naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Sixth - rate Sixth rate was the designation used by the Royal Navy for small warships mounting between 20 and 24 carriage - mounted guns on a single deck , sometimes with smaller guns on the upper works and sometimes without . It thus encompassed ships with up to 30 guns in all . In the first half of the 18th century the main battery guns were 6 - pounders , but by mid - century these were supplanted by 9 - pounders . Rating . Sixth - rate ships typically had a crew of about 150 - 240 men , and measured between 450 and 550 tons . A 28 - gun ship would have about 19 officers ; commissioned officers would include the captain , and two lieutenant s ; warrant officer s would include the master , ship ' s surgeon , and purser . The other quarterdeck officers were the chaplain and a Royal Marines lieutenant . The ship also carried the standing warrant officers , the gunner , the bosun and the carpenter , and two master ' s mate s , four midshipmen , an assistant surgeon , and a captain ' s clerk . The rest of the men were the crew , or the ' lower deck ' . They slept in hammocks and ate their simple meals at tables , sitting on wooden benches . A sixth rate carried about 23 marines , while in a strong crew the bulk of the rest were experienced seamen rated ' able ' or ' ordinary ' . In a weaker crew there would be a large proportion of ' landsmen ' , adults who were unused to the sea . The larger sixth rates were those of 28 guns ( including four smaller guns mounted on the quarterdeck ) and were classed as frigate s . The smaller sixth rates with between 20 and 24 guns , still all ship - rigged and sometimes flush - decked vessels , were known as " post ship s " because , being " rated " , they were still large enough to have a post - captain in command , instead of a lieutenant or commander . During the Napoleonic Wars , the by now elderly sixth - rate frigates were found to be too small for the duties expected of a fifth - rate frigate , and were phased out without replacement , although a few lasted in auxiliary roles until after 1815 . However , a fresh batch of twelve 22 - gun post ships were built . In later years sixth - rate frigates were sometimes called " jackass frigates " , as they were really not quite big enough for proper frigate duties . In fiction . The fictional HMS " Surprise " was a sixth rate . She was the frigate captained by Jack Aubrey and was based on the actual historical frigate , formerly the French " Unité " , which was captured and renamed by the Royal Navy in 1796 . She plays a prominent role in many of Patrick O ' Brian ' s popular novels , collectively known as the Aubrey – Maturin series , and was portrayed in the 2003 film " " . In the novel " Mason and Dixon " by Thomas Pynchon the title characters set sail for Sumatra in 1761 to view the Venus transit in the sixth - rate ship " The Seahorse " . "
154th Ohio Infantry The 154th Ohio Volunteer Infantry ( or 154th OVI ) was an infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The 154th Ohio Infantry was organized at Camp Dennison near Cincinnati , Ohio and mustered in May 8 , 1864 for 100 days service under the command of Colonel Robert Stevenson . The regiment left Ohio for New Creek , West Virginia , May 12 . Served guard and picket duty at New Creek until May 29 . ( Company F detached at Piedmont May 22 to August 22 . ) Moved to Greenland Gap May 29 . Skirmish near Moorefield June 4 . ( One company detached at Youghiogheny Bridge until July 25 . ) Engaged in numerous scouting expeditions until July 25 . Moved to New Creek July 25 . Action at New Creek August 4 . Moved to Camp Chase , Columbus , Ohio , August 10 to guard prisoners ; then moved to Camp Dennison August 22 . The 154th Ohio Infantry mustered out of service September 1 , 1864 at Camp Dennison . Ohio National Guard . Over 35 , 000 Ohio National Guardsmen were federalized and organized into regiments for 100 days service in May 1864 . Shipped to the Eastern Theater , they were designed to be placed in " safe " rear areas to protect railroads and supply points , thereby freeing regular troops for Lt . Gen . Ulysses S . Grant ’ s push on the Confederate capital of Richmond , Virginia . As events transpired , many units found themselves in combat , stationed in the path of Confederate Gen . Jubal Early ’ s veteran Army of the Valley during its famed Valley Campaigns of 1864 . Ohio Guard units met the battle - tested foe head on and helped blunt the Confederate offensive thereby saving Washington , D . C . from capture . Ohio National Guard units participated in the battles of Monacacy , Fort Stevens , Harpers Ferry , and in the siege of Petersburg . Casualties . The regiment lost 4 enlisted men during service ; 1 man killed , 3 men died due to disease .
