naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Edward Masterman Air Commodore Edward Alexander Dimsdale Masterman CB CMG CBE AFC RAF ( 15 April 1880 – 26 August 1957 ) was a senior officer in the Royal Air Force in the first half of the 20th century . After retiring from the RAF , he served as the first ever Commandant of the Observer Corps . Service career . Masterman started his service career in the Royal Navy , attending the Britannia Naval College around 1894 . He served on HMS Revenge in the late 1890s and early 1900s , and was promoted to Lieutenant in January 1900 . After attending Torpedo Specialist Course he in 1907 worked as a Russia interpreter on HMS Vernon . By 1911 Masterman had become involved in the Navy ' s efforts to build an experimental airship and the following year he was appointed Officer Commanding the Naval Airship Section . During World War I , Masterman served in the Royal Naval Air Service , commanding the Farnborough Airship Station and working in several technical posts ; during this time he invented and patented the airship mooring mast with Barnes Wallis . With the establishment of the Royal Air Force on 1 April 1918 , Masterman transferred to the new service . Just before the end of the war , he was promoted to brigadier - general and appointed General Officer Commanding No . 22 Group . His rank was commuted to Air Commodore when current RAF ranks were introduced . In 1922 Masterman was appointed as Commandant of the RAF ' s Central Flying School . Observer Corps . Between 1 March 1929 when he retired from the RAF and 1 April 1936 , Masterman was the Commandant of the Observer Corps and was the first former RAF officer to hold this appointment . Headquarters Royal Observer Corps was located at Hillingdon House , RAF Uxbridge , only relocating to RAF Bentley Priory after Masterman retired . He was succeeded as Commandant Observer Corps by Air Commodore Warrington - Morris . Following his retirement as Commandant , Air Commodore Masterman immediately rejoined the Royal Observer Corps as a civilian part - time volunteer with the rank of Observer Captain and served as the ROC ' s Western Area Commandant between 1937 and 1942 , although by special permission of Warrington - Morris , he was permitted to wear his RAF Air Commodore ' s uniform and rank braid after April 1941 when the Observer Corps became the Royal Observer Corps and part of RAF Fighter Command . References .
Battle of Uddevalla The Battle of Uddevalla took place at Uddevalla on August 28 , 1677 as part of the Scanian War . Prelude . After the fall of Marstrand to the Norwegians , Gothenburg had become vulnerably exposed . Magnus Gabriel de la Gardie assembled a force of 3 , 000 Swedes of which 1 , 200 were fresh cavalry recruits and 1 , 500 were impressed Dalecarlia ns . The force camped at Vänersborg on August 10 , and moved from there to Uddevalla . However , a strong Danish - Norwegian force of 5 , 600 men led by Ulrik Fredrik Gyldenløve was approaching from Norway and caught up with the Swedish force . The battle . De la Gardie deployed his troops for a set - piece defence , but the Gyldenløve began flanking the Swedes , attempting to cut off their escape route to the river Göta älv . De la Gardie had to order his cavalry to cover the Swedish infantry ' s retreat to the river , but when the superior Danish cavalry charged the Swedish cavalry , it ran away without firing a shot . De la Gardie himself was almost captured , and the battle devolved into a disorganized rout ( a Danish source described the Swedes " scampering like hares among the rocks " ) . Only at Kuru Bro , 5 km east of Uddevalla , did the fleeing Swedes make a stand . The Dalecarlians held their positions , their pikes defending the bridge from the attacking cavalry until the Swedish force had crossed , after which the bridge was demolished . Aftermath . The Swedish army reached safety behind Göta Älv , but its losses amounted to 500 men and 9 cannons . The outcome of the battle was blamed on the poorly trained Swedish troops and the incompetence of de la Gardie as a military leader . After the battle , he requested and was relieved of his command , with sharp reprimands from the king .
