mwirth-epo/epo-nmt-datasets huggingface dataset:
图3至图11是本发明实施例半导体结构的形成方法第一实施例中各步骤对应的结构示意图。
FIG. 3 to FIG. 11 are structural views corresponding to each step in one form of a method for forming a semiconductor structure according the present disclosure.
参考图3至图5，提供基底，所述基底包括衬底100、位于所述衬底100上的栅极结构106(如图5所示)、位于所述栅极结构106两侧所述衬底100中的源漏掺杂区103以及位于所述源漏掺杂区103上的层间介质层104(如图4所示)。
Referring to FIG. 3 to FIG. 5, a base is provided that includes a substrate 100, a gate structure 106 (as illustrated in FIG. 5 ) over the substrate 100, a source-drain doped region 103 in the substrate 100 on two sides of the gate structure 106, and an interlayer dielectric layer 104 (as illustrated in FIG. 4 ) over the source-drain doped region 103.
基底为后续形成半导体结构提供工艺基础。
The base provides a process foundation for subsequently forming the semiconductor structure.
具体的，形成基底的步骤包括：
Specifically, the step of forming the base includes the following steps:
如图3所示，在衬底100上形成伪栅结构102，以及位于所述伪栅结构102两侧所述衬底100中的源漏掺杂区103。
As illustrated in FIG. 3, a pseudo-gate structure 102 on the substrate 100, and a source-drain doped region 103 in the substrate 100 on two sides of the pseudo-gate structure 102 are formed.
本实施例以形成的半导体结构为鳍式场效应晶体管(FinFET)为例，衬底100为具有鳍部101的衬底100。
In some implementations, for example, the formed semiconductor structure is a fin field effect transistor (FinFET), and the substrate 100 is a substrate 100 with a fin 101.
在其他实施例中，形成的半导体结构还可以为平面结构，相应的，衬底上不具有鳍部。
In other implementations, the formed semiconductor structure may also be a planar structure, and correspondingly, there is no fin on the substrate.
本实施例中，衬底100为硅衬底。
In some implementations, the substrate 100 is a silicon substrate.
鳍部101用于后续提供鳍式场效应晶体管的沟道。
The fin 101 is used for subsequently providing the channel of the fin field effect transistor.
本实施例中，鳍部101与衬底100由对同一半导体层进行刻蚀所得到。
In some implementations, the fin 101 and the substrate 100 are obtained by etching the same semiconductor layer.
因此，本实施例中，鳍部101的材料与衬底100的材料相同。
Therefore, in some implementations, the material of the fin 101 is the same as the material of the substrate 100.
所述伪栅结构102横跨所述鳍部101且覆盖所述鳍部101的部分顶壁和侧壁。
The pseudo-gate structure 102 spans the fin 101 and covers part of the top and sidewall of the fin 101.
所述伪栅结构102为后续形成栅极结构占据空间位置。
The pseudo-gate structure 102 occupies a space position for the subsequent formation of the gate structure.
本实施例中，所述伪栅结构102为多晶硅伪栅结构。
In some implementations, the pseudo-gate structure 102 is a polycrystalline silicon pseudo-gate structure.
具体的，所述伪栅结构102包括栅氧化层1021以及位于所述栅氧化层1021上的栅极层1022。
Specifically, the pseudo-gate structure 102 includes a gate oxide layer 1021 and a gate layer 1022 over the gate oxide layer 1021.
源漏掺杂区103，位于伪栅结构102两侧的鳍部101中。
The source-drain doped region 103 is located in the fin 101 on two sides of the pseudo-gate structure 102.
在半导体结构工作时，源漏掺杂区103为栅极结构下方的沟道提供应力，提高载流子的迁移率。
When the semiconductor structure works, the source-drain doped region 103 provides stress for the channel below the gate structure and improves the carrier mobility.
本实施例中，所述半导体结构用于形成PMOS(Positive Channel Metal OxideSemiconductor)晶体管，即所述源漏掺杂区103的材料为掺杂P型离子的锗化硅。
In some implementations, the semiconductor structure is used for forming a Positive channel Metal Oxide Semiconductor (PMOS) transistor, that is, the material of the source-drain doped region 103 is silicon germanide doped with P-type ions.
