naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Hidemitsu Nakano Biography . Nakano was born in Saga Prefecture , where his father was a former samurai retainer to Saga Domain . He graduated from the 24th class of the Imperial Japanese Army Academy in May 1912 and initially served with the IJA 23rd Infantry Regiment . In November 1920 , he graduated from the 32nd class of the Army Staff Collage and was assigned to the Imperial Japanese Army General Staff Office . In May 1926 , Nakano was transferred to the staff of the Kwangtung Army , and was posted to the Harbin Special Agency , a military intelligence section based in Harbin in Manchuria . He subsequently served as a battalion commander in the IJA 63rd Infantry Regiment , He rose to the position of bureau head of the Jirin Special Agency in 1931 , and military advisor to the Manchukuo Imperial Army in 1935 . In August 1936 , he was promoted to colonel and in August 1937 was assigned to the staff of the North China Area Army , where he was based in Jinan and was again in charge of military intelligence . In March 1938 , Nakano was appointed commander of the IJA 13th Infantry Regiment , which was active in combat operations in central China ( including the Battle of Wuhan in the Second Sino - Japanese War . In February 1939 , he was transferred to the staff of the IJA 21st Army and was appointed bureau head of military intelligence in Guangzhou . In March 1939 , he was promoted to major general . In February 1940 , his position came under the administrative control of the newly formed Japanese Southern China Area Army . Nakano briefly served as commander of the IJA 29th Infantry Brigade , and in December 1940 returned to the Kwangtung Army as Chief Military Advisor to the Imperial Manchukuo Army . In October 1941 , he was promoted to lieutenant general . In November 1941 , Nakano was given command of the IJA 51st Division , which was a garrison force based at Guangzhou at the time . He would remain in command of the division until after the end of the war . The following year , in November 1942 , the 51st Division was moved to Rabaul and in February 1943 to New Guinea where they were allocated to the Eighteenth Army in the Lae – Salamaua area . However , the division suffered from severe casualties in the Battle of the Bismarck Sea , losing many men and much of its equipment . The division subsequently took part in the Salamaua – Lae campaign and other combat operations throughout 1943 – 45 , fighting against Australian and United States forces . Nakano vowed to make a last stand at Salamaua , burning the division ’ s colors and stating that no one would be taken prisoner . However , Imperial General Headquarters issued a direct order to Nakano not to make a suicidal stand , but to withdraw if he could not hold the town . Nakano made a fighting retreat from Salamaua , but lost half him men retreating through the Finisterre Mountains towards Magang . Nakano survived the war , and died in Japan in 1982 .
French ship Tyrannicide ( 1793 ) Tyrannicide was a 74 - gun ship of the line of the French Navy . In 1794 , under Alain Joseph Dordelin , she took part in the Glorious First of June . Along with " Indomptable " , she helped rescue the " Montagne " trapped in the midst of the British fleet . Under Zacharie Jacques Théodore Allemand , she was part of Bruix ' squadron from March 1799 and took part in the Cruise of Bruix . She was renamed " Desaix " in 1800 in honour of General Louis Desaix . Under captain Jean - Anne Christy de la Pallière , she captured HMS " Speedy " , captained by Lord Cochrane , and took part in the Battle of Algeciras Bay . In January 1802 , she was shipwrecked at Saint - Domingue trying to enter Cap Français harbour .
SS Tiberton The SS " Tiberton " was a British steam cargo ship that was sunk during World War II by the German submarine " U - 23 " . Working Life . Registered to owners R . Chapman & Son , Newcastle upon Tyne , Great Britain , the SS " Tiberton " was launched in 1920 and served in Great Britain ' s Merchant Navy through the 1920s and ' 30s . Operating from her homeport of Newcastle , she sailed to numerous countries including Chile , Australia and Norway . Sinking . It is believed that ( whilst transporting her cargo of iron ore to Middlesbrough ( or Immingham , Humberside ) Great Britain from Narvik , Norway ) the SS " Tiberton " was struck by a single torpedo from German submarine " U - 23 " under the command of Otto Kretschmer sinking " without trace " . The SS " Tiberton " was not sailing in convoy , nor was she well protected when " U - 23 " ( on her eighth sailing and active patrol in the North Sea ) launched the G7e torpedo that caused her to sink at 04 : 05hrs ( CET ) on 19 February 1940 . All 33 of her crew were killed . On 10 April 1940 the SS " Tiberton " was officially registered with Lloyd ' s as Missing / Untraced and a Joint Arbitration Committee considered her a “ war loss ” . The crew were commemorated on the Tower Hill Memorial in London ( Panel 108 ) . Location of Sinking . There are several estimations of the location of her sinking in the North Sea .
