Originator: FBI
Document date: 00/00/0000
Document type: PAPER, TEXTUAL DOCUMENT

## Page 1

File #:

175-WF - 311 SUB D

Serial Scope:

5,5A ,k, 13, 12l, 130, 140, 195, 215,227

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## Page 2

FD:P60 (ker, 12-5-78)

ate page, name of

paper, city and state.)

"The DALLAS

MORNINE NEGOIS

(Mount Clipping in Space Below)

Date:

Edition:

4/2/81

Shooting,

Title: /A+ 6 A

Character: 175-83

or

Classification:

Submitting Office:

DALLAS

unrequited love linked

If you don't love me, Im going to kill the president;

suspect told Jodie Foster

•Froristalt and Wire Reports

Some of the Jetters included threats to

WASHINGTON -"John W. Hinckley,

- kill Reagan. Hinckley indicated he was

upset over a real or imagined slight by

accused of trying to kill President

Reagan of his idol — or was trying to

Reagan, idolized teen-age movie star

Jodie Foster and told her in a letter of.

win her attention, sources said.

his plans for the assassination, federal

Hinckley wrote Miss. Foster, "If you

don't love me, I am going to kill the pres-

law enforcement sources said Tuesday.

ident," the Cable News Network in At-

The shooting appeared to be modeled

lanta reported.

after an attempted assassination in Miss

He also wrote Miss.Foster a letter de:

Foster's biggest movie, Taxi Driver, the

tailing his plans just before leaving his

sources said.

hotel room for the scene of the shooting

Hinckley sent as many as six letters

Monday but did not mail it, sources

during the last few months to the is. said.

year-old Miss Foster and phoned her, the

"He did it for her," one source said.

, sources said.

"She's the key."

"This guy had her up on a pedestai,"

another said. "He thought this would im-

press her so much she would fall in love

with him."

Sources said if the FBI "had nothing

else except the letter" written Monday

"it would need -nothing more to explain

his motive. If made it precisely clear

what was going to.happen and. why. It

was virtually his last act before stepping

After FBI agents interviewed Miss

Foster in New Haven, Conn, where she

attends Yale University, the actress is-

sued this statement:

"The FBI and the U,S. attorney's office.

:

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Continued from Page 1A.

other items in the room - including

sources said.

The letter apparently expressed ports the agents found a photo of Lee

Hinckley's unconcern about his fu-

ture and his willingness to under.

President John F. Kennedy - hold:

take a bizarre plan to win her love.

ing a gun, and articles on assassina

The letter indicates

Hinckley

tions. Those reports could not be con

wanter to "go out and do something

firmed.

to get himself killed," a Justice De.

"There hasn't been a pad that he's

partment source said.

slept in that we-haven't searched," a

In Taxi Driver, a heavily, armed

DeNiro went to a political rally

where a presidential candidate was

to speak, but Secret Service agents

kept him too far away to carry out the

he was jailed in isolation pending a

assassination attempt.

psychiatric examination.

Hinckley "probably saw the movie

While the saga of Hinckley, a grad.*

any number of times" because of his

• infatuation

with Miss Foster, a

uate of Highland Park High School,

source said.

continued to take twists and turns,

In the film, DeNiro went to the

he remained sedated in an isolation

cell at the Quantico Marine Base in

rally with three guns. In' October,

Virginia, where he is being held

Hinckley was arrested ix- Nashville

-police for carrying three handguns

without-bond in FBI custody.

and SO rounds of ammunition shortly

Hinckley, reportedly

expelled

before a campaign speech by Presi-

from a neo-Nazi group because of his

• dent Carter:

violent attitude,and uncontrollable

'Hinckley was so obsessed he fol.

behavior, was sedated and confined l

a lowed Miss Foster last fall when"she

n a Marine. brig Tuesday. pending a

enrolled in Yale as a freshman; po-

psychiatric exam which

as post-

• lice sources in New Haven said.

poned until Wednesday.

Hinckley checked into the Park

Although

Justice Department

Plaza Hotel for several days last Octo-

spokesmen said Hinckley had started

ber - several weeks after she en-

psychiatric examinations, the tests

rolled - and sent her "heavy fan

apparently will.

not begin

until

notes" that were neither threatening

Wednesday morning.

nor obscene, the sources said.

Tom

Decair

Miss Foster never contacted New. " Hinckley's court-appointed attorneys:

Haven police.or.federal.authorities.-and-government prosecutors agreed-

about any ofsthe letters until after.

to delay tests until Wednesday. be-

Reagan was shot; the sources said:*

" cause of the possibility that Hinckley.

FBI agents had found photographs

would have different lawyers repre.

of Miss Foster'in Hinckley's wallet'af.- senting him.

ter his arrest. When they interro

Part of the reason for; conducting

gated him Monday night he refused: the psychiatric. examination is. to

to. discuss the:shooting, the sources

"determine whether Hinckley is com:

à sạid..

petent to undergo-a preliminary

Officials also photocopied several

hearing,

scheduled" for Thursday

morning in US. district court in

quently made nearly So commercials

Washington.

The tiny blond actress- has ap

One of Hinckley's court-appointed

peared in 11-films, the-latest Carny,

attorneys, Stuart Johnson, said the

in which she plays a reluctant

examinations would be.a major fac:.

stripper. In Taxi:Driver she. played:a

tor-in whether his client would use

:12-year-old prostitüte:.:

insanity as a defense to the two fed-

An extemely bright young woman

eral charges against him

Miss Foster speaks fluent French and

Miss Foster is featured this week

•graduated as valedictorian from the

in a stage drama about prison called

Lycee, an all-French speaking.school;

Getting Out.

in Los Angeles.

"She applied to and

She started her career at the age

was accepted by:Yale, Princeton, Har-

of 3, when she bared her bottom for a

vard, Columbia, Berkeley and Stan-

susiasail commercial and subse-

ford

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• i

= =

have.asked me to say nothing about

John W. Hinckley. But I do wish to say

that I have never met, spoken to or asso-

ciated with him. I will have no further

comment at this time. Inquiries should

be addressed to the FBI.".

Miss Foster is best known for her role

as-a-12-year-old prostitute in the movie;

Taxi Driver.

The letter addressed to Miss Foster

‚alu found by FBI agents in Hinckley's

hotel room, two blocks from the White

House, said "I have killed the president,"

See HINCKLEY on Page бA.

Jodie Foster. portrayed a 12-year-old

prostitute in Taxi Driver.

Race Penger

Rana!

United Press Intastional

President Reagan's hand was slightly unsteady Tuesday when

he signed legislation.in the hospital. The bottom signature:

appeared on a measure he signed Jan. 20.

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## Page 5

FD-350 (Re7. 12-5-78)

(Mount Clipping in Space Below)

Date:

Edition:

e page, name of

" DALLAS

aper, city and state.)

Times

HERALA"

wilitar

Title: p9/A+IIA

Character: 175-83

or

Classification:

Submitting Office: DALLAS

Hinckley believed drive

by infatuation with actre

- UPI photo

John Warnock Hinckley Jr.

From wies-ports

WASHINGTON - The man ác-

-cused of trying. to kill President Rea-

gạn may have been driven by an ob-

sessive and imaginary love affair with

Jodie Foster, the actress who played a

child prostitute in the violent film

"Taxi Driver."

"He did it for her," said one source

closely familiar with the investigation.

"She's the key."

•Atty. Gen. William French Smith

told separate meetings of Cabinet

members ard congressional leaders

Tuesday that John Warnock Hinckley

Jr., 25, had described his assassination

plans in an unmailed letter to Miss

Poster.

Quoting sources familiar with the.

investigation, The New York Times

reported in today's early edition that

Hinckley wrote "I have killed the

"President" in an unmailed letter to

Miss Foster.

A Justice Department source con-

firmed that a two-page letter' had

been found in Room No. 312 in Wash-

ington's Park Central Hotel, where

Hinckley stayed on the Sunday night

before the shooting. According to sev-

eral sources, Hinckley had written to

3EA?01

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Miss: Poster, "If you don't love me, scribed as aimless by his own parents

I'm going to kill the Presidenty

In the movie DeNiro eventually kills a

One Justice Department source,

group of pimps and ends up à hero,

asked not to be

although, unlike Hinckley, he never

named, said that one unmailed letter

takes a shot at a politician.

"to. Miss Foster expressed Hinckley's

In the movie, Miss Foster plays a

desire to "go out and do something to

13-year-old prostitute who is the ob

'get himself killed.";

ject of DeNiro's afféctions. -

The plỏt, of "Taxi Driver" has re-

marakable similarities to Hinckley's

In "Taxi Driver," DeNiro tells a.

woman,

"If you don't love me, I'm

activities in the last few weeks. The

going to kill the President."

hero of the movie; Robert DeNiro,

A veteran óf 13 movies, Miss Foster

plays an aimless, drifting taxi driver

is now a studentrat the Yale Universi-

Whose major aim in life is to kill a

political candidate

ty School of Drama. Hinckley, who

*Hinckley: himself has been de-

See: MOTIVE on Page il

Jodie Foster in movie "Carny?

MOTIVE - From Page One

Hinckley's infatuation: with Miss Fos-

Miss-Foster's:whereabouts-were un-

ter may have grown into an obsession.

certain. She is currently appearing in.

was a dropout from Texas Tech, put

He said that photographs of Miss Fos-j

New Haven's Educational Center of

on his job resume thät he, too, attend ter had been obtained by federal: in-

3 the Arts. The role, her stage debut, is

ed Yale. Yale officials said he did not.

vestigators at the-Park Central Hotel:

In a statement, Miss Foster said

ua prison. drama entitled,

"Getting

thát she had been asked by the FBI

Smith said that Hinckley's letter.

i and' the Justice Department "to say.

outlined his plans for what might be-

Police sources in New Haven said

nothing about John W. 'Hinckley:"

come a fatal undertaking to prove his

Hinckley was so obsessed he followed

Local police sealed off her dormitory;

love for 'Miss Foster. Administration

her there last fall: The sources said

Welsh. Hall,, and friends and room-

and congressional sources, who asked

Hinckley checked into the Park Plaza

mates refused to comment.

not to be identified; told the Associat-

Hotel for several days last October

However,

in the statement Miss.

ed Press that the letter spelled out his

several weeks after she enrolled

Foster said of Hinckley, "I do wish to

assassination plans in detail, but the

and sent her "heavy fan notes" that

were neither threatening nor obscene.

say I have never met, spoken to or

associated with him.

• "I'm going to do it for you," Hinck-

In his meetings, with the Cabinet

ley wrote Miss Foster, according to

and legislators, Smith suggested that the AP's sources.

HH 54952 DocId: 32989491 Page 6

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## Page 7

was shöt,, the sources said:

charges of attempting to assassinate a loose kind of guy." One investigator.

•A court-authorized: search

of the

president. He also, is charged with as-

said' that. "for some reason, he just

Washington hotel room where Hinck-

'saulting a federal agent with a pistol.

came apart. He just sort of exploded."

ley stayed the night before the Rea-

Hinckley was moved out of Wash-

A preliminary examination on the

gan. shooting turned up photographs

ington on Tuesday and put into a brig

charges that could send Hinckley to.

•of Miss Foster, UPI said. Secret-Ser-

at Quantico Marine Base south of

prison for life is scheduled for 10 a.m.

vice agents who arrested Hinckley

Washington under extraordinary se-

Thursday. Sources said the suspect,

also found a photograph. of Lee Har-

curity. He is confined in a 6- by 10-

who has a history of psychiatric care,

vey Oswald; the assassin of President

foot cell that contains only a cot and

could then be transferred to the fed;

John F. Kennedy, holding a gun, and toilet. He was givén the sedative Va-

eral prison in Springfield, Mo., for an

material on other assassinations,

UPI

lium, officials said.

* in-depth psychiatric examination.

said.

Sóurces close to the investigation

At a brief hearing Tuesday, U.S.

U.S. Attorney Charles Ruff; a for-

said police and FBI agents who grilled

•Magistrate Arthur Burnett signed two

mer special Watergate prosecutor who

Hinckley for several hours Monday

orders calling for a psychiatric exami-

was named during the Carter admin-

before his court-appointed attorney,

nation of Hinckley and allowing in-

istration, is expected to handle the Stuart Johnson, arrived on the scene

vestigators. to obtain blood and hand=

prosecution of Hinckley, who would came away with the impression that

writing samples from him in their

face life in prison if convicted on

the alleged gunman was

"a screw

investigation;

=

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- SEVENTH GRADE

dal per lui 9y194s.

As eighth-grader

HOMEROOM PRESIDENTS

As ninth-grader

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John Hinckley,

growing up in

the Park Cities

s fourth grade basketball player

54952

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As fifth-grade football player in 1965

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FD.950 (Ro:. 12-5-78)

e page, name of

aper, city and state.)

"DALLAS

Times

HERALD"

Date:

Edition:

3/31/81

(Mount Clipping in Space Bolow)

Reagan among

targets who

cheated death

By JERRY ACKERMAN

Boston Globe Wire

There are those who have fallen:

Abraham Lincoln... James Garfield

• William McKinley ... John

arinedy.

"hey left few dying words.

and

then there are those who

eated death: Theodore Roosevelt...

trỳ Truman

... Gerald Ford

now Ronald Reagan.

esident Reagan's remarks from

his

hospital bed Monday had the

characteristic black "humor of such

survivors. He told his wife, Nancy:

aney, I forgot to duck." And he.

a-quip-for-the doctors: "1. hope

all Republicans." And one for

des: "Who's minding the store?"

codore Roosevelt also was able to

after being shot. The attempt on

osevelt's life was on Oct. 14, 1912

Rossevelt, who had served as a he-

publican president, was attempting to

win' a third White. House term as the

Progressive Party's "Bull Moose" can-

Title: 8A

Cheracter: 175-83

or

Classification:

Submitting Office: DALLAS

who was to die years later in a mental

LUFO-175-31/51.2-195

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- AP pholo

President Gerald R. Ford is seen crouching behind a presidential

limousine after shots were fired by Sara Jane Moore in an assassi-

nation attempt on the then president in 1975. Reacting to the shooting

of President Reagan Monday, Ford said, "we can't guarantee 100 per

cent security for the president."

alists attempted to kill Iruman in the

fridial guest house across de

street from the White House. Trying

to enter the Blair House, where Tru-

man was staying, they killed one Se-

cret Service guard and wounded an-

other. One gunman was killed and

the other captured.

President Jimmy Carter, in 1979,

granted clemency to one of the assail-

ants, who then was released from

prison.

Three weeks before President

Franklin Roosevelt's inauguration in

1933, a deranged bricklayer named

Guiseppe Zangara tried to asassinate

the president-elect in Miami, but

killeu Chicago Mayor Anton J. Cer

mak instead. Zangara was executed

one month after the shooting.

The last U.S. president to be assas-

sinated was President John F. Kenne

dy, shot in a Dallas motorcade. In.

jured in the shooting was Texas Gov

John B. Connally. Lee Harvey Os.

wald, an employe at the Texas Schoo

Book Depository, was arrested for the

slaying. Oswald was shot and killer

two days later by Jack Ruby.

In 1901, President William McKin-

The bullet pierced Roosevelt's coat,

ley was assassinated by an anarchist

his steel eyeglasses case and the fold-

named Leon F. Czolgosz in Buffalo

ed rext of his speech before lodging

N.Y., as McKinley shook hands witt.

near his right lung.

voters at the Pan-American Exposi

Roosevelt insisted on speaking, tell-

tion. Standing a few feet from Mc

ing his enraptured audience: "I don't

Kinley; • Czolgost fired two bullet

know whether you fully understand

with a revolver hidden by a handker

that I have just been shot... but it

chief. McKinley died nine days later

takes more than that to kill a Bull

Czolgosz, who said he wanted to kill.

Moose."

"great ruler," was subsequentl:

"A president has t expect these

electrocuted.

things.

President James A.

Garfield wa

Ford was almost as blase as Roose-

assassinated in 1881 at a Washingto:

velt and Truman after his life was

railroad station by Charles J. Guiteaz

threatened on Sept. 5, 1975, in Sacra-

who proclaimed "I am a Stalwart an

mento, Calif. In the nick of time, a

Arthur is president now" after firin

Secret Service agent grabbed a .45-

two shots at Garfield. The referenc

caliber pistol out of the hands of Lyn-

was to Chester A. Arthur, Garfield'

ette "Squeaky" Fromme, a follower

vice president.

of cultist Charles Manson, to thwart

the first of two attempts on Ford's life

Garfield died 80 days after th

shooting; Guiteau, who had earlie

that month.

Ford, who had-been only two feet

been denied a government appoint

away from Fromme, walked on into

ment by Garfield, was hanged i

1882.

the California State House and mek. In 1865, John Wilkes Booth shc

for 30 minutes with Gov. Edmund G.

Brown Jr. without mentioning the in-

President Abraham

Lincoln in th

cident until they were through talk-

head while the president was attend

ing business.

ing a performance at Ford's Theate

"I thought I'd better get on with

in Washington. Lincoln died the nex

my day's schedule," Ford said later.

morning, after being carried uncon

Calm as they all might have been

scious to a nearby house. Booth wen

. at the time, United States presidents

into hiding, but was discovered an‹

since Andrew "Stonewall" Jackson

shot and killed for the crime.

have been fully aware they were tar-

Shortly after President Reagan':

"gets for assassins.. Altogether, includ-

election, federal officials. investigater

ing Monday's attack, nine

attempts

an advertisement in the University o:

have been made on presidents' lives,

Massachusetts student newspaper

and more on candidates.

seeking volunteers for a "Reagan hi

One of the most dramatic attempts

squad." A lawyer for two student

on a president's life came on Nov. I, questioned in the case said the adver.

1950, when two Puerto Rican nation- tisement was a joke:

WH 54952 DocId: 32989491

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## Page 12

comporte

(VIP ExiL

Assallant Waits Here

Reagan Shot Here

Agent Falls Here

Brady and Police Ofticer

Fatiio Pavement

Limo Here

Position of principals in assassination attempt diagrammed on photo of site taken shortly after shooting

— AP pholo

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## Page 13

FD-350 (Rov. 12-5-78)

Secret Service:

job hardest at

announced event

United Press International

before hand," said Knight, who

quickly added "although that involves

WASHINGTON — The president

a nasty word in this town

of the United States is hardest to pro-

intelligence."

-tect from assassination when he is ap

When is the president hardest to

resing in public at an announced

protect?

event, says Secret Service Director H.

"At an announced visit of the presi-.

Stuart Knight.

dent that has. 'been will publicized

The man in charge of protecting

and is in a-large arena where he is

the: president's life made these com-

exposed," Knight said.

ments in an interview five days be

lo protect the president against po

fore a gunman Monday fired six shots

tential

assassins the Secret Servic

' at: President Reagan, one of which

maintains two lists, he said. One has

Jodged in his lung.

20,000 names and the.other 400.

Knight said a lot of changes have

To get on the larger list of 20,000

bben made in Secret Service proce

"at one time or, another they have ex-

Hute since John F. Kennedy was as-

hibited an interest in the people we

sassünated in Dallas in 1963. He

protect that might be regarded as

äuldn't discuss the specific Secret

threat," Knight said.

Each: montà government agencies

but he said all the recommendations. forward 5,000 communications to the

or better protection contained in th

Secret Service — including what may

Warren Commission report on th

Kennedy assassination were adopted.

he did say specifically that Secret

Setvice checks of a motorcade route

before a presidential visit would make

kept on the list five years and if noth-

ing happens they are dropped.

If #fare difficult for a sniper to fire a

sh't like the ones Lee Harvey Oswald

The list of 400 are more serious,.

Killed Kennedy with.

Knight said. In addition to threateni

Pend he indicated that the Secret

ing. the president, these people have

Setyice profiles of potential assassins

access to weapons, a history of mental

would be more likely to pick up an

illness and other characteristics which

Osirald before he had a chance to.get make them a danger to the president.

"pear the president.

"the

best weapon I have is to

John W. "Jack" Hinckley Jr., 25,

what someone is going to do

had a history of psychiatric treatment

and access to guns — he was arrested:

last October with three handguns in

the Nashville airport, the same day

President Carter

campaigned there

and two days after Reagan was sup

posed to be there

But Secret Service spokesman John

Warner said the service had no pre-

vious knowledge of Hinckley before

Monday's shooting.

Knight said there is no way the Se

cret Service can guarantee the presi-

dent's safety, but he said he was con-

fident he had the money and the tools

to do the job.

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HH 54952 DocId:32989491 Page 13

Vicate page, name of

spaper, city and staté.)

'"DALLAS

Times HERALA"

Date:

Edition:

3/31/81

Title: p9 2A

Character: 175-83

or

Classification:

Submitting Office: DALLAS

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## Page 14

An unidentified Secret Service agent, his automatic weapon drawn, shouts orders while melee continues.

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FD-350 (Rev. 12-5-78)

Police

recall

'63 death

By Earl Golz

Stalf Writer of The News

Dallas police officers on duty

when President John F. Kennedy was

shot and killed said Monday's at-

tempted assassination of. Ronald

Reagan brought them "a sinking feel.

ing, a repeat of a bad dream."

They also said:

i gate a i dent, once agait,

shows such

violence "can happen

any time, any place.".

• "There's no way to totally pro

tect an official. The only way you

cöuld is if the president were en-

cased in a steel vault. But, even then;

a determined individual still cöuld

find away — some sort of explosive

device."

-Stift gun control laws do not

provide. a realistic solution 'since

"people

so eat these comes

coope tans will be the victits gua

•Dallas County Sheriff's Depart..

nent Capt: Gus Rose, who had been a

police homicide sergeant when ker

nedy was killed on Noy. 22; 1963; said

he had just walked into his office at

the courthouse when he learned of

the assassination 'attempt on Prèsi--

dent Reagan.

"I gót that sinking feeling again,"

Rose said. "It made me sick at my

stomach - it-brought.back.a.whole-

lot of memories."

Despite Monday's, incident; now

ever, Rose said his views on gun con

trol have not changed. "I am not for

gun control," he said. "I don't feel

any different than'I did. People who

commit these crimes will get guns

illegally.

The only people who

will comply with.gun control laws

will be the victims."

Most Dallas police officers who

witnessed the Kennedy assassination

or in some way were involved in the

aftermath are retired.

One of those, former detective

James Leavelle, said he hoped the

-Highland Park

roots

of. accused

Reagan assailant John W. Hinckley

Jr. don't rekindle the old hatreds di-

ate page, name o

paper, city and state

"The DALLAS MORNINE NEWS'"

Date:

3/31/81

Edition:

Character: 175-83

or

Classification:

Submitting Office: DALLAS

WFO-19531/2u6D-130

175-83=

3. •200

SERLANE"!

APR

Y 1931

FBI/DOJ

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## Page 16

City blamed in 63, police say

Costiaded tron Page 184.

tempt occurred in Washlngton and

said: "I was the dispaicher (wien

sected toward Dallas after 1963.'

got in Dallas.

Kennedy was shot). I heard the shots

Leavelle, who was standing next

Dallas Police Chief Glen King,-fire." He said he "could empathize

tố Les Barrey Oswald when. Jack

who had been on dity in his 3rd-floor

with the trauma the law enforcement

Raby. shot him in the basementof the

oftice at the Dallas police station officers are going through in Wash.

Dallas palic station; said the shoot.

when Kennody was killed, said he

ington.... Thank God, the presi

•ilag of Reagan vies "a'little bit distes-:

wis "not going to comment on the

dent is going to come out of it...

ent. than the Ruby deal",

similarities or. dissimilarities" be

"There's no way to totally protect

iN Maro; moro or loos alerted to

ween the Kennedy and Reagan

an official. The only way. you could is

shöotings slice he (King) was not in

Arpest something: in 1963,7 said

if the president were encased in a

Laircle who now is aprivate inves

steel vatilt. But, even then, a deter.

mised individual still could find a

"ghor, Butin this instance: today

(Luvoltig: Reagan); there was: no

public places,..: and there, was a,

fatemaning And; Mharias one shöt

substantial

amount of; socurity

ve, some sort of explosive doi

was fred by Ruby, I assume there

around: the president in both in-

W.G. Lumpkin, the Dallas police

stances."

were several today."

man leading the presidential motor.

Leavelle: shid his Iratediato reaci

Jesse B. 'Carty, the Dalles' police;

cade It 1963, said the shooting Mon.

ton to Monday's shooting was "ibout

Chles wien Kennedy was assaist.

day shows, "It can happen any time,

nated, died on June 22, 1980. Another 'any place. My roaction was that Ite

the same as before (in 1963), excopt I

member of the Dillas Police Depart membered Eric Sevareid saying tint

can relate to it a lot, better the "ment in November 1963, former Dal.: Dallas was a 1-horse town, When it

scebel around the hopital and the Las pollce chief and now Sheritt Don

happened (in 1963). And' cotiderer.

rallic and people hurrying holter.

skelter."

Byrd, was out of town-Monday and

ing the police and everybody, eise.

not available for comment.

And, today, it's in Washington.

hisassinating public: officials,

One of Byrd'siassistani chief dept-

"Dallas is not the only place that's

eyen in 1981; can be. done and ties, J.C. Bowles, was a police commu-

igot nuts.",

there's virtually nothing you can to

nications supervisor in 1963. "In a

• Murray Jackson, who had beon a

do stop him (the assassin)," Leavelle, free society, it's impossible (to pra

Dallas police dispatcher in 1963, said:

said. "Il a person can't do it at one

tect the president)," he said. "The job

"I'm. like everybody else, just ap

place, he can pick a spot on down the is public and you (the president)

palled by the whole thing,

road::. The only thing you can do

have to be part of the public. A man

It's a terrible thing. Bard made

is put a: protoctive bubble over the

can't conceive every possible way to

the remark to my wife,

'At loast.it

president when he's in public."

protect himself."

didn't happen in Dallas this time

Jack Revill, an assistant Dallas po-

Jack Wagon, a dispatcher at the .We were kind of condemned (in

lice chief, expressed similar feelings.

sheriff's office in 1963 and now an as

1963) 400

that we let this happen.

'He also said he was relleved the at- sistant communications supervisor,_ Well, here it is in the capital now."

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Dallas Morning News: Juan Glycia

Church conference participants pause Monday at First Baptist Church to offer prayers for President Reagan.

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ED-350 (Rev. 12-5-78)

(Indicate page, name of&. I1A

lewspaper, city and state.

Fort

Worth Star-Telegrai

Fort Worth, Texas

Date: 3/31/81

Edition:

Morning

(Mount Clipping in Space Below)

Patterns of attacks

are examined

Title:

Character:

or

Classification:

Submitting Office: Dallas

By C.C: RISENHOOVER

Star-Telegram Writer

It all Started, said Dr. Ronald B.

Tobias, back in 1834. That is when

Richard Lawrence tried to shoot

President Andrew Jackson at point-

blank range. Both of Lawrençe's pis-

tols misfired.

"But Lawrence set the precedent

forall presidential assassins," said To-

bias, a:University of Texas at Dallas

professor of creative.writing whohas

just completed a book for Paladin

Press titled. Shoot to Kill: Psycho-

pathology of the Criminal Sniper.

The professor, who hasa chapter in

the book titled "Patterns of Past Pres

idential Assassins,

" said all: persons

who have attempted to assassinate a

president-=-but not-succeeded -

have done so at close range with a

pistol.

"And they've all been white males

in their late 20s or 30s with the excep

tion of the two women who allegedly

attempted to: assassinate •President

(Gerald) Ford," said Tobias.

The professor sees the "zero fac-

tor" as a possible motivation for the

attempt on President Reagan's life

one a 140 to oh y. Kennedy Th

son in 1840 to John F. Kennedy in

1960, seven consecutive presidents

elected in years ending with a zero

have died in office. Four of them

were assassinated.

"I'm just conjecturing: that so

much media exposure about the zero

facto sca

I trigger an unbalanced

person to attempt to fulfill the. pro

phecy," he said.

"Attempts to assassinate the presi-

dent have unfortunately been all too

common throughout our history..

Those who have made such attempts

are generally out of work or have

great difficulty holding a job There's

usually family conflict involved. If

the person has been married, he's

usually having severe problems with

his spouse."

Tobias said the attempted assassins

are usually loners who have become

disassociated, and in every case they

have had a superficial political mo-

"I'd say that has been true in every

case. with the.possible exception of

the Puerto Ricans who tried to kill

President (Harry) Truman in the

'50s," he said. "In every other case the

attempted assassin has rationalized

that he's trying to kill the president

for the good of the people. Some have

thought they were doing it on behalf

of the workers of America or because

they thought they were doing. God's

Tobias said that in every case of

assassination or attempted assassina-

tion there has been a charge of con-

"There are always accusations that

others are involved," he said. "We've

been going through the same process

over and over.

"I'm sure there will be a hue and

cry for gun control again. It's almost

become a cultural phenomenon, arit-

ual, the patternof our reaction aftera

president has been killed.or an at-

tempt has-been made.on his life.".

John Hawkins of Dallas, a profes-

sional astrologer and lecturer, pre

dicted at a Dec. 8, 1980, meeting of the

Fort Worth Astrological Society that

"Reagan will die in office."

He based his prediction on astrolo-

gy, saying that "every 20 years since

the beginning of the United'States,

every president who has come into

office on the Jupiter-Saturn conjunc-

tion has never fulfilled his term of

"They don't always get assassinat-

'ed," said Hawkins.

"The president,

you see, is represented by the planet

Saturn in the 10th house, the 10th

house being the one in charge of the

U:S: Jupiter is in the eighth house on

the U.S; chart, meaning death. When

curs planets cross paths, death oc-

Hawkins. said he doesn't think

Reagan will die from the assailant's

bullet, "but I can about bet you that

ne won't fulfil his, four vear

(George) Bush will be the next presi

As to the validity of thezero factor,

Kennedy was killed Nov. 22, 1963;

when he was struck by a slug from a

high-powered rifle as his motorcade

moved through downtown 'Dallas.

Lee Harvey Oswald; arrested for the

murder, was shot to death two cars

later by nightclub owner Jack Pi

W50-175-311 SubD 7076

775-83-3

100.23)

RIALEED

C 52 1931

FBI - DALLAS

FBI/DOS

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The Warten Commission later said

-

12, 1945,

polio.since before he.was elected to

his first term in 1932.

illness.

exact cause of death.

•Leon Czolgosz.

office seeker, on July 2, 1881, three

died on Sept. 19, 1881: -

1865. He died the next day.

elected in 1848 and died of cholera in

I mid 1850Fafter 16 months in effice,

HH 51952

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APRIL 13, 1981

$1,50

U.S.NéWS

&WORLDREPORT

WHAT IMPACT?

166

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People of the Weeke

In addition to keeping the Vice Pres-

George Bush Gets His Chance

ident informed, Reagan has handed

Bush a number of important assign-

As Reagan's Stand-In

ments.

Two days.after the inaugura-

tion, Bush was directed to head a presi-

dential

task

force

on

reducing

government regulations on business.

As substitute for a convalescing Ron-

Bush's critics in the past, compliment-

Another Bush assignment is to super-

ald Reagan, Vice President George

ed him for his discreet actions and con-

vise the government's role in helping

Bush stepped into a role he had re-

firmed that the Vice President's status

solve the murders of black children in

hearsed behind the scenes for weeks.

is growing among longtime intimates

Atlanta.

Taking over the President's ceremo-

of Reagan.

Bush has gone on the road to make a

nial and office duties, Bush displayed

The relationship

between Reagan

series of speeches as. administration

confidence that he could assume com- and Bush has warmed rapidly in the 10

salesman for the President's economic-

mand at the White House while Rea-

weeks since they assumed power.

recovery plan-an activity that will

gan, in a hospital bed, remains in con-

On Reagan's orders, Bush has been

slow during Reagan's recovery. He also

trol as the nation's Chief Executive.

brought'into every important decision.

has played a strategic role with Repub-

This smooth partnership stems from

and meeting on foreign and domestic

lican senators pondering the contro

no written guidelines, but is the result

policy-spending an average of 3 hours

versial Reagan budget cuts.

of quiet preparation and a steadily im-

a day at Reagan's side.

The Vice President, to the dismay of

proving personal rapport between two

It was during a quiet dinner-table

his moderate GOP friends, even drew

men who not long ago were fierce po-

conversation with Bush's wife Barbara

cheers from a former bitter enemy-

litical rivals.

Bush moved quickly on March 30

at Reagan's 70th-birthday party on

the Conservative Political Action Con-

February 6 that the President disclosed

ference-in a March 20 speech that

when Reagan was wounded by gunfire

his concern about keepirg his top dep-

some critics interpreted as coming

in Washington. He cut short a trip to

uty informed.

"Is George happy with

close to groveling for the support of

Texas and returned to the capital to

coordinate the executive branch. Fol-

his job?" Reagan asked.

"Does he feel

the right wing.

what-he's doing is worthwhile? If the.

Closing the gap. Bush's position at

lowing-Reagan's successful surgery, it

awful-awful should happen, George

the right hand of the President is a

was the Vice President who appeared

should know everything

long climb from several months ago,

- on television to calmly reassure citi-

when he and Reagan fought nearly

zens that "the American government

down to the wire for the Republican

is functioning fully and effectively."

presidential nomination. At one point

Administration insiders described

in the primary battle, Bush referred

Bush as at ease and decisive in presid-

scornfully to Reagan's tax proposals as

ing at cabinet meetings in Reagan's ab-

"voodoo economics," a charge that in-

sence. The 56-year-old Vice President

furiated Reagan loyalists and delighted

carefully avoided appearing presump-

Democrats.

tuous by sitting in his own chair and

At the GOP convention in Detroit

leaving Reagan's vacant.

last July, Bush was far from Reagan's

Bush also worked in his own office

first choice as a running mate. The Cal-

rather than in the Oval Office of the

ifornian only selected him after his ef-

President, and he permitted reporters

forts to get former President Gerald

and photographers only limited access

Ford on the ticket collapsed

to his activities.

At the time, there were widespread

Just before he was wounded, Reagan

reports of problems between their

gave Bush a big vote of confidence by

wives-specifically that Nancy Reagan

placing him in charge of overall crisis

did not like Barbara Bush. A close

management in the White House, a

friend of the First Lady says now: "She

move

that publicly displeased Secre-

and Barbara and the President and

tary of State Alexander Haig.

George have really become devoted to

"Performing well." The potential for

each other."

Bush-Haig rivalry was intensified with

Still, it is surprising to many political

public comparisons of their actions in

analysts that Reagan and Bush have

the early tumultuous hours after Rea-

become such close working partners in

gan was shot. Consensus: Bush-sea-

only a brief time

soned in the political arena by service

Peter Teeley, Bush's press secretary,

in the House of Representatives, Unit-

explains it by

saying,

"Bush under-

ed Nations, Central Intelligence Agen-

stands who he is. He's the Vice Presi-

cy and as envoy to China-behaved in

dent-and only the Vice President."

cooler fashion than Haig.

Unspoken, yet understood by every-

Said James A. Baker III, White House

one amid the tension and concern fol-

chief of staff and Bush's former presi-

lowing the attempt to assassinate Rea-

dential campaign manager: "He is per-

gan: George Bush's strong performance

forming extremely well. He's filling in

as the President's loyal backup man can

for the President without being brash

only help his own ultimate ambition-

or overly assertive."

Another top presidential aide, one of

Vice President Bush fills in for Reagan at

ceremony while Alexander Haig looks on.

to serve someday as the elected Presi-

dent, not as a substitute.

U.S.NEWS & WORLD REPORT, April 13,

HH 54952 DocId:32989491 Page 24

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A recovering President Reagan, his wife

"beside him, takes a hospital stroll.

HH 54952

US.NeWS

& WORLD REPORT

WHAT IMPACTE

Repercussions of the assassination attempt will ripple

for months-in domestic and foreign policy alike:

For now, the U.S. is happy to have a hero for. President.

A gunman's attack on President Rea-

Reagan team and potentially a power-

gan touched off shock waves that

ful political force in 1984 or beyond.

promised lasting effects on a fledgling

• Top White House aides, thrown

administration and the nation.

into a state of confusion in early stages

Ramifications go beyond the ques-

of the emergency, embarked on a cam-

tion of how quickly Reagan—felled by a

paign to reassure the nation that the

bullet in the chest on March 30-will be

administration is in firm control.

able to return to the Oval Office. In the

• Reagan, having suffered a severe

aftermath of the assassination attempt:

• Polls showed Reagan is widely re-

injury, will come under increasing pres-

sure from staff and family not to over-

garded as a hero, admired for showing

tax himself. This could force a change in

courage and humor during a painful

• a freewheeling style that has made him

ordeal. The boost in popularity already

especially vulnerable to attack.

is muting opponents and may even

• The Secret Service, one of whose

prolong his honeymoon with Congress.

agents was wounded in the assassina-

• Secretary of State Alexander Haig

tion attempt, will undergo a full-scale

shapes up as a casualty, attacked by

review of the measures it takes to pro-

White House aides who felt the former

tect the Chief Executive.

general behaved erratically during the

• Advocates of gun control, led by

tumultuous hours after the shooting.

Senator Edward M. Kennedy (D-Mass.),

• Vice President George Bush, un-

will press anew for gurbs on the sale of

flappable throughout the crisis,. handguns like the one used to shoot

emerges as the.real No. 2 man on the Reagan-but probably will not succeed.

22

Taped by television crews, the attack

on Reagan was later witnessed by mil-

lions-the second time in a generation

that the nation was stunned by the

sight of a President shot in the streets

during a public appearance.

But by the end of the week, doctors

reported Reagan was in "satisfactory"

condition and was expected to recover

speedily, barring unexpected complica-

tions such as bleeding or infection.

The 70-year-old Reagan, by all ac-

counts, exhibited the recuperative

powers of a much younger man. ASSO-

ciates added that he also laid to rest

lingering concerns that he was too old

to handle the rigorous demands of the

Presidency.

Boost for Reagan. "It's clear proof

of his physical stamina," said Presiden-

tial Counselor Edwin Meese. "The way

he reacted and all that will further en-

hance people's view of him."

The President was wounded by a lone

assailant about 2:30 on a rainy Monday

afternoon as he walked to his limousine

after addressing a labor meeting at the

Washington Hilton Hotel. James Brady,

U.S.NEWS & WORLD REPORT, April 13, 1981

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Accused gunman John Hinckley, Jr., after

MOE WORLD

a court hearing.

Brady, 40, suffered the worst inju-

ry-a bullet wound in the head. The

slug, removed during 5 hours of sur-

gery, caused extensive brain damage.

Doctors said he was making "extraordi-

nary progress" but cautioned that it

was too early to tell whether the aide

would be permanently impaired.

After shooting, Secret Service agents grapple with the assallant as others lle wounded.

Both Timothy J. McCarthy, 31, the

Secret Service agent who took a bullet

White House press secretary, and two

Colorado oil executive. Authorities said

in the stomach in trying to shield the

law officers also were shot.

the youth apparently opened fire in an

Sara Fritz, chief White House corre-"

President, and Thomas K. Delahanty,

attempt to win the affections of a teen-

spondent for U.S.News & World Re-

45, a Washington policeman shot in the

age movie actress he had never met.

port, who was at the scene, gave this

neck, were recovering.

account of what happened—

The .22-caliber 'bullet that struck

First reactions. From across the na-

Reagan pierced his left chest belöw the

"Six shots rang out, two quick ones

tion came expressions of shock and sor-

armpit and collapsed his left lung. The

followed by four in a steady rhythm. A

row. Loud gasps were heard in the Sen-

FBI disclosed later that the bullets

puff of smoke rose in the air and peo-

ate chamber when lawmakers learned

fired by the would-be assassin were

ple screamed,

of the attack. "It has just gotten to be a

'Get down, get back!'

called "devastators," a type that is sup

game," declared Montana's Governor

Bystanders fled, knelt or cowered

posed to explode on impact. Apparent-

against the hotel wall.

Ted Schwinden. "Whether it is John

ly only the bullet that struck Brady

"A Secret Service agent stood with

Lennon or the President, if you've got

actually exploded, said agents.

his back to the wall, holding a subma-

your name up on the marquee, some-

Whisked from the scene by Secret

chine gun. Another shoved the Presi-

one tries to shoot out the lights.'

Service agents, Reagan was able to

dent into his limousine with tremen-

But, in sharp contrast to the national

walk into George Washington Univer-

dous force. The motorcade sped away.

outpouring of anger and despair after

Back against the wall, a small cluster of

sity Hospital 1½ miles away. But by

the 1963 assassination of President

the time he reached the emergency

men wrestled with someone.

John F. Kennedy, emotion ebbed

room, he was in obvious pain, bleeding. quickly when it became evident that

"The bodies of three men were

from the mouth and chest.

sprawled on the pavement, one with

Reagan had escaped a fatal wound.

Yet as Reagan was rolled into the

The former California governor

his face in a pool of blood-Jim Brady.

operating room, he managed to banter

He tried to move, and a handkerchief

came out of the shooting a far more

with his wife and doctors, saying he

was placed beneath his bleeding head

popular President than ever., A poll by

"forgot to duck" when bullets began

"Sirens grew louder, and two police

ABC News and the Washington Päst

flying. That was only the first of a bar-

squad cars arrived. The struggle sur-

found an ll percent rise in Reagan's

rage of quips and lighthearted com-

rounding the suspect moved into the

popularity the day after the attack: 73

ments from the President that helped

street. A fair-haired young man was

ease the worries of a nation.

percent of those sampled felt he was

finally shoved into a police car. Ambu-

doing a good job as President.

Two hours of surgery were required

Abroad, Reagan's speedy recovery

lances began to arrive. One victim

to excise the bullet and repair tissue

shrieked with pain as he was lifted onto

helped dispel concern about his age. At

damage. The operation was described

a stretcher."

the same time, European leaders were

as routine, although Reagan lost 2½

The man arrested was John W.

apprehensive about the criticism of

quarts of blood; and there was a flurry

Haig, for whom they have high regard

Hinckley, Jr., 25, the son of a wealthy

of concern about blood clots.

Effects of the failed assassination at-

U.S.NEWS & WORLD REPORT, 'April 13, 1981

23

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in 7513670

- tempt did not take long to become evi-

dent on Capitol Hill, where lawmakers

suddenly became reluctant to attack

the fallen President's proposals to cut

taxes and federal spending.

Said Richard Wirthlin, Reagan's poll-

ster: "The most avid readers of pub-

lished polls are the 435 members of the

House and 100 members of the Senate.

The economic program is not going to

get a free ride, but some of the closer

votes may tilt our way."

Confirmation of that view came.

from Senator Gary Hart (D-Colo.), who

noted: "Just before the assassination at- -

tempt, a number of Democrats

WEre

getting ready to release critiques o

blasts. Now they won't do that."

The day after the shooting, on March

31, the GOP-dominated Senate beat

back half a dozen attempts to soften

the President's budget cuts. While the

outcome was assured even before the

attack, the Republicans picked up sur-

prising Democratic support.

"There will be a positive reaction in

Congress," predicted Max Frieders-

dorf, Reagan's chief lobbyist. "Any time

a leader is harmed in any way, there is

always a natural sympathy. It will en-

hance his relations with Congress. I

think it will increase his popularity."

-White House aides made it clear that

the administration would fully exploit

Reagan's condition in order to get its

programs through Congress.

-.

Some lawmakers disputed the notion

that an outpouring of sympathy would

smooth the way for Reagan's proposals,-

particularly the one for a 30 percent

tax cut spread over three years.

"He will be stronger politically be-

cause now he is a national hero on top

of being President," said Representa-

Nancy Reagan, arriving at hospital, was

described as exhausted, unable to eat.

In the burst of gunfire, three others took bullets as well as Reagan-White House press

*aide James Brady, left, Secret Service Agent Timothy J. McCarthy, top right, and

Washington pollceman Thomas K. Delahanty. All were expected to survive.

tive Bill Alexander (D-Ark.). "But will

House over who would be the adminis-

Congress pass his tax cut because the

tration's official "crisis manager," a job

President was shot? The answer is no."

Haig wanted but which went to Bush.

If Reagan gained stature from the

The incidents led some Reagan advis-

attempt to kill him, his White House

ers to press for the Secretary's ouster,

team, and Secretary of State Alexander

and such pressures are bound to grow.

Haig in particular, were clear losers.

By contrast, Bush's low-key conduct

"Serious flaws." A series of mislead-

after the shooting won applause from

ing announcements about whether the

members of the White House inner cir-

President had been wounded, and who

cle, who praised his steady perfor-

was in charge in the interim, exposed

mance and deference to Reagan.

what many analysts termed serious

Bush filled in at nearly every official

flaws in the executive branch.

function at which the President would

Confusion peaked when Haig went

before television cameras soon after

the shooting and declared he was con-

stitutionally third in line for the Presi-

dency and "in control" of the White

House pending the return of Vice Pres-

ident Bush from a Texas trip.

As Haig spoke, his voice quavered, his

face perspired and his arms trembled.

His abrupt comments and shaky man-

ner drew harsh private criticism from

senior Reagan aides, who questioned

the propriety of the statements. His

announcement also triggered a behind-

the-scenes dispute with Defense Secre-

tary Caspar Weinberger over who was

in control of U.S. armed forces.

By executive order, military author-

ity in times of extraordinary emergency

passes from the President to the Vice

President to the Defense Secretary.

The flare-up came just a week after a

flap between Haig and the White

54952

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Secretary of State Alexander Haig, right,

angered White House staffers.

U.S.NEWS & WORLD REPORT, April 13, 1981

5

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## Page 28

have appeared. One day included an

early morning White House staff meet-

ing and a national-security briefing.

Later there were sessions with labor

leaders, cabinet officers, members of

Congress and, finally, talks with envoys

from Poland and Turkey.

Once the President leaves the hospi-

tal, Bush and others are believed likely

to retain control over many of the du-

ties they inherited. For the Vice Presi-

dent, this new eminence could pay big

dividends if his boss decides against

seeking a second term in 1984.

Meanwhile,

the White

House

strained to project an image of business

as usual —a campaign credited by many

with helping defuse public panic.

Everything possible was done to de-

pict Reagan as rapidly shaking off the

effects of his wound, and also to convey

the impression of a White House func-

tioning smoothly and calmly.

No pictures of Reagan were allowed

until he could present a relatively robust

appearance free of drainage tubes. On

the morning after his operation, he

made a point of signing a bill scrubbing

an increase in federal milk-price sup-

ports. A day. later, he conducted a staff

meeting, and on the next he was receiv-

ing full national-security briefings.

Command post. All the props of the

Presidency were assembled at the hos-

pital.. Rooms on Reagan's floor were

hastily transtormed into a miniature

White House-a complete communica-

tions command post, filing cabinets,

desks, typewriters and other office

equipment.

No one expects the shooting to make

Reagan a prisoner of the White House,

shunning public appearances for fear

of another attempt on his life.

Reagan wore a bulletproof vest on

several occasions during the campaign

but apparently has not used one since.

He is expected to put one on again for

occasions when he is deemed especially

vulnerable. The Secret Service is .con-

sidering additional agents for his guard

detail and may keep more distance be-

tween the President and crowds.

But once Reagan has bounced back

from his injury, aides predict, he will

resume public appearances. He still

plans a series of trips across the country

to sell his economic program, plus an

April 27-28 visit to Mexico to confer

with President José López Portillo.

Whatever happens later, loyalists.of

both parties agreed on one thing: For-

mer actor Ronald Reagan on March 30

played in real life the role of hero more

convincingly than in any movie he

ever made.

By WILLIAM L. CHAZE with the magazine's White

House and congressional staffs

U.S.NEWS & WORLD REPORT, April 13, 1981

HH 54952 DocId:32989491 Page 28

Who's in Charge

When a President

Is Out of Action?

Events of March: 30

sed; troubling ques

tions.about.who.runs the goverment. hen

President dies, becomes disabled..or loses

touch with the White House

5 Despite past effo

orts. to

transfer of power that would cover all conti

gencies; the shooting

of President Reagan un

covered several mi

eas in the law.

This much is cle

LE Reagan had di

Bush would have b

asident George

sident Under the 25th Amend

ment, ratified. in 1

Bush then could have named a new

Vice Presidents sub

confirmation by fimajorty of

members of the House

a mutaneous vac

ancies in both the presidency nevice

Presidency would

ed a 1947 law, illustrated in

the accompanying

puts:

speaker

of- the House

Thomas PiaTip.0

D Mass. third in

the order. of

succession followe

Lresident.tro.em.strom

Thurmond (R-S.C.)

Is of the cabinet in theorde

their departments,

wala President is.

Chief Executive unable

*to discharge..his;.d

nder the 25th Amendment

step aside by infor

ning the

aker of the House and presi

dent pro tem of the Senat

iệ Vice President then would

become acting: Pr

the President declared him

self fitr

If a President is

isabled. bu

unwilling on unable to

aside, voluntarily

comes, more comple

potentially explosive

President, when backed' by a

majority of cabinet

az offic

waly declar

the

ident- unable, to.

iet

powers and

office. and may a

le of actingaPres

tance, by they Pres

throw thematte

into Con

gress, where withi

action

athrmed.

two thirds, vote;of

erstor the.

residentimust

restored to office.

e country while Reagan layin

surgery under ane

as during this period that the

P Lines of authority apparently became tangled.

secretary pretate

Alexander Haig dedared sho tly after

the assassination attemp

that

constitutionallye

alam

control here in the

White House, pending chun of the Vice

President. Bush.

was ther returning to Washington, from

"Texas but staying in touch with Haig and otherotficials.at th

White Houses

In fact, Haig w

10t

arge Lea domestic crisis had

occurred that required a pro

dental decision, Bush would

have beentin.com

ethis absence from Washing

ton, If Bush had b

ble, the Speaker of the House,

would have been

it was later explained. wa

that as the senior cabinet official he bad assumed control

over the Wbite House Situation Room, a cris communica

tions centers

I both Reagan and. Bush had been disabled of cut off rom

communication during a military crisis, responsibility over

the nation's defenses would have devolved notito the Speak

er, or Haige butto Secretary

Pot Defense Caspar Weinberger

under a secret "national comm

and authority

chrective tha

recent Presidents, mcluding Reagan, have endorsed,

for asist

Actor 1947

Vice

•Speake

Senate

President

Pro rem

Secretary,

of State

"Secretary

• of the 2

Treasury

Secretary:

of Defense

Attorney"

General;

Secretary.

of Interior

Secretary

'ot.

Agriculture

Secretary

Commerce

•Secretary

ot Labor

secretary

Not Healthie

and Human

Services.

Secretary.

"of Housing

and Urban

Develop

ment is

Secretary

of Trans

portation

Secretary

Of Energy

Secretary,

Lotsa

Education

25

---

## Page 29

MiLT

Looking for a motive, authorities found

evidence that Hinckley wanted to win the

love of young actress Jodie Foster.

cal way. The kid with a gentle gaze and

engaging smile gradually changed into

a lumpish young man with glassy eyes

and a glower. The manager of his cal-

lege-town apartment building, Mark

Swaf ore, while unstopping Hinckley s

sink once, found "there were junk-food

bags and empty ice-cream cartóns sit-

ting around all over the cabinets."

John Hinckley-

As a high-school pupil, Hinckley was

His parents, meantime, moved to an-

other plush home on the edge of a golf

an "average student, neither the type

course in the exclusive Denver suburb

A Misfit Who

to be in the National Merit Scholarship

of Evergreen. His mother played ten-

program nor at the bottom of the

nis and did volunteer work. His father

class,

:" said a classmate, Thomas Black-

joined a Bible-study class. They ar-

Graved Fame.

mole ou was dins table, but he was

ranged psychiatric help for their son

but seldom talked of him to others.

