Marvin E. Mundel Industrial Engineering Collection
name: label: Creator
content: Mundel, Marvin Everett, 1916-1996 (industrial engineer)
label: Names
content: A.O. Smith Company
label: Names
content: Aji-no-moto Corporation
label: Names
content: Albert Trostel and Sons
label: Names
content: Aluminum Goods Manufacturing Comp
label: Names
content: American Colortype Company
label: Names
content: American Institute of Industrial Engineers
label: Names
content: Asian Productivity organization
label: Names
content: Barbar and Coleman
label: Names
content: Bridgestone
label: Names
content: Briggs & Stratton Corporation
label: Names
content: Buffalo China Company
label: Names
content: Cindahy Brothers Company
label: Names
content: College of Technology Birmingham, England
label: Names
content: E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Company
label: Names
content: Gardner Board and Carton Company
label: Names
content: Hamilton Manufacturing Company
label: Names
content: Herbst Shoe Manufacturing Company
label: Names
content: Japan Productivity Center
label: Names
content: Japanese Management Association
label: Names
content: Kanaki Gear Plant
label: Names
content: Kanebo Spinning Co.
label: Names
content: Kawasake Dockyard
label: Names
content: Lockheed Shipbuilding and Construction Comp
label: Names
content: Milwaukee Dental Research Group
label: Names
content: Milwaukee Gas Company
label: Names
content: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd.
label: Names
content: Nihon Denso
label: Names
content: Nippon Electric Company
label: Names
content: Nippon Kokan Tsurumi
label: Names
content: Pillsbury Mills
label: Names
content: Purdue University
label: Names
content: S.C. Johnson and Son
label: Names
content: Society for the Advancement of Management
label: Names
content: Stephan A. Young Company
label: Names
content: Sumitomo
label: Names
content: Walgreen's
label: Names
content: Western Printing and Lithography Corp
label: Names
content: Westover Engineers
label: Names
content: Yanmar Diesel Engine Company
label: Names
content: Deming, Edwards
label: Names
content: Gambrell, C.B.
place: label: Place
content: United States Navy Long Beach Naval Shipyard
label: Place
content: United States Rock Island Arsenal
topic: label: Topic
content: Hospitals -- Materials management
label: Topic
content: Food processing plants
label: Topic
content: Industrial productivity -- measurements
label: Topic
content: Industrial films
label: Topic
content: Government consultants -- Asia -- Japan
label: Topic
content: Government productivity -- Japan
label: Topic
content: Machine shops
label: Topic
content: Slaughtering and slaughter-houses
label: Topic
content: Machinery industry
label: Topic
content: Punched card systems -- Machinery
label: Topic
content: Steel founding
label: Topic
content: Steel industry and trade
label: Topic
content: Plant layout
label: Topic
content: Diesel motor industry
label: Topic
content: Meat -- Packing
label: Topic
content: Shipbuilding industry
label: Topic
content: Meat inspection
label: Topic
content: Meat industry and trade
label: Topic
content: Pharmaceutical industry
label: Topic
content: Materials handling
label: Topic
content: Poultry -- Inspection
label: Topic
content: Dental offices
label: Topic
content: Box making
label: Topic
content: Greeting cards industry
label: Topic
content: United States Department of Agriculture
label: Topic
content: Refuse collection
label: Topic
content: Poultry industry
label: Topic
content: Shoe industry
label: Topic
content: Dental instruments and apparatus
label: Topic
content: Methods engineering
label: Topic
content: Industrial engineering -- 1930-2000
label: Topic
content: Chronophotography
label: Topic
content: Drafting table
label: Topic
content: Organizational effectiveness
label: Topic
content: Industrial management
label: Topic
content: Work measurement
label: Topic
content: Motion study
acqinfo: label: Provenance
content: This collection was donated to the Archives Center at the National Museum of American History by Marvin Mundel's wife, Takako Mundel, in January, 1999.
creator: label: Creator
content: Mundel, Marvin Everett, 1916-1996 (industrial engineer)
setName: label: See more items in
content: Marvin E. Mundel Industrial Engineering Collection
abstract: label: Summary
content: The Marvin E. Mundel Industrial Engineering Collection contains correspondence, reports, data, notes, publications, books, charts, certificates, awards, writings, photographs, films and videos that document the life and career of Marvin Mundel, a well-known expert in the field of work management and productivity enhancement.
bioghist: label: Biographical / Historical
content: Marvin Everett Mundel, born April 20, 1916, was a major figure in the fields of industrial engineering and time and motion studies. He is known particularly for his consulting work, seminars and teaching, as well as numerous publications based on his expertise in work management and productivity enhancement. He began his engineering career in 1936 with a B.S. in Mechanical Engineering from New York University (1936), followed by an M.S. and Ph.D. in Industrial Engineering earned in 1938 and 1939, respectively, from the State University of Iowa.


