naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Gang Hong - rip Gang Hong - rip was a Korean general during the Joseon Dynasty . Under repeated requests from Ming China , Gwanghaegun commanded Gang Hong - rip to help Ming forces with ten thousand soldiers against the Manchus in 1619 . However , Ming armies were crushed in the Battle of Sarhū . The Korean army under command of Liu Ting lost two - thirds of his troops at Fuca and surrendered to Nurhaci . Official Korean records say that Gwanghaegun had ordered a betrayal to Nurhaci , but it is suspected to be a defamation by the Westerners faction , who deposed the king . In 1620 almost all Korean captives were released but Gang Hong - rip , who had good command of the Manchu language , was still kept . Frustrated with unsatisfactory reward for the coup which deposed Gwanghaegun , Yi Gwal rebelled against King Injo in 1624 . He temporarily occupied Hanseong ( modern - day Seoul ) , but was eventually crushed . Han Myeong - nyeon , an accomplice of Yi Gwal , was also killed , but his son Han Yun fled to the Manchus . Gang Hong - rip fell for Han Yun ' s trick and wrongly believed that his family was all killed by the government . To get his revenge on Korea , he urged the Manchus to defeat the dynasty . In 1627 he guided the Manchu army led by Amin to Hanseong and as a Manchu delegate he negotiated for a truce with Korea . Then he discovered that he was deceived about his family being killed and suffered a heartbreak . He was branded as a traitor and deprived his official rank . He was rehabilitated after his death .
Operation Chrome Dome Operation Chrome Dome , initiated in 1960 , was one of several United States Air Force Cold - War era airborne global alert duties or programs in which B - 52 Stratofortress strategic bomber aircraft armed with thermonuclear weapon s were assigned targets in the Soviet Union on schedules guaranteeing that a substantial number of them were flying and fueled for their missions at any given time . Background . During the Cold War , General Thomas S . Power initiated a program whereby B - 52s performed airborne alert duty under code names such as " Head Start " , " Chrome Dome " , " Hard Head " , " Round Robin " , and " Operation Giant Lance " . Bombers loitered near points outside the Soviet Union to provide rapid first strike or retaliation capability in case of nuclear war . Primary mission . The missions in 1964 involved a B - 52D that left Sheppard Air Force Base , Texas and flew across the United States to New England and headed out to the Atlantic Ocean . The aircraft refueled over the Atlantic heading north to and around Newfoundland . The bomber changed course and flew northwesterly over Baffin Bay towards Thule Air Base , Greenland . At this point it flew west across Queen Elizabeth Islands of Canada . Continuing to Alaska , it refueled over the Pacific Ocean again heading south - east and returned to Sheppard AFB . By 1966 , three separate missions were being flown - one East over the Atlantic and the Mediterranean , another north to Baffin Bay , and a third over Alaska . Military units . The following military units were involved : Accidents . The program was involved in the following nuclear - weapons accidents : The Thule accident signaled the end of the program on January 22 , 1968 .
Battle of Vellica The Battle of Vellica was a battle of the Cantabrian Wars fought in the year 25 BC by the emperor Augustus and his Roman legions against the Cantabri forces who resided in the area . The most generally accepted location for the battle is the area around , , Palencia . Location of the Battle . Cildá was populated by the Cantabri people since the 1st century BC . Claudius Ptolemy ( II , 6 , 51 ) mentions " Vellika " first amongst the Cantabrian towns . Certain authors such as Adolf Schulten , , and Iglesias Gil have situated the battle and the town of Vellica as having been in the area of Monte Cildá . According to , this city corresponded with the fortifications built on Monte Cildá ( where there appeared an inscription that cites the clan of the " Vellicum " ) , and that had to have been taken by the Romans from the south , after the taking of Amaya but before . It has likewise been inferred that Vellica and refer to the same city in different chronicles . Another widely accepted belief is that the city could be on the adjacent plain of and that the hill fort was merely a complimentary defensive position . The Battle . In the 1st Century BC , the Roman Empire began its definitive push into the territories contemporaneously dominated by the Cantabri and the Astures , commencing the so - called Cantabrian Wars . The Romans were led in person by the Emperor Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus . According to the chronicles of Florus and Orosius , a momentous battle occurred at the base of Vellica between the Romans , led by Caesar Augustus and the Cantabri that culminated in the taking of the city between 25 - 26 BC . It is likely that this chronicle refers to the lowground surrounding Mave which is where other historians place the battle . Unlike in previous confrontations , in this battle , the Cantabrians opined to face the Romans in open ground to give battle , possibly due to the lack of supplies necessary to defend the hill fort . This battle was won decisively by the powerful Legio IV Macedonica , mustered in " Segisama Iulia " ( Sasamón ) , as a prelude to the eventual assault on . It is also likely that the Legio IX Hispana also took place in the fighting given the size of the battle . A la conquista de la ciudad siguió su destrucción por parte de las fuerzas romanas .
