mtybilly/Instruct2DS huggingface dataset:
Pixel-Aware Stable Diffusion for Realistic Image Super-Resolution and Personalized Stylization
Authors: Tao Yang*, Rongyuan Wu, Peiran Ren, Xuansong Xie, Lei Zhang
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Diffusion models have demonstrated impressive performance in various image generation, editing, enhancement and translation tasks. In particular, the pre-trained text-to-image stable diffusion models provide a potential solution to the challenging realistic image super-resolution (Real-ISR) and image stylization problems with their strong generative priors. However, the existing methods along this line often fail to keep faithful pixel-wise image structures. If extra skip connections between the encoder and the decoder of a VAE are used to reproduce details, additional training in image space will be required, limiting the application to tasks in latent space such as image stylization. In this work, we propose a pixel-aware stable diffusion (PASD) network to achieve robust Real-ISR and personalized image stylization. Specifically, a pixel-aware cross attention module is introduced to enable diffusion models perceiving image local structures in pixel-wise level, while a degradation removal module is used to extract degradation insensitive features to guide the diffusion process together with image high level information. An adjustable noise schedule is introduced to further improve the image restoration results. By simply replacing the base diffusion model with a stylized one, PASD can generate diverse stylized images without collecting pairwise training data, and by shifting the base model with an aesthetic one, PASD can bring old photos back to life. Extensive experiments in a variety of image enhancement and stylization tasks demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed PASD approach. Our source codes are available at https: //github.com/yangxy/PASD/."
AnyControl: Create Your Artwork with Versatile Control on Text-to-Image Generation
Authors: Yanan Sun*, Yanchen Liu, Yinhao Tang, Wenjie Pei, Kai Chen
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "The field of text-to-image (T2I) generation has made significant progress in recent years, largely driven by advancements in diffusion models. Linguistic control enables effective content creation, but struggles with fine-grained control over image generation. This challenge has been explored, to a great extent, by incorporating additional user-supplied spatial conditions, such as depth maps and edge maps, into pre-trained T2I models through extra encoding. However, multi-control image synthesis still faces several challenges. Specifically, current approaches are limited in handling free combinations of diverse input control signals, overlook the complex relationships among multiple spatial conditions, and often fail to maintain semantic alignment with provided textual prompts. This can lead to suboptimal user experiences. To address these challenges, we propose , a multi-control image synthesis framework that supports arbitrary combinations of diverse control signals. develops a novel Multi-Control Encoder that extracts a unified multi-modal embedding to guide the generation process. This approach enables a holistic understanding of user inputs, and produces high-quality, faithful results under versatile control signals, as demonstrated by extensive quantitative and qualitative evaluations. Our project page is available in https://any-control.github.io."
SEED: A Simple and Effective 3D DETR in Point Clouds
Authors: Zhe Liu, Jinghua Hou, Xiaoqing Ye, Tong Wang, Jingdong Wang, Xiang Bai*
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Recently, detection transformers (DETRs) have gradually taken a dominant position in 2D detection thanks to their elegant framework. However, DETR-based detectors for 3D point clouds are still difficult to achieve satisfactory performance. We argue that the main challenges are twofold: 1) How to obtain the appropriate object queries is challenging due to the high sparsity and uneven distribution of point clouds; 2) How to implement an effective query interaction by exploiting the rich geometric structure of point clouds is not fully explored. To this end, we propose a Simple and EffEctive 3D DETR method () for detecting 3D objects from point clouds, which involves a dual query selection (DQS) module and a deformable grid attention (DGA) module. More concretely, to obtain appropriate queries, DQS first ensures a high recall to retain a large number of queries by the predicted confidence scores and then further picks out high-quality queries according to the estimated quality scores. DGA uniformly divides each reference box into grids as the reference points and then utilizes the predicted offsets to achieve a flexible receptive field, allowing the network to focus on relevant regions and capture more informative features. Extensive ablation studies on DQS and DGA demonstrate its effectiveness. Furthermore, our achieves state-of-the-art detection performance on both the large-scale Waymo and nuScenes datasets, illustrating the superiority of our proposed method. The code is available at https://github.com/happinesslz/SEED."
AEDNet: Adaptive Embedding and Multiview-Aware Disentanglement for Point Cloud Completion
Authors: Zhiheng Fu, Longguang Wang, Lian Xu, Zhiyong Wang, Hamid Laga, Yulan Guo*, Farid Boussaid, Mohammed Bennamoun
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Point cloud completion involves inferring missing parts of 3D objects from incomplete point cloud data. It requires a model that understands the global structure of the object and reconstructs local details. To this end, we propose a global perception and local attention network, termed AEDNet, for point cloud completion. The proposed AEDNet utilizes designed adaptive point cloud embedding and disentanglement (AED) module in both the encoder and decoder to globally embed and locally disentangle the given point cloud. In the AED module, we introduce a global embedding operator that employs the devised slot attention to compose point clouds into different embeddings, each focusing on specific parts of 3D objects. Then, we proposed a multiview-aware disentanglement operator to disentangle geometric information from those embeddings in the 3D viewpoints generated on a unit sphere. These 3D viewpoints enable us to observe point clouds from the outside rather than from within, resulting in a comprehensive understanding of their geometry. Additionally, the arbitrary number of points and point-wise features can be disentangled by changing the number of viewpoints, reaching high flexibility. Experiments show that our proposed method achieves state-of-the-art results on both MVP and PCN datasets."
