mwirth-epo/epo-nmt-datasets huggingface dataset:
参照本附图，处理块150可包括主体151、收集口155及排放槽159。
Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, the handling block 150 may include a body 151, a collection port 155, and a discharge groove 159.
主体151大致可具有圆筒形状。
The body 151 may have a generally cylindrical shape.
具体地说，主体151可包括连接部152和接触部153。
Specifically, the body 151 may include a connection portion 152 and a contact portion 153.
连接部152位于主体151的上部，成为与次要部分116连接的对象。
The connection portion 152 is located in an upper portion of the body 151 and connected to the sub portion 116.
接触部153位于主体151的下部，是与诊断对象的手指或者与诊断设备的吸收垫接触的部分。
The contact portion 153, which is located in a lower portion of the body 151, is a part that is brought into contact with a finger of a subject to be diagnosed or the absorption pad of the diagnostic device.
接触部153可具有距离连接部152越远剖面面积越小的形状。
The contact portion 153 may have a gradually smaller cross-sectional area as being farther away from the connection portion 152.
据此，接触部153下端153’的宽度小于连接部152上端152’的宽度。
Thus, a width of a lower end 153′ of the contact portion 153 is smaller than that of an upper end 152′ of the connection portion 152.
通过这种接触部153的锥形形状，在接触部153接触于流血的手指时，可将沾在接触部153底面的血液量最小化，而非收集口155。
Due to the tapered shape of the contact portion 153, when the contact portion 153 is in contact with a finger from which blood is drawn, it is possible to minimize an amount of blood that is contact with the bottom of the contact portion 153 rather than the collection port 155.
结果，通过收集口155按照设定的量可准确调整从诊断对象收集的血液量，因此可将每次采血时的血液量偏差最小化。
As a result, it is possible to accurately adjust an amount of blood collected from the subject to be diagnosed to an amount set by the collection port 155, thereby minimizing a deviation in the amount of blood collected each time.
收集口155是以上下方向贯通主体151形成的开放的槽。
The collection port 155 is an open groove formed to pass through the body 151 in a vertical direction.
具体地说，收集口155可从接触部153的下端153’至连接部152的上端152’连续形成。
Specifically, the collection port 155 may be continuously formed from the lower end 153′ of the contact portion 153 to the upper end 152′ of the connection portion 152.
如此，从下端153’朝向上端152’的方向可定义收集方向H。
The direction from the lower end 153′ to the upper end 152′ may be defined as a collection direction H.
收集口155可具有从接触部153沿着收集方向H到连接部152剖面面积越来越小的形状。
The collection port 155 may have a gradually smaller cross-sectional area from the contact portion 153 to the connection portion 152 along the collection direction H. Thus, a width W1of the lower end 153′ is larger than a width W2of the upper end 152′.
据此，下端153’的宽度W1大于上端152’的宽度W2。
According to this configuration, when blood is collected due to the action of the capillary force, the collection port 155 has a gradually smaller capillary force as being closer to the upper end 152′ along the collection direction (H).
通过这种结构，收集口155通过毛细管力的作用收集血液的情况下，与沿着收集方向H向上端152’侧毛细管力越来越小相对应缩小收集口155的宽度，进而提高毛细管力，可将血液移动至上端152’。
To cope therewith, the width of the collection port 155 is reduced to supplement the capillary force so that the blood may move up to the upper end 152′.
排放槽159是在向诊断设备的吸收垫排放在收集口155收集到的血液时容易排放的结构。
The discharge groove 159 is configured to facilitate the discharging of the blood collected in the collection port 155 to the absorption pad of the diagnostic device.
这种排放槽159在接触部153中也可形成在下端153’侧。
The discharge groove 159 may be formed in the lower end 153′ of the contact portion 153.
关于排放槽159的结构将参照图4进行说明。
The configuration of the discharge groove 159 will be described with reference to FIG. 4.
参照本附图，排放槽159凹陷形成在接触部153下端153’的状态下连通于收集口155的下部。
Referring to FIG. 4, the discharge groove 159 is concavely formed in the lower end 153′ of the contact portion 153 in communication with a lower portion of the collection port 155.
