mwirth-epo/epo-nmt-datasets huggingface dataset:
随后，重涂覆机机构114可以移回到起始位置。
Subsequently, recoater mechanism 114 may be moved back to a starting position.
因此，如本文中所解释和图1所示，重涂覆机机构114、重涂覆机致动器160、供应平台152和供应致动器154通常可操作以连续沉积添加粉末142或其他添加材料的层以促进打印过程。
Therefore, as explained herein and illustrated in FIG. 1, recoater mechanism 114, recoater actuator 160, supply platform 152, and supply actuator 154 may generally operate to successively deposit layers of additive powder 142 or other additive material to facilitate the print process.
这样，这些部件在本文中可以统称为粉末沉积设备、系统或组件。
As such, these components may collectively be referred to herein as powder depositing apparatus, system, or assembly.
整平的添加粉末142可以被称为构建层192(见图2)，并且其暴露的上表面可以被称为构建表面130。
The leveled additive powder 142 may be referred to as build layer 192 (see FIG. 2 ) and the exposed upper surface thereof may be referred to as build surface 130.
在构建过程期间，当将构建平台118降低到构建室134中时，构建室134和构建平台118共同围绕并支撑大量的添加粉末142，以及正在构建的任何部件190。
When build platform 118 is lowered into build chamber 134 during a build process, build chamber 134 and build platform 118 collectively surround and support a mass of additive powder 142 along with any components 190 being built.
这些量的粉末通常被称为“粉末床”，并且这种特定种类的增材制造过程可以被称为“粉末床过程”。
This mass of powder is generally referred to as a "powder bed," and this specific category of additive manufacturing process may be referred to as a "powder bed process."
在增材制造过程期间，定向能量源120用于熔化正在构建的部件190的二维横截面或层。
During the additive manufacturing process, the directed energy source 120 is used to melt a two-dimensional cross-section or layer of the component 190 being built.
更具体地，从能量源120发射电子束122，并且射束转向设备124用于以适当的图案将电子束122的焦点180在暴露的粉末表面上转向。
More specifically, electron beam 122 is emitted from energy source 120 and beam steering apparatus 124 is used to steer the focal point 180 of electron beam 122 over the exposed powder surface in an appropriate pattern.
围绕焦点180的添加粉末142的暴露层的一小部分(在此称为“焊池”或“熔池”或“热作用区”182(在图2中最佳可见))被能量束122加热到允许其烧结或熔化、流动和固结的温度。
A small portion of exposed layer of the additive powder 142 surrounding focal point 180, referred to herein as a "weld pool" or "melt pool" or "heat effected zone" 182 (best seen in FIG. 2 ) is heated by electron beam 122 to a temperature allowing it to sinter or melt, flow, and consolidate.
例如，熔池182的宽度可以约为100微米(0.004英寸)。
As an example, melt pool 182 may be on the order of 100 micrometers (0.004 in.) wide.
该步骤可以称为熔融添加粉末142。
This step may be referred to as fusing additive powder 142.
构建平台118竖直向下移动该层增量，并且以相似的厚度施加另一层添加粉末142。
Build platform 118 is moved vertically downward by the layer increment, and another layer of additive powder 142 is applied in a similar thickness.
定向能量源120再次发射电子束122，并且射束转向设备124用于以适当的图案将电子束122的焦点180在暴露的粉末表面上转向。
The directed energy source 120 again emits electron beam 122 and beam steering apparatus 124 is used to steer the focal point 180 of electron beam 122 over the exposed powder surface in an appropriate pattern.
添加粉末142的暴露层被电子束122加热到允许其在顶层内以及在下面的先前固化的层内烧结或熔化、流动和固结的温度。
The exposed layer of additive powder 142 is heated by electron beam 122 to a temperature allowing it to sinter or melt, flow, and consolidate both within the top layer and with the lower, previously-solidified layer.
重复移动构建平台118，施加添加粉末142，然后引导电子束122以熔化添加粉末142的这一循环，直到整个部件190完成为止。
This cycle of moving build platform 118, applying additive powder 142, and then directed electron beam 122 to melt additive powder 142 is repeated until the entire component 190 is complete.
