naist-nlp/zeshel huggingface dataset:
XIV Panzer Corps ( Germany ) The XIV Panzer Corps was originally formed as the XIV Motorised Corps in Magdeburg in 1938 to take command of units in the process of motorization , where it was placed under the leadership of Gustav von Wietersheim . The corps participated in the Polish Campaign in 1939 where it fought in the Battle of Kock . The Corps later saw action in the Battle of France in 1940 , as part of armoured group Kleist , where the 2nd Motorised Division , 13th motorised Division and the 29th Motorised Division served under it . It was renamed the XIV Panzer Corps and was placed in the reserve in Romania during the Invasion of Yugoslavia in April 1941 . In June 1941 , it participated in Operation Barbarossa , where as part of the First Panzer Group , it served with Army Group South on the southern sector of the eastern front , advancing via Lvov , Tarnopol and Zhitomir to Kremenchug and Mirgoro , and south to Marfinskaya in the Mius sector . It took part in Fall Blau where it commanded the 60th Motorized Infantry Division , 16th Panzer Division and the 3rd Motorized Infantry Division . Elements of the Corps were the first German units to reach Stalingrad . It was surrounded in the Stalingrad Pocket in November 1942 and was subsequently destroyed in January 1943 . Re - formed and reorganized at Dnepropetrovsk and Zaporozhe in 1943 , it was transferred to the West and directed all German forces in the Battle of Sicily under Hans Hube where it commanded the 1st Fallschirmjager Division , 15th Panzer Grenadier Division , Herman Goering Panzer division and elements of the 29th Panzer Grenadier Division . It was briefly commanded by Hermann Balck in September and October 1943 , before he was seriously injured in a plane crash . The Corps also participated in the Battle of Monte Cassino under the command of General von Senger und Etterlin and included among its formations , the 1st Fallshirmjager Division , the 15th Panzer Grenadier Division and the 29th Panzer Grenadier Division , which had previously fought under it in Sicily . It remained on the Italian front until its surrender at the end of the war .
Zeppelin LZ37 The airship LZ 37 was a World War 1 Zeppelin of the German " Kaiserliche Marine " ( Imperial Navy ) . It was the first Zeppelin to be brought down during WWI by an enemy plane on the night of 6 – 7 June 1915 . History . In 1915 Zeppelins were first used by Germany for strategic bombing of the United Kingdom and France . LZ37 was part of a raid with Zeppelin LZ 38 and LZ 39 . While returning , she was intercepted in the air by R . A . J . Warneford in his Morane Parasol during its first raid on Calais on 7 June 1915 . Warneford dropped six Hales bombs on the zeppelin which caught fire and crashed into the convent school of Sint - Amandsberg , next to Ghent , Belgium . ( ) killing two nuns . The commander of LZ 37 and seven members of the crew were killed . One member crew miraculously survived . It was the first victory of a heavier than air aircraft over a lighter than air dirigible . Flight S / L Warneford was awarded the Victoria Cross for his achievement . The LZ 37 was based in Gontrode , Belgium ( airport location : ) .
George Maniakes George Maniakes ( , transliterated as Georgios Maniaces , Maniakis , or Maniaches , ) ( died 1043 ) was a prominent Byzantine Greek general during the 11th century , he was the catepan of Italy in 1042 . He is known as Gyrgir in Scandinavian sagas . He is popularly said to have been extremely tall and well built , almost a giant . Maniakes first became prominent during a campaign in 1030 – 1031 , when the Byzantine Empire was defeated at Aleppo but went on to capture Edessa from the Seljuk Turks . His greatest achievement was the partial reconquest of Sicily from the Arabs beginning in 1038 . Here , he was assisted by the Varangian Guard , which was at that time led by Harald Hardrada , who later became king of Norway . There were also Norman mercenaries with him , under William de Hauteville , who won his nickname " Iron Arm " by defeating the emir of Syracuse in single combat . However , he soon ostracised his admiral , Stephen , whose wife was the sister of John the Eunuch , the highest ranking man at court , and , by publicly humiliating the leader of the Lombard contingent , Arduin , he caused them to desert him , with the Normans and Norsemen . In response , he was recalled by the emperor Michael IV , also brother - in - law of Stephen . Although the Arabs soon took the island back , Maniakes ' successes there later inspired the Normans to invade Sicily themselves . Maniakes ' accomplishments in Sicily were largely ignored by the Emperor , and he revolted against Constantine IX in 1042 , though he had been appointed catepan of Italy . The individual particularly responsible