naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Alured Clarke Field Marshal Sir Alured Clarke KB ( 24 November 1744 – 16 September 1832 ) was an officer of the British army , lieutenant governor of the colonial Province of Quebec , and civil administrator of Lower Canada . Following his service in Canada , Clarke served as commander - in - chief of the British forces in Madras , then Bengal , then all of India . Military career . Leaving Eton College in 1758 , Clarke became ensign in the 50th Foot in 1759 , and served in Germany under the Marquess of Granby . In 1760 he was promoted lieutenant , and in 1763 he was made captain in the 52nd Foot , where he served until 1767 , when he transferred to the 5th Foot , stationed in Ireland . In 1771 , Clarke obtained his majority in the 54th Foot , and promoted , lieutenant - colonel of the 7th Regiment of Foot , Royal Fusiliers in 1776 , serving in America . During the Southern campaign of the American Revolution , Clarke commanded both Charleston , SC and Savannah , GA at various times . In 1782 he became lieutenant - governor of Jamaica ; this led to him being recommended to George III in 1790 as a suitable person for the lieutenant - governorship of Quebec . In 1795 he was sent to India with secret instructions to interrupt the voyage at the Cape of Good Hope where he and his force defeated a Dutch army at Wynberg . On 16 September he accepted their surrender and spent the next two months on arranging administrative and defence matters before proceeding to India . On arrival in India he became Commander - in - Chief of the Madras Army . Then in 1797 he was briefly Commander - in - Chief of the Bengal Army . In September 1797 he was appointed Acting Governor - General of India , and from 1798 was commander - in - chief of the British forces there , a post he retained until 1801 . He attained the rank of field marshal in 1830 when William IV came to the throne . Family . Clarke married Elizabeth Catherine ( Kitty ) Hunter in 1770 , who eight years earlier had eloped with the married Earl of Pembroke . Kitty had a son by Pembroke , and received a pension from him until 1790 , but Clarke and Kitty had no children . Kitty died in 1795 .
Ward ( fortification ) In fortification s , a bailey or ward refers to a courtyard enclosed by a curtain wall . In particular , an early type of European castle was known as a Motte - and - bailey . Castle s can have more than one ward . Their layout depends both on the local topography and the level of fortification technology employed , ranging from simple enclosures to elaborate concentric defences . In addition to the gradual evolution of more complex castle plans , there are also significant differences in regional traditions of military architecture regarding the subdivision into wards . Upper , lower , inner and outer wards or baileys . Wards can be arranged in sequence along a hill ( as in a spur castle ) , giving an " upper ward " and " lower ward " . They can also be nested one inside the other , as in a concentric castle , giving an " outer ward " and " inner ward " . On the other hand , Tower house s lack an enclosed ward . The most important and prestigious buildings , such as the great hall and the keep or bergfried , were usually located in the inner ward of the castle . Nonetheless , there are a few castles where the keep is outside the inner ward , such as Château de Dourdan and Flint Castle . Lower or outer wards often held less important structures , such as stable s , if there was not enough space in the inner ward . Outer wards could also be largely defensive in function , without significant buildings . In the concentric castles of the military orders , such as Krak des Chevaliers or Belvoir , the inner ward resembled a cloister ed monastery , while the outer ward was little more than a narrow passage between the concentric enceinte s . In general , wards could have any shape , including irregular or elongated ones , when the walls followed the contour line s of the terrain where the castle was sited . Rectangular shapes are very common ( as in castra and quadrangular castle s ) . A particularly complex arrangement of wards can be found at Château Gaillard . There is both a lower ward separated from the main castle by a deep ditch , and a concentric arrangement inside the main castle with an inner and middle ward , Holy Roman Empire . In the Germanic castles of the Holy Roman Empire , there is a distinction between a " Vorburg " and a " Kernburg " roughly corresponding to lower and upper wards in English castles . In German - speaking countries , many castles had double curtain walls with a narrow ward between them , referred to as a " Zwinger " . The outer wall was a " Zwingermauer " or type of mantlet wall . These were often added at vulnerable points like the gate , but were rarely as fully developed as in the concentric castles in Wales or the Crusader castles .
