mwirth-epo/epo-nmt-datasets huggingface dataset:
制)进行分散混合，制成含有各种颜料的基础涂料。
24 [0054] Next, dimethyl sulfoxide was used as a liquid medium that does not dissolve the above-described powder to make the crude quinacridone solid solution into a pigment.
将实施例和比较例的各颜料0.8g、前述醇酸-三聚氰胺树脂5.0g、前述稀释剂5.0g和玻璃珠50g投入塑料容器中。
Specifically, 7.0 g of the powder of the crude quinacridone solid solution obtained above and 70.0 g of dimethyl sulfoxide were loaded in a 100-mL separable flask, the temperature was raised to 1050C over 1 hour to perform a heat treatment at the same temperature for 1 hour.
并且，将该混合物用油漆搅拌器分散1小时后，追加前述醇酸-三聚氰胺树脂35.0g和前述稀释剂4.0g，分散10分钟而得到各颜料的分散液。
After the heat-treated mixture was cooled to 700C or lower, the heat-treated mixture was subjected to filtration and washed with hot water and with water until the filtrate became colorless, and drying was then performed at 800C to obtain a powder of a quinacridone solid solution pigment of the present Comparative Example.
将所得的各分散液10.0g和以氧化钛作为主要成分的白墨(商品名：10 SUPER 300 WHITE、NIPPONPAINT Co.
[0055] The pigment obtained above had peaks at 27.3, 13.90, and 5.60 in terms of a value of 20 obtained by powder X-ray diffraction, and it was ascertained the peaks are different from the combination of the peculiar diffraction peaks specified in the present invention.
，Ltd.
In addition, the intensity ratio of these peaks was about 75:about 65:100.
制)20.0g投入塑料容器中，用MAZERUSTAR进行分散混合，制成含有各颜料的浅色涂料。
Moreover, the pigment particles were observed with a transmission electron microscope to find that the average major axis diameter of particles was about 50 nm.
2.展色物的制作和色调评价
This is referred to as comparative quinacridone solid solution pigment 1 or is simply referred to as comparative solid solution pigment 1.
(1)使用6密耳的涂抹器(涂布机)，将所制得的基础涂料展色在展色纸上，将该展色纸在室温下干燥数小时。
[0056]<Comparative Example 2> Two different quinacridone pigments of crude unsubstituted quinacridone and crude 2,9 dimethylquinacridone were mixed in a composition ratio of 7:3 in such a way that the mass ratio was the same as that of the solid solution pigment of Example 1, and then made into a pigment with dimethyl sulfoxide.
针对如此制得的使用含有实施例和比较例的各颜料的涂料进行了展色的展色纸(以下称为原色涂膜)，使用目视观察和测色机来比较评价色调。
Specifically, 7.0 g of a powder of the crude mixed quinacridone and 70.0 g of dimethyl sulfoxide were loaded in a 100-mL separable flask, the temperature was raised to 800C over 30 minutes to perform a heat treatment at the same temperature for 1 hour.
需要说明的是，目视观察是相对评价。
After the heat-treated mixture was cooled to 700C or lower, the heat-treated mixture was subjected to filtration and washed with hot water and with water until the filtrate became colorless, and drying was then performed at 800C to obtain a powder of a quinacridone pigment of the present Comparative Example, the quinacridone pigment being a mixture of two different quinacridone pigments.
(2)使用6密耳的涂抹器，将所制得的浅色涂料展色在展色纸上，将该展色纸在室温下干燥数小时。
In addition, the pigment particles were observed with a transmission electron microscope to find that the average major axis diameter of particles was about 30 nm.
针对如此制得的展色物(以下称为浅色涂膜)的色调，与上述同样进行评价，将其结果示于表1。
This is referred to as comparative quinacridone pigment 2 or is simply referred to as comparative pigment 2.