本实施例通过在锗化硅中掺杂P型离子，掺入的P型离子越多，多子的浓度就越高，导电性能也就越强。
In some implementations, by doping P-type ions in silicon germanide, the more P-type ions are doped, the higher the concentration of free electrons is, and the stronger the conductivity is.
具体的，P型离子包括B、Ga或In。
Specifically, P-type ions include B, Ga or In.
其他实施例中，所述半导体结构用于形成NMOS(Negative channel Metal OxideSemiconductor)晶体管，即源漏掺杂区的材料相应为掺杂N型离子的碳化硅或磷化硅。
In other implementations, the semiconductor structure is used for forming a Negative channel Metal Oxide Semiconductor (NMOS) transistor, that is, the material of the source-drain doped region is correspondingly silicon carbide or silicon phosphide doped with N-type ions.
通过在碳化硅或磷化硅中掺杂N型离子，掺入的N型离子越多，多子的浓度就越高，导电性能也就越强。
By doping N-type ions in silicon carbide or silicon phosphide, the more N-type ions are doped, the higher the concentration of free electrons is, and the stronger the conductivity is.
具体的，N型离子包括P、As或Sb。
Specifically, N-type ions include P, As or Sb.
如图4所示，在所述源漏掺杂区103上形成层间介质层104，且所述层间介质层104露出所述伪栅结构102的顶壁。
As illustrated in FIG. 4, an interlayer dielectric layer 104 is formed over the source-drain doped region 103.
层间介质层104用于实现相邻半导体结构之间的电隔离。
Additionally, the interlayer dielectric layer 104 exposes the top wall of the pseudo-gate structure 102.
具体的，层间介质层104的材料为氧化硅。
The interlayer dielectric layer 104 is used for realizing electrical isolation between adjacent semiconductor structures.
一种融合机器视觉与红外检测技术的反馈式池塘循环水智能 投饲系统
PCT/CN2020/072012, filed on Jan. 14, 2020, entitled “Feedback Feeding System for Pond Recirculation with Fusion of Machine Vision and Infrared Detection,” which claims priority to China Patent Application No. 201910290977.4, filed on Apr. 11, 2019.
本发明涉及水产养殖机械技术领域，具体涉及到一种融合机器视觉与红外检测技术的反馈式池塘循环水智能投饲系统。
The present disclosure relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to a feedback feeding system pond recirculation with fusion of machine vision and infrared detection.
鱼类产品是人类重要的蛋白质和能量来源，在人类生存与发展过程中起着重要作用，其主要来源于捕捞和水产养殖。
Fish and fish products, from fishing and aquaculture, are an essential source of protein and energy for humans and play an important role in human survival and development.
随着人口的增长以及生态环境的退化，捕捞已经无法满足人类对鱼类资源的需求，水产养殖成为鱼类制品获取的重要途径。
With population growth and the degradation of the ecological environment, fishing has been unable to meet demand for fish resources, and aquaculture has become an important way to obtain fish products.
水产养殖是指在人为控制下水生动植物繁殖、培育和收获的生产活动，其可大致分为粗放养殖、半粗放养殖和集约化养殖。
Aquaculture refers to the production activities including reproduction, cultivation and harvest of aquatic animals and plants under control.
前两种水产养殖方法过于依赖自然环境，且极易造成养殖水体的污染。
The first two methods of farming rely too much on the natural environment and can easily pollute the aquaculture water.
集约化养殖通常指采用循环水养殖系统(RecirculatingAquaculture System,RAS)进行高密度养殖的水产养殖方法。
Intensive farming usually uses the Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS) for high dense culture.
其中池塘循环水水产养殖模式是多学科交叉和应用的水产养殖方法，其通常由流水养殖槽、投喂系统、排泄物收集系统、水质监测与净化系统等组成。
The pond recirculating aquaculture mode is a multidisciplinary and applied aquaculture method, which usually includes a raceway culture tank, a feeding system, an excrement collection system, and a water quality monitoring and purification system.
