naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
Flagstaff House Flagstaff House is the oldest example of British - style architecture remaining in Hong Kong . It is located in 10 Cotton Tree Drive , Central - within the Hong Kong Park . It has been a longtime residence of the Commander of the British forces in Hong Kong during colonial times . Today Flagstaff House houses the Museum of Tea Ware . The building is a popular setting for wedding photography . History . Flagstaff House had been named as Headquarter House until 1932 . There is some disagreement as to who designed it , but it was completed in 1846 and initially served as the military headquarters office and residence of the Commander of the British forces in Hong Kong . The site chosen was a small bluff above the barracks and above Queen ' s Road , then at the waterfront . The building was designed in Greek revival style . Historians suspect it was designed either by Murdoch Bruce , a Scottish who was inspector of buildings , or by Lieutenant Bernard , collinson of the Sappers . The first occupant was Major - General George Charles D ' Aguilar , General Officer Commanding from 1844 to 1846 who also held the post of Lieutenant Governor . The west and east wings were shelled during the Japanese invasion , and it suffered bomb damage . The Japan ese repaired it and the Commandant took the building as his residence during the occupation . After the war , Flagstaff House was again the Commander ' s residence until 1978 , when the Commander moved to a purpose built house on Barker Road . It was handed over by the military to the civilian Hong Kong Government as part of the surrender of Victoria Barracks . The Government put it under the responsibility of the Urban Council in 1981 . The building was declared a monument in 1989 . It was restored as far as possible to its original mid - 19th - century appearance , structurally reinforced , and the interior was to be modified so that it could be used as a museum . Museum of Tea Ware . In 1984 , the Flagstaff House was converted into the Flagstaff House Museum of Tea Ware , a branch museum of the Hong Kong Museum of Art . The museum specializes in the collection , study and display of teaware , including many samples of the Yixing teapot , from Jiangsu Province of China , as well as the world ' s oldest known extant teapot . A new wing , the K . S . Lo Gallery , was added in 1995 . It is named after a local collector , which made a donation to the city in the 1970s . This donation now constitutes the core of the museum ' s collection . The new gallery contains a collection of ceramics and Chinese seal s .
German submarine U - 536 German submarine " U - 536 " was a Type IXC U - boat of the Nazi German " Kriegsmarine " during World War II . She was laid down at the " Deutsche Werft " ( yard ) in Hamburg as ' werk ' 347 on 7 January 1942 , launched on 26 August and commissioned on 11 November with " Kapitänleutnant " Rolf Schauenburg in command . " U - 536 " began her service career with training as part of the 4th U - boat Flotilla from 13 January 1943 . She was re - assigned to the 2nd flotilla for operations on 1 June . She carried out two patrols , but did not sink any ships . She was a member of one wolfpack . She was sunk in November 1943 northeast of the Azores by one British and two Canadian warships . Operational career . 1st patrol . The boat departed Kiel on 1 June 1943 , moved through the North Sea , negotiated the ' gap ' between Iceland and the Faroe Islands and entered the Atlantic Ocean . She entered Lorient , on the French Atlantic coast , on 9 July . 2nd patrol and loss . Her second foray took her as far as the Gulf of St . Lawrence , but on the return leg she was sunk on 20 November 1943 northeast of the Azores by depth charge s from a British frigate , HMS " Nene " and two Canadian corvettes , HMCS " Snowberry " and " Calgary " . Thirty - eight men died ; there were seventeen survivors .
Faciat Georgius The Faciat Georgius was an unofficial United States Marine Corps medal given to officers on Guadalcanal . History . After the initial success of the landings on Guadalcanal the Marines of the 1st Marine Division the Imperial Japanese forces rallied . On D + 3 Japanese Naval & Air forces joined the battle . On 10 August , the U . S . Naval Forces , outgunned , were withdrawn after unloading only half the supplies needed by the entrenched Marines . Several weeks would pass before the ships & supplies returned , leaving the Marines on their own subsisting on captured enemy rations . During a lull in the fighting , Col . ( later MGEN ) Merrill B . Twining suggested that a commemorative medal be struck . He suggested that the suspending ribbon be made of worn green twill fabric from a Marine utility uniform and bear the inscription “ Let George Do It ” , the division ’ s state side motto from training days when they seemed to draw more than their fair share of onerous assignments . The motto was translated into Latin by Scottish Capt . Martin Clemens . The artist who designed the medal was Capt . ( later COL . ) Donald L . Dickson , who drew the designs on captured Japanese post cards using a half dollar to draw the circles . The cost to receive a medal was one Australian Pound . About 45 Officers and Senior Enlisted signed up . All that can be truly documented is that the medals were made in Australia using a lost wax casting process as the cost of creating a die would have been prohibitive . The number of medals cast range anywhere from 25 to several hundred with 50 being the commonly agreed upon number . The medal was issued without a clasp , but instead was awarded suspended from an oversized safety pin ( or other interesting device ) used for closing Navy shipboard laundry bags . A certificate was issued with each medal . When the medals were ready , Lieutenant Frank Farrell , 7th Marines ' intelligence officer and columnist for the New York World Telegram was assigned to handle the details of the certificate . Second Lieutenant John C . Schiller Jr was charged with collecting the fee and Lt . COL ( later COL ) Edmond J . Buckley was appointed " Grand Master of the Order " and signed several of the certificates . In recent years , fakes have been cast and can be identified by a different metal , different patina and a loss of detail especially in the fingers on the obverse . Legend . Various accounts also state that the ribbon , to be official , was washed in the Lunga river of Guadalcanal . A hand extended from a U . S . Navy uniform sleeve dropping a hot potato to an entrenched Marine . A cactus was included to symbolise the code name of the landings ; " Operation Cactus . " At the bottom are the words " Faciat Georgius " The rear end of a cow with an electric fan blowing across it symbolizing the times " when the s * * * hit the fan . " The words : The ribbon is a washed olive drab and made from the twill cloth of the U . S . M . C . utility uniform .
