naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
USS Satterlee ( DD - 626 ) USS " Satterlee " ( DD - 626 ) was a " Gleaves " - class destroyer in the United States Navy during World War II . She the second Navy ship named for United States Coast Guard Captain Charles Satterlee . " Satterlee " was laid down on 10 September 1941 by the Seattle - Tacoma Shipbuilding Corp . , Seattle , Washington ; launched on 17 July 1942 ; sponsored by Miss Rebecca E . Satterlee , niece of Capt . Satterlee ; and commissioned on 1 July 1943 , Lieutenant Commander Joseph F . Witherow , Jr . , in command . " Satterlee " escorted the British aircraft carrier , HMS " Victorious " , from the Western Seaboard to the Atlantic coast , where the new destroyer joined the U . S . Atlantic Fleet on 26 August 1943 . After two convoy escort voyages to Casablanca , and training out of Casco Bay , Maine , she escorted the battleship s " Texas " ( BB - 35 ) and " Arkansas " ( BB - 33 ) to Belfast , Northern Ireland , in April 1944 . In the first week of May 1944 , " Satterlee " underwent training for a special mission assigned to her for the Normandy landings . She was to support a crack unit of 200 Army rangers in eliminating a German gun battery at Pointe du Hoc which commanded the Omaha landing beaches . After escorting minesweeper s to the beach area on the night of 5 and 6 June , she commenced pre - arranged fire on Pointe du Hoc at 05 : 48 , 6 June . As the rangers landed , she broke up enemy units attempting to oppose them from the top of the cliff . Although the rangers found that the battery ' s guns had been removed before the landings , German resistance was stiff , and " Satterlee " provided gunfire support for the rest of the day . " Satterlee " remained off the Normandy beaches for the next forty days , and then joined the invasion force which arrived off Saint - Tropez , southern France , on 15 August 1944 . Here she helped repel a night attack of five German motor torpedo boat s , sinking one from which she rescued 12 survivors . " Satterlee " returned to the east coast in October 1944 for training at Casco Bay . In January and February 1945 , she escorted " Quincy " ( CA - 71 ) , with President Franklin D . Roosevelt embarked , on the Norfolk – Bermuda portion of his trip to and from the Yalta Conference . She next sailed for the Pacific , arriving at Pearl Harbor on 16 May 1945 for duty as a gunnery school ship . She also provided escort for " Saratoga " , " Hancock " , and " Wasp " during night and day flight operations off Hawaii . On 4 July , " Satterlee " left Pearl Harbor and commenced air - sea rescue patrol duty between Saipan and Okinawa and performed this duty for the rest of the war and the initial months of the occupation . On 9 November , she began her trip back to the United States for inactivation . " Satterlee " was decommissioned on 16 March 1946 and placed in reserve at Charleston , S . C . She was struck from the Navy list on 1 December 1970 . " Satterlee " received two battle star s for her World War II service . A young Henry Fonda also served on the ship .
819th Bombardment Squadron The 819th Bombardment Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . Its last assignment was with the 30th Bombardment Group , based at Kahuku Army Airfield , Hawaii Territory . It was inactivated on 30 November 1945 . History . Organized in early 1941 as 39th Bombardment Squadron , a First Air Force medium bombardment squadron equipped with B - 25 Mitchell s . After the United States entered World War II the group was ordered to search for German U - Boat s and to fly aerial coverage of friendly convoys off the east coast . Redesignated 3d Antisubmarine Squadron and requipped with B - 18 Bolo s , deployed first to Savannah AAB , Georgia to patrol southeast coast , then to airfields in the northeast to patrol shipping lanes in the New York and Boston area as part of 25th Antisubmarine Wing . With inactivation of the Army Air Forces Antisubmarine Command in fall , 1943 , redesignated as 819th Bombardment Squadron the squadron deployed first to California and trained as B - 24 Liberator heavy bombardment squadron , being assigned to the , 30th Bombardment Group as a replacement unit for the 21st Bombardment Squadron that had been sent to Alaska . Then deployed to Hawaii as part of Seventh Air Force . Remained in Hawaii after the 30th Bomb Group deployed to the Central Pacific for defense of the islands , flying antisubmarine patrols and processed new crews and airplanes for the 30th Bomb Group that were later dispatched to combat areas . Deployed to Saipan in August 1944 , and conducted intensive bombing strikes against airfields and shipping at Bonin and Volcano Islands , Iwo Jima , ChiChi Jima , and Yap . Its final bombing mission was at Iwo Jima on February 19 , 1945 , the same day three Marine divisions invaded the island . In March 1945 , the 819th returned to Hawaii on the popular but mistaken rumor that it was to be reequipped with B - 32 Dominator s . Instead , many of the crews and planes were reassigned to the 11th Bombardment Group and subsequently served with it . The remaining elements waited out the war conducting training sorties and routine patrols . Inactivated on 30 November 1945 .
