naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
William C . Gribble , Jr . William C . Gribble , Jr . ( born May 24 , 1917 in Ironwood , Michigan – June 2 , 1979 ) graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1941 and was commissioned in the Corps of Engineers . During World War II , he served on the staff of the 340th Engineer General Service Regiment as it first built a section of the Alaska Highway in western Canada and later assisted MacArthur ' s drive in New Guinea and the Philippines . At the end of the war he commanded the 118th Engineer Combat Battalion , U . S . 43d Infantry Division . Gribble then worked in the Los Alamos laboratory and in the Reactor Development Division of the U . S . Atomic Energy Commission . As Alaska District Engineer he oversaw construction of a nuclear power plant at Fort Greely , Alaska . He headed the Army ' s nuclear power program in 1960 - 61 . In 1963 he was the Corps ' North Central Division Engineer . Gribble ' s scientific skills led to his service as Director of Research and Development in the U . S . Army Materiel Command in 1964 - 66 and as the Army ' s Chief of Research and Development in 1971 - 73 . In 1969 - 70 he commanded the Army Engineer Center and Fort Belvoir and was Commandant of the Army Engineer School . He became Chief of Engineers in 1973 , and retired in 1976 . Gribble received a master ' s degree in physical science from the University of Chicago in 1948 and an honorary doctorate in engineering from Michigan Technological University . He was also an honorary member of the United Kingdom ' s Institute of Royal Engineers . His decorations included the Distinguished Service Medal with Oak Leaf Cluster , the Legion of Merit with Oak Leaf Cluster and the Brazilian Order of Military Merit . General Gribble died at Fort Belvoir , Virginia , on June 2 , 1979 . He is interred in Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington , Virginia .
2nd Army Group ( Yugoslavia ) The 2nd Army Group was a Royal Yugoslav Army formation which commanded the 1st Army and 2nd Army during the German - led Axis invasion of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in April 1941 during World War II . It was commanded by General Milutin Nedić , and was responsible for the defence of the border with Hungary from Slatina to the Danube and between the Danube and the Tisza .
Vigilant - class gunvessel The " Vigilant " - class gunvessel of the Royal Navy was an enlarged version of the " Arrow " - class gunvessel of 1854 . Both classes were designed for shallow - water operations in the Baltic and Black Seas during the Crimean War . Fourteen of the class were completed , but were ready too late to take part in that conflict . " Cormorant " was sunk in action at the Taku Forts , " Osprey " was wrecked on the coast of Africa in 1867 and the rest were all sold during the 1860s , with " Sparrowhawk " lasting until 1872 . Design . The class were designed as second - class despatch and gunvessels . They were intended to operate close inshore during the Crimean War and were essentially enlarged versions of the " Arrow " - class gunvessel , which has been designed by the Surveyor ’ s Department in 1854 . Propulsion . A two - cylinder horizontal single expansion steam engine produced ( varying between vessels ) between and through a single screw , and gave a top speed of about 11 knots . Sail plan . All " Vigilant " - class gunvessels were barque - rigged . Armament . Although designed with a pair of 68 - pounder Lancaster muzzle - loading rifles , the " Vigilant " class were finished with one / Armstrong breech - loading gun , one Lancaster muzzle - loading rifled gun and two 20 - pounder breech loaders .
