Dysmyelination   Demyelination is the act of demyelinating, or the loss of the myelin sheath insulating the nerves, and is the hallmark of some neurodegenerative autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis , acute disseminated encephalomyelitis , Transverse Myelitis transverse myelitis , Alexander's disease , chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy , Guillain-Barré Syndrome and