naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
521st Air Defense Group The 521st Air Defense Group is a disbanded United States Air Force organization . Its last assignment was with the 31st Air Division at Sioux City Municipal Airport , Iowa , where it was inactivated in 1955 . The group was originally activated as a support unit for the 310th Bombardment Group at the end of World War II in Italy and then redeployed to the Unitded States where it was inactivated in 1945 . The group was activated once again in 1953 , when ADC established it as the headquarters for a dispersed fighter - interceptor squadron and the medical , maintenance , and administrative squadrons supporting it . It was replaced in 1955 when ADC transferred its mission , equipment , and personnel to the 53d Fighter Group in a project that replaced air defense groups commanding fighter squadrons with fighter groups with distinguished records during World War II . History . World War II . The group was first activated as the 521st Air Service Group in a reorganization of Army Air Forces ( AAF ) support groups in which the AAF replaced Service Groups that included personnel from other branches of the Army and supported two combat groups with Air Service Groups including only Air Corps units . It was designed to support a single combat group . Its 947th Air Engineering Squadron provided maintenance that was beyond the capability of the combat group , its 771st Air Materiel Squadron handled all supply matters , and its Headquarters & Base Services Squadron provided other support . The group supported 310th Bombardment Group in Italy . The group returned to the US in 1945 and was inactivated . It was disbanded in 1948 . Cold War . The group was reconstituted , redesignated as the 521st Air Defense Group , and activated at Sioux City Municipal Airport in 1953 with responsibility for air defense of central Midwestern United States . It was assigned the 87th Fighter - Interceptor Squadron ( FIS ) , which was already stationed at Sioux City Airport , and flying World War II era North American F - 51 Mustang s as its operational component . The 87th FIS had been assigned directly to the 31st Air Division . The group replaced 79th Air Base Squadron as the host USAF unit at Sioux City Municipal Airport . It was assigned three squadron s to perform its support responsibilities . In the fall of 1953 the 87th FIS upgraded to radar equipped and HVAR rocket armed North American F - 86 Sabre jet aircraft and the 14th FIS , also flying " Sabres " , was activated as the group ' s second operational squadron . In November 1954 the 87th FIS moved to England and was reassigned . The 87th FIS was replaced the next month by the 519th FIS , another " Sabre " squadron . The group was inactivated and replaced by the 53d Fighter Group ( Air Defense ) in 1955 as part of Air Defense Command ' s Project Arrow , which was designed to bring back on the active list the fighter units which had compiled memorable records in the two world wars . Disbanded once again in 1984 . Lineage . Components . Operational Squadrons Support Units References . Bibliography . Further Reading
Sir Chaloner Ogle , 1st Baronet Sir Chaloner Ogle , 1st Baronet ( 1726 – 27 August 1816 ) was an officer of the Royal Navy . He served during the Seven Years ' War , American War of Independence , and the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars . Life . He was the son of Nathaniel Ogle of Kirkley Hall , Northumberland . As a naval officer he was commissioned a lieutenant on 19 November 1745 and then promoted to captain on 30 June 1756 . He served as captain of and then during the Seven Years ' War . He took a number of valuable prizes during his cruises , and received a knighthood in 1768 . From 1770 he commanded the 74 - gun during the Falklands Crisis , and then the 74 - gun from 1774 . He served under Admiral Sir George Rodney at the relief of Gibraltar in January 1780 , the Action of 8 January 1780 and the Battle of Cape St . Vincent . He was promoted to Rear - Admiral of the Blue on 26 September 1780 , Vice - Admiral of the Blue on 24 September 1787 , Vice - Admiral of the Red on 1 February 1793 , Admiral of the Blue on 12 April 1794 and Admiral of the Red in 1805 . In 1773 he acquired the manor of Kings Worthy , Hampshire and on 12 March 1816 was created 1st Baronet of Worthy in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom . Family . His sister Isabella married his cousin and namesake Admiral Sir Chaloner Ogle . Ogle himself married Hester Thomas , daughter of John Thomas , Bishop of Winchester , in 1761 . ( His brother Newton married her sister . ) He was succeeded in the Baronetcy by his son , Charles . Portraits . There is a different portrait of the Admiral Sir Chaloner Ogle of Worthy in the National Maritime Museum at Greenwich , dated 1780 . Another portrait of Sir Chaloner Ogle of Worthy by a follower of Joshua Reynolds was sold at Christie ' s auction house in 2009 , which bears the same likeness to the painting in the National Maritime Museum .
