Long Range Planning Committee — Fayetteville, AR
Date: 2025-09-18
Time: 17:00

100 W. Rock St, Suite 246
 Fayetteville, AR 72701

 Long Range Planning Agenda
 Rock St. Meeting Room / Virtual Meeting Via Zoom
 Thursday, September 18, 2025
 5:00 PM


 Members
 Chair Andrew Brink
 Vice Chair Brad Payne
 Secretary Jimm Garlock
 Matthew Cabe
 Nick Castin
 Fred Gulley
 Mary Madden
 Mary McGetrick
 Nick Werner

 City Staff
 Long Range and Historic Preservation Planner Kylee Cole
Long Range Planning and Special Projects Manager Britin Bostick
Long Range Planning September 18, 2025




Zoom Information

 Webinar ID:
 Registration Link:


Call to Order

Unfinished Business

New Business

 Discussion of ADM-2025-0031

 Discussion of ADM-2025-0031: Proposed amendments to the Unified
 Development Code for Urban Forestry requirements.


Announcements

 Downtown Plan kickoff

 Overview of Downtown Plan engagement for fall 2025.


Adjournment


NOTICE TO MEMBERS OF THE AUDIENCE
All interested parties may appear and be heard at the public hearings. If you wish to address
the Commissioners on an agenda item, please queue behind the podium when the Chair asks
for public comment. Once the Chair recognizes you, go to the podium and give your name and
address. Address your comments to the Chair, who is the presiding officer. The Chair will direct
your comments to the appropriate appointed official, staff, or others for response. Please keep
your comments brief, to the point, and relevant to the agenda item being considered so that
everyone has a chance to speak.

Interpreters of TDD, Telecommunications Device for the Deaf, are available for all public
hearings, 72 hour notice is required. For further information or to request an interpreter, please
call 575-8330.

As a courtesy please turn off all cell phones and pagers.


City of Fayetteville, Arkansas Page 2
Long Range Planning September 18, 2025




City of Fayetteville, Arkansas Page 3

100 W. Rock St, Suite 246
 Fayetteville, AR 72701

 Long Range Planning Agenda
 Rock St. Meeting Room / Virtual Meeting Via Zoom
 Thursday, September 18, 2025
 5:00 PM


 Members
 Chair Andrew Brink
 Vice Chair Brad Payne
 Secretary Jimm Garlock
 Matthew Cabe
 Nick Castin
 Fred Gulley
 Mary Madden
 Mary McGetrick
 Nick Werner

 City Staff
 Long Range and Historic Preservation Planner Kylee Cole
Long Range Planning and Special Projects Manager Britin Bostick
Long Range Planning September 18, 2025




Zoom Information

 Webinar ID:
 Registration Link:


Call to Order

Unfinished Business

New Business

 Discussion of ADM-2025-0031

 Discussion of ADM-2025-0031: Proposed amendments to the Unified
 Development Code for Urban Forestry requirements.


Announcements

 Downtown Plan kickoff

 Overview of Downtown Plan engagement for fall 2025.


Adjournment


NOTICE TO MEMBERS OF THE AUDIENCE
All interested parties may appear and be heard at the public hearings. If you wish to address
the Commissioners on an agenda item, please queue behind the podium when the Chair asks
for public comment. Once the Chair recognizes you, go to the podium and give your name and
address. Address your comments to the Chair, who is the presiding officer. The Chair will direct
your comments to the appropriate appointed official, staff, or others for response. Please keep
your comments brief, to the point, and relevant to the agenda item being considered so that
everyone has a chance to speak.

Interpreters of TDD, Telecommunications Device for the Deaf, are available for all public
hearings, 72 hour notice is required. For further information or to request an interpreter, please
call 575-8330.

As a courtesy please turn off all cell phones and pagers.


City of Fayetteville, Arkansas Page 2
Long Range Planning September 18, 2025




City of Fayetteville, Arkansas Page 3
 City of Fayetteville Tree Preservation Requirements: Challenges and
 Recommended Ordinance Amendments

Background:
In 2024, a new Urban Forestry Management Plan (UFMP) was adopted by City Council to provide
a ten-year strategic plan to preserve and expand the City’s tree canopy. The overall benefits of
canopy preservation and expansion acknowledged in the UFMP include carbon sequestration,
reduction of urban heat islands, energy savings, reduction of stormwater runoff, improvement of
air quality, enhancement of human health and wellness, and increase of property values. Five
guiding principles and 15 goals were established following an analysis of baseline data from a
2022 independent arborist assessment of the citywide urban forest, and internal and external
stakeholder input. Through this analysis, preservation and protection of existing trees was
identified as a high priority.

Among the challenges to continued preservation and expansion of Fayetteville’s urban forest
identified in the 2024 Management Plan was the need for updated tree-preservation policy aligned
with best practices and City priorities. In Appendix D, Ordinance Evaluation, the need to provide
incentives for tree preservation rather than mitigation was established as a top priority.

These proposed ordinance changes seek to clarify existing policy, as suggested in Appendix D,
and to address Goal C2, to “update or amend tree-related ordinances to support the citywide
canopy cover goal and other goals in the plan”. Priority actions to support this goal include
developing incentives to preserve existing canopy rather than opting for mitigation, and
conservation and protection of significant green spaces through protective easements and other
development provisions.

Proposed Ordinance Amendments:
Amendments to bring the Unified Development Code (UDC) into alignment with the UFMP are
recommended to:
 • 167.04(H)(4) Analysis Report to implement a requirement for projects not meeting their
 minimum canopy requirement on-site to submit an analysis report prepared by an
 International Society of Arboriculture (ISA)-certified arborist.
 • 167.04(L) Continuing Preservation and Protection Under Approved Tree Preservation
 Plans and Tree Preservation Easements to add clarifying subsection titles, and to create
 a new subsection describing the extent of activity permitted within a tree preservation
 easement.
 • 167.05(B) Tree Protection to clarify and strengthen the City of Fayetteville’s tree protection
 standards.
 • 167.04(A)(9) Hillside/Hilltop Overlay District to clarify the tree preservation plan
 requirements for applicants seeking building or grading permits within the HHOD. This
 change is needed following the 2024 amendment to §167.04 that introduced the
 abbreviated tree preservation plan requirement for projects between 1,200 and 6,000 sq.
 ft. of impervious surface.
 • 167.04(C) Canopy Area to require all zoning districts within the HHOD to submit a tree
 preservation plan, rather than just those with residential and C-1 designations.
 • 167.04(H)(1)(d) to clarify the location within the UDC of the definition of “significant trees”.
Discussion:
Policy Challenges
The primary objective of §167: Tree Preservation and Protection listed under §167.01(A)(1) is to
preserve existing tree canopy. §167.01(B)(1) states that “Preservation shall be the first, best, and
standard approach” and, to reflect that, the City of Fayetteville’s Tree Preservation and Protection
code outlines percent minimum canopy requirements for proposed developments based on
zoning designation. While applicants may remove canopy below the required minimum on-site,
opting instead to plant mitigation trees on or off-site, dedicate off-site tree preservation, mitigate
with green roofing or facades, or paying in to the tree escrow account, §167.04(H)(4) requires the
applicant to submit an analysis report describing design approaches used to minimize canopy
removal and enumerating the site constraints limiting canopy preservation.

While the current analysis report requirement under §167.04(H)(4) is intended to promote
thoughtful site design that prioritizes tree preservation, it lacks the specificity and professional
oversight needed to ensure its effectiveness. Because the code does not mandate who must
prepare the report, the quality and depth of analysis can vary widely between applicants, often
resulting in superficial or perfunctory justifications for mature tree removal. In many cases, reports
are prepared by consultants without arboricultural training, leading to inaccurate assessments of
tree health, survivability, or preservation feasibility. This gap weakens the code’s intent and
undermines the policy that preservation should be the first and best option. The proposed
amendment—to require that analysis reports be prepared by an International Society of
Arboriculture (ISA) certified arborist—introduces a much-needed standard of expertise and
consistency, ensuring that preservation decisions are based on sound, science-backed
evaluations rather than convenience or cost-saving measures.

Quantifying Preservation vs. Mitigation
Depending on species and site conditions, it may take between 10 and 40 years for a tree to
reach maturity. The ecosystem services provided by trees are numerous, including quantifiable
benefits such as carbon sequestration and storage, air-quality improvement, stormwater runoff
management, urban heat island mitigation, and crime-rate reduction, and exponentially greater
ecosystem services are provided by mature trees than smaller, newly planted trees.

In 2024, the Fayetteville City Council adopted a stormwater utility fee to support the development
of stormwater infrastructure, maintenance, and operations in response to recent increases in
stormwater runoff in Fayetteville. Between 2018 and 2022, the City of Fayetteville added 464
acres of impervious area within city limits, resulting in approximately 5.6 million gallons of
additional runoff associated with a 1-inch storm. While runoff and downstream flooding will be
reduced over time through the implementation of green infrastructure BMP’s, including tree
planting, mature trees provide exponentially more stormwater quantity and rate control benefits
than newly planted trees.

I-Tree’s MyTree tool, developed by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest
Service, estimates that a healthy 16” diameter at breast height (DBH) white oak tree has the
capacity to intercept 40,901 gallons of rainfall over 20 years, with 1,631 gallons intercepted in the
first year.

In the City of Fayetteville, §167.04(I)(4)(a) requires reforestation at a base density of 200 2-inch
caliper trees per acre removed below the minimum required canopy cover. Assuming the 16” DBH
white oak tree used in the example above has a canopy area of 500 square-feet, the removal of
that tree below the required minimum would require planting two 2-inch mitigation trees which,
assuming they are the same species as the removed tree, i-Tree’s tool estimates would intercept
a combined total of 10,339 gallons of rainfall over 20 years, with 275 gallons intercepted in the
first year after planting. Based on this model, the reduction in stormwater interception after
replacing one mature tree with two mitigation trees is 16% in the first year, and 25% over a 20-
year period.

In terms of overall annual ecosystem services output, i-Tree’s tool calculates the combined value
of carbon sequestration, storm water mitigation, air pollution removal, and energy savings
provided by individual trees based on their species, diameter, and proximity to the built
environment. Using the same example, a 16” DBH white oak tree in excellent condition, located
within 60 feet of a structure on the west side, provides approximately $683 of ecosystem benefits
over 20 years, whereas the two 2” caliper trees required to mitigate for the mature tree’s removal
are estimated to provide a combined total of $282 of ecosystem benefits over the same time span.
This is a 41% reduction in services provided. The decrease in ecosystem services estimated by
this model is reduced to 26% when the same trees are not within 60 feet of a building.

Policy Alignment Suggestions
The preservation of mature trees is a cornerstone of sustainable urban development and an
essential strategy for mitigating the environmental impacts of increasing impervious surfaces in
Fayetteville. As demonstrated through i-Tree modeling, mature trees deliver significantly greater
stormwater interception, carbon sequestration, and overall ecosystem services than replacement
plantings. Although reforestation requirements under §167.04(I)(4)(a) aim to restore canopy, they
cannot fully offset the loss in ecological value when mature trees are removed.

The proposed amendments to the City’s Tree Preservation and Protection code directly support
the overarching policy that “preservation shall be the first, best, and standard approach”.
Requiring an ISA-certified arborist to prepare an analysis report for projects that cannot meet their
on-site canopy requirements (§167.04(H)(4)) ensures a higher level of professional accountability
and informed decision-making regarding tree loss. Clarifications to preservation easement
standards (§167.04(L)) and strengthened tree protection fencing measures (§167.05(B)) will
provide clearer guidance and more enforceable protections for existing canopy. Updates to
HHOD-related requirements (§167.04(A)(9), §167.04(C)) expand preservation planning in
environmentally sensitive areas, ensuring that development in vulnerable terrains does not come
at the expense of long-term ecological health. Finally, improved clarity around the definition and
location of “significant trees” (§167.04(H)(1)(d)) reinforces the value of preserving high-impact
trees across all projects.

Together, these amendments close critical gaps in the City’s regulatory framework, aligning code
implementation more closely with the intent of §167—to preserve existing tree canopy as a key
public asset and environmental resource.

August 25, 2025 Planning Commission Input:
The primary concerns regarding the proposed ordinance amendments expressed by the Planning
Commission at the August 25 meeting were as follows:
 • §167.04(H)(4)
 o Clarify who is providing the initial tree survey and site plan
 o Specify ISA assessment levels required with submittal
 • §167.04(L)(3)
 o Specify a replacement ratio for unauthorized removal of trees from within a tree
 preservation easement
To address these concerns, staff has included suggested language in the attached proposed
ordinance documents.

