naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Americus V . Rice Americus Vespucius Rice ( November 18 , 1835 – April 4 , 1904 ) was a nineteenth - century politician , banker , and businessman from Ohio . He served in the Union Army during the American Civil War and was promoted to brigadier general at the end of the war . Early life . Rice was born in Perrysville , Ohio on November 18 , 1835 to Clark Hammond Rice and Catherine ( Mowers ) Rice . He pursued in classical studies , attended Antioch College , graduated from Union College and studied law . Civil War . At the outbreak of the Civil War , Rice was commissioned as a captain in the 21st Ohio Volunteer Infantry Regiment on April 27 , 1861 , eventually rising to brigadier general in 1865 . As colonel of the 57th Ohio Infantry at the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain in the Atlanta Campaign , he was wounded and his right leg was amputated . Postbellum career . After the close of the war , Rice was manager of a private banking house in Ottawa , Ohio , was a delegate to the Democratic National Convention in 1872 and was elected a Democrat to the United States House of Representatives in 1874 , serving from 1875 to 1879 , not being a candidate for renomination in 1878 . There , he served as chairman of the Committee on Invalid Pensions from 1877 to 1879 . Afterward , he was president of A . V . Rice & Company , a banking concern in Ottawa , Ohio , was a director in various business enterprises and was appointed a pension agent for Ohio in 1893 , serving from 1894 to 1898 . Rice moved to Washington , D . C . , in 1899 and engaged in banking and other various enterprises and was appointed a purchasing agent for the United States Census Bureau which he served as until his death in Washington , D . C . He was interred in Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington , Virginia . Genealogy . Americus Vespucius Rice was a direct descendant of Edmund Rice , an English immigrant to Massachusetts Bay Colony , as follows :
Battle of Fair Oaks & Darbytown Road The Battle of Fair Oaks & Darbytown Road ( also known as the Second Battle of Fair Oaks ) was fought October 27 – 28 , 1864 , in Henrico County , Virginia , as part of the Richmond - Petersburg Campaign of the American Civil War . In combination with movements against the Boydton Plank Road at Petersburg , Maj . Gen . Benjamin Butler attacked the Richmond defenses along Darbytown Road with the X Corps . The XVIII Corps marched north to Fair Oaks where it was soundly repulsed by Maj . Gen . Charles W . Field ' s Confederate division . Confederate forces counterattacked , taking some 600 prisoners . The Richmond defenses remained intact . Of Lt . Gen . Ulysses S . Grant ' s offensives north of the James River , this was repulsed most easily . Union casualties were 1 , 603 , Confederates fewer than 100 .
Yazid ibn Asid ibn Zafir al - Sulami Yazid ibn Asid ibn Zafir al - Sulami or Yazid ibn Usayd ibn Zafir al - Sulami was an Arab general and governor in the service of the early Abbasid Caliphate . He was active mostly in the Caliphate ' s northwestern frontier region , serving as governor of " Arminiya " and the Jazira and fighting against the Byzantine Empire and the Khazars . Biography . Yazid was a member of the Banu Sulaym tribe , which had participated in the Muslim conquest of Armenia and been settled by the caliphs in the western Armenian borderlands with the Byzantine Empire . Yazid ' s father , Asid ( or Usayd ) ibn Zafir al - Sulami , had been a general in the service of the Umayyads , and served under the last Umayyad caliph , Marwan ibn Muhammad , and his father , Muhammad ibn Marwan , in their campaigns in the region . Al - Baladhuri further reports that his mother was a Christian , the daughter of the " Patrician of Siwnik " , who had been taken captive during Muhammad ibn Marwan ' s campaigns . Despite his close ties to the Umayyads , Yazid became a close and trusted advisor to the Abbasid prince Abu Ja ' far , the future Caliph al - Mansur ( r . 