naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Bagsecg Bagsecg ( died January 8 , 871 ) was a Viking leader referred to as a ' King ' , He is also known as Bægsecg or Bagsec . In 870 or 871 he came from Scandinavia to England , and led The Great Summer Army to England and added his forces to the Great Heathen Army which had already overrun much of England . He and Halfdan Ragnarsson became the joint leaders of a Viking invasion of the Kingdom of Wessex . However he was killed at the Battle of Ashdown , fighting a West Saxon Army led by the king ' s younger brother , the future Alfred the Great . Life . Little is known about Bagsecg , He arrived in England in either 870 or 871 and was the leader of a massive Viking Army known as The Great Summer Army which arrived in the summer , so the likely date when he arrived could be 870 . As early as 871 he and Halfdan Ragnarsson dispatched a few Viking parties to attack the Kingdom of Wessex which remained vulnerable to Viking raids ; they captured Reading , Berkshire and set up camp within the town . On the 4th January 871 , Alfred the Great ( he was not yet king ) attempted to attack the camp , however Bagsecg won a great victory at The Battle of Reading inflicting terrible losses on Alfred ' s army . Death . On the 8th January 871 , both forces met on the North Wessex Downs in Berkshire . The Vikings were commanded by Bagsecg and Halfdan and five other Danish Earls . The Viking army itself was outnumbered in comparison to the West Saxons led by Alfred . This battle would determine the fate of Wessex and its king . Alfred ' s elder brother King Æthelred of Wessex was busy praying in a church , and refused to fight until his other army arrived . This left Alfred in command , and the West Saxon and Viking armies met , the battle itself lasting all day . Bagsecg was killed along with his five Earls . According to the Anglo - Saxon Chronicle Bagsecg was slain by a sword while Halfdan fled from the battle field with the rest of the army back to Reading . The Battle of Ashdown itself was a limited West Saxon Victory . Legacy . According to local folklore in Berkshire , Bagsecg was buried at Waylands Smithy and his Earls at The Seven Barrows ; this is wrong as Waylands Smithy dates back to Neolithic times and The Seven Barrows dates back to the Bronze Age , If this is the case then the Barrows could have been reused for burial over the course of time . References . Wayland Smithy Legends . Battle of Ashdown Information .
252 Air Group The unit , equipped with A6M Zero fighter aircraft , was involved in several major battles in the south and central Pacific from 1942 to 1943 , including the Battle of the Bismarck Sea . After being annihilated in combat over the Marshall Islands in 1943 , the unit was reconstituted in Japan in February 1944 and helped defend the home islands against Allied offensives , including B - 29 bomber attacks from the Mariana Islands .
CSS Alabama ' s Gulf of Mexico Expeditionary Raid The CSS " Alabama ' s " Gulf of Mexico Expeditionary Raid commenced shortly after the " Alabama " left Bermuda and the Atlantic coast and cruised south toward the island of Dominica in the Caribbean Sea near the Gulf of Mexico . The raid lasted from about the middle of November , 1862 to the end of January , 1863 . The primary area of operation during this expeditionary raid , was the southern seaboard of the United States starting from Dominica then ranging up along Cuba and to Galveston , Texas before finally heading south again toward Jamaica . Raid overview . The CSS " Alabama " worked its way down the east coast of Florida during the month of November to Martinique to rendezvous with her supply vessel , the CSS " Agrippina " , and ran into the USS " San Jacinto " , narrowly escaping the Union warship . The CSS " Alabama " then made her way to Texas to help defend the state from invasion from Gen . Banks Expedition , and fought the USS " Hatteras " , before escaping to the South Atlantic . From this raiding area off the coast of New England , the CSS " Alabama " made her way into the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico to continue her unhindered wrecking of enemy commerce along the North American coastline .
