naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
John Avery ( politician ) John Avery ( February 29 , 1824 – January 21 , 1914 ) was a physician and politician from the U . S . state of Michigan . Avery was born in Watertown , New York and moved with his parents to Michigan in 1836 . He attended the common schools and entered Grass Lake Academy in Jackson , where he studied medicine for two years . He graduated from the Cleveland Medical College in 1850 and commenced the practice of medicine in Ionia , Michigan . He then moved to Otsego , Michigan , in 1852 and continued the practice of his profession . During the American Civil War , he was assistant surgeon and surgeon of the Twenty - first Regiment , Michigan Volunteer Infantry . He served in the Army of the Cumberland in Kentucky and Tennessee and was with General William Tecumseh Sherman on his March to the Sea , as well as during the subsequent Carolinas Campaign . He settled in Greenville , Michigan , in 1868 and again engaged in the practice of medicine . He was a member of the Michigan State House of Representatives in 1869 and 1870 . He was appointed a member of the State Board of Health in 1880 and was reappointed in 1886 . Avery was elected as a Republican to the United States House of Representatives for the Fifty - third and Fifty - fourth Congresses , serving from March 4 , 1893 to March 3 , 1897 . He was not a candidate for renomination in 1896 . After leaving Congress , Avery went back to Greenville and returned to the practice of medicine . He died at the age of eighty - nine is interred at Forest Home Cemetery of Greenville .
Battle of the Bogue ( 1856 ) The Battle of the Bogue was fought between British and Chinese forces at the Bocca Tigris , China , on 12 – 13 November 1856 during the Second Opium War . The British captured the forts in the Wangtong Islands on 12 November and the forts in Anunghoy Island the next day . Background . Before the battle , Rear - Admiral Michael Seymour , commander - in - chief of the British forces , sent a summons to the Chinese commander of the Bogue forts : The British Admiral wishes to spare life , and is not at war with the Chinese ; and as it is necessary for him to hold possession of the Bogue Forts , until the conduct of the Viceroy Yeh can be referred to the Emperor of Pekin , one hour will be given for the purpose of clearing out ; if this offer is at once accepted , boats will be permitted to pass to and from the main land and the Wantungs . In this case , the forts will remain uninjured , ready to be returned in the same state to the Chinese when these differences are over ; and the rebels will neither be allowed to pass the Bogue Forts , nor to enter them whilst in our possession . After an hour , Seymour received an answer ; the Chinese commander could not give up the forts because he would " lose his head " and must therefore fight . Battle . On 12 November , the British squadron attacked the two Wangtong Island forts , which were fully manned and had over 200 guns mounted . Stinkpots were thrown at the British who first entered the forts . The Chinese , who stood to their guns up to the moment of the British entering the embrasure s , had boats ready to escape . The forts were captured after what Seymour called a " considerable , though ill - directed " resistance of about an hour . The British casualties were one killed and five wounded on board HMS " Nankin " . On 13 November , the British attacked and captured the Anunghoy forts , which mounted 210 guns . Seymour reported that although " some resistance " was offered , there were no British casualties .
Adelbert Althouse Adelbert Althouse ( 1869 – May 17 , 1954 ) was a United States Navy Captain who served as the 27th and 29th Naval Governor of Guam . Prior to his Governorship , he served on ships in the Navy and participated in both the Spanish – American War and World War I . He earned the Navy Cross for his actions commanding the USS " Brooklyn " and serving as Chief of Staff for the Commander and Chief of the United States Asiatic Fleet during the World War . As Governor , he focused on reforming the island ' s education system . He modeled a new system after that of co - educational California , but also outlawed the speaking of the Chamorro language at schools in an effort to improve the English language skills of the local children . Most of his education reform took place in his first term . Life and legacy . Althouse was born in 1869 in Illinois . He died on May 17 , 1954 . In 1930 , the Navy named a Guamanian school , the Adelbert Althouse School , after him . Naval career . Althouse entered the United States Naval Academy on May 21 , 1887 , graduating in 1891 . He was commissioned as an ensign on July 1 , 1893 . He achieved the rank of lieutenant 1900 . The same year , he served aboard the USS " New Orleans " . As a lieutenant , he served as watch and division officer aboard the USS " Massachusetts " . During this time , he participated in the Spanish – American War . In 1901 , the navy assigned him to the USS " Constellation " . As a lieutenant commander , he served as navigating officer aboard the USS " Vermont " . During World War I , Althouse served as Chief of Staff to the Commander in Chief of the United States Asiatic Fleet and commanded the USS " Brooklyn " , for which he received the Navy Cross . He retired with the rank of Captain . Governorship . Althouse served two terms as Naval Governor of Guam ; his served his first term from February 7 , 1922 to December 8 , 1922 . During his first term , he made significant changes to the Guamanian education system . In an effort to promote the spread of English among local children , he burned a large number of Chamorro - English dictionaries and banned the use of Chamorro in the classroom and on playgrounds . Do to a shortage of classrooms , classrooms were made co - educational . He based the new system on the educational system of California and demanded that teachers stick to a rigid syllabus . His second term took place from December 14 , 1922 to August 4 , 1923 .