如以上简要解释的，当能量源120和射束转向设备124将电子束122引导到粉末床或构建表面130上时，添加粉末142被加热并且开始熔化到熔池182中，在熔池182中它们可以熔融形成最终部件190。
As explained briefly above, as energy source 120 and beam steering apparatus 124 direct electron beam 122 onto the powder bed or build surface 130, the additive powders 142 are heated and begin to melt into melt pool 182 where they may fused to form the final component 190.
尽管下面根据示例性实施例描述了示例性的发射物检测装置，但是应当理解，发射物检测系统200可以包括用于检测电子发射物的多种附加的或替代的传感器。
Although exemplary emission detection devices are described below according to an exemplary embodiment, it should be appreciated that emission detection system 200 may include various additional or alternative sensors for detecting electron emissions.
如上所述，能量源120被配置为产生用于熔融添加粉末142的电子束122。
As explained above, energy source 120 is configured for generating electron beam 122 for fusing additive powder 142.
如本文所使用的，“入射”电子束、能级和类似术语旨在指代或对应于由能量源产生的在与添加粉末接触之前的电子束，例如图1和图2所示的能量束或电子束122。
As used herein, the "incident" electron beam, energy level, and similar terms are intended to refer or correspond to the electron beam generated by the energy source prior to contact with the additive powder, e.g., energy beam or electron beam 122 as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.
另外，“电子发射物”以及诸如此类用于表示当暴露于入射电子束时由粉末床或构建层产生或重定向的电子。
In addition, "electron emissions" and the like are used to refer to electrons that are generated or redirected by the powder bed or build layer when exposed to the incident electron beam.
例如，电子发射物包括反射、散射、偏转和/或透射电子，或在熔融过程期间未被添加材料层或粉末床吸收的其他电子。
For example, electron emissions include reflected, scattered, deflected, and/or transmitted electrons, or other electrons not absorbed by the layer of additive material or the powder bed during the fusing process.
此外，电子发射物、相关能量以及诸如此类通常可以来指代这样的电子实际持有的能量的量。
In addition, electron emissions, the associated energy, and the like may be used generally to refer to the amount of energy actually held by such electrons.
在这方面，根据示例性实施例，将电子发射物乘以这些电子持有的平均能量。
In this regard, according to an exemplary embodiment, the electron emissions are multiplied by an average energy held by such electrons.
发射物检测系统200包括用于测量、检测或监测这种电子发射物的一个或多个发射物检测装置202。
Emission detection system 200 includes one or more emission detection devices 202 for measuring, detecting, or monitoring such electron emissions.
具体地，根据示例性实施例，发射物检测装置202包括用于检测二次电子的埃弗哈特-索恩利(Everhart Thornley)检测器204。
Specifically, according to an exemplary embodiment, emission detection device 202 includes an Everhart Thornley detector 204 for detecting secondary electrons.
另外，发射物检测装置202可以包括用于检测反向散射电子的固态检测器206。
In addition, emission detection devices 202 may include a solid-state detector 206 for detecting backscattered electrons.
这些发射物检测装置202可以位于构建室134内或周围的任何合适的位置，在此处可以监测或测量电子发射物。
These emission detection devices 202 may be positioned at any suitable location within or around build chamber 134 where electron emissions may be monitored or measured.
通常，二次电子可以指的是当原子中的电子被激发并且足够的能量逃逸构建层时，其原子在构建层表面附近发射的电子。
In general, secondary electrons may refer to electrons emitted by atoms near the surface of the build layer when their electrons become excited and have sufficient energy to escape the build layer.
相比之下，反向散射电子可以指从构建层或熔池中重现的电子。
By contrast, backscattered electrons may refer to electrons that reemerge from the build layer or the melt pool.
