naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
AB 41 The Autoblinda 41 ( AB 41 ) was an Italian armored car in use during World War II . It was armed with a 20 mm Breda 35 autocannon and a coaxial 8 mm machine gun in a turret similar to the one fitted to the Fiat L6 / 40 , and another hull mounted rear - facing 8mm machine gun . Description . The AB 41 ( named after its first year of production , 1941 ) was based on the machine gun armed Autoblinda 40 . Made with an all - riveted construction , the AB 41 had four - wheel drive and a four wheel steering system that proved troublesome . The spare wheels fitted to its sides were free to rotate , thus helping the vehicle over rough terrain and allowing it to drive over higher obstacles . It could also be fitted with wheels that would allow it to run on railway tracks and some were modified further to better serve in this role , with the addition of sand boxes and rail guards to deflect objects from the rails . This version was designated AB 41 " Ferroviaria " . It had six forward gears and four reverse gears , with a driving position at the front and one in the rear , so two crew members were drivers . Overall the AB 40 / 41 family was well thought out , with a top speed of over 70 km / h ( 45 mph ) , good armor ( 15 mm on the front plates ) and good road and cross - country performance , but there were some examples of poor detail design like difficult access to the powerplant , an unprotected fuel tank , one man turret , exposed traverse gear and lack of an interior bulkhead separating the engine and crew compartments . Nevertheless , the AB 41 was considered a good vehicle and one of the best armored cars of its era . Its chassis was later used as a basis for the SPA - Viberti AS . 42 . About 550 vehicles were built in all . The Italians planned to upgrade the AB 41 with a 47 mm anti - tank gun as the AB 43 , but those plans were disrupted by the armistice with the Allies in September 1943 . Combat history . During World War II , the Autoblinda AB 41 operated in North Africa , the Balkans , Italy , Hungary , and on the Eastern Front . Italy issued the AB 41 only to cavalry , Italian Africa Police ( PAI ) and Bersaglieri units . The AB 41 was also organized into reconnaissance battalions ( or cavalry groups ) of 3 or 4 companies each . Each armoured car company consisted of 3 armoured car platoons of 4 armoured cars each , 1 armoured car for the company commander , and 1 armoured car for the company HQ ( Headquarters ) totaling 42 or 56 AB 41s in all . Each fully equipped independent armoured car company proved highly suitable for reconnaissance , escort and security duties . The AB 41 could be quickly adapted for operation on any terrain . Sand tires could be fitted for desert work and it could run on railway tracks with special bogie s and extra lights . The rail - converted vehicles were primarily used in anti - partisan patrol s in the Balkans . After the Italian armistice the Germans confiscated some 57 AB 41s and also built 120 more . The German designation was " Panzerspähwagen AB41 201 ( i ) " .
5th Battalion , Canadian Mounted Rifles , CEF The 5th Battalion Canadian Mounted Rifles were a mounted infantry unit of the Canadian Expeditionary Force during World War I . The unit was raised from volunteers of the 7th and XIth ( Canadian ) Hussars from the Eastern Townships of Quebec . Formed in 1915 , they were transported to England later that year . In 1916 , they converted to an infantry battalion attached to the 8th Canadian Infantry Brigade , 3rd Canadian Division , C . E . F . ( later the Canadian Corps ) . The battalion saw action in France and Flanders between 1916 and 1918 . Battle honours . In 1929 - 31 , well after World War I had ended , Canada assigned battle honours to those units involved in pivotal battles and campaigns during the war . The 5th Canadian Mounted Rifles were accorded the following battle honours : During the Battle of Passchendale , the 5th Canadian Mounted Rifles fighting strength was reduced by 60 % in a single day . Two members of the battalion were awarded the Victoria Cross , the highest decoration for bravery in the British Empire . These individuals were : George Randolph Pearkes , VC , and Charles Smith Rutherford , VC . Perpetuation . Following World War I , the 5th Canadian Mounted Rifles were perpetuated by the later merged 7th / XIth Hussars , which themselves were eventually merged into the Sherbrooke Hussars , which perpetuates the unit today . The memory of the original unit was also perpetuated by its original members in the 5th Canadian Mounted Rifles Association . The Association met annually from its formation in 1934 until it disbanded in 1969 . The records of the Association may still be found at the Eastern Townships Research Centre at Bishop ' s University library , Lennoxville , Quebec .
