naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
James Stewart , 5th High Steward of Scotland James , 5th High Steward of Scotland ( died 16 July 1309 ) was High Steward of Scotland and a Guardian of Scotland during the First Interregnum . Birth and ancestry . James was a son of Alexander Stewart , 4th High Steward of Scotland ; the identity of Alexander ' s wife is unknown . The date of his birth is not certainly known and some sources have placed it , on no good evidence , as early as 1243 . This is now thought to be unlikely . Firstly , James ' s father is known to have planned a pilgrimage to the shrine of Saint James of Compostella in 1252 or after , so that James would probably have been born after this . Secondly , James ' s Christian name was an unusual one , uncommon in Scotland in the 13th century and not a traditional name in the Stewart family where Walter and Alan were favoured . It is therefore quite possible that he was not Alexander ' s eldest son , but rather the eldest surviving son . For these reasons , and also the fact of his son and successor Walter Stewart being described as a " beardless lad " around 1314 in John Barbour ' s " The Brus " , it is proposed that James was born around 1260 . Early years . In 1286 James was chosen as one of the six Guardians of Scotland . He subsequently submitted to King Edward I of England on 9 July 1297 , and was one of the auditors for the competitor , Robert Bruce , 5th Lord of Annandale . However , during the Wars of Scottish Independence he joined Sir William Wallace . After Wallace ' s defeat at the Battle of Falkirk in 1298 , he gave his support to Robert Bruce , later King Robert I of Scotland , grandson of the competitor . Marriage and children . James , 5th High Steward , was either married to Cecilia , daughter of Patrick de Dunbar , 7th Earl of Dunbar & March , or Gilles de Burgh , daughter of Walter de Burgh , 1st Earl of Ulster . By one of these ladies he had issue : Later years and death . In 1302 , with six other ambassadors including John Comyn , Earl of Buchan , he was sent to solicit the aid of the French king against Edward , to whom he was once again compelled to swear fealty at Lanercost on 23 October 1306 . To render his oath if possible secure , it was taken upon the two crosses of Scotland most esteemed for their sanctity , on the consecrated host , the holy gospels , and certain relics of saints . He also agreed to submit to instant excommunication if he should break his allegiance to Edward . Convinced that his faith was to his country in spite of all , he once again took up the Scottish patriotic cause and died in the service of The Bruce in 1309 .
Edward Killen Edward Killen was a sailor of the United States Navy in the 19th century who served in the First Barbary War . Killen joined the Navy on 5 May 1801 as a seaman aboard the schooner " Enterprise " . Accompanying her to the Mediterranean Edward Killen served with skill and devotion , and was promoted to Master ' s Mate on 9 November 1803 . He volunteered for Lieutenant Stephen Decatur ' s daring expedition into Tripoli Harbor on 16 February 1804 to destroy " Philadelphia " , a United States frigate captured by Tripolitan pirates . After successfully completing this mission in " Intrepid " , Killen served on board " Enterprise " until his death on 24 July 1806 . Namesake . The destroyer USS " Killen " ( DD - 593 ) , launched in 1943 and struck in 1963 , was named in his honor .
Battle of Folck ' s Mill The Battle of Folck ' s Mill , also known as the Battle of Cumberland , was a small cavalry engagement , fought August 1 , 1864 , in northern Maryland , as part of the Valley Campaigns of 1864 during the American Civil War . After burning Chambersburg , Pennsylvania , on July 30 , cavalry under Confederate generals John McCausland and Bradley T . Johnson set out for western Maryland towards Cumberland , to disrupt traffic on the Baltimore and Ohio ( B & O ) Railroad and to demand a ransom from the town or torch it as well . At 3 p . m . on August 1 , the Confederates arrived at Folck ' s Mill , east of Cumberland . There , Union Brig . Gen . Benjamin F . Kelley , with three regiments of untested " 100 - days " troops and six pieces of artillery , met the Confederate advance . As the Confederates arrived at the outskirts of town , Kelley ' s artillery fired on the cavalry . Lacking familiarity with the local terrain and the strength of the force he was up against , McCausland decided against an assault and brought up his own artillery . The gunners from both armies dueled until about 8 p . m . , at which point McCausland withdrew , heading southeast to Old Town on the Potomac River . The following day the Confederates prepared to cross the Potomac and head into West Virginia but found the bridges over the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal had been burned by Col . Israel Stough and his regiment of 100 - days troops . Stough deployed his force on the spit of land between the canal and river to contest the Confederate advance toward the river . After initially repulsing a charge by the Confederate cavalry , Stough was forced to retreat across the Potomac when the 21st Virginia successfully constructed a bridge and crossed the canal on his left flank . On the south bank of the river the Federals took cover in a blockhouse on the B & O Railroad and in an armored ordnance train operated by the Potomac Home Brigade that was stopped on the line . McCausland briefly considered an all out charge on the blockhouse , but then thought it wise to first demand its surrender . The Federals in the blockhouse agreed to the terms of surrender , and the Confederates crossed the river and headed to Springfield , West Virginia , where they rested until the 4th . Although the action around Cumberland was tactically inconclusive , Kelley ' s stand likely saved the town from being burned and greater damage being inflicted on the railroads . The stubborn resistance of Stough at the Potomac represented the first time McCausland ' s force had been contested since burning Chambersburg .