尽管此处将埃弗哈特-索恩利检测器204描述为用于检测二次电子发射物和/或反向散射电子发射物，并且将固体检测器206描述为用于检测反向散射电子发射物，但是应当理解，任何其他合适的一个或多个装置可以用于检测二次和反向散射电子之一或两者。
Although Everhart Thornley detector 204 is described herein as being used to detect secondary electron emissions and/or backscattered electron emissions and solid-state detector 206 is described herein as being used to detect backscattered electron emissions, it should be appreciated that any other suitable device or devices may be used to detect one or both of secondary and backscattered electrons.
例如，埃弗哈特-索恩利检测器204可以检测两者。
For example, Everhart Thornley detector 204 may detect both.
另外，这样的装置可以位于整个构建室134的多个位置，并且可以具有适合于测量电子发射物的任何其他合适的配置。
In addition, such devices may be positioned at multiple locations throughout build chamber 134 and may have any other suitable configuration suitable for measuring electron emissions.
根据替代实施例，可以通过在熔融过程期间映射粉末床温度或获取粉末床或熔池182的热图像来估计电子发射物或沉积的能量。
According to alternative embodiments, the electron emissions or energy deposited may be approximated by the mapping a powder bed temperature or taking a thermal image of the powder bed or melt pool 182 during the fusing process.
在这方面，例如，发射物检测系统200可以包括热成像相机210，其位于粉末床上的构建室134内，以获取热图像或以其他方式估计熔池182的温度。
In this regard, for example, emission detection system 200 may include a thermal imaging camera 210 which is positioned within build chamber 134 over the powder bed for taking a thermal image or otherwise approximating a temperature of melt pool 182.
例如，根据示例性实施例，热成像相机210可以是高速红外相机。
For example, according to an exemplary embodiment, thermal imaging camera 210 may be a high-speed infrared camera.
通过监测熔池182的温度，电子发射物的量可以被估计并如此处所述那样用于维持构建层192内恒定的能量吸收。
By monitoring the temperature of melt pool 182, the amount of electron emissions may be approximated and used as described herein for maintaining constant energy absorption within build layer 192.
根据其他实施例，发射物检测系统200可以包括用于测量穿过构建层192和/或粉末床的电子发射物的装置。
According to still other embodiments, emission detection system 200 may include devices for measuring electron emissions which pass through build layer 192 and/or powder bed.
例如，发射物检测装置202可以进一步包括电阻器212，该电阻器212电连接到构建平台118以测量流过其中的电子。
For example, emission detection devices 202 may further include a resistor 212 which is electrically connected to the build platform 118 for measuring electrons flowing therethrough.
更具体地，构建平台118可以与构建室134电绝缘，并且电阻器212可以将构建平台118电联接到电接地。
More specifically, build platform 118 may be electrically insulated from build chamber 134 and resistor 212 may electrically couple build platform 118 to an electrical ground.
因此，被吸收到粉末床中的电子(例如，在本文中被称为“透射”电子)穿过粉末床、穿过构建平台118并且穿过电阻器212接地。
Thus, electrons absorbed into the powder bed, e.g., referred to herein as "transmitted" electrons, pass through the powder bed, through build platform 118, and through resistor 212 to ground.
值得注意的是，通过测量电阻器212上产生的电压，可以测量透射通过粉末床的能量或电子的量(例如1mA×1kOhm＝1V)。
Notably, by measuring a voltage generated across resistor 212, the amount of energy or electrons transmitted through the powder bed may be measured (e.g., 1mA x 1kOhm = IV).
根据其他实施例，可以使用测量二次和反向散射电子的其他方法，例如测量在EBM腔室102内流动的电流，该电流应该与电子发射物(例如，二次和反向散射发射物)相关。
According to still other embodiments, other methods of measuring secondary and backscattered electrons may be used, such as measuring the current flowing within the EBM chamber 102, which should be linked to the electron emissions (e.g., both secondary and backscattered emissions).
EBM系统100可以进一步包括用于调整EBM系统100和/或发射物检测系统200的操作的任何合适的处理器或控制器。
EBM system 100 may further include any suitable processor or controller for regulating operation of EBM system 100 and/or emission detection system 200.