具体地说，排放槽159可具有从收集口155的中心以放射状延伸的形状。
Specifically, the discharge groove 159 may extend radially from the center of the collection port 155.
这种排放槽159结构性地扩大收集口155下部的剖面面积。
The discharge groove 159 structurally increases a cross-sectional area of the lower portion of the collection port 155.
据此，在收集口155收集的血液中扩大了与吸收垫接触的面积，因此可促进从收集口155向吸收垫排放血液。
Accordingly, it is possible to increase an area in which the blood collected in the collection port 155 is in contact with the absorption pad, thereby promoting the discharging of the blood from the collection port 155 to the absorption pad.
对于另一形状的血液收集单元200将参照图5至图6进行说明。
Another form of unit 200 for collecting blood will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6.
图5是本发明的另一实施例的血液收集单元200的剖面图；图6是图5的血液收集单元200的仰视图。
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the unit 200 for collecting blood according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a bottom view of the unit 200 for collecting blood of FIG. 5.
参照本附图，本实施例的血液收集单元200具有与上述实施例的血液收集单元100大致相同的结构。
Referring to FIGS. 5 and 6, the unit 200 for collecting blood according to the present exemplary embodiment generally has the same configuration as the unit 100 for collecting blood according to the previous exemplary embodiment.
据此，血液收集单元200具有手把210及处理块250。
Thus, the unit 200 for collecting blood has a handle 210 and a handling block 250.
据此，收集口255的长度延长，因此在该收集口255收集到的血液的量变高。
The handling block 250 has a height greater than that of the above-described handling block 150, and thereby, a collection port 255 is longer and a larger amount of blood is collected therein.
所以，在上述的实施例中，如果收集口155是用于收集10μl的血液的，则在本实施例中收集口255可以是用于收集20μl的血液的。
When the collection port 155 in the previous exemplary embodiment is for collecting 10 μl of blood, the collection port 255 in the present exemplary embodiment may be for collecting 20 μl of blood.
由于需要血液上升移动的距离延长，因此相比于下端253’的宽度上端252’宽度可比上述的实施例更小。
Due to an increase in a distance of upward movement of blood, a width of an upper end 252′ relative to that of a lower end 253′ may be smaller when compared to that in the previous exemplary embodiment.
通过这种结构，血液上升至比上述的实施例更高的高度，可在收集口255收集到更多量的血液。
According to this configuration, blood rises to a height greater than that in the previous exemplary embodiment, and a larger amount of blood may be collected in the collection port 255.
在这种收集口255收集到的血液也通过排放槽259以更加大的面积接触于吸湿垫，进而可向吸收垫更加流畅地排放血液。
The blood collected in the collection port 255 may also be smoothly discharged to the absorption pad through the discharge groove 259, while being in contact with the absorption pad in a larger area.
如上所述的血液收集单元不限于以上说明的实施例的结构和运行方式。
The above-described units for collecting blood are not limited to the configurations and the operation methods of the exemplary embodiments described above.
上述的实施例也可选择性组合各个实施例的全部或者一部分进行各种变形。
Each of the above-described exemplary embodiments may also be combined either partially or entirely in a selective manner so that various modifications may be made.
本发明涉及一系列基于3-香豆素酮的新颖的可聚合化合物，其可用作光引发剂和光敏剂。
The present invention relates to a series of novel polymerizable compounds based on 3-ketocoumarins, which are useful as photoinitiators and sensitizers, to compositions comprising said compounds and to a process for photopolymerizing comprising them.
可辐射固化的涂料中使用的光引发剂需要具有较高的固化速度，特别是要有良好的表面固化、低气味、良好溶解性和低黄化性。
Photoinitiators used in radiation curable coatings need to have good cure speed, in particular good surface curing, low odor, good solubility and low yellowing.
在该领域使用的光辐射源中，发光二极管(LED)作为一种半导体光源在过去几年中已成为重要的研究课题，因为与常规中压水银弧固化灯相比，LED具有工作温度低和极长的使用寿命的优点。
Among the light radiation sources used in this field, light emitting diodes (LED), a semiconductor light source, have been the subject of significant development over the past few years because of the advantages of low temperature operation and extremely long life in comparison with conventional medium pressure mercury arc curing lamps.
