naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Dorchester Heights Dorchester Heights is the central area of South Boston . It is the highest area in the neighborhood and commands a view of both Boston Harbor and downtown . History . Dorchester Heights was and is remembered in American history for an action in the American Revolutionary War known as the Fortification of Dorchester Heights . After the battles of Lexington and Concord , Revolutionary sentiment within New England reached a new high , and thousands of militiamen from the Northern colonies converged on Boston , pushing the British back within what were then relatively narrow city limits . In June 1775 British soldiers under General William Howe attacked and seized Bunker Hill , but in the process sustained many losses . Following this encounter , the Continental Congress in Philadelphia gave George Washington the title of commander - in - chief and sent him to oversee the Siege of Boston . The stalemate in Boston lasted for months , only breaking when Colonel Henry Knox returned from Fort Ticonderoga in New York , having led a team of sleds loaded with tens of thousands of pounds of artillery ( cannon ) in winter from the fort across hundreds of miles to Boston . This added artillery gave Washington the firepower needed to make a decisive move . On the night of March 4 , 1776 , as 800 American soldiers stood guard along the river of Dorchester shores , 1 , 200 American soldiers occupied Dorchester Heights . They began working through the night to build structures suitable to defend against the British Army . A large portion of the artillery , pulled by oxen , was moved and installed , without being noticed by the British , at Dorchester Heights , a point of strategic importance due to its elevation and commanding view of all of Boston and Boston Harbor . In response , Howe planned a counteroffensive to take the fortified positions on the Heights , but bad weather forced him to reconsider . The Royal Navy evacuated the British Army from Boston on March 17 , 1776 , along with many Loyalists . March 17 is observed as the holiday Evacuation Day in Suffolk County , Massachusetts . Monument . The Dorchester Heights Monument was completed in 1902 to designs by Boston architects Peabody and Stearns . It is 115 feet ( 35m ) tall , built of Georgia white marble capped with octagonal cupola and weather vane , and is generally reminiscent of a church steeple in the Federal style . The monument is now operated by the National Park Service as part of Boston National Historical Park . Panoramic fireworks displays on the Fourth of July . Dorchester Heights is one of the highest natural geographical locations in greater Boston , and affords panoramic views of many communities to the south and west of the city . This view is of particular interest on July 4 , where after sunset one can watch the official fireworks from over a dozen communities , along with countless amateur displays , as they unfold on the horizon over the course of the evening .
ORP Wilk ORP " Wilk " was the lead boat of her class of mine - laying submarine s of the Polish Navy . The ship saw service in the Polish Navy from 1931 to 1951 . Her name meant " Wolf " in Polish . History . " Wilk " was laid down in 1927 at Chantiers Augustine Normand shipyard at Le Havre in France . Launched on April 12 , 1929 , she was commissioned into the Polish Navy on 31 October 1931 . When World War II began on September 1 , 1939 , " Wilk " , commanded by Captain Boguslaw Krawczyk , took part in the Worek Plan for the defence of the Polish coast , operating in Gdańsk Bay . On September 2 she spotted a destroyer " Erich Steinbrinck " , but could not attack it , because she fell herself under attack of minesweepers ( the German report on firing a torpedo at " Steinbrinck " is not confirmed by the Polish ) . On September 3 she deployed her mines as planned . On September 4 and 5 the " Wilk " was under continuous depth charge attacks and had to lay on the sea bottom during daytime , suffering minor damage . During next days , attempts at attacking enemy shipping were unsuccessful . Then she left the Polish coast , successfully passing the Danish straits ( Oresund ) on September 14 / 15 , escaping from the Baltic Sea and arriving in Great Britain on September 20 . Only ORP " Orzeł " managed to accomplish the same feat later ; the other three Polish submarines were interned in neutral Sweden . On December 7 , 1939 one of the mines laid by the submarine in September sank a German fishing boat MFK Pil 55 " Heimat " ( 13 GRT ) at position . On June 20 , 1940 at 0 . 25 am , the ORP " Wilk " rammed an unidentified object at position . There was a long dispute upon this incident . The 2nd in command Sub . Lt . Bolesław Romanowski claimed in his memoires " Torpeda w celu " , that it was a German U - boot . Supporters of this version suggested , that it might have been " U - 22 " , lost some time earlier . Some suggested , that it might have been an Allied Dutch submarine O13 , also lost at sea around that time . However , according to newest analysis of " Wilk ' s " damages and all reports , the object was most likely a buoy , since both " Wilk ' s " propellers got damaged , while a rudder and rudder ' s connector below them , was intact , which was unlikely in case of ramming a submarine . She undertook nine patrols from the British bases , without success . The last patrol was between 8 and 20 January 1941 , then the submarine was assigned to training duties . Due to her poor mechanical shape , ORP " Wilk " was decommissioned as a reserve submarine on April 2 , 1942 . On 28 September 1946 ORP " Wilk " was given under the British control by the Polish Government in Exile . The submarine remained laid up at Harwich . Because of her poor condition , only in October 1952 she was towed to Poland . She was declared unfit to service , decommissioned from the Polish Navy , and scrapped in 1954 . A second ORP " Wilk " , a Foxtrot class submarine , served in the Polish Navy from 1987 to 2003 .
Canon de 65 M ( montagne ) modele 1906 The Canon de 65 M ( montagne ) modele 1906 or ( 65 mm mle . 1906 ) was a French mountain gun which entered service with the " regiments d ' artillerie de montagne " in 1906 and was one of the first soft - recoil guns in service . The carriage of the mle 1906 was hinged and could be broken down into four mule loads for transport . By 1939 , the weapon was generally used as an infantry support gun . After 1940 , the Germans would use these as 6 . 5 cm GebK 221 ( f ) . The gun was also used by Albania , Greece , Israel ( 1948 Arab - Israeli War , as " Napoleonchik " ) and Poland . Combat history . France . During World War I the French Armée d ’ Orient used the mle 1906 against the forces of the Central Powers in the mountains of Macedonia . There were 72 mle 1906 ' s in service on the Balkan Front during the allied breakout from the Salonica bridgehead on September 15 – 29 , 1918 . The initial success of this allied offensive led Bulgaria to capitulate on October 9 , 1918 , later in October 1918 Serbia was liberated and lastly Austria - Hungary capitulated in November 1918 when faced with invasion from allied forces from the south . Israel . The Canon de 65 M ( montagne ) modele 1906 was used by the Israel Defense Forces in the 1948 Arab - Israeli War , and was nicknamed " Napoleonchik " by the Israelis due to its old look . The first use of two of these cannons , lacking sights , was made in the Battle of Degania in northern Israel , which was also the first time the Israeli side employed field artillery . Subsequent uses were made in numerous major operations in the war , including Operation Bin Nun and Operation Pleshet .
Efficiency Decoration ( South Africa ) The Efficiency Decoration was a distinctive award to recognise long and meritorious service of at least twenty years as an officer in the volunteer Army and Air Force Citizen Force of the Union of South Africa . It was instituted by a Royal Warrant dated 29 December 1939 , and was extended to the South African Naval Forces from 1942 . Description . The medal consisted of a silver oak wreath , tied with gold , with the Royal Crown and Cypher in the centre suspended from a silver bar - brooch by a 38 mm dark green ribbon with a 8 cm central yellow stripe . The bar - brooch bears the words UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA – UNIE VAN SUID - AFRIKA . Wearing of ED and EM . An officer was permitted to wear both the ED and the EM , providing he had completed the service periods prescribed for both awards , i . e . a total of 32 years ' service . War service , subject to certain conditions , was counted as double time . Further service . Further awards of this decoration were denoted by a silver rose emblem . This decoration was replaced in 1952 by the John Chard Decoration which was awarded to both officers and men alike .
Italian submarine Console Generale Liuzzi Console Generale Liuzzi was an Italian " Liuzzi " - class ocean - going submarine of the Regia Marina , launched in 1939 and sunk in 1940 by Royal Navy destroyers . Construction . " Liuzzi " was built at the Tosi Shipyard in Taranto . She was laid down on 1 October 1938 and launched on 17 September 1939 . Armament . The four submarines of the " Liuzzi " - class were armed with a single deck gun , four machine guns in twin mounts and eight torpedo tubes , with four reloads for a total of twelve torpedoes carried . Loss . Attacked by the British destroyers HMS " Dainty " , " Ilex " , " Decoy " , " Defender " and the Australian HMAS " Voyager " south of Crete , she was scuttled on 27 June 1940 . Her commanding officer at the time of the attack was Capitano di Corvetta Lorenzo Bezzi .
