naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
INS Aridhaman INS " Aridhaman " is the second " Arihant " - class submarine . She is the second nuclear - powered ballistic missile submarine being built by India . She is being built under the Advanced Technology Vessel ( ATV ) project to build indigenous nuclear submarines at the Ship Building Centre in Visakhapatnam . She is the second indigenous nuclear submarine built by India and also the second built outside the P5 nations . Description . The " Aridhaman " will have a length of overall , a beam of and a draft of . She displaces and has a diving depth of . The complement is about 95 , including officers and sailors . The boat will have one seven - blade propeller powered by an pressurised water reactor . She can achieve a maximum speed of when on surface and when submerged . The submarine has four launch tubes in its hump . She can carry up to 12 K - 15 Sagarika missiles with 8 multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle s ( MIRV ) each ( with a range of ) , or 4 of the under - development K - 4 missiles ( with a range of ) . " Aridhaman " will be fitted with a combination of two sonar systems – USHUS and Panchendriya . USHUS is a state - of - the - art sonar meant for Kilo - class submarine s . Panchendriya is a unified submarine sonar and tactical control system , which includes all types of sonar ( passive , surveillance , ranging , intercept and active ) . It also features an underwater communications system . The hull features twin flank - array sonars and Rafael broadband expendable anti - torpedo countermeasures . Status . " Aridhaman " is being built in Visakhapatnam . She is currently being outfitted and is expected to be launched by 2013 or the first quarter of 2014 .
USS Estrella ( 1862 ) USS " Estrella " ( 1862 ) was a 438 - ton steamer acquired by the Union Navy from the Union Army during the second year of the American Civil War . Armed with heavy guns ( one with rifled barrel ) and with two howitzers for shore bombardment , " Estrella " was versatile and useful in both stopping blockade runners at sea and at bombarding shore positions . Acquired from the Army in 1862 . " Estrella " , a side wheel steamer built in England in 1853 was reportedly captured in the Union blockade as a blockade runner . She was transferred from the Army to the Navy late in 1862 , and commissioned soon after , Lieutenant Commander A . P . Cooke in command . Civil War service . Gulf of Mexico operations . Assigned to the West Gulf Blockading Squadron , " Estrella " served throughout the war off Mobile , Alabama , and New Orleans , Louisiana , along the Texas coast , and up the rivers flowing into the Gulf of Mexico . During the first 13 days of November 1862 she took part in a series of engagements with CSS " J . A . Cotton " and Confederate shore batteries along the Atchafalaya River and Bayou Teche . With her captain serving as commander of the flotilla maintained in Berwick Bay , " Estrella " led the attack on CSS " Queen of the West " 14 April 1863 . The Confederate ship was set afire by Union gunfire and after 90 of her crew had been rescued , exploded . Four days later , Cooke led his flotilla up the Atchafalaya once more , to attack the batteries at Butte - a - la - Rose , Louisiana . The batteries were captured intact , with their garrison of 60 men and large supplies of ammunition and commissary stores . A Union Army garrison was at once sent up to hold the town , another key point won by the Union Navy in its continuing campaign to take complete control of coastal areas . Attack on Fort De Russy . From 3 to 6 May 1863 , " Estrella " sailed up the Red River to join in the attack on Fort De Russy , and during June and July participated in the attacks on Port Hudson , Louisiana which led to its fall on 9 July . Other outstanding events in her very active service included the capture of schooner " Julia A . Hodges " in Matagorda Bay , Texas , on 6 April 1864 and a leading role in the attacks on Fort Powell in Mobile Bay on 5 August 1864 . These attacks were made in coordination with the brilliant battle of Mobile Bay . Service as flagship . After being repaired at New Orleans in the first 4 months of 1865 , " Estrella " served as flagship of the West Gulf Blockading Squadron , continuing to cruise in the Gulf of Mexico and its tributary waters until 30 June 1867 , when she sailed for New York Navy Yard . Post - war decommissioning . " Estrella " was decommissioned at the New York Navy Yard on 16 July 1867 , and sold 9 October 1867 .