372nd Military Police Company ( United States ) The 372nd Military Police Company is a law enforcement unit within the U . S . Army Reserve . The unit is based out of Cresaptown , Maryland . Eleven former members of this unit were charged and found guilty in the Abu Ghraib scandal . Another member of the company , Joseph Darby , was awarded the John F . Kennedy Profile in Courage Award for exposing the abuse at the prison . The 372nd MP Company is credited with the securing and stabilization of the city of AL - Hilla ( Babylon ) , alongside of the 1st Marines ( MEF ) . The unit was responsible for guarding main supply routes ( MSRs ) . Unit History . The 372nd Military Police Company was originally activated on 15 October 1942 in Florence , Arizona under the authority of the Ninth Service Command . The unit was given orders in mid - July 1943 to report to Camp Shanks , near Orangeburg , New York . This operation was known as the Naples - Foggai Campaign . The unit also supported the Fifth Army in the Rome - Arno Campaign that began on 22 January 1944 and end 4 June 1944 . The unit has participated in Operation Dragoon in France , Operation Nordwind . The unit was deactivated on 14 November 1945 and then reactivated in Baltimore , Maryland on 26 June 1947 . The unit was then relocated to Cumberland , Maryland on South Centre Street . The unit was then deactivated on the 15th of June 1959 . The unit was then re designated Bravo Company of the 336th Military Police Battalion . In January 1964 members of the unit provided site security and acted as guides to the area for the B - 52 which crashed in Garrett County . The Unit was then reactivated on the 22nd of February 1972 once again as the 372nd Military Police Company as part of the First Army . The unit drilled at the VFW Hall in Lonaconing , Maryland . On the 30th of June 1973 the unit shifted its location to Cresaptown , Maryland , where it shared the reserve center with the 265th Ordinance Company . In the Mid 1970 ' s the unit recruited its first female military police officer . In 1985 a platoon size element was selected for duty in Operation Bright Star in Egypt and Jordan . In 1986 the entire company was selected to participate in Gallant Eagle in California . Then unit was then activated again on the 25th of September 1990 for Operation Desert Storm .
Rikichi Andō Biography . Early career . Andō was a native of Miyagi Prefecture . He served as an instructor at the Army War College ( Japan ) from 1924 - 1925 . From 1925 - 1927 , he was sent to British India as a military attaché , and on his return to Japan , served in a number of staff assignments under the Imperial Japanese Army General Staff . He returned to the field in 1928 as commander of the 13th Infantry Regiment , and was promoted to Chief of Staff of the IJA 5th Division in 1930 . From 1931 - 1932 , Andō returned to the General Staff , where he was Chief of Military Administration Section , Military Affairs Bureau . He was appointed military attaché to the United Kingdom from 1932 - 1934 . After his return to Japan , he became Commandant of the Toyoma Army Infantry School , and subsequently commander of the 5th Independent Garrison Unit . From 1937 - 1938 , he was Deputy Inspector - General of Military Training . The man who started the Pacific War . With the outbreak of the Second Sino - Japanese War , Andō was given a field assignment as commander of his old unit , the IJA 5th Division in 1938 . Later that year , he was promoted to commander in chief of the IJA 21st Army in China , which became part of the Japanese Southern China Area Army in 1939 . The Japanese Southern China Area Army was largely a garrison force controlling Japanese - occupied Guangdong and Guangxi Province s . In the midst of diplomatic negotiations between Japan and its ally , Vichy France over access to air strips and seaports in French Indochina , Andō took independent initiative and ordered his forces across the border , without prior authorization from the government in Tokyo . Japanese military and political leaders were outraged ; however , as the invasion had already occurred , military and political considerations meant that the Japanese government had no choice but to follow through . The unauthorized invasion of French Indochina created a diplomatic confrontation with the West , which led to an oil embargo ( and eventually the attack on Pearl Harbor ) . Andō was recalled to Tokyo on 9 February 1941 and forced into retirement as punishment . Taiwan . In the fall of 1941 , Andō was recalled to service , promoted to full general , and given command of the Japanese Tenth Area Army in Taiwan . The 10th Area Army was essentially the Taiwan Army , as it had no additional combat forces assigned to it , and served as a garrison force for the island . Ando became the final Japanese Governor - General of Taiwan on 30 December 1944 . After the end of the war , the 10th Area Army was disbanded in September 1945 . Ando formally surrendered Taiwan to Chinese general Chen Yi on 25 October 1945 . Arrested by Chinese authorities and charged with war crimes from his tenure in China , Andō committed suicide by taking poison while in prison in Shanghai before he could go to trial .