Public Comment: The Urban Forestry Advisory Board has vetted these proposed ordinance
changes, and staff have integrated their suggestions. Staff have shared these proposed
ordinance changes with stakeholders in the development community and have fielded questions
but have not received feedback in support of or opposition to the amendments. Urban forestry
staff also corresponded with a local tree-care provider to request an estimate for the ISA-arborist-
conducted analysis report proposed in §167.04(H)(4). Their response is attached.

Attachments:
 • Proposed Ordinance (Clean):
 o UDC §167.04. Tree Preservation And Protection During Development
 o UDC §167.05. Tree Protection Measures And Construction
 • Proposed Ordinance (Strikethrough):
 o UDC §167.04. Tree Preservation And Protection During Development
 o UDC §167.05. Tree Protection Measures And Construction
 • Public Comment
 o Developer Inquiry
 o ISA-Arborist Assessment Estimate 1
 o ISA-Arborist Assessment Estimate 2
CHAPTER 167: TREE PRESERVATION AND PROTECTION


167.04 Tree Preservation And Protection During Development
(A) Applicability. The provisions of this section shall apply to proposed developments as defined by the
 Unified Development Code as follows:
 (1) Large Scale Developments.
 (2) Large Site Improvement Plan.
 (3) Small Site Improvement Plan.
 (4) Preliminary Plat.
 (5) Final Plat.
 (6) Concurrent Plat.
 (7) Planned Zoning Districts.
 (8) Parking Lots. Tree preservation requirements apply to all permit applications for the
 construction of parking lots with five (5) or more spaces. An abbreviated tree preservation
 plan, as set forth in §167.04(H)(3), shall be submitted with the application for permits on
 projects that are required to go through the subdivision or large scale development process.
 (9) Hillside/Hilltop Overlay District. A tree preservation plan or an abbreviated tree preservation
 plan, as set forth in §167.04(H)(3), shall be submitted for projects located within the
 Hillside/Hilltop Overlay District.
 (10) Grading Permit. A tree preservation plan or an abbreviated tree preservation plan, as set
 forth in §167.04(H)(3), shall be submitted with the application for grading permits on projects
 that are not required to go through the development process.
 (11) Building Permits. Tree preservation requirements apply to all permit applications for
 developments of greater than 1,200 square feet of impervious area. An abbreviated tree
 preservation plan, as set forth in §167.04 (H)(3), shall be submitted with the application for
 building permits on projects that are not required to go through the subdivision, large scale
 development, or site improvement plan process. There shall be no land disturbance, grading,
 or tree removal until an abbreviated tree preservation plan has been submitted and
 approved, and the tree protection measures at the site inspected and approved.
 (12) Exemptions. Projects not listed above or not impacting tree canopy are not required to submit
 a tree preservation plan or review from Urban Forestry.
 (a) Person seeking to construct 1,200 square feet or less of impervious area are specifically
 exempt from the provisions of this section except when the land is located within the
 Hillside/Hilltop Overlay District; then all the provisions of this ordinance shall apply.
 (b) Structural changes to buildings located in the Hillside/Hilltop Overlay District that do not
 result in an enlargement of the building footprint or roof dripline shall not require an
 abbreviated tree preservation plan.
(B) Tree Preservation Criteria. The Urban Forester shall consider the following factors, and any other
 relevant information, when evaluating tree preservation plans:
 (1) The desirability of preserving a tree or group of trees by reason of age, location, size, or
 species.
 (2) Whether the design incorporates the required tree preservation priorities.
 (3) The extent to which the area would be subject to environmental degradation due to removal
 of the tree or group of trees.
 (4) The impact of the reduction in tree cover on adjacent properties, the surrounding
 neighborhood and the property on which the tree or group of trees is located.
 (5) Whether alternative construction methods have been proposed to reduce the impact of
 development on existing trees.
 (6) Whether the size or shape of the lot reduces the flexibility of the design.
 (7) The general health and condition of the tree or group of trees, or the presence of any disease,
 injury, or hazard.
 (8) The placement of the tree or group of trees in relation to utilities, structures, and the use of
 the property.
 (9) The need to remove the tree or group of trees for the purpose of installing, repairing,
 replacing, or maintaining essential public utilities.
 (10) Whether proposed roads and proposed utilities are designed in relation to the existing
 topography, and routed, where possible, to avoid damage to existing canopy.
 (11) Construction requirements of on-site and off-site drainage.
 (12) The effects of proposed on-site mitigation or off-site alternatives.
 (13) The effect other chapters of the Unified Development Code, or city policies have on the
 development design.
 (14) The extent to which development of the site and the enforcement of this chapter are impacted
 by state and federal regulations.
 (15) The impact a substantial modification or rejection of the application would have on the
 applicant.
*Note—The above items are not presented in any particular order of importance. The weight each is
given will depend in large part on the individual characteristics of each project.
(C) Canopy Area. In all proposed developments that are required to submit a tree preservation plan or
 abbreviated tree preservation plan, trees shall be preserved as outlined in Table 1 under Percent
 Minimum Canopy, unless the applicant has been approved for on-site mitigation or off-site
 alternatives as set forth in §167.04(I) and (J) below. The square foot percentage of canopy area
 required for preservation in new development is based on the total area of the property for which the
 applicant is seeking approval, less the right-of-way and park land dedications. An applicant shall not
 be required to plant trees in order to reach the percent minimum canopy requirement on land where
 less than the minimum exists prior to development.
 Table 1
 Minimum Canopy Requirements
 ZONING DESIGNATIONS PERCENT
 MINIMUM
 CANOPY
 R-A, Residential — Agricultural (nonagricultural uses) 25%
 RSF-.5, Single-family Residential — One-Half Unit per Acre 25%
 RSF-1, Single-family Residential — One Unit per Acre 25%
 RSF-2, Single-family Residential — Two Units per Acre 20%
 RSF-4, Single-family Residential — Four Units per Acre 25%
 RSF-7, Single-family Residential — Seven Units per Acre 20%
 RSF-8, Single-family Residential — Eight Units per Acre 20%
 RSF-18, Single-family Residential — Eighteen Units per Acre 20%
 R-O, Residential — Office 20%


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 RI-12, Residential Intermediate — Twelve Units Per Acre 20%
 RI-U, Residential Intermediate — Urban 15%
 RMF-6, Multi-family Residential — Six Units per Acre 20%
 RMF-12, Multi-family Residential — Twelve Units per Acre 20%
 RMF-18, Multi-family Residential — Eighteen Units per Acre 20%
 RMF-24, Multi-family Residential — Twenty-Four Units per Acre 20%
 RMF-40, Multi-family Residential — Forty Units per Acre 20%
 NS-L, Neighborhood Services — Limited 20%
 NS-G, Neighborhood Services — General 20%
 C-1, Neighborhood Commercial 20%
 CS, Community Services 20%
 C-2, Thoroughfare Commercial 15%
 UN, Urban Neighborhood 15%
 UC, Urban Corridor 20%
 UT, Urban Thoroughfare 15%
 C-3, Central Business Commercial 15%
 DC, Downtown Core 10%
 MSC, Main Street Center 10%
 DG, Downtown General 10%
 NC, Neighborhood Conservation 20%
 I-1, Heavy Commercial and Light Industrial 15%
 I-2, General Industrial 15%
 P-1, Institutional 25%
 PZD, Planned Zoning District 25%
 (HHOD) (30%)



All zoning districts within the Hillside/Hilltop Overlay District shall have their percent minimum canopy
requirements increased by 5%.
(D) Prior Tree Removal.
 (1) If trees have been removed below the required percent minimum canopy within the five (5)
 years preceding application for a development, the site must be forested to meet the Percent
 Minimum Canopy requirements set forth in Table 1, plus an additional 10% of the total area
 of the property for which the applicant is seeking approval, less the right-of-way and park
 land dedications. The number of trees required to be planted shall be calculated using the
 base density for high priority trees.
 (2) Waiver. If an applicant is able to demonstrate to the Planning Commission's satisfaction that
 the trees were removed for a bona fide agricultural purpose, and not with the intent to thwart
 enforcement of this chapter, the additional 10% reforestation requirement shall be waived.
(E) Tree Preservation Priorities.
 (1) Percent Minimum Canopy. Proposed designs must meet the percent minimum canopy
 requirements for the particular zoning designation, emphasizing the preservation and
 protection of high priority trees on the site. Trees in existing and not to be vacated utility
 easements shall not be counted toward the percent minimum canopy requirement and such
 utilities shall be routed, wherever possible, to avoid existing canopy.
 (2) Existing Natural Features. Each design shall consider the existing natural features of the
 site, the preservation priorities for the trees, and the impact their proposed removal may
 have both on and off-site.

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 (3) Priority Trees. The preservation and protection of high priority trees shall be enforced most
 stringently to meet the minimum percentage of canopy preservation. High priority trees are
 alive, healthy, greater than or equal to an 8-inch diameter at breast height for large and
 medium species of trees. High priority for small species of trees is greater than or equal to a
 4-inch diameter. Low priority trees are invasive species or unhealthy as determined by a tree
 care professional pursuant to §167.07. Low priority trees are less than an 8-inch diameter at
 breast height for larger and medium species and less than a 4-inch diameter at breast height
 for smaller trees species.
(F) Tree Preservation Requirements for Proposed Residential and Non-Residential Developments.
 (1) Residential Developments. The percent minimum canopy in residential developments shall
 be located in areas that have the least possibility of impact as public infrastructure and
 proposed utilities are installed and homes built. The intent is to leave undisturbed as many
 existing trees as possible for the use and enjoyment of prospective lot owners. Residential
 developments requesting tree removal below the percent minimum canopy requirement may
 choose either residential on-site mitigation, or to contribute to the Tree Escrow Account as
 set forth in §167.04(J)(4)(a). Trees in existing and not to be vacated utility easements shall
 not be counted toward the percent minimum canopy requirement, and such proposed utilities
 shall be routed to avoid existing canopy and shall count toward the percent minimum canopy
 requirement.
 (2) Nonresidential Developments. Two (2) options are available for establishing a tree
 preservation plan for the development of nonresidential developments. The Urban Forester
 shall recommend to the Planning Commission the option that will potentially preserve the
 largest amount of high priority canopy based upon the tree preservation criteria set forth in
 §167.04(B) above.
 (a) Preservation Plan for Entire Development. The developer may choose to preserve the
 percent minimum canopy required for the entire development. With this option, the
 preserved canopy shall be located in areas that will not be impacted by future
 development of the individual lots. Canopy to be preserved shall be noted on the final
 plat, and shall be protected as set forth in §167.04(L) below. Should the entire percent
 minimum canopy requirement for the site be so protected, the preserved canopy shall
 be placed in a tree preservation easement and the final plat shall include a statement
 that the individual lots, as represented thereon, shall not require separate tree
 preservation plans.
 (b) Preservation Plan for Infrastructure Only. The developer, in consultation with city staff,
 shall delineate the area required for the construction of the infrastructure and
 improvements for the development. This area should include street rights-of-way, and
 utility and drainage easements. Proposed lot lines, streets, and easements shall be
 located to avoid placing a disproportionate percentage of existing canopy in any one
 (1) proposed lot. This option shall not allow the removal of trees during the grading of
 individual lots, unless shown by the developer to be essential to the project's
 engineering design. The developer will be required to compensate for the canopy
 removed from defined individual lots by making the appropriate payment into the Tree
 Escrow Account. On all other areas of the development, the developer shall protect the
 existing canopy during the construction phase in accordance with §167.05 below. The
 final plat shall include a statement that the individual lots shall require separate tree
 preservation plans.
 (3) Hillside/Hilltop Overlay District. Individual parcels or lots located within the Hillside/Hilltop
 Overlay District boundary shall submit a tree preservation plan or an abbreviated tree
 preservation plan as set forth in §167.04(H)(3) indicating the location of the structure and
 the preservation of the minimum tree canopy requirement.


