red " Newman ( 1903 – 1994 ) served in the United States Army for 34 years . Newman commanded the 34th Infantry Regiment of the 24th Infantry Division during the Battle of the Philippines in World War II . His cry of " Follow Me ! " at Leyte rallied his troops and inspired American infantrymen for decades . He was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross , the Army ' s second - highest award for bravery , for his actions during this battle . Newman was a contributor to " Army Magazine " for many years . His articles on common sense leadership were very popular and were later published in three books : " Follow Me : The Human Element in Leadership " , " Follow Me II : More on the Human Element in Leadership " , and " Follow Me III : Lessons on the Art and Science of High Command " . He also authored " What Generals are Made Of " . His books remain on the professional reading lists of the U . S . Army Command and General Staff College , the United States Marine Corps ' Commandant , and the reading lists of many other military and paramilitary organizations . The United States Army Forces Command ( FORSCOM ) recognizes outstanding junior leaders who demonstrate a commitment to developing their soldiers with the Major General Aubrey " Red " Newman award . While a Lieutenant , Newman competed in the 1928 Olympics and finished 16th in the pentathlon .
Edward Stack Edward Stack ( April 26 , 1756 – December 1833 ) was an officer in the United States Marine Corps during the American Revolutionary War . Biography . Edward Stack was born in Kealand , County Kerry , Ireland . Entering the service of Louis XV in 1770 as an Ensign in the Irish Brigade , he was appointed Aide de Camp to the King in 1772 . He was promoted to Lieutenant in 1777 , and accompanied the Marquis de Lafayette ' s expedition to Virginia in 1778 . He returned to France 1779 , and embarked at L ' Orient on the Privateer Bonhomme Richard ( Captain John Paul Jones ) in August , 1779 . Stack was appointed 2nd Lieutenant in the United States Marine Corps by John Paul Jones on February 4 , 1779 . Stack commanded the division in the main top of " Bonhomme Richard " during her battle with HMS " Serapis " on September 23 , 1779 . This naval engagement off Flamborough Head , Yorkshire , and resulted in the capture of HMS Serapis . In his report of the action , Jones commended Stack for his great bravery , crediting him with the victory , which historians now conclude turned the tide of war for America . Lt . Stack remained in United States service until 1780 . Later , he returned to France and was appointed to Dillon ' s Regiment in the Irish Brigade , with whom he accompanied the Marquis de Bouille ' s expedition to the West Indies and assisted in the reduction of Tobago , St . Kitts , Nevis and Montserrat . Stack was promoted Captain in 1789 and appointed Chevalier de St . Louis and Chevalier de Cincinnatus d ' Amerique by Louis XVI . He was promoted Major in 1791 , and Lieut . Colonel in 1793 . The Irish Brigade , then serving in the West Indies , refused to serve under the Committee of Public Safety and transferred to the British Service 1794 . At their final reduction in 1798 Lieut . Colonel Stack was placed on half - pay . In 1801 he was promoted Colonel to command the North Lowland Fencible Brigade which was broken up at the Peace of Amiens . Proceeding on leave of absence to France he was arrested at the declaration of war and confined to the fortress at Biche but advanced to Brigadier General whilst in captivity 1803 , detected in 1804 executing secret service work for the British government , sentenced to be shot together with Duc d ' Enghien , but reprieved at the last moment by the Emperor Napoleon . He transferred to Verdun in 1806 , promoted Major General , 1808 , promoted Lieut . General 1813 ; released by Louis XVIII in 1814 and returned to England , promoted General 1830 . General Stack died at Calais , France , in December 1833 . USS " Stack " ( DD - 406 ) was named for him .
Jagu Jagu , ( ) is a small military unit led by a non - commissioned officer ( NCO ) that is subordinate to an infantry platoon . " Jagu " is bigger than a salk ( " fireteam " ) but smaller than a rühm ( " platoon " ) . It is also one of the smallest military formation among the Estonian Ground Force infantry units . Leadership . It usually consists six to ten soldiers , and may be further subdivided into fireteam s . A " jagu " is composed of two fireteams of five soldiers each , as well as a squad leader ( " jaopealik " ) who is usually a sergeant ( " seersant " ) . His second in command is known as a squad sergeant ( " jaopealiku abi " ) . Organization . One single " jagu " is meant to operate on a battlefield along with other " jagu ' s " on a landscale not greater than 100 x 200 metres . There are no logistical support elements in the structure of a " jagu " . The formation transport is usually made up by one tactical transport vehicle such as Mercedes - Benz UNIMOG 435 . Other military uses . A squad can also be an ad hoc group of soldiers assigned to a task , for example , a firing squad . In the Canadian Army , the term " squad " can actually refer to a portion of a drill movement . This is generally used when a group of soldiers is learning a new drill movement , as it is easier to learn step - by - step , rather than all at once .
