Tusk
date: label: Date
content: 1861
name: label: Maker
content: Kongo artist
notes: label: Label Text
content: This ivory tusk, collected in 1861, is an example of an important tradition of export art. It was carved by an artist who lived along the Loango coast in the Congo region. He rendered with detail a series of pictorial sequences in relief that spiral the length of the tusk. Figures in the scenes seem to depict Loango life as a series of men posed and making culturally significant gestures. It has both interesting imagery that relates to trade and local traditions and a base that documents its collection history: Paymaster Geo. Kennedy U.S. Navy to Dudley Kavanagh 1863 Procured on West Coast of Africa in 1861.
label: Description
content: Ivory tusk with spiral relief carving of Africans with finial of seated European male with left hand on beard and right on thigh on a dark wood circular base tapering to top and seperate ivory ring with inscription in English.
label: Provenance
content: George Kennedy, U.S. Navy, 1861 to 1863
label: Provenance
content: Dudley Kavanagh, 1863
label: Provenance
content: Edward Eliçofon, New York, -- to 1974
label: Exhibition History
content: From Slavery to Freedom, National Underground Railroad Freedom Center, Cincinnati, July 2004-October 2007
label: Exhibition History
content: Captive Passages: The Atlantic Slave Trade and the Making of the Americas, Mariner's Museum, Newport News, Virginia, April 6, 2002-January 5, 2003; Anacostia Community Museum, Washington D.C., February 2-August 21, 2003; South Street Seaport Museum, New York, October 1, 2003-February 15, 2004
label: Exhibition History
content: Elephant: The Animal and Its Ivory in African Culture, Fowler Museum of Cultural History, University of California, Los Angeles, September 25, 1992-June 1, 1993
label: Published References
content: Felix, Marc Leo (ed). 2010. White Gold, Black Hands: Ivory Sculpture in Congo, Vol 1. Qiquhar, Heilungkiang, The People's Republic of China: Gemini Sun, p. 84, no. 26c.
label: Published References
content: Park, Edwards. 1983. Treasures of the Smithsonian. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Books, p. 391.
label: Published References
content: Ross, Doran (ed). 1992. Elephant: The Animal and Its Ivory in African Culture. Los Angeles: Fowler Museum of Cultural History, University of California, p. 36, no. 1-61.
label: Published References
content: Strother, Zoé Sara. 2016. Humor and Violence: Seeing Europeans in Central African Art. Indiana University Press.
label: Content Statement
content: As part of our commitment to accessibility and transparency, the Smithsonian National Museum of African Art is placing its collection records online. Please note that some records are incomplete (missing image or content descriptions) and others reflect out-of-date language or systems of thought regarding how to engage with and discuss cultural heritage and the specifics of individual artworks. If you see content requiring immediate action, we will do our best to address it in a timely manner. Please email nmafacuratorial@si.edu if you have any questions.
label: Image Requests
content: High resolution digital images are not available for some objects. For publication quality photography and permissions, please contact the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives at https://africa.si.edu/research/eliot-elisofon-photographic-archives/
place: label: Geography
content: Loango coast, Congo
topic: label: Topic
content: bird
label: Topic
content: foreigner
label: Topic
content: furniture
label: Topic
content: Writing
label: Topic
content: monkey
label: Topic
content: male
label: Topic
content: female
setName: label: See more items in
content: National Museum of African Art Collection
creditLine: label: Credit Line
content: Gift of Edward I. Eliçofon
dataSource: label: Data Source
content: National Museum of African Art
identifier: label: Object number
content: 74-20-2
objectType: label: Type
content: Sculpture
objectRights: label: Restrictions & Rights
content: CC0
physicalDescription: label: Medium
content: Ivory, wood
label: Dimensions
content: H x W x D: 32.8 x 13.6 x 13.5 cm (12 15/16 x 5 3/8 x 5 5/16 in.)