naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
345th Independent Guards Airborne Regiment The 345th Guards Airborne Regiment ( 345th PPD ) of the Soviet Airborne Troops was active from 1944 to 1998 . It was formed on 30 December 1944 at Lapichi , Osipovichi district , Mogilev Oblast , in the Byelorussian SSR . In 1979 , after the disbandment of 105th Guards Vienna Airborne Division it received a Separate Regiment designation ( 345th OPPD ) . Originally , the regiment was a part of 105th Guards Rifle Division , which then became 105th Guards Airborne Division stationed at Fergana in the Uzbek SSR . The regiment was attached to 40th Army ( Soviet Union ) headquartered in Kabul , serving in Afghanistan from the earliest days of the conflict , arriving on 14 December 1979 . The Regiment was based in Bagram ( its 2nd Battalion in ( Bamian ) , and later - Anab ) . During the Regiment ' s deployment in Afghanistan , its original 1st Battalion remained on station in Fergana , Uzbek SSR , and in 1982 became the base for formation of the 387th Separate Training Regiment . A Separate Airborne Battalion , which arrived in Afghanistan in July 1979 under the command of Guards Lieutenant Colonel Lomakin , was integrated into the 345th regiment as its new 1st Battalion . In October 1979 , an incident resulting in death of KGB officer Captain Chepurnoy had occurred in this battalion , leading to transfer of command to Guards Major Pustovit . The 345th Airborne Regiment had participated in most major operations of the conflict , including the Battle for Hill 3234 , which became the basis for the script of the movie The 9th Company . On or about 11 February 1989 the regiment withdrew from Afghanistan making it one of the very last detachments to exit the country . After the withdrawal from Afghanistan , the regiment became part of 104th Guards Airborne Division . The Regiment was later relocated to Gudauta in the Abkhaz ASSR of the Georgian SSR . It took part in the April 9 , 1989 , crack - down on demonstrators in the centre of Tbilisi . Since August 1992 it was stationed in Gudauta Abkhaz ASSR to participate in the Abkhaz war . It was subsequently renamed the 50th Military Base and then the 10th Peacekeeping Airborne Regiment .
Blackburn Ripon The Blackburn T . 5 Ripon was a British carrier - based torpedo bomber and reconnaissance biplane which first flew in 1926 . It was used by the Fleet Air Arm as a torpedo bomber from 1930 until 1935 . Ripons were also sold to Finland , where they continued to be used in action in the Winter War and the Continuation War until 1944 . Development . The Blackburn Ripon was designed to replace the single - seat Dart torpedo bomber . In accordance with Air Ministry Specification 21 / 23 , it was also required to be able to be used for long range reconnaissance , for which a two - man crew was demanded . The first prototype flew on 17 April 1926 as a landplane , with the second prototype following on 26 August first flying as a seaplane . Initial trials against its competitors , the Handley Page Harrow and the Avro Buffalo , showed that none of the competitors were adequate , so the Ripon was redesigned with an improved engine installation , an enlarged rudder and increased sweepback on the wings . Thus improved , the Ripon was declared the winner and ordered for service . Four prototypes and 90 production aircraft were manufactured by Blackburn for use by the Fleet Air Arm . The Baffin was a development of the Ripon , which replaced it in service with the Fleet Air Arm , with 68 Ripons converted to Baffins . Service . The Ripon entered service with the Fleet Air Arm in 1929 , six joining No 462 ( Fleet Torpedo Bomber ) Flight aboard in January of that year . The Ripon was normally used as a carrier based landplane by the Fleet Air Arm , and although capable of being converted to a seaplane , was rarely fitted with floats . The Ripon continued in service with Torpedo Bomber flights until 1933 , when the Fleet Air Arm was re - organised into three larger squadrons , No . 810 , No . 811 and No . 812 . The last Ripons were retired from service in January 1935 when 811 Naval Air Squadron re - equipped with Blackburn Baffins . The Blackburn Ripon was also ordered for use by the Finnish Air Force , with one example for Finland being built by Blackburn , before 25 were produced under licence at the Finnish Aircraft Factory . These were powered with a number of different radial engines ; the pattern aircraft had a 530 hp ( 400 kW ) Bristol Jupiter VII , the next seven had 480 hp ( 360 kW ) Gnome Rhone Jupiter VI , followed by eight with 535 hp ( 399 kW ) Armstrong Siddeley Panther engines and the final ten with 580 hp ( 430 kW ) Bristol Pegasus engines . The Finnish Air Force used Ripons as reconnaissance aircraft against the Soviet Union in the Winter War and the Continuation War . After losing an aircraft to Soviet fighters in 1939 , the Ripon was limited to night missions . The last missions were flown in 1944 . One Ripon coded RI - 140 was stored and has been reassembled and put on display in the Päijänne Tavastia Aviation Museum recently . It is the only preserved example .