In the late 1930s and 1940s, work measurement studies were considered the state-of-the-art method for improving industrial production. Mundel continued and built upon the achievements of pioneers Frank and Lillian Gilbreth during his teaching career at both Bradley and Purdue Universities. He also conducted seminars at Marquette University Management Center and the University of Wisconsin's Extension Center in Milwaukee. In addition to his American teaching career, Mundel was a visiting professor at both the University of Birmingham in England and Keio University in Tokyo, Japan.


In 1952, Mundel started a consulting firm which aided corporations and governments in either work measurement consulting or, later in his career, industrial engineering consulting. His first clients were United States government agencies that wanted to gain control over lost revenue or manpower. His position from 1952 to 1953 at the Rock Island Arsenal in Illinois, as the first Director of the Army Management Engineering Training Program, transformed management techniques in the Army.


After his employment at Rock Island, Mundel began a series of consultant roles with corporations eager to standardize labor practices and make production more efficient. From 1953 to 1963, Mundel conducted time and motion studies at various manufacturing companies and developed techniques to measure work units. His most important contribution to the field of time and motion study was the development of memomotion, a stop-action filming technique used to determine time standards for work tasks.


Following his refinements of time and motion study, Mundel took his expertise to Japan where he offered his consultant services to various Japanese manufacturing firms during the 1960s. His interests evolved from time and motion studies to include work management and overall management organization consulting. During the 1960s and 1970s, Mundel also returned to government consulting in the United States with these new techniques, in offices such as the Bureau of the Budget and United States Department of Agriculture. This period marked an important evolution in Mundel's career, from time and motion study to work measurement and then to industrial consulting. Mundel was among the first consultants to export American management techniques to Japan, and, in his later career, to other Asian countries. He became an integral part of the Asian Productivity Organization, a group that helped developing Asian countries learn how to increase productivity. His seminars sought to provide corporations and governments with efficient management techniques so that Asia would become a strong economic center. Mundel was sensitive to cultural differences as well as varied methods of management and standards of productivity.


Mundel won the Gilbreth Award in 1982. He continued conducting seminars and writing books and articles well into the 1980s, until failing health prevented him from traveling. When Mundel died in 1996, he was well respected in the field of industrial engineering for his many contributions.
physdesc: label: Extent
content: 15 Cubic feet (36 boxes)
label: Extent
content: 75 Motion picture films
phystech: label: Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements
content: Gloves must be worn when handling unprotected photographs and negatives. Researchers must use reference copies of audio-visual materials. When no reference copy exists, the Archives Center staff will produce reference copies on an "as needed" basis, as resources allow.
unitdate: label: Date
content: 1937-1996
dataSource: label: Archival Repository
content: Archives Center, National Museum of American History
identifier: label: Identifier
content: NMAH.AC.0676
objectType: label: Type
content: Collection descriptions
label: Type
content: Archival materials
label: Type
content: Motion picture films
label: Type
content: Photographs
label: Type
content: Field notes
label: Type
content: Motion photographs
label: Type
content: Diagrams
label: Type
content: Loop films
label: Type
content: Motion pictures (visual works)
label: Type
content: Transparencies
label: Type
content: Correspondence
label: Type
content: Charts
arrangement: label: Arrangement
content: This collection is divided into eleven series. 

