naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Battle of Brienne The Battle of Brienne was fought on January 29 , 1814 , and resulted in the victory of Emperor Napoleon I ' s French forces over the Russia n and Prussia n forces commanded by the Prussian Generalfeldmarschall Prince von Blücher . The battle followed on the heels of reverses suffered by the French in both 1812 , which had gutted the strength of the French , and 1813 , where they fought against the Sixth Coalition . The Sixth Coalition had intentions of deposing Napoleon , dissolving the First French Empire and restoring the Bourbon monarchy to France . Prelude . The battle ( the first of the 1814 Campaign ) took place near Brienne - le - Château , where Napoleon had attended military school in his early years . As the Allies advanced on France from three different directions , the French Emperor planned to attack and defeat each in turn . Napoleon ' s first target was the spread - out force of some 17 , 000 Russians ( part of the combined Prusso - Russian Army of Silesia ) under Field Marshal Blücher . To battle his old adversary , Napoleon had a force of some 30 , 000 troops , but most of these were just out of the recruiting camps with little training and no wartime experience . Napoleon had tried to accomplish an envelopment of Blucher ' s whole force near the Aube River , but allied cavalry captured a set of the Emperor ' s orders and Blucher avoided the trap . Additionally , rain had turned many area roads into mud , slowing Napoleon ' s advance . Napoleon finally caught up with Blucher near Brienne . Blucher , outnumbered , with only Russian Lt . General Baron Osten - Sachen ' s wing of his army on hand ( Yorck ' s Prussian I Corps was out of supporting distance ) was forced to accept battle , as his army ' s baggage trains were too close – stuck on the muddy roads between Brienne and Dienville . The battle . The French emperor began the clash by pinning the enemy down while he organised a flanking attack . General Grouchy ' s cavalry and horse artillery kept the Prussians occupied as marshals Ney ( with the Imperial Young Guard Corps ) and Victor ( commanding French II Corps ) secured both the town of Brienne and its chateau . About dusk , the chateau was captured by the French , when Blucher thought the battle was nearly over , and was preparing for dinner . Blucher and his second - in - command General von Gneisenau only just managed to elude capture . During the heavy fighting Napoleon was almost taken prisoner by Russian Cossacks . The battle ended about midnight when the allies retreated . Blucher left behind some 4000 casualties to France ' s 3000 . Trivia . The " Brienner Straße " ( Brienne Street ) in the Bavarian capital Munich is named after the battle to commemorate the Bavarian contribution in the battle .
Air Force Civil Engineer Support Agency The Air Force Civil Engineer Support Agency ( AFCESA ) merged with the Air Force Real Property Agency and the Air Force Center for Engineering and the Environment to form the Air Force Civil Engineer Center on 1 Oct . 2012 . AFCESA was a Field Operating Agency ( FOA ) of the United States Air Force . The agency managed contracts that provided civil engineer support to help restore and modernize buildings and infrastructure at Air Force bases around the world . History . AFCESA began as the Civil Engineer Construction Operations Group at Wright - Patterson Air Force Base , Ohio in 1966 . Two years later , the new Civil Engineering Center incorporated the construction operations group ’ s readiness and mobility functions . In 1972 , the Civil Engineering Center moved to Tyndall Air Force Base , Florida , and became the Air Force Civil Engineering Center . In 1977 , the Air Force Engineering and Services Agency was formed after the Air Force combined the responsibilities of Civil Engineering and Services . The separate operating agency had headquarters at Kelly Air Force Base , Texas . Then , in 1978 , the Air Force Engineering and Services Center was activated at Tyndall Air Force Base , Fla . In early 1991 , the center ’ s policy functions were transferred to the Office of the Civil Engineer , Headquarters U . S . Air Force , making the Air Force Engineering and Services Center a field operating agency . The name of the organization changed to Air Force Civil Engineering Support Agency on 1 August 1991 , and later became the Air Force Civil Engineer Support Agency in 1994 .
