naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
John Essebagger , Jr . John Essebagger , Jr . ( October 29 , 1928 – April 25 , 1951 ) was a soldier in the United States Army during the Korean War . He posthumously received the Medal of Honor for his actions on April 25 , 1951 . Essebagger joined the Army from his birthplace in 1950 . He is buried in Pilgrim Home Cemetery , Holland , Michigan . Medal of Honor citation . Rank and organization : Corporal , U . S . Army , Company A , 7th Infantry Regiment , 3d Infantry Division Place and date : Near Popsudong , Korea , April 25 , 1951 Entered service at : Holland , Mich . Born : October 29 , 1928 , Holland , Mich . G . O . No . : 61 , April 24 , 1952 Citation : Cpl . Essebagger , a member of Company A , distinguished himself by conspicuous gallantry and outstanding courage above and beyond the call of duty in action against the enemy . Committed to effect a delaying action to cover the 3d Battalion ' s withdrawal through Company A , Cpl . Essebagger , a member of 1 of 2 squads maintaining defensive positions in key terrain and defending the company ' s right flank , had participated in repulsing numerous attacks . In a frenzied banzai charge the numerically superior enemy seriously threatened the security of the planned route of withdrawal and isolation of the small force . Badly shaken , the grossly outnumbered detachment started to fall back and Cpl . Essebagger , realizing the impending danger , voluntarily remained to provide security for the withdrawal . Gallantly maintaining a l - man stand , Cpl . Essebagger raked the menacing hordes with crippling fire and , with the foe closing on the position , left the comparative safety of his shelter and advanced in the face of overwhelming odds , firing his weapon and hurling grenades to disconcert the enemy and afford time for displacement of friendly elements to more tenable positions . Scorning the withering fire and bursting shells , Cpl . Essebagger continued to move forward , inflicting destruction upon the fanatical foe until he was mortally wounded . Cpl . Essebagger ' s intrepid action and supreme sacrifice exacted a heavy toll in enemy dead and wounded , stemmed the onslaught , and enabled the retiring squads to reach safety . His valorous conduct and devotion to duty reflected lasting glory upon himself and was in keeping with the noblest traditions of the infantry and the U . S . Army .
2 / 7th Armoured Regiment ( Australia ) The 2 / 7th Armoured Regiment was an armoured regiment of the Australian Army . Raised for service during World War II in October 1941 , it was initially intended to serve in the Middle East , however due to the changing nature of the war and manpower shortages , the regiment never saw service outside of Australia before being disbanded in January 1944 . History . The 2 / 7th Armoured Regiment was formed as part of the Second Australian Imperial Force on 9 October 1941 at Greta , New South Wales . Under the command of Lieutenant Colonel P . G . H Cardale , the regiment was assigned to the 1st Armoured Brigade . Upon formation , the regiment was established with a regimental headquarters and three squadrons , designated ' A ' , ' B ' and ' C ' . At this time it was believed that the regiment would be deployed to the Middle East where they would be employed against the armoured formations of the German and Italian forces , however , initially there were not enough tanks in Australia with which to equip the newly formed units of the 1st Armoured Division and as a result in December the regiment was equipped with Universal Carrier s and wheeled vehicles while it undertook training . It was transferred to Singleton , New South Wales , at this time . The delay in equipping the units of the 1st Armoured Division meant that their deployment was set back . Initially it had been planned to deploy the 2 / 7th Armoured Regiment , along with the rest of the 1st Armoured Brigade , in December 1941 , however , this was not possible . Shortly thereafter , the Japan ese bombing of Pearl Harbor and invasion Malaya meant that the decision was made not to send the 1st Armoured Division to the Middle East as the situation in the Pacific had the potential to directly threaten the Australian mainland . In June 1942 the regiment was re - equipped with M3 Grant tanks and following this , in August , the 2 / 7th Regiment moved to Edgeroi , New South Wales , where they participated in large - scale armoured exercises . In October and November ' A ' Squadron was re - equipped with M3 Stuart light tanks . During January to March 1943 the 2 / 7th Armoured Regiment moved to Mingenew , Western Australia , with the rest of the 1st Armoured Division to undertake garrison duties . The changing strategic outlook that following the Allied victories around Buna and on Guadalcanal , coupled with the manpower shortages in the Australian Army and the wider economy at this time led to the disbandment of 1st Armoured Division in September . After this , the 2 / 7th Armoured Regiment remained in Western Australia and was re - assigned to the 1st Armoured Brigade Group . Nevertheless , on 7 January 1944 , the 2 / 7th was also disbanded , having never seen action . Commanding officers . The following is a list of officers that commanded the 2 / 7th Armoured Regiment :