1st Regiment Illinois Volunteer Cavalry The 1st Regiment Illinois Volunteer Cavalry was a cavalry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War and Spanish - American War . Civil War . Service . Companies " A " to " G " of the 1st Illinois Cavalry were mustered into service at Alton , Illinois , on July 3 , 1861 . Among their initial officers was future Washington philanthropist David P . Jenkins , who served as the regiment ' s first major . Companies " I , " " H " and " K " were mustered at Alton at later dates and never served with the main body of the regiment . The original companies served as guards for supply trains and depots until mustered out on July 14 , 1862 . The remaining companies served independently . The last company was mustered out on December 27 , 1862 . Total strength and casualties . The regiment suffered 17 enlisted men who were killed in action or who died of their wounds and 26 enlisted men who died of disease , for a total of 43 fatalities . Spanish - American War . Constituted 1 July 1897 in the Illinois National Guard as a squadron of cavalry and organized from existing troops . Expanded and mustered into Federal service 21 May 1898 at Springfield as the 1st Illinois Volunteer Cavalry ; mustered out of Federal service 11 October 1898 at Fort Sheridan , Illinois . Reorganized in 1899 in the Illinois National Guard as a squadron of cavalry ; expanded , reorganized and re - designated 22 June 1899 as the 1st Cavalry . Subsequent redesignations and lineage . Mustered into Federal service 27 June 1916 ; mustered out of Federal service 17 November 1916 at Fort Sheridan , Illinois . Non - Chicago elements of the regiment converted and redisignated 24 June 1917 as the 3d Field Artillery ( Chicago elements convereted and redesignated 9 June 1917 as the 2d Field Artillery - hereafter separate lineage ) . Drafted into Federal service 5 August 1917 . Reorganized and redeisgnated 21 September 1917 as the 124th Field Artillery and assigned to the 33d Division . Demonilized 8 June 1919 at Camp Grant , Illinois . Reorganized 20 October 1922 in the Illinois National Guard as the 2nd Squadron , 106th Cavalry , an element of the 22d Cavalry Division ( remainder of regiment alloted to the Michigan National Guard ) . Reorganized 1 September 1940 wholly in the Illinois National Guard as the 106th Cavalry and relieved from assignment to the 22d Cavalry Division ( 2d Squadron concurrently redesignated as the 1st Squadron of the 23d Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadron [ constituted 1 January 1940 and organized in part by transfer of personnel from Troop F and Machine Gun Troop , 106th Cavalry ] redesignated as the 2d Squadron . Inducted into Federal service 25 November 1940 at home stations . Regiment broken up 15 March 1944 and its elements reorganized and redesignated .
Battle of Dobrich The battle of Dobrich , also known as the battle of Bazargic or the Dobrich epopee ( ) , took place between 5 and 7 September 1916 between the armies of Bulgaria and Romania . Despite being outnumbered , the Bulgarian Third Army was victorious and took Southern Dobruja , pushing the Russian and Romanian forces further north and defeating them once again at the Lake Oltina - Kara Omer - Mangalia line .