So obscure was Hinckley at Highland

Early warning? There had been one

Estranged from family and

Park High. School that Principal E. A.

earlier brush with the law. Last Octo-

"When this came up, Thad"

friends, in love with a movie

ber, Hinckley was arrested in Nashville

to look back to verify that he was a

and tined $50 atter trying to board an

actress he never met, the man

graduate."

airliner with three handguns. Presi-

accused of shooting Reagan

Sigler and others who knew Hinck-

is one of society's losers.

Frey speculate that his emotional prabe

dent Carter was in town that day.

The Hinckley family-described as

lems may stem from feelings of failure

"just destroyed" by the shootings-has

Behind the gun that shot the Presi-

to measure up to expectations. A friend

gone into seclusion and sent condo-

- dent was but a shadow of a man, a

asserts: "There are pressures in the

lences to those wounded. They have

figure both strange and too familiar.

family to achieve."

hired the firm of Edward Bennett Wil-

John Warnock Hinckley, Jr., didn't

Hinckley's father took a $120,000 in-

liams, one of the nation's best-known

- fit into society-but he fit the pattern.

vestment in 1970 and built an oil-and-

A loner. A drifter. Jobless. Soft look-

-gas-exploration company that had reve-

trial lawyers, to defend their son.

Authorities looking for clues to

ing. Barely known by those whose lives

_nues of 4.87 million dollars last year. His

Hinckley's behavior focused on letters

• he touched, his passage marked by clut-

older brother, Scott, is vice president o

he wrote to actress Jodie Foster, best

ter and grime and confused scribblings.

nis father's hrm. Ironical, Scott is :

known for playing a teen-age prostitute

"If you don't love me, I'm going to

casual friend of Neil Bash, the Vice

in "Taxi Driver,"

a film about a dement-

kill the President," he reportedly

President's son, and fam uy members are

ed loser who stalks a political figure.

wrote to an actress he had never met.

known as staunch Reagan supporters.

An unmailed letter Hinckley wrote

In many of these aspects, Hinckley

The youth's older sister, Diane, is the

to Foster reportedly said:

"I would

was of a kind with the losers who stalk

wife of a Dallas insurance underwriter

abandon this idea of getting Reagan in

the leaders-like Lee Harvey Oswald

and mother of two small children.

a second if I could only win your heart

who shot John Kennedy, like Sirhan

"Everything fits perfectly except

and live out the rest of my life with

Sirhan who shot Robert Kennedy, like

John," observes a family friend

you, whether it be in total obscurity or

Arthur Bremer who shot George Wal-

Hinckley, now 25, did try to succeed

whatever. I will admit to you that the

lace. In fact, a photograph of Oswald

He enrolled at Texas Tech University

reason I'm going ahead with this at-

• and a newspaper clipping about John

in 1973, studying business administra-

tempt now is because I just cannot wait

Lennon, former Beatles' rock musician

tion. He made the dean's honor list in

any longer to impress you.

shot to death on Dec. 8, 1980, were

1977, but he couldn't keep up the

"Jodie,'

" the letter closes, "I'm asking

found in his Washington hotel room:

pace. He went to college for seven

you to please look into your heart and at

Yet the man who is linked this time

years, off and on, never graduating.

least give me the chance with this his-

to the smoking gun had some unusual

characteristics.

Otto/ Nelson, recalls

Hinckley because

John Hinckley was a child of wealth,

One protessose the student chose to.

torical deed to gain your respect and

love. I love you forever, John Hinckley."

do a report on Hitley's autobiography,

Hinckley failed in that attack, as in so

privilege and influence. The son of an

Mein Kampf. Says Nelson: "He made

much else. Now the boy brought up in

oilman, he was reared in a $300,000

an A minus.... I have to conclude that

a mansion is at a federal correctional

home in Highland Park, an old-money

he read the material carefully and

facility in North Carolina, in a room

enclave of Dallas with huge oak trees, • thought about it effectively." Another

with sink, toilet, single bed, one bullet-

azaleas, pools and fountains.

teacher recalls: "There were usually

proof window-and no TV or radio.

He played junior-high basketball. In

empty chairs around him, as if he con-

Meanwhile, a shaken society tries to

the seventh and ninth grades, he was

sciously chose to sit apart."

figure out what to do with someone

homeroom president. It wasn't noted

Unnoticed figure. One measure of

who thought that the killing of a Presi-

then, but his life had peaked already.

Hinckley's isolation: About two dozen

dent could win him the love of a

Minckley became less active in bas-

high-school classmates were on the

stranger.

ketball by the ninth grade, recalls child-

Texas Tech campus with him, and not

hood friend Kirk Dooley, because "some

one can recall having seen him.

By JOHN S. LANG with bureaus in Houston, Denver,

of the other guys began to be quicker."

Hinckley's decline showed in a physi-

Chicago and Los Angeles

26

• 0

U.S.NEWS & WORLD REPORT, April 13, 1981

7

11 14912

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Page 29

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## Page 30

Did Secret

Service Drop

Its Guarde

PON EDMONOS- MOE WOLD

As soon as the gunfire died

President, as some onlookers claim to

away, inquiries began. A

have done?

key question was whether the

• Should the Secret Service have

known about Hinckley because of his

President's protectors had

earlier arrest on a firearms charge in

done everything they could.

Nashville during a presidential visit?

• Has security become lax on rou

The shooting of Ronald Reagan only

ine presidential travel in Washingtoni

1½ miles from the White House un-

Whenever the President leaves the

derscores a truism of the times: It is not

White House, agents scour his route

possible to fully protect a President un-

. step by step in advance, checking

less he is willing to become a recluse.

streets for danger points, securing

Even so, the latest attack— the third

'building corridors and reviewing

attempt, in six years to gun down a

crowd control procedures.

Chief Executive in a public place-is

Still, there inevitably are gaps in the

prompting a hard look at the Secret

defensive measures because

"puliti-

Service, the elite corps that guards the

cians walli-to be near ine people,'

" says

President. Congress, the Secret Ser-

Richard Davis, a former assistant Trea-

vice's parent Treasury Department

sury secretary who had authority over

and the agency itself are asking these

the Secret Service. Davis notes that ev-

questions

ery President relishes contact with the

• How was the man charged as the

public, whether he stops to chat,

assailant, John W. Hinckley, Jr., able to

shakes hands or merely waves.

get within 15 to 25 feet of Reagan as

Hotel entrances, where crowds gath-

the Chief Executive left a Washington

er to see a visiting Chief Executive, are

hotel?

special points of vulnerability. The se-

• Why didn't agents spot Hinckley

curity arrangements at the Washington

on the scene as a potential threat to the

Hilton on Märch 30 appear to have

Agent Timothy McCarthy lles wounded on the sidewalk outside the Washington Hilton shortly

after he attempted to shield Reagan from gunfire with his own body.

been typical. Reporters wait-

ing to question Reagan as he

left a speaking engagement

inside were directed to stand

behind a rope stretched

across the sidewalk. The public was

also allowed into the area, and the gun-

man moved up alongside reporters and

cameramen close to the hotel exit used

by the President.

Agents insist that in these settings,

there is little they can do to keep by-

standers away. "We would like to move

people back farther, but those we pro-

tect and the media would not allow it,

and it's not realistic in a democracy"

says John W. Warner, JI., a Secret Ser-

vice official.

Several eyewitnesses reported after

the shooting that they had seen Hinck-

ley pacing nervously near the hotel

exit-behavior that agents are trained

to regard as suspicious. But no agent

spotted the man and moved in on him.

The Secret Service brands these re-

ports as mistaken. Agency spokesman

Warner declared that people saw not

Hinckley but "someone else- a strange

person who frequents the area. We had

him under surveillance."

The danger list. Another question

troubling some is why Hinckley was

not listed in a computerized Secret

Service file on about 25,000 persons,

many of whom are mentally ill and

have threatened public figures. About

400 of those on the list are considered

particularly dangerous. Their where-

abouts are checked periodically.

Hinckley was arrested last October 9

in the Nashville airport for pos-

sessing three handguns on the

same day that President Jimmy

ACK. HALSTEND

Carter visited the city, but the.

•Federal Bureau of Investigation

did not inform the Secret Ser-

vice of the case. Dr. Frank Och-

berg, the state of Michigan's

mental-health director and a Se-

cret Service consultant, says

that, had the agency known

about the Nashville incident,

"agents would have investigated

and might have identified

Hinckley as a 'stalker' who fol--

lows Presidents."

But Secret Service officialssay

that even if they had known

about the firearms case, Hinck-

ley probably would not have

been put under surveillance and

agents would not necessarily

have learned that he had come

to Washington in late March.

As to whether agents uncon-

sciously let down their guard in

Washington, where presidential

travel is routine, former Trea-

sury official Davis believes that

U.S.NEWS & WORLD REPORT

27

54952

DooId:32989491

Page 30

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## Page 31

-

HH

54952

"it's possible." He adds: "Trips to the

Washington Hilton are so repetitive it's

like a milk run."

Despite the questioning of their

work before the shooting, Secret Ser-

vice agents are given high marks for

their actions once bullets started to fly.

They followed the book to the letter:

The agent closest to the President

quickly.shoved him into his limousine,

while another agent, Timothy McCar-

thy, stepped into the line of fire, stop

ping with his own body a bullet that*

might have hit Reagan. McCarthy is

the first agent ever wounded while

guarding a President. Other agents

"forced the gunman to the ground.

When the Secret Service men no-

ticed that Reagan was coughing up

blood, they rushed him to a nearby

hospital. The agents in the presidential

limousine are being faulted by some,

however, for allowing the President to

walk into the emergency room despite

his injury.

Protection experts say that although

• 'presidential security will always have

its limits, more can be done.

For one thing, Chief Executives

could wear bulletproof garments in -

• public. President Ford used such a vest

after he faced gun-wielding women

twice within three weeks in 1975. But

he found the heavy clothing cumber-

some and soon gave it up...

Reagan wore a bulletproof jacket

several times during the 1980 cam-

paign after threats were made against

him, but he is not known to have done

so since taking office.

Too much work? Secret Service

manpower could be increased, though

the 1,550-member force has already

grown substantially in recent years. Be-

•sides protecting Presidents and their

families, agents guard ex-Presidents,

foreign embassies and visiting heads of

state, and are responsible for investi-

gating counterfeiting and forgery.

of potential President

killers is almost surely far from com-

plete. Experts note that most of those

who have attempted to assassinate po-

litical figures in recent years did not

appear on Secret Service lists. A scien-

tific panel will complete a study this

summer that is expected to lead to

some new Secret Service criteria for

identifying dangerous people.

But most experts agree that no lists

or added precautions can make Presi-

dents completely safe. John F. Kenne-

dy, who was assassinated in 1963, once

summed it up this way:

"If anyone

wants to do it, no amount of protection

is enough, All a man needs is a willing

ness to trade his life for mine."

By TED GEST

28

DooId:32989491

Page 31

9 Others

Who faced

ASSaSSins

If Ronald Reagan's medical prognosis

is correct, he will be the first sitting

President to survive a gunshot wound.

Nine of the 38 Presidents before him

were attacked by armed assailants. Four

Presidents died. For a look at earlier as-

sassination attempts and the assailants:

Andrew Jackson: Richard Lawrence, a psychotic who

thought himself King Richard IlI of England, aimed two

pistols at Jackson in the Capitol in Washington on Jan. 30,

1835. Both pistols misfired, and Jackson was unhurt. Ruled

insane, Lawrence was committed to an asylum for life.

Abraham Lincoln: John Wilkes Booth, an actor who favored

the South in the Civil War, entered an unguarded box at a

Washington theater and shot Lincoln in the head. The

President died the next day, April 15, 1865. Booth was

killed when soldiers attempted to arrest him I1 days later.

James Garfield: As Garfield strolled through a Washington,

D.C., railroad station on July 2, 1881, he was shot by

Charles J. Guiteau, a radical member of the President's own

Republican Party. Garfield died more than two months

later. Guiteau was convicted of murder and hanged.

William McKinley: Leon F. Czolgosz, an anarchist, shot

McKinley in the chest and stomach at the Pan-American

Exposition in Buffalo, N.Y., on Sept. 6, 1901. McKinley died

eight days later. Convicted of murder in a one-day trial,

Czolgosz was electrocuted at an Auburn, N.Y., state prison.

Theodore Roosevelt: John N. Schrank, who claimed he

was instructed by the ghost of McKinley, shot Roosevelt in

the chèst on Oct. 14, 1912, as the ex-President was cam-

paigning for another term. Roosevelt recovered. Schrank

was ruled insane and died in a mental hospital in 1943.

Franklin D. Roosevelt: Giuseppe Zangara, blaming capital-

ists for his stomach pains, fired a pistol at then President-

elect Roosevelt in Miami, Fla., on Feb. 15, 1933. Roosevelt

escaped harm, but Chicago Mayor Anton Cermak was

killed. Zangara was tried and executed within days.

Harry S. Truman: On Nov. 1, 1950, two Puerto Rican na-

tionalists, Oscar Collazo and Griselio Torresola, tried to

shoot their way into Blair House, Truman's temporary resi-

dence. The President was unharmed. Torresola and a guard

died. Truman commuted Collazo's death sentence.

John F. Kennedy: Rifle fire mortally wounded Kennedy in

a Dallas, Tex., motorcade on Nov. 22, 1963. Lee Harvey

Oswald, a pro-Castro radical, was arrested, but he was later

fatally shot by Jack Ruby, a saloon owner. There is still

dispute over whether Oswald was the lone assassin.

Gerald Ford: On Sept. 5, 1975, in Sacramento, Calif., drug-

cult member Lynette Fromme pointed a pistol at Ford, but

she was disarmed. Seventeen days later in San Francisco,

Sara Jane Moore, a political activist, shot at the President

but missed. Both women are serving prison terms.

U.S.NEWS & WORLD REPORT, April 13, 198

---

## Page 32

POLICE EQUIPMEN

DISCOUNT

SALES

SCOUNTY

John w. hinckley, ur., went to Rocky's of

-Dallas for a West German-designed 22-

caliber pistol similar to the one below, ac-

cording to pollco.

about $45 each for it and a

matching weapon.

The gun now belonged

to John Warnock Hinck-.

ley, Jr., who is accused of

using it in the March 30

attack on President Rea-

gan; his press secretary,

James Brady, and two

Saturday-Night Specials-

lawmen in Washington.

Four days before he

Plentiful and Easy to Get

bought the pistols in Dallas, Hinckley

was arrested in Nashville, charged with

carrying three guns, fined $50 plus court

costs and released-a fact not recorded

There's no trick to buying

the federal Bureau of Alcohol; Tobacco

on the Dallas gun form and not re-

a cheap gun like the one that

and Firearms-roughly 1 for every 3

quired. The charge was a misdemeanor.

wounded Reagan. Despite an

persons age 16 and older.

Citizens from coast to coast can buy

• Some 20,000 Americans were mur-

import ban, they continue to

handguns just about as easily.

dered or accidentally killed or commit-

Virginia and Colorado, for example,

flood in from abroad.

ted suicide with handguns last year.

follow the Texas practice of requiring

• Gun-control laws vary from place

some apparent proof of identity and

In many parts of America today, a

to place. But many are based on the

signature of the federal form. There's

license to drive is a license to buy a

federal Gun Control Act of 1968 re-

no waiting period. California requires a

pistol-few questions asked.

quiring little more than proof of age

15-day wait so authorities can make

That fact was illustrated once again

and residence-usually, a driver's li-

background checks-but Californians

in the attempted assassination of Presi-

cense-plus a seldom checked pledge

can cross the state line to Arizona,

dent Reagan.

The gun fired at the

that the buyer is not a felon, a mental

where there is no wait.

President was a .22-caliber revolver

patient or a drug addict.

Scoffing at the law. Localities that

.."purchased over the counter in Dallas.

• Despite the 1968 federal law, the

do have strict gun-control laws-New

Around the U.S., a survey shows,

components of small, cheap pistols

York City; Washington, D.C.; Detroit;

handguns are being purchased with

known as Saturday-night specials are

Cleveland, and Columbus, Ohio,

ease, including cheap foreign-made

pouring in.from overseas. The law for-

among them-often see their efforts

models imported despite federal legis-

bade the importation of such guns:

frustrated for similar reasons. People

lation intended to keep them out of the

but it failed to cover weapons shipped

travel to a suburb or nearby county

country.

to this country as disassembled parts.

where the legal buying is easy or get

Police records show that handguns

Result: Gun merchants in West Germa-

illegal firearms bootlegged in from

are among the hottest-selling consum-

ny, Belgium, Brazil, Italy, Finland,

places such as Texás and Virginia.

er items in the United States. The cus-

France and Britain send the makings

While opinion polls show that most

tomer increasingly is the law-abiding

to U.S. plants for assembly.

Americans want tougher gun control,

citizen, convinced that the police can

The strands come together in the

millions are acting otherwise. Even in

no longer protect him or her from vio-

saga of the gun believed to have been

the aftermath of the Reagan attack,

lent criminals.

used to shoot the President, as outlined

House and Senate leaders say there is

Officials in the Miami area; for exam-

by federal law-enforcement officials:

no chance Congress will pass any

ple, report a huge upsurge in firearms

The parts of this pistol were manu-

sweeping control law this year.

registration-and 31 cases in which

factured by Roehm Firearms Company

The most that is likely to happen is

armed victims struck back at assailants

in Sontheim-Brenz, West Germany,

that lawmakers may try to close some

last year. "The sheep in the herd real-

and shipped to R.G. Industries in the

of the more glaring loopholes in the

ize that the shepherd is sitting bound

riot-scarred Liberty City area of Mi-

1968 law. One proposal getting men-

and gagged on the hillside," says Dade

ami. There, in a converted church sur-

tion: Tighten rules on imports to cut off

County Medical Examiner Joseph Da-

rounded by barbed wire, the

parts" the trade in disassembled parts. Arpth-

vis. "So the sheep are fighting back."

were assembled into a weapon: A six-

er possibility: Much stiffer federal pen-

Says Fulton County, Ga., District At-

shot .22-caliber model known as an

alties for those who use guns in the

torney Lewis Slaton:

"Atlanta is an

RG14, with a 1¾-inch barrel and a re-

commission of crime. But such propos-

armed camp. We've got guns all over

tail list price of $39.45.

als are still in the talking stages, with

the place.

Adds Denver Detective

An unidentified wholesaler bought

no indication when action might come.

John Mamuzich: "People are selling

the weapon and sold it to Rocky's Pawn-

Meantime, Americans are buying

guns out of the trunks of their cars. It's

shop in Dallas. There, say the records of

guns with little more inconvenience

as easy as selling a used lawn mower.'

proprietor Rocky Goldstein, it was

than a trip to the grocer's.

Nationwide, the situation is this:

bought October 13 by a young man who

• Private citizens now own about 50

showed a Texas driver's license,

, filled

million handguns, by the estimate of

By DAVID NAGY with the domestic bureaus of the

out the simple federal form and paid

magazine

U.S.NEWS & WORLD REPORT, April 13, 1981

29

HH 54952 DooId:32989491

Page 32

---

## Page 33

The President as Patient

-Behind the Scenes

-...

Luck helped, but it was the

Chief Executive himself who

turned out to be a vital cog

In the race by doctors and

nurses to save him:

The bullet had bounced off a rib and

lodged in the lower left lobe of the left

lung, causing significant bleeding and

collapsing the lung.

Attendants moved fast. A tube was

quickly inserted in his chest.to expand

the lung and drain off blood pooling

Ronald Reagan emerged from a

inside the chest cavity.

week of ordeal with a gunshot wound

Reagan never went into shock, but

in his lung, a 6-inch incision across his

his blood loss was so great that emer-

chest-and a reputation as a world-

gency surgery was essential. He was

champion patient.

given a transfusion of 2½ quarts of

The President was expected to make

blood-nearly half the normal volume

a complete recovery. By April 3, he

of blood in the body. Roughly 40 min-

had progressed to the point that White

utes after arriving at the hospital, Rea-

House officials forecast he might re-

gan was in the operating room.

turn to the Oval Office-at least part

"The President was never in serious

time-within two weeks of being shot.

danger," said O'Leary. "At no point in

For the next six to eight weeks, the

time was he even remotely close to

nation's First Patient is to increase his

extremis"—a medical term for death.

activities gradually to regain his physi-

The 2-hour operation began with a

cal strength. If all goes well, doctors say

-6-inch horizontal incision just below

he will be able to ride horseback in two

the left nipple. Two

ribs were

to three months

stretched apart to open up the chest.

"The prognosis is excellent." said Dr.

The team, headed by Dr. Benjamin

Dennis O'Leary, dean of clinical affairs

Aaron, first made sure there was no

at George Washington University Hos-

bleeding from other organs such as the

pital soon after surgery. "He is physio-

liver, kidneys, spleen, stomach.

logically a very young man. There

Then the doctors turned to the lung

should-be no complications or perma-

and removed the bullet. They looked

nent injuries."

at the heart and examined major arter-

A bright side. Reagan is considered a

ies. Finding everything in order, they

lucky case-lucky that the .22-caliber

sewed up their patient and transferred

bullet missed his heart by several inch-

him to the recovery room.

es and lucky that he reached the hospi-

tal emergency room quickly.

He was also lucky, doctors say, that

Dr. Dennis O'Leary shows reporters how

bullet entered the President's body.

at age 70, he had no underlying health

problems that could have exacerbated

his wound or slowed his recovery.

More than luck pulled the President

through, however. Talks with the doc-

tors and nurses on the surgical and in-

• tensive-care teams make that clear.

They told the behind-the-scenes story

of what happens when the President of

the U.S. is rushed to a big-city hospital.

George Washington University Hos-

pital, three fourths of a mile west of the

White House, is an older teaching insti-

tution with up-to-date facilities.

At 2:35 p.m., on March 30, Reagan

walked in the door of its emergency

room with the aid of Secret Service

• men, then fell to one knee. He was

pale, lightheaded. He was coughing up

blood and gasping for breath. Not until

attendants stretched him out in the re-

suscitation bay of the emergency room

and cut away his clothes did everyone

realize that he had been shot.

30

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Although the operation is

considered a major one, Rea-

gan's surgery was neither ex-

traordinary nor rare.

"It's a standard type of proce-

dure,

" explains Dr. W. Gerald

Austen, chief of surgery and

cardiology

at Massachusetts

General Hospital.

frequently."

"We see it all too

It was not an easy night, however.

Concern mounted in the recovery

room. Reagan was breathing with the

help of a respirator, but tests to moni-

tor oxygen in his blood were disturb-

ing. X-rays showed that blood clots

were obstructing his airways.

By 9 p.m.,

doctors decided to per-

form a bronchoscopy—a procedure in

which a fiber-optic instrument is in-

serted in a tube already in the patient's

windpipe so that doctors can locate the

blood clots and remove them.

Slight setback. Reagan was on mor-

phine to relieve the pain. His head was

raised; he was alert and in good humor.

But the attempted bronchoscopy failed

because of a kink in the tube

Throughout the night, nurses took

turns removing blood clots through a

tube with a suction device. Fortunate-

ly, Reagan's lungs began to improve.

By 2 a.m., X-rays showed that his lungs

were close to normal, and an hour later

he was taken off the respirator.

At 6:15 a.m., the patient was moved

to the intensive-care unit, jammed

with nurses in yellow uniforms and

banks of dials and TV screens that

monitor vital signs of the very sick.

Fifteen hours later, Reagan

was

moved again-this time to a $234-a-

Bullet's

Path

Bullet

ricocheted

off seventh

rib and

• enteredlower

leftlung.

U.S.NEWS & WORLD REPORT, April 13, 1981//

---

## Page 34

from the White-House without Se-

cret Service men. He wondered if

he now might wear a bulletproof

vest whenever he is in crowds.

At one point, Reagan swapped old

rhymes with a doctor. He was con-

cerned about the brand-new blue

pin-striped suit he had been wear-

ing. He got a newspaper, skipped

Dear ith Mesident.

THERE AINT NO REPUBLICANS OR

DEMOCRATS NOW WE ARE ALL FAMILY

GET WELNQUICK RON...

WE NEED YOU!

Auerica

PS ME CANT AFFORD TO LOSE A CUSTOMER

the assassination stories, noted the

finding of another black child's body

in Atlanta and turned to the comics.

The entertainer. Throughout the

President's stay in the hospital, his

sense of humor stood out. His one-

liners revealed the Hollywood per-

former with a vaudevillian's heart.

For all the humorous quips that

drew laughs, however, there were

a just as many that flopped, said the

Doctors know that humor is im-

A firm that rents uniforms hung this banner

across street from Reagan's hospital.

portant in responding to stress and

in speeding up the recovery pro-

cess. In the recovery room, Reagan's

day private room with beige walls, two

one-liners-written on a pad-not only

blue easy chairs, a rust-colored sofa and

showed that the patient was in good

a television set hung on the wall.

spirits but reassured the medical team

Meanwhile, the White House took over

as to his general condition.

a corridor for use of Reagan's secretary

"It was a time of high anxiety," re-

and the Secret Service.

calls Dr. Jack E. Zimmerman.

Despite those accommodations, the

ray and oxygen studies were bother-

hospital's guiding principle was to treat

some. He knew we were worried, but

Reagan like any other patient so that

it was hard to get overwhelmed when

no medical mistakes would be made in

you have a patient putting out one-

the tense atmosphere.

liners. It gave everybody reassurance

•To-the hospital staff, Reagan was a

that the patient was doing all right."

model patient.

"What impressed me.

According to a New York City inter-

was that he was willing to do anything

nist, Dr. William M. Hitzig, laughing

that would make him get better fast-

and joking have a metabolic effect on

er," says nurse Maureen McCann.

the body. Humor, Hitzig explains,

For instance, the key to recovery

changes the salivary glands to produce

from lung surgery is physiotherapy to

more juice. It stimulates hormones

exercise the lungs. Every 4 hours, Rea-

from the pituitary, hypothalamus and

gan had to turn over on his stomach.

adrenal glands even the cox glands.

The nurses clapped his back to vibrate

For the medical staff, one of the

his body and shake the secretions in his

lightest moments came when nurse

lung in order to prevent pneumonia.

McCann resolved a major mystery. She

I his was very important because Rea-

was combing Reagan's hair, parting

gan had been hospitalized for pneumo-

nia many years ago. "Someone like you

first one side, then the other and quiet.

ly examining the roots.

saved my life," Reagan told McCann.

President said,

"you can tell the world

"She sat by my bedside and kept saying,

I don't dye my hair."

'Breathe, breathe, breathe.'" Vibrating

Meanwhile, the business of the Presi-

the back can be very painful over a fresh

dency went on. The day after surgery,

surgical incision.

"He never com-

Reagan signed a bill limiting dairy sup-

plained," says McCann.

ports. He worried about his signature,

Physiotherapy also includes forced

made wobbly by intravenous tubes in

coughing to bring up sputum. In anoth-

his arm. He met with aides. He read

er exercise, Reagan used a deep-

memos. He made decisions.

breathing device which involved suck-

When a question arose over whether

ing on a tube to measure the strength

Secretary of State Alexander Haig

should cancel his trip to the Middle

In between exercises, medications

East, it was the President who decided

and examinations, Reagan talked and

he should go.

talked. He told nurse Debbie Augsbach

"The world has not stopped just be-

about growing up in a small town and

cause of this," said Reagan.

about his father. He reminisced about

how President Truman could

U.S.NEWS & WORLD REPORT, April 13, 1981

HH 54952

DooId:32989491

Page 34

A President Who

Enjoys a Josh

It was a stream of wisecracks

and jests from a wounded Ronald

Reagan that reassured Americans

most in the wake of an attempted

presidential assassination.

Even with a bullet in his chest,

he was making such quips as

• To his wife Nancy: "Honey, I

forgot to duck."

• To the surgeons who were

about to operate on him: "Please

tell me you're all Republicans."

When tubes in his throat kept

him from talking during the hours

surgery, Reagan

turned to a pencil and pad.

• Told that a nurse would spend

the night in his recovery room, he

wrote: "Does Nancy know?"

• Said another note: "If I'd gotten

attention in Holly-

wood, I would not have left."

• One of the President's notes

read: "As Winnie Churchill said,

'There is no more exhilarating

feeling than being shot without

• After undergoing a particularly

painful medical procedure, Rea-

gan paraphrased the epitaph of

comedian W. C. Fields: "All in all,

I'd rather be in Philadelphia."

When Reagan could talk again,

he rattled off these one-liners

• To daughter Maureen: "One of

my new suits is ruined."

• To his three highest White

House aides: "Who's minding the

store?" and "Well, I guess I really

screwed up the schedule today."

• To an aide who told him that he

would be happy to know the gov-

ernment was running normally in

his absence: "What makes you

think I'd be happy about that?"

• To a nurse who told him to keep

up the good work: "You mean this

may happen several more times?".

• On learning that he would not

be well enough to throw out the

•- first ball to open the major-league

baseball season on April 8: "I am a

right-hander, and it is the left side

Reagan cracked most of his

jokes before learning that his

press secretary, James Brady, had

been critically wounded in the

assassination attempt. Tears filled

his eyes when he was told of Bra-

dy's plight. "Oh, damn," the Pres-

ident said. "Oh, damn."

31

---

## Page 35

Why U.S. Lifestyle

Produces Assassins

A new attempt on a President's life raises old questions:

Why do such attempts continue? What will it take to bring them

to a halt? For answers, the magazine went to a noted

psychiatrist and consultant on violent crime.

Q Dr. Menninger, what accounts for

the string of assassination attempts

against national leaders In the last two

decades?

A Every society produces its alienat-

ed persons who try to carry out their

own agenda, but some characteristics

of ours increase the potential risk.

For one thing, more guns are avail-

able than ever before-and these are

the main weapons in assassination as

well as violent crime, of which we have

more than any other Western industri-

alized nation.

We also have a tradition of individual

freedoms-and more resistance to lim-

-• its on those freedoms.

Another thing is affluence. Potential

assassins can easily go to where their

target is. In the John Lennon case, the

alleged assassin flew in from Hawaii.

Q As.a psychlatrist who has been in-

volved in studies of violence and presl-

dential security, how did you react to the

attempt on President Reagan's life?

A My initial response was that I

wasn't surprised-in part, because I've

been reviewing some of the data on

assassinations and, in part, because of

the tenor of the times.

Moreover, this is a President of

strong and forcerul character, who has

expressed his opinions on public issues

that excite emotions and

who is not

viewed as a conciliator. This sets the

stage for making him a lightning rod—

a target for assassination.

Q Is a profile bullding up on persons

who try to carry out assassinations?

A Not a specific profile, but there

are common elements.

Characteristically, assassins tend to

W. Walter Menninger, senior staff psychia-

trist at the Menninger Foundation.

be loners and don't have effective so-

"cial relations with other people, at least

currently. They are generally unmar-

ried or have had a very poor marital

relationship. They are people without a

consistent work history, particularly in

the year or so before the assassination

attempt is made.

They are individuals who consistent-

ly use a handgun as their weapon and

select a moment when a well-known

figure is appearing in public. Until the

attempts

Fromme and Sara Jane Moore on then-

President Ford, they were all males.

• Do assassins share a particular fam-

Ily background or class level?

A In nearly all instances, there has

been some hint of early disruption in

family life. The list does cut across class

somewhat, but the striking thing is

that, as yet, none have been black.

the desire for attention or

fame play a strong role in a person's de-

sire to kill a prominent person?

A At some level, I would think, the

would-be assassin must clearly have an

Five Assailants and Their Targets

HN 54952

Lee Oswald

(John Kennedy)

Sirhan Sirhan

Arthur Bremer

(Robert Kennedy) (George Wallace)

Lynette Fromme

(Gerald Ford)

Sara Jane Moore

(Gerald Ford)

32

Doo1d:32969491

Page 35

awareness that this is going to be a

notorious and even historic event.

Q Would the recent trend of closing

mental hospitals be putting more potentla!

assassins on the streets?

A I don't think there's clear evi-

dence that assassination is a function of

mental illness per se.

Q What about the growing leniency in

sentencing-does that raise the level of

assassination risks?

A The odds are that locking up peo-

ple longer for crimes is no

solution,

since people who have made assassina-

tion attempts are people who have

never committed a crime for which

they would have been locked up. Any-

way, our whole philosophy does not

call for preventive detention.

Q Would the frequency of assassina-

tion attempts in recent years be due, In

part at least, to the media-especially the

influence of television?

A Not necessarily. Yet I think the

great expansion of the media has pro-

duced an overload of communications

for some people- and television, which

makes an event so immediately known,

can certainly be a factor.

Q Do assassinations in this country of

ten develop from political or economic

grievances?

A More so in the last century, per-

haps, assassins have had some kind of

specific but distorted political reason to

justify their action-but not as a mem-

ber of an organized political move-

ment. They are personal zealots.

In the Reagan case, I don't think we

really know the motivation of the ac-

cused assassin, despite press reports.

Q Is it significant that, in this country,

attacks on leaders come from loners,

while Western Europe's problem is terror-

Ist groups?

A That's one of the striking

con-

trasts thus far: We have been less sub-

ject to the terrorist approaches. That

doesn't mean we may not be, and I'm

well aware that the FBI and other

federal law-enforcement agencies are

constantly concerned about that

-possibility.

Q Is there some way to greatly reduce

the threat of assassination in the United

States?

A There's no simple answer. In

democratic philosophy, the elected

leader frequently performs ceremonial

and political tasks in public. There is no

perfect way to forestall attempted as-

sassinations short of confining the Pres-

ident to the White House and limiting

his communication with the public to

television broadcasts and other media.

Other nations can, by totalitarian

means, limit people's access to travel as

well as to weapons. I don't think we're

about to go in that direction.

Copyright © 1981, U.S. News & World Report, Ing 2

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## Page 36

: C-19 (Rev, 8-20-79)

Suspect Is Found

• To Be Qualified

To Stand Trial

Exec AD Adm. _

Exoc AD Inv. -

House. Before leaving the hotel, they? ley, he said, has not done so becausé he

FReC AD LES —

said, he asked at the front desk whether

has not yet been examined by psychia- sst. Dir.:

he had any phone messages.

trists of his choosing.

Adm. Servs.

A preliminary hearing is often held be-

«Those medical experts who are advis

ing defense counsel must have personal

Crim. Inv..

fore a Federal magistrate, a court officer

access to the defendant if their advice

dent. -

who has some of the powers of a judge.

and opinions are to be meaningtul," the

The Hinckley case was first heard bi

defense lawyers said in a memorandum

Intell. -

But Hinckley Is Ordered to

Lawrence S. Margolis, a Federal magis

to the court.

"Without that access and

Laboratory

trate, and then went to Judge Bryant be-

without that advice, the Sixth Amend. Legal Coun. -

cause defense attorneys were not satis

ment guarantee of effective assistance of

Undergo Extensive Tests

fied with Mr. Margolis's ruling.

counsel. Will be but a hollow promise to Plan. & Insp. -

At both proceedings, Mr.

Hinckley

John W. Hinckley Jr.

Rec. Mgnt. -

There was no discussion of bail at

slouched in his chair but looked alert,

By ROBERT PEAR

Special to The New YOrk Times

- WASHINGTON, April 2 - A court-ap-

pointed psychiatrist has found John W

Hinckley Jr. competent to stand trial in

the shooting of President Reagan, but a

Federal judge today ordered a more ex-

tensive mental examination, which could

take from 30 to 90 days.

The 25-year-old defendant, wearing a

bulletproof vest, appeared in Federal

District Court today, for two separate

hearings that lasted a total of slightly

more than 40 minutes. Security was ex-

tremely tight.

Dr. James L. Evans, the court-ap

pointed

psychiatrist, examined

Mr.

Hinckley for three/hours yesterday. Dr.

Evans's report, feleased by the court

today, was that Mr. Hinckley was "men-

tally competent to stand trial," that he

had "a rational and factual understand-

ing of the charges and is able to partici-

pate with counsel in the preparation of his

defense."

Deals Only With Competency

However, such a finding deals only

with the-suspect's competency to stand

trial and does not deal with the question

of sanity at the time of the shooting. Nor

¡does it preclude a plea of not guilty by

reason of insanity.

Judge William B. Bryant, chief, judge

of the Federal District Court here, said

today that he was authorizing a further

examination of Mr. Hinckley, for a period

not to exceed 90 days, to evaluate his

mental health more fully. Judge Bryant

said Government psychiatrists would

study the broader quéstion of whether

Mr. Hinckley was responsible for his con-

duct at the time of the shooting on Mon-

day.

Justice Department officials said'that

the evaluation of Mr. Hinckley's mental

health would be made at the Federal, Cor

rectional Institution in Butner. N.C.

where there is a special psychiatric pro-

gram for evaluating Federal prisoners.

Mr. Hinckley was taken there by helicop

• ter after today's proceedings, arriving at

_ 3:20 P.M.

Ileanwhile, Federal investigators said

today they suspected that Mr. Hinckley

may have been in touch with someone in

-the Washington area before he went to

the scene of the shooting, at the Washing

ince hat made new said telephone

calls Monday from his room at the Park

Central Hotel, two blocks from the White

whispering to his attorneys and gnawing

today's proceedings. In their memoran-

Tech. Servs._

dum, the defense attorneys said that "it Training —

occasionally on the fingers of his right

can be expected that the defendant will

hand. He spoke only once, when he rose to

lublic Affs. Off. =

tell Mr. Margolis that he was voluntarily

remain incarcerated during the entirety

waiving his right to a preliminary hear-o

of the pretrial and trial proceedings."

elephone Rm. -

ing.

Escorted by Police Cars

¡rector's Sec'y -

' Some Evidence Required

Mr. Hinckley had been held since Mon-

At such. a hearing, the Government

day night in a prison at the Marine base

would have been required to present.:

in Quantico, Va. He was taken by helicop

some of its evidence against Mr. Hinck-

ter this morning from Quantico to Fort

ley, showing that there was "probable

Leslie J. McNair, an Army installation in

cause" to believe that he shot at Mr. Rea-

gan and at Timothy J. McCarthy Presi

southwest Washington. From there he

& Se

proceeded in a limousine, escorted by pa

cret Service agent protecting the

lice cars and motorcycles, to the court-

dent.

house.

While James S. Brady, the White House

There were security personnel on top of

press secretary, and Thomas K. Delahan-

the courthouse and several nearby buil-

ty, a District of Columbia policeman, i

ings. Guards frisked everyone entering

were also wounded in the attack on Presi-

the courtroom where Mr. Hinckley ap

dent Reagan Monday, Mr. Hinckley is

peared. Security was so tight that James

charged only with attempting to kill the l

F. Davey, the chief clerk of the court, was

President and with assaulting a Secret| required to show identification. As an

Service agent.

added precaution, a paramedic, with oxy-

Vincent J. Fuller, the senior lawyer on

gen and emergency equipment, sat be

hind Mr. Hinckley in court

Mr. Finckley Sthree-man defense team, :

objected strenuously to any comprehen-

In Denver, meanwhile, William Sells, a

sive examination of his client by Govern-,

neighbor of the Hinckley family, fold re-

porters that the defendant apparentiv

ment psychiatrists at this time. First, he

last visited his parents' home in Suburban

argued, psychiatrists chosen by defense

Evergreen last week. Mr. Sells said that

attomeys should be given

"immediate

áccess!'

-to- Mr.

-Hinckley-to-"consider

Mr. Hinckley left his car in the family ga-

whether or not a defense of insanity will

rage and told his parents that he was

be raised in this case."

going to California to look for a job.

William H. Webster, Director of the

But Mr. Margolis ordered the compre

hensive examination and also authorized

Federal Bureau of Investigation, said

today that bureau agents had searched

a Federal grand jury to begin reviewing

the car.

he evidence against Mr. Hinckley.

Mr. Buller and the other defense attor.

Babby.

competent to stand trial.

But Mr. Fuller appealed Mr. Margo

lis's order on the comprehensive exami-

nation to Judge Bryant,

who issued a

similar order upholding the magistrate's

decision. Judge Bryant assured the de

fense attorneys that their psychiatric ex-

perts would have "equal access" to Mr.

Hinckley.

harles F.C. Ruff. the United State

ttorney here, said that a full menta

examination was justified by the fact that

Mr. Hinckley had been under pychiatric

care, by "the nature of his life style over

the last several weeks," and particularly

by "the act which was committed on

Monday."

Mr. Fuller said that a full examination

was warranted only after a defendant

had given written notice of his intention

to raise an insanity defense. Mr. Hinck-

The Washington Post -

Washington Star-News -

Daily News (New York)

The New York Times _

The Wall Street Journal

The Atlanta Constitution

The Los Angeles Times

125-311

SEARCHED_

SERIALIZED.

i APR

4-3-81

LINDEXED ‹

FILED _

f: 19811

FBI/DOS

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## Page 37

• Reporters

Fight Hinckley

Judr

and spectaluis,

ind lawyers and court officials

ne to watch the proceedings.

were subjected to a vigorous frisking

joy marshals before they were permitted

¿Into the courtroom. This was after âll-

sanity test

¿Who even approached the corridor had

*passed through a metal detection de-—

Price of the type used in airports.

THE PRINCIPAL topic at the hear. -

sings was the wrangle over what access -

By JOSEPH VOLZ

THE

TWo courtroom" sessions

[government psychiatrists would have

nere one lasted 18 minutes before

to Hinckley, who continues to be held

Washingtón (News Bureau, John

Margolis and the other about 20 mi-

without bail.

Hinckley r., the 25-year-old driter

nutes before Bryant an hour and a half

Charged with trying to assassinate Pres-

later- gave the first glimpse into how

A court-appointed psychiatrist, DE. -

ident Reagan, was judged competent

prosecutors and defense lawyers will.

James Eyans, in a one paragraph report

yesterday to stand trial, but a pro-

conduct the case in the weeks ahead.

to thescourt, said Hinckley was "pre-

longed legal struggle shaped up over

"The key question will be: Was Hinck

I sentis mentally competent to

the ultimate question of his sanity.

ley's alleged shooting of the Presiden

trial." Evans, who examined Hinckley

on Wednesday in an isolation cell at

Over the strong objections of his

defense attorney, Hinckley was taken

House Press Secreta, cueing ate,

Quantico, 40 miles south of Washing

House Press Secretary James S,

ton, added that the defendant "has a

to a federal prison hospital in North

the result of a mental disease?

rational and factual understanding of

Carolina for further mental tests after

• It hinckley's attorney a member of

the charges and is able to participate

two hearings yesterday.

the prestigious law firm headed by

with counsel in the preparation of his

• Hinckley, said to have been öbsessed

Edward Bennett Williams, believes-he

With the idea of "getting Reagan" in

can make that case,

order to win the love of a movie star he-

attempt to mount a/defense of insanity.

Defense attorney Fuller conceded

had never met, was hustled into a

- for the accused assailant.

that Hinckley was mentally competent

to stand trial and, therefore, there was

federal courtroom for the hearings

In his court appearances yesterday,

• under extraordinarily tight security.to

howeves, Fuller was careful to make it

• no reason at this point for a govern

ment psychiatrist to examine his clien

listen to his lawyer try to prevent

clear that he had not notified the court

any further:

Justice-Department psychiatrists from

that he would employ an insanity. de.

Margolis disagreed.

probing his sanity.

Bryant, on appeal, noted that in pas

Throughout the hearings, in the

cases when suspects wre examined bi

In the first hearing federal Magis-

same jam-packed federal courtroom,

trate Lawrence Margelis agreed With a

the pudgy,

court appointed

sychiatrist

that

sandy-haired

hinckley,

psychiatrists a considerable time after

aressed in a dark business suit anc

the alleged crime, "there was always a

Hinckley is "presently mentally compe-

wearing. a bullet proof vest under his

question of reliability." Bryant meant

tent to stand trial," but told the govern-

white shirt and white sweater, whis-

ment to conduct further sanity tests.

pered to one of his lawyers.

INCKLEY'S lawyer, Vincent Eul

HINCKLEY uttered only two words

ler, appealed, He protested the orde

in public-"Yes, sir"-when. Margolis

that the government conduct further

asked if he understood what he was

tests before defense

experts had a

doing by waiving a preliminary hear-

chance to examine Hickley.

The appeal was lost in the second

: The judge told the suspect, who sat

hearing of the das- before U.S. District

More William Bryant.

at the defense tabse with his lawy at

"As you are charged with

Under a

gourt order signed by

'fenses- attempted assault with a pistol

Bryant, Justice Department psychia:

of Secret Service

trists were prevented from examining

McCarthy and a second offense on the

Hinckley until at least noon today to

Presigent of the United States, Ronald

allow his lawyers to file a further.

Reagan... you would have the oppor

appeal.

to put on, & witness if you

The finding that Hinckley is compe

• tent to stand trial merely means he

Hinckley did not so desire, meaning

the case now automatically goes to a

understands his rights and is able to

"help prepare his defense. It does not.

federal grand jury which will deter-

mine if he should be indicted for the

constitute a judgment that the defen-

two alleged federal offenses.

The Washington Post -

Washington Star-News -

Daily News (New York) _3

The New York Times -

The Wall Street Journal -

The Atlanta Constitution -

The Los Angeles Times -

dant was sane at the time.a crime was

committed.

•As for the shootings of White House

Press Secretary James S. Bradg and

After. Bryant's ruling, Hinckley was

Washington Policeman Thomas F. De

Dáte

4-3-81

flown to Butner Federal Correctional

• Facility in Butner, M.C.

ahanty, neither man is considered a

federal officer under the meaning of

Hinckley hau been held until yester-

the federal anti-assassination law. It is

day in the brig af the marine base in

expected that city authorities in

Quantico, Va.

Washington will bring charges against

Hinckley in connection with the attacks

con Brady and Delahanty.

With the nationally televised slaying

of Lee Harvey Oswald, President Ken-

nedy's assassin; in mind, U.S. marshals

mounted extraordinary security efforts

yesterday.

175-311-546 D-6 FBIDO

NW 54952 DocId:32989491

Page 37

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## Page 38

=2-

is better to

conduct the

interviews and examinations as soon as

probabl

"I will admit to you that the reasor

I'm going ahead with this attempt nov

many of Hinckley's actions in the

is because I just cannot wait any

weeks before the shooting, such as the

longer to impress you…... I am doing

fantasy obsession with teen-age movie

all of this for your sake."

star lodie Foster, were aberrant, they

Written at the top of the letter were

do not mean that he was so mentally

the date, "3.30-81," and the time, "12:45

diseased that he was not responsible

p.m."-about two hours before the

for his actions. The defense may try to

shooting that wounded Reagan outside

prove otherwise.

the Washington Hilton Hotel.

REPORTS OF JUST how obsessed

• The letter said, "There is a definite

possibility that i will be killed in my

Hinckley was with Foster, 18, surfaced

attempt to get Reagan.

yesterday with publication-of-the-text

of an unmailed letter found in the

"This-letter is-being written an hour

defore I leave for the Hilton Hotel

downtown • Washington hotel

Hinckley stayed the night before Mon-

Jody, I'm'asking you to please look

into your heart and at least give me the

day's assassination attempt..

chance with this historic deed to gain

"Jody, I would abandon this idea of

your respect. and love," the letter

getting Reagan in a second if I could

said.

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U.S. Judge Orders Further

Exec AD Adm. -

Exoc AD Inv..

Mental Tests for Hunckley

EXeC AD LES _

Asst. Dir.:

Adm. Servs. -

Tentatively Declared Fit for Trial

While the debate over legal techni-

Shortly

after festerday's initial

calities affecting the 25-year-old al-

hearing began, a report was presented

By Joe Pichirallo

leged presidential assailant unfolded

from James L

Exans, a court.

and Laura A. Kiernan

in court yesterday, the search for a

appointed psychiatrist who had exam.

Washington POst Slall WrILere

motive for the shooting and the na-

med Hinckley for three hours Wea-

John W. Hinckles Jr., the drifter accused of shooting

tionwide FBI hunt to track Hinckley's

nesday at Quantico Marine Base

President Reagany

was tentatively declared

mentaily fit

activities for the past year continued

yesterday to stand trial in the attempted assassination. But

In a brief, one-paragraph statement

throughout the country:

read to the court, Evans said that he

a federal judge ordered him to undergo further mental ex-

aminations, primarily to determine i Hinckley was sane at

• Near Evergreen, Colo, & next

found Hinckley was able to under-

the time of the shooting.

door neighbor of Hinckley's parent.

stand the charges against him and

Hinckley, wearing a white bulletproof vest under his

told reporters that, according to the

was capable of assisting in his own

dark blue suit jacket as he sat passively at the defense

Hinckley family, a young man photo-

defense — a routine, preliminary find-

table, appeared in U.S. District Court for a total of 38

graphed at a Nazi rally in St. Louis ir

ing of mental fitness to stand trial

minutes. Dozens of police and U.S. marshals stood guard

1918 and reported to/ve finchey

that was accepted by Hinckley's law-

both inside and outside the courthouse, and even reporters

someone else. In my judgment it

yers and Magistrate Margolis.

and top Justice Department officials attending the hearings

bare no resemblence to John," neigh

However, Judge Bryant ordered

were thoroughly searched.

bor William Selis said of the photo.

that further tests be conducted to

The scheduled purpose of Hinckley's court appearance

Hinckley lau been a member of a

help determine Hinckley's fitness to

was for the government to generally-outline it evidence

neo-Nazi organization for a short peri-

stand trial, which is separate from the

that Hinckley allegedly tried tor assassinate President

od during his wandering around the

more complex issue of whether he was

Reagan outside the Washington Hilton Hotel on Monday

country, but was expelled by the

and that Hinckley should remen in custody while a federal

troup's eaten because they found

¡nane at the time of the assassination

attempt.

grand jury considers an indictment.

' But Hinckley' chief defense coun-

But that, business was cast aside quickly when Hinckley's

• Federal investigators said they

el, vincent u auller of Williams

lawyers waived his right to a preliminary hearing and

believe Hinckley went to Los Angeles

Connolly, sara such an examinatio

Hinckley, standing and rocking back and forth on his feet,

before coming to Washington to pick

for his sanity would be premature

up a .22-caliber handgun similar to

because the defense had not decided

agreed with them by uttering softly

the one allegedly used to shoot

whether it would make such a plea

"Yes, sir" and signing his name to the

Reagan and three others Monday.

waiver document with his left hand

"We are concerned….. that govern-

Hinckley had purchased two such

ment (mental experts] not have access

Hinckley's lawyers - faced with

guns in Dallas late last fall

to the defendant prior to our having

evidence said to include.videotapes.of

He had lived in Los Angeles several

done so on our own terms," Fuller

him firing at the president and a let-

ter to actress Iodie foster saying he

years earlier, and had apparently gone

said.

back there sometime between the

Ordinarily, it is the defense lawyers

would shoot Reagen in an effort to

handgun purchases in October and his

who request such hospitalization to

impress her — said in court that they

March 25

"parture from Denver for

detemine mental competency. Ruff's

were considering entering a plea of

Washington, the souroes said,

early request to do so appeared to

not guilty by reason of insanity. His

parents have said he was under psy-

• Sources at Yale Univenity said

indicate that federal prosecutors are

chiatric care, for five months before

yesterday that Foster, no is enrolle

anxious to block an insanity plea.

as & freshman there and whom

Howyer,

sources say, Hinckley pursued with

Al

US. Attorney Charles

obsession for seven months, received

IC. Raff asked that the government

more than a half-dozen letters signed

be permitted to thoroughly, examine

with Hinckley's name or initials.

A

Hinckley's mental state befote a tean

source said, however, none of the let-

.of defense peychiatristss hired by

ters mentioned Reagan,

Hinckley's lawyers.