Patrick Palmer ( British Army officer ) General Sir Charles Patrick Ralph Palmer , KCVO , KBE was Constable and Governor of Windsor Castle 1992 to 1999 . He had been Commander - in - Chief , Allied Forces Northern Europe . Military career . Educated at Marlborough College and Sandhurst , Palmer was commissioned into the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders in 1953 . He went on to serve in British Guyana , Suez and Cyprus . He returned to Sandhurst as an instructor in 1961 and then served with his regiment in Borneo and then Aden . After a spell in Whitehall , he returned to the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders as commanding officer of the 1st Battalion from 1972 to 1974 . In 1977 he became Commander 7th Armoured Brigade . In 1980 he was given command of the British Army Advisory Training Team in Zimbabwe , advising President Mugabe . In 1982 he was appointed General Officer Commanding North - Eastern District , in 1983 he became General Officer Commanding North East District and Commander 2nd Infantry Division and in 1984 he was made Commandant of the Staff College , Camberley . In 1986 he became Military Secretary and in 1989 he was promoted to full general and became Commander - in - Chief Allied Forces Northern Europe before retiring in 1992 . He was Constable and Governor of Windsor Castle from 1992 to 1999 . After the great fire in 1992 he co - ordinated much of the re - building work . He retired from this position due to ill health in 1999 and was succeeded by Air Marshal Sir Richard Johns . Family . In 1960 he married Sonia Wigglesworth ; they had one son . Following the death of his first wife , he married Joanna Baines in 1966 ; they had two daughters .
Battle of Awazu Minamoto no Yoshinaka made his final stand at Awazu , after fleeing from his cousins ' armies , which confronted him after he attacked Kyoto , burning the Hōjūjiden , and kidnapping Emperor Go - Shirakawa . During the pursuit he had joined up with his companion and milk brother Imai Kanehira at Seta ; Kanehira became joint commander along with Yoshinaka . During the battle , they fought valiantly , holding off Noriyori ' s large force of thousands of men for a time . However , in the end , they both died : Yoshinaka was struck dead by an arrow when his horse became mired in a paddy field , and after Kanehira heard that Yoshinaka had been killed , he committed suicide by leaping off his horse while holding his sword in his mouth .
Reginald Tyrwhitt Admiral of the Fleet Sir Reginald Yorke Tyrwhitt , 1st Baronet , GCB , DSO ( 10 May 1870 – 30 May 1951 ) was a senior officer of the Royal Navy in World War I who commanded light forces stationed at Harwich on the east coast of England during the first part of the war . Naval career . Tyrwhitt entered the Navy as a cadet in July , 1885 . By 1912 he was a Captain in command of the Second Flotilla of Torpedo Boat Destroyer s . He was advanced in 1913 to the command of all destroyer flotillas of the Home Fleet , with the rank of Commodore , flying his flag from the light cruiser , HMS " Amethyst " . The forces Tyrwhitt commanded were called the Harwich Force during World War I . His leadership was highly regarded , and he led his ships at the Battle of Heligoland Bight and in the Cuxhaven Raid in 1914 , and in the Battle of Dogger Bank in 1915 . During the Battle of Jutland in 1916 , the Admiralty held back Tyrwhitt ' s forces in case of a German attack on the coast . After the War he commanded the 3rd Light Cruiser Squadron in the Mediterranean Fleet and then became Commander - in - Chief , Coast of Scotland in 1923 . From 1926 to 1928 , Tyrwhitt was Commander - in - Chief on the China Station during a period of disturbances and tension with the Nationalist Government , and became the senior British officer in the region . In the aftermath of the Invergordon Mutiny , Tyrwhitt was instrumental in preventing Vice - Admiral Frederic C . Dreyer , the Deputy Chief of Naval Staff , from taking command of the Atlantic Fleet and ending any hopes Dreyer had of becoming First Sea Lord . From 1930 to 1933 , he served as Commander - in - Chief , The Nore . When he hauled down his flag for the last time in 1933 he was the last British flag officer of World War I to do so . Tyrwhitt was created a Baronet , of Terschelling and of Oxford , in 1919 , and in 1934 he was promoted to Admiral of the Fleet . He retired in 1939 . Mount Tyrwhitt ( 9 , 430 ft ) in the Canadian Rocky Mountains was named after the admiral in 1918 . It is situated at latitude 50°34 ' 55 " north in the province of Alberta near the headwaters of the Bow River and the Kootenay River .