Légion Belge ( resistance ) The Belgian Legion ( ) was a group of the Belgian resistance during World War II and one of the predecessors of the " Armée Secrète " . History . The was established by Belgian army officers and originally led by Charles Claser . In July 1941 another resistance group , the " Armée Belge Reconstituée " ( ABR ) joined the organization and took its name . The group experienced a recruitment boom in October 1942 when number of people conscripted by the Germans for forced labour rose . Between 1941 and 1942 , the group tried to establish contact with the Government in Exile and SOE in London but the support and resources promised to the " Légion " were not forthcoming . Many members of the group had a far - right political ideology and included the notable fascist Paul Hoornaert who was arrested by the Germans for his involvement with the group and members of his " National Legion " . It included a number of Rexists who , although fascist by inclination , supported an independent fascist Belgium under the rule of Leopold III , rather than a German - occupied satellite state . The organization received all its funding from private sources in occupied Belgium . In 1943 , the group changed its name to the " Armée de Belgique " . Eventually , it would become the " Armée secrète " in 1944 .
Wacław Lipiński Wacław Lipiński ( 1896 - 1949 ) was a Polish historian , military officer and resistance fighter , lieutenant colonel in the Polish Army of the Second Polish Republic , recipient of Polish highest military decoration , the Order of Virtuti Militari . Life . Born on 28 September 1896 in Łódź , Lipiński became active in underground , patriotic , pro - independence Polish movements of the partition period . He started out in the scouting movement ( 1911 ) , and joined the paramilitary Polish Rifle Squads ( 1912 ) . He was a member of the Polish Legions in World War I , where he fought in the battles of Łowczówek , Konary and battle of Kostiuchnówk . Then joined the precursor of the Polish intelligence , the Polish Military Organisation . In 1918 the joined the regular Polish Army , and fought in the Polish - Ukrainian War ( battle of Lwów ) and then in the Polish - Soviet War ( 1919 - 1921 ) , taking part in the Vilna offensive . In the interwar period , in 1927 , he was promoted to major . That year he joined the newly founded Military Bureau of History ( " Wojskowe Biuro Historyczne " ) . In 1932 he becomes a chief editor of a publication ( " Niepodległość " ) of the Józef Piłsudski Institute for Research in Modern History of Poland , and in 1936 , a director of the Institute . From 1937 he lectured on the modern history of Poland at the University of Lwów . Promoted to lieutenant colonel and retired in January 1939 . After the German and Soviet invasions in September 1939 , he was first attached to the Bureau of Propaganda at the Polish HQ , and then to the Propaganda Department in Warsaw , during the siege of Warsaw . He was one of the top Polish commanders during that siege , working closely with Walerian Czuma and Stefan Starzyński . He issued daily radio speeches to the citizens of Warsaw . Avoiding arrest after Germans captured Warsaw , he and his family escaped , first to Zakopane later that year , and next year , to Hungary . Due to conflict between former followers of Józef Piłsudski ( such as Lipiński ) and followers of Władysław Sikorski , he was unable to join the Polish Army in the West . Instead , he became active in the Piłsudskiite Polish resistance . In 1942 he returned to occupied Poland , founding the Konwent Organizacji Niepodległościowych . In 1944 he was arrested by the Nazis . After Nazi Germans were pushed back by the Soviets , he joined the anti - Soviet resistance . Founder of the Stronnictwo Niezawisłości Narodowej and Komitet Porozumiewawczy Organizacji Demokratycznych Polski Podziemnej . He was eventually arrested by the communist secret police ( Urząd Bezpieczeństwa ) on 7 January 1947 . Sentenced to death in a staged trial in 1948 , the sentence was changed to life sentence , he died in Wronki prison on 4 April 1949 .