Hinckley, who investigators believe

ELS Magistrate Lamence S. Mar-

acted alone in Monday's shooting, is

The Washington Post

Washington Star-News

Daily News (New York) _

The New York Times _

The Wall Street Journal -

The Atlanta Constitution

The Los Angeles Times -

solis granted Ruffst request,

charged with attempted assassination

Hinckley's lawyers immediately ap-

of a president and assault on a federal

pealed the Margolis decision.

pealed the Ma alte dee Distat

'employe - a Secret Service agent

wounded in the attack. Conviction on

Date

4-3-81

Court Chief Judre William B. Byant

the former charge. could result in a

upheld ine decision and gruered

sentence of lie imprisonment

Hinckley sent to a federal mental pri-

further sharges stemming from th

on in Butner, NCu for tests the

rounding of Reagan press secretary

ould last 90 days or more, He wi

James f

Brady and a D.C. police

flown there under beavy guard yester-

discer are under consideration Hinck-

day afternoon.

i ley, the son of a wealthy Western oil.

man, has been ordered held without

bond since shortly after his arrest im-

mediately following the incident.

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Although Bryant's order gives the

defense team equal access to Hinck-

ley, it will be the government staff

that has him under constant observa-

• tion while he is confined in the federal

facility - granting them what

one

observer said yesterday would be "the

'first crack" at evaluating Hinckley's

mental state.

Legal sources familiar with the case

said that prosecutors are probably

concerned that if the government's

mental examination takes place after

the defense conducts its evaluation,

the defense might later at trial chal-

• lenge the validity of the government's

findings.

"It's the beginning of the battle of

the experts. It's the first. volley," one

source said.

Legal sources said yesterday that

pleading not guilty by reeson of insan-

ity is a difficult defense in such cases,

particularly those involving

violent

crime. In such cases, it is up to the

defense to prove that the defendant

was mentally ill at the time the crime

was committed.

Sirhan B. Sirhan, Robert F. Ken-

nedy's assassin, Jack Ruby, who shot

Lee Harvey Oswald in front of televi-

sion cameras and Arthur Bremer, the

man who shot former Alabama Gov.

George C. Wallace, all pleaded insani-

ty. of one form or another. All three

were subeequently. convicted, never...

theless:

"You just don't win in violent

crimes. The jury is afraid of what

might. happen," one lawyer familiar

with such defenses said yesterday.

Federal law governing criminal in-

sanity in Washington is similar to that

in other jurisdictions in that a person

can be declared innocent if it can be

proven that at the time of the crime,

the person either lacked the capacity

action was illegal

erate act

Hotel."

• &gent.

saw the movie.

have become

IT 51955

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his

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## Page 41

0-19 (Rev. 8-20-79)

Court Orders Sanity Tests for Hinckley

But Delays Them to Allow for an Appeal

By a FALL STREET JOURNAL BiajI ReporteT

* WASHINGTON- A federal judge ordered

ohn W. Hinckley Ir, committed to a psychi-

atric facilty for tests to determine if he was

nsane at the time: he allegedly shot the

President.

redera Prison,

Judge

William Bryant ordered medical experts se-

lected bythe government and by Mr. Hinck-

ley's lawyers to have equal access, to him

there. But Judge Bryant delayed all exami-

nations until after 12:30 p.m. today to give

Mr. Hinckley's lawyers time to appeal. They

sought permission to have their medical

team examine him before government doc-

tors, do.

The determination of Mr. Hinckley's psy-

chological state appeared likely to be an im•

portant part of the case. Vincent Fuller, the

lead attorney representing it. Hinckley,

said his experts needed quick access to their

client "to consider whether.. a defense of

insanity will be raised in this case."

Earlter yesterday, Mr. Hinckley's attor-

neys conceded that he was mentally compe-

tent to stand trial, and waived his right to a

preliminary hearing. Mr.

Hinckley

is

charged with attempting to kill President

Reagan and with assault with a gun on a Se-

cret Service agent.

Magistrate Lawrence

Margolis referred the case to a grand-jury.

so far, charges haven't been brought in

connection with the shootings of James

Brady presidential press secretary, and a

District of Columbia

policeman,

both of

whom were injured in the assassination at-

tempt.

Mr. Fuller read into the court record a

briet report from court psychiatrist James

Evans, who examined Mr. Hinckley Wednes-

dav at the Quantico manne base where he

is being held. Mr. Evans determined that

Mr. Hinckley is currently "mentally compe:

tent to stand trial in that he has a rational

and factual understanding of the charges

and is able to participate with counsel in the

preparation of his defense."

Evaluations of whether he was responsi-

ble for his actions would take much longer,

attorneys said.

According to Michael Tigar, a criminal

attorney, the criteria loi determination of

legal insanity in District of/Columbia federal

courts is whether a person "lacks substan-

tial capacity either to appreciate the crimi-

nality of his conduct or to conform his con-

duct to the requirements of the law."

When a defense is based on insanity, fed-

eral courts here have preferred a two-stage

trial, according to Mr. Tigar. The first

phase assesses the guilt or innocence and, if

guilty, the second would determine whether

the accused was insane at the time.

The Butner prison, where Mr. Hinckley is

expected to undergo examinations for as

• Jong as one month, is a medium-security fa- -

cility with some

maximum security cells

and a psychiatric hospital unit, a Justice De

/ partment spokesman said.

David, Abrahamsen, a psychiaini

who has testified i

unusual for a suspéct to be moved so far for

psychological examinations. He believed the

prison was chosen for security reasons.

Mr. Hinckley sat silent and impassive

through most of his two court hearings yes-

terday. He wore a blue blazer, blue trousers

and what appeared to be a white, bullet:

proof vest. He occasionally whispered to one

of his lawyers, but otherwise said nothing

but a polite "Yes, sir" to magistrate Margo-

lis when asked if he waived his right to a

preliminary hearing.

Separately, Treasury Secretary Donald

Regan told a congressional panel he thought

the Nashville, Tenn.,

"should have been passed on" to the Secret

Service by the Federal Bureau of Investiga-

tion. Mr. Hinckley was arrested carrying i

three handguns and ammunition toward a

flight. President Carter visited Nashville the

same day, and Mr. Reagan, who was a pres

idential candidate at the time, had canceled

Secretary Regan said he had ordered an

investigation of how personnel throughout

he Treasury Department performed Mon

y, the date of the assassination attemp

le department includes the Secret Servi

and the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and

Firearms, which traced the gun believed to

have been fired at the President.

_HW 54952 DocId: 32989491

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Intell. —

Laboratory

Legal Coun. -

Plan. & Insp. _

Rec. Mgnt._

Tech. Servs. _

Training

Public Affs. OH. -

Telephone Rm. _

Director's Sec'y -

The Washington Post -

Washington Star-News —

Daily News (New York) _

The New York Times —

The Wall Street Journal -

The Atlanta Constitution

The Los Angeles Times -

Date

4-3-81

6

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## Page 42

01 Hinckley

To Get More

Mental Tests

By Jane Mayer

Hashingzon Star Sull Writer

John W. Hinckley Jr, suspected

presidential assailant, was flown by

government helicopter to the But:

ner Eederal Correctional Institution

inear Durham, N.C,, yesterday under

the kind of security ordinarily re-

¿served for heads of state.

er was chosen by federal of-

artly because of its reputa-

for advanced psychological

research in areas invloving crime -

especially therapy for suicidal and

psychotic inmates.

But one Justice

Department

source also suggested that Butner

swas chosen over Saint Elizabeths

Hospital, a psychiatric facility run

by the District government, because

authorities feared security at Saint

Elizabeths would be a problem.

-The rulings yesterday that Hinck-

ley was competent to stand trial

were based largely on a report by

court appointed

psychiatrist Dr

ayans, who had examined

Hinckley for three hours Wednes-

On the way to the aircraft he wore

fa bullet proof vest

and rode in a

• Evans said in his report, released

black limousine. He was surrounded

$by the court, that Hinckley had

by three

police motorcycles

and

rational and factual understanding

eight cars. With flashing lights and

[of the charges and is able to partici..

wailing sirens, he was whisked from

pate with counsel in the preparation

his public hearings in the US. Dis

trict Court to the Fort Leslie J.

Vincent J. Buller, one of Hinck-

McNair Army installation in South-

Ley's three attorneys, objected vigor-

west Washington.

There,

under

government

armed guard, he boarded a helicop

psychiatrists to examine his client

ter for Butner.

before defense psychiatrists had fin-

Hinckley, the 25-year-old son of a

fished doing so. But JUS, District

wealthy Denver oil executive who

Judge William B_Bryant ruled that

allegedly tried to kill the president

unless Fuller appeals

Monday in a bid to impress teen-age

hours, both sides, will be able to con-

movie

actress Jodie Foster,

was

duct psychological tests simulta-

bound for psychological tests at But-

neously.

• While the tests are conducted, a

This followed a determination yes-

federal grand jury will begin weigh-

terday, in two separate hearings,

ing the evidence against Hinckley,

Ethat Hinckley is competent to stand

Etrial - meaning only that he is able

Meanwhilé, FBI agents tracked

Sto understand the charges against

down leads yesterday from the Park

him and participate in his own de-

Central Hotel in the District, where

Hinckley spent the night before the

No judgment was made concern-

• attempted assassination, to Los An-

ling Hinckley's

geles, where he caught a Greyhound

afternoon when he allegedly shot

bus for Washington on March 26.

and wounded Reagan and three oth-

ers in front of the Hilton Hotel. Nor

Authorities believe Hinckley may

¿ have gone to California from Den-

does the ruling bar Hinckley from

"ver, where he had been staying in

pleading not guilty by virtue of in-•

a motel, to pick up a .22-caliber pistol.

sanity to the charges of attempted

Shots from a .22 pistol hit Reagan

presidential assassination and as

•and three others on Monday.

¡sault on a federal Secret Service of-

FBI agents in Los Angeles are in-

vestigating the possibility that Hinc-

• The question of sanity will be

kley had pawned the pistol there

issessed during the psychological

earlier, or had stowed it with a

Testing at Butner, which could take

friend.

from 30 to 90 days.

¡ Butner is a modern, medium-

FBI agents also continued to trace

security psychiatric prison. Built

¿Hinckley's movements in New Ha-

ven, Conn., yesterday, where he al-

five years ago, it sits on 42 acres, sur-

rounded only by two tiers oi chain-

degedly followed actress Foster to

Kink fence, with no guard tower or

Yale University in September anc

i again in early March. The FBI con-

a it offers both group dormitories

firmed it had received a kidnap

and private rooms. But one Justice

threat against hoster last November,

Department source indicated Hinck-

¿ Which is now under investigation.

ley would continue to be segregated

"Roger Young, an FBl spokesman,

prom the general prison population,

dismissed an earlier lead connecting

as he had been in the brig at the Ma-

Hinckley and a woman originally be

Tine Corps Base at Quantico, Va.,

lieved to have telephoned him at his

where he had been detained since

Washington hotel room, •

his arraignment Monday night.

Also contributing to this story was

There he lived under at our guWashington Star Staff Writer Scot

paltrow,.

ant

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Plan. & Insp. -

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Training -

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Telephone Rm. -

Director's Sec'y -

The Washington Post —

Washington Star-News -

Daily News (New York) -

The New York Times

The Wall Street Journal -

The Atlanta Constitution

The Los Angeles Times

Date

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FBI/DOJ

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0-19 (Rey. 8-20-79)

Hinckey's speedy hal'

expected in 6 months

Washington (News Bureau-According to law,

John W. Hinckley Jr. is entitled to be tried on federal

charges of gttempting to assassinate President

Reagan and assaulting a federal officer-Secret

Serviee agent Timothy J. McCarthy-within 90 days

of the alleged oftense.

The timetable probably will be set back at least 0

days for psychiatric testing. Hinckley was sent to

Buiner Federal Correctional Facility in Butner, N.C.,

for the psychatric exams.

'If Hinckley is found to have been sane at the time

of the shooting last Monday, his case would 'be

formally ' submitted to a federal grand jury.in

Washington, which would then have 60 days to decide

if he should be indicted.

The grand jury, after hearing a string of prosecu-

won witnesses such as Secret Service agents, police-

men

outside the washington Hilton Hotel, will decide if

hane is an indiet endence to charge Flinckley and

hand up an indictment.

THERE WILL BE no preliminary hearing to

decide whether there is probable cause to send the

matter to the grand jury because Hinckley waived his

right to such a hearing yesterday.

Exee AD Adm._

Exac AD Inv.

Exec AD LES.

Asst. Dir.:

Adm. Servs.

Crim. nv.

Ident. -

Intell. -

Laboratory

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Plan. & Insp.

Rec. Mgnt.

Tech. Servs.

Training -

Public Affs. Off. -

Telephone Rm. _

Director's Sec'y -

court here. At that time, Hinckley could enter a plea,

if his lawyers decide he should. If he were to plead

guilty, sentencing would be delayed pending a pre-

sentence report by probation officers who would

examine his background and make recommendations

to the presiding-judge.

If, as expected, Hinckley pleads not guilty, trial

must be held within 30 days under terms of the

federal speedy trial law. But defense lawyers fre.

quently file motions that result in delay; and it

sometimes takes many more months to begin a trial.

The best guess at the U.S. District Courthouse

here is that Hinckley's trial will begin in about six

months.

The Washington Post

Washington Star-News —

Daily News (New York) L7

The New York Times —

The l'all Street Journal _

The Atlanta Constitution -

The Los Angeles Times -

Date 4-3-81

8

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0-19 (Rev: 8-20-79)

PRISON IN CAROLINA

A-FOCUS OF DISPUTE

Butner, Where Hinckley Is to Get

Tests, Was Originally Planned

as Experimental Center

Special to The New York Times

DURHAM, N.C., April 2 — The Federal

prison where the accused assassin John

W. Hinckley If. has been transferred for

pyschiatric diagnosis has a troubled his-

tory ofits own.

he prison, a medium-security facilit

ight miles north of heré off Iñterstate 95

is formally titled the Federal Correc

tional Center at Butner, MC. thouses 250

• Serves Entire East

The diagnostic center handles inmates

from Federal prisons east of the Missis-

sippi for routine examinations of 90 to 180

days.

1s a medium-security prison, Butne

has no walls or' gun towers and the doubi

chain link fence around the grounds is pa-

troled by automobiles that drive along ar

organizations charged that the initial

plans for the prison called for it to be-

come an experimental center for behav.

ior modification,

psychosurgery and

aversion therapy, involving sensory dep-

rivation and extensive use of drugs. The

critics made these statements on the

basis of a booklet calied "The Butner

Plan," a publication of the Bureau of

Prisons, other Prison Bureau documents

and speeches by Dr. Martin Groder, the

psychiatrist who was slated to become.

the first warden.

As the facility neared completion, the

Bureau of Prisons decided that it would

become simply a medium-security prison

and diagnostic center, rather than an ex-

perimental center. Around this time, Dr.

Groder resigned from the prison system.

He is now in private practice in Durham.

Inmates in both sections of the 42-acre

prison live in modern anits housing 50 to

75 prisoners each. They are air-condi-

tioned and carpeted,

with

recreation

rooms with pool tables under skylight

domes, and the rooms have wooden doors

and windows of plastic, rather than bars.

Each unit is named after a university in

the Atlantic Coast Conference,

two of

which, Duke University and the Univer-

sity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, are

within 30 minutes' drive of the prison.

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Public Afts. Off. -

Telephone Rm. -

Director's Sec'y -

The Washington Post -

Washington Star-New's -

Daily News (New York).

The New York Times —

A-R

The Wall Street Journal-

The Atlanta Constitution

The Los Angeles Times

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Laboratory

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Plan. & Insp.

Rec. Mgnt.

Tech. Servs.

Training -

Public Affs. Off. -

I-dach==- Dm.-

Fly Hinckley to N.C. jail-hospital*"-

Butner, N.C. (Special)-John W. Hinckley Jr., charger

Butner, near Durham, N.C., has a capacity of 320

with shooting President Reagan, arrived here last night prisoners and a staff of 200. It was completed in 1976 at

cost of $20 million.

the Federal Correctional Institution.

The two helicopters carrying Hinckley and a guard

From 50 to 75 prisoners are housed' in each of the

one-story buildings. Rooms are carpeted and have TV

force of marines and U.S. marshals landed on the sets, and many inmates live in single rooms with wooden

spring-green lawn of the sprawling, medium security

prison-hospital.

doors and windows without bars.

As soon as the choppers landed, Hinckley, surrounded

Prison officials declined to give information on Hinck-

by six marines and eight federal officers, was taken into

ley's arrival or the corditions under which he will be

•one of the dormitory-like buildings in which prisoners

held for mental tests. But a Justice Department source

are held.

pointed out that when Hinckley was confined at the

The 25-year-old drifter was wearing the same blue suit;

"shirt open at the neck and white bulletproof vest he had

Marine brig at Quantico, Va., he was segregated and held

on at court hearings in Washington earlier in the day.

under heavy guard.

Reporters and photographers, barred from the prison

. There are facilities for overtly psychotic or suicidal

grounds, watched the arrival from a vantage point across

inmates referred by the courts for study and observa-

the road.

tion.

The Washington Post _

Washington Star-News —

Daily News (New York) 14

The New York Times —

The Wall Street Journal -

The Atlanta Constitution

The Los Angeles Times

Date 4-3-81

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F.B.I. Notice on Hinckley Arrest at Issue in I.

By RICHARD D. LYONS

Yet in almost four hours of questions

Special to The New York Times

from subcommittees on both

WASHINGTON, April 2 - Secret Serv.

Capitol Hill looking into the conduct of the

ice officials told Congressional investi-

security forces in the attack on the Presi-

gating committees today that the Federal

dent, the officials of the Treasury Depart-

Bureau of Investigation had not given

ment and the Secret Service maintained

them details of the arrest in Nashville

that if such a shooting were to occur

ast lan OJOhn W. Hinckley Jy., who has

again they would not have any different

been accused of shooting President Rea-

дап.

protective procedures.

The Senators and Representatives re

H. Stuart Knight, the Secret Service di-

varying, or contradictory,

rector, said his agency would want to be

swers to many questions.

told about anyone arrested on a charge of

Illegal possession of three pistols when a

Says He Would Not Change Actions

President was nearby.

the gist of a question asked several

"At a minimum we would have inter-

"Was there a press area out.

Representative Edward.R. Roybal, boratory

Democrat of California, Representative

Joseph P. Addabbo, Democrat of Queens,

and Senator James Abdnor, Republican on. & Insp.

of South Dakota, asked questions about

whether the security procedures on Men:

c. Mgnt.

day had been correct.

The officials repestedly asked if the Se- sining -

cret Service was having problems with

the Federal Bureau of Investigation and

ic Affs. Off. =

police agencies that assist in protecting

phone. Rm. _

"Our relationship with the F.B.I. bas

ctor's Sec'y -

never been better,

Knight said,

even atter saying that Mr. Hinckley's ar-

rest records had not been forwarded.

Secret Service officials said that before

President Reagan's luncheon at the hotel,"•

two meetings had been held with the local

Regan Says Service Was Unaware

police, who were to help with Presidential

protection, and the with the group holding

the lie airy of the Treasury, Pean, Republica of eV de, ros Perl kakal,

the luncheon, the building trades unions.

House panel that the Secret Service had

Some members of the Metropolitan Po

"Well, what would you have done dil-

lice Department who were stationed near

been unaware of any incident at the ferently?" Senator Laxalt asked

the hotel as part of their regular duties

Nashville airport last fall

"We would not have done anything dil-

said that they had never been notified.

"On hindsight, it looks like this infor- ferently

mation should have been passed,". Mr. ice assistant director

" John Simpson, the Secret Serv.

that the President was in the area.,

Regan went on.

Police Deny Knowledge

. "The police department wasn't notified

tuntil 9 A.M. that the President was going

to the hotel, and that was after our regu-

lar 8 A.M. briefing," said one officer.

L'When news of the shooting came over

"the car radio we had no idea that the

President was in the ares."

On other issues, Mr. Knight testified

, that the Secret Service considered 300•to

400-people.in-this-country-potential-risks

, to the President or visiting heads of state.

Mr. Knight said there was no sure pro

file, but that agents tended to check a

subject's previous history of threats, vio

lence and mental disturbance and the

subject's access to firearms.

The Washington Post

Washington Star-News —

Daily News (New York)_

The New York Times _A-17

The Wall Street Journal _

The Atlanta Constitution

The Los Angeles Times.

Date -

4-3-81

FBI/DOJ

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Page 46

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## Page 47

• Secret Service in dark

on FBI's Hinckley data

I KNEW FROM MY training it was

By FRANK VAN RIPER

raxygenated blood, coming from the

Flung," Part said. "I told the driver

Washington. (News Bureau) Secret

"immediately to bead to GW (George

•Service Director H. Stuart Knight said

yesterday that.his agents would have

Washington University Hospital and

interrogated the man accused of shoot-

the did."

Young told reporters yesterday that

ing President Reagan had the FBI

Hinckley's arrest in Nashville mas

reported his arrest last fall for carrying

handied in accordance with routine

three pistols through the Nashville

FBI procedures.

airport the day that President Carter

"With hindsight, you might come up

campaigned in the Tennessee city.

with a different conclusion," Young

Knight was questioned by a congres.

i said. "But without the benefit.of hind.

sional panel on why.conn " Hingkley

sight; it did not fall within that group"

uI., 2s, the drifter charged with shoot-

that requires the FBl to relay the

ing Reagan on Monday, was not on the

information to the Secret Service.

Secret Service's list of potential threats

Young said that only in aggravated

to the President.

Meanwhile, an

FBI spokesman,

¿cases involving possible violent con-

frontation or a more serious threat of

Roger Young, said that there was no

violence would the FBI routinely relay

connection between Hinckley and a

the information to the Secret Service.

woman who was believed to have tele.•

- He said that there are more than

phoned Hinckley •at the Washington

"hotel where he was staying.

• 1,000 such minor cases each year which

Young said the woman was inter-

are prosecuted locally and äre not

reported to the Secret Service. Young

viewed and was cleared of any connec

said that if in the future information on

tion with Hinckley. He said the woman,

minor cases is turned over to the

whom he did not identify, was trying to

• Secret: Service, there is a question of

reach someone else at the hotel, and

what they would do with it to keep

there was confusion by the person who

"track of the additional suspects.

took the call at the hotel desk.

YOUNG HAD SAID earlier yester.

KNIGHT AND REGAN were ques.

tioned by separate congressional com•

day that a woman called Hinckley and

mittees on events surrounding the at-

left several messages for him at the

assassination of Reagan.

hotel. Young-had said-the woman-was

Knight told a Senate appropriations

"one of the leads that are being pur-

subcommittee that Hinckley would

sued." At that time, FBI Director Wil. i

. have been interviewed by his agents as

liam H. Webster had nodded affirma-

a possible threat to the President if the

tively as Young spoke.

FBI had told the agency of the weapons

Both Knight and Treasury Secretary

Donald Regan said the FBI was aware

. "At a minimum, we'd have inter.

of Hinckley's arrest on Oct. 9, but that

-viewed the gentlemen," Knight tes-

the information was not passed along

• tified. He emphasized that cooperation

to the Secret Service.

The Treasury Department, beaded

between the FBI and Secret Service

was excellent. But it appeared that the

by Regan, includes the Secret Service.

dailure of the FBI to transmit the

The FBI is an arm of the Justice

information has become and will re.

main a sore point between the two

In a related development yesterday,

Jerry Parr, the head of the White

Regan told a House appropriations

House Secret Service detail who shoved

subcommittee that the FBI was aware

Reagan into his limousine seconds after

for weeks of Hinckley's arrest in

the gunman began firing, gave a Senate

Nashville. He and other federal offi-

appropriations subcommittee tearing

cials told Congress the information on

& chilling account of the incident.

Parr said he realized in the then.

the weapons charges against Hinckley

speeding timo that the President had

should. have been passed on to the

Secret Service,

which is directly re.

been shot when Reagan's shirt began

sponsible for protecting the President.

showing "bright red blood.";

BEGAN SAID: "I don't know why

"that information was not passed on. In

view of hindsight, it looks as though it

should have.".

Hinckley was arrested in Nashville

carrying three handguns and 50 rounds

lof ammunition in his carry-on luggage

as he attempted to board a New York-

bound plane.

HH 54952

DooId:32989491

Page

47

Nashville that day for

a pub

a meeting." Reagan was

Adm. -

to campaign the same day in Memphis, Inr..

£30 miles

away, but changed his LES

reschedule.

Airport

suthorities turned over

Hackley to the Nashville police and rS.

he was beld on misdemeanor charges. iv.

He forfeited a $62.50 bond and left the

tity. Nashrille police reported the inci-

Ment to the local FBl office.

The Federal Aviation Administra. ory

loon sent Hinckley a letter informing oun.

him that be was being fined $1,000 for Insp.

the seapons violations.

Hinckley's int.

jame still did not make it into the

Secret Service files of potential threats ervs.

to the President.

• KNIGHT AND OTHERS insisted is. Off. -

Suhat despite the tragic

outcome of : Rm. _

monday, the service would not nave; Secy -

changed anything in its routine proce

, lawmakers asked how Hinkley

was able to "infiltrate" the area where

I'reporters and

photographers had

awaited the President.

R.T. McNamara, deputy treasury sec.

retary, said: "There was not an estab.

- lished press area at the exit (of the

? Washington Hilton) when the President

twas leaving." He said that rarely in

such cases was a formal cordoned-off

area established only for the media.

*. Knight, testifying with Parr at his

_side,..said he would prefer it if the

President wore protective clothing at

all times. He said that Reagan has worn

such. clothing-usually. bulletproof

amesh worn either as undergarment or

in the lining of a coat-on several

¿occasions when asked. -

KNIGHT WAS ASKED if he should

* have worn it Monday. "In hindsight, he

should have," he replied

The Senate passed a resolution

praising agents Parr and Timothy

MCCarthy and Washington Police Of

.ficer Thomas Delähanty: McCarthy and

The Washington Post

Washington Star-News -

Daily News (New York) _

The New York Times -

The Wall Street Journal -

The Atlanta Constitution

The Los Angeles Times -

Date

4-3-81

• Delahanty were both wounded in Mon-

day's incident along with Reagan and

White House Press Secretary James

The star of the day was Part, the

crassy-faced, Sk-year-old agent who has

Ebeen with the Secret Service for 18

12

FBI/DOJ

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## Page 48

0-19 (Rev. 8-20-79)

Secret Service Cites

Lack of Information

On Hinckleys Record

"By T.R. Reid

animosity was reportedly strongest in"

Washington Post Blalf Wilter

the aftermath of the assassination of

The Secret Service would

have

President Kennedy. •

tracked

doyn and questioned

John

Accordingly, Knight and Regan de-

W. Hinckley Jr. last fall, and poseibly. alined to second guess the FBls fail-

put him under regular surveillance, if

ure to forward do the secret service &

i han are in Mash if Hit deys

report of Hinckley's arrest at Nash.

ville Airpox last October — on a day

ber, Secret Service Director H. Stuart

When

igen-president. Carter was in.

Knight said yesterday.

that city —on a charge of carrying

In a detailed testimony on security

three Concealed handguns.

measures at the scene of Monday's at-

"In hindsight," Regan said, it would

tack on President Reagan, Knight told

have been better if the FBI had done

a Senate subcommittee that because.

so. But Knight said he could under-

the Secret Service had no sense of any

stand why FBI offficials might not

particular danger that day, it did not

have considered the arrest relevant to

advise the president to wear a bullet-

presidential protection.

proof vest for his trip to the Washing-

The members of the Senate Appro-

ton Hilton Hatel.

priations Treasury subcommittee, who

Kight said Reagan wears "protec heard testimony from Knight and

tive-attire" whenever-the Service rec-

other Secret Service officials, praised

ommends it.

the service's work at Monday's shoot-

Knight also revealed that another

ing. But several senators, particularly

potential assassin, "well-known" to the

Paul D. Laxalt-(R-Nev.), pressed for

Secret Service as a possible threat,

explanations of apparent security

was in the crowd of onlookers Mon-

gaps.:

day close to Hinckley, who is charged

Laxalt wanted to know why the

with attempted assassination -of the

president's limousine was not waiting

president.

directly outside when Reagan left the

This other person, Knight said, was :

Washington Hilton Hotel.

"It ap-

the one some witnesses saw acting in.

peared to be parked maybe 8 or 10

a "herky-jerky" manner just before the

feet further than it should have been,"

shots rang out.

he said.

Knight said agents trained to spot

Knight replied that the car is al-

suspicious people saw this other per-

ways parked a distance from the exit

son, questioned him and ascertained

at that hotel so it is positioned to

that he posed io threat to Reagan.

drive; straight out the driveway, at

Both Knight and his, boss, Treasury.

high speed if.necessary.

Secretary Donald T.- Regan, who testi-

Laxalt and Sen. James Abdnor (R-

fied before a House subcommittee

S.D.) asked several times why Hinck-

yesterday, stated emphatically that

ley and other onlookers were per-

their initial reviews of the incident re.

mitted to stand in a press area a few

•vealed no clear security mistakes.

• feet from Reagan's path to the car.

"I am confident,". Regan said,

Knight and agent Jerry Yar, chier

the. Secrét Service was doing every.

of the presidential provedive detail

thing that would normally be done to

said there was no "designated press

protect a president."

area"' outside the Hiltoh that day.

Both men went out of their way to

They said a press area is not usually

emphasize that the Secret.Service and

needed there because a president leav-

FBI now have what Reagan called "an,

ing that hotel generally goes straight

excellent professional relationship."

to his car and leaves.

¿In the past, feuds between the two'

¿ "Mr. Hinckley was behind a rope

agencies have been reported, and the 'which was a public area, not a desig-

Exec AD Adm. -

Exac AD Inv. _

EXOC AD LES

Asst. Dir.:

Adm. Servs.

Crim. Inv.

Ident.

Intell. -

nated press area," Knight said. He,boratory

said cameramen who say they com-

plained about interlopers among the 9al Coun

working press must have talked to an. & Insp. _

White House aides, because no Secret c. Mgnt. -

Service agents heard these complaints. ch. Servs. —

The senators' chief line of question- rining -

ing concerned the Secret Service's in- ic Affs. Of. _

telligence on potential assassins and

Hinckley's absence from any of the phone Rm. -

agency's lists of people to be watched.

ctor's Sec'y -

Knight said four general criteria

make the service "interested" in some-

one — threats against prominent per-

sons, history of mental illness, access

to weapons and propensity to vio-

lence.

If the Service had known of Hinck-

ley's arrest, Knight said, "We would

i have as a minimum conducted an in-

terview with the gentleman... and as

a result, perhaps something more."

Knight declined to be specific about

"something more" but said the term

could include "observation." He said

there are about 300 or 400 people

"that we are interested in, on, say, a

daily basis."

Knight said his employes would

welcome the senators' praise for the

service,, "because whether it be an

agent on duty or a clerk in a field of-

fies, they feel what happened Mon-

The Washington Post _A3

Washington Star-News

Daily News (New York)

The New York Times

The Wall Street Journal

The Atlanta Constitution -

The Los Angeles Times -

Date

4-3-81

13

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Pare.48

---

## Page 49

•Secret Service Chief

Points to FBI Failure

"In hindsight, he should have

¿Says Agents Needed

Hinckley Arrest Data

E..

• By Howie Kurtz-

-Based on the lack of information

we had about a potential danger, he

has not wearing any."

Knight said his agents had sur-

veyed the area around the Washing:

ton Hilton Hotel several days before

The director of the Secret Service;

said yesterday that his agents would

The presidents speech there Monday

subcommittee

have questioned John W, Hinckley

James Abdnor,

vI, the man accused of shooting

risked why Hinckley was allowed to

§President Reagan, as early as six

months ago l the FBi had notified

get so close to the president in an

nim of Hinckley's previous arrest on

farea reserved for the press, Knight

gun charges.

H. Stuart Knight told a Senate sub-

"There was not an established

press area at the exit when the presi

committee that the FBI failed to tell

dent was leaving the hotel. Mr.

the Secret Service that Hinckley was

Hinckley was outside the hotel be-

arrested last October in Nashville,

Tenn., when he tried to board a

hind a rope that was not a designated

plane while carrying three guns and

Knight's deputy, John R. Simpson,

* Noting that then-president Jimmy

said the Secret Service usually tries

to keep unauthorized persons sep-

Carter-was in town the same day,

Knight said he would have been con-

arated from the press corps, which

cerned that "an unknown person...

nas closer access to the president

than ordinary bystanders. But, he

was in possession of weapons in the

city of Nashville at the same time as

said, "because the crowd was exiting

at the same time, there was'a little

the president of the United States. At

• a minimum, we would have inter-

confusion as the (press) pool was

viewed the gentleman, and as a re-

exiting the hotel."

sen. Paul Laxalt, R-Nev., asked

sult of that interview, perhaps

Why the president's limousine was

something more.

parked about 10 feet from the hotel

• "It we were not satisfied with that

exit. Simpson said the spot was inten-

interview and felt we needed more. tonally selected to allow the presi.

data, we would have done it."

dent-to-make-a quick-exit from-the

When Sen. Dennis DeConcini, D-

jarea, which in fact became neces-

Ariz., asked whether he knew why

'the FBI did not pass on this informa.

sary after the shooting.

Asked whether he would change

tion, which had been provided by

: the Nashville police, Knight said: "I

the security arrangements if he

i do not, sir."

could do it all over again, Simpson

An FBI spokesman later declined

said: "I don't think under the cir-

to comment on the controversy.

cumstances we'd do anything differ.

carlier in the day, Ireasury sec-

ently. It was handled properly and

retary Donald T. Regan told a House

, professionally.".

Each of the senators lavished

subcommittee that he, too, thought

The FBI should have notified the se

praise on the secret service for its

• quick response to Monday's Shooting

cret Service of Hinckley's arrest. "1

of Reagan, press secretary James

don't know why that information

Brady and two law enforcement of

wasn't passed on,

" said Regan, whose

nicials, but questioned whether its

department includes the Secret Ser-

security arrangements could be im-

vice. In view of hindsigat, it looks

proved to detect potential thrèats be-

as though it should have been. (But)

fore they occur..

the FBI didn't think it was warrant.

In response, Knight complained

that his agency has been hampered

Attorney General William French

the attorney

Smith

told reporters outside the

White House that law enforcement

irito s at the serin steret

gencies get word of many events

oke Hinckley's arrest and that it

would be unfair to single out the in-

Te intelligene data tat it ode re

_ ceived from the FBI.

wident in retrospect.

During the hearing of the Senate

Appropriations subcommittee on the

the into hit he hoe sens

said. "My complaint is that they don't

greasury, Knight acknowledged that

have the information they used to

ais agency should have asked the

have." The result, he said, is that the

president to wear a bulletproot vest,

Secret Service has been forced to

as Reagan did during part of last

rely more on time-consuming phys

•ical surveillance.

54952

Doo1d:32969491

• Knight also

local police

reluctant to pass on information

, about potentially violent groups or

individuals because they fear it

might become public under the

Freedom of Information Act of the

Privacy Act.

Knight acknowledged that the Of.

fice of Management and Budget had

forced him to reduce his budget re

quests in recent years, forcing a cur-

• Secret Service has asked for a budget

of $177 million in fiscal 1982, only a

slight increase over this year'slevel.

Knight said that budget con-

straints had forced him to cut in half

an important training program in

Beltsville, Md. that teaches agents

how to react to simulated attacks on

¿ the president.

Some congressional critics say the

Secret Service has been stretched

too thin by being assigned to protect

a growing number of people. Knight

- said the service guards only 20 peo

ple round the clock, but also is re

sponsible for the families of the

president and vice president, former

presidents and their wives or wid-

cows, their minor children under 16,

and about 100 visiting heads of state

reach year, as well as presidential

candidates during campaign years.

Knight said the Secret Service has

a list of 300 to 400 people who are con

• sidered a potential threat to the pres-

ident. Asked why Hinckley was not

* on the list, he said an individual

would have to display several traits

- a history of mental illness, access

to weapons, a propensity for vio

Earlier, Treasury Secretary Regan

said an internal investigation into

how the Secret Service handled the

attempted assassination would be

completed within 60 days. He said

some of the information would not

be made public because of pending

criminal proceedings, but that there

would be no "cover-up."

Exec AD Adm. -

Exac AD Inv.

ExaC AD LES

Asst. Dir.:

Adm. Servs.

Crim. Inv..

Ident. -

Intell. -

Laboratory

Legal Coun.

Plon. &.Insp.

Rec. Mgnt.

Tech. Servs.

Training

Public Affs. Off. -

Telephone Rm. -

Director's Sec'y -

The Washington Post

Washington Star-News

Al

Daily News (New York) -

The New York Times -

The Wall Street Journal -

The Atlanta Constitution

The Los Angeles Times -

Date

4-3-8/

Regan said he doubted the admin

Fistration would drop its opposition

Kincluding "the registration proct

Edures and methods we have used i

"the past."

4

FBI/DOS

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## Page 50

c Fears of Explosive Bulla

Force Surgery on Officer

By Charles R. Babcock

and Pete Barley

Washingion Post Stalf Wrilers

District of Columbia police dicer nomas a

Belahanty underwent successful emergency surger

at Washington Hospital Center last night to remove

a bullet lodged in his neck after the FBI concluded

that alleged assailant John W. Hinckley. u. may

have been firing explosive

"Devastator" bullets at

President Reagan.

FBI spokesman Roger Young said the decision to

operate on Delahanty — one of three men wounded

with Reagan in Monday's attack — was made be-

cause it was possibile that an explosive charge in

the slug of the .22-caliber bullet was unstable and

could detonate.

A Washington Hospital Center spokesman said

last night that Delahanty agreed to the surgery and

that two volunteer doctors, reportedly wearing flak

jackets, operated on him in an isolated room.

Delahanty-was in. "serious but.sta-

ble" condition early today after about

three hours of surgery during which

the bullet was removed, a hospital

spokesman said.

The bullet was turned over to the

FBI, but there was no immediate in-

formation as to whether it was a

"Devastator." An FBI spokesman said

the bullet would be examined this

morning.

Authorities began considering the

possibility that the rare bullets were

used in Hinckley's alleged attack on

the president when an empty cart.

ridge box with the "Devastator" Label

was found in Hinckley's hotel room

Monday afternoon.

Late yesterday afternoon,

FBI

agents found in the car fragments of

. the bullet that hit the president's lim-

ousine window. Delahanty's doctors

were told of the increased possibility

that he had been hit by an explosive

bullet,

and

surgery

was ordered,

Young said.

Four fragments of a bullet had been

removéd Monday from the brain of

presidential press secretary James S.

Brady, Young said.

The bullet that hit Reagan in the

chest ricocheted off his limousine but

did not explode, and will be examined

today to determine it it, too,

is a

"Devastator," Young said. He said it is

possible that all six of the bullets fired

were the exploding "Devastators."

It is not known why some of the

bullets

allegedly fired by Hinckley

apparently exploded while others did

not. For instance, the bullet that hit

Brady may have exploded when it

struck his skull, Young said. Others

may have malfunctioned, he said.

The bullet is designed to explode

and fragment in impact. It is made

by Bingham Lita,, a firm in Norcros

Ga., by putting an aluminum ca

filled with explosive into the nose of a

normal .22-cal. long

, rifle cartridge.

: The cartridges cost $7.12 for a box of

12, compared with a top retail price

• of about $2.40 for a box of 50 stan-

dard cartridges.

Young said it is not known yet

where Hinckley could have purchased

the deadly cartridges or how many he

bought. An official of the Bingham

company told a Washington Post re-

porter recently that his firm has been

making the "Devastators" since 1978

rand sells them to about 3,000 custom-

*ers nationwide.

They were, originally made for use

Toy police, he said, and because of the

explosive power they have the impact

of a much larger bullet, such as 9mm

for .38 cal.

George Kass,

a Michigan expert

"and police,

consultant on .22-cal. am-

munition, called the "Devastator" a.

gimmick that never did well on the

market. A District police firearms ex-

" pert said he had never encountered

one of the explosive bullets.

An advertisement for the "Devas-

*ator" shows a picture of a shattered

Coke can with the printed claim that

"our .22-cal. Devastator" inflicted the

• damage from a distance of 50 feet,

Young said.

• Richard M. Loughery, chief execu-

tive officer at Washington Hospital

Center, briefed reporters about 10:20

last night, saying-the-FBI-had-told the

hospital late in the afternoon that

"there was a very good possibility"

that the bullet lodged in Delahanty's

neck "could be an impact-sensitive ex-

plosive bullet. It was determined it

should be removed as expeditiously as

possible."

. Delahanty and his wife were told

bout 5 p.m. that emergency surge

vas - necessary... Delahanty had e

pected to be sent home today but

now is expected to be hospitalized for

another week.

Dr. Michael Dennis performed th

surgery, assisted by Dr. Norman Ho

"rowitz. Both are neurosurgeons.

"As long as we didn't hit it' (the

bullet with a chisel or drop it on the

floor or something radical like that

we were told we probably didn't have

to worry," said Dr. Howard Champion,

director of the hospital's shock-trauma

unit who observed the operation.

The bullet was lodged near Dela-

hanty's spinal. column, and there had.

' been no plan to remove it until news

Delahanty had been listed in good

condition and steadily improving earli-

er in the dav.

JAmEs

remained in critical condition

intensive-care unit 'at George

-

Washington University Hospital, but.

doctors said he was clearer mentally

and able to move the upper part of

his lait arm-and leg slightly in re-

sponse to commands

Asked 'how he felt, Brady gave a

thumbs-up sign and said, "ine, fine,"

according to a White House statement

last night. The response and move-

ments encouraged his physicians, since

they are concerned about whether his

brain injuries will affect his speech or

• muscular control on the left side of

his body.

"We are a long way from home on if. -

Mr. 'Brady," said Dr. Dennis O'Leary,

≥ a hospital spokesman. Drainage tubes

placed in Brady's head during surgery

Y =

"have been removed, he said, adding

that Brady's eyes are still swollen

shut, but that he had correctly

counted fingers a doctor held up be-

I fore him when his eyes were held

open.

The White House reported that Se

'cret Service agent Timothy i McCar-

thy was in good condition at George

Washington University Hospital, but

was experiencing some sojaness from

his operation. A doctor familiar with

the case said McCarthy may be in the

hospital longer than the president be-

cause he has tubes draining fluid from

both his liver and right lung

Staff writers Keith B. Richburg,

Linda Wheeler, Susan •Okie and San-

dra G. Boodman contributed to this

-article.

Al

The Washington Post

Washington Star-News

Daily News (New York)_

The New York Times -

The Wall Street Journal

The Atlanta Constitution -

The Los Angeles Times -

Date

4-3-81

15

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HH 54952

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50

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## Page 51

HH

Exec AD Adm._

0-19 (Rev. 8-20-79)

Exac AD Int. _

Exec AD LES

. sst. Dir.:

Adm. Servs.

Bullets Explosive,

Crim. Inv.

Ident.-

Intell.

Laboratory

Legal Coun.

FBI Says

Plan. & Insp.

Rec. Mgnt..

Tech. Servs.

Training _

Public Affs. Off. -

Telephone Rm. -

Director's Sec'y -

Officer Hurt

He said the FBI notified Washing-

ton Hospital Center as soon as the bu-

reau's lab technicians confirmed the

With Reagan

finding, but it was not clear why this

process took more than 72 hours.

FBI officials first became aware

Has Surgery

Monday evening of the possibility

that the bullets were explosiyewhen

they searched the Park Central Ho

tel where John W. Lunckley Jr., ac-

cused in the shooting,

Delahanty Serious,

Recovery Expected

By Howie Kurtz

Washington Star Start Writer

The bullets that wounded Presi-

dent Reagan and three other men

i Monday were explosive-type bullets

that could have detonated at any

time, the FBI disclosed yesterday,.

: and a District police officer is in se

• rious condition after one such bullet

iwas removed from his neck last

, staying. They recovered an empty

cartridge box marked "Devastator"

'in Hinckley's room.

~ Some FBI officials believe that the

bullet that

wounded. Reagan

ploded after it ricocheted off his lim-

ousine but

before it entered his

chest. But Divan acknowledged that

the FBI was not certain about this,

and that if the bullet had exploded

first it probably would have splin-

tered into fragments. Doctors at.GW.

hospital said

the bullet removed

from Reagan's lung was "angled" but

"We just don't know if the bullet

exploded before it hit the president,"

The dramatic disclosure by the

FBI raised the possibility that the

president was in far greater danger

than previously believed - that the

bullet lodged in Reagan's left lung'

[could haverexploded while he was

ion the operating table Monday even-

FBi officials also suggested/that

the bullet that struck White House

press secretary James Brady in the

brain may have exploded, which

could account for the sérious injury

Brady sustaned. If the bullets ex-

Z plode upon impact, they tear larger

Police Officer Thomas K. De

shant 45, underwent three hour

of surgery at the Washington Hospi-

tal Center to remove the potentially

explosive bullet in a procedure that

one physician described as "intri-

cate, complicated and difficult."

"If it had blown up inside him, it

could have done significant dam-

"age," said Dr. Howard Champion, the

chief of the hospital's trauma unity

"We treated the bullet with due re

spect."

An FBI spokesman, David Divan,

said the FBI found that the bilets

"were explosive - more than three

jdays after the shooting by analyz.

ling the bullets that were removed

¡from the president and from wound

•ed Secret Service agent smolay v

Carthy

George

shingt

"University Hospital.

than usual holes in the body.

The new revelation also raised the

question of how Hinckley could have

obtained so-called "devastator" bul-

(Hinckley) had some knowledge of

firearms and where to buy them,

"Di-

van said. "You can't just walk into

any gunshop and buy them."

"Ammunition is much more diffi.

""Cult to trace than a gun," he said,

adding that the FBI is continuing to

investigate the origin of the bullets.

The hospital gave the bullet to the

D.C. police department, which has

turned it over to an FBI crime lab

To ho van no rom in on.

nine patrol to guard Reagan at the

Washington Hilton Monday, the sud-

den news clouded what had ap

peare Decorat shiplete

• Doctors at Washington

Hospital Center had pronounced.his

condition as "good."

and were not

planning to surgically remove the

bullet rom his neck because it posed

no danger to his health. In fact, the

officer had been scheduled to be re

leased as early as tomorrow.

Delahanty's wife, Jean, and more

than a dozen police officers, includ-

5- ing D.C. Police Chief Burtell M. Jef.

ferson, came to the hospital last

E night when they received news of

the surgery.

The Washington Post -

Washington Star-News_A - L

Daily News (New York).

The New York Times.

The Wall Street Journal

The Atlanta Constitution

The Los Angeles Times

lets. FBI officials said these bullets,

which have explosive chemicals in

their hollow centers, are extremely.

difficult to purchase commercially.

FBI sources said they believe the

Date

4-3-81

bullets from the box found in Hinc

ley's room were manufactured b

Bingham, Ltd. of Norcross, Gi

hey can be detonated by heat, im.

, pact or some other stimulus, which

Divan said would cause them to "ex.

plode into fragments like shrapnel."

"This gives us an indication that

16

FBI/DOJ

04952

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Page 51

---

## Page 52

"'it

Delahanty was taken into surgery

rat about 8 p.m., where he underwent

Sanesthesia

and

a

last-minute

radiological test to determine the

precise location of the bullet. The

surgery began about y p.m. to re

move the .22-caliber bullet, which

iwas imbedded at the base of his neck

just to the left of his spine, and ended

just before midnight.

Doctors made a six-inch incision

and removed parts of two of the of-

ficer's ribs in order to extricate the

bullet with a pair of surgical forceps.

Delahanty is now in an intensiv

care unit and Champion said tha

barring any complications, he ex-

• pected the officer to make a full re-

covery with minimal, it any, nerve

damage.

Richar exe coug bery et, se hosp

three surgeons and several othe

redical assistants had volunteere

to periorm the operation even afte

being warned that the bullet mighi

explode during the surgery.

"As long as we didn't hit the bul-

lets with a chisel or drop it, it prob-

, ably had a relatively low chance of

* exploding," Champion said. "But if it

did, the consequences would be rati

•er dramatic.

Champion said he didn't know if

the bullet would have exploded if it

had remained in the officer's body,

¿"but there were sufficient unknown

: elements about this projectile that

-heightened-our concern.

Champion said the hospital wa

unable to determine the explosive

*nature of the bullet, before receiv.

Liectile.

Washington Star Staff Writer Jane

..Mayer contributed to this report

HH 54952

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Page 52

---

## Page 53

The

the

tation is, according to

Président Continues

that Reagan, will be

le hospital in about a

Excellent Recovery

week.

The FBI said last night the .22.

Scaliber Slugs that hit Reagan and

---By Jeremiah O'Leary

three others in Monday's assassina-

tion attempt probably were deadly

= President Reagan yesterday con.

'devastator bullets" designed to'ex.

tinued-his rapid recovery from his.

plode on impact.

bullet wound. He took four walks in

• An FBI spokesman said it was "not

"his hospital suite and received a

Hout or the question" that Reagan's

steady stream of visitors, briefings

life was spared only by a fluke - the

and phone calls.

bullet's ricochet off his limousine

The 70-year-old president was vis-

before entering his chest and lodg-

ited by Vice President George Bush,

Zing in his lung.

[L Edwin Meese IlI and Michael K. Dea-

•Advised of that finding, doctors at

ver of the White House staff and by

Washington Hospital Center last

1. his wife, Nancy.

night removed a bullet from the

The White House press office said

neck of D.C. policeman Thomas Del-

the discussions between Reagan and

ahanty, who was wounded in the at-

,. his aides dealt mainly with national

tack. Delahanty was reported in

..security matters. Meese and Deaver

serious, but stable condition alter

& left with Reagan a number of clas-

the emergency operation.

sified documents and briefing mate-

The steady recovery of White

rials to read and some documents t0'

House press secretary James S. Bra-

sign in their brief, early afternoon

dy, whose brain was penetrated by

a bullet Monday, also continues. Last

Last evening's medical report, af - evening, physicians said Brady's

i. ser surgical rounds had been made

post-operative status continues to

at George Washington University. improve and that, the 40-year-old

Hospital, said Reagan continues to

aide is clearer mentally.

3: makes excellent progress. His condi-

The White House reported that

tion is good, the report said; with res-

Brady held a restricted conversation

piration, heart rate and other vital

IF sigas well within normal limits. Dr.

with his physician yesterday. When

asked how he was feeling, Brady re

~ Dennis O'Leary, who has been chief

sponded with the thumbs-up sign

spokesman for the hospital, said ev-

-and said, "Fine, fine."

eryone should have the blood pres-

sure and pulse rates of the wounded t:

Brady also is now periorming

breathing exercises and has gained

Bush, in a conversation with visit-

some minimal voluntary movement

ing Turkish Foreign Minister Ilter'

of the muscles of his left arm and leg

Turkmen, described his meeting

was the most seriously

wounded of the gunman's victims.

with Reagan yesterday afternoan.

"It's such a relief," Bush said. I.was

• He has begun playing a form of catch

with his wife, using a-ball-of-gauze,.

sover there today and he's signing

and has been counting orally when

ê stuff. The danger is doing too much.

*He's energetic. Mrs. Reagan would

The swelling that kept his eyes

¿Ike to see him quieter."

closed has begun to recede and Bra-

One doctor familiar with Reagan's

progress said that he had a "tenden-

dy can now see again. When a physi-

¿cy to push himself a bit," but felt that

cian held up three fingers and asked

Brady how many there were, Brady

there was a "pretty good balance" be

said, "three."

tween rest and work.