USS Escambia ( AO - 80 ) USS " Escambia " ( AO - 80 ) was the lead ship of her subclass of the " Suamico " class of fleet oiler s acquired by the United States Navy for use during World War II . She had the dangerous , but necessary task of providing fuel to vessels in combat and non - combat areas primarily in the Pacific Ocean . For her valiant efforts , she received five battle stars during the war . " Escambia " , a type T2 - SE - A2 hull , was launched on 25 April 1943 by Marinship Corp . , Sausalito , California , sponsored by Mrs . Joseph Cooper , and commissioned on 28 October 1943 , Lieutenant Commander J . M . Paulsson , USNR , in command . World War II Pacific Theatre operations . After a December 1943 voyage from the U . S . West Coast to Pearl Harbor with oil cargo , " Escambia " departed San Francisco , California , on 21 January 1944 for Majuro , arriving on 9 February . For the next month she fueled ships at Roi Namur and Majuro as the Marshall Islands were assaulted . From 15 March to 30 August , she sailed out of Espiritu Santo , fueling the fast carrier task force in their raids on the Palaus and during the Hollandia operation . Supporting the invasion of the Philippines . " Escambia " arrived at Manus on 14 September 1944 , and sailed out of this port to rendezvous at sea to fuel the carriers as they launched the air strikes preliminary to the assault on the Philippines . She sailed on to Ulithi on 25 October , and at this vast fleet anchorage , fueled the carrier task force s as they continued their operations in the Philippines . After a voyage to Eniwetok to reload oil , she sailed from Ulithi on 11 December for a west coast overhaul . The oiler returned to Ulithi on 18 April 1945 , and for the remainder of the war used this as her base as she fueled the carrier task forces supporting the Okinawa invasion , and raiding and bombarding the Japanese home islands . " Escambia " paid calls to Okinawa and Wakayama Wan to fuel ships at anchor there until leaving Tokyo astern , homeward bound , on 4 November 1945 . She was decommissioned on 20 February 1946 , struck from the Navy List , and transferred to the Maritime Commission for disposal in June . Transferred to the MSTS . Reacquired by the Navy on 26 January 1948 , she performed no further commissioned service , but was transferred to the Military Sea Transportation Service on 18 July 1950 to serve as USNS " Escambia " ( T - AO - 80 ) with a civilian crew . Placed out of service ( date unknown ) , she was struck from the Navy List for a second time in 1957 . Transferred to the U . S . Army . She was acquired by the United States Army in May 1966 and converted to a Mobile Army Emergency Power Plant assigned to Vietnam service . Final decommissioning . She was transferred to the Vietnam Government and scrapped by them in August 1971 . Awards . " Escambia " received five battle stars for World War II service .
John Keefer Mahony John Keefer Mahony VC ( 30 June 1911 – 15 December 1990 ) was a Canadian recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Details . Mahony was born in New Westminster , British Columbia and was 32 years old , and a Major in The Westminster Regiment , Canadian Army , ( Canadian Infantry Corps ) during the Second World War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC . On 24 May 1944 at the River Melfa , Italy , Major Mahony and his company were ordered to establish the initial bridgehead over the river . This was accomplished in conjunction with the tanks of Lord Strathcona ' s Horse ( Royal Canadians ) and for five hours the company maintained its position in the face of enemy fire and attack until the remaining companies and supporting weapons were able to reinforce them . Early in the action Major Mahony was wounded in the head and twice in the leg , but he refused medical aid and continued to direct the defence of the bridgehead . The enemy saw that this officer was the soul of the defence and consequently made him their particular target . Mahony was later promoted to Lieutenant Colonel , and retired from the Army in 1962 . The Westminster Regiment continues to serve in Canada ' s Army Reserves , and were honoured with the title " Royal " in 1969 . Mahony died on 15 December 1990 in London , Ontario
William T . Fitzsimons Lieutenant William T . Fitzsimons ( 1889 — 1917 ) was a United States Army officer in World War I , and is considered the first American officer killed in the war . Fitzsimmons gradruated from the University of Kansas School of Medicine in 1912 . Fitzsimons was killed in a German air raid on September 4 , 1917 along with Pvt . Oscar Tugo , Pvt . Rudolph Rubino and Pvt . Leslie Woods , when bombs fell on Base Hospital No . 5 near Dannes - Camiers in Pas - de - Calais , France . In 1920 , Army Hospital 21 in Aurora , Colorado was officially renamed the Fitzsimons Army Hospital in his honor .