8th Louisiana Regiment Infantry ( African Descent ) The 8th Louisiana Regiment Infantry ( African Descent ) was an infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War . It was composed primarily of freed or escaped slaves from Louisiana ' s plantations and was commanded by white officers . Organization . In the spring of 1863 , Col . Hiram Scofield , a veteran officer in the 2nd Iowa Infantry , organized the 8th Louisiana Infantry at Lake Providence , Louisiana . The new regiment was mustered into service on May 5 . Vicksburg Campaign . During the Vicksburg Campaign , the regiment was attached to the African Brigade , District of Northeast Louisiana . The brigade was led successively by Col . Isaac F . Shepard ( who was under arrest at the time of the Battle of Milliken ' s Bend ) and then Hermann Lieb ( wounded June 7 , 1863 ) . Finally , Lt . Col . Charles J . Paine led the brigade as the campaign wound down . Returning to Lake Providence , the regiment was engaged in a minor battle on June 9 against a small Confederate force composed of the 13th Texas Infantry Regiment and the 13th Louisiana Cavalry Battalion . The 8th Louisiana was then on routine garrison duty at Vicksburg , Mississippi , until the late winter of 1864 . Then , it participated in the expedition up the Yazoo River from February 1 until March 8 , and participated in the capture of Yazoo City , Mississippi , on February 4 . U . S . Colored Troops . The regiment subsequently returned to Vicksburg , where it was reorganized as the 47th Regiment Infantry , United States Colored Troops on March 11 .
Abram J . Buckles Abraham Jay Buckles ( August 2 , 1846 – January 19 , 1915 ) was an American soldier and jurist . Born near Muncie , Indiana , on August 2 , 1846 , to Thomas and Rebecca ( Graham ) Buckles , his first name was often abbreviated as " Abram " . Buckles was largely self - educated , and was known for his heroism during the American Civil War and his years of service on the California bench . On December 15 , 1865 , he married Louiza / Louisa Conn . Together , they had two daughters , Addie Jessie and Lola B . Civil War . In 1862 , Buckles joined Company E , 19th Indiana Infantry , which was to become part of the " Iron Brigade , " First Army Corps of the Army of the Potomac , even though he was only 15 years old . Buckles was wounded by bullets four times during the Civil War : at the Second Battle of Bull Run ( thigh ) ; Gettysburg ( right shoulder ) ; the Wilderness ( body ) ; and the Battle of Hatcher ' s Run ( knee ) . His right leg was amputated after being shot through the knee at Hatcher ' s Run , and was discharged from service just 15 days before Lee ' s surrender . By that time , Buckles was a Second Lieutenant in the 20th Regiment Indiana Infantry ( Reorganized ) . Buckles left the Army in May 1865 as a 19 - year old man and returned to Indiana . He was later awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions during the Battle of the Wilderness . Citation . BUCKLES , ABRAM J . Rank and organization : Sergeant , Company E , 19th Indiana Infantry . Place and date : At Wilderness , Va . , 5 May 1864 . Entered service at : Muncie , Ind . Birth : Delaware County , Ind . Date of issue : 4 December 1893 . Citation : Though suffering from an open wound , carried the regimental colors until again wounded . Judge Buckles . After his discharge , Buckles became a teacher while he read the law . He was admitted to the Indiana bar , but then moved his family to Dixon , California in 1875 . There , he began his legal career . In 1879 , he was elected District Attorney of Solano County , a position he retained until 1884 , when he became Judge of the Superior Court of Solano County . Governor George Pardee named Buckles to the newly created Court of Appeal , Third Appellate District , in April 1905 . Buckles was denied nomination for election to the appellate court in 1906 , and left office upon the expiration of his term in 1907 . He returned to practice in Fairfield , and in 1908 returned to the bench of the Superior Court of Solano County , where he served for the remainder of his life . Judge Buckles was actively involved in civic and fraternal organizations . He was elected commander of the Grand Army of the Republic , Department of California and served as Past Grand Chancellor of the Knights of Pythias in California . Death . Judge Buckles died 11 days after an operation at Ramona Hospital in San Bernardino County on January 19 , 1915 . He was buried in Suisun - Fairfield Cemetery .
