naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
William Capper Colonel William Baume Capper CVO ( 6 February 1856 – 15 January 1934 ) was a British Army officer who became Commandant of the Royal Military College Sandhurst . Military career . Capper was born on 6 February 1856 , his father William Copeland Capper having been in the Bengal Civil Service . Educated at Haileybury , Capper was commissioned into the 85th Regiment of Foot in 1876 and subsequently played cricket for Shropshire . He became adjutant of the King ' s Shropshire Light Infantry in 1886 . He served in the Second Anglo - Afghan War , in the 1882 Anglo - Egyptian War and in the Mahdist War in Sudan from 1884 to 1885 . He was Commandant of the Royal Military College Sandhurst from 1907 to 1911 and then served in World War I . Family . In 1888 he married Helen Margaret Parry ; they had two daughters . He had three brothers all who served in the Army , one was Major - General Sir Thompson Capper KCMG , CB , DSO who was killed in World War I , and another was Major - General Sir John Edward Capper .
Australian Army enlisted rank insignia Like the British Army , the Australian Army does not use the term ' enlisted ' to describe its non - commissioned ranks . Instead , personnel who are not commissioned officers are referred to as other ranks . These are soldiers , non - commissioned officers ( NCOs ) and warrant officers ( WOs ) . Warrant officers are appointed by a warrant which is signed by the Chief of the Army . The insignia for non - commissioned ranks are identical to the British Army up to the rank of warrant officer class two . Since 1976 , WO1s and the WO in the Australian Army wear insignia using the Australian Coat of Arms . Bombardier and lance bombardier are used by members of RAA . All other corps use corporal and lance corporal . Ranks . Private soldier ranks . Private ( and equivalent ) soldiers in the Australian Army are still commonly referred to as ' diggers ' . Warrant officer appointments and special insignia . There are a number of appointments held by the senior warrant officers in the Australian Army . These are appointments , not ranks . In general , the rank of the incumbents of these positions is WO1 , and they wear the WO1 rank insignia . Due to it having its own special insignia which is worn instead of the WO1 rank insignia , the Regimental Sergeant Major of the Army ( RSM - A ) is unusual . ( The RSM - A holds the unique rank of warrant officer ( WO ) , which is senior to WO1 ) . Other appointments include : Unit level appointments :
Operation Tight Screw Operation Tight Screw is the code name given for a military operation which the Pakistani Army had claimed they were going to launch to tackle militants in the North Waziristan that is part of the Pakistan ' s counter terrorism effort in the North - West of the country . Background . A military operation has long being planned in the North Waziristan agency but was delayed due to limited resources . Terrorists chiefly belonging to Tehrik - e - Taliban Pakistan moved to hideouts in North Waziristan agency after military operations were conducted in Kurram , Orakzai and South Waziristan regions adjacent to North Waziristan .
USS Eldridge ( DE - 173 ) USS " Eldridge " ( DE - 173 ) , a , was a ship of the United States Navy named for Lieutenant Commander John Eldridge , Jr . , a hero of the invasion of the Solomon Islands . Its keel was laid down by the Federal Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company in Newark , New Jersey . Eldridge was launched on 25 July 1943 , sponsored by Eldridge ' s widow Mrs . John Eldridge , Jr . , and commissioned on 27 August 1943 with Lieutenant C . R . Hamilton , USNR , in command . Service history . Between 4 January 1944 and 9 May 1945 , " Eldridge " sailed on the vital task of escorting to the Mediterranean Sea men and materials to support Allied operations in North Africa and on into southern Europe . It made nine voyages to deliver convoys safely to Casablanca , Bizerte , and Oran . " Eldridge " departed New York City on 28 May 1945 for service in the Pacific . " En route " to Saipan in July , it made contact with an underwater object and immediately attacked , but no results were observed . It arrived at Okinawa on 7 August for local escort and patrol , and with the end of hostilities a week later , continued to serve as escort on the Saipan – Ulithi – Okinawa routes until November . " Eldridge " was placed out of commission in reserve 17 June 1946 . On 15 January 1951 , it was transferred under the Mutual Defense Assistance program to Greece , with whom it served as HS " Leon " ( D - 54 ) . " Leon " was decommissioned on 5 November 1992 , and on 11 November 1999 , was sold as scrap to the Piraeus - based firm V & J Scrapmetal Trading Ltd . Philadelphia Experiment . The " Philadelphia Experiment " was an alleged naval military experiment at the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , sometime around 28 October 1943 , in which the " Eldridge " was to be rendered invisible ( i . e . by a cloaking device ) to human observers for a brief period . It is also referred to as Project Rainbow . The story is widely regarded as a hoax . The U . S . Navy maintains that no such experiment occurred , and details of the story contradict well - established facts about the " Eldridge " .
