Vocabularies. Washington Terr[itor]y
odd: label: Local Numbers
content: MS 227 Vocabularies of Indians of Washington Territory
name: label: Annotator
content: Mooney, James, 1861-1921
label: Collection Creator
content: Gibbs, George, 1815-1873
creator: label: Annotator
content: Mooney, James, 1861-1921
culture: label: Culture
content: Algonquin (Algonkin)
label: Culture
content: Chehalis
label: Culture
content: Chinook
label: Culture
content: Coast Salish
label: Culture
content: Coast Salish [Chilliwack]
label: Culture
content: Cowichan
label: Culture
content: Cowlitz
label: Culture
content: Cree
label: Culture
content: Denésoliné (Chipewyan)
label: Culture
content: Heiltsuk (Bella Bella)
label: Culture
content: Kalispel (Pend d'Oreilles)
label: Culture
content: Klikitat
label: Culture
content: Kootenai (Kutenai)
label: Culture
content: Lytton Nlaka'pamux (Upper Thompson River Salish)
label: Culture
content: Nisqually
label: Culture
content: Nuxalk (Bellacoola)
label: Culture
content: Okanagan
label: Culture
content: Salish (Flathead)
label: Culture
content: Shuswap
label: Culture
content: Stl'atl'imx (Lillooet)
label: Culture
content: Stó:lo (Lower Fraser River Salish)
label: Culture
content: Twana
label: Culture
content: Yakama (Yakima)
label: Culture
content: Yuki
setName: label: See more items in
content: MS 9 George Gibbs collection
label: See more items in
content: MS 9 George Gibbs collection / Vocabularies recorded by Gibbs
physdesc: label: Extent
content: 1 Notebook
unitdate: label: Date
content: 1853-1860
container: label: Container
content: Box 1, Folder 11
dataSource: label: Archival Repository
content: National Anthropological Archives
objectType: label: Type
content: Archival materials
label: Type
content: Notebooks
processinfo: label: Processing Information
content: Digitization and preparation of these materials for online access has been funded by the National Science Foundation under BCS Grant No. 1561167 and the Recovering Voices initiative at the Smithsonian's National Museum of Natural History.
scopecontent: label: Scope and Contents
content: A notebook by Gibbs containing vocabularies.  According to Gibbs' notes, some of the vocabularies were obtained from other sources, including Edward Ross, William Tolmie, Marie Charles Pandosy, and Alexander MacKenzie.  The notebook was annotated by Mooney. 

(1) "Lilowat" [Stl'atl'imx (Lillooet)], 1869.  Gibbs' note states: "The Lilowat is spoken on the river which feeds Harrison's Lake, a brnach of the Fraser River.  the vocabulary was obtained Mch [March] 16th, 1859 from the chief of a village at the mouth through Skehukl, the Soomass [Sumass], and may be relied on as tolerably accurate."

(2) "Saamena" (2 vocabularies), 1858 and undated.  (1) Vocabulary of the "Saamena or as is is called by the Canadians 'Couteau' was obtained at Fort Hope, Mch.[March] 24, 1868 from Kwee-tah-lich-kan, son of Pa-hāa-luk, the Chief of the Kletch-áh-meh-h village at Forks of Fraser & Thomson's Rivers."  Also includes names for varieties of salmon in Sumass and Saamena.  (2) Vocabulary obtained from "Te-o-sa-luk, a Saamena of the Chiloweyuck [Chilliwack] river.

(3) "Yukeh" [Yuki], undated.  Vocabulary obtained from Edward Ross.

(4) "Tai-eet" [Tait], 1858.  Gibbs' note states: "The following vocabulary of the Tai-eet was obtained at Fort Hope, Sept. 25, 1850 from two men and a woman. It is the dialect intervening between the Kwantlen and the Saamena on Fraser River." 

(5) "Nevada or Yuba" [Yupu?], undated.  Vocabulary obtained from Edward Ross.

(6) "Chilowhéhuk [Chilliwack], undated.  Gibbs' note states that the vocabulary was "not completed as it does not differ sufficiently from the Kwantlen & neighboring dialects in Fraser River to make it an object."

