naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Robert P . Baldwin Robert P . Baldwin ( October 19 , 1917 – April 7 , 1994 ) was an Army Air Corps and United States Air Force pilot during World War II and Korea . He became a flying ace during the Korean War , shooting down five enemy aircraft . Military career . World War II . Robert Baldwin entered the Aviation Cadet Program of the U . S . Army Air Corps on September 28 , 1939 , and was commissioned a second lieutenant and awarded his pilot wings at Kelly Field , Texas , on June 22 , 1940 . During the war , he took part in 75 combat missions , flying P - 38s and P - 40s in Europe between 1943 - 1945 . As a lieutenant colonel , in May 1945 he was the commander of the 71st Fighter Squadron based at March Field , California . Korean War chronology . 1948 : Col . Robert Baldwin served as a military observer in Palestine < br > December 1948 to July 1949 : Assistant Deputy for Maintenance and Chief of Flight Operations with Headquarters Oklahoma City Air Material Area at Tinker AFB , Oklahoma < br > July to December 1949 : Attended Air Command & Staff College at Maxwell AFB , Alabama < br > December 1949 to March 1950 : Commander of the 56th Maintenance and Support Group at Selfridge Air Force Base , Michigan < br > March 1950 to June 1951 : Col Baldwin was Deputy for Operations of the 56th Fighter - Interceptor Wing at Selfridge AFB < br > June 1951 to February 1953 : Staff of Headquarters Air Defense Command at Ent Air Force Base , Colorado < br > February 1953 : Joined the 51st Fighter - Interceptor Wing in Korea and was promoted to Commander after 3 missions . He flew a total of 85 combat missions , and has 800 hours on the F - 86 achieving 5 aerial victories plus 3 damaged in the Korean conflict . Cold War chronology . September 1953 to June 1955 : Commander of Kisarazu Air Base , Japan < br > June 1955 to November 1958 : Commander of the 4750th Air Defense Group at Vincent AFB , Arizona < br > November 1958 to June 1962 : Headquarters U . S . Air Force in the Pentagon < br > June 1962 to July 1965 : Staff of Headquarters Allied Air Forces Southern Europe < br > July 1965 to June 1966 : His final assignment was as Assistant Deputy Chief of Staff for Plans with Headquarters Air Training Command at Randolph AFB , Texas . He retired from the service in June 1966 . Decorations . Griffin was awarded the following decorations for his military service .
Yugoslav destroyer Dubrovnik The Dubrovnik ( later Premuda and TA 32 ) was a destroyer built for the Yugoslav Royal Navy in the 1930s . The ship was named after the city of Dubrovnik . She was captured by the Italian Navy in April 1941 following the Axis invasion of Yugoslavia . The ship was in turn captured by the Germans in September 1943 after the Italian armistice and scuttled in April 1945 . Design . The ship was built by Yarrow Shipbuilders in Glasgow and was the largest destroyer yet built . The Yugoslavs demanded a destroyer that was faster and better armed than any likely Italian opponent . The guns were supplied by the Czech company Skoda and the ship had a heavy anti - aircraft armament for the time . The ship was laid down on 10 June 1930 , launched 12 October 1931 and commissioned in May 1932 . Yugoslav Navy service . The ship took King Alexander of Yugoslavia on a state visit to France in 1934 . She then had the task of returning his body home after he was assassinated . The ship was captured at Kotor on 17 April 1941 . Italian Navy service . The ship was renamed " Premuda " by the Regia Marina and re - fitted . The 84 mm guns were removed and replaced by 37 mm guns and a new director / rangefinder was fitted . She served on convoys to North Africa and was involved in opposing Operation Harpoon . The Premuda was under refit in Genoa at the time of the Italian Armistice and was captured by the Germans on 8 September 1943 . Kriegsmarine service . The Germans re - armed the ship with three 105 mm guns and converted her into a radar picket or fighter control ship with a large Freya type radar installation aft . The radar was later replaced by a fourth 105 mm gun and torpedo tubes . The ship was renamed " TA 32 " and was the flagship of the 10th Flotilla based in Genoa and active in the Ligurian Sea . She fought an action with British destroyers in March 1945 and was scuttled on 25 April 1945 shortly before Genoa was captured by the Allies .
