naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Thomas E . Scroggy Thomas Edmund Scroggy ( March 18 , 1843 - March 6 , 1915 ) was a U . S . Representative from Ohio . Biography . Born in Harveysburg , Ohio , Scroggy attended the public schools . He engaged in manufacturing . Enlisted in July 1861 as a private in Company H , Thirty - ninth Regiment , Ohio Volunteer Infantry , and served in that capacity and as corporal . Honorably discharged and mustered out at Camp Dennison in March 1865 . In June 1865 Scroggy engaged in the retail business in Xenia , Ohio . He was elected Justice of the Peace in 1869 and served one term . He studied law . He was admitted to the bar September 8 , 1871 , and commenced practice in Xenia , Ohio . He served three terms as clerk and three terms as solicitor of the city of Xenia . Common Pleas Judge in 1898 , and again elected for a term of five years beginning February 1904 from which he resigned upon his election to Congress . Scroggy was elected as a Republican to the Fifty - ninth Congress ( March 4 , 1905 – March 3 , 1907 ) . He was not a candidate for renomination in 1906 . He resumed the practice of his profession . He moved to Tulsa , Oklahoma , in 1912 , where he died March 6 , 1915 . He was interred in Woodlawn Cemetery , Xenia , Ohio .
Battle of Caldiero ( 1813 ) The Battle of Caldiero on 15 November 1813 saw an army of the First French Empire under Eugène de Beauharnais opposed to an Austrian Empire army led by Johann von Hiller . Eugène , who was the Viceroy of the Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy inflicted a defeat on Hiller ' s troops , driving them from Caldiero . The action took place during the War of the Sixth Coalition , part of the Napoleonic Wars . Caldiero is located east of Verona on the Autostrada A4 . When Austria entered the war against Napoleon in August 1813 , Eugène attempted to defend the Illyrian Provinces east of Italy . Ultimately , the Austrians compelled the Franco - Italian army to retreat to the Adige River . As Hiller ' s forces closed in on Verona from the north and east , Eugène tried to fend them off . The viceroy pushed back the northern force , then rushed back to attack Paul von Radivojevich ' s Austrians at Caldiero . On the 15th , his divisions under François Jean Baptiste Quesnel and Marie François Rouyer drove the Austrians back to Soave . Then Eugène pulled most of his troops back to the west bank of the Adige , leaving only Pierre - Louis Binet de Marcognet ' s division on the east bank . Hiller attacked Marcognet between San Michele and San Martino Buon Albergo on the 19th , but was repulsed after a hard fight . By this time , a new Austrian threat appeared to the south at Ferrara . Battle . Historian Alain Pigeard stated that the Austrians lost 1 , 500 killed and wounded , plus 1 , 000 captured out of a total of 18 , 000 troops engaged . He noted that 16 , 000 French soldiers were present during their victory , but gave no losses . Digby Smith asserted that the French lost 500 killed and wounded out of 16 , 000 troops in their triumph , while the Austrians suffered 500 killed and wounded plus 900 men and two guns captured . Frederick C . Schneid listed 500 French killed and wounded , 1 , 500 Austrian killed and wounded , plus 900 Austrians and two guns captured .