L ' Ecole Polytechnique Monument L ' Ecole Polytechnique Monument is a statue and monument located at the United States Military Academy . It was donated by cadets from the French school who died in defense of France in 1814 and as a symbol of brotherhood between the two nations and schools . First year cadets ( plebes ) are required to know the four " mistakes on the French Monument " : the curved saber but straight scabbard ; the flag blowing one direction , the coat tails the other ; and the cannon balls too large for bore of the cannon . The monument was once located on the edge of the Plain , but has now been moved inside the cadet Central Area and is off limits to non - academy personnel .
Puma ( AFV ) The Puma light wheeled armoured fighting vehicle family consists of the Puma 6x6 and the Puma 4x4 . The vehicles were developed and are produced by the Consorzio Iveco Fiat - Oto Melara of Italy for the Italian Army . First prototypes completed in 1988 , with a total of five testbed vehicles being completed by 1990 . The 4x4 variant carries 3 troops plus driver , the 6x6 variant carries 6 troops plus driver . History . At first the Puma was intended to complement the Centauro wheeled tank destroyer in service with the Italian Army ' s Cavalry Regiments , but today most infantry regiments of the Italian Army have also been equipped with Pumas . Eight cavalry regiments and two special forces regiments are equipped with a total of 330 Puma 4x4 vehicles . 250 Puma 6x6 vehicles are in service with the Italian Army Lagunari Regiment “ Serenissima ” , the “ Folgore ” Parachutist Brigade , the 66th Air Assault Regiment and the Alpini Regiments . In Italian service , the 4X4 variant carries two soldiers in addition to the driver and gunner , and is used in pairs for battlefield reconnaissance . The 6X6 version carries four soldiers plus driver and gunner , and together with another Puma 6X6 can carry an entire Italian infantry squad of eight men . At the end of 1999 , the Italian Army ordered 580 Puma vehicles , 250 of the 6x6 configuration , and 330 4x4 vehicles . First vehicles were completed in mid - 2003 . In 2007 the Italian Army ordered 19 Hitrole 12 . 7mm machine gun remote controlled turrets from Oto Melara and is planning to add extra armor to the vehicle . In March 2013 , Italy donated 20 of its Puma 4x4 vehicles to the Libyan National Army to face terrorism threats and reaffirm friendly ties with the former colony .
4th Mechanized Corps ( Soviet Union ) The 4th Mechanized Corps was a formation in the Soviet Red Army during the Second World War . Operation Barbarossa . Initially formed in January 1941 , it was serving with the 6th Army , Kiev Special Military District under the command of General Major Andrey Vlasov when the German Operation Barbarossa began in June 1941 . On 22 June 1941 4th Mechanised Corps consisted of 28 , 098 Soldiers and 979 tanks . It initially comprised the 8th and 32nd Tank Divisions , the 81st Mechanised Division , the 3rd Motorcycle Regiment , and other smaller units . It fought in the Battle of Brody , and was destroyed in the Uman Pocket in August 1941 with 6th Army and was disbanded shortly after . The second formation in 1942 . The Corps was reformed for the second time in September 1942 . It was commanded by General Vasily Volsky during the Battle of Stalingrad in 1942 . The corps entered the sector south of Stalingrad as part of Operation Uranus . The plan was to attack through the 51st Army ' s sector to obtain an encirclement by cutting through the Romanian Fourth Army led by Constantin Constantinescu . On 20 November 1942 , the Corps started feeding its initial units into the attack , between Lake Tsatsa and Barmatsak when the 126th and 302nd Rifle Divisions of 51st Army began to advance on a three - mile front supported by the 55th and 158th Independent Tank Regiments from 4th Mech Corps . The advance was made against the Romanian 6th Corps , whose units , Erickson says , began to surrender as the tanks got in among their positions . The Corps ' s main attack opened late , further down the line , with three