Synergy of Sight and Semantics: Visual Intention Understanding with CLIP
Authors: Qu Yang, Mang Ye*, Dacheng Tao
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Multi-label Intention Understanding (MIU) for images is a critical yet challenging domain, primarily due to the ambiguity of intentions leading to a resource-intensive annotation process. Current leading approaches are held back by the limited amount of labeled data. To mitigate the scarcity of annotated data, we leverage the Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) model, renowned for its wealth knowledge in textual and visual modalities. We introduce a novel framework, Intention Understanding with CLIP (IntCLIP), which utilizes a dual-branch approach. This framework exploits the ‘Sight’-oriented knowledge inherent in CLIP to augment ‘Semantic’-centric MIU tasks. Additionally, we propose Hierarchical Class Integration to effectively manage the complex layered label structure, aligning it with CLIP’s nuanced sentence feature extraction capabilities. Our Sight-assisted Aggregation further refines this model by infusing the semantic feature map with essential visual cues, thereby enhancing the intention understanding ability. Through extensive experiments conducted on the standard MIU benchmark and other subjective tasks such as Image Emotion Recognition, IntCLIP clearly demonstrates superiority over current state-of-the-art techniques. Code is available at https://github.com/yan9qu/ IntCLIP."
Intrinsic Single-Image HDR Reconstruction
Authors: Sebastian Dille*, Chris Careaga*, Yagiz Aksoy
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "The low dynamic range (LDR) of common cameras fails to capture the rich contrast in natural scenes, resulting in loss of color and details in saturated pixels. Reconstructing the high dynamic range (HDR) of luminance present in the scene from single LDR photographs is an important task with many applications in computational photography and realistic display of images. The HDR reconstruction task aims to infer the lost details using the context present in the scene, requiring neural networks to understand high-level geometric and illumination cues. This makes it challenging for data-driven algorithms to generate accurate and high-resolution results. In this work, we introduce a physically-inspired remodeling of the HDR reconstruction problem in the intrinsic domain. The intrinsic model allows us to train separate networks to extend the dynamic range in the shading domain and to recover lost color details in the albedo domain. We show that dividing the problem into two simpler sub-tasks improves performance in a wide variety of photographs."
T-MAE: Temporal Masked Autoencoders for Point Cloud Representation Learning
Authors: Weijie Wei*, Fatemeh Karimi Nejadasl, Theo Gevers, Martin R. Oswald*
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "The scarcity of annotated data in LiDAR point cloud understanding hinders effective representation learning. Consequently, scholars have been actively investigating efficacious self-supervised pre-training paradigms. Nevertheless, temporal information, which is inherent in the LiDAR point cloud sequence, is consistently disregarded. To better utilize this property, we propose an effective pre-training strategy, namely Temporal Masked Auto-Encoders (T-MAE), which takes as input temporally adjacent frames and learns temporal dependency. A SiamWCA backbone, containing a Siamese encoder and a windowed cross-attention (WCA) module, is established for the two-frame input. Considering that the movement of an ego-vehicle alters the view of the same instance, temporal modeling also serves as a robust and natural data augmentation, enhancing the comprehension of target objects. is a powerful architecture but heavily relies on annotated data. Our pre-training strategy alleviates its demand for annotated data. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate that achieves the best performance on both Waymo and ONCE datasets among competitive self-supervised approaches."
Pathology-knowledge Enhanced Multi-instance Prompt Learning for Few-shot Whole Slide Image Classification
Authors: Linhao Qu*, Dingkang Yang, Dan Huang, Qinhao Guo, rongkui luo, Shaoting Zhang, Xiaosong Wang*
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Current multi-instance learning algorithms for pathology image analysis often require a substantial number of Whole Slide Images for effective training but exhibit suboptimal performance in scenarios with limited learning data. In clinical settings, restricted access to pathology slides is inevitable due to patient privacy concerns and the prevalence of rare or emerging diseases. The emergence of the Few-shot Weakly Supervised WSI Classification accommodates the significant challenge of the limited slide data and sparse slide-level labels for diagnosis. Prompt learning based on the pre-trained models (, CLIP) appears to be a promising scheme for this setting; however, current research in this area is limited, and existing algorithms often focus solely on patch-level prompts or confine themselves to language prompts. This paper proposes a multi-instance prompt learning framework enhanced with pathology knowledge, , integrating visual and textual prior knowledge into prompts at both patch and slide levels. The training process employs a combination of static and learnable prompts, effectively guiding the activation of pre-trained models and further facilitating the diagnosis of key pathology patterns. Lightweight Messenger (self-attention) and Summary (attention-pooling) layers are introduced to model relationships between patches and slides within the same patient data. Additionally, alignment-wise contrastive losses ensure the feature-level alignment between visual and textual learnable prompts for both patches and slides. Our method demonstrates superior performance in three challenging clinical tasks, significantly outperforming comparative few-shot methods."