Task Force Tripoli Task Force Tripoli ( TFT ) was a United States Marine Corps air ground task force formed after the fall of Baghdad during the 2003 invasion of Iraq . They were commanded by Brigadier General John F . Kelly , then Assistant Division Commander of the 1st Marine Division , and its mission was to continue the attack north and secure the city of Tikrit . The unit was task organized on April 12 , 2003 in a staging area east of Baghdad and had secured Tikrit by April 15 . It is the first time that the Marine Corps had ever employed an entire LAV regiment and marked the farthest inland that Marine Forces had ever pushed . History . The task force was made up of units from the 1st , 2nd & 3rd Light Armored Reconnaissance Battalions , the 1st Marine Division jump Headquarters , Golf Company and a CAAT section from Weapons Company 2 / 23 , 5 / 11 , the DASC ( Fwd ) that had been supporting the Division , and a detachment from Combat Service Support Battalion - 10 . On April 13 , Task Force Marines rescued seven American Prisoners of War in Samarra . Five of the POWs were members of the 507th Maintenance Company that had been ambushed early in the war in An Nasiriyah and the other two were captured Apache pilots . Before securing the city , the Task Force destroyed five Iraqi tanks and killed at least 15 Iraqi soldiers on the outskirts of the town . The Marines of TFT began actively patrolling throughout the city of Tikrit and were relieved about a week later by the 4th Infantry Division . On May 2 , 2003 the task force was reestablished and began preparations to move down to the Iraqi - Saudi border and set into a screen line to prevent Wahabi infiltrators from moving north into Iraq . On May 3 , each LAR battalion independently left the 1st Marine Division ' s assembly area in Al Diwaniyah and moved out to their individual staging areas . On May 4 , the task force occupied the screen line just north of the border . On May 5 , the task force was recalled due to a lack of activity on the border and proceeded to return to Al Diwaniyah .
USS Corvina ( SS - 226 ) , a " Gato " - class submarine , was the only ship of the United States Navy to be named for the corvina , any of various important food fishes related to the weakfish and the croaker of the Atlantic coast . Her keel was laid down by the Electric Boat Company of Groton , Connecticut on 21 September 1942 . She was launched on 9 May 1943 ( sponsored by Mrs . R . W . Christie ) , and commissioned on 6 August 1943 with Commander Roderick S . Rooney ( Class of 1929 ) in command . Clearing New London , Connecticut , on 18 September 1943 , " Corvina " arrived at Pearl Harbor on 14 October . She put out from Pearl Harbor on her maiden war patrol 4 November , topped off her fuel tanks at Johnston Island two days later , and was never heard from again . Her assignment had been a dangerous one : to patrol as closely as possible to the heavily - guarded stronghold of Truk and to intercept any Japanese sortie endangering the forthcoming American invasion of the Gilbert Islands . Japanese records report that Japanese submarine I - 176 launched three torpedoes at an enemy submarine south of Truk 16 November , claiming two hits which resulted in the explosion of the target . If this was " Corvina " , she was the only American submarine to be sunk by a Japanese submarine in the entire war . Her loss with her crew of 82 was announced 14 March 1944 . See also List of U . S . Navy losses in World War II .
HMS Fox ( 1773 ) HMS " Fox " was a 28 - gun " Enterprise " - class sixth - rate frigate of the Royal Navy . The " Fox " was first commissioned in October 1775 under the command of Captain Patrick Fotheringham . Fate . The French frigate " Junon " captured " Fox " on 11 September 1778 . She ran aground in March 1779 on Pointe St Jacques on the Rhuys Peninsula and could not be refloated .