Josef Allerberger Josef ' Sepp ' Allerberger was a German sniper in the II Battalion of the 144th Gebirgsjäger Regiment of the 3rd Mountain Division on the Eastern Front , and was credited with 257 kills . He was born in the vicinity of Steiermark , Austria , on 24 December 1924 ( although in his memoirs he states he was born in September ) , the son of a local carpenter . Sent to the Eastern Front in June 1943 as a machine gunner , Allerberger was lightly wounded at Stavropol and experimented with a captured Soviet Mosin Nagant 91 / 30 rifle with a 3 . 5x PU telescopic sight whilst recuperating . Eventually he made 27 kills before being sent for sniper training at Seetaleralpe , and being assigned a Karabiner 98k sniper variant with 4x telescopic sight . At the end of the War he would often use a Gewehr 43 with ZF4 4x telescopic sight and an MP40 submachine gun . During combat , Allerberger was noted for using the Wehrmacht - taught technique of an umbrella with the cloth removed and foliage woven into the arms which he held to his front in order to camouflage himself . This camouflage was quickly assembled and lightweight and adaptable to many circumstances . In 2005 , a book titled " Sniper on the Eastern Front : The Memoirs of Sepp Allerberger , Knight ' s Cross " ISBN 1 - 84415 - 317 - 7 was published , written by Albrecht Wacker based on interviews with Allerberger . The book was noted for suggesting that the Soviets had cannibalised their own comrades ' corpses , and graphic depictions of torture . This translation into English is an abridged version of the book " Im Auge des Jägers " . The first three volumes of this work appeared under the title " Der Wehrmachtsscharfschütze Franz Karner " , as Allerberger was initially reluctant to be named . According to his memoirs , Allerberger was awarded the Knight ' s Cross of the Iron Cross by Field Marshal Ferdinand Schörner , the commander of Army Group Centre , on 20 April 1945 , although no official documentation ever recorded the award . However , this was not uncommon at this late point in the war . After the war , Allerberger worked , like his father , as a carpenter . He died on 2 March 2010 in Wals - Siezenheim .
Dodge Chicago Plant The Dodge Chicago Aircraft Engine Plant was a World War II defense plant that built the majority of the B - 29 bomber aircraft engines used in World War II . The plant design was initiated by automotive plant designer Albert Kahn and his company . The plant is seen as an influential design landmark of American industrial manufacturing facilities . The main building of the Dodge Chicago plant covered eighty - two acres and occupied over 30 city blocks and at the time it was the largest building in the world . Although Mr . Kahn died prior to the completion of the project , he was influential in the innovative design that efficiently utilized precious war time materials used in its construction . Albert Khan had extensive underground tunnels dug as to facilitate foot and supply traffic . These tunnels span the width and breadth of the plant in a tic - tac - toe pattern . As characteristic for industrial plants of the day , wooden block floors were placed for ergonomic reasons . These floors were cemented over in Ford City , and only recently had to the removed from TRI ( candy maker Tootsie Roll Industries ) as hosting a potential health hazard . The Belt Line Railroad shunted lines into the plant , which to this day evidence of the rails remain . Construction of the plant was started in 1942 , and it was in full operation by early 1944 . The B - 29 Superfortress Bomber was used in the strategic bombing campaign of Japan . It was the largest American aircraft to see service in World War II . Each B - 29 Superfortress utilized four of the massive Wright R - 3350 - Cyclone 18 - cylinder engines built at the Dodge Chicago Plant . There were nearly 4000 of these aircraft produced when the B - 29 was retired from service in the 1960s . which made it a most labor intensive operation . Many firsts in industry took place there . Chemist Lencke produced Z - max lubricant . 