具体地，如图所示，发射物检测系统200进一步包括与发射物检测装置202可操作地联接的控制器220，用于接收与所测得的电子发射物相对应的信号。
Specifically, as illustrated, emission detection system 200 further includes a controller 220 which is operably coupled with emission detection devices 202 for receiving signals corresponding to the measured electron emissions.
另外，控制器220可以可操作地联接到能量源120，例如，用于控制电子束122的功率或能量密度，用于调整磁透镜174和偏转线圈176等的操作。
In addition, controller 220 may be operably coupled to energy source 120, e.g., for controlling the power or energy density of electron beam 122, for adjusting the operation of magnetic lens 174 and deflecting coil 176, etc. Controller 220 may be a dedicated controller for emission detection system 200 or may be a system controller for operating EBM system 100.
控制器220可以包括一个或多个存储装置和一个或多个微处理器，例如通用或专用微处理器，其可操作为执行与增材制造过程或过程监测相关的编程指令或微控制代码。
Controller 220 may include one or more memory devices and one or more microprocessors, such as general or special purpose microprocessors operable to execute programming instructions or micro-control code associated with an additive manufacturing process or process monitoring.
该存储器可以代表诸如DRAM之类的随机存取存储器，或者诸如ROM或FLASH之类的只读存储器。
The memory may represent random access memory such as DRAM, or read only memory such as ROM or FLASH.
在一个实施例中，处理器执行储存在存储器中的编程指令。
In one embodiment, the processor executes programming instructions stored in memory.
存储器可以是与处理器分离的部件，或者可以包括在处理器内的板上。
The memory may be a separate component from the processor or may be included onboard within the processor.
替代地，控制器220可被构造为不使用微处理器，例如，使用离散模拟和/或数字逻辑电路(例如，开关、放大器、积分器、比较器、触发器，与门等)的组合来执行控制功能，而无需依赖软件。
Alternatively, controller 220 may be constructed without using a microprocessor, e.g., using a combination of discrete analog and/or digital logic circuitry (such as switches, amplifiers, integrators, comparators, flip-flops, AND gates, and the like) to perform control functionality instead of relying upon software.
应当理解，本文示出和描述EBM系统100和发射物检测系统200，仅用于解释本主题的各方面。
It should be appreciated that EBM system 100 and emission detection system 200 are illustrated and described herein only for explaining aspects of the present subject matter.
然而，本主题的范围不限于这些示例性实施例，而是被设想为包括包括变型和修改的实施例。
However, the scope of the present subject matter is not limited to such exemplary embodiments, but is instead contemplated as including embodiments including variations and modifications.
例如，EBM系统100可以包括不同类型或配置的能源，不同的重涂覆机机构，用于促进EBM过程的附加系统或子系统等。
For example, EBM system 100 may include a different type or configuration of energy source, a different recoater mechanism, additional system or subsystems for facilitating the EBM process, etc. In addition, emission detection system 200 may include additional or alternative sensor types, positions, and configurations.
现在，已经根据本主题的示例性实施例描述了EBM系统100和发射物检测系统200的构造和配置，将根据本主题的一个示例性实施例描述用于操作EBM机器的示例性方法300。
Now that the construction and configuration of EBM system 100 and emission detection system 200 have been described according to exemplary embodiments of the present subject matter, an exemplary method 300 for operating an EBM machine will be described according to an exemplary embodiment of the present subject matter.
方法300可以用于操作EBM系统100或任何其他合适的增材制造机器。
Method 300 can be used to operate EBM system 100, or any other suitable additive manufacturing machine.
还要注意的是，对于相同和相似的元件，将指定相同的附图标记。
Also it is noted that, for the same and similar elements, the same reference signs will be assigned.
图1是靴式辊端部模块的立体图，该靴式辊端部模块包括在同一组件中的底座和辊头。
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a shoe roll end module comprising a pedestal and a roll head in a same assembly.
底座1具有轴孔11，该轴孔11用于容纳靴式辊的轴颈3’。
A pedestal 1 has an axle hole 11, which serves to accommodate an axle stub 3 of a shoe roll.
