philosophers, economists and men of science, of whom he knew almost nothing, and whom he perversely misunderstood: men such as Adam Smith [1723—1790], Comte [1798-1857], Mill [1806-1873], Spencer [1820-1903], Darwin [1809-1882] and all who followed them. In art, Ruskin had enjoyed an unexampled training, which made him a consummate expert. In