naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Sheepeater Indian War The Sheepeater Indian War of 1879 was the last Indian war fought in the Pacific Northwest portion of the United States . A band of approximately 300 Shoshone people , the Tukudeka , were known as the Sheepeaters because of their proficiency in hunting Rocky Mountain sheep . The campaign against the Sheepeaters primarily took place in central Idaho . Leading up to the war , settlers accused the Shoshone of stealing horses in Indian Valley and killing three settlers near present - day Cascade , Idaho during the pursuit . In August , the Shoshone were accused of killing two prospectors in an ambush at Pearsall Creek , five miles from Cascade . By February 1879 they were accused of the murders of five Chinese miners at Oro Grande , murders at Loon Creek , and finally the murders of two ranchers in the South Fork of the Salmon River in May . There was no evidence for these accusations . Heading the campaign against the Sheepeaters was Troop G of the 1st Cavalry led by Captain Reuben Bernard , Company C and a detachment of Company K from the 2nd Infantry Regiment under the command of First Lieutenant Henry Catley , and 20 Indian scouts commanded by Lieutenant Edward Farrow of the 21st Infantry . The troops were all heading toward Payette Lake , near present day McCall . Bernard headed North from Boise barracks , Catley headed South from Camp Howard , and Farrow headed East from the Umatilla Agency . Throughout the campaign , the troops faced difficulty traveling through the rough terrain . The first segment of the campaign , from May 31 to September 8 , was through the Salmon River , dubbed the " River of No Return " because it was barely navigable . By August 20 , a Sheepeater raiding party of ten to fifteen Indians attacked the troops as they guarded a pack train at Soldier Bar on Big Creek . Those who defended the pack train included Corporal Charles B . Hardin along with six troopers and the chief packer , James Barnes . They managed to drive the Sheepeaters off with only one casualty , Private Harry Eagan , of the 2nd Infantry . By October , the campaign ended once Lieutenants W . C . Brown and Edward S . Farrow , along with a group of twenty Umatilla scouts , negotiated the surrender of the Sheepeaters .
List of United States Marine Corps aviation support units This is a list of United States Marine Corps aviation support squadrons , sorted by type . Active . Marine Wing Headquarters Squadrons . Marine Wing Headquarters Squadrons have the mission of providing command and administrative support for a Marine Aircraft Wing . The commanding general and his staff make up the bulk of this squadron . Marine Aviation Logistics Squadrons . Marine Aviation Logistics Squadrons provide direct support to the Marine Aircraft Group . They perform supply and maintenance for aircraft and other Navy - funded equipment . A MALS must be capable of supporting multiple types of aircraft , as well as proving detachments for aviation combat element s . Marine Air Control Squadrons . MACS are responsible for air traffic control ( to include ground - based anti - aircraft weapon s ) , early warning & intercept control , air surveillance , radar control , and airspace management . Marine Air Support Squadrons . MASSs provide the Direct Air Support Center ( DASC ) which controls and coordinates tactical aircraft operations . They are responsible for the processing of immediate requests ( e . g . Close Air Support , CASEVAC , and Assault Support ) , integrate and deconflict indirect fire support ( e . g . , artillery and mortars ) with aviation assets , manage terminal control assets , and procedurally control aircraft . Marine Tactical Air Command Squadrons . MTACS are provide the ACE commander with command and control functions necessary for the aviation mission . They establish a Tactical Air Command Center ( TACC ) , which is the operational command post . Marine Wing Communication Squadrons . MWCSs provide all communication assets for the ACE , including radio , satellite , wire , and data technology . Low Altitude Air Defense Battalions . LAAD Battalions are responsible for close air defense protection of assets within the area of operation , with a secondary mission of local ground security for ACE elements . They are armed with surface to air weapons , as well as early warning and detection equipment . Currently , LAAD battalions are equipped with the FIM - 92 Stinger , a man - portable surface to air missile , and the M2 . 50 cal machinegun . The M1097 Avenger missile - equipped HMMWV has been retired by Marine forces . Marine Wing Support Squadrons . MWSSs perform all manner of ground support , including the creation and maintenance of expeditionary airfields and landing zones , engineer support , bulk fuels ( including aircraft refueling ) , landing zone support , supply , maintenance of ground equipment , and providing local security for the ground assets of the MAW . Combat Logistics Companies . Combat Logistics Companies , while subordinate to a Marine Logistics Group provide intermediate ground logistics support to aviation units , to include supply and maintenance beyond organic capabilities . All Marine air stations not in proximity to a Marine Logistics Group have a tenant company . Inactive . Squadrons are listed by their last designations .