Deutsche Verkehrsfliegerschule The Deutsche Verkehrsfliegerschule ( DVS ) , German Air Transport School , was a covert military - training organization operating as a flying school in Germany . It began during the Weimar Republic in Staaken , Berlin in 1925 and its head office was transferred in 1929 to Broitzem airfield near Braunschweig . The DVS was outwardly a flying school for commercial pilots , but in fact became a secret military arm training military aviators for the future Luftwaffe . This training facility grew in importance in the initial stages of the Nazi Regime , while camouflaging as a harmless civilian organization " ( Tarnorganisation ) " , at the time of Germany ' s rearmament in violation of the Versailles Treaty . On May 31 , 1945 , after Nazi Germany ' s defeat in World War II , the American Military Government issued a special law outlawing the Nazi party and all of its branches . Known as " Law number five " , this Denazification decree disbanded the Deutsche Verkehrsfliegschule and its facilities were taken over by the occupying forces . Nowadays there are some flying schools in Germany operating under the same name in different locations in the country . All these were established in the postwar years .
William J . Archinal William J . Archinal ( June 3 , 1840 – May 10 , 1919 ) was an American Civil War Union Army soldier who received the Medal of Honor for his actions at the Battle of Vicksburg . Biography . Archinal enlisted in the 30th Ohio Volunteer Infantry in August 1861 , becoming a Corporal in Company I . On May 22 , 1863 , during the campaign to capture Vicksburg , Mississippi , he participated in an assault on Confederate positions that was considered a " forlorn hope " , meaning the soldiers taking part in it would have little chance of surviving . Corporal Archinal was indeed one of a relatively small number of men to escape alive . Fifty - three of the survivors were eventually awarded the Medal of Honor for their participation , including Archinal and eight other members of the 30th Ohio . Archinal ' s Medal was issued on July 10 , 1894 , and the citation is below . William Archinal died at age 78 and was buried in Riverview Cemetery , Trenton , New Jersey . His grave can be found in section W , Lot 126 . In November 2005 a government issue Medal of Honor marker was installed at his gravesite . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Corporal , Company I , 30th Ohio Infantry . Place and date : At Vicksburg , Miss . , May 22 , 1863 . Entered service at : - - - - - - . Birth : Germany . Date of issue : July 10 , 1894 . Citation : Gallantry in the charge of the " volunteer storming party . "
104th Wellesley ' s Rifles The 104th Wellesley ' s Rifles were an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army . They could trace their origins to 1775 , when they were raised as the 5th Battalion , Bombay Sepoys . The regiments first action was during the Mysore Campaign in the Third Anglo - Mysore War . This was followed by their participation in the Battle of Seringapatam in the Fourth Anglo - Mysore War . They were next called to serve in the Beni Boo Ali campaign in 1821 , against the pirates in Eastern Arabia and the Persian Gulf region . Returning to India they took part in the Siege of Multan during the Second Anglo - Sikh War . They were next involved in the Anglo - Persian War in 1856 , followed the next year by the Indian Rebellion of 1857 taking part in the Central India Campaign . Twenty years were to pass until their next action in the Battle of Kandahar during the Second Afghan War . They were also in East Africa during the Sudan Campaign . During World War I they were in the 6th ( Poona ) Division during the Mesopotamia Campaign . After a string of early successes particularly during the Battle of Es Sinn , the 6th Division was defeated at the Battle of Ctesiphon in November 1915 . Following this engagement , the division withdrew to Kut and Siege of Kut began . After a lengthy siege all they surrendered in April 1916 . After World War I the Indian government reformed the army moving from single battalion regiments to multi battalion regiments . In 1922 , the 104th Wellesley ' s Rifles became the 1st Battalion 6th Rajputana Rifles . After independence they were one of the regiments allocated to the Indian Army .
