Falkland Islands sovereignty dispute Sovereignty over the Falkland Islands ( " Islas Malvinas " in Spanish ) is disputed between Argentina and the United Kingdom . The British claim to sovereignty dates from 1690 , and the United Kingdom has exercised " de facto " sovereignty over the archipelago almost continuously since 1833 . Argentina has long disputed this claim , having been in control of the islands for a brief period prior to 1833 . The dispute escalated in 1982 , when Argentina invaded the islands , precipitating the Falklands War . Contemporary Falkland Islanders prefer to remain British . They gained full British citizenship with the British Nationality ( Falkland Islands ) Act 1983 , after British victory in the Falklands War . Historical basis of the dispute . French settlement . France was the first country to establish de facto control in the Falkland Islands , with the foundation of Port Saint Louis in East Falkland by French nobleman , Louis Antoine de Bougainville , in 1764 . The French colony consisted of a small fort and some settlements with a population of around 250 . The Islands were named after the Breton port of St . Malo as the " Îles Malouines " , which remains the French name for the islands . In 1766 , France agreed to leave the islands to Spain , with Spain reimbursing de Bougainville and the St . Malo Company for the cost of the settlement . France insisted that Spain maintain the colony in Port Louis and thus prevent Britain from claiming the title to the Islands and Spain agreed . Spanish settlement . In 1493 the Pope Alexander VI issued a Papal bull , " Inter caetera " , dividing the New World between Spain and Portugal . The following year , the Treaty of Tordesillas between those countries agreed that the dividing line between the two should be 370 leagues west of the Cape Verde Islands . The Falklands lie on the western ( Spanish ) side of this line . Spain made claims that the Falkland Islands were held under provisions in the 1713 which settled the limits of the Spanish Empire in the Americas . However , the treaty only promised to restore the territories in the Americas held prior to the War of the Spanish Succession . The Falkland Islands was not held at the time , and were not mentioned in the treaty . When Spain discovered the British and French colonies on the Islands , a diplomatic row broke out among the claimants . In 1766 , Spain and France , who were allies at the time , agreed that France would hand over Port Saint Louis , and Spain would repay the cost of the settlement . France insisted that Spain maintain the colony in Port Louis and thus prevent Britain from claiming the title to the Islands and Spain agreed . Spain and Great Britain enjoyed uneasy relations at the time , and no corresponding agreement was reached . The Spanish took control of Port Saint Louis and renamed it Puerto Soledad in 1767 . On 10 June 1770 , a Spanish expedition expelled the British colony at Port Egmont , and Spain took de facto control of the Islands . Spain and Great Britain came close to war over the issue , but instead , concluded a treaty on 22 January 1771 , allowing the British to return to Port Egmont with neither side relinquishing sovereignty claims . The British returned in 1771 but withdrew from the islands in pursuance of a system of retrenchment in 1774 , leaving behind a flag and a plaque representing their claim to ownership . The British withdrawal was completed in 1776 , leaving Spain in de facto control . From 1774 to 1811 , the islands were ruled as part of the Viceroyalty of the River Plate . In that period , 18 governors were appointed to rule the islands . In 1777 , Governor Ramon de Carassa was ordered to destroy the remains at Port Egmont . The British plaque was removed and sent to Buenos Aires . Spanish troops remained at Port Louis , known then as Port Soledad , until 1811 when Governor Pablo Guillen Martinez was called back to Montevideo as the revolutionary forces spread through the continent . He left behind a plaque claiming sovereignty for Spain . British settlements . The British first landed on the Falklands in 1690 , when Captain John Strong sailed through Falkland Sound , naming this passage of water after Anthony Cary , 5th Viscount of Falkland , the First Lord of the Admiralty at that time . The British were keen to settle the islands as they had the potential to be a strategic naval base for passage around Cape Horn . In 1765 , Captain John Byron landed on Saunders Island . He then explored the coasts of the other islands claiming the archipelago for Britain . The following year , Captain John MacBride returned to Saunders Island and constructed a fort named Port Egmont . The British later discovered the French colony at Port Saint Louis ( founded 