Yeniseysk - 15 Yeniseysk - 15 was the site of a disputed Soviet phased array radar near Yeniseysk in Krasnoyarsk Krai , Siberia . The never operational Daryal radar installation was demolished in 1989 after the United States claimed it was in breach of the Anti - Ballistic Missile Treaty . Daryal radar . The radar being built at Yeniseysk was a Daryal - U ( NATO codename " Pechora " ) , a large phased array radar consisting of two separate large phased - array antennas apart . The transmitter array was and the receiver was in size . The system is a VHF system operating at a wavelength of 1 . 5 to 2 meters ( 150 to 200 MHz ) . The claimed range of a Daryal installation is . Originally , at least seven Daryal facilities were planned , however , only the first two facilities completed , Pechora and Gabala , were ever operational . Two other Daryal - U type were to be built at Balkhash and Mishelevka , Irkutsk , neither were completed before the collapse of the Soviet Union . Location . The Soviet Union started a programme to replace all Dnepr ( NATO : Hen House ) radars with the intention that this would be complete by the mid 1990s and five Daryals were under construction by 1983 . The early warning system had a gap as it did not cover submarine launches of ballistic missile s in the Pacific Ocean . A radar site was needed that would face north east covering this area . The 1972 anti - ballistic missile treaty placed restrictions on the location of early warning radars . Article VI b ) states that the United States and the Soviet Union agree : Initially the manufacturers recommended two sites , Norilsk and Yakutsk , both of which were compliant with the treaty . They were overruled by the Ministry of Defence on cost grounds and Yeniseysk was selected despite being from the border . It was believed that Yeniseysk , being inland , would provide the coverage of two radars further out . It is also closer to the Siberian industrial region which would make it cheaper as it has good railway and power infrastructure nearby . Controversy . The Soviet Union announced that the new radar was for space surveillance rather than for early warning of missile attack , and hence was compliant with the ABM treaty . The radar was given the designation OS - 3 ( OS - 1 was Mishelevka and OS - 2 Balkhash ) rather than an RO - designation which would be associated with an early warning site . However the radar appeared to be a Daryal radar which were used for ballistic missile early warning as well as space surveillance . The United States complained and construction was halted in 1987 . In 1989 the Soviet Union admitted that it was a breach of the treaty and it was demolished .
Christopher Wallace ( British Army officer ) Lieutenant - General Sir Christopher Brooke Quentin Wallace KBE , DL ( born 3 January 1943 ) is a retired British Army general and current trustee of the Imperial War Museum . Military career . Wallace was educated at Shrewsbury School and at the Royal Military Academy , Sandhurst . He was commissioned in 1962 . His regimental service in the Royal Green Jackets concluded with command of the 3rd Battalion in Germany and Northern Ireland from 1983 to 1985 . He later commanded 7th Armoured Brigade from 1986 to 1988 and was Director of Public Relations ( Army ) in the Ministry of Defence from 1989 to 1990 . He commanded 3rd Armoured Division from 1990 to 1992 in Germany and was Commandant of the Staff College , Camberley from 1993 to 1994 . He established the Permanent Joint Headquarters ( UK ) at Northwood during a tour from 1994 to 1996 , and then became the UK ' s first Chief of Joint Operations there from 1996 to 1999 . He was Colonel Commandant of the Royal Green Jackets from 1995 to 1998 and Colonel Commandant of the Light Division from 1998 to 1999 . Wallace was Commandant of the Royal College of Defence Studies from January 2001 until January 2005 and was first appointed to the Board of the Imperial War Museum in July 1999 and has served one term . He is Chairman of the Trustees of The Royal Green Jackets Museum from 1999 . He was Deputy Lieutenant for Hampshire in 2004 .
Peter Gamble Lieutenant Peter Gamble ( November 5 , 1793 – September 11 , 1814 ) was an officer in the United States Navy during the War of 1812 . Born in Bordentown , New Jersey , Gamble was appointed midshipman 16 January 1809 and served on Thomas Macdonough ' s flagship " Saratoga " in the Battle of Lake Champlain . He was killed in action while in the act of sighting his gun 11 September 1814 . Macdonough deplored Gamble ' s loss and commended his gallantry in action . USS " Gamble " ( DD - 123 ) was named for him and his brother , Lieutenant Colonel John M . Gamble .