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 (4) Developers have the option of creating cluster development, such as a Planned Zoning
 District, which would encourage more open space and tree preservation. In this pattern of
 development, the trees preserved or open space on each lot can be transferred to a larger
 Tree Preservation Easement instead of individual lots required to meet minimum percent
 requirements. The Tree Preservation Easements shall be clearly depicted on easement plats
 or final plats.
(G) Initial Review.
 (1) Meeting with the Urban Forester. It is strongly recommended that prospective applicants
 meet with the Urban Forester for an initial review of the proposed tree preservation plan for
 the site prior to submitting a proposed development to the city. During the initial review, the
 Urban Forester shall make recommendations to ensure the proposed subdivision or
 development complies with the requirements of this chapter. These recommendations shall
 be nonbinding. However, applicants proceed at the risk of higher costs and longer approval
 times due to changes required by a noncompliant submittal should they choose not to have
 the initial review or to disregard the recommendations of the Urban Forester.
 (2) Confirmation. The Urban Forester shall document whether the applicant participated in the
 initial review meeting in the Tree Preservation and Protection staff report given to applicants
 going through the development review process. If the applicant chooses to attend an initial
 review meeting, the staff report shall also document any recommendations made. The Urban
 Forester shall ensure that a copy of the report or email becomes part of the permanent file
 for the project.
(H) Submittal of Plans. Applicants should bear in mind that all plans will be evaluated according to the
 tree preservation criteria and percent minimum canopy requirements as set forth under §167.04(B)
 and (C).
 (1) Tree Preservation Plan. On sites with existing tree canopy, the applicant shall conduct a tree
 preservation analysis to determine the approximate age, health, size and species distribution
 of the trees, noting each on a tree preservation plan, and clearly showing the locations and
 types of all natural features on a site, including features 100 feet beyond the property lines.
 The tree preservation plan shall also specifically depict the applicable preservation priority
 level for each tree or group of trees on the site. The plan should include, but not be limited
 to, delineation of the following features as they exist on the site:
 (a) The existing topography of the site highlighting slopes of 15% or greater, and indicating
 the natural drainage patterns;
 (b) The property line boundaries of the site;
 (c) Soils identified according to the Unified Soil Classification System;
 (d) Any significant trees, as defined in Chapter 151: Definitions existing on the site, and the
 location of trunks, spread of the canopy, species, diameter at breast height (DBH), and
 the overall health of each significant tree;
 (e) Groupings of trees, delineating the edges of the overall canopy, noting the predominate
 species, average height, diameter at breast height (DBH), and general health of the
 trees.
 (f) All existing utilities and utility easements;
 (g) All features, including trees, buildings, perennial and intermittent streams and creeks
 that exist on the site or within 100 feet of the limits of disturbance;
 (h) Floodplains and floodways on the site;




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 (i) All existing rights-of-way within and surrounding the project site, including any
 designated trails or bike paths; and,
 (j) Any other factors that may impact the design of the site.
 (2) Additional Tree Preservation Plan Content. The applicant shall indicate all proposed site
 improvements, and delineate in the tree preservation plan the trees to be retained on-site,
 and the measures to be implemented for their protection. These measures shall include, but
 need not be limited to, fencing, limits of root pruning, as well as restrictions on traffic and
 material storage. The plan shall also clearly depict the limits of soil disturbance to include all
 areas to be graded both on and off-site, as well as the proposed location of utilities. The
 applicant should consult the City of Fayetteville Tree Preservation, Protection and
 Landscape Manual for details, examples and specific checklists. Examples can be provided
 upon request to the Urban Forester.
 (3) Abbreviated Tree Preservation Plan. Applicants requesting approval of development
 projects for between 1,201 to 10,000 square feet of impervious area that require building
 permits, grading, or parking lot permits, but that do not fall under the requirements for
 developments required to go through the development review process of Technical Plat
 Review Committee, and/or Planning Commission, shall prepare and submit an abbreviated
 tree preservation plan. The information for an abbreviated tree preservation plan may be
 combined with the site plan, plat drawing, or grading plan. The applicant is expected to show
 the general location of all existing groups of trees, individual significant trees, and to clearly
 depict the limits of soil disturbance to include all areas to be graded, both on and off-site, as
 well as the proposed location of utilities. Protective measures such as fencing, limits of root
 pruning, restriction on traffic and materials storage shall be depicted on the plan. A
 preliminary site visit with the Urban Forester is highly recommended before applying for any
 of the above-mentioned permits. The applicant should consult the City of Fayetteville Tree
 Preservation, Protection, and Landscape Manual for details, and specific checklists.
 Applicants submitting abbreviated tree preservation plans shall not be required to submit an
 analysis report, nor shall they be required to hire architects, engineers, or landscape
 architects to prepare the abbreviated tree preservation plan.
 (4) Analysis Report. The applicant shall submit an analysis report prepared and signed by an
 International Society of Arboriculture (ISA)-certified arborist when minimum percent canopy
 is not met. The report shall include the following:
 a) Tree Health and Structure Evaluation. The arborist shall conduct a Level 1: Limited
 Visual Assessment of the site. In conjunction with the site plan provided by the design
 professional, the arborist shall conduct a Level 2: Basic Assessment or Level 3: Advanced
 Assessment of significant trees, as defined in §151, shown to be removed or impacted by
 the proposed development, and preserved trees showing signs of disease or damage.
 b) Feasibility of Preservation: Site constraints preventing preservation (e.g. topography,
 utility conflicts), evaluation of design modifications that could increase tree retention, and
 tree protection measures explored and their viability.
 c) Recommendations and Justification: Summary of why minimum preservation cannot be
 met, and a recommended course of action.
 On sites where invasive tree species, as defined in §177.09, are present, or where existing
 canopy is of low quality or limited extent, as determined by the urban forester, urban
 forestry staff may waive or modify this requirement to prioritize the preservation of high-
 quality, non-invasive tree species.




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 (5) Grading and Utility Plans. All subsequent grading and utility plans shall depict Tree
 Preservation Areas, preserved trees, and the physical limits of all protective measures on
 site required during construction.
 (6) Submittal Requirements. The applicant shall submit a tree preservation plan. Development
 plans with removal of tree canopy below percent minimum canopy shall submit an analysis
 report to the Urban Forester, concurrently with their tree preservation plan. Applicants
 submitting abbreviated tree preservation plans shall not be required to submit analysis
 report.
 (7) Tree Preservation Easements. The City of Fayetteville shall encourage the use of Tree
 Preservation Easements for the added protection of trees preserved to meet percent
 minimum canopy requirements or trees planted, in those instances where such would be of
 mutual benefit to the applicant and the City of Fayetteville.
(I) Request for On-Site Mitigation.
 (1) Timing of Request for On-Site Mitigation. Requests to remove trees below the percent
 minimum canopy requirement must be incorporated with the applicant's tree preservation
 plan.
 (2) Plan Requirements. The tree preservation plan must graphically represent the species and
 location for all existing trees on-site. It shall also include a chart clearly stating the following
 information:
 (a) The number of trees requested for removal;
 (b) The percentage below the percent minimum canopy requirement they represent; and
 (c) The species and number of trees to be planted based on the forestation requirements
 below.
 (3) Planting Details and Notes. Planting details and notes shall be included on the tree
 preservation plan or landscape plan as set forth in the City of Fayetteville Tree Preservation,
 Protection, and Landscape Manual.
 (4) Forestation Requirements. The number and species of trees required for forestation shall be
 based upon the quality of the canopy lost:
 (a) High Priority Canopy. When removing high priority canopy below the percent minimum
 canopy required, the canopy square footage removed shall be forested at a base
 density of two hundred (200), 2-inch caliper trees per acre removed.
 (b) Low Priority Canopy. When removing low priority canopy below the percent minimum
 required, the canopy square footage removed shall be forested at a base density of one
 hundred (100), 2-inch caliper trees per acre removed.
 (5) Base Density. Compensating for the environmental damage caused by removing tree
 canopy shall be accomplished by forestation on a per acre basis. The base density formula
 used above is based on 2-inch caliper trees. However, the urban forester may approve the
 use of trees with less than 2-inch caliper for the planting of smaller tree species required by
 spatial constraints on the site. In such cases, the number of trees to be planted may be
 adjusted in accordance with the species table to be found in the City of Fayetteville Tree
 Preservation, Protection, and Landscape Manual.
 (6) Preferred Species. All trees to be planted shall be species native to the Ozark region or
 native cultivars, when available, or selected from the list of preferred tree species set forth
 in the City of Fayetteville Tree Preservation, Protection and Landscape Manual. Species
 selection shall be based upon the amount of space available for proper growth on the site,
 and must be approved by the Urban Forester.


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 (7) Placement of Trees. The applicant is expected to plant trees in locations on the site where
 the environmental benefits of canopy cover are most likely to offset the impact of
 development. Trees shall not be placed within utility easements, or in other locations where
 their future protection cannot be assured.
 (8) Residential On-Site Mitigation. Applicants requesting on-site mitigation for residential
 developments shall comply with all the provisions of §167.04(I), as well as the following:
 (a) The applicant's mitigation plan shall meet or exceed the required number of mitigation
 trees based on the forestation requirements as set forth at §167.04(I)(4).
 (b) All plans requesting residential on-site mitigation shall include a binding three (3) year
 maintenance and monitoring plan, which shall hold the applicant responsible for the
 health of all planted trees.
 (i) Approval of a plan requesting residential on-site mitigation shall be
 contingent upon the applicant depositing with the city an irrevocable letter of
 credit in an amount equal to the estimated cost of materials and labor for all
 trees at the time of planting. The irrevocable letter of credit must cover the
 entire three (3) year maintenance and monitoring period. Applicant shall
 submit cost estimates to the Urban Forester for approval.
 (ii) Upon completion of the three (3) year landscape establishment period, the
 Urban Forester shall inspect the site and determine whether 90% of the trees
 are healthy and have a reasonable chance of surviving to maturity. Upon
 such a finding, the city shall release the letter of credit.
 (iii) In the absence of such a finding, the applicant shall be notified to replace any
 unhealthy or dead trees, or take other appropriate action as approved by the
 Urban Forester. If the applicant does not take remedial steps to bring the
 property into compliance, the city shall use the necessary moneys from the
 landscape establishment guarantee to do so.
 (iv) In the event trees are injured or destroyed by natural disasters, including but
 not limited to, tornadoes, straight-line winds, ice storms, fire, floods, hail, or
 lightning strikes, or through the independent actions of third parties, the
 applicant shall be relieved of the responsibility of replanting the tree or trees
 so affected.
 (c) Developers requesting mitigation trees be planted along the street right-of-way of
 residential developments shall submit a landscape plan that complies with the
 standards outlined in the City of Fayetteville Tree Preservation, Protection, and
 Landscape Manual in order to ensure that new trees planted are of the highest quality,
 require low maintenance, and do not interfere with public safety. The species of trees
 to be planted shall be selected from the approved street tree species list, or be
 otherwise specifically approved by the Urban Forester. The applicant's mitigation plan
 for planting street trees shall describe in detail the method for tracking the development
 of the individual lots, which shall best ensure that required number and species of
 mitigation trees are planted.
 (9) Request for On-Site Mitigation Alternatives (Green Roofs or Green Façades).
 (a) Intent. The intent is to allow previously developed sites with at least 50% existing
 impervious area and limited space for planting trees to use on-site mitigation
 alternatives to meet the mitigation requirements and still contribute beneficial plant
 materials that provide positive ecosystem services.
 (b) Applicability. On-Site Mitigation Alternatives shall only be allowed as alternatives to
 planting trees in form-based zoning districts that allow for mixed-use and do not have a
 building area maximum requirement. On-Site Mitigation Alternatives may not be utilized
 on sites that have adequate space to meet landscape requirements.