126th Baluchistan Infantry The 126th Baluchistan Infantry was an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army raised in 1825 as the 2nd Extra Battalion of Bombay Native Infantry . It was designated as the 126th Baluchistan Infantry in 1903 and became 2nd Battalion 10th Baluch Regiment in 1922 . In 1947 , it was allocated to Pakistan Army , where it continues to exist as 7th Battalion of The Baloch Regiment . Early History . The regiment was raised in 1825 at Bombay as the 2nd Extra Battalion of Bombay Native Infantry . In 1826 , it was designated as the 26th Regiment of Bombay Native Infantry . In 1856 , it was dispatched to Persia , where it took part in the Battle of Kooshab during the Anglo - Persian War of 1856 - 57 . In 1891 , the regiment was localized to the Province of Baluchistan and reconstituted with Balochis , Brahuis , Pathans and Punjabi Muslims . It adopted uniforms of drab colour with red trousers and its designation was changed to 26th ( Baluchistan ) Regiment of Bombay Infantry . In 1900 it was sent to China to suppress the Boxer Rebellion . In 1901 , the regiment ' s designation was changed to 26th Baluchistan Infantry . Subsequent to the reforms brought about in the Indian Army by Lord Kitchener in 1903 , all former Bombay Army units had 100 added to their numbers . Consequently , the regiment ' s designation was changed to 126th Baluchistan Infantry and it was delocalized from Baluchistan . On the outbreak of the First World War , the regiment was sent to Aden , where it remained during the war except for brief stays in Egypt in 1915 and Mesopotamia in 1917 . Subsequent History . In 1922 , the regiment was grouped with five other Baluch battalions : 1st & 2nd Battalions of 124th Duchess of Connaught ' s Own Baluchistan Infantry , 127th Queen Mary ' s Own Baluch Light Infantry , 129th Duke of Connaught ' s Own Baluchis and the 130th King George ' s Own Baluchis ( Jacob ' s Rifles ) , to form the 10th Baluch Regiment . The 126th Baluchistan Infantry was redesignated as the 2nd Battalion of the new regiment . During the Second World War , 2 / 10th Baluch fought with great gallantry in the Malayan Campaign . The battalion was taken prisoner by the Japanese on Singapore Island after the surrender of British forces on 15 February 1942 . It suffered a total of 1596 casualties in the war and during the Japanese captivity . The battalion earned much good name for resisting intense enemy pressure to join the Japanese - sponsored Indian National Army . Prominent among them was Lieutenant Abrar Hussain , who was awarded the MBE for his heroic conduct whilst a Prisoner of War . On its return from captivity , the battalion was reformed in 1946 . On the Partition of India in 1947 , the Baluch Regiment was allocated to Pakistan Army . In 1956 , on the merger of 8th Punjab and Bahawalpur Regiment s with the Baluch Regiment , 2 Baluch was redesignated as 7 Baluch ( now 7 Baloch ) . During the Indo - Pakistan War of 1965 , the battalion fought with distinction in the Kasur Sector .
Military of the Arab League The Arab League as an Organization has no military force , like the UN or EU , but recently in the 2007 summit , the Leaders decided to reactivate their joint defense and establilsh a peacekeeping force to deploy in South Lebanon , Darfur , Iraq , and other hot spots . History . The military history of the Arab League is closely linked to the Arab - Israeli conflict . The 1950 Arab Joint Security Pact set out provisions for collective security among the Arab states , but only in 1961 was the " Joint Arab Command " ( JAC ) proposed as a unified military command for the Arab League first by the Joint Defence Council , an institution of the Arab League . Before the JAC could take shape , a unanimous resolution was passed at the first Arab League summit ( January 1964 ) establishing the United Arab Command ( UAC ) , although the UAC ' s inactivity following the Samu Incident ( 1966 ) and during the Six - Day War ( 1967 ) signalled its " de facto " dissolution . Current strength . Today , Egypt is considered the strongest military body in Africa and is ranked as having the 10th highest number of troops in the world . Saudi Arabia has recently started to enlarge its military department , with other Arab states of the Persian Gulf following , Morocco is maintaining a strong army in north Africa , along with Algeria and Libya . Syria , Jordan and Iraq ' s Armies have all grew relatively slower to other rich states .
