Brownie Wise Papers
name: label: Donor
content: Wise, Brownie Humphrey, 1913-1991
label: Names
content: Stanley Home Products
label: Names
content: Tupperware Home Parties
label: Names
content: Vivian Woodward Cosmetics
label: Former owner
content: Kahn-Leavitt, Laurie
label: Donor
content: McCort, James W.
label: Donor
content: Wise, Jerome Humphrey "Jerry", 1938-2008
topic: label: Topic
content: Direct selling
label: Topic
content: Women in marketing
label: Topic
content: Sales promotion
label: Topic
content: Product demonstrations
label: Topic
content: Plastics
acqinfo: label: Provenance
content: The collection was donated to the Archives Center, National Museum of American History in March 1994 by Brownie Wise's son, Jerry Wise, of Kissimmee, Florida.
creator: label: Donor
content: Wise, Brownie Humphrey, 1913-1991
setName: label: See more items in
content: Brownie Wise Papers
abstract: label: Summary
content: The papers consist of business records documenting the history of Tupperware from 1951-1958, during which Brownie Wise served as vice president of the Tupperware Company. Also, personal papers and business records documenting her marketing activities for Stanley Home Products, Vivian Woodard Cosmetics, and others.
accruals: label: Accruals
content: Six (6) phonograph records relating to Brownie Wise were donated by James W. McCort in 2016. 

.085 cubic feet of material documenting Brownie Wise and Jerry Wise wewre donated by Laurie Kahn in 2021.
bioghist: label: Biographical Note
content: Brownie Humphrey was born in Buford, Georgia in 1913, the daughter of Rosabelle Stroud Humphrey and Jerome Humphrey, a plumber.   According to longtime friend Kay Robinson, Brownie knew that there were few business opportunities for women in the South, and that "unless she wanted to work in sales, she would have to leave the South."  After meeting Robert Wise at the Texas Centennial in 1936, where the couple saw an exhibition highlighting a bright future at Ford Motors, Brownie and Robert married and moved to the Detroit area where he worked as a machinist, later opening a small machine shop. The couple divorced in 1941, about three years after the birth of their only child, Jerry. Brownie Wise never remarried.

During the late 1930s and early 1940s, Brownie contributed to a correspondence column of the Detroit News under the pen name "Hibiscus."  Her columns were largely autobiographical, but used elements of fantasy and romance to address a uniquely female urban community.  In  Detroit, Wise worked briefly at an ad agency and in a millinery shop.  During World War II, Wise got a job as an executive secretary at Bendix.  After the war, Brownie and her mother, Rose Stroud Humphrey, began selling Stanley Home Products.  When Jerry became ill in 1949, they followed a doctor's advice and moved to Miami where they began a direct selling business they called Patio Parties. Through this  business, the mother daughter team distributed Poly-T (Tupperware), Stanley Home Products, West Bend, and other household goods through an innovative home party plan adopted by Brownie.  

Thomas Damigella in Massachusetts, and Brownie Wise in South Florida, quickly became among the fastest movers of Tupperware products, attracting the attention of Earl Tupper, who was still searching for a profitable outlet for his plastic containers.  Because Americans were still skeptical of plastics and because the Tupper seal required demonstration, early attempts at department store sales had been unsuccessful.  Some independent dealers had more success selling through demonstrations at state fairs or door-to-door, but sales and distribution remained low.  The experiences of Damigella and Wise convinced Tupper to offer the products on a home party plan.  He partnered with Norman Squires, the originator of Hostess Home Parties, to pursue this strategy. 

