naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
John Eldridge , Jr . Lieutenant Commander John Eldridge , Jr . , USN ( 10 October 1903 – 2 November 1942 ) was a United States Navy officer who received the Navy Cross posthumously for his role in the U . S . invasion of the Solomon Islands during World War II . Biography . Eldridge was born in Buckingham County , Virginia , and graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1927 . After flight training at Pensacola , Florida , he served at various stations on aviation duty . From 11 September 1941 he was Commander , Scouting Squadron 71 , attached to " Wasp " ( CV - 7 ) . LCDR Eldridge was killed in action in the Solomon Islands on 2 November 1942 . For his extraordinary heroism in leading the air attack on Japanese positions in the initial invasion of the Solomons on 7 August and 8 August 1942 , he was posthumously awarded the Navy Cross . Namesake . The destroyer escort USS " Eldridge " ( DE - 173 ) was named in his honor .
USS Richard P . Leary ( DD - 664 ) USS " Richard P . Leary " ( DD - 664 ) was a of the United States Navy , named for Rear Admiral Richard P . Leary ( 1842 – 1901 ) . " Richard P . Leary " was laid down 4 July 1943 at the Boston Navy Yard , Boston , Mass . ; launched 6 October 1943 , sponsored by Mrs . George K . Crozer III ; and commissioned 23 February 1944 , Commander Frederic S . Habecker in command . World War II . Following shakedown off Bermuda , " Richard P . Leary " sailed via the Panama Canal for Pearl Harbor . After escort duty to Eniwetok and Saipan in July , she supported the landings at Peleliu 15 September 1944 , and at Leyte 20 October . During the Battle of Surigao Strait on the 25th , she launched torpedo es at the Japanese battleship , splashed one enemy plane , and guarded the damaged . While patrolling off Leyte Gulf on 1 November , she rescued 70 survivors of . During the Lingayen Gulf campaign , " Richard P . Leary " on 6 January , during a suicide attack , she severely damaged an incoming “ Irving ” fighter , which managed to graze the forward 5 - inch gun mounts before crashing — the only “ damage ” of the war . Later that day , she also shot down a “ Jill ” and rendered fire - support for the landings on the 9th . She again supplied gunfire support for the landings at Iwo Jima 19 February and for the landings at Okinawa 1 April . During the night of 6 – 7 April she escorted the damaged to Kerama Retto , Okinawa Gunto . Upon completion of duties at Okinawa her next assignment took her to Adak , Alaska , in August . After serving in the Aleutians , " Leary " sailed for Japan arriving at Ominato , 8 September . She departed Japan on the 30th , and steamed to San Diego , Calif . Designated for inactivation after her return , " Richard P . Leary " decommissioned 10 December 1946 , and was assigned to the Pacific Reserve Fleet . JDS " Yugure " ( DD - 184 ) . " Richard P . Leary " , along with her sister ship , , was transferred 10 March 1959 to Japan , where she served in the Japan Maritime Self - Defense Force as JDS " Yugure " ( DD - 184 ) ( " Autumn Twilight " ) . The ship was returned to U . S . custody 10 March 1974 , stricken from the U . S . Naval Vessel Register on 18 March , and sold for scrap 1 July 1976 . " Richard P . Leary " received six battle star s for World War II service .
French Narval - class submarine The " Narval " class ( " sous - marins d ' escadre " , " fleet submarines " ) were patrol submarines built for the French Navy in the 1950s . Design . The " Narval " type was an offspring of the " E - 48 " project , inspired by the German Type XXI U - boat of the Second World War , particularly the " Roland Morillot " brought into French service . Compared to the Type XXI , the " Narval " introduced an entirely new schnorchel system and novel detection systems , gained 33 % in operational range on electric power ( 400 nautical miles , compared to the 290 available to the type XXI ) , and doubled the test depth . The propellers were also particularly studied to minimise noise . The hull of the " Narval " s was assembled from seven 10 - metre sections wielded together . The engine were 2 - stroke diesels made by the French constructor Schneider , which proved unreliable and noisy to the point where the engine section became difficult to man at full power . From 1966 to 1970 , the " Narval " underwent extensive modernisation , where their engines were replaced by a diesel - electrical design based on the SEMT - Pielstick 12PA4 - 185 . The 4 stern tubes were deleted , electronics were replaced , and the conning tower was replaced by a more modern sail plan from the " Daphné " class . Careers . The " Narval " were used to explore limits of submarines performances in several ways . In 1958 , " Dauphin " and " Requin " broke the 30 - day world record of the longest underwater cruise held by the nuclear USS " Skate " and " Seawolf " , with 32 and 42 days submerged respectively . In 1964 , " Espadon " and " Marsouin " sailed up to the 70th parallel north to prepare the first French attempts at navigation under sea ice . These tests were carried out the next year by " Dauphin " and " Narval " when they spent a week and a half in the 72nd parallel north . During her last years , from 1980 , " Requin " was fitted with the sonar system planned for the M4 refit of the SNLE . Similarly , " Dauphin " was extensively modified from 1986 to be used as a test bed for equipment and sensors to be installed on the " Triomphant " - class submarines , then under design . When finally decommissionned in 1992 , she was the oldest submarine in service . She was later expended as a target ship off Toulon . In 1985 , " Espadon " became the first French submarine used as a museum ship .