At a White House briefing yester-

Meese gave the president a giant

get well card, signed by members of

day GW spokesman O'Leary said that

the Capitol Hill Club.

this implies "good function of rather

The president had a lunch of l

complex nerve passways." He cau-

tioned, however,

"We're a long ways

chicken broth, carrot sticks, celery •

from home on Mr. Brady."

sand radishes, crackers, banana ice

*cream, cookies and water. He took a

He predicted that it could be "six

to twelve months" before any defini-

sorles waik in the hallway in the ai-

tive determination of his mental and

• ternoon with MrS. Reagan.

Reagan's doctors also said he is

physical impairment could be made.

And in the meantime, be added, pos

now receiving only Tylenol for pain

sible complications" could change

Late yesterday medical-sources

a said that Brady was "definitely doing

better" but they were "still cautious

about his outcome.

Secret Service agent Limothy wC-

Carthy also is in good condition and

his vital signs are stable, doctors

F said. The chest tube.has been re-

moved and his injured lung has fully

expanded. McCarthy is now getting

mild exercise by walking

& around his hospital room, os...

One of

ments Reagan

signed yes

& statement

Exec AD Adm.

commemora

year of celebra-

Exec AD Inv.

Etion in Turkey on the centennial of

the birth of Mustafa Kamal Ataturk.

Exec AD LES

When Bush met with Turkmen as

Asst. Dir.:

Reagan's representative, he noted

Adm. Servs.

with satisfaction Turkish efforts to

improve bilateral relations with

Crim. Inv.

Greece and support for intercom-

Ident. -

munal talks on Cyprus. The White

Intell. -

*House said the Bush-Turkmen talks

dwelt on the need for NATO allies

Laboratory

to continue efforts to enhánce their

Legal Coun.

defense posture.

Plan. & Insp.

Standing in for Reagan again to • Rec. Mgnt.

day, Bush is scheduled to preside

over a Cabinet council meeting on

Tech. Servs.

natural resources and the environ-

Training -

ment. Bush today also was to receive

Eduardo Fernandez, secretary gen-

Dublic Affs. Off. -

eral of the Social Christian Party of

¡elephone Rm. -

Venezuela and will meet with Paul-

Director's Sec'y-

Lusaka, the U.N. ambassador from

Zambia.

Yesterday, Bush presided over the

White House meeting with Poland's

-deputy Prime Minister Mieczeslaw

& Jagielski.

sport,:

The Washington Post -

Washinglon Star-News -

Daily News (New York) _

The New York Times _

The Wall Street Journal_

The Atlanta Constitution -

The Los Angeles Times -

'Date

4-3-81

18

FBI/DOJ

HN 54952

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Page 53

---

## Page 54

8-20-79)

ExoC AD Adm. _

Exac AD Inv. -

EXOC AD LES -

In tracing Mr. Hinckley's recent move

Suspect Got Idea

Some Time Ago,

Investigators Say

agents of the Federal Bureau of

- Knowledge of Charge a Factor

Arat. Dir.:

Investigation say that they have found

m. Servs.

Although officials would not disclose

evidence that suggests his planning for

the questions posed to Mr. Hinckley, they

im. Inv.

an attack moved into an active phase

said that typically an examining psychia-

trist asks whether the suspect knows

Tit., -

At that time, Mr. Hinckley checked out

what the charge is and , what the jury and

ell. -

of the motel in Denver where he had been

the suspect's lawyers will expect. In addi-

boratory

staying and began the journey

tion, they said, a doctor seeks to deter-

brought him to Washington on Sunday.

mine if the suspect has the capacity to

gal Coun.

On March 2, Mr. Hinckley traveled by

discuss the charges.

on. & Insp.

air from Denver to Los Angeles. After

Mr. Hinckley is scheduled to appear

By PHILIP TAUBMAN

Spedal to The New Yort Tisses

WASHINGTON, April 1 - John W.

Hinckley Jr., accused of shooting Presi-

dent Reagan, underwent psychiatric

examination today as Federal investiga-

tors collected more evidence that they

said suggested he had been planning for

some time to attack the President.

Investigators have found itineraries for

Presidential trips in Mr. Hinckley's be-

longings, according to Federal officials

familiar with the investigation. They

have also recovered newspaper articles,

photographs and other material about as

sassinations in his hotel room here and in

¡ his family's home outside Denver.

Monday afternoon, according to inves-

tigators, Mr. Hinckley drafted a letter to

the actress Jodie Foster in which he dis

cussed his plan to attack the President. It

was recovered later, unmailed, in his

hotel room here.

"I Would Abandon Idea'

The page-and-a-half letter, hand-writ-

ten on lined paper, was dated 12:45 P.M.,

March 30, just an hour.and 45 minutes be-

fore the President was shot. Beginning

"Dear

Jodie,"

MI. Hinckley

"There is a definite possibility that I will

be killed in my attempt to get Reagan."

He added, "I would abandon this idea

¡of getting Reagan in a second if I could

¿only win your heart." Mr. Hinckley also

wrote, "Give me the chance with this his-

torical deed to gain your respect and

love." And he signed the letter, "I love

Ic. Agnt.

staying overnight, he boarded a Grey-

tomorrow morning at the Federal court-

bound bus for Washington. Investigators:

house here before Magistrate Lawrence

ch. Servs. _

Bay they believe that Mr. Hinckley may !

S. Margolis, who will determine whether

aining -

have gone to Los Angeles, where be once

his continued detention is warranted.

lic Afts. Off._

resided, to pick up the .22-caliber pistol ?

he is accused of using to shoot the Presi-

For the last two days, F.B.I. agents in

iphone Rm. -

California have searching for traces of

dent.

Justice Department officials said that

Mr. Hinckley in a seedy section of Holly-

ictor's Sec'y -

Mr. Hinckley's travels were apparently

wood, where he rented a small studio

indirectly financed by his parents, who

apartment on the third floor of Howard's

been supporting

him

in recent

months.

Weekly Apartments on El Centro Street

They said that there was still no evi-

in the spring or early summer of 1976,

dence to suggest that Mr. Hinckley con-

Mr. Hinckley was last in California on

spired with anyone to assassinate the

March 26, four days before President

"It still looks like a one-man

Reagan was shot.

job," one Justice Department official

On March 25, he took Western Airlines

Flight 45 from Denver to Salt Lake City,

The idea of attacking the President ap-

then changed to Western flight 257 and

pears to-have been in Mr. Hinckley's

continued on Los Angeles.

mind for at least several months, sources

On March 26, he boarded a Greyhound

familiar with the investigation said. They

bus in Hollywood to begin the three-day

said he might have first had the idea

trip to Washington. He changed to an-

while Jimmy Carter was President.

other bus in downtown Los Angeles that

was headed for Pittsburgh, then changed

to another bus for the final leg of the trip.

Photographs of Oswald Found

Federal investigators have surmised-

Mr. Hinckley, they said, was collecting

that Mr. Hinckley may have gone to Cali-

material on assassinations weeks before

fornia to pick up the weapons that were

he left Denver on March 25. Included in

found in his possession in Washington and

his belongings in Denver were photo

that he chose to travel to east by bus

graphs of Lee Harvey Oswald, the assas-

rather than plane so that he could avoid

sin of President Kennedy, and newspaper

baggage inspection.

and magazine articles.about.Mr.-Kenne

He.had.been arrested.at-the-airport in

Nashville in October for illegal posses-

Similar material was found in Mr.

sion of two .22-caliber revolvers and a .38

Hinckley's room at the Park Central

and, although he was released after post-

Hotel here. He checked into the hotel on

ing a bond of $50 and paying court costs of

$12.50, his weadons were confiscated.

Officials did not disclose where Mr.

Hinckley kept itineraries for President

Reagan's travels. That evidence included

schedules published in newspapers and

accounts of the President's

Investigators believe that Mr. Hinck-

visits outside Washington.

ley developed a romantic fantasy about

Investigators say they believe that Mr.

Miss Foster after seeing the movie "Taxi

Hinckley had developed a romantic fan-

Driver" in which she played the fole of a

teen-age prostitute.

The Federal Bureau of Investigation

Miss Foster has said she never met Mr.

has collected several romantic letters

and notes that he wrote and mailed to

No evidence has been recovered, offi-

cials said, that would indicate that Mr.

Mr. Hinckley, who was held in custody

The Washington Post -

Washington Star-News

Daily News (New York)

The New York Times -

A -L

The Wall Street Journal

The Atlanta Constitution

The Los Angeles Times

Hinckley stalked Mr. Reagan on any of

the Marine Corps prison at

Quantico, Va., was interviewed for three

the President's travels since he took of-

hours by a court-appointed psychiatrist.

fice in January. Mr. Reagan has visited

Dr. James L. Evans, a part-time foren-

California and New York City and has

sic psychiatrist for the District of Colum-

made a state visit to Canada.

bia, interviewed the suspect to determine

175-311

Investigators say they believe that,

whether he was competent to stand trial.

- =7

Date

4-2-81

(SUB

D)-SA

1888:08.10

Dr. Evans's findings will be submitted

Hinckley traveled to Washington Sunday

to the Federal District Court here. Fed-

with general, relatively unformed plans

eral Magistrate Arthur L. Barnett, at a

to attack the President.

brief hearing today, agreed with the Gov-

420

4. 1981

They say they believe that Mr. Hinck-

ernment's suggestion that the report be

ley first learned that Mr. Reagan would

I kept secret, for a while at least.

make a Monday afternoon appearance at

the Washington Hilton Hotel, where the

attack took place, when he read newspa-

pers Monday morning:

FBI/DOJ

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Page 54

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## Page 55

Clerks at the Sunset Palms Motel on

Sunset Boulevard in Hollywood said they

were questioned by Federal agents yes

terday

about

whether

Mr.

sinckley.

might have stayed there. However, the

clerks said that there was no evidence

that he had.

'A Sort of Negative Attitude'

Only one of the people who live at How-

ard's Weekly Apartments, near the inter-

Bection of Sunset

and Vine,

had any

memory of Mr. Hinckley. Carey Ehmthe

who has lived at the apartments for 10

years, said he did not know Mr. Hinckley

well but had seen him and recalled that

he had "sort of a negative attitude.

"I kept away from him," Mr. Ehmthe

said.

The apartments are in an area that has

a reputation for being popular with homo

sexuals and is considered by the police to

be a high crime area.

The police say the apartments have

been a source of police problems, includ-

Ing drug sales, assaults, and homosexual

hustling

Arms .38 caliber revolver from & shop

called Kawasaki West, which sells motor-

cycles and guns. According to clerks in

=.

NW 54952

DocId: 32980101 Page 55

-2-

ithe store and Federal authorities, Mr. I:

Hinckley purchased the gun on sale for

$148.35 in cash on Jan. 21.

On Oct. 13, 1880, Mr. Hinckley is said to

have bought a pair of 22-callber revolv-

ers from Rocky's Pawn shop in Dallas.

That was four days after his three guns

were confiscated in Nashville.

With the purchase of the 38-caliber in

Lakewood, Mr. Hinckley had duplicated

the combination of weapons, two.22's and

8.38, that were seized in Tennessee.

When be bought the .38 caliber, the au-

thorities say, Mr. Hinckley identified

himself with a card issued by the Colo

rado Department of Motor Vehicles and

Indicated that he lived at 31340 Brookline

Road in the fashionable suburban com-

munity of Evergreen, 25 miles west of

Denver. That is where his parents live, in

speak with reporters, but neighbors sa

hat Mr. Hinckley only dropped by fron

West Texas panhandle town of Lubbock

as his home

---

## Page 56

• 0,19 (Rev.: 8-20-79)

Exec AD Adm. -

Exoc AD Inv..

ExeC AD LES

Asst. Dir.:

Adm. Servs.

Crim. Inv.

Ident. -

Intell.

Laboratory

Legal Coun.

Plan. & Insp.

Rec. Mgnt.

Tech. Servs. -

Training -

Public Afts. Off. -

Telephone Rm. -

Director's Sec'y -

"sat

An assassin's route to destiny

Washington (News Bureau)Here is

& step-by-step

after noon on a Greyhound bus, changing buses in

account of the cross-country travels of John Warnock

Cleveland and Pittsburgh before arriving in Washington

Hinckley Jr. in the final days before he allegedly shot

at-noon Sunday, March 29. A few hours later he checks

President Reagan:

Wednesday, March 25-Hinckley drives away from the

into the Park Central Hotel, two blocks from the White

Denver motel, the Golden Hours, where he had been

House.

staying for two weeks, in his 1977 Plymouth Volare and

Monday, March 30 (the day of the shooting)-Hinckley

leaves the car in

Evergreen, Colo., near his parents' has breakfast about 9 a.m. at a coffee shop on G Street

home. He boards a Western Airlines flight to Salt Lake

around the corner from the hotel. He is back in his hotel

City, changing to another Western flight to Los Angeles.

. room at 1 p.m., about 90 minutes before the shooting at

Thursday, March 26m He. Leaves tos Angeles shortly

the, Washington Hilton Hotel on Connecticut Ave.

Re:1499 199898 sa97 krill

The Washington Post —

Washington Star-News -

Daily News (New York) _

The New York Times -

The Wall Street Journal

The Atlanta Constitution

The Los Angeles Times

Date 4-2-81

FBI/DOJ

HH 51952

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56

---

## Page 57

on. Hinckley Pursued Actress for Months,:

d. By Ron Shaffer and Neil Henry

Washingson Post Staff Wilter

" John W. Hinckley Jr., President Reagan's

Letter Shows

Asst. Dir.:

Adm. Servs.

Crim. Inr.

accused assailant, had an obsession with ac-

tress Jodie Foster that went beyond infatua-

The two-page letter, addressed but

tion to a long and ominous cross-country

The letter found at the Park Cen-

not mailed to Foster, sketched & por-

courtship, according to sources and the full

tral Hotel here suggested that its writ

trait of lonely, shy and desperate man

tory

text of a letter addressed to her.

er had earlier mentioned the attack

almost pleading for the affections of

Coun.

much, reade know by now, I love you very

on Reagan to Foster. But, the actress

the young starlet.

& Insp.

reads the letter, found in Hinckley's

said yesterday, "In none of these let

"Although we talked on the phone a Ignt.

hotel room and signed with his name: "The

ters or notes I received was any men-

tion, reference or implication

couple of times, I never had the nerve jervs.

past seven months I have left you dozens of

made as to violent acts against any-

; to simply approach you and introduce

poems, letters and messages in the faint hope

you would develop an interest in me."

one, nor was the president ever men-

myself," the letter reads. "Besides my

ffs. Off. -

shyness, I honestly did not wish to

e Rm. -

When that interest never developed, de-

When the FBI contacted her Mon-

bother you with my constant pres-

s Sec'y -

telephone calls and a stakeout of her

day night to inform her of a possible

college dormitory, sources said, Hinckley set

"I know the many messages left at

connection between the notes and the

out to impress the 18-year-old actress with

assassination attempt, Foster said, she

your door and in your mailbox were a

nuisance, but I felt it was the most

what the letter termed a "historical deed," a

felt shocked. "I felt very bad, fright-

i deed that federal investigators have tentative-

ened, distressed," she said. "I acted

painless way for me to express my

love for you."

ly determined was the motive for Monday's

A source familiar with the investi-

Asked by a reporter why she cried

"Jodie," the letter reads, "I would abandon

she answered, "I don't know."

gationi said yesterday that the discrep-

Hinckley stayed at the Park Plaza

ancy between the letter's claim of

this idea of getting Reagan in a second if I

Hotel in New Haven for three days

telephone conversations with Foster

could only win your heart and live out the

last September, and March 1 and 2,

and the actress' statement that she

rest of my life with you,

whether it be in

1981, _according to Wednesday edi-

had never spoken with Hinckley is

fotal obscurity or whatever.*

tions of the New Haven Register.

understandable if the suspect made

. "I will admit to you that the reason I'm

Yesterday hotel officials

anonymous calls to Foster.

Sources said that Hinckley had ap-

going ahead with this attempt now is because

refused to confirm or deny the story,

parently followed Foster to New

'I just cannot wait any longer to impress you.

but a bartender at the Top of the

Haven early last fall, when she began

I've got to do something now to make you

Park restaurant recognized Hinckley

her studies at Yale, and the letter

from a photograh and said he had

understand in no uncertain terms that I am

suggested that its writer had staked

served him more than once last fall

doing all of this for your sake."

out Foster when she became a college

according to the Yale Daily News

"Jodie,"- the letter ends, "I'm asking you to

coed:

On one occasion, according to the

please look into your heart and at least give

"I feel very good about the fact you

bartender, Hinckley spent close to

me the chance with this historical deed to

at least know my name and how I feel

three hours drinking beer there. He

gain your respect and love. I love you forever.

showed newspaper clippings of Foster

about you. And by hanging around -

John Hinckley."

to other patrons, the bartender said,

your dormitory I've come to realize

that I'm the topic of more than a lit-

The letter, neatly written on lined paper,

and claimed he was her boyfriend.

te conversation, however full of ridi-

was dated 12:45 p.m. Monday. Hinckley al-

Hinckley is scheduled to have a

cule it may be. At least you know that

legedly shot Reagan and three others as the

preliminary hearing today in U.S. Dis-

I'M always love you."

president left the Washington Hilton Hotel at

trict Court here on charges of at-

about 2:25 p.m.

tempted assassination of a president

In a news conference yesterday on the

The Washington Post -

and assault on a federal employe — a

Washington Star-News

campus of Yale University in New Haven,

Secret Service officer wounded in the

Daily News (New York)

Conn., where she is a freshman, Foster said

attack. Other charges stemming from

that she had never "met, spoke to or in any

the wounding of a D.C. police officer

The New York Times.

The Wall Street Journal

way associated" with Hinckley, a 25-year-old

and the president's press secretary

drifter and son of a wealthy western oilman.

James S. Brady, are under considera

The Atlanta Constitution

The Los Angeles Times

She acknowledged that she had received

Hinckley is now being representec

several pieces of unsolicited correspondence

bs lawyer Vincent J. Fuller of the

, "John W. Hinckley or JWH" during

firm of Williams & Connolly, who

the fall of last year.

asked U.S. Magistrate Arthur L. Bur-

"I threw them all away," Foster said in a

Date

4-2-81

prepared statement. "This was not uncom-

nett yesterday that the preliminary

hearing be waived and that a routine

mon as I received a great deal of similar un-

psychiatric examination of Hinckley

solicited correspondence.

be canceled. Burnett denied both re-

"At the beginning of March, I received

three or four notes similarly signed. On

March 6, I gave them to my college dean who

gave them to campus police. These are now.

in the custody of the FBI."

Lesterday, a forensic psychiatrig

spent about three hours interviewin

inckley at the Us. Marines Con

ase at Quantico, where Hinckley

being held without bond.

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## Page 58

-2.

was found in the room as well, but

Denver-desed petroleum exploration

sources close to the investigation could

company.

Young Hinckley's family

lived in a fashionable Dallas suburb

The FBI's inventory of these items,

while he was growing up.

said to number more than a dozen

• In recent years, however, Hinckley

pages, was returned with a search

seemed to have become estranged

warrant, and has been sealed by court

from the family, traveling about the

officials.

country without their knowledge, and

•Law enforcement officials spent

living in cheap motel rooms near the

part of the day yesterday reviewin

family home. At one point, Hinckley

videotapes of the shootings. The tapes

joined a neo-Nazi organization, but

¡have been described as "extraordinary"

was expelled because the group's lead-

joy The leven forcement source,

ers considered him "extremist" and

"There are six sounds of shots on

"too violent."

¡the tapes," the source said, and some

Hinckley's mother, Joanne, told a

fim does show a person shooting

reporter immediately after the shoot-

Thomas Baker, a ranking

special

ing that she was unaware that her son

agent at the Washington field office of

was in Washington, and broke down

the FBI, said that investigators have

when informed he was charged with

aken special precautions because c

ast criticism of the probes of majc

tani dishe preside matey the

assassinations and assassination at-

been under psychiatric care for five

tempts.

months and taking Valium, a tran-

All of the items in Hinckley's hotel

I room were photographed, Baker said

quilizer.

In Denver, Baton Rouge, Lu, and

and the entire room was dusted for

Los Angeles yesterday, federal agents

fingerprints - even

though

finger-

pursued possible clues to Hinckley's

prints are not normally taken when a

past in apartment houses and in off-

guspect is already under arrest.

cial records.

Within hours of the assassination

Within an hour of the Monday

attempt, Baker said, FBI agents vid-

shooting, six Secret Service agents ap-

cotaped a reenactment of the shooting

peared at an apartment house in a

outside the hotel, with various agents

rundown section of Hollywood.

playing the part of the participants

Doris Henson, resident manager of

The letter indicates a recognition

and wearing large signs on their chests

the building, told a reporter yesterday

"that an attack on the president could

to indicate whom they were standing

that Hinckley had lived there in a

be suicidal. "There is a definite póssi-

in fot.-

$100-a-month single unit sometime in

bility that I will be killed in my at-

Baker

that FBI offices

1976, and that agents had taken away

tempt to

get Reagan. It is for this

throughout the country are tracing

all records pertaining to his stay there.

very reason that I am writing you this

Hinckley's past activities. "We want to

Agents also visited several

other

letter now."

know where he has-been for the past

apartment buildings in Hollywood,

But, the writer concludes, "By sacri-

year," Baker said. "We don't want to

and confiscated records.

ficing my freedom and possibly my

have anything like 1963 after the as-

Foster's most famous movie role

life, I hope to change your mind

sassination of President Kennedy in

was that of a runaway teeriage hooker

about me. This letter is being written

Dallas where people are still asking

in the 1975 film "Taxi Driver," which

an hour before I leave for the Hilton

Hotel"

about whether there were two gunmen

some investigators feel has a plot with

and whether there was a second or a bizarre parallel to the Hinckley case.

The letter is signed, "I love you for-

third shot."

In that film, the driver, a mentally

ever, John Hinckley."

The FBI has also seized items as a troubled Vietnam veteran, stalks a po-

The contents of the letter were

result of a search conducted at the •litical candidate and prepares-to as-

pieced together through a series of in-

home of Hinckley's parents outside

sassinate the politician before being

terviews with sources familiar with it.

Evergreen, Colo., a wealthy suburb of

scared off by a security agent.

The letter was the centerpiece of a

Denver.

It is not known if Hinckley ever

whole catalogue of personal items that

Law enforcement officials investi-

saw the movie.

the FBI removed from

Hinckley's

gating the case firmly believe that

Law énforcement sources said yes-

room at the Park Central Hotel, 18th

Hinckley acted alone Monday. "We've

terday that an anonymous letter de-

and G streets NW, according to

found no evidence whatsoever to indi-

scribing a plot to kidnap Foster at

knowledgeable sources.

cate a conspiracy," said Thomas P.

Yale was sent to FBI headquarters

Investigators also found in the room

DeCair, a spokesman for the Justice

here.

a receipt for purchase of a .38-caliber

Department.

: Agents are now trying to determine,

handgun Reagan was shot with a

Investigators are still trying to de-

one source said, if the abduction plan

22], a newspaper clipping listing the

termine the identity of a woman who

could be connected to the Hinckley

president's schedule for the day of the

telephoned the hotel several times

case.

shooting and another newspaper arti-

Monday and left messages for Hinck-

The source said Foster was in-

cle that contained the lyrics of some

ley while he was out, sources said yes-

formed of the abduction plan, which

John Lennon songs, the sources said.

There were some reports that a

terday.

apparently was never attempted.

Hinckley is the son of John W.

picture of Lee Harvey Oswald, the

Hinckley Sr., who is chairman of the

Washington Post staff writer Joe

alleged assassin of President Kennedy

board of Vanderbilt Energy Corp., a

Pichirallo contributed to this story.

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• Q-19 (Rev. 8-20-79)

Suspect in assassination

attempt: gun-toting 'loner'

Hinckley may have wanted

extremely troubled man."

to 'impress' young actress

According to a statement released by

Mr. Hinckley's parents, the young man

By a staff correspondent of

"had been under psychiatric care. How-

The Christian Science Monitor •

ever, the evaluations did not alert anyone to

the seriousness of his condition."

An obsessive infatuation with a teen-age

Young Hinckley, blonde and husky, is the

actress may have been the motive behind

son of Denver

executive John W.

Warnock Hinckley Jr.'s alleged

Hinckley Sr. The family lives in Evergreen,

attempt to kill President Reagan.

Colo., an exclusive Denver suburb. Re

Mr. Hinckley wrote to 18-year-old actress

cently, Jack Hinckley had been living at

-Jody Foster several times and even fol-

home, but, according to neighbors, he

lowed her to New Haven, Conn., last fall

wasn't around much.

when she enrolled in Yale University, ac-

While Hinckley does not have any crimi-

cording to wire service reports.

nal record in Colorado, the FBI has turnec

investigators

discovered an

sp an arrest in California on drug charge:

unmailed letter to Miss Foster in Hinckley's

On March 11, he pawned a guitar and type

• Washington hotel room that indicated he

would assassinate the President in order to

"impress her," said one federal source.

"He did it for her," said one source

closely familiar with the investigation of the

wounding of Reagan and three others just

blocks from the White House Monday.

"She's the key."

A statement issued by Miss Foster late

March 31 declared that she bad "never met,

to, or associated with him

(Hinckley)."

As more details about the background of

Jack Hinckley Jr. continue to emerge, they

are beginning to explain why the 25-year-old

Coloradan would attempt such an act.

Chief FBI spokesman Roger Young said:

"By definition, we're dealing with an

and released after the guns were confis

cated. Authorities have since learned that

Hinckley commented at the time on the fact

-that presidential candidate Reagan had can-

celed an appearance there two days earlier.

In Chicago, an official of the National

Socialist Party of America said Hinckley

blow things up."

said Hinckley joined the party in 1978.

Hinckley attended Texas Tech Univer-

sity in Lubbock on and off from 1973 until

1980. Although few people at Texas Tech re-

called Hinckley, those who remembered

him described him as a lonely person.

However, in primary and secondars

schools in Highland Park,-Texas, an incor

porated city of plush mansions and upper-

class homes surrounded by Dallas, Hinckley

apparently had a number of friends.

Hinckley was born May 9, 1955, in

Ardmore, Okla., but moved two years later

with his family to Highland Park.

The family later moved to Evergreen,

but Hinckley remained in Dallas and en•

rolled in the school of business administra

tion at Tech. He never received a degree

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Tech. Servs. -

Troining

Public Afts. Off. -

Telephone Rm. -

Director's Sec'y -

The Washington Post -

Washington Star-News -

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The New York Times _

The Wall Street Journal

The Atlanta Constitution

The Los Angeles Times

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Date -

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## Page 60

0-19 (Rev: 8-20-79)

Kincal

y underg

psycho tests

Adm. Servs.

By JOSEPH VOLZ

or two, made at least one and possibly

_Ident. -

¡more trips to Washington in the last

the sidewalk outside the Washington

Washington (News Bureau)John

year. On one such trip, he may have

Hilton Hotel at 2:30 p.m. Monday.

Warnock Hinckley Jr., the 25-year-old

foured the White House with other

drifter from a wealthy oil family, who

•tourists. United Press International

FEDERAL OFFICIALS aiso told i.

is charged with the attempted assassina-

published a photo yesterday showing a

•congressmen yesterday that Hinckley

tion of President Reagan, was examined

solemn-faced Hinckley, in shirt-sleeves,

did not violate any law when he purch-

by a court appointed psychiatrist yes-

seated by the fence in front of the

ased several guns during his wander.

terday in his isolation cell at the Quan-

executive mansion.

ings over the last two years. According

tico (Va.) Marine Base to determine if

• to published reports, Hinckley bought

** AMONG THE MATERIALS seized

-three guns in Dallas and two in Lub

he is able to appear today at a bail

in Hinckley's hotel room was a Dec. 10

bock, Tex., (he was familiar with Lub-

hearing.

But even as the psychiatrist was

article in The Washington Post, quoting

bock because he had attended Texas

verses written by slain former Beatle

Tech University there off and on for

questioning Hinckley on what forces

John Lennon, who was shot dead on

about seven years). Texas law and

motivated him, there were indications

that the suspect may have been driven*

Dec. 8. Hinckley may have been in

federal law does not forbid the purch-

by his obsession with teenage movie

town to buy that edition of the paper.

ase of the weapons, officials said.

star Jodie Foster. Hinckley's attorney,

Hinckley is faced with two federal

Neither the

FBI nor the Secret

charges "knowingly and intentional. Service reported having anything in

Vincent Fuller, sought to call off the

ly" attempting to kill Reagan, and

their Washington files on Hinckley

- psychiatric exam.

"intentionally assaulting" a federal of-

before the assassination attempt. Al-

Fuller, a member of the Washington

law firm of Edward Bennett Williams

ficer, Timothy McCarthy, the Secret though FBI agents interviewed actress

Service agent who was wounded in the foster last fall after she received an

(Williams and Connally)

told U.S.

fusillade of bullets from Hinckley's anonymous threatening letter,

Magistrate Arthur Burnett that he had

six-shot sr22-caliber/rerolver; Two

agents had not been able to identify the

a two-hour interview with Hinckley on

others seriously injuredinere White sender.. FBI handwriting experts are

the day after the shooting and had

determined that his client was able to

House Press Secretary James Brady, :

now comparing the letter with letters

anown to be written by Hinckles.to.see

understand the circumstances and to

Who was shot through the brain, and a i l there is any simlarid ur the katid:

help in his defense.

Washington police officer, Thomas De writing and style.

LEGAL OBSERVERS speculated

lahanty. Local authorities are expected

that Fuller was anxious to keep the

to charge Hinckley later in those cases.

¿ One question yet to be resolved is:

Justice Department from obtaining any

"Where did Hinckley, admittedly unemp.

more detailed information about his

client's mental state, possibly to re-

loyed, get the money to travel around

"the country in recent weeks? His

serve a defense of insanity if Hinckley

father, John W. (Jack) Hinckley, Sr. Of

is indicted by a federal grand jury and

¿Evergreen, Colo., is an oil company

' brought to trial on the attempted assas-

sination charges.

executive, but young Hinckley has had

virtually no contact with him recently.

Burnett declined to halt the

psychiatric examination, but he agreed

THE WILLIAMS and Connally law

to keep the psychiatrist's report sealed

firm said in a statement released yester

-friend' of-the Hinckley family who is

acquainted with Mr. Fuller" and asked

Hinckley is expected to waive any

• head been paying 574 a week for-thre

twa necks the stayed thefe aid-bogan®

- the trip which eventually led him to

The Washington Post—

Washington Star-News -

Daily News (New York)

3

The New York Times -

The Wall Street Journal -

The Atlanta Constitution

The Los Angeles Times

Date 4-2-81

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0-29 Ret

Hinckley

Undergoes

Mental Test

Psychiatrist Checks

His Fitness for Trial

By Jane Mayer

Washington Star Staff Writer

As federal agents began to piece

together John W. Hinckley Jr.'s al-

leged plot to assassinate the presi-

dent, a court appointed psychiatrist

spent three hours yesterday trying

to. determine if the suspect is men-

tally competent to stand trial.

Hinckley, the 25-year-old son of a

Wealthy Denver oil executive, is be

ing held in an isolated cell under

constant survelllance at the Marine

Corps Base at Quantico. He is

charged with having attempted to

assassinate President Reagan Mon.

day in what authorities describe as

a bid to impress movie starlet Jodie

An unmailed letter to Foster,

seized from the District hotel room

• where Hinckley spent the night be

fore the assassination attempt, re

vealed Hinckley's desperate

self-destructive obsession-with the

"There is a definite possibility that

I will be killed in my attempt to get

Reagan," began the hand written let-

ter on one and one-half pages of

lined paper. "It is for this very res-

son l am writing you this letter now.

.. I would abandon this idea of

getting Reagan in a second if I could

only win your heart and live out the

rest of my life with you...

"I just cannot wait any longer to

impress you... Give me the chance

with this historical deed to win your

respect and love."

The unmailed letter was signed, "I

love you forever, John Hinckley,"

and dated 12:45 p.m. March 30 -

about two hours before Hinckley al-

legedly fired six shots from a .22

caliber handgun into Reagan, White

House Press Secretary James M.

Brady, a Secret Service officer and

a D.C. policeman outside the Wash-

ington Hilton Hotel.

Also recovered from Hinckley's

*belongings in the Park Central Hotel

and from his parent's home in Ever.

-green, Colo., which was searched

yesterday, was literature on presi-

dential assassinations, pictures of

President Kennedy's assassin, Lee

, Harvey Oswald, and itineraries

charting Reagan's movements on re

.. cent trips to New York and Califor-

nia.

,! Liside the hotel room al suo sow

at NW.,

law enforcement offi-

, say, was a newspaper schedule

f Reagan's plans for Monday.

• Officials believe Hinckley acted

alone and may have had general fan-

• tasies

about assassination

. months.

• But they say the plan to shoot the

president probably was not clear in

is mind until early last week, when

he travelled by plane from Denver

to Los angeles, where sources be

lieve he may have picked up a pistol

from a former address, then caught.

a bus to Washington. He arrived

Hinckley, who has been described

as a lonely, aimless drifter, under-

went a battery of tests administered

by Dr. James L. Evans, a part-time fo

rensic psychiatrist with the D.C

mental health administratos, yes

sealed psychological eval.

uation was not meant to determine

Hinckley's sanity, said Thomas P.

Department

spokesman. Rather, he said, it was

designed to determine if Hinckley is

capable of understanding his rights

and participating in his own de

Hinckley, whose parents have

been in touch with him by tele.

phone, is described by authorities as

being in a "subdued frame of mind."

But "DeCair said the suspect was

hearty enough yesterday to eat all

meals, to appreciate clean blue jeans

and reading materials. He is said to

DeCair would not say what Hinck

ley had asked to read, but noted that

he is being shielded from news ac-

counts of the assassination attempt.

While the psychological tests were

being conducted, FBI and Secret Ser-

vice agents fanned out across the

country - from New Haven, Conn.,

where Foster gave a brief press con-

ference, to Baton Rouge, La., where

television evangelist Jerry Swaggart

• received a suspicious note. Swaggart

received a hand-scrawled message,

postmarked March 25 from Colora-

do, from someone vowing to kill the

Foster, an 18-year-old freshman at

Yale University, denied yesterday

that she had ever met or associated

with Hinckley. But she and law en-

forcement officials confirmed that

she bad received several love letters

signed John W. Hinkley and J.W.H.,

some of which were slipped under

her dormitory door.

according to

sources, followed Foster to Yale last

fall but may never have seen her in

person. He stayed for several weeks

In September at the Sheraton Park

: Plaza Hotel in New Haven, and re-

turned again this past March 1 and 2.

Mark Targrove, a bartender at the

hotel, remembers a man who looked

• like Hinckley drinking alone at the

bar for three hours last fall, showing

"other guests photographs of Foster

and boasting that he was her boy.

i friend.

I: "Hew - definitely a book," Tar-

yesterday.

AD Adm. -

er

held a

brief

press AD Inv..

conference yesterday on the Yale

campus. Flanked by her mother,

ID LES _

Brandy, who bad lown in from Los Dir.

• Angeles, Foster said She had been up Servs.

I Set by the alleged assallant's obses-

Inv.

sion with her.

"I felt very shocked,

very •-

frightened... very jumpy," Foster

said about the news, which was con-

-•-

ratory

veyed to her by ber roommate. "I sort

of reacted badly," she said. "I guess

Coun.

I cried, or whatever."

•She stressed that "in none of these Kgnt.

letters and notes... was ady men-

tion, reference or implication ever

made as to violent acts against any.

one, nor was the president ever men-

Affs. Off. -

She said she threw away the

earlier notes and, when they arrived

si's Sec'y -

more frequently in March, turned

them over to her college dean.

Foster dismissed the notion that

¡ her role as a teen-age prostitute in

the 1976 movie "Taxi Driver," about

an assassination attempt, might

have inspired the shooting

"It's a piece of fiction," she said.

"It's not meant to inspire people or

tell them to do anything."

"Inno way," she added, "have I

ever been sorry for any of the films

I've done.

"It disturbs me. Anything to do

with an assassination attempt, espe.

cially with presidents... butl know

"I'm not involved."

Yesterday's psychological tests of

Hinckley were conducted over the

objections of his attorney, Vincent

. Fuller, a partner in the prestigious

Washington law firm of Williams

and Connolly.

The Washington Post —

Washington Star-News A-/

Daily News (New York) _

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The Atlanta Constitution

The Los Angeles Times

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At a court hearing yesterday, Full-

er sought to cancel the psychiatric

tests. But US. Magistrate Arthur L

ing the psychiatric evaluation

linckley is scheduled to appear is

U.S. District Court today for a pre

liminary hearing before U.S. Magis

evi-

dence exists to proceed with the

case.

Fuller told the magistrate that his

client was willing to waive the pre.

hearing should be held as planned

with Hinckley present. But it is ex-

pected to be unusually briel, featu

ing - what • FBI sources

poenaed video news tapes of the

-shootings:

Contributing to this story was

John McQuaid, Yale Daily News re

porter.

9

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## Page 63

0-19 (Rev. 8-20-79)

Hinckley

eyed by 2

all the time

Washington (News Bureau,-John

Hinckley Jr., who is accused of attempt-

ing to assassinate President Reagan, is

being watched round-the-clock by a

minimum of two federal, marshals in

his isolation cell at the base brig at

Quantico Marine Base in Virginia.

• The base, a 60,000 acre facility along

• the Potomac River and Interstate 95, 40

miles southeast of Washington, houses

the FBI Academy and Marine helicop.

ter squadron HMX-1, which provides

the helicopters - (known as "Marine

One") used by the White House.

The brig is a squat, one-story, brown

concrete structure built in the early

1970s to. house up to 150 navy and

" marine prisoners serving sentences for

minor crimes. Most of the approximate.

* ly 45 prisoners there serve sentences

-Di-Six-months or less.

said the brig is not especially isolated

~It sits within

sight of the Officers

* Candidate School and a Marine Corps

: Museum and is 1,000 yards from the

The five upon bot hoey

segregated from the other prisoners, a

spokesman for the marshals said. The

suspect is being held in a B-by.I0-foot

cell equipped only with a wall sink, a

toilet and a bed.

Besides the regular complement of

marine guards, marshals also are

• guarding the cellblock area and two

are assigned specifically to

watch

Hinckley nonstol i sides .:

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## Page 64

0-19 (Rev. 8-20-79)

Shop armed Hinckley, city gang

- Guns used by a Chinatown gang were bought in 1978 at the Dallas

pawnshop where John W. Hinckley Jr. purchased the pistol with which

he allegedly shot President Reagan and three

e others, investigators

disclosed yesterday.

City cops and agents of the Federal Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and

Firearms have traced 32 handguns bought by a member of the Flying

Dragons gang in January and June 1978 to Rocky's Pawn Shop. Hinckley

purchased two 22-caliber guns at the same shop last Oct. 13 for $47 each.

One of those pistols was used in monday's assassination attempt.

The guns-all of them 22 or .38-caliber-bought for the Flying

Drag, the Ghost inadows, the titals sad and shootout erry hme tival

gang, the Ghost Shadows, the officials said.

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• 0-19 (Rev. 8-20-79

U.P.I. Releases Photos

Said to Show Hinckley

*Outside White House

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- Q-19 (Rev. 8-20-79)

Teen-Age Actress Says

Notes Sent by Suspect

Did Not Hint Violence

By MATTHEWL. WALD'

Spocial to The New York Tirses

NEW HAVEN, April 1 - The actress

Jodie Foster said today that she received

"several pieces of unsolicited corne

spondence" last fall from the suspect in

the shooting of President Reagan and

that she had thrown them away. But

When she received "three or four more

notes" at the beginning of March, the 18

year-old Yale freshman said, she gave

them to her dean.

• "In none of these letters and notes I re

ceived was any mention, reference or im-

plication ever made as to violent acts

against anyone, nor was the President

ever mentioned," she said this afternoon,

reading a statement to six reporters in-

vited to meet with her.

'Because they came in more frequent-

. ly," she added in response to a question

about the letters, "I automatically didn't

war't to assume anything, and I gave

them to the dean in order to be safe.""

Miss Fpster said that at one time last

year a police officer was assigned to pra-

tect her because of a handwritten kidnap

ping threat but that she had not seen the

threat and did not know if it was con-

nected to John W. Hinckley Jr., who has

been charged with attempting to kill Mr.

Reagan. The Federal Bureau of Investi:

gation is examining the handwritten let-

ter to see if it can be linked to Mr. Hinck-

ley, sources close to the investigation

said. Miss Foster said that she had never

met Mr. Hinckley.

Investigators have suggested that Mr..

Hinckley may have been trying to 'im--

press Miss Foster when he allegedly shot

the President on Monday, wounding three

other people as well. After the shooting,

investigators found an unmailed letter to

Miss Foster in Mr. Hinckley's hotel room

in Washington in which he had written, "I

have killed the President," according to

sources familiar with the investigation.

The letters, received by Miss Foster

last month were given to Eustace Theo

dore, dean of Calhoun College, on March

6, and he gave them to the campus police

the following Monday. The campus police

have not said when they were turned over

"I'm not allowed to reveal any of the

contents, because I don't want to jeopard.

ize the prosecution," Miss Foster, said,

"The letters were

have been love type letters."

She said that the Federal Bureau of In-

vestigation had asked her not to say how

the letters were delivered. Mr. Hinckley

checked into the Colony Inn, adjacent to

the Yale campus, for one night in October

and another in February, according"to

the hotel manager. According to pub

lished accounts, the notes were slipped

under the door.of Miss Foster's dormitory

'PReacted Badly'

Seated in a lounge of Calhoun College,

to which she is assigned, and accompa-

nied by her mother, Brandy Foster, Miss

Foster described how she had learned

that the suspect in the attempted assassi-

nation had the same name as the man

who had written to her. Knowing oniy

that Mr. Reagan had been shot, she re-

turned to her room at about 9 P.M. and

was greeted by a roommate, who had

previously heard her mention Mr. Hinck.

"I walked in the door, and she said,

'Jodie! John Hinckley!'"

"I said, 'John Hinckley what?'" Miss

"She said "John Hinckley! John Hinck-

ley!'" Miss Foster repeated, making a

gesture as if shaking someone by the

"I said, 'John Hinckley what?' " Miss

Foster repeated. Then the roommate ex-

plained, Miss Foster said.

whatever," she said in a soft voice.

Did Not Know Suspect

said, she has been interviewed by the

States Attorney's office.

She emphasized that she had "never

met, spoken to, or in any way associated

with one John W. Hinckley."

know it's not myself that's in

volved," she said.

"I'm in no way in-

volved in any of this, really." She added

that the assassination attempt had upset

her because "violence is very disturb

Asked about reports that Mr. Hinckley

Exec AD Adm.-

Exoc AD Inv.

Another bartender, who did not wish to AD LES

be quoted by name, said the man "wasn't Dir.:

"He was the type of guy you couldn't • Servs.

really forget, because he was just really i. Inv.

weird," said the bartender. "He was say-

ing, Jodie Foster this, Jodie Foster that.

He said he was going out with her and he 1.

Both bartenders said that the man was

not unruly, and neither recalled any indi.

cation that the man intended any via

The manager of the hotel, Val W. Ring-

er, said he would not say whether Mr.

Hinckley had registered there. However,

Inn, said that when Mr. Hinckley stayed! Affs. Off. -

"he came in, signed in, used his one Rm. _

correct name, and paid cash."

"Nobody remembers him at all," said ?''s Sec'y -

not know the suspect and had no insight

She added that she did not regret hav-

jIng made the film. "It's one of the finest

ilms I've ever been in.'

" she said. She de-

scribed the movie, in which Robert De

Niro plays a crazed taxi driver who stalks

a politician and finally kills a pimp and a

number of other men, as "a piece of art "

"It's not meant to inspire people

or tell them to do anything."

Miss Foster indicated that it was possi-

ble that Mr. Hinckley had written to her

before last fall. "Due to my profession as

an actress, I have often been contacted by

" she said in her statement,

adding, "I discourage all strangers from

calling or visiting me. I receive a great

deal of unsolicited mail, but I seldom

Gets 3,000 Letters a Month

who arrived in

New sia en torsy to see her daughter inla

student dramatic stage production,

ting Out," said that Miss Foster receives.

about 3,000 letters a month.

Michael D. Targrove, a bartender st

the "Top of the Park" bar at the Park

Plaza hotel, said that a man fitting Mr.

Hinckley's description spent about three

hours in the bar one day last year, brag-

ging that he was Miss Foster's boyfriend

and trying to show bartenders newspaper

clippings about her. But, said Mr. Tar-

gove, the bartenders did not pay much at-

"We see something like this, we

take it with a grain of salt, " he said.

51952DоcId-72989191

Bare 66

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The Atlanta Constitution

The Los Angeles Times -

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13

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## Page 67

Jodie: Not Invoived'

rv.

ES

with alleged assassin

15.

New Haven (AP) Movie star Jodie

those reports. She told reporters that "Foster in Hinckley's Washington hotelY

•Poster said yesterday that she did not

she had been "shocked" and "frigh-

room after his arrest It also indicated N. .

consider herself "involved" with John

tened" to learn that the letters were

he wanted to impress her by killing sp. -

•W. Hinckley Jr. and that the love

written by the alleged assassin.

Reagan, according to reports.

letters she received from him did not

mention President Reagan or "violent

She said she had received a number

The actress attended the conference rs.

acts against anyone."

of letters

and notes signed either

with two attorneys, her mother and

"JWH" or "John Hinckley" last fall

Eustis Theodore, dean of her residen-

Foster, 18, said at a press conference

and again last month. She described

that her chief link to the case was the.

them as "several pietes of unsolicited

Foster said she learned of the poss-

amount of publicity that has

sUr-

correspondence" received after she en-

ible connection between the notes and Sec'y -

rounded the letters from Hinckley, .

tered Yale. She said she "threw them

the assassination attempt after her

who is accused of trying to assassinate

all away" along with other fan mail.

roommate mentioned the name John

*This is not uncommon as I receive

eason Whown for her role a get not noon associe

Hinckley. The fil agents called a few

minutes later.

five years ago as a 13-year-old prosti. correspondence," she said. "At the be. " "I FELT VERY shocked ...

frigh-

• tute in the movie "Taxi Driver," which ginning of March, I-received three or

included a plot to assassinate a political

four more notes similarly signed (by

tened, distressed... cried, I guess," she

candidate.

• Hinckley). On March 6, I gave them to. said.

In the 30-minute conference, Foster

Investigative sources

said

that my college dean,

who in turn gave

said she hoped the furor over the

Hinckley was infatuated with Foster them to the Yale police. These are now incidents would end so that she "might

and was out to prove his love.

in the custody of the FBI.

Earlier reports said that Hinckley, notes I received was any mention,

"IN NONE OF THESE letters and . resume my normal life" on campus.

25, a drifter and sor of wealthy parents,

Since starting her studies, Foster

had written her that he would kill

reference or implication ever made as

had avoided interviews, but answered

Reagan because the President was

to violent acts against anyone, nor was some questions at her stage debut last

somehow obstracting her movie career.

the President ever mentioned," Foster

week in a student production of "Get-

FOSTER, A FRESHMAN literature

said in a prepared statement.

ting Out," in which she played a prosti

The Justice Department reportedly

tute imprisoned for killing a cabd-

major at Yale University, dismissed found an unmailed letter addressed to - river.

The Washington Post —

Washington Star-News —

Daily News (New York) _3

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Page 67

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## Page 68

• 9-19 (Rev: 8-20-79)

Text of Letter to Foster :...

The following is the text of an

I feel very good about the fact

unmailed letter to actress-Jodie

you at least know my name and

Foster recovered by law enforce-

how I feel about you And by

ment authorties from Room 312

hanging around your dormitory,

in the Park Central Hotel here,

where John

W. Hinckley or.

I've come to realize that I'm the

topic of more than a little conver

stayed, as obtained by The Wash-

ington Post from various sources.

sation, however full of ridicule it

The two-page letter was neatly

may be. At least you know thạt

written on

sources said. The date,

lined pape 3081*

I'll always love you.

'Jodie,

I would abandon this

and the time,

"12:45 p.m."

were

idea of getting Reagan in a second

written at the top of the letter.

if I could only win your heart and

live out the rest of my life with

Dear Jodie:

you, whether it be in total' obscuri-

There is

a definite possibility

ty or whatever. I will admit to you

that I will be killed in my attempt

that the reason I'm going ahead

to get Reagan. It is for this very

with this attempt now is because I

reason that i am writing you this

letter now.

just cannot wait any longer to im-

As you well know by now, I love

press you, I've got to do some-

you very much. The past seven

months I have left you dozens of

poems, letters and messages in the

taint hope you would develop an

interest in me.

Although we talked on the

phone a couple of times, 1 never

had the nerve to simply approach

you and introduce myself. Besides

my shyness, I honestly did not

wish to bother you with my con-

stant presence. I know the many

messages left at your door and in

your mailbox were a nuisance, but

I felt it was the most painless way

for me to express my love to you.

By, sacrificing my freedom and

possibly my life, I hope to change

your mind-about-me. This-letter is

• being writter an hour before I

leave for the Hilton Hotel.

Jodie, I'm asking you to please

look into your heart and at least

give me the chance with this his-

torical deed to gain your respect

and love.

I love you forever.

(signed) John Hinckley

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Adm. Servs._

Crim. Inv..

Ident.-

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Laboratory

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Plan. & Insp. -

Rec. Mgnt. -

Tech. Servs. _

Training

Public Affs. Off. =

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A8

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## Page 69

• 0-19 (Rev. 8-20-79)

Experts Say

Films Can Prod

The Disturbed

BY JERRY BISHOP

8tOJS REPOTLET Of THE WALI:STREET JOURNAL

Could a movie trigger a person to at-

tempt such a violent act as assassinating a

President?

Given a person with the right-or ratber

wrong-type of personality, this very likely

could haopen, say psychiatrists and psycho!-

ogists who have studied the matter.

John W. Hinckley Jr.,

the young man

charged with the attempted slaying of Presi-

dent Reagan, is said to have

been

'in-

spired by the movie "Taxi Driver." The

film concerns a mentally disturbed cab

driver who plots to kill & U.S. Senator and

who at one point tells his teen-aged prosti-

tute paramour,

"If you don't love me I'm

going to kill the President."'

The Unmailed Letter

Investigators reportedly found a letter in

Mr. Hinckley's hotel room addressed to the

actress who portrayed the prostitute in

""Taxi Driver" Jodie Foster. In the un-

mailed™ letter,

according

to Washington

sources, Mr. Hinckley says he killed

the

President. This has led to speculation that if

Mr. Hinckley is the one who attempted to

kill Mr. Reagan, he might have been acting

out a fantasy inspired by the movie.

"Psychiatrists and psychologists who have

studied-the effects of violent movies, televi-

...--

sion and general publicity about violent acts

on people are reluctant to make "armchair"

diagnoses of Mr. Hinckley or the effect on

him of "Taxi Driver." But they say that in

general, movies, television and publicity

could be the catalysts for certain types of

aggressive or mentally disturbed persons to

carry out violent acts.

Eager Viewers

"Everyone watching a film tends to get

Involved in it at the time," says Dr. Harvey

Greenberg, associate clinical professor of

psychiatry at New York's Albert Einstein

College of Medicine and author of the book,

"Movies on Your Mind," a psychological

study of motion pictures.

For most people, Dr. Greenberg says, the

Involvement ends shortly after the movie is

over. But for others it is longer lasting.

"I've seen people who become very

in-

volved, and they're not crazy people," he

says. Some people even mold

their lives

around the personalities of such stars as

Humphrey Bogart or Bette Davis.

"For more troubled people, this involve-

ment with the movies can merge into reality

and it becomes real life," he says.