Edmund Moubray Lyons Edmund Moubray Lyons ( 27 October 1819 - 23 June 1855 ) was an officer of the Royal Navy . He served during the early nineteenth century , and was mortally wounded while commanding HMS Miranda in the Crimean War . Edmund Lyons was born on 27 October 1819 , the second son of Rear - Admiral Sir Edmund Lyons ( later 1st Lord Lyons ) and Augusta Louisa ( née Rogers ) . Edmund entered the Royal Naval College on 10 July 1829 . He passed his examinations in 1838 , and went out to the Far East where he served during the First Opium War . He was present at the operations at Bocca Tigris , seeing action at the Battle of the Bogue and the Battle of Canton . For his good service he was promoted to lieutenant on 10 June 1841 . He was then appointed as an additional lieutenant aboard the 120 - gun , then serving in the Mediterranean . " Howe " was at this time under the command of Captain Robert Smart , as the flagship of Francis Mason , then the second - in - command of the Mediterranean Fleet . From " Howe " Lyons moved to the 92 - gun on 1 March 1842 , then under the command of Captain Robert Maunsell . Lyons ' next ship was the 110 - gun , which he joined on 11 January 1844 as an additional lieutenant . " Queen " was at this time in the Mediterranean as the flagship of Vice - Admiral Sir Edward Owen , and was commanded by John Baker Porter Hay . Lyons ' s time aboard " Queen " was short - lived , he was appointed to the 24 - gun , under Captain Lord Clarence Paget , on 15 April 1844 . Lyons joined the 26 - gun on 19 June 1845 and served under Captain William Nugent Glascock . He was then appointed as first lieutenant of the 16 - gun , under Captain Harry Edmund Edgell , on 10 April 1846 . He was promoted to commander on 9 November 1846 . Lyons then took command of his first ship , the 16 - gun , on 7 June 1848 and served in the East Indies . He was promoted to captain on 4 October 1849 , and then took command of the wooden screw sloop on her commissioning at Sheerness on 25 February 1854 . He served initially in the White Sea during the Crimean War as part of Sir Erasmus Ommanney ' s squadron , but then was sent to the Black Sea . He was involved in an attack on the batteries at Sebastopol on 18 June 1855 , during which he was mortally wounded . He died five days later , on 23 June 1855 . The officers and crew of the " Miranda " paid for a memorial to him in St Paul ' s Cathedral , London . He appears as a character in the books " The Valiant Sailors " , " Hazard of Huntress " , and other works by V . A . Stuart .
Raquel C . Bono Raquel C . Bono is a rear admiral in the United States Navy . Commissioned in June 1979 , she obtained her baccalaureate degree from the University of Texas at Austin and attended medical school at Texas Tech University . She completed a surgical internship and a General Surgery residency at Naval Medical Center Portsmouth , and a Trauma and Critical Care fellowship at the Eastern Virginia Graduate School of Medicine in Norfolk , Virginia . Shortly after training , Bono saw duty in Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm as head , Casualty Receiving , Fleet Hospital Five in Saudi Arabia from August 1990 to March 1991 . Upon returning , she was stationed at Naval Medical Center Portsmouth as a surgeon in the General Surgery department ; surgical intensivist in the Medical / Surgical Intensive Care Unit , and attending surgeon at the Burn Trauma Unit at Sentara Norfolk General Hospital . Her various appointed duties included division head of Trauma ; head of the Ambulatory Procedures Department ( APD ) ; chair of the Laboratory Animal Care and Use Committee ; assistant head of the Clinical Investigations and Research department ; chair of the Medical Records Committee , and Command Intern Coordinator . She has also served as the Specialty Leader for Intern Matters to the Surgeon General of the Navy . In September 1999 , she was assigned as the director of Restorative Care at the National Naval Medical Center in Bethesda , Maryland , followed by assignment to the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery from September 2001 to December 2002 as the medical corps career planning officer for the Chief of the Medical Corps . She returned to the National Naval Medical Center in January 2003 as director for Medical – Surgical Services . From August 2004 through August 2005 she served as the executive assistant to the 35th Navy Surgeon General of the Navy and Chief , Bureau of Medicine and Surgery . Following that , she reported to Naval Hospital Jacksonville , Florida , as the commanding officer from August 2005 to August 2008 . In September 2008 , she became the chief of staff , deputy director Tricare Management Activity ( TMA ) of the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense , Health Affairs ( OASD ( HA ) ) . She reported as deputy director , Medical Resources , Plans and Policy ( N093 ) , Chief of Naval Operations in June 2010 . In addition to being a Diplomat of the American Board of Surgery , Bono is a Fellow of the American College of Surgeons and a member of the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma . Her personal decorations include a Defense Superior Service Medal , three Legion of Merit Medals , two Meritorious Service Medal s , and two Navy and Marine Corps Commendation Medal s .