315th Airlift Wing The 315th Airlift Wing ( 315 AW ) is a wing of the United States Air Force Reserve . It is stationed at Joint Base Charleston , in the City of North Charleston , South Carolina . If mobilzed , the unit would be a component of Air Mobility Command . Mission . The mission of the 315th Airlift Wing is to provide trained personnel to be a source of augmentation for the active forces in any emergency expansion of the Air Force strategic and aeromedical airlift capability . Additionally , the Wing performs peacetime missions and integrates with the active - duty 437th Airlift Wing and the 628th Air Base Wing in their normal Air Mobility Command operations and logistics missions . Both of these units are assigned to Joint Base Charleston , S . C . Subordinate organizations . 315th Operations Group ( 315 OG ) 315th Maintenance Group ( 315 MXG ) 315th Mission Support Group ( 315 MSG ) History . Established in 1953 under Far East Air Force in Japan . During the Korean War , the wing flew troop and cargo airlift and airdrop , leaflet drops , spray missions , air evacuation , search and rescue , and other aerial missions in theater as part of Far East Air Forces 315th Air Division . It remained in the Far East after the war to fly transport missions and paratroop training flights in Japan , Korea , French Indo - China , and other points until December 1954 , after which it was again inactivated . Reactivated in 1966 under Pacific Air Forces , assigned to Tan Son Nhut Air Base , South Vietnam . Engaged in special operations directly under Seventh Air Force in Saigon , C - 123 aircraft with Air Commando squadrons engaging in unconventional warfare . Moved to Phan Rang AB in 1967 . Also operated UC - 123 aerial spraying aircraft for Operation Ranch Hand defoliation missions over South Vietnam . Phased out special operations missions in 1970 and engaged in theater transport missions within South Vietnam . In 1971 , became a training organization for South Vietnamese Air Force C - 123 aircrews . Inactivated in March 1972 . Reactivated in 1973 as a heavy transport wing in the Air Force Reserve , being stationed with and used airframes of the 437th Airlift Wing at Charleston Air Force Base , South Carolina . It has since trained Air Force Reserve aircrews for strategic airlift , including channel , special assignment , and combat airlift missions . In 1980s and 1990s , personnel participated in contingency and humanitarian airlift operations and exercises worldwide . In 1994 , the wing conducted the first C - 17 Globemaster III flight with an all - Air Force Reserve crew . It also took part in the first joint U . S . – Russia n exercise that year . Last C - 141 retired in 2001 ; flying exclusively C - 17s afterward . Components . Groups Squadrons
2nd Cavalry Division ( German Empire ) The 2nd Cavalry Division ( " 2 . Kavallerie - Division " ) was a unit of the German Army in World War I . The division was formed on mobilization of the German Army in August 1914 . The division was disbanded in 1919 during the demobilization of the German Army after World War I . Combat chronicle . Initially assigned to II Cavalry Corps preceding 1st and 2nd Armies on the Western Front . From 12 November 1914 transferred to Russia until 25 November 1916 ; in Romania until December 1916 ; then back to the West . Frontier Guard on the Dutch border from 26 February 1917 to 10 September 1917 ; then again to Russia and finally in the Ukraine from March 1918 . A more detailed combat chronicle can be found at the German - language version of this article . Order of Battle on mobilisation . On formation , in August 1914 , the component units of the division were : See : Table of Organisation and Equipment Late World War I organization . About August 1916 the Division was significantly restructured . Allied Intelligence rated the Division as 4th Class . The organisation in 1918 was :
Muhammad Anwar Khan Lieutenant - General Raja Muhammad Anwar Khan was the Pakistan army engineer officer and the first engineer in Chief of the Pakistan Army . He was the first Muslim to be an officer in the Indian Corps of Engineers . Ethnicity . Khan belonged to the Mair - Minhas Rajput clan from Chakwal . The Mair Minhas tribe has a long martial tradition which has continued into modern times . Muslim Minhas Rajputs , being recognised in history as the warrior aristocracy , prior to this they were designated by the British Empire as a Martial Race and recruited into the Imperial Army . Military background . His father Sirdar ( or Sardar ) Bahadur , Raja Fazal Dad Khan was a hereditary Landlord ( or Zamindar ) and was commissioned with a British Army cavalry unit . Joined as an army engineer officer at the British Indian Army Engineers Corps ; Khan was inherited Pakistan Army after the creation of Pakistan . He was