Robin Braun Robin R . Braun is an American vice admiral in the United States Navy . She currently serves as Chief of Navy Reserve and Commander , Navy Reserve Force . She assumed her current assignment on August 13 , 2012 . Prior to her current assignment , Admiral Braun served as Deputy Director , European Plans and Operations Center , ECJ - 3 United States European Command . The daughter of a career naval aviator , she was born in Pensacola , Florida . She is a graduate of Northern Arizona University . She was commissioned in 1980 and was designated a naval aviator in 1981 . Braun ’ s first assignment was to Training Squadron ( VT ) 31 , Naval Air Station Corpus Christi , Texas , where she served as an instructor pilot in the T - 44 aircraft . She was then assigned to Fleet Air Reconnaissance Squadron ( VQ ) 3 , NAS Barbers Point , Hawaii , serving as a mission commander , aircraft commander , and instructor pilot in the EC - 130Q aircraft and providing airborne communications to strategic forces . Subsequent squadron tours include Fleet Logistics Support Squadron ( VR ) 61 , NAS Whidbey Island , Washington , and VR - 51 , NAS Glenview , Illinois . Braun was selected for aviation command and served as commanding officer of VR - 48 , NAF Washington , D . C . During her tour , the squadron was awarded the Battle Efficiency Award and Chief of Naval Operations ( CNO ) Safety Award . Subsequent command tours include : Navy Air Logistics Office ( NALO ) ; Navy Reserve Carrier Strike Group 10 supporting the USS " Harry S . Truman " ( CVN - 75 ) and Joint Task Force Katrina ; and , Tactical Support Center 0793 supporting Patrol and Reconnaissance Wing Five . Staff assignments include naval intern on the Joint Staff ( J3 ) , Aviation Initial Assignments detailer at Navy Personnel Command , facilitator for the Naval Safety Center ’ s Culture Workshop Program and chief of staff , CNO Operations and Plans supporting chief of Naval Operations ( OPNAV ) N3 / N5 . Upon selection to flag rank , she reported to Navy Recruiting Command where she served as deputy commander and commander until 2009 . Subsequently , she was assigned as director , Total Force Management for the Deputy Chief of Naval Operations for Information Dominance ( OPNAV N2 / N6 ) . Braun is currently serving as deputy director , European Plans and Operations Center ( ECJ - 3 ) , United States European Command , Patch Barracks , Stuttgart , Germany . Braun has accumulated over 5 , 800 flight hours in Navy aircraft . Her awards include the Legion of Merit ( three awards ) , Meritorious Service Medal ( four awards ) , the Navy and Marine Corps Commendation Medal ( two awards ) , and the Navy and Marine Corps Achievement Medal ( three awards ) . In May 2012 , she was nominated for the rank of Vice Admiral and Chief of Navy Reserve . On 13 August 2012 , she relieved Vice Admiral Dirk J . Debbink .
Bert Wipiti Bert Sam Wipiti DFM ( 16 January 1922 – 3 October 1943 ) was a New Zealand fighter ace of World War II , initially with RAF squadrons . Biography . A Māori and born in New Plymouth , he joined the RNZAF in January 1941 . Initially he was with No . 243 Squadron RAF at Kallang Airport , Singapore , flying the outclassed Brewster Buffalo fighter . He claimed 3½ kills for the period to March 1942 . He was killed over France while flying a Spitfire with No . 485 Squadron RNZAF , escorting a bombing raid on a French power station . References . " For your tomorrow " ( Volume 2 ) by Errol W . Martyn ( Volapone Press Christchurch c1998 ) ( page 149 ) ISBN 0 - 473 - 06311 - 5 External links . ' Life ' s Too Short To Cry ' Tim Vigors DFC Page 231 - 234
Sir Samuel Cornish , 1st Baronet Sir Samuel Cornish , 1st Baronet ( ca . 1715 – 30 October 1770 ) was a British naval commander who fought in the Seven Years ' War and conquered Manila on 6 October 1762 . Early career . Cornish joined the Navy in 1728 , and having been promoted to lieutenant in 1739 , he served at Cartagena in 1741 . In 1742 he became flag captain of HMS " Namur " under Vice - Admiral Thomas Mathews and served with him in the Mediterranean . He was given command of HMS " Guernsey " later that year and commissioned HMS " Stirling Castle " in 1755 . In 1758 he transferred to HMS " Union " . Seven Years War . In 1759 Samuel Cornish took part in some battles against the French . When Spain entered the war early in 1762 Cornish was appointed Commander of an East Indies Squadron , who , together with soldiers of the 79th Regiment under William Draper were ordered to attack the Spaniards in the Philippines . In the following Battle of Manila the city was taken after a siege of 10 days . This victory made Cornish a very rich man . He saw no further service after this battle . He became vice - admiral in October 1762 , was MP for New Shoreham between 1765 and 1770 and was created a baronet in 1766 , a title which became extinct upon his death . In 1765 Cornish purchased Tofte Manor , Sharnbrook , in Bedfordshire . He left his large fortune to his nephew Captain Samuel Pitchford , who at the head of HMS America , had also taken part in the capture of Manila . The town Cornish in New Hampshire was named after him .