German submarine U - 589 German submarine " U - 589 " was a Type VIIC U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . She carried out seven patrols , was a member of ten wolfpack s , sank one ship of 417 GRT and damaged one other of 2 , 847 GRT . The boat was sunk by depth charge s from a British warship assisted by a British aircraft , in September 1942 . Service history . The submarine was laid down on 31 October 1940 at " Blohm & Voss " , Hamburg as ' werk ' 565 , launched on 6 August 1941 and commissioned on 25 September under the command of " Korvettenkapitän " Hans - Joachim Horrer . She served with the 6th U - boat Flotilla from 26 June 1941 for training and stayed with that organization for operations from 1 February 1942 . She was reassigned to the 11th flotilla on 1 July . 1st and 2nd patrols . " U - 589 " s first patrol was preceded by a short trip from Kiel to the German - controlled island of Helgoland , ( also known as Heligoland ) , in February 1942 . The patrol itself commenced on the 28th . She steamed through the Norwegian Sea and arrived at Kirkenes in the far north of Norway on 21 March . For her second foray , she was involved in firing four torpedo es at the minesweeper HMS " Niger " ; but the tracks were seen , evasive action was carried out , followed by an unsuccessful depth charge attack which caused no damage to the U - boat . 3rd patrol . She left Kirkenes on 8 April 1942 and covered the Barents Sea . She returned to her start point on the 20th . 4th patrol . " U - 589 " damaged the Soviet merchant vessel " Tsiolkovskij " on 1 May 1942 . This ship was later sunk by the German destroyers " Z - 24 " and " Z - 25 " . 5th patrol . After more short voyages from Kirkenes to Skjomen fjord ( south of Narvik ) , then Narvik itself and Bergen in May 1942 , she carried out a relatively uneventful patrol which culminated in her arrival at Skjomenfjord on 12 August . 6th patrol . The boat set out for her sixth sortie on 23 August 1942 . She travelled as far east as Nova Zemlya and returned to Narvik on 1 September . 7th patrol and loss . " U - 589 " set out from Narvik on 9 September 1942 . On the 14th , she was sunk by depth charges , first from a Fairey Swordfish of 825 Naval Air Squadron from HMS " Avenger " , then the British destroyer HMS " Onslow " . Forty - four men died with " U - 589 " ; there were no survivors .
BL 15 inch Mk I naval gun The BL 15 inch Mark I succeeded the gun . It was the first British 15 inch ( 381 mm ) gun design and the most widely used and longest lasting of any British designs , and arguably the most efficient heavy gun ever developed by the Royal Navy . It was deployed on capital ships from 1915 until 1959 , and was a key Royal Navy gun in both World Wars . Design . This gun was an enlarged version of the successful BL 13 . 5 inch Mk V naval gun , specifically intended to arm the new s as part of the British response to the new generation of Dreadnought battleships Germany was building during the naval arms race leading up to World War I . The normal slow and cautious prototype and testing stages of a new gun ' s development were bypassed , and it was ordered straight from the drawing board due to the urgency of the times . In the event it met all expectations and was a competitive battleship main armament throughout both World Wars . The barrel was 42 calibres long ( i . e . , 15 in x 42 = 630 in ) and was referred to as " 15 inch / 42 " . This wire - wound gun fired a 1938 lb ( 879 kg ) Mk XVIIB shell at a muzzle velocity of 2 , 458 ft / s ( 785 m / s ) . Maximum range in shipboard mountings was 33 , 550 yards ( 30 , 680 m ) ( 30 degrees elevation ) . During World War II older battleships with gun elevation limited to 20 degrees were supplied with supercharges to increase their maximum range to 29 , 930 yards ( 27 , 370 m ) at 2638 ft / s ( 804 m / s ) using the Mk XVIIB or Mk XXII projectile , while HMS Vanguard could range to 37 , 870 yards ( 34 , 630 m ) while using supercharges at a gun elevation of 30 degrees . Coastal artillery mountings with higher elevations could reach 44 , 150 yards ( 40 , 370 m ) . The firing life of a 15 inch gun was approximately 335 full charge firings using standard charges , after which it had to be re - lined . Usage . Warships . These guns were used on several classes of battleships from 1915 until , the last battleship to be built for the Royal Navy , completed in 1946 . Warships with the BL 15 inch Mark I gun : Production . 