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 (c) Timing of Request for On-Site Mitigation Alternatives. Requests for on-site alternatives
 must be incorporated and submitted concurrently with the applicant's tree preservation
 plan.
 (d) Intensive Green Roof. A green roof with 6 inches or great soil medium that can sustain
 plant species with deeper root systems.
 (e) Extensive Green Roof. A green roof with 2 to 5 inches of soil medium that can sustain
 plant species with shallow root systems.
 (f) Green Façade. A green façade is created by growing climbing plants up and across the
 façade of a building, either from plants grown directly in the ground or a large container
 of at least 12 inches of soil medium. Plants can attach directly to the building or be
 supported with a 12-inch by 12-inch trellis system connected to the building.
 (g) Mitigation Alternative Calculations. The applicant's plan to install an extensive green
 roof, intensive green roof, and green façade in lieu of a mitigation tree shall be based
 from square footage of tree canopy.
 (i) The calculation for an extensive green roof shall be based from a ratio of 1
 square foot of tree canopy to 2.5 square feet of extensive green roof.
 (ii) The calculation for an intensive green roof shall be based from a ratio of 1
 square foot of tree canopy to 1.4 square feet of intensive green roof.
 (iii) The calculation for a green façade shall be done based from a ratio of 1
 square foot of tree canopy to 2.5 square feet of green façade.
(J) Request for Off-Site Alternatives.
 (1) Timing of Request for Off-Site Alternatives. Requests for off-site alternatives must be
 incorporated in, and submitted concurrently with the applicant's tree preservation plan.
 (2) Off-Site Preservation. The applicant may seek approval of the Urban Forester to preserve
 an equal or greater amount of canopy cover at a site within the city limits.
 (3) Off-Site Forestation.
 (a) If off-site preservation cannot be achieved, the applicant may seek approval from the
 Urban Forester to plant the required number of trees on another site owned by the
 applicant and located within the city limits. A tree preservation easement must be
 conveyed concurrently with or prior to submission of a final plat by the applicant to the
 city to protect any off-site preservation or forestation and the legal description of the
 tree preservation easement shall also appear on the final plat.
 (b) An applicant may plant and maintain mitigation trees needed for the applicant's
 development as to fulfill the obligation set forth in Chapter 167, Tree Preservation and
 Protection, in a nearby city park or public right-of-way if expressly approved by City
 Council resolution. The City Council shall seek advice from the Urban Forester, Parks
 and Recreation Department staff and citizens about the advisability of forestation of the
 nearby city park and may apply express conditions including requiring irrigation to be
 installed and regular maintenance to be performed by the applicant.
 (4) Tree Escrow Account. Tree preservation on-site is always the preferred option, with on-site
 mitigation, off-site preservation, off-site forestation, and on-site mitigation alternatives to be
 considered in descending order only if the more preferred option cannot be fully achieved. If
 none of these options can completely fulfill a developer's obligation under this Tree
 Preservation and Protection Chapter, the developer shall pay into the City Tree Escrow
 Account $250.00 for each tree required to meet the Base Density requirements which fairly
 represents the costs of material and labor to plant a tree. The developer shall also pay into
 the Tree Escrow Fund $425.00 as three (3) years of maintenance costs to ensure each tree
 survives for that period of time. Tree planting and maintenance costs should be reviewed at

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 least every four (4) years to ensure it remains the fair market costs for tree planting and
 maintenance for three (3) years.
 (a) Developments proposed as building permits under Level 2 as outlined in §166.02 (E)(2)
 are eligible for contribution to the tree escrow account as an option.
 (b) Residential developments which cannot achieve the base density tree requirements
 through preservation or mitigation shall contribute to the Tree Escrow Account. The city
 shall use the money paid into the Tree Escrow Account to plant trees within the
 development along rights-of-way detention ponds, common areas or other areas where
 trees can be protected and have ahigh probability of survival to a mature tree. This shall
 be accomplished once the development is built out or as approved by the Urban
 Forester.
 (c) Money contributed in lieu of on-site mitigation or off-site forestation shall be paid prior
 to issuance of a building permit on all commercial, industrial, or multi-family residential
 buildings and prior to final plat acceptance for all residential and non-residential
 subdivisions.
 (d) Money contributed under this section:
 (i) May be used for canopy mitigation, including planting site identification, tree
 acquisition, planting, and maintenance, utilizing either city staff or contract
 labor;
 (ii) Shall not revert to the general fund for ongoing operations.
 (e) If it is not possible to plant trees within the development, planting locations will be sought
 in appropriate sites within a 1 mile radius of where the original project is located, but if
 this cannot be achieved, the moneys shall be used to plant the trees in the park
 quadrant in which the development took place, or pursuant to §167.04(J)(2) and (3).
 Data extracted from the urban forest analysis should be consulted when identifying
 appropriate locations to plant escrow funded trees.
 (f) The City of Fayetteville shall refund the portion of the money contributed under this
 section, including the accrued interest that has not been expended seven (7) years from
 the date of the contribution. Interest shall be based on a 4% annual rate.
 (g) Refunds shall be paid to the present owner of the property that was the subject of new
 development and against which the fee was assessed and collected.
 (h) Notice of the right to a refund, including the amount of the refund and the procedure for
 applying for and receiving the refund, shall be sent or served in writing to the applicant
 no later than thirty (30) days after the date which the refund becomes due. The sending
 by regular mail of the notices to the applicant shall be sufficient to satisfy the
 requirement of notice.
 (i) The refund shall be made on a pro rata basis and shall be paid in full no later than ninety
 (90) days after the date certain upon which the refund becomes due.
 (j) At the time of the contribution to the Tree Escrow Account, the Urban Forester shall
 provide the applicant with written notice of those circumstances under which refunds of
 such fees will be made. Failure to deliver such written notice shall not invalidate any
 contribution to the Tree Escrow Account under this ordinance.
(K) Tree Preservation Plan Review Form. The Urban Forester shall use a standardized form for all
 recommendations or administrative determinations made regarding an applicant's tree preservation
 plan.
 (1) The form shall clearly indicate whether the Urban Forester is making a final administrative
 determination, or a recommendation to the Planning Commission or City Council.


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 (2) The form shall also clearly indicate the applicant's plan is "APPROVED," "DISAPPROVED,"
 or "CONDITIONALLY APPROVED," and explain the reasoning therefore.
 (3) A statement shall appear on the form explaining the process by which a final administrative
 determination may be appealed in accordance with Chapter 155 of the Unified Development
 Code.
 (4) The Urban Forester shall sign and date the form, and ensure that a copy becomes part of
 the permanent file for the project.
(L) Continuing Preservation and Protection Under Approved Tree Preservation Plans and Tree
 Preservation Easements.
 (1) Tree Preservation Easement Dedication. Large scale developments, large site
 improvements, and commercial preliminary plats are required to dedicate a tree preservation
 easement, if any existing trees are to be preserved. The tree preservation easement shall
 be the size of the minimum canopy preservation requirement, if possible. If the minimum tree
 preservation canopy is not available, the applicant will not be required to dedicate the
 minimum canopy preservation. The applicant will have to dedicate a tree preservation
 easement that is agreed upon with The Urban Forester. In order to ensure that an applicant's
 heirs, successors, assigns, or any subsequent purchasers of the subject property are put on
 notice as to the existence and extent of approved tree preservation easements which shall
 be clearly depicted and noted on the easement plats for large scale developments, large and
 small site improvements, commercial final plats, and any plats with a tree preservation
 easement. This shall be accompanied by a narrative statement describing the nature of the
 protection afforded and bearing the signature of the Urban Forester. If it is impractical to
 include the actual depiction of the canopy in a tree preservation easement on the easement
 plat, or final plat itself, a note cross referencing an accompanying document shall suffice.
 (2) Tree Preservation Easement Vacation. The geographical extent and location of a tree
 preservation easement, once recorded, may only be vacated in whole or in part with the
 express approval of the City Council. Applicants requesting such vacation of an existing tree
 preservation easement shall bear the burden of proving to the City Council’s satisfaction that
 such vacation is in the best interests of the City of Fayetteville and its residents and
 businesses. The application for vacation of a tree preservation easement shall be submitted
 to the urban forester who should present the request and the urban forester’s
 recommendations to the Urban Forestry Advisory Board for its review and recommendations
 prior to placing the vacation request on the City Council Agenda. The City Council may
 require that vacation of some or all of a tree preservation easement shall be offset by the
 establishment of a new tree preservation easement of greater size and/or improved canopy
 health and ecological benefit to our community. The City may require that a proposed new
 tree preservation easement be improved by the owner by substantial removal of invasive
 species, planting of trees approved by the urban forester to improve the canopy within the
 proposed new tree preservation easement, and/or other mitigation measures..
 (3) Disturbance and Maintenance of Tree Preservation Easements.
 Tree preservation easements are established for the express purpose of protecting and
 maintaining existing tree canopy in perpetuity. Therefore, no grading, excavation,
 construction, trenching, or any other form of land disturbance or development activity shall
 be permitted within the boundaries of a recorded tree preservation easement.
 No trees—live or dead—shall be removed from a tree preservation easement unless they
 are identified as invasive species. The removal of invasive plant species, including trees, is
 permitted and encouraged to support the long-term health and ecological integrity of the
 preservation area. Such removal should be conducted in accordance with best management
 practices and, when applicable, under the supervision of a certified arborist.


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 Removal of native trees is prohibited, except in cases where such action is necessary to
 mitigate a verified hazard to life or property. Any such activity must follow industry best
 practices and be conducted with care to minimize disturbance.
 Unauthorized removal, cutting, or disturbance of native trees or vegetation within a tree
 preservation easement constitutes a violation of this chapter and may result in enforcement
 actions including, but not limited to restoration requirements, and replanting with native or
 regionally appropriate species at the high priority canopy ratio.


(Code 1991, §162.10; Ord. No. 2699, §10, 4-20-93; Ord. No. 3901, §1, 7-5-95; Ord. No. 3963, §6, 4-16-
96; Ord. No. 4100, §2 (Ex. A), 6-16-98; Ord. No. 4340, 10-2-01; Ord. No. 4539 02-03-04; Ord. No. 4855,
4-18-06; Ord. No. 4930, 10-03-06; Ord. No. 5308, 3-16-10; Ord. No. 5312, 4-20-10; Ord. No. 5427, 8-2-
11; Ord. No. 5513, 7-17-12; Ord. No. 5773, 5-19-15; Ord. No. 5818, 10-20-15; Ord. No. 5824, §3, 11-17-
15; Ord. No. 5945, §17, 1-17-17; Ord. No. 5986, §§4(Exh. A), 5—35, 7-6-17; Ord. No. 6442, §§1(Exh.
A1), 2(Exh. B), 5(Exh. E), 6(Exh. F), 6-1-21; Ord. No. 6446, §9(Exh. D), 6-15-21; Ord. No. 6786, §§ 2—6,
8-20-24; Ord. No. 6793, § 5, 9-17-24; Ord. No. 6830, §4, 1-7-25; Ord. No. 6833, §7, 1-21-25)


167.05 Tree Protection Measures And Construction
(A) Site Inspection. A preliminary site inspection followed by periodic inspections will be conducted by
 the Urban Forester to ensure compliance with the tree preservation plan.
(B) Tree Protection. Trees illustrated as preserved on tree preservation plans shall be protected from
 construction activity to prevent impingement by or the storage of construction vehicles, materials,
 debris, spoils or equipment in areas with preserved trees. No filling, excavating or other land
 disturbance shall take place in areas with preserved trees. Before commencing any construction
 activity, the applicant shall construct tree protection barriers on the site to establish a tree protection
 zone (TPZ), the centroid of which shall be the trunk of the tree. If the tree’s canopy is asymmetrical,
 the radius of the TPZ shall extend from the trunk to the furthest extent of the dripline. In all cases,
 the TPZ shall be no less than 10 feet from the trunk or to the dripline, whichever is greater.. If the
 area within the tree’s dripline is affected by construction, the tree may be preserved but replacement
 plantings may be required by Urban Forestry as a part of the mitigation requirements. The Urban
 Forester may require other protective measures based upon the individual characteristics of the site
 and the proposed construction methods. Tree protection measures shall also protect any off-site
 trees, and the roots of which extend onto the site of the proposed construction. Any applicant
 damaging or destroying an off-site tree shall be required to mitigate such damage or destruction as
 prescribed by the Urban Forester. If the required barriers surrounding the areas with preserved trees
 are not adequately maintained during construction, the Urban Forester shall prescribe remedial
 measures and may issue a stop work order in accordance with §153.07(C). All remedial measures
 shall be completed within the specified amount of time and shall be considered prior to granting final
 plat approval or issuing a certificate of occupancy. 366
(Code 1991, §162.11; Ord. No. 3699, §11, 4-20-93; Ord. No. 3925, §8, 10-3-95; Ord. No. 3901, §1, 7-5-
95; Ord. No. 3963, §7, 4-16-96; Ord. No. 4008, §1, 12-17-96; Ord. No. 4100, §2 (Ex. A), 6-16-98; Ord.
No. 4340, 10-2-01; Ord. No. 5986, §36, 7-6-17)