LED灯之所以具有优势，是因为其LED单元具有减小的固有尺寸、使用寿命长、坚固耐用以及易于加工(例如商业印刷系统中易于工程加工)的能力。
LED lamps are advantageous because of the inherently small size of LED units, their longer lifetime, their robustness and their ability to be easily engineered, for example into commercial printing systems.
当光固化油墨和涂料使用LED灯时，需要使用选定的光引发剂系统，所述光引发剂系统被调整至该光源的光的波长。
When using LED lamps to photocure inks and coatings, it is necessary to use selected photoinitiator systems that are tuned to the wavelength of this light source.
通常，水银弧光灯的多色发射光谱覆盖200至450nm的UV-可见光谱的全部区域，但通常LED灯仅具有365-420nm范围内的单个发射带。
While Mercury arc lamps typically have a polychromatic emission spectrum, emitting light in all regions of the UV-visible spectrum from 200 to 450 nm, LED lamps usually have only a single emission band in the range 365-420 nm.
因此吸收365至420nm范围的光的光引发剂有必要充分利用最新开发的高功率LED。
Photoinitiators, absorbing in the region between 365 nm and 420 nm, are thus required to make full use of the recent development of LEDs with increasing power.
此外，由于LED应用通常需要高浓度的光活性物质，光引发剂应该要与光聚合系统高度相容。
Moreover, since high concentration of photoactive substance are usually required for LED applications, the photoinitiators should have a high compatibility with the photopolymerizable system.
噻吨酮，例如异丙基噻吨酮(ITX)及其衍生物，以及酰基氧化膦是通常被应用于本领域中的光引发剂。
Thioxanthones, such as isopropyl thioxanthone (ITX) and its derivatives, and acyl phosphine oxides are photoinitiators commonly used in this field.
不幸的是，噻吨酮衍生物通常同时用作光引发剂和光敏剂，这类化合物暴露于光后会发生黄化并产生稳定性差的降解产物。
Unfortunately, the thioxanthone derivatives commonly used both as photoinitiators and sensitizers are prone to yellowing upon exposure, thereby forming degradation products with limited stability.
结果，开始时的变黄可能会随着存储时间的推移而发生不可预测的变化。
As a result, the original yellowing can shift unpredictably upon storage.
这种不稳定的黄化行为尤其在成像，例如在喷墨印刷图像时难以控制最终图像的色调。
Especially in imaging, e.g. inkjet printing, this unstable yellowing behavior makes quite difficult the control of the image tone in the final image.
另一方面，酰基氧化膦引发剂产生中等挥发性降解产物醛，因此在固化涂料或印刷图像产生不可接受的背景气味。
Acyl phosphine oxides initiators, on the other hand, result in medium volatile aldehyde type of degradation products, producing a background smell of the cured coatings or the printed.
此外，当可辐射固化的组合物用于食品包装、玩具或牙科应用时，光引发剂的残留物或降解产物量能够从固化涂料扩散到周围介质中(迁移)，这是一个主要问题。
Moreover when radiation curable compositions are used for food packaging, toys or dental applications, the amount of residues or degradation products of photoinitiators able to diffuse out of the cured coating into the surrounding medium (migration) it's a critical issue.
低分子量化合物通常不能完全内置在聚合物网络中，并且容易被提取或从固化组合物扩散出去。
Low molecular weight compounds are usually not completely built into the polymer network and are prone to be extracted or to diffuse out of the cured composition.
因此，有需要而且一直在努力设计不易从固化组合物扩散出去或者从固化组合物被提取的光引发剂。
Therefore, there is a need and a continuous effort to design photoinitiators having a reduced tendency to migrate out or to be extracted of the cured composition.
例如，WO2005014677(Ciba)和KR20090108154(LG Chemical Ltd.
One approach to overcome these problems is to use photoinitiators which contain an ethylenically unsaturated moiety; for example, WO2005014677 (Ciba) and KR20090108154 (LG Chemical Ltd.) describe derivatives of 3-ketocoumarins with a (meth)acrylated function.
烯属不饱和基团可使光引发剂在固化过程中掺入聚合物结构中。
The ethylenically unsaturated group enables the photoinitiator to be incorporated into the polymeric structure, during the curing process.
