naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Remington 870 The Remington Model 870 is a U . S . - made pump - action shotgun manufactured by Remington Arms Company , Inc . It is widely used by the public for sport shooting , hunting , and self - defense . It is also commonly used by law enforcement and military organisations worldwide . Development . The Remington 870 was the fourth major design in a series of Remington pump shotguns . John Pedersen designed the fragile Remington Model 10 ( and later the improved Remington Model 29 ) . Working with John Browning , Pedersen also helped design the Model 17 which was adopted by Ithaca as the Ithaca 37 and also served as the basis for the Remington 31 . The Model 31 was well - liked , but struggled for sales in the shadow of the Winchester Model 12 . Remington sought to correct that in 1950 by introducing a modern , streamlined , rugged , reliable , and relatively inexpensive shotgun , the 870 Wingmaster . Sales of the 870 have been steady . They reached 2 million guns by 1973 ( ten times the number of Model 31 shotguns it replaced ) . By 1996 , spurred by the basic " Express " model , sales topped seven million guns . On April 13 , 2009 the ten millionth Model 870 was produced , and the 870 holds the record for best - selling shotgun in the history of the world . Design details . The 870 features a bottom - loading , side ejecting receiver , tubular magazine under the barrel , dual action bars , internal hammer , and a bolt which locks into an extension in the barrel . The action , receiver , trigger system , safety catch and slide release catch of the Remington Model 870 shotgun are similar to those used on the Remington Model 7600 series pump - action centerfire rifles and carbines . The trigger group itself was first used in the automatic 11 - 48 . 20 gauge stocks will also interchange . Several parts of the 870 will interchange with the semi - automatic Remington 1100 and 11 - 87 . The original 870 models were offered with fixed chokes . In 1986 Remington introduced the new Remington " Rem Choke " system of screw - in chokes ( also fitted to Remington model 1100 auto - loading shotguns at the same time ) . Initially , the Rem Chokes were offered on barrel lengths of 21 , 26 and 28 " . It was not offered on 30 " barrels , deer guns , target guns or as a retrofit . Variants . There are hundreds of variations of the Remington 870 . From the original fifteen models offered , Remington currently produces dozens of models for civilian , law enforcement , and military sales . 870 variants can be grouped into :
Geoffrey Barnard Vice Admiral Sir Geoffrey Barnard KCB DSO & Bar ( 12 November 1902 – 19 December 1974 ) was a Royal Navy officer who became Deputy Chief of the Naval Staff . Naval career . Barnard joined the Royal Navy in 1916 during World War I and subsequently specialised in Gunnery . He was given command of the destroyer HMS " Daring " in 1935 . He served in World War II as Fleet Gunnery Officer and Deputy Chief of Staff to the Commander - in - Chief , Mediterranean Fleet earning the DSO at the Battle of Cape Matapan in March 1941 and seeing action at the landings in North Africa in 1942 . He took command of the cruiser HMS " Aurora " in 1944 and earned a bar to his DSO during Operation Dragoon in 1945 . After the War he became Chief Staff Officer to the Flag Officer ( Air ) in 1946 and Director of the Royal Navy Tactical School in 1948 . He was attached to the Indian Navy and commanded the Indian Navy Squadron from 1950 before being appointed Assistant Chief of the Naval Staff ( Warfare ) in 1952 . He became Deputy Chief of the Naval Staff and a Lord Commissioner of the Admiralty in 1953 and Naval Attaché at the Joint Services Mission in Washington D . C . in 1954 . His last role was as President of the Royal Naval College , Greenwich in 1956 before retiring in 1959 . Family . In 1926 he married Julyan Frances Crawley ; they had one son and two daughters .
