Waud H. Kracke papers
name: label: Creator
content: Kracke, Waud H.
place: label: Place
content: Amazonas (Brazil)
label: Place
content: Brazil
label: Place
content: Peru
label: Place
content: South America
topic: label: Topic
content: Ethnology
label: Topic
content: Ethnology -- Brazil
label: Topic
content: Language and languages -- Documentation
label: Topic
content: Psychoanalysis and anthropology
acqinfo: label: Provenance
content: The Waud H. Kracke papers were donated to the National Anthropological Archives in 2017 by Ernesta Kraczkiewicz, Kracke's sister and executor to the Estate of Waud Hocking Kracke. Previously, they were housed (unprocessed) at the University of Illinois at Chicago University Archives.
creator: label: Creator
content: Kracke, Waud H.
culture: label: Culture
content: Parintintín (Parintintin)
label: Culture
content: Tupian
label: Culture
content: Tenharim
label: Culture
content: Tupi-Guarani
setName: label: See more items in
content: Waud H. Kracke papers
abstract: label: Summary
content: Waud Hocking Kracke was a psychoanalytic anthropologist who studied and advocated for the Parintintin (Kagwahiv) people of the Brazilian Amazon. The Waud H. Kracke papers, 1959-2013, document his research among the Parintintin, as well as his published and unpublished writings and his professorship in the Department of Anthropology at the University of Illinois at Chicago.
bioghist: label: Biographical Note
content: Waud Hocking Kracke was an anthropologist who studied and advocated for the Parintintin (Kagwahiv) people of the Brazilian Amazon.

Born to Edward and Joan (nee Hocking) in Beijing, China in 1939, Kracke earned a bachelor's degree in history and science from Harvard College (1961) before transitioning to graduate studies in anthropology at the University of Chicago. He earned his master's degree in 1966 before being awarded his Ph.D. in 1973. In 1975 he was awarded a certificate from the Chicago Institute for Psychoanalysis in their research training program in psychoanalysis. Kracke began working as an instructor in the Department of Anthropology at the University of Illinois at Chicago Circle (UICC) in 1970. Though he would take visiting positions at Bennington College in Vermont (1982) and the Universidade de Brasília (1983), he continued teaching at UICC (which became the University of Illinois at Chicago, or UIC, in 1982) for the entirety of his professional career, earning tenure in 1990.

Kracke's doctoral dissertation, "Emotions and Personality in Parintintin Politics: A Study of Political Structure and Commotive Leadership in an Amazon Indian Tribe" (1973), became his first and only solo-authored book: Force and Persuasion: Leadership in an Amazonian Society, published by the University of Chicago Press in 1978. Kracke authored and collaborated on over 40 articles and encyclopedia entries focusing not only on the Parintintin, but on the subjects of anthropology and psychoanalysis. He was the recipient of two Fulbright awards, as well as the Boyer Prize for Contributions to Psychoanalytic Anthropology.

Following his doctoral fieldwork from 1967-1968, Kracke returned to Brazil and to the Parintintin at least once in every decade until his death. In 1985, he helped in the process of demarcating the Área (Terra) Indígena Parintintin on behalf of the Fundação Nacional do Índio (FUNAI). In 2007, he donated his artifact collections as well as copies (digital and physical) of his archival materials to the Museu do Índio in Río de Janeiro, Brazil, with the express wish of providing easy access for the Parintintin and other Tupí peoples.

Kracke was married twice; first, to Laura Huyssen Kracke (who, along with their son, Peter, accompanied him on several field trips to Brazil) and, later, to Brazilian Lúcia Villela Minnerly. He died on December 31, 2013 at his home in Hyde Park, Illinois.

Sources consulted:

"Anthropologist Waud Kracke, 74." UIC Today. 2014 February 4.

Curriculum vitae, Series 6: Professional files, Waud H. Kracke papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

"In memorium: Recent faculty and alumni obituaries." The University of Chicago Magazine (Spring-Summer 2014).

José Ribamar Bessa Freire, "Waud Kracke, o leitor de sonhos dos Parintintin," Taqui Pra Ti, 2014 February 2, www.taquiprati.com.br.

