Defaced Emmett Till Historic Marker
date: label: related
content: 1955-08-28
notes: label: Description
content: Defaced historical and memorial marker from the Emmett Till Interpretive Center in Sumner, Mississippi. The marker is silver metal, painted purple with white lettering. The sign is rectangular with a bell-like curve at the top. Inside of the curved space, there is a circle with a white magnolia flower at the center. The paint is peeling and the flower is obscured by bullet holes that have passed through the sign from both sides. The title, “River Site,” is centered in larger font just below the image of the flower. The word “Site” is illegible due to bullet holes. Below the title, in smaller, centered font, the sign reads: “This is the site where Till’s body was removed from the river. It was then taken to Greenwood, MS. Then the body was sent back to Money, MS for burial. Via a phone call from Till’s mother, ‘not to bury her son,’ the body was then taken back to Greenwood. The body was then sent to Tutwiler, MS for final preparation to be sent to Chicago, IL.” The sign’s surface is disfigured by hundreds of pellet gun and bullet holes. Dozens of larger bullet holes have fully pierced the metal and stripped the purple paint and white letters from the sign, leaving a ring of bright silver metal around each hole, and making it difficult to read the words. 
label: Description
content: The Emmett Till Memorial Commission (ETMC) donated the River Site historic marker to share Emmett Till’s Mississippi story with national and global audiences. The defaced marker speaks to anti-black violence past and present, and to ETMC’s decades-long determination to recognize this history. The ETMC was founded in 2006 by Jerome G. Little, Tallahatchie County’s first Black President of the Board of Supervisors. Little and six other Black men, known as the Magnificent Seven organized in 1977 to seek public office and provide clean water, housing, voting rights, education, and healthcare to Tallahatchie County’s Black residents. They sued the county three times to procure Black voting representation in the county. After gaining political office, Little connected Black history to the effort to secure human rights and formed the Commission. In 2007, ETMC secured a public apology for the Tallahatchie County’s miscarriage of justice in trial of Till’s murders. In 2008, they erected several historic plaques across the county marking sites Emmett’s kidnapping and lynching. These markers as well as a state historic marker commemorating Till continue to be defaced with acid, stolen, and riddled with bullets.
label: Description
content: This River Site marker is the second of four markers placed at this site by the Tallahatchie River. The first marker was stolen, the second marker was riddled with 317 bullet holes, and the third marker was shot up in 2019 and captured media attention when three University of Mississippi students from the Kappa Alpha fraternity posed with rifles in front of the sign. The ETMC installed a bullet-proof marker in 2019. Within months, a security camera which captured images of a white supremacist rally at the site.
label: Description
content: The bullet holes represent more than just random attacks. For many community members, these aggressions are an extension of the violence inflicted on Black people—in 1955 through the present. The Commission remains undeterred. As Little remarked in 2008 “I want to make sure that whoever did this knows that. . . . [e]very time [this sign is] taken down, it’s going back up.”
label: Description
content: Members of ETMC and Till family friends and family co-curated an exhibition Reckoning with Remembrance: History, Injustice, and the Murder of Emmett Till in 2021.
place: label: Associated Place
content: United States: Mississippi, Sumner
topic: label: classified
content: Memorial
label: classified
content: Racism
label: classified
content: Murder
label: general subject association
content: Jim Crow
label: general subject association
content: Segregation
label: general subject association
content: Lynching and Racial Terror or Policing
label: general subject association
content: African American
label: general subject association
content: African American History
label: general subject association
content: Black Lives Matter
label: general subject association
content: Civil Rights Movement
label: general subject association
content: Terrorism
setName: label: See more items in
content: Political History: Political History, Civil Rights Collection
label: See more items in
content: Government, Politics, and Reform
creditLine: label: Credit Line
content: Gift of Emmett Till Interpretive Center
dataSource: label: Data Source
content: National Museum of American History
identifier: label: ID Number
content: 2020.0077.01
label: accession number
content: 2020.0077
label: catalog number
content: 2020.0077.01
objectType: label: Object Name
content: marker, historical
label: Object Type
content: Site Marker
physicalDescription: label: Physical Description
content: metal (overall material)
label: Physical Description
content: magenta (overall color)
label: Measurements
content: overall: with supports: 40 in x 52 in x 3 1/4 in; 101.6 cm x 132.08 cm x 8.255 cm
label: Measurements
content: overall: sign: 40 in x 46 in x 3 1/4 in; 101.6 cm x 116.84 cm x 8.255 cm