Dr. Greenberg

declines

to

speculate

about Mr. Hinckley. To gauge the effect of a

movie on anyone, a psychiatrist would have

¡to be familiar with the person's entire life,

be explains.

Exoc AD Adm. _

ExoC AD Inv. -

Exee AD LES _

Kind of Hero

sins of the four U.S. Presidents killed while

"Taxi Driver,"

the psychiatrist nores,

in office say the assassins tended to be men-

was a curious movie in that the rain char-

tally disturbed, socially isolated individuals.

acter obviously is mentally disturbed. In the

tney seem to have internal conflicts, usu-

end, he rescues the prostitute in a violent

ally with some parental figure. The assassi-

orgy o1 killings. The character ends up as a

nation is an "externalizing" or re-enactment

sort of hero.

"In some strange way he is

of this childhood conflict, with the President

sort of all right, as thougt he were rehablli-

serving as a kind of symbolic figure or y

tated," Dr. Greenberg says.

"stand-in" for the parental figure.

"It is't impossible to erect a scenario in

Such a personality "often will be stimu. sp. -

which a disturbed person would reinvent the

lated" by a violent movie, agrees Dr. Irving

movie and live it out asa. kind of attempt at

Schneider, associate professor of clinical: -

rehabilitation,". he theorizes.

psychiatry at Georgetown University in vs. -

To social psychologist Leonard Berkowitz

Washington. "The aimless, defeated, with-

at the University of Wisconsin, any kind of

drawn, schizoid drifter is prone to all kinds

publicity about violent acts can stimulate

of fantasy," he adds

.. Off. -

aggressive behavior, even in normal people.

But, he and others emphasize, It isn't the Rm. -

For a few people who already have aggres

movie per se that triggers the violence, but Sec'y -

sive tendencies, he suggests, the publicity,

rather the personality of the movie viewer.

whether it be a movie or news stories, can

"A movie can be seen by millions, but only

implant violent notions.

one guy acts it out, " Dr. Schneider says.

"If you have a suitably aggressive per-

Exactly what goes on in a person's mind

sonality, then the idea can be translated into

action,"

to translate a movie into violent reality isn't

he explains. Prof. Berkowitz and

known, Dr. Schneider says.

"We psychia-

his colleague, Jacqueline Macaulay, have

trists aren't very good at predicting vio-;

found that in the month following such

lence," he concedes.

• highly publicized violent acts as the assassi.

To New York's Dr. Greenberg,

who has

nation of President Kennedy, the murders of

just completed a study of the current genre

student nurses in Chicago by Richard Speck,

of horror movies, the movies are more a re-

and the sniper killings at the University of

flection of what is going on in the soclety's

Texas, there was a significant increase in

collective mind than a cause of behavior.

violent crimes across-the country, particu-

"Movies are like an extreme Rorschach

Jarly assault and homicide.

test," he says. "The movies pick up on our

"Our study shows that it isn't only just preoccupations and broadcast them back to

the bizarre people who are stimulated. Most

us." For this reason, he explains, he is con-

people become a little more aggressive than

cerned about the new horror movies. "In the

they ordinarily would," Prof. Berkowitz ex-

last 10 years, the horror movies have be-

plains. But, he says, it is the "oddballs who

come more explicit. more traumatizing."' he

show the violent or extreme reaction." He

observes.

recalls that shortly aftér the Speck murders

The speculation connecting a movie with

in Chicago, a young man walked into an Ari

an attempted Presidential assassination. if

zona beauty parior and killed several peo

such is the case, is "fascinating but scary,"

ple. He told police he got the idea from pub-

Dr. Greenberg says.

licity about the Speck murders. Apparently

Prof. Berkowitz recalls, the young man had

spent a month fantasizing about the mur-

ders while target shooting with a rifle.

To certain personalities,

"A movie. can

act as an instigator or a model for certain

behavior,*

ast into at least the teen-age year

sychiatrists who have studied the assa:

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## Page 70

- G19 (Rev, 8-20-79)

Increased Threats

Usually Follow

Assassin Attacks

By T. R. Reid

Washlagton Poet Btaft Wrtter

As the nation looks back with relief at

President Reagan's narrow escape from more

"serious injury in Monday's shooting, security

anicials are looking shead to the immediate

future with concern as they recall a chilling

aspect of the last attack on a president. Just

• 17 days after one assailant pointed a gun at

Gerald ford in 1975, another disturbed per-

son made another attempt on the president's

And those attempts by Lynette Fromme

and Sara Jane Moore immediately prompted

a rush of further spoken and written threats

on the president's life. Then-Secretary of the

Treasury William E. Simon said just after

the second Ford incident that the number of

threats against the president was triple the

normal rate in the days following the two

incidents. Publicity about assassination at-

tempts "tends to invite... deranged human

beings to come out," Simon said.

'Security officials and psychiatrists say the

• increase in threats following an assassination

attempt is a fairly common pattern; people

who have had the idea of attacking a pres.

ident somewhere in the backs of their minds

tend to become more serious about it.

This poses a problem for Reagan and his

advisers as they contemplate the conduct of

the presidency when Reagan returns to the

White House. Should the president purpose-

ty restrict his exposure to crowds — one

member of Congress, Sen. Larry Pressler

(R-S. D.) proposed yesterday that Reagan

• limit future appearances outside Washington

to miliatry installations - or should be

make a point of emphasizing that his style

in office will not be changed because of pos-

sible attacks?

Publicly, at least, Ford chose the latter

course. Hours after a shot from Sara Jane

Moore's pistol had sailed over his head, Ford

rowed not to "cower" or "capitulate" to de

ranged persons. "If we can't have the oppor

tunity of talking with one another, seeing

one another, shaking hands with one anoth-

er, something has gone wrong in our society."

Reagan's chief of staff, James A. Baker

Il, said yesterday the

administration is

thinking about the possibility of reducing

Resgan's exposure to large crowds in the

future. But he noted that Reagan is an out-

going individual who enjoys contact with the

people.

HH 54952

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White House aides said it is possible that

. Reagan will wear a bulletproof vest in future

public appearances - such as he occasion-

ally did during the 1980 presidential cam-

paign. Ford began wearing a bulletproof vest

after the attempts to shoot him.

Meanwhile, official Washington is consid-

ering the larger questions of how protection

can be balanced against the interests of an

open society.

Two congressional subcommittees have

scheduled hearings today focusing on Secret

Service procedures and the general problem

of protecting a president. The senate Ap.

propriations Committee chaired by James

Abdnor (R-S. D.) will question Secret Ser-

vice Director H. Stuart Knight about pro-

tective measures in general and Monday's

incident in particular.

Also today, a House subcommittee will

question Treasury Secretary Donald Regan

— who has jurisdiction over the Secret Ser-

vice — about the same points. Another

House subcommittee plans a private session

with Secret Service officials to discuss details

of Monday's shooting.

Sen. Edward M. Kennedy (D-Mass.), the

younger brother of two men murdered by

assassins, said yesterday that the attack on

Reagan demonstrates anew the need for

legal controls on handguns.

But congressional sources said there didn't

appear to be much likelihood that the broad

handgun restrictions Kennedy favors could

be approved.

Reagan's closest aide, White House coun-

selor Edwin Meese III, said in a television

interview.that he-opposes-gun-control laws.

Where such laws are on the books, "so far,

they don't indicate they really make much

difference."

Exee AD Adm. -

Exac AD Inv.

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Adm. Servs..

Crim. Inv.

Ident. -

Intell.

Laboratory

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Tech. Servs..

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Director's Sec'y -

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## Page 71

• Secret Service

Going to Hill in

Security Probe

Chairmen, of two congressional

subcommittees said they would be.

•gin investigations today on whether

there was a breakdown in security

When President Reagan and three

members of his entourage were shot

Monday outside the Washington Hil-

Sen. James S. Abdnor, R-S.D., said

'his Senate Appropriations subcom•

mittee, which has jurisdiction over

the Secret Service budget because it

is under the Treasury Department,

today will question Secret Service of-

ficials, including Director H. Stuart

"We want to find out what hap

pened and why," said an aide to the

"That's our primary con. :

cern. Budget matters are secondary

at this point."

Rep. Edward R. Roybal, D-Calif

chairman of the parallel House sub-

* committee on Treasury, Postal Ser-

vice and general government, said

he also will hold hearings today to

find out whether, in his opinion,

"there was a breakdown in security"

as for the shooting itself, sources

who declined to be identified say in-

vestigators now believe that Reagan

was hit by a ricochet from one of the

six bullets fired instead of being

struck directly:

Two bullets hit Reagan's limou-

sine. The investigators say the presi.

dent probably was hit by the bullet

which struck the rear door. The in-

vestigators

found miscroscopic

traces of paint on the bullet removed

from Reagan's left lung and the en-

try wound was more ragged than it

would have been had he been struck

directly, the sources explained.

A White House

clined comment on the ricochet re-

al said yesteraay that the

ent should wear a bullet proo

vest whenever he appears in public.

"If he had one this time, nothing

would have happened," he said.

Sen. John Tower, R-Texas, meet-

ing with Pentagon reporters at a

breakfast, also voiced his surprise

yesterday that Reagan had not been

wearing the nylon vest designed to.

"stop low velocity bullets

"I'm surprised he wasn't wearing

one because I was under the impres

sion that he used one whenever he

: got in a crowd situation," Tower said,

•adding that even the thinnest ver-

sion of the customary close-woven

nylon west "would have deflected

Treasury Secretary Donald Regan

told Abdnor's panel yesterday that

his initial impression was that the

Secret Service "functioned in a very

professional and expert manner."

But Reside investigation a

department-wide investigation

what happened on Monday and what

the reaction of the various Treasury

units were." In addition to the Secret

Treasury has jurisdiction

over the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco

and Firearms, which enforces gun

Roybal said in an interview that

coordination between the Secret Ser-

vice, which is under Treasury's

aegis, and the FBI, under the Justice

Department, "appears not to be at,

"The FBI had information about

this (suspect John W.] Hinckley bav-

ing been arrested before, but our in.

formation is it did not reach the

Secret Service. My question is, why

not?" he said.

Counselor to the president Edwin

Meese said in a television interview

Tuesday that Reagan wore a bullet-

proot vest on some occasions during

the 1980 campaign. He said it "would

be up to the Secret Service" whether

Reagan began wearing the vest

The Sécret Service, checking its

actions before and after Reagan and

the others were shot, included a look

at why Reagan's armored car was

parked some distance from the doo

he used to leave the Washington Hil

tos Hotel and whether it should

have been closer.

•Reagan was shot as he walked a

curved path to the car. Had the car

been right by the door, as secret ser-

vice practice usually requires ir

many situations, his path to the car

would have been a few steps straight

iot the door

But, said the agency, it appeared

the car was parked in its usual loca

tion for a presidential visit to the ho

tel.

The Senate

appropriations

subcommittee will hear today from

Secret

Service Director

while Regan testifies before the

House subcommittee.

• even

focusing on Monday'Sec AD Adm. -

an aide to Abdnor. "It's

* just going to be the obvious ques.? AD Inv.

SC AD LES _

But a third look at the Secret Ser it. Dir.:

vice and the assassination attempt.m. Servs.

might come from the House Govern-

:ment Operations

subcommittee,

which has oversight responsibility ent.

for the Treasury.

• A spokesman for Chairman Benja-

min Rosenthal, D.N.Y., said he.want-aboratory

ed a private briefing for members:gal Coun.

before deciding if a more detailed in- an. & Insp.

vestigation was in order.

Sen. Paul:c. Mgnt. -

Laxalt, R-Nev., said the hearings had:ch. Servs.

been set for some time "but we will aining -

get into it, I think they're probably lic Alfs. Oll. _

ready for it."

Secret Service official Laurie. Da- iphone Rm. -

vis said every aspect of the agency's ictor's Sec'y -

actions Monday was under review,

including the placement of the pres.

idential limousine.

Sen. Larry Pressier, R-S.D., sug-

it gested yesterday that both Reagar

and Vice President George Bush lim

it Washington appearances at place:

with potential security problems

that out-of town. public appearances

be on military bases and that they

. wear flak jackets in public.

James Eater stares is me one

James Baker said Reagan is the one

who must decide about his public ex

posure. And, said Meese in an NBC

"Today" show interview, "Anyone

would have a hard time restricting

Ronald Reagan from the people."

The Washington Post —

Washington Star-News A-T

Daily News (New York).

The New York Times -

The Wall Street Journal -

The Atlanta Constitution

The Los Angeles Times

Date 4-2-81

18

FBI/DOJ

- NH 54952

DocId:32989491

Page 71

---

## Page 72

Jos Angeles times

DAILY@

NEWS

NEW YORXE PICTURE NEWAPAPER O

THE ATLANTA CONSTITUTI /

THE WALL STREET JOURNAL.

The Washington Star

Founded in 1852

Published Daily and Sundoy by the Ironing Sto, Manspaper Co

unc tUnshingion fost

FLIL

'F=

=

SPECIAL

EDITION

TION

SPECIAL

EDITION

AU

Or

ATTEMPTED PRESIDENTIAL ASSASSINATION

NEWS ARTICLES

April 1, 1981

:

DAILY PRESS SUMMARY FOR THE DIRECTOR

PREPARED BY

THE OFFICE OF CONGRESSIONAL

AND PUBLIC AFFAIRS

A.M. Edition

21-2/1-1

: 1981

F8: D0.

HH 51952

Docit: 12989191 Page 72-

---

## Page 73

NEWSPAPER ARTICLES OF ATTEMPTED

ASSASSINATION OF PRESIDENT REAGAN

A.M. EDITION

THE SUSPECT

New York Times

New York Daily News

Washington Post

Washington Star

Wall Street Journal

MEDICAL ASPECTS

New York Times

New York Daily News

Washington Post

Washington Star

Wall Street Journal

MISCELLANEOUS

New York Times

New York Daily News

Washington Post

Washington Star

Wall Street Journal

Christian Science Monitor

PAGE

1-24

25-36

37-52

WW 54952

DocId: 32989491

Page 73

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## Page 74

IHE SUSPECI

( Ни 51952

DocId: 32989491 Page 74

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## Page 75

0-19 (Rer. 8-20-79)

Exec AD Adm.-

Exec AD Iny.

ExeC AD LES

Letters Hint Suspect Acted Out Fantasy

Asst. Dir.:

Adm. Serrs..

Crim. Inv.

By PHILIP TAUBMAN

Special to The New York Times

WASHINGTON, March 31 - Federa:

investigators have found evidence that

they believe suggests that John W. Hinck-

ley Jr., accused of the attack on Presi-

dent Reagan yesterday, was seeking to

impress Jodie Foster, a teen-age actress

whom he had apparently never met.

"I have killed the President," Mr.

Hinckley wrote to Miss Foster in an un-

mailed letter investigators found in his

Washington hotel room yesterday, ac.

cording to sources familiar with the in-

vestigation.

According to another account,

Mr.

Hinckley wrote, "It you don't love me,

I'm going to kill the President."

Imagined Insuit Cited

Mr. Hinckley apparently imagined that

Mr. Reagan had somehow insulted Miss

Foster,

officiais said. This suggestion

was contained in another letter to the ac

tress that Mr. Hinckley sent in recent

weeks, they said. The nature of the imag.

ined insult was not disclosed.

Investigators believe that Mr. Hinck-

ley developed a romantic fantasy about

Miss Foster after seeing the movie "Taxi

Driver," in which she portrayed afteen-

lage prostitute.

In the movie, the protagonist, played

by the actor Robert De Niro, is a taxi

driver who stalks a United States Senator

after his romantic overtures toward one

of the Senator's aides are rejected and

later goes on a murderous rampage in a

I seedy Manhattan hotel.

Federal investigators believe that Mr.

Hinckley may have been living out the

role of the taxi driver.

John W, Hinckley, but I do wish to say

Charles F. C. Baif, the United States

that i have never met, spoken to or as-

Attorney for the District of Columbia, I..

sociated with him."

argued against setting ball for Mr. Hinck;,ratory

ley. He said investigators had developed

The police and F.B.I. agents are inves

information indicating that the defendant i Coun

tigating whether Mr. Hinckley went to!

•New Haven and stayed at a hotel for sev.

was "a wanderer and irresponsible." He. & Insp.

added that Mr. Hinckley had "irregular

habits."

eral days last October. They are also

• Mgnt..

seeking

to ascertain whether he sent

The Magistrate informed Mr. Hinckleys. Servs.

notes to Miss Foster while he was there.

that he could face a maximum penalty on ning.

the assault charge of 10 years' imprison-

Actress Received Letters

ment and a maximum sentence of life im- Affs. Off..

Officials at the Justice Department

prisonment for attempted assassination ne Rm. _

said that Miss Foster had received sev-

of a President.

eral letters from Mr. Hinckley in recent.

The courthouse and courtroom were i's Sec'y -

months. They would not discuss the con-

heavily guarded for Mr. Hinckley's ap

tents.

pearance.

The unmailed letter found in Mr.

After the session ended, Mr. Hinckle!

was driven to the Marine base at Quanti

Hinckley's room at the Park Central

co, where he was placed in a cell 6 feet by

Hotel here, omicials said, indicated that

10 feet in a block containing five other

he was in a despondent, fatalistic mood

unoccupied cells. He was given a sedative

and might take some action that would

after an examination by a prison physi-

result in his death.

cian.

Agents of the Federal Bureau of Inves

Psychiatric tests, which were sched-

tigation questioned Miss Foster in New

uled to be administered to Mr. Hinckley

Haven today, according to sources close

today, were postponed until tomorrow.

The tests, officials said, would help deter-

to the investigation.

mine whether Mr. Hinckley can aid in his

Mr. Hinckley was being held today at

defense and attend the bail hearing se!

the Marine base in Quantico,

Va., as

for Thursday.

F.B.I. agents in Washington, Nashville,

Meanwhile, Mr. Hinckley sought leg%

Denver, Dallas, Los Angeles and Lub

counsel at the Washington firm or wii.

bock, Tex., investigated his background.

liams and Connolly. Two lawyers fron

Mr. Hinckley lived in or visited all those

the firm, Vincent J. Fuller and Gregory

cities in the last several years, officials

B. Craig, talked with Mr. Hinckley toda!.

said.

Mr. Craig later said that Mr. Hinckley

. Mr. Hinckley was moved before dawn

had asked them to represent him.

It was not known whether Mr. Hinckle!

to a small, prison cell at the Marine Cor-

or a member of his family made the ini-

rectional Facility in Quantico after the

tial call to the law firm headed-by Ed.

ward Bennett Williams, a leading crimi

nal defense agorney.

The behavior of Mr. Hinckley, whose

life began full of promise, had shitted in

recent years to increasing reclusiveness

and aggressiveness, according to many

people interviewed around the country

since his arrest. [Page A19.]

Miss Foster, now a freshman at Yale

College, issued a statement today that

said:

"The F.B.I. and the U.S. Attorney's of- i

fice have asked me to say nothing about

formal filing of charges against him at a

court session here shortly after midnight.

In his

appearance bejore Federal

Magistrate

Arthur 1.

Burnett in the

United States Courthouse, Mr. Hinckley

was charged min attempting to kill Mi

Reagan by shooting him with a pistol and

with assaulting a Secret Service agent.

Mr. Reagan was shot in the chest yes-

terday as he emerged from the Washing-

ton Hilton Hotel.

a District of Columbia policeman were

also wounded.

Mr. Hinckley was overpowered at the

scene, and the police recovered a .22-cali

ber pistol from him, the authorities said.

Early this morning,

Magistrate Bur-

nett ordered Mr. Hinckley held without

bail. He set a bail hearing for Thursday

morning.

Suspect Had "Irregular Habits'

At one point, when the Magistrate!

asked Mr. Hinckley if he was familiar!

with his legal rights not to enter a plea

and not to give testimony against him-

self, Mr. Hinckley rose from his chair and

answered, "Yes, sir."

Mr. Hinckley was represented by/two

court-appointed lawyers, Edward Wilhite

and Stuart F. Johnson. He was dressed in

heavy cotton blue coveralls cut off at the

sleeves.

The Washington Posi =

Washington Star-Jew's

Daily New's (New York!

The lew York Times -

A -1

The Wail Street Journal -

The dilanta Constantor

The Los Angels Tine-

Date

4-1-8)

As investigators checked Mr. Hinck-

(ley's recent movements, little intorma

tion was made public about their find

ings. According to officials, Mr. Hinckles

appears to have arrived in Washington on

Sunday by bus, possibly from the Denver

area, where his parents live.

They said he checked into the Park

Central Hotel, situated two blocks from

the White House, where he obtained a

room at $42 a

night.

Investigators

searched the room last night, discovering

the unmailed letter to Miss Foster and

other undisclosed possessions.

IDOI

H4 54952 Do01d:32989197

Pate

75

---

## Page 76

0-19 Rev: 8,20-79%

Life That Started Out With Promise Took

Increasingly Reclusive and Aggressive Path

By JOSEPH B. TREASTER

For John Warnock Hinckley Jr., the

youngest of the three children of a proper-

ous oilman, life had'begun full of prom-

Ise. He had grown up in a luxurious home

and attended perhaps the most elite pub

lic high school in Dallas. He was a quiet

Doy, many friends recall, not particularly

memorable, perhaps, but certainly not

unfriendly or hostile.

• As he moved through his late teens and

Into early manhood, however, Mr. Hinck-

ley's passive shyness began, by the ac

counts

many people

interviewed

around the country since Mr. Hinckley

was arrested Monday, to shift to increas

ingly reclusive and aggressive behavior.

By 1978 he had joined the American Nazi

Party as a "storm trooper

"In the fall of

1980 he was arrested in Nashville for ille

gal possession of three handguns on a day

When President Carter was to make a

political appearance there. From time to

time, he received psychiatric care.

Last Oct. 13, four days after the Nash-

ville authorittes confiscated his guns, Mr.

Hinckley bought a pair of .22-caliber re-

volvers in a Dallas pawn shop •for $47

each. On Monday,

Federal authorities

say, he used one of the pistols to shoot

President Reagan.

Today Federal investigators were sift-

ing through the recent years of Mr.

Hinckley's life to determine how he might

have come to attack the President and

whether he might have attempted to

harm any other political leaders.

'Aimlessly Wandering' for Months

In recent months, Mr. Hinckley's par-

ents reportedly told the investigators, the

25-year-old

man had been

wandering" the country. They had pro

vided psychiatric care,

they said in

statement, but they said medical evalua.

Jons had "alerted no one to the serious.

ness of his condition."

Mr. Hinokley's life apparently began to

disintegrate about the time he graduated

from Highland Park High Sehool in 1973.

He enrolled that tail at texas tech Uni

versity in the West Texas panhandie town

of Lubbock, studying business adminis-

tration.

For the next seven years, Mr. Hinckley

studied off and on in red-tile roofed Span-

ish Renaissance-style buildings of the

Lubbock campus, last attending classes

In the spring semester of 1880 as a senior

majoring in English.

- Mark Swafford, a former manager of

the Westernaire Apartments in Lubbock,

Mr. Hinckley lived in a $175

self and seemed to subsist on fast food.

"He Hit Me as Kind of Strange'

"I only saw him with another human

being one time,". Mr. Swafford said, "He

and another guy were going up to his

apartment. They weren't saying any-

thing. I'd say something to him, but he'd

never say anything back. He always hit

me as kind of strange."

Once, Mr. Swatford said, he went into

Mr. Hinckley's apartment to clear a

clogged drain.

"Everywhere, there were bags from

hamburger joints and cartons of ice

cream," he said,

"Dozens of cartons of

ice cream and junk food bags. The place

was a real trash heap."

Mr. Hinckley did not speak to him, he

said. "He just sat there the whole time,

staring at the TV,".

called,

Mr. Swatford re

"That TV and a guitar were the

only personal things he had."

In Denver, a friend of Mr. Hinckley's

father, John W. Hinckley, who is the

president and chairman of the Vanderbilt

Exec AD Adm. =

Exee AD Inv.

Exec AD LES

Asst. Dir.:

Adm. Servs.

Crim. Inv.

Ident. =

Intell. -

Laboratory

Legal Coun.

Plan. & Insp.

Rec. Mgnt.

Tech. Servs.

Training -

Eriergy Corporation, an oil and gas pros Public Alls. Off.

pecting company with annual revenues ofTe lephone Rm. _

more than SA million, said the young man Director's Sec'y -

had shown an early interest in writing

and music.

Last fall, he applied to The Denver Post

pers said

The newspaper said that Mr. Hinck-

ley's application said he had worked

previously as a salesman at a photogra

phy business in Hollywood, Calif., as an

assistant in a Dallas book publishing

company and as a bartender at a supper

club in Lakewood, just outside Denver.

The Denver Post said that it had been

unable to confirm any of the professed

employment record and said that the Hol-

iywood photographer had reported that a

man fitting Mr. Hinckley's description

had applied for a job but that he "knew'

nothing about photography" and was not

hired.

'A Follower, Not a Leader'

In his high school years in Dallas,

Kalina,

water, had been a Triend of Mr. Hickey.

unemployed

"He was a follower, not a leader, and

he was basically fairly lazy," Mr. Kalina

said. "He didn't have too many opinions

at time in life. He was really just a bland

personality, not peculiar in any way. He

just wasn't a great personality, a jock or

intellectual or anything that distinguish-

ing.".

The Washington Pos! -

Hashington Star-New's -

Daily News (New York).

The New Sork Times A - EU

The Will Sireer Joumal —

The Allanta Constiution.

The Los Angoles Tires -

Daic

1/1/81

FBI DOS

HN 54952 D001d:32989491

Page 76

---

## Page 77

Early in 1978 Mr. Hinckley went to the

Chicago headquarters of the National So

cialist Party of America, often referred

to as the Nazi Party of America, and was

accepted as & member, according to Mi-

chael C. Allen, the president-elect of the

organization.

The following year, however, the or-

ganization refused to renew Mr. Hinck.

ey's membership, Mr. Allen said, be.

cause of his "violent nature."

"Talking About Shooting People'

"He kept talking about going out and

shooting people and blowing things up,"

Mr. Allen said. "When a guy comes to us

advocating that, we make the assumption

that he is either a nut or a Federal agent

trying to entrap us. Either way, we don't

want them."

Mr. Hinckley returned to Texas, from

Chicago, Mr. Allen said. But on March 12,

1978, he traveled to St. Louis to partici-

pate in a march to commemorate the 60th

col versal, the burt er the Ameri

terday that at one point as a student at

speakers.

The marchers were attacked with

extra credit book report on Adolf Hitler's

snowballs, rocks and bottles, Mr. Allen

"Mein Kampf" for a class in the history

said, and Mr. Hinckley became

"Mus-

oi modern Germany

tered." The response, he felt, should be

The only arrest that has so far emerged

violence, Mr. Allen said.

in Mr. Hinckley's record came on Nov. 9

"It seemed clear that if we were ever

1980, at the Metropolitan Airport in Nash-

going to let him participate in other pro

ville.

tests, we'd have to keep him in

safer

As he was preparing

to board an

demonstrations or cut him loose," Mr.

American Airlines flight for New York,

Allen said.

security agents, using a standard lug-

gage X-ray machine, discovered three

handguns and some loose ammunition in

his carry on bag.

The guns were confiscated and Mr.

Hinckley was taken

to, the Nashville

Davidson County jail. Herwas booked at

3:13 P.M., the records show,

and was

released at 3:47 P.M. after paying a fine

01 $50 plus $12:50 in court costs.

Law-enforcement officials said the af-

rest was not reported to the secret serv.

Tce until Monday when Rubin G. ques.

the chiet of security at the Nashville avo

port, recognized Mr. Hinckley as the ac.

cused assailant of the President and telt.

phoned Washington.

recorded

data

graile

Dovise countr

...-.

14L 51952 DocTd: 72989491 Page 7Z

---

## Page 78

1-19.(Rex: 8-201-79)

Gun Traced in 16 Minutes

To Pawn Shop in Dallas

By CHARLES MOHR

Special to The New York Times

WASHINGTON, March 31 - The re lof the company — "everybody," in her

volver used to shoot President Reagan

words- had gone home.

was traced to Rocky's Pawn Shop in Dal.

The Federal Firearms Act of 1968,

las within 16 minutes of the time the gun's

enacted after the slayings of Robert F.

Serial number was given to agents of the

Kennedy and the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther

Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Fire

King Jr., provides for new and somewhat

arms yesterday afternoon, an official of

more stringent licensing procedures for

the firearms agency said today.

firearms dealers, of which there are now

It was a "fast trace," in the words of a

approximately 11,000 nationwide.

spokesman for the agency, an arm of the

Treasury Department, which

got the

Sst keep permanent records dealers

must keep permanent

records

serial number from agents of the Federal

serial numbers and of the names and ad.

Bureau of Investigation. However, simi-

dresses of the purchasers of firearms. It

lar cases are routinely handled within a

is therefore relatively easy for the fire-

few hours.

arms agency to trace a weapon found at

Spokesmen for the Treasury Depart-

the scene of a crime if it is a so-called

ment and agents of the Federal Bureau of

"first buy," that is, one that has been sold

Investigation said that the weapon taken

only once at retail.

from John W. Hinckley Jt., the suspect

arrested at the scene of the attack, was a

Steps in Tracing Weapon

Roehm Model RG14, a six-shot, double.

Yesterday, the agents telephoned RG

action revolver designed to tire .22-cali-

Industries with the serial number of the

ber, rimfire ammunition. This is the type

revolver and ascertained the wholesaler

of pistol sometimes called a "Saturday

to whom it had been sold last year. The

night special." (A spokesman for the Se-

wholesaler then said

cret Service yesterday erroneously iden-

had been sold to_Randy's Pawn Shop in

tified the pistol as another weapon:)

Dallas. The pawn shop owner Isaac

Rimfire ammunition is less powerful

Goldstein, said his records showed he had

The bulls of are car, bet, ali can be pe to a man lies on Hinkey on

The pistol wrested from Mr.-

Oct. 13, 1980.

Hinckley also had a very short barrel,

The lyos law also prohibits the mail-

only 1.4 inches long, according to law-en-

order sale of firearms and limits sales to

forcement agents.

residents of the state in which the dealer

is located, except where two contiguous

Wound-Limiting Factors

states have worked out legally accept.

able arrangements for sales between

Because the entire powder charge can-

themselves.

not effectively be

burned in barrels so

i purchaser must mill out and sign a

short, the bullet does not attain the ve

form in which he affirms that he has not

locity it could in a longer barrel, and it

been convicted of a crime punishable by

thus develops less energy or power. The

imprisonment for more than a year, that

relatively low power of the ammunition

he is not a fugitive from justice, that he

and the extreme shortness of the barrel

nas not been committed to a mental insti

may both have contributed to limiting the

tution and that he is not otherwise un-

severity of the President's chest wound,

suited to bear arms.

firearms experts say.

He must aiso furnish what is called

Federal law-enforcement sources here

"positive

identification"

such

as a

also confirmed that the revolver was as

iver's license or something bearing

sembled at RG Industries in Miami from

rotograph and a signature. À Social S

parts manufactured by the Roehm Fire-

curity card is not acceptable.

arms Company in West Germany. The

Some states require that the Federal

pistol has a suggested retail price of

form be submitted to local law enforce-

$47.50, making it one of the cheapest that

nent agencies for a brief review perio

can be purchased in the United States

efore the weapon can be given to thi

A telephone operator at RG Industries

purchaser. But this is not a part of Fed

said today that all managerial personnel | eral law and does not apply in Dallas.

Exec AD Adm. =

Exec AD Inv. _

Exec AD LES -

Asst. Dir.:

Adm. Servs.-

Crim. Inv.

Ident. =

Intell. =

Laboratory -

Legal Coun. _

Plan. & Insp. -

Rec. Mgnt. =-=

Tech. Servs. -

oining =

sblic Affs. 0f

Telephone Rm.=

Director's Sec'ye

The H'ashingson Prisi -

Washington Siar-Jew's =

Daily New's (Nest York).

The New Sork Times A-z/..

The Wall Stares dour.

The Allanie Consticion

The Los Angeles Thars

Date.

4/1/81

F8 "DEN

54952 DocId:32989491 Page 78

---

## Page 79

Love Letter Oners Clue

To Motive in Shooting

By Athelia Knight and Neil Henry

Aside from his obsession with Jodie

Weshington Post Staft Willers

The "young loner charged with

Poster, Hine ey, the di exe a wealthys

a man of few aims or causes. He had

shooting President Reagan had a fixa-

been a member of the National So-

tion for teen-age movie star Jodie

cialist Party of America for one year.

Foster and attempted to assassinate

but was expelled from that neo-Nazi

the president in a grotesque attempt

organization

to get her attention, according to a

in 1979, according to

leaders of the Chicago-based group,

letter found in his Washington hotel

because he was too extremist and vio-

room.

"lent and they feared he was an under-

John W. Hinckley Jr., an aimless,

cover agent.

unemployed, mentally troubled drifter

There are

several events,

some

who in his 25 years made few mends,

had sent several affectionate letters to

mundane and one chiling, that may

have drawn the nondescript wanderer

the actress he had never met, accord-

to the budding actress. Hinckley was

ing to law enforcement sources. An

a voracious reader of newspapers and

unmailed letter was found in his hotel

magazines and might have seen Fos-

room here on the day he allegedly

ter's picture in a recent Newsweek

shot and wounded Reagan.

and read her short first-person ac-

"I will prove my love for you...

count of her venture to Yale in last

through a historic act," Hinckley re-

October's Esquire Magazine.

portedly wrote to Foster. The hand-

Although Hinckley had no known

scrawled,

two-page letter indicated

relationships with women in recent

that Hinckley was going to shoot

years, he seemed to be attracted to

Reagan and that Hinckley himself

young girls. It was learned yesterdas

might also be killed, according to

that in the two weeks before he came

sources. The letter

also said that

to Washington, Hinckley spent much

Hinckley had seen Foster's photo-

of his time hanging around Evergreen

High School in suburban Denver,

graphs many times and that he ad-

mired and loved her.

where he attempted to befriend sever-

al teen-aged girls.

Foster, 18, left Hollywood last fall

There is also a certain parallel be-

to begin studies as a freshman at Yale

tween Hinckley and a character in a

University. Officials at the university

movie in which Foster appeared in

issued a statement by Foster late yes-

1975.

In that movie, "Taxi Driver,"

terday in which she said that "I have

Foster played a young runaway who

never met, spoken to, or associated

ended up as a streetwalker in New

with him (Hinckley)." In that state-

ment, Foster said the FBI had asked

her to say nothing more about Hinck-

ley, who has been charged with at:

tempied assassination of a president

and assault with intent to kill a feder- and was prepared to assassinate the

had received several of Hinckley's let-

ters. David Napier, a master at the

school's Calkoun College, told a re-

porter that Foster had received "a lot

of strange letters from a lot of peo-

ple."

saw that movie.

Paul Schrader,

who wrote the

screenplay for "Taxi Driver," said the

tim was inspired by the life of Arthur

Bremer, the Milwaukee busboy who

attempted to assassinate presidential

candidate George C. Wallace in 1972

ple. One man just walked in once and

said, I just wanted to find out how

you tound out about me... I was

frightened."

Travis Bickle struggled with loneli-

ness, desperation and disillusionment

1N 54952 D0010:32989491 Page

79

and so,

John Hinckley in re-

cent years

dropped in and out of xec AD Adm. _

college, roamed from Texas to Nash- sec AD Inv. —

ville to Denver, applied for jobs but sec AD LES -

never got them, constantly lied about sst. Dir.:

his background, bought guns and grew Adm. Servs.-

increasingly bitter and nihistic about trim. Inv..

He was under psychiatric care near dent. -

his parent's home in Denver earlier ntell. -

this year and was being treated with -aboratory

Valium. In the final days before his Legal Coun

fateful trip across the country from Plan. & Insp. -

Los Angeles to Washington on

Greyhound bus, Hinckley seemed to

a Rec. Mgnt. _

be separating himself more and more lech. Jervs. —

from his family and his past. The ac-Troining -

quaintances he made when he stayed ublic Afts. Off. -

at a Denver motel for two weeks earli- elephone Rm. -

er this month said they had no idea irector's Sec'y -

he was the son of a prosperous and

influential local businessman.

Hinckley was repeatedly described

by childhood friends and by strangers

whose paths he crossed during his

aimless travels, as a loner, a quiet

man, a man "so normal that he ap-

peared to fade into the woodwork," as

his Dallas high school classmate, Bev-

erly McBeath, put it.

It was only when Hinckley acted or

said the extraordinary that observers

- hotel maids, janitors, acquaintances

- took notice of the chubby, sandy:

haired young man, clad usually in

jeans and button-down shirts,

who

sometimes grew so animated during

briet conversations that his eye lids

and shoulders would fidget. A maid at

the Golden Hours Motel in Denver,

where/Hinckley stayed before coming

to Washington, said he had one pecu-

liar habit that indicated to her that he

was a strange fellow. The maid said

she told FBI agents about that habil

and was directed by agents not to

reveal what it was.

The Washingion Post

Washington Star-News =

Daily News New York.

The New York Times -

The Will Street Journ!

The Atlanta Considar*

The Los Angelo. Tires

Date

4-1-81

5

FE: Ç0J

---

## Page 80

• Calvin

Wynne,' a

maintenance

worker

an apartment compex in

Lubbock,

Tex.,

where Hinckley lived

last tall while attending Texas Tech,

said he remembered,

after seeing

Hinckley's face flash on the television

Monday,

speaking to him

twice.

Wynne said Hickley showed "great

hostility" toward the government, and

felt "there were some political leaders

he thought should be eliminated.

"He just basically had no allegiance

to any authoritarian control," Wynne

said, according to the Lubbock Ava-

lanche-Journal.

Wynne said Hinckley's attitude and

personality were "strained,"

and it

seemed as though he "had something

on his mind."

"There was a nervousness

about

him," Wynne said. "Hyperactive,

is

that what you call it? He moved

about a lot. He got more anxious,

more hyper as the conversation wore

on, like he wanted to do something."

Texas Tech University history pro-

fessor Joseph King recalled Hinckley

only because he was the most quiet,

the most unobtrusive student he had

lectured to in the fall of 1979, when

Hinckley was enrolled in King's U.S

Economic History course.

"I recall him mainly because he was

so quiet and attentive," King said.

"While everyone else in the class ex-

hibited a kind of camaraderie, he al-

ways sat alone on the left side of the

roum, surrounded by empty chairs.

Even during humorous moments in

class, he would continue to gaze at me

attentively, taking notes."

Hinckley,

King said,

, wrote an "excellent" review

for the course of a book on American

slavery.

Texas Tech records show several

mysterious breaks in Hinckley's uni-

versity career. He started in the fall of

1973 and attended in the spring of

1974, but there are no records for him

during the summer and fall of 1974.

He returned to the university in the

spring of 1975, came back the follow-

ing fall and attended in the spring of

1976. But he was not at the universi-

ty during either the fall semester of

1976 or the following spring semester.

He came back in the summer of 1977

and distinguished himself by main-

taining a B average and making the

Dean's List.

Then there was Hinckley's apparent

fascination with guns, which seemed

to grow in proportion to his increas-

ingly lonely spiritual sojourn. In 1979

and 1980 he purchased a total of six

guns, three in Dallas, two in Lubbock

and one elsewhere, all from pawn-

shops that buy and resell an assort-

ment of musical instruments, jewelry,

guns and encyclopedias.

RG

All of the handguns were made by

tries in Miami, a small com-

pany

assembles cheap handguns

from parts manufactured by Roehm

Industries, a West German firm. The

first handgun was .38-caliber revolver,

purchased by Hinckley from Pappa

Daddy's Galaxy Pawn Shop in Lub.

bock. A year later, he purchased two

.22-caliber revolvers from Snidely

Whiplash Pawn Shop also/in Lub

bock.

On Oct. 9, roughly a month after

Hinckley bought the two pistols, he

was arrested at the Nashville airport

after an officer there noticed what he

believed was a gun barrel while

Hinckley was going through an elec-

tric metal detector. When officer John

Lynch opened the suitcase he found

two revolvers in their original. boxes.

"The plastic was still wrapped around

the boxes," Lynch said. "He told me

they were good guns. He said he was

going north to sell them or give them

to some friends."

After posting $62.50 bond, Hinckley

vanished from Nashville, never show-

'ing up for his trial. Instead, he appar-

ently returned to Texas, to Dallas,

where four days later he bought two

more guns. Yesterday in Dallas, Isaac

(Rocky) Goldstein, owner of Rocky's

pawnshop

which

Hinckley

bought the .22-caliber weapon alleged-

ly used in Monday's shooting, took his

phone off the hook and reportedly

hired a bodyguard after anonymous

callers threatened him and his busi-

ness.

Hinckley purchased two guns from

Rocky's and the salesman -who sold.

them to him quit yesterday when the

shop received an avalanche of phone

calls. Both Goldstein and his son

David said they did not remember

Hinckley, and the only records they

have of the suspect's visits to the

pawnshop were quickly confiscated by

federal authorities.

Hinckley lived in Lubbock over a

seven-year period, but left little im.

pression on the memories of people he

came in contact with, except for the

trail of paper and records of apart-

ments rented and guns bought.

Only occasionally, as in his conver-

sations with the Lubbock maintenance

man, were aspects of his life and his.

problems remembered. It was in

lexas that Hinckley first met mem-

bers of the National Socialist Party of

America, who took him with them on

an automobile journey in March 1978

to St. Louis, where he participated in

an NSPA march to commemorate the

birthday of George Lincoln Rockwell,

founder of-the American Nazi Party,

"He seemed committed to our

cause; he was

aht, a little under-

stated," said

ael C. Allen, acting

director of the group, recalling the St.

Louis march. "He wore uniforms like

the rest of us — he was a stormtroo-

per. Black boots, the swastika, khakis

and the black helmet. But he was too

militant. He wanted to destroy our

enemies - blacks,

Jews,

Commu-

nists."

"It got to the point? said party

stormtrooper John Gaynor, "that we

suspected him of being a federa

agent. He was just too far out. He

wanted to destroy people."

Hinckley, according to Allen, lasted

only a year in the party, The same

- semester at Texas Tech during which

he studied

German concentration

camps and Hitler's "Yein Kamp" he

was expelled from the party.

If it wasn't Hinckley's sometime

bizarre behavior that people remem-

bered, it was the deceits, the occasion-

al lies and half-truths. Two weeks

after he was released by police in

Nashville, he was in Denver, looking

for work.

In noncursive, undramatic, under-

stated handwriting on a job applica-

tion to the Rocky Mountain News,

Hinckley lied about job references and

his academic standing. He desired, he

wrote, a writing or circulation job pay-

ing in excess of $4 an hour, and wrote

that he had previously worked as a

bookkeeper at a Dallas publishing

house, a photographer in Los Angeles,

and a salesman in Hollywood. He

wrote that he had graduated from

Texas Tech with a degrèe in English

and journalism, and expressed an in-

terest in politics and reading

The News, and the Denver Post, to

which

he aiso applied for

a job,

checked his credentials and found

them false.

But it was at the Golden Hours

Motel in Denver, where Hinckley

lived for 16 days before leaving town

eight days ago, that the mysterious

wanderer left the most mundane, yet

memorable, impressions.

The hotel, located on a noisy thor-

oughfare across the street from a Ford

dealership and

' a McDonald's,

is

owned by the Chon Lee family.

Hinckley lived in room 30 on the sec.

ond floor. On March 8, Hinckley

drifted into the hotel requesting a

"cheap place to stay," according to the

daughter of the owner.

He said he would pay by either day

or week, and when the girl told him

the weekly rate was $74.25, he paid

the amount in cash. He was driving a

white Plymouth Volare bearing Texas

license plates which had expired last

year.

To Mobile

-2

6

NH 51952 Docla: 32939191

---

## Page 81

-3-

"He was just a clean-cut, good-living

kid. He didn't seem to drink or smoke

and never had any women in the

room," said Ginger Aucourt, who, with

her daughter Stacey, yorks as a maid

at the hote) and lives in the room

• next door to the one Hinckley stayed

He looked like a young man who

was simply down on his luck, a poor

waif who drifted in from the city, the

'Aucourts recalled. Each night he went

to bed before 9 p.m., and awoke be-

fore 9, and immediately in the morn-

ing he would go downstairs to the

All day long, the shades wer

rawn. He never talked about his pas

Stacey Aucourt.

le said he didn't have much mon

y, so last Sunday Aucourt invite

him over for a spaghetti dinner. Say-

when he was asked where he was off,

to so early in the moring, he replied

Also contributing to this articl

"to work."

were Washington Post staff write

"I talked to him maybe two, three, Jala, Man Neamt, Tad Ca, Do

times a day," Ginger Aucourt said.

western music, things we had in.com-

mon. He didn't talk much about him-

self, his family, politics or religion."

And though he appeared impover

shed, and walked about the hote

with head bowed down and hands

shoved- into his-pockets, he never ad-

mitted to these people that his family

was prosperous and only 20 miles

away. During his stay at the hotel, he

made 34 phone calls, none of them

long distance.

The Aucourts said Hinckley spent

most of his time in his hotel room

with the shades tightly drawn. He

bought

morning, when the Aucourts tidied his

room, they found McDonald's wrap-

on the night table next to his bed.

several record albums and a few tapes

the Eagles rock group.

---

IH 54952 DocId:32989491 Page 81

---

## Page 82

.. A Drifter With

Purpose

• Reagan Shooting Suspect Crossed Country on Bus

By Mike Sager and Eugene Robinson

journey east actually

Washington Post Staff Westers

began with a flight west. On Wednes-

John W. Hinckley Jr., the man ac-

day, March 25, he abandoned his

used of shooting President Reagar

1973 white Plymouth Volare near his

rrived in Washington shortly afte

parents home in a Denver suburb

noon last Sunday, stepping down from

and flew to Los Angeles. Law enforce-

the 5:30 a.m. Greyhound express bus

ment authorities 'there subsequently'

from Pittsburgh into a seedy terminal

on New York Avenue NW.

He took Wester Airlines Flight 4:

That trip had taken seven hours,

from Denver to Salt Lake City, then

the last leg of a cross-country journey

changed to Western Flight 257 for the

that began four days earlier in Los

final leg of the trip to Los Angeles.

Angeles and ended at this side-door

He was traveling under his own name,

entrance to the, nation's capital, where

with the flight coupon made out for

Hinckley disembarked — a chubby,

"J. Hinckles," according to airline offi-

glassy-eyed drifter in need of a shave,

according to those who say they saw

The following day, Marc

him.

Hinckley boarded a Greyhound bus in

Over the next 27 hours, as best as

Hollywood and then changed buses in

can be reconstructed, Hinckley,

25,

downtown Los Angeles, pulling out of

lunched on a cheeseburger at the ter-

the station at 1:15 p. m. for theride

minal's restaurant, found a room in an

across the country:

unobtrusive downtown hotel a few

There are two Greyhound routes

blocks away and ate breakfast quietly

eastward — one going south through

near the window of the ground-floor

El Paso and requiring no change of

coffee shop as the Monday morning

buses, the other, northerly with a

rush-hour traffic moved by outside.

transfer in Pittsburgh. Hinckley chose

He watched silently but with some

the northern route, the first leg of

curiosity as the hotel maid placed

which retraced his journey of the day

fresh towels and pillow slips in his

before and took him across the Sierra

room at about 1:15 that afternoon.

Nevada back to Salt Lake City.

And just over an hour later, using a

In the Utah capital, a young man

schedule published in the newspaper

boarded the bus, sat next to Hinckley

as a guide, Hinckley tried to gun

and rode with him the rest of the way

down the president outside a hotel

to Washington. The man gave a state-.

about a mile from his own, according

federal authorities

to law-enforcement sources.

watching the shootings on televison.

"He seemed like he had a chip on

He is now being held in protective

his shoulder against the whole world,"

custody by the FBI, which has de-

recalled Linda Ross, a waitress at the

clined to release his name, law en-

bus terminal's Burger King restaurant,

forcement officials said.

Rocking and swaying, the bus took

who said she served Hinckley a cheese,

Whopper, without onions, and an

Hinckley over the Rockies to Chey-

enne, across the plains to Chicago and

order of fried onion rings shortly after

to the industrial heartland of Cleve-

his arrival Sunday noon.

land, where he changed buses. He

"He was real nasty about the way

changed again in Pittsburgh, anc

he ordered," she said yesterday. When

rolled on to Washington.

she asked the man in the short beige

The trip costs $117.80, one way.

jacket and blue jeans if he wanted to

There is no indication, Greyhound

eat his food in the restaurant, she

said, he replied brusquely, "I told you

representatives say, that there was

it's to eat here," pulled a $5 bill from

anything unusual about the behavior

his pocket and threw it on

of Hinckley or the young man he rode

with during the three days they spent

The woman who cleaned the smal

room Hinckley stayed in at the Park

• Hinckley's bus was scheduled to

Central Hotel - Room 312 - said

pull into the Greyhound station at

that the man who answered simply,

12:15 p.m., a well-worn terminal situ-

"What?" when she knocked on his

ated on New York Avenue between

door, in no way seemed extraordinary.

the skeleton of steel that will eventu-

"There was nothing special about

ally become the new D. C. Convention

him," she said yesterday.

Center and a clump of bars and store-

fronts housing two-bit peep shows and

musty striptease houses.

- HH 54952 DogId:32989491 Page 82

The bus apparently was on time.

Hinckley li

red in the bus station, : AD Adm. _

leaning o

se for a while and then

•e AD Inv. _

sitting down on a blue plastic seat, c AD LES _

recalled a security guard at the termi-

nal who said yesterday that he recog

%. Dir.:

nized the man pictured in the news- Im. Servs.

papers.

im. Inv. -

Sometime between 1 and 1:30 p.m., ent. -

Hinckley walked across the terminal

rell. -

to the restaurant, ordered his food

boratory .

and ate it sitting alone in the back:

Ross, the waitress remembered. He gal Coun

"looked like one of the D.C. street.

an. & Insp. -

people," she said.

=c. Mgnt. -

Sometime later that day, Hinckley

ich. Servs.

checked into the Park Central Hotel

aining —

at 18th and G streets NW, an 11-

story brick building constructed

lic Afts. Off..

1929 as an apartment house and con-

phone Rm. -

verted into a hotel five years ago.

actor's Sec'y..

The Park Central - small rooms,

narrow hallways and a facade dotted

with air conditioners in every window

- is moderately priced by Washing-

ton standards. Single rooms like the

one Hinckley stayed in rent for be:

tween $42 and $52 a night.

Ironically, the hotel is located just

across the busy intersection from the

headquarters of the Secret Service at

1800 G St. NW, and only a block

away from the Secret Service's Wash-

ington field office at 19th Street and

Pennsylvania Avenue.

The hotel's advertisement on page.

998 of the D.C. yellow pages trumpets

its location as, "Just off Penna. Are. 2

Blocks from the White House. AAA

Approved. Hotel Rooms. Suites. Tele-

vision. Air Conditioned."

Hotel officials häve declined to say:

what time Hinckles checked in or to

describe his movements in any other

way.

The Washington Post

Washington Star-Jew's

Daily' New's (Ver York) _

The New York Times

The Hall Street Jour.. -

The Allama Constiut.

The Los Angeles Times -

Date

4-1-8/

An unremarkable man who blended

easily into a crowd, he went unnoticed

by several Australian tourists who

were staying down the hall from him. a

At around 8:30 Monday morning

the day of the assassination attempt:

he apparently had breakfast in Way's

Sandwich Shoppe, which is in the

same building as the hotel but entered

only by first going outside the hotel

lobby.

Kay's owner Barry Stein recalls see-

FEl

DOJ

---

## Page 83

ing a man who met Hinckley's de- duty yesterday refused to talk to re-

breakfast

crowded section of counter space near

porters. But sometime during the next

75 minutes, Hinckley made his way to

the G Street window of his restaurant.

