and references with in oldest Jain literature. Later Jain literature was written in Apabhramsha (Kahas, rasas, and grammars), Hindi (Chhahadhala, Mokshamarga Prakashaka , and others), Tamil ( Jivakacintamani , Kural , and others), and Kannada ( Vaddaradhane and various other texts). Jain versions of Ramayana and Mahabharata are found in Sanskrit,