(3)针对上述制得的实施例1～4以及比较例1、2的原色涂膜和浅色涂膜，分别使用测色机进行测色，并将所得测色值示于表1。
[0057]<Evaluation 1> An original color paint film and a light color paint film were prepared with two types of paints each obtained in the manner as described below using each quinacridone solid solution pigment obtained in each of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 1.
L*为亮度、C*为饱和度，饱和度C*通过√(a*)2+(b*)2来求出。
Subsequently, L*a*b* values of each paint film were measured to evaluate the tint.
1)：无取代喹吖啶酮：2，9-二烷基喹吖啶酮的质量比例
[0058]1.
实施例1与比较例1的不同仅在于未取代喹吖啶酮与2,9-二烷基喹吖啶酮的质量比例不同，但如表1所示那样，尤其是在b*的值方面观察到明显不同。
Preparation of Paint (1) Preparation of Base Paint In a plastic container, 0.8 g of each pigment of Examples and Comparative Examples, 5.0 g of an alkyd melamine resin (trade name: 106-3700 Lacquer Clear Art Clear; manufactured by Isamu Paint Co., Ltd.), 5.0 g of a thinner (trade name: Nippe 2500 Thinner, manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.), which contains toluene, ethyl acetate, and butanol as the main components, and 50.0 g of a glass bead were loaded.
目视观察的结果均一致，但b*的值越小，则表示越发生蓝移而色调变蓝，b*的值越大，则表示色调越偏黄色。
Subsequently, this mixture was dispersed with a paint shaker for 1 hour, 35.0 g of the alkyd-melamine resin and 4.0 g of the thinner were then added, and a resultant mixture was dispersed for 10 minutes to obtain a dispersion liquid of each pigment.
另外，在包含两种喹吖啶酮颜料的混合物的比较例2的比较喹吖啶酮颜料2的情况下，虽然色调呈偏黄色，但可确认到目视观察时的鲜明性明显差于实施例的情况。
In a plastic container, 10.0 g of each dispersion liquid 26 obtained and 20.0 g of the alkyd-melamine resin were loaded, and a resultant mixture was dispersed and mixed with MAZERUSTAR (trade name, manufactured by Kurabo Industries Ltd.) to make a base paint containing each pigment.
将作为品红颜料的实施例1中得到的喹吖啶酮固溶体颜料1 200份、颜料分散剂200份、作为液体介质的二乙二醇单丁醚(别称：二甘醇一丁醚、以下简写为BDG)30份和水340份进行配混，用分散器进行抗絮凝而制备预漆浆。
[0059](2) Preparation of Light Color Paint In a plastic container, 0.8 g of each pigment of Examples and Comparative Examples, 5.0 g of the previously described alkyd-melamine resin, 5.0 g of the previously described thinner, and 50 g of a glass bead were loaded.
上述颜料分散剂中使用数均分子量为7000、酸值为155mgKOH/g的苯乙烯/丙烯酸2-乙基己酯/丙烯酸(质量比：50/30/20)共聚物的氨中和物的水溶液(固体成分为30％)。
Subsequently, this mixture was dispersed with a paint shaker for 1 hour, 35.0 g of the previously described alkyd-melamine resin and 4.0 g of the previously described thinner were added, and a resultant mixture was dispersed for 10 minutes to obtain a dispersion liquid of each pigment.
接着，对于所得预漆浆，使用卧型介质分散机“DYNO-MILL 0.6Liter ECM型”(商品名、Shinmaru Enterprises Corporation制、氧化锆制珠直径为0.3mm)，以7m/秒的圆周速率进行分散处理。
In a plastic container, 10.0 g of each dispersion liquid obtained and 20.0 g of a white ink (trade name: 10 Super 300 White, manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.), which contains titanium oxide as the main component, were loaded, and a resultant mixture was dispersed with MAZERUSTAR to make a light color paint containing each pigment.
分散1小时时结束分散，得到漆浆。
[0060]2.
