naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Robert Fulton ( Royal Marines officer ) Lieutenant General Sir Robert Henry Gervase Fulton ( born 21 December 1948 ) is a former Royal Marines officer who became Governor of Gibraltar . Career . Educated at Eton College and at the University of East Anglia where he graduated as a BA , Fulton joined the Royal Marines in 1972 . After serving as a junior officer for a number of years he was appointed to the Staff College at Warminster . He became a Company Commander in 42 Commando in 1983 and then undertook various staff appointments before joining the Directing Staff of the Army Staff College , Camberley in 1990 . He was appointed Commanding Officer of 42 Commando in 1992 , Assistant Director for CIS Operational Requirements in 1994 and a member of the Rapid Reaction Force Operations Staff in UNPROFOR in 1995 . After attending the Royal College of Defence Studies and then the Higher Command and Staff Course in 1996 , he became Commander of 3 Commando Brigade in 1997 , Commandant General Royal Marines in 1998 and Equipment Capability Manager at the Ministry of Defence in 2001 . In 2003 was promoted to Lieutenant General , on appointment as Deputy Chief of the Defence Staff ( Equipment Capability ) . In September 2006 Sir Robert took over as Governor of Gibraltar . He was the first Governor to see a change to the Gibraltar constitution since 1967 . His term ended in October 2009 . In April 2007 it was announced that Fulton would lead an inquiry into the capture of 15 British military personnel by Iranian forces . In July 2010 he became the Chief Executive Officer of the Global Leadership Foundation . Fulton is also a Court Assistant of the Worshipful Company of Haberdashers and a Freeman of the City of London . Family . Sir Robert married Midge " née " Free in 1975 and they have two sons . | - External links .
Frederick Ashworth Vice Admiral Frederick Lincoln " Dick " Ashworth ( January 24 , 1912 – December 3 , 2005 ) was a United States Navy officer who served as the weaponeer on the B - 29 " Bockscar " that dropped the atomic bomb " Fat Man " on Nagasaki , Japan on August 9 , 1945 during World War II . Early life . A native of Beverly , Massachusetts , Ashworth graduated from Beverly High School in 1928 . He graduated from the U . S . Naval Academy in 1933 . Naval career . Holding the rank of commander , he became Director of Operations for Project Alberta , the portion of the Manhattan Project tasked with dropping of the weapons on Japan , and selected Tinian as the location of its operating airbase . The director of Project Alberta , Captain William Parsons , had been weaponeer during the first mission August 6 , when Hiroshima had been bombed . Prior to his being named to Project Alberta , Ashworth had been commander of Torpedo Squadron Eleven ( VT - 11 ) , a Grumman TBF Avenger unit based on Guadalcanal and the USS " Hornet " . Ashworth remained in the Navy after the war and was Commandant of Midshipmen at the United States Naval Academy in 1958 . He was promoted to vice admiral and served as commander of the United States Sixth Fleet from 1966 until his retirement in 1968 . Retirement . Frederick L . Ashworth lived for over three decades in Santa Fe , New Mexico . He died in Phoenix , Arizona at the age of 93 .