1764 ) , initiating the first sovereignty dispute . In 1770 a Spanish military expedition was sent to the islands after authorities in Buenos Aires became aware of the British colony . Facing a greater force , the British were expelled from Port Egmont . The colony was restored a year later following British threats of war over the islands . However , in 1774 , economic pressures leading up to the American Revolutionary War forced Great Britain to withdraw from the Falklands along with many of its other overseas settlements . By 1776 the British had left Port Egmont , leaving behind a plaque asserting British sovereignty over the islands . Although there was no British administration in the islands , British and American sealers routinely used them to hunt for seals , also taking on fresh water as well as feral cattle , pigs and even penguins for provisions . Whalers also used the islands to shelter from the South Atlantic weather and to take on fresh provisions . Luis Vernet approached the British for permission to build a settlement at the former Spanish settlement of Puerto Soledad , initially in 1826 and again in 1828 following the failure of the earlier 1824 expedition . In addition , Vernet requested British protection for his settlement in the event of their returning to the Islands . After receiving assurances from the British minister chargé d ' affaires , Sir Woodbine Parish , Vernet provided regular reports to the British on the progress of his enterprise . Vernet ' s appointment as Governor in 1829 was protested against by the British Consul Parish , and in return the Government of the United Provinces of the River Plate merely acknowledged the protest . Britain protested again when Vernet announced his intentions to exercise exclusive rights over fishing and sealing in the islands . ( Similar protests were received from the American representative , who protested at the curtailment of established rights and that the United States did not recognise the jurisdiction of the United Provinces over the islands . ) Vernet continued to provide regular reports to Parish throughout this period . The raid of the in December 1831 combined with the United Provinces assertions of sovereignty were the spur for the British to establish a military presence on the islands . On 2 January 1833 , Captain James Onslow , of the brig - sloop HMS " Clio " , arrived at the Spanish settlement at Port Louis to request that the Argentine flag be replaced with the British one , and for the Argentine administration to leave the islands . While Argentine Lt . Col . José María Pinedo , commander of the Argentine schooner " Sarandí " , wanted to resist , his numerical disadvantage was obvious , particularly as a large number of his crew were British mercenaries who were unwilling to fight their own countrymen . Such a situation was not unusual in the newly independent states in Latin America , where land forces were strong , but navies were frequently quite undermanned . As such he protested verbally , but departed without a fight on 5 January . The colony was set up and the islands continued under a British presence until the Falklands War . After their return in 1833 , the British began moves to begin a fully - fledged colony on the islands , initially based upon the settlers remaining in Port Louis . Vernet ' s deputy , Matthew Brisbane , returned later that year to take charge of the settlement and was encouraged to further Vernet ' s business interests provided he did not seek to assert Argentine Government authority . In 1841 , General Rosas offered to relinquish any Argentine territorial claims in return for relief of debts owed to Barings Bank in the City of London . The British Government chose to ignore the offer . A British colonial administration was formed in 1842 . This was expanded in 1908 , when in addition to South Georgia claimed in 1775 , and the South Shetland Islands claimed in 1820 the UK unilaterally declared sovereignty over more Antarctic territory south of the Falklands , including the South Sandwich Islands , the South Orkney Islands , and Graham Land , grouping them into the Falkland Islands Dependencies . In 1850 , the Arana - Southern Treaty otherwise known as the was signed between Britain and Argentina . The Convention was referred to as a “ peace treaty ” many times by both sides ; it represented a considerable triumph for General Juan Manuel de Rosas . Several authors , both Argentine and British , argue by failing to mention Argentina ’ s claim to the islands in the Convention , he effectively dropped it by acquiescence . The Convention of Settlement ended Argentina ’ s protests over the Falklands . After the Message to Congress in December 1849 , the Falklands were not mentioned again in the Messages