Battle of the Treasury Islands The Battle of the Treasury Islands was a Second World War battle that took place between 27 October and 12 November 1943 on the Treasury Islands group ; part of the Solomon Islands as part of the Pacific Theatre . The Allied invasion of the Japanese held island group intended to secure Mono and Stirling Islands so that a radar station could be constructed on the former and the latter be used as a staging area for an assault on Bougainville . The attack on the Treasury Islands would serve the long term allied strategy of isolating Bougainville and Rabaul and the elimination of the 24 , 000 strong garrison in the area . The invasion , to be conducted primarily by the New Zealand Army , supported by American forces , was codenamed Operation Goodtime . The New Zealand 8th Infantry Brigade Group , assigned to the United States ' I Marine Amphibious Corps , launched the invasion of the Treasury Islands at 06 : 06 hours on 27 October . 3 , 795 men landed in the assault wave with the remainder of the Allied force landing in four waves during the following 20 days . The operation was the first amphibious assault launched by New Zealand troops since the Battle of Gallipoli in 1915 . On 1 November the flag was raised over the ruins of Falamae , the islands ' capital , and civil administration was restored . Eleven days later the islands were declared clear of Japanese forces ; although Japanese holdouts were sighted in the jungles into January 1944 . The operation , in conjunction with Operation Blissful , served to divert the attention of the Japanese Seventeenth Army from the next major Allied target in the Solomon Islands campaign . The success of the operation also helped to improve the planning of subsequent landings in the Pacific .
XVI Corps ( German Empire ) The XVI Army Corps / XVI AK ( ) was a corps level command of the German Army before and during World War I . It was assigned to the VII Army Inspectorate which beacme the 5th Army at the start of the First World War . It was still in existence at the end of the war in the 3rd Army , " Heeresgruppe Deutscher Kronprinz " on the Western Front . Formation . By a law of 27 January 1890 , it was decided to separate Alsace - Lorraine provinces in military affairs . It stipulated that from 1 April 1890 the entire power of the Army of the German Empire should be twenty army corps ( Guards , I - XVII , I and II Bavarian ) . The All - highest Cabinet Order ( " Allerhöchste Kabinettsorder " , AKO ) of 1 February 1890 authorised the formation of the XVI and XVII Army Corps . The XVI Army Corps was set up on 1 April 1890 in Metz as the " Generalkommando " ( headquarters ) for Lorraine . Its headquarters was in the fortress of Metz . It took command of 33rd Division ( formerly 30th Division of XV Corps ) and 34th Division formed on the same date . It was assigned to the VII Army Inspectorate but joined the 5th Army at the start of the First World War . Peacetime organisation . The 25 peacetime Corps of the German Army ( Guards , I - XXI , I - III Bavarian ) had a reasonably standardised organisation . Each consisted of two divisions with usually two infantry brigades , one field artillery brigade and a cavalry brigade each . Each brigade normally consisted of two regiments of the appropriate type , so each Corps normally commanded 8 infantry , 4 field artillery and 4 cavalry regiments . There were exceptions to this rule : Each Corps also directly controlled a number of other units . This could include one or more World War I . Organisation on mobilisation . On mobilization on 2 August 1914 the Corps was restructured . 33rd and 45th Cavalry Brigades were withdrawn to form part of the 6th Cavalry Division and the 34th Cavalry Brigade was broken up and its regiments assigned to the divisions as reconnaissance units . Divisions received engineer companies and other support units from the Corps headquarters . In summary , XVI Corps mobilised with 24 infantry battalions , 8 machine gun companies ( 48 machine guns ) , 8 cavalry squadrons , 24 field artillery batteries ( 144 guns ) , 4 heavy artillery batteries ( 16 guns ) , 3 pioneer companies and an aviation detachment . Combat chronicle . At the outbreak of World War I , the Corps was assigned to the 5th Army . It fought on the Western Front in Lorraine . It was still in existence at the end of the war in the 3rd Army , " Heeresgruppe Deutscher Kronprinz " on the Western Front . Commanders . The XVI Corps had the following commanders during its existence :