one of the early engineer officers at the Pakistan Army Corps of Engineers where he also completed his B . Sc . in structural engineering at the Pakistan Military Academy . Anwar Khan brothers ( in total he had seven brothers ) joined the Army and became officers . His elder brother , Muhammed Akbar Khan was the first Indian Muslim to become a General in the British Indian Army . His brother , Brigadier Muhammed Zafar Khan was the first Indian Commander of Cavalry and his brother Major General Muhammed Iftikhar Khan was an officer inherited by the Pakistan Army from British India . He had been nominated to become the first local Commander in Chief of the Pakistan Army after General Douglas David Gracey ' s retirement . However , his death in a tragic plane crash in 1949 was a disaster for the newly formed country . Two younger brother ' s Brigadier M . Afzal Khan and Brigadier M . Yusaf Khan were among the senior commanders of army like the elder ones . All served with a distinguished service including World war II .
USS Navajo ( AT - 64 ) USS " Navajo " ( AT - 64 ) was an oceangoing tugboat in the United States Navy , and the lead ship of her class . She was named for the Navajo people . " Navajo " was laid down by the Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation , Staten Island , New York , on 12 December 1938 ; launched on 17 August 1939 ; sponsored by Miss Olive Rasmussen ; and commissioned on 26 January 1940 , Lt . Comdr . M . E . Thomas in command . Operations in Hawaiian waters . Following shakedown and a brief tour on the east coast , " Navajo " , an ocean going tug , steamed to San Diego , where , in June 1940 , she reported for duty in Base Force , later Service Force , Pacific Fleet . Until the Japan ese attack on Pearl Harbor her towing and salvage capabilities kept her busy in the central and eastern Pacific , then , after 7 December 1941 , in the Pearl Harbor area . Interrupted only by a resupply and reinforcement run to Johnston Island at the end of December , she remained in the waters off Oahu into the spring of 1942 . Further operations in the Pacific Theater . In late April she sailed to Canton Island where she attempted the salvage of SS " President Taylor " , then returned to Pearl Harbor whence she got underway for the war zone on 12 July . Arriving in the New Hebrides just after the landings on Guadalcanal , she supported operations in the Solomons with repair and salvage work at Espiritu Santo , Nouméa , Tongatapu , and Suva , as well as under battle conditions at Tulagi , Guadalcanal , and Rennell . Towing assignments during those operations took her throughout the island groups of the south Pacific , and once , in late November - early December 1942 , to Sydney , Australia . Stateside overhaul . In the spring of 1943 " Navajo " returned to California , underwent overhaul , and in July got underway to return to the South Pacific . Steaming via Pago Pago , she arrived at Bora Bora on 21 August and commenced salvage and repair work on USS " Pasig " . At the end of the month she sailed for Pago Pago , whence she got underway to tow gasoline barge " YOG – 42 " to Espiritu Santo . " Navajo " sinks after explosion . While en route on 12 September the ship was rocked by an explosion after being torpedoed by submarine I - 39 . Within seconds a heavy starboard list resulted in a submerged starboard side . USS " Navajo " began going down rapidly by the bow and abandonment commenced . As the ship settled , depth charges secured to port and starboard K - gun projectors exploded . An estimated two minutes had passed before she sank , but 17 of her crew went down with the ship . Awards . " Navajo " earned two battle star s during World War II .
Anikita Repnin Prince Anikita Ivanovich Repnin ( 1668 — 3 July 1726 , Riga ) was a prominent Russia n general during the Great Northern War who superintended the taking of Riga in 1710 and served as the Governor of Livland from 1719 until his death . Coming from the great Repnin family , Anikita was one of the collaborators of Peter the Great , with whom he grew up . On the occasion of the Sophia n insurrection of 1689 , he carefully guarded Peter in the Troitsa monastery , and subsequently took part in the Azov expedition , during which he was raised to the grade of general . He took part in all the principal engagements of the Great Northern War . Defeated by Charles XII at Holowczyn , he was degraded to the ranks , but was pardoned as a reward for his valour at Lesnaya and recovered all his lost dignities . At Poltava he commanded the centre . From Ukraine he was transferred to the Baltic Provinces and was made the first Governor - General of Riga after its capture in 1710 . In 1724 he succeeded the temporarily disgraced favorite , Menshikov , as war minister . Catherine I made him a field - marshal .