Michael Palaiologos ( general ) Michael Palaiologos ( , died 1156 ) was an early member of the great family of the Palaiologoi , which later ruled the Byzantine Empire . He was a general of the emperor Manuel I Komnenos ( 1143 – 1180 ) . In 1150 , he was sent to raise an army among the people of the region of Ancona for an attempt at resurrecting the old " theme " of Langobardia . In Spring 1155 , Count Robert III of Loritello , a rebel against the king of Sicily , William the Bad , negotiated support from Manuel . With an army of Anconans , Palaiologos and John Doukas descended the Italian peninsula into Apulia . Vieste was the first city to fall , but important Trani resisted surrender until Bari was bribed to open the gates of its citadel a week later . Then , not only Trani , but Giovinazzo and Ruvo surrendered to the Byzantine forces . Richard , Count of Andria , was killed in battle and Andria too submitted . The imperial army moved on to besiege Bosco , where it defeated a royal army . Montepeloso , Gravina , and fifty hamlets surrendered and Monopoli signed a truce . It was then , at the height of the campaign , that Palaiologos died at Bari . The general was known as a womanizer and a drunkard ; he was rumored to have over fifty mistresses .
Outpost Snipe Outpost Snipe was the location of a famous Second World War defensive action during the desert campaign in Egypt . The defense of Outpost Snipe took place during the Second Battle of El Alamein . It is particularly noteworthy due to the tenacity of the troops involved and is an excellent example of a last stand . On the night of 26 / 27 October 1942 , the 2nd Battalion of the Rifle Brigade with support troops including 19 6 - pounder anti - tank gun s was ordered to take possession of a desert feature known as " Snipe " - a small depression in the otherwise featureless landscape suitable for setting up a defensible base . Once completed this point would be used to launch a further advance by a larger body of troops : the 24th Armoured Brigade . The initial advance took the battalion to what they thought was the feature " Snipe " . It was , in fact , a similar depression some 900 yards south of the intended target . Having established a base , scouts were sent out who discovered that a large group of mixed Italian and German tanks and infantry had laager ed nearby . In fact , the Battalion were in the middle of a number of enemy armoured formations . Isolated firefights and skirmishes continued through the night . In the early morning of 27 October two tank columns passed Outpost Snipe apparently unaware of the force that lay hidden there . The troops opened fire with their 6 - pounder anti - tank guns , aiming at the thin side armour of the tanks , destroying 16 tanks with no loss . However , their position was now marked , and they started to receive artillery fire . During the remainder of that day and the next , Outpost Snipe continued to receive fire and tank attacks , including a brief incident of friendly fire , the mistake being realized when observers note that the " enemy " were actually firing on the Germans . 24th Armoured Brigade attempted to advance and relieve the battalion but were repulsed . Between 13 : 00 and 17 : 00 on 28 October the defenders of Snipe faced several attacks by enemy armour . By this time , the gunners were running short of ammunition and Lieutenant J . E . B . Toms made a mad jeep dash under fire to collect some more . He survived and brought in the ammunition but his vehicle was destroyed . The order to withdraw was received at 23 : 00 that night . Only one working gun was brought back out of the outpost : the remainder were disabled before the troops withdrew . The Battalion had suffered 72 casualties but had managed to destroy some 60 enemy vehicles . Lieutenant Colonel Victor Turner was awarded the Victoria Cross for his part in the battle .
