Faience Manufacturing Tile
notes: label: Description
content: About the Arts and Crafts Movement:
label: Description
content: Beginning in England in the early 1880s, the Arts and Crafts movement spread across the United States and Europe by the late 1880s. It celebrated the importance of beauty in everyday objects and urged a reconnection to nearby nature. The movement resisted the way industrial mass production undermined artisan crafts and was inspired by the ideas of artisan William Morris and writer John Ruskin. Valuing hand-made objects using traditional materials, it was known for a color palette of earth tones. Its artistic principles replaced realistic, colorful, and three-dimensional designs with more abstract and simplified forms using subdued tones. Stylized plant forms and matte glazes echoed a shift to quiet restraint in household décor. The Arts and Crafts movement also embraced social ideals, including respect for skilled hand labor and concern for the quality of producers’ lives. The movement struggled with the tension between the cost of beautiful crafts and the limited number of households able to afford them. Some potters relied on practical products such as drain tiles to boost income or supported themselves with teaching or publications. Arts and Crafts influence extended to other endeavors, including furniture, such as Stickley’s Mission Style, and architecture, such as the Arts and Crafts bungalow, built widely across the United States. American Arts and Crafts pottery flourished between 1880 and the first World War, though several potteries continued in successful operation into the later 20^th^ century.
label: Description
content: About Faience Manufacturing Company: The Faience Manufacturing Company was an early commercial art pottery established in 1880 in Greenpoint, Brooklyn, New York. Initially, the factory produced cream-colored earthenware with underglaze painting in the style of the fashionable French faience and Limoges pottery; faience, the white tin-glazed earthenware used in France, inspired the company name. Four years later, the firm hired the well-known English potter Edward Lycett as decorator and director, and he introduced a new clay body and hard porcelain glaze. The Faience wares became known for their Near Eastern forms, eccentric handles, and elaborate jewel-like ornament; exotic imagery of Japanese birds and flowers was common. The larger pieces, often requiring more than one firing, resulted in their elevated status as expensive one-of-a-kind art objects. However, the pottery also produced smaller objects such as trays, perfume vases, and boxes. Lycett left the firm in 1890 when it was sold, and the firm closed in 1891.
label: Description
content: About the Object:
label: Description
content: Square tile.
label: Location
content: Currently not on view
place: label: place made
content: United States: New York, Brooklyn, Greenpoint
topic: label: Subject
content: Art Pottery
setName: label: See more items in
content: Home and Community Life: Ceramics and Glass
creditLine: label: Credit Line
content: Mrs. Marcus Benjamin
dataSource: label: Data Source
content: National Museum of American History
identifier: label: ID Number
content: CE.379522
label: catalog number
content: 379522
label: accession number
content: 150313
objectType: label: Object Name
content: tile
label: Object Type
content: tile
physicalDescription: label: Physical Description
content: polychrome (overall surface decoration color name)
label: Physical Description
content: ceramic, earthenware (overall material)
label: Measurements
content: overall: 7/16 in x 6 1/8 in x 6 1/8 in; 1.11125 cm x 15.5575 cm x 15.5575 cm