Second Battle of Tripoli Harbor The Second Battle of Tripoli Harbor , was a naval action during a naval blockade which took place in Tripoli Harbor in 1804 . The battle is part of the First Barbary War between forces of the United States and the forces of Tripoli . Background . Commodore Edward Preble had assumed command of the U . S . Mediterranean Squadron in 1803 . By October of that year Preble had begun a blockade of Tripoli harbor . The first significant action of the blockade came on 31 October when the USS " Philadelphia " ran aground on an uncharted coral reef and the Tripolitan Navy was able to capture the ship along with its crew and Captain William Bainbridge . The " Philadelphia " was turned against the Americans and anchored in the harbor as a gun battery . On the night of 16 February 1804 , a small contingent of U . S . Marines in a captured Tripolitan ketch rechristened USS " Intrepid " and led by Lieutenant Stephen Decatur , Jr . were able to deceive the guards on board the " Philadelphia " and float close enough to board the captured ship . Decatur ' s men stormed the vessel and decimated the Tripolitan sailors standing guard . To complete the daring raid , Decatur ' s party set fire to the " Philadelphia " , denying her use to the enemy . Decatur ' s bravery in action made him one of the first American military heroes since the Revolutionary War . The British Admiral Horatio Nelson , himself known as a man of action and bravery , is said to have called this " the most bold and daring act of the age . " Even Pope Pius VII stated , " The United States , though in their infancy , have done more to humble the anti - Christian barbarians on the African coast than all the European states had done . . . " Battle . Preble attacked Tripoli outright on 14 July 1804 in a series of inconclusive battles , including a courageous but unsuccessful attack by the fire ship USS " Intrepid " under Master Commandant Richard Somers . " Intrepid " , packed with explosives , was to enter Tripoli harbor and destroy itself and the enemy fleet ; it was destroyed , perhaps by enemy guns , before achieving that goal , killing Somers and his crew . The actions against Tripoli harbor continued to prove indecisive until September when Commodore Samuel Barron assumed command of the Mediterranean Squadron and focused the fleet ' s attention on supporting William Eaton ' s attack on Derne , which ended in a victory . Notable veterans . Several of the United States ' early naval heroes served in the blockade including Stephen Decatur , William Bainbridge , Charles Stewart , Isaac Hull , David Porter , Reuben James and Edward Preble . Collectively referred to as " Preble ' s Boys " , many of these officers would play a significant role in the upcoming War of 1812 .
1st Infantry Division ( Republic of Korea ) The 1st Infantry Division is a military formation of the Republic of Korea Army ' s I Corps . The division was established on 12 May 1945 under the command of Colonel Suk - won Kim . It is based around three infantry regiments : History . Korean War . The division was the first units of the ROK Army to be attacked by the North Koreans on June 25 , 1950 . At 4 a . m . the North Koreans began an artillery barrage on the division ' s positions along the 38th Parallel . The artillery bombardment was quickly followed by ground attacks by the NKPA ' s 1st and 6th Infantry Divisions . It became part of II Corps after the first fall of Seoul , and was part of the defensive line to slow the North Korean advance from Seoul to Taejon . It subsequently fought in the Battle of Pusan Perimeter . On October 14 , 1950 Company F of the U . S . 5th Cavalry entered Pyongyang , followed shortly thereafter by 1st Division elements from the northeast . The next morning , the division reached the heart of the city and took the strongly fortified administrative center without difficulty . The entire city was secured by 10 : 00 that day . Battle of Unsan . " In the western half of North Korea , as part of the U . S . I Corps ’ general advance on October 25 , 1950 , the 1st Division was spread out on the road that ran from the Chongchon River to Unsan . The division ’ s 15th Regiment passed through Yongbyon and continued toward Unsan without opposition . In the lead were elements of Company D , 6th Medium Tank Battalion , which also passed through Unsan without incident . Just before 1100 , as the tanks approached a bridge one and a half miles northeast of the town , enemy mortar fire destroyed the bridge . Engaging the enemy force , the soldiers reported a half - hour later that at least three hundred Chinese troops were in the hills just north of Unsan . The 12th Regiment , the second division unit in the column , turned west when it arrived at Unsan , and also ran into Chinese forces just beyond the town . The CCF ’ s attacks against the 1st Division continued on the twenty - sixth but eased up the following day . " " During the afternoon of November 1 , the CCF ’ s attack north of Unsan gained strength against the 15th Regiment and gradually extended to the right flank of the U . S . 1st Battalion , 8th Cavalry . At nightfall the 1st Battalion controlled the northern approaches to the Samtan River , except for portions of the 15th Regiment ’ s zone on the east side . The battalion ’ s position on the left was weak ; there were not enough soldiers to extend the defensive line to the main ridge leading into Unsan . This left a gap between the 1st and 2d Battalions . East of the Samtan the 15th Regiment was under heavy attack , and shortly after midnight it no longer existed as a combat force . "