Alexis Bruix Alexis Vital Joseph , Baron of Bruix , ( Brest , France , 1790 - Callao , Peru , 1825 ) , Alejo Bruix in Spanish , was French military who joined to the patriot armies to fought in the Spanish American Wars of Independence . Son of Étienne Eustache Bruix , Admiral of the French Navy . Alexis was in the Napoleonic campaigns in the 5th Regiment of Chasseurs a Cheval ( Horse Hunters ) . After the Battle of Waterloo went to Buenos Aires , where he arrived on June 14 , 1818 . This year Alexis was sent to fight in the Army of the Andes , in the Regiment of Horse Grenadiers . He participated in the Battle of Chacabuco , battles of Cancharayada and Maipú . And in the campaign in southern Chile fought the Battle of Bío Bío . Alejo joined to General Jose de San Martin in Freedom Expedition of Peru . He made the campaign of Quito with Juan Lavalle , with battles of Riobamba and Pichincha and was promoted to lieutenant colonel . Back in Peru , joined to the Army of Bolívar as Colonel , and fought in the campaigns of Junin and Ayacucho in 1824 . He died in the siege of el Callao in 1825 .
Battle of Porkuni Battle of Porkuni ( ) was the largest engagement between Estonians serving in the Red Army and Estonian pro - independence and Waffen - SS units . It took place in 21 September 1944 between Lake Porkuni and the Sauvälja village about seven kilometres northeast of the town of Tamsalu during the Leningrad Front ' s Tallinn Offensive Operation ( 17 September 1944 – 26 September 1944 ) . The 249th Rifle Regiment of the 8th Estonian Rifle Corps had heavy machine guns and mortars and were supported by artillery and tank s . Soldiers of the Estonian Waffen Grenadier Division had only light arms and antitank weapons in the form of German panzerfaust s . The 8th Rifle Corps surrounded about 1 , 500 Estonians retreating from the Tannenberg line in the Sinimäed Hills . In the ensuing battle , more than 500 surrounded Estonians were killed . Around 700 were captured . Villagers buried 273 dead Estonians in German uniform . Тhe Soviet Rifle Corps lost 73 men killed , of whom 57 had Estonian names .
XXXV Airborne Corps ( United States ) The XXXV Airborne Corps of the United States Army ( 35th Corps ) was a ' Phantom Unit ' - a military deception created in late 1945 . It formed part of Pastel Two , the deception plan for Operation Olympic , but never formally used due to the Japanese surrender that ended World War II The final version of the Operation Pastel deception plan incorporated notional airborne landings , using dummy parachutists similar to those used on D - Day , in the interior of Kyūshū the day before the actual landings were to take place . The two - division fictional corps that was to carry out the landings was designated XXXV Airborne Corps . Had Operation Pastel been carried out , the first elements of the XXXV Airborne Corps , quartering parties of the 18th Airborne Division , would have been depicted reaching Okinawa on August 15 , 1945 . Following this glider pilots were to have been depicted as reaching Okinawa around August 20 , 1945 , followed by the troops of the 11th ( A real division actually located in the Philippines . ) and 18th ( Notional ) Airborne Divisions , starting to arrive in Okinawa on September 1 , 1945 . On the same day the notional corps headquarters would have been activated .
Sir William Parker , 1st Baronet , of Harburn Admiral Sir William Parker , 1st Baronet ( 1 January 1743 – 31 October 1802 ) , was a British naval commander . Naval career . Parker ' s father , Augustine Parker , had been mayor of Queenborough and a commander of one of the king ' s yachts . William Parker entered the navy about 1756 and in 1758 was on during the capture of Louisbourg and the capture of Quebec the following year . He was promoted to lieutenant in 1762 . For a time he served off the coast of Newfoundland and was promoted to commander in 1763 . In 1777 he went to the West Indies where he served under Byron . He served aboard various ships and as commodore and commander - in - chief on the Leeward Islands station . During the 1790s he served under Admiral Lord Howe . In 1794 he commanded at the Battle of The Glorious First of June and was promoted to Rear - Admiral . After service in Jamaica , in 1797 he took part under Sir John Jervis in the Battle of Cape St Vincent , where he damaged the 112 - gun ship " San Josef " so badly that Commodore Horatio Nelson was able to board and capture her with little opposition . The following year Parker , on blockade duty off Cadiz , bitterly resented that Nelson , junior to himself , was given an independent command in the Mediterranean , but his letters to the Admiralty had no effect . He ended his career as Commander - in - Chief in North America at Halifax from 1800 , and was recalled for disobeying orders . He was not related to his namesake , the second Admiral Sir William Parker .
