Wurlitzer Company Records
name: label: Creator
content: Rudolph Wurlitzer Company
label: Names
content: All-American Mohawk Company
label: Names
content: Apollo Piano Company
label: Names
content: Beach-Carlisle Violin Company
label: Names
content: Caldwell Piano Company
label: Names
content: Central Discount Company
label: Names
content: Dayton Photo Products Company
label: Names
content: DeKalb Piano Company
label: Names
content: Dekleist Musical Instruments Company
label: Names
content: Deutsch Wurlitzer
label: Names
content: Eagle Radio Company
label: Names
content: Everett Piano Company
label: Names
content: Fox Theatres Corporation
label: Names
content: Lyric Piano Company
label: Names
content: Milner Music Company
label: Names
content: Morsatti, Inc.
label: Names
content: North Tonawanda Barrel Organ Company
label: Names
content: Robert L. Loud Music Company
label: Names
content: Rudolph Wurlitzer Company
label: Names
content: Southern Ohio Radio Corporation
label: Names
content: Western Industries Corporation
label: Names
content: Wunderlich Piano Company
label: Names
content: Wurlbild Corporation
label: Names
content: Wurlitzer Acceptance Corporation
label: Names
content: Wurlitzer Company
label: Names
content: Wurlitzer Company of California
label: Names
content: Wurlitzer Grand Piano Company
label: Names
content: Youngstown Music Company
label: Names
content: Rolfing, R.C.
label: Names
content: Wurlitzer, Farny
label: Names
content: Wurlitzer, Rembert
label: Names
content: Wurlitzer, Rudolph
place: label: Place
content: DeKalb (Ill.)
label: Place
content: North Tonawanda (N.Y.)
label: Place
content: Corinth (Miss.)
label: Place
content: Cincinnati (Ohio)
topic: label: Topic
content: Violin -- Manufacture
label: Topic
content: Radio -- Receivers and reception
label: Topic
content: Coin-operated machines
label: Topic
content: Accordion
label: Topic
content: Jukeboxes -- Manufacture
label: Topic
content: Harp -- Manufacture
label: Topic
content: Piano -- History
label: Topic
content: Player organ
label: Topic
content: Accordion -- Manufacture
label: Topic
content: Piano makers
label: Topic
content: Organ -- Manufacture
label: Topic
content: Organ -- History
label: Topic
content: Wurlitzer organ
label: Topic
content: Musical instrument makers
label: Topic
content: Mechanical organs
label: Topic
content: Mechanical musical instruments
label: Topic
content: Musical instruments
acqinfo: label: Provenance
content: Collection donated by Northern Illinois University, and Regional History Center, 1994, November 11.
creator: label: Creator
content: Rudolph Wurlitzer Company
setName: label: See more items in
content: Wurlitzer Company Records
abstract: label: Summary
content: The collection documents the history and development of the Wurlitzer Company and consists of company publications, business records, employee files, manufacturing records, sales and marketing records, product information, publicity, advertising, photographs, audiovisual materials, and organ installation drawings.
accruals: label: Accruals
content: Additional materials donated by Baldwin Piano and Organ Company, November 1997.
bioghist: label: Historical Note
content: The Wurlitzer Company began in 1856 when Rudolph Wurlitzer, a Cincinnati bank clerk, sold seven hundred dollars worth of musical instruments he had bought from family and friends in Germany.  The busi¬ness was incorporated in Ohio in 1890 under the name the Ru¬dolph Wurlitzer Company."  For the first fifty years, Wurlitzer was primarily a retail instrument business operating out of its Cincinnati Store headquarters.  Although fire destroyed the com¬pany's headquarters in 1904, a new building was completed in time to celebrate Wurlitzer's fiftieth anniversary in 1906.

In 1908, the Wurlitzer Company bought the DeKleist Musical In¬strument Manufacturing Company in North Tonawanda, New York. The Rudolph Wurlitzer Manufacturing Company continued produc¬tion of automatic musical instruments including player pianos, military bands and pianorchestras.  In 1910, the Wurlitzer Company bought the Hope-Jones Organ Company and began to manufacture unit-or¬chestra pipe organs at their North Tonawanda plant.  These were pipe organs equipped with bells, gongs, horns and sirens.  They became known as Mighty Wurlitzers and provided the musical back¬ground in silent movie houses all over the world and were also built for churches and private homes.  In 1919, Wurlitzer bought the Melville-Clark Piano Company of DeKalb, Illinois.  Wurlitzer pianos were then manufactured at the DeKalb facilities under a variety of names: the Apollo Piano Company, the DeKalb Piano Company and the Wurlitzer Grand Piano Company.  Each name des¬ignated a different quality, price range and style.

With the decline of sales during the 1920s and 1930s, pro¬duction of automatic musical instruments ceased until the manu¬facture of the first jukebox in 1934. In 1930, the Julius Bauer Piano Company was purchased and continued to build pianos in that name until shortly before World War II. For a brief time, radios and refrigerators were made by the Wurlitzer controlled Air-Amer¬ican Mohawk Corporation. It was not a successful venture and ended in the mid-1930s. Many of the Wurlitzer retail stores were, at that time, in bad locations and needed repairs.  The solutions to these problems came about with a reorganization of the company in 1935.  With the reorganization, many retail stores were sold, piano manufacturing was consolidated in DeKalb and many subsidiaries were dissolved or absorbed completely into the Wurlitzer Company.