O Chin - u Marshal O Chin - u ( March 8 , 1917 - February 25 , 1995 ) was a soldier and politician of North Korea . He was the Minister of Armed Forces for many years until his death in February 1995 . O was the third most powerful person in North Korea , after Kim Il - sung and Kim Jong - il . Very little is known about him except for the fact that he served with Kim Il - sung ' s partisan unit and eventually rose through the ranks of the North Korean Army . He distinguished himself during the Korean War and was a trusted advisor of the North Korean leader until his death , also being his chief guard in 1945 . O Chin - u rose rapidly through military ranks : he was appointed chief of general staff of the Korean People ' s Air Force in 1958 , vice - minister of People ' s Security in 1962 , general in 1963 , director of the KPA General Political Bureau in 1967 and Chief of General Staff in 1968 . This concurred with his ascent to the top leadership of the Workers ' Party of Korea , becoming Central Committee member in 1954 , Political Committee ( former name of the Politburo ) member in 1966 , Secretariat member in 1968 and Presidium member in 1977 . Extremely close to Kim Il - sung , he is credited among the top officials who " proposed " Kim Jong - il to be Kim Il - sung ' s heir at a Central Committee plenum in 1974 . A deputy to the Supreme People ' s Assembly since 1960 , O Chin - u was appointed member of the top Central People ' s Committee immediately after its establishment in 1972 , as well as vice - chairman of the National Defence Commission and minister of the People ' s Armed Forces in 1976 . He was also promoted to Vice Marshal in 1982 and Marshal in 1990 . After Kim Jong - il was made Chairman of the National Defence Commission in 1993 , O Chin - u replaced him as its first vice - chairman . He also was the second ranking member of the Kim Il - sung funeral committee in 1994 , immediately beneath Kim Jong - il . He was also the last surviving Politburo Presidium member along with the new leader . O died of lung cancer in 1995 , a year after Kim Il - sung . He received medical treatment in France . When he died , Kim Jong - il left the minister ’ s position vacant for more than seven months before naming a new minister , Choi Kwang . He was one of three military officer s in the North Korean Armed Forces who reached rank of Marshal with the title " Marshal of the Korean People ' s Army " .
Garrison Garrison ( various spellings ) ( from the French " garnison " , itself from the verb " garnir " , " to equip " ) is the collective term for a body of troop s stationed in a particular location , originally to guard it , but now often simply using it as a home base . The garrison is usually in a city , town , fort , castle or similar . " Garrison town " is a common expression for any town that has a military base nearby . Arab garrison . " Garrison towns " ( ) were used during the Arab Islamic conquests of Middle Eastern lands by Arab - Muslim armies to increase their dominance over indigenous populations . In order to occupy non - Arab , non - Islamic areas , nomadic Arab tribesmen were taken from the desert by the ruling Arab elite , conscripted into Islamic armies , and settled into garrison towns as well as given a share in the spoils of war . The primary utility of the Arab - Islamic garrisons was to control the indigenous non - Arab peoples of these conquered and occupied territories , and to serve as garrison bases to launch further Islamic military campaigns into yet - undominated lands . A secondary aspect of the Arab - Islamic garrisons was the uprooting of the aforementioned nomadic Arab tribesmen from their original home regions in the Arabian Peninsula in order to proactively avert these tribal peoples , and particularly their young men , from revolting against the Islamic state established in their midst . British and Irish garrison . In the United Kingdom , " Garrison " also specifically refers to any of the major military stations such as Aldershot , Catterick , Colchester , Tidworth , Bulford , and London , which have more than one barracks or camp and their own military headquarters , usually commanded by a Colonel , Brigadier or Major - General , assisted by a Garrison Sergeant Major . In Ireland , Association football ( as distinct from Gaelic football ) has historically been termed the " garrison game " or the " garrison sport " for its connections with British military serving in Irish cities and towns . Israeli garrison . In Israel , a " garrison unit " ( ) is a regular unit defending a specified Israeli zone in need of protection from attack from combatants . Israeli garrison units placed in the disputed territories of Judea and Samaria / West Bank are recognized under UN Resolution 242 as occupied pending peaceful recognition by all regional combatants . Ancient Rome garrison . It was an old custom in ancient Italy to send out colonies for the purpose of securing new conquests . The Romans , having no standing army , used to plant bodies of their own citizens in conquered towns as a kind of garrison .