将所得漆浆用离子交换水进行稀释，使得颜料含量成为15％，接着，进行离心分离处理，得到分散有喹吖啶酮固溶体颜料1的颜料分散液。
Preparation of Colored Products and Evaluation of Hue (1) Each base paint prepared was applied on white paper using a 6-mil applicator(application machine), and this white paper was dried at room temperature for several hours.
并且，将所得颜料分散液用10μm的膜滤器进行过滤，进行添加特定量的离子交换水、防腐剂、甘油，得到颜料浓度为12％的酒红色的颜料分散液1。
Comparative evaluation of the hue was conducted by visual observation and with a colorimeter with respect to each piece of white paper (hereinafter, referred to as original color paint film) thus prepared and colored using the paint containing each pigment of Examples and Comparative Examples.
针对上述得到的酒红色的颜料分散液1，利用粒度测定器“NICOMP 380ZLS-S”(Particle Sizing Systems、PSS公司制)测定平均粒径(25℃)时，平均粒径为126nm。
The results are shown in Table 1.
另外，粘度为4.03mPa·s、表面张力为44.0mN/m、pH为9.6。
It is to be noted that the visual observation is relative evaluation.
表2中总结示于酒红色的颜料分散液1的配比、物性的结果。
[0061](2) Each light color paint prepared was applied on 27 white paper using a 6-mil applicator, and this white paper was dried at room temperature for several hours.
<酒红色的水性颜料分散液2～6的制作>
Evaluation of the hue of each colored product (hereinafter, referred to as light color paint film) thus prepared was also conducted in the same manner as described above, and the results are shown in Table 1.
代替在酒红色的水性颜料分散液1的制作中使用的喹吖啶酮固溶体颜料1，分别使用实施例和比较例中得到的喹吖啶酮固溶体颜料2～4、比较喹吖啶酮固溶体颜料1、比较喹吖啶酮颜料2，除此之外与酒红色的水性颜料分散液1同样操作，得到酒红色的颜料分散液2～6。
[0062](3) The colorimetric values each obtained by colorimetric measurement using a colorimeter with respect to the original color paint films and light color paint films of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, each prepared above, are shown in Table 1.
表2中总结示出颜料分散液2～6的配比、物性的结果。
On that occasion, the colorimetric measurement was conducted using CM-3600d (trade name, manufactured by Konica Minolta, Inc.), which is a spectrophotometer.
表2：酒红色的颜料分散液的配比和物性
L* represents brightness, C* represents chroma, and the chroma C* was determined by 4 (a*) 2 + (b*) 2.
1)：无取代喹吖啶酮：2，9-二烷基喹吖啶酮的质量比例
13 C CD 2 O D D Dt D (D (D m U 0 fl C a aaa (D 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 fl n2 t It r1- r1 r1 r1 r 1 r1 Q~~I It OOO rtt Itr CD CCD D 0f 0 It I- rt rt rt rtrtr (D 0 0D if 0 0 0 2D 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 E U-12 (D (D ItI tItI tI It It 0 0 0 0 0 0 0) 0) o) 0) 0) 0) O CD C2 O CD NcD c O M cn Nm cD m cD O~ 0O Om O vs 01 O 0 O GO f o f 01 0 01 0 o 2 vs 01 0D 0) vs wc vs c s O v "00 i -2 01) if) 0 1 vs 0 )v O O -D (D (D (D ( 0 01 ( (D 0 02 ~ - 01 02 01 02 01 02 01 02 o o0 0 0 0 0 H C :2E :2E 29 [0064] The difference between Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 is only the difference in the mass ratio of the unsubstituted quinacridone to the 2,9 dialkylquinacridone, but as shown in Table 1, a large difference was recognized in the b* value in particular.
所述胶粘层中的纤丝优选地至少可以包括双组分纤丝，其可以是单丝/单丝型，或者是鞘/芯型，其中芯优选地为PET，而鞘是coPET。
The present special embodiment leads to a stronger non-woven layer, as compared to a non-woven layer which is obtained by e.g. meltblowing only.