Gotha G . III The Gotha G . III was a heavy bomber used by the " Luftstreitkräfte " ( Imperial German Air Service ) during World War I . It succeeded the G . II in production and differed primarily in the choice of powerplant . The eight - cylinder Mercedes D . IV , which had proven highly susceptible to crankshaft failure , was replaced by the new six - cylinder 190 kW ( 260 hp ) Mercedes D . IVa engine . The G . III also had a strengthened fuselage with an extra 7 . 92 mm ( . 312 in ) machine gun firing through a ventral trapdoor . The G . III was also the first bomber to have a tail gun with a potential 360 degree arc of fire . Most of the 25 G . III aircraft produced were delivered to " Kagohl " 1 , operating in the Balkans out of Hudova . Combat service of the G . III was limited but effective . Its most notable accomplishment came in September 1916 , when a formation of G . III aircraft destroyed the railway bridge over the Danube River at Cernavodă , Romania . It also saw use by " Kagohl " 2 on the Western Front , operating from Freiburg . Following the delivery of the G . IIIs to this unit , its commander complained to Berlin about the performance of the aircraft , not because they were too slow , but because they were outrunning their escort fighters . In September 1917 , all surviving aircraft were withdrawn from combat and relegated to training units .
Yakovlev Yak - 5 The Yakovlev Yak - 5 was an experimental trainer aircraft designed by Yakovlev OKB in the Soviet Union , and first flown in 1944 . It was the first Yakovlev aircraft to be fitted with a variable - pitch propeller . It did not enter production . Development and design . In 1944 , the Yakovlev UT - 2 was the standard primary trainer of the Soviet Air Forces , but its simplicity caused problems when pilots moved on to more sophisticated aircraft , so the Yakovlev design bureau designed a more sophisticated derivative , the UT - 2L , which featured an enclosed tandem cockpit , the addition of flaps and blind flying instruments . At the same time , Yakovlev designed a single - seat aircraft based on the UT - 2L , intended as a fighter - trainer . This aircraft , the Yak - 5 , was a low - wing monoplane of wooden construction , but unlike the UT - 2 , had the front cockpit removed and an enclosed sliding canopy placed over the rear cockpit . A retractable tailwheel undercarriage replaced the fixed landing gear of the UT - 2 . It was powered by a Shvetsov M - 11 Dfive - cylinder radial producing 115 hp ( 86 kW ) , which drove a two - bladed variable pitch propeller . It could be fitted with a single synchronized ShKAS machine gun aimed by a reflector sight , while the aircraft was also fitted with a radio . Operational history . The prototype Yak - 5 first flew on 7 September 1944 . The new fighter - trainer ' s handling proved popular with its test pilots , and the aircraft successfully passed official evaluation . In the end , neither the UT - 2L or the Yak - 5 entered production because the Soviet Air Force command believed wooden aircraft were becoming obsolete , which would result in production of the all metal Yakovlev Yak - 18 trainer in late 1945 . The sole Yak - 5 was destroyed when it suffered failure of the wooden wing during a snap roll and crashed .