Chronology

1939 October 18 -- Born in Beijing, China to Edward and Joan Kracke

1962 -- B.A. (History and Science) Harvard College

1962 -- Fieldwork in Chanzeaux, Maine-et-Loire, France

1966 -- M.A. (Anthropology), University of Chicago

1966-1968 -- Doctoral fieldwork among the Kagwahiv (Parintintin) Indians, Amazonas, Brazil

1970-1973 -- Instructor, Department of Anthropology, University of Illinois at Chicago Circle

1971-1973 -- Associate editor, American Anthropologist

1972-1973 -- Member, Planning Group for the Center for Psychosocial Studies

1973 -- Ph.D. (Anthropology) University of Chicago

1973-1977 -- Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, University of Illinois at Chicago Circle

1975 -- Certificate conferred (research training program in psychoanalysis) Chicago Institute for Psychoanalysis

1977 -- Consultant, Cultural Survival working group on resettlement in Amazonia

1977-1990 -- Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology, University of Illinois at Chicago

1979-1986 -- Contributing editor, Handbook of Latin American Studies

1982 -- Visiting Professor, Division of Social Sciences Bennington College (Vermont)

1983 -- Fulbright Lecturer, Departamento de Ciências Sociais, Universidade de Brasília

1985 -- Team member, Fundação Nacional do Índio (Brazilian Indian Service) team for identification of indigenous land

1988 -- Awardee, Boyer Prize for Contributions to Psychoanalytic Anthropology

1990-2013 -- Professor, Department of Anthropology, University of Illinois at Chicago

2013 December 31 -- Died in Chicago, Illinois
physdesc: label: Extent
content: 73.94 Linear feet (157 boxes)
unitdate: label: Date
content: 1959-2013
dataSource: label: Archival Repository
content: National Anthropological Archives
identifier: label: Identifier
content: NAA.2017-12
objectType: label: Type
content: Collection descriptions
label: Type
content: Archival materials
arrangement: label: Arrangement
content: The collection is arranged in the following 6 series:

Series 1: Field notes and research, circa 1962-2010, undated

Series 2: Writings, 1959-2012

Series 3: Correspondence, 1962-2013

Series 4: Teaching files, 1966-2013

Series 5: University of Illinois at Chicago files, 1967-2013

Series 6: Professional files, circa 1960-2012 (bulk 1980-1989)
processinfo: label: Processing Information
content: The Waud H. Kracke papers arrived at the National Anthropological Archives in boxes organized and labeled by Kracke's former graduate assistant, Dylan T. Lott. The archivist created series and sub-series based on this original arrangement of the materials.

The archivist retained Kracke's own labels for folders and items, where the original text was evident and legible. Illegible labels and labels not in English have been photocopied and placed in their corresponding locations in the collection. Documents containing student grades have been removed and destroyed. In Sub-series 6.7: Writings by others, only the material that was rare, annotated, or otherwise of enduring archival value was retained.

Processed and encoded by Katherine Madison, 2018
bibliography: label: Selected Bibliography
content: 1967. "The Maintenance of the Ego: Implications of Sensory Deprivation Research for Psychoanalytic Ego Psychology."  -- British Journal of Medical Psychology --  40: 17-28.

1976. "Uxorilocality in Patriliny: Kagwahiv Filial Separation."  -- Ethos --  4(3): 295-310.

1978.  -- Force and Persuasion: Leadership in an Amazonian Society -- . Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

1978. "A Psychoanalyst in the Field: Erikson's Contributions to Anthropology." In  -- Childhood and Selfhood: Essays on Tradition, Religion and Modernity in the Psychology of Erik Erikson -- , edited by Peter Homans. Lewisburg: Bucknell University Press. Reprinted in  -- Advances in Psychoanalytic Sociology --  (California: The Krieger Press, 1986).

1979. "Dreaming in Kagwahiv: Dream Beliefs and their Psychic Functions in a South American Indian Culture."  -- Psychoanalytic Study of Society --  8: 249-267.

1980. "Amazonian Interviews: Dreams of a Bereaved Father."  -- Annual of Psychoanalysis --  8: 249-267.

1980. "The Complementarity of Social and Psychological Regularities: Leadership as a Mediating Phenomenon."  -- Ethos --  8(4): 273-285.

1981. "Don't Let the Piranha Bite Your Liver: A Psychoanalytic Approach to Kagwahiv Food Taboos." In  -- Food Taboos in Lowland South America -- , edited by Waud H. Kracke and Kenneth M. Kensinger.  -- Working Papers on South American Indians --  3: 91-142. Republished in  -- Psychoanalytic Study of Society --  15: 205-246.

1981. "Kagwahiv Mourning: Dreams of a Bereaved Father."  -- Ethos --  9(4): 258-275. Reprinted in  -- Dreams: A Reader on Religious, Cultural, and Psychological Dimensions of Dreaming -- , edited by Kelly Bulkeley. New York: Palgrave.