for antagonizing Maniakes into revolt was one Romanus Sclerus . Sclerus , like Maniakes , was one of the immensely wealthy landowners who owned large areas of Anatolia - his estates neighboured those of Maniakes and the two were rumoured to have attacked each other during a squabble over land . Sclerus owed his influence over the emperor to his famously charming sister the Sclerina , who , in most areas was a highly positive influence on Constantine . Finding himself in a position of power , Sclerus used it to poison Constantine against Maniakes - ransacking the latter ' s house and even seducing his wife , using the charm his family were famed for . Maniakes response , when faced with Sclerus demanding that he hand command of the empires forces in Apulia over to him , was to brutally torture the latter to death , after sealing his eyes , ears , nose and mouth with excrement . Maniakes was then proclaimed emperor by his troops ( including the Varangians ) , and marched towards Constantinople , in 1043 his army clashed with troops loyal to Constantine near Thessalonika , and though initially successful , Maniakes was killed during the melee after receiving a fatal wound ( according to Psellus ' account ) . Constantine ' s extravagant punishment of the surviving rebels was to parade them in the Hippodrome , seated backwards on donkeys . With his death , the rebellion ceased . In Sicily , the town of Maniace and the Syracusan fortress of Castello Maniace are both named after him .
German submarine U - 821 German submarine " U - 821 " was a short - lived Type VIIC U - boat of the German " Kriegsmarine " , built by Oderwerke in Stettin during World War II for service in the Battle of the Atlantic . She only participated in two brief combat patrols , one of which ended after four days when she was sunk by allied aircraft . " U - 821 " was built in Stettin at a small shipyard , and thus took eighteen months to complete , being ready by October 1943 . The boat was of the VIIC Type , which possessed long range cruising capabilities as well as five torpedo tubes . War patrols . Following her sea trials and warming - up period , " U - 821 " departed Bergen , Norway in March 1944 for her first war patrol , during which she spent 24 fruitless days in the North Atlantic before returning to Brest , France for resupply . Her second patrol was more eventful , as just four days out from Brest and not far from Ushant , Royal Air Force aircraft spotted and attacked the U - boat on the surface . Her captain made the decision to battle it out rather than dive , and engaged in a running firefight with three Mosquito aircraft of 248 Squadron and a large Consolidated Liberator bomber of 206 Squadron . One Mosquito was shot down in the clash , but rockets and depth charges took their toll on the submarine which soon sank , taking with her 50 sailors , in position . One survivor was pulled from the sea by small German Naval units a few hours later .
15th Reconnaissance Squadron 15th Reconnaissance Squadron ( 15 RS ) flies MQ - 1 Predator UAV ' s and is stationed at Creech Air Force Base in Indian Springs , Nevada . The 15th Reconnaissance Squadron is one of the first armed Remotely Piloted Aircraft ( RPA ) squadrons . The squadron provides combatant commanders with persistent ISR , full - motion video , and precision weapons employment . Global operations architecture supports continuous MQ - 1B Predator employment providing real - time actionable intelligence , strike , interdiction , close air support , and special missions to deployed war fighters . History . The unit traces its history back to 9 May 1917 , the Aviation Section , U . S . Signal Corps , redesignated the unit as the 15th Aero Squadron on 22 Aug 1917 . Flying historic aircraft like the Curtis " Jenny " JN - 4 biplane , the squadron served as a flying training unit between 1917 – 1919 . After a short stint on the inactive list and a series of organizational changes , the unit emerged as the 15th Observation Squadron on 25 Jan 1923 . This began a varied and unending string of intelligence , surveillance , and reconnaissance roles for the unit that stretched over more than eight decades . On 20 March 1938 , the 15th Observation Squadron deployed from Scott Field , Illinois , to Eglin Field , Florida , for two weeks of gunnery training . Thirty - five officers and 108 enlisted men were involved . The unit was reactivated on 1 August 1997 , at Indian Springs Air Force Auxiliary Field under command of the 57th Operations Group , 57th Wing . During the Vietnam era the 15th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron was based at Kadena Air Base , Japan , flying the RF - 101 . The unit had many deployments to Southeast Asia , flying reconnaissance missions in support of US combat operations in that theatre . From July 