Royal Hungarian Honvéd The Royal Hungarian Honvéd ( , , colloquially called the " honvéd " ) or Royal Hungarian Landwehr , was one of four armed forces of the " armed power " ( " Bewaffnete Macht " or " Wehrmacht " ) of Austria - Hungary from 1867 to 1918 . The others were its counterpart the Austrian Landwehr , the Common Army and the Imperial and Royal Navy . History . The word " honvéd " in Hungarian ( sometimes " honved " in English sources ) means " defender of the fatherland " and first appeared during the 1848 revolutions . At that time it was the name given to volunteers who were engaged for several weeks or " a gyözelemig " ( i . e . " until victory " ) and sent to fight the Serbs and Croats . Subsequently , the bulk of the fighting was against the Empire of Austria , whereupon a number of regular imperial regiments went over to the Hungarian side . Some volunteers were attached to these existing regiments and some joined new regular regiments . Consequently the term " honvéd " was used to refer to all members of the Hungarian land forces in 1848 - 49 . The Honvéd was finally defeated by Austria with Russian assistance . When the armed forces were re - established following the Austro - Hungarian Compromise of 1867 , the " Landwehr " of the so - called Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen , received the Hungarian name " Honvédség " ( pronounced " hon - véd - shég " , with the é as in French ) , literally " homeland defence " and , in practice , a territorial army . On 21 May 1893 the Honvéd Memorial was unveiled in Budapest in commemoration of the deeds of the Hungarian national army during the Hungarian Revolution of 1848 - 49 . From 1919 to 1945 , " Honvéd " was also a name given to the Royal Hungarian Army . Structure . The Austrian Landwehr consisted of territorial units from the Hungarian half of the Empire ( called Transleithania or the Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen . These territories included what is present - day Hungary , Slovakia ( so - called Upper Hungary , ) and parts of the present - day countries of Romania , including Transylvania and Banat , Serbia , Croatia , Slovenia ( Prekmurje / Üpper Mur ) and Austria ( Burgenland ) . Usually the term " Landwehr " implies units of limited fighting power . This was not the case in the Hungarian Honvéd . Although weaker in numbers - there were only three battalion s per infantry regiment insteald of the usual four in the Common Army - the troops were regular combat soldiers . The Royal Hungarian Honvéd was divided into the Hungarian Honvéd and the Croatian - Slavonian Honvéd ( or " Landwehr " ) . The Croatian – Hungarian Settlement of 1868 granted the Croats the right to introduce Croatian as their working and command language within their units . In addition , the Croatian - Slavonian Honved units were subordinated to the " Ban " in Agram and not to the National Defence Minister in Budapest . The training of Hungarian Honvéd officer s was carried out in the Ludovica Military Academy in Budapest . Formations and units of the Royal Hungarian Honvéd . The Royal Hungarian Honvéd was the standing army of Hungary . A part of the Honvéd was the Royal Croatian Home Guard ( " Kraljevsko hrvatsko domobranstvo " ) , which consisted of 1 infantry division ( out of 7 in the Honvéd ) and 1 cavalry regiment ( out of 10 in the Honvéd ) . Its order of battle at the outbreak of the First World War in 1914 was as follows : The infantry regiments of the k . u . k . army had four battalions each ; the infantry regiments of the k . k . and k . u . Landwehr had three battalions each , except the 3rd Regiment of the " Tiroler Landesschützen " ( Tyrolian State Rifles ) , that had also four battailons . In 1915 , units that had nicknames or honorific titles lost them by order of the War Ministry . Thereafter units were designated only by number . For instance , the " k . u . k . Infanterie - Regiment ( Hoch und Deutschmeister ) Nr . 4 " became " Infanterie - Regiment No . 4 " ( 4th Infantry Regiment ) . All details relate to the year 1914 : Museum coverage . The history of Austro - Hungarian forces is documented in detail in the Military History Museum in Vienna , which was founded by Emperor Franz Joseph I as the Imperial - Royal Court Armaments Museum ( " k . k . Hofwaffenmuseum " ) . In a special display cabinet in Hall V ( the Franz Joseph Hall ) of the museum , several uniforms of the Imperial Royal Landwehr are displayed , a relief on the rear of the cabinet shows the territories from which the Hungarian Landwehr and the Imperial Royal Landwehr recruited .