naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Action of 15 October 1917 The Action of 15 October 1917 was a naval engagement of World War I between Imperial Germany and the United States off the coast of Mind Head , Ireland . Action . The United States Navy destroyer — under Lieutenant Commander W . N . Vernon — was operating off the coast of Ireland in October 1917 . On anti - submarine patrols and rescue missions , as well as convoy duty . Operating out of Queenstown , Ireland , she was armed with four guns and eight torpedo tube s . The German submarine " U - 61 " — on a typical unrestricted U - boat mission — was cruising in British waters , attacking Allied shipping . She was armed with a deck gun and torpedo es . On 15 October 1917 , " Cassin " sighted " U - 61 " at about south of Mind Head at 13 : 30 and from the ship . The German submarine sighted " Cassin " as well , she immediately submerged and began to flee . A pursuit ensued for an hour ; at about 14 : 30 , " U - 61 " s commander — Victor Dieckmann — decided to engage the tailing American warship . The Germans then turned about and surfaced to line up for a shot and fired their last torpedo . Gunner ' s Mate First Class Osmond Ingram noticed the incoming projectile , he quickly ran over to the depth charge gunners and ordered them to shoot charges in " U - 61 " s direction . The torpedo struck the destroyer aft on the port side before the depth charge attack could be launched , Ingram was killed in the explosion . The torpedo hit " Cassin " s portside stern , nearly blowing off her rudder . The American destroyer began to steam in circles , but returned a barrage of 4 inch shells which forced the U - boat to dive . Four hits damaged " U - 61 " s conning tower which discouraged her commander from continuing to attack . Besides the American sailor killed , nine others were wounded in the action . The dead sailor — Osmond Ingram — was awarded the Medal of Honor for his service on 15 October . Eventually , another American destroyer and the British sloop s HMS " Jessamine " and " Tamarisk " arrived on the scene and protected " Cassin " throughout the night . However , no further U - boat contacts were made . The next morning , " Cassin " was towed back to Queenstown by Captain Ronald Niel Stuart in . The damaged USS " Cassin " was repaired and returned to active duty in July 1918 ; " U - 61 " was sunk by the submarine chaser a few months later .
Arthur Fanshawe Admiral Sir Arthur Fanshawe KCB ( 5 February 1794 – 14 June 1864 ) was a Royal Navy officer who went on to be Commander - in - Chief , Plymouth . Naval career . Fanshawe joined the Royal Navy in 1804 . Promoted to Captain in 1816 , he commanded HMS " Donegal " from 1832 and then HMS " Princess Charlotte " during the Oriental Crisis in 1840 . Fanshawe was appointed Commodore , West Coast of Africa in 1849 , Commander - in - chief , North America and West Indies in 1853 and Commander - in - Chief , Mediterranean Fleet in 1858 . His last appointment was as Commander - in - Chief , Plymouth from June 1860 . Fanshawe died at Regent ' s Park in London and left his estates in Hampshire to his nephew , Admiral Sir Edward Fanshawe .
Forward Operating Base Danger Forward Operating Base Danger was a forward operating base operated by United States military forces in Tikrit , Iraq from the time of the occupation of Iraq in 2003 until November 2005 when it was handed over to the government of Iraq . The base was centered on Saddam Hussein ' s presidential palace complex . Originally founded as Forward Operating Base Ironhorse the installation served as the headquarters garrison for the 4th Infantry Division from April 2003 until handover and redesignation under the 1st Infantry Division in May 2004 . The United States Army ' s 1st Infantry Division and 42nd Infantry Division occupied the base at different times while in use by US forces . On 7 June 2005 Captain Phillip Esposito and 1st Lieutenant Louis Allen from the 42nd were killed at the base in what may have been the second incident of fragging among US forces during the Iraq War .