在这方面，应当注意，在整个申请中，为了简明起见，使用了术语“轴”和诸如“轴孔”和“轴颈”的相关术语。
In this regard, it is to be noted that the terms "axle" and related terms such as "axle hole" and "axle stub" are used throughout the application rather for sake of brevity.
实际上，分别代替地指“压力梁”和诸如“(这样的)压力梁的容纳孔”、“(这样的)压力梁的柱”。
In fact a "pressure beam" and related terms such as an "accommodating hole for (such) a pressure beam" and a "stub of (such) a pressure beam", respectively, are meant instead.
轴孔11的截面为八角形形状。
The axle hole 11 in section has an octagonal shape.
因此，形成轴孔11的表面有八个。
Thus, there are eight surfaces forming the axle hole 11.
在这八个表面中，最高表面11b的精加工精度超过其余七个表面的精加工精度。
Among the eight surfaces, the highest surface 11b is finished with a degree of accuracy exceeding the finishing degree of the remaining seven surfaces.
-与参考表面相比，增加的表面的平面平坦度(evenness，平整度)；
This highest surface 11b serves as a torque surface, and is manufactured with an increased roughness (Ra) level in comparison to a reference surface; an increased planar evenness of the surface in comparison to the reference surface; an increased degree of parallelism of the surface compared to the reference surface.
靴式辊可以组装在反向辊(counter roll，对置辊)的上方或下方，因此压区的方向在底座的“平坦”接合(joint)侧，扭矩表面在与之相对的一侧。
The shoe roll can be assembled above or below the counter roll, so the direction of the nip is in the 'flat' joint side of the pedestal and the torque surface is on the opposite side to that.
以相同的精度制造轴颈3’的相应表面。
A corresponding surface of an axle stub 3 is manufactured with the same degree of accuracy.
因此，当使轴孔11的扭矩表面11b和轴颈的相应表面相邻接(abutment)时，由于这些表面的制造精度高，因此可以以在底座1中具有摇臂轴承的现有技术方案所不能实现的精度来定位靴式辊。
Thus, when bringing the torque surface 11b of the axle hole 11 and a corresponding surface of an axle stub in abutment, due to the high degree of accuracy of manufacturing of these surfaces it is possible to position the shoe roll with a degree of accuracy not possible with prior art solutions having a rocker bearing in the pedestal.
在底座1的内侧处，即朝向造纸机或纸板机中心的一侧，作为轴向伸长的环形结构的套圈5与底座连接。
At an inner side of the pedestal 1, that is, a side, which is directed towards the center of the paper or board machine, a ferrule 5 as an axially elongated annular structure, is connected with the pedestal.
根据本实施例，套圈5通过螺栓55与底座1连接。
According to the embodiment, the ferrule 5 is connected with the pedestal by means of bolts 55.
套圈5是环形构件。
The ferrule 5 is an annular member.
该套圈5以其中心轴线OF偏离底座的中心轴线OP的方式与底座1连接。
It is connected with the pedestal 1 in a manner that its center axis OF deviates from the center axis OP of the pedestal.
因此，由于套圈5的移位，可以实现所需的偏心度。
Thus, due to shifting of the ferrule 5, it is possible to achieve a required degree of eccentricity.
在靴式辊端部模块2中，套圈5被插入到辊头7的内孔中。
In a shoe roll end module 2, the ferrule 5 is inserted into an inner bore of the roll head 7.
辊头7具有内静态结构和外动态(旋转)结构。
The roll head 7 has an inner static structure and an outer dynamic (rotating) structure.
轴承75和密封件(seal)77连接辊头的这两个结构，并防止流体(例如润滑液)泄漏。
A bearing 75 and a seal 77 connect these two structures of the roll head and prevent leakage of fluid, e.g. lubrication fluid.
波纹管74将辊头7与底座连接，并防止辊头7的内部部分受到污染。
A bellows 74 connects the roll head 7 with the pedestal and prevents contamination of the inner portions of the roll head 7.
因此辊端部模块2紧凑且易于组装到一起，而不需要将每件分别装配到轴上。
So the roll end module 2 is compact and easy to assemble together without a need to fit each piece to the axle separately.
