naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
16th Airborne Division The 16th Airborne Division was an airborne infantry division of the British Territorial Army . It was first commanded by Major - General Roy Urquhart , and had its divisional headquarters in London . It was raised in 1947 , to compensate for the loss of the 1st Airborne Division , which had been disbanded in 1945 and the 6th Airborne Division which was to be disbanded in 1948 . The number " 16 " was used in recognition of the two wartime airborne divisions . The division had three parachute brigades , the 4th , 5th and the 6th , each with three Territorial battalions of the Parachute Regiment . The brigades were renumbered the 44th , 45th and 46th in 1950 . Then in December 1955 , the British Secretary of State for War in an announcement on the future of the Territorial Army , proposed cutting the Territorial parachute battalions by five . The reduction in strength led to the disbandment of the division in 1956 , leaving the 44th Independent Parachute Group ( TA ) as the only British reserve parachute formation .
Altenstadt Air Base Altenstadt Air Base ( German : " Heeresflugplatz Altenstadt " , ICAO : ETHA ) is located approximately northeast of the Upper Bavaria n municipality of Altenstadt , Bavaria , Germany . The air base is operated by the German Army Aviation Corps . History . During World War II the airfield was used as a training centre for Anti - aircraft warfare . Following the foundation of the German Armed Forces ( " Bundeswehr " ) in 1955 a training school for airborne troops was established at Altenstadt Air Base in 1956 . In June 1993 , the base was officially named " Franz Josef Strauss " " Barracks " after the former prime minister of Bavaria , who had served on the air base during World War II as a National Socialist Leadership Officer ( " Nationalsozialistischer Führungsoffizier " ) . Since 1997 the school has been twinned with the French Army ' s " École des troupes aéroportées " ( ETAP ) in Pau . Current Use . Altenstadt Air Base is home of the German Army ' s School for Airborne Troops as well as a Bundeswehr Sports Promotion Section . Also stationed at the air base are parts of the Central Medical Services . Approximately 720 military personnel are employed at the air base . In October 2011 the German Federal Ministry of Defence announced a reorganisation / reduction of the German Armed Forces . As a consequence , the School for Airborne Troops will be disbanded and the Bundeswehr Sports Promotion Section will be relocated to Oldenburg . The Central Medical Services will be expanded into a regional medical centre . Additionally , a battalion of aspirant non - commissioned officer s will be based at Altenstadt Air Base . However , after the implementation of these cuts and relocations , the number of military personnel based at Altenstadt Air Base will be reduced by almost 75 per cent to 190 . In 2012 the Bavarian Office for Cultural Heritage Management announced that several buildings within the air base , by now in the possession of the Institute for Federal Real Estate , are to be listed . This includes amongst others the mess , the guardhouse and barracks .
57 Division ( Sri Lanka ) The 57 Division is a newly formed infantry division of the Sri Lanka Army . A principal offensive division it is currently deployed for combat operations in the Wanni region . Formation . With the start of Eelam War IV , a phase of the Sri Lankan Civil War , the Sri Lankan military launched an offensive to capture the Eastern Province from the LTTE . The Sri Lankan military had captured the Eastern Province from the LTTE by July 2007 . Soon after this , the military ' s focus was shifted to the North , and a new offensive began to capture the Northern Province from the LTTE . A new division named as the 57 Division had been created by the Sri Lanka Army on 26 February 2007 . This was created as an offensive division , with the task of neutralising LTTE threats on civilian settlements in Vavuniya and Mannar . Three brigades comprised the 57 Division , named as 571 , 572 and 573 . The 571 Brigade was commanded by Colonel G . V . Ravipriya , while the 572 Brigade was commanded by Colonel Senerath Bandara . The 573 Brigade was commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Prathap Thillekeratne . Participating in the northern offensive , the 57 Division under the command of Major General Jagath Dias , commenced operations in March 2007 . It was deployed to advance on Kilinochchi along the western flank of the Wanni region . A new brigade named as the 574 Brigade was added to the 57 Division in October 2008 , under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Senaka Wijesuriya . The command of the 572 Brigade was taken over by Lieutenant Colonel Dhammika Jayasundera during this time . Sri Lankan Civil War . Operations . In late March 2008 , the 57 Division was given the objective of capturing the Madhu church and surrounding areas by the Sinhala and Tamil new year in April . The 57 Division captured this area on 24 April 2008 . After securing Madhu , Palampiddi became the next objective , which was captured on 17 May . After capturing the village of Mundumurippu in May and Periyamadhu in June , the 57 Division continued its advance into LTTE held territory and linked up with the 58 Division on 30 June 2008 . A new army division was created during the same time to hold the ground captured by the 57 Division . This new division , which was named the 61 Division , was given the task of holding the areas captured by the 57 Division up to Palampiddi , enabling the 57 Division to focus on the offensive .
