It is often said that liberty comes at a price. 
 
 For Willian Barboza, it was speeding in the Village of Liberty in upstate New York that carried a hefty cost. But when Mr. Barboza expressed his frustration by sending a profanity-laced message when he mailed in the payment for his traffic ticket, the cost would grow to include his own personal liberty — at least for a few hours. 
 
 In a pique of anger, Mr. Barboza, 22, crossed out the town’s name, “Liberty,” and replaced it with one he thought more appropriate: “Tyranny.” He then added a vulgar little note that made it clear what he thought of the town. 
 
 Upon receiving the missive, Justice Brian P. Rourke informed Mr. Barboza that his payment had been rejected and that he would be ordered to appear in court in Liberty, two hours from his home in Connecticut. 
 
 At the hearing, on Oct. 18, 2012, Mr. Barboza received a lecture from the judge about using foul language, according to court documents, before being arrested, charged with “aggravated harassment” and handcuffed to a bench in the police station. 
 
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 Mr. Barboza was booked, fingerprinted and eventually released on $200 bail after four or five hours. 
 
 The charges ended up being dismissed several months later by another judge (the original judge had recused himself from the case), but for the New York Civil Liberties Union, the episode is emblematic of a broader issue: how law enforcement officials can use a state statute in ways that may violate a person’s right to free speech. ||||| September 15, 2015 — The New York Civil Liberties Union today announced a legal victory on behalf of a man who was handcuffed and arrested in Liberty, New York for protesting a speeding ticket by writing “fuck your shitty town bitches” on his ticket payment form. Last Thursday, the federal court in White Plains ruled that a prosecutor’s order to arrest the man violated the First Amendment. It also ruled that the Village of Liberty must stand trial on claims that it had failed to adequately train its police officers about the First Amendment. 
 
 “Instead of protecting freedom of speech, government officers in Liberty handcuffed me, arrested me for a crime and almost sent me to jail because I harmlessly expressed my frustration with a speeding ticket,” said Willian Barboza, who was 21 at the time of his arrest. “The people I trusted to uphold the law violated my most basic rights. I hope that by standing up for myself, other Americans will not be treated like criminals for complaining about their government with a few harmless words.” 
 
 In 2012 Barboza was pulled over for speeding in the Town of Liberty, located in Sullivan County in upstate New York. He pleaded guilty by mail, and when he paid his fine expressed his frustration by scratching out “Liberty” and replacing it with “Tyranny” and writing “fuck your shitty town bitches” on the payment form. His payment was rejected, and he was instead ordered to travel the two hours from his home to make a court appearance. At that court hearing, two police officers acting on the orders of an assistant district attorney arrested Barboza for allegedly violating the state’s former “aggravated harassment” statute. He was fingerprinted, handcuffed to a bench, and then driven to a different court in a separate town, where he was arraigned without a lawyer. He was then taken to the county jail in another town where he had to pay $200 in bail and was only released hours later. 
 
 In 2013, a judge dismissed the charges against Barboza, stating that “[n]o citation is necessary for this Court to determine that the language under the circumstances here, offensive as it is, is protected.” 
 
 The NYCLU and attorney Stephen Bergstein of Bergstein & Ullrich, LLP, lead counsel on the case, contended that the prosecutor and the police officers – sworn to uphold and enforce the law – had violated Barboza’s First Amendment rights and also contended that the Village of Liberty was liable for failing to train law enforcement to respect the First Amendment. In Thursday’s ruling in the Southern District of New York, the judge agreed that the assistant district attorney was liable for violating Barboza’s clearly established rights and also ruled that the village had to stand trial on the claim it had failed to properly train its officers. 
 
 “New Yorkers should not be afraid to protest or complain about a speeding ticket -- or any other government action -- because they might be dragged to jail for using a few harmless words,” said NYCLU Staff Attorney Mariko Hirose. “The First Amendment protects people’s right to express their opinions about the government, and our government is better for it.” 
 
 "We are delighted that the Court has ruled in Barboza's favor,” said Stephen Bergstein. “Freedom of speech protects everyone, even if they say something offensive." 
 
 The court ruled that the police officers, though likewise responsible for violating Barboza’s clearly established rights, are not liable because of the assistant district attorney’s participation in the arrest. Barboza’s attorneys, who contended that police officers who enforce the law should also be responsible for knowing it, are considering further options regarding the officers. ||||| Photo Advertisement Continue reading the main story 
 
 It began with a speeding ticket given in upstate New York to a man whose response was, to put it mildly, less than polite. He sent back a payment form with a scribbled five-word expression of vulgarity, and crossed out the town’s name. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Instead of Liberty, the man wrote “Tyranny.” 
 
 Local authorities were not amused. They ordered the man, Willian M. Barboza, to return to Town Court, a long drive from his home in Connecticut. Mr. Barboza was summarily lectured by a judge, arrested and held for several hours on charges of aggravated harassment. 
 
 In most small-town traffic cases, justice is dispensed quietly, fines are paid and unhappy drivers go on with their lives. This case did not go that way. 
 