754 – 775 ) , during the early years of the Abbasid regime . Yazid hence served thrice as governor of " Arminiya " ( a huge province encompassing most of Arab - controlled Transcaucasia ) , in 752 – 754 , 759 – 770 , and 775 – 780 . Under al - Mansur , he also served concurrently as governor of Mosul ( and apparently of the entire Jazira ) . As governor of the Caliphate ' s Caucasian provinces , Yazid played a central role in the brief recurrence of conflict with the Khazar Khaganate , the Caliphate ' s northern neighbour : in 759 or 760 , in an effort to improve relations with the Khazars , al - Mansur ordered him to marry a daughter of the Khazar " khagan " . Baghatur gladly accepted and sent her south with a large and rich escort , as well as 100 , 000 " dirham s " as her dowry . The marriage indeed took place , but after two years the princess and her two children suddenly died , and the " khagan " suspected that she had been poisoned . As a retaliation , he launched devastating raids south of the Caucasus in 762 – 764 : under the leadership of a Khwarezm ian " tarkhan " named Ras , the Khazars devastated Caucasian Albania , Armenia , and Iberia , where they captured Tiflis . Yazid himself managed to escape capture , but the Khazars returned north with thousands of captives and much booty . Yazid also campaigned with distinction against the Byzantines , recovering the city of Theodosiopolis / Qaliqala , which had been captured by the Byzantine emperor Constantine V , in the 750s , and leading summer raids into Asia Minor in 772 , 774 and 779 . Nothing is known of him after 779 / 780 , but his family remained influential in their homelands until the end of the 9th century , and his sons , Khalid and Ahmad , also served as governors in Armenia , as did his grandson Abdallah ibn Ahmad al - Sulami .
Buffalo and Erie County Naval & Military Park The Buffalo and Erie County Naval & Military Park , formerly known as The Buffalo Naval and Servicemen ' s Park , is a museum on the shore of Lake Erie in Buffalo , New York . It is home to several decommissioned US Naval vessels , including the " Cleveland " - class cruiser , the " Fletcher " - class destroyer , and the submarine . All three are open to the public for tours . History . The construction of the Buffalo Naval and Servicemen ' s Park ( later named the Buffalo and Erie County Naval & Military Park ) started in 1977 . The park was opened to the public on July 4 , 1979 . The " Cleveland " - class cruiser , the " Fletcher " - class destroyer were part of the original display . In 1988 the " Gato " - class submarine was added . In 1989 the " Croaker " underwent a refit . The Park has gone through a few major changes in recent years . In 2003 the ships were moved slightly to the foot of Pearl and Main streets . A new synergy has come to Buffalo ' s Waterfront , known as Canalside , and the Naval Park abuts the historic Commercial Slip . New structures were added including a new museum , and the new Liberty Hound restaurant opened in the summer of 2012 . Displays . Along with the ships , there are a variety of smaller vehicles , vessels , and aircraft are also on display at the park . These include a tiny X - Ron 1 Rotorcycle one - man helicopter used by the US Marine Corps in the late fifties and early sixties , an Army M41 Walker Bulldog tank used in the Korean War , a Marine M - 84 Armored personnel carrier , a UH - 1 Huey flown in Vietnam , an Air Force F - 101 Voodoo flown by the New York Air National Guard ' s 136th Fighter - Interceptor Squadron at Niagara Falls ARS , a Trumpy - class Fast Patrol Craft , used in Vietnam , a Navy FJ Fury ( FJ - 4 ) jet ( equivalent to the Air Force ' s F - 86 Sabre ) , and a USAAF P - 39 Airacobra manufactured at Bell Aircraft in Buffalo which saw service in World War II . The sail and rudder of the submarine are also on display here . The park is located near the First Niagara Center in downtown Buffalo . Hours vary by season , but the park is closed from December to March .