III Corps ( Grande Armée ) The III Corps of the Grande Armée was the designation of a few military units during the Napoleonic Wars . The III Corps came to prominence between 1805 and 1809 under the command of Marshal Louis Nicolas Davout , when it repeatedly scored impressive victories single - handedly or in conjunction with other French forces . Napoleon called it " " My tenth legion " " , in reference to Julius Caesar ' s finest unit , the X Equestris . Then troops from that Corps took part in many battles in Poland ( 1807 ) e . g . Czarnowo , Pultusk , Golymin , Eylau , in Bavaria at Teugen - Hausen , Eckmuhl and in Austria 1809 at Wagram . These troops later were reorganized as I Corps and included French , German / Polish units . It also included the 127th to 129th " " régiment d ' infanterie de ligne " " from the north German countries of Oldenburg , Bremen and Hamburg that were annexed shortly before and thus counted as French . A parallel III Corps existed in Spain from 1808 until 1811 when it became the " Army of Aragon " . Its commanders were Bon - Adrien Jeannot de Moncey , Jean - Andoche Junot , and Louis Gabriel Suchet . Cobbled together from hastily - raised French conscripts and Polish auxiliaries , the corps later became one of the most effective French forces in Spain under Suchet . Size . By the time of Napoleon ' s invasion of Russia in 1812 , III Corps was reorganized and went under the command of Marshal Ney . It consisted of French , Württemberg , Portuguese and Croatian units and like the rest of Napoleon ' s forces , suffered heavy casualties as the campaign progressed : at the crossing of the Niemen River in 1812 , the III Corps ' size was estimated at around 44 , 000 men ; by the Battle of Smolensk , only 22 , 000 men remained . Battles . The III Corps participated in a number of battles , including Austerlitz , Auerstadt , Eylau , Teugen - Hausen and Eckmuhl . The III Corps also fought at Borodino . Marshal Michel Ney ( 1812 )
Gabriel René Paul Gabriel René Paul ( March 22 , 1813 – May 5 , 1886 ) was a career officer in the United States Army most noted for his service as a Union Army general in the American Civil War . Birth and early years . Born in St . Louis , Missouri , Paul was the grandson of René Auguste Chouteau . He graduated in 1834 from the United States Military Academy , 18th of 36 cadets in his class . He served as an officer in the 7th U . S . Infantry during the Seminole Wars and the Mexican - American War . He was wounded at the Battle of Cerro Gordo , but recovered to serve in the campaign to capture Mexico City . He led an assault party that captured a Mexican flag during the storming of Chapultepec . Military career . Paul began the Civil War as a Major in the 8th Infantry Regiment , and in December 1861 was appointed Colonel of the 4th New Mexico Volunteers at Fort Union in the New Mexico Territory . He led a brigade as a brigadier general in 1st Division , I Corps during the Battle of Chancellorsville . He was transferred to a brigade in 2nd Division , fighting at the Battle of Gettysburg , where he was seriously wounded in the left eye during the defense of Oak Ridge on the first day of the battle . His injuries left him totally blind and with severely impaired senses of hearing and smell . Unable to perform anything except some administrative duties , he was kept on the Army ' s roll until February 1865 , when he was officially retired from the service . Death and burial . Paul died in Washington , D . C . , and was buried with full military honors in Arlington National Cemetery . His grave can be found in Section 1 , Lot 16 .
Kajiwara Kagesue , also known as Kajiwara Kagetoki , was a samurai in service to the Minamoto clan during the Genpei War of Japan ' s late Heian period . The " Heike monogatari " records an anecdote about a friendly competition with Sasaki Takatsuna prior to the second battle of Uji . Mounted on Yoritomo ' s black horse , Surusumi , he races Takatsuna across the River Uji . Kagesue met death in Suruga at the hands of men loyal to Minamoto no Yoriie .