Ugolny Airport Ugolny Airport ( ) ( also Leninka , Ugolnyye Kopi , Ugolnoye ) is a mixed - use military and civil airfield in Siberia located 11 km east of Anadyr , separated from the town by the waters of Anadyrsky Liman . The airfield was originally constructed sometime in the 1950s as a staging base for Long Range Aviation bombers such as the Tupolev Tu - 95 and Tupolev Tu - 22M ( as a so - called ' bounce ' airdrome ) , but during the Cold War years it become the primary hub for civilian flights in the Chukotka region . Though the Soviet - built Ilyushin Il - 62 was a workhorse of the route from Moscow Domodedovo International Airport to Anadyr for many decades , in 2006 Transaero began placing US - built Boeing 767 - 300 aircraft on the route . There is occasional charter aircraft service from Nome , Alaska to Anadyr . Anadyr ' s history as a bomber base dates back to the 1950s and the Russian Air Force ' s OGA ( Arctic Control Group ) is responsible for maintaining the facility . Interceptors such as the Sukhoi Su - 15 TM were based at Anadyr from the 1960s to the early 1990s ; in 1982 , the 171st Fighter Aviation Regiment PVO was transferred from Bombora airfield , Gudauta , in the Abkhazian ASSR of the Georgian SSR to Ugolny . The 171st Regiment reported to the 23rd Air Defence Corps , 11th PVO Army . The regiment was disbanded in 1992 . No fighters are currently based there . In 2001 the airfield was visited by Tupolev Tu - 95 MS and Ilyushin Il - 78 aircraft on exercise from Engels air base . It was featured in the American novel Flight of the Old Dog . Owing to its geographic location , its long , concrete - reinforced , heavy load - bearing runway , as well as its modern terminal with jet bridge s , the airport is well - suited and well - situated for emergency diversion at roughly the midpoint of the northern route trans - Pacific routes . On 2 July 2013 a Korean Air Boeing 777 - 300 performing a scheduled flight from Chicago to Seoul made an emergency landing at Ugolny after one of its engines had quit in flight . Ground transportation . The airport is located on the opposite site of the Anadyr River compared to the city . Transport by summer is by boat , by winter by a road on the ice , and for a period in spring and fall , only helicopter .
David Thwaites ( flying ace ) David F . Thwaites was an aviator in the United States Army Air Corps during World War II . He became a fighter ace piloting the P - 47 Thunderbolt as a member of the 361st Fighter Squadron of the 356th Fighter Group . Thwaites , based out of RAF Martlesham Heath in England was the second highest scoring pilot in his squadron , with six confirmed victories and the only pilot of the 356th FG to score all of his victories while serving with the group . He scored his victories using three different P - 47s however he nicknamed them all " Polly " . Following the completion of his tour in September 1944 he returned to the United States and became an instructor . Following the surrender of Germany , Thwaites was stationed in Germany and on August 19 , 1946 , while a member of the 396th Fighter Squadron / 368th Fighter Group , his P - 47 Thunderbolt was involved in an aerial collision in the vicinity of Borkum .
70th Infantry Division ( United Kingdom ) The 70th Infantry Division was a British Army division during the Second World War . History . This formation had a brief history during the Second World War . It was formed originally in the Middle East from units stationed in Egypt , Palestine , Cyprus and ( later ) in Crete , as the regular British 6th Infantry Division . It was then redesignated as the 70th Division on 10 October 1941 . ( The reason for the change of designation is unknown . The new number was a vacant one in the List of British divisions in World War I ; however , 6th Armoured Division had been created on 12 September 1941 , and 7th Inf Div had previously reported to be redesignated to avoid confusion with 7th Armoured Division . ) The division ' s only action as a complete formation was during the defense of Tobruk , when it was brought in by sea to relieve the Australian 9th Division . Under the command of Major General Ronald MacKenzie Scobie the 70th Division led the break out from Tobruk during Operation Crusader in order to link up with the Eighth Army . In the three - day battle the lead battalions of the 70th Division ( the 2nd Black Watch and the 2nd York and Lancs . Regt . ) suffered heavy casualties . After successfully linking up with Eighth Army the Division was sent back to Alexandria and then shipped to India after Japan entered the war by attacking British , Dutch and United States