to Congress for 91 years until 1941 . Following the introduction of the Antarctic Treaty System in 1959 the Falkland Island Dependencies were reduced to include South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands . Territory south of the 60th parallel was formed into a new dependency , the British Antarctic Territory which overlaps claims by Argentina ( Argentine Antarctica ) and Chile ( Antártica Chilena Province ) . In 1976 the British Government commissioned a study on the future of the Falklands , looking at the ability of the Islands to sustain themselves , and the potential for economic development . The study was led by Lord Shackleton , son of the Antarctic explorer , Ernest Shackleton . Argentina reacted with fury to the study and refused to allow Lord Shackleton permission to travel to the Islands from Argentina , forcing the British to send a Royal Navy ship to transport him to the Islands . In response Argentina severed diplomatic links with the UK . An Argentine naval vessel later fired upon the ship carrying Shackleton as he visited his father ' s grave in South Georgia . Shackleton ' s report found that contrary to popular belief , the Falkland Islands actually provided a surplus by its economic activities and was not dependent on British aid to survive . However the report stressed the need for a political settlement if further economic growth was to be achieved , particularly from the exploitation of any natural resources in the water around the Islands . Argentine settlements . Argentina declared its independence from Spain in 1816 , although this was not then recognised by any of the major powers . Britain informally recognized Argentine independence on 15 December 1823 , as the " province of Buenos Aires " , and formally recognised it on 2 February 1825 , but like the US did not recognise the full extent of the territory claimed by the new state . The new state , the United Provinces of the River Plate , was formed by provinces of the former Viceroyalty of the River Plate and as such claimed sovereignty over the Falklands . In October 1820 , the frigate " Heroína " , under the command of American privateer Colonel David Jewett , arrived in Puerto Soledad following an eight - month voyage and with most of her crew incapacitated by scurvy and disease . A storm had severely damaged the " Heroína " and had sunk a Portuguese ship pirated by Jewett called the " Carlota " . The captain sought assistance from the British explorer James Weddell to put the ship into harbour . Weddell reported that only thirty seamen and forty soldiers out of a complement of two hundred were fit for duty , and that Jewett slept with pistols over his head following an attempted mutiny . On 6 November 1820 , Jewett raised the flag of the United Provinces of the River Plate and claimed possession of the islands for the new state . Weddell reported that the letter he received from Jewett read : Many modern authors report this letter as the declaration issued by Jewett . Captain William Orne of the American Schooner " General Knox " seems to have missed Jewett ’ s possession ceremony , and Jewett gave him a letter informing him of the claim . On returning to his home port , Salem , Massachusetts , Captain Orne gave Jewett ’ s letter to the local paper , the Salem Gazette , which published it on 8 June 1821 , and it was reprinted by The Times in London on 3 August 1821 . The Times reprint of the Orne letter was then repeated in a Gibraltar paper and was picked up by the Spanish paper Redactor de Cádiz . It was only when the Cadiz report reached Buenos Aires , as a foreign news story , that Jewett ’ s claim to the Falklands become known in Argentina . It was published in the Buenos Aires Argos on 10 November 1821 , over a year after the event . Jewett ' s own report to the government of Buenos Aires does not mention any claim to the Falkland Islands . Weddell did not believe that Jewett was acting with the interests of the United Provinces in mind but , rather , had merely put into the harbour in order to obtain refreshments for his crew , ensure that they did not desert the ship , capture any Spanish prize ships and that Jewett ' s assumption of possession was chiefly intended to secure an exclusive claim to the wreck of the French ship " Uranie " , which had foundered at the entrance of Berkeley Sound a few months earlier . Weddell left the islands on 20 November 1820 , noting that Jewett had not yet completed repairs to the " Heroína " . In 1823 , the Buenos Aires government granted land on East Falkland to Jorge Pacheco , a businessman from Buenos Aires who owed money to the merchant Luis Vernet . A first expedition travelled to the islands the following year , arriving on the East Falkland Island February 2 , 1824 , deemed as " a failure " by author Mary Cawkell . Its leader was Pablo Areguatí , who brought with him 25 gauchos . Ten days later Areguatí wrote that the colony was perishing because the horses they had brought were too weak to be used , thus they could not capture wild cattle and their only other means of subsistence were wild rabbits . June 7 , Areguatí left the islands , taking with him 17 gauchos . July 24 , the remaining 8 gauchos were rescued by the " Susannah Anne " , a British sealer . After the failure , Pacheco agreed to sell his share to Vernet . A second attempt , in 1826 , sanctioned by the British ( but delayed until winter by a Brazilian blockade ) , also failed after arrival in the islands . In 1828 , the Buenos Aires government granted Vernet all of East Falkland , including all its resources , with exemption from taxation for 20 years , if a colony could be established within three years . He took settlers , including British Captain Matthew Brisbane , and before leaving once again sought permission from the British Consulate in Buenos Aires . The British asked for a report on the islands for the British government , and Vernet asked for British protection should they return . On Vernet ' s return to the Falklands , Puerto Soledad was renamed Puerto Luis . The Buenos Aires Government , headed by General Juan Galo de Lavalle ( who took the governorship by force on December 1 , 1828 , and executed the elected governor Manuel Dorrego ) appointed Vernet " Political and Military Commander " in a decree of June 13 , 1829 . The British objected as an Argentine attempt to foster political and economic ties to the islands . One of Vernet ' s first acts was to curb seal hunting on the Islands to conserve the dwindling seal population . In response , the British consul at Buenos Aires protested the move and restated the claim of his government . Islanders were born during this period ( including Malvina María Vernet y Saez , Vernet ' s daughter ) . Vernet later seized three American ships , the " Harriet " , " Superior " and " Breakwater " for breaking his restrictions on seal hunting . The " Breakwater " escaped to raise the alarm and the " Superior " was allowed to continue its work for Vernet ' s benefit . Property on board the " Harriet " was seized and Vernet returned with it to Buenos Aires for the Captain to stand trial . The American Consul in Argentina protested Vernet ' s actions and stated that the United States did not recognise Argentine sovereignty in the Falklands . The consul dispatched a warship , the USS " Lexington " , to Puerto Luis to retake the confiscated property . By 1831 , the colony was successful enough to be advertising for new colonists , although a report by the captain of the " Lexington " suggests that the conditions on the islands were quite miserable . The captain of the " Lexington " in his report asserts that he destroyed the settlement ' s powder store and spiked the guns , however it was later claimed that during the raid the Argentine settlement at Puerto Luis was destroyed . Upon leaving to return to Montevideo , the captain of the " Lexington " declared the islands to be " res nullius " ( the property of no one ) . ( Darwin ' s visit in 1833 confirmed the squalid conditions in the settlement , although Captain Matthew Brisbane ( Vernet ' s deputy ) later insisted that those were the result of the attack by the " Lexington " . ) Vernet having returned to Buenos Aires in 1831 before the " Lexington ' s " attack resigned as governor . An interim governor , Esteban José Francisco Mestivier , was appointed by the Buenos Aires Government , who with his family arrived at Puerto Luis aboard the schooner " Sarandí " in October 1832 . Mestivier ' s appointment again drew protests from the British consul in Buenos Aires . The " Sarandí " , under the command of its captain , José María Pinedo , then began to patrol the surrounding seas . Upon its return to Puerto Luis on 29 December 1832 , the " Sarandí " found the colony in an uproar . In Pinedo ' s absence there had been a mutiny led by a man named Gomila ; Mestivier had been murdered and his wife raped . The captain of the French vessel " Jean Jacques " had meanwhile provided assistance disarming and incarcerating the mutineers . Pinedo dispatched the mutineers to Buenos Aires with the British schooner " Rapid " . Gomila would be condemned to exile , while six other mutineers were executed . On 2 January 1833 , Captain John Onslow arrived and delivered written requests that Pinedo lower the Argentine flag in favour of the British one , and that the Argentine administration leave the islands . Pinedo asked if war had been declared between Argentina and Great Britain ; Onslow replied that it had not . Nonetheless , Pinedo , heavily