National Defence College , India National Defence College of India located in New Delhi is the highest seat of strategic learning for Indian Defence and Civil Services officers of the rank of Brigadier or Joint Secretary . This is a very prestigious course attended only by a few hand - picked defence officers of Brigadier ( one - star General ) rank and from friendly foreign countries . Each year , approximately 25 officers from countries like the USA , UK , Canada , France , Germany , Australia , Vietnam , Sri Lanka , Nepal , UAE and others attend the course . This college provides strategic leadership to the government of India in national and international security matters and also acts as a think tank on defence matters and holds a very important position in shaping up the Indian defence outlook . Location . The College is located on Tees January Road of Lutyen ' s Zone in Delhi , in a grand British - era building spread over acres of lush green lawns . Residential facilities for the officers are located in the central vista of Delhi , on Ashok Rajpath near India Gate . The college commandant has a bunglow on the Akbar Road called NDC House . Commandant . This prestigious college is headed by the Commandant of the college who is the overall in - charge of all the functioning of the college including academics and administration . Commandant of the college is a three - star general ( Lt . General rank ) and tenure of each commandant is for 2 years which rotates between the Army , the Navy and the Indian Air Force . Current Commandant of the college is Vice Admiral Sunil Lamba , AVSM from Indian Navy . He took over the college from Air Marshal PK Roy AVSM VM VSM in November 2012 . Course . It conducts a 47 week National Security and Strategic Study course each year which commences in the first week of January each year and finishes in the first week of December . The entire course is divided in six subjects spread over two terms . This course also involves extensive travel within and outside the country to visit Indian states and foreign countries where course members meet head of states and important decision makers to understand the political , social and strategic landscape of the state / country . Method of Study . During the course of each study , course is divided into seven groups called Integrated Analysis Groups ( IAG ) . Each IAG comprises 13 - 14 members ( 4 - 5 army officers , 1 naval officer , 1 - 2 air force officers , 3 - 4 IAS / IPS / Civil Services officers and 4 - 5 foreign military officers ) . Each IAG function in a synergatic mode to for purpose of analyzing issues , discussions , preparation of papers and presentations . Faculty . Faculty of National Defence College is drawn from the Army , Navy , Air Force and Civial services . Usually , there are 7 faculty members ( Army - 3 , Navy - 1 , Air Force - 1 , IAS - 1 and IFS - 1 ) . Apart from these 7 regular faculties , college regularly invites think tanks , ambassadors of different nations , business leaders , ministers from India and friendly countries , defence chiefs of friendly countries to give lectures in the college .
Judge Advocate General Branch ( Pakistan ) The Judge Advocate General Branch of the Pakistan Armed Forces is composed of Pakistan ' s Military senior officers , lawyers and judges who provide legal services to the Army , Air Force , Navy , and Marines at all levels of command . JAG branch comes directly under the Adjudant - General Branch of the army . The Judge Advocate General ' s Legal Service includes judge advocates , warrant officers , paralegal noncommissioned officers and junior enlisted personnel , and civilian employees . In Pakistan , the Judge Advocate General can have the rank of Lieutenant - General , Major or Brigadier - General . The JAG is currently led by the combined Pakistan Armed Forces ' s senior - rank officers that includes the Vice Admiral s of the Navy , Air Marshal s of the Air Force , and the Lieutenant - General s of the Army whose names are kept highly classified . The JAG officers provide legal help to the military in all aspects , in particular advising the presiding officers of courts - martial on military law . According to the military justice law of Pakistan Armed Forces , the JAG ' s ruled decision cannot be challenged in civilian courts nor the civilian court can interfere in JAG ' court hearing .
FN CAL The CAL ( " Carabine Automatique Légère " ) was a Belgian weapon manufactured by Fabrique Nationale . It was the first 5 . 56 mm rifle produced by the Fabrique Nationale . It resembled the company ' s highly successful FN FAL , but was an original design . Unlike the FAL , it was a market failure , although its development led to the reasonably successful FN FNC . Design details . Prior to the development of the CAL , FN had already constructed a scaled - down FAL prototype before shelving the idea as unmarketable . Noting the growing sales success of the cheaper and simpler HK G3 rifle , FN decided that for any future rifle to be competitive in the marketplace , it would need to use fewer expensive precision - machined parts . These would be replaced by less expensive castings and stampings where possible . While the construction of the new CAL reflected these design principles , it was still relatively expensive and complex , and met with no significant sales . It was eventually dropped for the even less expensive FN FNC . A small number of FN CALs were sold to the civilian market in the US . Operation . Although the weapon resembled a scaled - down FN FAL , it in fact used a rotating bolt , unlike the FAL , which used a tilting bolt design . The earlier models of the CAL had a three - round selector system , which allowed the weapon to fire a three - round burst with each trigger pull . The CAL could also fire in fully and semi - automatic modes . The gas system used a tappet piston rod to operate the bolt carrier , and the bolt itself had interrupted lugs to lock it into the chamber .
605th Tank Destroyer Battalion The 605th Tank Destroyer Battalion was a tank destroyer battalion of the United States Army active during the World War II . The battalion was formed in March 1941 as the 5th Infantry Division Provisional Antitank Battalion , and on December 16 was redesignated as the 605th Tank Destroyer Battalion , in line with the reorganisation of the anti - tank force . It remained in the United States until 1944 , when it was moved to the United Kingdom , deploying into Normandy in January 1945 equipped with towed 3 " anti - tank guns . It first saw action on February 16 , attached to the 102nd Infantry Division , then crossed the Roer on February 24 and pushed towards the Rhine . It deployed into the Remagen bridgehead on March 12 , and was pulled out on March 17 , to be sent north to support British forces in Belgium . However , it was promptly reattached to the 17th Airborne Division , crossing the Rhine on March 25 as part of Operation Varsity . In April they fought in the capture of the Ruhr Pocket , and crossed the Elbe on May 1 , near Lüneburg . Further reading . A short pamphlet on the history of the battalion ( " The 605th tank destroyer battalion " ) was published in 1945 , written by John F . Vasco .