territories in South East Asia and the Pacific Ocean . On arrival in India , the division was first broken up and dispersed through Bengal , Assam and Bihar to perform internal security duties . Once the widespread disorders which resulted from the early British defeats in South East Asia and demands for the British to " Quit India " had died down , the division was concentrated for jungle training . Some units were briefly deployed to the Arakan front after a British offensive there was defeated in early 1943 . Late in 1943 , Major General Orde Wingate secured approval for a major expansion of his " Special Force " , widely known as the Chindits . As he refused to use British Indian Army units , the 70th Division was broken up on orders from the highest military authorities and absorbed into " Special Force " on October 25 , 1943 . This was carried out in spite of protests from General Claude Auchinleck , Commander - in - Chief in India and Lieutenant General William Slim , commanding the British Fourteenth Army , both of whom insisted that 70th Division could have far more value fighting as a cohesive , well - trained and battle - hardened formation than as part of the " Chindits " . Nevertheless , the units of 70th Division were reformed into Long Range Penetration formations for the Second Chindit Expedition of 1944 ( Codenamed Operation Thursday ) . Structure . 14th Infantry Brigade . 70 Infantry Division 10 Oct 41 - 11 May 43 & 27 Jun - 24 Oct 43 16th Infantry Brigade . 70 Infantry Division 22 Oct 41 - 26 Feb 42 & 8 Feb - 24 Oct 43 23rd Infantry Brigade ' . 70 Infantry Division 10 Oct 41 - 22 Apr 43 & 15 Jun - 24 Oct 43
Theodoros Manetas Theodoros Manetas ( , 1881 – 1947 ) was a Greek Army officer who rose to the rank of Lieutenant General and served as Chief of the Hellenic Army General Staff in 1931 – 1933 . He also served thrice in ministerial positions and was elected to parliament in 1946 . Military career . He was born in Tripoli in 1881 , the son of the politician Panagiotis Manetas , the youngest brother of Lieutenant General Konstantinos Manetas and of the politician Ioannis Manetas . After finishing school , he enrolled in the Hellenic Army Academy and graduated on 6 July 1902 as an Artillery Second Lieutenant . He was promoted to Lieutenant in 1909 , and spent the period 1910 – 1912 studying in France . He returned to take part in the Balkan Wars of 1912 – 1913 as a battery commander , and was promoted to Captain in 1913 and Major in 1915 . During World War I , he joined the Venizelist Movement of National Defence and fought in the Macedonian Front leading artillery battalions and regiments . In 1917 he was promoted to Lt . Colonel and assigned as head of the Personnel Department in the Ministry of Military Affairs . In 1918 he was re - assigned to the front , assuming the post of artillery chief of the Cretan Division and taking part in the Battle of Doiran . In 1919 he was promoted to full Colonel , but was dismissed from the Army in November 1920 following the Venizelist electoral defeat . After the disastrous defeat of the Greek army in Anatolia by the Turkish nationalist forces in August 1922 and the subsequent outbreak of a military revolt , he was recalled to active service by the new revolutionary government and named Inspector of Artillery . Promoted to Major General in 1924 , he quarrelled with the dictator Theodoros Pangalos in 1925 and resigned , only to be recalled to his post soon after . On 27 October 1928 he was named Vice - Minister of Military Affairs in Eleftherios Venizelos ' cabinet , a post he held until 9 June 1929 . Promoted to Lieutenant General , he was then given command of II Army Corps . In August 1931 , he was appointed Chief of the Army General Staff , remaining at this post until 15 July 1933 , when he re - assumed command of II Corps . he was involved in the unsuccessful Venizelist coup attempt in March 1935 and was dismissed from the Army on 30 April , following the coup ' s suppression . Political career . Following the liberation of Greece from the Axis occupation , on 21 March 1945 Manetas was appointed as Minister Governor - General for Northern Greece in the Nikolaos Plastiras cabinet , a post he held until 16 April , a few days into the Petros Voulgaris cabinet . He then held the post of Minister of Military Affairs in the Themistoklis Sofoulis cabinet , from 22 November 1945 until 4 April 1946 , and was " pro tempore " also Minister of Aviation in 22 – 26 November . Manetas elected to the Hellenic Parliament in the March 1946 elections on the Liberal Party ticket for his home province of Arcadia , holding the seat until his death in 1947 .