 Mr. Barboza decided to sue the Village of Liberty, whose police officers had arrested him. Last week, a federal judge, Cathy Seibel, in White Plains, ruled that his First Amendment rights had been violated, and allowed his lawsuit to proceed. 
 
 “The whole time that I was there, it felt like an episode of ‘The Twilight Zone,’ ” he said in a phone interview on Tuesday. “I just wanted to ask if they had any sense of irony at all.” 
 
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 The Village of Liberty, it turns out, might have a problem with people who utter vulgar things that they should not. 
 
 Mr. Barboza’s lawyers argued in court papers that the village has had a practice of unconstitutionally arresting people for offensive speech: on the street, in phone messages and in the presence of police officers. 
 
 “People use language like this all the time,” said Stephen Bergstein, a lawyer who represents Mr. Barboza along with the New York Civil Liberties Union. “They send letters like this to customer service at Verizon, the I.R.S. 
 
 “When people are unhappy, they vent on forms like that,” Mr. Bergstein added. “You shouldn’t have to get arrested for it.” 
 
 Mr. Barboza’s lawyers have also claimed in court papers that the village has failed to educate its officers in “limitations on the arrests of persons engaged in protected speech,” or in how to interpret state laws on aggravated harassment or disorderly conduct, the basis for other cases that the lawsuit calls into question. 
 
 “At trial, we’d hope to show that the village is liable for failing to train their officers on basic First Amendment rights,” said Mariko Hirose, a staff lawyer with the civil liberties union. “This kind of false arrest should never have happened.” 
 
 Adam L. Rodd, a lawyer for the village, declined to comment on Tuesday, citing a village policy of not discussing pending litigation. 
 
 In their papers, Mr. Barboza’s lawyers cite cases in which people were charged under the disorderly conduct law after expressing obscenities and other crude language. One highly intoxicated woman repeatedly yelled an expletive “on a crowded street after being warned several times by a uniformed Liberty police officer not to,” one charging document said. 
 
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 Another person, using profanity-laced language in a motel parking lot, called an officer a “pig” and continued to use “abusive and obscene language after being ordered” to stop, according to another document. 
 
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 The lawyers also cited cases filed under the aggravated harassment law, which has since been invalidated as vague and over broad by the New York State Court of Appeals. 
 
 Judge Seibel, in her ruling on Thursday, which was issued from the bench, declined to find that the other cases “constitute a pattern of constitutional violations as a matter of law.” 
 
 But she added that, while the degree of threatening language in the other cases varied, “a jury could conclude that at least some of them reflect an unconstitutional basis for arrest.” That issue will ultimately be decided by a jury, she noted. 
 
 She dismissed the suit’s claims against officers involved in Mr. Barboza’s arrest. 
 
 Mr. Barboza was a 21-year-old student in May 2012 when he was stopped for speeding on Route 17. 
 
 Lawyers for the village say in a court filing that shortly after Mr. Barboza’s handwritten message on the payment form was received, it was read by a clerk and taken to a town judge, who concluded that the comments were “threatening in nature” and that Mr. Barboza’s actions may have violated the law. 
 
 The judge got in touch with Robert L. Zangla, a prosecutor in the Sullivan County district attorney’s office, and asked him to investigate. Mr. Zangla’s office concluded that the conduct was illegal, the filing says. 
 
 Lawyers for the village and Mr. Zangla, who was also sued, argued that the officers had probable cause to make the arrest and that the suit’s First Amendment claims were without merit. Mr. Zangla has been found liable in Mr. Barboza’s claim. 
 
 Samuel Yasgur, the Sullivan County attorney, whose office represents Mr. Zangla, said he had “a great deal of respect for Judge Seibel,” but added, “I obviously disagree with her decision and I’m studying it to determine whether or not we are going to appeal.”
– You'd figure a town called Liberty would be filled with advocates of free speech. But authorities in the upstate New York town weren't pleased when a 22-year-old man who had received a speeding ticket in 2012 mailed in his payment—along with the word "Tyranny" scrawled next to a crossed-out "Liberty," as well as a note that said "f--k your sh---y town b----es," the New York Daily News reports. Officials rejected Willian Barboza's payment, ordered him to travel from his Connecticut home back to Liberty for a court appearance, and arrested him on an "aggravated harassment" charge when he got there, per the New York Times. He was even fingerprinted and handcuffed to a police station bench for a few hours. Barboza sued, and last week a White Plains judge ruled that his First Amendment rights had been violated and that his lawsuit could go forward, the Times reports. In court papers, per the Times, Barboza's lawyers accused the town of having a rep for busting people who spoke out using vulgar language. "People use language like this all the time," one of Barboza's lawyers said. "They send letters like this to customer service at Verizon, the IRS." The federal court also ruled that the village has to go to trial for claims it hasn't trained officers properly to deal with First Amendment incidents. "New Yorkers should not be afraid to protest or complain about a speeding ticket—or any other government action—because they might be dragged to jail," an NYCLU attorney says in a New York Civil Liberties Union press release. "(A judge warned a UK man he could go to jail for life for swearing.)