Battery Way Battery Way is a battery of four 12 - inch mortars located on the island of Corregidor . Battery Way was one of two ( Battery Geary the other ) mortar batteries at Fort Mills that , with Fort Hughes , Fort Drum , Fort Frank and Fort Wint formed the Harbor Defenses of Manila and Subic Bays . Battery Way was named for Lt . Henry N Way of the 4th U . S . Artillery . Construction and design . Battery Way was constructed as part of the fortification s program initiated by the Taft Board . Constructed between 1908 and 1914 , it was the only single - pit mortar battery built as part of the program . Its four coast defense mortars , M1890MI guns on M1896MI carriages , were designed to loft armor - piercing shells in a high trajectory onto the decks of warships threatening Manila Bay . Advances in naval gunnery and ship design rendered these weapons mostly obsolete by the end of World War I . World War II . Battery Way played a very limited role during the Philippines Campaign in the Spring of 1942 , only becoming active in the last week of the battle . Three of Battery ' s four mortars were fired for the first time on April 28 against Japanese positions on nearby Bataan . Its exposure to Japanese artillery , air attack , and its limited supply of high explosive shells greatly diminished its effectiveness . By the time of the Japanese landings on Corregidor island only one mortar tube of Battery Way remained serviceable , the other two having been damaged beyond repair by Japanese artillery . The battery was manned by the Japanese after the fall of Corregidor in 1942 . The guns were permanently damaged during the retaking of Corregidor by U . S forces in early 1945 . Post - war . Corregidor Island , its surviving fortifications , and associated war relics are presently maintained as a national park . Daytime and overnight tours are available . The entire island is now maintained by the Cavite Foundation Institute ( CFI ) of Cavite , Philippines , and the Department of Tourism . Aside from the tours , trekking , hiking , and swimming has become a part of visitors ' activities .
53rd Infantry Regiment ( Imperial Japanese Army ) The 53rd Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment in the Imperial Japanese Army . The regiment was attached to the 17th Infantry Brigade of the 17th Division and participated during the Second Sino - Japanese War as part of the Central China Expeditionary Army , before being assigned to the Thirteenth Army . The regiment fought in the later stages of World War II , assigned to the Japanese Eighth Area Army at Bougainville Island in the Solomon Islands .
Kulmerland ( ship ) The Kulmerland was a supply ship of the " Kriegsmarine " that operated during the Second World War in the Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean . It was named after the Kulmerland region of Prussia , with the city of Kulm , which in 1920 was made part of the Polish Corridor . She supplied German auxiliary ships ( surface raiders ) such as the " Kormoran " , " Orion " and " Komet " , for a time disguised as a Japan ese merchant ship " Tokyo Maru " . " Kulmerland " was built in 1928 at Deutsche Werft , Hamburg , for the Hamburg America Line , operating on the North Atlantic route . After her operations in the Pacific she returned to Europe via the Cape of Good Hope , arriving at Nantes in 1943 , but was trapped there . On 23 September 1943 she was damaged during an air raid . The ship was scuttled in August 1944 during the German retreat . She was refloated in 1945 , but further repairs were abandoned . She was eventually towed to Briton Ferry , Wales , in 1950 for scrapping .