整个端部模块只需要一次装配，以便一次吊装即可将预制端部模块组装到轴上。
There is only one fitting for the whole end module so that a prefabricated end module can be assembled to the axle with one lifting.
此外，套圈5在其远端处具有凸缘51，即该凸缘51设置在远离底座1的一侧处。
Moreover, the ferrule 5 has a flange 51 at its distal end, i.e. the flange 51 is provided at the side distanced from the pedestal 1.
当凸部端面4d的倾斜角θ过大时，在作为自攻螺钉来使用的情况下会突然与对应底孔接触，因此旋入扭矩容易上升。
When the angle of inclination θ of the convex portion end face 4d is too large, in the case of using the external screw member 1 as a self-tapping screw, the external screw member 1 will come into contact with a mating prepared hole in a rapid manner, so screw driving torque tends to rise easily.
此外，当倾斜角θ过小时，存在无法确保足够的凸部4的高度等可能性。
On the other hand, when the angle of inclination θ is too small, there may be a possibility that a sufficient height of each convex portion 4 can not be secured.
在一个凸部投影图像40中，作为最大直径的凸部顶部轮廓线40a的周长L被设置在穿过凸部顶部轮廓线40a的虚拟圆C的圆周的2.5～5.0％的范围内。
In one convex portion projection image 40, a peripheral or circumferential length L of the convex crest outline 40a, which is a maximum diameter, is set in the range of 2.5 - 5.0 % of the circumference of a virtual circle C which passes through the convex crest outline 40a.
该虚拟圆C相对于平行螺钉部31的外径D而为(D+2h)的外径的圆，凸部顶部轮廓线40a为中心角β的圆弧，中心角β为360°的2.5～5.0％，在9°～18°的范围内，3处为27°～54°。
Because there are three convex portion projection images 40 in three places, the peripheral or circumferential lengths of the convex crest outlines 40a in total occupies a range of 7.5 - 15.0 % of the circumference of the virtual circle C. This virtual circle C is a circle with an outside diameter of (D + 2h) with respect to an outside diameter D of the parallel threaded portion 31, and the convex crest outline 40a is a circular arc with a central angle β, wherein the central angle β is in the range of 2.5 - 5.0 % of 360 degrees, i.e., in the range of 9 - 18 degrees, and hence, a total of central angles in the three places is in the range of 27 - 54 degrees.
此外，若看凸部端面4d的角度γ的话，在1°～7°的范围内，为360°的0.28～1.94％。
In addition, when considering an angle γ of the convex portion end face 4d, it is in the range of 1 - 7 degrees, i.e., in the range of about 0.28 - 1.94 % of 360 degrees.
当含有非承载侧的凸部端面4d′时(2γ)，其比例为360°的0.56～3.88％，若是3个凸部4的话，则2γ×3，其比例为360°的1.68～11.64％。
When a convex portion end face 4d ' at the clearance side is included (i.e., γ is added), the ratio of an angle 2γ is in the range of about 0.56 - 3.88 % of 360 degrees, and with three pieces of convex portions 4, 2yx3 (2y multiplied by 3) is obtained, and the ratio of angles for them in total is in the range of about 1.68 - 11.64 % of 360 degrees.
通过凸部顶部轮廓线40a的周长L设在螺纹5的圆周的2.5～5.0％的范围，从而能够将去除内螺纹成形时所产生的切屑、附着在螺帽内的涂装、飞溅物等异物时的异物(切屑、涂膜粉)滞留在凸部4与凸部4之间的螺纹5的部分(在周长上28％～30％的范围为3处)，进而在前端部穿透对应部件的底孔或内螺纹部件时，可排出切屑、涂料的剥离片，从而排出功能。
By setting the circumferential length L of the convex crest outline 40a in the range of 2.5 - 5.0 % of the circumference of the screw thread 5, chips generated upon forming the internal screw and foreign matter (chips, paint film powder etc.) at the time of removing foreign substances such as painting, coating sputter, etc., attached to the inside of a nut can be made to stay in the portions of the screw thread 5 between the adjacent convex portions 4 (i. e., three places each with a circumferential length in the range of 28 - 30 % of the circumference), whereby when a tip end portion of the external screw member 1 goes through the prepared hole in the mating member or the internal screw member, chips and peeled pieces of a coating material can be discharged, and a discharge function can be improved.