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167.04 Tree Preservation And Protection During Development
(A) Applicability. The provisions of this section shall apply to proposed developments as defined by the Unified
 Development Code as follows:
 (1) Large Scale Developments.
 (2) Large Site Improvement Plan.
 (3) Small Site Improvement Plan.
 (4) Preliminary Plat.
 (5) Final Plat.
 (6) Concurrent Plat.
 (7) Planned Zoning Districts.
 (8) Parking Lots. Tree preservation requirements apply to all permit applications for the
 construction of parking lots with five (5) or more spaces. An abbreviated tree preservation
 plan, as set forth in §167.04(H)(3), shall be submitted with the application for permits on
 projects that are required to go through the subdivision or large scale development process.
 (9) Hillside/Hilltop Overlay District. A tree preservation plan or an abbreviated tree preservation
 plan, as set forth in §167.04(H)(3), shall be submitted for projects located within the
 Hillside/Hilltop Overlay District. Undeveloped land located within the Hillside/Hilltop Overlay
 District shall submit a tree preservation plan with the preliminary plat or site plan. Single and
 two (2) family residential development shall submit an abbreviated tree preservation and site
 plan at the time of applying for a building permit.
 (10) Grading Permit. A tree preservation plan or an abbreviated tree preservation plan, as set
 forth in §167.04(H)(3), shall be submitted with the application for grading permits on projects
 that are not required to go through the development process.
 (11) Building Permits. Tree preservation requirements apply to all permit applications for
 developments of greater than 1,200 square feet of impervious area. An abbreviated tree
 preservation plan, as set forth in §167.04 (H)(3), shall be submitted with the application for
 building permits on projects that are not required to go through the subdivision, large scale
 development, or site improvement plan process. There shall be no land disturbance, grading,
 or tree removal until an abbreviated tree preservation plan has been submitted and
 approved, and the tree protection measures at the site inspected and approved.
 (12) Exemptions. Projects not listed above or not impacting tree canopy are not required to submit
 a tree preservation plan or review from Urban Forestry.
 (a) Person seeking to construct 1,200 square feet or less of impervious area are specifically
 exempt from the provisions of this section except when the land is located within the
 Hillside/Hilltop Overlay District; then all the provisions of this ordinance shall apply.
 (b) Structural changes to buildings located in the Hillside/Hilltop Overlay District that do not
 result in an enlargement of the building footprint or roof dripline shall not require an
 abbreviated tree preservation plan.
(B) Tree Preservation Criteria. The Urban Forester shall consider the following factors, and any other relevant
 information, when evaluating tree preservation plans:
 (1) The desirability of preserving a tree or group of trees by reason of age, location, size, or
 species.
 (2) Whether the design incorporates the required tree preservation priorities.

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 (3) The extent to which the area would be subject to environmental degradation due to removal
 of the tree or group of trees.
 (4) The impact of the reduction in tree cover on adjacent properties, the surrounding
 neighborhood and the property on which the tree or group of trees is located.
 (5) Whether alternative construction methods have been proposed to reduce the impact of
 development on existing trees.
 (6) Whether the size or shape of the lot reduces the flexibility of the design.
 (7) The general health and condition of the tree or group of trees, or the presence of any disease,
 injury, or hazard.
 (8) The placement of the tree or group of trees in relation to utilities, structures, and the use of
 the property.
 (9) The need to remove the tree or group of trees for the purpose of installing, repairing,
 replacing, or maintaining essential public utilities.
 (10) Whether proposed roads and proposed utilities are designed in relation to the existing
 topography, and routed, where possible, to avoid damage to existing canopy.
 (11) Construction requirements of on-site and off-site drainage.
 (12) The effects of proposed on-site mitigation or off-site alternatives.
 (13) The effect other chapters of the Unified Development Code, or city policies have on the
 development design.
 (14) The extent to which development of the site and the enforcement of this chapter are impacted
 by state and federal regulations.
 (15) The impact a substantial modification or rejection of the application would have on the
 applicant.
*Note—The above items are not presented in any particular order of importance. The weight each is given will
depend in large part on the individual characteristics of each project.
(C) Canopy Area. In all proposed developments that are required to submit a tree preservation plan or
 abbreviated tree preservation plan, trees shall be preserved as outlined in Table 1 under Percent Minimum
 Canopy, unless the applicant has been approved for on-site mitigation or off-site alternatives as set forth in
 §167.04(I) and (J) below. The square foot percentage of canopy area required for preservation in new
 development is based on the total area of the property for which the applicant is seeking approval, less the
 right-of-way and park land dedications. An applicant shall not be required to plant trees in order to reach the
 percent minimum canopy requirement on land where less than the minimum exists prior to development.

 Table 1
 Minimum Canopy Requirements
 ZONING DESIGNATIONS PERCENT
 MINIMUM
 CANOPY
 R-A, Residential — Agricultural (nonagricultural uses) 25%
 RSF-.5, Single-family Residential — One-Half Unit per 25%
 Acre
 RSF-1, Single-family Residential — One Unit per Acre 25%
 RSF-2, Single-family Residential — Two Units per Acre 20%
 RSF-4, Single-family Residential — Four Units per Acre 25%


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 RSF-7, Single-family Residential — Seven Units per Acre 20%
 RSF-8, Single-family Residential — Eight Units per Acre 20%
 RSF-18, Single-family Residential — Eighteen Units per 20%
 Acre
 R-O, Residential — Office 20%
 RI-12, Residential Intermediate — Twelve Units Per Acre 20%
 RI-U, Residential Intermediate — Urban 15%
 RMF-6, Multi-family Residential — Six Units per Acre 20%
 RMF-12, Multi-family Residential — Twelve Units per Acre 20%
 RMF-18, Multi-family Residential — Eighteen Units per 20%
 Acre
 RMF-24, Multi-family Residential — Twenty-Four Units per 20%
 Acre
 RMF-40, Multi-family Residential — Forty Units per Acre 20%
 NS-L, Neighborhood Services — Limited 20%
 NS-G, Neighborhood Services — General 20%
 C-1, Neighborhood Commercial 20%
 CS, Community Services 20%
 C-2, Thoroughfare Commercial 15%
 UN, Urban Neighborhood 15%
 UC, Urban Corridor 20%
 UT, Urban Thoroughfare 15%
 C-3, Central Business Commercial 15%
 DC, Downtown Core 10%
 MSC, Main Street Center 10%
 DG, Downtown General 10%
 NC, Neighborhood Conservation 20%
 I-1, Heavy Commercial and Light Industrial 15%
 I-2, General Industrial 15%
 P-1, Institutional 25%
 PZD, Planned Zoning District 25%
 (HHOD) (30%)



All residential zoning districts and C-1 districts within the Hillside/Hilltop Overlay District shall have their percent
minimum canopy requirements increased by 5% to a total requirement of either 30% or 25%.
(D) Prior Tree Removal.
 (1) If trees have been removed below the required percent minimum canopy within the five (5)
 years preceding application for a development, the site must be forested to meet the Percent
 Minimum Canopy requirements set forth in Table 1, plus an additional 10% of the total area
 of the property for which the applicant is seeking approval, less the right-of-way and park
 land dedications. The number of trees required to be planted shall be calculated using the
 base density for high priority trees.




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 (2) Waiver. If an applicant is able to demonstrate to the Planning Commission's satisfaction that
 the trees were removed for a bona fide agricultural purpose, and not with the intent to thwart
 enforcement of this chapter, the additional 10% reforestation requirement shall be waived.
(E) Tree Preservation Priorities.
 (1) Percent Minimum Canopy. Proposed designs must meet the percent minimum canopy
 requirements for the particular zoning designation, emphasizing the preservation and
 protection of high priority trees on the site. Trees in existing and not to be vacated utility
 easements shall not be counted toward the percent minimum canopy requirement and such
 utilities shall be routed, wherever possible, to avoid existing canopy.
 (2) Existing Natural Features. Each design shall consider the existing natural features of the
 site, the preservation priorities for the trees, and the impact their proposed removal may
 have both on and off-site.
 (3) Priority Trees. The preservation and protection of high priority trees shall be enforced most
 stringently to meet the minimum percentage of canopy preservation. High priority trees are
 alive, healthy, greater than or equal to an 8-inch diameter at breast height for large and
 medium species of trees. High priority for small species of trees is greater than or equal to a
 4-inch diameter. Low priority trees are invasive species or unhealthy as determined by a tree
 care professional pursuant to §167.07. Low priority trees are less than an 8-inch diameter at
 breast height for larger and medium species and less than a 4-inch diameter at breast height
 for smaller trees species.
(F) Tree Preservation Requirements for Proposed Residential and Non-Residential Developments.
 (1) Residential Developments. The percent minimum canopy in residential developments shall
 be located in areas that have the least possibility of impact as public infrastructure and
 proposed utilities are installed and homes built. The intent is to leave undisturbed as many
 existing trees as possible for the use and enjoyment of prospective lot owners. Residential
 developments requesting tree removal below the percent minimum canopy requirement may
 choose either residential on-site mitigation, or to contribute to the Tree Escrow Account as
 set forth in §167.04(J)(4)(a). Trees in existing and not to be vacated utility easements shall
 not be counted toward the percent minimum canopy requirement, and such proposed utilities
 shall be routed to avoid existing canopy and shall count toward the percent minimum canopy
 requirement.
 (2) Nonresidential Developments. Two (2) options are available for establishing a tree
 preservation plan for the development of nonresidential developments. The Urban Forester
 shall recommend to the Planning Commission the option that will potentially preserve the
 largest amount of high priority canopy based upon the tree preservation criteria set forth in
 §167.04(B) above.
 (a) Preservation Plan for Entire Development. The developer may choose to preserve the
 percent minimum canopy required for the entire development. With this option, the
 preserved canopy shall be located in areas that will not be impacted by future
 development of the individual lots. Canopy to be preserved shall be noted on the final
 plat, and shall be protected as set forth in §167.04(L) below. Should the entire percent
 minimum canopy requirement for the site be so protected, the preserved canopy shall
 be placed in a tree preservation easement and the final plat shall include a statement
 that the individual lots, as represented thereon, shall not require separate tree
 preservation plans.
 (b) Preservation Plan for Infrastructure Only. The developer, in consultation with city staff,
 shall delineate the area required for the construction of the infrastructure and
 improvements for the development. This area should include street rights-of-way, and
 utility and drainage easements. Proposed lot lines, streets, and easements shall be

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 located to avoid placing a disproportionate percentage of existing canopy in any one
 (1) proposed lot. This option shall not allow the removal of trees during the grading of
 individual lots, unless shown by the developer to be essential to the project's
 engineering design. The developer will be required to compensate for the canopy
 removed from defined individual lots by making the appropriate payment into the Tree
 Escrow Account. On all other areas of the development, the developer shall protect the
 existing canopy during the construction phase in accordance with §167.05 below. The
 final plat shall include a statement that the individual lots shall require separate tree
 preservation plans.
 (3) Hillside/Hilltop Overlay District. Individual parcels or lots located within the Hillside/Hilltop
 Overlay District boundary shall submit a tree preservation plan or an abbreviated tree
 preservation plan as set forth in §167.04(H)(3) indicating the location of the structure and
 the preservation of the minimum tree canopy requirement.
 (4) Developers have the option of creating cluster development, such as a Planned Zoning
 District, which would encourage more open space and tree preservation. In this pattern of
 development, the trees preserved or open space on each lot can be transferred to a larger
 Tree Preservation Easement instead of individual lots required to meet minimum percent
 requirements. The Tree Preservation Easements shall be clearly depicted on easement plats
 or final plats.
(G) Initial Review.
 (1) Meeting with the Urban Forester. It is strongly recommended that prospective applicants
 meet with the Urban Forester for an initial review of the proposed tree preservation plan for
 the site prior to submitting a proposed development to the city. During the initial review, the
 Urban Forester shall make recommendations to ensure the proposed subdivision or
 development complies with the requirements of this chapter. These recommendations shall
 be nonbinding. However, applicants proceed at the risk of higher costs and longer approval
 times due to changes required by a noncompliant submittal should they choose not to have
 the initial review or to disregard the recommendations of the Urban Forester.
 (2) Confirmation. The Urban Forester shall document whether the applicant participated in the
 initial review meeting in the Tree Preservation and Protection staff report given to applicants
 going through the development review process. If the applicant chooses to attend an initial
 review meeting, the staff report shall also document any recommendations made. The Urban
 Forester shall ensure that a copy of the report or email becomes part of the permanent file
 for the project.
(H) Submittal of Plans. Applicants should bear in mind that all plans will be evaluated according to the tree
 preservation criteria and percent minimum canopy requirements as set forth under §167.04(B) and (C).
 (1) Tree Preservation Plan. On sites with existing tree canopy, the applicant shall conduct a tree
 preservation analysis to determine the approximate age, health, size and species distribution
 of the trees, noting each on a tree preservation plan, and clearly showing the locations and
 types of all natural features on a site, including features 100 feet beyond the property lines.
 The tree preservation plan shall also specifically depict the applicable preservation priority
 level for each tree or group of trees on the site. The plan should include, but not be limited
 to, delineation of the following features as they exist on the site:
 (a) The existing topography of the site highlighting slopes of 15% or greater, and indicating
 the natural drainage patterns;
 (b) The property line boundaries of the site;
 (c) Soils identified according to the Unified Soil Classification System;