Engineer Officer Basic Course The Engineer Basic Officer Leader Course Phase B ( EBOLC ) is located at the United States Army Engineer School in Fort Leonard Wood , Missouri , and is approximately nineteen weeks long and the second part of the Basic Officer Leaders Course . Once an Army Officer has been commissioned and selected for the Corps of Engineers , he or she is sent to Engineer School to learn combat engineering , general engineering , and geospatial engineering . With few exceptions , attendees will be the rank of Second Lieutenant who have recently commissioned ( fulfilling BOLC - A requirements ) . While attending , the officer will become a part of B Company , 554th Engineer Battalion , 1st Engineer Brigade receiving instruction from the U . S . Army Maneuver Support Center of Excellence ( MSCoE ) . At Engineer BOLC ( BOLC - B ) , students spend the first 3 weeks conducting tasks previously part of BOLC II ( basic tactics , field craft , close quarters combat , and marksmanship ) , followed by a defensive module , an offensive module , a general engineering module , and a stability module . During the general engineering module , officers learn and are tested on military bridging , horizontal and vertical construction and military demolitions , including mine detection . They also conduct several field training exercise where students lead combat engineering missions . Once completed , most graduates are sent to Engineer units where they will serve as platoon leaders and in various staff roles . Notes . Under the old BOLC model , newly commissioned officers spent the first four weeks learning common military tasks and functions . After the implementation of the BOLC program in the summer of 2006 , this common core training is conducted at non - branch specific BOLC II . As of 2009 , BOLC II , was phased out , and those core components are in the process of being reintegrated into BOLC B ( previously BOLC III ) .
2M - 3 ( Naval Weapon ) The Tulamash 2M - 3 is a Russian anti - aircraft gun created by the Tulamash Zavod based on the 84 - KM AA gun . Description . This gun was based upon the 84 - KM which was designed in 1943 - 44 . The specifications for a new weapon were first developed in 1945 and then modified in 1947 . Trials started in 1949 and the gun was accepted into service in 1953 as 110 - PM . Manufacturing in the USSR continued until 1984 . These guns were fed from 65 - round belts and the early guns could also be fed by 7 - round clips . The twin mount on which these guns were originally used was designated as 2M - 3 . At a later date , the mount was modified into 2M - 3M version . In this later version , the automatics were converted to gas - operation and the firing rate was increased to 470 - 480 rounds per minute during trials . These guns were nominally rated as being air - cooled , but they were actually cooled with water from a special hose for at least 15 seconds during reloading . At the same time as the 2M - 3 mounting was being developed for surface ships , the 2M - 8 wet mount was being developed for submarines . This mounting used the same 110 - PM guns as did the 2M - 3 but the guns were clip - fed instead of belt - fed . This version was accepted into service in 1954 , but all guns were removed from submarines by the end of 1950s due to the changing nature of submarine warfare . The guns were kept in storage for a long time afterwards but were eventually scrapped . In addition to the above mountings there were also several experimental mountings which did not enter service . The 2M - 10 mount was an improved 2M - 8 mount for submarines , but was not accepted into service . In parallel with 2M - 3 mount , there was also a BL - 130 mount under development . While the BL - 130 had some advantages over the 2M - 3 mounts , it was at a lower stage of readiness and rather than complete development it was decided to use the 2M - 3 mount in its place . At the end of 1940 , BL - 120 - I and BL - 120 - II mountings intended for the Stalingrad ( Pr . 82 ) class battlecruisers were being designed . These were completely enclosed armored mounts . However , these ships were cancelled and the only two mounts completed ( renamed 4M - 120 - I and 4M - 120 - II ) were installed on the destroyer Neustrashimy ( Pr . 41 ) for several years , until later replaced with 45 mm SM - 20 - ZIF mounts . This weapon is produced in the PRC under the designation Type 61 .