不幸的是，所要求保护的化合物在LED波长没有展示必要的反应性。
Unfortunately, the claimed compounds do not show the necessary reactivity at LED wavelength.
一种替代方法是使用分子尺寸较大的光引发剂，其被封堵在固化产物中的可能性增大，因此可迁移和/或可提取的降解产物的含量降低。
An alternative approach is to use photoinitiators of increased molecular size, which have an increased probability to be blocked into the cured products, resulting in reduced levels of migratable and/or extractable degradation products.
PCT/US2013/052184(Sun Chemical Corporation)中公开了这种技术方案。
This solution is disclosed in PCT/US2013/052184 (Sun Chemical Corporation).
然而，这类光引发剂非常容易失去其反应性。
However, these photoinitiators have a strong tendency to lose reactivity.
因此，为了达到所需的固化速度，通常需要大量的这些光引发剂，因此大量使用可辐射固化的组合物(例如喷墨印刷)也将粘度增大到不希望的水平。
Hence, often considerable amounts of these photoinitiators are required in order to reach the desired curing speed, thereby also increasing the viscosity to an undesirable level for a great number of applications of radiation curable compositions, such as e.g. inkjet printing.
此外，当非丙烯酸酯功能材料的浓度超过10-12％时，它们开始表现为增塑剂或者将固化膜的交联密度降低到损害其机械性能的程度。
Moreover above a concentration of 10-12% non-acrylate functional materials either start to behave as plasticizers or just reduce the crosslink density of the cured film to a point where its mechanical properties are impaired.
这意味着持续有需要其它光引发剂，其与可辐射固化涂料系统的相互作用有所改善。
That means that there continues to be a demand for other photoinitiators having improved interactions with radiation-curable coating systems.
发明人已经发现一系列基于3-香豆素酮的新颖的可聚合化合物，其具有良好的溶解性、高反应性、低黄化性，获得的固化产物具有极低气味，并且极低的迁移和/或被提取的倾向性。
We have now discovered a series of novel polymerizable compounds based on 3-ketocoumarins which have good solubility, high reactivity, low yellowing and give cured products which have extremely low odor and a very low tendency to migrate and/or to be extracted.
本领域技术人员已知，为了使光引发剂适合于引发丙烯酸酯和/或甲基丙烯酸酯单体和低聚物的交联，光引发剂和/或在紫外光下通过光解产生的自由基必须具有一定的迁移性，并且能够扩散以能够引发所述丙烯酸酯和甲基丙烯酸酯单体和低聚物的聚合。
It is known to those skilled in the art that, for a photoinitiator to be suitable to initiate crosslinking of acrylate and/or methacrylate monomers and oligomers, the photoinitiator and/or the radicals produced by photolysis under ultraviolet light must have some mobility and be able to diffuse to be able to initiate polymerization of said acrylate and methacrylate monomers and oligomers.
因此，已知的是，分子量和尺寸较大的光引发剂的反应性比相关的较小分子慢。
Thus, photoinitiators of larger molecular weight and size are known to be slower in reactivity than related smaller molecules.
尽管这是不利的，但是较大分子量的光引发剂可能存在补偿特征，例如光引发剂不能迁移以扩散出包含光引发剂和/或其光解产物的涂覆组件。
While this is a disadvantage, there may be compensating features concerning the larger molecular weight photoinitiators, such as the lack of migration of the photointiator to diffuse out of a coated assembly comprising the photoinitiator and/or its photolysis products.
令人惊讶的是，发明人发现新的可聚合香豆素酮显示出与前文描述的较小的香豆素酮光引发剂分子相当的反应性。
Surprisingly, we have discovered that the new polymerizable ketocoumarins demonstrate comparable reactivity to the smaller ketocoumarin photoinitiator molecules previously described.
(发明人已经将以上内容移到实验部分)
(we have moved the above in the experimental section)
本发明涉及一类新颖的可聚合光引发剂和制备所述光引发剂的方法，所述可聚合光引发剂特别适用于符合食品要求的可辐射固化组合物。
The present invention relates to a new class of polymerizable photoinitiators, especially suitable for food compliant radiation curable compositions and methods for preparing said photoinitiators.