在替代方案中，胶粘衬底可以包含PET纤丝和coPET纤丝，所述纤丝可以是混合的。
Meltblowing generally leads to small filament size.
优选地，所述胶粘层中的所述纤丝包括具有圆形截面或者多叶片，优选三叶形截面的纤丝。
In any case, said primary backing preferably is at least subjected to through-air bonding in order to bind the web of said primary backing.
优选地，所述coPET在所述胶粘层中以至少20重量百分比或至少25重量百分比，如至少50重量百分比，甚至至少60重量百分比如至少75重量百分比的量可用。
The through-air bonding technique involves passing hot air through an unbonded web to at least partially melt the polymer fibers, e.g. at least part of the lower melting coPET.
优选地，所述胶粘层基本上或完全由PET-coPET比在85/15至15/85之间，如80/20至20/80之间，甚至75/25至25/75之间，或者15:85至25:75之间，优选地约20:80的双组分纤丝提供。
Preferably said primary backing is essentially or wholly built from bicomponent filaments having a ratio of PET-coPET between 75:25 and 85:15, preferably about 80:20.
优选地，所述胶粘层中的所述纤丝具有小于5dpf(0.556tpf)，优选3dpf(0.333tpf)或更小的尺寸。
Preferably said filaments in said primary backing have a size higher than 4 dpf (denier per filament or grams per 9000 meters of the individual filament), preferably 6 or 8 dpf or larger.
在该实施方式中，簇绒过程中对刺孔的耐受性最小化，并且由于簇绒过程，胶粘层的设计不受限制。
The larger weight per filaments makes for a higher tenacity per filament, and hence a higher tenacity for the primary backing.
例如，避免了作为非织物层提供的胶粘层中低强度的任何问题。
The inventor has noted that this adds to the strength in the machine and cross directions of the non-woven layer.
由于其低PET含量，胶粘层很大程度上是固有脆弱的。
The resistance to puncture while tufting is minimized, while strength after needling, or even after tufting, is maintained to a large extent.
根据第二可能性，在所述初级衬底的相关部分簇绒之前，将所述胶粘层应用至初级衬底，其中簇绒步骤包括将纱线至少簇绒到所述初级衬底和所述胶粘层中。
According to a variant said filaments in said primary backing have a size of 2 dpf or lower.
就无纺胶粘层来说，高coPET量改善胶粘层中的蓬松度，这在簇绒机中是有利的。
Because of a lower weight per filament, more filaments per unit area may be available in the primary backing, and then in this way a higher tenacity is reached.
优选地，在该实施方式中，为了使胶粘层中的蓬松度最大化，胶粘层由例如未压实的纺粘双组分纤丝的非织物层组成。
Preferably said glue layer is a woven or non-woven layer comprising filaments of PET (polyethyleneterephthalate) and coPET (copolymer of polyethyleneterephthalate), wherein the CoPET has a lower melting temperature than the PET and wherein said PET is available in said glue layer in a lower amount than said coPET.
然而，优选地，在所述第一可能性以及在所述第二可能性中，将所述胶粘层应用在所述初级衬底的底部；即大地毯或小地毯的底侧，其将面对大地毯或小地毯下方的底面。
The filaments in said glue layer preferably at least comprise bicomponent filaments, which may be of the homo/homo type, or of the sheath/core type, wherein the core is preferably PET, while the sheath is coPET.
优选地，所述胶粘层和所述初级衬底在激活所述胶粘层的所述步骤中彼此结合。
Preferably said filaments in said glue layer comprise filaments have a circular cross-section, or a multilobal, preferably trilobal, cross-section.
优选地，在本发明的上下文中使用的coPET是熔融温度在120-240℃，优选140-160℃的范围内的PET。
Preferably said PET is available in said glue layer in an amount of 40 weight percent or less, or 25 weight percent or less.
