Perú: Pachamama
odd: label: Introduction
content: Crisscrossed with paths connecting communities across geography and history, Peru boasts a stunning vertical landscape that integrates a diversity of ecosystems and cultures. Peru is one of the world's most biodiverse nations, containing ninety microclimates across extreme variances of altitude. The coastal, rain-forested, and mountainous environments provide abundant resources, including major exports such as fish, copper, and asparagus. Many culturally and historically significant areas are popular tourist destinations that encompass complex layered histories.

The uniqueness of Peru's diversity lies in the connectedness of its landscape in the form of rivers, roads, and pathways that existed long before the Inka Empire (fifteenth–sixteenth centuries) and Spanish colonization (sixteenth–nineteenth centuries). Across its different altitudes and climates, communities exchange commodities and practices, shaping deeply rooted but constantly changing daily customs and celebrations. The influx and movement of people between and beyond borders also influence and transform these exchanges.

The 2015 Peru program featured projects, organizations, and groups whose cultural expressions highlight these social, cultural, and economic exchanges. It demonstrated how the networks of celebration and community, crops and markets, textile and craft production, foodways and technology, and music and dance forge the diverse cultural heritage of the country.

Visitors to the Peru Festival program could experience these unique connections through cooking and craft demonstrations, music and dance performances, moderated discussions, ritual and celebratory processions, and other participatory activities. In addition, there was a robust involvement with Peruvian American and diaspora communities. The public had the opportunity to learn, to eat, to dance, to shop, to witness these vibrantly connected cultures, and to create their own connections with Peruvian artists and specialists on the National Mall and beyond.

Olivia Cadaval and Cristina Díaz-Carrera were Curators for the Smithsonian; Rafael Varón Gabai was Curator and Consultant to MINCETUR. Valentina Pilonieta-Vera was Program Coordinator; Alexia Fawcett was Community Engagement Manager, and Betty Belanus was Family Activities Curator. A Curatorial Advisory Committee included: Madeleine Burns, Marjorie Hunt, Mary Linn, Luis Guillermo Lumbreras, Giancarlo Marcone, Soledad Mujica, Diana N'Diaye, Luis Repetto, Marcela Ríos, Daniel Sheehy, Jorge Ortiz Sotelo, Milagritos Saldarriaga, Francisco Tumi, and Madeleine Zúñiga. A Community Advisory Group included: Catherine Cabel Chicas, Nelly Carrión, Billy Castillo, Kristy Chavez-Fernandez, Fabiana Chiu-Rinaldi, María del Carmen Cossu, Miguel García, Elmer Huerta, Vicky Leyva, Doris Loayza, Ana Noriega, Elena Tscherny, and Ricardo Villanueva.

The program was co-presented and co-sponsored by the Republic of Peru Ministry of Foreign Trade and Tourism (MINCETUR). Additional support was provided by the staff of the Smithsonian's National Museum of the American Indian, directed by Kevin Gover (Pawnee), coordinated by Amy Van Allen; Washington Dulles international Airport and the Smithsonian's National Museum of African American History and Culture. The program received federal support from the Latino Initiatives Pool, administered by the Smithsonian Latino Center. Special media support is provided by Telemundo Washington DC, BrightYoungThings.com, Latin Opinion Baltimore Newspaper, Orange Barrel Media, WAMU 88.5, El Tiempo Latino, Washington Hispanic, Washington Blade, El Tiempo Hìspano (MD-DE-PA), CTM Media Group, El Zol 107.9, Digital Conventions, and Greater Washington Hispanic Chamber of Commerce. Support for the Smithsonian Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage's welcoming ceremony was provided, in part, by Avocados From Peru and Pisco Portón (in-kind).
label: Researchers, coordinators, and presenters
content: Michelle Banks, Victor Boluarte, Nilda Callañaupa, Nadia Calmet, Violet Cavicchi, Xóchitl Chávez, Rodrigo Chocano Paredes, Fabiana Chiu-Rinaldi, Eduardo Díaz, Alfredo DiNatale, James Early, Mariá Regina Firmino-Castillo, Alexandro Hernández, Ingrid Huamaní, Rosa María La Madrid, Javier León, Doris Loayza, Raúl Mancilla Mantilla, Ana Noriega, Federico Serapio Ollero Delgado, Renzo Ortega, Víctor Piminchumo, Marco Arturo Ramírez Colombier, Ana Maria Reyes Albarracin, Deisi Rivadeneira, María Angélica Rodríguez Ibañez, Silvia Salgado, Emily Socolov, Naomi Sturm, Leonardo Tello, Jaime Urrutia, Roger Valencia, Cynthia Vidaurri, Fredi Villagarcia Aquise, Alfredo Villar, Holly Wissler, Ranald Woodaman
label: Participants
content: URBAN MUSIC AND DANCE