Élie Frédéric Forey Élie Frédéric Forey ( 10 January 1804 – 20 June 1872 ) was a Marshal of France . Biography . Elie Frédéric Forey was born in Paris . He studied at the French military academy Saint - Cyr and was commissioned a lieutenant in the 2nd Light Infantry Regiment in 1824 . He served in the expedition against Algiers in 1830 . Promoted to captain in 1835 , he was given the command of a battalion of " chasseurs a pied " ( foot soldiers ) in 1839 . By the time of the Revolution of 1848 , Forey had become a colonel ( 1844 ) and commanded his own regiment . Forey soon commanded a brigade and in 1852 , and was promoted to " général de division " for having supported Napoléon III in his Coup d ' etat During the Crimean War , Forey commanded a division with which he served in the siege of Sebastopol . During the Franco - Austrian War of 1859 , Forey again commanded a division with which he saw action at the battles of Montebello and Solferino , where he distinguished himself in breaking the last Austrian positions near the village of Cavriana . Having been made a senator after the end of the war , Forey was named commanding general of the French expeditionary corps to Mexico in 1862 . Forey - given the fullest civil and military powers - and his troops landed in September 1862 in Veracruz . In May 1863 , his forces captured Puebla after a protracted siege and then Mexico City as well . For this , Forey received as his reward the marshal ' s baton . After having established a triumvirate to govern Mexico for Emperor Maximilian , Forey handed over command of the expeditionary force to Bazaine and returned to France were he was given command of the 2nd Corps , which he commanded until 1867 when after being struck by a blood clot in the brain , he was put on the non active list . Forey died in Paris in 1872 , having taken no part in the Franco - Prussian War .
Battle of Las Queseras del Medio The Battle of Las Queseras del Medio was an important battle of the Venezuelan War of Independence . It took place on April 2 , 1819 . The forces of José Antonio Páez consisted of 153 lancers , who were llaneros . They were pitted against more than 1 , 000 Spanish cavalry . The battle is noted for a phrase of Páez ’ s that became famous : " ¡ Vuelvan Caras ! " ( “ About face ! ” ) – although some sources state that he actually said " ¡ Vuelvan , Caras ! " ( “ Return [ to the battle ] , damn it ! ” ) . ) . It was April 1819 when Bolívar upon reaching the Arauca River , a tributary of the Orinoco south of the Apure plains , met cavalry division of General Páez encamped on the southern bank of the mighty river , some 300 miles south of Caracas . Together the llaneros of Paez and Bolívar ' s troops numbered about 3 , 000 men . The army of Spanish General Pablo Morillo , which was stationed across the river at " Las Queseras del Medio " , about a mile from its banks , was 6 , 000 strong . Paez took command of 153 llaneros and with their horses crossed the river swimming to a point some two miles above Morillo ' s encampment . Upon reaching the protection of the steep river bank on the opposite side , Páez formed his men into six or seven platoons and advanced into the open savannah . Morillo on seeing Páez organized his forces ; the vanguard consisting of 800 cavalry armed with lances , and 200 cavalry armed with carbines , which he placed in the center with his infantry and artillery and charged . Páez and his men retreated in the direction where one of Bolivar ' s infantry units was stationed . Morillo ' s cavalry tried to surround Páez by flanking him on both sides . Páez ordered one of his platoons to attack the infantry in the center . The purpose of this action was to force the two flanking cavalry columns to come together , at which moment Páez would pull back his men to avoid being enveloped . The maneuver was well executed and with great speed , creating pandemonium in the royalists ranks , while withdrawing before the two wings of the Spanish cavalry closed ranks into a solid mass . It was , at this point , with the Spanish cavalry in full pursuit , that Páez gave his famous order , " Vuelvan Caras ! " ( turn around ) and ordered all his llaneros to fall back upon the disconcerted enemy ; many contemporary historians believe the actual phrase he said was " Vuelvan caras ! " . " Caras " being a curse word in Spanish but was embellished for euphemistic purposes . The Spanish cavalry , confused , turned around in panic and fled , leaving a trail of casualties in their wake . Spanish casualties amounted to 400 dead , while Páez lost 8 men in the action . After the battle Bolívar awarded Páez and his men with the " Cruz de los Libertadores " ( Cross of the Liberators ) . Pedro Camejo had been involved in this battle as one of Páez ' s lancers . Narciso López had fought on the Spanish side of this battle .