outmanned and outgunned , left the islands under protest , with the Argentine flag being lowered by British officers and delivered to him . Argentines subsequently claimed that the population of Puerto Luis was expelled at the same time , though sources from the time dispute this , suggesting that the colonists were encouraged to remain under Vernet ' s deputy , Matthew Brisbane . It is also documented that at least 27 members of Vernet ' s colony were still in residence in the islands in July 1833 . Back on the mainland , Pinedo faced court martial ; he was suspended for four months and transferred to the army , though he was recalled to the navy in 1845 . Sovereignty dispute . In 1833 , Manuel Moreno ( representing the United Provinces ) protested against the British occupation of the islands , and the issue was then debated annually in the Argentine Congress until 1849 with a formal protest issued each year . The British rejected the initial protest , and did not answer the subsequent protests . The matter was not raised again in Congress until 1941 . The 1850 , otherwise known as the Arana - Southern Treaty , which did not mention the islands , agreed to restore " perfect relations of friendship " between the two countries . There were no further protests until 1885 , when Argentina included the Falkland Islands in an officially sponsored map . In 1888 , Argentina made an offer to have the matter subject to arbitration but this was rejected by the British Government . Other than the protest lodged in 1885 , the British Government did not acknowledge any further protests by Argentina until the 1940s , although the official position of the Argentine Government is that " During the first half of the twentieth century , the successive Argentine governments made it standard practice to submit protests to the United Kingdom " . The Argentine Government does not identify these annual protests but authors such as Roberto Laver claim at least " 27 sovereignty claims , both to Britain , domestically in Argentina and to international bodies " . In International Law , territorial claims are usually considered defunct if there is a gap of 50 years or more between protests over sovereignty . Following World War II , the British Empire declined and colonies in Asia , Africa and the Caribbean gained their independence . Argentina saw this as an opportunity to push its case for gaining sovereignty over the Falkland Islands and raised the issue in the United Nations , first stating its claim after joining the UN in 1945 . Following the Argentine claim , the United Kingdom offered to take the dispute over the Falkland Island Dependencies to mediation at the International Court of Justice in The Hague ( 1947 , 1948 and 1955 ) ; on each occasion Argentina declined . In 1964 , the United Nations passed a resolution calling on the UK and Argentina to proceed with negotiations on finding a peaceful solution to the sovereignty question which would be " bearing in mind the provisions and objectives of the Charter of the United Nations and of General Assembly resolution 1514 ( XV ) and the interests of the population of the Falkland Islands ( Malvinas ) . " A series of talks between the two nations took place over the next 17 years until 1981 but failed to reach a conclusion on sovereignty . Although the sovereignty discussions had some success in establishing economic and transport links between the Falklands and Argentina , there was no progress on the question of sovereignty of the Islands . Following the signing of the Communications Agreement , on 3 July 1971 the Argentine Air Force broke the islands ' airways isolation by opening an air route with an amphibious flight from Comodoro Rivadavia with Grumman HU - 16B Albatross aircraft operated by LADE , Argentina ' s military airline . In 1972 , after an Argentine request , the United Kingdom agreed to allow Argentina to construct a temporary air strip near Stanley . On 15 November 1972 a temporary runway was inaugurated with the first arrival of a Fokker F - 27 with subsequent flights arriving twice weekly . Flights were improved in 1978 with Fokker F - 28 jets following the completion of a permanent runway funded by the British Government . This service , representing the only connection by air to the islands , was maintained until the 1982 war . Also YPF , which was then the Argentine national oil and gas company , was in charge of supplying the island regularly . Whilst maintaining the British claim , the British Government considered transfer of sovereignty less than two years before outbreak of war . However , the British Government had limited room for manoeuvre owing to the strength of the Falkland Islands lobby in the Houses of Parliament . Any measure that the Foreign Office