Awards and decorations of the United States Air Force Awards and decorations of the United States Air Force are military decorations which are issued by the Department of the Air Force to Air Force service members and members of other military branches serving under Air Force commands . Of all five branches of the United States Armed Forces , the United States Air Force currently maintains the highest number of active awards and decorations , including many without equivalent in any other service . United States Air Force awards were first created in 1947 . At that time , Air Force members were eligible to receive most U . S . Army decorations and Air Force veterans of World War II were entitled to continue displaying World War II campaign medals . In 1962 , following the Cuban Missile Crisis , the Air Force began a concentrated effort to create its own array of awards and Air Force members could no longer receive decorations of the United States Army as a matter of course . By the end of the Vietnam War , most of the modern day Air Force decorations had been established and Air Force members were also entitled to receive and wear all inter - service awards and decorations ( see also the interservice Air Medal - which ranks above Aerial Achievement Medal ) . By the start of the 21st century , the Air Force had created several new ribbons as well as an Air Force specific campaign medal known as the Air and Space Campaign Medal . In February 2006 , the United States Air Force ceased issuing new awards of the Good Conduct Medal , however , the medal was reinstated in February 2009 . The AFGCM has also been back - awarded to those who were in service during the three year break in new awards . By retro - actively awarding those who deserved the medal , it is as if the medal had never been taken away . Air Force members are also eligible to receive approved foreign awards and approved international decorations . The currently issued active Air Force decorations are as follows : See also . Awards and decorations of the United States military
304 Division ( Vietnam ) The 304 Division is an infantry division of the People ' s Army of Vietnam . It was established in late 1951 at Thanh Hoa . One of its regiments took part in the November 14 – 18 , 1965 Battle of Ia Drang , Battle of Khe Sanh and the first to enter Saigon during the Vietnam War . Today it is part of the 2nd Corps .
Arx ( Roman ) Arx is a Latin word meaning " citadel " . In the ancient city of Rome , the " arx " was located on the northern spur of the Capitoline Hill , and is sometimes specified as the " Arx Capitolina " . History . At Rome , sentries were traditionally posted on the " Arx " to watch for signals displayed on the Janiculum if an enemy approached . A red flag would be raised and a trumpet blown . The " Arx " was not regularly garrisoned , however , and should not be regarded as a " fort . " However , in the Gallic siege of Rome ( 387 BC ) , the " Arx " was considered the point of last retreat , the capture of which was synonymous with the capture of the city . It thus held a symbolic power beyond its importance in military strategy , and was a central place in archaic Roman religion . In the early Republic , some patricians were permitted to live on the " Arx " , among them Titus Tatius . After 384 BC , the Senate banned all private dwellings from the " Arx " and the rest of the Capitolium . The house of Marcus Manlius Capitolinus , a patrician champion of the " plebs " , was torn down at this time and became the site of the Temple of Juno Moneta . On the " Arx " was located the auguraculum , the open space where the augur s conducted the rituals that determined whether the gods approved of whatever undertaking was at hand , public business or military action . This auguraculum was the stone where the elected monarch , during the Roman Kingdom , was seated by the augurs with his face to the south . Major temples on the " Arx " include that of Juno Moneta ( established 344 BC ) , where the mint was located ; Concordia ( 217 BC ) ; Honor and Virtue ; and Vediovis . Jupiter , however , was the god of the " Arx " . Other " arces " . The Romans also referred to the citadel of other cities as an " arx " ( plural " arces " ) . Excavations in Cosa , Tuscany , conducted in 1948 – 54 and 1965 – 72 , uncovered the settlement ' s " arx " . Frank E . Brown and his team studied the site extensively when they began the Cosa excavations in 1948 . The citadel was a fortified hill on which were built several temples , including the so - called " capitolium " of Cosa . In Lavinium , south of Rome , Castello Borghese is thought to be the possible site of the Roman - era " arx " constructed in the port city .
William A . Hodgman William Adams Hodgman was a United States Navy captain and diplomat . He served on a number of ships , and briefly as the 23rd Naval Governor of Guam . During World War I , he commanded the USS " Roe " , for which he received the Navy Cross . After leaving the Navy , he served as commercial attaché to several countries , notably to Hungary , where he gained notoriety for striking a Duke at a party . Naval career . Hodgman graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1908 , after being appointed from New York . He served on a number of ships during his career . In 1913 , as an ensign , he served aboard the USS " Nebraska " . In 1917 , Hodgman , then a lieutenant , served aboard the USS " Connecticut " . Hodgman served as acting Governor of Guam from November 22 , 1919 to December 21 , 1919 . As a lieutenant commander , he received the Navy Cross for his exceptional command of the USS " Roe " during World War I . He retired as a captain . Diplomatic work . After leaving the Navy , Hodgman served as a commercial attaché to Guatemala . In 1931 , he was acting as commercial attaché to Hungary when he became involved in a diplomatic incident . He had been hosting a party shortly before returning to the United States on leave . There , Heinrich Borwin , Duke of the House of Mecklenburg , made disparaging remarks about some of Hodgman ' s guests , prompting the diplomat to strike Borwin . Borwin consequently challenged Hodgman to a duel , which he declined before returning to the United States shortly thereafter . Despite this incident , Hodgman kept his post as diplomat , and was assigned to Montevideo , Uruguay later the same year .