186 guns were manufactured between 1912 and 1918 . They were removed from ships , refurbished , and rotated back into other ships over their lifetime . Two guns , one formerly from ( left gun ) and the other originally mounted in , but later moved to ( right gun ) , are mounted outside the Imperial War Museum in London . < br style = " clear : left ; " >
Battles of Parczew , Jabłoń and Milanów The Battles of Parczew , Jabłoń and Milanów constituted one of the major battles between the Polish Army and the Red Army during the Soviet invasion of Poland . They took place on September 29 – 30 of 1939 at the beginning of the Second World War . They resulted in a Polish victory , as the Polish units successfully broke through the Soviet forces near the town of Parczew and progressed towards the Świętokrzyskie Mountains . Background . Germany invaded Poland on 1 September 1939 , marking the beginning of World War II . On 17 September 1939 the Soviet Union , then an ally of Germany , invaded Poland from the east . They encountered only limited resistance , as the majority of Polish forces were thinly stretched against the German invaders . Despite the increasingly difficult situation , some Polish units continued to struggle against the advancing enemies ; one of the units resisting the Soviets was the Independent Operational Group Polesie under General Franciszek Kleeberg . Battles . The Polesie Group , about 18 , 000 strong , was followed by the Soviets , which planned to neutralize it before securing the Polesie region . The group encountered the Soviets on September 28 near the village of Jabłoń , while advancing south towards Parczew . A number of smaller engagements took place over the next two days . The Soviet advance was interrupted by a successful Polish defense , and eventually a Polish counterattack pushed the Soviets back . As the Polish units advanced towards Milanów , they defeated another Soviet attack , inflicting significant casualties on the enemy and taking a number of prisoners . Aftermath . Soviets took over 100 casualties near Milanów . Their casualties at Jabłoń were few dozen , with a tank captured and another few dozen POWs switching sides to join the Polish army . After the Soviet forces were defeated , they did not engage the Polesie Group again ; instead they would pass the initiative in the region to the German forces , which would engage the Poles instead in what would become the last major battle of the Polish campaign .
Commander Naval Forces Korea Commander , U . S . Naval Forces Korea is a major shore command of the United States Navy that serves as the shore support agency for all U . S . Naval activity in South Korea . Known by the initials " CNFK " , Commander , U . S . Naval Forces Korea is headquartered in Seoul on Yongsan Army Garrison and operates port bases in CFA Chinhae and Pusan . CNFK is jointly under the command of the U . S . 7th Fleet and the United Nations Command . CNFK is headed by a Rear Admiral ( lower half ) who serves as the Navy Liaison to the Commander of the U . S . Eighth Army . In times of war , CNFK becomes a ground based task force of the Pacific Fleet . Rear Admiral Lisa M . Franchetti was announced by the Department of Defense as the first female CNFK commander on May 29 , 2013 , while her date assignment was not yet available . History . Commander , Naval Forces , Korea , was established on July 1 , 1957 , with headquarters in Seoul . The command was created by the reorganization of the Naval Forces , Far East Command into the separate commands of Naval Forces , Japan and Naval Forces Korea . Commander , Naval Forces Korea , assumed the following additional duties : The principal mission of CNFK was support of the United Nations Command . In this regard , the commander exercised command of U . S . Naval Forces assigned or attached , and operational control over the Republic of Korea Navy .