Count of the Saxon Shore The Count of the Saxon Shore for Britain ( ) was the head of the " Saxon Shore " military command of the later Roman Empire . The post was possibly created during the reign of Constantine I and was probably existent by AD 367 when Nectaridus is elliptically referred to as one by Ammianus . His remit covered the southern and eastern coasts of Roman Britain during a period of increasing maritime raids from barbarian tribes outside the empire . The Count was one of three commands covering Britain at the time , along with the northern " Dux Britanniarum " and central " Comes Britanniarum " . Originally , the command may have covered both sides of the English Channel as well as Britain ' s western coast , as Carausius had done but by the end of the 4th century the role had been diminished and Gaul had its own " dux tractus Amoricani " and " dux Belgicae Secundae " . In 367 , a series of invasions from Picts , Franks , Saxons , Scot s and Attacotti appears to have defeated the army of Britain and resulted in the death of Nectaridus . Under Count Theodosius ' reforms , the command was reorganised slightly . The 5th century " Notitia Dignitatum " lists the names of the Saxon Shore Forts from Norfolk to Hampshire that were under the Count ' s command . Further stations up the North Sea coast were probably also his responsibility . Forces he controlled were classified as limitanei , or frontier troops . In 401 many of his soldiers appear to have been withdrawn for the defence of Italy , likely rendering Britain much more vulnerable to attack .
Droungos Droungos ( Greek : , sometimes δρόγγος , " drongos " ) or drungus is a late Roman and Byzantine term for a battalion - sized military unit , and later for a local command guarding mountain districts . Its commander was a " " droungarios " " or " " drungarius " " ( δρουγγάριος ) , anglicized as " Drungary " . History and functions . The term " drungus " is first attested in Latin in the late 4th century AD . It derives from Gaulish * " dhrungho " ( see Old Irish " drong " ; Old Breton " drogn " or " drog " ) , meaning " tribe " , " group " , " throng " or " crowd " . An alternative Germanic etymology ( " thrunga " ) cited by some historians , originates in 17th - century guesswork which has been rejected by the overwhelming majority of philologists . The earliest usage of " drungus " in Latin is non - technical and similarly signifies a generic " band " or " troop " , which Vegetius equates to Latin " globus " . The term first occurs in Greek as " droungos " ( ) or " drongos " ( δρόγγος ) , with the same meaning , in the early 5th century . In the late 6th century , the Emperor Maurice ( r . 582 – 602 ) applies " droungos " to a specific tactical deployment , usually of cavalry , characterised as a compact non - linear grouping suited to outflanking tactics , ambushes and irregular operations . He is the first author to employ the cognate adverb " droungisti " ( Greek : δρουγγιστί ) , with the sense of " in group formation " or " small - group tactics " . Maurice also occasionally employs " droungos " as a generic expression for larger " groupings " or " formations " of troops , though in this sense he refers only to a " division " ( " meros " ) and never to a " brigade " ( " moira " ) with which " droungos " became associated in later sources . By the middle of the 7th century , this meaning had been superseded by a new meaning , which it held until the 11th century . The " droungos " , alternatively known as a " moira " ( μοίρα ) , was now formalized as a regular subdivision of a " tourma " , the chief subdivision of the new " themata " ( θέματα , singular : θέμα ) . In turn , each " droungos " was composed of several " banda " ( singular : " bandon " ) . Thus each " moira " or " droungos " was the analogue of a modern regiment or brigade , initially circa 1000 men strong ( and hence also referred to as a " chiliarch ia " ) . On occasion , it could rise to 3000 men , and Emperor Leo VI the Wise ( r . 886 – 912 ) is recorded as having established " droungoi " of only 400 men for the new smaller themes created during his reign . From the late 12th century onwards , the term " droungos " was applied to mountainous areas in Greece , and was associated with the meaning of " pass " or " mountain range " ( " zygos " ) . In the 13th century , it also came to designate the military units detailed to guard these locations , similar to the earlier " kleisourai " .
