altogether it made a strong fortification like a stronghold. — Snorri Sturluson (1178/1179-1241): Heimskringla [42] 14th-century and later sources The “Black Vlachs” mentioned by a Persian historian were certainly the Vlachs in Transylvania or the Carpathian Mountains though their precise location is uncertain. [43] Böchök went via Qara Ulagh /possibly Moldavia