Abney level with compass and pentaprism
name: label: maker
content: Keuffel & Esser Co.
notes: label: Description
content: William de Wiveleslie Abney (1843–1920), an English scientist who made many important contributions to spectroscopy and photography, devised this level in the 1870s while working for the School of Military Engineering at Chatham.
label: Description
content: This Abney level is equipped with clinometer and compass. Keuffel & Esser termed it a "Universal Instrument" that gives bearing, grade, and distance with sufficient accuracy for military reconnaissance and preliminary surveying. The clinometer scale is graduated to degrees, and read by vernier to 10 minutes. The inscription reads "KEUFFEL & ESSER CO N. Y." New, it cost $34.
label: Description
content: Ref: Keuffel & Esser, <i>Catalogue</i> (New York, 1921), p. 434.
label: Description
content: C. Jones, "Sir William de Wiveleslie Abney, K.C.B., D.C.L., D.Sc., F.R.S., Hon. F.R.P.S., etc.," <i>The Photographic Journal</i> 61 (1921): 296–311.
label: Location
content: Currently not on view
place: label: place made
content: United States: New York, New York City
setName: label: See more items in
content: Medicine and Science: Physical Sciences
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content: Surveying and Geodesy
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content: Measuring & Mapping
creditLine: label: Credit Line
content: University of Missouri-Columbia, Department of Civil Engineering
dataSource: label: Data Source
content: National Museum of American History
identifier: label: ID Number
content: PH.333654
label: catalog number
content: 333654
label: accession number
content: 300659
objectType: label: Object Name
content: Abney level
physicalDescription: label: Measurements
content: case: 5 3/8 in x 3 3/8 in x 2 1/2 in; 13.6525 cm x 8.5725 cm x 6.35 cm
label: Measurements
content: level: 2 5/8 in x 5 in x 1 3/4 in; 6.6675 cm x 12.7 cm x 4.445 cm
label: Measurements
content: overall in case: 5 5/8 in x 3 1/2 in x 2 9/16 in; 14.2875 cm x 8.89 cm x 6.50875 cm