Jinyiwei The Jinyiwei was the imperial military secret police that served the emperors of the Ming Dynasty in China . The Jinyiwei was founded by the Hongwu Emperor in 1368 to serve as his personal bodyguards and it developed into a military organisation the following year . They were authorised to overrule judicial proceedings in prosecutions , with full autonomy granted in arresting , interrogating and punishing anyone , including nobles and the emperor ' s relatives . The Jinyiwei were also tasked with collecting military intelligence on the enemy and participated in battle planning stages . A Jinyiwei guard donned a distinctive golden - yellow uniform , with a tablet ( pictured ) worn on his torso , and carried a special blade weapon . History . The Jinyiwei originated as early as 1360 . They served as Zhu Yuanzhang ' s personal bodyguards and defended him during a battle with the warlord Chen Youliang . After Zhu founded the Ming Dynasty and became the Hongwu Emperor , he doubted his subjects ' loyalties towards him and was constantly on guard against possible rebellions and assassinations . One of the early duties of the Jinyiwei was to help the emperor spy on his subjects . The Hongwu Emperor increased the Jinyiwei ' s duties later , allowing them to inspect his officials at work in the capital city , before formally establishing the organisation in 1382 , with about 500 members . Their numbers increased to around 14 , 000 in three years . In 1393 , the Hongwu Emperor reduced the Jinyiwei ' s duties after they allegedly abused their authority during the investigation of a rebellion plot by Lan Yu , in which about 40 , 000 people were implicated and executed . When the Yongle Emperor ascended to the throne , he was afraid that his subjects might be discontented with him , because he came to power by usurping his nephew ' s throne . He reinstated the Jinyiwei ' s authority to increase his control over the imperial court . The Jinyiwei was disbanded after 262 years of existence when Li Zicheng ' s rebel forces overthrew the Ming Dynasty in 1644 . Service . The Jinyiwei were authorised to overrule judicial proceedings in prosecuting those deemed as enemies of the state , granted with full autonomy in arresting , interrogating , detaining them without trial and punishing them , without going through due process . They were bound to the service of the emperor and took direct orders from him . They also served as political commissar s for the Ming armies in times of war . In the later years of the Ming Dynasty , the Jinyiwei were placed under the control of the eunuch faction . As the government sank into corruption , the Jinyiwei was constantly used as a means of eliminating political opponents through assassinations and legal prosecutions .
Battle of Natural Bridge The Battle of Natural Bridge was a battle during the American Civil War , fought in what is now Woodville , Florida , near Tallahassee , on March 6 , 1865 . A small band of Confederate troops and volunteers , mostly composed of teenagers from the nearby Florida Military and Collegiate Institute that would later become Florida State University , and the elderly , protected by breastworks , prevented Union forces ( consisting of African - American soldiers of the United States Colored Troops ) from crossing the Natural Bridge on the St . Marks River . This action prevented the Union from capturing the Florida capital and made Tallahassee the only Confederate capital east of the Mississippi River not to be captured by Union forces during the war . Battle . The Union ' s Brig . Gen . John Newton had undertaken a joint force expedition to engage and destroy Confederate troops that had attacked at Cedar Key s , Florida and Fort Myers and were allegedly encamped somewhere around St . Marks . The Union Navy had trouble getting its ships up the St . Marks River . The Army force , however , had advanced and , after finding one bridge destroyed , started before dawn on March 6 to attempt to cross the river at Natural Bridge . The troops initially pushed Rebel forces back , but not away from the bridge . Confederate forces under Brig . Gen . William Miller , protected by breastworks , guarded all of the approaches and the bridge itself . The action at Natural Bridge lasted most of the day , but , unable to take the bridge in three separate charges , the Union troops retreated to the protection of the fleet . To this day the cadets of the Florida State University are 1 of 4 Army Reserve Officer Training Corps ( ROTC ) programs to have a battle streamer for their actions in the Civil War . Monument . The site of the battle is now Natural Bridge Battlefield State Historic Site , a Florida State Park , and contains a monument with the inscription : Annual Memorial Service and Battle Reenactment . A ceremony honoring the combatants on both sides of the Battle of Natural Bridge , followed by a reenactment of the battle featuring authentically - costumed Confederate and Union military and civilian reenactors , is held at the park the first weekend of March every year . The event is free and open to the public . The site is now called Natural Bridge Battlefield Historic State Park .
