claim: Pakistan is officially called the Republic of Turkey.
evidence: Pakistan -LRB- -LSB- pɑːkᵻˈstɑːn -RSB- -LSB- -RRB- , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan -LRB- -LSB- -RRB- , is a federal parliamentary republic in South Asia on the crossroads of Central and Western Asia .. parliamentary. Parliamentary system. Islamic Republic. Islamic Republic. federal. Federation. parliamentary republic. parliamentary republic. South Asia. South Asia. Central. Central Asia. Western Asia. Western Asia. It is the sixth-most populous country with a population exceeding 201 million people .. sixth-most populous. List of countries by population. 201 million people. Demographics of Pakistan. In terms of area , it is the 33rd-largest country spanning 881,913 km2 .. Pakistan has a 1,046 km coastline along the Arabian Sea and its Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by India to the east , Afghanistan to the west , Iran to the southwest , and China in the far northeast , respectively .. coastline. coastline. Arabian Sea. Arabian Sea. Gulf of Oman. Gulf of Oman. India. India. Afghanistan. Afghanistan. Iran. Iran. China. China. Oman. Oman. It is separated from Tajikistan by Afghanistan 's narrow Wakhan Corridor in the north , and also shares a maritime border with Oman .. Afghanistan. Afghanistan. Tajikistan. Tajikistan. Wakhan Corridor. Wakhan Corridor. maritime border. maritime border. Oman. Oman. The territory that now constitutes Pakistan is considered a cradle of civilisation that was previously home to several ancient cultures , including the Mehrgarh of the Neolithic and the Bronze Age Indus Valley Civilisation , and later home to kingdoms ruled by people of different faiths and cultures , including Hindus , Indo-Greeks , Muslims , Turco-Mongols , Afghans , and Sikhs .. cradle of civilisation. cradle of civilisation. ancient cultures. Prehistory of Pakistan. Mehrgarh. Mehrgarh. Neolithic. Neolithic. Indus Valley Civilisation. Indus Valley Civilisation. Indo-Greeks. Indo-Greek Kingdom. Muslims. Muslim conquest in the Indian subcontinent. Turco-Mongols. Timurid dynasty. Afghans. Afghan ( ethnonym ). The area has been ruled by numerous empires and dynasties , including the Persian Achaemenid Empire , Alexander of Macedonia , the Indian Mauryan Empire , the Arab Umayyad Caliphate , the Delhi Sultanate , the Mongol Empire , the Mughal Empire , the Durrani Empire , the Sikh Empire , and most recently , the British Empire .. Sikh. Sikh. Achaemenid Empire. Achaemenid Empire. Alexander of Macedonia. Alexander the Great. Mauryan Empire. Mauryan Empire. Umayyad Caliphate. Umayyad Caliphate. Delhi Sultanate. Delhi Sultanate. Mongol Empire. Mongol Empire. Mughal Empire. Mughal Empire. Durrani Empire. Durrani Empire. Sikh Empire. Sikh Empire. British Empire. British Empire. Pakistan is unique among Muslim countries in that it is the only country to have been created in the name of Islam .. Islam. Islam. As a result of the Pakistan Movement led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah and the subcontinent 's struggle for independence , Pakistan was created in 1947 as an independent homeland for South Asian Muslims .. Muslims. Muslim conquest in the Indian subcontinent. Pakistan Movement. Pakistan Movement. Muhammad Ali Jinnah. Muhammad Ali Jinnah. subcontinent. Indian Subcontinent. It is an ethnically and linguistically diverse country , with a similarly diverse geography and wildlife .. ethnically. Ethnic groups in Pakistan. linguistically. Languages of Pakistan. geography. Geography of Pakistan. wildlife. Fauna of Pakistan. Initially a dominion , Pakistan adopted a constitution in 1956 , becoming an Islamic republic .. dominion. Dominion of Pakistan. constitution. Constitution of Pakistan. An ethnic civil war in 1971 resulted in the secession of East Pakistan as the new country of Bangladesh .. civil war. Bangladesh Liberation War. East Pakistan. East Pakistan. Bangladesh. Bangladesh. In 1973 Pakistan adopted a new constitution establishing , alongside its pre-existing parliamentary republic status , a federal government based in Islamabad consisting of four provinces and four federal territories .. Islamabad. Islamabad. parliamentary. Parliamentary system. federal. Federation. parliamentary republic. parliamentary republic. constitution. Constitution of Pakistan. four provinces and four federal territories. Administrative units of Pakistan. The new constitution also stipulated that all laws were to conform to the injunctions of Islam as laid down in the Quran and Sunnah .. Islam. Islam. constitution. Constitution of Pakistan. Quran. Quran. Sunnah. Sunnah. A regional and middle power , Pakistan has the sixth-largest standing armed forces in the world and is also a nuclear power as well as a declared nuclear-weapons state , being the second in South Asia and the only nation in the Muslim world to have that status .. South Asia. South Asia. regional. Regional power. middle power. middle power. sixth-largest standing armed forces. List of countries by number of troops. nuclear power. Nuclear power in Pakistan. nuclear-weapons. List of states with nuclear weapons. Muslim world. Muslim world. Pakistan has a semi-industrialised economy with a well-integrated agriculture sector , and a growing services sector .. economy. Economy of Pakistan. agriculture sector. Agriculture in Pakistan. The Pakistani economy is the 24th-largest in the world in terms of purchasing power and the 41st-largest in terms of nominal GDP -LRB- World Bank -RRB- .. Pakistani. Pakistani. economy. Economy of Pakistan. 24th-largest. List of countries by GDP ( PPP ). 41st-largest. List of countries by GDP ( nominal ). nominal GDP. nominal GDP. It is ranked among the emerging and growth-leading economies of the world , and is backed by one of the world 's largest and fastest-growing middle classes .. emerging and growth-leading economies. emerging and growth-leading economies. The post-independence history of Pakistan has been characterised by periods of military rule , and since 2008 a transition to democracy , amid conflicts with neighbouring India .. India. India. transition to democracy. Pakistani general election, 2008. conflicts with neighbouring India. Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts. The country continues to face challenging problems such as illiteracy , healthcare , and corruption , but has substantially reduced poverty and terrorism and expanded per capita income .. illiteracy. Education in Pakistan#Literacy rate. healthcare. Healthcare in Pakistan. corruption. Corruption in Pakistan. poverty. Poverty in Pakistan. terrorism. terrorism. per capita income. per capita income. Pakistan is a member of the United Nations , the Non-Aligned Movement , the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation , the Commonwealth of Nations , the ECO , the SAARC , the Developing Eight , and the G20 developing nations , Group of 24 , Group of 77 , and ECOSOC .. United Nations. United Nations. Non-Aligned Movement. Non-Aligned Movement. Organisation of Islamic Cooperation. Organisation of Islamic Cooperation. Commonwealth of Nations. Commonwealth of Nations. ECO. Economic Cooperation Organisation. SAARC. South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation. Developing Eight. Developing Eight. G20 developing nations. G20 developing nations. Group of 24. Group of 24. Group of 77. Group of 77. ECOSOC. ECOSOC. It is also an associate member of CERN .. CERN. CERN. Pakistan is a signatory to the Kyoto Protocol , the Paris Agreement , and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights .. Kyoto Protocol. Kyoto Protocol. Paris Agreement. Paris Agreement. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights