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evidence: The Nazarov cyclization reaction -LRB- often referred to as simply the Nazarov cyclization -RRB- is a chemical reaction used in organic chemistry for the synthesis of cyclopentenones .. chemical reaction. chemical reaction. organic chemistry. organic chemistry. The reaction is typically divided into classical and modern variants , depending on the reagents and substrates employed .. It was originally discovered by Ivan Nikolaevich Nazarov -LRB- 1906 -- 1957 -RRB- in 1941 while studying the rearrangements of allyl vinyl ketones .. Ivan Nikolaevich Nazarov. Ivan Nikolaevich Nazarov. As originally described , the Nazarov cyclization involves the activation of a divinyl ketone using a stoichiometric Lewis acid or protic acid promoter .. divinyl ketone. enone. stoichiometric. stoichiometric. Lewis acid. Lewis acid. protic acid. protic acid. The key step of the reaction mechanism involves a cationic 4π-electrocyclic ring closure which forms the cyclopentenone product -LRB- See Mechanism below -RRB- .. cyclopentenone. cyclopentenone. cationic. cationic. electrocyclic ring closure. electrocyclic reaction. Mechanism. Nazarov cyclization reaction#Mechanism. As the reaction has been developed , variants involving substrates other than divinyl ketones and promoters other than Lewis acids have been subsumed under the name Nazarov cyclization provided that they follow a similar mechanistic pathway .. mechanistic pathway. reaction mechanism. The success of the Nazarov cyclization as a tool in organic synthesis stems from the utility and ubiquity of cyclopentenones as both motifs in natural products -LRB- including jasmone , the aflatoxins , and a subclass of prostaglandins -RRB- and as useful synthetic intermediates for total synthesis .. jasmone. jasmone. total synthesis. total synthesis. The reaction has been used in several total syntheses and several reviews have been published .