Series 1, Biographical Materials, 1953-1996

Series 2, Writings, 1937-1994

Subseries 1, Books, 1942-1994    

Subseries 2, Papers, 1959-1989, undated    

Subseries 3, Publications, 1937-1993, undated    

Subseries 4, Speeches, undated    

Subseries 5, University of Iowa Studies, 1938-1940

Series 3, Industrial Engineering, 1954-1995

Series 4, Work Methods, undated

Series 5, Purdue University, 1951-1957

Series 6, Time and Motion Study, 1952-1984

Subseries 1, Consulting Work, 1954-1966   

Subseries 2, Correspondence, 1956-1960    

Subseries 3, Course Work, undated    

Subseries 4, Equipment, undated    

Subseries 5, Film, 1952-1984    

Subseries 6, Memberships-Industrial Management Society, 1970-1977   

Subseries 7, Research, 1957

Series 7, Government Work, 1952-1971

Subseries 1, General, 1955-1967, undated

Subseries 2, Rock Island Arsenal, 1952-1958

Subseries 3, Consulting, 1959-1971

Subseries 4, Seminars, 1963-1969

Series 8, Japanese Consulting, 1959-1987

Subseries 1, Consulting, 1961-1980

Subseries 2, Correspondence, 1959-1980

Subseries 3, Keio University, 1960-1961

Subseries 4, Memberships, 1959-1987

Subseries 5, Notes, undated

Subseries 6, Photographs, undated

Subseries 7, Scrapbooks, 1960-1965

Subseries 8, Seminars, 1959-1967

Series 9, Asian Productivity Organization, 1973-1994

Subseries 1, Annual Reports, 1973-1994

Subseries 2, Books, 1985-1989

Subseries 3, General, 1976-1995, undated

Subseries 4, Seminars, 1973-1989

Subseries 5, Presentation Album of Jakarta Seminar, 1973

Series 10, DuPont Case Study, 1978-1984

Series 11, Films and Videos, circa 1939-1973

Subseries 1, Rating Films, circa 1939-1973

Subseries 2, Memomotion Films, circa 1948-1959

Subseries 3, Multi-Image Loops, circa 1956-1958

Subseries 4, Instructional Films, circa 1939-1962

Subseries 5, Travel Films, circa 1955-1958

Subseries 6, Papers, undated
processinfo: label: Processing Information
content: Processed by Tina Glengary (intern) 1999; supervised by Alison Oswald, archivist.
genre_format: label: Genre/Form
content: Photographs -- 20th century
label: Genre/Form
content: Field notes
label: Genre/Form
content: Motion photographs
label: Genre/Form
content: Diagrams
label: Genre/Form
content: Loop films
label: Genre/Form
content: Motion pictures (visual works)
label: Genre/Form
content: Transparencies
label: Genre/Form
content: Correspondence -- 1930-1950
label: Genre/Form
content: Charts
scopecontent: label: Scope and Contents
content: The Marvin E. Mundel Industrial Engineering Collection contains correspondence, reports, data, notes, publications, books, charts, certificates, awards, writings, photographs, films and videos that document the life and career of Marvin Mundel and demonstrate his work practices and teaching techniques.

The collection is organized chronologically into eleven series: Biographical Materials, Writings, Industrial Engineering, Work Methods, Purdue University, Time and Motion Study, Government Work, Japanese Consulting, Asian Productivity Organization, Dupont Case Study, and Films and Videos. While the years in each series may overlap, the separation of series demonstrates the evolution of Mundel's work and teachings. Photographs can be found throughout the collection. Information about the film and video series is located in Appendix A.

Series 1, Biographical Materials, 1953-1996, consists of documentation about Mundel and his career. The series contains bibliographies and curriculum vitae, correspondence, documentation on his memberships in Industrial Engineering groups, photographs, and certificates.

Series 2, Writings, 1937-1994, brings together Mundel's papers, speeches, books, and publications. When possible, the writings are arranged chronologically. The remaining writings are arranged by topic. This series should not be considered a definitive bibliography of Mundel's writings.

Series 3, Industrial Engineering, 1954-1995, combines Mundel's research with correspondence to and from other Industrial Engineers. It also includes Mundel's contributions to the Encyclopedia Britannica on "Industrial Engineering," "Work Measurement," and "Memomotion."

Series 4, Work Methods, undated, contains documents such as forms, office procedure manuals, visual aids, and printed matter about office equipment that offer insight into Mundel's work methods and innovative methods of making his own office more efficient.

Series 5, Purdue University, 1951-1957, documents his teaching career at the Industrial Engineering Department as well correspondence from his trip to England where he taught classes on industrial engineering.

Series 6, Time and Motion Study, 1952-1984, includes notes, data, printed matter, correspondence, charts, and photographs from his consultant work for various companies. This series contains seven subseries: Subseries 1, Consulting Work, 1954-1966; Subseries 2, Correspondence, 1956-1960; Subseries 3, Course work, undated; Subseries 4, Equipment, undated; Subseries 5, Film, 1952-1984; Subseries 6, Memberships, 1970-1977; and Subseries 7, Research, 1957.

Subseries 1, Consulting work, 1954-1966, contains correspondence and data from the corporations that hired Mundel as a consultant. Subseries 2, Correspondence, 1956-1960, the contains letters to and from people with diverse interests in time and motion study. Many people wrote to Mundel asking for advice with projects. Visual aids and handouts make up Subseries 3, Course work. In order to create memomotion, Mundel needed to refine certain electrical and motor parts on the cameras and projectors with which he worked. Subseries 4, Equipment, undated, have brochures on many different kinds of motors and switches. Subseries 5, Film, 1952-1984, contains most of the documentation that relates directly to films and video cassettes in this collection. Mundel was active in many organizations related to industrial engineering that shared his interests in time and motion study. Finally, copies and clippings make up the research subseries, 1957.

