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evidence: Cho Lon is a quarter of Ho Chi Minh City -LRB- formerly Saigon -RRB- , in Vietnam .. Ho Chi Minh City. Ho Chi Minh City. Vietnam. Vietnam. It lies on the west bank of the Saigon River , having Binh Tay Market as its central market .. Saigon River. Saigon River. Binh Tay Market. Binh Tay Market. Cholon consists of the western half of District 5 as well as several adjoining neighborhoods in District 6 and District 11 .. District 5. District 5, Ho Chi Minh City. District 6. District 6, Ho Chi Minh City. District 11. District 11, Ho Chi Minh City. The quarter is long inhabited by Chinese people , and is considered the largest Chinatown in the world by area .. Chinatown. Chinatown. The Vietnamese name Cholon literally means `` big '' -LRB- lon -RRB- `` market '' -LRB- cho -RRB- .. The Chinese name -LRB- and original name -RRB- of Cholon is 堤岸 -LRB- pronounced Tai-Ngon in Cantonese and Di ' an in Mandarin , which means `` embankment '' -LRB- French  : quais -RRB- .. Cantonese. Cantonese. Mandarin. Standard Mandarin. The Vietnamese reading of the Chinese name is Đe Ngan , but this is rarely used .. Vietnamese speakers exclusively use the name Cho Lon , while Chinese speakers -LRB- both inside Vietnam and in China -RRB- are the only users of the original Chinese name .. Vietnam. Vietnam. In 1778 , the Hoa -LRB- Chinese minority of Vietnam -RRB- living in Bien Hoa had to take refuge in what is now Cholon because they were retaliated against by the Tay Son forces for their support of the Nguyen lords .. Vietnam. Vietnam. Hoa. Hoa people. Bien Hoa. Bien Hoa. Tay Son. Tay Son. Nguyen lords. Nguyen lords. In 1782 , they were again massacred by the Tay Son and had to rebuild .. Tay Son. Tay Son. They built high embankments against the flows of the river , and called their new settlement Tai-Ngon -LRB- meaning `` embankment '' in Cantonese -RRB- .. Cantonese. Cantonese. Cholon was incorporated as a city in 1879 , 11 km from Saigon .. By the 1930s , it had expanded to the city limit of Saigon .. On 27 April 1931 , Cholon and the neighbouring city Saigon were merged to form a single city called ` Saigon -- Cholon ' .. The official name , however , never entered everyday vernacular and the city continued to be referred to as ` Saigon ' .. ` Cholon ' was dropped from the city 's official name in 1956 , after Vietnam gained independence from France in 1955 .. Vietnam. Vietnam. During the Vietnam War , soldiers and deserters from the United States Army maintained a thriving black market at Cholon , trading in various American and especially U.S Army-issue items .. Vietnam. Vietnam. Vietnam War. Vietnam War. black market. black market. This was the area , near the Quan Am Pagoda where photojournalist Eddie Adams took his famous execution photograph .. Quan Am Pagoda. Quan Am Pagoda, Ho Chi Minh City. Eddie Adams. Eddie Adams ( photographer ). Four Australian journalists were also killed in Cholon during the Tet Offensive in 1968 .. Tet Offensive. Tet Offensive. Today , Cholon especially attracts many Mainland Chinese and Taiwanese tourists .. Mainland Chinese. Mainland Chinese