优选地，所述coPET的玻璃化转变温度低于35℃。
Preferably, said coPET is available in said glue layer in an amount of at least 60 weight percent or at least 75 weight percent.
用于在初级衬底和/或胶粘层中使用的可能的coPET组分是用二醇或二酸如分别被环己烷二甲醇或间苯二甲酸修饰的PET。
Preferably said glue layer is a non-woven layer provided by means of spunbonding technology.
本发明人通过由EMS-Chemie AG公司以商品名EMS Griltex D 1387E或EMS Griltex D1848E商品化的coPET获得了良好结果。
Preferably said glue layer is essentially or wholly built from bicomponent filaments having a ratio of PET-coPET between 15:85 and 25:75, preferably about 20:80.
优选地，将聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯/间苯二酸乙二醇酯共聚物用于coPET，例如，间苯二酸酯/对苯二甲酸酯的摩尔比为约20至40％。
Preferably the spunbonded filaments of said glue layer are uncompacted.
优选地，所述胶粘层具有至少85克/平方米或者至少2.5oz/yd2，并且优选至少135克/平方米或者至少4oz/yd2的表面重量。
Compaction and/or calendaring of the glue layer has a risk of lowering loft.
在其中将胶粘层作为非织物层，例如，由纺粘双组分纤丝组成的非织物层应用的情况下，该胶粘层允许纱线在初级衬底上充分固定，同时维持胶粘层中的蓬松度。
It is noted that the high coPET/PET ratio in a bicomponent fiber for the glue layer leads to bulky filaments, which are advantageous for the glue layer.
优选地，所述初级衬底具有至少100克/平方米或至少3oz/yd2的表面重量。
Preferably said filaments in said glue layer have a size smaller than 5 dpf, preferably 3 dpf or smaller.
根据该实施方式，初级衬底具有适当的强度以允许初始纱线保持。
The glue layer and the primary backing may be combined in accordance with several possibilities therefor.
方便地，所述初级衬底还可以包括例如0.1至1wt％的量的润滑剂，例如，硅酮或酯。
In accordance with a first possibility, said glue layer is applied to the primary backing after the relevant part of said primary backing has been tufted.
这种润滑剂可以在针刺期间或在簇绒期间提高纤丝的可移动性，即最小化纤丝断裂，从而在针刺后或甚至在簇绒后，在很大程度上维持强度。
In this embodiment the resistance to puncturing in the tufting process is minimized and the design of the glue layer is not restricted due to the tufting process.
在其中胶粘层是织物层或非织物层的情况下，所述胶粘层也可以得益于包括相同或类似的量即0.1至1wt％的润滑剂。
For example, any problems with a low strength in a glue layer provided as a non-woven layer are obviated.
在其中胶粘层和初级衬底的复合材料簇绒的情况下，润滑可以提高蓬松度，这导致更流畅的簇绒操作。
The glue layer is mostly inherently weak due to its lower PET content.
根据胶粘层其它重要的可能性，至少作为包含所述coPET的粉末或者作为coPET的粉末提供所述胶粘层。
In accordance with a second possibility, said glue layer is applied to the primary backing before the relevant part of said primary backing is tufted, wherein the step of tufting comprises tufting yarn into at least said primary backing and said glue layer.
显然，除所述coPET和PET之外，所述胶粘层可以包含非聚合内容物，如非聚合的填充材料，优选沙、白垩和/或其它矿物材料。
The primary backing and said glue layer are then afterwards thermally fused to bind the yarn tufts.
根据另一种具体实施方式，可以以液体形式，例如，通过喷涂液体coPET来应用所述胶粘层。
In this embodiment a better eventual fixing of the yarn may be obtained since the glue layer is incorporated in the tufted fabric.
这种液体胶或液体coPET可以得自含有胶或coPET的熔融颗粒。
In the case of a non-woven glue layer, a high coPET amount improves loft in the glue layer, which is advantageous in the tufting machine.
根据本发明的具体实施方式，填充材料可以散布或分散到液体胶或coPET中以增加重量，或者可以首先应用填充材料，然后通过喷涂液体胶进行粘附，或者两者。
Preferably, in such embodiment, the glue layer consists of a non-woven layer of, e.g. spunbonded, bicomponent filaments which are uncompacted, with the aim of maximizing the loft in the glue layer.
优选地，所述胶粘层的纺粘纤丝是未压实的。
According to a special embodiment of this possibility said glue layer is applied on top of said primary backing.
胶粘层的压实和/或压延具有降低蓬松度的风险。
Although it may be more difficult to supply enough energy to obtain sufficient fixing of the yarn in such case, such embodiment is not excluded.
在核心层28包括乙烯乙烯醇或聚酰胺的实施例中，中间层26可为连接层以促进核心层28与密封剂层22或外层24之间的粘附，尤其当那些层主要由聚乙烯和/或聚丙烯形成时。
All individual density values and subranges from 0.900 to 0.925 g/cm3 are included herein and disclosed herein; for example, the density of the ethylene-based polymer can be from an upper limit of 0.925, 0.922, or 0.920 g/cm3 and a lower limit of 0.900, 0.905, 0.910 g/cm3.
在一些此类实施例中，中间层26可包括顺丁烯二酸酐接枝的聚乙烯或已知适用作连接层的其它官能化树脂。
All individual melt index values and subranges from 0.25 to 5.0 g/10 min are included herein and disclosed herein; for example, the melt index of the third ethylene-based polymer can be from an upper limit of 5.0, 3.0, 2.0, or 1.0 g/10 minutes and a lower limit of 0.25, 0.4, 0.6, or 0.7 g/10 min.
顺丁烯二酸酐接枝的聚乙烯的适合市售实例为来自陶氏化学公司(密歇根州米德兰)的AMPLIFYTMTY 1352，并且也可使用所属领域中的技术人员已知的其它聚乙烯。
Examples of the core layer 28 having the disclosed properties include those commercially available from The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI including, for example, INNATE™ ST50.
多层膜20的层中的一个或多个可包括丙烯类聚合物。
In some embodiments of multilayer structures where barrier properties are important, the core layer 28 may also or alternatively comprise ethylene vinyl alcohol, a polyamide, or combinations thereof.
丙烯类聚合物的实例可包含可购自以下的丙烯类聚合物：密歇根州米德兰陶氏化学公司，包含INTUNETM；得克萨斯州休斯顿利安德巴塞尔(LyondellBasell，Houston，TX)，包含Moplen EP310D；和奥地利维也纳北欧化工(BorealisAG，Vienna，Austria)，包含BorpactBC918CF。
Examples of the ethylene vinyl alcohol forming the core layer 28 may include those commercially available from Kuraray America, Houston, TX including, for example, EVAL H171B, as well as others known to those of skill in the art.
如所公开，多层膜20可包括形成多层膜20的层数和每一层的组成的变化形式。
The polyamide may be any known to those skilled in the art as being useful for providing barrier properties.
％的乙烯类聚合物。
The ethylene vinyl alcohol or polyamide provides oxygen and/or water vapor barrier properties.
即，当组合在一起时每一层的各种组成包括至少90wt.
In embodiments where the core layer 28 comprises ethylene vinyl alcohol or polyamide, the intermediate layers 26 may be tie layers to facilitate adhesion between the core layer 28 and the sealant layer 22 or external layer 24, particularly when those layers are formed primarily from polyethylene and/or polypropylene.
％的乙烯类聚合物。
In some such embodiments, the intermediate layer 26 may comprise a maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene or other functionalized resins that are known to be useful as tie layers.
在各种其它实施例中，多层膜20包括至少92wt.