随着水资源的日益匮乏和环境污染带来的压力，池塘循环水养殖模式正成为中国水产养殖的重要发展方向。
With the increasing scarcity of water resources and environmental pollution, the development of the pond recirculating aquaculture mode has become important for aquaculture.
在池塘循环水养殖条件下实现鱼类精准投喂是是亟待解决的关键科学问题。
Precise feeding of fish is a problem in the pond recirculating aquaculture.
研究表明，饥饿和过分饱食都可能会引起养殖对象的疾病爆发。
Studies have shown that both hunger and overeating may cause disease outbreaks in breeding subjects.
其次，饲料成本是整个水产养殖成本的主要组成部分(占40％以上)，提高饲料利用率对增加养殖效益有着重要的作用。
Secondly, feed cost is the main component of the entire aquaculture cost (more than 40%).
另外，残余饲料也影响着鱼类自身生活的水环境。
In addition, residual feed also affects the water environment of the fish.
因此，根据养殖对象实际摄食需求的精准投喂对促进鱼类福利化养殖生长具有重要意义。
Therefore, precise feeding according to the actual feeding needs of the breeding objects is of great significance to promote the growth of fish culture.
目前在池塘循环水水产养殖模式中，饵料投喂主要依靠人工投饵以及机器定时定量投饵：人工投饵虽能较好地依靠人工经验对养殖对象的摄食欲望进行判断，提高饵料投喂的精准性，但人工成本较高，费时费力；而机器定时定量投喂虽然在一定程度上节省了人工成本，而在鱼类不同生长阶段都需要手动更改投饲量与投饲时间，不能最佳的适应鱼类生长。
In manual feeding, the feeder may observe the desire of the cultured objects according to his/her experience and improve the feeding accuracy.
我国对于投饲机的研究工作开始于20世纪90年代，主要有投射和气力两种投饲方式；同时，由于近几年循环水养殖模式的普及，出现了轨道式投饲机。
Due to the popularization of recirculating aquaculture mode in recent years, orbital feeding machines have appeared.
虽然，随着三维建模与仿真软件的应用与发展，对上述投饲机的各机构不断进行优化，性能有较大提高。
With the application and development of 3D modeling and simulation software, the various mechanisms of the feeding machines have been continuously optimized, and the performance greatly improved.
但其只是基于定时定量投喂模式的改动，并没有根据养殖对象所表现出的摄食行为进行智能化投喂。
However, optimization is only based on the change of the regular and quantitative feeding mode, and variable feeding based on the feeding behavior of the breeding objects.
鱼群摄食行为存在规律，并且受自然环境条件的影响。
The feeding behavior of shoals of fish is regular and is affected by natural environment.
因此根据鱼群摄食行为的反馈条件，准确判断鱼的饥饿程度，用以控制投饲系统在池塘循环水养殖模式中至关重要。
Therefore, according to the feedback of the feeding behavior of the shoals of fish, it is important to accurately judge the degree of hunger of the fish in order to control the feeding system in the pond recirculating aquaculture mode.
早期研究主要通过人工直接观测来判断鱼群摄食行为，需要耗费大量人力资源，并且具有破坏性，忽略了动物本身的福利，且只能实现小区域的检测，不能实现连续监控和实时反馈控制。
Direct manual observation is used to determine the feeding behavior of shoals of fish in early research, which required a lot of human resources and was destructive and ignoring the welfare of the animal.
随着计算机视觉和红外传感技术的迅速发展，基于此类技术的智能化投饲系统在近几年逐渐兴起，并且由于其准确性好、智能化程度高等特点得到了研究人员的广泛关注。
With the rapid development of computer vision and infrared sensing technology, intelligent feeding systems based on such technologies have gradually emerged in recent years and have received extensive attention from researchers due to their high accuracy and high degree of intelligence.