18th Georgia Volunteer Infantry The 18th Georgia Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War . Originally brigaded with the three Texas regiments of John Bell Hood ' s Texas Brigade , it was transferred to Thomas R . R . Cobb ' s Georgia Brigade after the Battle of Antietam in late 1862 . After General Cobb was mortally wounded at Battle of Fredericksburg , the original colonel of the 18th Georgia , William T . Wofford , became Brigadier General of the Georgia Brigade . Organization . The regiment was organized at Camp Brown , Cobb County , Georgia on April 22 , 1861 under a special act of the Georgia legislature and was originally designated First Regiment , Fourth Brigade , State Troops under the following officers : Colonel William T . Wofford of Cass County ; Lieutenant Colonel Solon Z . Ruff of the Georgia Military Institute , Cobb County ; Major Jefferson Johnson , Floyd County ; Adjutant John C . Griffin , Cobb County . Transferring to Camp MacDonald at Big Shanty ( Kennesaw ) , the regiment drilled for two months after which the " Fourth Brigade " was broken up and sent north on August 2 , 1862 . The 18th Georgia was composed of ten companies , mostly from central counties in Georgia . Initial deployment and service . The 18th Georgia briefly guarded prisoners in Richmond captured at the First Battle of Bull Run ( Manassas ) and served garrison duty for two weeks in Goldsboro , North Carolina . In November they were sent north to the area of Dumfries , Virginia along the Potomac River where they were attached to the 1st , 4th and 5th Texas regiments to form a " full " brigade . For the next year they would be an integral member of the Texas Brigade as it fought from the Peninsula Campaign to Antietam . The regiment was first engaged at the Battle of Eltham ' s Landing and the Battle of Seven Pines . It served conspicuously during the Seven Days Battle where , along with their Texas compatriots , they broke the line at the Battle of Gaines ' Mill , effectively ending McClellan ' s campaign , and resulting in casualties of 37 killed and 106 wounded . Two months later , the regiment distinguished itself again at the Second Battle of Bull Run where members captured two stands of colors ( those of the 24th and 10th New York Infantry regiments ) , and where , along with the Texas Brigade , they spearheaded Longstreet ' s assault on Pope ' s left , nearly wiping out the 5th New York Zouaves and captured a battery of four guns . Casualties were 37 dead and 87 wounded . Three weeks later , the 18th fought at the Battle of Antietam losing 14 killed and 30 wounded . Under orders of the Confederate States War Department , the 18th Georgia Infantry was transferred from the Texas Brigade to the Georgia Brigade and went into camp at Fredericksburg , Virginia . In the ensuing Battle of Fredericksburg , the regiment fought behind the stone wall on Marye ' s Heights sustaining loses of 14 killed and 30 wounded while inflicting heavy casualties upon the enemy .
Caucasian Front ( Soviet Union ) The Caucasian Front or Caucasus Front was a military subdivision ( Front ) of the Soviet Army during the Second World War . This sense of the term is not identical with the more general usage of military front which indicates a geographic area in wartime , although a Soviet Front may operate within designated boundaries . The Caucasus Front was created on December 30 , 1941 as the new designation of the existing Transcaucasus Front . General Lieutenant Dmitri Kozlov was placed in command . It comprised the 44th , 47th , and 51st Armies . On January 28 , 1942 , the forces transferred to the ( new ) Crimean Front and the ( reestablished ) Transcaucasus Military District .