(7) "Hailt-zuk or Belbella" [Heiltsuk (Bella Bella)], 1859. Gibbs' note states that the vocabulary was: "obtained at Victoria, April 26, 1859, from 'Capt. Stewart' an Indian of the tribe through the medium of Frederic Minni, a Canadian, who partially spoke the language. It is generally reliable."

(8) "Bel-le-whil-la or Bel'hoo-la" [Nuxalk (Bellacoola)], 1859. Gibbs' note states: "The vocabulary of the Belhoola was obtained from a woman of that tribe with the assistance of the Indian Stewart through the means of the Belbella vocabulary. With the exception of a very few words, my rendering of the latter [Heiltsuk (Bella Bella)] was perfectly intelligible to her. The principal difficulty experienced in this was the excessively gutteral pronounciation of the language. I have classed this without hesitation among the Flathead languages from its obvious analogies. Some words, identical with those of the Belbella are marked with an asterisk. These are probably borrowed the one from the other, or perhaps were given by the woman from having mixed with the Belbellas."  Also includes words copied from: Mackenzie, Alexander. Voyages from Montreal, on the River St. Laurence, through the Continent of North America, to the Frozen and Pacific Oceans[...] London: R. Noble, 1801. 465.

(9-10) "Okina'kane (O-Kin-ah-kehn) [Okanagan] & Similkameen," 1853 and 1859.  Gibbs' note states: "The incomplete vocabulary of the Okinakane was obtained in 1853. That of the Similkameen in 1859 and the latter is to be retained in place of the first as much more reliable. Given by "Sam" the guide employed by the N.W.B.S. [North West Boundary Survey]."  A note by Mooney indicates that these are two dialects of the same language.

(11) "Additional forms in Yakama [Pshwanwapam [Yakama (Yakima)]," undated.  Obtained from Charles Marie Pandosy.

(12) "Piskwowse or Winatsha," obtained 1853; revised 1860. Gibbs note states: "Revised at Ft. Colville, March 1860, by the assistance of Lahome's daughter. I have not however confidence in its being entirely correct. There may have been a difference in dialect between her and the first interpreter." 

(13) "Spokane [Spokan]," 1854. Vocabulary obtained from Spokane Gerry. 

(14) "Klikatat," 1854.  Gibbs' note states:  "I am not certain that this is unmixed with the Yakama, as it resembles more closely two vocabularies of that dialect which I obtained then I have been led to expect. It was received from Ya-ho-tow-it."  Also a partial copy of William Tolmie's vocabulary.

(15) "Kalispem" [Kalispel (Pend d'Oreilles)], 1860.  Gibbs' note states that the vocabulary was "obtained from a man at Coleville Depot, Jany. [January] 1860.  It is spoken by the Indians of Clarke's Fork of the Columbia River."

(16) "Shoos-whap or She-whap-much" [Shuswap], 1860. Gibbs' note states that the vocabulary was "obtained at Colville Depot, Jany. [January], 1860 from a woman by the assistance of the man from which the foregoing of the Kalispelm was derived, and using that in interpreting."

(17-19) "Chepewyan" [Denésoliné (Chipewyan)], "Knistinaux" [Cree], and "Algonquin" [Algonquin (Algonkin)].  All extracted from:  Mackenzie, Alexander. Voyages from Montreal, on the River St. Laurence, through the Continent of North America, to the Frozen and Pacific Oceans[...] London: R. Noble, 1801.

(20) "Kootenay" [Kootenai (Kutenai)], undated.  

(21) "Pend. & Flat."[Kalispel (Pend d'Oreilles)] and [Salish (Flathead)], undated.

(22) "Similkameen," undated.

(23) "Nooksaak" [Nooksack], June 1859.

(24) "Soomass" [Sumas], undated.

(25) "Simiahmoo," undated. 

(26) "Saamena," undated. 

(27) "Skagit" [Skagit-Nisqually], undated.

(28) "Simiahmoo," undated. 

(29) "Chiloweyuck" [Chilliwack], undated. 

(30) "Nisqually," October 1858.

(31) Terms for salmon in Chehalis, Chinook, and Cowlitz, undated.

(32) "Toanhooch" [Twana], undated.

(33-36) "Chimakum" [Chemakum], "Kwillehyuts," "Kwinaiutl" [Quinault], and "Noo-so-lupsh" -- all not filled in; English only.