Up An ' Atom Up An ' Atom was the name of a B - 29 Superfortress ( B - 29 - 36 - MO 44 - 27304 , Victor number 88 ) configured during World War II in the Silverplate project to carry an atomic bomb . History . Assigned to the 393d Bomb Squadron , 509th Composite Group , it was built at the Glenn L . Martin Aircraft Plant at Omaha , Nebraska , accepted by the Army Air Forces on April 3 , 1945 , and flown to Wendover Army Air Field , Utah , by its assigned crew B - 10 ( Capt . George W . Marquardt , Aircraft Commander ) . It departed Wendover for North Field , Tinian on June 11 and arrived on June 17 . It was originally assigned the Victor ( unit - assigned identification number ) number 8 but on August 1 was given the triangle N tail markings of the 444th Bomb Group as a security measure and had its Victor changed to 88 to avoid misidentification with actual 444th BG aircraft . It was named and had its nose art painted after the Nagasaki mission . The name is a word play on the colloquial idiom " Up and at ' em " , meaning " There is a lot of work to be done , " and referencing the unit ' s atomic mission . While at Tinian , Marquadt and crew B - 10 flew " Up An ' Atom " on eight training and practice bombing missions and pumpkin bomb missions against industrial targets in Taira and Hamamatsu , Japan . Capt . Bob Lewis ' s crew B - 9 flew it on a pumpkin bomb mission to Tokushima subsequent to the Hiroshima mission , and Lt . Col . James Hopkins and crew C - 14 used it to attack Nagoya with a pumpkin bomb . " Up An ' Atom " returned to the United States with the 509th CG in November 1945 to Roswell Army Airfield . From April to August 1946 it was assigned to the Operation Crossroads task force . In August 1949 it became part of the 97th Bomb Group at Biggs Air Force Base , Texas , and was re - configured as a TB - 29 trainer in April 1950 by the Oklahoma City Air Materiel Area at Tinker Air Force Base . Its subsequent assignments were to : " Up An ' Atom " was dropped from the Air Force inventory in November 1956 . It was transferred to the U . S . Navy and used as a target at the Naval Ordnance Test Station at China Lake , California .
HMAS Narani HMAS " Narani " was an auxiliary minesweeper operated by the Royal Australian Navy ( RAN ) during World War II . " Narani " was requisitioned from the Illawarra & South Coast Steam Navigation Company as auxiliaries . The 381 - ton vessel was armed with a 12 pounder 12cwt QF gun , a 20mm Oerlikon cannon , a . 303 - inch Vickers machine gun , and four Type D depth charge s , and was commissioned into the RAN on 11 June 1941 . During the war , " Narani " , " Uki " , and " Bermagui " made up Group 77 Minesweeper , based at HMAS " Maitland " , in Newcastle , New South Wales . Returned to her owners on 10 July 1946 , she plied the coastal trade until 1951 when she was sold to New Guinea Borneo Mangrove Co . , Port Moresby . She was broken up in 1954 .