RAF Greatham RAF Greatham was an RAF station situated in Greatham , County Durham , England . Also known as RAF ' West Hartlepool ' , was located at Hartlepool and was little more than a grass airstrip , a satellite station of RAF Thornaby . It was home to four of 403 Squadron ' s Spitfires from 19 June 1942 to 22 January 1943 — operating forward from RAF Catterick . Little now remains , as the site was developed after the war by British Steel . 645 VGS . The airfield was once home to 645 Volunteer Gliding School , who operate Grob Vigilant Motor Gliders for the Air Training Corps . They are now located at RAF Topcliffe , within the Alanbrooke Barracks in Yorkshire .
Virginia Army National Guard The Virginia Army National Guard is composed of approximately 7500 soldiers and maintains 46 armories in communities throughout the Commonwealth . The Governor may call individuals or units of the Virginia National Guard into state service during emergencies or to assist in special situations which lend themselves to use of the National Guard . The state mission assigned to the National Guard is : " The Virginia National Guard provides the premier ready , relevant , and responsive Army and Air National Guard and Virginia Defense Force ( personnel and units ) to support and defend the Constitution of the United States and the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Virginia . The forces must anticipate requirements and rapidly deploy where directed while executing the orders of the President of the United States and the Governor of Virginia in order to save lives , protect people and property , ensure safety and relieve suffering . " Virginia Army National Guard units are trained and equipped as part of the United States Army . The same enlisted ranks and officer ranks and insignia are used and National Guardsmen are eligible to receive all United States military awards . The Virginia Guard also bestows a number of state awards for local services rendered in or to the commonwealth of Virginia . Duties . National Guard units can be mobilized at any time by presidential order to supplement regular armed forces , and upon declaration of a state of emergency by the governor of the state in which they serve . Unlike Army Reserve members , National Guard members cannot be mobilized individually ( except through voluntary transfers and Temporary DutY Assignments TDY ) , but only as part of their respective unit s . Active Duty Callups . For much of the final decades of the twentieth century , National Guard personnel typically served " One weekend a month , two weeks a year " , with a portion working for the Guard in a full - time capacity . The current forces formation plans of the US Army call for the typical National Guard unit ( or National Guardsman ) to serve one year of active duty for every five years of service . More specifically , current Department of Defense policy is that no Guardsman will be involuntarily activated for a total of more than 24 months ( cumulative ) in one six year enlistment period ( this policy is due to change 1 August 2007 , the new policy states that soldiers will be given 24 months between deployments of no more than 24 months , individual states have differing policies ) . Since September 11 , 2001 , over 15 , 700 Virginia Guard personnel have been deployed . History . The Virginia Army National Guard traces its history back to 1607 , to the Jamestown settlement ( the official history of the National Guard starts at 1636 in the Plymouth , Massachusetts , colony ) . The Militia Act of 1903 organized the various state militia s into the present National Guard system . The HHT / 2 - 183rd Cavalry and the 276th Engineer Battalion are two of only nineteen Army National Guard units with campaign credit for the War of 1812 .
Hukou Incident Hukou Incident ( ) is an attempted Coup d ' état that took place on January 21 , 1964 at Hukou , Hsinchu , Taiwan . During a staff meeting at the 1st Armor Division headquarter , General Chao Chih - hwa ( 趙志華 ) , then deputy commander of the armored battle group , criticized General Chou Chih - jo ( 周至柔 ) , then Chief of the General Staff , on charges of corruption , and encouraged fellow officers at the meeting to revolt . He was reported as saying " Our leader is being deceived by treacherous people , we must move our forces to Taipei to remove them . " ( " 當今主上為小人所蒙敝 ， 我們要把部隊開到台北勤王清君側 " ) He was promptly arrested by two political warfare officers , but the army nonetheless received erroneous information that the 1st Armor Division was on the move , and had deployed troops to intercept the " rebels forces " that did not exist . Chao was court - martial ed and sentenced to death , but the sentence was never carried out . His sentenced was later reduced to life in prison after the death of Chiang Kai - shek , and Chao died in 1983 . Chao ' s superior Chiang Wei - kuo , who was Chiang ' s adopted son , was also punished and never held any real authority in the military again .
