Pesticide and Fertilizer Task Force — Portland, ME
Date: 2016-11-01

City of Portland
 Pesticide and Fertilizer Task Force
 November 1, 2016
 6:15 PM
 Council Chambers

 AGENDA




 1. Welcome and Introductions (5 minutes)

 2. Review and approve minutes (5 minutes)

 3. Presentation of Draft Ordinances (15 minutes)

 4. Discuss Draft Ordinance s (85 minutes)

 5. Discuss Agenda for Next Meeting (10 minutes)

 6. Adjourn


Please refer to the committee web page for background documents:

http://www.portlandmaine.gov/1774/Pesticide-and-Fertilizer-Task-Force
 Pesticide and Fertilizer Task Force

 Minutes

 October 11, 2016
 Task Force Members Present: Councilor Mavodones, Joe Staples, Avery Kamila,
 Rachel Bouvier, Jesse O’Brien, Seana Cullinan, Cathy Ramsdell, Wendy Harmon, Bob
 Searle, Fred Dillon, Tom Estabrook

 Task Force Members Absent: Deven Morrill

 Staff Present: Troy Moon, Amanda Methot (Law School Extern)

Councilor Mavodones welcomed the Task Force members to the meeting and noted that the
majority of the time would be spent discussing the draft ordinance prepared by staff. He asked
for a motion to approve the minutes from the previous meeting. All were in favor.

Troy Moon presented the draft ordinance. He indicated he and Amanda Methot worked with
Corporation Counsel Danielle West-Chuta to create the draft and based it on comments from
previous meetings. Members discussed various elements of the draft as follows. (The
numbers next to the headers indicate how many members brought up the specific topic,
bullet points provide an overview of what was discussed.)


IPM definition (4)

  What are the thresholds for resulting to using pesticides
 o Need to look at accepted IPM protocols/ threshold guidelines
  Do we want to continue using IPM or change to OPM and adopt those principles
 o Group was divided on this
  Some said they are one in the same
  Others believe that OPM is safer/better/more environmentally
 conscious

Legal citations (1)

  Wants background on where the citations to state statutes are coming from and
 what they mean
  Wants an explanation on why we are using these citations over the citations in
 the South Portland ordinance

Waiver provision/ review board (7)
  Section IV(b)(3) was seen as a loophole by some members and believe a waiver
 provision would be better
  Addition of a waiver provision
 o No clear consensus on who would make decisions on these waivers
  PMAC
  City manager
  Review board/PMAC
 o Group divided on if this is needed and what the makeup would be
  Combo of residents and elected officials/ city employees
 o More committees are not necessarily efficient, require training for the
 decision makers may make more sense
  Waiver may provide remedy to private land owner that cannot afford a licensed
 applicator
 o Exemptions allow for a remedy to some extent

Exemptions (4)

  Some confusion on the difference between exemptions and waivers
  Upset that athletic fields are exempt because this is where children play
  Does not like exemptions for trees because of fumigating
  Blanket exemptions for particular areas of the City, not supported by some
 members
  If pesticides are used under exemptions there should be documentation of the
 use
  Our exemptions should mirror South Portland’s ordinance section 32-5

Lists we have chosen to use (2)

  Members want more information on what is included on these lists as well as
 other potential lists that could be featured in addition or instead of OMRI and
 FIRFA
  OMRI products are very expensive and not always available in stores because
 they are not purchased often

Licensed applicators (2)

  Concerned that licensed applicators don’t use the best practices
  Providing more education to applicators could be a possibility to ensure they are
 meeting standards
 o This is already set by the board of pesticide control
  School IPM coordinators
Education (4)

  Include a findings section to touch upon what education program will look like and
 what it will be based on
  Look at the board of pesticide control’s mission and draw from those principles
  Include STS information with purchase at point of sale
  Team up with other organizations that already educate to ensure the consumer is
 not being inundated with signs at the store.
  School IPM coordinators

Want data from MBPC (2)

  Number of complaints made as well as enforcement done by the MBPC
  Numbers on sales and education efforts

Miscellaneous feedback (these points were mentioned by one person with little to no
follow up from any other members)

  Section IV(a)(5)
 o Moving that to the top of the section may make more sense
 o Right now it is read as a loophole rather than the standard/ guiding
 principle
  Add in section on water setbacks
  Effective date
 o Keep or make a phase in provision
  Ban the sale of pesticides we don’t allow
  The board of pesticide control is not doing a good job enforcing pesticides,
 therefore the City should not rely on them
 DRAFT
 Pesticide and Fertilizer Task Force:
 An ordinance to limit the use of pesticides
 (Without Advisory Committee or Waiver)

I. Purpose

The purpose of this chapter is to safeguard the health, safety and welfare of the residents of the City
of Portland and to conserve and protect the City’s water bodies and natural resources by curtailing the
use of pesticides for turf, landscape, and outdoor pest management.