mechanised brigades hugging one road instead of the planned three , and the left - flank brigades , 36th and 59th , running into minefields . However the attack went on , until a pause at Zety on the evening on 21 November for fuel and ammunition . On the morning of 23 November , 4 Mechanised Corps linked up with 4th and 26th Tank Corps in the Sovietskii - Marinovka area and the northern and southern pincers had met . The German Sixth Army was surrounded in Stalingrad . In December 1942 the Corps gained a Guards title and became the 3rd Guards Mechanised Corps . It fought at the Battle of Kursk as part of Steppe Front . In June 1944 , for Operation Bagration , it was assigned to Chernyakhovsky ' s 3rd Belorussian Front as part of a Cavalry Mechanized Group which also included 3rd Cavalry Corps and was tasked to hit Bogushevsk in conjunction with 5th Army and 39th Army . Its units included 64th Guards Heavy Tank Regiment , which operated IS - 2 heavy tank s while fighting as part of the 1st Baltic Front in the Šiauliai ( ' Shaulay ' ) area during July 1944 . It was then moved to the Far East and took part in the invasion of Manchuria as part of the Transbaikal Front . The Corps , which gained the honorific " Stalingrad - Krivorozhskaya " , became 3rd Guards Mechanised Division soon after the war ended , and later 47th Guards Motor Rifle Division . It was finally disbanded in 1959 while serving with 5th Army in the Far East Military District .
102nd Infantry Division ( United States ) The 102d Infantry Division ( " Ozark " ) was a unit of the United States Army in World War II . World War II . Combat chronicle . The 102d Infantry Division arrived at Cherbourg , France , 23 September 1944 , and , after a short period of training near Valognes , moved to the German - Netherlands border . On 26 October , elements attached to other divisions entered combat and on 3 November the division assumed responsibility for the sector from the Wurm to Waurichen . A realignment of sectors and the return of elements placed the 102d in full control of its units for the first time , 24 November 1944 , as it prepared for an attack to the Roer . The attack jumped off , 29 November , and carried the division to the river through Welz , Flossdorf , and Linnich . After a period of aggressive patrolling along the Roer , 4 – 19 December , the division took over the XIII Corps sector from the Wurm River , north of the village of Wurm , to Barmen on the south , and trained for river crossing . On 23 February 1945 , the 102d attacked across the Roer , advanced toward Lövenich and Erkelenz , bypassed Mönchengladbach , took Krefeld , 3 March , and reached the Rhine . During March the division was on the defensive along the Rhine , its sector extending from Homburg south to Düsseldorf . Crossing the river on 9 April on pontoon bridge , the division attacked in the Wesergebirge , meeting stiff opposition . After 3 days and nights of terrific enemy resistance Wilsede and Hessisch - Oldendorf fell , 12 April 1945 , and the 102d pushed on to the Elbe , meeting little resistance . Breitenfeld fell , 15 April , and the division outposted the Elbe River , 48 miles from Berlin , its advance halted on orders . Storkau experienced fighting on the 16th , EHRA on the 21st along with Fallersleben . On 3 May 1945 the 102nd shook hands with the Russian 156th Division just outside of Berlin . On 15 April the division discovered a war crime in Gardelegen . About 1 , 200 prisoners were herded into the empty barn measuring approximately a hundred by fifty feet on the outskirts of the town . The barn was then burned down , killing those inside . About 1 , 016 people were killed . The division commander ordered that the civilian population be forced to view the site and to disinter and rebury the victims in a new cemetery . After digging the graves and burying the bodies , they erected a cross or a Star of David over each grave and enclosed the site with a white fence . It patrolled and maintained defensive positions until the end of hostilities in Europe , then moved to Gotha for occupational duty .