2005 to June 2006 , the 15th Reconnaissance Squadron participated in more than 242 separate raids ; engaged 132 troops in contact - force protection actions ; fired 59 Hellfire missiles ; surveyed 18 , 490 targets ; escorted four convoys ; and flew 2 , 073 sorties for more than 33 , 833 flying hours . Starting in 2005 , the unit trained California Air National Guard ' s 163d Reconnaissance Wing members to operate the MQ - 1 . The 163d is being retasked as an MQ - 1 unit . Emblem . A carrier pigeon in natural colors with wings extended perched on a telescope white outlined in black upon a shield of blue and yellow parted diagonally from " northwest " to " southeast " , the blue above , the yellow below . Approved 2 April 1924
Nigel Maynard Air Chief Marshal Sir Nigel Martin Maynard , KCB , CBE , DFC , AFC ( 28 August 1921 – 18 June 1998 ) was a senior Royal Air Force commander . RAF career . Born the son of Air Vice - Marshal Forster Maynard and educated at Aldenham School , Maynard entered the RAF College Cranwell early in 1940 but due to the demands of war his training was cut short and he was posted to 210 Squadron flying Sunderlands in June 1940 . In 1949 he was appointed Officer Commanding No . 242 Squadron and then , following various staff appointments , he was made Station Commander at RAF Changi in 1960 . He went on to be Group Captain , Operations at Headquarters Transport Command in 1962 , Director of Defence Plans ( Air ) at the Ministry of Defence in 1964 and Director of Defence Plans in 1966 . He was made Commandant of the RAF Staff College , Bracknell , in 1968 before being appointed Air Officer Commanding - in - Chief , Far East Air Force in 1970 . In 1972 he was made Chief of Staff at Strike Command , in 1973 he took up the post of Commander - in - Chief , RAF Germany and in 1976 he became Air Officer Commanding - in - Chief , Strike Command . He retired at his own request on 21 May 1977 . Family . In 1946 he married Daphnie Llewellyn ; they had one son and one daughter . References .
Alan Beaumont Admiral Alan Lee Beaumont ( 24 December 1934 – 21 September 2004 ) was a senior officer within the Royal Australian Navy , eventually serving as Chief of the Australian Defence Force from 1993 until 1995 . Early life . Alan Lee Beaumont was born on 24 December 1934 in Newcastle , New South Wales . He was educated at Boolaroo Public School and Newcastle Technical High School . Military career . Beaumont joined the Royal Australian Naval College in 1948 , graduating in 1951 . He trained with the Royal Navy and Royal Australian Navy before being promoted to Lieutenant in 1956 . He completed a Torpedo Anti - Submarine specialist course with the Royal Navy between 1959 and 1960 , and later served periods of exchange service with the Royal Navy and United States Navy as a specialist in the field . As a Lieutenant Commander , Beaumont served as Executive Officer on during a seven - month Vietnam War tour in 1969 . He was promoted to Commander for his service in this position , and posted as Officer - in - Charge HMAS " Watson " . Beaumont commanded in 1962 , between 1972 and 1973 , and between 1978 and 1979 . Staff postings in Canberra followed , including Director of Underwater Weapons , Follow - on Destroyer Project Officer , Director of Naval Plans , Director General Naval Plans and Policy and President of Officers Selection Boards . For his service as Director of Naval Plans , Beaumont was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia in the Australia Day Honours list of 1982 . Beaumont was appointed Chief of Staff to the Flag Officer Naval Support Command in January 1987 , later being promoted to rear admiral in June and assuming the duties of Assistant Chief of Naval Staff ( Development ) . He was appointed to the post of Assistant Chief of the Defence Force ( Personnel ) on 5 December 1988 , and upgraded to an Officer of the Order of Australia in mid - 1989 . Promoted to vice admiral on 11 September 1989 , Beaumont assumed the appointment of Vice Chief of the Defence Force , serving in this position until October 1992 . For his distinguished command in this position , Beaumont was upgraded to a Companion of the Order of Australia in the Australia Day Honours List of 1992 , becoming the first person to receive three awards in the Order of Australia . He was promoted to admiral on 17 April 1993 and commenced his appointment as Chief of the Defence Force . Admiral Beaumont retired from the Royal Australian Navy on 6 July 1995 . Later life . Between the years of 2000 and 2003 , Beaumont served as President of the Multiple Sclerosis Society of the ACT . Alan Lee Beaumont died on the 21 September 2004 , after a long battle with cancer . He is survived by his second wife , Justine , and four children from a previous marriage to Noreen , who had widowed him .