本发明的化合物包括基于多羟基/聚烷氧基聚合物的聚合物核，该聚合物核化学键合至一个或多个衍生自3-香豆素酮的基团并含有至少一个烯键式不饱和键。
The compounds of the present invention comprise a polymeric core based on polyhydroxy/polyalcoxy polymeric compound, which is chemically bonded to one or more groups derived from 3-ketocoumarins and containing at least an ethylenically unsaturated bond.
根据本发明的一方面，本发明的目的是通式(I)所示的可聚合光引发剂(I)：
According to one of its aspects, an object of the present invention is a polymerizable photoinitiator of Formula (I):
G是任选的烷氧基化多羟基化合物的残基；
G is a residue of an optionally alkoxylated polyhydroxy compound;
m、n和p是数字，且m+n+p的取值范围是2至10；
m, n and p are numbers and m+n+p has a value ranging from 2 to 10;
m和n独立地是1至8的数字；
m and n are independently a number ranging from 1 to 8;
p的取值范围是0至8；
p is has a value ranging from 0 to 8;
x是0至10的整数，当x是0时，A直接与羰基连接；
x is an integer number with a value ranging from 0 to 10, and when x is 0 A is directly linked to the carbonyl group;
每个A独立地代表CHR3、O、S、NR4，其中R4是C1-C6烷基基团；
A represents, each independently, CHR3, O, S, NR4where R4is an alkyl C1-C6group;
每个Y独立地表示直接键或包含1至14个碳原子的取代或未取代的二价连接基团；
Y represents, each independently a direct bond or a substituted or unsubstituted divalent linking group comprising 1 to 14 carbon atoms;
每个Z独立地表示自由基可聚合官能团，所述自由基可聚合官能团选自由丙烯酸酯，甲基丙烯酸酯，苯乙烯，丙烯酰胺，马来酸酯，富马酸酯，衣康酸酯，乙烯基醚，烯丙基醚，烯丙基酯，马来酰亚胺，乙烯基腈和乙烯基酯组成的组；
Z represents, each independently, a radically polymerizable functional group selected from the group consisting of an acrylate, a methacrylate, a styrene, an acryl amide, a maleate, a fumarate, an itaconate, a vinyl ether, an allyl ether, an allyl ester, a maleimide, a vinyl nitrile and a vinyl ester;
每个R3独立地表示氢；C1-C12烷基；取代或未取代的苯基、芳基或杂芳基；C5-C6环烷基；被SH，-N(C1-C6烷基)2，哌啶子基，吗啉代，哌嗪子基，-OH，-O(C1-C12烷基)，-COOH取代的C1-C12烷基；或者C1-C12烷氧基；
R3represents, each independently hydrogen, alkyl C1-C12, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, aryl or heteroaryl, cycloalkyl C5-C6, alkyl C1-C12which is substituted with SH, —N(alkyl C1-C6)2, piperidino, morpholino, piperazino, —OH, —O(alkyl C1-C12), —COOH; or C1-C12alkoxy;
R1、R2各自独立地是氢；C1-C12烷基；取代或未取代的苯基；取代或未取代的芳基；取代或未取代的杂芳基；C5-C6环烷基；被SH，-N(C1-C6烷基)2，哌啶子基，吗啉代，哌嗪子基，-OH，-O(C1-C12烷基)，-COOH取代的C1-C12烷基；或C1-C12烷氧基。
R1, R2are, each independently, hydrogen, alkyl C1-C12, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, cycloalkyl C5-C6, alkyl C1-C12which is substituted with SH, —N(alkyl C1-C6)2, piperidino, morpholino, piperazino, —OH, —O(alkyl C1-C12), —COOH; or C1-C12alkoxy.
本发明涉及制冷循环装置，特别涉及执行使形成于热交换器的霜融化的除霜运转的制冷循环装置。
The present disclosure relates to a refrigeration cycle apparatus, and particularly to a refrigeration cycle apparatus that performs a defrosting operation in which frost formed on a heat exchanger is caused to be melted.