Fritz von Below Fritz Theodor Carl von Below ( 23 September 1853 – 23 November 1918 ) was a Prussian general in the German Army during the First World War . Biography . Born in Danzig ( Gdańsk ) , in 1912 Below was appointed to the command of XXI Corps . In this capacity , he fought along with the 6th Army on the Western Front at the beginning of World War I . His corps was transferred in 1915 to the Eastern Front where it participated in the Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes . Below was awarded the Pour le Mérite medal on 16 February 1915 for successful campaigns on the Western Front and in the Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes . He was then elevated to command of the 2nd Army at the beginning of the Somme offensive in 1916 . 2nd Army bore the brunt of the Allied attack in the Battle of the Somme . It had grown to such an extent that a decision was made to split it into two still - powerful armies . Therefore , 1st Army was reformed on 19 July 1916 from the right ( northern ) wing of the 2nd Army . Below took command of 1st Army and 2nd Army got a new commander General der Artillerie Max von Gallwitz . Von Gallwitz was also installed as commander of " Heeresgruppe " Gallwitz - Somme to co - ordinate the actions of both armies on the Somme . Below was awarded the Oakleaves to the Pour le Mérite ( signifying a second award ) on 11 August 1916 for his success in operations during the Battle of the Somme . Finally , he was appointed to command the 9th Army in June 1918 , still on the Western Front . However , von Below had contracted pneumonia so its former commander , General der Infanterie Johannes von Eben , remained in provisional command . Below died in Weimar on 23 November 1918 , shortly after Germany had signed the armistice . He is buried in the Invalidenfriedhof Cemetery in Berlin . Family . Below was the cousin of Otto von Below , another German commander during the war . The two generals are often confused .
22nd Independent Battery Indiana Light Artillery 22nd Indiana Battery Light Artillery was an artillery battery that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . Service . The battery was organized at Indianapolis , Indiana in October 1862 and mustered in December 15 , 1862 for a three year enlistment under the command of Captain Benjamin F . Denning . The battery was unattached , Army of Kentucky , Department of the Ohio , to June 1863 . 1st Brigade , 2nd Division , 23rd Corps , Army of the Ohio , to August 1863 . Russellsville , Kentucky , 1st Division , XXIII Corps , to December 1863 . District of Southwest Kentucky , 1st Division , XXIII Corps , to April 1864 . Camp Burnside , Kentucky , District of Kentucky , Department of the Ohio , to June 1864 . Artillery , 2nd Division , XXIII Corps , to November 1864 . Garrison Artillery , Nashville , Tennessee , Department of the Cumberland , to December 1864 . Artillery , 1st Division , XXIII Corps , Army of the Ohio , to February 1865 , and Department of North Carolina to April 1865 . Artillery , 1st Division , X Corps , Department of North Carolina , to June 1865 . The 22nd Indiana Battery Light Artillery mustered out of service on July 7 , 1865 in Indianapolis . Detailed service . Left Indiana for Louisville , Ky . , March 1863 . Duty at Louisville , Bowling Green , and Russellsville , Ky . , until December 1863 . Pursuit of Morgan July 2 – 26 , 1863 . Moved to Point Burnside , Ky . , December 1863 , and duty there until May 1864 . Ordered to join Army of the Ohio in the field . Atlanta Campaign June 29 - September 8 . Nickajack Creek July 2 – 5 . Chattahoochie River July 5 – 17 . Decatur July 19 . Howard House July 20 . Siege of Atlanta July 22 - August 25 . Utoy Creek August 5 – 7 . Flank movement on Jonesboro August 25 – 30 . Lovejoy ' s Station September 2 – 6 . Pursuit of Hood into Alabama October 1 – 26 . Nashville Campaign November – December . Battle of Franklin November 30 . Battle of Nashville December 15 – 16 . Pursuit of Hood to the Tennessee River December 17 – 28 . At Clifton , Tenn . , until January 16 , 1865 . Movement to Washington , D . C . , then to Morehead City , N . C . , January 16 - February 20 . Campaign of the Carolinas March 1 - April 26 . Advance on Kinston and Goldsboro March 6 – 21 . Battle of Wyse Fork March 8 – 10 . Occupation of Kinston March 14 . Occupation of Goldsboro March 21 . Advance on Raleigh April 10 – 14 . Occupation of Raleigh April 14 . Bennett ' s House April 26 . Surrender of Johnston and his army . Duty in North Carolina until June . Ordered to Indianapolis . Casualties . The battery lost a total of 13 men during service ; 1 officer and 1 enlisted men killed or mortally wounded , 11 enlisted men died of disease .