naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Ted F . Bowlds Lieutenant General Ted Francis Bowlds ( born c . 1953 ) is a former Commander , Electronic Systems Center , Hanscom Air Force Base , Mass . The center ' s mission is to acquire command and control systems for the Air Force . The organization comprises more than 12 , 000 people located at six sites throughout the United States . The men and women of the ESC manage more than $ 3 billion in programs annually in support of the Air Force , and joint and coalition forces . General Bowlds entered the Air Force in 1975 through the AFROTC program . In earlier assignments , he served as an engineer in an Air Force laboratory and as a flight test engineer on the F - 117 . He has worked as avionics program manager on the B - 2 , bomber branch chief at the Pentagon , Chief of Advance Medium Range Air - to - Air Missile development in the AMRAAM System Program Office , and as Commander of the Rome Laboratory in Rome , N . Y . General Bowlds also served as the Deputy Director of Global Power Programs with the Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Acquisition , Headquarters U . S . Air Force , Washington , D . C . Prior to assuming his current position , he was assigned as Commander , Air Force Research Laboratory , Wright - Patterson AFB , Ohio . He was responsible for managing the Air Force ' s $ 2 billion science and technology program as well as additional customer funded research and development of $ 1 . 7 billion . Life . General Bowlds was a member of the Civil Air Patrol and earned the Spaatz award . He is now the Vice President of the Spaatz Association .
Northumberland County Division The Northumberland County Division was formed on 24 February 1941 . It ceased to function on 1 December 1941 , and was disbanded on 21 December 1941 . It was commanded by Major General R . C . Money and consisted of the 202nd Independent Infantry Brigade ( Home ) , 216th Independent Infantry Brigade ( Home ) and 225th Independent Infantry Brigade ( Home ) . It was commanded by X Corps until 9 April , IX Corps until 30 November and War Office control from then until disbandment .
Siege of Pembroke The Siege of Pembroke took place in 1648 during the Second English Civil War . Background . In April 1648 , Parliamentarian troops in Wales , who had not been paid for a long time , staged a Royalist rebellion under the command of the Colonel John Poyer , the Parliamentarian Governor of Pembroke Castle . He was joined by Major - General Rowland Laugharne , his district commander , and Colonel Rice Powell . After the failure of his pre - emptive strike against the small Parliamentarian army of Colonel Thomas Horton at the Battle of St . Fagans , Laugharne retreated with what was left of his army to join Colonel Poyer at Pembroke . Prelude . Colonel Horton marched his 3 , 000 well disciplined troops , about half of which were dragoons , west to Tenby and laid siege to Tenby Castle which was held by about 500 Royalists under the command of Colonel Rice Powell . Oliver Cromwell with another Parliamentarian army consisting of three regiments of foot and two of horse had reached Gloucester on the day that the Royalist army was routed at the Battle of St . Fagans and proceeded to cross the south Welsh border shortly afterwards . He left Colonel Isaac Ewer in command of a small force to besiege the Royalist garrison of Chepstow Castle which was under the command of Sir Nicholas Kemeys and pressed on to join Horton at Tenby arriving on 15 May . Leaving Horton with enough men to deal with Powel , Cromwell marched the rest of the army to lay siege to Pembroke . Kemeys was killed when Chepstow Castle was stormed on 25 May , and Powel was taken prisoner when he surrendered Tenby Castle to Horton on 31 May , but Pembroke Castle was a very strong medieval fortress which could not be taken as quickly . It stood on a rocky promontory surrounded on three sides by the sea , and on the landward side its defences consisted of a deep ditch and walls up to thick . The Siege . Ships carrying siege artillery to Cromwell were forced back up the Bristol Channel to Gloucester by storms , so Cromwell tried a frontal assault . It failed because the ladders used to escalade the walls were too short . The defenders managed to surprise the