In 1951, Tupper recruited Brownie to develop the Hostess party plan for Tupperware, and named her vice president of the company.   She is credited with developing the party plan and sales organization, and with creating the annual Jubilee, a pep-rally and awards ceremony for dealers and distributors; it was her idea to locate company headquarters in Kissimmee, and she oversaw the design and construction of the campus.  With the company's meteoric success came national recognition. Her public role was all the greater because Earl Tupper shunned all public exposure; Wise was the public head of the company throughout the 1950s.  She was both honored guest and invited speaker at national sales and marketing conferences, where she was often the only woman in attendance.  Scores of laudatory articles about her appeared in the sales industry and general business press, and she became the darling of the women's magazines, including features in McCalls, Charm and Companion.

Tupper and Wise clashed over the management and direction of the business in late 1957 and the board of directors forced her out in January, 1958.  She filed a $1,600,000 suit against the company for conspiracy and breach of contract, but settled out of court for a year's salary -- about $30,000.  Shortly thereafter, Tupper sold the company to Dart/Rexall and relinquished all involvement with it. 

Beginning in 1958 and through the 1960s, Brownie co-founded three direct sales cosmetics companies, Cinderella (1958-59), Carissa (1963) and Sovera/Trivera (1966-69).  She also was president of Viviane Woodard Cosmetics (1960-62), and consulted for Artex and others.  In addition, she undertook a real estate development venture in Kissimmee with Charles McBurney and George Reynolds (both former Tupperware executives).  She seems never to have achieved the same level of success in these later business ventures. Wise continued to live in the Kissimmee area, moving from Waters' Edge, the spectacular 1920s mansion she occupied during the Tupperware years, to a home George Reynolds designed for her in.  She was active in her church and as an artist, working in clay and textiles.  During the last eight years of her life she was in declining health. She died in December 1992.
physdesc: label: Extent
content: 15 Cubic feet (42 boxes, 33 sound recordings)
unitdate: label: Date
content: circa 1928-1968
dataSource: label: Archival Repository
content: Archives Center, National Museum of American History
identifier: label: Identifier
content: NMAH.AC.0509
objectType: label: Type
content: Collection descriptions
label: Type
content: Archival materials
label: Type
content: Personal papers
label: Type
content: Business records
label: Type
content: Speeches
label: Type
content: Audiovisual materials
label: Type
content: Photographs
arrangement: label: Arrangement
content: The collection is arranged into eight series.

Series 1: Personal Papers, circa 1928-1968

Series 2: Stanley Home Products, Patio Parties, circa 1947-1959

Series 3: Tupperware Home Parties, circa 1951-1959

Series 4: Direct Sales consulting, circa 1958-1969

Series 5: Other Direct Sales Consulting, circa 1958-1971

Series 6: Other Business ventures, circa 1958-1967

Series 7: Photographs, 1930-1968

Series 8: Audiovisual Materials, 1953-1957; 1977
processinfo: label: Processing Information
content: Processed by Mimi Minnick, July 1995. 

Series 9: 2021 Addenda was processed by Kamina Gager, intern, 2024; supervised by Alison Oswald, archivist.
genre_format: label: Genre/Form
content: Personal papers -- 20th century
label: Genre/Form
content: Business records -- 20th century
label: Genre/Form
content: Speeches
label: Genre/Form
content: Audiovisual materials
label: Genre/Form
content: Photographs -- 20th century
scopecontent: label: Scope and Contents
content: The Brownie Wise Papers constitute an essential complement to the Earl Tupper Papers, acquired in 1992, and to the museums rich collections of Tupperware products.  Together these collections document not only the founding and early business history of Tupperware, but also significant areas of American history in which the museum has a demonstrated interest.  The Brownie Wise Papers illuminate aspects of an American consumer culture which achieved its apex in the post-World War II years;  in many ways, Tupperware and the Tupperware party reflect the key defining elements of the fifties. Of special significance is the story these papers tell of a successful woman business executive and working mother, in an era whose women have more often been characterized by June Cleaver and Harriet Nelson. The Tupperware story offers rich insights into the society and culture of the era, illuminating issues of gender, consumerism, and technological development. 

There are approximately 15 cubic feet of materials, including photographic and audiovisual materials. The collection is organized into eight series.