Though Stein could not remember

the Washington Hilton Hotel and.

what the man ordered, he described

stepping from behind a planter as the

him as "quiet, nondistinguishable."

president's entourage came into view,

A maid who regularly cleans third

emptied his six-shot revolver at close

floor rooms at the hotel said she en-

tered the room in which Hinckley was

range, according to police.

staying about 10 a.m.

Shortly after the shooting, FBI

He was not in the room, she said.

agents rushed to the hotel and ques-

two-suiter suitcase was

tioned the maid. They sealed off the

open, filled with clothes. On the night

room and searched through what was

table next to the bed sat a small

alarm clock. Nearby was a telephone

book and a copy of TV Guide. In the

bathroom, said the maid, who asked

not to be identified, toiletries were

spread qut on the counter.

She came back to the room after

her-lunch-break at 1:15 p.m. to bring

additional towels and pillow slips, she

said. This time, Hinckley was in and

responded when she knocked.

As she entered the room, she said,

Hinckley took up a position by the

just stood

there... and watched me," she said.

He was impassive, expressionless,

dressed in his light jacket, a sport

Among the things they found.

sources said, were an affectionate.

two-page unmailed letter addressed to

actress Jodie Foster, a receipt for the

purchase of a .38-caliber handgun and

a newspaper chipping usting Presiden

Reagan's schedule for March 30

Also found, the sources said, was a

copy of an article from the Dec. 10

edition of The Washington Post quot-

ing verses from some of the favorite

songs written by former Beatle John

Lennon, who was gunned down by a

mentally troubled one-time security

guard Dec. 8 outside Lennon's Nev

York co-op apartment.

shirt and casual pants. The television

set was not on.

The maid said she didn't see

Hinckles leave. The desk clerk on

Lippman.

WN 54952 DocId: 32989491. Page 83

9

---

## Page 84

54952

The Obsession of

John Hinckley Jr.

The Accused Assailant's Infatuation With Jodie Foster

By Christian Williams

repeatedly cast as a discomfitingly

Jodie Foster was 12 when she made

young-old subject, hard and vulnera-

"Taxi Driver." She was nominated for

ble simultaneously. She was part of a

an Academy Award in 1976 for her

growing list of alienated characters

portrayal of a pre-teen-aged prostitute

that reached younger and younger, so

who excited the protective instincts of

that movie screens presented a steady

a psychotic Vietnam veteran. At the

stream of lost children — whether

bloody conclusion, Robert De Niro, as

Foster in "Taxi Driver" or Tatum

Travis Bickle, rescues her from her lot

O'Neal as the beer-drinking pitcher in

by brutally assassinating three men.

"The Bad News Bears," or youthful

The film ends with Bickle hailed as

but incorrigible actresses such as Son-

an avenging hero.

dra Locke in "The Gauntlet."

Submarine crews in World War II

It was revealed yesterday that John

Warnock Hinckley Jr.,

25, accused of

had Betty Grable to pat on the fanny

and troops in Korea named a twin-

wounding President Reagan and three

others in Monday's attempted assassi-

peaked hill after Jane Russell, but to-

day's audiences have much less well-

nation, had written Foster a two-page

letter shortly before going to the

defined images to turn to in times of

Washington Hilton Hotel.

stress. It is unlikely that a movie star

In the letter Hinckley wrote that "I

See FOSTER, B3, Col. 1•

will prove my love for you through a

historic act." Several photographs of

the actress, who is now 18, were

found in Hinckley's wallet. The two

had never met, but it was reported

that Hinckley believed that the presi-

dent had somehow snubbed Foster in

the past.

It was not known yesterday wheth-

er Hinckley had seen the film "Taxi

Driver," but it is Foster's best known

role. She has since made 11 other

films, among them

'Alice Doesn't

Live Here Anymore," in which she

played a loose-limbed juvenile delin-

"Foxes," & story of sex

guest in the su a stand °C say and

R-rated 1980 film which aired five

times last month on Home Box Office'

television.

Foster has shelved her movie career

for the moment to attend Yale Uni-

versits; a choice that put her on the

cover of People magazine. At Yale,

she made her stage debut last week in

a college drama production. titled

"Getting Out." Her role is that of a

teen-aged prostitute who has mur-

dered a taxi driver.

John Hinckley is reported to have

been obsessed with Jodie Foster, the

movie star — so much so that he may

have dedicated an assassination

at-

tempt to her.

While most other children were in

grammar school, Foster found herself

DocId: 32989491

Page 84

•Indie Foster in "Taxi Driver"

Exec AD Adm. -

Exec AD Inv. -

Exec AD LES --

Asst. Dir.:

Crim. Inv..

Ident. —

Intell. =

Laboratory

Legal Coun. -

Plan. & Insp. -

Rec. Mgnt. =

Tech. Servs. -

Troining -

Public Affs. Off.

Telephone Ri.

Director's Sec'y

The Washington Post 1 Kee!

Hashingion Star-News-

Dails Ness's (Ner York.

The dew York Tinus -

The Ailan Considers

The Lons inge len Tires -

Date

4. 1. 11

10

FE

---

## Page 85

John

matic, finally. It is devoid of catharsis,

and inspires only nausea.

This we know after the fact, but

not after the movie. "Taxi Driver" was

Hinckley's

Obsession

an exceedingly powerful and disturb-

ing film, and it won first prize at the

Cannes Film Festival that year.

Whatever the link between John

• Hinckley and Jodie Foster, it cannot

be explained away with an attack on

a single movie or on any oftending art

FOSTER, From B1

form. the Manson Clan was said to

be inspired by the song "Helter Skel-

of the 1940s would elicit sympathetic

ter." Books have often been accused of

brutality. But in many contemporary

inspiring persons — and nations - to

scripts there seems to be no other way

evil deeds, and there were riots when

to get the subject's attention.

the ballet "The Rite of Spring" made

Today, a psychotic personality may

its debut many years ago in Paris.

see himself

as stepping onto a set

We all have a tenuous relation with

ready made for his performance. The

our stars. Teen-agers choose manner:

character who rescues Jodie Foster in

of dress and behavior according to

"Taxi Driver" is a gun nut, an aveng-

their idols. The rest of us buy tickets

er, a lonely figure who longs for a

and watch television and marvel, too,

"clean rain" to sweep the skies of his

at the Redforas and Foncas and Tay-

city and wash away the filth.

lors and Astaires. Usually, it is benigr

Psychological profiles of

assassins

and harmless and it makes life & little

drawn by law enforcement agencies

less serious, this belief that there are

show common characteristics.

They

stars that we love.

are most often singie males, intelligent

But occasionally, the equation goes

but afflicted with delusions of gran-

bad. vodle foster, by all accounts, is a

deur and classic symptoms of para-

well-adjusted woman in her first year

noia, and obsessed with a cause. They

at college. Before she was permitted

also do not generally plan an escape

to portray the craven child in

"Taxi

route.

Driver," she underwent psychological

If assassins seek a form of immor-

testing to make sure she was up to it.

tality, we are now a society better

In a flippant off-to-college piece for

equipped for immortalizing than ever

Esquire magazine, she wrote: •

before. The number of cameras in use

"Well, you may not be able to

by television organizations, for exam-

really relate to this. pal, but I'm

ple, has increased greatly in recent

trading in my life-guard shades for a

years, as has the use of videotape.

taste of that good ol' New Haven

The result was apparent on Mon-

grime. See, here's the scoop: college

day, when the shootings outside the

depression is in the cards for me! Yale

Washington Hilton were recorded by

actually invited me - little smog rid-

the networks with the clarity and ef-

den me - to sink my blond teeth:

fect of a movie. A skillful assassin, •by

into its dusty brick and ivy. Just coat

placing himself in a situation well.

Robert De Niro in "Taxi Driver"

me with some eastern tsurs, greas

covered by cameramen,

can

insure

up my nair for luck, and watch mi

that his act will be viewed and viewed

limousine and the pathetic, enraged

dive into the depths of academia."

again by an enormous audience.

commands of his protectors and the

In the guif between life and art lie

But the reality - the videotape of

lingering views of three men bleeding

madness; when it rears up, both ar

a wounded president thrust into a

on a sidewalk — is utterly uncine-

endangered.

HW

54952 DocId: 32989491 Page, 85

---

## Page 86

0-19 (Rer. 8-80-79)

To Eyewitness,

Hinckley Stuck

Out in Crowd

hi t pes in the cong had

Dodson said Hinckley was pushed

toward the VIP exit and "up agairist

heir eyes on President Reagan, Doc

the wali."

sor. was watching John W. Hinckley

At that moment, about 12 Secter

Jr., the man now charged with the

Service agents came through the

shooting Monday of the president.

exit and' Dodson said he lost track

"He stood out like a sore thumb."

of Hinckley. The agents were fol-

Dodson. 30. said yesterday as he sat

owed by Reagan, press

secretary

in his office across the street from

James S. Brady, D.C

• police officer

the Washingion Hilton Hote).

Thomas Delahanty and two other Se-

Dodson, a computer programmer

cret Service agents.

who had a clear view of the scene

Reagan walked toward the crowd.

from his window, said he first no

When the president was

riced Hinckley about five minutes

about six feet from the car door, Dod-

before Reagan left the hotel.

son said, "I looked down there and

"He was very fidgety." Dodson

saw a hand with a gun. Bang, bang.

said. "Maybe it was just me, but I

bang. People began dropping like

thought he didn't look right."

flies. I could see the muzzle flashes.

Hinckley, wearing a tan jacket

Before half of the six shots were

with his hands in the pockets, was

fired, the crowd had begun to more

"pacing back and forth. looking

wildly, jostling the suspect and caus-

around3 like he was real nervous.

ing.the bullets.to spray. Dodson said.

"It was like slow motion, some-

"Tourists can get excited because

thing in the movies," Dodson added.

they're going to see the president.

"Not like anything I've ever exper.

but they don't look nervous, and the

enced belore. I can hear it and se

' very poignantly right now."

press just acts casual because it's just

another job to them," Dodson said.

Looking out the same window jes.

"But he (Hinckley) wasn't either

terday, Dodson said he felt guilt and

way. He didn t look like he belonged

sorrow over the incident.

in that crowd, that'sall there is toit."

"I've been going over and over it

Dodson said that because Hinc-

in my mind," Dodson said. "Maybe I

kley looked

"strange," he began

should have made a phone call, but

watching him.

I saw all the cops out there ang lig

When he first saw him. Hinckley

ured they had it under control."

was standing more than 20 feet from

"I sit here and think I could have

the VIP exit. Dodson said. But a few

prevented it if I had thought and act-

minutes later "the press came crush.

ed fast enough," Dodson said. "He

ing out" the main entrance, pushing

looked like a kook bur then I

Hinckley forward.

thought, 'hey, there's enough cops

"He (Hinckley) was about one

down there to take care of him.

deep into the crowd of press and ev.

erybody was pushing forward," Dod-

son said.

LIN 54952 DocId: 32989491

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Asst. Dir.:

Adm. Servs.-

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Ideni. -

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•Laboratory

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Plan. & Insp. -

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Tech. Serrs. -

Training —

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The Hashingior. Post -

Washingion Star-len's -

Daily New's (New York'

The dels York Times =

The Wall Street Journal

The Atlanta Consthuno:

The Los Angeles Theo

A.Q.

Date -

4-1-81

FBI DO!

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## Page 87

(4)÷11r:, 8-20-790

Crush on Actress Eyed

as Motive

Hinckley Letters

And in Hinckley's wallet, police

Foster, who just finished her first

said, were photographs of a young

stage debut at Yale last week. playing

blond girl. "I guess it was Jodie Fos

another prostitute, released

To Movie Idol

said one officer,

"but I don't statement through the Yale public

know one actress from another."

information office denjing she bad

Investigators who

the ever met Hinckles.

Seized by FBI

"The FBI and the U.S. Attorney's

Suspect's room at the Park Central

Hotel at 708 18th Street NW said they

office have asked me to say nothing

By Jane Mayer

recovered "at least one letter" which

about John W. Hinckley, but I do

and Charles McCollum

was addressed to Foster but had not

wish to sa! I have never met, spoken

to or associated with him." the state.

Exec AD Adm.

Exec AD Inv. =

Exec AD.LES ....

Assi. Dir.:

Adm. Servs.

Crim. Inv._-

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Intell.

Laboratory

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Rec. Mgnt. --

Tech. Servs.

Training -

Public Affs. Off

Telephone Rr.

Diresto:'s Ser).

Washingion Sta: Stall Wister:

Another letter to Foster, also pos. ment said

Federal investigators have uncov. sibly seized in the hotel, was written

Hinckley, according to informed

ered evidence that an infatuation in a despondent, careless tone, as if officials. came to Washington by

Greyhound bus on Sunday and

with rena have me we leo de sources geT cosined the wins foon located hes persion e

Foster may have moved John W

-sources said. It contained the words.

Hinckley Jr. to try to take President "If. you don't love me, I'm going to

Reagan's life on Monday.

kill the president."

Law enforcement authorities who

At the hotel on Mondar whil

The line was a close paraphrase of Hinckley was out, he was phoned

interrogated the 2,5-year-old Hinck. the script from the 1976 film "Taxi

ley yesterday said he had been ob Driver,'

"several times" by a young woman

sessed with Foster for months.

in which Foster played a who iold phone operators

According to investigators, the man

pre-teen prostitute and

Robert supposed to call me when he got into

accused of_wounding Reagan and

DeNiro played a taxi driver who town." Law enforcement officials

three others wrote her letters. fol-

sought revenge for hisromanticfail. said yesterday they were mystified

lowed her to New Haven when she

ures by plotting the assassination of by the calls and were looking into

began her freshman year at Yale

University and even imagined he

Foster apparently had received

Yesterday, federal and local au.

had developed a fuli-fledged rela:

"several" other letters from Hinck- thorities were scouring Washington

tionship with the 18-jear-old actress.

ley this year some of which were de. Dallas. New Haven, Denver, Nash-

Hinckley, who had been under

scribed as "love letters" and others ville. Los Angeles, Lubbock, Tex.,

psychiatric care earlier this year, ap-

as "extortion attempts."

and Utah in an attempt to track

parently imagined thai Reagan had

"It's weird.stuff," a Justice Depart. Hinckley's movements prior to the

somehow threatened or insulted

ment source said. The letters were shootings.

Foster, law enforcement officials fa-

no? generally political in content,

U.S. Magistrate Arthur L. Burneti

miliar with the investigation said.

one Justice Department source said, at the request of Hinckley's court

But no one could say exactly whai

and these earlier letters did not con- appointed attorneys, signed an order

role Reagan played in Hinckley's

tain threats to the president.

yesterday requiring a psychiatrist to

Foster, according to law en. examine him this morning to deter-

Yesterday. Hinckley was being

sources, reported the mine his mental competency. The

held in isolation at a modern, two

bizarre letters to the FBl. But an FBI examination was to be made bj a psy:

floor correctional facility on the

source said the bureau would not chiatrist from the Forensic Psychi-

southeastern edge of the 95-acre

have notified the Secret Service of atry Division of the District of

Quantico Marine Base in Quantico.

the letters because they contained

Columbia Mental Health Adminis. le Washingter T,s:.

no presidential threats.

"I have killed the president," Hinck-

"If they were letters threatening

ley wrote in an unmailed letter to

the president. he (Hinkley) woul

Foster which investigators seized on

have been in our files. He is not in

Monday, said sources familiar with

our files." a Secret Service spokes.

The New York Tims -

The Mill strong in: 1-

man said. He said any letter that

the investigation.

Along with the unmailed letter, re passed oes to them tard thst ould

law enforcement officials also seized

from Hincklej's hotel room a phots

cials there would be "concerned" if

graph of Lee Harvey Oswald, the as-

the FBI held back such information

Hinckley, the son of a wealthy

Kennedy. The photograph, one law

who killed President Denver oil executive, apparently

4-1-81

was so infatuated with Foster that he

enforcement source said, pictured

checked into New Haven's Park Lane

Oswald standing with a gun. There Hotel near the Yale campus for three

was also other "assassination-related

weeks this past September. FBI

material" in the room, a law en sources said. And Hinckley had fal-

forcement offical indicated, refus sels represented himself as a Yale

ing o elaborate.

student in a job application to the

police searching Rocky Mountain News in Denver

Hinckley's pockets following his ar last October.

rest found a newspaper clipping con-

recently slain John Lennon, and a

large metal button displaying Len-

HH 54952 DooId:32989491

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## Page 88

-2-

A repori of the examination will

"A viewer called in and said be

The only one around the campus

More recently, he sought a jor

be made at a preliminary hearing 1o-

recognized the face of the man in the who recalls engaging Hinckley in a record store in a west Denver si

morrow' in U.S. District Court before

" Avery said. "Since then, we've any political discussion is Calvin ping center, again citing experie:.

U.S. Magistrate Lawrence S. Mar•

seen still photographs of the man we Wynne, maintenance man at the which the store manager did no! b

thought was Hinckley... and we're

University Arms apartments where lieve. The application was tossed?!

The two criminal complaints filed

Hinckley lived briefly.

• "He said he according to store employees. h

agains: Hinckley on Monday accused

M. Michael C. Allen, the new nation. was unhappy with the candidates Hinckley

him only of the attempted

al leader of the National Socialist and said they should be eliminated," quaintances he had won a part-tim

sasination of Reagan and assault on

(Nazi) Party of America, said Hinck- Wynne said yesterday.

a federal official for the shooting of ley was ejected from the party be. In the fall of 1980. Hinckley pur-

(Also contributing to this sie:

Secret Service Agent Timothy Mc. cause he was thought to be 100 chased two 22-caliber pistols from were Washington Star stall wile:

Prosecutors, however, are expect.

"We didn't want him as a member

the Sneidley Whiplash pawnshop Lynn Dunson, Lance Gay. Fred Hi.:

ed to present evidence to a grand because he was into killing people

near the campus. Store owner Bill Howie Kurtz. Laurie McGinley a:

jury within the next few days or

and bombing things," said Allen.

Brockett said yesterday that he did Scot Palirow.)

not recall Hinckley and "his name

weeks and seek an indictment that "We're not a terrorist organization, wasn't even familiar to me until the

also will include charges related to we're a political organization."

the shootings of White House Press

Allen said that although he he met

Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms peo

SecrEtary James Brady and D.C. po and talked to Hinckley for only

ple called me yestereday and told me

lice officer Thomas Delahants.

about 10 minutes in March, 1978.

to go through my records to lind the

Yesterdar. a spokesman for Hinck-

"You remember a guy when he starts

ley's wealthy oilman father. John v.

talking like that." He added that at

At about the same time. Hinckley

Hinckley Sr.. said the family had re- the time Hinckley was a probation. bought a .38-caliber handgun from

tained a Washingion law firm 10 dt-

ary member of the now defunct the nearby Galaxy Pawnshop. The

fend their son. In Washington. it was Houston, Tex., unit of the party.

owner of that shop also said he had

revealed that Vincent i. Fuller. a

One of those who finds it hard to been contacted by federal author.

partner in the firm of Williams and believe that Hinckley was ever a ities and confirmed the sale but

Connolly. entered the case and inter-

member of the Nazi party is Otto Nel.

- could not remember Hinckley.

viewed Hinckley at Quantico.

son, an associate professor of history

There were several bizarre twists

al Texas Tech University in Lub.

The three handguns were confis.

hock, Tex., Which Hinckley attended

cated on Oct. 9, 1980 when Hinckles

to the Hinckley story yesterday, in-

tried to carry them onto an Amer)

cluding revelations of a scheduled

off-and-on for seven years.

can Airlines flight from Nashville 10

dinner date between his brother and

New York City. Reagan, ther cam-

the brother of Vice President George

from a German history course he

paigning for the presidency, had

Bush. a videotapeof a Hinckley look

taught in the summer of 1979. And,

scheduled a stop in Nashville two

alike shaking hands with Reagan in

even though Hinckley received an

Lubbock-and claims that he was a

A-minus on a lengthy essay on Adolf days before the incident but had can-

celled it at the last minute. President

former member of the American

Hitler's "Mein Kampf," Nelson said

Jimmy Carter bad been in Nashvill

yesterday that he believes Hinckley

"so'be too intelligent to be an Amer-

M- In what the White House called "s

bizurre happenstanct.

" Vice Presi

Hinckley continued his sollars

dent Bush's son Neil had pianned 10

The instructor said the report was existence after returning to the Den.

not a political diatribe nor did it en. ver area following the Nashville in-

have dinner last night kith Hick•

ley's brother, Scoti.

dorse the views that Hitler espoused, cident.

The dinner with 30 year-old Scott

While living in Lubbock, Hinck- In March, he moved into the

Hinckley was scheduled to be in Neit ley stayed at several of the spartan Golden Hours Motel on a strip high.

jush'S home in Denver, but wascan. low-cost student apartments that way west of Denver and a work

celled after the shootings. according

surround the university's front gate. away

1o Shirley Green, deputy press sec.

His Tast home there was a Sisa one in oh surren Ever on,

retary for the vice president.

month one-bedroom apartment on Hinckley spent two weeks at the

Neil Bush. a land man with Star-

the second floor of a declining gar- modest motel with other pay-by-the-

dard Oil Co of Indiana in Denver.

den apartment development two week guests. Those who knew him

was "not a close friend of Scott Hinc-

blocks from the Texas Tech campus. at the motel never imagined he had

kiev's." according to Green, Who de-

"at best casual

Kevin Crowley, who lived in the friends of family in Colorado.

acquaintances."

Westernair apartment complex for

While staying at the motel, Hinck-

M• A Texas telerision station jester-

three years and now manages it, said ley reportedly waited for. and re.

day reported it had videotaped a man

he though! Hinckley was say.

ceived a telephone call at a pay

strongly resembling John Hinckley

"He just didn't participate. Every. phone across the street most days at

shaking hands with then-candidate

one would be sitting on one side of poon, although he had a telephone

in his room. Once police in the sub

Reagan during a campaign appear-

the pool and he would come down

urban community of Lakewood vis.

ance in Lubbock on April 9, 1980.

and choose a spot on the other side

Federal agents who viewed the

where no one was," Crowley said. "If ited Hinckley after they thought he

had been acting suspiciously - he

tape at KAMC-TV in Lubbock agreed

you went over to talk to him he

seemed nervous and would not make

the man looked like Hinckley and

would answer your questions - he

eye contact, one officer said - but

beard the man say, "Hello, my name

wasn't stuck up, he was just shy."

no charges were filed and the inves

is John." according to Cliff Avery,

the station news director. But after

Crowley said Hinckley used to buy tigation was not pursued.

his food at the nearby hamburger

airing the tape on the station S 6 p.m.

Last October, he applied for jobs

joints along the strip in front of the

news program yesterday. Avery be-

at two Denver newspapers, saying he

came "99 percent convinced" that

university and would bring the food

would take any job that paid 54 an

the man on the tape was not Hinck-

back in bags to his apartment to eat.

hour or more and citing work exper.

ience that no one has been able to

54952

DocId: 32989491

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## Page 89

8-20-791

Psychiatrists Say

Delusions Over

Stars Common

By Steve Stecklow

Weshinglos Seer Suall Writes

Two psychiatrists who have treai.

Lusional

ed patients suffering from delusions

which the subject either imagines

said yesterday an individual may be.

bat he or she is being stalked by th

come so fixated on a celebrity that

celebrity or that the prominent pe

he is driven to kill, thinking he is son is in danger.

protecting that person

Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, and anick said.

Dr. Leon Salman, & professor of

"Remember, the individual is

clinica: psychiatry at Georgetown reacting to what seems real," the psy.

Medical School, both emphasized chiatrist said.

"That's his reality as

that they have not examined John best he knows."

Warnock Hinckley Jr.,; tbe

man

Mechanic said there are no knowI

charged with attempting to assassi-

successful treatments for such disor.

nate Ronald Reagan. But the psychi.

ders, including drugs. "There's not

atrists

offered

some

general

comments on the pature of delu.

much we really have to offer suck

sions.

individuals," he said.

Police sources say Hickley was

le added that the cause of sucl

infatuated with I&year-old actress

psychiatric problems is unknowi

Jodie Foster and apparently was up

although some medical authorities

set over a slight by Reagan - real or

suspect they are the result of "abnor

imagined - of ber.

nalities in brain functions" and mai

Foster, a freshman at Yale Univer•

se subject to environmental infl

ences.

person.

ing a personal relationship with that Sons parenic with paranoid delu.

Mr 51952 DocId: 32989491 . Paue 39

Exes AD Adm.=

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Ident.

Intell. -

Laboratory

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Plan. & Insp. =

Rec. Mgnt. -

Tech. Servs. _

Troining -

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Telephone Rm. -

Direcior's Sec'y -

The Washingson Prosi -

Vashington Star-Nis A-lo.

Dails News (Nan Jorh) _

The New York Tiras —

The Wall Sired Journal.

The Allami: Consinu

The lone angeles Thréi.

Dale -

4-1-81

15

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## Page 90

jO (Res, 8-20-791

Fantasizied Love Affair With Actress

May Have Led Suspect to President

By. Donia Mills

But in his travels through the

"I guess there's a part of him in

Hash:05:0r Siar Stall Writer

more squalid side streets of Manhat-

everybody," she reflected. "That part

In an ironic twist that would be tan, the taxi driver crosses paths

that is waiting to go out and do some.

dismissed as too incredulous for a

with Foster - a fascinating blend of

thing to be recognized, rather than.

Hollywood script, actress Jodie Fos innocence and decadence clad in

sitting home in a nothing apartment

ter and the movie "Taxi Driver," In short-shorts, platform heels and

and poverty."

which she played a teen-age prosti.

enough eye shadow to add at least

Hinckley sold FBI investigators,

tute, may have been the inspiration

five years to the 12 she was at the

Justice Department sources

for the attempted assassination of time the film was made.

that he had been in love with Foster

When Bickle's assassination at•

ever since he saw the film, which

Foster. 18. five years ago portrayed

tempt is thwarted by accident, he

was one of the big hits of 1976 and

a teen-age hooker who is befriended

transfers his obsession to Poster's

won the top prize at the prestigious

by a psychopathic taxi driver and character, casting himself as her

Cannes Film Festival that year.

ends up being the motivation behind protector against the men he sees a

Foster had to undergo a four-hour

a bloody shooting spree in the prize

interview with a Los Angeles psychi.

winning Martin Scorsese movie.

in the film's sickeningly violent

atrist before it was decided that she

climax - Scorsese had to tone down

was mentally mature enough to han-

Justice Department sources yes

terday said John W. Hinckley Jr.,

some of the bloodier scenes to qual.

die the role. And the Los Angeles

who is charged in the shootings of

ify for an R instead of an X rating

welfare board, which is charged

- he blasts Foster's pimp and a cou.

with the protection of young per

White House Press Secretary James

S. Brady, a Secret Service agent and

ple of customers in order to rescue

formers' morais, sent a child welfar

a D.C. police officer as well as Rea•

Foster from her depraved lifestyle.

worker to the set every day she was

before the cameras to look after her

gan, apparently became infatuated

In an ambiguously twisted ending,

with Foster after he saw the movie.

Bickle ends up a hero for this deed, interests.

They said he tried to kill Reagan be.

and drives off in his taxi into the

"I'm no method actor," she said,

cause of some affront - real or imag.

film's murky sunset, an atmospheric

explaining how she created her re.

ined - by the former movie star

cloud made up of Manhattan's ex-

markably authentic portrait of the

haust fumes and sewer steam.

youthful prostitute.

"If anything,

Foster, now a freshman at Yale

University, was always precocious

during her 10-jear career as a child

actress.-with--roles--thai-see-sawed-

crazily between visions of girlish in-

nocence and portraits of Lolita-like

teen-age temptresses.

But her most stunning role was

that of the teen-age hooker in "Taxi

Driver." in which sbe establishes a

platonic relationship with a 26-year-

old misfit whose secret ambition is

to purge the world of politicians and

• Critics argued over the film's

what l do is by instinct. And I've nev.

er observed or talked to a teen-age

meaning - some condemning.il as

prostitute. But listen, kids aren't stu.

a merely sensational celebration of

pid anymore, like they used to be. Ev.

erybody-knows--maat-bookers.are

Others insisted it made a powerful

You see them in movies and on TV,

statement about the causes and ef. you see them on Hollywood Boule

fects of violence in American soci.

vard. All the kids taow how they

ety, about the drifters like Travis

Bickle bred by our Watergates and

Vietnams, people who could only

gain recognition through acts of vio

in the morie.

the protagonist,

played by actor Robert DeNiro, is a

taxi driver who plots the assassina-

tion of a presidential candidate after

his romantic overtures toward one

of the candidate's aides are rejected.

In a statement from Yale yester.

day, Foster said she had never seen

nor heard of Hinckley.

The suspect's lifestyle and recent

actions are dramatically foreshad.

owed in the plot of "Taxi Driver," in

which the psychopathic character, a

lonely Vietnam veteran named Trav.

is Bickle, becomes obsessed with the

notion of assassinating a presiden.

tial candidate during a campaign

swing through New York.

Bickle drives a taxi to pay the rent

at his fleabag hotel as he quietly and

methodically

arms himself, prac-

tices fast draws in front of a hotel

HH

mirror and plots his ambush.

54952

DocId: 32989491 Page 90

"I look for a thematic idea running

through my movies, and I see that

it's the outsider struggling for rec.

ognition," Scorsese once told an in.

terviewer. "Above all, Travis Bickle,

the taxi driver, is an outsider. And

I realize that all thy life I've been an

outsider and, above all, being onel

out never realizing it"

And in a 1976 interview about

"Taxi Driver," Foster had some chil.

lingly prescient observations about

the prototypical loner who is trans.

formed from a seemingly ordinary

roung man into a self-styled assassi

ut of a sense of impotence an

"I think the taxi driver represents

those people who are left anon.

ymous in the crowds, the loneli-

ness," the young actress told a

reporter.

Exec AD Adm. =

Exee AD Iny. -

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Asst. Dir.:

Adm. Servs.

Crim. Inv.

Ident. -

Intell. —

Laboratory

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Rec. Mgnt.

Tech. Servs.

Training -

Publie Affs. Off.

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The des York Tris- —

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The dill mida.."

4-1-81

16

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## Page 91

(6108k08.8-20-790

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Assassins-A torment of mind is

Asst. Dir.:

Adm. Servs.c

Crim. Inv. -

the matter

Ident.

Intell.

Laboratory

The psychology behind attempts to assassinate a

President hasn't changed since a house painter

named Richard Lawrence tried to shoot Andrew

lackson in 1835.

Lawrence had no political motive and was suffer-

ng from a serious mental imbalance. He explained

he assassination attempt by charging that President

Tackson had tried to kill his father.

The pattern of a nonpolitical attempt by a dis-

urbed person continues to this day, experts say.

"There have been 11 assassinatien attempts since .

835, and all of the assassin's but-one were overtly

nd grossly psychotig" fars friEmanuel Tanay, a

orensic psychiatrist at Wayne State University in

falling in life or on a downhill course, unable to

relate to women, obscure or unknown, and had near

or actual delusions of persecution and/or grandeur.

In all except one instance a handgun was used."

Only two women have attempted presidential

assassinations Sarah Jane

Moore and

Lynette

(Squeaky) Fromme, both of whom tried to shoot

President Ford within a 17-day period in 1975. Both

are serving life sentences in the same prison.

Another characteristic of assassins is that they

"often shift from one target to another,

Tanay said.

8öseph"Zangára, Whö tried to shoot President-elect

Legal Coun

By EDWARD EDELSON

selense Editor

Plan. & Insp. =

Rec. Mgnt! =

Tech. Servs. _

Training -

Public Alfs. Ofi.

Telephone Ri

Direcio:'s Sec'y

Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1932, first planned to kill

President Hoover.

A LETTER WRITTEN by John Warnock Hinckley

who has been charged with the shooting of

President-Reagan, raised the possibility that a vio.

ence-filled film might also have played a role in his

iction.

=

In the letter, addressed to actress Jodie Foster but

never mailed, Hinckley said that he-was going to do

comething that might get him killed and that he did

tot care what happened to him.

Among other roles, Foster appeared as a 13-year-

id prostitute in the Robert De Niro-film "Taxi-

Jriver." DeNiro played a New York cabby who

lotted an attempt on the life of a political candidate

nd killed several persons.

"Hathorities bave said that television and movie

depictions of violence could trigger violent acts in

some unbalanced individuals.

"TELEVISION intoxication" was used as an un.

successful defense in the trial of a youth, Ronny

Zamora, who was found guilty in a Florida case of

beating an elderly neighbor to death. Love of TV

police shows was cited as a defense in the recent case

of "Robert," the I year-old bank robbery suspect.

The pattern of assassination has been different in

other countries, where most assassinations have

political motivations, Tanay says. "Only psychotics

in this country attack Presidents," he says.

The one exception was the attempt by Puerto

Rican nationalists on the life of President Truman at

Blair House in Washington in 1050: Their emnounged

motive was to gain independence for Puerto Rico.

Aside from that attempt, Tanay says, "these are

not political activities.

There is a need for the

assassin to find a symbolic figure to attack."

AMERICAN ASSASSINS have been remarkably

similar. Dr. David.N. Daniels, a psychiatrist at

Stanford University, describes the pattern in a book,

"Violence and the Struggle for Existence": •

*'They have been white, smaller than average ste;'

The lashingson Pisi _

astincion iar-ole-

ily Sams New Seat

The Town York Time- -

Halt

41-81

+3-744807

17

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A gunman's love

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By JOSEPH VOLZ

Washington (News Bureau John

Warnock Hinckley Jr., the 25-year-oTd

drifter accused of attempting to kill

President Reagan, wrote to movie star

Jodie Foster that he would kill the

President if she refused to love him,

the Daily News learned yesterday.

Foster, 18, is widely known for her

role as a prostitute in the 1976 movie

"Taxi Driver,"

', a film that dealt in part

with a plan to assassinate a populist

Sources close to the investigation

said that Foster received several letters

from Hinckley, including one that com-

plained. that Reagan was somehow ob

structing the career of the young movie

The News Tearned that FBI agents

first interviewed Foster last November

after an anonymous letter threatening

the movie star's life was received at"

FBI headquarters. At the time, bureau

officials were not aware of Hinckley:

Foster told agents at the time she had

no idea who would want to harm her.

The FBI did not learn of the Hinck-

ley death threat letter until agents

searched his hotel room in Washington

and his most recent motel room in

Denver after the shooting.

FOSTER REPORTEDLY did not re.

ceive any letters signed by Hinckley

until the last few weeks, but sources

said she did not discuss them with FBI

agents until yesterday.

Foster is now a student at Yale

University in New Haven.

An unmailed letter; found during a

search of Hinckley's room at the Park

Central Hotel, near the White House,

Indicated that Hinckley "might go out

and do something to get himself killed,"

a Justice Department source said.

enforcement sources

said Foster had received several letters

from Hinckley in the last few weeks,

including one that told of his plans to

kill the President. There was no indica

tion that Hinckley and Foster had ever

met, the sources added.

In Hinckley's room, officials repor-

tedly also found photos of Foster, a

photo of Lee Harvey Oswald, President

John F. Kennedy's assassin, holding a

gun, and written material on past assas-

HINCKLEY, WHO IS undergoin®

pyschiatric tests in the brig at the

Quantico (Va.) Marine Base, 40 miles

south

of Washington, wrote in the

unmailed letter that he did not care

what happened to him, the sources

Investigative

Hinckley was infatuated with Foster

and was out to prove his love-and that

the infatuation grew into an obsession.

In "Taxi Driver," lead actor Robert

De Niro tells

Foster, who plays a

13-year-old prostitute:

"If you don't

love me, I'm going to kill the Presi.

sП.

Hinckley, in applying unsuccessfui.nsp.

ly for jobs with two Denver newspa.

pers

falsely listed Yale,

Foster's'--

school, as a college he had attended. In vs. -

truth, he was a Texas Tech dropout.

Attorney General William French .. Off.

Smith told congressional leaders yes.

terday that Foster was much on Hinck-

ley's mind.

Secy ..

PSYCHIATRISTS began interview.

ing Hinckley at Quantico in an attempt

to determine his mental competencs.

Justice Department spokesman Tem

DeCair said Hinckley was housed in a

G-foot by 10-foot cell with a cot and a

toilet and was being administered the

Hinckley is to appear before U.S

Magistrate Arthur L. Burnett tomorro

morning at 10 to determine if he should

be released on bail.

According to the Cable News Net.

work in Atlanta, Hinckley wrote to

Foster and said: "If you don't love me.

I'm going to kill the President."

In New Haven, Foster issued a state.

ment through Yale that said: "The FBI

and the U.S. attorney's office have

asked me to say nothing about John W.

Hinckley. But I do wish to say that I

have never met, spoken to or associated

with him. I will have no further com.

addressed is the e. Inquiries should be

INVESTIGATORS WERE intrigued

by the similarity between Hinckley's

actions and those of De Niro in "Taxi

Driver." But at the end of the film, De

Niro decides against shooting the politi-

cian and instead kills some lowlifes,

including pimps, in an orgy of shoot.

The Hashingtor. Pos: -

Dashington ter 3

Daily News (Ness Yorke.

The New York Time -

The Will Sires i dourned.

The Alain Cosstitut

Tie Los agates Tier

Date

4-1-81

The blonde Foster is not the typical

ingenue. She has specialized in "bad

girls," which might have appealed to

Hinckley, sources said.

In one film, for example, she plays

"The Little Girl Who Lives Down the

Lane," who kills her family and neigh.

bors. She currently is starring in an

off-campus production in New Häven

of a play, "Getting Out." Her role: a

prostitute.

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## Page 93

0-12 (Rer. 8-20-79)

A 'nobody' becomes

"somebody'

By ALTON SLAGLE

John Marnock Hinckley Jr. was nothing special. He was just one of those

quiet individuals who goes through life unnoticed. Perhaps that was his trouble.

His older brother was a "somebody"; he had joined their dad in a multi-million

dollar oil business. His younger sister was a "somebody," too; she had acquired a

husband and a fancy home. John, meanwhile, just drifted.

In 1974, Hinckley was a handsome, blond youth, quiet, well mannered,

graduate from a high s hool in the exclusive Dallas suburb of Highland Park. He

had just turned 19, and his life was one of mansions, backyard swimming pools,

nome Coke machines and school activities. Not particularly scholarly or athletic,

he was, said a teacher, "quiet, very reserved," and "didn't give anyone any

Three weeks ago, John Hinckley, his body now pudgy, his face florid, his

othing shabby, walked into G.I. Joe's Pawn Shop in Denver to hock a six-strin

lectric guitar and a Smith-Corona typewriter for $50. A clerk said he looked "lik

a man down on his luck," a man, it is now charged, who was to end a

ross-country bus trip by attacking the life of the President of the United States

SOMEWHERE IN THOSE SEVEN years, he took a bizarre turn. As he drifted

from his family, the quiet boy of 1974 apparently became a psychologically

tormented 25-year-old loner, who was ejected from the American Nazi Party as a

troublemaker, who lived with virtually no belongings in fithy; garbage-strewn

rooms, who rejected his father's money and his mother's smothering love and

who turned his back on his strict Christian heritage.

Hinckley had been given every advantage. What went wrong?

In high school, Hinckley belonged to the Roded Club, the Spanish Club, the

Student Government Club. "He was not a rowdy," said Redee Club-sponsor-Bill

Lieberman. Principal A.E. Sigler recalled "nothing special" about the boy.

A FRIEND NAMED GREGG-KALINA called John "mellow..: a follower, not

a leader, and basically fairly lazy not a guy to pick a fight," a boy, with a

protective mother who "babied him."

"He just wasn't a great personality, a jock or intellectual or anything that

distinguishing," said Craig McDaniels, another classmate.

Perhaps that was the problem.

After he finished high school, his father moved the family to the wealthy

Denver suburb of Evergreen, about 20 miles from the downtown headquarters of

his Vanderbilt Energy Corp., a successful oil and gas exploration firm. John

•decided, instead, to migrate to Lubbock, Tex., a quiet, dusty, cotton and cattle

town of 160,000 people on the tabletop-flat west Texas plains. He enrolled in

Texas Tech University, planning to study business administration, later switching

to liberal arts. But his favorite seemed to be history-Nazi history.

IN THE SECOND SUMMER session of 1978, Dr. Otto Nelson taught him a

course in modern Germany. Nelson said Hinckley was particularly attentive and

diligent when the subject turned to Hitler and the Auschwitz death camp. And he

avidly read Hitler's "Mein Kampf"-not "the kind of book a student would pick

up to get a historical view of Germany," Nelson said. Last Spring, Hinckley

reportedly signed up for a course in modern European social movements entitled

"Socialism, Communism, Anarchism-and Fascism." But he never appeared in

Dr. Joseph. King taught him U.S. economic history in the fall of 1979 and

recalls that John was attentive; above average. "I remember him distinctly," King

said. "I remember he didn't look like his new pictures; he looked like his early

photos." King said his student took careful notes, always sat alone and "never

really laughed at my jokes."

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ANOTHER, LUBBOCK RESIDENT, Calvi

ne, maintenance manager o

he University Arms, where Hinckley once lived, remembers the suspect in th

attempted assassination of the President. Wynne recalls a conversation during

last year's political campaign in which Hinckley showed hostility toward

government and had no allegiance to authority.

"We were talking about Reagan," Wynne said. "He was trying to defend Ed.

Clark, the National Libertarian candidate. He said, 'If I had to make a choice, I

vould pick Clark, but none of them know what they're doing. They're all toc

Yynne said the youth's attitude was strained, as if he had something on hi

nind and wanted to tell his problem to someone. Hinckley was nervous an

hyperactive, he said.

Mark Swoffard, who helped manage one Lubbock apartment complex where

linckley lived in 1979, recalls him as "so damn strange," a man who was alway

alone and never talked to anyone. He said the $175-a-month apartment was "a

mess," with "garbage piled up all over the cabinets and even in the bookshelves."

Other than garbage, he said, "it looked like no one lived there."

IINCKLEY'S PHOTO IN LA VENTANA, the Teeb yearbook, listed no clul

nemberships or activities. But he was active in one area. Last September, a

Lubbock Pawnshop, he bought a .22-caliber pistol.

As Hinckley drifted in and out of university life, he alternated classes with odd

jobs—a salesman in Hollywood, a bookkeeper in Dallas, a bartender in Denver

He decided to be a réporter. Last October, in Denver, he applied for werk at both

the Denver Post and The Rocky Mountain News, citing a college degree he

lacked-rexas Tech, '80, English and journalism, with some time at Yale-and

job experience he may or may not have had Under "hobbies" on his job

applications, he listed "reading, sports, pplitics. He was pot hired.

• Indeed, he had a stint with politics. In 1978, he met Michael C. Allen,

president-elect of the Nazi-style National Socialist Party of America, during a

neo-Nazi march in St. Louis. The next year, he joined the party.

BUT IN THAT, TOO, there was disappointment. "He felt the party was not

sufficiently militant for him," said Harold A Covington, the president. "He felt

we should be waging armed struggle against the government." And, said Allen

Hinckley "wanted to shoot people and blow things up." He was, in a word, ".

nut." The party expelled him, and the roaming continued.

sast Oct. 9, Hinckley showed up in Nashville on the day President Carter wa.

holding a "town hall" meeting at the Grand Ole Opry. Ronald Reagan had jus

canceled a campaign stop there: Hinckley tried to leave aboard an American

irlines jet with three handguns--two .22-caliber R.G. Model 14s and a .38 calibe

pistol, along with 50 rounds of ammunition. The metal detector used by airport

security caught him, and he was arrested.

An airline spokesman, people frequently are caught trying to smuggle guns

aboard planes. He was merely fined $50 plus $12.50 in court costs and was

released. His name was not added to the list of 400 people that the Secret Service

considers potential assassins or even to the list of 25,000 believed to be likely

IT SHOULD HAVE BEEN, say experts- in retrospect. The signs were there.

"John had been under psychiatric care," said a spokesman for his heartbroken

family. "However, the evaluations did not alert anyone to the seriousness of his

condition."

Dr. Stuart Berger, a New York forensic psychiatrist, said Hinckley "seems

severely disturbed." Berger described the would be assassin as "isolated and

were very conservative, supporters of Reagan. John was ostracized from his

family. To compensate for his failure, he became fanatically right-wing and

perceived the Reagan administration as going to the left... as a threat to national

is tamily on the other hand, entinued as staunch Republicans, contrbutly

heavily to George Bush's unsuccessful presidential campaign,

supporting Reagan. John Hinckley's brother, Scott, was to have visited Nei

BuSh, who is Vice President Bush's son, and his wife, Sharon, for dinner las

light at their Denver home. Neil Bush works in Denver for Standard Oil o

IN FURTHER IRONY

Lubbock. Both Bush brothers say, however, that if they ever met the elusive John

finckley, they weren't aware afita

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## Page 95

0-19 1184-8-26-791

"Taxi Driver' Plot May Have Inspired

Man Accused of Shooting the President

The man accused of shooting President

sity of Southern California doesn't include

Reagan, law enforcement officials believe,

any such reference. Sources said, however.

may have been inspired by the plot of a

that one of the letters Mr. Hinckley wrote

morie.

Miss Foster also said, "If you don't love

Officials found a letter in John w

me. I'm going to kill the President."

Hinckley Jr.'s Washington hotel room after

The film includes a sequence in which

he was apprehended following the assassi.

the De Niro character storms

nation attempt. It was written to Jodie

house of prostitution where the girl played

Foster, an actress who played an impor-

by Jodie Foster works, killing severai per:

tant role in a movie a few years ago enti-

sons in a blood-soaked orgy of violence. He

tled, "Taxi Driver."

Attorney General William French Smith

told White House and congressional off-

clais the letter says the wnter killed the

• President.

* Mr. Smith also disclosed that this sce-

nario paralleled the movie, in which Rob

This story is based in reports from

Albert R. Hunt and Robert E. Taylor in

Washington and Dale D. Buss and Neil

Marcell in Dallas.

ert De Niro plays a cab driver who plots to

kill a public official; in the movie, this cab

driver is attracted to.a. teenage prostitute

played by Miss Foster.

.... -*The Attorney General told

-there was reason-to believe Mr. Hinckley

had a crush on Miss Foster and that he

had written to her at least twice before.

Federal law officials are said to have con-

tacted the actress-who isn't implicated-in

the case in any way-and may have the

Mr. Smith. other officials say, believes

the movie and Mr. Hinckley's infatuation

with Miss Foster were the catalyst for his

actions, rather than any political motive.

In the film, the character played by Mr.

De Niro undergoes a long psychological de-

terioration in which he becomes increas.

ingly isolated from the world around him.

This fits several descriptions of Mr. Hinck•

ley as a loner, a drifter, who seemed down

and newspapers treat him as a hero.

Federal officials wouldn't discuss the !

letter, but did confirm that they found one

indicating he "might go out and do some-

thing to get himself killed."

There were unconfirmed reports tha!

Miss Foster, currently a student at Yale

University, contacted the Federal Bureau

of Investigation earlier about the letters.

Late yesterday, Miss Foster issued a state-

ment through

the university that said:

"The FBI and the U.S.

Attorney's office

have asked me to say nothing about John

W. Hinckley. But I do wish to say that 1

have never met, spoken to or associated

to the FBI."

It also was learned yesterday that Mr.

Hinckley may have hung around the Rea:

gan headquarters in Arlington, Va., during

the ral election campaign. At least one

staffer apparently remembered seeing hin:

asking for brochures, bumper stickers and

the like, and has passed this information

that federal officials found a picture of Lee

notel room as well as some witten mate.

ral on other assassinations.

A Justice Department spokesman said

Mr. Hinckley is being held in a six-by-ten

foot cell at the marine base at Quantico,

Va. He is isolated from other.prisoners and

guarded by 25 U.S. marshals, the spokes-

As a taxi driver, the De Niro character

is exposed to the seamiest side of the big

city where he works, where drugs, prosti-

tution and crime are common. Determined

to do something, he shayes his head;

adopts paramilitary dress and arms him-

self with several guns and knives. He plots

to kill a presidential candidate at a speech.

But he is noticed by one of the politician's

guards and flees the scene.

The movie initially was released in 1976,.

then ran on ABC-TV on Jan. 28, 1979, and

has been on subscription television. In the

movie.-according to United Press Interna-

tional, at one point Mr. De Niro says to a

woman companion: "If you don't love me

I'm going to kill the President."

copy of the director's script at the Univer-

The spokesman said he was visited yes.

terday by two attorneys from the law firm

of Williams and Connolly-the firm of the

Edward Bennett

Williams-but neither the spokesman nor

the law firm could identify the lawyers.

A psychologist is due to evaluate Mr.

Hinckley today, in preparation for a hear-

•ing here tomorrow on his mental compet-

Chasing leads to Mr. Hinckley's recent

past can be an elusive task, as shown by

the information on his abolications for jobs

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Plot of "Taxi Driver'

May Have Been Used

As Basis for Attack

Contmued f'rom Page Tuo

in October at The Denver Post and Rocky

Mountain News

Neither

newspaper considered

him

enough of a prospect to pursue his Oct. 20

applications.

"We have

searched

Our

memories

trying to recall him. and can't. There are

no notations on his application."

says

personnel executive at the Post. "He was a

faceless, nameless one of about 1,500 a

year who walk in. He was just one of those

great masses: the application was never

If it had been, untruths would have ap-

peared quickly. At The News, he lied in

saying he was a spring. 1980, graduate of

Texas Tech:. although at The Post, he told

the truth and said he only atlended the

Lubbuck university.

He sold The News he attended Yale for

a month last fall. but the director.of Yale's

news bureau says,

"We have sueni 12

hours going through records, and we call

find no such name.

For job experience, he listed Taylor

Publishing Co. in Dallas, where he says he

worked in the summer of 1978. But a

spokesman-says he never leard of him or

the Mr. Atkins that John Hinckley Jr.

listed as his supervisor. Mr. Hinckley also

listed Ellis Photography in Los Angeles as

a former employer, bui Mrs. Richard Law:

rence Ellis: whose husband operated that

business in 1976, says, "He never worked

for us."' It's possible, however, he might

have applied. "We remember a young man

coming up and looking for a job. and it

kind of looked like him, but I can't be nosi-

tive."

Mr. Hinckley's other past jub was listed

as bartender at Taylor Supper Club in

Lakewood, a Denver suburb, now a coun

try western club. Bo Cottrell, operator of

the club ai the time (October 1976 to Feb

ruary 1977), says, "A? first l was sure he

didn't work here, but now I've seen his pic-

ture, I can't be positive. I know he wasn't

a bartender, though."

The jub applications add little to the

record of what kind of person he is. He

noted at The Rocky Mountain News that he

had nu physical defects and no driving vio-

lations, that his hobbies were sports and

reading and that he wanted "any writing

job" that would pay St an hour.

At The Post, where the job he sought

was "writing, proofreading or circulation."

he listed his special skills and abilities as

"writing, proofreading and circulation.

Mr. Hinckley's final days in Denver

were spent at the Golden Hours Motel in a

$74.20-a-weck room and he ate, the help

says, three neals a day at a nearby Mc-

Donald's. He was there 16 days, ending

March 23, when he left, owing $50. It was

the same amount he received March 11

When he went to G.I. Joe's Pawn Shop and

hocked a typewnter and guitar.

While not much is known abeut his per-

sonal likes, he did have a reputation in

Denver for liking rock 'n roll music. and

had recently been a fan uf and attended a

concert by his current favorites. i punk

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Page 96

rock pruup called the Kamikaze Klones,

whe

ed such songs as

"Death Can Be

_d "Psycho Killer."