Robert J . O . Compston Major Robert John Orton Compston ( 9 January 1898 - 28 January 1962 ) was an English fighter pilot credited with 25 victories during World War I . He was one of only seven airman in this war who won three awards of the Distinguished Service Cross . Life and service . Robert John Orton Compston was born in Farnham , Surrey the son of Herbert Fuller Bright Compston , a clergyman , and his wife Rose Contance Compston ( née Orton ) . He joined the Royal Naval Air Service in 1915 when he was 17 years old . He originally flew Home Defense missions , but was reassigned to 8 Naval Squadron when it went to France . He was a close friend of ace Robert Little . Compston served in the Royal Air Force in the Second World War . On the 13 August 1940 , while based at RAF Detling , the airfield came under attack by the " Luftwaffe " . It was the first major effort of the Germans during the Battle of Britain . Junkers Ju 87 " Stuka " dive - bombers devastated the station and Squadron Leader Compston was wounded in action ; one of 42 wounded and 24 killed . Personal life . Compston married Nina Barclay in Chelsea in 1919 . He died in the Worthing area of Sussex on 28 January 1962 aged 64 .
Gazi Husrev - beg Gazi Husrev - Beg ( Ottoman - ' غازى خسرو بیگ ' " Ghāzī Khuṣrow Beg " ; Modern Turkish : " Gazi Hüsrev Bey " ; 1480 – 1541 ) was the Ottoman sanjak - bey of Bosnia in 1521 — 1525 , 1526 — 1534 and 1536 — 1541 . He was an effective military strategist , and the greatest donor and builder of Sarajevo , the capital of modern Bosnia and Herzegovina . Life . Origin . He was born in Serres , Greece , to a " Bosnian " father ( a migrant from the Trebinje region ) and a Turkish mother , who was the daughter of the Sultan . Thus , Gazi Husrev - Beg was Sultan Beyazid II ' s grandson . His name is composed of the Ottoman honorific prefix Gazi and the royal name Husrev . Career . In less than three years , he conquered the fortresses of Knin , Skradin and Ostrovica . He was appointed sanjakbey ( governor ) of the Sanjak of Bosnia on 15 September 1521 , becoming one of Sultan Suleiman I ' s most trusted men . A relentless campaign of conquest soon followed . The fortified towns of Greben , Sokol , Jezero , Vinac , Vrbaški Grad , Livač , Kamatin , Bočac , Udbina , Vrana , Modruč , and Požega all fell at his hands . He founded the Vakuf , which was active until the 20th century . Gazi Husrev - beg played a crucial role to overcome the Crusaders at the Battle of Mohács . His 10 , 000 special Akınji soldiers and his irregular cavalry of Turks , Bosnians and Crimean Tatars served as reserve soldiers in that battle . According to the Turkish military strategy , the Akinji soldiers circled the European knights while the Turkish infantry were making a counterfeit retreat after the first assault . The Turkish army was composed of Ottoman Turks , Crimean Turks and Bosnians , while the Crusaders were composed of other Europeans . Gazi Husrev - Beg and his forces struggled against a power vacuum in Montenegro after the death of his ally Skanderbeg Crnojević in 1528 . In 1541 during an uprising of Montenegro nobility , he set out to protect the Muslim Crnojević s and the local populace . After fighting many battles to maintain order in the region , although ultimately victorious , he was killed fighting renegade Christians in Mokro , a small village in Drobnjaci ( present - day Montenegro ) . Legend states that he was a big man , so his warriors could not carry him , but took apart his intestines , and buried them on small hill called " Hodžina glavica " ( Imam ' s Peak ) . However , its real connection to Gazi Husrev - Beg ' s place of rest is unclear . His corpse was returned to Sarajevo , where it remains in a tomb in the courtyard of his mosque . Above it , the following quote is written , " May the mercy and generosity of God fall upon him every day " .
