War/Peace
date: label: Date made
content: ca 1864
name: label: cartooned
content: Davis, Jefferson
label: distributor
content: Witing, George
label: maker
content: E.B. and E.C. Kellogg
notes: label: Description
content: This hand-colored lithographic print, circa 1864, employs an optical illusion of Jefferson Davis’ profile to create an anti-Confederacy cartoon. The “War” viewing of the print reveals “Jeff. Rampant” with verses underneath the Confederate president telling of his eagerness to fight “For glory and his vaunted right.” Four vignettes depicting scenes of battle surround these verses. When the image is turned upside down, however, Davis metamorphoses into a donkey – his cap and mustache becoming the animal’s bridled snout and ears. A set of now-upright verses, entitled “Peace,” jests that “Jeff. Subdued” has lost his courage after actually witnessing battle and he now “homeward travels like an ass.” The corner vignettes around these verses contain three scenes of farm life and one of a battered, mustached Confederate, presumably Davis, returning home on a donkey.
label: Description
content: The design for this colored lithograph was based on a similar 1861 cartoon, “Jeff. Davis going to War / Jeff. Returning from War An [Ass],” copyrighted by E. Rogers and published by S.C. Upham of Philadelphia. During the War, Upham famously printed millions of dollars’ worth of counterfeit Confederate currency, which, when taken into the South, further destabilized the already hyper-inflated Southern economy.
label: Description
content: It was produced by the Hartford, Connecticut lithographic firm of E.B. & E.C. Kellogg. Edmund Burke Kellogg and Elijah Chapman Kellogg were younger brothers of the founder of the Kellogg lithography firm, Daniel Wright Kellogg. After Daniel Wright Kellogg moved west, his two brothers took over the family lithography firm in 1840 and changed the name to E.B. & E.C. Kellogg. They were responsible for the continued success of the family firm and involved in partnerships with Horace Thayer in 1845/1846, John Chenevard Comstock in 1848 and William Henry Bulkeley in 1867.
label: Description
content: George Whiting, credited on this print as Witing, worked as the agent and distributor of the Kellogg brothers’ prints in New York from 1848 to 1860. In 1860, the Kelloggs closed their New York office and Whiting took over the firm, selling prints until his death two years later.
label: Location
content: Currently not on view
place: label: place made
content: United States: Connecticut, Hartford
topic: label: Subject
content: Horses
label: Subject
content: Comic prints
label: Subject
content: Livestock
label: Subject
content: Patriotism and Patriotic Symbols
label: Subject
content: Uniforms, Military
label: Subject
content: Civil War
label: Subject
content: Political Caricatures
label: Subject
content: Confederacy
label: related event
content: Civil War
setName: label: See more items in
content: Home and Community Life: Domestic Life
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content: American Civil War Prints
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content: Art
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content: Domestic Furnishings
creditLine: label: Credit Line
content: Harry T. Peters "America on Stone" Lithography Collection
dataSource: label: Data Source
content: National Museum of American History
identifier: label: ID Number
content: DL.60.2282
label: catalog number
content: 60.2282
label: accession number
content: 228146
objectType: label: Object Name
content: Lithograph
label: Object Type
content: Lithograph
physicalDescription: label: Physical Description
content: hand-colored (image production method/technique)
label: Physical Description
content: paper (overall material)
label: Physical Description
content: ink (overall material)
label: Physical Description
content: ink (overall material)
label: Physical Description
content: paper (overall material)
label: Measurements
content: image: 11 1/2 in x 8 1/2 in; 29.21 cm x 21.59 cm
label: Measurements
content: overall: 14 in x 10 in; 35.56 cm x 25.4 cm