William Alexander Graham William Alexander Graham ( September 5 , 1804August 11 , 1875 ) was a United States Senator from North Carolina from 1840 to 1843 , a Senator in the Confederate Senate from 1864 to 1865 , the 30th Governor of North Carolina from 1845 to 1849 and United States Secretary of the Navy from 1850 to 1852 . He was also a candidate for the vice - presidency in 1852 . Education . Graham was born near Lincolnton , North Carolina . His Scotch - Irish grandfather James Graham ( 1714 – 1763 ) was born in Drumbo , County Down , Northern Ireland and settled in Chester County in the Province of Pennsylvania . William A . Graham graduated from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , where he was a member of the Dialectic Society . He studied law , was admitted to the bar in 1825 , and commenced practice in Hillsborough . Political career . From 1833 to 1840 Graham was a member of the North Carolina House of Commons from Orange County , serving twice as speaker . In 1840 Graham was elected as a Whig to the United States Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Robert Strange , and served from November 25 , 1840 , to March 4 , 1843 . In the Twenty - seventh Congress he was chairman of the Senate Committee on Claims . His older brother , James Graham , had been representing North Carolina in the House since 1833 . From 1845 to 1849 Graham was Governor of North Carolina . Having declined appointments as ambassador to Spain and Russia in 1849 , he was appointed Secretary of the Navy in the cabinet of President Millard Fillmore in 1850 , and served until 1852 . In the 1852 presidential election he was the unsuccessful Whig nominee for vice president , as Winfield Scott ' s running mate . Returning to North Carolina , he was a member of the state senate from 1854 to 1866 , and senator in the Confederate Senate from 1864 to 1865 . Later life and legacy . In 1866 Graham was once again elected to the United States Senate , but because North Carolina had not yet been readmitted to the Union , he did not present his credentials . From 1867 to 1875 he was a member of the board of trustees of the Peabody Fund , which provided educational assistance to the post - Civil War South . From 1873 to 1875 he was an arbitrator in the boundary line dispute between Virginia and Maryland . He died in Saratoga Springs , New York , and is buried in the Presbyterian Church Cemetery in Hillsborough . The United States Navy ship , " USS Graham ( DD - 192 ) " , the World War II Liberty ship " SS William A . Graham " , and the city of Graham , North Carolina were all named for him . Montrose Gardens , located in Hillsborough , North Carolina , is one of Graham ' s former estates and still features some of the structures Graham and his family had built on the property . One of Graham ' s sons , also named William A . Graham , became a state legislator and state agriculture commissioner . Two others , Augustus and John , also became politicians , while a daughter , Susan , married Walter Clark .
Bob Warnock Bob Warnock ( October 24 , 1912 – August 3 , 2004 ) was a sailor on the deck of the submarine , USS " Cachalot " , when the attack on Pearl Harbor began . After witnessing a Japan ese plane torpedo the nearby USS " Pennsylvania " , he fired upon the plane with his sidearm . It was once thought that these were the first shots fired by an American in World War II , though these were in fact fired by the crew of USS " Ward " . Whether he struck the plane is unknown .
CSS Rappahannock CSS Rappahannock , a steam sloop - of - war , was built on the River Thames in 1855 as an " Intrepid " - class gunvessel for the Royal Navy and named HMS " Victor " . Although a handsomely modeled vessel , numerous defects occasioned her sale in 1863 . An agent of the Confederate States Government purchased her ostensibly for the China trade , but British authorities suspected she was destined to be a Confederate commerce raider and ordered her detention . Nevertheless , she succeeded in escaping from Sheerness , England , on November 24 , with workmen still on board and only a token crew . Her Confederate Naval officers joined in the English Channel . When he bought her from the Admiralty through his secret agent on November 14 , Commander Matthew F . Maury had intended " Rappahannock " to replace the cruiser CSS " Georgia " and was about to transfer " Georgia " ' s guns to her . She was ideal for a cruiser — wooden - hulled and bark - rigged with two engines and a lifting screw propeller . She was commissioned a Confederate man - of - war underway , but while passing out of the Thames Estuary her bearings burned out and she had to be taken across to Calais for repairs . There Lieutenant C . M . Fauntleroy , CSN , was placed in command . Detained on various pretexts by the French Government , " Rappahannock " never got to sea and was turned over to the United States at the close of the war .