besiegers in a sudden sortie , killing thirty of the besiegers and damaging the circumvallation . The siege guns arrived in mid - June but over the next month they made little impact on the thick curtain walls . Eventually , the siege ended when Cromwell ' s forces discovered the conduit pipe which delivered water to the castle , and cut off the defenders ' water supply . Poyer and Laugharne were forced to surrender on 11 July . Cromwell then ordered the castle slighted so that it could never again be used as a military fortress . Laugharne , Poyer and Powell were taken to London , tried and sentenced to death , but Poyer alone was executed on 25 April 1649 , being the victim selected by lot . References . GREAT REBELLION
General Electric AN / GPA - 37 Course Directing Group The General Electric AN / GPA - 37 Course Directing Group was a USAF Cold War air defense command , control , and coordination system for weapons direction ( ground - controlled interception ) . During Air Defense Command ' s " Control Capability Improvement Program " to improve command guidance of manned aircraft , the AN / GPA - 37 was " developed by the General Electric Heavy Military Electronic Equipment Department at Syracuse in conjunction with . . . Rome Air Development Center and the Electronics Research Laboratories of Columbia University . " Used to process radar data , the system was to " track a potential enemy aircraft and direct into a position from which they can make their automatic firing runs " , the system included the : The Secretary of Defense concurred on October 30 , 1956 , for deployment of the AN / GPA - 37 as an interim " pre - SAGE semiautomatic intercept system " to Air Defense Direction Center s ( ADDCs ) ( e . g . , in ADC ' s Zone of Interior ) prior to fielding the SAGE System with AN / FST - 2 , AN / FSQ - 7 , & AN / FSQ - 8 equipment . The forecast dates for NCCs with both AN / FSG - 1 & AN / GPA - 37 systems ranged from November 1959 for Fort Lawton ( Seattle Air Defense Sector ) to October 1960 Gibbsboro ( Philadelphia ) . After the planned Super Combat Center s for 10 underground air defense sites were cancelled in 1960 , * the AN / GPA - 37 was redeployed as the dispersed Back - up Interceptor Control ( BUIC ) prior to development of BUIC II ( Burroughs AN / GSA - 51 Radar Course Directing Group ) . BUIC was for degraded SAGE operations when " a DC and the adjacent DC ' s were all out and responsibility had to be exercised by the division commander through the NORAD control center " . By 1959 , the military technical school for the AN / GPA - 73 was at Keesler Air Force Base . References . < nowiki > * < / nowiki > " General Partridge replied on 2 July 1959 that the NORAD requirement for a non - SAGE back - up method of exercising operational control of all weapons was valid until the SCC system was operational and could not be withdrawn . < nowiki > * * < / nowiki > NCC ' s were at Missile Master s for " the Los Angeles , Seattle , Chicago , Detroit , Boston , Washington - Baltimore , New York , and Buffalo areas . NORAD added San Francisco , at which there was no NCC , but at which , NORAD said , one would be established . . . . NORAD required an AN / GPA - 67 at each of these NCC ' s so as to provide a capability for control of Time Division Data Link - equipped interceptors when the sector converted to TDDL . "
XXXXI Panzer Corps ( Germany ) XXXXI Panzer Corps ( also written : Panzer Korps 41 or XLI Panzer Corps ) was a tank corps in the German Army ( " Wehrmacht Heer " ) during World War II . Formation and actions . The corps was originally formed , as the XXXXI Corps , on 5 February 1940 in " Wehrkreis " VIII ( Silesia ) as " Armeekorps ( mot ) " . Reorganised as a Panzer Corps , it was known as the XXXXI Panzer Corps and was commanded by General Georg - Hans Reinhardt . In the May 1940 Battle of France , the XXXXI Panzer Corps was one of the three Panzerkorps that broke through the Ardennes in the Battle of Sedan and drove west to the sea at Abbeville . In late 1940 , Reinhardt and XXXXI Panzer Corps were designated to participate in Operation Sea Lion , the proposed invasion of Great Britain . Reinhardt ' s force was to be in the first landing wave . However , the operation never occurred . In June 1941 , the XXXXI Panzer Corps was deployed on