本发明所设计的融合机器视觉与红外检测技术的反馈式池塘循环水智能投饲系统，其实现原理是：根据鱼群摄食行为，通过协同利用机器视觉技术与红外传感技术，为投饲系统提供投喂决策；池塘循环水养殖模式是露天环境，由于自然环境变化，如光照等，所引起的能见度低造成基于机器视觉提供的鱼群摄食行为反馈信号不稳定，或低温环境所引起的摄食强度不高造成基于红外传感器提供的鱼群摄食行为反馈信号不强，融合两种决策方式能更好的解决池塘循环水养殖模式下的智能化投喂决策问题。
The change of natural environment, e.g. light, etc., may affect the feedback signal of the fish feeding behavior provided by the machine vision due to the low visibility, or it may affect the feedback signal of the fish feeding behavior provided by the infrared detection because low temperature may decrease feeding intensity.
发明内容
The fusion of these two strategies can solve the problem of intelligent feeding strategies in the pond recirculating aquaculture mode.
本发明为解决现有池塘循环水养殖模式下投饲中存在的问题，提供了一种融合机器视觉与红外检测技术的反馈式池塘循环水智能投饲系统，该系统具有节约人力饲料成本，准确性好，智能化程度高的特点，有效实现池塘循环水福利化养殖。
The present disclosure provides a feedback feeding system pond recirculation with the fusion of machine vision and infrared detection.
本发明采用的技术方案如下：
The system is cost-effective and accurate in feeding, realizing the intelligent feeding strategies in pond recirculating aquaculture.
一种融合机器视觉与红外检测技术的反馈式池塘循环水智能投饲系统，包括机架、控制器和投饲机；所述机架安装于池塘循环水养殖池进水口的池岸处，控制器和投饲机均安装于机架上并位于水面上方；
The feedback feeding system pond recirculation with fusion of machine vision and infrared detection comprises a rack, a controller and a feeder.
所述控制器包括控制箱、开发板、夜视鱼眼广角摄像头、夜视摄像头红外补光灯、红外传感器和机械式红外传感辅助器；所述开发板安置在控制箱内部，连接夜视鱼眼广角摄像头和红外传感器，所述夜视鱼眼广角摄像头安装在控制箱底部，与夜视摄像头红外补光灯连接，为开发板提供鱼群摄食行为的图像流，开发板根据图像流反映的池塘循环水养殖池水面反光区域的变化特征，进行基于水面反光区域的鱼群摄食行为强度EK的计算；所述夜视摄像头红外补光灯设置在夜视鱼眼广角摄像头两侧，所述红外传感器安装在控制箱内部，共有4个，且相邻红外传感器成90°夹角，配合机械式红外传感辅助器，向开发板提供单脉冲信号，开发板根据单脉冲信号反映的池塘循环水养殖池水体波动强度，进行基于水体波动强度的鱼群摄食行为强度EJ的计算；
The controller comprises a control box, a development board, a night vision fisheye wide-angle camera, a night vision camera infrared fill light, an infrared sensor, and a mechanical infrared sensor assister.
所述投饲机包括饲料储存仓、螺旋输送器、落料管、散料盘和电机；所述饲料储存仓中的饲料能够通过螺旋输送器在电机的带动下流动至落料管中，经散料盘将饲料均匀地抛撒至池塘循环水养殖池中；所述电机与开发板连接，开发板中根据获得的EK和EJ计算鱼群摄食行为强度E：
The development board is configured to calculate the intensity EJof fish feeding behavior based on the intensity of the water fluctuation according to the intensity of the water fluctuation of the pond recirculating aquaculture pond reflected by the monopulse signal.
E＝(1-ε)EK+εEJ
E=(1−ε) EK +εEJ
式中，ε表示投喂决策协同系数；当E值大于预先设定的投喂决策阈值G，则开发板控制电机转动开始投喂。
When E is greater than the present feeding strategy threshold G, the development board controls the rotation of the motor to starting feeding.