Hill 62 Memorial The Canadian Hill 62 ( Sanctuary Wood ) Memorial is a war memorial that commemorates the actions of the Canadian Corps in defending the southern stretches of the Ypres Salient between April and August 1916 including actions in battle at the St . Eloi Craters , Hill 62 , Mount Sorrel and Sanctuary Wood . These battles marked the first occasion in which Canadian divisions engaged in planned offensive operations during World War I . In those actions the Canadians reconquered vital high - ground positions that denied the Germans a commanding view of the town of Ypres itself . The memorial is located beside Sanctuary Wood on the top of Mount Sorrel , which lies next to ' Hill 62 ' all of which the Canadians held or recaptured from the Germans during those offensive operations in early June 1916 . The British Official History of the war recorded " The first Canadian deliberately planned attack in any force , had resulted in an unqualified success . " Monument . Site selection . The Canadian Battlefield Monument Commission established after the Great War was appointed to select the location and design of the memorials to commemorate the Canadian participation in the First World War . The Canadian National Vimy Memorial at Vimy Ridge was selected as the national memorial site and seven other locations at Hill 62 , St . Julien and Passchendaele in Belgium , as well as Le Quesnel , Dury , Courcelette and Bourlon Wood in France were chosen to commemorate significant battles the Canadian Expeditionary Force had engaged in . Each of the seven sites were to have an identical granite block inscribed with a brief description of the battle in both English and French . < br > Interestingly , the competition jury that chose Walter Allward ' s monument design that ultimately became the Canadian National Vimy Memorial had originally envisioned Alward ' s design being built atop Hill 62 , but members of the Department of Militia and Defense and Prime Minister W . L . Mackenzie King favoured Vimy . Ultimately , Hill 62 receive the standard ' granite block ' memorial instead of Alward ' s white towering pylons . Description and location . The Hill 62 ( Sanctuary Wood ) Memorial site is located a few minutes east of Ypres , Belgium at the end of the Canadalaan ( Canada Lane ) which runs south off of the N8 road to Menen . The memorial park is made up of a beautiful series of three terraced gardens leading up the hillside to the grey granite block monument in a grassed circle on a low flagstone terrace at the top .
Régiment de Guyenne The Régiment de Guyenne was a French Army infantry regiment in the 18th century . It is principally known for its role in the Seven Years ' War , when it served in the North American theatre . History . The regiment was recruited from the Bordeaux region of France . They arrived in America on June 23 , 1755 , upon arriving were sent to Fort Frontenac and then to Fort Niagara . In February 1756 , some of the soldiers participated in the taking of Fort Bull , cutting the communication between Lake George and Fort Oswego . The regiment participated in many battles : that of Fort Oswego in August 1756 and that of William Henry in 1757 . The regiment fought at the Battle of Carillon in 1758 , and spent the rest of the year and winter at Fort Carillon . In March 1759 , part of the regiment was sent to Fort Niagara , some others at Isle aux Noix , and the remainder of the regiment towards Quebec City to defend the city . They took part at the battle of Montmorency , that of the Plains of Abraham on September 13 , 1759 ( placed at the center of the attacking lines ) , and the Battle of Sainte - Foy in 1760 . The uniform of the regiment was a bit like that of the Régiment de la Reine : a white - grey coat with red reversed sleeves with three ornate buttons : red vest , white - grey pants ; black shoes with metallic buckles . However , contrary to " La Reine " , the tricorne was black felt with a gold galon .