And John Hincklex Jr. had a fondness

for fast Tood,

according to D'Lynn Swat:

Lord who with her husband managed the

Westernaire apartments in Lubbock, where

Mr. Hunckley lived from May 1978, through

May 1979.

"One time we went into the apartment

to fix a drain, and he bad fast-food pack-

ages and ice-cream cartons all over the

floor. He must have never cooked, because

icebox were sparkling

says Mrs. Swafford, who added

that Mr. Hinckley always paid his rent on

From

talks with the Swaffords and

other acquaintances of Mr. Hinckley from

Texas Tech University in Lubbock, it's ap-

parent that above all, the young man liked

being alone.

"You had to initiate conversation with

him every time," says Kevin Crowley, who

lived six doors down from Mr. Hinckley on

the second floor of the 24-unit Westernaire

building.

"He liked to sit by the pool,

alone. He didn't have any parties, as 1 re

member, and attended only a few. If he did

come. he'd grab a beer and go back to his

Teresa Early, copy chief for the Texas

Tech student newspaper, The University

Dally, says Mr. Hinckley never graduated

from the school, though on a university

form last spring he said he expected lu

graduate in May 1980; when he enrolled ins

a class at Texas Tech again last summer,

Mr. Einckley listed an expected graduation

birth of

s founder, George Lincoln

Rockwe

cording to Kevin

Gately, a

sergeant in the party's paramilitary wing

The new recruit kept in touch with the

NASP chapter in Houston while attending

Texas Tech, Mr. Gately said. But Mr.

Hinckley was expelled from the group in

November 1979, "because we thought he

was either deranged or could become an

agent provocateur of violence." explained

Mr. Gately.

"He continually talked about

shooting people or blowing up things. and

tried to get people to join him in these

things."

Mr. Hinckley attended Texas Tech's

spring and summer sessions last year, ac-

cording to Miss Early at the university

daily. Mr. Hinckley didn't register for

classes in the fall.

But he was around Lubbock long enough

to buy two.22-caliber revolvers in Septers-

ber from Snidley Whiplash's pawn shop.

Owner William Brockett said he doesn't re-

member Mr. Hinckley, but confirms that

the purchase was made. "I didn't even

place the face: When I saw (Mr. Hinckley)

on TV." he said.

| on Adolf Hitler's "Mein Kampi" for Asso.

ciate Professor Otto Nelson's class on modi

m German history. The effort marke

Mr. Hinckley in Mr. Nelson's mind becaus

very few students manage to struggl

hrough the volume, much less write abou

Mr. Hinckley apparently took a liking to

agorbased white-supremacy group spli

red from the National Socialist Whil

joined NASP members in St. Louis for a

motorcade honoring the anniversary of the

22

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## Page 97

Calm World of Hinckley Family and Firm

Shattered by Allegation Son Shot Reagan

By GEORGE GETSCHOW

departure from the company and manage-

And BRENTON R. SCHLENDER

ment reshuffling could prove crucial to Van•

Stal! Reporters uf THE WALL STREET JOURNAL

derbilt's business.

"Nobody likes uncer

In 1974, John W. Hinckley Sr. moved his

tainty,"

acknowledges Mr. Netherland

family and the tiny oil and gas concern he

"Prospects can be lost, deals can pass you

founded from Dallas to Denver in search of

up, word can get around and then every.

the peace and quiet of the Colorado Rockies.

thing drifts the

other direction. We don't

The move proved propitious. According

want that at all."

to triends

and business

associates,

the

For example, a group of British investors

Hinckley family grew to enjoy its new home

who had scheduled a meeting with Mr.

in Evergreen, Colo., an affluent and pictur-

Hinckley to discuss a new drilling venture,

esque town of more than 2,000 people about

were told yesterday they'd have to deal with

30 miles west of Denver. And after strug

other company officials. A company lawyer

gling for a few years, Mr. Hinckley's com-

acknowledged that Mr. Hinckley's absence

pany, Vanderbilt Energy Corp., began to

"might delay the deal"

and said disclosure

floursh.

might jeopardize it.

As Mr. Hinckley declared in the compa-

ny's 1980 annual report,

"We are beginning

A Vanderbilt executive acknowledged

to gain momentum now." He closed his let-

ter to shareholders with a verse from Prov-

partment is under way but said the se mil-

erbs 16:3,

"Commit to the Lord whatever

Lion "is just not a realistic figure."

you do, and your plans will succeed."

Arnold Bjord, comptroller and treasurer.

But the serenity and guod fortune that

Mr. Hinckley and his company had discov.

ered was shattered Monday by news that

John Warnock Hinckley Jr., was accused of

These are six stripper wells, and that means

Shootig

President Reagan. The tragedy

they produce less than 10 barrels a day, so

figure how many days it would take to reach

sent shock waves through the little-known

oil and gas company, the full consequences

2 million. Our total oil and gas revenue.

of which may not be known for years.

last year were only $3,578,000.''

The last time the company had a similar

Already, major changes are in the works.

Yesterday, Mr. Hinckley Sr. temporarily re-

audit five years ago it had to pay a $650 ad-

linquished his post as Vanderbilt's chair-

man, president and chief executive officer.

were here yesterday morning and they met

Clarence M. Netherland, the 62-year-old vice

Chairman,-was named acting chairman, and

Rike E. Wootten, a 48-year-ola director, was

-morning and they said well wait another

two or three weeks."

named acting president. A company spokes-

Although the same lawyer asserted that

man said the length of their new assign-

it was "business as usual" at company

ments is "indefinite."

In a separate area, Vanderbilt Energy is

headquarters in Denver, others described it

under investigation by the Energy Depart-

as a business under heavy siege. Six armed

ment for about se million of alleged

over-

charges, federal officials said.

building in which Vanderbilt has its head.

Barely a few hours before the attempted

quarters, stopping strangers and searching

assassination Monday, Energy Department

auditors were meeting in Denver with sev-

address were stricken from the lobby's di-

eral officials of Vanderbilt Energy, includ-

ing Scott Hinckley, the brother of the ac-

cused assailant, according to federal offi-

no to man of ane. one at e

cials. John Hinckley Sr.

didn't attend the

meeting, these sources said.

eral menacing phone calls and bomb threats

Energy Department officials said they

yesterday morning. Federal agents are un-

were toid by the Federal Bureau of Investi-

Company officials declined to comment,

gation and other sources investigating the

shooting that there apparently wasn't any

out Ivonne Ellison, assistant secretary and

connection between the overcharge allega-

administrative manager at the company, ac-

tions and the assassination attempt. The

knowledged

that

situation

was

overcharge investigation is continuing, ac-

"'stressful."

: cording to agency officials.

Meanwhile, the senior Mr. Hinckley's de-

parture has created an atmosphere of uncer-

tainty around Vanderbilt, an impression the

company is anxious to dispell. In a prepared

statement yesterday afternoon, Vanderbilt

declared that Messrs. Netherland and Woot-

ten "will be actively involved in manage-

ment of the company,

," and will continue the

company's

"aggressive exploration pro-

gram." In addition, Scott Hinckley, Vander-

bilt's vice president, operations, will remain

"very active" in managing the company,

according to a company spokesman.

demo page 97

Exec AD Adm.-

Exec AD Inv. -

Exee AD LES _

Asst. Dir.:

Adm. Servs._m

Crim. Inv.

Ident.

Intell.

Laboratory =

Legal Coun. -

Plon. & Insp. -

Rec. Mgni. --

Tech. Servs. --

Training -

Public Affs. 0:.

Telephone Rm. -

Director's Sec'y

The Washing: un Post -

Washingson Stur-Nows.

Daily News New York'

The New York Times -

The Mall Sireei Journal

The Alland Con-titutor

The Los angeks Trus

Date -

23

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## Page 98

Vanderbilt's sudden emergence into the

'spotlight is an abrupt change for a small

company that is little known even in Den•

ver. According to the company's annual re-

port, Mr. Hinckley Sr. and a half dozen

"nervious friends and acquaintances (most

of whom are still shareholders)," founded

the company in 1970 with assets of oniy

$120,000. Sources say the company, traded

on the national over-the-counter

market

since 1976, was named in honor of Vander-

bilt University, Scott Hinckley's alma ma-

ter. The name also was chosen to gain atten-

tion among Eastern investors.

Last year, Vanderbilt's shares ranked in

the top 10% of the 2,990 issues included in

the National Association of Securities Deal-

ers monthly dollar volume summary. Yes-

terday, the company's shares were quoted

ai $12.75 bid, off 87½ cents from Monday.

In its year ended Sept. 30, proft rose to

$805.000, or 35 celis a share,

or 21 cents a share. the year before. 'Reve-

nue rose to $1.9 million from $3.7 million.

company has operations

eight

states and one Canadian province. Its total

proven reserves are 520,368 barrels of oil

and 12.9 trillion cubic feet of gas.

Until the management changes yester-

day, most analysts, traders and investors

seemed confident that Vanderbilt would be

able to weather the tragedy relatively un-

scathed. The company's strong cash posi-

tion, rising earnings and reserves of oil and

gas buoyed confidence in the company's im-

mediate prospects.

"It's a company with tremendous poten. r

tial," said John Kalmbach, senior oil ana-

lyst for Prescott, Ball & Turben in New

York.

"They've got the acreage and the

working capital and there's no reason for

them to fall to the floor.".

Such enthusiasm was dampened some-

What by Mr.

Hinckley's departure yester-

day. But not everyone has lost faith in the

company's previously bright future.

As Robert Isbell, a Vanderbilt investor

and drilling partner put it: "It's an unfortu.

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## Page 100

MEDICAL

ASPECTS

• HW 54952

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## Page 101

na Ros.

8-201-791

By LAWRENCE K. ALTMAN

Special to Tas Net York Ilmos

WASHINGTON, March 31 - Contrary

to earlier impressions of his condition,

when President Reagan walked into the

emergency room of George Washington

University Hospital yesterday, minutes

after being shot, he was having serious

breathing problems and was experienc

ing chest pain, his blood pressure was low

and falling, and he had been spitting up

plood from the wound in his Jung.

"He wes definitely in acute distress."

DI, William O'Neill, a surgical intern

gency room, said in an interview. "He

was uncomfortable."

Dr. Neill said that the President's life

was in serious danger until a team of doc

tors gave him fluids intravenously, ad-

ministered blood transfusions

chest surgery to stop the life threatening

bleeding caused by the bullet wound in

Di. Daniel Ruge, the President's per-

sonal physician, said late this afternoon

Reagan "is doing extremely

well." The President was awake much of

the night, but then slept in the morning,

read newspapers and began esting soup

and gelatin. He is receiving intravenous

fluids and antibiotic drugs.

Tube Kept as a Precaution

Other physicians attending the the

President said he was in "exceptionally

good condition." They gave him a favora-

ble prognosis after he passed a critical

stage in his recovery from emergency

surgery to stop the bleeding in his lung.

That stage was the removäl of a tübe

that had been placed in Mr. Reagan's

windpipe during surgery. It was routinely

kept there afterward largely as a precau-

tionary measure in case he required me

chanical assistance in breathing.

The President's breathing is painful be-

cause the bullet cracked his seventh rib

and because surgeons made a six-inch in-

cision in his chest. In addition, two other

tubes connected to suction devices are

draining air and fluid from his lungs.

Both tubes were inserted through the

Even so, Mr. Reagan was "requiring

almost no pain medication at ali," ac-

cording to Dr. Dennis S. O'Leary, dean

for clinical affairs at the hospital, where

Mr. Reagan is in the intensive care unit

according to standard procedure for his

kind of wound and treatment.

On Mr. Reagan's arrival at the hospital

yesterday,

Dr.

O'Neill said.

"The first

thing the President mentioned to me was

that he had been coughing up blood since

the event. He had complained of chest

pain and shortness of breath. He denied

having lost consciousness."

Dr. O'Neill said Mr. Reagan was not

Right after Shooting,'

Was in 'Acute Distress'

spitting up a lot of blood. "There was

blood staining of his lips and teeth and

there was blood in the back of his throat, "

Dr. O'Neill said that when he examined

Mr. Reagan in the emergency room, the

President's breathing rate was "in the

high 30's," or about twice the usual rate.

Mr. Reagan's puise was recorded at 88, or

slightly increased. "His blood pressure

was 78 by palpation," or lower than

usual, Dr. O'Neill said.

Mr. Reagan's blood pressure became

normal shortly after

stretcher for &

after "e or swo," Dr.

O'Neill said, adding that the temporary

drop in blood pressure might have been

"the result of the fact that he had walked

in and had a significant amount of blood

Lack of Oxygen and Nutrients

Although Mr. Reagan had low blood

pressure for a few minutes, Dr. O'Neill

said, he was never in shock. Shock is a

potentially fatal condition in which the •

blood pressure falls to such a low leve.

that the body cannot get enough axygen

and other nourishment.

Doctors monitor for shock by measur-

ing the urine that the body produces. The

President's urine production was good,

Dr. O'Neill said.

Doctors also do tests called "blood

gases" to determine the amounts

gases, such as oxygen and carbon,diox-

ide, in the blood. The measurements help

doctors determine the adequacy of a pa-

tient's blood circulation and respiration.

Exec AD Adm. -

eagan

Exec AD Inv. =

Exec AD LES

The George Washington University

doctors used the amount of blood drained

from the chest cavity as a measure of

how many units to transfuse into the .

• President.

"There was concern," among the doc

tors, Dr. O'Neill said.

"He deinitely wa

in a life-threatening situation. But he was-

very rapidly stabllized. Throughout the

President was able to communicate to us

his distress as well as his discomfort and_

shortness of breath. But he also was able

, to communicate that he was alert, ori. -

entod to time, place and person, and ai-

times he was able to make a risecrack or

two. But he was someone in acute dis-

tress."

Treating Events as Wo Saw Them'

Asked whether he had thought Mr. -

Reagan might die, Dr. O'Neill said: "I

can't answer that. We were treating

events as we saw them and responding to

his distress.

Certainly when you're in.

volved in the care of the President of the

United States the thought is there auto

matically in that setting. But there was

nothing specific to indicate that."

Now that Mr: Reagan is in the inten.

¡sive care unit, doctors and nurses are en-

couraging him to exercise the lung

through deep-breathing, to cough, and to

bring up any sputum.

Those steps are

considered critical in helping to prevent

such complications as atelectasis - the

collapse of the lung — and pneumonia.

Mr. Resgan is expected to remain al

the bospital for at least three more days,

according to his surgeon, Du Benjamali

Lo MAJOD. Also in private rooms in the

fourth-floor

Intensive-care

unit

are

James S. Brady, the President's press

secretary, and Timothy J. McCarhy,

Secret Service agent, who were wounded

by the same gunman. There are nine

cause 01-the chest-wound, the President i

other patients being treated in the unit, a

"'was working very hard" to maintain

hospltal otticial said.

As a standard part of treating chest in-

juries, emergency room physicans often

Insert a tube into the chest cavity to suck

out air if a condition called a pneumotha

rax, the presence of air in the chest cavi

y, has developed, as well as to suck ou

blood and other body fluids that might

have accumulated. Often, two tubes are

The Washingion Post -

put into the chest: one toward the top, the

otber toward the bottom of the rib cage.

Washington Star-News -

Usually both are inserted without the use

Daily News (New York).

The sew L'ork Times A=/8

Nesdle the Size of & Finger

The Hall Sirrer Journal

The chest tube consists of a needle

about the size of an index finger that is

The Allanie Construin

covered by flexible plastic. The plastic

The los angeles Thres

tubing is about a foot long and is pushed

Into the chest cavity. The other end of the

tube is attached to a suction device.

When the tube was inserted into Mr.

Dale

4-1-81

Reagan's chest, Dr. O'Neill said, a little

less than two pints of blood "came out

spontaneously.

The doctors immediately began giving

Mr. Reagan blood transfusions. Five

units - about 2½ quarts - were trans

fused before the operation began

About 10 to 12 units of blood circulate ir

the average adult male, which meant

that Mr. Reagan lost almost half his total

blood volume from the bullet wound.

Mr. Reagan's blood loss was appar.

wigorous but not rapid

I enough to cause shock or sudden death.

FE:-EON

NH 54952. DocId: 32989491

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## Page 102

Reagan, in Good Spirits,

Exec AD Adm. -

Exec AD Inv. -

Exec AD LES _

Asst. Dir.:

Making a Fast Recovery

Adm. Servs.

Crim. Inv..

Ident. -

Intell. -

Laboratory

By Lee Lescaze

Washington Post Staft Willer

Reports from the hospital

Legal Coun.

grew

New details of the lonely, direction-

President Reagan, cracking jokes

more optimistic throughout the day,

less life of John W. Hinckley Jr., who

Plan. & Insp. _

through his first day of exercising au-

as Brady showed ability to wiggle his

accused of

attempting

Rec. Mgnt.

toes and follow other commands.

thority from a hospital bed, was mak-

Reagan with a .22-cal. revolver, came

Tech. Servs.

ing an excellent recovery yesterday

O'Leary was cautious in predicting

from a letter seized by D.C. police Training

from a bullet fired into his chest, ap-

Brady's chances for recovery, however.

from the hotel room where he was ablie Affs. Off..

parently by a former neo-Nazi who

"In cases like this the spectrum of

staying in Washington and from lead-

:lephone Rm. -

possible outcomes is very wide," he

pulled the trigger in an attempt to

ers of the neo-Nazi National Socialist

irector's Sec'y -

impress a movie actress.

said. "We are cautiously optimistic.

Party in Chicago.

"He is in excellent spirits. All of his

You can keep his lungs and heart go-

The letter reportedly revealed that

vital signs are entirely normal. He's on

ing, but you don't know what he has

Hinckley had a fantasy relationship

almost no medication," said Dr. Den-

left in his head."

with actress codie Foster, 18, who

nis O'Leary, the dean for clinical af-

Brady's 74-year-old mother rushed

played a youthful prostitute in the

fairs at George Washington Universi-

to Washington from her home in Cen-

movie "Taxi Driver," and wanted to

ty.

tralia, Il., in a plane provided by Gov

impress her. Sources also said it indi-

O'Leary estimated that the presi-

James

R. Thompson.

She joined

cated that he might be seeking to

• dent will be hospitalized for another

Brady's wie, Sarah, at his bedside.

commit a crime that would "get him-

week of two and that it will probably

His 85-year-old father, Harold, a re-

self killed."

be "a couple of months before he is

tired railroad worker who recently suf-

Foster is a freshman at Yale Uni-

totally back to riding horses." He said

fered a stroke, remained at home.

versity, where

she made her stage

he did not think Reagan required

Timothy J. McCarthy, the Secret

debut last week in a student prison

"any intensive level of medical care."

Service agent who was gunned down

drama entitled, "Getting Out."

• with a bullet in the abdomen, was re-

The president-elect of the National

The only somber moment in the

ported as doing "extremely well." D.C.

Socialist Party said Hinckley was ex-

president's cheerful day of recovery

police officer Thomas Delehanty, who

pelled in 1979 because he "wanted to

from a wound and an operation that

was shot in

I the neck, improved yes-

he withstood like a much younger

shoot people and blow things up." Mi-

terday from "serious" to "fair",

chael C. Alien, said Hinckley had

man came-at 12:16-p.m., when White

Meanwhile, at the White House,

joined sometime after March

12,

House doctor Daniel Ruge told him

Meese and Baker worked with Vice

1978, and was dropped from the

that press secretary James S. Brady

President Bush to convey the impres-

membership rolls on Nov. 9. 1979.

and two other men also had been

sion that the crisis had passed and

Hinckley was a "storm trooper" for

that it was business as usual.

the party, one of the men who pro-

"Oh, damn. Oh, damn," Reagan re-

"The president is running the coun-

tected its leaders, but Allen said the

sponded. and his eyes filled with tears,

try," Baker said. At a Cabinet meeting

troubled son of a wealthy Colorado oil

White House chief of staff James A.

called to report on the president's

executive "was just uncontrollable."

Beker Ill told reporters.

condition and discuss the continuing

"That means four bullets hit. Good

business of government,

Lord," said the president, who had

only seen one man fall to the sidewalk

before he was knocked into his limou-

sine by a Secret Service agent and

rushed away.

White House

counsellor Edwin

Meese III said that as he was being

wheeled into surgery Monday Reagan

man, Pete Teelev.

Bush will act in the president's

asked about the man he had seen fall,

and aides had not wanted to distress

him by giving a complete report on

the casualties.

The l'ashington Post_M

Washington Star-New's -

Daily New's (New York'-

The New York Times

The Kall Street Journal -

The Atlanta Consinutes:

The Los Angeles Tures

4-1-81

Dale

Brady, whose life appeared to hang

in the balance as he underwent exten-

give brain surgery Monday, appeared

to be making an extraordinary recov-

ery. Brady would live, but had sus-

'Hi fellas. I knew it would be to

tained "fairly extensive damage of the

much to hope that we could skip a

right hemisphere

brain,"

staff meeting."

O'Leary said in the morning.

26

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Page 102

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## Page 103

In: Lubbock, Tex., an apartment

maintenance man who spoke twice

with Hinckley recalled a conversation

during last year's presidential cam-

paign in which the suspect said all the

presidential candidates should be

"eliminated" except Libertarian Party

candidate Ed Clark, whom he sup.

ported.

Hinckley was being held yesterday

under extraordinary security at the

brig on the Quantico,

Marine

training base. He has been

only in the shooting of Reagan and

McCarthy, but ether charges

pending.

In an intensive-care room described

by Resgan's deputy chief of staff. Mi-

chael K. Deaver, as barren, Reagan

was performing like the master of cer-

emonies assigned to keep other peo-

ple's spirits high in a time of trouble.

As if he were not the wounded 70-

year-old victim of an attempted assas-

sination, Reagan was bantering with

aides, doctors and nurses, first in writ-

ten notes and, after 3 a.m., when the

tubes were removed from his nose and

mouth. by voice.

"I nivays heal fast,

" he cold a nurse.

"Keep up the good work," she re-

sponded

"You mean this may happen several

murt times?" he juked

in the busy recovery room after he

came out of the anesthetic following

his three-hour-long chest surgery to

remove the bullet that punctured his

left lung, Reagan remarked:

"If I got this much attention in

Hollywood, I'd never have left."-

The president's

jokes, relayed by

O'Leary

and

White House aides,

helped bulster the impression of a

leader in command, relared and as

full of the Reagan optimism as he was

before the bullet struck him.

His

remarkably rapid

recovery,

which lefi O'Leary saying "I am really

stunned by how alert and with it he

is," was attributed tu his extremely

strong health despite his

age. But

Reagan apparently planned to exceed

-his doctors' predictions.

When they told him that it would

be two or more months before he

could ride horses again, the president

held up one finger in silent disagree-

ment, Deaver said.

"The president. is requiring almost

no pain medication at all. He is tough

in a good sense," O'Leary said.

"He's obviousty able to function

right now in terms of his thought

process. capacity to make decisions

and so forth." O'Leary said in the

• morning.

"What a constitution that Irishman

has," Sen. Paul D. Laxalt (R-Nev.),

one of Reagan's close friends, said in

admiration.

27

H# 54952

DocId: 32989491

Reagan didn't know he had been

til he was examined at the hos-

ental, and Secret Service agent Jerry

Part originally ordered the limousine

to take the president back to

the

White House.

En route, however,

Reagan complained of a soreness in

his rib cage and a bit of difficulty

breathing, and Parr ordered him

taken to the hospital.

"He had walked into the hospital

on his own, under his own power, and

fallen, sort, of passed out there in the

energency room," Baker told reporters.

Reagan was given blood transfusions,

and his condition was restored to sta-

Down the hall from Reagan's hospi-

tal room a White house command

center was equipped with all of the

communications equipment that goes

with the president on all his travels.

Baker said the secure White house

communications were operating within

45 minutes of the president's arrival

at the hospital.

Dare

Fisher and

Heiene

Damm. two personal aides to

vun

the

president, were in the command ren-

ter, as was a military aide with the se-

cret codes the president would need in

the event of confrontation with the

Soviet Union.

Baker said that any question need-

ing a decision would be telephoned to

the president. The top White House

advisers also will visit the president

once a day or more often as they

shake down the new logistics of gov-

ernment.

Baker held a mid-afternoon news

briefing in an attempt to deflate re-

ports of new tension between Secre-

tary of State Alexander M. Haig Jr.

and senior White House advisers as a

result of Haig's role during the tense

hours before it was known that the

president would come through his or-

deal so well

Responding

to

reports

Reagan's closest aides were once again

angry at a grab for power by the sec-

retary, Baker said, "The White House

staff is not displeased at all with the

secretary's

performance

yesterday

(Monday). We think

emment

functioned. the entire gov.

well

yesterday.

We particularly think he functioned

well yesterday here as the contact in

the situation.room."

Baker acknowledged that there had

been a disagreement between Haig

and Defense Secretary Caspar W

Weinberger during the hours that the

president was undergoing surgery, but

he refused to say what it had been

about.

David Gergen a deputy to Baker,

said: "Al Haig did one hell of a job

down there, and we really thoroughly

appreciate what he did."

Page 103

Gergen said the Haig-Weinberger

dispu

not over who was in

charge

's very clear," he added.

Gergen said there were no shouted ex-

changes, and sought to play down the

dispute. Other sources said Weinber-

ger was upset by Haig's emotional

claim Monday to have authority in

the line of executive power and by the

nature of increased readiness ordered

for U.S. forces around the world.

Haig and a majority of the Cabinet

had assembled in the Situation Room

to await word of Reagan and the re-

turn from

Texas of Bush. Under

terms of the 25th Amendment. if the

president is not in condition to de.

clare his own disability and transfer

power to the vice president. the trans.

fer can be accomplished by a majority

of Cabinet members and the

VICE

president.

Baker said he and Meese discussed

the possibility

that

the president

should transfer power when they met

at the hospital minutes after Reagan

had entered the emergency room.

He said it was the view of all con-

cerned that if the only time period

during which the president was inca-

pacitated was while he was under an-

esthesia or recuperating from anesthe-

sia, "There would not be any even

preliminary steps taken toward the

25th Amendment, that the best ap-

proach as far as the country and the

American people

were concerned

would be business as usual, to the ex-

tent that that could happen."

To that end, Bush invited the Sen-

ate leaders of both parties to the

White House yesterday morning for a

briefing on the president's condition

and the procedures that the White

House aides would follow while the

president remained hospitalized

Minority Whip Alan Cranston (D.

Calif.) said the meeting was called "in

assure us that things were normal and

tempted assassination has "gone very

smoothly and very effectively."

The senators were assured, as Ma

Try, set. hathere had been P.

-2:

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## Page 104

Baker told reporters that the some-

what confusing report Monday of a

command authority that would pass

in succession from president to vice

aid. He said that an emergency sys

em is established at the outset of a

ahout Brady, 40, who was remoried by

dretors to have lost a gond deal oi the

right hemisphere of his brain. His let:

hemisphere

is dominant. however.

Oleary said.

The doctor who actes as a spies.

man for the hospital said: "In patients

like this the spectrum of possible our-

comes is very, very wide."

MH 54952

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-3.

28

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## Page 105

•a Brady Improves

By Susan Okie and Victor Cohn

Washington Post Stall Wrlters

Presidential press secretary James

S. Brady regained consciousness but

remained in critical condition in the

intensive care unit at George Wash-

ington University Hospital yesterday,

after undergoing a 6½-hour operation

in which doctors removed a large por-

tion of the right frontal lobe of his

destruction

tissue on the right side of his brain

and some damage to the left frontal

lobe, Brady's condition improved dra-

matically in the hours after surgery.

He was awake, able to see, and able

to move his right arm and leg when

asked to, according to doctors at the

Considering the severity of Brady's

brain injuries, one of the doctors

called his progress "extraordinary."

"Everybody's very encouraged," said

Brady's old boss, Sen. William Roth

(R-Del.), after speaking with Brady's

wife and one of his doctors at the

hospital. "Things are going better than

we had hoped for or were prepared

However, one of the doctors in-

volved in the case said it was too early

to be certain whether his improve-

ment would continue. "We're

guardedly, cautiously optimistic," he

said, "but the problem is that within

the first 24-to-36-hours-after this kind

of ordeal things can change. By to-

morrow or the next day, if they

haven't changed, I'd feel a little more

comfortable...

The bullet that struck Brady en-

tered his head above the left eye,

lobe of his brain. It then

crossed to the right side of the brain,

where it did far greater damage -

causing severe bleeding in the right

frontal lobe, according to doctors at

the hospital.

One doctor said the initial CAT.

scan - a cross-sectional X-ray of the

brain done Monday as soon as Brady

reached

emergency

room —

looked like "a disaster." He also said

that before surgery Brady's doctors

feared that expansion of the right half

of the brain from blood and swelling

might cause fatal pressure on the

brain stem, which maintains breathing,

and awareness.

A doctor involved in the case said,

that the team of neurosurgeons, head-

ed by Dr. Arthur I. Kobrine, removed

"a lot of brain tissue" from the right

frontal lobe. They also took out the

bullet, which had lodged in the back

54952

DocId: 32989491

Page

105

amatically

portion of the right side of the brain.

A much smaller amount of tissue de-

stroyed by the bullet at the tip of the

left frontal lobe was also removed, the

doctor said.

Doctors do not operate in every

case to remove damaged brain tissue.

In this case, however, emergency sur-

gery was done to remove blood and to

decrease the presure on undamaged

portions of the brain.

The long-term effects on Brady of

the loss of brain tissue from the fron-

tal lobes are not yet known.

"We believe he is going to live," Di

Dennis O'leary, dean for clinical ai-

fairs at George Washington University

Medical School, said in a statement.

yesterday moming. But he added, "In

patients like this, the spectrum of

possible outcomes is very, very wide

.... We have no idea where he is

going to end up."

The major function of the frontal

lobes of the brain is the control of

voluntary muscular movement of the

body, with the left frontal lobe affect-

ing movement of the right half of the

ody, and the right tronta lobe con

rolling movement of the left half ol

suffered lis

destruction of the left

frontal l

senhop said.

IC AD Adm. -

Initially, ne

said, patients who have •c AD Inv. -

lost most of one frontal lobe often - AD LES _

show profound apathy or indifference.

t. Dir.:

"They're inappropriate in moods, and

they're not spontaneous," he said.

Im. Servs.

"They'll answer questions with whole

im. Inv.

sentences but not volunteer anything."

int. —

Within six to 12 months, however,

ell. -

the personality functions of the lost boratory

frontal lobe can be taken over by the

gol Coun. -

one on the opposite side - "really

an. & Insp. -

remarkably completely in some peo. ic. Mgnt. -

ple," he said. The amount of recovery ich. Servs. —

varies from patient to patient, and in oining

Brady will depend on how much lic Affs. OH.

damage was done to the left fronta ephone Rm. -

lobe, he said.

ector's Secy -

Doctors said Brady received two

intravenous medications, mannito! and

be routine procedure to administer

antibiotics to prevent a brain infec-

tion, one possible complication of his

surgery.

Luessenhop said the fact that

frontal lobes — most often the left

be a little worse probably for a few

contains the brain's speech center. In days," because temporary swelling

who 18 night-handed,

speech center would be located on the

may develop from the surgery, he

said.

left side, and thus may have been

unaffected by his wound, according to

Dr. Harvey Ammerman, a clinical

professor of neurosurgery at George

Washington University Medical

A doctor at the hospital said it was

impossible to test Brady's ability to

speak unti a breathing tube is re-

moved. The tube has been. passed

through his mouth into the windpipe.

The frontal lobes also contain areas

that subtly influence personality. Pa-

tients whose lobes on both sides have

been largely destroyed - such

mental patients who have undergone

prefrontal lobotomies - show perma-

nent personality changes, including

apathy and loss of drive, according to

Dr. Alfred J. Luessenhop, chief of

neurosurgery at Georgetown Universi-

ty Medical School.

However, permanent changes may

not occur in Brady, who apparently.

The Washingion Post AlY.

Washington Siar-Yell's -

Daily News (Ness )'ort -

The Jew York Tines -

Tho Will Siree i Jrarhe! -

The Ailario Consiau,..

The Los Angelos Tine=

Dalto

4-1-81

29

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## Page 106

TOP VIEW CROSS SECTION SHOWING THE EXTERT

OF JAMES BRADY'S WOUND

PATH OF BULLET

/ BULLET ENTERED

BRADY'S SKULL

ABOVE THE

LEFT EYE

LEFT

FRONTAL

LOBE-

RIGHY

FRONTAL

- LOBE

BULLET LODGED

IN RIGHT SIDE

OF BRAIN ABOVE

THE EAR

BULLET CAUSED SEVERE/

DAMAGE AND BLEEDING

TO RIGHT FRONTAL

LOBE. NECESSITATING

THE REMOVAL OF A

GREAT AMOUNT OF TIS-

SUE TO RELEVE

PRESSURE AND

SWELLING OF THE

BRAIN ITSELF WHICH

COULD HAVE BEEN

FATAL

DAMAGED AREAS

WHERE TISSUE

WAS REMOVED

By Robert Barkin - The Weshington Post

30

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## Page 107

0-19 (Rer. 8-20-79)

• НЫ 54952

Reagan Bouncing Back

Like a Man in His 50s

By Victor Cohn and Susan Okie

Reagan was not told about the gravity

Washington Pos: Brall Writers

of Brady's head wound and brain in-

President Reagan,

& 70-year-old

jury unti yesterday afternoon

who is healing like a 50-year-old, was

recovering so fast yesterday that one

"Just

remember,"

O'Leary

ex-

plained, the president was

"coming

of his doctors at George Washington

out of major surgery. He'd been up all

University

Hospital said he was

day and night," so his doctors had to

"stunned."

decide "how much" news he should

He was in "excellent spirits" and

have to absorb right away.

"exceptionally good condition,"

Such news aside, the president's

Dr. Dennis O'Leary, adding that the

course read like an old movie script.

president probably could have put in

He had been rushed to the hospital

a full day's work if he had not needed

Monday. Fifteen doctors

crowded

some sleep.

around him and quickly shoved

Many physiciars compared Reagan

tube into his chest to drain out the air

to "a man in his 50s" in his high-

and blood that had deflated his

spirited, quickly mending reaction to

wounded left lung. This quickly rein-

what was, at the least, a moderately

flated it.

serious gunshot wound followed by

X-rays and blood tests followed,

major surgery.

But another doctor also said, "Both

he and the country are fortunate ev-

erything is going fine."

The president, as healthy as he is,

was also lucky Monday afternoon.

loet. Then came his three hours of

surgery - to search the chest and

abdomen for other damage (none was

found), to drain out more bloody flu-

Several doctors said he was lucky

his assailant used a .22-cal. pistol,

what one doctor called "a lady's gun."

Had his would-be assassin used a .45,

the heavy slug could have torn

quickly lethal hole through his insides.

out of the operating arena at 6:20

.m., his doctors left in place the er

lotracheal tube, the tube down h

windpipe through which they had

Second, he was lucky because the

bullet hit a rib and was deflected.

Otherwise it might have struck an

organ more vital than the lung.

And last, he was lucky because he

was minutes away from a major and

first-class medical center. He could

immediately be greeted by platoons of

specialists of every kind.

Then —

since he was bleeding internally and

seriously from his wounded lung —

the bleeding could be halted before it

became truly dangerous.

A report on his condition was given

yesterday by O'Leary, George Wash-

ington clinical (medical) aftairs dean,

at a White House briefing.

Despite a mostly sleepless night in

a busy intensive care unit — "not a

restful place," O'Leary said - Reagan

was alert and taking "almost no" pain

medication for what many persons

would find a painful condition.

Questioned closely about the presi-

dent's abilities should a crisis arise,

O'Leary said: "I think he is quite ca-

pable of making decisions and inter-

acting with people. I wouldn't encour-

age him to put in an 18-hour day, but

I am sure he can attend to the impor-

tant matters of government today.'

This assessment came just 18 hours

after the shooting of the president

and three of his entourage, including

Doc I ciss pies seretaryadamern Brady.

him.

Asked

about

Reaks about joat e of

said it showed

vita

peson. He is your very

good sense."

Another George Washington sur

geon, Dr. Glenn Geelhoed, who was i

the operating area,

thought: "He's a performer. He recog-

nizes that people are responding to

him,

and he responds accordingly

.... He recognizes also, as any presi-

dent should, that he is the center of

attention, that people are aware of his

statements and he should be consid.

ered upbeat."

Then, for age 70, there is simply

that youth.

Dr. Eugene Erman, a Los Angeles

chest surgeon unconnected with the

case, said, "Many people do well after

such surgery. Some do exceptionally

well. He is one. I think you have to

remember that some people at 50

look like 70. Some at 70 look like 50.

His doctors have said over and over

that he's in good physical condition

This shows it.

Geelhoed put his "physiological age"

in the "late 50s." O'Leary said, "he is

a physiologically young person" who at

this point — and barring surprises —

is "doing beautifully."

Exee AD Adm. -

Exec AD Inv. =

Exec AD LES

Asst. Dir.:

Adm. Servs.-

Crim. Inv.

Ident. =

Intell. -

Laboratory

Legal Coun.

Plan. & Insp.

Rec. Mgnt. -

Tech. Servs. _

Training -

Public Affs. Dir.

Telephone Rm. -

Directo's Secy.

The Washingion Post

Washington Siar-Jens -

Daily News (New Yorks -

The New York Tin... -

The Hall sires dournd -

Tho Atlanti. Consinute

The leos Angeles Thie.

Date

4-1-81

31

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## Page 108

Reagan Staff Flan

For Interim Rule:

'Business as Usual'

By Lou Cannon

Washington Past Stalf Walter

Hours after Ronald Reagan was shot, even before the

bullet was removed from his chest, the White House senior

staff was drafting the blueprint for sustaining the momen-

,tum of the Reagan administration while the president re-

covers from his wound.

Presidential counselor Edwin Meese III

summarized the

strategy yesterday in a single sentence:

"Basically, the message is that this government is doing

business as usual."

Until the president is

safely returned to the White

House and fully back at work in the Oval Office, every

public gesture and activity will be aimed at demonstrating

that nothing fundamental has changed while he is away. As

it happens, the Reagan White House had at its fingertips a

handy guide from history — how the Eisenhower adminis-

tration maintained its equilibrium when Ike was hospital-

ized with a heart attack on Sept. 24, 1955.

"It's just as if the president were here in the Oval Office

the way the White House is running," said Michael K.

Deaver, the White House deputy chief of staff who was at

the president's side when he was wounded Monday.

Deaver's comment reflects a confidence among

senior

advisers that Reagan, from his hospital bed, will be able to

make the decisions that are required of a president.

The White House approach also demonstrated that

Meese, Deaver and chief of staff James A. Baker Ill have a

public relations awareness of the need to show that the

government has not been thrown off stride, despite the

trauma of the attack.

• Yesterday, for instance, the president's three senior ad-

visers held their usual early-morning meeting - only this

time it was around the president's hospital bed. At break:

fast, the president signed a bill, using his hospital traj as a

desk. Later, Vice President. Bush presided at an informal

Cabinet meeting, subbed for Reagan at a meeting with

congressional leaders and lunched

with the Dutch prime minister.

These small but important gestures

of continuity could well have been

lifted from the days of 1955 when

Vice President Richard Nixon filled in

for the recuperating president while

Eisenhower's senior staff kept the

government running.

Late Monday afternoon, when the

extent of Reagan's injury was not fully

known,

White House speechwriter

Tony Dolan sent Robert M. Garnck,

Meese's deputy, a memorandum. It

began this way: "During the Eisen-

'hower heart' attack period, the admin-

istration kept to the theme of business

" as usual."

Dolan's memo summarized the ap-

proach of the White House staff after

'President Eisenhower's heart attack.

HH 54952 DocId: 32989491 Page 108

"1.Officials noted in their

statements that President Eisen

had established a Cabinet style

ernment — 'the Ike team' — and had

carefully delegated authority which)

, had prepared the government for just

such an eventuality.

"2. The administration kept to pre-

viously announced schedules of gov-

emment

activities, even to trips

abroad by Cabinet officers.

"3. The first Cabinet meeting after

Ike's attack was opened with prayers

for his recovery.

"4.Then-Vice

President

Nixon

noted the incredibly heightened sensi-

tivity of the press during this period,

Even a wrong expression in a stil

photo could be widely misinterpreted

It was a time for carefully guarded

words and actions, especially for the

vice president. It was

Nixon noted, to appear neither brash

This memo could well have de-

scribed the way that the senior White

House stait - and the vice president

- behaved on the second day of

Reagan's hospitalization.

After a breakfast meeting at the

hospital, the White House "Big Three"

adjourned for their regular morning

meeting with Reagan. This meeting

was held in the barren intensive-care

unit with the three staff members

grouped around the bed.

"T've really screwed up the sched.

ule," Reagan said to Deaver, who

keeps the president's schedule in the

White House.

In-fact, every effort was made yes-

terday — as it will be the rest of the

week — to see that the Reagan sched-

we is carried out by Bush. It is what

will happen again today, when Bush

presides over a National securts

Council meeting, and again on Thurs-

day when the vice president is sched

uled to chair a full meeting of the

Cabinet.

In all these actions both Bush and

the senior staff are careful to weigh

their words, in the manner suggested

by the Eisenhower staff experience, so

that no one forms the impression that

Bush has taken over as president.

"The decisions are being made by

the president," said Meese, in words

virtually identical to those uttered by

Baker and Deaver.

In administering the interim gov.

ernment until the president's full re-

covery, White House aides are count-

ing on the enormous asset of a presi.

dential style that they perceive as

gritty and courageous.

The Reagan wisecracks in the hos-

pital bed - "Does Nancy know about

us?" the president joked to a nurse

Monday night - and his physical re-

silence have convinced his aides that

the interim withöut him will be rela.

tively short. It has to be, in the opin.

ion of his closest congressional ally:

Sen. Paul Laxalt (R-Nev.), who think

-That there's no substitute for Reagar.

When it comes to political salesman-

"Sympathy is a short-term

com-

modity on Capito! Hill," says Laxal.

"explaining why Reagan's presence will

be needed to maintain public suppor

for his economic program.

But the Nevadan predicts

the

White House staff will function

smoothly in Reagan's absence and

that Bush's performance will be ac-

ceptable to all factions. He also be-

lieves that the president has the con-

gressional schedule on his side in the

form of the Laster recess, which will

begin on April 10 and extend to April

"I would hope by that time Reagan

would be ready to go to work," Laxalt

While no one is making a predic-

tion like this at the White House, the

private expectations clearly are very

high. Reagan was scheduled to more

out of his intensive-care unit to a pri-

vate room late last night or early to-

day. Aides are talking about another

10-days-of hospitalization; and some

are even more optimistic than thai.

"The doctors are treating him a

The Washington Post _All.

Washington Star-Jew's -

Dails News (New York) -

The New York Times —

The Wall Street Journal -

The Atlana Constitutin!

The Los Angeles Times

Date

4-1-81

32

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## Page 109

they would any

50-year-old man,"

quippea Meese yesterday:

Reagan is 70 years old. He is also,

to hear his doctors and his aides tall

about it, rougher than the proverbis

boot. He was at first unaware that he

was shot, and he joked with doctors

on the operating table. When a doctor

told him it would be two months be-

fore he could work at his Santa Bar-

bara ranch. Reagan held up one fin-

ger.

The steady reporting of Reagan

one-liners

and

the meetings

at

Reagan's bed are all calculated. of

course, lu pür the best possible light

on the president's condition and to

avoid dwelling on the trauma of the

gunshot wound.

But Reagan's stylistic response to

the shooting has made the task of his

managers easier.

Even opponents of the president

have praised his grace under pressure.

Even critics of the White House staff

acknowledge that it has performed

relatively smoothly in the present cri-

sis. Even opponents of Vice President

Bush found little on which to fault

him yesterday.

Traumatic as the crisis has been,

the realities of politics lead those who

are in charge of pushing the presi.

dent's program to ask themselves i

tends to know the answer to this now

But Reagan and his aides will take

"I honestly don't know. But I doni

think the president's programs will be

33

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## Page 110

0-19 (R-5. 8-20-791

Siou

Are Unexpecte

Encouraging for Press Secretary

By ROBERT REINHOLD

Specta! to The New York Tiraes

WASHINGTON, March 31 - James S.

Brady, the White House press secretary,

who was the most gravely injured of the

four men struck in yesterday's attempt to

assassinate the President, showed signs

today of recovering unexpectedly well

from the bullet that had plerced his brain.

to die of his wound, although last night he

appeared to be near death, his doctors

told White House officials.

George Washington Hospital listed Mr.

Brady's condition this evening as "criti-

cal but improving." He was resting in a

private room of the intensive care unft on

the fourth floor near Agent McCarthy and

President Reagan. Nine other patients

His doctors said that the 40 year-old

Mr. Brady was conscious, with eyes open,

and that his pupils reacted well to light.

He obeyed commands to move his right

arm and leg and to wiggle his toes, and he

squeezed his wite's hand with his right

hand. The left side of his body did not re-

The White House issued a statement

that Mr. Brady was

"In critical but

stable" condition. "He is being observed

closely for possible complications

which he is at significant risk," the state-

spond so well, but it was not yet clear if

But while these signs were taken as en-

couraging, several neurosurgeons with

varying familiarity with Mr. Brady's

wounds expressed doubts that he would

be able to resume a job as intellectually

taxing as that of press secretary to the

President.

If he was able to return to the job, they

said, it would probably be only atter a

long recuperation. They all stressed,

Since his doctors have issued no de

tailed medical statement, the exact path

of the bullet of the extent of brain tissue

doctors

Close to tie treatment team sat, dat the

bullet had entered at an angle just above

nd slightly to the left of the left eye

assed through the frontal sinus and hur

iled into the right side of the brain.

Earlier reports said that the bullet had

however, that recovering from brain in-

juries was notoriously unpredictable and

that remarkable recoveries were not un-

known.

Mr. Brady suffered "fairly extensive"

damage to tissue in the right side of his

cipital area.

brain but only "minimal" damage to the

Whether Mr. Brady's mental capaci-

left, said Dr. Dennis S. O'Leary, dean of

les would suffer permanent change

clinical alfairs

at George Washington

could only be a matter of speculation al

University Hospital, where Mr. Brady

this point.

underwent about lour hours of surgery

"Time and observation are the best

last night.

In most people, one side of the brain—

Judges of the nature of the injuries," said

the left in Mr. Brady's case - is "domi.

Dr. Tomas in Mihorat, chier of neuro

surgery at Children's Hospital National

nant." Dominance accounts for such

Medical enter un hasningot

traits as right- and left-handedness. In

here is a remarkable degree of readjus

all people, the left side of the brain is the

primary center for many key functions,

such as speech. That his left side sus

tained only minimal damage augured

wellfor Mr. Brady.

"His response to surgery has been good

- everybody treating him is hopeful, "

said Dr Huge Rizzoli, chief of neurosur-

gery at the hospita!. Dr. Rizzoli has not

attended Mr. Brady personally; surgery

was performed by Di, Arthur 1. Kobrine.

"It is amazing how much improvement

many of these patients do exhibit over

time,

" Dr. Rizzoli said. But he said it was

too early to conjecture about Mr. Brady's

prospects for resuming his duties,

'ex-

cept that it will be a long time."

Conditions of Two Oricers

Two law enforcement officers who

were also struck in yesterday's fusillade

of bullets were reported to be in stable

condition today. Timothy J. McCarthy, a

31-year-old

Secret Service agent, Was

"doing very well" after surgery to repair

liver damage and was expected to re-

cover fully, a spokesman for the service

said. The other law officer, Thomas K.

Delshanty, a 45 year-old District of Co

lumbia police officer, was still in "seri-

ous" condition but was coherent and

"doing quite well," with a bullet still

lodged in his neck, according to a spokes-

man for the police.

Having survived the first 24 hours, Mr.

Brady was generally considered unlikely

HH

54952 DocId:32989491 Page 110

Exec AD Adm. _

Exec AD Inv..

Exec AD LES -

Asst. Dir.:

Adm. Servs.

Crim. Inv.

Ident.

Intell. —

Laboratory

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Plon. & Insp. _

Rec. Mgnt. =

Tech. Servs. -

Training -

Public Affs. Ofi.

Telephone Rm. -

Directos's Sec'y :

The Hashingsor Pres: —

Washington Sial-Vi!'s -

Dails News (New Toril.

The New York Times AT&

The Moil! Stress Journ! a

The Allania Consinai. .

The los Angilli.

Dare 4-1-81

34

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## Page 111

0-19° (Rer: 8-20-79)

Say Brady

is gaining

By FRANK VAN RIPER

Washington (News Bureau)-Doc-

tion. They said they were "encouraged"

by his progress thus far, but noted that

he remained in "guarded" condition.

Brady suffered a gunshot wound

through the brain in Monday's assassi

nation attempt and was being "observed

closely for possible complications for

which he is at significant risk," said a

medical bulletin from the George

Washington University Hospital.

Doctors said that Brady was "respon

sive and continues to move the right

side of his body in response to voice

commands...it is clear that Mr. Brads

understands voice commands, implying

retention of significant brain function.'

But the doctors would make no predic

tion about the extent of his recovery. "

"We believe he is going to live," said

Dennis

O'Leary.

George

Washington

Universit

Hospital

spokesman, "but we don't know how he

is going to end up."

, from the bullet.

LNH 54952 DocId: 32989491 Page 111

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Asst. Dir.:

Adm.Servs.com

Crim. Inv. =

Ident. -

Intell. -

Laboratory -

Legal Coun

Plon. & Insp. _

Rec. Mgnt._-

Tech. Servs. -

Training -

Public Affs. Off.

Telephone Rm. -

Director's Sec'y -

The Washingion Post —

Washington Star-Veils -

Daily News (Nen' j'ork'-

The Yell York Times.

The Will Sirrel Jours-

The Atlania Constaul: -

The Los Angeles Ture: -

Date

4-1-8/

35

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## Page 112

Exec AD Adm. -

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Prez gets grim news

ExeC AD LES →

Asst. Dir.:

Adm. Servs._

Crim. Inv. _

Ident. -

of Brady:

phasize that the functions of govern-

important matters of government to-

ment were continuing unimpaired.

day."

*The White House did not skip a

The President's recovery from the

shooting has been characterized by his

beat,". insisted Larry Speakes, deputy

trademark sense of humor.

press secretary. "The government did

Around midnight, while tubes in his

not skip a beat.

The White

By LAURENCE MCQUILLAN

and BRUCE DRAKE

Washington (News Bureau)Told

for the first time yesterday that his

press secretary and longtime friend,

James Brady,

-had been critically

wounded in the same burst of gunfire

that hit him, President Reagan replied:

"Oh, damn. Oh, damn,

," as tears welled

in his eyes.

Told, too, of the shooting of Secret

Service agent Tim McCarthy, and

Washington policeman Thomas Del&-

Brat, Reagan said: "Oh, dear. We must"

Doctors said McCarthy and Delahan-

ty have been showing continued im-

provement. But Brady, although gain-

ing, remained in extremely serious con-

dition last night.

Reagan was told by White House

physician Dr. Daniel Ruge just after

noon yesterday that Brady had been

wounded. Then, Reagan's chief of staff,

James A. Baker, told reporters that the

President asked if Brady had been hit

in the brain. Ruge said yes, and Reagan

replied, "Oh, damn. Oh, damn."

AS FOR THE President, he has

bounced back in "excellent spirits"

from an operation to remove a bullet

from his lung, peppering hospital staf:

fers and his own aides with jokes and

even signing into law-although in a

slightly wobbly hand-a bill he had

asked Congress to pass.