German submarine U - 517 German submarine " U - 517 " was a Type IXC U - boat of the Nazi Germany ' s navy ( " Kriegsmarine " ) during World War II . She was laid down at the " Deutsche Werft " in Hamburg as " Werk " 313 on 24 September 1940 , launched on 30 December 1941 and commissioned on 21 March 1942 with " Kapitänleutnant " Paul Hartwig in command . " U - 517 " began her service career with training as part of the 4th U - boat Flotilla from 21 March 1942 . She was re - assigned to the 10th flotilla for operations on 1 September . She carried out two patrols and sank eight ships . She was sunk by British carrier aircraft in November 1942 . Operational career . 1st patrol . The boat departed Kiel on 8 August 1942 , moved through the North Sea and negotiated the ' gap ' between Iceland and the Faroe Islands . She crossed the Atlantic Ocean and attacked Allied shipping in the area of the Gulf of St . Lawrence . One of her early victims was the " Arlyn " . This ship had already been torpedo ed by " U - 165 " . U - 517 finished her off on 28 August 1942 . She also sank the " Donald Stewart " on 3 September 1942 northeast of Cape Whittle . The Canadian escort tried to ram , but the distance between the two vessels was too great . " U - 517 " then evaded a depth charge pattern . A few hours later , she was attacked by a Digby aircraft of No . 10 Squadron RCAF ; but the depth charges detonated prematurely , causing more damage to the aircraft than to the U - boat . The submarine subsequently sank the Canadian corvette about off Cap - Chat on 11 September . " U - 517 " docked at Lorient in occupied France on 19 October 1942 . 2nd patrol and loss . The boat departed Lorient on 17 November 1942 and sailed west . She was hardly out of the Bay of Biscay when she was sunk by Fairey Albacore s of 817 Naval Air Squadron from the aircraft carrier . One man died ; there were 52 survivors .
Mehmet Vasıf Pasha Gürcü Mehmet Vasıf Pasa Gürcü ( d . 1865 ) was an Ottoman field - marshal ( müşir ) and administrator of Georgian descent . According to the memoirs of the Russian general Nikolay Muravyov , Vasıf was a Georgian from the Guria province , born in the village Chokhlati and originally surnamed Gudjabidze . He was sold as a slave at the age of 12 to Reşid Mehmed Pasha in Istanbul . The 19th - century Ottoman chronicler Mehmed Süreyya also records his Georgian origins . Rising through the ranks , Mehmet Vasıf became a " ferik " in 1830 or 1831 . He then served , from the 1830s through the 1850s , as governor ( wali ) of Niş , Salonica , Vidin , Arabistan , and Trabzon . From the 1830s to the 1850s , Mehmet Vasıf Pasha was as a ( governor ) of Serbia , commander of the army in Arabistan and commander - in - chief in Anatolia . In 1855 , he , as a commander - in - chief in Anatolia , was aided by the British officer William Williams , who effectively led the Turkish defense of Kars against the Russian forces in the Crimean War .
Thomas Dagworth Sir Thomas Dagworth ( 1276 in Bradwell Juxta Coggeshall in Essex — 1352 ) was an English knight and soldier , who led English armies in Brittany during the Hundred Years ' War . In 1346 he led a small English force in Brittany in support of John de Montfort ' s claim on the dukedom . De Montfort was backed by the English throne , whereas his rival , Charles of Blois was backed by the French . On 9 June , Dagworth ' s force was attacked by Charles ' much larger army at Saint - Pol - de - Léon . Though almost surrounded , the longbowmen won the day for the English . The next year , on 20 June , he claimed an even more famous victory at la Roche - Derrien , where Charles of Blois was captured . He was summoned to the Parliament of England in 1347 as Baron Dagworth . He was killed in an ambush in 1352 by Bretons unhappy with the English presence . Sir Thomas came from Bradwell Juxta Coggeshall in Essex . In 1343 he had married Eleanor de Bohun , Countess of Ormonde , the daughter of Humphrey de Bohun , 4th Earl of Hereford and Elizabeth Plantagenet , King Edward II ' s sister .
4th Regiment South Carolina Volunteer Infantry ( African Descent ) The 4th Regiment South Carolina Volunteer Infantry ( African Descent ) was an African - American infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The 4th South Carolina Infantry was organized at Fernandina , Florida and mustered into Federal service in July 1863 . The regiment was consolidated with 3rd South Carolina to form the 21st United States Colored Infantry Regiment on March 14 , 1864 .
