Psychological Test, Rhode Island Intelligence Test for Children from Three to Six Years of Age. Form A
name: label: maker
content: Craig, C. E.
label: maker
content: Bird, G. E.
notes: label: Description
content: Grace E. Bird (1876-1955) of Rhode Island College of Education (now Rhode Island College) and, more briefly, the Rhode Island State College (now the University of Rhode Island), working with Clara E. Craig (1867-1943), a professor at the Rhode Island College of Education, devised this test to measure the intelligence of children age three to six. They particularly considered three and four-year-olds, as pupils of this age might apply to the Children’s School (later the Horace Mann School) of the Rhode Island College of Education and there was no satisfactory existing test other than the time-consuming, individually administered, Stanford-Binet. This is Form A of the test – there also was a Form B. This example is incomplete. The six parts of the test were properties and qualities of common objects; omissions; family relations; common activities; serial groupings; and contrast, similarity, and number. The test consisted of paired pictures, the child was given instructions that led to the selection of one of them.
label: Description
content: Born in Rhode Island, Craig attended Clark University and was employed by the Rhode Island Normal School (later Rhode Island College of Education) for some forty-seven years. She reportedly earned degrees from Clark University and Brown. Craig was remembered as an advocate of early childhood education and adopter of methods of early childhood education developed by Maria Montessori.
label: Description
content: Born in New York, Bird was a graduate of the University of Chicago who obtained her masters from Columbia University (1916) and her doctorate from Brown (1918). She joined the faculty at Rhode Island College of Education in 1914 and stayed there until her retirement in 1942. In addition to writing about intelligence testing, she published on student evaluation of teachers and on centurions.
label: Description
content: References:
label: Description
content: Bird, Grace E., "Pupils Estimate of Teachers," <I>Journal of Educational Psychology</I>, 8, 1917, pp. 35-40.
label: Description
content: Bird, Grace E., <I>The Relation of Focalization and Motivation to Improvement Through Practice ..: A Thesis Presented In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy</> Providence: Brown University, 1918.
label: Description
content: Bird, Grace E., “The Rhode Island Intelligence Test,” <I>The Journal of Educational Research</I>, 1923, 8 #5, pp. 397-403.
label: Description
content: Christiansen, E., <I>Rhode Island College: Meeting the State’s Needs through Time</I>, Providence: Rhode Island College, 1916, pp. 33-34.
label: Description
content: “Dr. Clara E. Craig Dies in Providence,” <I>Newport [Rhode Island] Daily News</I>, January 25, 1943, p. 10. Craig died January 24 – 47 years in RI schools – retired 1941
label: Description
content: “Dr. Clara E. Craig: U.S. Educator Pioneer in the Use of Montessori Teaching Method,” <I>New York Times</I>, January 25, 1943, p. 13. Says Craig 74 years old, which places her birth date at 1868-1869. Ancestry (from a grave marker) gives 1867.
label: Description
content: “Necrology,” <I>Science</I>, vol. 122, December 23 1955, p. 1226. notes death of Bird [– age 79, which places birth in about 1876 – this confirmed by ancestry.com records]
label: Description
content: “The Faculty,” <I>Rhode Island College of Education Bulletin</I>, Providence, Rhode Island, 1923, p. 11. This outlines Bird’s education.
label: Location
content: Currently not on view
topic: label: Subject
content: Mathematics
label: Subject
content: Psychological Tests
setName: label: See more items in
content: Medicine and Science: Mathematics
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content: Science & Mathematics
creditLine: label: Credit Line
content: Gift of Samuel Kavruck
dataSource: label: Data Source
content: National Museum of American History
identifier: label: ID Number
content: 1990.0034.146
label: accession number
content: 1990.0034
label: catalog number
content: 1990.0034.146
objectType: label: Object Name
content: Psychological Test
physicalDescription: label: Physical Description
content: paper (overall material)
label: Measurements
content: overall: 21.7 cm x 28 cm; 8 17/32 in x 11 1/32 in