Tiribazus Tiribazus or Teribazus , a Persian general and Persian satrap of Western Armenia and later Lydia in western Anatolia . He was highly regarded by the Persian King Artaxerxes II , and when he was present , so Xenophon tells us , no one else had the honour of helping the sovereign to mount his horse . At the time of the retreat of the 10 , 000 in 401 BC , Tiribazus was satrap of Western Armenia . He succeeded Tithraustes as satrap of Western Asia ( Sardis ) . He was holding this office when , in 393 BC , Antalcidas was sent to negotiate , through him , a peace for Sparta with the Persian king . In 392 BC , while the Corinthian War was being contested amongst the Greek states , Tiribazus received envoys from the major belligerents of that war , and held a conference in which a proposal for ending the war was discussed . That discussion failed , but Tiribazus , convinced that Athens was becoming a threat to Persia in the Aegean , secretly provided funds to rebuild the Spartan fleet . When the Persian king Artaxerxes II learned of this , Tiribazus was removed from power and replaced by Struthas , who pursued an anti - Spartan policy . However , five years later , in 387 BC , Tiribazus was again in power , and worked together with the Spartan general Antalcidas to rebuild the Spartan fleet as a threat to Athenian interests in the region . This action brought the Athenians and their allies to the negotiating table . Tiribazus represented Artaxerxes at the ensuing negotiations , which led to the Peace of Antalcidas . In 386 BC , he was appointed to command the Persian fleet against Evagoras , the king of Salamis in Cyprus , with the land forces being entrusted to the Persian satrap of Armenia , Orontes . They defeated Evagoras and lay siege to Salamis . However , in 385 BC Tiribazus was impeached by Orontes , and was recalled to court to answer for his conduct . Tiribazus was detained in prison until the return of Artaxerxes from his expedition against the Cadusii . Before three judges , Tiribazus was able to have the charges against him dismissed , and he was honourably acquitted with the full support of King Artaxerxes , in consideration not only of his innocence in regard to the special charges , but also of the great services he had rendered to his master . Tiribazus now stood higher than ever in the royal favour , and received a promise of the hand of Amestris , the king ' s daughter . Artaxerxes , however , reneged on this arrangement , and married Amestris himself . When King Artaxerxes reneged on a pledge to Tiribazus once more , this time with respect to Atossa , the youngest of the king ' s princesses , Tiribazus could no longer remain loyal to the king and incited Darius , the son of Artaxerxes , to join him in a plot against the king ' s life . Tiribazus ' plans were betrayed to Artaxerxes by a eunuch , and the conspirators were found out . Tiribazus offered a desperate resistance to the guards who endeavored to arrest him , and was slain with a javelin .
Danton - class battleship The " Danton " class was a class of French battleship s built between 1907 – 1911 , which served in World War I . The six ships in the class were all pre - dreadnought battleships , the last of their kind produced in the French Navy . Design and production . With minor individual variations , the " Danton " - class ships had a bow - to - stern length of 480 feet and a displacement of 18 , 400 tons . Their main batteries were four guns , with a heavy secondary battery of twelve guns These ships were unusual in that they combined turbine propulsion machinery with a pre - dreadnought armament . They were designed by L ' Homme for the 1906 programme and were a considerable advance on previous French ships . They were however overshadowed by HMS " Dreadnought " which was completed before they were laid down . Wartime service . The six " Danton " - class ships served together in the Eastern Mediterranean from 1914 to 1919 . They formed the bulk of the French Navy ' s First Squadron under the command of Vice - Admiral Paul Chocheprat .
