Curta Type I Calculating Machine
date: label: date made
content: ca 1965
name: label: maker
content: Contina AG Mauren
notes: label: Description
content: This compact cylindrical handheld calculating machine has black metal sides and a plastic top and operating handle. Eight slots along the side of the cylinder hold levers that are pulled down to set numbers. The digit entered appears at the top of the slot. Holes around the edge of the top reveal the digits of the multiplier, which may be up to six digits large. The result also shows through holes around the edge of the top, and may be 11 digits large. The top may be rotated, as one one would move a carriage on an earlier stepped drum calculating machine. Sliding decimal markers indicate decimal places in entries, multipliers, and results.
label: Description
content: To zero the machine, one raises the carriage and rotates a black disc under the operating lever through one turn. The operating handle is pulled out for subtraction and division. A lever on the side of the cylinder may be set for subtraction rather than addition in the revolution counting register.
label: Description
content: The machine fits in black metal cylindrical case. The lid of the case turns clockwise to open.
label: Description
content: A mark on the side reads: CURTA. A mark on the base reads: System Curt Herzstark (/) Made in Liechtenstein (/) by Contina AG Mauren (/) Type I No 61644. A mark on the lid reads: OPEN.
label: Description
content: The Curta calculating machine was invented by the Austrian Curt Hertzstark (1902–1988). Hertstark, a Jew, was subject to imprisonment by the Nazis when they captured Austria. He worked on the design of the Curta during World War II as a prisoner at the concentration camp of Buchenwald, and produced the machine after the war in Liechtenstein. The Curta Type I was sold from at least 1949 until early 1972, when handheld electronic calculators replaced it.
label: Description
content: For related documentation, see 1981.0922.02,1981.0922.03 and 1981.0922.04.
label: Description
content: Compare to MA.333848. This machine has red marks to make it easier to find the setting levers.
label: Description
content: References:
label: Description
content: Curt Hertstark, Interview with Erwin Tomash, September 10 and 11, 1987, Oral History 140, Charles Babbage Institute, Minneapolis, Minnesota. Hertstark dates the beginning of production of the Curta to 1949.
label: Description
content: Cliff Stoll, “The Curious History of the First Pocket Calculator,” <I>Scientific American</I>, (January 2004), pp. 82–89. Stoll and others give 1947 as the date of introduction of the Curta.
label: Location
content: Currently not on view
place: label: place made
content: Liechtenstein
topic: label: Subject
content: Mathematics
setName: label: See more items in
content: Medicine and Science: Mathematics
label: See more items in
content: Calculating Machines
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content: Science & Mathematics
creditLine: label: Credit Line
content: Gift of John White
dataSource: label: Data Source
content: National Museum of American History
identifier: label: ID Number
content: 1981.0922.01
label: catalog number
content: 1981.0922.01
label: accession number
content: 1981.0922
label: maker number
content: 61644
objectType: label: Object Name
content: calculating machine
physicalDescription: label: Physical Description
content: metal (overall material)
label: Physical Description
content: plastic (overall material)
label: Measurements
content: overall: 12 cm x 5.7 cm x 5.7 cm; 4 23/32 in x 2 1/4 in x 2 1/4 in