Anonymous drawings, possibly Lakota, on pages of book made of printed forms for Property Return
odd: label: Local Numbers
content: NAA MS 384177
name: label: Collector
content: Brotherton, D. H.  (David H.)
place: label: Place
content: North America
label: Place
content: Dakota Territory
creator: label: Collector
content: Brotherton, D. H.  (David H.)
culture: label: Culture
content: Lakota (Teton/Western Sioux)
setName: label: See more items in
content: Anonymous drawings, possibly Lakota, on pages of book made of printed forms for Property Return
bioghist: label: Biographical Note
content: A chronology of D.H. Brotherton's military career was provided by Major General Edward F. Witsell of the War Department in a letter to John Ewers, SI, dated August 29, 1946: 

"Brotherton who was on duty at Ft Snelling, Minn from 4 February 1880 to 13 July 1880, assumed command of Ft Buford, Dakota Territory 20 July 1880, and relinquished command of that post 30 August 1881. He assumed command of Ft Stevenson, D.T. 7 September 1881 and relinquished command of the post 20 October 1881." 

War Dept Archives states:

Ft Snelling 12 June 1882 - 16 Jan 1884. Retired 14 April 1884. Died 17 September 1889. D.H. Brotherton accepted the surrender of Sitting Bull at Ft Buford, N. Dakota on July 17, 1881.
physdesc: label: Extent
content: 9 Drawings (visual works) (graphite and colored pencil, 10 x 9.5 inches)
unitdate: label: Date
content: circa 1880-1884
container: label: Container
content: Box 384177
custodhist: label: Custodial History
content: The drawings were received in 1946, as part of a collection assembled by David H. Brotherton during his military career. The material passed through several hands before reaching the museum, having gone from Brotherton to his widow, to her sister, and to the sister's daughter, Mrs. Thomas T. (Ruth) Brown, the donor. Materials were identified as to tribe primarily by museum staff, almost all as Sioux; a few evidently came with further identifying information. The collection consisted primarily of artifacts and was registered by the USNM as Accession 173740 and cataloged in the general Anthropology collection. In the 1970s materials on paper were transferred from the object collections of the Department of Anthropology to the National Anthropological Archives, including two sets of drawings (now MS 384176 and MS 384177), a series of photographic prints of American Indians (now part of Photo Lot 24, 00615600-00616100 and 00942600),  and watercolors by Herman Stieffel, 5th Infantry, of events and locations in Kansas and Montana (now at Smithsonian American Art Museum).
dataSource: label: Archival Repository
content: National Anthropological Archives
identifier: label: Identifier
content: NAA.MS384177
objectType: label: Type
content: Collection descriptions
label: Type
content: Archival materials
label: Type
content: Graphic Materials
label: Type
content: Drawings (visual works)
label: Type
content: Ledger drawings
label: Type
content: Works of art
label: Type
content: Drawings
genre_format: label: Genre/Form
content: Ledger drawings
label: Genre/Form
content: Works of art
label: Genre/Form
content: Drawings
scopecontent: label: Scope and Contents
content: The collection consists of nine (9) Plains Indian drawings on the leaves of a book created by stitching together four folded sheets of printed forms, yielding eight leaves. One leaf has drawings on both sides, for a total of nine (9) drawings executed in graphite and colored pencil. The paper is unused forms for ration issue at Fort Peck, Montana, with the printed dated 188_. Some leaves are printed with the names of family heads to receive rations, rendered in both a Native language (not identified) and English.

Drawings are of intertribal warfare, the capture of horses, and a meeting between Brotherton and an Indian leader, identified in an inscription as Wetcohu or Wetcohee.

The authorship of the drawings is unknown. They appear to be by a single hand, whose work also appears in MS384176 and MS28804 "Anonymous Plains Indian Drawings, n.d." . The original identification as "Sioux," subsequently changed to the more specific Lakota, may be in error as the hair and attire of the Native man in the Brotherton image as well as other drawings is inconsistent with that tribe. Other possible tribal origins include Assiniboine, Arikara, and Crow, the latter two groups a source of Army scouts. The drawings can be dated to 1880-1884, the period of Brotherton's western service, based on the depiction of him in one image (384177 002), and the printed date of 188_.  While the forms are from Fort Peck, Montana, Brotherton never served there. However, bands from several tribes once at Ft. Peck, including Assiniboine, Yanktonai, and Hunkpapa, subsequently passed through Ft. Buford during Brotherton's service there (Miller et al 2008).

References cited:
Miller, David Reed, and Fort Peck Community College, eds.
 2008	The History of the Fort Peck Assiniboine and Sioux Tribes, 1800 - 2000. Poplar, Mont. : Helena, Mont: Fort Peck Community College ; Montana Historical Society Press.


Please note that the contents of the collection and the language and terminology used reflect the context and culture of the time of its creation. As an historical document, its contents may be at odds with contemporary views and terminology and considered offensive today. The information within this collection does not reflect the views of the Smithsonian Institution or National Anthropological Archives, but is available in its original form to facilitate research.
relatedmaterial: label: Related Materials
content: The National Anthropological Archives holds other drawings which may be by the same artist in MS 384176 and MS 28804.