Sverre Bratland Sverre Bratland ( 2 June 1917 – 29 April 2002 ) was a Norwegian military leader . Biography . He grew up at a farm in Utskarpen in Rana , and took his military education in Harstad at the Norwegian 6th Division Under - Officers ' Training School . He was a sergeant of rank when Norway was invaded by Germany on 9 April 1940 . His garrison was ordered to fight with the outbreak of the Narvik campaign . Bratland first fought in the Battle of Gratangen . In the next month he was stationed in Bodø , where he was founded during a German air attack . He fled to England via Sweden in 1942 , and was subsequently commissioned into the 4th Battalion of the King ' s Shropshire Light Infantry . He would serve in Normandy , landing on 13 June 1944 . He was injured in the Battle for Caen , but quickly returned to the field . On 22 September 1944 , during the crossing of key canals in the Netherlands , Bratland led a platoon attack near Asten , for which he was awarded the Military Cross . When approaching Germany , he headed a company . However he was gravely injured on 5 April 1945 , and remained hospitalized until the war ' s end . Bratland was also awarded the St . Olav ' s Medal With Oak Branch and the Defence Medal as well as the British War Medal 1939 – 1945 and Defence Medal . He was appointed Chevalier de la Légion d ' honneur in 1980 . He went on to have a successful career in the Norwegian army after the war . He served as battalion chief of the Brigade in South Norway from 1961 to 1964 , then chief of staff in Northern Norway . He then served as acting chief of staff of the NATO North Command before serving as commander of ground forces in South Norway from 1977 to 1982 . He attained the rank of Colonel in 1966 and Major - General in 1972 . After retirement he worked part - time at the Norwegian Military Academy . He also visited Normandy several times with various delegations . He died in 2002 .
Charles Ramsay Arbuthnot Admiral Charles Ramsay Arbuthnot ( 5 February 1850 – 30 September 1913 ) was a British Admiral in the Royal Navy . Born in Liverpool in England , he was son of George Clerk Arbuthnot and Caroline Ramsay Hay , and grandson of Sir William Arbuthnot , 1st Baronet . His first post was aboard HMS " Britannia " . Later he served aboard the Arctic yacht " Pandora " , earning the Arctic Medal . He was promoted to Lieutenant on the Royal Yacht in 1871 , Commander on 31 December 1883 ; Captain , 31 July 1891 ; Rear - Admiral , 1 January 1904 ; Vice - Admiral on the retired list , 23 March 1908 ; and Admiral on the retired list , 19 September 1911 . Earlier in his career , Arbuthnot served as Captain of the protected cruiser HMS " Hermione " . He also commanded HMS " Orlando " from 1892 to 1895 during her operations around Australia . He was a Naval Aide - de - Camp to King Edward VII from September 1901 until promoted to flag rank in 1904 . Arbuthnot was a fellow of the Royal Geographical Society . On 8 January 1880 , Arbuthnot married Emily Caroline Schomberg , daughter of Rear Admiral Charles Frederick Schomberg . They had three children , two daughters and one son , Admiral Geoffrey Schomberg Arbuthnot .
2nd Royal Tank Regiment The 2nd Royal Tank Regiment ( 2 RTR ) is an armoured regiment of the British Army . It is part of the Royal Tank Regiment , itself part of the Royal Armoured Corps and the 1st Mechanized Brigade . It primarily recruits from southern England while 1 RTR recruits from the north . History . Founded as B Battalion , Tank Corps in 1917 , the 2 RTR first saw action in World War I with the advent of tank technology . In 1992 , it merged with the 3rd Royal Tank Regiment ( without change of title ) . It became the second regiment that was equipped with the Challenger 2 . Organisation . 2 RTR is made up of four squadrons : Operations . The Regiment has seen action most recently in the following areas : Kosovo , Iraq and Afghanistan . After a long period in Fallingbostel , Germany , the regiment moved back to the UK and the Aliwal Barracks in Tidworth in July 2007 . All four of the Regiment ' s Sabre Squadrons were deployed in 2006 / 7 , with EGYPT providing the Challenger 2 armoured punch on Op TELIC 9 , which were then replaced on TELIC 10 by CYCLOPS with BADGER , operating in Warrior tracked armoured vehicles . FALCON have recently returned from Op HERRICK in Afghanistan where they conducted numerous operations on the new Mastiff armoured vehicle . As of June 2009 EGYPT are back in Afghanistan operating on the Viking armoured vehicle . The Regiment had a busy training year with AFV Ranges followed by BATUS towards the end of the year . On 25 June 2008 at Buckingham Palace , both Regiments were presented with their new Standard by The Queen , which included the new Battle Honour of Al Basrah 2003 .
