Częstochowa Ghetto The Częstochowa Ghetto was a Jewish ghetto set up by Nazi Germany in the city of Częstochowa in south - central Poland , for the purpose of persecution and exploitation of local Jews during the German occupation of Poland . The approximate number of people confined to the ghetto at its beginning was around 40 , 000 and at its peak – right before mass deportations – 48 , 000 . In late 1942 most ghetto inmates were delivered by Holocaust trains to their deaths at the Treblinka extermination camp . In June 1943 , the remaining ghetto inhabitants launched the Częstochowa Ghetto Uprising , which was extinguished after a few days of fighting . Ghetto history . The official order for the creation of the Ghetto was issued on April 9 , 1941 by Stabshauptmann Richard Wendler . In addition to Jews from Częstochowa , more Jews were being brought in from nearby towns and villages including Krzepice , Olsztyn , Mstów , Janów , Przyrów , as well as hundreds of expellees from Polish lands annexed into the Reich at the beginning of war , mostly from Płock and Łódź . The ghetto inhabitants were forced to work as slave labor in the armaments industry , majority in the expanded Polish foundry " Metalurgia " located on Krotka Street ( which had been taken over by the German manufacturer HASAG ) , as well as in other local factories or workshops . The Nazis began liquidating the ghetto on September 22 , 1942 during Operation Reinhard ( the day after Yom Kippur ) . The first wave of deportations concluded on the night of October 7 . The action was carried out by German units together with their Ukrainian and Latvian auxiliaries ( " Hivis " , a . k . a . Trawniki - men ) , under the command of captain of the " Schupo " , Paul Degenhardt . Every day , the Jews were being assembled on Daszyński square for " resettlement " and then transported by the Holocaust cattle train to Treblinka extermination camp : around 40 , 000 victims in total . The uprising . Those who survived the main thrust of ghetto liquidation ( about 5 , 000 – 6 , 000 slave workers and their families ) were put in the so - called Small Ghetto for the Hugo Schneider munitions factory . There , 850 Jews were executed . Soon , a clandestine " Jewish Fighting Organisation " was formed by Mordechaj Zilberberg , Sumek Abramowicz and Heniek Pesak among others . The organization consisted of 300 members . When the Germans moved to liquidate the Small Ghetto on 26 June 1943 the Częstochowa Ghetto Uprising erupted . Zylberberg committed suicide when the Germans stormed his bunker . 1 , 500 Jews died in the fighting . On 30 June the resistance was suppressed with additional 500 Jews burned alive or buried beneath the rubble . 3 , 900 Jews were captured and put to work in labour camps Apparatebau , Warthewerk and Eisenhütte . 400 people were shot following a selection . In December that year 1 , 200 prisoners were transported to Germany . The men were sent to Buchenwald , the women to Dachau ( all perished ) . However , the much needed foundry camps were revived in the second half of 1944 with around 10 , 000 new workers sent in from Łódź , Kielce , Radomsk and Skarżysko - Kamienna . On 15 and 16 January 1945 , ahead of the Soviet advance , about 3 , 000 prisoners were sent to the Third Reich ; all perished . The remaining 5 , 200 Jews employed in Częstochowa slave - labor camps were liberated by the Red Army .