Battle of Lutetia The Battle of Lutetia was a battle on the plain of Grenelle in what is now Paris between Roman forces under Titus Labienus and an anti - Roman Gallic coalition in 52 BC during the Gallic Wars . It was a Roman victory . Course . Labienus had been sent to fight the peoples of the Seine by Caesar , whilst Caesar himself attacked Gergovia . Having already captured the oppidum of " Metlosedum " ( possibly present - day Melun ) , Labienus crossed the River Seine to attack the coalition near Lutetia . Threatened by the Bellovaci , he decided to re - cross the Seine aiming to rejoin Caesar ' s force at Agedincum ( Sens ) . Feinting a general retreat , Labienus in fact crossed the river and the Gauls blocked his path to Caesar and battle was joined . At the first shock the Seventh Legion placed on the right wing pushed back the enemy . On the Roman left , made up of the Twelfth Legion , the pilum volleys broke up the first charge , but the Gauls still put up a fierce resistance , encouraged by their old chieftain Camulogene . The moment of decision came when the military tribune s of the Seventh Legion fell on the enemy rear . The Celtic troops left in reserve intervened , taking a nearby hill , but were unable to reverse the course of the battle and took flight . The reserves ' losses were increased when the Roman cavalry was sent to pursue them . Labienus ' s force thus advanced to Agedincum , recaptured their baggage train and found themselves able to rejoin Caesar , returning to Gergovia
Fort de Goede Hoop The Fort de Goede Hoop ( ' Fort of Good Hope ' ) was the first military building to be erected in what is now Cape Town . It was built in 1652 , and was in use until 1674 when it was superseded by the Castle of Good Hope . The Fort was built by the Verenigde Oost Indische Compagnie ( Dutch East India Company ) , when it established a replenishment station under Jan van Riebeeck on the shore of Table Bay in 1652 . Constructed of earth and timber , it was square , with a pointed bastion at each corner . The bastions were named " Drommedaris " , " Walvisch " , " Oliphant " , and " Reijger " . The bastions were named after the ships in Van Riebeeck ' s fleet . Within the Fort were living quarters , kitchens , a council chamber ( which was also used for church services ) , a sick bay , workshops , and storerooms . Cannons were placed on the ramparts . A nearby stream was diverted and channeled to form a moat around the fort . Being built of earth , the Fort needed frequent maintenance and repairs , especially after heavy rains . In January 1666 , work began on a stone fortress to replace the Fort . It took eight years to build , and it was not until 1674 that it was ready for occupation . On 2 May 1674 , the council resolved to demolish the Fort , except for some stores which were retained for a while longer , until their contents had been moved into the Castle . Nowadays , for some reason , the Fort is sometimes confused with the Redoubt Duijnhoop , which was built some distance away , at the mouth of the Salt River , in 1654 .
Netherwood Hughes Netherwood " Ned " Hughes ( 12 June 1900 – 4 April 2009 ) was one of the last two Tommies who served the United Kingdom during the First World War , along with Harry Patch , although Patch is the only one to have seen action . Hughes was also one of three British veterans still living in the country , with Patch and Henry Allingham being the other two . The Ministry of Defence has not confirmed his war service , but many First World War service records were destroyed in the Blitz during the Second World War . However the World War I Veterans Association invited him to the Cenotaph for the 90th Anniversary of the Armistice . He did not attend as his family felt that the journey would be too much for him . He was born in Great Harwood , the middle child of seven siblings to John , who worked as an optician , and Robina . He had three brothers : Charlie , Henry , and Sidney , who served in the Royal Navy on HMS Albion . Hughes spent most of his working life as a mechanic and driver and , in June 1918 , he was called up , like every other driver in Great Britain , to perform that role in the British Army . While he was still in training the war ended , and he returned home to drive in a mill . He later became a bus driver . Hughes married twice , but never had any children , although he was frequently visited by his nephews at his care home , Woodlands Home for the Elderly in Clayton - le - Moors , where he spent most of his time in the grounds , smoking his pipe . When receiving a birthday card from the Queen each year since his 100th birthday , he commented : " She has the same frock on " . In his final few weeks , Ned ' s health deteriorated and he had difficulty speaking for a week before his death , according to his niece , Ann Hutton . He died of natural causes on 4 April 2009 , aged 108 , at Woodlands . Speaking to the " Accrington Observer " , Mrs Hutton said , " It ’ s not the family ’ s wishes for a military funeral . We don ’ t want bugles and whistles , we just want a simple family affair . He couldn ’ t stand any fuss on his birthdays . "
2nd West Virginia Veteran Volunteer Infantry Regiment The 2nd West Virginia Veteran Volunteer Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The regiment was created by the amalgamation of the 1st West Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment ( 3 Year ) and the 5th West Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment on December 10 , 1864 . The regiment was mustered out of service on July 16 , 1865 . Casualties . The 2nd West Virginia Veteran Volunteer Infantry Regiment suffered 1 enlisted men killed or mortally wounded in battle and 16 enlisted men dead from disease for a total of 17 fatalities .