Lawrence J . Fleming Lawrence J . Fleming ( December 12 , 1922 – September 2 , 2006 ) was a Major General in the United States Air Force . Biography . Fleming was born in Green Bay , Wisconsin in 1922 . He would attend St . Norbert College . Fleming died on September 2 , 2006 . Career . Fleming originally enlisted in the United States Army Air Corps in 1942 . He was commissioned an officer in 1944 . During World War II he served with the 55th Fighter Group . Following the war he was assigned to the 1st Fighter Group before being transferred to the 94th Fighter - Interceptor Squadron . Later he served as an exchange officer with the Royal Air Force of the United Kingdom , during which time he piloted a Gloster Meteor . In 1955 he was assigned to the 327th Fighter - Interceptor Squadron . Fleming would later be assigned to the Military Assistance Advisory Group . While serving with the MAAG he would complete parachutist training with the Belgian Army . He was later assigned to the 29th Air Division before being given the command of the 13th Fighter - Interceptor Squadron and the 343d Composite Group . During the Vietnam War he piloted a Douglas A - 1 Skyraider . Later in his career he would become Chief of Staff of the United States Southern Command in the Panama Canal Zone . His retirement was effective as of September 1 , 1975 . Awards he received include the Legion of Merit with two oak leaf clusters , the Distinguished Flying Cross , the Meritorious Service Medal , the Air Medal with silver oak leaf cluster and bronze oak leaf cluster , the Air Force Commendation Medal with oak leaf cluster , the Distinguished Unit Citation , and the Outstanding Unit Award with oak leaf cluster .
Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command The Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command ( SPAWAR ) , based in San Diego , is an Echelon II organization within the United States Navy and Navy ’ s technical authority and acquisition command for C4ISR ( Command , Control , Communications , Computers , Intelligence , Surveillance and Reconnaissance ) , business information technology and space systems . Echelon II means that the organization reports to someone who , in turn , reports directly to the Chief of Naval Operations . SPAWAR reports to the Assistant Secretary of the Navy ( RDA ) . SPAWAR supports over 150 programs managed by the Program Executive Office for Command , Control , Communications , Computers and Intelligence ( PEO C4I ) , as well as the programs of PEO for Enterprise Information Systems ( PEO EIS ) and PEO Space Systems . PEO EIS and PEO Space Systems are located in the greater Washington , D . C . area . SPAWAR Systems Center Atlantic , an Echelon III organization , is located in Charleston , SC , and also includes facilities in Norfolk , VA , New Orleans and Stuttgart , Germany . SPAWAR Systems Center Pacific is located in San Diego , and includes facilities in Japan , Guam and Hawaii . History . A number of mergers over the years have led to the current organization . For example 80 % of the Point Loma Military Reservation evolved into the Naval Electronics Laboratory Center ( NELC ) at the end of World War II . In the 1960s , NELC was tasked with 4C : Command , Control , Communications and Computers . In turn NELC was merged into the Naval Ocean Systems Center ( NOSC ) in 1977 . This eventually was merged into SPAWAR . About SPAWAR . SPAWAR designs , develops and deploys advanced communications and information capabilities . SPAWAR employs over 12 , 000 professionals located around the world and close to the Naval fleet . SPAWAR provides systems engineering and technical support for the development , delivery and sustainment of interoperable and effective C4ISR ( command , control , communications , computers , intelligence , surveillance and reconnaissance ) , business information technology and space capabilities in the interest of national defense . These products and services transform ships , aircraft and vehicles from individual platforms into integrated battle forces , enhancing informational awareness among Navy , Marine , joint forces , federal agencies and international allies . As the Navy ’ s technical lead for C4ISR , SPAWAR provides the hardware and software to connect assets at sea , on land and in the air . Responsibilities . SPAWAR ’ s Echelon III organizations include SPAWAR Systems Center Atlantic and SPAWAR Systems Center Pacific .
M13 link The M13 link , formally Link , M13 , is the U . S . military designation for a disintegrating metallic link specifically designed for belt - fed firearms and rounds ; it was introduced in the mid - 20th century . It is the primary link type for the U . S . , and among NATO for 7 . 62 mm ammunition . It has been in use for over 50 years as of 2007 and is used on the Dillon M134D Minigun , M60 Machine Gun , FN MAG , AA - 52 , HK21 , and the MG3 , among others . The M13 link replaced the M1 link s used on the older M1917 Browning machine gun and M1919 Browning machine gun family , though some conversions of the M1919 to the M13 were done , such as on the U . S . Navy Mark 21 Mod 0 machine gun , which saw service in the Vietnam War . Once converted it cannot use other link types , as firearms made for the M13 Link are not backward compatible with the M1 link ( or other systems ) . In West German service the link received the designation DM - 13 . Some other countries also redesignated it when it was adopted .