A suitable commercial example of the maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene is AMPLIFY™ TY 1352 from The Dow Chemical Company (Midland, MI), and others known to those of skill in the art can also be used.
％、至少95wt.
One or more of the layers of the multilayer film 20 may comprise a propylene-based polymer.
％、至少97wt.
Examples of the propylene-based polymer may include those commercially available from The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI including INTUNE™; LyondellBasell, Houston, TX including Moplen EP310D; and BorealisAG, Vienna, Austria including BorpactBC918CF.
％、至少99wt.
As disclosed, the multilayer film 20 may comprise a variation in the number of layers forming the multilayer film 20 and the composition of each layer.
％、至少99.5wt.
In one or more embodiments, the multilayer film 20 as a whole comprises 90 wt.% or more of ethylene-based polymers based on the total weight of the multilayer film 20.
％、至少99.9wt.
That is the various compositions of each layer when combined together comprise at least 90 wt.% of ethylene-based polymers.
％或至少99.95wt.
In various further embodiments, the multilayer film 20 comprises at least 92 wt.%, at least 95 wt.%, at least 97 wt.%, at least 99 wt.%, at least 99.5 wt.%, at least 99.9 wt.%, or at least 99.95 wt.% of ethylene-based polymers.
应理解，多层膜20可大体上包括100％乙烯类聚合物。
It will be appreciated that the multilayer film 20 may substantially comprise 100% ethylene-based polymers.
出于本发明的目的，“大体上包括100％乙烯类聚合物”意指所述膜为100％乙烯类聚合物，但其中有痕量杂质或污染物。
For purposes of this disclosure "substantially comprise 100% ethylene-based polymers" means that the film is 100% ethylene-based polymers except for trace impurities or contaminants.
参照图4，多层结构40可包括层压结构。
With reference to FIG. 4, the multilayer structures 40 may comprise a laminated structure.
在一个或多个实施例中，可将第一多层膜层压到第二多层膜上以形成层压结构。
In one or more embodiments, a first multilayer film may be laminated to a second multilayer film to form the laminated structure.
出于说明目的，图4中的多层结构40显示层压到上文结合图2论述的多层膜20的第二膜30。
For illustrative purposes, the multilayer structure 40 in FIG. 4 shows a second film 30 being laminated to the multilayer film 20 discussed above in connection with FIG. 2.
层压膜可通过挤出涂布/层压或粘附层压来制备。
Laminated film can be prepared either by extrusion coating/lamination or adhesive lamination.
挤出涂布或层压为用于制造封装材料的技术。
Extrusion coating or lamination is a technique for producing packaging materials.
与铸造膜类似，挤出涂布为平模技术。
Similar to cast film, extrusion coating is a flat die technique.
可根据例如USP 4,339,507中所述的方法将膜以单层或共挤出的挤出物的形式挤涂到衬底上。
A film can be extrusion coated onto a substrate either in the form of a monolayer or a coextruded extrudate according to, for example, the processes described in USP 4,339,507.
利用多个挤出机或使多个衬底通过挤出涂布系统数次可产生多个聚合物层，每一聚合物层提供某种性能属性，无论其为阻挡性、韧性，还是经改进的热粘性或热封性。
Utilizing multiple extruders or by passing the various substrates through the extrusion coating system several times can result in multiple polymer layers each providing some sort of performance attribute whether it be barrier, toughness, or improved hot tack or heat sealability.
在如图4所描绘的一个或多个实施例中，第二膜30可包括多层结构40。
In one or more embodiments as depicted in FIG. 4, the second film 30 may comprise a multilayer structure 40.
因此，第二膜30可包括层压层32、表层34和一个或多个中心层36。
As such, the second film 30 may comprise a lamination layer 32, a surface layer 34, and one or more central layers 36.
可利用胶粘剂250将层压层32粘附到多层膜20的外层24来形成多层结构40。
The lamination layer 32 may be adhered to the external layer 24 of the multilayer film 20 with an adhesive 250 forming a multilayer structure 40.