Battle of Warrington Bridge ( 1651 ) The Battle of Warrington Bridge was a skirmish fought on 13 August 1651 between the invading Royalist Scottish army of Charles II and Parliamentary forces under the command of Major - General John Lambert . Prelude . Lambert returned to England from Scotland with a cavalry corps that had accompanied Oliver Cromwell when he invaded Scotland . His orders were to harass the Royalist army . Major - General Thomas Harrison had been left in command of Parliamentary forces in England . Harrison and Lambert ' s forces rendezvoused near Warrington . Battle . The united forces of Harrison and Lambert , reinforced by some 3 , 000 militia from Staffordshire and Cheshire , amounting to some 3 , 000 foot and 9 , 000 horse took up position at the Bridge at Warrington , over the Mersey , where it divides the Counties of Lancashire and Cheshire and prepared to resist the its passage by the Scots . Lambert sent a few troops north to skirmish with the advanced guard whilst occupying the bridge and preparing it for defence . The skirmishers encountered the royalists two miles north of the town and were quickly dispersed and the royalists pressed on into the town reaching the bridge at noon . On reaching the bridge the Scots at once attacked , and a sharp fight ensued between their advance guard and Harrison ' s troops , the Cheshire foot who were posted there held their ground for an hour and a half , and with 2000 Scots sent in against them they were for a time hard pressed . When Lambert found the Scots were in considerable force he fell back , after his men had done what damage to the bridge they could , his retreat being quickened by pressure from the Scots ' attack . Aftermath . Lambert ' s rapid retreat enabled the Royalists to claim they had forced the bridge and won a victory .
British re - armament In British history Re - armament refers to the period between 1934 and 1939 , when a substantial programme of re - arming the nation was undertaken to meet the threat posed by Hitler ' s Nazi Germany . After World War I , " the war to end all wars " , Britain ( along with many other nations ) had wound down its military capability . The Ten Year Rule said that a " great war " was not expected in the next ten years ; this policy was abandoned in 1932 . Germany was not considered a threat during the 1920s , but the situation changed radically when Adolf Hitler came to power in 1933 and withdrew Germany from the League of Nations and the Geneva Disarmament conference . In October 1933 , when the failure of the Disarmament Conference was evident , a Defence Requirements Sub - Committee of the Committee of Imperial Defence was appointed to examine the worst deficiencies of the armed forces . The group first considered the Far East , but soon looked at dangers nearer home . Even in the mid - 1930s the Royal Air Force ' s front - line fighters were biplanes , little different from those employed in World War I . The Re - Armament Programme enabled the RAF to acquire modern monoplanes , like the Hawker Hurricane and Supermarine Spitfire , such that sufficient numbers were available to defend the UK in the Battle of Britain in 1940 , during the early stages of World War II . Re - armament also led to the Royal Navy acquiring five new battleship s of the " King George V " class , and modernising existing battleships to varying extents . Whereas ships such as HMS " Renown " and HMS " Warspite " were completely modernised , others such as HMS Hood ( 51 ) , the " Nelson " class , the " Royal Sovereign " class , HMS " Barham " , and HMS " Repulse " were largely unmodernised - lacking improvements to horizontal armour , large command towers and new machinery . Equally importantly , aircraft carrier s of the " Illustrious " class and a series of large cruiser classes were ordered and expedited . The British Army was supplied with modern tanks and weapons e . g . howitzers , and the Royal Ordnance Factories were equipped to produce munitions on a large scale . Government owned , so - called , Shadow Factories , generally privately owned but subsidised by the government were established to increase the capacity of private industry ; some were also built by the government . Similarly Agency Factories supplemented the Royal Ordnance Factories .