During World War II, Wurlitzer halted production of musical in¬struments. The company's defense production efforts were rec¬ognized in 1943 and 1944 when it is North Tonawanda and DeKalb plants received the Army-Navy "E" Award.  In 1946, peacetime production resumed and the Wurlitzer Company introduced two new instruments: the electric organ in 1947 and the electric piano in 1954. In 1956, the Wurlitzer Company celebrated its centennial.  That same year a new plant at Corinth, Mississippi, was completed. Later, plants were opened in Holly Springs, Mississippi (1961), Logan, Utah (1970) and Hullhorst, West Germany, (1960).  The new facilities replaced those at North Tonawanda and DeKalb.  The North Tonawanda plant ceased production of jukeboxes in 1974, becoming the company's engineering and research center.  In 1973, the DeKalb plant ended production of pianos maintaining only mar¬keting and administrative offices. In 1977, the Wurlitzer Com¬pany's corporate headquarters moved to DeKalb, including the en¬gineering and research center from North Tonawanda.

Wurlitzer's three sons had assumed leadership of the company after his death in 1914.  Each son acted as president then, chair of the board, successively.  The company hired R.C. Rolfing in 1934 as vice-president and general manager.  His re¬organization helped the company through the Depression years. Rolfing succeeded the last of the founder's sons in 1941 as pres¬ident of the company and in 1966 as chair of the board.  Farny Wurlitzer, Rudolph's youngest son, died in 1972.  A.D. Arsem succeeded Rolfing in 1974 as chair of the board. George B. Howell succeeded W. N. Herleman as president of the company.
physdesc: label: Extent
content: 56 Cubic feet
unitdate: label: Date
content: 1860-1984
dataSource: label: Archival Repository
content: Archives Center, National Museum of American History
identifier: label: Identifier
content: NMAH.AC.0469
objectType: label: Type
content: Collection descriptions
label: Type
content: Archival materials
label: Type
content: Minute books
label: Type
content: Account books
label: Type
content: Financial records
label: Type
content: Stock records
label: Type
content: Reports
label: Type
content: Advertisements
label: Type
content: Sales records
label: Type
content: Audits
label: Type
content: Cashbooks
label: Type
content: Ledgers (account books)
label: Type
content: Annual reports
label: Type
content: Photographs
label: Type
content: Journals (accounts)
label: Type
content: Price lists
label: Type
content: Trade catalogs
label: Type
content: Publications
label: Type
content: Employee records
label: Type
content: Marketing records
label: Type
content: Commercial catalogs
arrangement: label: Arrangement
content: The Collection is arranged into fourteen series.

Series 1: Wurlitzer Company Histories, Company Events, and General Business Materials, circa 1880-1987; undated 

Series 2: Publications, 1910-1989; undated

Series 3: Advertising and Promotional Materials, 1911-1978


Series 4: Product Information, 1860-1984; undated


Series 5: Photographs of Wurlitzer Manufacturing Plants, Employees, Stores, and Dealerships, 1869-1970; undated

Series 6: Photographs of Wurlitzer Products and Product Sales Promotions, 1900-1978; undated

Series 7, Photographs Used in Wurlitzer Advertising and Public Relations, 1904-1970; undated


Series 8: Wurlitzer Employee Records and Related Materials, 1909-1961; undated


Series 9: Production and Shipping Records, 1905-1987

Series 10: Shipping and Sales Records for Wurlitzer Dealerships, Wurlitzer Retail Stores, and Rembert Wurlitzer, Incorporated, 1917-1952


Series 11, Records of Stock Certificates, Meeting Minutes, and Related Financial and Legal Documents, 1907-1972

Series 12, Rudolph Wurlitzer Company Financial Records, 1893-1986

Series 13, Maps and Charts, 1931-1976

Series 14, Organ Installation Drawings, 1920-1931; undated
processinfo: label: Processing Information
content: Collection processed by Craig Orr, 1994
genre_format: label: Genre/Form
content: Minute books
label: Genre/Form
content: Account books
label: Genre/Form
content: Financial records
label: Genre/Form
content: Stock records
label: Genre/Form
content: Reports
label: Genre/Form
content: Advertisements
label: Genre/Form
content: Sales records
label: Genre/Form
content: Audits
label: Genre/Form
content: Cashbooks
label: Genre/Form
content: Ledgers (account books)
label: Genre/Form
content: Annual reports
label: Genre/Form
content: Photographs -- 19th century
label: Genre/Form
content: Journals (accounts)
label: Genre/Form
content: Price lists
label: Genre/Form
content: Trade catalogs
label: Genre/Form
content: Publications
label: Genre/Form
content: Employee records
label: Genre/Form
content: Marketing records
label: Genre/Form
content: Commercial catalogs
scopecontent: label: Scope and Contents
content: The collection documents the history and the development of the Wurlitzer Company.  Materials include company publications, business records, employee files, manufacturing records, sales and marketing records, product information, publicity, advertising, photographs, audiovisual materials, and organ installation drawings. The material in the collection spans from 1856-1986, although information prior to 1899 is sparse.
relatedmaterial: label: Related Materials
content: Materials in the Archives Center 

Steinway & Sons Records and Family Papers, 1857-1919 (AC0178)

Chickering & Sons Piano Company Collection, 1864-1985 (AC0264)

Sohmer & Company Records, 1872-1989 (AC0349)

William J. Lenz Piano Tuning Collection, circa 1903-1955 (AC0511)

Janssen Piano Company Records, 1901-1929 (AC0512)

John R. Anderson Piano Trade Literature and Ephemera Collection, circa 1850-1990 (AC1257)

Warshaw Collection of Business America's Piano and Organ related materials (AC0060)