naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Manton S . Eddy Manton Sprague Eddy ( May 16 , 1892 – April 10 , 1962 ) was a Lieutenant General of the United States Army . Early life . Eddy graduated from Shattuck Military School in Faribault , Minnesota in 1913 . He enlisted in the U . S . Army in 1916 . Thoroughly the infantry man , Manton Eddy served in France in World War I in rifle and machine gun units . Promoted to major , he served in the army of occupation in Germany until 1919 when he returned to the USA . Relegated to captain ' s rank in 1920 , Eddy married Mamie Peabody Buttolph a year later . During the interwar period , he was a member of the Infantry Board and an instructor of tactics at the Command and General Staff College . World War II . The years of preparation and training returned great dividends to the Army . In 1941 Eddy became commanding officer of the 114th Infantry Regiment . In March 1942 , he was promoted to brigadier general and given a second star in July and given command of the 9th Infantry Division in campaigns in Tunisia , Sicily , and Normandy . In August 1944 , he became Commander of XII Corps . During the Battle of the Bulge , his units successfully held the southern shoulder of the German salient . In April 1945 , he returned to the USA because of illness . For his role in the capture of Cherbourg , Eddy was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross . Post World War II . In the postwar period , General Eddy served again at Fort Leavenworth , this time as Commandant of the college , from January 1948 to July 1950 . He was president of a review board which made a thorough examination of officer education and established the progressive branch , staff , and senior service levels of officer schooling . As Commander of Seventh Army , he presided over its transformation from an army of occupation to one of deterrence . He retired with the rank of lieutenant general . Manton S . Eddy is buried at Arlington National Cemetery .
Raid on Malaga ( 1656 ) The Raid on Malaga was a military action by the English against the Spanish city of Málaga on July 21 , 1656 as part of the Anglo – Spanish War ( 1654 – 1660 ) . Five English ships , HMS Henry , HMS Ruby , HMS Antelope , HMS Greyhound and HMS Bryan , appeared at six in the morning in the Bay of Málaga , without that the Marquis of Mondéjar , governor of the city , raised the alarm . At 13 : 00 the English frigates approached the harbor and attacked a Genoese and a Sicilian galley . The Sicilian galley succeeded in escaping at the cost of 2 killed and the captain being wounded . The Genoese galley was less lucky : it was seized and set on fire , together with all other ships found in the harbor . After this , the English started shelling the city and its defenses during 4 hours , seriously damaging Málaga Cathedral . Meeting little resistance , the English went ashore and destroyed the greater part of the city ' s munition supply . All the harbor guns were spiked as well . There were at least 14 killed and many wounded in the city . A large part of the population fled to the countryside .
USS Vester ( SP - 686 ) USS " Vester " ( SP - 686 ) was a United States Navy patrol vessel and minesweeper in commission from 1917 to 1919 . " Vester " was built as a wooden - hulled commercial freight boat of the same name at Boothbay , Maine , in 1876 . On 24 May 1917 , the U . S . Navy acquired her from her owner , the Delaware Fish Oil Company , for use as a section patrol boat during World War I . She was commissioned on 2 June 1917 as USS " Vester " ( SP - 686 ) with Ensign J . T . H . Anderson , USNRF , in command . Assigned to the 4th Naval District , " Vester " operated on patrol duties until 21 October 1917 , when she was transferred to the naval district ' s minesweeping squadron , based at the section base at Lewes , Delaware . Plagued by engine problems , she apparently was unable to carry out many operations with the squadron , spending most of her time alongside the pier . On 11 September 1918 , she was transferred back to patrol duties , which she carried out as much as her troublesome engine would permit through the end of World War I and until May 1919 . On 15 May 1919 , " Vester " was decommissioned at Cape May , New Jersey . She was sold to Hayes and Anderton of New York City on 15 January 1920 .