Distinguished Marksmanship Ribbon The Distinguished Marksmanship Ribbon was a military decoration of the United States Navy which was established in 1942 . Originally known as the " Distinguished Marksman and Pistol Shot Ribbon " , the decoration recognized those who had been presented a Distinguished Marksman Badge through exceptional scoring at a professional military shooting competition . The Distinguished Marksman and Pistol Shot Ribbon was issued for receipt of either a Pistol or Rifle Distinguished Marksman Badge . In 1952 , the Secretary of the Navy ordered that the Distinguished Marksman and Pistol Shot Ribbon be divided into two new decorations , one for rifle distinguished marksmanship and the other for distinguished marksmanship with a pistol . The new awards were known respectively as the " Distinguished Marksman Ribbon " and the " Distinguished Pistol Shot Ribbon " . The Distinguished Marksman Ribbon and the Distinguished Pistol Shot Ribbon were issued until 1960 when the Navy Department ordered the awards discontinued . In the modern age , all three of the Distinguished Marksmanship Ribbons have been declared obsolete . The Distinguished Marksman ( for rifle ) and Distinguished Pistol Shot Badges have always been authorized for wear by those who have earned them . The ribbons were worn if the badge was not worn . Under current uniform regulations , the Navy ' s Marksmanship Competition Badges are worn when ribbons or large medals are prescribed .
Emerson LeRoy Cummings Emerson LeRoy Cummings was a United States Army Lieutenant General prominent as the Army ’ s Chief of Ordnance and commander of the Fifth United States Army . Early life . Cummings was born in New Boston , Michigan on March 16 , 1902 . He graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1924 and was assigned to the Engineer branch . Start of military career . In 1926 Cummings completed a program in civil engineering at Cornell University . Cummings graduated from the Engineer Officer Course in 1927 . In the 1920s and early 1930s Cummings served in Engineer assignments throughout the United States , including a staff position with the federal Alaska Road Commission and a posting to Fort Lewis , Washington . Cummings received a bachelor of science degree in mechanical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1933 . In 1934 he graduated from the Ordnance Officer Course . In 1939 Cummings graduated from the Command and General Staff College and the Chemical Warfare Course . In the early 1940s Cummings served as assistant to the chief of the artillery division in the Ordnance Department ’ s Industrial Service Division . World War II . During World War II Cummings was head of the Army ’ s industrial operations in Detroit , overseeing production of combat vehicles and other materiel . He was then assigned to command of the Ordnance Department ’ s industrial division in Europe . Post World War II . Cummings continued his Ordnance career after World War II . In the late 1940s he was chief of the Parts and Supplies Branch in the Ordnance Branch ’ s Engineering Materials Division . In the early 1950s Cummings served as chief the Ordnance Corps ’ Industrial Division . While in this assignment Cummings also served as the Army ’ s Assistant Chief of Ordnance . Cummings served as the Army ’ s Chief of Ordnance from 1953 to 1958 . After completing his term as Chief of Ordnance , from 1958 to 1960 Cummings was assigned as deputy commander of the Eighth United States Army , simultaneously serving as commander of U . S . Army , Japan . From 1961 to 1962 Cummings served as commander of the Fifth United States Army in Chicago . Retirement and awards . General Cummings retired in 1962 . His awards included two Distinguished Service Medals , the Legion of Merit and the Bronze Star . Retirement . In retirement Cummings resided in Largo , Florida . He operated a woodworking shop as a hobby , and also volunteered as a set builder for the Little Theater of Clearwater , remaining active almost until his death . Death . Cummings died in Zephyrhills , Florida on January 24 , 1986 . Other . In 1972 Cummings was inducted into the Ordnance Corps Hall of Fame .