Jacques , Duke of Nemours Jacques of Savoy , 2nd Duke of Nemours ( October 12 , 1531 – June 18 , 1585 ) became Duke of Nemours in 1533 . He distinguished himself at the sieges of Lens and Metz ( 1552 – 1553 ) , at the battle of Renty ( 1554 ) and in the campaign of Piedmont ( 1555 ) . He was a supporter of the house of Guise , and had to retire for some time into Savoy in consequence of a plot . On his return to France he fought the Huguenots , and signalized himself by his successes in Dauphiné and Lyonnais . In 1567 he induced the court to return from Meaux to Paris , took part in the battle of Saint Denis , protested against the peace of Longjumeau , and repulsed the invasion of Wolfgang , Count Palatine of Zweibrücken . He devoted his last years to letters and art , and died at Annecy . He was married to Anna d ' Este , daughter of Duke Ercole II of Ferrara and Renée of France , and widow of Francis , Duke of Guise . He was succeeded as Duke of Nemours by his son , Charles Emmanuel de Savoie , 3rd Duc de Nemours . A fictionalized version of the 2nd Duke of Nemours serves as the love interest in the early novel " La Princesse de Clèves " , which takes place at the court of Henry II of France . References . < BR >
Battle of Hanna The First Battle of Hanna ( Turkish : " Felahiye Muharebesi " ) was a World War I battle fought on the Mesopotamian front on 21 January 1916 between Ottoman Army and Anglo - Indian forces . Prelude . After the Ottoman Empire ' s entry into the First World War , Britain dispatched Indian Expeditionary Force D to seize control of the Shatt al Arab and the port of Basra in order to safeguard British oil interests in the Persian Gulf . Eventually , the Anglo - Indian force ' s mission evolved into the capture of Baghdad . However , despite victories at Qurna , Nasiryeh , and Es Sinn , the primary offensive component of I . E . F . " D " , the 6th ( Poona ) Division withdrew southwards after the Battle of Ctesiphon . The Ottoman forces in the region , reinforced and emboldened by the withdrawal from the gates of Baghdad , pursued the Anglo - Indian force to the town of Kut - al - Amara . Strategically situated at the confluence of the Shatt al - Hayy and the Tigris River , the commander of the Poona Division decided to defend the town . On 15 December 1915 , Ottoman troops had surrounded the Anglo - Indian force of about 10 , 000 men at the town of Kut - al - Amara . The British commander Major General Charles Townshend called for help , and the commander of the Mesopotamian theatre General Sir John Nixon began assumbling a force of 19 , 000 men to relieve the besieged forces . This relief force , designated as the Tigris Corps , initially consisted of 2 divisions : 3rd ( Lahore ) Division and 7th ( Meerut ) Division , as well other units available in the region . This relief force , commanded by Lieutenant General Fenton Aylmer , suffered two setbacks during its initial January 1916 offensive ( see the Battle of Wadi ) . After these defeats , the relief force ( now reduced to around 10 , 000 men ) was ordered once again to attempt to break through the Ottoman lines and continued its movement up the Tigris until it encountered 30 , 000 of the Ottoman Sixth Army , under the command of Khalil Pasha , at the Hanna defile , 30 miles downriver of Kut - al - Amara . Battle . After a short bombardment on 20 and 21 January 1916 , the 7th Division charged the Ottoman lines . In an advance across 600 yards of flooded no - man ' s land , the British sustained 2 , 700 casualties . The well prepared Ottoman positions , notably the well - sited machine gun nests , forced them to abandon the assault and withdraw the relief force to the base of Ali Gharbi . Aftermath . Medical care was practically nonexistent , and the night after the attack saw freezing temperatures . Many British wounded suffered unnecessarily , and morale plummeted . The besieged garrison in Kut - al - Amara could hear the distant sound of the fighting relief force , and when it remained distant morale there suffered as well . Despite two more relief attempts , the garrison at Kut - al - Amara was forced to surrender to the Ottoman forces on 29 April 1916 ( see Siege of Kut ) .
Prasanna Wickramasuriya Colonel ( Retired ) Prasanna Wickramasuriya RWP , WWV , RSP is one of the most decorated soldiers in the Sri Lankan military . Currently he hold the position of Chairman Airport and Aviation Services Limited Sri Lanka . He is a brother of Jaliya Wickramasuriya and first cousin of President of Sri Lanka Mahinda Rajapaksa and Gotabhaya Rajapaksa . He was educated at Nalanda College Colombo .
