<I>Black Journal: 9; Tribute to Malcolm X</I>
date: label: Date
content: 1969
name: label: Produced by
content: National Educational Television, American, 1954 - 1970
label: Edited by
content: Madeline Anderson, American
label: Subject of
content: Malcolm X, American, 1925 - 1965
label: Subject of
content: Dr. Betty Shabazz, American, 1934 - 1997
label: Owned by
content: Pearl Bowser, American, 1931 - 2023
notes: label: Caption
content: This 16mm film is a short documentary made by Madeline Anderson for National Education Television's Black Journal television program to commemorate the four year anniversary of the assassination of Malcolm X.
label: Description
content: A short documentary made for the National Education Television's Black Journal television program. It consists of a single reel of 16mm black-and-white acetate film with optical sound and was made from compiled footage of Malcolm X to commemorate the four-year anniversary of his assassination.
label: Description
content: This film opens with footage of the public attending the funeral/wake of Malcolm X, and a voice-over of a male narrator recounts the sentiments of some individuals describing what Malcolm X meant to the African American community during his life and after his assassination. Malcolm X's wife, Betty Shabazz, discusses Malcolm's early childhood roots, family, stints in foster care and boys' homes, and his struggle to stay on the straight and narrow in Boston, MA. The narrator then picks back up describing Malcolm X's biography and attitude towards race relations and integration in America. Excerpts from various television interviews with Malcolm X play.
label: Description
content: During the first interview clip, Malcolm explains why he believes integration has not been successful and cannot be successful (during that particular point in time) unless certain issues are addressed. In the second interview clip, Malcolm discusses why he was silenced by the Nation of Islam for a comment he made shortly after the assassination of President John F. Kennedy. He elaborates on what he actually meant by saying that "chickens are coming home to roost" amid an unaddressed climate of hate in the United States. The third interview is with Malcolm after he returned from his pilgrimage to Mecca. American reporters ask him about his feelings on integration in America, now that he has returned from Mecca, where Muslims from all over were participating in the pilgrimage to Mecca together. Malcolm states that his feelings on integration have not changed as a result of the brotherhood he experienced during his trip to Mecca.
label: Description
content: An interview with Betty Shabazz picks up again, and she further explains her late husband's beliefs concerning integration and his wish to redirect the goal of the black struggle from civil rights to human rights by internationalizing the struggle and aligning African Americans with other marginalized groups around the world. Another interview with Malcolm X plays, and he explains, in his own words, how human rights is an international issue that should be addressed by the United Nations. Footage of a civil rights demonstration plays. Malcolm X addresses students in Selma, Alabama and talks about charging the United States with human rights violations. Further, he tells a story in which he defines what he believes to be the difference in mentality between what he calls a "field negro" and a "house negro". He states that he is a "field negro" ready to fight for his freedom.
place: label: Place filmed
content: Harlem, Manhattan, New York City, New York County, New York, United States, North and Central America
title: label: Title
content: Film clip from Black Journal: Episode 9
topic: label: Topic
content: African American
label: Topic
content: Black power
label: Topic
content: Civil Rights
label: Topic
content: Documentary films
label: Topic
content: Film
label: Topic
content: Funeral customs and rites
label: Topic
content: Islam
label: Topic
content: Mass media
label: Topic
content: Public television
label: Topic
content: Resistance
label: Topic
content: Social reform
label: Topic
content: U.S. History, 1961-1969
setName: label: See more items in
content: National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection
label: Collection title
content: Pearl Bowser Collection
label: Portfolio/Series
content: Black Journal
label: Classification
content: Time-based Media - Moving Images
label: Movement
content: Civil Rights Movement
label: Movement
content: Black Nationalism
creditLine: label: Credit Line
content: Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Pearl Bowser
dataSource: label: Data Source
content: National Museum of African American History and Culture
identifier: label: Object number
content: 2012.79.1.37.1a
objectType: label: Type
content: sound films
label: Type
content: black-and-white films (visual works)
label: Type
content: short subjects
label: Type
content: 16mm (photographic film size)
objectRights: label: Restrictions & Rights
content: © National Educational Television
label: Restrictions & Rights
content: Permission required for use. Proper usage is the responsibility of the user.
physicalDescription: label: Medium
content: acetate film
label: Dimensions
content: Physical extent (film): 500 ft
label: Dimensions
content: Duration: 14 min.