Edgar H . Lloyd Edgar Harold Lloyd ( February 28 , 1922 – November 16 , 1944 ) was a United States Army officer and a recipient of the United States military ' s highest decoration — the Medal of Honor — for his actions in World War II . Biography . A son of two farmers , Lloyd attended the University of Arkansas , and served as captain of his ROTC company . He joined the Army from his birthplace of Blytheville , Arkansas in April 1943 , and attended Officer Candidate School at Fort Benning . By September 14 , 1944 was serving as a first lieutenant in Company E , 319th Infantry Regiment , 80th Infantry Division . On that day , near Pompey , France , he single - handedly destroyed five enemy machine gun positions . Lloyd was killed in action two months later and , on April 7 , 1945 , was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions near Pompey . Lloyd , aged 22 at his death , was buried at the Courthouse Lawn in his hometown of Blytheville , Arkansas . Medal of Honor citation . First Lieutenant Lloyd ' s official Medal of Honor citation reads : For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty . On September 14 , 1944 , Company E , 319th Infantry , with which 1st Lt . Lloyd was serving as a rifle platoon leader , was assigned the mission of expelling an estimated enemy force of 200 men from a heavily fortified position near Pompey , France . As the attack progressed , 1st Lt . Lloyd ' s platoon advanced to within 50 yards of the enemy position where they were caught in a withering machinegun and rifle crossfire which inflicted heavy casualties and momentarily disorganized the platoon . With complete disregard for his own safety , 1st Lt . Lloyd leaped to his feet and led his men on a run into the raking fire , shouting encouragement to them . He jumped into the first enemy machinegun position , knocked out the gunner with his fist , dropped a grenade , and jumped out before it exploded . Still shouting encouragement he went from 1 machinegun nest to another , pinning the enemy down with submachine gun fire until he was within throwing distance , and then destroyed them with hand grenades . He personally destroyed 5 machineguns and many of the enemy , and by his daring leadership and conspicuous bravery inspired his men to overrun the enemy positions and accomplish the objective in the face of seemingly insurmountable odds . His audacious determination and courageous devotion to duty exemplify the highest traditions of the military forces of the United States .
John Halligan , Jr . John Halligan , Jr . ( 4 May 1876 – 11 December 1934 ) was an admiral of the United States Navy in the early 20th century . Biography . Halligan , born on 4 May 1876 in South Boston , Massachusetts , graduated from the United States Naval Academy at the head of his class in 1898 . He served during the Spanish - American War in the armored cruiser , flagship of Commodore Winfield S . Schley . During World War I he was chief of staff to Commander , U . S . Naval Forces , France , and for his outstanding performance of duty he received the Distinguished Service Medal . After the Armistice , he commanded the battleship , and in 1925 became chief of the Bureau of Engineering . Subsequently , he commanded the aircraft carrier from September 1928 to April 1929 , served as Assistant Chief of Naval Operations in 1930 , and in 1933 became Commander Aircraft , Base Force . Appointed Rear Admiral in 1930 , Halligan died at Puget Sound , Washington , 11 December 1934 , while serving as Commandant , 13th Naval District . Namesake . In 1943 , the destroyer was named in his honor .
French frigate Vénus ( 1808 ) The Vénus was a " Junon " class frigate of the French Navy . French service . On 10 November 1808 , she departed Cherbourg , bound for Île de France , where she served as Hamelin ' s flagship , leading a squadron also comprising the frigate " Manche " and the sloop " Créole " . On the 29 and 30 December 1808 , she captured and destroyed the East Indiamen " Hiran " and " Albion " . On 4 November 1809 , she captured the East Indiaman " Lady Bentick " and the American merchantman " Samson " . She was central in the Action of 18 November 1809 , where the squadron captured three armed East Indiamen , including " Windham " . From 20 to 26 August 1810 , " Vénus " took a minor part in the Battle of Grand Port . On 17 – 18 September 1810 , along with " Victor " , " Vénus " captured the 40 - gun HMS " Ceylon " , losing her fore - mast and her topgallant masts in the process . The next day , a British squadron composed of HMS " Boadicea " , HMS " Otter " and the brig HMS " Staunch " captured " Vénus " and recaptured " Ceylon " . " Victor " managed to escape . British service . " Vénus " was brought into British service as HMS " Nereide " , in honour of the defence of HMS " Nereide " at Grand Port . She subsequently took part in the blockade and surrender of Île de France . Fate . She was broken up in 1816 .
