Dr. Bruno Z. Kisch Papers
name: label: Creator
content: Kisch, Bruno Z., 1890-1966
label: Former owner
content: National Museum of American History (U.S.). Division of Science, Medicine, and Society
topic: label: Topic
content: Cardiology
label: Topic
content: Medicine -- Research
label: Topic
content: Microscopy
label: Topic
content: Medical sciences
label: Topic
content: Electron microscopy
label: Topic
content: Physicians
acqinfo: label: Provenance
content: The collection was donated by Dr. Bruno Kisch's wife, Prof. Ruth Kisch, of Brooklyn, New York, in 1971.
creator: label: Creator
content: Kisch, Bruno Z., 1890-1966
setName: label: See more items in
content: Dr. Bruno Z. Kisch Papers
abstract: label: Summary
content: This collection consists of materials from the professional life of Dr. Bruno Z. Kisch.
bioghist: label: Biographical/Historical note
content: Dr. Bruno Zacharias Kisch (1890-1966) was born in Prague, Czechoslovakia in 1890.  He received his medical degree in 1913 at the Charles University of Prague and served in the Austrian army during World War I as a physician from 1914-1918.  With the rise of Nazism, Kisch relocated to the United States in 1938 with his wife, Ruth, and their two children, Charlotte Rebecca and Arnold Emanuel.  A colleague called him "one of the princely gifts that fell to America because of Adolph Hitler".  In 1943, Kisch became a United States citizen.  

Amongst his peers Kisch was credited as a "Da Vinci in a modern age" due to his wide range of interests.  He was a founding member of the American College of Cardiology in 1949, and completed the first president's term upon his death in 1951.  Kisch was elected as president in his own right at the end of the term and held the office of president from 1951-1953.  From 1939 until 1966 Kisch had his own medical practice in New York City and was a researcher and consultant in cardiology.  Kisch's major contribution to the field of cardiology was his experimentation with electron microscopes.  He was the first scientist to use electron microscopes to perform cardiac research on warm-blooded animals.  The microscope allowed researchers to study heart fibers more closely by magnifying cells by 30,000.  Discoveries Kisch made through this research furthered the field of cardiology and led to the formation of the Electron Microscopic Institute in 1953.  

The professorships he held at multiple schools, including Yeshiva University, in New York City, and Yale University, reflect his wide range of knowledge from physiology to the philosophy and history of science as does his consultation to the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. on "the study of scales, weights, and measures", and his position as curator to the Edward Clark Streeter Collection of Weights and Measures at Yale University.  Kisch's other interests can be found in the articles he wrote and the publications for which he served as founder/editor: "The Jewish Refugee and America"; "History of the Jewish Pharmacy (Judenapothek) in Prague"; "Scales and Weights – A Historical Outline"; "Shekel Metals and False Shekels"; Cardiologia; the Journal of Experimental Medicine and Surgery; and the Transactions of the American College of Cardiology.  Dr. Bruno Z. Kisch passed away while visiting Germany in 1966. The Electron Microscopic Institute was dedicated in his memory in 1967.
physdesc: label: Extent
content: 3.5 Cubic feet (11 boxes)
unitdate: label: Date
content: 1904-1968.
custodhist: label: Ownership and Custodial History
content: Collection transferred from the Division of Medicine and Science to the Archives Center, in 2003.
dataSource: label: Archival Repository
content: Archives Center, National Museum of American History
identifier: label: Identifier
content: NMAH.AC.0835
objectType: label: Type
content: Collection descriptions
label: Type
content: Archival materials
label: Type
content: Photographs
label: Type
content: Laboratory notebooks
label: Type
content: Electron micrographs
label: Type
content: Correspondence
label: Type
content: Technical literature
label: Type
content: Reprints
label: Type
content: Photomicrographs
arrangement: label: Arrangement
content: Divided into 5 series: 

Series 1, Personal materials

Series 2, Correspondence

Series 3, Notebooks

Series 4, Photographs, Micrographs and Negatives 

Series 5, Publications
processinfo: label: Processing Information
content: Processed by Helen Wirka, intern, 2005.
genre_format: label: Genre/Form
content: Photographs -- Black-and-white negatives -- Glass -- 1890-1920
label: Genre/Form
content: Laboratory notebooks
label: Genre/Form
content: Electron micrographs
label: Genre/Form
content: Correspondence -- 20th century
label: Genre/Form
content: Technical literature
label: Genre/Form
content: Reprints
label: Genre/Form
content: Photomicrographs
scopecontent: label: Scope and Contents note
content: Contains correspondence, most relating to Kisch's service as President of the American College of Cardiology; photomicrographs, of animal tissue specimens; writings and notes; notebooks on Dr. Kisch's experimentation and research, including many electrocardiograms; and printed material, such as medical journals containing articles by Dr. Kisch, and reprints of articles by Dr. Kisch.

The materials are useful to those with an interest in the American College of Cardiology during the 1950s, or those who have the ability to read and understand cardiological printouts.  

Electrocardiograph: An instrument which records electrical currents produced by the heart. 

Electrocardiography: A method of recording electrical currents traversing the heart muscle just previous to each heart beat.  The study and interpretation of electrocardiographs.   

Electrocardiogram: The graphic record of the heart's action currents obtained with the electrocardiograph. 

Electrogram: Any record on paper or film made by an electrical event. 

Tracing: Any graphic display of electrical or mechanical cardiovascular event.
relatedmaterial: label: Related Materials
content: xMaterials at the National Museum of American History

Division of Medicine and Science 

Other artifacts in the collection include sphygmomanometers, sphygmographs, stethoscopes, pacemakers, stents, and one of Claud Beck's defibrillators. The collection also has early examples of Bayer Aspirin.