Battle of Santiago de Cuba ( 1741 ) The Battle of Santiago de Cuba was fought on 21 July 1741 , and was one of the most decisive engagements of the War of Jenkins ' Ear . This expedition resulted in a failed British attempt to capture Santiago de Cuba and it aggravated the misfortunes of Admiral Sir Edward Vernon . Background . In the year 1741 , after an unsuccessful attempt had been made on Cartagena by Admiral Vernon , he directed the fragments of his sickly and dispirited followers against the Island of Cuba . The south and east of Cuba were so little populated , and so far from the capital , Havana , that they might have made a permanent establishment there . Vernon ' s expedition . The land forces consisted of the remnants of the troops from Cartagena , some 3 , 000 British and North American colonial troops augmented by 1 , 000 Jamaican blacks . Sir Vernon left Port Royal to capture Santiago de Cuba with the following ships : HMS " Tiger " 50 < br > HMS " Pompey " ( Tender ) < br > 40 Transports bearing 4 , 000 troops under Wentworth The battle . On the night of 4 – 5 August , the British Redcoats and a thousand black troops from Jamaica landed in three different beaches of the Guantanamo Bay . Without opposition , they marched against the village of La Catalina . However , the invaders , 65 miles short of their objective , slowed down three days later because of the growing concerns of their commander , Thomas Wentworth ' s . Santiago ' s Governor Francisco Caxigal de la Vega , garrison commander Carlos Riva Agüero , and local militia Captain Pedro Guerrero had only 350 regulars and 600 militia to hand and so retreated from the British . Nevertheless , Wentworth ' s army became paralyzed by fatigue and disease , spending the next four months encamped , being sporadically raided by Spanish guerrillas . Vernon , disgusted at his colleague ' s inactivity , but unwilling to risk any part of the fleet against the town sent warships to cruise independently until Wentworth ' s sick list grew so long — 2 , 260 soldiers being struck with fever by 5 December — that the expedition was re - embarked , setting sail at dawn on 9 December and returning to Port Royal ten days later . Aftermath . Admiral Vernon ' s enterprise accomplished nothing but the loss of many of his soldiers and his own disgrace . Vernon was forced to return to Britain in 1742 and was expelled from the navy in 1746 .
Robert L . Ghormley Vice Admiral Robert Lee Ghormley ( 15 October 1883 – 21 June 1958 ) was an admiral in the United States Navy , serving as Commander , South Pacific Area , during the Second World War . Biography . Ghormley was born in Portland , Oregon , on 15 October 1883 . He graduated from the U . S . Naval Academy in June 1906 and served on cruiser s during the next five years . In 1911 – 13 , Lieutenant Ghormley was Aide and Flag Lieutenant to the Commander in Chief , Pacific Fleet , participating in the 1912 campaign in Nicaragua . That was followed by duty at the U . S . Naval Academy . Lieutenant Commander Ghormley spent most of World War I on the battleship " Nevada " and as a flag aide . Late in the conflict , he became assistant director of the Naval Overseas Transportation Service . In 1920 – 22 , he commanded " Niagara " and the destroyer " Sands " , including Mediterranean Sea duty in the latter . Promoted to the rank of commander in July 1921 , Ghormley served as Aide to the Assistant Secretary of the Navy during 1923 – 25 and as executive officer of the battleship " Oklahoma " for the next two years . In 1927 he became Secretary of the Navy ' s General Board , in Washington , D . C . , Captain Ghormley was Chief of Staff to the commanders of the Battle Force and U . S . Fleet during the early 1930s . After working with the Chief of Naval Operations , he became Commanding Officer of " Nevada " in 1935 , and a year later returned to the U . S . Fleet staff . In 1938 he completed the senior course at the Naval War College . Rear Admiral Ghormley was Director of the War Plans Division and Assistant Chief of Naval Operations until August 1940 , when he went to the United Kingdom as a Special Naval Observer . In the rank of Vice Admiral , he served as Commander South Pacific Area and South Pacific Force in June – October 1942 , during the critical early stages of the campaign to seize and hold Guadalcanal and Tulagi . Dismayed by Ghormley ' s pessimism , Admiral Nimitz replaced him with Vice Admiral William F . Halsey . After a few months ' duty in Washington , D . C . , Ghormley returned to the Pacific to become Commandant of the 14th Naval District in Hawaii . In December 1944 , Vice Admiral Ghormley became Commander , U . S . Naval Forces , Germany , and served in that position until December 1945 . He spent his last months of active duty as a member of the General Board , at the Navy Department , and retired in August 1946 . Vice Admiral Robert L . Ghormley died on 21 June 1958 ; he is buried at Arlington National Cemetery . Honors . A small park in Moscow , Idaho , near the University of Idaho , is named for Admiral Ghormley .