Front line A front line is the most closest position ( s ) of an armed force ' s personnel and equipment - generally in respect of maritime or land forces . Forward Line of Own Troops ( FLOT ) , or Forward Edge of Battle Area ( FEBA ) are technical terms used by all branches of the U . S . armed services . They are a battlespace control measure that designate the forward - most friendly maritime or land forces on the battlefield at a given point in time , during an armed conflict . FLOT / FEBA may include covering and screening forces . The Forward Line of Enemy Troops ( FLET ) , is the FEBA from the enemy ' s perspective . The adjective variant of the term front line is used to describe materiel or personnel intended for forward use - at sea , on land or in the air - i . e . at the front line . In both the naval and land campaigns of World War I , FEBAs , FLOTs and FLETs could often be identified by eye ( for example , in France and Belgium , defined by opposing defensive trench systems ) . Typical current conflicts are vastly different , characterised by ' war amongst the people ' , the concept of a ' three block war ' and the presence of an asymmetric , 360 - degree threat from irregular ( or extremist / terrorist ) combatants . In these cases , the front line , FEBA , FLOT and FLET are almost conceptual ideas ; and the term ' front line ' has come to refer more to any place where bullets and bombs are flying - or are likely to fly .
Hans - Georg von Friedeburg Hans - Georg von Friedeburg ( 15 July 1895 – 23 May 1945 ) was the deputy commander of the U - Boat Forces of Nazi Germany and the last Commanding Admiral of the Kriegsmarine . Biography . Friedeburg was an ardent supporter of Nazi regime . A prominent German naval officer of the post - World War I period , he was appointed Deputy Commander of the German U - boat fleet in September 1941 . Overseeing German U - Boat training and deployment of the U - boat bases in France , he later organised U - boat picket lines in the mid - Atlantic to find and attack Allied convoys . Promoted to Rear Admiral in 1942 , Friedeburg assumed command of the German U - boat fleet in February of the following year . He was awarded the " Ritterkreuz des Kriegsverdienstkreuzes mit Schwertern " on 17 January 1945 . He succeeded Grand Admiral Karl Dönitz as Commander - in - Chief of the Kriegsmarine when Dönitz became Reich President upon Hitler ' s suicide ( and per Hitler ' s last will ) , and was promoted to Generaladmiral on 1 May 1945 . In early May 1945 , Friedeburg was ordered by Dönitz to negotiate a truce with the Western Allied forces . Arriving at Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery ' s headquarters in Lüneburg , Germany he was informed that an unconditional surrender to all Allied forces was necessary and not negotiable . Nevertheless , he signed an instrument of surrender of all German armed forces in Holland , northwest Germany and Denmark on 4 May 1945 . Friedeburg was later present , on behalf of the German Navy , when the document declaring the official surrender of the German armed forces in Northern Europe , including Germany , taking effect at midnight of 8 / 9 May 1945 , was signed on behalf of the German High Command by Colonel General Alfred Jodl at Reims , France . He later signed on behalf of the Kriegsmarine , in Berlin on 8 May 1945 , along with Colonel General Hans - Jürgen Stumpff for the Luftwaffe and Generalfeldmarschall Wilhelm Keitel for the Wehrmacht , an instrument of surrender in the presence of Marshal Georgy Zhukov for the Red Army and other Allied representatives . Doing so , he became the only German representative who signed both official surrender declarations . Two weeks later , on 23 May 1945 , the day when the members of the Flensburg government were arrested , Friedeburg became a prisoner of war of the British in Plön . Unable to endure the defeat of his country , and having made up his mind back in 1944 about this perspective , he took poison the same day . He was interred in Adelby Cemetery near Flensburg . His son Ludwig von Friedeburg ( 1924 – 2010 ) was a well - known sociologist and politician ( SPD ) and served between 1969 and 1974 as minister for culture in the state of Hesse .
David McDougal David Stockton McDougal ( September 27 , 1809 – August 7 , 1882 ) was an officer in the United States Navy during the American Civil War most noted for his leadership during a naval battle off of Japan . Biography . Born in Ohio , McDougal was appointed as a midshipman on April 1 , 1828 . During the next three decades , he served in the Mediterranean , West Indian , and Home Squadron s as well as on the Great Lakes in Michigan . While serving in the USS " Mississippi " from 1846 to 1848 , during the Mexican - American War , McDougal participated in Commodore Matthew C . Perry ' s and the blockade and siege of Veracruz . He later commanded the sloop - of - war from 1854 to 1856 , the steam tug in 1856 , and the screw sloop from 1862 to 1864 , in which he cruised in the Far East protecting American merchant ships from pirates and Confederate raiders . On July 16 , 1863 , in the Battle of Shimonoseki Straits , " Wyoming " boldly entered the Straits of Shimonoseki to engage shore batteries and three ships of Prince Mori , clan chieftain of the Chōshū . During an hour ’ s brisk action , McDougal sank two ships and heavily damaged another , then pounded enemy shore guns . On December 23 , 1869 , McDougal assumed command of the South Pacific Squadron . He was placed on the retired list on September 27 , 1871 , and appointed rear admiral on August 24 , 1873 . He died at San Francisco , California , and is buried at Mountain View Cemetery , Oakland , California . Namesakes . Two ships have been named for him .