Action of 21 July 1781 The Action of 21 July 1781 took place during the American Revolution between two French Navy frigates and a convoy of 18 British ships under protection of the Royal Navy off the harbour of Spanish River , Cape Breton , Nova Scotia ( present - day Sydney , Nova Scotia ) . The two French frigates were led by Admiral Latouche Tréville and La Pérouse , and were ultimately victorious in the battle . Background . The attack took place in the context of the Franco - American alliance against Great Britain in the American Revolutionary War . There was possible reason that the French attacked ; maybe it was because they wanted back Louisburg , that the British took from them in the French and Indian War . Action . The British convoy was bound for Spanish River on Cape Breton Island to pick up coal for delivery to Halifax . It was composed of 18 ships , including 9 coal - transporting ships and 4 supply ships . The escorting ships were the frigate " Charlestown " ( 28 ) , the two sloop s " Allegiance " ( 24 ) and " Vulture " ( 20 ) , the armed transport " Vernon " ( 14 ) , and another small armed ship " Jack " ( 14 ) . The two French frigates " Astrée " ( 38 ) , commanded by La Pérouse , and the " Hermione " ( 34 ) , commanded by Latouche Tréville , attacked the convoy . The French severely damaged the " Charlestown " , which lost her mainmast and a number of her officers , including Captain Francis Evans . The French also significantly damaged " Jack " , which too lost her captain , and subsequently struck her colors . The engagement ended with the fall of night . Captain George of the British ship " Vulture " led the damaged escorts into harbor . Six French sailors were killed and 17 British . While the British escort was severely damaged , the convoy picked up a load of coal at Spanish River and delivered it to Halifax . The French captured the British ship " Thorn " off Halifax Harbour , along with three merchantmen , which they brought back to Boston . ( The following year , the British recaptured " Jack " in the Naval battle off Halifax . ) Afterwards . The two French commanders would become particularly famous , as Latouche Tréville became an Admiral and a hero of the Napoleonic war , and La Pérouse became a famous explorer . One of the ships , the " Hermione " , had brought La Fayette to the United States , and a copy is now under construction in the original docks of Rochefort . Commemorations . The encounter was painted by Auguste - Louis de Rossel de Cercy , and is on display at the Musée Nationale de la Marine in Rochefort .
RFA Gold Rover ( A271 ) RFA " Gold Rover " ( A271 ) is a small fleet tanker of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary and is one of five Rover Class ships that were designed by the Admiralty , all of which were built at the Swan Hunter shipyard . Today Gold Rover and her sister " Black Rover " are the last two in service with the R . F . A . on duty around the world , the others have all been phased out as part of a worldwide effort to replace single - hulled vessels with double - hulled . Notes . The Rover Class is predominantly used to transport fuel , oil , aviation fuel for services around the globe . It can carry limited dried stores of 340 tonnes such as munitions and refrigerated goods . They also come with a helicopter landing pad that can accommodate 2 helicopters , however there is no hangar . Major Duties . In July 1974 Gold Rover participated in evacuation duties during the partition of Cyprus during the Turkish invasion of the island . " Gold Rover " participated in the 1986 Jamaican flood relief operations . In January 2000 " Gold Rover " was towed back to Devonport by two RMAS tugs after breaking down off Lizard Point . 2006 was a busy year for " Gold Rover " : She was in Nigeria in June 2006 for the 50th anniversary celebrations of the formation of the Nigerian Navy . As part of the celebrations there was a Fleet Review by President Olusegun Obasanjo . On 6 October she , along with Royal Navy frigate and Royal Marines from 40 Commando , seized more than two tonnes of cocaine during a major drugs haul off the coast of West Africa . The illegal drugs , which were found in an unregistered vessel , had a UK street value of some £60 million . " Gold Rover " was part of a Royal Navy amphibious task group , the VELA Deployment 06 , en route to Sierra Leone where she and other ships were taking part in a major amphibious exercise . Whilst on the way to West Africa " Gold Rover " was contributing to the global fight against terrorism and the Royal Navy ' s maritime security operations activity .