Richard Somers Richard Somers ( 1778 or 1779 – 4 September 1804 ) was an officer of the United States Navy , killed during a daring assault on Tripoli . Life . Born at Great Egg Harbor , New Jersey , he attended school in Philadelphia with future naval heroes Stephen Decatur and Charles Stewart . He was appointed midshipman on April 23 , 1797 and served in the West Indies during the Quasi - War with France on the frigate " United States " with Decatur and Stewart , a ship commanded by Captain John Barry . Promoted to lieutenant on May 21 , 1799 , Somers was detached from " United States " on June 13 , 1801 and ordered to " Boston " on 30 July 1801 . He served in the latter frigate in the Mediterranean . After " Boston " returned to Washington , DC , Somers was furlough ed on November 11 , 1802 to await orders . On May 5 , 1803 , Somers was ordered to Baltimore , Maryland , to man , fit out , and command , and when that schooner was ready for sea , to sail her to the Mediterranean . " Nautilus " got underway on 30 June , reached Gibraltar on July 27 , and sailed four days later to Spain . He then returned to Gibraltar to meet Commodore Edward Preble , in " Constitution " , who was bringing a new squadron for action against the Barbary pirates . " Nautilus " sailed with Preble on October 6 to Tangier where the display of American naval strength induced the Europeans of Morocco to renew the treaty of 1786 . Thereafter , Tripoli became the focus of Preble ' s attention . Somers ' service as commanding officer of " Nautilus " during operations against Tripoli won him promotion to Master Commandant on May 18 , 1804 . In the summer , he commanded a division of gunboat s during five attacks on Tripoli , during the First Barbary War . On September 4 , 1804 , Somers assumed command of fire ship " Intrepid " which had been fitted out as a " floating volcano " to be sailed into Tripoli harbor and blown up in the midst of the corsair fleet close under the walls of the city . That night , she got underway into the harbor , but she exploded prematurely , killing Somers and his entire crew of volunteers . Somers is buried in Tripoli , Libya . In 2004 , the New Jersey state assembly passed two resolutions calling for the return of his remains . It is hoped that with the fall of Muammar Gaddafi ' s regime in Libya in August 2011 that the effort to repatriate the remains will finally be successful . Since 1804 , six ships of the US Navy have successively been named the USS " Somers " in his honor . The town of Somers , New York , located in Westchester County is named in his honor . Somers Point , New Jersey , is named after Richard ' s great - grandfather . Every year there is a Richard Somers Day celebration in Somers Point , which is co - sponsored by LibertyandProsperity . org and the Somers Point Historical Society .
Superior Cadet Decoration Award The Superior Cadet Decoration Award is the second highest Department of the Army medal awarded exclusively to Reserve Officers ' Training Corps cadets . This award is presented annually to the outstanding cadet in each year of Military Science at each of the respective ROTC units . As with other Department of the Army decorations , the award consists of a medal , ribbon , and lapel button with case , accompanied by DA Form 1773 ( " Citation for the Superior Cadet Decoration Award " ) signed by the regimental commander on behalf of the Secretary of the Army . In the Army , this award is also known as the Superior Cadet Decoration and the Superior Cadet Medal . Criteria for award . To be awarded this decoration , a cadet must : Design . The medal consists of a lamp , a sword , and a book . The lamp denotes the pursuit of knowledge , higher learning , and partnership of Army ROTC with American colleges and universities . The sword signifies the courage , gallantry , and self - sacrifice intrinsic to the profession of arms . On the reverse is inscribed : " Superior Cadet . " Superior Junior Cadet Decoration Award . There is also a Superior Junior Cadet Decoration Award with similar requirements issued to cadets in the Junior Reserve Officers ' Training Corps and National Defense Cadet Corps . For the JROTC version , the only difference in appearance of the two awards is an inverse of the red and blue colors on the ribbon portion of the medal . Again for the NDCC version , the only design difference is the ribbon portion of the medal . Overlaying a gray background , there is a total of ten vertical red stripes , with five stripes on the left side and five stripes on the right side . To be considered eligible for this award , an individual must be :