1984. "Form without Function? Kagwahiv Moieties and Marriage." In  -- Marriage Practices in Lowland South America -- , edited by Kenneth M. Kensinger. Urbana: University of Illinois.

1984. "Malinowski and the Sphynx." In  -- Psychoanalysis: The Vital Issues -- , edited by John E. Gedo and George Pollock. New York: International Universities Press. Emotions and Behavior Monographs no. 2.

1986. "Mitos nos sonhos: Uma contribuição amazônia a teoria psicanalítica do processo primário."  -- Anuario Antropológico --  84: 47-94.

1987. "Encounter with Other Cultures: Psychological and Epistemological Aspects."  -- Ethos --  15(1): 58-81.

1988. "Kagwahiv Mourning II: Ghosts, Grief, and Reminiscences."  -- Ethos --  16(2): 209-222.

1990. "El sueño como vehículo del poder shamánico: Interpretaciones culturales y significados personales de los sueños entre los Parintintin." In  -- Antropologia y experiencias del sueño -- , edited by Michael Perrin. Quito: Abya-Yala Editions.

1991. "Languages of Dreaming: Anthropological Approaches to the Study of Dreaming in Other Cultures." In  -- Dreaming: A Call to Mental Arms -- , edited by Jayne Gackenbach and Anees Sheikh. Farmingdale: Baywood Press.

1991. "The Self and Kagwahiv Dreams."  -- Psychoanalytic Study of Society --  16: 43-53.

1992. "He Who Dreams: The Noctural Source of Transforming Power in Kagwahiv Shamanism." In  -- Portals of Power: Shamanism in South America -- , edited by Jean Langdon. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.

1997. "Dreams, Ghosts, Tales: Parintintin Imagination."  -- The Psychoanalytic Review --  84(2): 273-281.

1999. "A Language of Dreaming: Dreams of an Amazonian Insomniac."  -- The International Journal of Psycho-analysis --  80(2): 257-275.

2006. "To Dream, Perchance to Cure: Dreaming and Shamanism in a Brazilian Indigenous Society."  -- Social Analysis: The International Journal of Social and Cultural Practice --  50(2): 106-120.

2009. "Dream as Deceit, Dream as Truth: The Grammar of Telling Dreams."  -- Anthropological Linguistics --  51(1): 64-77.
scopecontent: label: Scope and Contents
content: The Waud H. Kracke papers, 1959-2013, document the research and professional accomplishments of social-psychoanalytical anthropologist Waud Kracke. Kracke studied the Parintintin (Kagwahiv) Indians of the Amazon as well as related Tupí indigenous cultures. He taught at the University of Illinois at Chicago (until 1982, the University of Illinois at Chicago Circle) for his entire professional career, with visiting stints at Bennington College in Vermont and the Universidade de Brasília in Río de Janiero, Brazil. Kracke contributed heavily to the anthropological literature on emotions, dream interpretation, myths, and psychoanalytic anthropology. His dissertation became the anthropological classic Force and Persuasion: Leadership in an Amazonian Society. In 1985, he worked to help research and demarcate the Área Indígena Parintintin for the Fundação Nacional do Índio (Brazil's National Indian Foundation, or FUNAI).

This collection documents Kracke's field research, writings, teaching, university service, and professional associations. It includes agendas and schedules; applications; bibliographies; correspondence; course files; CVs and resumes; departmental records; dissertations and theses; drafts and copies of presentations and manuscripts; field notes; forms and guidelines; handbooks; indigenous drawings, sketches, and paintings; interview transcripts; invitations; language texts and dictionaries; lecture notes; letters of recommendation; maps; meeting minutes; memoranda; photographic prints, negatives, and slides; published writings; reports; research proposals; reviews; student files; and syllabi.
relatedmaterial: label: Related Materials
content: The Museu do Índio/FUNAI in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil contains a substantial collection of artifacts and documentation related to the Parintintin people as collected and created by Waud Kracke.

The Indiana University Archives of Traditional Music holds the sound recordings collected and created by Waud Kracke regarding his ethnographic work in Brazil.

The papers of Kracke's father, Edward A. Kracke, Jr., a professor of East Asian studies at the University of Chicago, are held at the University's Special Collections Research Center.
separatedmaterial: label: Separated Materials
content: One DVD-R in this collection has been transferred to the Human Studies Film Archives, accession number HSFA/NAFC 2018-009.