William Sutherland ( British Army officer ) William Sutherland was a British officer during the American Revolution . Lieutenant Sutherland , of the 38th Regiment of Foot , marched with the British troops , under the command of General Gage , from Boston , Massachusetts on the night of 18 April 1775 led by Lieutenant - Colonel Francis Smith . The next morning , 19 April , Sutherland and another officer , Lieutenant Adair of the Marines , at the lead of the column about a mile from Lexington , were confronted by an armed colonist who aimed his musket at them , pulled the trigger , but the gun misfired ( actually it flashed in the pan , i . e . the primer powder failed to ignite the charge in the musket ) . Convinced that the colonist meant to kill them , they returned to the column and informed Major John Pitcairn of the British Marines of the incident . Pitcairn and the British column marched on to Lexington where they met and fired on local minutemen on the village green . After this initial engagement , the British troops marched on to Concord . Sutherland was with the British soldiers at the North Bridge in Concord when they confronted around 400 Massachusetts militia and minutemen . He attempted to rally the troops and hold the bridge when the colonial militia returned fire , " the shot heard round the world , " thus igniting the American Revolution . Sutherland was wounded in the shoulder during the engagement and returned to Boston during the British retreat . Shortly afterwards , Sutherland was promoted to captain . Sutherland would later write about the British action at Lexington and Concord . Over four years later , now a major , Sutherland was in command of a British fort at Paulus Hook along the North River ( now called the Hudson River ) in present day Jersey City , New Jersey . On 19 August 1779 , the fort was attacked by 400 Continental soldiers led by Light Horse Harry Lee in what became known as the Battle of Paulus Hook . The fort , along with around 150 Hessian soldiers were captured . Sutherland managed to escape into a small redoubt within the fort with a small force of a few officers and forty Hessians . Lee was not able to capture the men in the redoubt and left the next morning .
William August Kobbé William August Kobbé ( born New York City , 10 May 1840 ; died 1 November 1931 ) was a United States Army officer . Biography . His father of the same name was a German emigrant to the United States , and for many years consul general of the duchy of Nassau in New York City . His mother , Sarah Lord Sistare , was a native of the United States descended from a Spanish sea captain whose vessel was lost off New London in the early 1700s . Kobbé was educated in New York City and , from 1854 to 1857 , in Wiesbaden , Germany . He studied mining engineering in Freiberg and Clausthal until 1862 , when he enlisted in the 178th New York volunteers and served until the end of the Civil War , rising to rank of captain . He was brevetted lieutenant colonel of volunteers and major U . S . Army for gallantry at Nashville and at the capture of Fort Blakely , Alabama . He was appointed 2nd lieutenant in the 19th U . S . infantry ( regular army ) in 1866 , serving on the frontier in New Mexico and Kansas during Indian hostilities . In 1872 , he was transferred to the 3rd U . S . Artillery . He graduated from the artillery school in 1873 , and was in the Philippine service ( see Spanish - American War and Philippine - American War ) , 1898 - 1901 , as major of the 3d United States Artillery , colonel of the 35th United States Volunteers , brigadier - general of the United States volunteers and brigadier general of the United States Army . He was in command of joint army and naval expedition to open the hemp ports to commerce and was made military governor of Mindanao and Jolo . He commanded the Department of Dakota at Saint Paul from 1902 until retired as major - general in 1904 . Family . On June 26 , 1867 , he married Isabella Hoffman at Ft . Leavenworth , Kansas . The New York music critic Gustav Kobbé was his brother .
