brought the Achaemenid dynasty to an end, bringing Greek culture up to the banks of the Indus river .   356-323BC Alexander the Great ( Greek : Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ Μέγας or Μέγας Ἀλέξανδρος, [1] Mégas Aléxandros ; 356 BC – 323 BC ), [2] also known as Alexander III of Macedon