Requetés The Requetés ( from the French " requêté " , “ hunting call ” ) were the Carlist militia during the Spanish Civil War . Wearing red beret s , they mostly came from Navarre and were highly religious with many regarding the war as a Crusade . They were often accompanied by priests as field chaplains , who were known for risking their lives to perform the Last Sacrament on the battlefield , and who also urged the men on . A Spanish encyclopedia of 1965 defines the Requetés as a “ group of traditionalists whose object is to encourage amongst themselves the goals of the political party , valorous sentiments , physical prowess , initiative , spirit of resistance , and the acceptance of responsibility , and who during the civil wars of Spain , fought in corps ( " tercios " ) in defense of the religious and monarchical traditions . ” The earliest use of the term was applied to the Third Battalion of Navarre ( " Tercer Batallón de Navarra " ) , in 1835 , during the First Carlist War , and was later applied generally to all Carlist combatants . The Carlist " Requetés " had been receiving military training during the Second Spanish Republic . During the early and medium periods of the Spanish Civil War the Requeté units were well known as highly motivated and ( comparatively ) well trained assault troops for the nationalists . Carlist units were instrumental in several nationalist victories , notably during the tough fighting in the and around the two northern provinces of the basque territories , Bizkaia and Gipuzkoa , during the Northern Campaign in 1937 . The negotiations with the conspiring generals were tough . By July 1936 , however , Carlism unanimously supported the nationalist side on the Spanish Civil War . From the start there were serious troubles , between the Carlists , especially their then political head Manuel Fal Conde , and the military government . On 8 December 1936 , Manuel Fal had to leave temporarily for Portugal , after a major clash with Franco . On 19 April 1937 their political branch was " unified " with the Falange party . Both the Falange and the regent Javier de Borbón protested this move , and , after a meeting with Francisco Franco , Javier de Borbón was expelled from Spain . Due to the necessities of the war , actions against the Unification did not go much further , but meant the loss of all material wealth of the party ( buildings , newspapers , etc . ) .
Quintus Fabius Maximus Aemilianus Quintus Fabius Maximus Aemilianus was a Roman statesman and consul ( 145 BC ) . Fabius was by adoption a member of the patrician gens Fabia , but by birth he was the eldest son of Lucius Aemilius Paullus Macedonicus and Papiria Masonis and the elder brother of Scipio Aemilianus . He was the father of Quintus Fabius Maximus Allobrogicus . Fabius served under his blood father in the Third Macedonian War and was sent by his father to Rome to announce the news of the Roman victory at Pydna . Fabius served as praetor in Sicily during 149 BC - 148 BC and was elected consul for 145 BC . After his consulship he went as proconsul to Hispania where he fought and defeated Viriathus in an episode of the Lusitanian War but failed to capture him and the war went on until the fall of Numantia by his brother a decade later . Fabius and his brother were the pupils and patrons of the historian Polybius , who recorded the strong fraternal bond between the brothers , even after their adoption into other houses .
80th Division ( People ' s Republic of China ) History . The 80th Division was a military formation of the People ' s Volunteer Army ( Chinese People ' s Volunteers ( CPV ) or Chinese Communist Forces ( CCF ) ) during the Korean War . They were a component of the 27th Army . On November 28 , 1950 , the 80th Division hit the dispersed U . S . units of Task Force Faith ( RCT 31 ) with waves of infantry . Despite the presence of tracked antiaircraft weapons , the sub - zero cold and the constant Chinese attacks began to take their toll . The fighting was often hand to hand and convinced the ( initial ) U . S . Task Force commander , Colonel MacLean , to order a pullback to form a more consolidated defense . However , during the withdrawal operations his troops came under renewed enemy attack , and in the confusion MacLean was captured by the Chinese . The Task Force Faith page also states that the 81st Division participated in the attack , and that though they were possibly reinforced , comprised 15 , 000 + troops . The 80th Division suffered such severe casualties virtually wiping out Task Force Faith , that they did not reappear on the battlefield until March , 1951 .
