Barbour Calculating Machine Model
date: label: date made
content: 1872
name: label: patentee
content: Barbour, Edmund D.
label: maker
content: Barbour, Edmund D.
notes: label: Description
content: This rough model of a calculating machine that would multiply a number by a digit directly and print the result was submitted to the U.S. Patent Office by Edmund D. Barbour in 1872. It has a rectangular wooden base with nine grooves in it. The rightmost groove contains a rectangular brass plate with nine rows of teeth in it. The first row has one tooth, the second, two, and so forth. This plate has a metal handle, marked with the digits from 1 to 9, that can be pulled forward to enter a digit. It is a modification of the cylinder in Barbour’s patent 130404 (see MA.309172 ). A complete machine would have nine such plates.
label: Description
content: To the right of the grooved wooden base and its metal plate is another brass plate on which is mounted a mechanism for controlling a slide that is supposed to move over the rectangular plate, carrying out desired arithmetic operations. In this machine, multiplication is carried out by repeated motion of the slide, rather than in a single motion as in Barbour’s earlier invention. Two rotating sets of brass gears, each equipped with a type wheel, are intended to demonstrate how the results of calculations might be printed automatically. The object has no maker’s marks. No successful product emerged directly from Barbour’s patents.
label: Description
content: Compare MA.309172, MA.309173, and MA.318168.
label: Description
content: The Edmund D. Barbour who took out this patent was probably Edmund Dana Barbour (1841–1925), a Boston native who reportedly gained a fortune in the China trade before returning to Boston in 1871, not long before taking out this patent. Barbour took our two other patents calculating machines, invested successfully in the Bell Telephone Company, carried out extensive genealogical research, and left most of his fortune in bequests to Harvard University, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Radcliffe College.
label: Description
content: References:
label: Description
content: Edmund D. Barbour, "Improvement in Calculating Machines," U.S. Patent 133188, November 19, 1872.
label: Description
content: J.A.V. Turck, <I>Origin of Modern Calculating Machines</I>, Chicago: Western Society of Engineers, 1921, pp. 180–187.
label: Description
content: “Sharon’s Rich Men,” <I>Boston Daily Globe</I>, February 20, 1888, p. 6.
label: Description
content: “Fund for Three Local Colleges: Edmund D Barbour’s Will Gives Each $20,000 a Year,” <I>Boston Daily Globe</I>, March 13, 1925.
label: Description
content: J. Gardner Bartlett, “Edmund Dana Barbour,” <I>The New England Historical and Genealogical Register </I>, vol. 79, October 1925, pp. 339–344.
label: Location
content: Currently not on view
place: label: place made
content: United States: Massachusetts, Boston
label: place patented
content: United States: Massachusetts, Boston
topic: label: Subject
content: Mathematics
setName: label: See more items in
content: Medicine and Science: Mathematics
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content: Calculating Machines
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content: Science & Mathematics
dataSource: label: Data Source
content: National Museum of American History
identifier: label: ID Number
content: MA.309173
label: accession number
content: 89797
label: catalog number
content: 309173
objectType: label: Object Name
content: calculating machine
label: Object Type
content: Patent Model
physicalDescription: label: Physical Description
content: brass (overall material)
label: Physical Description
content: wood (overall material)
label: Measurements
content: overall: 2.5 cm x 41 cm x 9.1 cm; 31/32 in x 16 5/32 in x 3 19/32 in