1) на расчетной модели анода с заданными или известными данными, по меньшей мере, о геометрии, удельном электросопротивлении анода, а также геометрии и координатах расположения внутреннего дефекта в форме неоднородности удельного сопротивления, трещины или полости внутри анода, численным методом выполняют расчетное определение пространственного протекания тока через анод, а также амплитуды и направления векторов напряженности (или индукции) магнитного поля у внешней поверхности анода, при граничном условии размещения на внешних поверхностях анода, по меньшей мере, пары электропроводящих контактов, подающих сквозь анод заданную величину электрического тока;
A method for non destructive flaw detection of aluminium reduction cell anodes is claimed, including the building of a computed model of an anode or the use of a specified model with known data on the geometry and specific resistance of the anode, the geometry and coordinates of internal defects, and, for this purpose: 1) using the model of the anode with the specified or known data at least on the geometry, specific electrical resistance of the anode as well as on the geometry and coordinates of the location of an internal defect manifested as a specific resistance irregularity, a crack or a cavity inside the anode, a numerical method is used to calculate the spatial current flow through the anode, as well as the amplitude and direction of vectors of the magnetic field intensity (or 7 induction) near the outer surface of the anode, under boundary conditions of placement on the outer surfaces of the anode of at least a pair of electrically conductive contacts, which supply through the anode the specified amount of electrical current; 2) several cyclic calculations at step 1) are carried out under boundary conditions of placement on the outer surfaces of the anode of at least a pair of electrically conductive contacts, provided that the contacts are moved with the discretization interval that does not exceed at least double the length of the assumed defect; 3) the results of calculations at step 2) are represented in the form of a three-dimensional (3D) matrix of amplitudes and directions of vectors of calculated intensities (or inductions) of the electromagnetic field at the discretization points near the outer surface of the anode; 4) at least a pair of electrically conductive contacts that supply the specified amount of electrical current through the anode are placed on the outer surfaces of the inspected anode; 5) at least one sensor is placed near the outer surface of the inspected anode, and the amplitude and direction of the magnetic field intensity (or induction) vectors at the same discretization points as at steps 1)-3) are measured and represented as a three-dimensional matrix of measured magnetic field intensity (or induction) vectors; 6) the three-dimensional (3D) matrices of calculated and measured magnetic field intensity (or induction) vectors at the same discretization points near the outer surface of the anode are compared; in the event of a permissible deviation of the measured and calculated values of the amplitude and direction of vectors at the same discretization points near the surface of the anode, the anode is recognized as high-quality; and, in the instance of a significant deviation, the anode is recognized as poor-quality.