Siege of Valenciennes ( 1676 – 77 ) The Siege of Valenciennes took place from November 1676 to March 1677 , during the Franco - Dutch War . A French army besieged the city of Valenciennes , which was then a part of the Spanish Netherlands and defended by a small army of the Holy Roman Empire . The city surrendered to the French on 17 March . It was formally ceded to France the following year in the Treaty of Nijmegen , which ended the war . Context . On the death of Henri de la Tour d ' Auvergne , Vicomte de Turenne at the battle of Salzbach , the French army retreated and recrossed the Rhine . Louis XIV appointed Louis II de Bourbon - Condé to replace him . He stopped the advance of Montecuccoli , and took the seats of Haguenau and Saverne . Tormented by gout , the Grand Condé in Chantilly decided to retire , matched in this by Montecuccoli . Louis XIV did not continue fighting given his capture of Condé and Bouchain . Preparations . In November 1676 , Louvois laid siege to the city of Valenciennes . To prevent Spain from supporting Valenciennes , troops laid siege to St . Omer and Cambrai . Valenciennes was well - fortified . The defenders flooded the surroundings and settled in to wait for reinforcements . Journeying to Valenciennes , Louis XIV was accompanied by his brother and marshals d ' Humières , Schomberg , La Feuillade , Luxembourg and Lorges who were all successful . Vauban commanded the operation . The plan was not to attack the bastions , half - moons and other works , to avoid being seen by the enemy . Against the advice of the marshals , and to the astonishment of the king , Vauban advocated a daylight attack to create surprise and did not give the enemy time to recover from a night vigil . The assault . 17 March at 9 : 00 am , two companies of Musketeer s , a hundred grenadier s , a battalion of Guards and a regiment of Picardy went over the top of the Grand Couronne . They achieved complete surprise and continued killing the enemy . The musketeers lowered the drawbridge and entered the city , progressing from house to house . The city council soon assembled and sent deputies to the King to negotiate surrender . Sources . France Annales historiques De Philippe Le Bas - 1843
Gringo - Gaucho Gringo - Gaucho are a set of maneuvers performed between the Argentine Naval Aviation and United States Navy ' s aircraft carriers . The US Navy refers to them as Southern Seas in their last edition . History . The Argentine Navy continuously operated an aircraft carrier from 1959 to 1990 . When ARA " Veinticinco de Mayo " was retired , it was decided to keep an embarked air group with the hope of operating a carrier again in the future . In order to qualify the pilots , the traditional friendship with the Brazilian Navy has meant that Argentine naval aviators have continued to operate from the deck of the Brazilian aircraft carriers " Minas Gerais " and " São Paulo " during " ARAEX " exercises . The only other choice available was with the United States . As the United States Navy does not maintain regular deployments of aircraft carriers in the South Atlantic it is necessary to wait for one of them to perform a transit within Argentine coastal waters . The opportunities occur when the ships perform a transit around South America to move between the East and West coasts of the United States since they cannot fit through the Panama Canal . The exercise is coordinated by US Naval Forces Southern Command and unlike with the " Sao Paulo " the Argentine aircraft perform Touch - and - go landing s only and do not fully embark on the carriers .
Tomoe Gozen She was also the concubine of Minamoto no Yoshinaka . History . According to one historical account , After defeating the Heike and driving them into the western provinces , Minamoto no Yoshinaka ( Tomoe ' s master ) took Kyoto and desired to be the leader of the Minamoto clan . His cousin Yoritomo was prompted to crush Yoshinaka , and sent his brothers Yoshitsune and Noriyori to kill him . Yoshinaka fought Yoritomo ' s forces at the Battle of Awazu on February 21 , 1184 , where Tomoe Gozen purportedly took at least one head of the enemy . Although Yoshinaka ' s troops fought bravely , they were outnumbered and overwhelmed . When Yoshinaka was defeated there , with only a few of his soldiers standing , he told Tomoe Gozen to flee because he wanted to die with his foster brother Imai no Shiro Kanehira and he said that he would be ashamed if he died with a woman . There are varied accounts of what followed . At Battle of Awazu in 1184 , she is known for beheading Honda no Moroshige of Musashi . She is also known for having killed Uchida Ieyoshi and for escaping capture by Hatakeyama Shigetada . After the battle , according to " Heike Monogatari " she gave up the sword . It is also said that she was defeated by Wada Yoshimori and became his wife . After Wada died , she was said to have become a nun in Echizen . These different stories are what give the story of Tomoe Gozen its intrigue . She was never proven to have been a historical figure so she could also be an invention of the author of " Heike Monogatari " . However , the grave of Yoshinaka ' s other female attendant Yamabuki Gozen does exist and most of the incidents in " The Tale of the Heike " are believed by historians to be true . In popular culture . As one of the very rare examples of warrior women in Japanese history , Tomoe has been incarnated as characters in several anime .