在以往的制冷循环装置中，提出了具备室内热交换器和室外热交换器的制冷循环装置，该室内热交换器在进行制热运转时作为冷凝器发挥功能，该室外热交换器具有下侧热交换器和上侧热交换器(例如，参照专利文献1)。
For some refrigeration cycle apparatuses, a refrigeration cycle apparatus is proposed that includes an indoor heat exchanger and an outdoor heat exchanger, the indoor heat exchanger being used as a condenser during a heating operation, the outdoor heat exchanger including a lower heat exchanger and an upper heat exchanger (for example, see Patent Literature 1).
上侧热交换器设置在下侧热交换器之上。
The upper heat exchanger is provided at a top of the lower heat exchanger.
在此，在专利文献1的制冷循环装置进行制热运转时，下侧热交换器和上侧热交换器作为蒸发器发挥功能，结果，在下侧热交换器和上侧热交换器形成霜。
During the period when the refrigeration cycle apparatus of Patent Literature 1 performs the heating operation, the lower heat exchanger and the upper heat exchanger are used as evaporators and, as a result, frost is formed on the lower heat exchanger and the upper heat exchanger.
一般而言，形成于热交换器的霜阻碍在热交换器的传热管中流动的制冷剂与通过热交换器的空气的热交换。
Frost formed on a heat exchanger often inhibits heat exchange between refrigerant flowing through a heat transfer tube of the heat exchanger and air passing through the heat exchanger.
因此，专利文献1的制冷循环装置在室外热交换器形成有霜的情况下，进行使室外热交换器的霜融化的除霜运转。
Therefore, when frost is formed on the outdoor heat exchanger, the refrigeration cycle apparatus of Patent Literature 1 performs a defrosting operation in which frost on the outdoor heat exchanger is caused to be melted.
专利文献1的制冷循环装置的除霜运转具有上除霜和下除霜，该上除霜是室内热交换器作为冷凝器发挥功能且进行上侧热交换器的除霜，该下除霜是室内热交换器作为冷凝器发挥功能且进行下侧热交换器的除霜。
During the upper defrosting, the indoor heat exchanger is used as a condenser, and defrosting of the upper heat exchanger is performed.
在上除霜中，下侧热交换器作为蒸发器发挥功能，在下除霜中，上侧热交换器作为蒸发器发挥功能。
The lower heat exchanger is used as an evaporator during the upper defrosting, and the upper heat exchanger is used as an evaporator during the lower defrosting.
这样，在上除霜以及下除霜中，室内热交换器作为冷凝器发挥功能，因此，即使在专利文献1的制冷循环装置进行除霜运转时，也会由室内机向室内供给暖气。
As described above, the indoor heat exchanger is used as a condenser during the upper defrosting and the lower defrosting and hence, warm air is supplied into a room from the indoor unit even during the period when the refrigeration cycle apparatus of Patent Literature 1 performs the defrosting operation.
专利文献1：日本专利第4272224号公报
Patent Literature 1: Japanese Patent No. 4272224
在专利文献1的制冷循环装置执行上除霜时，在上侧热交换器中融化的水从上侧热交换器向下侧热交换器流下。
During the period when the refrigeration cycle apparatus of Patent Literature 1 performs the upper defrosting, water produced through melting on the upper heat exchanger flows down from the upper heat exchanger to the lower heat exchanger.
此时，由于下侧热交换器作为蒸发器发挥功能，因此，从上侧热交换器向下侧热交换器流下的水会在下侧热交换器结冰。
At this point of operation, the lower heat exchanger is used as an evaporator and hence, water flowing down from the upper heat exchanger to the lower heat exchanger is frozen on the lower heat exchanger.
因此，有时下除霜开始时的下侧热交换器的霜的厚度与上除霜开始时的下侧热交换器的霜的厚度相比会增加。
Therefore, the thickness of the frost on the lower heat exchanger at the time of starting the lower defrosting may be increased compared with the thickness of frost on the lower heat exchanger at the time of starting the upper defrosting.
若形成于下侧热交换器的霜变厚，则相应地，没有与作为热源的下侧热交换器接触的霜的量增加。
When the thickness of frost formed on the lower heat exchanger increases, an amount of frost not in contact with the lower heat exchanger, which is a heat source, increases by the corresponding amount.
因此，若形成于下侧热交换器的霜变厚，则下除霜时的下侧热交换器的除霜效率降低。
Therefore, when the thickness of frost formed on the lower heat exchanger increases, defrosting efficiency of the lower heat exchanger is reduced during the lower defrosting.