66th Infantry Regiment ( United States ) The 66th Infantry Regiment is an infantry regiment in the United States Army . Lineage . Constituted 10 July 1943 in the Regular Army as the 66th Infantry . and Assigned to the 71st Infantry Division . Activated 15 July 1943 at Camp Carson , Colorado . Inactivated 5 – 9 April 1946 at Camp Kilmer , New Jersey . Campaign streamers . World War II
90th Infantry Division ( United States ) The 90th Infantry Division ( " Tough ' Ombres " ) was a unit of the United States Army that served in World War I and World War II . Its lineage is carried on by the 90th Sustainment Brigade . World War II . Combat chronicle . The 90th Infantry Division landed in England , 5 April 1944 , and trained from 10 April to 4 June . First elements of the division saw action on D - Day , 6 June , on Utah Beach , Normandy , the remainder entering combat 10 June , cutting across the Merderet River to take Pont l ' Abbe in heavy fighting . After defensive action along the river Douve , the division attacked to clear the Foret de Mont - Castre ( Hill 122 ) , clearing it by 11 July , in spite of fierce resistance . An attack on the island of Saint - Germain - sur - Sèves failing , 23 July , the 90th bypassed it and took Périers , 27 July . On 12 August , the division drove across the Sarthe River , north and east of Le Mans , and took part in the closing of the Falaise Gap , by reaching 1st Polish Armored Division in Chambois , 19 August . It then raced across France , through Verdun , 6 September , to participate in the siege of Metz , 14 September - 19 November , capturing Maizières - lès - Metz , 30 October , and crossing the Moselle River at Kœnigsmacker , 9 November . Elements of the 90th Infantry assaulted and captured the German - held Fort de Koenigsmacker 9 – 12 November . On 6 December 1944 , the division pushed across the Saar River and established a bridgehead north of Saarlautern ( present - day Saarlouis ) , 6 – 18 December , but with the outbreak of the Gerd von Rundstedt ' s ( Army Group A ) drive , the Battle of the Bulge , withdrew to the west bank on 19 December , and went on the defensive until 5 January 1945 , when it shifted to the scene of the Ardennes struggle , having been relieved along the Saar River by the 94th Infantry Division . It drove across the Our River , near Oberhausen , 29 January , to establish and expand a bridgehead . In February , the division smashed through Siegfried Line fortifications to the Prüm River . After a short rest , the 90th continued across the Moselle River to take Mainz , 22 March , and crossed the rivers Rhine , the Main , and the Werra in rapid succession . Pursuit continued to the Czech border , 18 April 1945 , and into the Sudetes mountain range . The division was en route to Prague when they came upon the remaining 1500 emaciated prisoners left behind by the SS at Flossenbürg concentration camp . Today , a memorial wall at the former camp honors the 90th as the liberators of Flossenbürg concentration camp . A week later , word came that the war in Europe ended on 8 May 1945 .