Operation Barclay Operation Barclay was a World War II deception by the Allies in support of Operation Husky , the Allied invasion of Sicily in July 1943 . The goal was to deceive the Axis powers as to the location of the Allies ' assault across the Mediterranean and to divert the Axis military commands attention and resources . Operation Barclay used bogus troop movements , radio traffic , recruitment of Greek interpreters , and acquisition of Greek maps to indicate an invasion through the Balkans . Operation Barclay created a sham army in the eastern Mediterranean : the " Twelfth Army " consisting of 12 fictitious Divisions . Hitler suspected that the Allies would invade Europe through the Balkans , and " Barclay " served to reinforce this . As part of Barclay the British also launched " Operation Mincemeat " , where faked documents were planted via Spain . To reinforce the impression that an Allied invasion was imminent the Special Operations Executive ( SOE ) , in co - operation with the Greek andartes , mounted " Operation Animals " , a series of attacks on rail and road networks . The deception was successful . The German High Command concluded there was a greater concentration of Allied forces in the eastern Mediterranean than was the case and held to this assessment , making subsequent deceptions more credible . German forces in the Balkans were reinforced from 8 to 18 Divisions , and the Italian fleet diverted into the Adriatic Sea . The Allied invasion of Sicily thus achieved surprise . The greatly increased number of German occupying forces in Greece resulted in negative consequences for the Greek Resistance . Wide - ranging counterguerrilla operations were carried out , culminating in mass reprisals such as the Massacre of Kalavryta and Distomo massacre . References .
HMS York ( D98 ) HMS " York " was a Batch III Type 42 destroyer of the Royal Navy . Launched on 20 June 1982 at Wallsend , Tyne and Wear and sponsored by Lady Gosling , " York " was the last Type 42 built . The ship ' s crest was the White Rose of York , and the " red cross with lions passant " funnel badge was derived from the coat of arms of the City of York . With a maximum speed of , she was the Royal Navy ' s fastest destroyer . Operational history . In 2003 she took part in the invasion of Iraq providing air cover and area protection for the aircraft carrier . In 2004 she was fitted with the MOD 1 variant of the mark 8 4 . 5 inch gun . She and were the only two Type 42 s to be so fitted . In July 2006 , " York " joined in evacuating British citizens from Beirut in the 2006 Israel - Lebanon conflict making several trips in and out of Lebanon , ferrying evacuees to Cyprus . In February 2010 , " York " and the auxiliary RFA " Wave Ruler " were deployed in the Falkland Islands coinciding with a period of increased tensions between the United Kingdom and Argentina over the former ' s plans to begin drilling for oil in the seas surrounding the islands . In February 2011 , " York " was deployed to Malta to assist in the evacuation of British nationals from Libya . On 21 April 2011 , " York " arrived at the East Cove Military Port in the Falkland Islands , beginning patrol duties for the islands . On 12 December 2011 " York " spotted the Russian carrier " Admiral Kuznetsov " with its carrier group northeast of Orkney , off the coast of northern Scotland , and shadowed the carrier for a week . This was the first time " Kuznetsov " had deployed near UK waters and the closest in 20 years that a Russian naval task group had deployed to the UK . She then sailed around the top of Scotland and into the Atlantic past western Ireland , where she conducted flying operations with her Sukhoi Su - 33 Flanker jets and Kamov Ka - 27 helicopters in international airspace . On 13 April 2012 HMS " Edinburgh " fired the last ever operational Sea Dart missile s after a thirty year career . As such " York " will complete her career without the system being operational . She entered Portsmouth harbour for the final time on 20 September 2012 , and was decommissioned on 27 September 2012 .