William Pitcairn Campbell Lieutenant General Sir William Pitcairn Campbell KCB ( 20 June 1856 – 22 September 1933 ) was a British Army General during World War I . Military career . William Campbell was commissioned into the King ' s Royal Rifle Corps in 1875 . He served in Sudan between 1884 and 1885 . He then took part in the Second Boer War between 1899 and 1901 . He was then appointed Commander 3rd Brigade in 1904 and General Officer Commanding 5th Division in 1909 . He moved on to be General Officer Commanding - in - Chief of Southern Command from 1914 and General Officer Commanding - in - Chief of Western Command from 1916 ; he retired in 1918 . In 1916 , he was appointed Colonel of the Highland Light Infantry , succeeding General Sir Henry Hildyard . Family . He married Edith Prothero and together they went on to have one daughter . References .
Fort Deshler Fort Deshler , located near Egypt , Lehigh County , Pennsylvania , was a French and Indian War era frontier fort established in 1760 to protect settlers from Indian attacks . The fort was near the location of what is presently the intersection of Pennsylvania Route 145 and Chestnut Street , between Egypt and Coplay . The fort was built by Adam Deshler , who was employed during the French and Indian War furnishing provisions for provincial forces . The fort was actually a fortified stone blockhouse , long and wide , with walls thick , that also served as Deshler ' s home . Adjoining the building was a large wooden building , suitable as barracks for twenty soldiers and for storing military supplies . There appears to be no evidence that the fort was either garrisoned with provincial troops or served any military purpose beyond functioning as a place of refuge and rendezvous for settlers of the region . The fort remained in the Deshler family until 1899 , at which time the building and its remaining of property were sold to the Coplay Cement Company for $ 100 , 000 . Historian Charles Rhoads Roberts , in his 1914 " History of Lehigh County Pennsylvania and a Genealogical and Biographical Records of its Families " , wrote the following about Fort Deshler : Fort Deshler was not preserved , and stood in ruins until it collapsed around 1940 . Today , its former location is commemorated by a Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission marker .
German submarine U - 716 German submarine " U - 716 " was a Type VIIC U - boat built for the German Kriegsmarine for service during World War II . Service record . While in the Arctic sea on April 23 , 1945 , U - 716 was hit by depth charges by a hunter - killer group . The damage was serious enough to require retreating to Narvik before schedule , but not enough to cause any further problems . Fate . While in port awaiting repairs , VE Day occurred and the European theatre of the Second World War ended . Upon orders , Jürgen Thimme surrendered his vessel to the Allies and took her to Loch Eriboll in Scotland , where she was destroyed as part of Operation Deadlight . Patrol History . Place of Departure Date Place of Arrival Date
Columbia - class cruiser The " Columbia " class cruisers were a group of two protected cruisers constructed in 1890 and 1891 and used by the United States Navy . Class history . The " Columbia " class cruisers were designed for the purpose of commerce destruction . They were lightly armored and lightly gunned ships that were built for the speed needed to overtake and destroy the merchant vessels of the day as commerce raiders . However , the light armament and armor left these ships outclassed by ordinary similar sized protected cruisers that they may encounter . Also , the engines were expensive to operate and at full power the ships ' range was greatly decreased . Due to their design , this type of ship was criticized as being not much better than an armed merchant cruiser . During the Spanish - American War , for example , the " Columbia " was used primarily as a troop transport . This type of large ( but under - armed ) specialized commerce raider was built by several other countries . The German cruiser SMS " Kaiserin Augusta " also had a triple - screw design and was nearly as long as the American " Columbia " - class ships . The French copied the " Columbia " class concept with two large protected cruisers , the " Guichen " ( 1897 ) and " Chateaurenault " ( 1898 ) before switching to building only armored cruisers for the commerce - raiding role such as the of 1900 . Later , Russia acquired a series of oversized protected cruisers such as the " Aurora " class , " Askold " , " Varyag " and " Bogatyr " class up until the Russo - Japanese War ( 1905 ) although these were given a relatively stronger armament for their size . The British were the most probable target of most of these ships , and invested in various cruiser designs as a counter to the perceived threat .
