negative, amongst the same north Cameroon area where Cruciani et al. reported high R-V88 levels. However they also found such cases amongst 3% (1/32) of Fante from Ghana , 9% (1/11) of Bassa from southern Cameroon, 4% (1/24) of Herero from Namibia , 5% (1/22) of Ambo from Namibia, 4% (4/92)