Bavarian Cavalry Division ( German Empire ) The Bavarian Cavalry Division ( " Bayerische Kavallerie - Division " ) was a unit of the Royal Bavarian Army , part of the German Army , in World War I . The division was formed on the mobilization of the German Army in August 1914 . The division was disbanded in 1919 , during the demobilization of the German Army after World War I . The division was raised and recruited in Bavaria . Combat chronicle . The division was formed on mobilization for World War I on 2 August 1914 . It was assigned to III Cavalry Corps , which preceded 6th Army on the Western Front . Between November 1914 and January 1915 , the division took part in occupation duties in Belgium . After a period of training in Germany , it transferred to the Russian Front from April 1915 to November 1917 , when it moved to Romania . In April 1918 , the division moved to the Ukraine / Crimea . A more detailed combat chronicle can be found at the German - language version of this article . Order of Battle on mobilisation . On formation , in August 1914 , the component units of the division were : See : Table of Organisation and Equipment Late World War I organization . From 25 November 1917 to 21 March 1918 , the division was without any cavalry ; and from 20 April 1918 , it only had two Cavalry Brigades . Allied Intelligence rated the Division as 4th Class ( of 4 ) . The organisation in 1918 was :
Hans Erdmenger " Kapitän zur See " Hans Otto Erdmenger ( 29 October 1903 – 28 December 1943 ) was a Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross recipient during World War II . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Erdmenger was killed in action on 28 December 1943 in the Bay of Biscay as chief of the 8 . " Zerstörerflottille " on board the destroyer " Z27 " which was sunk in combat with the British cruisers HMS " Glasgow " and HMS " Enterprise " .
SUSAT The Sight Unit Small Arms , Trilux , or SUSAT , is a 4× telescopic sight with tritium - powered illumination , utilised at dusk or dawn . The full name of the current model is the SUSAT L9A1 . The sight is not designed as a sniper sight , but is rather intended to be mounted on a variety of rifles and to be used by all infantrymen . A similar device is the Advanced Combat Optical Gunsight . Use . SUSAT is the primary sighting system for the British Army ' s SA80 series weapons and L108 and L110 light machine guns . It is also used in the armies of Cameroon , Oman , Spain and Sweden , in assault rifles such as the Swedish Ak5B and the Spanish CETME LV , although after the replacement of the latter by the HK G36 , those sights have been employed in Rheinmetall MG3 machine guns . A similar unit known as the Sight Unit , Infantry , Trilux ( SUIT ) sight was used on the L1A1 SLR . Reticle . The reticle of the SUSAT is of unusual design . Unlike the traditional crosshair layouts commonly used , which are in essence a cross intersecting the target , the SUSAT has a single obelisk - shaped post protruding from the bottom edge of the sight . This type of reticle is sometimes referred to as the " German Post " . This obscures the target at long range and the foreground . The reticle is tritium - illuminated for low - light condition aiming . The radioactive tritium light source has to be replaced every 8 – 12 years , since it gradually loses its brightness due to radioactive decay . The SUIT sight uses a similar single post to the SUSAT , but protrudes from the top edge of the sight down to the middle of the field . Manufacturing . SUSAT is constructed from a one - piece , pressure die - cast , aluminium body , into which the eyepiece , objective lens and prisms are fitted as assemblies . The SUSAT sight was developed in the United Kingdom by Royal Armaments Research Development Establishment ( RARDE ) and is manufactured by United Scientific Instruments and Avimo , now known as Thales Optics . Specifications . SUSAT L9A1