而且，若周长L为2.5～5.0％左右，作为成形内螺纹的凸部，能够足够使材料塑性变形，从而能够防止因设置不必要的凸部而导致的工具寿命的降低。
Further, when the circumferential length L is about 2.5 to 5.0 % of the circumference of the screw thread 5, each convex portion 4, which functions to shape the internal screw, can plastically deform the material of the internal screw member to a sufficient extent, and it is still possible to prevent a decrease in the tool life due to the provision of unnecessary convex portions.
另外，关于凸部4的、螺纹的旋入方向的相反方向W2的凸部端面4d′，仅倾斜方向与旋入方向的凸部端面4d相反，而基本结构与旋入方向的凸部端面4d相同，因此针对同一结构部分，标注同一的符号且附加′，并省大致其说明。
Here, note that a convex portion end face 4d' of the convex portion 4 in the opposite direction W2 to the screw driving direction of the screw thread is the same in basic configuration as the convex portion end face 4d in the screw driving direction of the convex portion 4, except for being opposite in the direction of inclination to the convex portion end face 4d, and hence, the same component parts of the convex portion end face 4d' as those of the convex portion end face 4d are denoted by the same reference numerals and characters, and the explanation thereof is omitted.
如果是同一结构、尤其倾斜角度设为同等程度的话，能够与旋入方向的凸部端面4d同样实现滚轧加工的容易度、加工工具寿命的长寿命化。
By employing the same configuration as the convex portion end face 4d, in particular, making the angle of inclination of the convex portion end face 4d' similar to that of the convex portion end face 4d, it is possible to attain the ease of form rolling and the extension of the life-span of a working tool, as in the case of the convex portion end face 4d.
尽管在本实施方式中凸部4被设置在平行螺钉部31和锥形螺钉部32这两方，但也可以是与平行螺钉部31的外径线相比成为突出的高度即可，也可以是在平行螺钉部31与锥形螺钉部32中的至少一个螺纹设置至少1处的结构即可。
Although in this embodiment, the convex portions 4 are arranged in both the parallel threaded portion 31 and the tapered threaded portion 32, the convex portions each need only to have a height projected from the outside diameter line of the parallel threaded portion 31, and the configuration may be such that at least one convex portion is formed on the screw thread of at least either one of the parallel threaded portion 31 and the tapered threaded portion 32.
即，既可以仅设置在平行螺钉部，也可以仅设置在锥形螺钉部32，还可以设置在两者。
That is, at least one convex portion may be formed in only the parallel threaded portion 31, or may be formed in only the tapered threaded portion 32, or may be formed in both of the parallel threaded portion 31 and the tapered threaded portion 32.
接下来对本实施方式的作用进行说明。
Next, reference will be made to the operation of this embodiment.
(作为自攻螺钉的使用)
(Use of the External Screw Member as a Self-Tapping Screw)
作为自攻螺钉来使用的情况下，如图3的(A)、(B)所示，随着锥形螺钉部32的锥形螺纹52旋入到对应部件100中所设置的底孔101，逐渐地深入到底孔101内周，通过设置在锥形螺钉部32至平行螺钉部31的部分的凸部4而逐步加工成内螺纹相对于螺纹5仅扩大预定尺寸的形状。
In cases where the external screw member is used as a self-tapping screw, as illustrated in Figs. 3A and 3B, the tapered screw thread 52 of the tapered threaded portion 32 gradually bites into the inner periphery of a prepared hole 101 formed in a mating member 100 as it is screw driven into the prepared hole 101, so that the internal screw is machined or worked into a shape expanded by a predetermined size with respect to the screw thread 5 by means of the convex portions 4 formed in the portion extending from the tapered threaded portion 32 to the parallel threaded portion 31.