World's Columbian Exposition Souvenir Mechanical Pencil, The Last Nail (Women's Building)
date: label: Date made
content: 1893
notes: label: Description
content: Souvenir mechanical pencil commemorating the 1893 Columbian Exposition held in Chicago, Illinois. The pencil is intended to represent the <i>last nail</i> used in the erection of the Fair's Women's Building.
label: Description
content: The 1893 World's Columbian Exposition was an assertive statement about American culture and identity. Celebrating the 400th anniversary of Christopher Columbus' arrival in the New World. The fair was created by American business, political and artistic leaders to exhibit American progress and to proclaim America's arrival as an economic and cultural force on the world scene. The Columbian Exposition's centerpiece was the remarkable Ferris Wheel, invented and designed to challenge the 1889 Paris Exposition's Eiffel Tower as the world's most modern wonder. The Fair was an enormous success, having 27 million visitors during its May through October run.
label: Description
content: In addition to exhibits relating to agriculture, science and industry, the Fair hosted a variety of cultural displays, including an exhibit of American art and performances from artists such as the Chicago Symphony Orchestra and John Philip Sousa. The exotic Midway attractions featured performers such as ragtime pianist Scott Joplin and the dancer Little Egypt.
label: Description
content: The African American community was essentially excluded except as performers and for the allowance of a single day for <i>coloreds only. </i> Black leaders disagreed on the proper response to this slight, some encouraging participation, while others demanding a change in policy, continuing America's ongoing national discussion about racial representation and exclusion.
label: Location
content: Currently not on view
place: label: place made
content: United States: Illinois, Chicago
topic: label: Subject
content: Expositions and Fairs
label: Subject
content: Women
label: related event
content: World's Columbian Exposition
setName: label: See more items in
content: Culture and the Arts: Entertainment
creditLine: label: Credit Line
content: The Larry Zim World's Fair Collection
dataSource: label: Data Source
content: National Museum of American History
identifier: label: ID Number
content: 1989.0438.0798
label: catalog number
content: 1989.0438.0798
label: accession number
content: 1989.0438
label: catalog number
content: 1893WI01
objectType: label: Object Name
content: Pencil, Mechanical
label: Object Name
content: pencil
physicalDescription: label: Measurements
content: overall: 3 3/4 in x 1/8 in x 1/8 in; 9.525 cm x .3175 cm x .3175 cm