Fort Wood ( New York ) Fort Wood was a star - shaped fortification on Bedloe ' s Island ( now Liberty Island ) . The 30 - gun fort was constructed between 1807 and 1811 . Since 1823 , it had rarely been used , though during the Civil War , it had served as a recruiting station . The fortifications of the structure were in the shape of an eleven - point star . It was named in honor of Eleazer Derby Wood , who died in the War of 1812 . By the time it was chosen for the statue , the base was disused and its walls were used as the distinctive base for the Statue of Liberty given by France for the 1886 centenary celebrations .
207th Independent Infantry Brigade ( United Kingdom ) 207th Independent Infantry Brigade was a Home Defence formation of the British Army during World War II . Origin . The brigade was formed for service in the United Kingdom on 10 October 1940 by No 7 Infantry Training Group in Scottish Command . Under the name of 207th Independent Infantry Brigade ( Home ) it was initially composed of newly - raised infantry battalions from the North of England . Composition . The composition of 207th Bde was as follows : Commanders . The commanders of 207th Bde were : Service . Early in its service the brigade came under the administrative control 18th Division ( 2 November 1940 – 16 February 1941 ) , and then became an integral part of Essex County Division from its formation until disbandment on 7 October 1941 , when the brigade was renamed 207th Independent Infantry Brigade . However , the brigade ' s battalions had all left in the previous August for conversion to Royal Armoured Corps regiments in India . 207th Bde HQ then moved to the Orkney and Shetland Defences ( OSDEF ) and once more took infantry battalions under its command . On 24 January 1944 207 Bde HQ returned to mainland UK and was redesignated HQ 8 Base Sub - Area .
Milorad Petrović Milorad Petrović was a general in the Royal Yugoslav Army who commanded the 1st Army Group during the German - led Axis invasion of Yugoslavia of April 1941 during World War II . Petrović ' s command consisted of the 4th Army of General Petar Nedeljković , responsible for the Yugoslav - Hungarian border and deployed behind the Drava between Varazdin and Slatina , and the 7th Army of General Dušan Trifunović , which was responsible for the defence of the northwestern border with Italy and the Third Reich . Petrović ' s Army Group Reserve was located around and to the south of Zagreb .
Fitz Babbitt Fitz Babbitt ( about 1785 - 15 January 1815 ) was an officer in the United States Navy during the War of 1812 . Babbitt was appointed a Midshipman in 1804 and served on board " Nautilus " , " Adams " , and " President " . Lieutenant Babbitt was killed in action on board " President " during the engagement with HMS " Endymim " and " Pomana " on 15 January 1815 . Namesake . The destroyer " USS Babbitt " ( DD - 128 ) was named for him .
Rubis - class submarine The Rubis type is a class of first - generation nuclear attack submarine s of the French Navy . They are the most compact nuclear attack submarines to date . All submarines of the class ( except for " Casabianca " ) are named after gemstone s . History . Although the " Rubis " belonged to the same generation as the " Redoutable " class , due to President Charles De Gaulle ' s insistence on acquiring a nuclear deterrent for France , the " Rubis " program was started only in 1974 , after the ballistic missile submarine program . The first " Rubis " hull was laid down in December 1976 and launched in 1979 . In 1987 , the Canadian White Paper on Defence recommended the purchase of 10 to 12 Rubis or Trafalgar class submarine s under technology transfer . with the choice of the type of submarine due to be confirmed before Summer 1988 . The goal was to build up a three - ocean navy and to assert Canadian sovereignty over Arctic waters . The purchase was finally abandoned in April 1989 . AMETHYSTE Rebuild . The initial design of the " Rubis " proved to be problematic with unexpectedly high noise levels . This led to the " Améthyste " silencing program ( AMÉlioration Tactique HYdrodynamique Silence Transmission Ecoute ) which was applied to the fifth ( S605 " Améthyste " ) and sixth ( S606 " Perle " ) hulls . The " Améthyste " and " Perle " were both longer that the original " Rubis " , 73 . 6 metres as compared with 72 metres and the program included upgrades to the sonar , reshaping of the hull form and bow to improve silencing and additional upgrades of the electronics . With the upgrades tested and proven , the original 4 boats were rebuilt to the same standards between 1989 to 1995 . Operational history . During the " Péan " inter - allied manoeuvres of 1998 , " Casabianca " managed to " sink " the USS " Eisenhower " and her " Ticonderoga " class escort cruiser Design . They have a central computer system for submarine detection , processing of information , and firing of weapons . The hull is made of 80 HLES high elasticity steel . The sonar dome and the conning tower are made of composite materials . The submarines have two crews , " Blue " and " Red " , who man the ships every three months in turn . They will be succeeded by the 2nd - generation " Barracuda " class .
Sustainment Unit One Stop The Sustainment Unit One Stop http : / / www . cascom . army . mil / unit . aspx is single entry point web - page that provides one web address for use by all Sustainment units . It is maintained by G - 3 Training and Doctrine Combined Arms Support Command ( CASCOM ) , Fort Lee , Virginia in coordination with the Soldier Support Institute at Fort Jackson , SC . This portal directs the customer to specific unit focused pages for the Theater Sustainment Command ( TSC ) , Expeditionary Sustainment Command ( ESC ) , Sustainment Brigade ( Sust Bde ) , Combat Sustainment Support Battalion ( CSSB ) , Brigade Support Battalion ( BSB ) , and Aviation Support Battalion ( ASB ) . It also provides access to functional Quartermaster , Ordnance , Transportation , Financial Management and Human Resources unit pages . The goal of the Sustainment Unit One Stop is to make the customer ’ s access to information easy and avoid going through multiple layers ( clicks ) in the CASCOM website to find useful content . It is not a location for content but rather a directory to Training , Doctrine , Force Structure and other resources essential to the supported units .
David B . Kurtz David Brown Kurtz ( 1819 – March 23 , 1898 ) , aka Daniel Brown Kurtz , was an American Whig and Democratic politician from California . Kurtz was born 1819 in Pennsylvania . He came to San Diego in 1850 where he studied law . He was admitted to the bar in 1856 . He also was a contractor and constructed several buildings in Old Town San Diego and elsewhere . Kurtz was the second mayor of San Diego under U . S . rule , from 1851 until 1852 . He later was a member of the California State Senate in 1852 and 1855 , as a Whig party member , county judge 1855 – 1856 , member of the California State Assembly during 1861 – 1862 and 1865 – 1866 , representing the 1st District . During the Civil War Kurtz was a Breckinridge Democrat ( Southern sympathizer ) . Kurtz was appointed brigadier - general of the State Militia in 1856 . Kurtz was president of the San Diego ' s Board of Trustees in 1862 , when San Diego did not have a Mayoral form of government . In 1866 he moved to San Luis Rey , California ] , in present Oceanside , California , and died there 1898 .
Dumitru Coroamă Dumitru Coroamă ( 1885 - ? ) was a Romania n soldier and fascist political activist , who held the rank of Major - General of the Romanian Army during World War II , and was especially known for his contribution to the 1940 establishment of the National Legionary State by the extremist Iron Guard . Career . In 1939 , he became General Officer Commanding 1st Guard Division at the Royal Palace in Bucharest , in service to King Carol II . Coroamă secretly supported the Iron Guard ' s leader Horia Sima , who was in rivalry with Carol ' s National Renaissance Front regime . He rose to prominence after the events of autumn 1940 , when the Second Vienna Award , which lost Romania rule over Northern Transylvania , engendered a political crisis . In this context , he cooperated with Sima on the Iron Guard ' s attempt to seize power , and came into contact with another authoritarian figure , General Ion Antonescu , who was reluctantly appointed Premier by Carol . In early September , as a sign of his cooperation with Sima , Antonescu appointed Coroamă to the post of General Officer in charge of the Capital ' s Military Command , replacing the loyalist Gheorghe Argeşanu . Soon afterward , Antonescu was told that two other loyalist generals , Gheorghe Mihail and Paul Teodorescu , were planning to have him killed . He consequently demanded Carol ' s abdication , in tandem with General Coroamă refusal to comply with the royal order and have Guardists who marched in front of the Palace shot down . Dumitru Coroamă survived Antonescu ' s violent split with the Guard and the Legionary Rebellion of 1941 , becoming General Officer commanding the 4th Army on the Eastern Front in 1941 , but was arrested after the Royal Coup of 1944 . A political prisoner under the , Coroamă was not released until 1964 .