58th Battlefield Surveillance Brigade ( United States ) The 58th Battlefield Surveillance Brigade is a battlefield surveillance brigade of the United States Army National Guard in Maryland . It is being largely formed from the personnel and equipment of the 58th Infantry Brigade Combat Team and officially stood up in its new configuration on 1 September 2010 . History . The 58th Infantry Brigade Combat Team was one of the primary units of the Maryland Army National Guard . It consisted of an infantry brigade combat team ( IBCT ) format of two infantry battalions , one light cavalry squadron , one towed artillery battalion , a brigade support battalion and a special troops battalion . It deployed overseas for combat service in the Iraq theater during the War on Terror in 2007 . This is the brigade ' s first combat deployment , although some of its subordinate units served in prior wars . The unit was originally organized in 1917 as one of the 29th Infantry Division ' s two infantry brigades , and originally consisted of the 115th Infantry Regiment ( Maryland ) and 116th Infantry Regiment ( Virginia ) . In 1963 , the Brigade was revived as the 3rd Brigade , 29th Infantry Division . In 1968 , it was redesignated as the 3rd Brigade , 28th Infantry Division when the 29th Infantry Division was inactivated . In 1976 , it was disassociated from the 28th Infantry Division and reorganized as the 58th Infantry Brigade ( Separate ) . When the 29th Infantry Division reactivated in 1985 , the brigade again assumed the " 3rd Brigade " designation . It maintained this designation until 2006 , when it was redesignated as part of its transformation into a modular brigade . By FY 2007 , as part of the overall shift to " more tooth , less tail , " Army National Guard brigades are planned to be reorganized to form 34 brigade units following the modular design of the Active Army . The brigade headquarters is based in Towson , MD . , with major subordinate units headquartered Dundalk , MD . ; Annapolis , MD . ; Hagerstown , MD . ; Easton , MD . ; and Ellicott City , MD . Order of battle . 58th Battlefield Surveillance Brigade . National Guard Battlefield Surveillance Brigades 1 – 158th Cavalry Regiment includes Troop C ( LRS ) , which previously existed under the designation 129th Infantry Detachment ( LRS ) and Company E ( LRS ) , 629th Military Intelligence Battalion when the LRS unit was under the 29th Infantry Division . Troop C is the only Airborne unit within the 58th BfSB . References . National Guard Battlefield Surveillance Brigades
USS President Lincoln ( 1907 ) USS " President Lincoln " was a troop transport in the United States Navy during World War I . Formerly the German steamer " President Lincoln " of the Hamburg - American Line , was built by Harland and Wolff , Belfast , in 1907 ; seized in New York harbor in 1917 ; turned over to the Shipping Board , and transferred to the Navy for operation as a troop transport . Having been damaged severely by her German crew , " President Lincoln " underwent extensive repairs and conversion at Robin ' s Dry Dock and Repair Company , Brooklyn , New York . The ship commissioned as a Navy troop transport at Brooklyn on 25 July 1917 , Commander Yates Sterling , Jr . , in command . Service history . " President Lincoln " made five voyages from New York to France , transporting approximately 23 , 000 American troops which she disembarked at Brest , France and St . Nazaire . Four cycles were completed without incident : October – November 1917 , December 1917 - January 1918 , February – March , and March – May . She sailed from New York on her fifth and final trip to Europe on 10 May 1918 . Arriving at Brest on the 23rd , she disembarked troops , and — escorted by destroyer s — got underway on the 29th with troopships , and for the return voyage to the U . S . At sundown on 30 May 1918 , having passed through the so - called " danger zone " of submarine activity , the destroyers left the convoy to proceed alone . At about 09 : 00 on 31 May 1918 , " President Lincoln " was struck by three torpedo es from the German submarine , and sank about 20 minutes later . Of the 715 people aboard , 26 men were lost with the ship , and a Lieutenant Edward Isaacs was taken aboard " U – 90 " as prisoner . Survivors were rescued from lifeboats late that night by destroyers and . They were taken to France , arriving at Brest on 2 June .