Rudolf Koch - Erpach Rudolf Koch - Erpach ( 9 April 1886 – 28 November 1971 ) was an officer in the German Army ( " Wehrmacht Heer " ) during World War II . Biography . Koch - Erpach was born in Munich , and became a General of the Cavalry ( " General der Kavallerie " ) . In 1939 , he commanded the German 8th Infantry Division during the invasion of Poland . On 23 September 1939 , Koch - Erpach had the distinction of being captured by the Polish forces during the Battle of Krasnobrod . On 24 June 1940 , after the Battle of France and while still commanding the German 8th Infantry Division , Koch - Erpach was awarded a Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . From 1 November 1940 to 1 March 1941 , Koch - Erpach commanded the German LX Corps . After a short break , he briefly commanded the XXXV Corps from 1 April 1941 to 1 May 1941 . Koch - Erpach commanded Military District VIII from 1 May 1942 to 26 January 1945 . The headquarters for this military district was Breslau and the district included Silesia , Sudetenland , parts of Moravia , and parts of southwestern Poland . Military District VIII ceased operations in February 1945 . From 26 January 1945 to 10 April 1945 , Koch - Erpach experienced another command of brief duration . This time it was over the LVI Tank Corps . In March 1945 Koch - Erpach and his H . Q were encircled by the Red Army near Oppeln . To bring him out of there , Ferdinand Schörner gave orders to an Estonian officer , Colonel Alfons Rebane from the 20th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS , famous for breaking out of circles . Rebane picked 4 Estonian volunteers from his group and brought Koch - Erpach and his H . Q to safety with no casualties . For this Koch - Erpach suggested Rebane to be awarded with Oak leaves to his Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . Later in 1945 , Koch - Erpach was acting commander of the German 1st Army for two days before the war ended , from 6 May to 8 May . He died in Bad Boll .
Air Staff ( United States ) The Air Staff is one of the Department of the Air Force ' s two statutorily designated headquarters staffs : the other staff is the " Office of the Secretary of the Air Force " , also known as the " Secretariat " . The Air Staff is headed by the Chief of Staff of the Air Force ( currently General Mark Welsh ) . The Air Staff is primarily composed of uniformed U . S . Air Force officials who assist the Chief of Staff in carrying out his dual - hatted role : as the principal military advisor to the Secretary of the Air Force , and as a member of the " Joint Chiefs of Staff " . The Air Staff was reorganized in 2006 to be numbered in accordance with the Joint Staff system . For the most part , the Joint Staff numbering system applies to the air staff . Of note , the Air Force separated Analysis and Assessments from A8 to create a separate directorate , A9 , then in 2008 , followed up with the creation of a separate directorate , A10 , for the Air Force ' s nuclear mission . Joint Staff organization . For reference , the organization of the Joint Staff follows . See full article . The Joint Chiefs of Staff organization includes the following departments where all the Joint Staff ' s planning , policies , intelligence , manpower , communications and logistics functions are translated into action . Constituents of the Air Staff . Rapid Capabilities Office . The Air Force Rapid Capabilities Office , located in Washington , D . C . , reports directly to a board of directors chaired by the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition , Technology , and Logistics . Board members also include the Secretary of the Air Force , the Chief of Staff of the Air Force , and the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Acquisition . The office responds to Combat Air Force and combatant command requirements . The RCO reports to a board of directors comprising the undersecretary of defense for acquisition , technology and logistics and the secretary and chief of staff of the Air Force . The office is staffed with a variety of functional specialists who form a collaborative melting pot of expertise . Inherent in the accomplishment of its mission to deliver capability is intent to experiment , within the bounds of statute , to discover and recommend new methods , processes , and techniques for the Air Force and the Department of Defense to conduct business in an efficient fashion . The Secretary of the Air Force activated the office 28 April 2003 . One of its first projects was to deploy significant upgrades to the Integrated Air Defense System , now operational around the National Capital Region . Currently , RCO is working on the X - 37B Orbital Test Vehicle to demonstrate a reliable , reusable , unmanned space test platform for the United States Air Force . Additionally , RCO , in conjunction with MIT Lincoln Lab and other partners , is developing a sensitive airborne receiver system . The system is scheduled for in - theater evaluation during the summer of 2009 . The RCO Red Team assesses current and future threats to U . S . combat operations by providing independent technical assessments .