GB - 4 GB - 4 was a precision guided munition developed by the United States during World War II . It was one of the precursors of modern anti - ship missiles . Following German success with the Hs - 293 and Fritz - X , the U . S . began developing several similar weapons , such as Felix , Bat , Gargoyle , GB - 8 , and GB - 4 . GB - 4 ' s development began in 1944 as clear weather , good visibility weapon to attack heavily - defended targets ; it was only useful against objectives readily identifiable on the crude CRT screens of the period . It featured a plywood airframe with twin booms and fins with a single elevator . The warhead was a 2000 pound ( 900 kg ) general purpose ( GP ) bomb . The target was acquired by a television camera beneath the warhead , with a field of view 18° high and 14° wide , and the bomb was steered by radio command guidance , the operator tracking it by means of flare s in the tail . It was intended to be carried externally , under the wing of a Boeing B - 17 Flying Fortress or North American B - 25 Mitchell . Release was at about 175 miles per hour ( 280 km / h ) and 15 , 000 feet ( 4575 m ) altitude , giving a range of 17 miles ( 27 km ) , with an average flight time of four minutes . Its accuracy was 200 feet ( 60 m ) . The Pacific War ended before it entered combat .
Georgia Sustainment and Stability Operations Program The Georgia Sustainment and Stability Operations Program ( GSSOP ) was a security assistance program designed to create an increased capability in the Georgian military to support Operation Iraqi Freedom stability missions . Launched in January 2005 , GSSOP was also designed to help solidify the progress made during the Georgia Train and Equip Program ( GTEP ) of 2002 – 2004 and continue to assist in the implementation of western standards in the Georgian armed forces . The first phase of the program ( GSSOP - I ) lasted about 18 months and cost approximately $ 60 million . It ended in October 2006 to be succeeded by GSSOP - II , which lasted until June 2007 . The training was conducted , primarily at the Krtsanisi National Training Centre near Tbilisi , by the United States Army Special Forces and United States Marine Corps Forces , Europe . The beneficiaries were the 22nd , 23rd , 31st , 32nd and 33rd Light Infantry Battalions , logistic battalions of the 1st , 2nd , and 3rd Infantry Brigades , the reconnaissance companies of the 2nd and 3rd Infantry Brigades , communication companies of the 2nd and 3rd Brigades , and an independent military police company . On August 31 , 2009 , the U . S . and Georgia inaugurated Georgia Deployment Program — International Security Assistance Force ( GDP — ISAF ) In order to prepare the Georgian units for deployment in Afghanistan as part of the International Security Assistance Force .
German Type IXB submarine The German Type IXB submarine was a sub - class of the German Type IX submarine built by the German Navy ( " Kriegsmarine " ) between 1938 and 1940 . The U - boat s themselves were designed to be fairly large ocean - going submarines . The inspiration for the Type IXB submarine came from the earlier original Type IX submarine , the Type IXA submarine . The design of the IXA was developed to give an increased range , a change which resulted in a slightly heavier overall tonnage . This design was improved even further in the later Type IXC submarines . The class comprised 14 submarines , " U - 64 " , " U - 65 " , " U - 103 " , " U - 104 " , " U - 105 " , " U - 106 " , " U - 107 " , " U - 108 " , " U - 109 " , " U - 110 " , " U - 111 " , " U - 122 " , " U - 123 " , and " U - 124 " . The Type IXB submarines were the most successful class of submarine in the war in terms of the total amount to tonnage sunk , with each U - boat sinking an average of over 100 , 000 tons during its career . Design and construction . Construction . All Type IXB submarines were ordered by the German " Kriegsmarine " between 16 July 1937 and 8 August 1939 as part of Plan Z and the overall German plan of re - armament in violation of the Treaty of Versailles . The design of the IXB submarines came from the initial Type IX submarines , the Type IXA . All contracts for the construction of the submarines were awarded to AG Weser , Bremen . The first U - boat to be laid down in the Bremen ship yards was " U - 65 " , whose keel was laid down on 6 December 1938 . The last U - boat to be laid down was " U - 111 " , whose construction began on 20 February 1940 . By the end of 1940 , all Type IXB submarines had been fully constructed and commissioned into the " Kriegsmarine " . Design . All Type IXB submarines had while submerged and when surfaced . As a result they could travel at while surfaced and submerged . The Type IXB submarines had a range of at while on the surface and at while submerged . They had 6 torpedo tubes ( 4 in the bow , 2 in the stern ) and carried a total of 22 torpedoes . Unlike the earlier Type IXAs , the Type IXB submarines were equipped with 44 TMA mines as well . The Type IXB submarines were equipped with a " Utof " 105 mm / 45 deck gun with a magazine of 110 rounds . The last piece of armament that the Type IXB submarines were equipped with were the standard 2 cm FlaK 30 anti - aircraft guns . All Type IXB submarines could hold up to 56 crew members at any given time though that number was usually around 45 – 48 crew members . After being commissioned and deployed , all of the Type IXB submarines built prior to the fall of France were stationed in the German port city of Wilhelmshaven while those who were commissioned following the capture of numerous French ports during the Battle of France were stationed in Lorient . List of Type IXB U - boats . The " Type IXB " class had 14 U - boats , all of which were built by AG Weser of Bremen :
W . Paul Thayer William Paul Thayer ( November 23 , 1919 – May 6 , 2010 ) was a test pilot , aviation executive , and United States Deputy Secretary of Defense during the Reagan Administration . Biography . W . Paul Thayer was born November 23 , 1919 , in Henryetta , Oklahoma and attended high school in Wichita , Kansas . After a high school , he attended Wichita State University , then spent a year working as an oil field roughneck , before enrolling at the University of Kansas , where he majored in petroleum engineering . During his time in college , he enrolled in the Civilian Pilot Training Program in order to train as a pilot . After college , Thayer entered the Naval Aviation Cadet Program in mid - 1941 , earning his wings as a naval aviator in March 1942 . His posting in the United States Navy during World War II was with Fighter Squadron 26 ( VF - 26 ) . Thayer flew a F4F Wildcat and became a flying ace , with six confirmed and four probable aerial victories , and nine further Japanese Air Force aircraft destroyed on the ground . He also participated in the sinking of a Japanese destroyer . Thayer retired from the Navy as a lieutenant commander . Immediately after leaving the Navy , Thayer worked as a transport pilot for Trans World Airlines for two years . He then joined the Chance Vought Aircraft Company as a test pilot in 1948 . There , he rose rapidly through the ranks , becoming Chief Test Pilot in 1949 , Flight Test Director , Vice President of Sales in 1951 , and finally Company President in 1961 . In 1968 , he was awarded the James H . Doolittle Award . In 1965 , the company was reorganized as Ling - Temco - Vought ( LTV ) , and Thayer became president of LTV . In 1970 , LTV Aerospace was in deep financial distress and Thayer took over as chief executive officer of LTV . Thayer managed to successfully turn the company around . Thayer was deeply involved in the business community in the 1970s , serving as president of the United States Chamber of Commerce and as a member of The Conference Board . On December 6 , 1982 , President of the United States Ronald Reagan nominated Thayer to be United States Deputy Secretary of Defense . After confirmation by the United States Senate , he was sworn in on January 12 , 1983 . He served as Deputy Secretary of Defense until January 4 , 1984 , when he resigned amid inquiries into charges of furnishing confidential stock market information , and was replaced by William Howard Taft IV . Paul Thayer died on May 6 , 2010 . He is the father of actress Brynn Thayer .
Gerald W . Clusen Gerald W . Clusen is a Rear Admiral in the United States Navy . Biography . A native of Manitowoc , Wisconsin , Clusen graduated from the University of Wisconsin - La Crosse with a B . S . in computer science with a minor in mathematics . In civilian life , Clusen worked for Kimberly - Clark for more than 28 years . Career . Clusen originally enlisted in the United States Navy Reserve in 1971 . During the Vietnam War , he served aboard the . Following the war , he served aboard the and the . Commissioned as an officer in 1983 , he was assigned to the Naval Security Group . In October 2010 , he was named Reserve Deputy Commander of the United States Tenth Fleet . Awards he has received include the Meritorious Service Medal with award star , the Navy Commendation Medal , and the Navy Achievement Medal with two award stars .