Pedro Tolomeo "MONKY" Rojas Meza, 1961-, artist, painter, Lima, Peru

Elliot "Túpac" Urcuhuaranga Cárdenas, 1978-, artist, muralist, Lima, Peru

Brus Mauricio Rubio Churay, 1983-, artist, Loreto, Peru

Los Wembler's de Iquitos  -- Los Wembler's de IquitosElmer Alberto Sánchez Casanova, 1952-, guitarist, Iquitos, Loreto, PeruBonar Jair Sánchez León, 1969-, guitarist, Iquitos, Loreto, PeruRonald Jair Sánchez Casanova, 1949-, vocalist, Iquitos, Loreto, PeruRoger Montalván Rodríguez, 1952-, vocalist, Iquitos, Loreto, PeruCarlos Antonio Vázquez Yaicate, 1962-, conga, bongo, guiro player, vocalist, Iquitos, Loreto, PeruGelner Misael Sánchez Casanova, 1956-, timbales player, Iquitos, Loreto, PeruCalixto Alvarado Santillán, 1953-, drummer, musician, Iquitos, Loreto, PeruDanger Runer Sánchez Alvarado, 1971-, guitarist, Iquitos, Loreto, Peru

Q'ESWACHAKA BRIDGE

Basilio Puma Janampa, 1972-, Huinchiri community president, engineer, Canas, Cusco, Peru

Victoriano Arizapana Huayhua, 1963-, Huinchiri engineer, Canas, Cusco, Peru

Eleuterio Ccallo Tapia, 1959-, Huinchiri engineer, Canas, Cusco, Peru

Alejandrina Huillca Puma, 1973-, Huinchiri rope braider, Canas, Cusco, Peru

Cayetano Ccañahuire Puma, 1952-, Huinchiri Pacco ritual master, Canas, Cusco, Peru

Benecio Vilca Vilca, 1962-, Huinchiri builder, Canas, Cusco, Peru

Beltrán Eustaquio Huillca Janampa, 1969-, Choccayhua town mayor, Canas, Cusco, Peru

Jesús Huamani Zosa, 1972-, Chaupibanda builder, Canas, Cusco, Peru

Alejandrino Ponciano Mamani Armuto, 1970-, Chaupibanda builder, Canas, Cusco, Peru

Alejandrina Ayma de Mamani, 1958-, Ccollana Quehue rope braider, Canas, Cusco, Peru

Paulo Cesar Oroche Taype, 1972-, Ccollana Quehue engineer, Canas, Cusco, Peru

Tiburcio Flores Quispe, 1970-, Ccollana Quehue builder, Canas, Cusco, Peru

MARINERA DANCE

Carlos Alfredo DiNatale Hernández, 1977-, dancer, choreographer, Surquillo, Lima, Peru

Giancarlo Julio Bozzo Cumpa, 1979-, dancer, Pasadena, California

Sonia Porras Roca, dancer

Ronald Manuel Fernández de la Rosa, 1964-, dancer, Moche, Trujillo, Peru

María Isabel "Sissy" Soria Muratta, 1972-, dancer, Peru

Giuliana del Rocio Sánchez Dávila, 1980-, dancer, Peru

Lucy de Mantilla, composer, vocalist

Guillermo Javier Martínez Vargas, 1985-, vocalist, percussionist, guitarist, Huanchaco, Trujillo, Peru

Marcelino Santiago "Coco" Linares Zegarra, 1955-, lead guitarist, Peru

Julie Anna Freundt Lopez, 1965-, lead vocalist, Surquillo, Lima, Peru

Eda Benilde Arroyo Peche, 1963-, filigree artisan, Lima, Peru

Manuela Jacquelina Ayasta Caicedo, 1964-, embroiderer, Monsefú, Lambayeque, Peru

Margarita Mechán Lluen, 1960-, belt weaver, Monsefú, Lambayeque, Peru

Margarita Guzmán de Gonzales, 1951-, hat weaver, cook, Monsefú, Lambayeque, Peru

RADIO UCAMARA

Leonardo Tello Imaina, 1975-, director, Peru

María Nieves Nashnato Upari, 1953-, Ikuari School instructor, Nauta, Loreto, Peru

José Manuel Huaymacari Tamani, 1947-, Ikuari School instructor, Nauta, Loreto, Peru