201 Squadron ( Portugal ) 201 Squadron " " Falcões " " ( " Esquadra 201 " ) is a fighter squadron of the Portuguese Air Force , operating the F - 16 Fighting Falcon . Roles and missions . 201 Sqn has as its primary mission the execution of air defense operations and conventional attack : History . The origins of 201 Squadron " Falcões " date back to 50 Squadron " " Falcões " " , based at Ota ( then designated Air Base 2 ) , operating the F - 86F Sabre . On September 11 , 1958 the squadron ' s designation was changed to 51 Squadron and it was later transferred to Air Base 5 , in Monte Real , on October 4 , 1959 . On August 15 , 1961 , eight F - 86F fighters were deployed to Guinea - Bissau until October 1964 , during which they flew 577 sorties , of which 430 were ground - attack missions . From 1961 to 1970 51 Squadron also operated five T - 33 AN Silver Star aircraft ; having also operated the Fiat G - 91 R4 from November 1965 to 1974 . They were used in the transition of pilots operating in the Portuguese African colonies . From 1976 to 1980 the squadron additionally operated six T - 38A Talon training aircraft which were transferred to 103 Squadron in July 1980 . In 1978 the 51 Squadron designation was changed to 201 Squadron . The F - 86F Sabre ended its service in the Portuguese Air Force officially with the deactivation of 201 Squadron on July 31 , 1980 . In 1981 , 302 Squadron , to which the missions of tactical air support for maritime operations ( TASMO ) and air interdiction were assigned , was activated and the squadron continued to serve with the traditions of the " Falcões " squadron . 201 Squadron was reactivated in October 1993 , with aerial defense as its mission , the first F - 16 Fighting Falcon arriving in June 1994 . In 1997 the squadron initiated its qualification in air - to - ground missions and in July 1998 it was attributed the primary mission of air defense operations and close air support and air interdiction as secondary missions . In 1999 , the tactical air support for maritime operations ( TASMO ) was also assigned as one of its secondary missions .
HMS Asia ( 1764 ) HMS " Asia " was a 64 - gun third - rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy , launched on 3 March 1764 at Portsmouth Dockyard . She participated in the American Revolutionary War and the capture of Martinique in 1794 . Sir Thomas Slade designed her as an experimental design , one that proved to be particularly groundbreaking as she was the first true 64 . As a result , the Royal Navy ordered no further 60 - gun ships but instead commissioned more 64 gun ships . Because these incorporated alterations learned from trials with " Asia " , for instance subsequent ships were bigger , she was the only ship of her draught ( class ) . Service . In 1775 , " Asia " was in New York Harbour during the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War . She was part of Admiral Richard Howe ' s flotilla at the Battle of Brooklyn in August 1776 . Later that year , she survived a fire ship that the American Silas Talbot led against her while she was in New York Harbour . The fire ship did foul " Asia " and set her fire to her , but the crew , aided by men from other nearby vessels , were able to extinguish the flames . " Asia " was recommissioned in May 1793 under Captain John Brown and on 26 December he sailed her to the West Indies to join Admiral Sir John Jervis . In March 1794 , " Asia " participated in the capture of Martinique by an expeditionary force under the command of Jervis and Lieutenant General Sir Charles Grey . The British were able by 16 March to capture all the forts , except Fort Bourbon and Fort Royal . On 20 March she and were supposed to enter the Carenage at Fort Royal to fire on Fort Saint Louis . However , " Asia " did not get into position . Her pilot , M . de Tourelles , who had been a lieutenant of the port , reneged on his agreement to take her in , ostensibly because of a fear of shoals . Instead , " Zebra " went in alone , with her captain , Richard Faulknor , and crew landing under the guns of the fort and capturing it . " Asia " returned to England in July 1794 . The next month Captain John M ' Dougall assumed command as she joined the Downs squadron . On 29 April 1796 , " Asia " again faced a possible fire , this time in Port Royal , Jamaica . The fire was self - inflicted in that part of a recently stored delivery of 300 powder barrels on the lower gun deck exploded . Some 300 of the vessel ' s crew jumped overboard in order to escape the consequences should the nearby main magazine explode . " Asia ' s " captain , officers , and a few of the remaining crew were able to put out the fire . In all , the vessel lost 11 men killed and wounded . From 1796 she was under the command of Captain Robert Murray , and in 1800 she sailed for Halifax , and arrived on 31 May . Here she picked up a group of 600 Jamaican Maroons who had been deported from Jamaica the previous year and were now to be transferred to Sierra Leone . She departed on 8 August and arrived in Sierra Leone on 30 September , disembarking there the group who came to be called the Jamaican Maroons in Sierra Leone . Fate . " Asia " was paid off in March 1802 . She was broken up in August 1804 at Chatham Dockyard .