Veterans ' benefits Throughout history war veterans have received compensation . Roman soldiers were given rewards at the end of their service including cash or land ( " praemia " ) . Augustus fixed the amount in AD 5 at 3000 denarii and by the time of Caracalla it had risen to 5000 denarii . US Military personnel receive death benefits after retirement from active military duty , retirement compensation , educational reimbursement , and access to substitutionary insurance otherwise unavailable to civilians . Retired or separated United States armed forces personnel who were injured while serving on active duty can apply for disability or compensation through the US Department of Veterans Affairs . There are also both federal and state education , health and vocational benefits for all veterans who served . Archival record of the benefits awarded to injured soldiers and veterans of the American Civil War began after 1865 . Union soldiers received a more committed pension archival effort on the part of the Federal government , thanks to superior databases in the North and a more stable bureaucratic oversight . Turmoil during Reconstruction in the war - weary South made any effort at maintaining pension records difficult if not impossible . Later university - led research projects would give insight into the history of pension provisions by the Federal government leading up to the Civil War . These analysis shed light on the ever - changing role of compensation in American society and delved into the idea that American Revolutionary War soldiers received superior care after war than later Civil War veterans . In 1932 veterans from the First World War marched on Washington as the Bonus Army , also known as the Bonus Expeditionary Force . References . http : / / books . google . com / books ? id = zOdRAAAAMAAJ & dq = civil % 20war % 20pensions & pg = PA2 # v = onepage & q = & f = false
Georgios Zoitakis Georgios Zoitakis ( , January 1910 – 21 October 1996 ) was a Greek Army general and regent of Greece from 13 December 1967 to 21 March 1972 , during the period of the military regime of the Colonels . Life . Georgios Zoitakis was born in Nafpaktos . He graduated from the Hellenic Army Academy in 1932 , and fought in the Greco - Italian War and the Battle of Greece in an Evzone battalion with the rank of Lieutenant . During the Axis Occupation of Greece , he joined the EDES guerrillas in his native Aetolia - Acarnania . During the civil conflict between EDES and the leftist EAM - ELAS in late 1943 , his father Konstantinos was killed by ELAS fighters . In fall 1944 , he too was captured by ELAS and kept prisoner until the Varkiza agreement in spring 1945 . He then re - joined the Army , and fought in the Greek Civil War , rising to the rank of Major . For his military service , he thrice received , among other awards , Greece ' s highest medal for bravery , the Gold Cross of Valour , an extremely rare honour . In the 1950s he attended staff officer courses in the Superior School of War and the School of National Defence in Greece parallel to NATO military seminars in West Germany and in the United States . During this period he served as adjutant to King Paul , then chief of staff to the First Army as Brigadier , CO of the I Army Corps as Major General and of the III Army Corps in Thessaloniki , then the most important Greek military formation , as Lieutenant General . On 21 April 1967 , the day of the Colonels ' coup , he was in Athens . Like most of the senior military leadership , he was caught by surprise at the events , but he quickly moved to support the coup . On the same day , he was placed as Deputy Minister of National Defence in the new government . Following the failure of King Constantine II ' s counter - coup on 13 December 1967 and the subsequent flight of the royal family to Italy , Zoitakis was sworn in as Regent for the absent King . He held this post until 21 March 1972 , when he was replaced by the junta ' s principal leader , Prime Minister Georgios Papadopoulos . At the same time , he was retired from the Army with the rank of full General . On 1 June 1973 , Papadopoulos would abolish the monarchy and declare himself President of a new republic . After Greece ' s return to democracy , in 1975 Zoitakis , along with the other junta leaders , was tried and convicted to life imprisonment for high treason . He remained in prison for 13 years until 1988 , when he was released , due to deteriorating health . A pardon plea was rejected in 1991 , and he remained confined to his residence in Athens until his death in 1996 . He was married to Sofia Vouranzeri and had a daughter , Vicky . He is buried in the First Cemetery of Athens .
1st Michigan Volunteer Infantry Regiment ( 3 Years ) The 1st Regiment Michigan Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The 1st Michigan Infantry was organized at Detroit , Michigan and mustered into Federal service for a three - year enlistment on September 16 , 1861 . This regiment retained the number of the original 1st Michigan raised for a three - month enlistment . The regiment was mustered out on July 19 , 1865 . Total strength and casualties . The regiment suffered 15 officers and 172 enlisted men who were killed in action or motally wounded and 1 officer and 149 enlisted men who died of disease , for a total of 337 fatalities .