Siege of Musashi - Matsuyama ( 1563 ) In Japanese history , the 1563 siege of Musashi - Matsuyama was a successful attempt by a combined Takeda clan - Hōjō clan army to regain Musashi - Matsuyama castle from the Uesugi clan ; the Hōjō had seized the castle from the Uesugi in 1537 , but lost it in 1563 , and so sought to regain control of it once more . Musashi - Matsuyama , situated in Japan ' s Musashi province ( today Saitama prefecture ) , is so called simply to distinguish it from the other locations known as Matsuyama Castle throughout Japan . Retaken by the Uesugi , who held it originally before the Hōjō siege twenty - six years earlier , it came under siege from the Hōjō and Takeda very soon after it was regained . The besieging army , under the command of Takeda Shingen and Hōjō Ujiyasu , employed a team of miners to dig under the castle ' s defenses , allowing the greater portion of their force easier access to their target .
Charles H . Roadman II Lieutenant General Charles H . Roadman II ( born November 27 , 1943 in San Antonio , Texas ) was the 16th United States Air Force Surgeon General ( 1996 – 1999 ) , Headquarters U . S . Air Force , Bolling Air Force Base , Washington D . C . LtGen Roadman ' s father , MajGen Charles H . Roadman ( 1914 – 2000 ) , was also an Air Force flight surgeon and command pilot . Air Force career . Roadman entered the Air Force in May 1968 . After receiving his medical degree from Emory University School of Medicine , he completed his internship and residency in obstetrics and gynecology ( OB / GYN ) at Keesler Medical Center . He is board certified in OB / GYN and is a diplomate of both the American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology and the American College of Healthcare Executives . Roadman served as a commander three times , twice in a hospital and once in a medical center . He was also a major command deputy surgeon , surgeon and command surgeon of both U . S . Transportation Command and Air Mobility Command . He served as both commander , Air Force Medical Operations Agency and deputy surgeon general , Office of the Air Force Surgeon General . He assumed duties as Surgeon General in November 1996 . He retired from the Air Force on December 1 , 1999 . Academia . Roadman was Assistant Dean , Wright State Medical School ( 1988 ) ; the Distinguished Professor of Preventive Medicine at the Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences ( 1997 – 1999 ) , and Adjunct Professor of Health Services Management and Leadership at The George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services . After the Air Force . After retiring from the Air Force , LtGen Roadman moved into the public health sector as President and CEO of the American Health Care Association ( AHCA ) ( 1999 – 2004 ) Dr . Roadman also served as Chairman of the Board of Trustees of Altarum , and is currently on their Advisory Board .
German submarine U - 482 German submarine " U - 482 " was a Type VIIC U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . She was laid down on 13 February 1942 at Deutsche Werke in Kiel as ' werk ' 317 and went into service on 1 December 1943 under the command of Hartmut von Matuschka . " U - 482 " began her service by training with the 5th U - boat Flotilla . She then transferred to the 9th , followed by the 11th flotillas . Career . " U - 482 " carried out two war patrols from Bergen in Norway , having sailed briefly to Horten ( also in Norway ) , both under Matuschka ' s command . The first , which began on August 14 , 1944 , took " U - 482 " off the coast of Ireland . Over a nine - day period , she sank two freighters , the two tankers " jacksonville " and " Empire Heritage " as well as the British corvette for a total of . It was the single most successful war patrol by a Type VII U - boat in 1944 . " U - 482 " mounted a second patrol beginning November 18 , but was sunk with all hands a week later by the British frigate Fate . During the war it was thought that the " U - 482 " was not sunk until January 16 , 1945 , and that she had damaged the escort carrier ( later determined to be the work of ) . Credit for her sinking was given to the ships of British Support Group 22 . In the 1990s the British Admiralty revised that assessment and declared that " U - 482 " had possibly struck a mine in the North Channel , off Malin Head , in early December 1944 . In 2005 U - boat researcher Axel Niestlé determined that " U - 482 " was probably sunk by the British frigate HMS " Ascension " west of the Shetland Islands . Raiding career . Between August and November 1944 " U - 482 " sailed on two combat patrols , sinking four merchant ships totalling and the .