Eustathios Argyros ( general under Leo VI ) Eustathios Argyros ( ; died c . 910 ) was a Byzantine aristocrat and one of the most prominent generals under Emperor Leo VI the Wise ( r . 886 – 912 ) . Life . Eustahtios Argyros was a scion of the noble Argyros family . Nothing is known of his life or prior to the turn of the 10th century , although he may have served as early as the late reign of Michael III ( r . 842 – 867 ) . The Byzantine historians praise Eustathios Argyros as an intelligent , valiant , prudent and just man , and account him , along with Andronikos Doukas as the best of Leo VI ' s generals . After a succession of unknown military commands , Eustathios had by the early 900s reached , according to " Theophanes Continuatus " , the rank of " patrikios " and deputy military governor ( " hypostrategos " ) of the Anatolic Theme . From this position , he scored a number of successes against the Arabs in the East , until he fell into disgrace and was exiled . Although no details or reasons are offered for his exile , this has been interpreted as a reference to the failed rebellion and flight of Andronikos Doukas to the Arabs in 906 – 907 . Eustathios was rehabilitated soon after , probably in 908 , when Andronikos Doukas ' son Constantine escaped from Arab exile and returned to Constantinople , where he was pardoned by Leo . Eustathios was now appointed as " strategos " of the important border theme of Charsianon . There he received the return to imperial service of a number of Armenian lords , Melias , the three brothers Baasakios , Krigorikios and Pazounes , and Ismael , who were established as march - wardens along the Empire ' s eastern border . Of them , Melias in particular would go on to become the founder of the theme of Lykandos and one of the main Byzantine leaders in the wars against the Arabs over the next 30 years . His tenure was short , however , since c . 909 he was promoted to " magistros " and the post of Drungary of the Watch , i . e . commander of the imperial bodyguard , and replaced as " strategos " of Charsianon by Constantine Doukas . About a year later , he fell again under Leo ' s suspicion — again the reason is unknown — and was ordered to return to his family ' s estates at Charsianon . On the way , he died after taking poison by one of his servants , and was buried on the summit of Mount Aran . While historian R . J . H . Jenkins have suggested that this was done through an agent of the powerful eunuch Samonas , it more likely was suicide . His two sons , Pothos and Leo , who served in the palace as manglabites ( personal bodyguards of the emperor ) , arranged to have their father ' s body transferred for burial to their ancestral monastery of Saint Elizabeth in the Charsianon district . Family . Both of Eustathios ' sons would go on to hold senior military commands , including the post of Domestic of the Schools ( commander - in - chief ) . Leo Argyros married a daughter of Emperor Romanos I Lekapenos ( r . 920 – 944 ) , and was probably the grandfather or great - grandfather of Emperor Romanos III Argyros ( r . 1028 – 1034 ) .
Fabian Msimang Lieutenant General Fabian " Zakes " Msimang MMM ( born 1 September 1960 , Johannesburg ) is a South African military commander and the Chief of the South African Air Force . He left South Africa with his family at the age of 6 months and went into exile . He completed his secondary schooling in India . In 1983 he was sent to Tanzania to assist with the opening of the ANC Development Centre . Air Force career . He received his flying training at Frunze 1 Central Officers Training Center - Kirghizstan , in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics from 1986 to 1991 . He graduated from the institution with a diploma in Command & Tactics of Military Aviation . He was a member of the Umkhonto We Sizwe ( MK ) , the military wing of the African National Congress and saw combat in Angola in 1986 . In 1994 , he completed the Air Force Junior Staff Course in Zimbabwe before integrating into the South African National Defence Force . He was appointed assistant project officer on Project Flange ( the acquisition programme of the Agusta A109 ) in Italy where he also completed the Senior Staff Course at the Italian Air Force War School . On his return from Italy , Msimang was then appointed Officer Commanding of the Helicopter Flying School at Air Force Base Bloemspruit . In 2005 , he was appointed Officer Commanding Air Force Base Bloemspruit and promoted to the rank of Colonel . In 2006 , he completed the Executive National Security Programme at the South African National Defence College . In June 2007 , after a two and a half year tour as Officer Commanding Air Force Base Bloemspruit , he was appointed Director Helicopter Systems and promoted to the rank of Brigadier General at the Air Command . In November 2010 , he was appointed Chief Director Air Policy and Plans and promoted to the rank of Major General responsible for Air Force strategy , policies , capabilities and resource allocation . Msimang became the Chief of the Air Force on 1 October 2012