Joint Task Force - Global Network Operations Joint Task Force - Global Network Operations ( JTF - GNO ) was a subordinate command of United States Strategic Command whose mission was to : direct the operation and defense of the Global Information Grid ( GIG ) across strategic , operational , and tactical boundaries in support of the US Department of Defense ' s full spectrum of war fighting , intelligence , and business operations . The Task Force ' s operations were moved to Fort Meade , Maryland , in April 2010 as part of decisions reached under the 2005 Base Realignment and Closure process . JTF - GNO was dissolved and incorporated within the United States Cyber Command on September 7 , 2010 . History . In 1998 the Department of Defense recognized a growing cyber threat and in response created the Joint Task Force - Computer Network Defense ( JTF - CND ) , which achieved initial operational capability on 30 December 1998 and full operational capability by June 1999 . In the fall of 2000 , the JTF - CND assumed responsibility for the DoD computer network attack mission and became the Joint Task Force — Computer Network Operations ( JTF - CNO ) . In October 2002 , the new Unified Command Plan , Change 2 , re - aligned JTF - CNO under the United States Strategic Command ( USSTRATCOM ) The JTF - CNO began its largest and most comprehensive transformation in April 2004 when the Commander of US Strategic Command approved the Joint Concept of Operations for GIG Network Operations . This “ NetOps CONOPS ” provided the common framework and command and control structure to conduct the USSTRATCOM Unified Command Plan - assigned mission of Global Network Operations , combining the disciplines of enterprise systems and network management , network defense , and information decision management . The Secretary of Defense signed a delegation of authority letter on 18 June 2004 , designating the Director , DISA as the new Commander of the Joint Task Force - Global Network Operations . With this designation , the new command assumed the responsibility for directing the operation and defense of the GIG . This transformation enhanced the JTF GNO ' s mission and objectives was crucial in pushing towards the Joint Vision 2020 Objectives and the evolving concept of Net - Centricity . Hackers attempted to enter United States Department of Defense networks nearly 75 , 000 times in 2004 . Former operations . The JTF - GNO functions in accordance with Unified Command Plan 2002 ( Change 2 ) and the Joint Concept of Operations for GIG NetOps , assuring Global Information Superiority by achieving the three assurances outlined in the Joint Concept of Operations for GIG NetOps : Assured System and Network Availability , Assured Information Protection , and Assured Information Delivery . The Task Force has a number of associated service components , including the 1st Information Operations Command ( Land ) , the affiliated United States Army formation . Personnel . The JTF - GNO was authorized 255 positions at the height of its operations in early 2009 . Lieutenant General Carroll F . Pollett was the Commander of JTF - GNO during its disestablishment .
Scammell Pioneer The Scammell Pioneer R100 was a British vehicle that was used in the Second World War . The basic vehicle was used as an artillery tractor for heavier pieces such as the 7 . 2 inch howitzer . This had an 8 - ton winch and an overhead runway with a 10 - cwt hoist . Early war use included towing the six inch 26cwt howitzer until the AEC Matador gun tractor was issued in sufficient numbers . Precedental images can be seen in " First Victory " by George Forty . Development of the basic vehicle included the Scammell Semi - trailer and the " Tractor Heavy Breakdown 6 x 4 Scammell Pioneer " Model SV1S and SV2S breakdown tractors . Production . 768 units were produced from 1937 . The Pioneer was a popular heavy haulage , forestry and recovery vehicle in civilian service until well into the eighties when more modern and powerful equipment became available .
German submarine U - 184 German submarine " U - 184 " was a Type IXC / 40 U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " built for service during World War II . She was ordered on 15 August 1940 and was laid down on 10 June 1941 at AG Weser , Bremen , becoming ' werk 1024 ' . She was launched on 21 February 1942 and commissioned under her first and only commander " Kapitänleutnant " Günther Dangschat on 29 May . After a period of training with the 4th U - boat Flotilla , she joined the 2nd U - boat Flotilla for operational service on 1 November 1942 . Service history . On her first and only combat patrol she departed Bergen in Norway on 9 November 1942 and entered the north Atlantic via the ' gap ' between Iceland and the Faroe Islands . She sank a single ship , the British merchant vessel about southeast of Cape Farewell ( Greenland ) on 17 November 1942 . There were no survivors . On 21 November she was listed as missing with all 50 hands east of Newfoundland , in approximate position . " U - 184 " s loss remains an unsolved mystery . Previously recorded fate . " U - 184 " was thought to have been sunk by depth charge s from the Norwegian corvette , but in a post - war assessment this attack was later found to have been against , and had inflicted only minor damage .