Anne Hilarion de Tourville Anne Hilarion de Costentin , comte de Tourville ( 24 November 1642 , Paris – 23 May 1701 ) was a French naval commander who served under King Louis XIV . He was made Marshal of France in 1693 . Military career . At age 17 , as a Knight of Malta , he fought his first naval battle on a frigate of the Order of Malta . At 25 , he joined the French Royal Navy and started an active career , fighting the 1673 campaign of the Franco - Dutch War on the " Sans - Pareil " , at the Battle of Agosta where he was in command of the " Syrene " , and later in command of the " Sceptre " . He served under Abraham Duquesne during the campaigns of 1676 , and became a commander in 1690 during the War of the Grand Alliance . He put his flag on the " Soleil - Royal " , where it would stay until the battle of La Hougue in 1692 . At the Battle of Beachy Head ( " Victoire de Béveziers " ) , 1690 , he defeated an Anglo - Dutch fleet , sinking and capturing 15 enemy ships . On 29 May 1692 , at Barfleur , with only 45 ships , he inflicted heavy losses on an English and Dutch fleet 97 ships strong , but was forced to retreat . He himself suffered heavy losses after the battle when fire ships attacked the French ships of the line immobilised for repairs in Cherbourg . On 27 June 1693 , he defeated a convoy of 59 English ships commanded by George Rooke at Cape St . Vincent near Lagos Bay in Portugal , during the Battle of Cape St . Vincent . Honours and tributes . Tourville retired after the Peace of Ryswick and died in Paris on 23 May 1701 , regarded as a national hero . A number of French naval vessels from the 18th through 20th centuries were named in Tourville ' s honour .
Subedar - major Subedar - major is the senior rank of junior commissioned officer in the Indian and Pakistani Armies , and formerly a Viceroy ' s commissioned officer in the British Indian Army . Although commissioned , they would be considered as senior enlisted personnel and fulfil a role similar to that of the most senior non - commissioned officers in other armies . A battalion ' s single subedar - major assists the commander in much the same way as a regimental sergeant major would ( to the extent that this rank , known as regimental havildar major , is now almost obsolete in the Indian Army ) . Under British rule a subedar - major wore the crown of a full major , a tradition which has continued with slight variation after independence . India now use Ashoka lions with a gold and red stripe below , and Pakistan a wreathed star with green and red . These stripes separate subedar - majors from full commissioned majors ; in the Old Indian Army this distinction was made by race . In the cavalry , the equivalent rank is risaldar - major . Subedar - major or risaldar - major equated to a British major and subedar or risaldar to captain , although junior to all British officers .
Frederick Gotthold Enslin Frederick Gotthold Enslin was the focus of one of three possible cases of sodomy documented in the Continental Army under General George Washington . The case began with a charge against an ensign for slander against another soldier . At Valley Forge , Pennsylvania , in February 1778 , Ensign Anthony Maxwell was brought before a court - martial charged with " propogating a scandalous report prejudicial to the character of Lieut . Enslin . " The Ensign was ultimately acquitted of the charge . In March 1778 , Lieut . Enslin was brought to trial before a court - martial . According to General Washington ' s report : " . . . Lieutt . Enslin of Colo . Malcolm ' s Regiment tried for attempting to commit " sodomy " . . . " Washington ' s secretary continues to describe the results of the trial : " His Excellency the Commander in Chief approves the sentence and with Abhorrence & Detestation of such Infamous Crimes orders Lieut . Enslin to be drummed out of Camp tomorrow morning . . . " The diary of Lieut . James McMichael records the sentence being carried out on 15 March 1778 : " March 15 . — I this morning proceeded to the grand parade , where I was a spectator to the drumming out of Lieut . Enslin of Col . Malcom ' s regiment . He was first drum ' d from right to left of the parade , thence to the left wing of the army ; from that to the centre , and lastly transported over the Schuylkill with orders never to be seen in Camp in the future . This shocking scene was performed by all the drums and fife s in the army — the coat of the delinquent was turned wrong side out . " He may be identical to " Gotthold Fried . Enslin " who arrived in Philadelphia on the ship " Union " from Rotterdam on 30 September 1774 .