75 % of the employees were women , 1 to 2 percent of whom were African Americans . The Dodge Chicago plant marked an all - time high water mark of cooperation and success between the efforts of the American government , industry , and labor . It also set an early standard for providing an environment of racial and ethnic cooperation and tolerance . After the war , a lease for the plant was awarded to the Tucker Car Corporation and later utilized by several automobile manufacturers including Ford Motor Company . Tootsie Roll Industries moved into a vacated portion of the plant in 1967 . To this day , TRI uses these tunnels for archives and storage as well as locker rooms , as Ford City uses them for a strip of boutiques . The plant was constructed near South Cicero Avenue and 72nd Street in Chicago ' s West Lawn community . To this day , portions of its buildings still house what is now the Ford City Mall and Tootsie roll factory . External links . Chicago Tribune , March 24 , 2013 , ARSENAL OF DEMOCRACY , by Jerome M . O ' Connor , www . historyarticles . com
Cold War tank formations During the Cold War , NATO and the Warsaw Pact both had large tank formations present in Europe . The following gives the number of armoured formations and tank strength as of 1981 / 1982 for Warsaw Pact and NATO member countries . These include formations and vehicles deployed outside Europe , such as in North America or the Asiatic USSR . NATO . Grand Total : 30 , 711 + Tanks West Germany . Total : 3 , 787 tanks USA . Total : 12 , 320 tanks ( min . 330 for training only ) France . Total : 1 , 868 tanks Total : 1 , 901 tanks and armored cars Earlier units included the Conqueror tank ( 1955 - 1966 ) and FV401 Charioteer ( TA 1950s ) United Kingdom . Initially containing 3 armoured divisions , the BAOR was reformed by 1960 into 3 mixed divisions and additional brigade groups . Then in 1970s , as 4 smaller Armoured divisions before reorganization as 3 Armoured divisions in 1981 - 83 . Turkey . As of 1981 / 83 : Total : 3 , 570 Tanks Italy . As of 1981 / 82 : Total : 1 , 620 tanks Netherlands . As of 1981 / 82 : Total : 918 tanks Denmark . As of 1981 / 82 : Jutland Zealand Bornholm Total : 388 tanks Belgium . As of 1981 / 82 : Total : 766 + tanks Canada . As of 1981 / 82 : Total : 114 tanks Norway . As of 1981 / 82 : Total : 186 tanks Portugal . As of 1981 / 82 : Total : 64 + tanks Greece . As of 1981 / 82 : Total : 1 , 310 tanks Spain . Members of NATO from 30 May 1982 : Total : 830 tanks Warsaw Pact . Grand Total : 71 , 700 + Tanks As of 1981 / 82 the Soviet Ground Forces had : USSR . Total : 57 , 670 tanks East Germany . As of 1981 / 82 : Total : 1 , 620 + tanks Poland . As of 1981 / 82 : Total : 4 , 010 tanks Czechoslovakia . As of 1980 Total in 1980 : 4 , 223 tanks Bulgaria . As of 1981 / 82 Total : 2 , 400 tanks Hungary . As of 1981 / 82 Total : 1 , 100 tanks Romania . As of 1981 / 82 Total : 1 , 500 tanks
Battle of Athens ( 1864 ) The Battle of Athens was fought in Athens , Alabama ( Limestone County , Alabama ) , on January 26 , 1864 , as part of the American Civil War . The Union force was a company under Captain Emil Adams from the 9th Illinois Mounted Infantry regiment . The Confederate force was the 1st Alabama Cavalry , under Lieutenant Colonel Moses W . Hannon . On the morning of January 26 , 1864 , at around 4 : 00 a . m . , 600 Confederate cavalrymen attacked Athens , which was being held by a Union force of only 100 . Even though the Union defenders had no fortifications and were outnumbered six to one , they were able to repulse the Confederate attack and force them into a retreat after a two - hour battle .