21st Division ( German Empire ) The 21st Division ( " 21 . Division " ) was a unit of the Prussia n / German Army . It was formed on October 11 , 1866 and was headquartered in Frankfurt am Main . The division was subordinated in peacetime initially to the XI Army Corps ( " XI . Armeekorps " ) and from 1899 to the XVIII Army Corps ( " XVIII . Armeekorps " ) . The division was recruited in the formerly independent Duchy of Nassau and the Electorate of Hesse , which had been incorporated into Prussia after the Austro - Prussian War , and in the city of Frankfurt am Main . The division was disbanded in 1919 during the demobilization of the German Army after World War I . Combat chronicle . During the Franco - Prussian War , the 21st Infantry Division fought in the opening Battle of Woerth and the major Battle of Sedan . It subsequently participated in the Siege of Paris . In World War I in 1914 , the 21st Infantry Division fought in the Allied Great Retreat , including the First Battle of the Marne , and in the Race to the Sea . In 1916 , it saw action in the Battle of Verdun and the Battle of the Somme . In 1917 , it fought in the Second Battle of the Aisne . It served in the German 1918 Spring Offensive , including the Second Battle of the Somme . Allied intelligence rated the division as first class . Order of battle in the Franco - Prussian War . During wartime , the 21st Division , like other regular German divisions , was redesignated an infantry division . The organization of the 21st Infantry Division in 1870 at the beginning of the Franco - Prussian War was as follows : Pre - World War I organization . German divisions underwent various organizational changes after the Franco - Prussian War . As noted above , the 21st Division was reorganized to become primarily a Hannover / Brunswick unit . The organization of the 21st Division in 1914 , shortly before the outbreak of World War I , was as follows : Order of battle on mobilization . On mobilization in August 1914 at the beginning of World War I , most divisional cavalry , including brigade headquarters , was withdrawn to form cavalry divisions or split up among divisions as reconnaissance units . Divisions received engineer companies and other support units from their higher headquarters . The 21st Division was again renamed the 21st Infantry Division and its initial wartime organization was as follows : Late World War I organization . Divisions underwent many changes during the war , with regiments moving from division to division , and some being destroyed and rebuilt . During the war , most divisions became triangular - one infantry brigade with three infantry regiments rather than two infantry brigades of two regiments ( a " square division " ) . An artillery commander replaced the artillery brigade headquarters , the cavalry was further reduced , the engineer contingent was increased , and a divisional signals command was created . The 21st Infantry Division ' s order of battle on April 28 , 1918 was as follows :
Ryszard Białous Ryszard Białous codename : Jerzy ( b . 4 April 1914 in Warsaw - 24 March 1992 in Neuquen , Argentina ) was a Polish scoutmaster ( harcmistrz ) captain of the AK - Szare Szeregi . Commander of the Batalion Zośka before and during the Warsaw Uprising .