上述技术方案中，进一步的，所述的机械式红外传感辅助器包括机械式红外传感辅助关节、红外传感反馈调节旋钮和机械式红外传感辅助杆；所述机械式红外传感辅助关节由上、下部子关节组成，下部子关节上开孔，机械式红外传感辅助杆从上至下插入该开孔内，上端位于机械式红外传感辅助关节内部，在上部子关节上安装有红外传感反馈调节旋钮，反馈调节旋钮端部与机械式红外传感辅助杆上端相抵，通过张紧作用控制因鱼群摄食行为引发的机械式红外传感辅助杆摆动幅度以调节红外传感反馈。
In some embodiments, the mechanical infrared sensing assistor comprises a mechanical infrared sensing auxiliary joint, an infrared sensing feedback adjustment knob, and a mechanical infrared sensing auxiliary rod.
进一步的，所述的进行EK的计算具体步骤如下：
In some embodiments, the calculation of EKis detailed as follows.
夜视鱼眼广角摄像头将鱼群摄食实时图像流传输至开发板，图像流是RGB空间；
The night vision fisheye wide-angle camera transmits the real-time image stream of the fish feeding behavior to the development board, wherein the image stream is RGB space.
开发板将图像流转换至HSV空间；
The development board converts the image stream to HSV space.
根据如下公式提取图像流的池塘循环水养殖池水面反光区域：
c. The reflective area of the water surface of the pond recirculating aquaculture pond in the image stream is extracted from the following expression:
式中，Is(x，y)和Iv(x，y)分别表示图像在(x，y)处的饱和度和亮度，Ts和Tv分别表示饱和度阈值和亮度阈值，f(x，y)表示经二值化处理之后像素点(x，y)的取值；
wherein, Is(x, y) and Iv(x, y) represents the saturation and brightness of the image at (x, y), respectively.
利用Lucas-Kanade光流算法对图像流中鱼群摄食行为的特征信息进行提取，根据如下公式计算相邻两图像流中的运动矢量速度变化幅值：
The characteristics information of the fish feeding behavior in the image stream is extracted by Lucas-Kanade optical flow algorithm.
式中，(x，y)表示当前帧的反光区域坐标，N表示当前帧运动矢量总数；
wherein, (x, y) represents the coordinator of the reflective area of the current frame; N represents the total number of motion vectors in the current frame.
统计相邻两图像流中的运动矢量速度变化幅值分布，根据如下公式计算不同速度区间分布概率：
The velocity change amplitude distribution of the motion vector in two adjacent image streams are calculated.
P(i)＝(H(i)/N)(0≤i≤m)
P( i)=( H( i)/ N)(0≤ i≤m)
式中，m表示v被划分的区间数，H(i)和P(i)分别表示落入某速度区间内的运动矢量个数和概率；
wherein, m represents the number of intervals v being divided into; H(i) and P(i) represents the number and probability of motion vectors falling into a certain speed interval.
利用信息熵对池塘循环水养殖池水面反光区域变化特征分布概率的无规律程度进行衡量，从而实现鱼群摄食行为不规律程度的分析，公式为：
The information entropy is used to measure the degree of irregularity in the distribution probability of the reflective area change on the water surface of the pond recirculating aquaculture pond, so as to realize the analysis of the degree of irregularity in the fish feeding behavior.
式中，L是光照修正系数。
CE=Σj=1m P( j)log2( P( j))
安装在控制箱内部的红外传感器将该不规律转动转化为单脉冲信号，记：
EKis calculated by the following expression:
式中，S(i)表示四个红外传感器中第i个的感应状态，t表示以秒为单位的时间区间，sj表示在t时间段每秒内某单个红外传感器单脉冲发生数，M表示红外传感器感应阈值；
wherein, L is the light correction factor.
一个或两个侧向转位间隙90形成在凹槽侧向表面80的相对的两个周向端部，位于凹槽侧向表面80与保持器主表面66的相交处和/或凹槽侧向表面80与保持器端面68的相交处。
The one or two lateral indexing gaps 90 are formed at opposite circumferential ends of the pocket lateral surface 80, located at the intersection of the pocket lateral surface 80 with the holder main surface 66 and/or at the intersection of the pocket lateral surface 80 with the holder end surface 68.