the Eastern Front for Operation Barbarossa , the invasion of the Soviet Union . It defeated the Soviet 3rd Mechanised & 12th Mechanised Corps in the Battle of Raseiniai in late June , which destroyed more than 300 Soviet tanks and led the advance of Army Group North to the outskirts of Leningrad in October . It was reorganised in 1942 , becoming part of the Second Panzer Army of Army Group Centre . The XXXXI Panzer Corps fought at Bely , in the anti - partisan operations at Nikitinka , Yartsevo , Vyazma , and Dukhovshchina . In March 1943 , the corps fought at Smolensk , Kromy , and Bryansk . In April 1943 , it fought in Sevsk , Trubchersk , and Ponyri . Later , the XXXXI Panzer Corps fought at the Battle of Kursk . During this period it transferred several times between the Ninth and Second Panzer Armies . In June / July 1944 the corps was almost destroyed during the Soviet summer offensive , Operation Bagration , and required complete rebuilding . As part of the reconstructed Fourth Army , it faced the East Prussian Offensive during January 1945 . After a week of heavy fighting its divisions were trapped in the Heiligenbeil pocket on the Baltic coast , where they were eventually destroyed in March . In common with several other of the " Wehrmacht " ' Panzer Corps ' , the XXXXI Panzer Corps only periodically had an actual panzer division in its establishment , and was generally composed of several standard infantry divisions along with artillery and support units .
Soviet frigate Storozhevoy Storozhevoy ( , " guard " or " sentry " ) was a Soviet Navy 1135 " Burevestnik " - class anti - submarine frigate ( NATO reporting name Krivak ) . The ship was attached to the Soviet Baltic Fleet and based in Riga . It was involved in a mutiny in November 1975 . Mutiny . The mutiny was led by the ship ' s political commissar , Captain of the Third Rank Valery Sablin , who wished to protest against the rampant corruption of the Leonid Brezhnev era . His aim was to seize the ship and steer it out of the Bay of Riga , to Leningrad through the Neva River , moor by the decommissioned cruiser " Aurora " , a symbol of the Russian revolution , and broadcast a nationwide address to the people from there . In that address , he was going to say what he believed people publicly wanted to say , but could only be said in private : that socialism and the motherland were in danger ; the ruling authorities were up to their necks in corruption , demagoguery , graft , and lies , leading the country into an abyss ; communism had been discarded , and there was a need to revive the Leninist principles of justice . On the evening of , Sablin locked the captain in the forward sonar compartment and seized control of the ship . All of the ship ' s crew who did not wish to go along with the plan were locked in a compartment below the main deck . When Soviet authorities learned of the mutiny , upon direct instructions from the Kremlin it was ordered that control must be regained . Thirteen gunboats were sent in pursuit and were later joined by three fighters . After warning shots , shellfire was directed at the Storozhevoy . The vessel ' s steering was damaged and she stopped and was boarded by Soviet marine commando s . All the crew were arrested and interrogated , but only Sablin and his second - in - command , Alexander Shein , a 26 - year - old seaman , were tried and convicted . At his trial in July 1976 , Sablin was convicted of high treason and shot on , while Shein was sentenced to prison and was released after serving eight years . The rest of the mutineers were set free but dishonorably discharged from the Soviet Navy . Fictional references with factual information . The mutiny was one of two incidents which inspired Tom Clancy to write " The Hunt for Red October , " set aboard the " Typhoon " - class submarine " Red October . " The other incident was a 1961 defection , in which a Soviet Navy submarine tender captain , Jonas Pleškys , a Lithuanian by birth , sailed his vessel from Klaipėda to Gotland in Sweden , not the planned destination of Tallinn . Aftermath . " Storozhevoy " continued in service until the late 1990s . The crew was changed completely and the ship made extensive visits to foreign ports . She was transferred to the Russian Pacific Fleet and was sold to India for scrap .
Boston Custer Boston Custer ( October 31 , 1848 – June 25 , 1876 ) was the youngest brother of U . S . Army General George Armstrong Custer and two - time Medal of Honor recipient Captain Thomas Custer . He was killed at the Battle of the Little Bighorn along with his two brothers . Early life . Boston Custer was born in New Rumley , Ohio , one of five children born to Emanuel Henry Custer and Maria Ward Fitzpatrick Custer . In 1863 , the family left Ohio and moved to Monroe , Michigan . His older brother Nevin became a farmer due to asthma and rheumatism , while George and Tom became military officers in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Boston Custer had been unable to officially join the Army due to poor health . Battle . A civilian contractor , he served as forage master for his brother ' s U . S . 7th Cavalry Regiment in the 1874 Black Hills expedition . He was employed as a guide , forager , packer and scout for the regiment for the 1876 expedition against the Lakota Indians . On June 25 , 1876 , along with his 18 - year - old nephew Henry Armstrong " Autie " Reed , Boston Custer was with the pack train at the rear of Custer ' s troops . Hearing from a messenger that Lt . Col . Custer had requested ammunition for an impending fight , they quickly left the pack train . The pair passed by Frederick Benteen ' s detachment and joined Custer ' s main column as it moved into position to attack a sprawling Indian village along the Little Big Horn River . Had he stayed with the pack train where he was assigned , Boston Custer might have survived the battle . Death . However , like his brothers and nephew , Boston was killed at the area known as " Last Stand Hill . " A marble marker commemorates the approximate place where his body was found and identified . Though originally buried on the battlefield , Autie Reed ' s and Boston Custer ' s remains were exhumed , the only exceptions to the rule that only commissioned officers would be shipped home for reburial . They were reinterred January 8 , 1878 , at Woodland Cemetery in Monroe , Michigan , near today ' s Monroe County , Michigan Museum . Film . Boston Custer was portrayed by actor Patrick Johnston in the biopic " Son of the Morning Star " .
Herbert Sobel Lieutenant Colonel Herbert M . Sobel Sr . ( January 26 , 1912 – September 30 , 1987 ) was a commissioned officer with Easy Company , 2nd Battalion , 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment , in the 101st Airborne Division during World War II . Sobel was portrayed in the HBO miniseries " Band of Brothers " by David Schwimmer . Youth . Sobel was born in Chicago , Illinois , to a Jewish family . He was a clothing salesman after attending military school at the Culver Military Academy in Indiana . He graduated from the University of Illinois . Sobel volunteered for the paratrooper s soon after the outbreak of World War II and was commissioned as a second lieutenant . Military service . Promoted to first lieutenant , Sobel commanded Company E for all of their basic training at Camp Toccoa , Georgia . He was known to be strict , earning the hatred of many of his men . However , because of the intense training he gave his men , he was credited with creating the finest company in the 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment . He was promoted to the rank of captain in recognition of his ability as a trainer . After a period of training in the United Kingdom before the Normandy invasion , Captain Sobel was removed from command of Easy Company . Contrary to popular belief , regimental records show he did jump into Normandy but not with Easy Company and earned a CIB as part of Regimental Headquarters Company . He was later transferred to command the Chilton Foliat jump school . First Lieutenant Thomas Meehan replaced Sobel , and was one of several officers ( including Richard Winters ) to succeed him in that post before the war was over . Shortly before Easy Company took part in the invasion of the Netherlands , Sobel was assigned to the 506th once again , this time replacing Salve Matheson as the regimental S - 4 ( logistics ) officer for Operation Market Garden . Later years . Sobel returned to the United States after the war , and worked as an accountant before being recalled to active duty during the Korean War . He remained in the Army National Guard , eventually retiring at the rank of lieutenant colonel . He was later married , and had three children . In the late 1960s , Sobel shot himself in the head with a small - caliber pistol . The bullet entered his left temple , passed behind his eyes , and exited out the other side of his head . This severed his optic nerve s and left him blind . He was later moved to a VA assisted living facility in Waukegan , Illinois . Sobel resided there for his last seventeen years until his death due to malnutrition on September 30 , 1987 . No services were held for Sobel after his death . Legacy . Sobel was negatively portrayed as inept in the television series " Band of Brothers " , a depiction which has proved controversial . Since the series , his son Michael has spoken out on his behalf . In various interviews , Easy Company veterans have acknowledged the importance Sobel ' s training played in the company ' s later successes .