15 cm Schiffskanone C / 28 in Mörserlafette The 15 cm Schiffskanone C / 28 in Mörserlafette ( SK C / 28 in Mrs Laf ) was a German heavy gun used in the Second World War . Production of carriages for the 21 cm Mörser 18 and the 17 cm Kanone 18 in Mörserlafette exceeded available barrels in 1941 and eight naval 15 cm SK C / 28 coast defense gun barrels were adapted for use on the carriages . They were converted to " Heer " - standard percussion firing . See the articles of those guns for details on the design of the carriage . For Operation Barbarossa ( the invasion of the Soviet Union ) , it equipped " Artillerie - Abteilung 625 " . Most guns were replaced by 17 cm barrels as they became available . However , for Case Blue ( the German summer offensive in southern Russia ) , one battery of " Artillery Battalion ( Artillerie - Abteilung ) 767 " was still equipped with them . That same battery retained them through the beginning of the Battle of Kursk in July 1943 . Ammunition . The " 15 cm SK C / 28 in Mrs Laf " could not be converted to use the Heer ' s standard 15 cm ammunition and had to use naval ammunition . These included the " 15 cm Sprgr L / 4 . 6 KZ m . Hb . " , the " 15cm Sprgr L / 4 . 5 BdZ m . Hb . " and the " 15 cm Pzgr L / 3 . 8 m . Hb " . The former was a nose - fuzed HE shell with a ballistic cap . The second was a base - fuzed E shell , also with a ballistic cap . The last - named was a standard armor - piercing shell . Only one bag of propellant was used in a separate - loading cartridge case .
HMS Argo ( 1758 ) HMS " Argo " was a 28 - gun sixth - rate frigate of the Royal Navy . The ship was one of the " Coventry " class , designed by Sir Thomas Slade as a development of based on the " Lyme " , " with such alterations as may tend to the better stowing of men and carrying for guns . " She served during the Seven Years War , at first blockading Dunkirk , before sailing for the far east to take part in the expedition against Manila . In a two hour action on 31 October 1762 , the " Argo " and " Panther " captured the " Santisima Trinidad " , a Spanish galleon loaded with treasure , valued at two million dollars .
Operation Eagle Ares Iraqi and U . S . Soldiers nabbed 46 men suspected of involvement with the al Qaeda network 12 July 2007 under the cover of darkness , east of Lutifiyah , Iraq . Troops of the 4th Brigade , Iraqi 6th Division and Soldiers of the 2nd Battalion , 15th Field Artillery Regiment , 2nd Brigade Combat Team , 10th Mountain Division ( Light Infantry ) out of Fort Drum , N . Y . , air assaulted in the area , and then began searching reeds along canals for weapons caches . The combined air assault detained 29 men on the Iraqi army ’ s list of persons of interest , and 14 others who were identified by sources as terrorists . Three other men detained were taken for questioning on suspicion of terrorist activity . The detainees were taken to FOB Mahmudiyah for questioning .