在附图中看出，侧向转位间隙90在上述相交处形成为切口，因此与非侧向转位间隙85形状不同。
As seen in the drawings, the lateral indexing gaps 90 are formed as cutouts at the aforementioned intersections and thus differ in shape from the non-lateral indexing gaps 85.
在附图所示的该非限制性例子中，至少一个转位间隙84包括正好两个侧向转位间隙90，即，与保持器端面68相交的第一侧向转位间隙90a以及与保持器主表面66相交的第二侧向转位间隙90b。
In this non-limiting example shown in the drawings, the at least one indexing gap 84 includes exactly two lateral indexing gaps 90, a first lateral indexing gap 90 athat intersects the holder end surface 68, and a second lateral indexing gap 90 bthat intersects the holder main surface 66.
第一侧向转位间隙90a和第二侧向转位间隙90b可以不相同。
The first and second lateral indexing gaps 90 a, 90 bmay not be identical.
正好两个侧向转位间隙90位于至少一个非侧向转位间隙85的两侧。
The exactly two lateral indexing gaps 90 are located on either side of the at least one non-lateral indexing gap 85.
至少一个转位间隙84限定了多个成角度地间隔开的凹槽侧面抵接表面88，它们围绕凹槽主轴线B在周向上与至少一个非侧向转位间隙85交替。
The at least one indexing gap 84 defines a plurality of angularly spaced apart pocket side abutment surfaces 88 that circumferentially alternate with the at least one non-lateral indexing gap 85 about the pocket major axis B. More specifically, the axially extending internal cylindrical pocket lateral surface 80 is divided into the plurality of angularly spaced apart cylindrical pocket side abutment surfaces 88 by one or more non-lateral indexing gaps 85.
多个凹槽侧面抵接表面88位于凹槽侧向表面80上，因此是圆柱形的。
The plurality of pocket side abutment surfaces 88 are located on the pocket lateral surface 80, and are thus cylindrical.
每个非侧向转位间隙85位于一对相邻的凹槽侧面抵接表面88之间。
Each non-lateral indexing gap 85 is located between a pair of adjacent pocket side abutment surfaces 88.
因此，非侧向转位间隙85与保持器主表面66和保持器端面68间隔开。
Thus, the non-lateral indexing gaps 85 are spaced apart from the holder main surface 66 and the holder end surface 68.
每个凹槽侧面抵接表面88可在周向方向的一侧或两侧与至少一个非侧向转位间隙85中的相应的非侧向转位间隙邻接。
Each pocket side abutment surface 88 can be adjoined on one or both of its sides, in the circumferential direction, by a respective one of the at least one non-lateral indexing gaps 85.
根据本申请的主题的一些实施方式，凹槽侧向表面80可包括正好两个凹槽侧面抵接表面88。
In accordance with some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, the pocket lateral surface 80 can include exactly two pocket side abutment surfaces 88.
根据本申请的主题的一些实施方式，多个凹槽侧面抵接表面88中的每一个都可具有由凹槽侧面抵接表面角μ限定的围绕凹槽主轴线B的角度尺寸。
In accordance with some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, each of the plurality of pocket side abutment surfaces 88 can have an angular dimension about the pocket major axis B defined by a pocket side abutment surface angle μ.
凹槽侧面抵接表面角μ可以在34°≤μ≤48°的范围内。
The pocket side abutment surface angle μ can be in the range, 34°≤μ≤48°.
间隙角δ可以小于凹槽侧面抵接表面角μ。
The gap angle δ can be less than the pocket side abutment surface angle μ.
优选地，间隙角δ可以小于凹槽侧面抵接表面角μ的一半。
Preferably, the gap angle δ can be less than half the pocket side abutment surface angle μ.
参照图5、图6和图8，根据本申请的主题的一些实施方式，保持器凹槽26可以包括凹槽螺纹孔78，其被设计用于通过螺纹接收固定螺钉28，以便将切削刀片22固定至刀片保持器24。
Referring to FIGS. 5, 6 and 8, in accordance with some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, the holder pocket 26 can include a pocket threaded bore 78 that is designed for threadingly receiving the retaining screw 28 in order to secure the cutting insert 22 to the insert holder 24.