601 Commando Company The 601 Commando Company ( ) is a special operations unit of the Argentine Army , created on January 5 , 1982 . It was based on the original " Equipo Especial Halcón 8 " created by Lt . Colonel Mohamed Alí Seineldín in 1978 . The commander of this unit in the Falklands War ( ) was 34 - year - old Major Mario Castagneto . The Company was divided in three assault sections . One of the sections shot down a RAF Harrier GR3 at Port Howard and defeated an SAS patrol near Many Branch Ridge , in West Falkland . Captain Gavin Hamilton was killed in this action . On 7 June members of the company uncovered a British Observation Post near Murrell Bridge , northwest of Stanley , which was manned by members of the 3rd Battalion of the Parachute Regiment , at the approximated position . After a gun - battle lasting some 40 minutes , the British abandoned the outpost , leaving behind much of their equipment . The outcome of this engagement compelled the British to set Observation Posts closer to their own lines . According to the British version of events : " On 6 June two patrols under Corporals Brown and Haddon rendezvoused 200 yards north of the Murrell Bridge and observed an enemy patrol crossing the skyline to the east of the river ( . . . ) They were forced to evacuate their position rapidly , leaving behind their packs and radio , but succeeded in withdrawing without suffering any casualties . The location was checked on the evening of 8 June by another patrol , but there was no sign of the packs or radio , which meant the battalion ' s radio net could have been compromised . " The company is based on Campo de Mayo , Buenos Aires Province . The members of the unit wear green berets with unit badges .
Byeong " Byong " or " byeong " ( Korean : " 병 " , " 兵 " ) is a military term used in the armed forces of South Korea to describe a soldier , airman , sailor , or marine who holds a junior enlisted rank . The North Korean equivalent to the rank is somewhat ambiguous . Enlisted personnel under an NCO would be called as " byeong " or " byeongsa " ( 병사 , 兵士 ) as it is a general term in Korean language for a soldier , but it is not a rank in itself . The rank of " byeong " is divided into four classes those being : Etymology . The Sino - Korean word component " " byeong " " means " soldier " literally , used in a wide variety of words related with soldiers , like in " busang - byeong " ( a wounded soldier ) ( Korean : " 부상병 " , " 負傷兵 " ) , but rarely ( usually in technical context in armed forces ) " per se " . Some South Korean " byeongjang " who work closely with their American military counterparts are frequently addressed as " sergeant " or the equivalent E - 5 term in English by the U . S . military . This varies however by unit . In a similar vein , some American E - 5s are called " hasa " by the ROK members , as their status is one of an NCO . History . The various ranks of " byeong " are denoted by stripes worn laterally on a service member ' s left sleeve . An even lower rank , that of " mudeungbyeong " ( Korean : 무등병 , Hanja : 無等兵 , lit . " soldier with no rank " ) , also known as " hulyeonbyeong " ( Korean : 훈련병 , Hanja : 訓鍊兵 , lit . " trainee soldier " ) , is usually believed to be held by enlisted recruit s in basic training , and those recruits are not allowed to have any insignia on their uniform until they finish the training course , but they are actually regarded to be " ideungbyeong " ( the lowest " byeong " rank ) officially . In most comparative military scales , a " byeongjang " is considered the equivalent of a non - commissioned officer equal to a sergeant . The South Korean military , however , does not generally grant NCO powers to a service member until obtaining the rank of " hasa " . Still , " byeongjang " in South Korea is exceptionally considered as an NCO when holding the squad leader position . The word " byeong " ( soldier ) has a natural context that personnel in those ranks are not in commanding responsibilities , thus not NCOs at all . They are strictly distinguished from the ranks above in many respects . Personnel with ranks of " hasa " or above are called " ganbu " ( Korean : " 간부 " , " 幹部 " , lit . " the executive members " ) , as an antonym of " byeong " . South Korea ' s South Korean military are retained by the conscription system . If a person is enlisted to an armed force and has not applied for NCO or officer , then his highest rank until he finishes the mandatory service term ( 21 months in case of the ROK Army , as of 2012 ) is to be the highest rank of " byeong " ( i . e . " byeongjang " ) .
20th Surveillance and Target Acquisition Regiment , Royal Australian Artillery The 20th Surveillance and Target Acquisition Regiment , Royal Australian Artillery is an Australian Army Regiment which was raised in 2006 . The Regiment is responsible for providing the Australian Army with artillery spotting and tactical reconnaissance . The Regiment is based at Gallipoli Barracks in Enoggera , Queensland . Under current plans , the regiment will consist of : All elements of the Regiment other than the 131st Surveillance and Target Acquisition Battery are currently being formed . The 132nd UAV Battery was to operate the Army ' s Israel Aircraft Industries I - View UAVs from 2010 , but the acquisition of these UAVs was canceled in 2009 . The Regiment currently operates Boeing ScanEagle UAVs , and has deployed UAV detachments to Iraq and Afghanistan . On on 1 March 2010 , 20STA became part of the re - raised 6th Brigade . After the cancellation of the I - View , in August 2010 the AAI Shadow 200 was approved for purchase , with the first systems expected to be operating in Australian hands by the end of 2011 .