Göta signalregemente Göta signalregemente ( Götaland Signal Regiment ) , designations S 1 Sk and S 2 , was a Swedish Army signal regiment , one of the few new formations raised in the 20th century . It was disbanded in 1997 . The regiment was garrisoned in Västergötland . History . The regiment has its origins in a 1944 detached company , Signalregementets kompani i Skövde , of Signalregementet that was garrisoned in Skövde . The company gained the designation S 1 Sk ( 1st Signal Regiment , Skövde detachment ) , and was in 1958 upgraded to a separate battalion , and gained the designation S 2 . The battalion was transferred to Karlsborg in 1961 and was renamed Göta signalregemente in 1962 when it was upgraded to regimental size . The parachute ranger school Fallskärmsjägarskolan was attached to the regiment from 1961 until the regiment was disbanded in 1984 . However one battalion of the regiment was kept as part of Livregementets husarer as Göta signalbataljon until it was disbanded in 1997 .
Buona Vista Battery The Buona Vista Battery was the site of two 15 " guns that were constructed during the late 1930s as part of the Singapore defenses . History . From the mid through late 1930s , the western Singapore defenses were enhanced by the addition of two 15 " guns at Buona Vista . Unlike most of the other large guns in Singapore which had a full 360 degree traverse for firing , the Buona Vista guns had a more limited angle . As a result , these guns saw no action during the Battle of Singapore and were partially destroyed by the retreating British in February 1942 . The Japanese repaired the Number 2 gun during their occupation of Singapore . Since the war , the gun sites have been completely replaced by modern construction and no visible remnants remain .
Ernst Kals Ernst Kals ( 2 August 1905 – 2 November 1979 ) was a " Kapitän zur See " with the " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . He commanded the Type IXC U - boat on five patrols , and sank twenty ships , for a total of 145 , 656 tons of Allied shipping , becoming the sixteenth highest scoring U - Boat ace of World War II . He was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross , awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership . Career . Kals joined the " Reichsmarine " in 1924 . In October 1940 , after a period of service on torpedo boats and light cruiser s , he transferred to the " Ubootwaffe " ( " U - boat force " ) . After one patrol on under the command of Nicolai Clausen as commander in training , he took command of in June 1941 . He was awarded the Knight ' s Cross in September 1941 . In April 1942 , Kals , in U - 130 , bombarded the Allied petroleum tank farm on Curaçao , in the Netherlands Antilles . He went on to sink a total of 20 ships on five patrols , for a total of 145 , 656 tons of Allied shipping . In five minutes he sank three United States troopship s , the , and . In January 1943 Kals became commander of the 2nd U - boat Flotilla which based in Lorient , France . Promoted to Kapitän zur See in September 1944 , he remained in this position until the end of the war . Later life . Kals was held in French captivity from May 1945 to January 1948 . He died at Emden in 1979 at the age of 74 . Summary of career . Ships attacked . As a U - boat commander of and Ernst Kals is credited with the sinking of 17 merchant ships for a total of , three auxiliary warships for a total of and damaging one further ship of .