RAF Carew Cheriton RAF Carew Cheriton was a Royal Air Force airfield of Coastal and Training Command near Carew , Pembrokeshire . It was sited 4 . 7 miles north west of Tenby . It was built on the site of RNAS Pembroke ( aka RNAS Milton ) from the First World War , which had been decommissioned and sold off in the inter war years . History . First World War . Royal Naval Air Station Pembroke or Milton as it was known then opened in August 1915 . The base operated SS - class ( Submarine Scout or Sea Scout ) , SSZ - class ( Sea Scout Zero ) and C - class ( Coastal - class or ' Coastals ' ) blimps which operated over the Irish Sea , Bristol Channel and Western Approaches on anti - submarine patrols . In April 1917 the base began operating Sopwith 1½ Strutter and Airco D . H . 6 biplanes . Royal Naval Air Station Pembroke closed in March 1920 . Second World War . Carew Cheriton was recommissioned in 1938 , initially with grass runways . From the early 1940s there were three concrete runways , making the station a Class A airfield . The airfield was used as a support station for the flying boat operations at RAF Pembroke Dock . Operational flying ceased in 1942 . On 15 April 1941 12 airmen were killed in a Luftwaffe air raid which hit the station ' s sickbay . In 1942 the station became No . 10 Radio School , a training camp for aircrew wireless operators . RAF Carew Cheriton closed in 1945 . Postwar . The base was used as an emergency landing site on two occasions after its closure . A de Havilland Vampire FB . 5 from Anglesey made a successful emergency landing on the old runway after experiencing mechanical problems . A Bristol Beaufighter in a separate incident also attempted an emergency landing but sadly crashed short of the runway with no survivors . Current use . The site is no longer used as an airfield though much remains including the runway and the Second World War control tower ( adjacent to the Carew Cheriton Showground ) has been restored by the Carew Cheriton Control Tower Group , and turned into a museum which is open to the public . The airfield is also used for various events and activates including car boot sales , auctions and part of the airfield has been converted for use as a go - cart track . Other Information . In 1962 Airfix released a 1 / 72 scale plastic model kit of Avro Anson Mk . I RAF serial : N9742 , squadron code : MW - Y of No . 321 ( Dutch ) Squadron RAF which was stationed at RAF Carew Cheriton August – November 1940 . It has been rereleased several times since .
Adolf Ehrnrooth Adolf Erik Ehrnrooth ( 9 February 1905 , Helsinki – 26 February 2004 ) was a Finnish general who served during the Winter and Continuation wars . Early life . Born in Helsinki , Ehrnrooth entered cadet school in 1922 and served in the Uusimaa Dragoon Regiment ( " Uudenmaan Rakuunarykmentti " ) . In 1958 he married a Danish countess Karin - Birgitte Schack who was a lady - in - waiting and a close friend of Queen Ingrid of Denmark . They had three children : Karin , Hans and Eva . Military career . During the brief Winter War against Russia , he served on the staffs of the 7th Division and the Cavalry Brigade . When the Continuation War , also against Russia , broke out in June 1941 , he served as the chief of staff of the 2nd Division until he was seriously wounded . After he recovered he was appointed to lead the 7th Infantry regiment ( JR 7 ) of the 2nd Division . During the battles on the Karelian Isthmus , he was awarded the Mannerheim cross . After the war , he led an active military career until he retired in 1965 . Later life . Adolf Ehrnrooth was the face and voice most associated with rehabilitation of the soldiers who secured Finland her independence . The long post - war era during which it simply was not progressive to value the military ended in the early 1990s , at which time his charismatic persona was at its height . He became a figurehead for the whole veteran community — straight - talking and unapologetic . When he found out that many nationalist youths cited him as an idol , he blasted them squarely by saying that he might have in his own youth held nationalistic views , but that Finland ' s path was now in the European Union , a view the nationalists did not hold . Voice impressionists have found his idiosyncratically emphasized speech patterns and overheavily guttural snarls a rich ground to harvest . For them he is one of the indispensable voices . In his last statement he gave support to ProKarelia ( Finnish NGO ) and its plan for the Return of Ceded Territories . He said that he defended the borders of Finland declared in the Treaty of Tartu and considered them the only proper borders of Finland and that it was great injustice that the Soviet Union had taken these territories . General Ehrnrooth died on 26 February 2004 , and is buried in Hietaniemi cemetery , Helsinki . He was voted as the 4th greatest Finn of all time by the Finnish public during the Suuret suomalaiset ( Great Finns ) competition in 2004 .