Constitutionally recognised languages 8th Schedule: [show] Assamese Bengali Bodo Dogri Gujarati Hindi Kannada Kashmiri Konkani Maithili Malayalam Manipuri Marathi Nepali Oriya Punjabi Sanskrit Santali Sindhi Tamil Telugu Urdu [ 7 ] Demonym Indian Government Federal republic Parliamentary democracy [ 8 ]  -  President Pratibha Patil  -  Prime Minister Manmohan Singh  -