Sumitomo Type 62 The is the standard issue GPMG of the Japan Self - Defense Forces , known as the Type 62 GPMG . Though the Sumitomo Heavy Industries ' M249 has largely replaced it in the JGSDF , the weapon still plays a support role as it is still used as a co - axial weapon in various armored vehicles , including tanks and APCs , as well as being a medium support machine gun . Like most modern Japanese - made firearms , it was never exported . History . After years of using the Browning M1919A4 as its standard GPMG during the early days of founding the Japan Self - Defense Forces , Sumitomo Heavy Industries had manufactured the NTK - 62 GPMG , designed at Nittoku Metal Industry ( NTK ) by Masaya Kawamura ' s team . The GPMG was made to meet the requirements of the Japanese Defense Agency . The designation " 62 " was present due to the fact that first batches of the NTK - 62 were made in 1962 after development started in 1954 . It was specifically adopted on February 15 , 1962 , effectively replacing the M1919 Browning machine gun in J . G . S . D . F service . Overview . The Sumitomo NTK - 62 is a gas operated machine gun chambered in the 7 . 62mm NATO cartridge , belt fed with the use of M13 disintegrating links . It has an unusual feed tray as the pivoting lever is above the bolt in the receiver rather than in the feed tray cover found on most machine guns . One can tell the difference between the NTK - 62 from the FN MAG by the bipod , barrel , buttstock , and pistol grip as these changes were possibly made to suit Japan Self - Defense Forces ' guidelines and standards . Variants . Type 74 . The is a fixed mount variant for AFV use , including the Type 74 and Type 90 MBTs , Mitsubishi Type 89 IFV and the Komatsu Type 87 Reconnaissance Vehicle . It weighs 20 . 4 kg ( 45 . 0 lb ) , unlike the Type 62 which weighs 10 . 15 kg ( 22 . 4 lb ) .
Willard G . Wyman Willard Gordon Wyman ( March 21 , 1898 – March 29 , 1969 ) was a United States Army four - star general who served as Commanding General , U . S . Continental Army Command ( CG CONARC ) from 1956 to 1958 . Wyman was born in Augusta , Maine . He was graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1919 . During World War II he served as the Assistant Chief of Staff of IX Corps , and later in 1942 as Deputy Chief of Staff of the China - Burma - India Theater of Operations . From 1942 to 1943 Deputy Chief of Staff Allied Forces Headquarters before being assigned as Assistant Commanding General of the 1st Infantry Division . He took command of the 71st Infantry Division from 1944 to 1945 . During the Korean War he commanded the IX Corps , and after that assignment served as Commander in Chief , NATO Land Forces South - East Europe from 1952 to 1954 , followed by command of Sixth United States Army from 1954 to 1955 . His final assignment was Commander - in - Chief , U . S . Continental Command . He retired from the Army in 1958 . His awards and decorations include the Distinguished Service Cross , the Army Distinguished Service Medal with three oak leaf clusters , the Silver Star , the Legion of Merit , and the Bronze Star with " V " device . He died at Walter Reed Army Medical Center in Washington , D . C . on March 29 , 1969 , aged 71 , and was buried in Arlington National Cemetery . His wife Ethel Megginson Wyman ( 1896 – 1986 ) is buried next to him .