Danna Gaviota Tello Morey, 2000-, Ikuari School student, Nauta, Loreto, Peru

FIESTA DE LA VIRGEN DEL CARMEN

Víctor Germán Boluarte Medina, 1965-, Contradanza captain, Cusco, Peru

Mario Palomino Coll Cárdenas, 1949-, musician, Urubamba, Cusco, Peru

Ricardo Vargas Luna, 1973-, musician, Cusco, Peru

José Eduardo Venero Noriega, 1964-, musician, Cusco, Peru

Silverio Soto Qquehuarucho, 1968-, musician, Cusco, Peru

John Karin Del Solar Torres, 1963-, dancer, Cusco, Peru

Yuri Anibal Boluarte Medina, 1968-, dancer, Cusco, Peru

Camilo Ernesto Félix Villasante, 1976-, dancer, Cusco, Peru

Yvan Pablo Zamalloa Cornejo, 1970-, dancer, Cusco, Peru

Héctor Villasante Vega, 1982-, dancer, Cusco, Peru

Hans Eleazar Del Solar Peña, 1981-, dancer, Cusco, Peru

Socrates Bernable Villasante, 1963-, dancer, Cusco, Peru

Erick Aparicio Ramos, 1982-, dancer, Cusco, Peru

Jorge Bouroncle Villasante, 1960-, dancer, Cusco, Peru

Reinaldo Ever Rojas Corrales, 1954-, dancer, Cusco, Peru

Juan Abel Salazar Gutiérrez, 1983-, dancer, Cusco, Peru

Eliot Alcibiades Zamalloa Cornejo, 1965-, dancer, Cusco, Peru

Fabricio Yabar Morales, 1977-, dancer, Cusco, Peru

DANZA SARAWJA

Genoveva Silveria Coaila Catacora, 1951-, dancer, vocalist, Moquegua, Mariscal Nieto, Peru

Ricardina Maria Catacora Quispe, 1952-, dancer, vocalist, Moquegua, Mariscal Nieto, Peru

Marina Elena Catacora Quispe, 1955-, dancer, vocalist, Moquegua, Mariscal Nieto, Peru

Julia Dora Catacora Quispe, 1961-, dancer, vocalist, Moquegua, Mariscal Nieto, Peru

Rafael Manuel Sosa Alvarado, 1949-, dancer, charango musician, Moquegua, Mariscal Nieto, Peru

Placido Arturo Rospigliosi Zeballos, 1959-, dancer, charango musician, Moquegua, Mariscal Nieto, Peru

CABALLITOS DE TOTORA RAFTS

Ángel Antenor Piminchumo Domínguez, 1960-, artisan, fisherman, Huanchaco, La Libertad, Peru

Eduardo Mateo Valderrama Piminchumo, 1994-, artisan, fisherman, Trujillo, La Libertad, Peru

Anatalia Alejandrina Gonzalez Gutierrez, 1956-, artisan, cook, Huanchaco, La Libertad, Peru

Eloisa Margarita Piminchumo Domínguez, 1959-, artisan, cook, Huanchaco, La Libertad, Peru

CUSCO TEXTILES

Timoteo Ccarita Sacaca, 1955-, weaver, Cusco, Peru

Damian Huaman Mojonero, 1967-, weaver, cook, Cusco, Peru

Rosa Bernadeth Pumayalli Quispe, 1988-, weaver, cook, Cusco, Peru

Leandra Gutiérrez Sallo, 1983-, weaver, cook, Cusco, Peru

Delia Sallo Huaman, 1967-, weaver, cook, Cusco, Peru

Ángel Ligorio Callañaupa Alvares, 1952-, weaver, painter, Cusco, Peru

Quintina Huanca Quispe, 1959-, weaver, singer, Cusco, Peru

Epifania Choque Quispe, 1967-, weaver, farmer, Cusco, Peru

CRAFTS AND MUSIC: HUANCAYO AND AYACUCHO

Huancayo Artisans

Katya Milagros Canto Lazo, gourd carver, Cochas Grande Tambo, Huancayo, Peru

Blanca Violeta Canto Lazo, 1988-, gourd carver, Cochas Grande Tambo, Huancayo, Peru

Ayacucho Artisans

Alfonso Sulca Chávez, 1944-, weaver, Ayacucho, Peru

Jang Ludmir Araujo Ayala, 1978-, tin craftsperson, Huamango, Ayacucho, Peru

Germán Nilo Prado Mayorga, 1949-, mask maker, Peru

Alfredo López Morales, 1958-, retablo artisan, Ayacucho, Peru

Mamerto Sánchez Cárdenas, 1942-, ceramicist, Peru

Deniss Sánchez Aparicio, 1981-, ceramicist, Lima, Peru

Trío de la Estudiantina Municipal de Ayacucho

Felicitas Inés Ascarza de Cuba, 1950-, singer, Ayacucho, Peru

Estanislao Medina Ramos, 1955-, musician, Ayacucho, Peru

Pedro Cconislla Bellido, 1940-, musician, Ayacucho, Peru

AFRO-PERUVIAN MUSIC AND DANCE

Félix Roberto Arguedas Caycho, 1948-, composer, guitarist, Lima, Peru

José Antonio Ballumbrosio Guadalupe, 1976-, dancer, violinist, France

Nadia Ysabel Calmet Calmet, 1982-, choreographer, dancer, Santiago de Surco, Lima, Peru