First Battle of Höchstädt The First Battle of Höchstädt was fought on 30 September 1703 , near Höchstädt in Bavaria , and resulted in a French - Bavarian victory under Marshal Villars against the Austrians under General Hermann Otto of Limburg Styrum . The battle was part of the War of the Spanish Succession ( 1701 – 1714 ) over who had the right to succeed Charles II as king of Spain . Prelude . On 15 September , the main force of the Imperial Army under Louis William , Margrave of Baden - Baden had taken the free city of Augsburg , threatening Bavaria from the west . A force of men under Count Styrum , which Baden had left north of the Danube river , moved east and reached Höchstädt on 29 September . Villars and Maximilian II Emanuel , Elector of Bavaria , moved their army to intercept this force , ordering another French force of 7 , 000 men under d ' Usson near Dillingen to attack from the rear . The battle . The French plan almost failed as d ' Usson attacked too soon , and his army , inferior in numbers , was pushed back by Limburg Styrum . However , Villars and Maximilian Emanuel arrived just in time , falling upon the Imperial army before it could adjust its positions . It was only thanks to the tremendous resistance of the rearguard under Leopold I , Prince of Anhalt - Dessau that Limburg Styrum managed to save his army and reach Nordlingen . The Austrians lost 11 , 000 men , many of them taken prisoner , 37 cannons , and the entire supply train . The French and Bavarians lost 1 , 000 men . A year later , the Second Battle of Höchstädt was fought , usually known in English as the Battle of Blenheim . ( This should not be confused with the 1800 Battle of Höchstädt during the French Revolutionary Wars , which is also known as the Second Battle of Höchstädt . )
George Hull Ward George Hull Ward ( April 26 , 1826 – July 3 , 1863 ) was a soldier and Union officer in the American Civil War . Early life . Ward was born in Worcester , Massachusetts , and educated in the common schools . He married Emily E . Mayo on June 5 , 1851 . In 1852 , Ward rose to command the Worcester City Guards , a local militia company . Civil War . With the outbreak of the Civil War , Ward enlisted in the Union Army . On July 24 , 1861 , he was mustered into the 15th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry with the rank of lieutenant colonel to fill an original vacancy . On October 21 , 1861 , he was wounded in action at the Battle of Ball ' s Bluff and his left foot was amputated . In 1862 , Ward was promoted to the rank of colonel , and in 1863 , he commanded the 15th Massachusetts , which was part of the 1st Brigade , 2nd Division , II Corps in the Army of the Potomac . On July 2 , 1863 , during the Battle of Gettysburg , Ward ' s regiment was heavily engaged on the Union left - center along Cemetery Ridge and Colonel Ward , along with 36 others , was mortally wounded . He died the following day and is buried in the Rural Cemetery , Worcester . In memoriam . On July 17 , 1868 , Ward was posthumously appointed to the rank of brevet brigadier general , ranking from July 2 , 1863 , for " gallant and meritorious services in the battle of Ball ' s Bluff , VA , October 21 , 1861 , and in the battle of Gettysburg , PA , where he was killed . " Fort Ward on Bainbridge Island , Washington was named in his honor . A small stone monument in the Gettysburg Battlefield marks the approximate location where Ward was struck by the fatal shell fragment .
Battery " G " , 1st Regiment Illinois Volunteer Light Artillery Battery " G " , 1st Regiment Illinois Volunteer Light Artillery , was an artillery battery that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . The battery was also known as O ' Leary ' s Battery and Rombauer ' s Battery . Service . The battery was organized at in Cairo , Illinois and mustered in February 28 , 1862 for a three year enlistment under the command of Captain Arthur O ' Leary . The battery was attached to Flotilla Brigade , Army of the Mississippi , to April 1862 . Artillery Division , Army of the Mississippi , to July 1862 . Artillery , District of Corinth , Mississippi , to November 1862 . Artillery , District of Corinth , XIII Corps , Department of the Tennessee , to December 1862 . Artillery , District of Corinth , XVII Corps , to January 1863 . Artillery , District of Corinth , XVI Corps , to March 1863 . Artillery , 2nd Division , XVI Corps , to November 1863 . Post of Corinth , Mississippi , XVI Corps , to January 1864 . Fort Pickering , District of Memphis , XVI Corps , to June 1864 . 1st Brigade , Post and Defenses of Memphis , District of West Tennessee , to December 1864 . Artillery Reserve , District of West Tennessee , to July 1865 . Battery " G " mustered out of service July 24 , 1865 . Detailed service . Moved to Columbus , Ky . , March 18 , then to Island No . 10 , Mississippi River . Operations against Island No . 10 , Mississippi River , and garrison at New Madrid , Mo . , March 20 - April 11 , 1862 . Union City , Tenn . , March 31 . Action and capture at Tipton April 8 . Moved to Columbus , Ky . , April 11 . Expedition to Fort Pillow , Tenn . , April 13 – 17 . Moved to Hamburg Landing , Tenn . , April 17 – 22 . Advance on and siege of Corinth , Miss . , April 29 - May 30 . Occupation of Corinth and pursuit to Booneville May 30 - June 12 . Duty at Corinth , Miss . , until January 1864 . Battle of Corinth October 3 – 4 , 1862 . Moved to Memphis , Tenn . , January 1864 , and duty there in the defenses of that city and in the District of West Tennessee until July 1865 . Casualties . The battery lost a total of 12 men during service ; 1 enlisted men killed , 11 enlisted men died of disease .