II. Definitions

The following words, terms and phrases when used in this ordinance shall have the meanings ascribed
to them in this section, except where the context clearly indicates a different meaning:

Application: The spraying, pouring, spreading and applying of any and all pesticides over property in
order to mitigate, among other things, weeds, pests or plants.

Defoliant: Any substance or mixture of substances intended for causing leaves of foliage to
drop from a plan, with or without causing abscission.

Desiccant: Any substance or mixture of substances intended for artificially accelerating the
drying of plant tissue.

FIFRA: The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act, 7 U.S.C. §136 et seq., as amended
from time to time.

Integrated Pest Management: The selection, integration, and/or implementation of pest damage
prevention and control based on predicted socioeconomic and ecological consequences including, but
not limited to the following:

  Understanding the system in which the pest exists;
  Establishing dynamic economic injury thresholds and determining whether the
 organism or organism complex warrants control;
 o Economic injury levels: The smallest number of insects (amount of injury)
 that will cause yield losses equal to the insect management costs.
 o Economic thresholds: The pest density at which management action should
 be taken to prevent an increasing pest population from reaching the economic
 injury level.
  Monitoring pests and natural enemies;



 1
  When needed, selecting the appropriate system of cultural, mechanical, genetic,
 including resistant cultivars, biological or chemical prevention techniques or controls
 for desired suppression; and
  Systematically evaluating the pest management approaches utilized.

Invasive Insect: an insect that is not native to a particular eco system and whose introduction
does or is likely to cause economic or environmental harm or harm to human health.

Licensed Applicator: An applicator who is licensed by the State of Maine Board of Pesticides
Control.

Natural, Organic, or Non-synthetic: A substance or mixture of substances that are derived from
mineral, plant, or animal matter and do not undergo a synthetic process as defined in the Organic
Foods Production Act, 7 U.S.C. §6502(21).

Pest: Any insects, rodents, nematodes, fungi, weeds, and other forms of terrestrial or aquatic plant
or animal life or viruses, bacteria, or other microorganisms, except this definition specifically
excludes viruses, bacteria or other microorganisms on or in living human beings or other living
animals, that have been declared to be a pest under 7 M.R.S. §610(1)(A).

Pesticide: Any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling
or mitigating any pest; any substance or mixture of substances intended for used as a plant
regulator, defoliant, or desiccant; and any nitrogen stabilizer. It does not include multicellular
biological controls such as mites, nematodes, parasitic wasps, snails or other biological agents not
regulated as pesticides by the Environmental Protection Agency. Herbicides, fungicides,
insecticides and rodenticides are considered pesticides.

Privately Owned Land: All land and water areas, including airspace and all plants, animals,
structures, and/or buildings, within the city limits of the City of Portland that is owned by private
individuals or entities.

Publicly Owned Land: All land and water areas, including airspace and all plants, animals,
structures, and/or buildings, within the city limits of the City of Portland which is also owned by
the City of Portland.

Retailer: Any and all persons, entities, stores, shops, sales outlet or other establishment, located
within the City limits of the City of Portland that offers pesticides, among other things, for sale.

Retail store: Any retailer or establishment located within the City limits of the City of Portland
that are full-line, self-service market located in a permanent building, operating year-round, and
which sells pesticides for at home or other use.

Synthetic: A substance or mixture of substances that is formulated or manufactured by a chemical
process or by a process that chemically changes a substance extracted from naturally occurring
sources.




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 Water body: Any great pond, river, stream or tidal area, costal or shoreland freshwater wetland
 as these terms are defined in the City’s Zoning Ordinance, Chapter 14 of the City of Portland
 Code of Ordinances.

III. Education.

The City Manager or his/her designee shall:

 1. Create, communicate and provide documents to retailers and the public which describe
 and educate them about safe pesticide application and use, as well as the harms of
 pesticides and the existing alternatives to pesticides, that are available for use; and
 2. Provide the City Council with an annual report documenting the outcomes of the
 educational outreach and the pest management plan, the outcomes of each and any and all
 recommendations for modifications to this Article and/or the pest management plan in
 order to ensure that the City uses the best practices available.