XIII Corps ( United States ) Activated on 7 December 1942 in Providence , Rhode Island , the XIII Corps fought for 180 days in the European Theater of Operations , fighting from the Netherlands to the Elbe River . It was first activated under the command of then - Major General Emil F . Reinhardt , but would be commanded in combat by Major General ( later Lieutenant General ) Alvan C . Gillem , Jr . as a subordinate unit to Ninth U . S . Army , it under the command of the Allied 21st Army Group . In November 1944 , the XIII Corps pierced the Siegfried Line and pushed to the Roer River . On 23 February 1945 , the corps routed Third Reich forces in the Cologne Plain and made a dash for the Rhine River on 31 March of that year . In 180 days of combat , the corps had progressed as far as the Elbe River to the vicinity of Tangermunde , bringing it to approximately 50 miles from Berlin , the closest American forces would come to the enemy capital before V - E Day . In total , the corps fought across more than 300 miles of enemy territory and captured more than 247 , 000 prisoners , as well as taking key cities , such as Viersen , Krefeld , Moers , Homburg , Münster , and Hannover . In the month following V - E Day , units from the corps were redeployed . Corps headquarters would eventually find its way to Camp Cooke , California , where on 25 September 1945 , XIII Corps was inactivated . Order of battle . During operations in Europe the corps major units included : Other units included : the 3rd and 92nd Chemical Mortar Battalions , 226th Searchlight Battalion , the 135th AAA Gun Battalion , the 556th AAA Automatic Weapons Battalion , the 125th Liaison Squadron ( flying Cubs and L - 5s ) , 21st Weather Squadron , 40th Mobile Communications Squadron , 669th Engineer Topographical Company ( Corps ) , 3258th Signal Services Company , 232nd Army Postal Unit , 213th Counter - intelligence Corps Detachment , the 167th and 168th Signal Photo Companies , 1st platoon / 278th Signal Pigeon Company , the 184th Medical Battalion ( with the 446th and 448th Medical Collecting Companies and the 625th Medical Clearing Company ) , the 80tih Quartermaster Battalion ( 663rd and 648th Quartermaster Track Companies ) , the 866th Quartermaster Fumigation and Bath Company , the 102nd , 103rd and 104th Interrogation of Prisoners of War teams , the 457th and 458th Military Intelligence Interpreters teams , the 46th Order of Battle team and the 70th and 101st Photo Interpretation teams . The corps officially met with the Soviet troops in Gartow where General Gillem met with Lieutenant General Oslikowski of the 3rd Cavalry Corps of the Red Army .
2S25 Sprut - SD The 2S25 Sprut - SD is a self - propelled tank destroyer or light tank , built on the BMD - 3 chassis . Designed for use by the Russia VDV airborne force s it is light and highly mobile . Development . The 125 mm 2S25 self - propelled anti - tank gun was developed by the Volgograd Tractor Plant Joint Stock Company to meet the requirements of the Russian Air Assault Divisions . According to the manufacturer , the 2S25 can also be employed as a light amphibious tank by rapid deployment force s , airborne , marine and special purpose units . In mid - 2001 , it was stated that the Volgograd Tractor Plant had been working on the 2S25 for about seven years . It was also stated that the 2S25 , which is also referred to as the SPRUT - SD , could operate in the water and still be able to fire its 125 mm gun while afloat . It can also operate in altitudes of up to 3 , 000 m . The Volgograd Tractor Plant designed and manufactured the BMD - 1 , BMD - 2 , BMD - 3 and latest BMD - 4 airborne combat vehicle s that are used by the Russian Air Assault Divisions . Recent information has indicated that production of the BMD - 4 airborne combat vehicle has been transferred to the Kurgan Machine Construction Plant where production of the BMP - 3 infantry fighting vehicle and its variants is currently undertaken for the home and export markets . As far as it is known , production of the 2S25 self - propelled anti - tank gun is still being carried out at the Volgograd Tractor plant . The 2S25 is designed to be parachuted with the crew inside , allowing nearly immediate combat readiness upon landing . Each crewmember has their own day / night sight and the engine provides some 500HP . Republic of Korea and Indian military have expressed interest in acquiring the Sprut " Octopus " 2S25 . Protection . The hull and turret of the 2S25 self - propelled anti - tank gun is of all - welded aluminum armour without a composite skin . The vehicle is constructed with the crew compartment at the front , turret and fighting compartment in the center and power pack at the rear . Through the frontal arc of 40° left and right the armour provides protection against attack from 23 mm weapons at 500 m and through the remainder of the vehicle against attack from 7 . 62 mm firearms .
