causes telos phronesis eudaimonia arete temporal finitism antiperistasis nature potentiality and actuality universals ( substantial form ) hylomorphism mimesis substances ( ousia ) and accidents essence category of being magnanimity sensus communis rational animal genus-differentia definition Influences and followers Plato Alexander the Great Theophrastus Avicenna Averroes Maimonides St. Thomas Aquinas Alasdair