2S19 Msta The 2S19 " Msta - S " ( , after the Msta River ) is a self - propelled 152 mm howitzer designed by Russia / Soviet Union , which entered service in 1989 as the successor to the SO - 152 . The vehicle is based on the T - 80 tank hull , but is powered by the T - 72 ' s diesel engine . Development . The " Msta " is a modern howitzer designed for deployment either as an unarmored towed gun , or to be fitted in armored self - propelled artillery mountings . Current production of the towed model is designated " Msta - B " , while the self - propelled model is the " Msta - S " ( also known by the GRAU index 2S19 ) . Development of the 2S19 started in 1985 under the project name " Ferma " . The prototype was known as Ob ' yekt 317 . The 2S19 ' s standard equipment consists of a semi - automatic laying system 1P22 , an automatic loader , an NBC protection system , passive night vision device for the driver , a wading kit , a dozer blade , a smoke generator and 81mm smoke grenade launchers , 1V116 intercom system and a 16 kW generator AP - 18D . In 2008 the Russian armed forces ordered an improved model with an automated fire control system . The 2A64 ordnance of the 2S19 can fire the following types of ammunition , among others : HE ( 24 . 7 km ) , HEAT - FS , HE - BB ( 28 . 9 km ) , HERA ( 36 km ) , smoke , chemical , tactical nuclear , illumination and cargo ( ICM ) . The laser - guided round “ Krasnopol ” ( of the 9K25 system ) can also be launched , as well as the shorter " Krasnopol - M ” which fits into the automatic loader . Specifications . Msta - S specifications provided by manufacturer
No . 295 Squadron RAF No 295 Squadron RAF was an airborne forces and transport squadron of the Royal Air Force during World War II . It was the first unit to be equipped with the Armstrong Whitworth Albemarle transport and glider tug aircraft . History . With the Airborne Forces . No . 295 Squadron was formed on 3 August 1942 at RAF Station Netheravon as an airborne forces unit , equipped with Whitley Mk . V s . These were from November 1942 used in leaflet dropping mission over France , supplemented in February 1943 with Halifax Mk . V s , which they used in Operation Beggar . By October 1943 the squadron converted to the Albemarle Mk . I . With these aircraft the squadron shared – with 570 sqn . - the honour of being the first to drop troops over Normandy on the eve of D - Day , while other aircraft of the squadron towed gliders to the landing zones . The Albemarles gave way in July 1944 to the Stirling Mk . IV , the squadron used these aircraft during the Battle of Arnhem during Operation Market Garden , again towing gliders . In early October 1944 , Short Stirlings of the RAF ' s No 295 Squadron took up residence at RAF Station Rivenhall , with most of its operations consisting of supply drops to Norwegian resistance forces and similar activities over Holland and Denmark . The last assault action with the Stirlings was on 24 March 1945 , when the unit took part in Operation Varsity , the crossing of the Rhine . The Stirlings further provided service carrying troops to Norway to disarm the Germans there when the war was over . The squadron was disbanded at RAF Station Rivenhall on 21 January 1946 , whereupon the station was held on a care and maintenance basis . With Transport Command . On that same day 190 squadron was renumbered to 295 squadron as a Transport Squadron ( Rawlings claims 1 February , and does not mention the renumbering ) , flying Halifaxes of the A . 7 type . It was soon disbanded however , on 31 March 1946 at RAF Station Tarrant Rushton , the same airfield where it had been reformed , and renumbered to 297 Squadron With the Airborne Forces again . The squadron was reformed again as an airborne forces squadron on 10 September 1947 at RAF Station Fairford , again flying Halifaxes , but of the type A . 9 now . After a little more than a year it disbanded again , at Fairford , on 1 October 1948 , on 31 October 1948 , or on 1 November 1948 . < ref name = " www . raf38group . org / 295squadron " > http : / / www . raf38group . org / 295squadron < / ref >