suggested on the sovereignty issue was loudly condemned by the Islanders , who reiterated their determination to remain British . This led to the British Government maintaining a position that the right to self - determination of the Islanders was paramount . In return , Argentina did not recognise the rights of the Islanders and so negotiations on the sovereignty issue effectively remained at a stalemate . In 1976 , Argentina landed an expedition in Southern Thule , an island in the South Sandwich Islands which at that time was part of the Falkland Islands Dependency . The landing was reported in the UK only in 1978 although the UK government stated a rejection of the notion of sending a force of Royal Marines to dismantle the Argentine base Corbeta Uruguay . However , a more serious confrontation occurred in 1977 after the Argentine Navy cut off the fuel supply to Port Stanley Airport and stated they would no longer fly the Red Ensign in Falklands waters . ( Traditionally ships in a foreign country ' s waters would fly the country ' s maritime flag as a courtesy . ) The British Government suspected Argentina would attempt another expedition in the manner of its Southern Thule operation . James Callaghan , the British Prime Minister ordered the dispatch of a nuclear submarine , HMS " Dreadnought " and the frigate s " Alacrity " and " Phoebe " to the South Atlantic , with rules of engagement set in the event of a clash with the Argentine navy . The British even considered setting up an exclusion zone around the islands , but this was rejected in case it escalated matters . These events were not made public until Parliamentary debates in 1982 during the Falklands War . Falklands War . The Falklands War of 1982 was the largest and most severe armed conflict over the sovereignty of the islands . It started following the occupation of South Georgia by Argentine scrap merchants whose number included some Argentine Marines . However the UK had also reduced its presence in the Islands by announcing the withdrawal of HMS " Endurance " , the Royal Navy ' s icebreaker ship and only permanent presence in the South Atlantic . The UK had also denied Falkland Islanders full British citizenship under the British Nationality Act 1981 . In 1982 , Argentina was in the midst of a devastating economic crisis and large - scale civil unrest against the repressive military junta that was governing the country . On 2 April , with Argentine Navy commander - in - chief Admiral Jorge Anaya as the main architect and supporter of the operation , a combined Argentine amphibious force invaded the Islands . Immediately , the UK severed diplomatic ties with Argentina , began to assemble a task force to retake the Islands and a diplomatic offensive began to gain support for economic and military sanctions . The United Nations Security Council issued Resolution 502 calling on Argentina to withdraw forces from the Islands and to both parties to seek a diplomatic solution . Another resolution called for an immediate cease fire but was vetoed by both the United States and Britain . The European Community condemned the invasion and imposed economic sanctions on Argentina , although several EC states expressed reservations about British policy in this area , and two EC states ( Denmark and Ireland ) defected from cooperation . France and Germany also temporarily suspended several military contracts with the Argentine military . The United States supported mediated talks , via Secretary of State Alexander Haig , and initially took a neutral stance , although in private substantial material aid was made available to the UK from the moment of invasion . The USA publicly supported the UK ' s position following the failure of peace talks . The British Task Force began offensive action against Argentina on 23 April 1982 and recaptured South Georgia following a short naval engagement . The operation to recover the Falkland Islands began 1 May and after fierce naval and air engagements an amphibious landing was made at San Carlos Bay on 21 May . On 14 June the Argentine forces surrendered and control of the islands returned to the UK . Following the Argentine surrender , two Royal Navy ships sailed to the South Sandwich Islands and expelled the Argentine military from Thule Island , leaving no Argentine presence in the Falkland Islands Dependencies . Post - war . Following the 1982 war , the British increased their presence in the Falkland Islands . RAF Mount Pleasant was constructed . This allowed fighter jets to be based on the islands and strengthened the UK ' s ability to reinforce the Islands at short notice . The military garrison was substantially increased and a new garrison was established on South Georgia . The Royal Navy South Atlantic patrol was