List of Brigade of Gurkhas recipients of the Victoria Cross The Victoria Cross ( VC ) is a military decoration that may be bestowed upon members of the British or Commonwealth armed forces for acts of valour or gallantry performed in the face of the enemy . Within the British honours system and those of many Commonwealth nations it is the highest award a soldier can receive for actions in combat . It was established in 1856 and since then has been awarded 1 , 356 times , including three service personnel who were awarded the VC twice . The British Army ' s Brigade of Gurkhas , a group of units composed of Nepal ese soldiers — although originally including British officers — has been a part of the Army since 1815 . When raised it originally focused on conflicts in the Far East , but the transfer of Hong Kong from British to Chinese hands necessitated that the brigade move its base to the UK . A battalion is still maintained in Brunei and as of 2009 , units serve in Afghanistan , Iraq and the Balkans . Since the VC was introduced it has been awarded to Gurkha s or British officers serving with Gurkha regiments 26 times . The first award was made in 1858 to a British officer of the Gurkhas , John Tytler , during the campaigns that followed the Indian Rebellion of 1857 , while the first award to a native Gurkha , Kulbir Thapa , was in 1915 during the First World War . When the Victoria Cross was initially established , Gurkhas , along with all other native troops of the British East India Company Army or the British Indian Army , were not eligible for the decoration and as such , up until 1911 , all of the Gurkha recipients of the award were British officers who were attached to Gurkha regiments . Until that time the highest award that Gurkhas were eligible for was the Indian Order of Merit . Since 1911 however , of the 16 VCs awarded to men serving with Gurkha regiments , 13 have been bestowed upon native Gurkhas . The most recent award was made in 1965 to Rambahadur Limbu , during the Indonesia – Malaysia confrontation . Along with the Royal Green Jackets , the Gurkha Regiments are one of the most heavily decorated Commonwealth regiments . In 1950 , when India became a republic , Gurkhas serving in the Gurkha regiments of the Indian Army lost their eligibility for the Victoria Cross and they are now covered under the separate Indian honours system . Under this system the Param Vir Chakra ( PVC ) , which is India ' s highest military decoration for valour , is considered to be equivalent to the Victoria Cross . As such only those serving in the Gurkha units of the British Army remain eligible for the Victoria Cross .
Vedette The French military term vedette ( formed from Latin " videre " , to see ) , also spelled vidette , migrated into English and other languages to refer to a mounted sentry or outpost , who has the function of bringing information , giving signals or warnings of danger , etc . , to a main body of troop s . In modern terms , the soldiers who man listening - posts are the equivalent of vedettes . All around Salisbury Plain in southern England , the roads connecting the plain with the surrounding countryside feature a brick - built guard - post , manned by security officers whenever there is military activity beyond that point . They are known as vedettes , each being named for a local geographic feature . The Gardjola ( Maltese for " watch tower " ) in Senglea , Malta is an example of a " vedette " . It may be referred to in French as an échauguette . Navies use the term " vedette " to refer to a small scouting or patrol boat . The term has also been used for specific naval vessels ( see USS " Vedette " ) , and a class of flying boat ( see Canadian Vickers Vedette ) .
7th Canadian Infantry Division The 7th Infantry Division of the Canadian Army was mobilized in the spring of 1942 and assigned for home defence within Atlantic Command . At the time is was assumed it would consist of volunteers and proceed overseas . By the summer of 1942 it became obvious that there would not be enough volunteers , so National Resource Mobilization Act ( NRMA ) conscripts were assigned to the regiments of the Division to bring their numbers up the war establishment strength . This meant that the Division could only be used for home defence , unless the Parliament of Canada ruled that conscripted men could be sent overseas . Two brigades were assembled in the early fall of 1942 in Camp Debert in Nova Scotia with the third at Camp Sussex in New Brunswick . Order of battle . May 1942 16th Canadian Infantry Brigade 17th Canadian Infantry Brigade 18th Canadian Infantry Brigade Aug 1942 15th Canadian Infantry Brigade 17th Canadian Infantry Brigade 20th Canadian Infantry Brigade