Biertan Biertan ( , , ) is a commune in central Romania , in the north of the Sibiu County , 80 km north of Sibiu ( formerly " Birthelm " in German ) and 29 km east of Mediaş . Biertan is one of the most important Saxon villages with fortified churches in Transylvania , having been on the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites since 1993 . It was the see of the Lutheran Evangelical Bishop in Transylvania between 1572 and 1867 . The commune is composed of three villages : Biertan , Copșa Mare ( " Gross - Kopisch " ; " Nagykapus " ) and Richiș ( " Reichesdorf " ; " Riomfalva " ) , each of which has a fortified church . History . The first documentary testimony about the village dates from 1283 in a document about the taxes paid by the inhabitants of 7 villages and so it is believed to have been founded sometime between 1224 to 1283 by Transylvanian Saxons . The village settlement quickly developed into an important market town and by 1510 Biertan supported a population of about 5 , 000 people . Between 1468 and the 16th century a small fortified church ( " die Kirchenburg " ) was constructed and developed . After the medieval period the town declined in importance with the rise of neighbouring Sighişoara ( formerly " Schäßburg " in German ) , Sibiu ( " Hermannstadt " ) and Mediaş ( " Mediasch " ) . In the census of 1930 Biertan had 2331 inhabitants , of whom 1228 were Transylvanian Saxons . During World War II many men were conscripted into the Romania n army and later the Waffen - SS . After the war many Transylvanian Saxons were expelled from the region . Following the collapse of Communism in 1990 many more left for Germany . Today the whole commune has a population of about 2 , 500 and the village of Biertan alone has about 1 , 600 people . It is one of the most visited villages in Transylvania , being the historically important place of the annual reunion of the Transylvanian Saxons , many of whom now live in Germany . Demographics . According to the 2011 census , Romanians made up 73 . 8 % of the population , Roma made up 17 . 9 % , Germans made up 4 . 6 % and Hungarians made up 3 . 6 % .
24th Field Artillery Regiment ( United States ) The 24th Philippine Scout Field Artillery Regiment ( 24th FA ( PS ) ) was part of the US Army ' s Philippine Division , formed in 1922 and active until April 1942 . Antecedent units dated back to 1899 . The 24th FA was organized in 1922 at Fort Stotsenburg , in the Philippines , from the 1st Philippine Artillery Regiment . During the Battle of the Philippines ( 1941 – 1942 ) against the Japanese , the 24th FA participated in the withdrawal , on Luzon , to the Bataan Peninsula . The 24th surrendered in April 1942 . The 1st Philippine Artillery Regiment had been provisionally formed , in 1917 , at Fort Stotsenburg , from the 11th and 12th Philippine Scout Battalions , by the 2nd Philippine Artillery Regiment . In 1922 , this unit was reorganized as the 24th Field Artillery Regiment ( PS ) . The 11th and 12th Philippine Scout Battalions ( 12th PS ) had been formed in the Philippines in 1901 . They were primarily composed of men from various provisional infantry companies , of Philippine Scouts , formed in 1899 . Both battalions were involved in combat at Samar , Mindanao , and Jolo . The regiment was awarded the Philippines Islands Campaign Streamer . Members of the 24th Field Artillery Regiment included Juan Reyes Fabia , Lieutenant General Edward H . Brooks , and Elias Coloma . Organization August 1941 . This regiment consisted of 2 battalion s of truck - drawn British 75 mm guns . ( 75 mm Gun M1917 ) In July 1941 , there were 843 troops assigned to the 24th FA . A Gold color metal and enamel device in height consisting of a shield blazoned : Parti per chevron couped and concave Argent and Gules in chief a sun in splendor between three six - pointed mullets one and two all of the second , on a canton of the like a mule with mountain artillery pack Or ( for the Second Field Artillery ) . The white portion of the shield is symbolic of the old Infantry alluding to the fighting of the scouts . The red charges refer to Artillery . The base is the outline of Mt . Arayat and the red six - pointed stars and sun are from the flag of the Philippine Insurrection . The canton with the yellow pack mule and mountain gun is from the arms of the Second Field Artillery . The distinctive unit insignia was approved on 12 September 1923 . It was rescinded on 21 April 1959 .