Series 7, Government Work, 1952-1971, documents Mundel's work for the government, from his work at Rock Island Arsenal to seminars for NASA. This series contains correspondence, data, reports, course work, visual aids, and photographs. The consulting work is arranged in a chronological manner and, in some instances, alphabetically.

Series 8, Japanese Consulting, 1959-1987, documents Mundel's consulting work for Japanese corporations. The files are arranged alphabetically by company and contain research, data, charts, notes, reports, and correspondence about each manufacturing firm. His notebooks and trip files give insight into his cultural understanding of Japanese firms and his teaching practices. Of special interest are the notebooks that contain photographs and firsthand experiences of adapting to Japanese culture and understanding Japanese work practices.

Series 9, Asian Productivity Organization, 1973-1994, consists of year and country files of Mundel's seminars throughout the Far East. The course work, notes, visual aids, reports, and photographs demonstrate Mundel's shift in emphasis from work measurement to managerial organization. This series also contains books published by the Asian Productivity Organization (APO) that give a context to Mundel's work and writings.

Series 10, Dupont Case Study, 1978-1984, contains correspondence, data, notes, reports, research, and visual aids concerning one of the many American companies where Mundel consulted. Dupont was selected because of its prominence in the American business world.

Series 11, Films and Videos, circa 1939-1973, is comprised of 16mm films and 1⁄2" VHS videocassette tapes. The bulk of the series is 16mm films. The films relate to the documents in Series 6: Time and Motion Studies. There are six subseries: Rating Films, 1939-1973; Memomotion Films, circa 1948-1959; Multi-Image Loops, circa, 1956-1958; Instructional Films, circa 1939-1962; Travel Films, circa 1955-1958 and Papers, undated.

Films are labeled either OF, RF, OV, or RV, for Original Film, Reference Film, Original Video, and Reference Video, respectively. [Example: For "676.24 OF Roll Edge on Sheet Metal Disc, circa 1960 (REF. FILM 676.24 and REF. VIDEO 676.70)," 676 is the collection number; 24 is the item number; OF means original film; "Roll Edge on Sheet Metal Disc" is the title; 1960 is the date followed by any reference copies. In this case there are both a reference film and a reference video. The Archives Center will eventually have reference copies for all of the films. for researchers to view.

Subseries 1, Rating Films, circa 1939-1973, represents Mundel's work with rating or pace films. This technique films a worker doing a repetitive work unit and allows trained motion study analysts to establish time standards. These films show a wide variety of jobs held by both men and women, American workers and Japanese workers. There are three groups of films:

Demonstration Rating Films: These films have the same format as titles with 10 scenes of workers doing a work unit at different paces. The films are arranged according to Mundel's numerical system and retain the original titles. These films should be projected at 1000 frames per minute.

Poultry Rating Films: These are rating films that Mundel did for the USDA and the Consumer Protection Programs.

Miscellaneous Films: These are Mundel's rating films for Tung Sol, ASF, Woods Veterans Hospital, and Montfort. There is also a rating film taken by an English company.

Subseries 2, Memomotion Films, circa 1948-1959, includes memomotion examples that were incorporated into instructional films. Memomotion is a filming technique created by Mundel. Time and motion analysts film a non-repetitive or extended crew activity at one frame per second and then project the film at normal speed. In this manner, the analyst can record a longer work period at a fraction of the cost and be able to analyze the film much more quickly. Memomotion is often used in conjunction with work flow diagrams.

Subseries 3, Multi-Image Loops, circa 1956-1958, combines seven of Mundel's multi-image loops onto one film core. The films display twelve images of rating films at the same time. The worker in each image is working at a different pace (fastest in the top left-hand corner and the slowest in the bottom right-hand corner). Time and motion study analysts could watch the loops for as long as they needed to get an idea of what the range of paces for a certain job could be. The loops were disassembled and spliced together for preservation and viewing purposes.

Subseries 4, Instructional Films, circa 1939-1962, includes Mundel's attempts to educate others about his filming techniques and overall industrial engineering themes. The films teach ways to improve productivity through motion studies, how to make memomotion films, and the College of Technology, Birmingham, England's method of making microscope slides.

Subseries 5, Travel Films, circa 1955-1958, includes films that combine Mundel's love for travel and different cultures with film documentation of Japanese seminars.

Subseries 6, Papers, undated, contains papers directly related to the films. Of importance are the rating sheets which associate different percentages of efficiency to the paces in the film.