EKS ( satellite ) EKS ( apparently standing for meaning Unified Space System ) is a future programme of Russia n early warning satellites and a replacement for the US - KMO and US - K satellites of the Oko programme . These satellites identify ballistic missile launches from outer space and complement early warning radars such as the Voronezh . This gives advance notice of a nuclear attack and would provide information to the A - 135 missile defence system which protects Moscow . Timeline . Information on the new EKS system is scarce but it appears that it was designed by Energia Corp in 1999 - 2000 and was selected against a proposal from Oko manufacturer NPO Lavochkin . The Russian Ministry of Defence awarded the contract to Energia in 2007 with an expected delivery date of 2008 , for a test launch in 2009 . In 2009 it was reported to be delayed until late 2011 / early 2012 . In 2011 the Russian MoD sued Energia for the delay , claiming that a contract extension issued until May 2010 was invalid and asking for 262 million rubles in compensation . According to news reports Energia said that the contract extension was valid and that the problem was with their subcontractors . In addition they said that the Russian MoD kept changing the specification and demanding things that were beyond the capabilities of the industry . The Russian MoD lost the court case . Energia delivered a satellite in 2009 but as of April 2012 there has not been a test launch . In April 2012 minister Alexander Sukhorukov announced that a contract had been signed to manufacture these satellites and that there would be a launch later in 2012 . The last satellites of the previous Oko system were Kosmos 2479 , launched on 30 March 2012 , and Kosmos 2469 , launched on 30 September 2010 . Current system . EKS is designed as a replacement for the current system of early warning satellites called Oko , which had its first launch in 1972 and was described in 2005 as " hopelessly outdated " . Oko has two types of satellites : US - KMO are in geosynchronous orbit s and have an infrared telescope to identify ballistic missile launches . US - K are in molniya orbits and are an earlier model with optical telescopes and infrared sensors . The Oko system has two control centres with the main one being Serpukhov - 15 outside Moscow . Oko is part of the Main Centre for Missile Attack Warning which is under the Space Command ( KK ) of the Russian Aerospace Defence Forces .
B - class destroyer The B class was a class of nine destroyer s of the British Royal Navy , ordered as part of the 1928 Naval Estimates , launched in 1930 and that commissioned in 1931 . The class was similar to the preceding A class , with minor modifications . They saw extensive service in the Second World War and five were sunk in combat ; " Blanche " had the unfortunate distinction of being the first British destroyer lost during the war , when she was mined in the Thames Estuary some 2 months after the declaration of war . Design . The main difference between the As and the Bs was that the latter dispensed with the minesweeping gear of the former in lieu of Asdic ( sonar ) and depth charge s to suit them to anti - submarine work . Unlike the A class the flotilla leader , " Keith " , was built upon the same hull as her sisters ; the enlarged leader HMS " Codrington " of the A class proved to be tactically incompatible with her flotilla as she was both a number of knots faster and had a much greater tactical radius . As a result , " Keith " was too small to accommodate the entirety of Captain ( D ) ' s staff , and " Blanche " was fitted as a divisional leader to carry the surplus . Wartime modifications . The early losses likely had few modifications ; restricted to replacing the after set of torpedo tubes with a QF 12 pounder anti - aircraft ( A / A ) gun - if at all . Like their contemporary older British destroyers , the B class were cascaded into convoy escort work as new vessels became available for fleet work . Modifications generally involved the aforementioned addition of the 12 pounder and striking the mainmast to improve the weapon ' s field of fire . ' Y ' gun was landed to increase the space available for depth charge gear . The cumbersome metric wavelength Radar Type 286 was added to some ships as it became available . Based on the Royal Air Force ' s ASV set , and intended to warn against surfaced submarines , it had a fixed antenna that scanned in a forward arc , requiring the ship ' s heading to be changed in order to alter the search direction . The 12 pounder gun was later removed from surviving ships , extra depth charges being carried in lieu . The 2 pounder guns were also replaced by QF 20 mm Oerlikon guns as they became available , with a further pair of the latter added in place of the searchlight position . " Bulldog " later received a further pair for a total of six Oerlikons . " Beagle " , " Brilliant " and " Bulldog " later received a much improved radar set in place of the rangefinder and director equipment ; the centimetric wavelength Type 271 that combined the enormous advances of the cavity magnetron and the plan position indicator , resulting in a highly useful set that could detect a submarine periscope in the correct conditions . " Bulldog " and " Beagle " lost ' A ' gun , gaining a Hedgehog ahead - throwing A / S weapon in its place . " Bulldog " received a QF 2 pounder Mk . VIII gun mounted as a bow chaser in 1944 , to deal with the threat posed by German E boat s .