Skirmish of Tongue The Skirmish of Tongue was a conflict that took place in March 1746 near Tongue in the Scottish Highlands . It was part of the Jacobite Rising of 1745 . Background . On the 25th March 1746 a French ship named the " Le Prince Charles " , formerly HMS " Hazard " , which was carrying money and supplies for the Jacobite leader Charles Edward Stuart ran into the Kyle of Tongue while being pursued by the British frigate . During the night the crew and soldiers disembarked carrying the money , however the following day Captain George Mackay , son of the chief of the Clan Mackay , who supported the British government confronted them at a place named Drum Nan Coup and after a short fight Mackay captured the men and the money . The battle . An account of the fight was reported in the London Gazette of the 15th April 1746 : Aberdeen , April 6 . Captain Mackay , Lord Reay ’ s son , and Sir Henry Munro , son of the late Sir Robert , both Captains in Lord Loudon ' s regiment , are just come hither with letters from Captain O ’ Brian of " Sheerness " man of war , now off this place giving an account that after chasing the " Le Prince Charles " above 56 leagues he drove her ashore and obliged the French and Spaniards who were in her to quit her and to land , which they did with five chests of money to the value of £12 , 000 and upwards , in order to join the rebels ; but the Lord Reay ( Mackay ) in whose country they were landed and whose house Captain Mackay , Sir Henry Munro , Lord [ ? Captain ] Charles Gordon , and Captain MacLeod with some others of Lord Loudon ’ s regiment were , with about 80 men of said regiment , who had been driven thither by the rebels , marched out and attacked them , and after killing three or four , and dangerously wounding eight , took the remaining 156 , officers , soldiers , and sailors prisoners , who were immediately embarked on board the " Sheerness " , and the prize with the Highland officers and men who made the capture are now here . . . The money that was landed out of the " Hazard " sloop , was taken by Lord Reay ‘ s men Aftermarth and significance . Historian Ruairi MacLeod gives details of what was done with the money captured from the Jacobites . Captain George Mackay , Sir Harry Munro , Lord Charles Gordon , John MacLeod , Lieutenant Reid , and Ensign MacLaggan all received £700 each of the captured booty . Ensign Aneas Mackay received £200 . Lieutenant Daniel Forbes received £100 . The sergeants each received £50 and the privates each got £7 or £8 which was the equivalent to eight or nine months pay . Historian Angus Mackay in the " Book of Mackay " writes of the significance of the Skirmish of Tongue as having more to do with the overthrow of Charles Edward Stuart at Culloden than is generally realized . By the fact that money and supplies had been cut off that were destined for the Jacobites . In the aftermath of the conflict at Tongue the Mackays continued to fight against the Jacobite rebels in the Highlands , defeating the Jacobite Mackenzie , Earl of Cromarty at the Battle of Littleferry .
Battle of Elmina ( 1625 ) The Battle of Elmina was a minor conflict of the Dutch - Portuguese War , fought off the castle of São Jorge da Mina ( Elmina ) in the Portuguese Gold Coast between 1 , 200 Dutch soldiers of the Dutch West India Company landed by a fleet of 15 ships and the Portuguese garrison of the castle reinforced by 200 African allies put in service of the governor Sottomayor by the local caciques . The Dutch opened the battle bombarding the castle , later the Dutch began to march to the castle , but they were ambushed by the Portuguese and their African allies from hidden positions and they were almost totally massacred . Among the dead were the commander - in - chief and all his officers . The Portuguese had very few casualties and took 15 flags , 15 drums and over than 1 , 000 muskets , pikes , pistols and dresses . The Dutch ships fired over 2 , 000 cannonballs at the castle , but they eventually withdrew .
John J . Williams ( American Civil War ) John Jefferson Williams ( 1843 – May 13 , 1865 ) was a Union soldier and private in Company B the 34th Regiment Indiana Infantry and was the last soldier killed in the American Civil War . Biography . Williams was born in 1843 in Jay County , Indiana , and joined the Union Army September 1863 , probably in Anderson . He moved to Camp Joe Holt where his unit drilled before being put on duty in the field . His regiment spent most of the war on guard and garrison duty in the Western Theatre , including New Orleans where he was stationed before his unit joined the army forming for the invasion and occupation of Texas in spring of 1865 . He first saw action in the Battle of Palmito Ranch near Brownsville , Texas where he died May 13 , 1865 . Williams is recognized as being the last soldier to have been killed in action during the Civil War . He is buried in the Alexandria National Cemetery in Pineville , Louisiana . His grave can be found in plot 797 .
Garth Neville Walford Garth Neville Walford VC ( 27 May 1882 - 26 April 1915 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross , the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces . Walford was born to Colonel Neville Walford ( Royal Artillery ) and his wife . He was 32 years old and married to Elizabeth Walford . Walford was a captain in the Royal Field Artillery , British Army during the First World War , and was awarded a Victoria Cross for his actions on 26 April 1915 at the V Beach , Gallipoli , Turkey . After his senior officers had been killed , Walford and Charles Hotham Montagu Doughty - Wylie organised a successful attack targeted on the old fort at the top of the hill , although both men were killed in the battle . Citation . Walford is buried in V Beach Cemetery .