BL 8 inch Mk I – VII naval gun The BL 8 inch guns Mark I to Mark VII were the first generations of British breech - loader s of medium - heavy calibre . They were initially designed for gunpowder propellants and were of both 25 . 5 and 30 calibres lengths . History . Mks I and II were several early proof guns that did not enter British service and Mk V was not made . Limited numbers of 25 . 5 and 30 calibres guns were produced . By 1885 the Royal Navy abandoned the 8 - inch gun in favour of the 9 . 2 inch and later the 7 . 5 inch gun for cruisers , until 1923 when the restrictions of the Washington Naval Treaty led Britain to develop the Mk VIII 8 - inch gun in order to arm heavy cruisers with the largest gun allowed by the Treaty . In the interim Elswick Ordnance continued to develop 8 - inch guns in 40 calibre and 45 - calibre lengths for export , mainly to Japan . Mark III . Mk III were low - powered 25 - calibres guns mounted on : Mark IV . Mk IV were 30 - calibres guns mounted in : Mark VI . Mk VI were 30 calibres guns mounted in : Mark VII . Mk VII were lighter 25 - calibres low - powered guns firing a lighter 180 - pound projectile used to equip Australian colonial navies and Australian and New Zealand coastal defences in response to expected Russian expansionism in the Pacific ( The " Russian scares " of the 1880s ) . Naval service . Mk VII guns armed the following Australian colonial gun vessels : < br style = " clear : left ; " > Coast defence gun . Mk VII guns were installed on disappearing mountings in Australia and New Zealand as coast - defence guns during the " Russian scares " of the 1880s . In the event , no Russian invasion occurred and the guns were rarely if ever fired . Four Mk VII coast defence guns were installed at Singapore in the 1880s - 1890s : two atop Mount Serapong and two at Fort Tanjong Katong . < br style = " clear : left ; " >
Sant ' Anna di Stazzema Sant ' Anna di Stazzema is a village in Tuscany in central Italy . Administratively , it is a " frazione " of the " comune " of Stazzema , in the province of Lucca . In 1944 , it was the site of a notorious Nazi atrocity during World War II . The village was only partially rebuilt after the war . Since 2000 , it has been the site of the Italian National Park of Peace ( " Parco Nazionale della Pace " ) with memorials and a museum dedicated to the massacre .
Army general ( Russia ) Army general ( Russian : " генерал армии " , " general armii " ) is the second highest military rank in the Russian Federation , inferior only to a marshal and superior to a lieutenant general . It is a direct counterpart of the Soviet " army general " rank . At present it is also the highest rank in the air force , artillery , military space troops , armoured troops , engineer troops and signal troops , unlike the Soviet Union where similarly ranked officers were called marshals and chief marshals of a branch . The corresponding naval rank is admiral of the fleet . On appointment as Defence Minister on 7 May 1992 , Pavel Grachev was the first officer to be promoted to this rank . Rank insignia . Since 2013 rank insignia is one big star and army emblem on straps which was used also till 1997 , like in Soviet Army from 1974 . Between 1997 and 2013 the rank insignia was 4 stars in a row , like in the Soviet Union between 1943 to 1974 . Until 1997 generals wore a " small " marshal ' s star . But when in 1993 ranks of " marshal of a branch " in Russian Federation were abolished , there was no more reason for special rank insignia for generals . By the president ' s decree of January 27 , 1997 generals regained 1943 - like straps with 4 stars in a row .
Ersatz Corps The " Ersatz " Corps ( ) was a corps level command of the German Army that existed briefly at the beginning of World War I . History . The " Ersatz " Corps was formed on 18 August 1914 under the command of 6th Army to control the " Ersatz " divisions of that army ( Guards , 4th , 8th , 10th and 19th ) , hence the name of the Corps . General der Infanterie Ludwig von Falkenhausen was brought out of retirement to take command . " Ersatz " is German for " replacement " . " Ersatz " divisions were formed on mobilisation from replacement units of active regiments . Each brigade replacement battalion ( " Brigade - Ersatz - Bataillone " ) was numbered after its parent infantry brigade , and was formed with two companies each taken from the replacement battalions of the brigade ' s two infantry regiments . Cavalry " Ersatz " " Abteilungen " and Field Artillery " Ersatz " " Abteilungen " were likewise formed from active cavalry and field artillery regiments . " Armee - Abteilung " Falkenhausen was set up in the southern part of the Western Front in Alsace - Lorraine on 17 September 1914 from the parts of 6th Army that remained in Lorraine after it marched north to participate in the Race to the Sea . The Staff of the " Ersatz " Corps , and its commander , took command of the " Armee - Abteilung " and the " Ersatz " Corps ceased to exist . Commanders . The " Ersatz " Corps was commanded throughout its brief existence by General der Infanterie Ludwig von Falkenhausen .