Battle of Castiglione ( 1706 ) The Battle of Castiglione took place on 8 September 1706 in the War of the Spanish Succession . A French army defeated a Hessian army besieging Castiglione delle Stiviere . The battle . Since May 1706 a French army of 48 , 000 under Louis d ' Aubusson de la Feuillade was besieging the Savoy capital Turin , while another army of 44 , 000 under Louis Joseph de Bourbon , duc de Vendôme barred the Austrians ' path from Lake Garda . However Vendôme was recalled to Flanders to restore order after the lost Battle of Ramillies , leaving command to the inexperienced Duke of Orléans . Eugene of Savoy exploited the situation and dashed to Turin , forcing Orléans to split his forces . He left 23 , 000 men under the Count of Médavy near the Adige in case allied reinforcements appeared from the other side of the Alps . In fact , a Hessian army under the Crown - Prince of Hessen - Kassel , the future King Frederick I of Sweden , crossed the Alps and besieged Castiglione . Here Médavy attacked and totally defeated the Hessians , inflicting a loss of 8 , 000 killed , wounded , and missing . Aftermath . This defeat was a setback for the Hessians , who had won the Battle of Turin the previous day and forced the French out of Milan and Savoy . Now , however , Médavy remained in control of Cremona and Mantua , blocking communications through the Alpine passes , and other French troops still occupied key towns in central Italy ; a link - up with the 8 , 000 Spanish troops in Naples was not impossible . The allies were divided over how to proceed . The maritime powers insisted on pursuing the fleeing French over the Alps and taking control of the French naval base of Toulon to force Louis XIV to make peace . Emperor Joseph I of Austria was determined to deal with Médavy first , to clear the way for the completion of his Italian plans , which were the permanent conquest of the Spanish possessions of Naples and Sicily . Louis XIV came to his aid . The French King was desperately short of troops and opened bilateral negotiations with Joseph for safe passage back to France for his remaining troops in Italy . Despite Anglo - Dutch protests , Joseph concluded the convention of Milan with France on 13 March 1707 , which permitted the army of Médavy to march unmolested back to France , opening the way to Southern Italy for the Austrian army of Count Wirich Philipp von Daun . He reached the Neapolitan frontier on 22 June , and two weeks later the Spanish troops there , cut of from reinforcements by sea or land , capitulated . The attack on Toulon materialized on 29 July but by now the French were prepared and strengthened , and the attack was a failure .
Étienne Heudelet de Bierre Étienne Heudelet de Bierre ( 12 November 1770 – 20 April 1857 ) joined the French army as a volunteer lieutenant in 1792 . A year later he became a staff officer for a number of generals before becoming Laurent Gouvion Saint - Cyr ' s chief of staff in 1795 . He fought under Jean Victor Marie Moreau in the 1796 campaign and fought at Kehl . He became a general officer in 1799 , leading his troops at the First and Second Battles of Zurich . In April 1800 he was a brigade commander in Jean Victor Tharreau ' s division in Moreau ' s army . In December of that year he fought at Hohenlinden under Michel Ney . In the 1805 campaign , Heudelet distinguished himself at Mariazell and Austerlitz while leading a III Corps brigade . Appointed general of division in December 1805 , he was put in command of a VII Corps division in May 1806 . In the War of the Fourth Coalition led his division at Jena , Kołoząb , Golymin , and Eylau . October 1808 found him in command of a VIII Corps division in Spain . His unit was soon transferred to the II Corps and fought in Nicolas Soult ' s invasion of Portugal at Oporto in 1809 . Heudelet briefly led II Corps in January 1810 before returning to the command of his division . He participated in André Masséna ' s invasion of Portugal , fighting at Bussaco in 1810 . His division was not engaged at Fuentes de Onoro and he was sent home soon afterward . In the 1812 campaign he commanded a reserve division in the X Corps . At the end of the lengthy Siege of Danzig he became an Allied prisoner in November 1813 . After first submitting to King Louis XVIII of France , Heudelet rejoined Napoleon during the Hundred Days and led a division on the Rhine front . After Waterloo he was placed on the inactive list and retired from the army in 1819 . Restored to favor after the July Revolution of 1830 , he became an inspector general of infantry until 1835 when he again went on the inactive list . He died in 1857 . HEUDELET is one of the names inscribed under the Arc de Triomphe , on Column 17 .