IV. Applicability

The provisions of this Article are applicable to any and all outdoor pest management activities,
conducted on any and all privately or publicly owned land as follows:

 1. Synthetic substances are prohibited unless specifically listed as “allowed” on the U.S.
 Department of Agriculture’s National List of Allowed and Prohibited Substances (the
 “National List”);
 2. Non-synthetic substances are allowed unless specifically listed as “prohibited” on the
 National List;
 Pesticides determined to be “minimum risk pesticides” pursuant to the Federal
 Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) and listed in 40 C.F.R. §
 152.25(f)(1) or (2), as may be amended from time to time, are allowed.

 (a) Application Near Water Bodies.
 1. The use or application of non-synthetic or synthetic pesticides on public or privately
 owned land shall not occur within twenty-five (25) feet of any water body.

 (b) Retail stores.
 1. Retailers that sell pesticides of any kind at a retail store or otherwise shall post
 educational signs to be provided by the City of Portland where pesticides are located.

V. Exemptions

 The following are exempt from the provisions of the Article:

 (a) Materials.

 1. Pet supplies; shampoos, tick and flea treatments;
 2. Disinfectants, germicides, bactericides, miticides, and virucides;
 3. Insect repellant;

 3
 4. Rat and rodent control supplies;
 5. Swimming pool supplies; and/or
 6. General use paints, stains, and wood preservatives and sealants.

(b) Applications.

 1. Health and Safety Applications as follows:

 a. Pesticides used to control plants that are poisonous to the touch (i.e. poison ivy);
 b. Pesticides used to control plants that are invasive, as listed by the Maine
 Department of Agriculture, Conversation, and Forestry;
 c. Pesticides used to control invasive insects, as listed by the Maine Department of
 Agriculture, Conversation, and Forestry;
 d. Pesticides used to control pests of significant health important (i.e. ticks); and/or
 e. Pesticides used to control animals and insects that may cause damage to a
 structure (i.e. termites).

 2. Use on City Athletic and/or Recreation Fields as follows:

 a. The City Manager or his/her designee may authorize the application of any and
 all pesticides on any and all City athletic or recreation fields in order to prevent
 damage to a field. (For example, a grub infestation or for high-use athletic fields,
 etc.).

 3. Riverside Golf Course
 a. Any and all playing and non-playing greens are exempt from the provisions of
 this Article.
 b. The City Manager or his/her designee may authorize the application of any and
 all pesticides on any playing surface to prevent damage to the course. (For
 example, a grub infestation.)

 4. Hadlock Field
 a. Any and all playing surfaces located at Hadlock Field are exempt from the
 provisions of this Article.

 5. Trees Located on Publicly Owned Land
 a. The City Manager or his/her designee may authorize the application of any and
 all pesticides to trees located on publicly owned land, following a positive
 recommendation from the City Arborist.

 6. Right-of-way spraying
 a. Pesticides may be used in, on, over, under, abutting or along a right-of-way
 located in and/or through the city limits of the City of Portland.



 4
 7. Use of pesticides mandated by local, state or federal law or an order or decision from a
 state or federal agency.

VI. Enforcement and Remedies.

(a) This Article shall be enforced by the City Manager or his/her designee;
(b) The City Manager or his/her designee shall have the authority to enact rules and regulations in
 order to implement the provisions of this Article;
(c) A violation of this Article may constitute a civil violation and may be enforced pursuant to
 Chapter 1, section 1-15 of the Portland City Code and/or by providing additional education to an
 individual or entity that has been found in violation of the Article. Additional education will be
 provided to an individual that has been found to violate the provisions of the ordinance; and
(d) This Article shall not be construed or interpreted to allow an activity otherwise prohibited by law.

VII. Severability.

 To the extent any provision of this Article is deemed invalid by a court of competent
 jurisdiction, the balance of the Article that shall remain is valid.

VIII. Effective Date.

 The provisions of this Article shall become effective one year after adoption by the City
 Council.




 5
 DRAFT
 Pesticide and Fertilizer Task Force:
 An ordinance to limit the use of pesticides
 (With Waiver Language)

I. Purpose

The purpose of this Article is to safeguard the health, safety and welfare of the residents of the City of
Portland and to conserve and protect the City’s water bodies and natural resources by curtailing the
use of pesticides for turf, landscape, and outdoor pest management.

II. Definitions

The following words, terms and phrases when used in this ordinance shall have the meanings ascribed
to them in this section, except where the context clearly indicates a different meaning:

Application: The spraying, pouring, spreading and applying of any and all pesticides over property in
order to mitigate, among other things, weeds, pests or plants.

Defoliant: Any substance or mixture of substances intended for causing leaves of foliage to
drop from a plan, with or without causing abscission.

Desiccant: Any substance or mixture of substances intended for artificially accelerating the
drying of plant tissue.