Army Group Don Army Group Don was a short - lived German army group during World War II . Army Group Don was created from the headquarters of the Eleventh Army in the southern sector of the Eastern Front on 22 November 1942 . The army group only lasted until February 1943 when it was combined with Army Group B and was made into the new Army Group South . The one commander of Army Group Don was Field Marshal ( " Generalfeldmarschall " ) Erich von Manstein . It was created to hold the line between Army Group A and Army Group B . It consisted of the Sixth Army ( Germany ) in the Stalingrad pocket , which included the encircled elements of the 4th Panzer Army , together with some remnants of the Romanian 4th Army and the reconstituted 4th Panzer Army which was augmented by four weak Panzer divisions .
Irving Farmer Kennedy Irving Farmer Kennedy DFC ( February 4 , 1922 – January 6 , 2011 ) was a Canadian fighter pilot in the RCAF during World War II . He was one of Canada ’ s highest - scoring aces of the war , with 10 solo and 5 shared aircraft destroyed , and 1 probably destroyed . Born in Cumberland , Ontario in 1922 to Eva Farmer and Robert James Kennedy ( a veteran of World War I , injured in 1917 at Vimy Ridge ) , he grew up a strait - laced young man who believed it was his duty to serve . The war started when he was 17 in his final year of high school in Ottawa , and he joined the RCAF in October 1940 . He did his flight training in Canada at No . 2 ITS ( in early 1941 , and No . 8 EFTS and No . 10 SFTS to July 1941 . As a Sergeant Pilot he was posted in the UK in August 1941 , flying Hawker Hurricane fighters at No . 55 OTU . In September 1941 he was posted to No . 263 Squadron RAF , flying the Westland Whirlwind , based in the west country and flying convoy protection and ground attack sorties into France . He was promoted to Flight Sergeant in January 1942 and commissioned as a Flight Lieutenant in March 1942 . In June 1942 he was posted to the newly formed No . 421 " Red Indian " Squadron , RCAF flying the Spitfire V . He then shipped out to Malta to join No 249 Squadron in October 1942 , where he became an ace with seven official victories . His first aerial victory came in February 1943 when he and another pilot downed a Junkers Ju - 52 transport near Licata . He was awarded a quarter victory in shooting down a Ju - 88 of KG 54 on 3 March 1943 , a half victory on 22 March 1943 and a third on 16 April . In April he and American ace S / L J . J . Lynch caught and destroyed three Ju - 52 transports off Sicily , and awarded two victories . Over Sicily and Italy he claimed five more victories , including a FW - 190 of SKG 10 on both 4 and 10 September and two Bf 109 - Gs of JG 77 on 13 October . In June he was posted to 185 Squadron , flying a mixture of Spitfire Vs and IXs . On June 22 he was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross . Although tour - expired in July 1943 , Kennedy stayed on operations , this time with 111 Squadron until September 1943 . A spell with No . 93 Squadron followed until December 1943 . He then returned to the UK and began another tour on 15 June 1944 as C . O . with No . 401 Squadron . Kennedy downed two more German fighters for a total of 14 enemy aircraft destroyed , before he was shot down by flak on 26 July 1944 . After parachuting into a field in occupied France , he initially hid in a hayloft and was cared for by a French family . With the aid of the French Maquis , Kennedy walked to Allied lines . He returned to Canada in September 1944 , and was released from the RCAF on 13 February 1945 . He became a doctor and studied medicine at the University of Toronto , graduating in 1950 . He was based in Cumberland , Ontario . Kennedy died on 6 January 2011 . Kennedy ’ s brothers , Robert and Carleton , also served . Carleton died when his Halifax Mk III bomber crashed .