4676th Air Defense Group The 4676th Air Defense Group is a discontinued United States Air Force ( USAF ) organization . Its last assignment was with the 33d Air Division of Air Defense Command ( ADC ) at Grandview AFB Missouri , where it was discontinued in 1955 . The group was activated at Fairfax Field in 1953 as USAF host for both Fairfax and Grandview . It moved to Grandview when that base was completed and added an operational air defense mission in 1954 . It was discontinued in 1955 when ADC replaced air defense groups commanding fighter squadrons with fighter groups that had distinguished records in the two World Wars . History . The group was organized in 1953 and replaced the 4610th Air Base Squadron , which was organized on 23 February 1951 , as the USAF host organization at Fairfax Field , Kansas . the 4676th was also the USAF host unit for Grandview AFB , Missouri . The group was assigned two squadron s and a medical unit to carry out these responsibilities . The group was assigned the 326th Fighter - Interceptor Squadron , which was activated at Fairfax Field in December , flying radar equipped and HVAR rocket armed North American F - 86D Sabre fighter aircraft as its operational componenent . Its operational mission was air defense of Kansas City area and the central Midwest . The group moved to Grandview AFB , Missouri 16 February 1954 . At this time military use of Fairfax Field ended . The group was discontinued and replaced by the 328th Fighter Group ( Air Defense ) , which assumed its mission , personnel and equipment at Grandview ( later Richards - Gebaur Air Force Base ) as part of ADC ' s Project Arrow , which was designed to bring back on the active list the fighter units which had compiled memorable records in the two world wars . References . Bibliography . Further Reading
Siege of Syracuse ( 877 – 878 ) The Siege of Syracuse in 877 – 878 led to the fall of the city of Syracuse , the Roman and Byzantine capital of Sicily , to the Aghlabids . The Aghlabids had tried and failed to take the city soon after their initial landing on the island 50 years earlier , with the Siege of Syracuse ( 827 - 828 ) . Despite their repulse , they had gradually taken over the western and central portions of the island , and in August 877 , the Muslim commander Jafar ibn Muhammad al - Tamini led a large force against Syracuse . The city was left largely unsupported by the Emperor Basil I during the siege , and fell on 20 / 21 May 878 . Only a few outposts remained in Byzantine hands thereafter , and the Muslim conquest of Sicily was completed by the fall of Taormina in 902 . The siege and capture of Syracuse is narrated in detail by the eyewitness Theodosios the Monk .
USS Olmstead ( APA - 188 ) USS " Olmsted " ( APA - 188 / LPA - 188 ) was a " Haskell " - class attack transport acquired by the U . S . Navy during World War II for the task of transporting troops to and from combat areas . World War II service . " Olmsted " ( " APA – 188 " ) , approved 16 March 1944 , was laid down by Kaiser Shipbuilding Co . , Vancouver , Washington , 11 April 1944 as MCV Hull no . 656 ; launched 4 July 1944 ; sponsored by Mrs . Duncan Gregg ; accepted and commissioned 5 September 1944 , Captain C . L . C . Atkeson in command . Western Pacific operations . On completion of shakedown 27 October 1944 , " Olmsted " joined the U . S . Pacific Fleet . Transporting troops and supplies in support of amphibious operations , she spent the last year of the war in the Pacific Ocean with an itinerary that reads like a summary of the war ’ s climactic stages : New Guinea , the Admiralties , Leyte , Lingayen Gulf , Okinawa and Japan . Apparently charmed , she was bombed at Luzon and again at Okinawa without damage . Twice before the surrender of Japan , she returned to the States to lift reserve troops into the battle zone . She was in Japan to participate in the first occupational landings there , debarking the Army ’ s 81st ( Wildcat ) Division . Getting U . S . troops back to the States . Landing the 81st at Honshū was " Olmsted ’ s " last full dress amphibious operation before post war “ Operation Magic Carpet ” duty . Olmsted made three voyages from the states to the war torn Western Pacific to return veterans and materials until she was ordered to the U . S . East Coast for deactivation . Reactivated during Korean War . On 21 February 1947 , " Olmsted " was placed out of commission in reserve at Norfolk , Virginia . Due to deteriorating international conditions , " Olmsted " was recalled to active service and commissioned 2 February 1952 under command of Captain R . C . Leonard , and assigned to the Amphibious Force , Atlantic Fleet . After shakedown , operating out of Norfolk , " Olmsted " participated in training exercises along the U . S . East Coast , at Guantánamo Bay and in the Mediterranean conducting amphibious assault landings . Her primary mission was training Marines and Sailors in Amphibious Warfare tactics . She also conducted training cruises for Midshipmen and Naval Reservists . With interim periods for overhaul and operational readiness training , " Olmsted " served in this capacity until she decommissioned 27 February 1959 at Norfolk , Virginia , and was assigned to the Norfolk Group , Atlantic Reserve Fleet . " Olmsted " was struck from the Naval Register 1 July 1960 . Military awards and honors . " Olmsted " earned one battle star for service in World War II .