Charles Ludlow Charles Ludlow ( about 1790 – 20 October 1839 ) was an officer in the United States Navy during the War of 1812 . He served as a Lieutenant in " Vixen " and in " Constitution " in the Mediterranean during 1807 . Captain Ludlow was in " President " immediately prior to the War of 1812 . He died at New Windsor , New York .
5th Panzer Division ( Bundeswehr ) The 5th Armoured Division ( " 5 . Panzer - Division " ) was a West German armored formation . It was part of the III Corps of the Bundeswehr , which also incorporated in 1985 the 2nd Panzergrenadier Division and 12th Panzer Division . III Corps was part of NATO ' s Central Army Group ( CENTAG ) , along with the Bundeswehr ' s II Corps and the American V and VII Corps . Headquarters in 1985 was at Diez / Lahn , with subordinate brigades at Wetzlar ( 13th PG Bde ) , Neustadt / Marburg ( 6th Panzer Brigade ) and Koblenz ( 15th Panzergrenadier Brigade ) . It played a major role in the defense of West Germany from the Soviet Union during the Cold War . The division was constituted on October 1 , 1956 as part of the III Corps of the Bundeswehr . In 1985 , the corps also received the 2nd Panzergrenadier Division and 12th Panzer Division . Subordinated to NATO ' s Central Army Group , the III Corps defended the " zone of vital defense " of NATO , at the side of the II Corps of the German Army and the U . S . Army ' s V and VII Corps . Following the Soviet Union ' s fall , the US VII Corps was withdrawn and two combined US / German corps were created in the former CENTAG area . As part of this arrangement , 5th Armoured Division was administratively placed under the V Corps ( United States ) for main defence purposes . This meant that if an attack from the East was anticipated , the division would fall under U . S . control . Meanwhile an American division would likewise fall under control of the German II or III Corps . The 5th Panzer sent some of their units to Yugoslavia in 1990 . German budget constraints meant that the 5th Panzer Division had to be indefinitely disbanded on June 30 , 2001 .
Demobilization Demobilization or demobilisation ( see spelling differences ) is the process of standing down a nation ' s armed forces from combat - ready status . This may be as a result of victory in war , or because a crisis has been peacefully resolved and military force will not be necessary . The opposite of demobilization is mobilization . Forceful demobilization of a defeated enemy is called demilitarization . In the final days of World War II , for example , the United States Armed Forces developed a demobilization plan which would discharge soldiers on the basis of a point system that favoured length and certain types of service . The British armed forces were demobilised according to an ' age - and - service ' scheme . The phrase " demob happy " refers to demobilization and is broadly applied to the feeling of relief at imminent release from a time - serving burden , such as a career . In the Russian language it is known as " dembel " and has become a certain tradition in the Soviet and post - Soviet Armed Forces . A United States equivalent is " short - timer ' s disease " , comparable to " senioritis " among United States high - school students .
National Development Complex The National Development Complex ( N . D . C . ) , is an aerospace and defense agency of the Ministry of Defence of Government of Pakistan , located in Fateh Jang , Punjab Province of Pakistan . The NDC was founded in 1990 by the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission ( PAEC ) chairman , Mr . Munir Ahmad Khan , when PAEC ' s Director for Special Development Works ( SDW ) was morphed into the National Development Complex . Dr . Samar Mubarakmand was appointed as its first Director who later became its Director - General . While the project was initiated by Benazir Bhutto , who strongly advocated for the establishment , the NDC was completed in 1993 by Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif , and the Shaheen Missile System program was assigned to the NDC in 1995 . The development of missile program , under the codename Integrated Missile Research and Development Programme ( IMRDP ) , was first started at the NDC to developed the solid - fuel rockets and missile systems . The Missile components from these various facilities are brought to the NDC for final integration . The NDC operates under NESCOM whose engineers also took participation in the projects . NDC is also involved in Artillery and Armour Automation . Two major project being developed by NDC are Integrated Battle Field Management System IBMS and Artillery Fire Control System AFCS .