6th Michigan Volunteer Cavalry Regiment The 6th Regiment Michigan Volunteer Cavalry was a cavalry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . It was a part of the famed Michigan Brigade , commanded for a time by Brigadier General George Armstrong Custer . Service . The 6th Michigan Cavalry was organized at Grand Rapids , Michigan on May 28 to October 13 , 1862 and mustered in October 13 , 1862 . Among the officers who later joined the regiment as replacements were Thomas W . Custer , who would win two Medals of Honor while serving with the 6th in the spring of 1865 . The regiment was assigned to what became the Michigan Brigade during the early part of the Gettysburg Campaign in June 1863 . It saw its first actions under General Custer at the Hanover , Hunterstown , and Gettysburg . Armed with Spencer Repeating Rifle s , the 6th provided superior firepower against the lightly armed Confederate cavalry . Sent out to the Old West frontier following the cessation of hostilities in mid - 1865 , the 6th , under the overall command of Brig . Gen . Patrick Connor constructed " Fort Connor " as a supply depot during the Powder River Expeditions of that summer . The regiment was mustered out of service on November 24 , 1865 . Total strength and casualties . The regiment suffered 7 officers and 128 enlisted men killed in action or mortally wounded and 251 enlisted men who died of disease , for a total of 386 fatalities .
Brian Pennicott Major - General Brian Thomas Pennicott , CVO ( born 15 February 1938 ) is a former senior British Army officer who served as Defence Services Secretary from 1991 to 1994 . Military career . Educated at Portsmouth Northern Grammar School and the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst , Pennicott was commissioned into the Royal Artillery in 1957 . He became Commanding Officer of 29 Commando Regiment RA in 1977 and then joined the staff of the Military Secretary at the Ministry of Defence in 1980 . He was Commander , Royal Artillery forces during the Falklands War and , as a witness , signed the Argentine surrender document . He went on to be Assistant Military Attaché in Washington D . C . in 1982 , Commander , Royal Artillery for 1st Armoured Division in 1983 and Deputy Military Secretary in 1987 before being appointed Director , Royal Artillery in 1989 . He was Defence Services Secretary from 1991 to 1994 as well as Assistant Chief of Defence Staff ( Personnel and Reserves ) from 1992 to 1994 . In retirement he became Group Human Resources Director at Sun Alliance . He was also appointed as a Gentleman Usher and was present at the funeral of the Queen Mother . Pennicott retired from this position at the end of 2007 , though he was then moved to a position of being the Extra Gentleman Usher . Family . In 1962 he married Patricia Anne Chilcott ; they have two sons and three daughters .
57th Cavalry Division The 57th Cavalry Division was a cavalry formation of the Red Army during the Great Patriotic War . It was formed from 1 August to October 1941 at Ferghana in the Central Asia Military District . The division was part of the second wave of cavalry division formed during the war . The division spent almost three months in the rear before being deployed to the front . In October the division moved to the Volga Military District to join the 10th Army . The division along with the 41st , 75th Cavalry Division s to Mishulin ' s Cavalry Group as the mobile group for the 10th Army . The group minus the 41st Cavalry Division was assigned to attack the flank of the German 2nd Panzer Army south of Tula . Before the group was fully committed the group was assigned to the 1st Guards Cavalry Corps . It was then transferred to the 1st Guards Cavalry Corps of the Western Front - January 1942 to 21 March 1942 . Then the division participated in one of the greatest cavalry raids of the war . On the night of 26 – 27 January 1942 the Corps slipped across the lines into the German 4th Army ' s rear areas and began what would be a six month operation against the German supply lines . The division was dissolved on 3 February 1942 , and portions were used to replenish the 1st Guards Cavalry Division .