Charles Dwight Sigsbee Charles Dwight Sigsbee ( January 16 , 1845 - July 13 , 1923 ) was a Rear Admiral in the United States Navy . In his earlier career he was a pioneering oceanographer and hydrographer . He is best remembered as the captain of the USS " Maine " , which exploded in Havana harbor , Cuba , in 1898 . The explosion set off the events that led up to the start of the Spanish American War . Biography . Sigsbee was born in Albany , New York , and educated at The Albany Academy . He was appointed acting midshipman on 16 July 1862 . Sigsbee fought in numerous engagements during the Civil War , mostly against Confederate forts and batteries . Sigsbee served aboard the " Monongahela " , " Wyoming " , and " Shenandoah " from 1863 to 1869 , when he was assigned to duty at the Naval Academy . In 1871 , he was assigned to the Hydrographic Office . He was first posted to the Hydrographic Office in 1873 . He was assigned to the Coast Survey in 1874 and commanded the Coast Survey steamer Blake 1875 - 1878 . He returned to the Navy Hydrographic Office from 1878 – 1882 and served as Hydrographer in the Bureau of Navigation from 1893 to 1897 . During his period on the " Blake " he developed the Sigsbee sounding machine which became a standard item of deep - water oceanographc equipment for the next 50 years . Sigsbee served at the United States Naval Academy 1869 - 71 , 1882 – 85 , and 1887 – 90 . He commanded the " Kearsarge " on the European station 1885 - 6 and the training ship " Portsmouth " 1891 - 92 . Sigsbee took command of the battleship " Maine " in April 1897 . After the " Maine " was destroyed in February 1898 , Sigsbee and his officers were exonerated by a court of inquiry . Subsequently he commanded the " St . Paul " in 1898 at the Second Battle of San Juan and " Texas " until 1900 . In February of that year he was appointed Chief Intelligence Officer of the Office of Naval Intelligence , succeeding Cmdr . Richardson Clover ; he held this post until April 1903 when he was succeeded by Cmdr . Seaton Schroeder . He was promoted to Rear Admiral on 10 August 1903 . He assumed command of the South Atlantic Squadron in 1904 , and the Second Division , North Atlantic Squadron in 1905 . Rear Admiral Sigsbee commanded the USS " Brooklyn " as his flagship on June 7 , 1905 , when she sailed for Cherbourg , France . There , the remains of the late John Paul Jones were taken aboard and brought back home for his interment at the United States Naval Academy . Admiral Sigsbee retired from the Navy in 1907 and died in New York . He is buried in Arlington National Cemetery . His grandson , Charles Dwight Sigsbee III , First Lieutenant , United States Army , was buried next to him on July 10 , 1956 .
Chariovalda Chariovalda was a Batavian chieftain who participated in the Roman retaliation campaign ( from 14 - 16 AD ) against a Germanic alliance in the aftermath of the disaster at the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest . Chariovalda perished during an engagement with the Cherusci on the further side of the River Weser in 16 AD .