Royal Suédois The Royal - Suédois ( ) was an infantry regiment in the French Army during the Ancien Régime . It was created in 1690 from Swedish prisoners taken during the Battle of Fleurus . The regiment was very successful and eventually earned the right and privilege to be called a Royal regiment . Thus it was named the Royal Suédois . As a special privilege granted by the King of France , the regiment was allowed to only accept Swedish officers . However most of the privates and NCOs were of German origin , from Swedish Pomerania , in view of the difficulty of obtaining sufficient numbers of Swedish recruits , and at least one Irishman , Daniel Charles , Count O ' Connell , was a Lieutenant - Colonel in the regiment . Initially named the Lenck Regiment , the unit was renamed the Appelgrehn Regiment in 1734 and the Royal - Suedois in 1742 . From about 1750 onwards the regiment was distinguished by wearing dark blue coats with buff ( yellow - brown ) collars and cuffs . This colour combination matched the uniform of most infantry regiments in the Swedish Army during the 17th and 18th centuries . Count Axel von Fersen bought the regiment ( or rather the position of Colonel ) in 1783 , according to some in order to be able to stay close to the Queen of France Marie Antoinette . He remained in command of the Regiment until the beginning of the French Revolution in 1789 , and officially this was the case when , in 1791 , all royal foreign regiments were disbanded . The regiment was then reorganised as the new 89th Regiment of the Line . In December 1813 , the regiment was once again raised by a French émigré in Germany , and it fought in the Swedish Army during the Battle of Leipzig in 1813 and during the campaign in Norway in 1814 . The Royal Suédois was finally disbanded in December 1814 in Norway . Today , the regiment ' s traditions and flag are carried on in the French Army via a company in the 4th Infantry Regiment .
Yulin Naval Base Yulin Naval Base ( 榆林海军基地 ) is a naval base for nuclear submarines along the southern coast of Hainan Island , People ' s Republic of China . This underground base has recently been reported by several agencies , especially Indian ones . The images collected by the Federation of American Scientists ( FAS ) in February 2008 shows that China constructed a large scale underground base for its naval forces . Description . The caverns are capable of hiding up to 20 nuclear submarines from spy satellites . The harbor houses nuclear ballistic missile submarines and is large enough to accommodate aircraft carriers . The US Department of Defense has estimated that China will have five Type 094 nuclear submarines operational by 2010 with each capable of carrying 12 JL - 2 intercontinental ballistic missile s . Two 950 metre piers and three smaller ones would be enough to accommodate two carrier strike groups or amphibious assault ship s . Location . The submarine base is located at the point in Chinese territory that is closest to the continental shelf . It is roughly from the base to the 200 meter isobath . It is to the closest of the disputed Paracel Islands or the city of Da Nang , Vietnam . Speculation has been raised that the base is intended to be expanded to include future capability for aircraft carrier groups . The submarine base is not in a remote location . It is only a few miles from the city of Sanya ( population 536 , 000 in 2006 ) , a popular tourist destination and the site of a major planned future cruise hub . The base is immediately next to the " Yalong Bay National Resort District " featuring resort hotels operated by Banyan Tree , Hilton , Marriot , Sheraton , Ritz Carlton , and Holiday Inn right outside of the entrance . Strategic importance . More than half of the world ' s annual merchant fleet tonnage passes through the Strait of Malacca , Sunda Strait , and Lombok Strait , with the majority continuing on into the South China Sea . Tanker traffic through the Strait of Malacca leading into the South China Sea is more than three times greater than Suez Canal traffic , and well over five times more than the Panama Canal . The People ' s Republic of China ( PRC ) has stated its claim to almost the entire body of water . The base raises concern over security threats to ASEAN nations and India since it has the capability to cut off all commercial activity in the Strait of Malacca and South China Sea in case a crisis occurs .
49th Air Division The 49th Air Division ( 49th AD ) is an inactive United States Air Force unit . Its last assignment was with the United States Air Forces in Europe , based at RAF Sculthorpe , England . It was inactivated on 1 July 1956 . History . The unit ' s origins begin with its predecessor , the World War II 49th Bombardment Wing ( 49th BW ) was part of Fifteenth Air Force . The 47th BW engaged in heavy bombardment B - 24 Liberator operations against Germany . World War II . The 49th Air Division was established and activated at Columbia Army Airbase , South Carolina in March 1943 as a medium bomber ( B - 25 Mitchell ) operational training wing ( OTW ) . It was reassigned to Greenville Army Airbase , South Carolina in April where it commanded training of B - 25 bomb groups in the southeast prior to their overseas deployment . It was decided to redesignate the wing as the 49th Bombardment Wing ( Heavy ) and prepare it to command B - 24 Liberator heavy bomb groups as part of Fifteenth Air Force in late 1943 . Groups assigned to the wing were the 461st and 484th , training at Hammer Field , California and Harvard AAF , Nebraska . After the wing deployed to Bari , Italy in March 1944 , a third group , the 451st was transferred to the wing from the 47th Bomb Wing . As part of Fifteenth Air Force the groups of the 49th BW attacked such targets as oil refineries , marshalling yards , aircraft factories , bridges , and airfields in Italy , Germany , Austria , and Bulgaria . Subordinate units inflicted heavy damage on the oil refineries at Ploesti , participated in the invasion of southern France in August 1944 , and supported the final advances of Allied armies in northern Italy in April 1945 . The wing was inactivated in Italy onn 16 October 1945 . Cold War . Beginning in 1947 , the 49th served in the Reserve for two years as a B - 29 Superfortress organization , during which time it was redesignated as an Air Division and controlled the 100th Bomb Group ( later Wing ) at Miami AAF and the 380th Bomb Group ( later Wing ) at MacDill AFB in Florida As a result of the expansion of the United States Air Forces in Europe , the division moved to England and served as a command and control organization . No combat elements were assigned , but the 20th Fighter - Bomber Wing ( RAF Wethersfield ) ; the 47th Bombardment Wing ( RAF Sculthorpe ) and the 81st Fighter - Bomber Wing at RAF Bentwaters were attached for operations . The division supervised and participated in numerous training missions such as Quick Shot , Kingpin , and Bear Claw before it was inactivated on 1 July 1956 as a result of a budgetary reduction .