Bagramyan Battalion The Bagramyan Battalion ( ) was a battalion formed in Abkhazia , Georgia and predominantly composed of ethnic Armenians living in Abkhazia that fought together with Separatist Abkhaz forces during the War in Abkhazia ( 1992 – 1993 ) . Named in honour of the Soviet Armenian Marshal Hovhannes Bagramyan , the battalion ' s declared purpose was to withdraw Georgian forces from Georgian territory and support Russo - Abkhazian forces . On 10 May 1998 , during hostilities leading to Six - Day War in Abkhazia ( 20 – 26 May 1998 ) , there was a fire initiated on one of administrative buildings of the power grid in Mziuri . No one was injured in the attack . The Tbilisi - based " Prime - News " agency reported it was done by the members of the battalion . According to the official Georgian reports , the battalion was dispatched by the de facto Abkhaz authorities to the predominantly Georgian - populated Gali district specifically for punitive operations .
Awards and decorations of the military of Sri Lanka Awards and decorations of the Sri Lankan Military are military orders , decorations and medals which recognize service and personal accomplishments while a member of the Sri Lankan armed forces . Together with military badges , such awards are a means to outwardly display the highlights of a service member ' s career . United Nations ' Service Medal . The United Nations Medal for participation in UN peace keeping operations Former decorations & medals . From its formation in 1949 the Ceylon Armed Forces used British military decoration . However with a suspension of nominations for British honors in 1956 , use of British decorations ceased in the Ceylon Armed Forces . Until Ceylon became a republic and a new form of military decorations were introduced in 1981 the following were used ; Order of wear . The medals are to be won in the following order ;
AVTM - 300 The AVTM - 300 ( AVibrás Tatical Missile ) is a Brazilian cruise missile that is under development by Avibrás for the Astros 2020 system . Nicknamed " Matador " ( " killer " ) , it is projected to be a less expensive alternative to the American BGM - 109 Tomahawk . The missile is equipped with a central computer that combines an inertial center laser , connected to an active GPS receiver that uninterruptedly supplies positioning information for course correction . Apparently there will be also be a naval version called X - 300 . The missile can use a single warhead of 200 kg of high explosive or cluster munition warhead with 24 grenades for anti - personnel or anti - tank targets . Development . The first version of the missile was created in 1999 , however , the development of the missile officially started in September 2001 . Eventually , the original specifications underwent a major modification , including removal of the retractable wings and addition of composite materials . The missils uses solid - fuel rockets for launching , and a turbojet during the subsonic cruise flight The Brazilian Army signed an inicial order contract in November 2012 , investing $ 100 millions in the development phase . The first delivery to the Brazilian army are expeted to be in done by 2016 , however all development stages are expected to be fully cleared by 2018 . Flight test with the indigenous turbojet are expected to commence in mid 2013 .
120 mm M984 extended - range DPICM mortar round The 120 mm M984 extended - range DPICM mortar round was developed by the US Army Ordnance . It is a 120mm caliber mortar cluster munition that can carry a variety of payloads including either 54 M80 dual - purpose submunitions or six mines . It can be optionally used with a range extending rocket in a tractor configuration which increases its range from 7 . 2 to around 12 kilometers . As the United States has not ratified the Convention on Cluster Munitions , it is still in production .
Byzantine military manuals This article lists and briefly discusses the most important of a large number of treatises on military science produced in the Byzantine Empire . Background . The East Roman or Byzantine Empire was , for much of its history , one of the major powers of the medieval world . The inheritor of the traditions and institutions of the Roman Empire , throughout its history it was assailed on all sides by various numerically superior enemies . The Empire therefore maintained a highly sophisticated military system , which relied on discipline , training , knowledge of tactics and a well - organized support system . A crucial element in the maintenance and spreading of this military know - how , along with traditional histories , were the various treatises and practical manuals . These continued a tradition that stretched back to Xenophon and Aeneas the Tactician , and many Byzantine military manuals excerpt or adapt the works of ancient authors , especially Aelian and Onasander . List of works . A large corpus of Byzantine military literature survives . Characteristically Byzantine manuals were first produced in the sixth century . They greatly proliferate in the tenth century , when the Byzantines embarked on their conquests in the East and the Balkans , but production abated after the early eleventh century . There is some evidence of similar works being written in the Palaiologan era , but with one exception , none survives .