HMS Royalist ( 1883 ) HMS " Royalist " was an " Satellite " - class composite screw sloop of the Royal Navy , built in 1883 and hulked as a depot ship in 1900 . She was renamed " Colleen " in 1913 , transferred to the Irish Free State in 1923 and broken up in 1950 . Construction . " Royalist " was ordered from Devonport Dockyard and laid down on 27 April 1881 . She was launched on 7 March 1883 and reclassified as a corvette in 1884 before being commissioned for the first time on 14 April 1886 . She was built of an iron frame with wooden planking ( hence " composite " ) and her class was unique in being the only wooden or composite ships of the Royal Navy to be fitted with an armoured deck . She was fitted with a horizontal compound - expansion steam engine by Maudslay , Sons and Field . This engine produced and drove a single screw . Masts and spars were provided for a barque rig . Although four of her sister ships were armed with two 6 - inch and ten 5 - inch breech - loading guns , " Royalist " , in common with " Heroine " and " Hyacinth " , received a homogenous outfit of eight BL 6 - inch / 100 - pounder ( 81cwt ) Mk II guns , complemented with a light gun and 4 machine guns . Royal Navy service . Initially on service with the Cape of Good Hope Station , she commenced service on the Australia Station in May 1888 . Ships on the Australia Station were active in the Pacific in the management of islands that were part of the British protectorate in the Pacific . " H . M . S . Royalist " , under the command of Captain Davis , was sent to the Gilbert Islands and on 27 May 1892 the islands were proclaimed to be a British protectorate . On that voyage " H . M . S . Royalist " also visited each of the islands in the Ellice Group ( now Tuvalu ) . During the Samoan civil unrest in 1899 , she took part in operations with and . She left the Australia Station in June 1899 . Hulked in February 1900 and used for harbour service , she was renamed " Colleen " on 1 December 1913 . The Antarctic explorer Tom Crean , who had been part of both Captain Scott ' s and Ernest Shackleton ' s expeditions , served in " Colleen " as a boatswain during the later years of World War I . Irish service . " Colleen " was transferred to the Irish Free State on 19 February 1923 and broken up in 1950 .
Connell James Baldwin Connell James Baldwin ( 1777 – 14 December 1861 ) was an Irish soldier and civil servant . When he was fourteen he joined the Royal Navy , and two years later , after being deemed medically unfit to serve in that branch , the British Army . In 1808 , as an Ensign in the 87th Foot , he purchased a Lieutenant cy in the 83rd Foot . He served in the Peninsular War , where he was wounded four times , and by the end of that conflict was a decorated Captain and the Aide - de - camp to General Thomas Picton . From 1820 to 1826 , when he exchanged from the 50th Foot to half - pay , Baldwin served as a Brigade - Major in Britain and the West Indies . Afterward , he helped organise and command a regiment that supported Pedro I of Brazil . In 1828 he moved to Toronto Gore Township in Upper Canada , along with some of his soldiers including William John O ’ Grady . Here he built a church and a school , and was appointed justice of the peace , roads commissioner , and militia colonel . Although identified with the reform movement , Baldwin opposed the rebellion of 1837 and lead 1 , 200 men , at his own expense , to protect Niagara from rebels . In the process , he incurred debts that haunted him the rest of his life . A distant cousin of Robert Baldwin , he a was politically outspoken advocate of Irish Catholics , opposing the Orange Order and what was perceived as the conservative ' s affinity for it is . His closest allies in this were the bishops Alexander Macdonell , Michael Power , and Armand - François - Marie de Charbonnel . He ran for election as a reform candidate in 1841 in 2nd York riding against the Orangeman George Duggan , but withdrew due to the threat of violence . In 1841 he sold his Army commission . During Toronto ' s 1847 cholera epidemic , Baldwin had his home converted into a hospital for the poor .
SM UB - 100 SM " UB - 100 " was a German Type UB III submarine or U - boat in the German Imperial Navy ( ) during World War I . She was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 17 September 1918 as SM " UB - 100 " . " UB - 100 " was surrendered on 22 November 1918 and broken up in Dortrecht in 1922 . Construction . She was built by AG Vulcan of Hamburg and following just under a year of construction , launched at Hamburg on 13 August 1918 . " UB - 100 " was commissioned later the same year . Like all Type UB III submarines , " UB - 100 " carried 10 torpedoes and was armed with a deck gun . " UB - 100 " would carry a crew of up to 3 officer and 31 men and had a cruising range of . " UB - 100 " had a displacement of while surfaced and when submerged . Her engines enabled her to travel at when surfaced and when submerged .