strengthened to include both HMS " Endurance " and a Falkland Islands guard ship . As well as this military build - up , the UK also passed the British Nationality ( Falkland Islands ) Act 1983 , which granted full British citizenship to the islanders . To show British commitment to the islands , high - profile British dignitaries visited the Falklands , including Margaret Thatcher , the Prince of Wales and Princess Alexandra , The Hon Lady Ogilvy . The UK has also pursued links to the islands from Chile , which had provided help to British Forces during the Falklands War . LAN now provides a direct air link to Chile from Mount Pleasant . In 1985 the Falkland Islands Dependencies , comprising at that time the island groups of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands , and Shag Rocks and Clerke Rocks , became a distinct British overseas territory — South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands . Under the 1985 constitution the Falkland Islands Government ( FIG ) became a parliamentary representative democratic dependency , with the governor as head of government and representative of the Queen . Members of the FIG are democratically elected , the Governor is effectively a figurehead . Theoretically the Governor has the power under the 1985 constitution to exercise executive authority , in practice he is obliged to consult the Executive Council in the exercise of his functions . The main responsibilities of the Governor are external affairs and public services . Effectively under this constitution , the Falkland Islands are self - governing with the exception of foreign policy , although the FIG represents itself at the United Nations Special Committee on Decolonisation as the British Government no longer attends . Relations between the UK and Argentina remained hostile following 1982 , and diplomatic relations were not restored until 1989 . Although the United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution calling for the UK and Argentina to return to negotiations over the Islands ' future , the UK ruled out any further talks over the Islands ' sovereignty . The UK have also maintained controls on arms exports to Argentina , although these were relaxed in 1998 . Relations improved further in the 1990s between the UK and Argentina . In 1998 , Carlos Menem , the President of Argentina visited London , where he reaffirmed his country ' s claims to the Islands , although he stated that Argentina would use only peaceful means for their recovery . In 2001 , Tony Blair , Prime Minister of the United Kingdom visited Argentina where he stated that he hoped the UK and Argentina could resolve their differences that led to the 1982 war . However , no talks on sovereignty took place during the visit and Argentina ' s President Néstor Kirchner stated that he regarded gaining sovereignty over the islands as a ' top priority ' of his government . Argentina renewed claims in June 2006 citing concern over fishing and petroleum rights , amid concern when Britain changed from annually granting fishing concessions , to granting a 25 - year concession . On 28 March 2009 , UK Prime Minister Gordon Brown stated that there was “ nothing to discuss ” with Cristina Kirchner , the Argentine president , over sovereignty of the islands , when they met in Chile on his pre - 2009 G - 20 London Summit world tour . On 22 April 2009 Argentina made a formal claim to the UN to an area of the continental shelf encompassing the Falklands , South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands , and parts of Antarctica , citing 11 years worth of maritime survey data . The UK quickly protested these claims . In February 2010 , in response to British plans to begin drilling for oil , the Argentine government announced that ships travelling to the Falklands ( as well as South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands ) would require a permit to use Argentine territorial waters . The British and Falkland governments stated that this announcement did not affect the waters surrounding the islands . Despite the new restrictions , Desire Petroleum began drilling for oil on 22 February , about ( 100 km , 62 mi ) north of the Islands . In 2011 the Mercosur bloc agreed to close ports to ships flying the Falkland Islands flags , while British - flagged ships would continue to be allowed . In March 2013 the Falkland Islanders voted overwhelmingly in a referendum for the territory to remain British . Argentina dismissed the Falkland Islands ' sovereignty referendum . The UK Government urged Argentina and other countries to respect the islanders ' wishes . Current claims . Argentina . The Argentine government has maintained a claim over the Falkland Islands since 1833 , and renewed it as recently as December 