3rd Parachute Battalion ( Belgium ) The 3rd Parachute Battalion ( , ) is a military formation of the Belgian Army and part of the Paracommando Regiment It caries on the regimental traditions of the Belgian Korean War volunteers . Corps of Volunteers for Korea . After the outbreak of the Korean War in 1950 , the United Nations asked the Belgian government for military assistance . Belgium , conscious of the vast cost and logistical difficulties of sending large numbers of men or equipment across the world , elected to put an elite unit under UN command . Since the Belgian constitution forbade sending anyone but volunteers on overseas deployments in peacetime , it was not possible to send an existing battalion , so the Belgian United Nations Command ( known as BUNC ) was created . BUNC also incorporated a platoon of volunteer from Luxembourg . BUNC soldiers wore Brown Berets with a new cap badge to distinguish them from other Belgian units . BUNC fought in several of the key engagements of the Korean War from 1951 , including the Battle of the Imjin River , the Battle of Haktang - ni and the Battle of Chatkol . BUNC won Presidential Unit Citation ( United States ) and Presidential Unit Citation ( Republic of Korea ) for its heroism and citations for these battles are included on the Regimental Standard . Of the 3 , 000 Belgian soldiers who served in Korea , over 100 were killed in action between the battalion ' s arrival in 1951 and the 1953 armistice . The last Belgian forces left Korea in 1955 . Peacekeeping . Somalia . In December 1992 , 1st Parachute Battalion deployed to Somalia as part of US - led United Nations mission Operation Restore Hope . Their role involved protecting UN aid distribution , as well as searching out militants . The 3rd Parachute Battalion was later also deployed to the country . In 1993 , two soldiers of the 3rd Parachute Battalion were arrested , after a photo apparently showing two soldiers holding a Somali boy above a fire appeared in Belgian newspapers . Two soldiers were put on trial in Belgium , but both were acquitted by a military tribunal through lack of evidence .
4721st Air Defense Group The 4721st Air Defense Group is a discontinued group of the United States Air Force . Its last assignment was with the 4700th Air Defense Wing at Larson Air Force Base , Washington , where it was last active in1959 . The group was formed to provide a single command and support organization for the two fighter interceptor squadrons of Air Defense Command ( ADC ) , that were tenants at Larson , a Tactical Air Command ( TAC ) base . It was discontinued after the 322d Fighter - Interceptor Squadron moved in 1959 , leaving only a single fighter squadron at Larson . History . The 4721st Air Defense Group was organized in 1956 at Larson AFB to centralize supervision and support of the 322d Fighter - Interceptor Squadron ( FIS ) and the 538th FIS . Both squadron s were already stationed at Larson , flying radar equipped and HVAR rocket armed North American F - 86D Sabre interceptor aircraft , and assigned directly to the 9th Air Division . The 4721st was a tenant of Tactical Air Command ( TAC ) ' s 62d Air Base Group ( ABG ) , the host organization at Larson . In July 1957 , the base transferred from TAC to Military Air Transport Service , although the 62d ABG remained the host unit . In the summer of 1957 , both the 322d FIS and the 538th FIS upgraded to later model Sabres equipped with data link to tie them directly into the Semi - Automatic Ground Environment command and control system . In about June 1958 , the 538th FIS converted to Lockheed F - 104 Starfighter s . In April 1959 , the 322nd FIS moved to Kingsley Field , Oregon and was reassigned out of the group as part of ADC ' s drawdown at Larson AFB . The following month , the 4721st was discontinued and its remaining squadron , the 538th FIS , was assigned directly to the 4700th Air Defense Wing . Lineage . Assignments Components Stations References . Bibliography . Further Reading
Al - Samh ibn Malik al - Khawlani Al - Samh ibn Malik al - Khawlani ( ) was the Arab governor general of Al - Andalus from between 718 and 721 . He led a Muslim incursion into current southern France in the early part of the 8th century . After some initial success leading a large Arab army into Visigothic Septimania and besieging a number of towns and cities including Narbonne , Béziers , Agde , Lodève , Maguelonne ( Montpellier ) and Nîmes , he returned to Muslim Iberia to gather more Muslim fighters prior to attacking the strongly defended Aquitanian capital city of Toulouse . He returned to Septimania and on to southeastern Aquitaine with a massive army , siege engines , infantry , horsemen and mercenaries . The siege of Toulouse , with its near - impregnable walls , lasted until early summer . The defenders , short of provisions , were close to breaking when , around June 9 , 721 , Eudes the Great , the duke of Aquitaine , returned at the head of a large Aquitanian and Frankish force , attacking al - Samh ' s rear and launching a highly successful encircling movement . A major , decisive battle ensued . Caught between the Toulouse defenders and Eudes ' s men , al - Samh tried to break out , but was trapped with the bulk of his troops in a place that came to be called by Muslim chroniclers " Balat al Shuhada " ( ' the path of the martyrs ' ) where he made a determined last stand as his army was decimated by the Christian forces . Al - Samh himself was critically wounded and died shortly afterwards .
