Timothy O'Sullivan photographs from the "Geographical Surveys West of the 100th Meridian"
odd: label: Local Call Number(s)
content: NAA Photo Lot 167
name: label: Photographer
content: O'Sullivan, Timothy H., 1840-1882
label: Names
content: Geographical Surveys West of the 100th Meridian (U.S.)
label: Photographer
content: Bell, William, 1830-1910
label: Names
content: Wheeler, George M. (George Montague), 1842-1905
index: label: Addl. KW Subj
content: Coyotero

JIcarilla
place: label: Place
content: Colorado River
label: Place
content: Grand Canyon (Ariz.)
label: Place
content: Chelly, Canyon de (Ariz.)
creator: label: Photographer
content: O'Sullivan, Timothy H., 1840-1882
culture: label: Culture
content: Indians of North America -- Southwest, New
label: Culture
content: A:shiwi (Zuni)
label: Culture
content: Diné (Navajo)
label: Culture
content: Apache
label: Culture
content: Ute
label: Culture
content: Mojave (Mohave)
label: Culture
content: Indians of North America -- Great Basin
bioghist: label: Biographical/Historical note
content: The geographical surveys west of the 100th meridian were operated under the United States Army Corps of Engineers and supervised by First Lieutenant (later Captain) George Montague Wheeler from 1869 through 1879. They were intended to document the geography in order to make accurate maps, record locations of Native American tribes in the region, select possible sites for military installations and rail or common roads, and note resources in the area. In total, the surveys analyzed the region now covered by Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah, Colorado, Wyoming, Idaho, and Oregon, and the expeditions produced 164 maps, 41 publications, and a series of stereoviews. Timothy H. O'Sullivan began photographing geographical surveys in 1867-1869 when he was the official photographer for Clarence King's United States Geological Exploration of the 40th Parallel. He served as the official photographer for the Wheeler surveys in 1871, 1872, and 1874, with William Bell taking over in 1873. O'Sullivan later became the United States Geological Survey's first photographer in Washington, D.C.
physdesc: label: Extent
content: 33 Contact prints
label: Extent
content: 7 Enlarged prints
label: Extent
content: 8 Negatives (photographic) (collodion wet-plate)
unitdate: label: Date
content: 1871-1874
custodhist: label: Custodial History note
content: The negatives may have come to Smithsonian through the War Department shortly after the surveys were completed. The prints were probably made circa 1937 by the Bureau of American Ethnology.
dataSource: label: Archival Repository
content: National Anthropological Archives
identifier: label: Identifier
content: NAA.PhotoLot.167
objectType: label: Type
content: Collection descriptions
label: Type
content: Archival materials
label: Type
content: Contact prints
label: Type
content: Enlarged prints
label: Type
content: Negatives (photographic)
label: Type
content: Photographs
altformavail: label: Existence and Location of Copies note
content: Digital surrogates of glass negatives are available.
genre_format: label: Genre/Form
content: Photographs
scopecontent: label: Scope and Contents note
content: Stereographic photographs made on the geographical explorations and surveys west of the 100th meridian, under Lieutenant George M. Wheeler, War Department, Corps of Engineers, U.S.A. 1871-74.  The bulk of the photographs were made by Timothy H. Sullivan during the years 1871-1872 and 1874, but there are also some taken by William Bell in 1873.  The photos include images of expedition party members, camps, and transportation, as well as pueblos, (including Zuni, Navajo, Apache, Coyotero Apache, Jicarilla Apache, Ute, and Mohave), puebloan people, and scenic views in canyons of the Colorado River, Canyon de Chelly, Apache Lake, and the Cerro Blanco Mountains.
relatedmaterial: label: Location of Other Archival Materials
content: This collection has been relocated from Photo Lot 78.
label: Location of Other Archival Materials
content: Contact prints and enlargements, previously filed in MS 4498, have been relocated and merged with Photo Lot 167.
label: Location of Other Archival Materials
content: Published stereographs and associated papers relating to the surveys are held in National Anthropological Archives Photo Lot 4501.
label: Location of Other Archival Materials
content: Additional O'Sullivan and Bell photographs are held in National Anthropological Archives Photo lot 40, Photo Lot 37, Photo Lot 90-1, Photo Lot 24, and Photo Lot 97.
label: Location of Other Archival Materials
content: Some survey negatives were transferred to the National Archives, circa 1948. They are held there in Record Group 106.