John Reed Swanton photographs relating to Southeastern Native Americans
name: label: Creator
content: Swanton, John Reed, 1873-1958
index: label: Addl. KW Subj
content: Nuyaka Mission school

Creek (Muskogee)

Hillabi

Tuskegee

Tukabatchee

Alibamu

Chiaha

Eufaula

Kealedji

Hilibi; Hillabi

Laplako

Liwahali

Okfuskee

Okchai

Ofo
topic: label: Topic
content: Indians of North America -- Southern states
label: Topic
content: Dance
label: Topic
content: Language and languages -- Documentation
label: Topic
content: Dwellings
label: Topic
content: Games
creator: label: Creator
content: Swanton, John Reed, 1873-1958
culture: label: Culture
content: Catawba Indians
label: Culture
content: Muscogee (Creek)
label: Culture
content: Choctaw
label: Culture
content: Chitimacha
label: Culture
content: Creoles
label: Culture
content: Houma
label: Culture
content: Natchez
label: Culture
content: Seminole
label: Culture
content: Tunica
label: Culture
content: Taensa Indians
label: Culture
content: Pascagoula Indians
label: Culture
content: Coushatta (Koasati)
label: Culture
content: Alabama Indians
label: Culture
content: Atakapa
label: Culture
content: Cherokee
label: Culture
content: Chickasaw
label: Culture
content: Biloxi Indians
label: Culture
content: Caddo
label: Culture
content: Indians of North America -- Great Plains
label: Culture
content: Euchee (Yuchi)
label: Culture
content: Coosa Indians
setName: label: See more items in
content: John Reed Swanton photographs relating to Southeastern Native Americans
bioghist: label: Biographical/Historical note
content: John Reed Swanton (1873-1958) was an ethnologist and ethnohistorian with the Bureau of American Ethnology (BAE) from 1900 until his retirement in 1944. Swanton spent his first few years at the BAE conducting research among the Haida and Tlingit communities of the Pacific Northwest and Alaska, and published a number of significant articles on the language, ethnography, and folklore of Northwest Coast Tribes. His focus then shifted to Native Americans of the Southeastern United States.  

In addition to conducting ethnographic fieldwork in the Southeast, Swanton studied the history of the area in order to better understand its indigenous cultures and is considered a pioneer in the field of ethnohistory. During his career Swanton published numerous articles and several major works on Southeastern Native Americans, including the reference work The Indians of the Southeastern United States, Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 137, 1946.
physdesc: label: Extent
content: 175 Lantern slides
label: Extent
content: 415 Prints (duplicates not counted, silver gelatin)
label: Extent
content: 601 Negatives (photographic) (nitrate)
unitdate: label: Date
content: circa 1900s-1910s
custodhist: label: Custodial History note
content: The photographs came to the archives during Swanton's tenure at the Bureau of American Ethnology.

The negatives, contact prints, and lantern slides were separated over time in the BAE collections and stored by format. At some point a small number of prints were removed from the collection and filed by subject in Photo Lot 24. These are the prints that were digitized, and they have since been reunited with Photo Lot 76.
dataSource: label: Archival Repository
content: National Anthropological Archives
identifier: label: Identifier
content: NAA.PhotoLot.76
objectType: label: Type
content: Collection descriptions
label: Type
content: Archival materials
label: Type
content: Lantern slides
label: Type
content: Prints
label: Type
content: Negatives (photographic)
label: Type
content: Photographs
arrangement: label: Arrangement
content: Swanton's original order has been maintained. The photographs are in alphabetical order by language group or tribe. Lantern slides are listed at the end.
processinfo: label: Processing Information
content: The collection was processed by Gina Rappaport, 2010. Copy negatives were made circa 1980s. Not all negatives have associated prints, and some prints do not have associated negatives; therefore, both the prints and the negatives may need to be consulted to view all of the images. Swanton's original negative numbers have been maintained, and assigned to the associated prints. The original order of the lantern slides has been maintained, and "LS" numbers assigned by the archivist.

Collection and image descriptions provided in this finding aid were compiled using the best available sources of information. Such sources may include the creator's annotations or descriptions, collection accession files, primary and secondary source material (i.e. documents, publications, and websites), and subject matter experts.  While every effort is made to provide accurate information, it is understood that errors may reveal themselves following review by other subject experts, and new information is welcome.
altformavail: label: Existence and Location of Copies note
content: The lantern slides and some prints have been digitized and are available online.

Copy negatives have been made for the nitrate negatives.
bibliography: label: Selected Bibliography
content: "Indian Tribes of the lower Mississippi Valley and adjacent coast of the Gulf of Mexico,"  -- Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin --  43 

"The Indians of the Southeastern United States,"  -- Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin --  137 

"Social organization and social usages of the Indians of the Creek confederacy," 42nd  -- Bureau of American Ethnology Annual Report -- , 1924-1925
genre_format: label: Genre/Form
content: Photographs
label: Genre/Form
content: Lantern slides
scopecontent: label: Scope and Contents note
content: Photographs of Southeastern Native American people, homes, ceremonial grounds, and events made circa 1900s-1910s by John Reed Swanton.  The lantern slides include images of southeastern rivers and bayous and historical maps.  Additionally, there are a number of slides with notes and charts relating to linguistic comparisons.
relatedmaterial: label: Location of Other Archival Materials
content: The National Anthropological Archives holds more than 200 manuscripts created or collected by Swanton.

Photographs relating to Swanton's work with the Tlingit are held in National Anthropological Archives Photo Lot 24.

The anthropology collections of the National Museum of Natural History hold objects collected by Swanton, including potsherds from various sites in Southeastern United States (accessions 111748, 113252, 122679, 129788, 165802, and 062577).