Miguel Ángel Ballumbrosio Guadalupe, 1975-, dancer, percussionist, Dampmart, France

Wladimir Félix Coronado Enríquez, 1991-, dancer, percussionist, Chincha, Ica, Peru

Ronald Augusto Yllesca Chávez, 1986-, dancer, percussionist, Chincha, Ica, Peru

María Catalina Robles Izquierdo, 1968-, dancer, percussionist, Lima, Peru

Rosario Sonia Goyoneche Narciso, 1966-, vocalist, Lima, Peru

LA CHACRA: QUINOA FARMING

Renee Gutiérrez Quispe, 1984-, farmer, artisan, musician, Peru

Ana María Ccahuin Berrocal, 1984-, farmer, cook, artisan, singer, Ayacucho, Peru

Ives Sandra Gálvez Huamán, 1987-, farmer, cook, artisan, singer, Ayacucho, Peru

John Sayas Coras, 1983-, farmer, artisan, Ayacucho, Peru

WACHIPERI COMMUNITIES

Victorio Dariquebe Gerewa, 1962-, community leader, Pilcopata, Cusco, Peru

Odette Marlid Ramos Dumas, 1991-, artisan, cook, Pilcopata, Cusco, Peru

Nely Margot Ninantay Yonaje, 1986-, scholar, Pilcopata, Cusco, Peru

Marisabel Dumas Ramos, 1984-, trilingual interpreter, healer, Pilcopata, Cusco, Peru

Sofía Solisonquehua Untamay, 1980-, healer, Pilcopata, Cusco, Peru

Sergio Pacheco Hambeo, 1967-, healer, Pilcopata, Cusco, Peru

COMMUNITY DAY PARTICIPANTS & GROUPS

Marianella Dayan Villavicencio (Dayan Aldana), Centreville, Virginia

María Luisa Alvarado

Billy Castillo, Rockville, Maryland

Aymar Ccopacatty, 1979-, recycled art, West Kingston, Rhode Island

Kristy Chavez-Fernandez, 1980-, DJ, McLean, Virginia

Celia Coleto

Martin Correa

Miguel García, foodways, Woodbridge, Virginia

Elmer Huerta, foodways

Adela Hinostroza, 1974-, Reisterstown, Maryland

Vicky Leyva

Milagros López Loli

Wilde Moran, 1958-, Centreville, Virginia

Leandro Reyes

Brenda Salas

Víctor Ruíz, dancer

Arturo Uchima, foodways, Washington, D.C.

José Victorio, foodways, Baltimore, Maryland

Martín Zuñiga

100 Cajoneros

Abya Yala Arte y Cultura  -- Abya Yala Arte y CulturaMilagros AlbrechtCarlos AnayaPatricia AranibarMillery BeltranSteve CotaquispeRosa Manozzi-BustamanteTracy MerinoElva NavarroBen Rosen, 1968-, New York, New YorkLuis Vargas

Grupo Etnia  -- Grupo EtniaFernando Cabrejo, 1961-, Germantown, MarylandCarlos HurtadoLuis Enrique LevanoMariela MarineroOscar QuispeWalter Suarez

Inkarayku  -- InkaraykuElva Ambia Rebatta, Brooklyn, New YorkCarlose Moises AmbiaElva Ambia Jimenez, Brooklyn, New YorkErico Benavente, 1973-, Pelham, New YorkAndres Jimenez, Rego Park, New YorkAdam Negrin, 1983-, Dix Hills, New YorkBen Rosen, 1968-, New York, New York

New Inca Son  -- New Inca SonOmar ClavijoRene QuisbertWalter RojasMarianne Ruggiero

Cabanaconde City Colca – USA

Centro Cultural Peru

Papalca

Rancho San Miguel de Aquia

Sentimiento Peruano
name: label: Collection Creator
content: Smithsonian Institution. Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage
setName: label: See more items in
content: Smithsonian Folklife Festival records: 2015 Smithsonian Folklife Festival
dataSource: label: Archival Repository
content: Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections
identifier: label: Identifier
content: CFCH.SFF.2015, Series 2
objectType: label: Type
content: Archival materials