凹槽螺纹孔78可以凹进凹槽基部表面72中并向凹槽基部表面72打开，并且优选凹进凹槽支撑表面76中并向凹槽支撑表面76打开。
The pocket threaded bore 78 can be recessed in, and open out to, the pocket base surface 72, and preferably the pocket support surface 76.
螺纹孔轴线S和凹槽主轴线B可以彼此不平行。
The pocket threaded bore 78 extends along a threaded bore axis S. The threaded bore axis S and the pocket major axis B can be non-parallel to each other.
螺纹孔轴线S和凹槽主轴线B可以位于与至少一个非侧向转位间隙85中的一个相交的螺纹孔平面P中。
The threaded bore axis S and the pocket major axis B can lie in a threaded bore plane P that intersects one of the at least one non-lateral indexing gaps 85.
特别地，螺纹孔轴线S和凹槽主轴线B可以在螺纹孔平面P中限定螺纹孔角λ。
The threaded bore axis S can be slanted with respect to the pocket major axis B. In particular, the threaded bore axis S and the pocket major axis B can define a threaded bore angle λ in the threaded bore plane P. The threaded bore angle λ can be in the range, 1°≤λ≤10°.
有利地，螺纹孔角λ确保切削刀片22在保持器凹槽26中的牢固安置，其中夹紧力指向凹槽支撑表面76和多个凹槽侧面抵接表面88。
Advantageously, the threaded bore angle λ ensures a firm seating of the cutting insert 22 in the holder pocket 26 where the clamping force is directed towards the pocket support surface 76 and the plurality of pocket side abutment surfaces 88.
将参照图1、图7和图8描述切削刀片22在保持器凹槽26中的安置和支撑。
The seating and support of the cutting insert 22 in the holder pocket 26 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 7 and 8.
在切削工具20的紧固位置，切削刀片22可释放地保持在刀片保持器24的保持器凹槽26中。
In the fastened position of the cutting tool 20, the cutting insert 22 is releasably retained in the holder pocket 26 of the insert holder 24.
在附图所示的该非限制性例子中，切削刀片22通过位于刀片通孔52中并通过螺纹接收在凹槽螺纹孔78中的固定螺钉28而被保持在保持器凹槽26中。
In this non-limiting example shown in the drawings, the cutting insert 22 is retained in the holder pocket 26 by the retaining screw 28 located in the insert through bore 52 and threadingly received in the pocket threaded bore 78.
刀片中心轴线A和凹槽主轴线B可以重合。
The insert central axis A and the pocket major axis B can be co-incident.
参照图8，其示出了沿着包含刀片中心轴线A和凹槽主轴线B并穿过一个非侧向转位间隙85的平面截取的横截面，在切削工具20的紧固位置，凹槽支撑表面76抵接刀片下支承表面38。
Referring to FIG. 8, showing a cross-section taking in a plane containing the insert central axis A and the pocket major axis B and passing through one of the non-lateral indexing gaps 85, in the fastened position of the cutting tool 20, the pocket support surface 76 abuts the insert lower bearing surface 38.
多个圆柱形凹槽侧面抵接表面88中的每一个都抵接相应的圆柱形刀片侧面抵接表面64。
Each of the plurality of cylindrical pocket side abutment surfaces 88 abuts a respective cylindrical insert side abutment surface 64.
每个非侧向转位间隙85具有位于其中的相应的转位闩锁54。
Each non-lateral indexing gap 85 has a respective indexing latch 54 located therein.
因此，通过闩锁侧表面56中的相应的闩锁侧表面与每个非侧向转位间隙85的间隙表面86之间的接触，防止了切削刀片22围绕刀片中心轴线A在两个旋转方向上的旋转。
Thus, rotation of the cutting insert 22 about the insert central axis A in both rotational directions is prevented by contact between a respective one of the latch side surfaces 56 and the gap surface 86 of each non-lateral indexing gap 85.