160th Ohio Infantry The 160th Ohio Volunteer Infantry ( or 160th OVI ) was an infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The 160th Ohio Infantry was organized in Zanesville , Ohio and mustered in May 12 , 1864 for 100 days service under the command of Colonel Cyrus Reasoner . The regiment left Ohio for Harpers Ferry , West Virginia , May 12 . Detached for duty guarding supply train at Martinsburg . Assigned to Reserve Division , Department of West Virginia , May 25 . Moved to Woodstock , Virginia . Detached and moved to Martinsburg in charge of supply trains . Newtown May 29 – 30 . Skirmish at Middletown June 7 . Operations in the Shenandoah Valley in charge of wagon trains until July . Operations about Harpers Ferry July 4 – 7 . Maryland Heights July 6 – 7 . Duty in the trenches about Harpers Ferry until August 25 . The 160th Ohio Infantry mustered out of service September 9 , 1864 . Ohio National Guard . Over 35 , 000 Ohio National Guardsmen were federalized and organized into regiments for 100 days service in May 1864 . Shipped to the Eastern Theater , they were designed to be placed in " safe " rear areas to protect railroads and supply points , thereby freeing regular troops for Lt . Gen . Ulysses S . Grant ’ s push on the Confederate capital of Richmond , Virginia . As events transpired , many units found themselves in combat , stationed in the path of Confederate Gen . Jubal Early ’ s veteran Army of the Valley during its famed Valley Campaigns of 1864 . Ohio Guard units met the battle - tested foe head on and helped blunt the Confederate offensive thereby saving Washington , D . C . from capture . Ohio National Guard units participated in the battles of Monacacy , Fort Stevens , Harpers Ferry , and in the siege of Petersburg . Casualties . The regiment lost 16 men during service ; 1 enlisted man killed and 1 officer and 14 enlisted men due to disease .
Georg Feig Oberstleutnant Georg Karl Feig ( 27 February 1899 – 12 February 1970 ) was a Lieutenant Colonel of the German Army in Nazi Germany and recipient of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross . Early life . Georg Feig was born on 27 February 1899 , in the town of Annaberg in Saxony , Germany to Karl and Mina Feig . Feig completed an apprenticeship and business related studies in 1916 . The following year found Feig working in a management capacity for a large toy manufacturing firm before joining the German Imperial Army to fight in the First World War as a member of Grenadier - Regiment Kaiser Wilhelm , König von Preußen ( 2 . Königlich Sächsisches ) Nr . 101 on 21 June 1917 . In September 1918 Feig earned his first award , the Iron Cross 2nd Class , in what would ultimately prove to be a highly decorated military career . Feig was discharged from active duty on April 1 , 1919 . Feig ' s rank upon discharge was that of Grenadier ( Private ) . World War II . Pre - War Nazi Germany . In 1934 , a year before the official rearmament of Germany began , Feig took part in military exercises with local units , the 10th and 11th Infantry Regiments . A year later , and now a Gefreiter , Feig exercised with the 1st Schützen - Regiment ; a unit eventually incorporated into the 1st Panzer Division . Now attached to the 1st Schützen - Regiment , Feig was promoted in relatively short succession from Gefreiter to Unteroffizier and then to Wachtmeister in March and August 1937 , respectively . Feig received his second award , the Sudetenland Medal , for his regiment ' s participation in the German annexation of the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia . Second World War . By the Invasion of Poland on September 1 , 1939 , the newly promoted Leutnant Feig was leading a platoon in 8th Company of the 1st Schützen - Regiment . During the campaigns in Belgium and France in May and June 1940 , Feig , now an Oberleutnant , was in command of the 7th Company of the 1st Schützen - Regiment . Barbarossa . Feig led 3rd Company of the 113th Schützen - Regiment as the 1st Panzer Division spearheaded the advance into Soviet territory . After convalescing from a wound received in June , Feig returned to his division in September as it prepared to assault the city of Leningrad . Feig ' s division , after the siege upon Leningrad subsided , was withdrawn , in order to participate in the planned assault upon Moscow . Feig ' s unit , again , spearheaded the division ' s advance . It was during these actions that Feig ' s service was recognized by the awarding of the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross .
776th Radar Squadron The 776th Radar Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit . It was last assigned to the Northeast Air Defense Sector , Air Combat Command , stationed at Bangor Air National Guard Base , Maine . It was inactivated on 6 September 1991 . From 1951 - 1980 , the unit was a General Surveillance Radar squadron providing for the air defense of North America . From 1985 - 1991 , it operated Over The Horizion Backscatter ( OTH - B ) radar for Tactical Air Command . Assignments . Stations