FIFRA: The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act, 7 U.S.C. §136 et seq., as amended
from time to time.

Integrated Pest Management: The selection, integration, and/or implementation of pest damage
prevention and control based on predicted socioeconomic and ecological consequences including, but
not limited to the following:

  Understanding the system in which the pest exists;
  Establishing dynamic economic injury thresholds (as defined below) and determining
 whether the organism or organism complex warrants control;
 o Economic injury threshold: The smallest number of insects (amount of
 injury) that will cause yield losses equal to the insect management costs.
 o Economic threshold: The pest density at which management action should
 be taken to prevent an increasing pest population from reaching the economic
 injury level.
  Monitoring pests and natural enemies;



 1
  When needed, selecting the appropriate system of cultural, mechanical, genetic,
 including resistant cultivars, biological or chemical prevention techniques or controls
 for desired suppression, and/or;
  Systematically evaluating the pest management approaches utilized.

Invasive Insect: an insect that is not native to a particular eco system and whose introduction
does or is likely to cause economic or environmental harm or harm to human health.

Licensed Applicator: An applicator who is licensed by the State of Maine Board of Pesticides
Control.

Natural, Organic, or Non-synthetic: A substance or mixture of substances that are derived from
mineral, plant, or animal matter and do not undergo a synthetic process as defined in the Organic
Foods Production Act, 7 U.S.C. §6502(21).

Pest: Any insects, rodents, nematodes, fungi, weeds, and other forms of terrestrial or aquatic plant
or animal life or viruses, bacteria, or other microorganisms, except this definition specifically
excludes viruses, bacteria or other microorganisms on or in living human beings or other living
animals, that have been declared to be a pest under 7 M.R.S. §610(1)(A).

Pesticide: Any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling
or mitigating any pest; any substance or mixture of substances intended for used as a plant
regulator, defoliant, or desiccant; and any nitrogen stabilizer. It does not include multicellular
biological controls such as mites, nematodes, parasitic wasps, snails or other biological agents not
regulated as pesticides by the Environmental Protection Agency. Herbicides, fungicides,
insecticides and rodenticides are considered pesticides.

Privately Owned Land: All land and water bodies, including airspace and all plants, animals,
structures, and/or buildings, within the city limits of the City of Portland that is owned by private
individuals or entities.

Publicly Owned Land: All land and water bodies including all airspace and all plants, animals,
structures, and/or buildings, within the city limits of the City of Portland which is also owned by
the City of Portland.

Retailer: Any and all persons, entities, stores, shops, sales outlets or other establishments,
located within the City limits of the City of Portland that offers pesticides, among other things,
for sale.

Retail store: Any retailer or other store or establishment located within the City limits of the City
of Portland that are self-service markets located in a building, operating year-round, and which
sell pesticides for personal or commercial at-home use.

Synthetic: A substance or mixture of substances that is formulated or manufactured by a chemical
process or by a process that chemically changes a substance extracted from naturally occurring
sources.



 2
 Water body: Any great pond, river, stream or tidal area, costal or shoreland freshwater wetland
 as these terms are defined in the City’s Zoning Ordinance, Chapter 14 of the City of Portland
 Code of Ordinances.

III. Pesticides Advisory Committee.

 1. There is hereby created the following Pesticides Advisory Committee:

(a) The Committee shall have five (5) members, all of which shall be residents of the City of
 Portland and be appointed by the City Council for terms as provided in City Council order;

(b) The Committee shall meet at least five (5) times annually; and

(c) The Committee’s duties shall be as follows:
 1. Review and act upon waiver applications;
 2. Develop and provide in conjunction with the Sustainability Coordinator outreach and
 education materials for retailers and the public, which describe and educate about safe
 pesticide application and use, as well as the harms of pesticides and the existing alternatives
 to pesticides that are available for use; and
 3. Provide the Energy and Sustainability Committee with an annual report on its educational
 outreach, the number of waivers requested and any recommendations on amendments to this
 Article.

IV. Applicability

The provisions of this Article are applicable to any and all outdoor pesticide applications for turf,
landscape and outdoor pest management, which is conducted on any and all privately or publicly
owned land as follows:

 1.  Synthetic substances are prohibited unless specifically listed as “allowed” on the U.S.
 Department of Agriculture’s National List of Allowed and Prohibited Substances (the
 “National List”);
 2. Non-synthetic substances are allowed unless specifically listed as “prohibited” on the
 National List;
 3. Pesticides determined to be “minimum risk pesticides” pursuant to the Federal
 Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) and listed in 40 C.F.R. §
 152.25(f)(1) or (2), as may be amended from time to time, are allowed.