Reagan attended to the matter of

state when his top White House aides

Baker, counselor Edwin Meese 3d and

presidential assistant Michael Deaver-

visited him at 7:15 a.m. in George

Washington University Hospital. The

President was propped up in bed,

brushing his teeth, when they gave him

for signing a bill to block an increase

in dairy price supports. He affixed his

signature in a slightly shaky hand.

White House officials strove to em•

performed effectively. There was not a

throat prevented him from speaking..

single ripple."

O'Leary said Reagan wrote a note:.

"Winston Churchill said, "There is no

CHIEF OF STAFF Baker called a

more exhilarating feeling than being

small group of reporters to his office

shot without result.'"

to quash reports that a heated row had

ANOTHER NOTE came

broken out between Secretary of State

a.m.: "If I had this much attention in

Haig and Defense Secretary Caspar

Hollywood, I would have never left."

Weinberger over who among senior

House Speaker Thomas P. (Tip)

administration officials was in control

of the situation room Monday after-

O Neill, reporting on what the White

noon after the President was shot.

House had told him, indicated it hasn't

been all roses for the President.

"We took pains.at the senior staft

Reagan had an "uncomfortable night,"

meetings this morning to congratulate

O'Neill said, and probably will have

the cabinet and the staff for what we

more uncomfortable times ahead.

think was pretty good teamwork during

But when longtime aide Lyn Nof.

this thing," Baker said.

ger visited and told Reagan that I

David Gergen, a Baker aide, added,

ould be "happy to know that th

"I was there (in the situation room),

him,

O'Leary

reported

and there was no big light between

¡eagan's response to be: "What make

Weinberger and Haig."

you think I'd be happy about that?'

Dr. Dennis O'Leary, dean for clinical

affairs. at George Washington Universi-

ty Hospital, said that Reagan was in

"excellent spirits," that his vital signs

were normal and that he required

almost no drugs to kill pain or for

other reasons. A medical bülletin is.

sued later in the day repeated that

Reagan was "on the road to recovery."

A WHITE HOUSE official said that

Reagan would have to remain in the

hospital about 10 days and that fuller

recovery would take three

weeks.

O'Leary said it would be "probably a

couple of months until he is totally

back to riding horses.".

"He's obviously able to function

"right now in terms of his thought

processes, capacity to make decisions

and so forth," O'Leary said. "I wouldn'

encourage him to put in an 18-hou

lay, but I am sure he can attend to the

The Washington Post -

Washington Star-New's -

Daily News (New York).

2

The New York Times -

The Wall Street Journal

The Atlanta Consiituikvi

The Los Angeles Tire-

Date -

4-181

36

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• *•

MISCELLANEOUS

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11100118.5029-7511

By T.R. Reidi

Secret Service ofticials said yester-

clay that agents guarding President

Reagan tollussed prescribed procedures

1u the letter at the Washington Hilton

Hutel Munday, but the agency is

Truking into whether

the president's

waiting

limousine may have

been

parked too las from the door.

When Reagani came out of the Hil-

ton Monday,

the bulletproof presi

dential limousine was not waiting di-

rectly in front of the hotel exit, as

Secret Service practice usually re-

It it had boon, Reagan would have

had a straight-line walk of about eight

feel from door & car. Instead, he had

to walk diagonally down the sidewalk

about 25 feet, bringing him around a

curve and into the line of fire of ac-

cused assailant Juhn W. Hinckley Jr.

There was no clear answer yester-

day why the car was not immediately

outside the dexr or whether events

would have happened dierently if it

As the FBI. D.C. Police and Secret

began investigations of the

assaisination attempt. those questions

seemed likely focal points, as were two

other queries:

• Why didn't the Secret Service

have any warning about Hinckley and

his previous firearms record?

initial answer

Hinckley's artest fur carrying three

concealed handguns last October was

not the kind of charge that triggers

Secret Service attention.

• How did Hinckley manage lu get

into the prei dea suride the Hilwn

about 10 feel frum the president? A

secret Service official said the ad

lialit agent on the scene concluded

thar is wouis le counterproductive to

set up an area restricted only to the

press un the narrow, curving walk out-

side the hotel.

The basic dilemma pused by the

hooting, security officials said, is th

mpossibility of providing total protec

tion for anyone in a public place in a

free countr:

One Secret Service agent recalled a

comment attributed by author Jim

Bisliup to the late President John F.

Kennedy: "No amount of protection is

enough. All a man needs is a willing-

ness to trade his life for mine."

Secre: Service Cho king

Limousine Position

Exec AD Adm. =-

Exec AD Inv. -

Exec AD LES

Asst. Dir.:

Adm. Servs...

And, although the Secret Service

keeps computerized records on about

20,000 people who have come to its

attention as pitential threats to a

president, the list cannot be compleie.

None of the six people involved in

since 1963 was ever on the list.

If a president can be protected any-

where, security officers said, it would

be at a major hotel in Washington

where Secret Service and police ofti-

cers are on familiar turf.

hat is particularly wue at th

vashungton tilton, the hotel probabi

by presidents

speeches and dinners. Reagan was

shot as he came out of an unmarked

security exit the hotel had installed,

with Secret Service guidance, to pro-

vide safe passage for presidents and

other VIPs.

Given the dimensions of the prob-

lem, Secret. Service officials said yes.

terday that the agents with Reagu

had done everything possible. "After

viewing the vide

tapes," ajency

spokesman Jack Warner said,

believe the presidential proiection wa

as effective as it could pussibly be.

These

bullet." Buys were competing with a

Secret Service agents not on the

Reagan detail pointed out that those

at the Hilton did exactly what train-

ing manuals prescribe.

One agent, Timothy J. McCarthy,

turned in the direction of the shots

and took a bullet aimed toward the

president in his chest. The chief of

the Reagan detail, Jerry Part, grabbed

the president and threw him into the

"This is rule No. 1 when something

An pease route Cat thamed, out of

senerally, agents want the armore

imousine waiting in a direct line witl

the president's exit door as he moves

On Monday, though, Reagan's lim-

ousine was waiting about 20 to 25

feet down the driveway from the door.

To reach the car, Reagan had to walk

down the curving sidewalk. Around

in. & Insp

the curve, flush against the hotel wall, :. Mgnt. -

the assailant waited with his pistol.

h. Servs. -.

Asked about this yesterday, Secret

Service spokesman Richard Hartwig ic Alfs. Ol.

noted that it the limousine had been

waiting in the narrow driveway direct-

phone Rm. -

ly outside the security exit, it would

necessarily have been heading down-

hill, or east, to drive out of the hotel

complex to T Street.

Instead, the car was facing west,

uphill toward Connecticut

Because uf a traftic island that blucks

access to T Street just in front of the

security door, & westbound car would

have to wait two car lengths below the

door to pull directly onto T Street.

Otherwise, the car would have to cir-

cle through the hotel's tront ariveway

before reaching the street.

Hartwig speculated that the car was

facing west below the security door so

Reagan could enter by the right rear

door, which the service considers the

the safest "VIP position" because it

provides a direct sight line for agents

riding immediately behind in a motor-

But Hartwig said the question must

be considered more fully.

The Secret Service's ignorance

bout Hinckley and his trearm

ecord resulted from what Hartw

called "a judgment call, not clear one

way or the other."

The Washingior. Posi -

AlL

Washington Star-Nows.

Daily ders ran Yorks

The Jew Sort: Tine;-

The dall Siree: a sure!

The dilante Consideri

Dutt

4-1-81

Such positioning shortens the peri.

od of vulnerability and makes it easier

for agents to form a human shield as

the public figure moves. In some

cases, agents have had the car moved

one font or less to have it perfectly

aligned with the exit.

3

7

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## Page 115

"We understand that he was ar

rested at an airport (in Nashville) wit.

concealed handguns," Hartwig said.

"That in itself was not enough to noti-

fy the Secret Service. Now, the fact

that the president (Jimmy Carter] was

in that city on the same day, appar-

entl nobadly made the connection."

Hartwig said it is not clear whether

Carter's presence would have made

the incident something the Secret Ser-

vire should have been told about.

Television crew membors at the

Hilton said they had complained to

the Secret Service about bystanders

pushing into the area reserved for the

press. One bystander, as it turned out,

was the accused gunman.

A Secret Service official said the

previ area nutside the hutel was not a

"dedicated press area" — that is, not

an area with access restricted to those

with press credentials.

The official said the agent who set

up the area before Reagan's arrival

decided that a restricted press area

would compound security problems. It

wour force onlookers, he said. to

spread our along the curving walk.

perliaps to the other side of the drive.

wey, making protecion mort difticuli.

Position where

limousine would

have been closest

to exit

Security

Entrance

Washington

Hilton Hotel

President

Reagan

shot entering

limousine

John W. Hinckley, Jr.

• Actual location

of limousine

1. Thomas K. Delehanty

D:C. Policeman

2. Timothy J: McCarthy

Secret Service Agent

3. James Brady

Press Secreiary

Press Barrier

By Oell MrCior; for The Mashingiort.

HH 54952

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## Page 116

0-19.(Rev. 8-20-79)

Amid ne Darkest Moments,

a Leaven of Presidential Wit

Exec AD Adm.

Exec AD Inv. =

ExeC AD LES _

Asst. Dir.:

Adm. Servs..

Crim. Inv..

Ident. -

Intell.

Laboratory -

Legal Coun

Plon. & Insp: -

Rec. Mgnt.=

Tech. Servs. _

Training -

Public Affs. Off. -

Telephone Rm. -

Director's Sec'y -

By B. DRUMMOND AYRES Jr.

Special to The New York Times

WASHINGTON, March 31 - When

President Reagan awoke this morning

an aide reported to him,

"You'll be

happy to know that the Government is

running normally."

"What makes you think I'd be happy

about that?" the President shot back.

When it comes to the one-liner, Ron-

ald Reagan can trade with the best. Be-

fore yesterday, the cynics had said that

the President's mastery of that partic-

ular form of humor was to be expected

from an old Hollywood actor, that it

was staged and practiced. But there

was no staging what happened on the

street outside the Washington Hilton

and no time to practice the stream of

one-liners that followed.

No sooner did Mr.

Reagan alight

from his limousine at George Washing-

ton Hospital than the quips began, most

of them duly passed on to reporters by

. still chuckling family members, aides

• and medical personnel.

They were good medicine, leavening

the crisis, bouying an anxious nation

and showing the wounded leader to be a

man of genuine good humor and sunny

disposition.

"I forgot-to duck," -he-explained to

Mrs. Reagan.

"I hope you're all Republicans," he

said to his surgeons.

A Remembrance of W.C. Fields

For a while, it seemed that the anes-

thesia and the breathing tubes in his

throat would shut off the quips. But as

ation, and is particularly effective in

deflecting criticism about his age. In a

recent speech to the Washington Press

Club, he drew a long laugh when he

said,

"I know your organization was

founded by six Washington newspaper.

women in 1919 - it seems like only yes

terday.

The timing for the punch line was ex-

quisite. If it reflected Mr. Reagan's

training as an actor, it also reflected

his 20 years of speech-making on the

rubber-chicken circuit.

Uses Wit to Deflect Questions

ne President also uses the sel

deprecatory one-liner

• turn awa

tough questions at news conferences.

he paused for a

then replied,

"How can you say that

about a sweet fellow like me?'

But when the laughter died, he re.

turned to his questioner, addressed her

tional, disarming

age Reagan, an almost classic mix

ure of his humor, folksiness and unfail

ing politeness.

He can, of course, raise his voice anc

become angry. But not often and not for

long.

ast fall, in his debate with Presider

Carter in

Cleveland,

is eyes tel

graphed anger and annoyance at some

of Mr. Carter's assertions, but his voice

The Washingion Post —

Washington Star-Yew's —

Daily New's (New York) -

The lew J'ork Times _A-D.

The Wall Street Journ 1! —

The Allana Constitute

The Los Ang ira Tiss.

Dalo

4-1-81

39

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(+15 185605-20-791

Exee AD Adm. -

Exec AD Inv.

Secret Service Orders

Exec AD LES --

Asst. Dir.:

Adm. Servs..

Security Breakdown

Crim. Inv.

At Hilton Targeted

Internal Investigation

Ident. -

Intell. -

Laboratory

By Thomas Crosby

Legal Coun.

and Bob Gettlin

The reporis of a possible lapse in

Plan. & Insp.=

When the president came out of

security at the hotel come a day after

the hotel Monday he faced a scene

Rec. Mgnt. _

At least two eyewitnesses to Mon: the Secret Service confirmed that it

that included a crowd of members

day's shooting of President Reagan had never been told by the FBI that

Tech. Servs. -

at the Washingion Hilton Hotel said

of the public - including Hinckley

Hinckley had been arrested

Training -

- pushing into the area set aside for

that John Warnock Hinckley Jr. was Nashville, Tenn. airport Oct. 9 when

the press to catch a glimpse of Rea.

Public Afts. Off.

acting in an erratic, boisterous man. he tried to board an airplane with

Telephone RT.. --

three handguns.

Hinckles had apparently begun

Shortly before the president emerg.

Director's Secy.

President Jimmy Carter was in

ed from the hotel.

acting in boisterous manner when

town on a campaign stop at the time

members of the press congregated in

But Hinckley. 25, Who is being of the arrest. Candidate Reagan had

the driveway under the hotel's con-

held without bail in the shooting of

been due to visit Nashville two days

Reagan and three others in his en- earlier but canceled the appearance

crete canopy prior to Reagan's exit.

"I think it was he mouthing off in

tourage, was allowed to mix freely at the last moment.

with the press and other members

the crowd," said Walter Rodgers, an.

The FBI has confirmed that it was

Associated Press radio reporter, who

of the public as they waited to catch

told of Hinckley's arrest.

added the voice said, "You ough! to

a glimpse of the president.

spokesman said last night, "I don't

get here on time" to reporters and

John W. Warner, public informa-

know why we would turn the infor-

"They can do anything

tion officer for the Secret Service,

mation over to the Secret Service. He they want."

said the agency has launched an in-

ternal investigation into Monday's

was being prosecuted by local au-

"They often get in." said Rodgers

of members of the public who infilt.

events. in part to check out the re.

"We never received any informa.

rate areas set aside for the press in

ports of some of the eyewitnesses.

tion that he had been arrested," said

Warner acknowledged that if the

Warner. Warner added that Hinc-

their zeal to see the president. "They

often get in our way," he said.

eyewitness accounts prove accurate.

kley's name was not on a list of 400

About five or six minutes before

there was a criticai breakdown in se.

persons considered most likely to at-

Reagan emerged from the hotel's

"He siond ou; like a sore thumb."

tempt an assassination. He aiso was

ViP entrance, Dodson, who saw the

not among 25,000 names of people

entire incident from his seventh.

said John M. Dodson. a.computer op.

considered to pose a lesser threat to

floor office in the Universal Build.

erator ip a high-fist building across

the president, Warner said.

ing across from the hotel.

the street from the Washingion Hil

Warren Commission,

Hinckley "was very fidgety. Maybe it

"Tourists can get excited be.

paneled to probe the assassination of

was just-me, but l thought he didn't

they're going

to see the,

President John F. Kennedy in 1963.

president. but they don't look ner.

concluded that the FBl withheld

Dodson said Hinckley was "pacing

vous, and the press just acts casual

from the Secret Service information

back and forth

... walking from

because it's just another job to

indicating that assassin Lee Harvey

side to side. looking around like he

Oswald may have posed a threat to

was real nervous." He was wearing

Rocky D. Kuonen. a press advance

a tan jacket and had his hands in the

man for the White House. said yes.

The commission was critical of se.

"But he didn't look like he

terday that a tighter pohcy would be

curity arrangements for Kennedy's

belonged in that crowd, that's all

established for presidential appear-

motorcade and noted that a Secret

there is to it."

ances to set aside areas for the press

that would exclude the public.

Service official said if the agency

The Hashing:on Post -

had received the information about

Washington Star-lei's =

A-10

"During the presidential

Oswald from the FBI, the Secret Ser-

paign, a special area was set aside for

Dails Now's (New York -

the press and the public could not

vice would have included him on a

The New York Tus -

like to return to that situation. Er.

In addition, two years ago H. Stu-

The Hall Street desires.

erybody wants it"

art Knight, director of the Secret Ser-

The Allania Constitute -

vice. told the House Assassinations

In addition. two days before the

committee that his agency was ham-

The lo Ange in Tin.

shootings. the White House was con-

pered bj the wave of restrictions put

cerned with the president's security.

into effect after disclosure of FBI

Kuonen said that when Reagan at

abuse of domestic intelligence gath.

tended the annual Gridiron Club

y-1-81

dinner Saturday night. "There were

Warner said that people included

a lot of people behind ropes but no on its lists of potential threats to the

area set aside for the press." The

president often have psychological

press aide said he discussed this

problems and a history of puchasing

with the Secret Service at the time.

"Because he's so popular people

Ironically, Hinckley has under-

come up to him with little cameras

gone psychiatric care and has the ar

and flash cubes," said Kuonen.

rest record involving guns at the

much is done to restrain them."

Nashville airport.

FRIED.

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## Page 118

-

When he first saw Hinckley. Dod.

son said he thought. "Maybe I should

have made a phone call, but I saw

all the cops out there and figured

hef had it under control. a sit her

nd think i could have prevented 1

it I had thought and acted fast

nough. He looked like a kook bu

hen I thought. Hey, there's enough

cops down there to take care of

him.

fore Reagan came out but the Secret

Service did not restrict the crowd.

"More than half of the people were

not press people," said Brown, who

added that prior presidential visits

to the Hilton "were never like that"

An eyewitness, Michael D. Kad-

• Jecle. the assistant city manager of

Davenport, Jowa, said: "I was stand.

ing more ur less right behind the

uy who shot the president... a lit

le less than arm's length.'

Although there was a rope, Kad.

- leCIK - sald,

"I

didn't

see

"it." He

described the ability of people to get

near the president as "unrestricied.

Nobody told-us to move. There was

no-security check-that I-know of

"I saw an arm going up," said Kad.

lecik, thrusting his hand straigh:

out as if holding a gun,

"and then

bang, bang. coug. ..I could see the

smoke'from his gun. I was stunned.

It happened so quickly.

Also contributing to this story were

Star staff writers Joan Lowy and

Jane Puskas.

HH 54952

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Exec AD Adm. -

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Exec AD Iny. -

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Asst. Dir.:

Adm. Servs.

Crim. Inv.

Ident. -

Intell.

Laboratory

--= Foun.

For essassins, 22 is a '10'

Insp.

int.

•ervs.

Cheapness, size make it a criminal favorite

9 =

ffs. Off. -

le Rm.

it is not designed to merely stop a criminal in his tracks.

's Sec'y -

By JERRY SCHMETTERER and STUART MARQUES

But the gun is deadly because the velocity of its bullets is

extremely high-greater even than a .38.

The small, inexpensive .22 caliber revolver-the kind

used to

shoot President Reagan-is "an

assassin's

weapon" that has become increasingly popular with

street criminals and mob hitmen.

"It's an assassin's weapon because it's small and light

and has no recoil," says Police Department ballistics

expert Edward McPhillips. "If you want to take someone

out in an alley, the .22 is the right weapon."

New York City police say 20% of the more than 10,000

guns confiscated last year were .22s, and officials say the

small gun is the

"most commonly used weapon in

felonies," because it's "easy to conceal and relatively

"YOU WOULDN'T WANT to trust your life to a .22;

it's just not a defensive weapon," McPhillips says.

The .22's weak "stopping power" was evident when

Reagan was able to walk into George Washington Univer-

sity Hospital even though he had been hit. Experts said a

bullet from a more powerful gun would have shattered

one of Reagan's ribs, rather than ricocheted off it.

Police said .22s are turning up more and more in street

robberies, "mob hits" and random murders, though there

are no figures on how many people were killed with the

weapon in New York. Since 1975, more than 30 mobsters,

including several informers, have been killed with .22.

caliber revolvers across the country.

Gun shop owners say the cheapest model .22 starts at

about $45. The gun, popular with target shooters, is a .

semi-automatic capable of up to nine shots.

Most are made abroad and shipped into the country in

parts to circumvent import laws. They are assembled in

various states where gun laws are lax, chiefly in Florida

and Georgia. The gun used to shoot Reagan reportedly

was assembled by RG Industries in Florida from parts®

made by its parent company, Roehm, in Germany.

Cops don't use the gun as an off-duty weapon because

Four black men were killed with .22s in a what may

have been a racially motivated series of murders in

Buffalo recently. Local police have dubbed the gunman

the ".22-caliber killer."

Cops say. that the Purple Gang, an East Harlem-based

'group of enforcers for the Genovese crime family, once

bought.49.of.the guns.in Florida.Some of-those-weapons

were used in the murders of New Jersey mobsters John

(Coca Cola) Lardiere, Vincent Capone, Frank Chin and

Thomas Palermo.

The Washington Pos: _

Washington Star-Jew's -

Daily News (New Yorks 25

The New York Times -

The Wall Street Anural

The Arlanta Consti: uis:

The Los Angelos Tina

Date.

4-1-81

42

FE. 55-

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## Page 120

0-19 (Rex. 8-20-791

Draw a bead

on security

By JOSEPH VOLZ

Washington (News Bureau)-Secret Service offi-

movements and are uncomfortable.

principal means of

cials have launched an investigation to find out why

heading off such would-be gunmen--the "protective

John Warnock Hinckley Jr., the man accused of

trying to kill President Reagan, was able to sneak by

intelligence file"-also failed Monday. The file is

police and Secret Service agents and get within a few

kept by the service in cooperation with the FBI and

feet of the chief executive.

concerns itself with would-be assassins, mental cases,

The Washington Metropolitan Police also began

persons who have sent threatening messages to the

their own probe of the events surrounding the

White House and others who might be considered a

shooting yesterday afternoon outside the Washington.

danger to the President.

But neither the Secret Service file here nor the

Some critics complain that the Secret Service has

more extensive FBI files contained any information

been notably lax in the past in keeping crowds back

on Hinckley, even though he had been arrested last

away from the President when he makes

Oct. 9 in Nashville for carrying three pistols and 50

scheduled visits in and around Washington. On the

rounds of ammunition on a plane on the same day

road, however, it is another matter: Secret Service, President Carter was in the city. Hinckley forfeited a

agents are often more stringent in booting crowds off

$62 bond in the case, Nashville authorities said.

sidewalks and approaches to the presidential route.

The official explanation for that slip-up was that

An ABC-TV news cameraman, Henry Brown, who'

there are so many people threatening presidents of

was working at the scene.

carrying guns illegally, and there are so few Secret

said he saw non-press

Service agents it is impossible to watch them all.

persons "penetrating the press area" earlier and had

complained to Secret Service agents. Apparently, the

agents on duty brushed off his complaints.

service insisted yesterday that the area had not been

roped off exclusively for press.

The service's position always has been that a

President determines what-kind of security he wants.

Ideally, the Secret Service would have preferred it if

Reagan's limousine had been brought into the hotel's

underground garage. In this way, the President could

have entered it almost unobserved-and, of course,

without meeting the friendly crowds that are a

politician's bread and butter.

Washington's deputy police chief, Robert Klotz, a

veteran of operations planning of the local depart.

ment, said that the scene at the hotel Monday-when

the public is told that the President will be at a

specific place at a certain time-is about the most

dangerous security situation that can arise. A gun-

man.can plan his attack. (D.C. Police found a detailed

Reagan itinerary, clipped from a local paper, in

Hinckley's Washington hotel room yesterday.)

Hotels seem to be particularly dangerous because

the Secret Service generally makes little effort to

hustle the President out back doors.

President Reagan was not wearing a bullet-proof

vest yesterday, an option the Secret Service suggests

to chief executives. President Ford, who was the

Date

target of two assassination attempts within one

17-day span in September 1975, wore the vest on

occasion, but found it confining and discarded it

Secret Service agents themselves are issued bullet-

proof vests to wear under their clothes, if they

choose. But many, like agent Timothy J.McCarthy,

who was severely wounded by the gunman Monday,

choose not to wear the vests because they restrict

Exec AD Adm. -

Exee AD Inv.

ExeC AD LES -

Asst. Dit.:

Adm. Servs.-

Crim. Inv.

Ident..

Intell.

Laboratary.

Legal Coun. _

Plan. &Insp._

Rec. Mgnt._

Tech. Servs.-

Training -

Public Alfs. O11.

Telephone Rm...

Direcior's Secy -

The Washingion Post =

Washington Star-New's -

Daily News (Ver Sork 2.

The New York Times -

The Had! Street Journa! _

The Atlanta Constitution -

The Los Angeles Times

4-1-81

43

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-

Secret Service a Tight-Knit Group •

They do. Even in the happiest of

lot, day and night. Their wives never

• By David Shribman

Washingion Star Stall Writer

The Secret Service is more than a

fraternity, it is a full-fledged college,

complete with alumni committees.

And so, when an incident thrusts

it into the public eye, even retired

members feel the shock waves. It has

almost always been that way.

"Every agent of the Secret Service,

no matter where he was Monday,

feels he was there," said a quarter-

century veteran of the service, now

retired.

"We all have pretty much

the same reaction - a feeling of ab-

ject frustration

and personal loss,

even if no one was killed. It's like a

family."

And though ine president's life

was spared in Monday's attack, a sad,

somber mood pervades the service.

The question lingers in Secret Ser-

vice headquarters at 1900 G Street

Ni and wherever people gather to

discuss the horrifying news of the

day that perhaps someone, some-

where could have-done something.

anything, to prevent what happened

outside the Washington Hilton. The

Secret Service, which is charged

with protecting the life of the presi.

dent, is conducting an internal in-

vestigation to try to answer that

question, but it may never be an-

swered fully. It perhaps will never

fully go away, either.

"Everybody involved feels what

happened yesterday"

the retired

agent said. "It's not water off your

back. You feel it."

times, Secret Service agents are not

Know where they are. They're good

known as the most gregarious of fed-

looking - attractive as hell - and the

eral employees; they pass their work

girls like to make passes at them.

days with an almost self-conscious

Said another source: "They're all

• sobriety. This week, after the un-

thinkable has almost come to pass

looking. It's.as if that's a prerequi-

they are depressed - and relieved

site. You almost have the idea that

that it wasn't worse.

they look for good-looking people to

"It's a mixture of frustration and

protect these important men.

Exec AD Adm. -

Exec AD Inv.

ExeC AD LES

Asst. Dir.:

Adm. Servs..

Crim. Inv.

Ident. =

Intell. -

Laboratory

Legal Coun.

Plan. & Insp. -

Rec. Mgnt.

Tech. Servs. -

Training -

Public Afts. Olf.

Telephone Rm. -

Direcior's Secy

a good feeling about the responsive-

Special agents average about 36

ness of our agents." said John W.

years of age and have an average of

Warner Jr., assistant to the director

about nine years of service; agents

of the service.

"But our people are

are assigned to protective.duty only

professionals. We don't lose a step."

aiter live years of service in the

Even before Monday's incident,

field. The attrition rate among the

Rep. Edward R. Roybal, a California

1,150 agents is ion' (only 3.5 percent).

Democrat who is chairman of an ap

A personality profile is harder to

propriations subcommittee on the

come by, but agents generally are in

Treasury, was concerned about re-

top physical condition and clean-cut

ports of low morale within the Secret

in a macho preppy sort of way - "the

Service. He scheduled hearings for

kind of guy's,"

as one source put it,

tomorrow and April 8 to inquire

"who have a lot of hair on their

about, among other matters, Secret

Service morale issues.

And yet many are possessed of a

"The morale in the service is not

rigid, almost military mien, and as

at its highest," he said, "and this has

a group they are widely regarded'as

got to be a big blow."

having a dictatorial bearing. Report-

Sources close to the Secret Service

ers almost uniformly describe their

attribute much of the morale prob-

relationships with agents as "bos.

lem to the burden of protection that

The Secret Service underwent its

brings such people as children of

former presidents under age 16 and

greatest burst of growth after the as.

sassination of President John

wives of former president under the

Kennedy in Dallas nearly two dec

service's protective umbrella, and 1o

the rigors of travel during the pres.

ades ago. Since then, the old image

idential campaign season just past.

of the easy•going Secret Serviceman

has faded, replaced by agents with

"The divorce rate is probably the

a different operating style - Vier.

highest in any agency in govern•

nam veterans, many of them, with

ment." said one Capitol Hill source.

an eye for three-piece suits, expen-

"These guys are away from home a

sive hair styling and fancy weapons.

The Hashingion Pust -

Washingtor. Star-Saws A-TO

Daily Naus New Sork'.

The New sork Tinies a

• The Will street dar

The Allen Cordinal tons.

Daid -

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## Page 122

0-19 (kEs: 8-20-791

3 Committees Investigating

Conduct of Security Services

By RICHARD D. LYONS

Special to The New York Times

WASHINGTON, March 31 — Three | was correct, and it turned out not to be,"

Congressional committees and the Secret

Mr. Warner said.

Service opened investigations today into

n another point, Mr. Warner o

the conduct of the Federal security forces

ribed Mr. Hinckley's previous arre

in yesterday's attempt on the life of

in Nashville in October, as a "routine ar-

President Reagan.

rest."

"There is no question that there was a

breakdown in security,

and the public

3 Pistols Found in Hls Suitcase

needs to know why," said Representative

At that time Mr. Hinckley was arrester

Edward R. Roybal, Democrat of Califor-

at the airport after three pistols and 51

nia, who will be chairman of a Congres-

rounds of ammunition were found in his

sional hearing on Thursday into yester-

suitcase. President Carter was in Nash-

day's conducts of the Secret Service and

ville making a campaign speech the same

other Federal security agencies.

day.

Mr. Roybal said he wanted answers to

Mr. Hinckley posted a $62 bond but did

such questions as these:

not show up for a court appearance anc

gWhy was John we Hinckley Jr., the

forfeited his bond.

accused attacker, allowed into the area

near the special hotel exit? The area was

designed by the architects particularly to

provide special security for Presidents

and other distinguished visitors.

9Why was Mr. Hinckley's name not en-

tered in the Secret Service computer that

contains the names of 25,000 potential as

sassins?

Why was not Mr. Hinckley's presence

ederal Bureau of investigation har

mown of the Nashville arrest but had noi

told the Secret Service.

Police officials in the District of Colum

bia said that the detail assigned to the

in the Washington ares known to the au:

thorities?

Why did the Secret Service insist that

five shots had been fired, not six?

force, who was normally attached to the

Warner Concedes Mistakes

canine patrol in the city's parks. Officer

John W. Warner Jr., spokesman for the

Delahanty was wounded.

Secret Service, conceded that mistakes

had been made by agents of the service.

Exec AD Adm. -

Exec AD Inv. -

Exec AD LES

Asst. Dis.:

Adm. Servs.

Crim. Inv.

Ident.

Intell..

• Laboratory

Legal Coun.

Plan. & Insp. -

Rec. Mgnt.

Tech. Servs.

Training:

Public Alts. Off.

Telephone Rm. -

Director's Sec'y -

The Washington Post -

Washington Star-Yew's -

Daily News (New Jork)

The New Sork Times A-*l

The Wall Street Journal

The Allanta Constitution

The Los Angeles Times

Date.

4/1/81

45

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## Page 123

Subcommittee on Treasury, Postal Serv.

The Secret Service is an arm of the Treas

nin S. Rosenthal, Democrat of Queen

ice and General Government of the Sen-

ury Department.

aid he had ordered a private inquiry b

ate Appropriations Committee.

Mr. Roybal said he was also interested

staff members that might in turn lead to

'"It's a start we have to make," said

in a question that had arisen concerning

public hearings.

•Senator James Abdnor,

Republican of

low morale among Secret Service agents.

Mr. Warner said the Office of Inspec-

South Dakora, who is chairman of the

subcommittee.

He noted in passing that appropriations

tion of the Secret Service would conduct

for the Secret Service had risen rapidly in

the investigation there.

This committee conducted hearings on

recent years. The service was given $157

the conduct of the Secret Service six

million this fiscal year, ending Oct. 1, and

Inquiry Called 'Routine'

years ago, after an assassination attempt

had asked for $20 million more for the fis-

"This is done as a review and investi-

against President Ford in San Francisco.

Representative Roybal is chairman of

he Subcommittee on Treasury, Postal conduct an investigation is the Subcom-

Service and General Government of the

Mr. Warner said Mr. Knight and other

high officials of the Secret Service "have

been very proud of the manner in which

our agents reacted to the assassination

attempt."

He said that Timothy J. McCarthy, the

Secret Service agent who was seriously

wounded yesterday,

"jumped into the

line of fire and appeared to have stopped

a bullet headed for the President."

Mr. Warner said the question of se

curity was one less of available funds and

staff than the larger issue of "how re-

strictive should the Secret Service be of

providing access to the President by the

public and the press."

"We're

operating in a democrac

where the public wants to see its Presi

dent, and the President wants to see the

I public, " he added.

46

HH 54952

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## Page 124

he nт1-9-2979

Ex-Agent Says Guards

Are Paid to Be a Shield

COLUMBUS,

Se Presen a se a tor guns dine

a shield."

dent goes out in public,

HH 54952

-DocId: 32989491

Pare 124

Exec AD Adm.=

Exec AD Inv. -

Exec AD LES --

Asst. Dir.:

Adm.Servs.===

Crim. Inv.

Ident. -

Insell. -

Laboratory.

Legal Coun. _

Plan. & Insp. =-

Rec. Mgni. ===

Tech. Servs. =-

Training --

Public Affs. 01:

Telephone Rr.. .

Directo:'s Ser'y

The Washingion Pia: =

Washingior Sta-Jess

Daily Vers Mes dork:

The Vis Jack Tinos A-7.0

This ailan Constini

Te lon legale Tires -

Haic

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## Page 125

Researchers Trace Key Factors

in Profiles of Assassins

on the American Scene

Exec AD Adm. __

Exec AD Inv. -

Exec AD LES -

Asst. Dir.:

Adm. Servs..

Crim. Inv.

Ident.

Intell.

Laboratory

Legal Coun. _

Plan. & Insp._

Rec. Mgns.

ann ---

Tech. Servs._

Training —

Public Alls. Off.

Telephone Rm....

Disecto's Sec'y.

By JANE E. BRODY

A national emphasis on civil liberties

for the mentally ill, the lack of cultural

restraints upon expressions of hostility

and the ready availability of pistols are

combining to make assassination an in-

creasingly common American event, ac-

cording to psychiatrists who have exam-:

ined the problem.

Assassination and assassination at-

tempts are more common here than in

any other country, experts on violence

maintain. In fact,

assassination is the l

leading cause of death of American Presi. 1

dents in office:

Unlike other countries, where assassi-

nations of heads of state are carried out

either by politicat fanatics or in the

course of a military coup, in this country

nearly all assassins have been personal-

ly, not politically, motivated.

"Here, assassination is often the prod.

uct of a single mentally disturbed person

who is alienated from_society, who feels

like a zero, is wanted by no one and can't

get a job," said Dr. Zigmond Lebensohn,

& Washington psychiatrist. "We used to

lock such people up, but our current legal

attitude permits them all to wander

Dr. Shervert Frazier, psychiatrist in,

chief at McLean Hospital in Belmont,

"In this democracy, you can get away

with a lot of things. Unlike the English,

there is no cultural restraint against ex-

, pressions of hostile feelings in public. Nor

do we have much moral restraint in our

society right now; people can do and do

do anything they want to. Also, there are

& lot of handguns around — one for every

Dr. Frazier is one of 27 experts prepar-

ing a report on the prediction of violent

behavior for the National Academy of

Sciences at the request of the Secret Serv-!

ice. The group held a three-day meeting

Except in the case of the two Puerto!

Rican nationalists who tried to kill Presi-

dent Truman in 1950, psychiatric studies

of the backgrounds and motivations of as-

sassins of American Presidents and simi-

lar authority figures have shown that

nearly all were mentally unstable, alien-

ated persons who were failures in their

own eyes. By killing a powerful and re-

spected person, such as the President,

they sought personal aggrandizement -

status and fame — the analyses suggest. |

Though some assassins professed af-

filiation with a particular political view:

point, the groups they identified with did

not regard them as representatives. In

fact, the assassins were often rejected by

their chosen group or had ended their af

filiation with the group because of phila

sophical or tactical disagreements.

Background of Suspect

ohn W. Hinckley Jr., the 25-year-ol

on of a Denver oil comoany executiv

who has been charged with the attempt

Monday on President Reagan's life, hac

ither left or been expelled from the Na

Nazi group; because Mr. Hinckley felt the

group was not militant enough.

Mr. Hinckley has been described as a

antter with a history of psychiatric prob

lems. He had attended college off and or

over a six-year period but had not com-

pleted his education. Nor did he have a

job. His older brother, Scott, is a vice

president of the Vanderbilt Energy Cor-

poration, of which their father is chair.

man and president.

The suspect's profile fits the pattern of

America's assassins have almost a

ays been younger children in their fam

lies, and in most cases they have had

older brothers," Dr. Harris wrote in Psy-

The list includes John Wilkes Booth,

who killed President

Julius Gulteau, President Garfield's as.

sassin; Leon Czolgosz, who shot Presi-

dent McKinley; Lee Harvey Oswald, who

killed President Kennedy; Sirhan B. Sir-

han, who killed Senator Robert F. Ken-

nedy in the course of his campaign for the

Presidential nomination, and Arthur H.

who shot Gov: George C. Wal-

"Their one down family position pre

disposes them to rebel against authority

and tradition,

to resent their unequal

status, and to wish to gain status by com-

Harris said of the assassins.

• feelings find no constructive outlet, then

& shortcut to lame may seem reason-

able."

The Washingion Pori —

Washingson Star-Now's -

Dails New's (den York).

The dew Lori Timos_A-26

The Hall Sired our! -

The Atlanta Conduit.

The Lo- Angela Tires

4/1/81

48

Hi 54952 Doold: 32989491

-125

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## Page 126

-

Dr. Harris has isolated two character-

that he believes characterize

self-image that commands attention and

respect.

Judge and Executioner

ah a chan die in i can:

sin is the route chosen. Rather getting

society to conter the new identity, the as

served that American assassins were un-

=

vate solution in a massive assault on the

head of the Republic."

Other psychiatrists have emphasized

the schizophrenic personalities of Ameri-

can assassins. According to the late Dr.

Donald Hastings, who was director of

psychiatry at the University of Minneso

ta,

most assassins were of the

"para-

noid"' type who had lost contact with rea-

ity, harbored delusions of persecution

and grandeur and had a strong hatred of

authority.

latred of a powertul rather beto:

hom a boy is helpless can become

murderous

loathing,"

Dr.

Hastings

wrote. "In later years, the father is sym-

bolized by figures

With the exception of John Wilkes Booth

all the assassins. were 'little people,'"

family of actors more successful than he.

As Dr. John K. Lattimer of Columbia-

new book,

as having a

Aside from the ready availability of

suggesting that a more restrictive. cul

HH 54952

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## Page 127

1H19 (er: 8-20-791

Secret Service Opens

Inquiry on Attempt

To Kill the President

Mr. Johns and Mr. Steed said the Presi-

dent is most vulnerable to attack when en- 1

tering or leaving hotels and at times when it

is publicly known that he will be in the open

at a specific place. Mr. Reagan,

like his

predecessors, habitually pumps the hands of

hundreds of onlookers on such occasions.

Agents are trained to spot an odd facial

Agents' Performance Praised;

expression or hand movement that might

suggest someone is reaching for a weapon.

Review Expected to Focus

But they say the President accepts some

On Knowledge of Suspect

risk of attack whenever he makes an an•

nounced public appearance where people

can get near him.

"That's what gives the

By BROOKS JACKSON

Secret Service ulcers," Mr. Steed said.

84311 REPOTLT Of THE WALL STRIET JOURNAL

He said it would be more prudent for the

WASHINGTON- The Secret Service be.

President to enter and leave hotels like the

gan an inquiry, but said it saw little it could

Hilton through underground garages, where

have done to prevent Monday's attempt on

possible. The Hilton has such a garage, but

President Reagan's life. A presidential aide

it couldn't be learned whether the Secret

said Mr. Reagan might resume wearing a

Service had suggested using it instead of let-

bulletproof vest.

ting the President walk in the open for the

Videotapes show that agents responded

few feet between the VIP door and his lim-

quickly once gunshots were heard, said Lau-

ousine. President Carter routinely used the

rie Davis, a Secret Service spokeswoman.

VIP entrance, a small door some distance

Agents hustled the President into his ar-

from the public entrance.

mored limousine. and, in

the case of

cally shielded the Chief Executive.

did what they were supposed to do," ,she

The Secret Service's review likely will fo-

James Baker, White House chief of staff,

cus on whether the shooting suspect, John

indicated that the President might chang"

W. Hickley Jr., a 25-year-old college drop-

his method of mingling with the public but

out with a histary of psychiatric treatment

that he thinks Mr. Reagan won't.

and aimless drifting,

should have

been

have. I am sure, recommendations from the

flagged for special attention after an arrest

(Secret) Service, and it may be that those

in Nashville. He was caught carrying hand.

could be convincing." he said.

guns onto an airliner last October

when

have to take a look at them and see."

President Carter was campaigning there.

ir. Baker said the Secret Service hasn't

EBI officials said Mr. Hinckley forfeited

suggested- that-the-President-wear-a-bullet.

$62.50 on a federal misdemeanor charge.

• proof vest since assuming office, although

But they said that such arrests were com-

Mr. Reagan wore one several times during

mon and that without anything to connect

last fall's Presidential Campaign. Former

the incident to President Carter's visit there

President Ford took to wearing such a vest

wasn't any reason to alert the Secret Ser:

vice.

Even if the Secret Service had put Mr.

Hinckley on its list of potential threats to the

President, there appears to be little chance

that the agency would have been alerted to

his presence in Washington. Federal prose-

cutors have said he told his parents that he

was going to California.

Thomas "Lem" Johns, a former head of

White House security, and Tom Steed, a for-

mer chairman of the House subcommittee

controlling the Secret Service budget, both

said they didn't see any failure of Secret

Service intelligence. So far as is known, the

suspect never threatened any President in

public before Monday's shooting.

The Secret Service inquiry may also at-

tempt to answer whether security was lax at

the shooting scene, the VIP entrance to the

Washington

Hilton Hotel. Reporters

said

members of the public were allowed to min-

gle with reporters and television camera

crews on the sidewalk a few feet from the

President.

Exec AD Adm.-

Exec AD Inv. -

Exec AD LES -

Asst. Dir.:

Adm. Serrs..u.

Crim. Inv.

Ident. -

Intell..

Laboratory

Legal Coun.-

Plan. & Insp.-

Rec. Mgni. _

Tech. Servs..

Training =

Public Affs. Off..

Telephone Rm. -

Director's Sec!

The Hashings: Post -

Washingion Siar-loss -

Daily New's (Ness Tort

The Yen York Times -

The Mail Stree Joum i Pg. 20

The Ailants Coastaution

The Los Angele, Tin.-

Daie.

4-1-8/

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## Page 128

adIR Violent crime: new vigo.

* in the search for solutions

By Julia Malone

Staff correspondent of

The Christian Science Monitor

washington

The attempted assassination of the

President comes on the heels of growing

concern about violent crime in the United

States.

Just hours after the attempt on the Presi-

dent's life, the Federal Bureau of Investiga-

tion announced that incidents of major

crimes jumped by 10 percent in 1980. FBI

Director William H. Webster called it the

biggest increase in five years and "a con-

tinuing cause for concern by law enforce

ment and the American people."

US Chief Justice Warren E. Burger

grabbed the news headlines with his speech

in February decrying crime.

And the Senate Judiciary Committee re-

ports that letters are pouring in from citi-

zens who are "very, very upset about safety

in their neighborhoods."

Many people now are learning what

criminologists have known for years: that the US has the

highest crime rates among Western industrialized nations.

The rate of reported offenses is "three or four times" that of

similar countries, says Graeme Newman, professor of crimi-

nal justice at the State University of New York at Albany.

The murder rate for the first half of the 1970s was 9 per

100,000 in the US. Meanwhile, the corresponding rate for

Canada was 2.4, for the United Kingdom 1.0, and for Japan 2.

It's guns, say some observers. The private arsenals in

American households now add up to 50 million handguns. Vir-

tually every other Western industrialized country puts tight

controls on guns.

Other experts blame race discrimination, the anonymity

of big-city living, and the materialism of the culture.

Congress, which is traditionally expected to come up with

instant solutions for such problems, is considering a stack of

In the outrage and shock following this week's events,

Capitol Hill is bracing itself for a renewed controversy over

gun control. Thirteen years ago, it took the killings of Robert

F. Kennedy and of Martin Luther King Jr. to force Congress

to pass limited gun-control laws.

Now Rep. Peter Rodino (D) of New Jersey, who heads the

House Judiciary Committee, is pledging to redouble his ef-

forts to get a new, stiffer law.

His bill is expected to call for banning the so-called "Sat-

urday night special," as small, inexpensive guns are some-

times called, and provide a 21-day waiting period for anyone

wanting to buy a handgun, as well as require dealers to keep

records of serial numbers for 10 years.

So far. Representative Rodino has had little success with

his bill, which failed to make it to full committee consider:

ation last year. Meanwhile, in the Senate, Sen. James A. Mc:

Clure (R) of Idaho is reported to be almost ready to present a

bill to cut back on enforcement of the 1968 law.

54952 Do01d:32989491

Page 128

Congress is working oner bills that use the carrot-and-

stick approach to fightin.

xime. Rodino wants a "victim

1dm. _

compensation" law that woard repay crime victims, but only rv.—

If they cooperate with the police.

-ES —

Sen. Strom Thurmond (R) of South Carolina, chairman of

the Senate Judiciary Committee, has introduced a bill aimed

at keeping convicted felons in jail by cutting off access to

VS.

federal courts. And two other bills in the Senate would re-

quire courts to consider evidence, even if police obtained it

illegally.

The Senate also is considering a bill to set legally accept-

able procedures for capital punishment.

•ry

President Reagan, now a victim of violence, had already

sun.

pushed violent crime closer to the forefront by naming it as Insp.—

the top priority for the US Department of Justice. (President

it.=

Carter had targeted white-collar crime.)

And Attorney General William French Smith has an- rvs.

nounced a special task force to recommend new federal laws

to combat violent crime.

s. Off..

James Q. Wilson, a member of that task force and a pro-: Rm. -

fessor of government at Harvard University, said that the

Sec'y -

assassination attempt would have little effect on the group's

work. And he bristled at the idea that the crime against the

President was an indictment of American society.

"It is intellectually shabby to say that when a single

eranged person does something heinous, it is a commentar

n society as a whole," said Professor Wilson in a telephon

interview. He added that even in the 1830s American cities

had high crime rates and that no "instant theories" will re-

solve the problem.

Despite the Reagan administration's pronouncements on

violent crime, the proposed new budget shows no major

spending plans in the area. In fact, the new budget for the

Department of the Treasury, which enforces handgun laws.

Department budget document.

The Hashingion Post -

Washingion Star-Now's -

Daily News (New York)

The New York Times -

The Wall Street Journd! .

The Atlanta Constimior

The Los

Then tet sance hus

Dett

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## Page 129

OBSERVER

Once

Again

By Russell Baker

This began as an amiable, tongue-in-

cheek piece about the Reagan Admin-

istration's decision to bring back the

battleship, but a friend burst into the

room. Somebody had shot at the Presi-

bulletins tumbled out of

him: The President's press secretary

shot in the head. Policeman shot. Se

cret Service agent shot.

Despite so many years of it, the re-

sponses were precisely the same as al-

ways. Incredulity. Then a wave of hor-

ror and revulsion. The involuntary

groan: "My God." Then the dash for

the television

set. One has been

through all this so many times before

that the moves have become condi-

Across the country, the whole nation

was running through the same reflex-

ive responses. Millions and millions

and millions of people so diverse that

no leader can induce them to make

three consecutive notes in harmony,

but a single gunman could instantly or-

chestrate a national gavotte of incre-

.. dulity, horror and revulsion ending in

a continental town meeting before the

television screen.

There was the usual fiddling with

the-V dials, the usual pleading from

the assembling crowd for a better

focus in the picture, the usual shaken

network news people switching the

camera from place to place, the usual

film of the assault played over and

over in slow motion.

Fortunately, the President had not

been hit. Naturally, the first bulletins

from Dallas in 1963 came to

"Shots were fired near the President's

car," they said. No indication that

•President Kennedy had been hit,

Then another bulletin: First bulletin

in error. Bullet lodged in President

"Reagan's lung.

Surgery imminent.

•Vice President Bush recalled to Wash-

ington from Texas. Cabinet officers

assembling at the White House. A

glimpse of Mrs. Reagan running into

the hospital emergency room.

Something must be said about all

but nothing remains to be said

that has not been said before over and

over. Everyone is

tired of ragings

against the easy availability of hand-

guns. That's the tired old liberal re-

sponse every time, and Congress is as

tired of having to ignore it as the pistol

lobby is tired of having to sxplain that

guns don't kill people, people kill peo-

HH 54952 DocId: 32999191

Faye

anynow, what sense does it make

ny more? There are so many pistol:

out there, millions and millions of

them. An acquaintance of mine died

not long ago at the hands of a burglar

who happened to have one as he went

about his work. I went to attend the fu-

neral and before I got back John Len-

non died at the hands of an autograph

seeker who happened to have a pistol.

On each occasion I heard the news

with incredulity, followed by a wave of

horror and revulsion and an involun-

tary groan of "My God." For my ac-

quaintance there was no dash to the

TV set to get the bulletins, only a fran-

tic series of long distance telephone

Over the years I have uttered that

"My God" for John Kennedy at 1 o'-

clock in the afternoon, for his brother

Robert at 7 A.M. on a beautiful June

moming, for Martin Luther King on a

windy spring night, for my friend just

before bedtime in the Christmas sea-

son, for Ronald Reagan in the middle

of a rainy afternoon with an amiable,

tongue-in-cheek piece about

ships in the typewriter.

It was not uttered upon the shooting

of Lee Harvey Oswald. What came out

then was, "You're kidding!"' I was at a

very late Sunday morning breakfast

engrossed in newspapers when a child

who had been watching television saw

"You're kidding!" I said, dashing as

always for the television set, and ar-

riving in time to see Oswald shot again

. on tape, and then again and again as

the tape was rerun.

Almost always, however,

pened again when the first bulletin

about President Reagan

nounced, what instinctively emerged

was "My God." These were the words

_"My God"' - that the co-pilot of the

Enola Gay entered in his diary when

he looked back on the first atomic

bomb expioding on Hiroshima.

What the words express, I suppose,

is a sense of something happening that

is too horrible for a man to grasp. in

the case of our increasingly common-

place American shootings, this horror

upon the dead and wounded. It is the

destruction of the fragile civility of

The true horror is the constantly

mounting evidence that our efforts to

govern our relationships with each

other civilly through discourse, ac-

commodation and peaceable demo

cratic persuasion can be destroyed in

an instant by the whim of a gunsling-

er; and the awful implication that, fi-

nally, our destiny is at the mercy of

So there will be no amiable, tongue-

in-cheek. discussion

of

battleships

today. That would be civil discourse,

which is out of place while we

still

lie in shock under the power of the

gun.

Exer AD Adm.-

Exec AD Inv. -

Exec AD LES -

Asst. Dir.:

Adm. Servs.....

Crim. Inv.

Intell.

Laboratory.....

Legal Coun. --

Plan. & Insp.-

Rec. Mgni...

Tech. Servs.

Training -

Public Affs. Off.

Telephone Ris

DircHio:'s Secy

The Niching : P...

Hashingion Sirati is -

-Daily Non= Mi: York'

The New York Tira -

7=31

The lill seemed a mund ano

The lands tonitti:-

4-1-81

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