多层结构40可包括根据以下的布置：位于中心的密封剂层22；一个或多个中间层26，其中任选的核心层28安置在各中间层26之间；外层24；胶粘剂层；层压层32；一个或多个中心层36和表层34。
The multilayer structure 40 may comprise an arrangement in accordance with: the centrally located sealant layer 22, one or more intermediate layers 26 with optional core layers 28 disposed between intermediate layers 26, the external layer 24, an adhesive layer, the lamination layer 32, the one or more central layers 36, and the surface layer 34.
在一些实施例中，层压层32、表层34和一个或多个中心层36中的每一个可包括乙烯类聚合物、丙烯类聚合物或其混合物。
Each of the lamination layer 32, the surface layer 34, and the one or more central layers 36 may comprise an ethylene-based polymer, a propylene-based polymer, or a mixture thereof in some embodiments.
在一个或多个实施例中，第二膜30包括一个或多个层，所述层包括密度为0.940至0/970g/cm3并且熔融指数(I2)为0.5至5.0g/10分钟的第四乙烯类聚合物。
In one or more embodiments, the second film 30 comprises one or more layers comprising a fourth ethylene-based polymer having a density from 0.940 to 0/970 g/cm3 and a melt index (I2) from 0.5 to 5.0 g/10 mins.
应理解，第二膜30的独立层中的每一个可包括不同并且独特的组成。
It will be appreciated that each of the individual layers of the second film 30 may comprise different and distinct compositions.
如所指示，第四乙烯类聚合物的密度可为0.940至0.970g/cm3。
As indicated, the fourth ethylene-based polymer may have a density from 0.940 to 0.970 g/cm3.
0.940至0.970g/cm3的所有单个值和子范围均包含于本文中并公开于本文中；例如，第四乙烯类聚合物的密度可为从0.970、0.960或0.950g/cm3的上限至0.940、0.945或0.950g/cm3的下限。
All individual values and subranges from 0.940 to 0.970 g/cm3 are included herein and disclosed herein; for example, the density of the fourth ethylene-based polymer can be from an upper limit of 0.970, 0.960, or 0.950 g/cm3 and a lower limit of 0.940, 0.945, or 0.950 g/cm3.
如所指示，根据ASTM D 1238所测量，第四乙烯类聚合物的熔融指数(I2)可为0.5至5.0g/10分钟。
As indicated, the fourth ethylene-based polymer may have a melt index (I2) measured according to ASTM D 1238 of 0.5 to 5.0 g/10 min.
0.5至5.0g/10分钟的所有单个值和子范围均包含于本文中并公开于本文中；例如，第四乙烯类聚合物的熔融指数可为从5.0、4.5、4.0、3.5或3.0g/10分钟的上限至0.5、0.7、0.9或1.1g/10分钟的下限。
All individual values and subranges from 0.5 to 5.0 g/10 min are included herein and disclosed herein; for example, the melt index of the fourth ethylene-based polymer can be from an upper limit of 5.0, 4.5, 4.0, 3.5, or 3.0 g/10 minutes and a lower limit of 0.5, 0.7, 0.9, or 1.1 g/10 min.
1.一种向玉米田提供农业组合物的方法，所述方法包括使用包括用于施加所述农业组合物的施料机的地面农用运输车从上方将所述农业组合物施加于所述玉米田上，其中所述玉米田的玉米植株包含小于或等于2.2米的平均高度，并且其中至少50％的所述玉米植株处于V12阶段或后期。
A method of providing an agricultural composition to a corn field comprising applying said agricultural composition on said corn field from above using a ground-based agricultural vehicle comprising an applicator for applying said agricultural composition, wherein the corn plants of said corn field comprise an average height of less than or equal to 2.2 meters, and wherein at least 50% of said corn plants are at V12 stage or later.