John Roland Burke Corporal John Roland Burke ( February 6 , 1944 — June 6 , 1967 ) was a sniper in the United States Marine Corps . For his accomplishments he was posthumously awarded the Navy Cross after he was killed in action at Khe Sanh . Awards & decorations . Navy Cross citation . For extraordinary heroism while serving as a Sniper Team Leader with Headquarters and Service Company , First Battalion , 26th Marines , 3rd Marine Division ( Reinforced ) , in the Republic of Vietnam on 6 June 1967 . Assigned the mission of defending an outpost on Hill 950 at Khe Sanh , Quảng Trị Province , Corporal Burke ' s team was taken under attack by a numerically superior enemy force . During the initial assault , Corporal Burke was wounded by an enemy grenade . Ignoring his wound , he administered first aid to a severely wounded comrade and placed him in a relatively safe position , covering the wounded man with his own body to protect him from further injury . Heeding a call for help from outside the bunker , he unhesitatingly went to the aid of another Marine . While he and a companion were moving the man to the security of the bunker an enemy grenade exploded , knocking him and his comrade into the bunker . Although seriously wounded , he moved the wounded man to a tunnel to protect him from the devastating enemy fire . With all his team members casualties , Corporal Burke unhesitatingly and with complete disregard for his own safety armed himself with grenades , and shouting words of encouragement to his men , stormed from the bunker in a valiant one - man assault against the enemy positions . While firing his weapon and throwing grenades at the enemy positions , Corporal Burke was mortally wounded . By his dauntless courage , bold initiative and devotion to duty , he was instrumental in stopping the enemy attack and saving his men from possible further injury or death , thereby reflecting great credit upon himself and the United States Marine Corps and upholding the highest traditions of the United States Naval Service . He gallantly gave his life for his country .
North America and West Indies Station The North America and West Indies Station was a formation or command of the United Kingdom ' s Royal Navy stationed in North American waters from 1745 until 1956 . The North American Station was separate from with the West Indies Station until 1818 when the two combined to form the North America and West Indies Station . It was renamed the America and West Indies Station in 1926 . It was commanded by the Commander - in - Chief , North America and West Indies Station and subsequently by the Commander - in - Chief , America and West Indies Station . History . The squadron was formed in 1745 to counter French forces in North America : for the first sixty years the headquarters of the squadron was at Halifax Naval Yard in Nova Scotia - now CFB Halifax . The headquarters for North American Station of the Royal Navy was Halifax for sixty years ( 1758 - 1818 ) . Land and buildings for a permanent Naval Yard were purchased by the Royal Naval Dockyard , Halifax in 1758 and the Yard was officially commissioned in 1759 . The Yard served as the main base for the British Royal Navy in North American during the Seven Years ' War , the American Revolution , the French Revolutionary Wars and the War of 1812 . In 1818 Halifax became the summer base for the squadron which shifted to the Royal Naval Dockyard , Bermuda for the remainder of the year . In 1818 , its main base was moved to Bermuda which was better positioned to counter threats from the United States . The Royal Navy had created a permanent establishment in Bermuda in 1795 , and began buying land around the archipelago for the development of a naval base including what became the Royal Naval Dockyard , Bermuda . Halifax continued to be used as the summer base for the station . In 1926 the appointment was redesignated Commander - in - Chief , America and West Indies . After the closure of most of the Royal Naval Dockyard , Bermuda in 1951 , a small part of the base known as served as the succeeding station . In 1952 the Commander - in - Chief , Vice Admiral Sir William Andrewes , became the initial Deputy Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic . On 29 October 1956 , the command became Senior Naval Officer West Indies ( SNOWI ) : SNOWI served as Island Commander Bermuda in the NATO chain of command , reporting to Commander - in - Chief , Western Atlantic as part of SACLANT . SNOWI was finally disbanded on 1 April 1976 . By 1995 , when " Malabar " was handed over to the Government of Bermuda , the Royal Naval presence in the North - Western Atlantic and Caribbean had been reduced to the " West Indies Guard Ship " ( now called Atlantic Patrol Task ( North ) ) , a role which was rotated among the frigates of the fleet , which took turns operating extended patrols of the West Indies . For ships stationed in Canada and North America go to List of Royal Navy ships in North America .