Dury Memorial The Dury Memorial is a World War I Canadian war memorial that commemorates the actions of the Canadian Corps in the Second Battle of Arras , particularly their breakthrough at the Drocourt - Quéant Line switch of the Hindenburg Line just south of the town of Dury . The Drocourt - Quéant Line was a main position in the German Army ' s defensive position in the area . The action took place on 2 and 3 September 1918 during a period known as the Hundred Days Offensive or Canada ' s Hundred Days . Particularly noteworthy for such a brief battle was that seven Canadians earned a Victoria Cross on September 2 during the battle . Monument . Site Selection . The Canadian Battlefield Monument Commission established after the Great War was appointed to select the location and design of the memorials to commemorate the Canadian participation in the First World War . The Canadian National Vimy Memorial at Vimy Ridge was selected as the national memorial site and seven other locations at Hill 62 , St . Julien and Passchendaele in Belgium , as well as Le Quesnel , Dury , Courcelette and Bourlon Wood in France were chosen to commemorate significant battles the Canadian Expeditionary Force had engaged in . Each of the seven sites were to have an identical granite block inscribed with a brief description of the battle in both English and French . At Dury , the Memorial is situated symbolically where the Drocourt - Quéant Line crossed the Arras - Cambrai Road . Design and Location . The Dury Memorial site is a small square park located on the north side of the D939 Route Nationale , south of Dury , between the cities of Arras and Cambrai . Tall , stately maple trees line three edges of the park and well kept lawns surround the low circular flagstone terrace that the granite memorial block rests on .
3 . 7 cm SK C / 30 The 3 . 7 cm SK C / 30 was the German Kriegsmarine ' s primary anti - aircraft gun during the Second World War . It was superseded by the fully automatic 3 . 7 cm FlaK 43 late in the war . Description . The " C / 30 " was a single - shot , semi - automatic anti - aircraft gun that was loaded one round at a time which dropped its effective rate of fire to a mere 30 rounds per minute , far inferior to the 80 - 100 rounds per minute of its contemporary , the Bofors 40 mm anti - aircraft gun . The " SK C / 30U " gun was modified for use by submarines . All mountings were suitable for use against both air and sea targets . Mountings . The " Dopp LC / 30 " was a twin mount with each gun in a separate cradle . It had a six - man crew on the mount itself plus additional ammunition handlers . The mounting was manually traversed and elevated and was gyro - stabilized up to a limit of 19 . 5° degrees to counteract the roll and pitch of the ship . Most German ships , fleet torpedo boat or larger , carried at least one " Dopp LC / 30 " mounting . The " Einheitslafette C / 34 ( universal mounting model 34 ) " was a single gun mounted on a pedestal with a two - man crew . Some mounts were fitted with a gun shield . It was used on the smaller Kriegsmarine ships like the Schnellboot . A number were used on land to supplement the anti - aircraft defenses of ports . The " Ubts LC / 39 " submarine mount used the " SK C / 30U " gun . It was a simple pedestal mount with a two - man crew , one of whom trained the gun with the shoulder stirrup ; the other used gears to elevate the gun . Ammunition . The SK C / 30 used two types of tracer rounds . The " 3 . 7 cm Br Sprgr Patr 40 L / 4 . 1 Lh 37M " was a high - explosive round with an incendiary filling while the " 3 . 7 cm Sprgr Patr 40 L / 4 . 1 Lh 37 " lacked the incendiary fill , but was otherwise identical . Tracers were available in red , yellow or white and were marked on the shell by a painted band of the appropriate color . A complete round weighed .