Cruise missile submarine A cruise missile submarine is a submarine that can launch cruise missile s ( SLCM s ) . The US Navy hull classification symbol s for cruise missile submarines are SSG and SSGN - the " SS " denotes submarine , the " G " denotes guided missile , and the " N " denotes nuclear - powered . Early cruise missile submarines had to surface to launch their missiles . Later designs launch missiles from underwater , using either torpedo tubes or vertical canisters . U . S . Navy . The U . S . Navy ' s first nuclear deterrent patrol submarines were five submarines equipped with the Regulus missile : USS " Tunny " ( SSG - 282 ) , USS " Barbero " ( SSG - 317 ) , , and . " Tunny " and " Barbero " were modified World War II s , while " Grayback " , " Growler " and " Halibut " were custom - made launch platforms . These ships were redesignated with the removal of the Regulus missile from service in 1964 . From 2002 to 2008 the U . S . Navy modified the four oldest submarines - USS , , , and - into SSGNs . The conversion was achieved by installing vertical launching system s ( VLS ) in a " multiple all - up - round canister " ( MAC ) configuration in 22 of the 24 missile tubes , replacing one Trident missile with 7 smaller Tomahawk cruise missile s . The 2 remaining tubes were converted to lockout chamber s for use by special forces personnel . This gave each converted sub the capability to carry up to 154 Tomahawks . The MAC tubes can also be used to carry and launch UAVs or UUVs . Despite the increase in stand - off strike capabilities , this conversion counts as an arms reduction against the START II treaty because it reduces the number of nuclear weapons that are forward - deployed . USS " Florida " launched cruise missiles against Libyan targets as part of Operation Odyssey Dawn in March 2011 . Russian / Soviet Navy . The Russian / Soviet Navy has operated the following classes of cruise missile submarine ( these are NATO reporting names ) : Other navies . The Royal Navy deploys Tomahawk missile s for land - attack on all its present fleet submarine s ( the " Trafalgar " and " Astute " classes ) , although these are multi - roled boats rather than having land attack as a primary role . Formerly , some submarines ( e . g . of the " Swiftsure " class ) also carried Sub - Harpoon anti - ship missiles . The " Collins " class submarine s of the Royal Australian Navy , which can launch Sub - Harpoon anti - ship missiles , use the SSG designation . The Israeli " Dolphin " class submarine fleet is alleged to carry both nuclear armed Popeye Turbo SLCMs with a range of at least 1 , 500 km ( 930 mi ) as well as Sub - Harpoon missiles .
Boadicea - class cruiser The " Boadicea " class was a two ship class of scout cruiser s of the Royal Navy , consisting of HMS " Bellona " and HMS " Boadicea " . They were the first class to be fitted with turbine machinery , propulsion which became standard for all future cruisers . They were larger and heavier than the commercially designed pairs of the " Adventure " , " Forward " , " Pathfinder " and " Sentinel " classes yet carried less armour and weaponry . Deck protection was limited to a partial plating over the machinery spaces . Design . They were designed to serve with flotilla s of destroyers , theoretically offering the ability to scout ahead of the group and engage and destroy enemy destroyers with their heavier weaponry . The ships sported a four inch ( 102 mm ) main armament , two guns in front of the bridge , two port and starboard just behind it and two more on the centre line towards the stern . HMS " Boadicea " was refitted during 1916 with four more guns added to the waist of the ship and a three inch ( 76 mm ) anti aircraft gun to counter the new threats from the air . This was later replaced with a 4 inch A / A gun . Career . However elegant the theory , it proved flawed in practice . The cruisers lacked the speed of the destroyers they were supposed to escort . This negated the one great advantage of the destroyers - their relative speed - without increasing their hitting power . HMS " Bellona " was attached to the 2nd Flotilla from 1909 to 1912 but her top speed of was sluggish compared to the of the " Acorn " class destroyers she was supposedly scouting for . HMS " Boadicea " lagged even further behind her " Acheron " class destroyers , capable of up to . Both ships served during the First World War , fighting in the Battle of Jutland . Both were later converted to minelayer s . The class was followed by the two ships of the " Blonde " class of 1909 to 1911 - which proved to be even slower .