8th Infantry Division ( South Korea ) The 8th Mechanized Infantry Division was a military formation of the Republic of Korea Army during the 20th Century . History . The unit comprises the 10th , 16th and 21st Regiments . The 16th Infantry Regiment was originally activated as the 16th Regiment on October 28 , 1948 at Masan and was first commanded by Lt . Col . Park Shi Ch ' ang ( ) . It became part of I Corps after the first fall of Seoul . Was part of the defensive line to slow the North Korean advance from Seoul to Taejon . Fought in the Battle of Pusan Perimeter . Supporting the Eighth United States Army advance towards China , the 24th Division and the attached British 27th Brigade positioned on the left , proceeded to the Chongchon ; the ROK II Corps , with the ROK 1st Division , advanced on the right . To the east the 8th Division reached Tokchon , forty miles north of Pyongyang , during the night of October 23 , and then turned north and arrived at Kujang - dong on the Chongchon River , about ten miles from Tokchon , two days later . After the Chinese intervention in the war , Chinese troops broke the defences of its 16th Regiment during the battle on October 31 , 1950 . After the Chinese intervention and attacks in November 1950 , the division was among five allied formations ( including the ROK 6th , 7th , and 8th Divisions ) that the U . S . Army judged ' were shattered units that would need extensive rest and refitting to recover combat effectiveness . '
106th Regiment of Foot ( Bombay Light Infantry ) The 106th Regiment of Foot ( Bombay Light Infantry ) was an infantry regiment of the British Army from 1862 to 1881 , when it was amalgamated into The Durham Light Infantry , which was itself later amalgamated into the Rifles . Known as the ' Faithfuls ' , the 106th were ' the best known regiment in India ' during the 19th century . History . The regiment was originally raised by the Honourable East India Company in 1839 as the 2nd Bombay ( European ) Regiment , redesignated the 2nd Bombay ( European ) Light Infantry in 1844 . In 1846 , the 106th was moved from India to Aden ( now in Yemen ) , where the East India Company had established a new colony . Between 1848 and 1857 , the regiment moved around India and was variously based in Poona , Belgaum and Karachi . In 1857 , the 106th first served in the Anglo - Persian War in Iran , then in the Indian Mutiny . Following this , as with all other " European " units of the Company , the regiment was placed under the command of the Crown in 1858 , and formally moved into the British Army in 1862 , ranked as the 106th Foot . As part of the Childers Reforms in 1881 , the regiment was amalgamated with the 68th ( Durham ) Regiment of Foot ( Light Infantry ) to form The Durham Light Infantry . 1866 Jervis court - martial . On 25 June 1866 , the regiment ' s Captain Ernest Scott Jervis , began a court - martial which was to last for over forty days . He was found guilty of insubordination , but acquitted on charges of misappropriating goods , which included the Commander - in - Chief of the forces in India ' s mutton and pickles . The Court found that he be should dismissed from service but also recommended mercy . The Commander - in - Chief , Sir William Mansfield , instead had Jervis dismissed and his name ' struck off the returns ' of the 106th . The case was widely reported and the process , and Mansfield himself , were subject to criticism over the way the matter was handled . Mansfield , it was said : " . . . has hunted his victim , to ruin with a ruthless and persevering energy which could not have been exceeded if it had been directed against the enemies of his country . . . It is impossible to believe that a man who could so stultify himself and disgrace his high office and his English blood can be allowed to retain the all but most responsible post in India . " In September , 1867 , Prince George , Duke of Cambridge , Commander - in - Chief of the Forces ( military head of the British Army ) , sent a dispatch to Mansfield in which he severely rebuked him , but also censured ' in the strongest terms , the reprehensible insubordination ' of Jervis . The following month , the matter was raised in the British parliament , with further criticism of Mansfield , but a vote to restore Jervis to his position was defeated 60 to 48 . In 1871 , Mansfield was raised to the peerage as William Mansfield , 1st Baron Sandhurst . Jervis was declared bankrupt in 1875 , and sentenced to time in jail in 1882 .