在包括一个或两个侧向转位间隙90的构造中，一个或两个侧向转位间隙可以具有位于其中的相应的转位闩锁54。
In the configuration that includes one or two lateral indexing gaps 90, one or both can have a respective indexing latch 54 located therein.
注意，侧向转位间隙90防止了围绕刀片中心轴线A仅在一个旋转方向上的旋转。
It is noted that the lateral indexing gaps 90 prevent rotation about the insert central axis A in only one rotational direction.
具体地，第一侧向转位间隙90a仅防止了切削刀片22在顺时针方向上的旋转(在保持器凹槽26的俯视图中)，第二侧向转位间隙90b仅防止了切削刀片22在逆时针方向上的旋转。
Specifically, the first lateral indexing gap 90 aprevents rotation of the cutting insert 22 only in a clockwise direction (in a top view of the holder pocket 26), and the second lateral indexing gap 90 bprevents rotation of the cutting insert 22 only in a counter-clockwise direction.
应理解的是，如果在保持器凹槽26的俯视图(即，图7)中，转位闩锁54延伸超过圆柱内表面PC进入转位间隙84中，则转位间隙84具有位于其中的相应的转位闩锁54。
It should be appreciated that an indexing gap 84 has a respective indexing latch 54 located therein if, in a top view of the holder pocket 26 (i.e. FIG. 7 ), the indexing latch 54 extends beyond the internal cylindrical surface PC into the indexing gap 84.
在这种情况下，转位间隙84被认为被该转位闩锁54占据。
In such case, the indexing gap 84 is considered to be occupied by that indexing latch 54.
同样地，如果从相同的视图看，转位闩锁54不延伸超过圆柱内表面PC进入转位间隙84中，则转位间隙84没有相应的转位闩锁54。
Likewise, an indexing gap 84 is empty of a respective indexing latch 54 if, from the same view, the indexing latch 54 does not extend beyond the internal cylindrical surface PC into the indexing gap 84.
在这种情况下，转位间隙84被认为不被转位闩锁54占据。
In such case, the indexing gap 84 is considered to be unoccupied by an indexing latch 54.
根据本申请的主题的一些实施方式，每个非侧向转位间隙85以及可选地每个侧向转位间隙90(存在时)与相应的转位闩锁54间隔开。
In accordance with some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, each non-lateral indexing gap 85, and optionally each lateral indexing gap 90 when present, is spaced apart from the respective indexing latch 54.
根据本申请的主题的一些实施方式，两个闩锁侧表面56中的至多一个可以抵接间隙表面86。
In accordance with some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, at most one of the two latch side surfaces 56 can abut the gap surface 86.
在所有构造中，每个非侧向转位间隙85以及可选地每个侧向转位间隙90(存在时)可以不成角度地或轴向地夹紧相应的转位闩锁54。
In all configurations, each non-lateral indexing gap 85, and optionally each lateral indexing gap 90 when present, may not angularly or axially clamp the respective indexing latch 54.
在此理解的是，“抵接”并不需要“夹紧”，因此第一部件可以抵接第二部件，而不夹紧第二部件。
It is understood here that “abutting” does not necessitate “clamping” and so a first part may abut a second part without clamping that second part.
在使切削刀片20转位时，切削工具20经由第一中间位置和第二中间位置在两个不同的紧固位置(即，第一紧固位置和第二紧固位置)之间调节。
When indexing the cutting insert 20, the cutting tool 20 is adjusted between two different fastened positions, a first fastened position and a second fastened position, via a first intermediate position and a second intermediate position.
参照图9，从第一紧固位置，固定螺钉28从凹槽螺纹孔78部分旋出。
Referring to FIG. 9, from the first fastened position, the retaining screw 28 is partially unthreaded from the pocket threaded bore 78.
固定螺钉28的径向尺寸小于刀片通孔52的径向尺寸。
The radial dimension of the retaining screw 28 is less than that of the insert through bore 52.