Operation Flintlock ( World War II ) Operation Flintlock was the campaign against the Marshall Islands in the Pacific campaign of World War II , from January to February 1944 . The operation involved the invasions of Kwajalein and Eniwetok atolls . This attack sank a large number of Japanese ships and " Operation Hailstone " stripped the air base at Truk of its offensive potential . With Truk neutralized , it could be bypassed , forgoing a costly invasion . Executed on 31 January 1944 , Kwajalein fell on 7 February after stiff Japanese resistance . USS " Alabama " . The USS " Alabama " participated in " Operation Flintlock " . The " Alabama " reached Funafuti , the Ellice Islands , on 21 January 1944 , and there she rejoined the Fast Carrier Task Force s . She was assigned to Task Group 58 . 2 , which was centered around the carrier and light carriers . The " Alabama " left the Ellice Islands on 25 January to help carry out the wresting of selected members of the Marshall Islands , such as Kwajalein Atoll and Eniewetok Atoll , from the Japanese . " Alabama " , " South Dakota " , and bombarded Roi Islet on 29 January and Namur Islet on 30 January . She fired 330 rounds of shells and 1 , 562 rounds of ammunition toward Japanese targets , destroying planes , airfield facilities , blockhouses , other buildings , and artillery emplacements . Over the following days of this campaign , " Alabama " patrolled the area north of Kwajalein . On 12 February , " Alabama " sortied out with the aircraft carrier " Bunker Hill " s Task Group , and many other members of the Fast Carrier Task Force to launch very major carrier air attacks on the Japanese installations , aircraft , and shipping at the major Japanese Central Pacific base of Truk Atoll . This large series of air attacks , flown on 16 and 17 February , caused heavy damage to all of the Japanese airfields , and other installations , and the enemy shipping that had remained there . Very little of the Imperial Japanese Navy fleet , which had used Truk as a major forward base for years , remained there , since it had already departed northwards to safer waters . USS " North Carolina " . During the assault and capture of the Marshall Islands , " USS North Carolina " illustrated the classic battleship functions of World War II . She screened carriers from air attack in pre - invasion strikes as well as during close air support of troops ashore , beginning with the initial strikes on Kwajalein on 29 January . She fired on targets at Namur and Roi , where she sank a cargo ship in the lagoon . The battlewagon then protected carriers in the massive air strike on Truk , the Japanese fleet base in the Carolines , where 39 large ships were left sunk , burning , or uselessly beached , and 211 planes were destroyed , another 104 severely damaged . Next she fought off an air attack against the flattops near the Marianas 21 February splashing an enemy plane , and the next day again guarded the carriers in air strikes on Saipan , Tinian , and Guam .
4th Marine Infantry Regiment The 4th Marine Infantry Regiment ( " 4e régiment d ' infanterie marine " ) was a French marine regiment , as part of the troupes de marine within the French Army . Its motto was " J ' y suis j ' y reste " ( Here I am , here I stay ) . It and the 1st , 2nd and 3rd Marine Infantry Regiments are the oldest marine units in the French Army . It and the 1st Regiment formed the 1st Brigade of the Blue Division during the Franco - Prussian War . The 4th Regiment was dissolved in 1998 . History garrisons fighting and battle . The 4th Marine Infantry Regiment first illustrated in the Crimea ( 1854 - 1855 ) where he participated in the siege of Sebastopol . At the end of this campaign , the emperor decided that the flag of the 4th regiment of marines door in gold letters " Sebastopol . " It then Cochin ( 1859 - 1861 ) that the 4th Marine Infantry Regiment are called to fight , then Tonkin ( 1884 - 1855 ) , which earned the regiment campaigns for new entries in the flag : Saigon ( 1859 ) Ki - Hoa ( 1861 ) - Langson ( 1884 ) Tuyen - Quan ( 1885 ) . ( Sevastopol 1854 - 1855 - Saigon 1859 - Ki Hoa 1861 - Langson 1884 - Tuyen Quan 1885 , the battles are carried on the flag the 22e RIC ) . Between two colonial campaigns , the 4th Marine Infantry Regiment illustrated in 1870 in Bazeilles and helped to save the honor in this war Franco - German untimely , unfortunate and wrong conduct .
Faulknor - class flotilla leader The " Faulknor " class were a class of flotilla leader s that were under construction in the United Kingdom for the Chilean Navy at the outbreak of World War I . These ships were purchased by the British , taken over and completed for the Royal Navy for wartime service . In common with Royal Navy convention , they were named after famous Royal Navy captains of the past , in this case the members of the Faulknor family . Design . The s were a private design by J . Samuel White that were significantly larger and heavier armed than their contemporaries . They had four funnels , a tall , narrow fore funnel and three broad , short funnels behind . They were initially armed with six single QF 4 - inch guns , unusually arranged with four on the forecastle - two sided in front of the wheelhouse and two sided abreast it - the remaining pair being sided on the quarterdeck . These guns were of a novel Elswick design for the Chileans and when the ships were rearmed they were replaced with standard Royal Navy models . As rearmed in 1918 they carried a BL 4 . 7 - inch gun on the forecastle and another on a bandstand between the after pair of funnels , retained the pair of guns abreast the wheelhouse and had two QF 2 - pounder pom - poms . They were returned to the friendly nation of Chile in 1920 , at which point the Thornycroft type leader " Rooke " was renamed " Broke " to maintain this famous name ( that of Admiral Sir Philip Bowes Vere Broke of the " Shannon " ) in the Navy List . Service . All of the class were present at the Battle of Jutland on 31 May to 1 June 1916 where " Broke " collided with and sank the " Acasta " - class destroyer " Sparrowhawk " . Also in this action , " Tipperary " , serving with the 4th Destroyer Flotilla , was hit by 5 . 9 - inch ( 150 mm ) fire from the secondary battery of the German dreadnought " Westfalen " and sank with the loss of 185 hands from her crew of 197 . In April 1917 , " Broke " took part in an action known as the Battle of Dover Strait with equally large singleton " Swift " during which she was damaged . " Botha " was damaged in the English Channel on 21 March 1918 off the coast of Flanders when she rammed and sank the German torpdeo boat " A - 19 " and was then torpedoed in error by the French destroyer " Capitaine Mehl " . See also . " Almirante Lynch " - class destroyers for details after return to Chile .
Jacques - François Menou Jacques - François de Menou , baron of Boussay , later Abdallah de Menou ( 3 September 1750 - 13 August 1810 ) was a French statesman of the French Revolution and general of the French Revolutionary Wars . French Revolution . Born in Boussay in central France to an ancient family , he had already attained the rank of Maréchal de camp in 1789 , when he was elected by the Second Estate of the bailiwick of Touraine to the Estates General in 1789 . He was a liberal nobleman and supported the reforms of the National Constituent Assembly , of which he was elected secretary in December and president for a standard two week term ( 27 March - 12 April 1790 ) . He served as a member of the diplomatic committee . With the closing of the National Assembly in September 1791 , he was employed as Maréchal de camp in Paris , and then to the Armée de l ' Ouest . He fought in the Vendée through 1793 . Commander of one of the sections of Paris on 1 Prairial III ( 20 May 1795 ) , he forced the rebellious Faubourg Saint - Antoine to capitulate . General in chief of the Armée de l ' Interieur , he was denounced as a traitor , put on trial and acquitted in 1795 . Adventure in Egypt . In 1798 , he commanded one of the five divisions of the Armée d ' Orient in Napoleon ' s campaign of Egypt . General of division in the army of Egypt . After the assassination of Jean - Baptiste Kléber ( 14 June 1800 ) , Menou succeeded him at the head of Egypt as a general in chief . He was not as popular , and was not at all supported by the other officers . On 21 March 1801 , Menou commanded the French expeditionary force to repel the English landing at a final battle at La Muiron , a defeat . After this battle , he withdrew to Alexandria , where he surrendered at the Siege of Alexandria on 30 August 1801 . He was permitted to withdraw remaining French forces , but was forced to surrender to the British the Rosetta Stone . Captain Pierre - François Bouchard reported to him the discovery of the Rosetta stone , a vital key in unlocking the lost language of hieroglyphics . Statesman of the Empire . He was appointed member of the Tribunat 27 Floreal X ( 17 May 1802 ) , and became , shortly after , administrator of the 27th military division ( Piedmont ) , member of the Legion of Honor 19 Frimaire XII ( 11 December 1803 ) and grand officer of the order 25 Prairial XII ( 14 June 1804 ) . He was created comte de l ' Empire in 1808 . Menou ' s principal contributions to the French Empire came in Italy . He was named Knight of the Order of the Iron Crown 23 December 1807 , shortly after his appointment as governor of Venice . He died in the latter functions on 13 August 1810 in the villa Corniani , near Mestre . The name of the general de Menou d ' is inscribed on the arc de triomphe , on the south side . By his marriage to Zobeida El Bahouad , he had a son Jacques Mourad Soliman ( born 28 July 1800 in Rosetta , Egypt ) .