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 (d) Any significant trees, as defined in the City of Fayetteville's Tree Preservation,
 Protection and Landscape Manual, Chapter 151: Definitions existing on the site, and
 the location of trunks, spread of the canopy, species, diameter at breast height (DBH),
 and the overall health of each significant tree;
 (e) Groupings of trees, delineating the edges of the overall canopy, noting the predominate
 species, average height, diameter at breast height (DBH), and general health of the
 trees.
 (f) All existing utilities and utility easements;
 (g) All features, including trees, buildings, perennial and intermittent streams and creeks
 that exist on the site or within 100 feet of the limits of disturbance;
 (h) Floodplains and floodways on the site;
 (i) All existing rights-of-way within and surrounding the project site, including any
 designated trails or bike paths; and,
 (j) Any other factors that may impact the design of the site.
 (2) Additional Tree Preservation Plan Content. The applicant shall indicate all proposed site
 improvements, and delineate in the tree preservation plan the trees to be retained on-site,
 and the measures to be implemented for their protection. These measures shall include, but
 need not be limited to, fencing, limits of root pruning, as well as restrictions on traffic and
 material storage. The plan shall also clearly depict the limits of soil disturbance to include all
 areas to be graded both on and off-site, as well as the proposed location of utilities. The
 applicant should consult the City of Fayetteville Tree Preservation, Protection and
 Landscape Manual for details, examples and specific checklists. Examples can be provided
 upon request to the Urban Forester.
 (3) Abbreviated Tree Preservation Plan. Applicants requesting approval of development
 projects for between 1,201 to 10,000 square feet of impervious area that require building
 permits, grading, or parking lot permits, but that do not fall under the requirements for
 developments required to go through the development review process of Technical Plat
 Review Committee, and/or Planning Commission, shall prepare and submit an abbreviated
 tree preservation plan. The information for an abbreviated tree preservation plan may be
 combined with the site plan, plat drawing, or grading plan. The applicant is expected to show
 the general location of all existing groups of trees, individual significant trees, and to clearly
 depict the limits of soil disturbance to include all areas to be graded, both on and off-site, as
 well as the proposed location of utilities. Protective measures such as fencing, limits of root
 pruning, restriction on traffic and materials storage shall be depicted on the plan. A
 preliminary site visit with the Urban Forester is highly recommended before applying for any
 of the above-mentioned permits. The applicant should consult the City of Fayetteville Tree
 Preservation, Protection, and Landscape Manual for details, and specific checklists.
 Applicants submitting abbreviated tree preservation plans shall not be required to submit an
 analysis report, nor shall they be required to hire architects, engineers, or landscape
 architects to prepare the abbreviated tree preservation plan.
 (4) Analysis Report. The applicant shall submit an analysis report when minimum percent
 canopy is not met. The report shall detail the design approaches used to minimize damage
 to or removal of existing canopy that were considered in arriving at the proposed design.
 Written justification shall be presented as to why individual trees or canopy must be removed.
 The report shall also detail proposed on-site mitigation options or off-site alternatives, as
 detailed below.prepared and signed by an International Society of Arboriculture (ISA)-
 certified arborist when minimum percent canopy is not met. The report shall include the
 following:


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 a) Tree Health and Structure Evaluation. The arborist shall conduct a Level 1: Limited Visual
 Assessment of the site. In conjunction with the site plan provided by the design professional,
 the arborist shall conduct a Level 2: Basic Assessment or Level 3: Advanced Assessment of
 significant trees, as defined in §151, shown to be removed or impacted by the proposed
 development, and preserved trees showing signs of disease or damage.
 b) Feasibility of Preservation: Site constraints preventing preservation (e.g. topography,
 utility conflicts, etc.) evaluation of design modifications that could increase tree retention,
 and tree protection measures explored and their viability.
 c) Recommendations and Justification: Summary of why minimum preservation cannot be
 met, and a recommended course of action.
 On sites where invasive tree species, as defined in §177.09, are present, or where existing
 canopy is of low quality or limited extent, as determined by the urban forester, urban
 forestry staff may waive or modify this requirement to prioritize the preservation of high-
 quality, non-invasive tree species.

 (5) Grading and Utility Plans. All subsequent grading and utility plans shall depict Tree
 Preservation Areas, preserved trees, and the physical limits of all protective measures on
 site required during construction.
 (6) Submittal Requirements. The applicant shall submit a tree preservation plan. Development
 plans with removal of tree canopy below percent minimum canopy shall submit an analysis
 report to the Urban Forester, concurrently with their tree preservation plan. Applicants
 submitting abbreviated tree preservation plans shall not be required to submit analysis
 report.
 (7) Tree Preservation Easements. The City of Fayetteville shall encourage the use of Tree
 Preservation Easements for the added protection of trees preserved to meet percent
 minimum canopy requirements or trees planted, in those instances where such would be of
 mutual benefit to the applicant and the City of Fayetteville.
(I) Request for On-Site Mitigation.
 (1) Timing of Request for On-Site Mitigation. Requests to remove trees below the percent
 minimum canopy requirement must be incorporated with the applicant's tree preservation
 plan.
 (2) Plan Requirements. The tree preservation plan must graphically represent the species and
 location for all existing trees on-site. It shall also include a chart clearly stating the following
 information:
 (a) The number of trees requested for removal;
 (b) The percentage below the percent minimum canopy requirement they represent; and
 (c) The species and number of trees to be planted based on the forestation requirements
 below.
 (3) Planting Details and Notes. Planting details and notes shall be included on the tree
 preservation plan or landscape plan as set forth in the City of Fayetteville Tree Preservation,
 Protection, and Landscape Manual.
 (4) Forestation Requirements. The number and species of trees required for forestation shall be
 based upon the quality of the canopy lost:
 (a) High Priority Canopy. When removing high priority canopy below the percent minimum
 canopy required, the canopy square footage removed shall be forested at a base
 density of two hundred (200), 2-inch caliper trees per acre removed.


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 (b) Low Priority Canopy. When removing low priority canopy below the percent minimum
 required, the canopy square footage removed shall be forested at a base density of one
 hundred (100), 2-inch caliper trees per acre removed.
 (5) Base Density. Compensating for the environmental damage caused by removing tree
 canopy shall be accomplished by forestation on a per acre basis. The base density formula
 used above is based on 2-inch caliper trees. However, the urban forester may approve the
 use of trees with less than 2-inch caliper for the planting of smaller tree species required by
 spatial constraints on the site. In such cases, the number of trees to be planted may be
 adjusted in accordance with the species table to be found in the City of Fayetteville Tree
 Preservation, Protection, and Landscape Manual.
 (6) Preferred Species. All trees to be planted shall be species native to the Ozark region or
 native cultivars, when available, or selected from the list of preferred tree species set forth
 in the City of Fayetteville Tree Preservation, Protection and Landscape Manual. Species
 selection shall be based upon the amount of space available for proper growth on the site,
 and must be approved by the Urban Forester.
 (7) Placement of Trees. The applicant is expected to plant trees in locations on the site where
 the environmental benefits of canopy cover are most likely to offset the impact of
 development. Trees shall not be placed within utility easements, or in other locations where
 their future protection cannot be assured.
 (8) Residential On-Site Mitigation. Applicants requesting on-site mitigation for residential
 developments shall comply with all the provisions of §167.04(I), as well as the following:
 (a) The applicant's mitigation plan shall meet or exceed the required number of mitigation
 trees based on the forestation requirements as set forth at §167.04(I)(4).
 (b) All plans requesting residential on-site mitigation shall include a binding three (3) year
 maintenance and monitoring plan, which shall hold the applicant responsible for the
 health of all planted trees.
 (i) Approval of a plan requesting residential on-site mitigation shall be contingent
 upon the applicant depositing with the city an irrevocable letter of credit in an
 amount equal to the estimated cost of materials and labor for all trees at the time
 of planting. The irrevocable letter of credit must cover the entire three (3) year
 maintenance and monitoring period. Applicant shall submit cost estimates to the
 Urban Forester for approval.
 (ii) Upon completion of the three (3) year landscape establishment period, the Urban
 Forester shall inspect the site and determine whether 90% of the trees are healthy
 and have a reasonable chance of surviving to maturity. Upon such a finding, the
 city shall release the letter of credit.
 (iii) In the absence of such a finding, the applicant shall be notified to replace any
 unhealthy or dead trees, or take other appropriate action as approved by the
 Urban Forester. If the applicant does not take remedial steps to bring the property
 into compliance, the city shall use the necessary moneys from the landscape
 establishment guarantee to do so.
 (iv) In the event trees are injured or destroyed by natural disasters, including but not
 limited to, tornadoes, straight-line winds, ice storms, fire, floods, hail, or lightning
 strikes, or through the independent actions of third parties, the applicant shall be
 relieved of the responsibility of replanting the tree or trees so affected.
 (c) Developers requesting mitigation trees be planted along the street right-of-way of
 residential developments shall submit a landscape plan that complies with the
 standards outlined in the City of Fayetteville Tree Preservation, Protection, and
 Landscape Manual in order to ensure that new trees planted are of the highest quality,
 require low maintenance, and do not interfere with public safety. The species of trees

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 to be planted shall be selected from the approved street tree species list, or be
 otherwise specifically approved by the Urban Forester. The applicant's mitigation plan
 for planting street trees shall describe in detail the method for tracking the development
 of the individual lots, which shall best ensure that required number and species of
 mitigation trees are planted.
 (9) Request for On-Site Mitigation Alternatives (Green Roofs or Green Façades).
 (a) Intent. The intent is to allow previously developed sites with at least 50% existing
 impervious area and limited space for planting trees to use on-site mitigation
 alternatives to meet the mitigation requirements and still contribute beneficial plant
 materials that provide positive ecosystem services.
 (b) Applicability. On-Site Mitigation Alternatives shall only be allowed as alternatives to
 planting trees in form-based zoning districts that allow for mixed-use and do not have a
 building area maximum requirement. On-Site Mitigation Alternatives may not be utilized
 on sites that have adequate space to meet landscape requirements.
 (c) Timing of Request for On-Site Mitigation Alternatives. Requests for on-site alternatives
 must be incorporated and submitted concurrently with the applicant's tree preservation
 plan.
 (d) Intensive Green Roof. A green roof with 6 inches or great soil medium that can sustain
 plant species with deeper root systems.
 (e) Extensive Green Roof. A green roof with 2 to 5 inches of soil medium that can sustain
 plant species with shallow root systems.
 (f) Green Façade. A green façade is created by growing climbing plants up and across the
 façade of a building, either from plants grown directly in the ground or a large container
 of at least 12 inches of soil medium. Plants can attach directly to the building or be
 supported with a 12-inch by 12-inch trellis system connected to the building.
 (g) Mitigation Alternative Calculations. The applicant's plan to install an extensive green
 roof, intensive green roof, and green façade in lieu of a mitigation tree shall be based
 from square footage of tree canopy.
 (i) The calculation for an extensive green roof shall be based from a ratio of 1 square
 foot of tree canopy to 2.5 square feet of extensive green roof.
 (ii) The calculation for an intensive green roof shall be based from a ratio of 1 square
 foot of tree canopy to 1.4 square feet of intensive green roof.
 (iii) The calculation for a green façade shall be done based from a ratio of 1 square
 foot of tree canopy to 2.5 square feet of green façade.
(J) Request for Off-Site Alternatives.
 (1) Timing of Request for Off-Site Alternatives. Requests for off-site alternatives must be
 incorporated in, and submitted concurrently with the applicant's tree preservation plan.
 (2) Off-Site Preservation. The applicant may seek approval of the Urban Forester to preserve
 an equal or greater amount of canopy cover at a site within the city limits.
 (3) Off-Site Forestation.
 (a) If off-site preservation cannot be achieved, the applicant may seek approval from the
 Urban Forester to plant the required number of trees on another site owned by the
 applicant and located within the city limits. A tree preservation easement must be
 conveyed concurrently with or prior to submission of a final plat by the applicant to the
 city to protect any off-site preservation or forestation and the legal description of the
 tree preservation easement shall also appear on the final plat.