Arthur Somers - Cocks , 6th Baron Somers Lieutenant - Colonel Arthur Herbert Tennyson Somers - Cocks , 6th Baron Somers , KCMG , DSO , MC , DL ( 20 March 1887 , Freshwater , Isle of Wight – 14 July 1944 , Eastnor Castle , Hereford ) , son of Herbert Haldane Somers - Cocks by Blanche Margaret Standish Clogstoun . He was an Army Officer in World War I , a British administrator and served as the 16th Governor of the State of Victoria , Australia between 1926 and 1931 . Life . In 1906 he joined the 1st Regiment of Life Guards of the British Army , later taking leave to farm in Canada before rejoining his regiment in 1914 at the start of World War I . He commanded the 6th Battalion of the new Tank Corps in 1918 . He was twice wounded , mentioned in dispatches , awarded the Military Cross , the Distinguished Service Order , and appointed to the Légion d ' honneur . A Freemason , he was initiated in the House Brigade Lodge 18 years before he arrived in Victoria , he served as the Grand Master of the United Grand Lodge of Victoria between 1927 - 1932 . He was appointed Chief Commissioner of the Boy Scouts in 1932 , was deputy Chief Scout from 1935 to 1941 , and was designated by Lord Baden - Powell , the founder of the Scout Movement , who had been Chief Scout of the World , as his successor as Chief Scout . He was appointed as Chief Scout of the British Empire in March 1941 , on the death of Baden - Powell . He served until his death in 1944 . He was succeeded by Lord Rowallan . Lord Somers married Daisy Finola Meeking in 1921 and had issue , an only daughter : In 1929 , at his own expense , he brought together teenage boys from different backgrounds in Australia to what was named Lord Somers Camp which continues to this day . Somers revisited Australia and his camp in 1933 , and again in 1937 when , as president of the Marylebone Cricket Club , he accompanied the English touring team . Cricket . Lord Somers was also an able cricketer , and played 17 first - class games . In 1904 , whilst a schoolboy at Charterhouse , he made 115 against Westminster , and two years later he made his first - class debut for MCC against Worcestershire , scoring 0 and 13 . He rarely had enough time to play cricket , but in the 1920s he made a further 16 first - class appearances " for " Worcestershire , his highest score being 52 against Essex in May 1925 . Lord Somers became both a vice - president of Worcestershire CCC and , in 1936 , President of MCC . He should not be confused with the Arthur Somers - Cocks who played ten games for Barbados around the turn of the twentieth century . Freemasonry . He was a freemason . During his term as Governor of Victoria ( 1926 - 1931 ) , he was also Grand Master of Victoria ' s Grand Lodge .