Air Force Armament Museum The Air Force Armament Museum , adjacent to Eglin Air Force Base , Florida , is the only facility in the U . S . dedicated to the display of Air Force armament . Founded in 1975 , it was originally located in a converted gymnasium on the northeastern edge of the Eglin main base , adjacent to Valparaiso , Florida . Visitors can view a variety of historical Air Force planes , from a World War II B - 17 bomber to an F - 4 Phantom II jet . A wide variety of bomb s , missile s , and rocket s are exhibited , including the newest air - to - air missile , the AMRAAM , and the GBU - 28 bunker - buster developed for use during Operation Desert Storm . Other missiles include the Paveway series , Falcons , the Tomahawk , Mace , Hound Dog , radar - controlled , laser - controlled and several guided by a TV camera in the nose . Also on display is the GBU - 43 MOAB , Massive Ordnance Air Blast bomb , or by its nickname , " Mother of All Bombs " , the world ' s largest conventional explosive weapon . A predecessor , the T12 38 , 600 lb . demolition bomb , is also displayed . A gun vault displays a variety of weapons ranging from a 1903 Springfield rifle to the GAU - 8 , which is capable of shooting 6 , 000 rounds per minute . Featured here is the Sikes Antique Pistol Collection , with over 180 handguns , including flintlock s , duelling pistol s , Western six - shooters , Civil War pistols , and a wide variety of early military weaponry . History . Discussion of the founding of a facility dedicated to the history of the development of armaments took place at Eglin Air Force Base as early as 1972 with manpower considerations being circulated in early fall , but it wasn ' t until 1974 that it was conceived and approved . A former World War II - era gymnasium turned Enlisted Club near the old Main Gate to Valparaiso was adapted in 1975 - 1976 for the infant collection . The earliest exhibits gathered included the CGM - 13 Mace missile , the F - 84F , the F - 101B , the B - 17 Flying Fortress and the B - 25 Mitchell that had been displayed in Valparaiso - Niceville since 1960 . Also popular was a Ryan Model 47 Firebee painted as a shark . An early - model F - 102A - 15 - CO , " 53 - 1799 " , displayed in Fort Walton Beach since 1962 and donated back to the new museum , was found to be too corroded for preservation . The museum occupied these wooden quarters until the structure was condemned in 1981 and the museum closed in October . The AFAM Foundation , incorporated in 1976 as an IRS 501 ( c ) ( 3 ) philanthropic non - profit organization , then embarked on a lengthy search for a new site and began raising funds for a new building . By mid - 1985 , $ 1 . 2 million in private and corporate donations had been raised and construction of a new Museum was underway and in November of the same year , the new Museum was deeded to the United States Air Force and opened to the public . The Foundation is currently engaged in raising $ 1 . 5 million for a new educational annex .
HMY Royal Escape HMY " Royal Escape was a royal yacht used by King Charles II . She was a former coastal trader , a brig named Surprise " . King Charles took passage on the " Surprise " after the final defeat of the royalist cause in 1651 , narrowly avoiding pursuing Parliamentarian forces . He arrived safely in France , where he lived in exile until the Restoration in 1660 . On his return Charles purchased the ship he had travelled on , naming her after his escape from England nearly a decade before . He kept her moored close to his palace , showing her to other royals . The ship remained on the Navy List s for many years , being sold finally in 1750 , though several other vessels perpetuated the name until 1877 . King Charles ' s escape . After the royalist defeat at the Battle of Worcester on 3 September 1651 King Charles II escaped and fled from the Parliamentarian forces who had orders to arrest him . He travelled eventually to Brighton , where he met the captain of a coastal brig , Nicholas Tattersall , and arranged passage to France . Tattersall was the only person who was to know Charles ' s identity , the crew were told that the passengers were merchants fleeing their creditors . Tattersall agreed to make the passage , and safely landed the royal party at Fécamp . Return . Charles remained fond of the ship that had helped his escape , and on his return to England at the Restoration in 1660 , purchased her , renaming her " Royal Escape " . Charles had her moored in the Thames off the Palace of Whitehall , where he would show her off to other royalty . She was entered on the Navy List as a smack , long , with a beam of , and drawing . She was retained on the navy lists for a number of years , being rebuilt in 1714 and 1736 as a transport . She was sold in 1750 , though the name was perpetuated when a previously unnamed mooring lighter was renamed " Royal Escape " in 1749 . This later craft was broken up in 1791 , and a new " Royal Escape " was launched in 1792 . This vessel , a transport , was broken up in 1877 .