Battle of Loyew ( 1649 ) The Battle of Loyew ( , ) , was a battle of the Khmelnytsky Uprising . Near the site of the present - day town of Loyew in Belarus , a numerically superior force of Cossacks under the command of Cossack warleaders Stepan Pobodailo and Mykhailo Krychevsky was defeated by the Polish - Lithuanian Commonwealth forces under the command of hetman Janusz Radziwiłł . Radziwiłł was able to engage the Cossack forces before they merged . First , he defeated the army of Krychevsky , who was mortally wounded ; then he defeated Pobodailo ' s army . Before the battle . A Cossack army under Stepan Pobodailo ( Stiepan Podobajła ) with a force of about 7 , 000 took Loyew in summer of 1649 and began using it as an operational base in the region , from which they staged a series of pillaging raids . Hetman Janusz Radziwiłł took the Lithuanian army ( about 6 , 000 strong , including about 800 Polish hussars , 1 , 000 infantry , the rest , lighter cavalry ) in the field to challenge him . Bohdan Khmelnytsky , leader of the Cossacks , learned about Radziwiłł ' s plans while besieging Zbarazh . He sent part of his forces , an army of about 10 , 000 , under another Cossack leader , Mykhailo Krychevsky ( Stanisław Krzeczowski ) , to support Podobajła against the Commonwealth . On 23 July the Commonwealth army approached Loyew on the right bank of the Dnieper River . Pobodailo ' s fortified camp was on the left , and Radziwiłł decided to start a siege by shelling the Cossack ' s camp with his artillery over the river . Battle . When Radziwiłł learned of the approaching Cossack reinforcements under Krychevsky , he sent 2 , 000 of his cavalry to scout the enemy , but Krychevsky avoided them and attacked the main Commonwealth army . The Cossack assault was however broken by Commonwealth artillery and infantry fire . Radziwiłł then assaulted the Cossacks with his cavalry , but it was encircled by the Cossacks and would have been destroyed if the rest of the Commonwealth cavalry , returning from the failed scouting mission , hadn ' t arrived at that moment and turned the tables . The remains of Krychevsky ' s army took up positions in a wagon fort . Initial attempts by the Commonwealth army to take the new Cossack positions failed . In the meantime , Pobodailo ' s troops crossed the river to help their allies , but were defeated by the Commonwealth . After that , the Commonwealth ' s final assault on the wagon fort succeeded , with the hussars dismounting and taking to battle on foot . Krychevsky , mortally wounded , was taken prisoner . Radziwiłł collected about 40 Cossack banner from the field . Samuel Orgelbrand gave Cossack losses at 3 , 000 men , 2 artillery pieces and 12 banners . Aftermath . Commonwealth forces retook control of the region , but lack of supplies prevented Radziwiłł from advancing on Kiev . Radziwiłl was rewarded by the king with possessions at Nevel , Sebezh and Krasne . Not content with those rewards , he would later betray the Commonwealth . Another battle would take place in the same area two years later .
William W . Winegar William Wirt Winegar ( 1844 – 1916 ) was a Union Army officer during the American Civil War . He received the Medal of Honor for gallantry during the Battle of Five Forks fought on April 1 , 1865 southwest of Petersburg , Virginia . The battle was part of the Appomattox Campaign and was a victory for Union forces under Maj . Gen . Philip H . Sheridan over Confederate Maj . Gen . George E . Pickett . Winegar enlisted in the Army from Mount Morris , New York in August 1862 . He was commissioned as an officer in November 1864 , and mustered out with his regiment in June 1865 . Medal of Honor citation . “ The President of the United States of America , in the name of Congress , takes pleasure in presenting the Medal of Honor to First Lieutenant ( Cavalry ) William W . Winegar , United States Army , for extraordinary heroism on 1 April 1865 , while serving with Company B , 19th New York Cavalry ( 1st New York Dragoons ) , in action at Five Forks , Virginia . While advancing in front of his company and alone , First Lieutenant Winegar found himself surrounded by the enemy . He accosted a nearby enemy flag - bearer demanding the surrender of the group . His effective firing of one shot so demoralized the unit that it surrendered with flag . ” The Medal was awarded on May 3 , 1865 .