Hardee hat The Hardee hat , also known as the Model 1858 Dress Hat and sometimes nicknamed the " Jeff Davis " , was the regulation dress hat for enlisted men in the Union Army during the American Civil War . The Hardee hat was also worn by Confederate soldiers . However , most soldiers found the black felt hat to be too hot and heavy and shunned its use , preferring a kepi or slouch hat . In the Union Army , the most prominent wearers of the Hardee hat during the war were the soldiers of the " Iron Brigade " , also known as the " Black - Hats " . The hat apparently was named after William J . Hardee , a career officer in the U . S . Army from 1838 until resigning his commission on January 31 , 1861 . Hardee was Commandant of Cadets at West Point from 1856 to 1860 . He was lieutenant colonel of the 1st U . S . Cavalry until just before the war . In 1855 , he published " Rifle and Light Infantry Tactics for the Exercise and Manoeuvres of Troops When Acting as Light Infantry or Riflemen " , popularly known as " Hardee ' s Tactics " , which became the best - known drill manual of both sides of the Civil War . He joined the Confederate States Army in March 1861 and eventually became a lieutenant general and corps commander . U . S . Army regulations specified that the hat should be adorned with a brass hat device and a wool hat cord denoting the branch of service of the wearer : sky blue for infantry , scarlet for artillery , and gold for cavalry . The brim was to be pinned up on the right side for cavalrymen and artillerymen , and on the left for infantry soldiers .
USS MacKenzie ( TB - 17 ) The first USS " MacKenzie " ( Torpedo Boat No . 17 / TB - 17 ) , was laid down by Charles Hillman Ship & Engine Building Company , Philadelphia , Pa . , 15 April 1897 ; launched 19 February 1898 ; sponsored by Master Charles Hillman ; and commissioned 1 May 1899 , Lt . L . H . Chandler in command . Departing League Island 28 May 1899 , " MacKenzie " sailed north to Newport . Arriving on the 31st , she decommissioned and joined other torpedo boats , such as " DuPont " and " Winslow " , in occasional employment in experimental and training duties . Recommissioned 7 November 1902 , she steamed to Norfolk where she joined the Reserve Torpedo Flotilla on the 14th . Serving with that flotilla for the greater part of the next 10 years , she was occasionally used as a training ship at the US Naval Academy , and in 1908 operated off the southeastern seaboard . She decommissioned at Charleston , 15 April 1912 , and departed the next day for Florida . She arrived at Key West 19 April and on 7 May was turned over to the Florida Naval Militia , in which she served until returned to the Navy in November 1914 . She cruised off southern Florida for the next year , cruising to Havana in October 1915 . In 1916 , the torpedo boat was designated as a target ship and 10 March 1916 her name was struck from the Navy list .
Defensive grenade wz . 33 The granat obronny wz . 33 ( Polish for " defensive grenade , mark 33 " ) was a fragmentation grenade used by the Polish Army before and during World War II . The shell casing was molded from cast iron and formed into a pineapple - shaped oval , typical of World War II - era hand grenades . More specifically it was modelled after earlier Polish grenades of 1920 ' s ( such as the Defensive grenade wz . 24 ) , which in turn were based on French World War I F1 grenade . It was fitted with wz . Gr . 31 percussion fuse . To increase reliability , the grenade had two blasting caps and two strikers . The casing was produced in one of three factories , a letter on the casing denoting the producer ( K for Końskie , M for Warsaw and W for Wilno ) . The Polish name for the grenade was because the blast radius of shrapnels often exceeded 100 metres and the grenade had to be thrown from a defensive position , such as a trench or from behind a wall . Two such grenades as well as two wz . 24 offensive grenades were standard military equipment for all enlisted soldiers .
Fort Darnet Fort Darnet , like Fort Hoo was built on the recommendations of the 1859 Royal Commission on an island covering the inner navigable channel of the River Medway , Kent . Originally designed for two tiers of guns mounted in a circle , with a boom strung between them , there were many problems with subsidence , and after extensive cost overruns the forts were completed in 1871 with one tier , and 11 guns : a mixture of 9 - inch and 7 - inch rifled muzzle - loaders , and no boom . The forts were never used in anger , and were disarmed before the First World War . In the Second World War the fort was used as observation posts , with platforms and pillboxes built on top . The fort is still in fair condition , however the magazine level seems to have been deliberately flooded to minimise access and vandalism . The island can be freely visited by boat , though the landing is muddy .