Montagu Stopford General Sir Montagu George North Stopford GCB , KBE , DSO , MC ( 16 November 1892 – 10 March 1971 ) , was a British Lieutenant General during the Second World War and Commander - in - Chief of the South East Asia Command from 1946 to 1947 . Early life . Stopford was the son of Colonel Sir Lionel Arthur Montagu Stopford , and the great - grandson of James Stopford , 3rd Earl of Courtown . His mother was Mabel Georgina Emily , daughter of George Alexander Mackenzie . He was educated at Wellington College and at the Royal Military College , Sandhurst . He was commissioned into the Rifle Brigade in 1911 , serving with the 2nd Battalion of the regiment in India until 1914 . First World War . He fought in the First World War , where he was mentioned in despatches and awarded the Military Cross , having entered France as a Lieutenant with the 2nd Battalion Rifle Brigade on 6 - 11 - 1914 ( Medal Index Card , Kew , England ) , and become G . S . O . 3 of the 56th ( London ) Division , Territorial Force , on 10 - 6 - 1916 , as a Captain . On 6 - 12 - 1916 he became the Brigade - Major of the 56th Division ' s 167th ( Infantry ) Brigade , a post which he held thru to 25 - 3 - 1918 ( ' 56th Division ' by C . Dudley - Ward , Pub . 1921 ) . He ended the war with the substantive rank of Major . Second World War . Immediately before the outbreak of the Second World War , Stopford was an instructor at the Staff College , Camberley . He commanded the 17th Infantry Brigade , part of the British Expeditionary Force , from 1939 to 1940 , leading the brigade during the Defence of Arras . He was General Officer Commanding the 56th ( London ) Infantry Division from 1940 to 1941 and then became Commandant of the Staff College , Camberley in October 1941 . He commanded XII Corps from 1942 to 1943 and XXXIII Indian Corps in Burma from 1943 to 1945 . He finally commanded British Twelfth Army , formed in Burma in 1945 . After the war Stopford served as commander of Burma Command ( renamed from Twelfth Army ) from 1945 to 1946 , as Commander - in - Chief of the Allied Land Forces in Netherlands East Indies in 1946 and as Commander in Chief of South East Asia Command from 1946 to 1947 before becoming General Officer Commanding - in - Chief of the Northern Command from 1947 to 1949 . He retired from the Army in 1949 , with the rank of General . He was also appointed Colonel - in - Chief of the Rifle Brigade . Stopford was awarded the DSO in 1940 and made a CB in 1942 . In December 1944 he and his fellow corps commanders Christison and Scoones were knighted and invested as KBE by the viceroy Lord Wavell at a ceremony at Imphal in front of the Scottish , Gurkha and Punjab regiments . Slim was knighted and invested as KCB at the same occasion . Later life . After the war Stopford was further made KCB in 1947 and a GCB in 1948 . In 1962 he held the honorary post of Deputy Lieutenant of Oxfordshire . He lived at Rock Hill House in Chipping Norton . He married Dorothy , daughter of Lieutenant - Colonel Henry Foulkes Deare , in 1921 . They had no children . His wife died in 1982 .
9K52 Luna - M The 9K52 " Luna - M " ( ; ) is a Soviet short - range artillery rocket system . The 9M21 missiles are unguided and spin - stabilized . " 9K52 " is its GRAU designation . Its NATO reporting name is FROG - 7 . " FROG " is an acronym for " Free Rocket Over Ground " . The 9M21 rockets are mounted on a wheeled 9P113 transporter erector launcher ( TEL ) based on the ZIL - 135 8x8 army truck . The TEL features a large hydraulic crane used for reloading rockets from 9T29 transporters ( also ZIL - 135 based ) . The 9M21 has a range up to 70 km and a CEP ( circular error probable ) between 500 m and 700 m . The road mobile rocket has a 550 kg warhead and is capable of delivering high explosive , nuclear , or chemical warheads . Six units of the initial version of 9M21 were present and ready to fire in Cuba during the missiles crisis in October 1962 with the presence of already installed nuclear warheads on them , with a total of 70 warheads already stockpiled also in the island , and the Luna was later extensively deployed throughout Soviet satellite states . The rocket has been widely exported and is now in the possession of a large number of countries . After the war with Iran , Iraq modified its stock of 9M21s by extending their range to 90 km and fitting a submunition - carrying warhead . The rocket was renamed Laith - 90 . During the 2003 invasion of Iraq , in the Battle of the Karbala Gap , the Headquarters of the 2nd Brigade , US 3rd Infantry Division , Tactical Operations Center ( TOC ) of U . S Col . David Perkins was targeted and struck by an Iraqi FROG - 7 rocket or an Ababil - 100 SSM missile , killing three soldiers and two embedded journalists . Another 14 soldiers were injured , and 22 vehicles destroyed or seriously damaged , most of them unarmored Humvees . RAF jets targeted and destroyed FROG - 7 launchers operated by Pro - Gaddafi forces south of Sirte in the 2011 Libyan civil war .