George Pomutz George Pomutz ( in Romanian : Gheorghe Pomuţ ; May 31 , 1818 – October 12 , 1882 ) was an officer during the Hungarian Revolution of 1848 against the Habsburgs , a general in the Union Army in the American Civil War , and a diplomat . Early life . George Pomutz was born in Hungary in the town of Gyula ( Romanian Giula ) , Békés county ; to ethnic Romanian parents . He received his primary and secondary education in Hungary , followed by the Military Academy in Vienna . He specialized in France and became a royal prosecutor . In 1849 he emigrated to the United States , arriving in in New York on February 24 , 1850 , alongside 20 acquaintances . The group of immigrants settled around the town of Keokuk , Iowa , founding a settlement named " New Buda " located south of the town of Burlington . George Pomutz became a U . S . citizen on March 15 , 1855 . He purchased land and a mining concession , the 1860 U . S . Census finding him living in Decatur , Iowa . Civil War . At the beginning of the Civil War , Pomutz enrolled in the Union Army as a first lieutenant in the 15th Iowa Infantry . He was wounded at the Battle of Shiloh . In May 1864 Pomutz was appointed Provost Marshal of the 17th Iowa Infantry . In August 1864 , he returned to the 15th Iowa Infantry , which he commanded in the Battle of Atlanta . He was appointed a brevet brigadier general on March 13 , 1865 . Trivia : During the Washington Parade , marking the end of the Civil War , the handsome General George Pomutz was awarded the special honour to open the Parade on a nice white horse . Postbellum career . After the end of the Civil War , Pomutz returned to Keokuk . On February 16 , 1866 , he was appointed Consul of the United States in Saint Petersburg , Imperial Russia , serving in that capacity until September 30 , 1870 . During that period , he was involved in the negotiations for the Alaska Purchase . Later he became the American consul general in Saint Petersburg , serving from June 17 , 1874 , until his death there , in 1882 . He was buried in Smolensk , Russia . The Liberty ship was named after him . Launched August 3 , 1944 , the ship served till 1970 . On August 14 , 2004 , a statue of Pomutz was unveiled at the Dormition of the Theotokos Cathedral in Cleveland , Ohio . Quotation . From the address by Emil Constantinescu , President of Romania , at a Joint Meeting of the United States Congress , July 15 , 1998 :
Edward A . DeVore , Jr . Edward Allen DeVore , Jr . ( June 15 , 1947 – March 18 , 1968 ) was a United States Army soldier and a recipient of the United States military ' s highest decoration — the Medal of Honor — for his actions in the Vietnam War . Biography . DeVore joined the Army from Harbor City , California in 1966 , and by March 17 , 1968 was serving as a Specialist Four in Company B , 4th Battalion , 39th Infantry Regiment , 9th Infantry Division . During a firefight on that day , near Saigon in the Republic of Vietnam , he single - handedly attacked an enemy position which had pinned down his squad , drawing fire to himself and allowing his comrades to retreat to safety . DeVore was mortally wounded in the assault and died the next day . He was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions . DeVore , aged 20 at his death , was buried in Green Hills Memorial Park , Rancho Palos Verdes , California . Medal of Honor citation . Specialist DeVore ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity in action at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty . Sp4c . DeVore , distinguished himself by exceptionally valorous actions on the afternoon of 17 March 1968 , while serving as a machine gunner with Company B , on a reconnaissance - in - force mission approximately 5 kilometers south of Saigon . Sp4c . DeVore ' s platoon , the company ' s lead element , abruptly came under intense fire from automatic weapons , Claymore mine s , rockets and grenades from well - concealed bunkers in a nipa palm swamp . One man was killed and 3 wounded about 20 meters from the bunker complex . Sp4c . DeVore raced through a hail of fire to provide a base of fire with his machine gun , enabling the point element to move the wounded back to friendly lines . After supporting artillery , gunships and air strikes had been employed on the enemy positions , a squad was sent forward to retrieve their fallen comrades . Intense enemy frontal and enfilading automatic weapons fire pinned down this element in the kill zone . With complete disregard for his personal safety , Sp4c . DeVore assaulted the enemy positions . Hit in the shoulder and knocked down about 35 meters short of his objectives , Sp4c . DeVore , ignoring his pain and the warnings of his fellow soldiers , jumped to his feet and continued his assault under intense hostile fire . Although mortally wounded during this advance , he continued to place highly accurate suppressive fire upon the entrenched insurgents . By drawing the enemy fire upon himself , Sp4c . DeVore enabled the trapped squad to rejoin the platoon in safety . Sp4c . DeVore ' s extraordinary heroism and devotion to duty in close combat were in keeping with the highest traditions of the military service and reflect great credit upon himself , the 39th Infantry , and the U . S . Army .