: {a-hkya-ta.} PMDict-152 3. upasarga - pre-verbs or prefixes : {U.pa.sa-ra.} PMDict-211 4. nipāta - particles, invariant words (perhaps prepositions) Yāska singled out two main ontological categories: a process or an action ( bhāva ), and an entity or a being or a thing ( sattva ).    [UKT: Yāska defined]