Richard Symonds - Tayler Admiral Sir Richard Victor Symonds - Tayler KBE CB DSC ( 1897 – 1971 ) was a Royal Navy officer who went on to be Commander - in - Chief , America and West Indies Station . Naval career . Symonds - Tayler joined the Royal Navy in 1910 and served in World War I . He was seconded to the British Naval Mission to Greece in 1929 and was given command of HMS " Centurion " in 1938 . He served in World War II as Commanding Officer of HMS " Sussex " and then as Director Training and Staff Duties at the Admiralty until December 1942 when he was given command of HMS " London " . After the War he was made Chief of Staff to the Commander - in - Chief , Portsmouth and then Chief of Staff to the British Naval Representative on the United Nations Military Staff Committee in 1946 . He was appointed Flag Officer commanding 1st Cruiser Squadron in 1947 and Commander - in - Chief , America and West Indies Station in 1949 ; he made an official visit to Buenos Aires in 1951 and retired in 1952 .
Sveneld Sveneld ( Old Norse : " Sveinaldr " , Cyrillic : Свенельд ) is a semi - legendary 10th - century Varangian warlord in the service of Svyatoslav I of Kiev and his family . Although he seems to have been the richest and the most influential Rus ' leader after the ruling prince , his relation to the House of Rurik , if it existed , has not been positively established . Most of information about Sveneld is scarce . Sveneld started his military career under ( or perhaps independently of ) Igor of Kiev , when he put to the sword the tribe of Ulichs and secured for himself the right to exact tribute from them and from the Drevlyans . The historian Lev Gumilev suggests that Sveneld ' s enormous fortune , recorded in the Primary Chronicle in 945 , was acquired during the 944 expedition of the Rus ' against the city of Berdaa in Caucasian Albania , now Azerbaijan , in which Sveneld is presumed to have been the commander - in - chief . Igor ' s druzhina became jealous of Sveneld ' s wealth and attempted to levy tribute in his lands , but the Drevlyans revolted and killed Igor . Aleksey Shakhmatov theorizes that the Drevlyan uprising against Igor was led by Sveneld ' s son Mstisha . This theory is not universally agreed upon , though . Igor ' s successor Svyatoslav seemed to have been on better terms with Sveneld , who was the second in command during his campaigns in Bulgaria and Byzantium . In 971 , he was in charge of the defense of Preslav against the Greeks . Although the Byzantine historians John Skylitzes and Leo the Deacon testify that Sphangel ( as he was known to them ) met his death at Dorostolon the same year , the Slavonic chronicles mention Sveneld ' s activities several times thereafter . It has even been suggested that Sveneld ' s own tales found reflection in the chronicle ' s account of Svyatoslav ' s campaigns . For example , not entirely impartial is a passage about Sveneld ' s attempts to warn Svyatoslav to avoid the Dnieper cataracts on his way back to Kiev . According to the chronicle , Svyatoslav slighted Sveneld ' s wise advice and was ambushed and killed by the Pechenegs , while the old general successfully returned to Kiev by land . Sveneld seems to have held much of the true power during the minority of Svyatoslav ' s son Yaropolk . The chronicle blames him for having fomented a fratricidal war between Yaropolk and his brother Oleg of the Drevlyans . Indeed , Sveneld may have coveted Oleg ' s Drevlyan lands as his own ancient possession . In later centuries it was said that the war was sparked by Oleg ' s order to kill Sveneld ' s son Lyut when he hunted in the Drevlyan lands which Oleg regarded as his own . After the death of Lyut Sveneld is not mentioned further in the chronicles . Instead , it is Blud who acts as his successor in command of Yaropolk ' s army , to become the ultimate traitor of this prince . Most historians conclude naturally that Sveneld who was certainly very old by the end of 970s should have died before the war between Yaropolk and Vladimir I of Kiev .