 (a) Application Near Water Bodies.
 1. The use or application of non-synthetic or synthetic pesticides on public or privately
 owned land shall not occur within twenty-five (25) feet of any water body.




 3
 (b) Retail stores.
 1. Retailers that sell or offer for sale pesticides of any kind at a retail store or otherwise shall
 post educational signs to be created and provided by the Pesticides Advisory Committee
 in the location in the given store where the pesticides are located for sale.

V. Exemptions

 The following are exempt from the provisions of the Article:

 (a) Materials.

 1. Pet supplies; shampoos, tick and flea treatments;
 2. Disinfectants, germicides, bactericides, miticides, and virucides;
 3. Insect repellant;
 4. Rat and rodent control supplies;
 5. Swimming pool supplies; and/or
 6. General use paints, stains, and wood preservatives and sealants.

 (b) Applications.

 1. Health and Safety Applications as follows:

 a. Pesticides used to control plants that are poisonous to the touch (i.e. poison ivy);
 b. Pesticides used to control plants that are invasive, as listed by the Maine
 Department of Agriculture, Conversation, and Forestry;
 c. Pesticides used to control invasive insects, as listed by the Maine Department of
 Agriculture, Conversation, and Forestry;
 d. Pesticides used to control pests of significant health important (i.e. ticks); and/or
 e. Pesticides used to control animals and insects that may cause damage to a
 structure (i.e. termites).

 2. Use on City Athletic and/or Recreation Fields as follows:

 a. The City Manager or his/her designee may authorize the application of any and
 all pesticides on any and all City athletic or recreation fields in order to prevent
 damage to a field. (For example, a grub infestation or for high-use athletic fields,
 etc.).

 3. Riverside Golf Course
 a. Any and all playing and non-playing greens are exempt from the provisions of
 this Article.
 b. The City Manager or his/her designee may authorize the application of any and
 all pesticides on any playing surface to prevent damage to the course. (For
 example, a grub infestation.)



 4
 4. Hadlock Field
 a. Any and all playing surfaces located at Hadlock Field are exempt from the
 provisions of this Article.

 5. Trees Located on Publicly Owned Land
 a. The City Manager or his/her designee may authorize the application of any and
 all pesticides to trees located on publicly owned land, following a positive
 recommendation from the City Arborist.

 6. Right-of-way spraying
 a. Pesticides may be used in, on, over, under, abutting or along a right-of-way
 located in and/or through the city limits of the City of Portland.

 7. Use of pesticides mandated by local, state or federal law or an order or decision from a
 state or federal agency.

VI. Waivers.

(a) In situations that threaten the public health, safety and welfare or if necessary to control invasive
 pests or species, or to prevent damage to property, individuals or entities may apply to the
 Pesticides Advisory Committee for a waiver from the provisions of this Article.
(b) The waiver application shall be on a form prescribed by the Pesticides Advisory Committee, and
 shall include the following information:
 (i) the proposed pesticide application location(s);
 (ii) details on the timing(s) of use, substance(s) and amounts to
 be applied;
 (iii) date(s) of the proposed pesticide application;
 (iv) a pesticide management plan;
 (v) a pest or weed identification and threshold report; and
 (vi) reason for requesting the use/application of the pesticide.

(c) In approving any waiver application, the Advisory Committee may prescribe conditions and
 safeguards as are appropriate to further the purposes of this Article. The decision of the Advisory
 Committee shall be in writing, with copies provided to the applicant, and the City’s Sustainability
 Coordinator.
(d) A person aggrieved by a decision of the Advisory Committee shall have five (5) business days to
 appeal the decision to the City Manager or his/her designee. The appeal shall be in writing and
 shall state the basis for the appeal. The decision of the City Manager shall be final.

VII. Enforcement and Remedies.

(a) This Article shall be enforced by the City Manager or his/her designee;
(b) The City Manager or his/her designee shall have the authority to enact rules and regulations in
 order to implement the provisions of this Article;

 5
(c) A violation of this Article may constitute a civil violation and may be enforced pursuant to
 Chapter 1, section 1-15 of the Portland City Code and/or by providing additional education to an
 individual or entity that has been found in violation of the Article. Additional education will be
 provided to an individual that has been found to violate the provisions of the ordinance; and
(d) This Article shall not be construed or interpreted to allow an activity otherwise prohibited by law.

VIII. Severability.

 To the extent any provision of this Article is deemed invalid by a court of competent
 jurisdiction, the balance of the Article that shall remain is valid.

IX. Effective Date.

 The provisions of this Article shall become effective one year after adoption by the City
 Council.




 6