USS DeLong ( DE - 684 ) USS DeLong ( DE - 684 ) was a built at Quincy , Massachusetts , was launched on 23 November 1943 and was commissioned on 31 December 1943 , Lt . Comdr . R . C . Houston in command . It was named after Weldon Fader DeLong , who was posthumously awarded the Navy Cross for his action at Guadalcanal . During World War II " DeLong " served primarily as a training ship for officers and men that were about to embark on ships assigned to anti - submarine warfare ( ASW ) duties . In early 1946 " DeLong " was decommissioned and assigned to the Reserve Fleet at Green Cove Springs , Florida . Following the outbreak of hostilities in Korea , " DeLong " was reactivated and on 7 February 1951 was again commissioned . After a short training period " DeLong " was assigned to Escort Squadron Eight , Destroyer Force , U . S . Atlantic Fleet . During this period of service " DeLong " participated in several Fleet Exercises and Midshipmen Cruises . In addition to routine fleet support missions , " DeLong " often served as a training ship for the Fleet Sonar School , Key West , Florida . On 3 January 1958 , " DeLong " was assigned Group II status , joining the newly formed Reserve ASW Program in the 3d Naval District . During the Berlin Crisis of 1960 - 1961 , " DeLong " was assigned to the U . S . Atlantic Fleet as part of Escort Squadron 18 and homeported in Newport , Rhode Island . During this period " DeLong " operated extensively in the Caribbean area . On 1 August 1961 , " DeLong " resumed her Group II status , operating under Commander , Naval Reserve Destroyer Division , 3d Naval District . " DeLong " was decommissioned and struck from naval records in the late 1960s and was sunk as a target on 19 February 1970 . A 1 / 300 scale plastic model kit of the Rudderow - Class USS Delong is available by Lindberg models www . lindbergmodels . com
Adjutant Corps The Israeli Adjutant Corps is a support corps in the IDF Human Resources Directorate . Its current commander is Brigadier General Arie Dahan . The corps ' s designation is to assist IDF commanders in dealing with manpower , as well as soldiers ' individual problems . It employs an adjutant officer ( as well as assistants ) in almost every unit , as well as a liaison officer in reserve units , who is responsible for the manpower aspect of the unit , as well as attending to the reservists ' individual needs . History . The corps was created on May 22 , 1977 as one of three corps established as a conclusion to drawing lesson from the IDF ' s shortcomings in the Yom Kippur War . During the war , the hasty manner in which reserve troops were called to service as well as the reconstitution of fighting units , especially critically needed tank crews , posed special problems for the Manpower Directorate , ones which the corps is designed to address . The idea to create an adjutant corps was raised before the Yom Kippur War , but was not implemented . After the war , the necessity of the corps was understood and the Chief of Staff of the time , Mordechai Gur , in a meeting with senior officers from the Manpower Directorate ( now Human Resources Directorate ) , decided on its creation . The Adjutant Corps transferred from the Human Resources Directorate to the GOC Army Headquarters during the course of 2006 , and the official responsibility for the corps passed to the command on January 1 of that year . However , after a while it was decided to transfer it back to the Human Resources Directorate , and it was moved on June 2008 . Training . Adjutant Corps personnel are trained in Training Base 11 located in Tzrifin next to Prison Four and Training Base 6 .
Robert W . McNitt Robert W . McNitt ( July 29 , 1915 – August 12 , 2012 ) was an American United States Navy admiral who was dean of admissions at the United States Naval Academy for more than a decade . During World War II , he was an executive officer to the submarine " USS Barb " which served in the Pacific and was credited with sinking 29 Japanese ships . He received two Silver Star s , including one for rescuing Allied prisoners of war . One year after retiring in 1971 , McNitt was appointed the first civilian dean of admissions at the Naval Academy .