因此，在专利文献1的制冷循环装置中，有时在下除霜结束时，在下侧热交换器中残留未融化的霜的量会增加。
Accordingly, in the refrigeration cycle apparatus of Patent Literature 1, there may be a case where, at the time of finishing the lower defrosting, an amount of frost remaining unmelted on the lower heat exchanger increases.
若在下侧热交换器中残留未融化的霜的量增加，则相应地，阻碍下侧热交换器的传热管的制冷剂与通过下侧热交换器的空气的热交换。
When the amount of frost remaining unmelted on the lower heat exchanger increases, heat exchange between refrigerant in the heat transfer tube of the lower heat exchanger and air passing through the lower heat exchanger is inhibited by the corresponding degree.
结果，除霜运转后再次开始的制热运转的效率会降低。
As a result, efficiency of the heating operation restarted after the defrosting operation is reduced.
本发明是为了解决上述这样的问题而完成的，其目的在于提供一种能够抑制制热运转的效率的降低的制冷循环装置。
The present disclosure has been made to solve the above-mentioned problem, and it is an object of the present disclosure to provide a refrigeration cycle apparatus that can suppress a reduction in efficiency of the heating operation.
本发明的制冷循环装置具备：压缩机；室内热交换器，其在制热运转时作为冷凝器发挥功能；室外热交换器，其具有下侧热交换器及设置在下侧热交换器的上侧的上侧热交换器，在制热运转时作为蒸发器发挥功能；减压装置，其设置于在制热运转时比室内热交换器靠制冷剂的流动方向的下游侧的位置，且设置于在制热运转时比室外热交换器靠制冷剂流动方向的上游侧的位置；切换部，其切换第一状态和第二状态，所述第一状态是将压缩机的排出侧与下侧热交换器相连的状态，所述第二状态是将压缩机的排出侧与上侧热交换器相连的状态；以及控制装置，其对切换部的切换状态进行控制，在控制装置进行使室外热交换器的霜融化的除霜运转的情况下，控制装置执行将切换部的切换状态设为第一状态的第一除霜控制，在执行第一除霜控制之后，执行将切换部的切换状态设为第二状态的第二除霜控制，在执行第二除霜控制之后，执行将切换部的切换状态设为第一状态的第三除霜控制。
A refrigeration cycle apparatus of an embodiment according to the present disclosure includes a compressor; an indoor heat exchanger used as a condenser during a heating operation; an outdoor heat exchanger including a lower heat exchanger and an upper heat exchanger provided at top of the lower heat exchanger, the outdoor heat exchanger being used as an evaporator during the heating operation; a pressure reducing device provided downstream of the indoor heat exchanger in a direction in which refrigerant flows during the heating operation, the pressure reducing device being provided upstream of the outdoor heat exchanger in the direction in which refrigerant flows during the heating operation; a switching device configured to switch a switching state to one of a first state and a second state, a discharge port of the compressor and the lower heat exchanger being connected to each other in the first state, the discharge port of the compressor and the upper heat exchanger being connected to each other in the second state; and a controller configured to control the switching state of the switching device.
根据本发明的制冷循环装置，由于在执行第二除霜控制之前执行第一除霜控制，因此抑制了第三除霜控制开始时的下侧热交换器的霜变厚，结果，抑制了制热运转的效率的降低。
In the refrigeration cycle apparatus of an embodiment according to the present disclosure, the first defrosting control is performed before the second defrosting control is performed and hence, frost on the lower heat exchanger is prevented from having a large thickness at the time of starting the third defrosting control and, as a result, it is possible to suppress a reduction in efficiency of the heating operation.
图1是实施方式的制冷循环装置100的概要结构图。
[ Fig. 1] Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to an embodiment.
图2是实施方式的制冷循环装置100的制冷剂回路图。
[ Fig. 2] Fig. 2 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to the embodiment.
图3是示意性地表示室外热交换器5的图。
[ Fig. 3] Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an outdoor heat exchanger 5.
图4是实施方式的制冷循环装置100的控制功能的框图。
[ Fig. 4] Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a control function of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to the embodiment.