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 (b) An applicant may plant and maintain mitigation trees needed for the applicant's
 development as to fulfill the obligation set forth in Chapter 167, Tree Preservation and
 Protection, in a nearby city park or public right-of-way if expressly approved by City
 Council resolution. The City Council shall seek advice from the Urban Forester, Parks
 and Recreation Department staff and citizens about the advisability of forestation of the
 nearby city park and may apply express conditions including requiring irrigation to be
 installed and regular maintenance to be performed by the applicant.
 (4) Tree Escrow Account. Tree preservation on-site is always the preferred option, with on-site
 mitigation, off-site preservation, off-site forestation, and on-site mitigation alternatives to be
 considered in descending order only if the more preferred option cannot be fully achieved. If
 none of these options can completely fulfill a developer's obligation under this Tree
 Preservation and Protection Chapter, the developer shall pay into the City Tree Escrow
 Account $250.00 for each tree required to meet the Base Density requirements which fairly
 represents the costs of material and labor to plant a tree. The developer shall also pay into
 the Tree Escrow Fund $425.00 as three (3) years of maintenance costs to ensure each tree
 survives for that period of time. Tree planting and maintenance costs should be reviewed at
 least every four (4) years to ensure it remains the fair market costs for tree planting and
 maintenance for three (3) years.
 (a) Developments proposed as building permits under Level 2 as outlined in §166.02 (E)(2)
 are eligible for contribution to the tree escrow account as an option.
 (b) Residential developments which cannot achieve the base density tree requirements
 through preservation or mitigation shall contribute to the Tree Escrow Account. The city
 shall use the money paid into the Tree Escrow Account to plant trees within the
 development along rights-of-way detention ponds, common areas or other areas where
 trees can be protected and have ahigh probability of survival to a mature tree. This shall
 be accomplished once the development is built out or as approved by the Urban
 Forester.
 (c) Money contributed in lieu of on-site mitigation or off-site forestation shall be paid prior
 to issuance of a building permit on all commercial, industrial, or multi-family residential
 buildings and prior to final plat acceptance for all residential and non-residential
 subdivisions.
 (d) Money contributed under this section:
 (i) May be used for canopy mitigation, including planting site identification, tree
 acquisition, planting, and maintenance, utilizing either city staff or contract labor;
 (ii) Shall not revert to the general fund for ongoing operations.
 (e) If it is not possible to plant trees within the development, planting locations will be sought
 in appropriate sites within a 1 mile radius of where the original project is located, but if
 this cannot be achieved, the moneys shall be used to plant the trees in the park
 quadrant in which the development took place, or pursuant to §167.04(J)(2) and (3).
 Data extracted from the urban forest analysis should be consulted when identifying
 appropriate locations to plant escrow funded trees.
 (f) The City of Fayetteville shall refund the portion of the money contributed under this
 section, including the accrued interest that has not been expended seven (7) years from
 the date of the contribution. Interest shall be based on a 4% annual rate.
 (g) Refunds shall be paid to the present owner of the property that was the subject of new
 development and against which the fee was assessed and collected.
 (h) Notice of the right to a refund, including the amount of the refund and the procedure for
 applying for and receiving the refund, shall be sent or served in writing to the applicant
 no later than thirty (30) days after the date which the refund becomes due. The sending

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 by regular mail of the notices to the applicant shall be sufficient to satisfy the
 requirement of notice.
 (i) The refund shall be made on a pro rata basis and shall be paid in full no later than ninety
 (90) days after the date certain upon which the refund becomes due.
 (j) At the time of the contribution to the Tree Escrow Account, the Urban Forester shall
 provide the applicant with written notice of those circumstances under which refunds of
 such fees will be made. Failure to deliver such written notice shall not invalidate any
 contribution to the Tree Escrow Account under this ordinance.
(K) Tree Preservation Plan Review Form. The Urban Forester shall use a standardized form for all
 recommendations or administrative determinations made regarding an applicant's tree preservation plan.
 (1) The form shall clearly indicate whether the Urban Forester is making a final administrative
 determination, or a recommendation to the Planning Commission or City Council.
 (2) The form shall also clearly indicate the applicant's plan is "APPROVED," "DISAPPROVED,"
 or "CONDITIONALLY APPROVED," and explain the reasoning therefore.
 (3) A statement shall appear on the form explaining the process by which a final administrative
 determination may be appealed in accordance with Chapter 155 of the Unified Development
 Code.
 (4) The Urban Forester shall sign and date the form, and ensure that a copy becomes part of
 the permanent file for the project.
(L) Continuing Preservation and Protection Under Approved Tree Preservation Plans and Tree Preservation
 Easements.
 (1) Tree Preservation Easement Dedication. Large scale developments, large site
 improvements, and commercial preliminary plats are required to dedicate a tree preservation
 easement, if any existing trees are to be preserved. The tree preservation easement shall
 be the size of the minimum canopy preservation requirement, if possible. If the minimum tree
 preservation canopy is not available, the applicant will not be required to dedicate the
 minimum canopy preservation. The applicant will have to dedicate a tree preservation
 easement that is agreed upon with The Urban Forester. In order to ensure that an applicant's
 heirs, successors, assigns, or any subsequent purchasers of the subject property are put on
 notice as to the existence and extent of approved tree preservation easements which shall
 be clearly depicted and noted on the easement plats for large scale developments, large and
 small site improvements, commercial final plats, and any plats with a tree preservation
 easement. This shall be accompanied by a narrative statement describing the nature of the
 protection afforded and bearing the signature of the Urban Forester. If it is impractical to
 include the actual depiction of the canopy in a tree preservation easement on the easement
 plat, or final plat itself, a note cross referencing an accompanying document shall suffice.
 (2) Tree Preservation Easement Vacation. The geographical extent and location of a tree
 preservation easement, once recorded, may only be vacated in whole or in part with the
 express approval of the City Council. Applicants requesting such vacation of an existing tree
 preservation easement shall bear the burden of proving to the City Council’s satisfaction that
 such vacation is in the best interests of the City of Fayetteville and its residents and
 businesses. The application for vacation of a tree preservation easement shall be submitted
 to the urban forester who should present the request and the urban forester’s
 recommendations to the Urban Forestry Advisory Board for its review and recommendations
 prior to placing the vacation request on the City Council Agenda. The City Council may
 require that vacation of some or all of a tree preservation easement shall be offset by the
 establishment of a new tree preservation easement of greater size and/or improved canopy
 health and ecological benefit to our community. The City may require that a proposed new


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 tree preservation easement be improved by the owner by substantial removal of invasive
 species, planting of trees approved by the urban forester to improve the canopy within the
 proposed new tree preservation easement, and/or other mitigation measures.
 (3) Disturbance and Maintenance of Tree Preservation Easements. Property owners wishing to
 remove diseased or dead trees from within a recorded tree preservation easement shall seek
 prior approval from the Urban Forester, who shall determine if such removal is consistent
 with sound arboricultural and horticultural practices, as well as the intent of this chapter. Any
 tree so removed shall be replaced with a tree of like or similar species, unless the Urban
 Forester determines that natural replacements of sufficient health and vigor are already
 present in the tree preservation easement. Tree preservation easements are established for
 the express purpose of protecting and maintaining existing tree canopy in perpetuity.
 Therefore, no grading, excavation, construction, trenching, or any other form of land
 disturbance or development activity shall be permitted within the boundaries of a recorded
 tree preservation easement.
 No trees—live or dead—shall be removed from a tree preservation easement unless they
 are identified as invasive species. The removal of invasive plant species, including trees, is
 permitted and encouraged to support the long-term health and ecological integrity of the
 preservation area. Such removal should be conducted in accordance with best management
 practices and, when applicable, under the supervision of a certified arborist.
 Removal of native trees is prohibited, except in cases where such action is necessary to
 mitigate a verified hazard to life or property. Any such activity must follow industry best
 practices and be conducted with care to minimize disturbance.
 Unauthorized removal, cutting, or disturbance of native trees or vegetation within a tree
 preservation easement constitutes a violation of this chapter and may result in enforcement
 actions including, but not limited to restoration requirements, and replanting with native or
 regionally appropriate species at the high priority canopy ratio.


(Code 1991, §162.10; Ord. No. 2699, §10, 4-20-93; Ord. No. 3901, §1, 7-5-95; Ord. No. 3963, §6, 4-16-96; Ord. No.
4100, §2 (Ex. A), 6-16-98; Ord. No. 4340, 10-2-01; Ord. No. 4539 02-03-04; Ord. No. 4855, 4-18-06; Ord. No. 4930,
10-03-06; Ord. No. 5308, 3-16-10; Ord. No. 5312, 4-20-10; Ord. No. 5427, 8-2-11; Ord. No. 5513, 7-17-12; Ord. No.
5773, 5-19-15; Ord. No. 5818, 10-20-15; Ord. No. 5824, §3, 11-17-15; Ord. No. 5945, §17, 1-17-17; Ord. No. 5986,
§§4(Exh. A), 5—35, 7-6-17; Ord. No. 6442, §§1(Exh. A1), 2(Exh. B), 5(Exh. E), 6(Exh. F), 6-1-21; Ord. No. 6446,
§9(Exh. D), 6-15-21; Ord. No. 6786, §§ 2—6, 8-20-24; Ord. No. 6793, § 5, 9-17-24; Ord. No. 6830, §4, 1-7-25; Ord.
No. 6833, §7, 1-21-25)




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167.05 Tree Protection Measures And Construction
(A) Site Inspection. A preliminary site inspection followed by periodic inspections will be conducted by the Urban
 Forester to ensure compliance with the tree preservation plan.
(B) Tree Protection. Trees illustrated as preserved on tree preservation plans shall be protected from
 construction activity to prevent impingement by or the storage of construction vehicles, materials, debris,
 spoils or equipment in areas with preserved trees. No filling, excavating or other land disturbance shall take
 place in areas with preserved trees. Before commencing any construction activity, the applicant shall
 construct tree protection barriers on the site to establish a tree protection zone (TPZ), the centroid of which
 shall be the trunk of the tree. If the tree’s canopy is asymmetrical, the radius of the TPZ shall extend from the
 trunk to the furthest extent of the dripline. In all cases, the TPZ shall be no less than 10 feet from the trunk or
 to the dripline, whichever is greater. If the area within the tree’s dripline is affected by construction, the tree
 may be preserved but replacement plantings may be required by Urban Forestry as a part of the mitigation
 requirements. along the tree dripline or 10 feet from the trunk, whichever is greater. The applicant shall also
 post signs [at] areas with preserved trees in accordance with the details, standards, specifications and
 guidelines provided in the City of Fayetteville Tree Preservation, Protection, and Landscape Manual. The
 Urban Forester may require other protective measures based upon the individual characteristics of the site
 and the proposed construction methods. Tree protection measures shall also protect any off-site trees, and
 the roots of which extend onto the site of the proposed construction. Any applicant damaging or destroying
 an off-site tree shall be required to mitigate such damage or destruction as prescribed by the Urban Forester.
 If the required barriers surrounding the areas with preserved trees are not adequately maintained during
 construction, the Urban Forester shall prescribe remedial measures, and may issue a stop work order in
 accordance with §153.07(C). All remedial measures shall be completed within the specified amount of time
 and shall be considered prior to granting final plat approval or issuing a certificate of occupancy.
(Code 1991, §162.11; Ord. No. 3699, §11, 4-20-93; Ord. No. 3925, §8, 10-3-95; Ord. No. 3901, §1, 7-5-95; Ord. No.
3963, §7, 4-16-96; Ord. No. 4008, §1, 12-17-96; Ord. No. 4100, §2 (Ex. A), 6-16-98; Ord. No. 4340, 10-2-01; Ord. No.
5986, §36, 7-6-17)




 Created: 2025-06-24 11:40:36 [EST]

(Supp. No. 37)

 Page 13 of 13
Thomason, Willa

To: Masters, Jessica
Subject: RE: Proposed Code Changes - Tree Preservation - 167.04/167.05



From: Aaron Wirth <aaron@cobblestonehomes.info>
Sent: Tuesday, August 12, 2025 11:08 AM
To: Thomason, Willa <wthomason@fayetteville-ar.gov>
Cc: Curth, Jonathan <jcurth@fayetteville-ar.gov>; Madison Melton <madie@cobblestonehomes.info>; Masters, Jessica
<jmasters@fayetteville-ar.gov>; Douglas, Bethany <bdouglas@fayetteville-ar.gov>
Subject: Re: Proposed Code Changes - Tree Preservation - 167.04/167.05

CAUTION: This email originated from outside of the City of Fayetteville. Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize
the sender and know the content is safe.