LLR 81mm The Mortier de 81mm léger long renforcé ( LLR 81 mm ) is a mortar used by the French Army . It is the latest iteration of the TDA 81 mm light mortar family , introduced in 1997 . The original TDA 81 mm was designed in 1961 . Since then , three variants have been fielded : The LLR 81mm is composed of a base plate , a barrel comprising the breech , and a bipod . It can use the same pointing optics as the MO - 120 - RT - 61 . The LLR 81mm is a paratrooper weapon , which can be parachuted either piece by piece , in a kit comprising a dismantled weapon and ammunition , or in larger crates comprising several weapons . The barrel was reinforced as to allow firing of all 81 mm mortar ammunition in existence .
Johann Gabriel Chasteler de Courcelles Johann Gabriel , Marquis du Chasteler de Courcelles ( 22 January 1763 – 7 May 1825 ) was a Walloon , born near Mons , Belgium . He entered the military service of Habsburg Austria at an early age and trained as an engineer at the Ingenieurakademie in Vienna . Serving as Chief of Staff to Spleny in the Turkish War from 1788 , he won the Ritterkreuz ( Knight ’ s Cross ) of the Order of Maria Theresa for outstanding bravery at the Battle of Focsani in action against the Ottoman Turks . French Revolutionary Wars . In the War of the First Coalition against the First French Republic he served as an Engineer on the Rhine , distinguishing himself at Mainz in 1795 . Promoted to General officer in 1796 he served under the Archduke Charles in Germany . In 1799 Chasteler was appointed Generalquartiermeister ( Chief of Staff ) to Suvorov & commander of a wing of the Austrian army in Italy . Serving at the Battle of Cassano 27 April , he invested Tortona in May , but was wounded at Alessandria , 16 July . Elevated to Commander of the Order of Maria Theresa and made Chief of Staff in Southern Germany in 1800 , he serving at Engen and Mösskirch , before leading a Brigade in the Tyrol , distinguishing himself at the Action of Scharnitz . Napoleonic Wars . At the opening of the War of the Third Coalition , in 1805 he was appointed to lead an advance guard division in the Tyrol , where he successfully covered the retreat of the Archduke John , notably at the Strub Pass . 1809 . The Hofkriegsrat appointed Chasteler to lead the VIII Armeekorps in Archduke John ' s Army of Inner Austria at the beginning of the War of the Fifth Coalition . Immediately , he was detached with 10 , 000 troops and sent to assist the revolt in the Tyrol and Albert Gyulay took his place as corps commander . On 13 May he was badly beaten at the Battle of Wörgl by Lefebvre ' s Bavarian VII Corps . Repeatedly prevented from rejoining John ' s forces his command ended the campaign at Lake Balaton in July . After the peace he was appointed Military Commander of the Austrian " Schlesie " . 1813 . In 1813 he commanded the defences of Prague , then commanded a Corps of the Army of Bohemia under Schwarzenberg , serving at Kulm and Tortona 16 May . Nominated Governor of the Theresienstadt Fortifications , after Leipzig he was given the command of Klenau ’ s Army Corps . In 1814 after the establishment of the new Lombardo - Venetian Kingdom , Chasteler was in charge of the Venetian defences . He was the Proprietor ( Inhaber ) of an Austrian infantry regiment on three different occasions . Character . Chasteler was regarded as a competent professional , representing " the last generation of the talented and lively southern Netherlanders in the Austrian Army . He was brave as well as expert , but also bespectacled and short - sighted - an unfortunate combination of characteristics with brought him into the path of many a missile in the course of his career ” As the commander of an Army Corps in 1809 however his performance was “ vacillating ” .