Alexander Dirom General Alexander Dirom . Born 21 May 1757 . Died Annan 6 October 1830 . He was appointed Ensign in the 61st Regiment of Foot on 8 Dec . 1778 and Lt . in the 88th Foot 13 Oct . 1779 . He served with the regiment in Barbados ( 1780 ) and Jamaica ( 1780 – 84 ) as Military Secretary to the GoC and Major of Brigade . He exchanged in to the 60th ( Royal American Regiment of Foot , later Kings Royal Rifle Corps ) as a Captain in 1781 and in 1783 went to St Domingo to negotiate an exchange of Prisoners of War . In 1784 he returned to England . He was Aide - de - Camp to Major General Sir Archibald Campbell ( Gov . Gen . and Commander in Chief at Madras ) and subsequently served in India against Tippoo Sahib in the Third Mysore War . Fellow Royal Society 10 July 1795 . Son of Alexander Dirom , Provost of Banff and Anne née Fotheringham , he was brother of Sophia who married George Duff . Married Edinburgh 3 August 1793 Magdalen Pasley ( born Lisbon 6 January 1772 , died Annan 23 October 1853 ) . 12 recorded children including Lt John Pasley Dirom , Sophia Dirom , Captain Alexander Dirom , Robert Dirom , Andrew Dirom , William Maxwell Dirom , Francis Moira Dirom and Admiral James Dirom . There is a " school of Raeburn " 3 / 4 length portrait , supposedly of him , which has Dirom ' s face painted onto an ensign in the red uniform of a regiment to which Dirom never belonged .
Coast Guard Flight Officer Badge The Coast Guard Flight Officer Badge is a military badge of the United States Coast Guard that was issued until approximately 1988 . A Naval Aviation Observer insignia for Coast Guard personnel was first created in 1920 as a means of recognizing Coast Guard co - pilots and aircraft in - flight support personnel . The badge was the equivalent of the Naval Aviation Observer insignia for USN and USMC personnel . During the Second World War , issuance of the Coast Guard Aviation Observer insignia reached its peak , and the decoration was awarded throughout the Korean War . In the late 1960s , the Coast Guard Aviation Observer insignia began to be phased out due to a change in the structure of aviation training and the elimination of the title of Coast Guard Aviation Observers from approved aviation billets . In the mid - 1980s , the Coast Guard Flight Officer insignia was briefly reinstated in the Coast Guard when the service took temporary custody of two E - 2C Hawkeye aircraft from the U . S . Navy . This was part of an initiative to stand up a larger complement of Coast Guard E - 2C aircraft , primarily in the counternarcotics and drug interdiction roles , augmented by Coast Guard HC - 130 s that would also be equipped with similar radar systems . The Coast Guard Flight Officer insignia is similar to the Naval Flight Officer insignia , minus the crossed sea anchors . The service recruited E - 2C NFOs from the Navy , recommisioning them in the Coast Guard , as well as selecting a number of serving Coast Guard officers for NFO training . A fatal Coast Guard E - 2C aircraft mishap in the early 1990s spelled the end of the Coast Guard E - 2C and enhanced HC - 130 programs and the service transferred the remaining E - 2C aircraft back to the Navy . In the 21st - century Coast Guard , the Coast Guard Flight Officer Badge has been declared obsolete , although it is still authorized for wear on Coast Guard uniforms .
Frank T . Hines Frank Thomas Hines ( 1879 – 1960 ) was a United States military officer and head of the U . S . Veterans Bureau ( later Veteran ' s Administration ) from 1923 to 1945 . Hines took over as head of the Veterans Bureau after a series of scandals discredited the agency . He was considered a " man of stern honesty . " In response to the scandals the field service was " centralized to establish strict controls and accountability . " Hines was born in Salt Lake City , Utah Territory , on April 11 , 1879 . He joined the Utah Light Artillery in 1898 and served in the United States military during the Spanish – American War , becoming a second lieutenant . He was a captain by World War I , was promoted three times in 1918 , and as a brigadier general served as chief of the Embarkation Service with responsibility for transporting more than 2 million soldiers to Europe in 18 months and shipping them home in 8 months . He retired from the army in 1920 and became president of the Baltic Steamship Company . Hines served as the administrator of the Veterans Bureau from his appointment by President Harding in 1923 to 1930 , then as the first administrator of its successor , the Veteran ' s Administration , from 1930 to 1945 , when President Truman replaced him with Gen . Omar Bradley . He opposed the payment of the Veterans Bonus to World War I veterans . He then served as United States Ambassador to Panama and negotiated an agreement for the United States to lease bases there , where troops had been stationed during the war . The Panama Assembly rejected the agreement by a unanimous vote . Hines resigned in 1947 , effective March 1 , 1948 , to become an executive with Acacia Life Insurance Company . Hines was a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter - day Saints . Until shortly before his death he served as a director of Acacia Life . Hines died of pneumonia on April 3 , 1960 , in Mount Alto Veterans Hospital in Washington , D . C . He is buried in Arlington National Cemetery .