Japanese aircraft carrier Chiyoda She was damaged in the Battle of the Philippine Sea ( June 19 – 20 , 1944 ) , nicknamed the Great Marianas Turkey Shoot by American aviators , a decisive naval battle of World War II which effectively eliminated the Imperial Japanese Navy ' s ability to conduct large - scale carrier actions . Both " Chiyoda " and her converted sister ship " Chitose " were sunk by a combination of naval bombers , cruiser shellfire and destroyer - launched torpedoes during the Battle of Leyte Gulf , as part of Vice Admiral Jisaburō Ozawa ' s Northern Mobile ( " Decoy " ) Force . According to the plan for the " Sho - ichi go " operation , both of these carriers were divested of aircraft and successfully used to decoy the main body of the American fleet away from the landing beaches in the Philippines . " Chiyoda " was sunk with all hands at the Battle of Cape Engano during the Battle of Leyte Gulf on 25 October 1944 . After being crippled by four bombs dropped by aircraft from the carriers USS " Franklin " and " Lexington " that left " Chiyoda " dead in the water , the converted hybrid Japanese battleship / carrier " Hyūga " attempted to tow " Chiyoda " , but this was prevented by a third attack . The Japanese cruiser " Isuzu " was ordered to remove " Chiyoda ' s " crew , but this was also frustrated due to continuing danger from air and surface attack . After three attempts , the " Isuzu " was forced to retreat with U . S . surface forces in sight and " Chiyoda " under naval gunfire . She was finished off by gunfire from four cruisers USS " Santa Fe " , " Mobile " , " Wichita " and " New Orleans " along with nine destroyers , all under the command of Rear Admiral Laurence T DuBose , as " Chiyoda " stubbornly returned fire and was hit repeatedly . No survivors were permitted to be rescued , and apparently Captain Jyo Eiichiro and the entire crew of 1 , 470 officers and men perished . " Chiyoda " was the largest vessel of any nationality which is definitely known to have been sunk with all hands during World War II . She was also one of the few carriers sunk by surface forces in naval warfare ' s history .
Gerhard Stamp Gerhard Stamp ( 3 June 1920 – 21 May 1998 ) was a highly decorated major in the " Luftwaffe " during World War II , and a recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . The Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Gerhard Stamp joined the " Bundeswehr " in 1956 and retired in 1978 as an " Oberst i . G " . During World War II Stamp was credited with the destruction of of Allied merchant shipping , the British destroyer " Defender " sunk on 11 July 1941 , plus numerous aircraft , tanks and vehicles on the ground . He is further credited with damaging of shipping . As a fighter pilot he claimed four aerial victories , three at night and one four - engine bomber during the day .
Charleston Arsenal The Charleston Arsenal was a United States Army arsenal facility in Charleston , South Carolina seized by state militia at the outbreak of the American Civil War . On June 21 , 1996 , it was added to the National Register of Historic Places as Porter Military Academy . The arsenal was constructed in 1841 near the intersection of Ashley Avenue and Mill Street in Charleston . It served as a storage place for weapon s , ordnance , and ammunition for the U . S . Army in antebellum days . An earlier Federal arsenal , the Old Citadel , was taken out of service and after became a part of the Citadel . The Charleston arsenal produced a considerable amount of artillery and small arms ammunition during the Mexican - American War and up to the Civil War . With the secession of South Carolina in late 1860 , it became a target for Confederate sympathizers and local militia . South Carolina troops seized the arsenal in late December , and the Confederates held it for much of the war . Josiah Gorgas had the arsenal enlarged and modernized with the installation of steam power . For a time , it was used a barracks to house Confederate troops , including the 26th South Carolina . The arsenal was finally retaken by Union troops in 1865 when Charleston finally fell . On July 16 , 1866 , the U . S . Government designated the site as a Federal Military Reservation , but in 1879 the army closed the arsenal . The building and land was sold in 1888 to the Porter Military Academy which occupied the site until it build a new campus west of the Ashley River , and in 1963 the site became part of the Medical University of South Carolina .
Cecil Thursby Admiral Sir Cecil Fiennes Thursby KCB ( 1861 – May 1936 ) was a Royal Navy officer who went on to be Commander - in - Chief , Plymouth . Naval career . Thursby joined the Royal Navy in 1874 . He was present during the engagement with the Peruvian rebel ship Huáscar in 1877 and also took part in the Niger expedition in 1882 . Promoted Captain in 1901 , he commanded the cruiser HMS " King Alfred " and then the battleship HMS " Swiftsure " . He commanded the International Squadron in Crete in 1910 and became Commodore at the Royal Naval Barracks at Chatham in 1910 . He went on to be Rear Admiral commanding the 3rd Battle Squadron in 1912 . He served in World War I initially as Commander of the 5th Battle Squadron in the Dardanelles and then as Commander of the 2nd Squadron landing ANZAC forces at Gaba Tepe in Gallipoli in 1915 . He commanded the British Adriatic Squadron in 1916 before becoming Commander - in - Chief , East Mediterranean in 1916 and Commander of the Coastguards and Reserves in 1918 . After the War he became Commander - in - Chief , Plymouth and retired in 1920 .