Good Morning Willa,


You bet, and thank you for the response! We will keep at it out here.


AW




From: Thomason, Willa <wthomason@fayetteville-ar.gov>
Sent: Monday, August 11, 2025 8:47 AM
To: Aaron Wirth
Cc: Curth, Jonathan; Madison Melton; Masters, Jessica; Douglas, Bethany
Subject: RE: Proposed Code Changes - Tree Preservation - 167.04/167.05


Hi Aaron,


Thanks for looping me in! If these proposed code changes are enacted, projects with tree preservation plans that
have already been submitted and approved, including Brooklands Phases 5, 6, and 7 (PPL-2022-0008/GRD-2023-
0006), will not be subject to the new requirements. We will honor the plans that were stamped for construction on
8/14/24. The proposed code changes will affect projects at the entitlement and grading permit phases but will not
change the requirements for final landscaping inspections at the time of C of O application.
 1
Please let me know if you have any more questions!


Willa Thomason, M.S., ISA Certified Arborist
Urban Forester
Development Services
City of Fayetteville, Arkansas
(479) 444-3486
Website | Facebook | Twitter | Instagram | YouTube




From: Aaron Wirth <aaron@cobblestonehomes.info>
Sent: Friday, August 8, 2025 9:13 AM
To: Thomason, Willa <wthomason@fayetteville-ar.gov>
Cc: Curth, Jonathan <jcurth@fayetteville-ar.gov>; Madison Melton <madie@cobblestonehomes.info>
Subject: Fw: Proposed Code Changes - Tree Preservation - 167.04/167.05



CAUTION: This email originated from outside of the City of Fayetteville. Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize
the sender and know the content is safe.


Good Morning Willa-


First of all, thanks for sending this info out so as to limit surprises.


I had a great meeting with Jonathan yesterday (set up previous to this) and we touched on this item, and
we agreed to loop you in via email. My understanding is that this will not affect my Brooklands phase 5,6
& 7 and there will remain nothing additional required especially at the time of building the homes
(Abbreviated tree plan, etc). As a reminder these are the projects that you and Jonathan toured with Madi
and I with the various phases.


If missing anything, please let us know.

 2
Thanks for you help,


AW




From: Masters, Jessica <jmasters@fayetteville-ar.gov>
Sent: Wednesday, August 6, 2025 4:11 PM
To: Masters, Jessica <jmasters@fayetteville-ar.gov>
Cc: Curth, Jonathan <jcurth@fayetteville-ar.gov>; Thomason, Willa <wthomason@fayetteville-ar.gov>; Douglas, Bethany
<bdouglas@fayetteville-ar.gov>
Subject: Proposed Code Changes - Tree Preservation - 167.04/167.05


Good afternoon,


I am reaching out to you today to make you aware of proposed changes to the tree preservation
requirements that will be going to the Planning Commission on Monday, August 11 for consideration. The
proposed changes have been presented to the Urban Forestry Advisory Board, and have been
workshopped with City staff to align with the stated goals and objectives of the Urban Forestry
Management Plan that was adopted by City Council in 2024. I have attached a draft of staff’s memo on
the item for your consideration.


Since they will have an effect on the development community, I wanted to make sure you were informed.
Members of the public are invited to attend the Planning Commission meeting, which will begin at 5:30
PM, and will be held in room 219 in City Hall. A zoom option is also available, and information about how
to attend virtually can be found at this link: https://www.fayetteville-ar.gov/3949/Zoom-Meeting-
Instructions


Thank you, and please let me know if you have any questions.


Jessie


 3
Jessie Masters, AICP
Planning Director
Development Services
City of Fayetteville, Arkansas
(479) 575-8239
www.fayetteville-ar.gov
Website | Facebook | Twitter | Instagram | YouTube




 4
Thomason, Willa

To: Masters, Jessica
Subject: RE: City of Fayetteville Tree Ordinance - Proposed ISA Arborist Report Requirement



From: Justin Ulmer <wildrootstree@gmail.com>
Sent: Tuesday, August 19, 2025 8:50 AM
To: Thomason, Willa <wthomason@fayetteville-ar.gov>
Subject: Re: City of Fayetteville Tree Ordinance - Proposed ISA Arborist Report Requirement

CAUTION: This email originated from outside of the City of Fayetteville. Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize
the sender and know the content is safe.


Hello Willa,

Thank you for reaching out. This appears to be an excellent opportunity to address the concerns you have
raised, as our mature urban trees and the overall canopy are of paramount importance for numerous
reasons.

I conduct between five and ten ISA Tree Risk Assessments per month, and the pricing may slightly vary
depending on the specific circumstances, as you are aware.

Please find below a concise outline of our pricing structure, presented in a ballpark manner with the
price listed at the upper end of the range.

Single to Two Mature Trees, Level 1 Assessment with Written Report: $150
Level 3 Canopy Assessment: $350

Five to Ten Mature Trees Within 0.5 Acre or Less, Level 1 Assessment with Written Report: $400
Level 3 Canopy Assessment: $1200

Single to Two Acres, Overall Stand and Canopy Level 1 Report with Written Assessment and Mapping:
$1000
Canopy Assessment on as Needed Basis: $200/tree

Areas Larger Than 2 Acres for General Risk Assessment and Canopy Reports: $225/hour with Formal
Report

Please note that these pricing figures are indicative of our operational efficiency and commitment to
delivering high-quality products. I cannot provide a comprehensive assessment of the industry as a
whole.

Thank you again for your inquiry. Please do not hesitate to contact me if you require any further
information. .

Justin Ulmer

 1
On Wed, Aug 13, 2025 at 10:01 AM Thomason, Willa <wthomason@fayetteville-ar.gov> wrote:

Good morning,



The City of Fayetteville’s urban forestry staff is working to enact several ordinance changes, one of which would
require developers to submit an assessment from an ISA-certified arborist when the proposed tree preservation
falls below the minimum percentage required for the zoning designation of their project. We would like to know
what cost this may incur, whether that depends on the density of canopy on-site, or the size of the development,
so we can share that information with the Planning Commission at the upcoming hearing on August 25. I have
attached the report I shared with the Planning Commission this past Monday, and the language specifying the
proposed requirement to submit an independent arborist assessment is detailed under 167.04(H)(4). We would
greatly appreciate any feedback you can provide regarding how you would estimate the cost of this type of
assessment.



Thank you!



Willa Thomason, M.S., ISA Certified Arborist
Urban Forester

Development Services
City of Fayetteville, Arkansas
(479) 444-3486

Website | Facebook | Twitter | Instagram | YouTube




 2
Thomason, Willa

From: Jeremy Williams <jeremy@treeclimbersllc.com>
Sent: Monday, August 25, 2025 5:30 PM
To: Thomason, Willa
Cc: Douglas, Bethany; Masters, Jessica
Subject: Re: City of Fayetteville Tree Ordinance - Proposed ISA Arborist Report Requirement



CAUTION: This email originated from outside of the City of Fayetteville. Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize
the sender and know the content is safe.


Generally as an arborist I’m brought in after the fact and am only given partial information. Most of the
time it’s after plans are set and I’m constantly left in the dark regarding plan options.
The most common thing I see is being asked to provide root pruning on projects after approval only to see
that that there is no feasible way to perform said work without creating a safety hazard.
The biggest issue I have on the ground is the legal inability to trespass on neighboring properties to
measure and assess the trees off site which I feel is a great requirement but not legal.

Jeremy Williams,
ASCA Registered Consulting Arborist #801

ISA Board Certified Master Arborist #SO-6263BT
ISA Qualified Tree Risk Assessor
ASCA Tree and Plant Appraisal Qualified
ISA Certified Climber Specialist
ISA Southern Wildfire Risk Reduction Instructor
TCIA Tree Care Safety Professional #1267
NCCER Certified Crane Operator


Tree Climbers LLC
Arkansas first and only Accredited Tree Care Company
www.TreeClimbersLLC.com



 On Aug 25, 2025, at 4:54 PM, Thomason, Willa <wthomason@fayetteville-ar.gov> wrote:


 Jeremy,

 I appreciate your feedback!

 I started this position in time to review some of the plans for 151 W Dickson St. and, with that,
 reviewed the arborist reports you wrote throughout the design process. I’m curious to know
 whether you identified inaccuracies in the tree locations in relation to the proposed buildings when
 you completed your analysis of that site. I think our hope is that the arborist reports will serve as
 ground-truthing that City staff do not have capacity for. We do not intend to have additional reports

 1
submitted with each revision – the baseline assessments should be sufficient for Bethany and I to
assess the impact of revisions on existing trees.

Again, we really appreciate your feedback!

Thanks,

Willa Thomason, M.S., ISA Cer ﬁed Arborist
Urban Forester
Development Services
City of Faye%eville, Arkansas
(479) 444-3486
Website | Facebook | Twi%er | Instagram | YouTube
<image001.png>



From: Jeremy Williams <jeremy@treeclimbersllc.com>
Sent: Monday, August 25, 2025 4:30 PM
To: Thomason, Willa <wthomason@fayetteville-ar.gov>
Subject: Re: City of Fayetteville Tree Ordinance - Proposed ISA Arborist Report Requirement

CAUTION: This email originated from outside of the City of Fayetteville. Do not click links or open attachments
unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe.


The cost would be based hourly with any ancillary costs attached. Based on the availability
of the information requested I would estimate $1,500-$5,000 per report plus fees to have
survey and drafting performed.

I appreciate and feel that the intent is good however my concern is the likely net result is
going to be ending up with a flood of civil or LA arborists writing bogus reports not due to
malice but lack of real knowledge only because they have the in house survey and drafting
teams. Arborists generally do not. At least practicing arborists.
The concern I would have doing a report like this is how to guarantee the accuracy of tree
location and their relationship to design elements. Tree location on civil plans is largely
inaccurate as a general rule. Would you require an additional arborist report with each plan
revision? After a plan change the report would then become inaccurate.
The drafting and accuracy issues are my primary concerns. Getting meaningful drawings
with accurate tree locations would be the crux of the issue.

Jeremy Williams,
ASCA Registered Consulting Arborist #801


ISA Board Certified Master Arborist #SO-6263BT
ISA Qualified Tree Risk Assessor
ASCA Tree and Plant Appraisal Qualified
ISA Certified Climber Specialist
ISA Southern Wildfire Risk Reduction Instructor
 2
TCIA Tree Care Safety Professional #1267
NCCER Certified Crane Operator



Tree Climbers LLC
Arkansas first and only Accredited Tree Care Company
www.TreeClimbersLLC.com




 On Aug 13, 2025, at 10:08 AM, Thomason, Willa <wthomason@fayetteville-
 ar.gov> wrote:


 Good morning,

 The City of Fayetteville’s urban forestry staff is working to enact several ordinance
 changes, one of which would require developers to submit an assessment from an
 ISA-certified arborist when the proposed tree preservation falls below the minimum
 percentage required for the zoning designation of their project. We would like to
 know what cost this may incur, whether that depends on the density of canopy on-
 site, or the size of the development, so we can share that information with the
 Planning Commission at the upcoming hearing on August 25. I have attached the
 report I shared with the Planning Commission this past Monday, and the language
 specifying the proposed requirement to submit an independent arborist
 assessment is detailed under 167.04(H)(4). We would greatly appreciate any
 feedback you can provide regarding how you would estimate the cost of this type of
 assessment.

 Thank you!

 Willa Thomason, M.S., ISA Certified Arborist
 Urban Forester
 Development Services
 City of Fayetteville, Arkansas
 (479) 444-3486
 Website | Facebook | Twitter | Instagram | YouTube
 <image001.png>


 <ADM-2025-0031 PC Report.pdf>




 3