2012 . It considers the archipelago part of the Tierra del Fuego Province , along with South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands . Supporters of the Argentine position make the following claims : The Nootka Sound Conventions . In 1789 , both the United Kingdom and Spain attempted settlement in the Nootka Sound , on Vancouver Island . On 25 October 1790 , these two Kingdoms approved the Nootka Sound Convention . The Conventions included provisions recognising that the coasts and islands of South America colonised by Spain at the time were Spanish , and that areas south of the southernmost settlements were off limits to both countries , provided ( in a secret article ) that no third party settled there either . The conventions were unilaterally repudiated by Spain in 1795 but implicitly revived by the Treaty of Madrid in 1814 . The sixth article of the convention states : Whether or not this affected sovereignty over the islands is disputed . The British argue that the agreement did not affect the respective claims and only stipulated that neither party would make further establishments on the coasts or " adjacent " islands already held by Spain . Argentina argues that " the islands adjacent " includes the Falklands and that Britain renounced any claim by the agreements . Constitution of Argentina . The Argentine claim is included in the transitional provisions of the Constitution of Argentina as amended in 1994 : United Kingdom . In 1964 the Argentine government raised the matter at the United Nations in a sub - committee of the Special Committee on the situation with regard to the implementation of the UN Declaration of the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples . In reply the British Representative on the Committee declared that the British Government held that the question of sovereignty over the islands was " not negotiable " . Following a report by the Special Committee , UN Resolution 2065 was passed on 16 December 1965 , at the General Assembly . In its preamble it referred to the UN ' s " cherished aim to bring colonialism to an end everywhere " , and invited both nations to proceed with negotiations to find a peaceful solution bearing in mind " the interests of the population of the Falkland Islands ( Malvinas ) " . In January 1966 the British Foreign Secretary , Michael Stewart , visited Buenos Aires when the Argentine claim to the islands was raised with him , following which , in July , a preliminary meeting was held in London , where the British delegation " formally rejected " the Argentine Ambassador ' s suggestion that Britain ' s occupation of the Islands was illegal . On 2 December 1980 the Minister of State , Foreign and Commonwealth Office , Nicholas Ridley , stated in the House of Commons : " We have no doubt about our sovereignty over the Falkland Islands . . . we have a perfectly valid title " . The British government regards the right of the islanders to self - determination as " paramount " and rejects the idea of negotiations over sovereignty without the islanders ' consent . Supporters of the British position argue : Falkland Islands Constitution . The Falkland Islands Constitution , which came into force on 1 January 2009 , claims the right to self - determination , stating that : International and regional views . Argentina has pursued an aggressive diplomatic agenda , regularly raising the issue and seeking international support . Most Latin America n countries have expressed support for the Argentine position and called for negotiations to restart at regional summits . The People ' s Republic of China has backed Argentina ' s sovereignty claim , reciprocating Argentina ' s support of the Chinese claim to Taiwan . Conversely , the Republic of China on Taiwan acknowledges the British sovereignty of Falkland Islands and ignores the Argentina ' s sovereignty claim as Malvinas . Since 1964 , Argentina has lobbied its case at the Decolonization Committee of the UN , which annually recommends dialogue to resolve the dispute . The UN General Assembly has passed several resolutions on the issue . In 1988 , the General Assembly reiterated a 1965 request that both countries negotiate a peaceful settlement to the dispute and respect the interests of the Falkland Islanders and the principles of UN GA resolution 1514 . The United States and the European Union recognize the de facto administration of the Falkland Islands and take no position over their sovereignty ; however , the EU classifies the islands as an overseas country or territory of the UK , subject to EU law in some areas . The Commonwealth of Nations lists the islands as a British Overseas Territory . At the 2012 OAS summit Canada stated its support for the islanders ' right to self - determination .