Towards Natural Language-Guided Drones: GeoText-1652 Benchmark with Spatial Relation Matching
Authors: Meng Chu, Zhedong Zheng*, Wei Ji, Tingyu Wang, Tat-Seng Chua
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Navigating drones through natural language commands remains challenging due to the dearth of accessible multi-modal datasets and the stringent precision requirements for aligning visual and textual data. To address this pressing need, we introduce GeoText-1652, a new natural language-guided geolocalization benchmark. This dataset is systematically constructed through an interactive human-computer process leveraging Large Language Model (LLM) driven annotation techniques in conjunction with pre-trained vision models. GeoText-1652 extends the established University-1652 image dataset with spatial-aware text annotations, thereby establishing one-to-one correspondences between image, text, and bounding box elements. We further introduce a new optimization objective to leverage fine-grained spatial associations, called blending spatial matching, for region-level spatial relation matching. Extensive experiments reveal that our approach maintains a competitive recall rate comparing other prevailing cross-modality methods. This underscores the promising potential of our approach in elevating drone control and navigation through the seamless integration of natural language commands in real-world scenarios."
BEAF: Observing BEfore-AFter Changes to Evaluate Hallucination in Vision-language Models
Authors: Moon Ye-Bin, Nam Hyeon-Woo, Wonseok Choi, Tae-Hyun Oh*
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Vision language models (VLMs) perceive the world through a combination of a visual encoder and a large language model (LLM). The visual encoder, pre-trained on large-scale vision-text datasets, provides zero-shot generalization to visual data, and the LLM endows its high reasoning ability to VLMs. It leads VLMs to achieve high performance on wide benchmarks without fine-tuning, exhibiting zero or few-shot capability. However, recent studies show that VLMs are vulnerable to hallucination. This undesirable behavior degrades reliability and credibility, thereby making users unable to fully trust the output from VLMs. To enhance trustworthiness and better tackle the hallucination of VLMs, we curate a new evaluation dataset, called the BEfore-AFter hallucination dataset (BEAF), and introduce new metrics: True Understanding (TU), IGnorance (IG), StuBbornness (SB), and InDecision (ID). Unlike prior works that focus only on constructing questions and answers, the key idea of our benchmark is to manipulate visual scene information by image editing models and to design the metrics based on scene changes. This allows us to clearly assess whether VLMs correctly understand a given scene by observing the ability to perceive changes. We also visualize image-wise object relationship by virtue of our two-axis view: vision and text. Upon evaluating VLMs with our dataset, we observed that our metrics reveal different aspects of VLM hallucination that have not been reported before. Project page: https://beafbench.github.io/"
Approaching Outside: Scaling Unsupervised 3D Object Detection from 2D Scene
Authors: Ruiyang Zhang*, Hu Zhang, Hang Yu, Zhedong Zheng*
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "The unsupervised 3D object detection is to accurately detect objects in unstructured environments with no explicit supervisory signals. This task, given sparse LiDAR point clouds, often results in compromised performance for detecting distant or small objects due to the inherent sparsity and limited spatial resolution. In this paper, we are among the early attempts to integrate LiDAR data with 2D images for unsupervised 3D detection and introduce a new method, dubbed LiDAR-2D Self-paced Learning (LiSe). We argue that RGB images serve as a valuable complement to LiDAR data, offering precise 2D localization cues, particularly when scarce LiDAR points are available for certain objects. Considering the unique characteristics of both modalities, our framework devises a self-paced learning pipeline that incorporates adaptive sampling and weak model aggregation strategies. The adaptive sampling strategy dynamically tunes the distribution of pseudo labels during training, countering the tendency of models to overfit easily detected samples, such as nearby and large-sized objects. By doing so, it ensures a balanced learning trajectory across varying object scales and distances. The weak model aggregation component consolidates the strengths of models trained under different pseudo label distributions, culminating in a robust and powerful final model. Experimental evaluations validate the efficacy of our proposed LiSe method, manifesting significant improvements of +7.1% APBEV and +3.4% AP3D on nuScenes, and +8.3% APBEV and +7.4% AP3D on Lyft compared to existing techniques."
DATENeRF: Depth-Aware Text-based Editing of NeRFs
Authors: Sara Rojas Martinez*, Julien Philip, Kai Zhang, Sai Bi, Fujun Luan, Bernard Ghanem, Kalyan Sunkavalli
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Recent diffusion models have demonstrated impressive capabilities for text-based 2D image editing. Applying similar ideas to edit a NeRF scene [?] remains challenging as editing 2D frames individually does not produce multiview-consistent results. We make the key observation that the geometry of a NeRF scene provides a way to unify these 2D edits. We leverage this geometry in depth-conditioned ControlNet [?] to improve the consistency of individual 2D image edits. Furthermore, we propose an inpainting scheme that uses the NeRF scene depth to propagate 2D edits across images while staying robust to errors and resampling issues. We demonstrate that this leads to more consistent, realistic and detailed editing results compared to previous state-of-the-art text-based NeRF editing methods."
XPSR: Cross-modal Priors for Diffusion-based Image Super-Resolution
Authors: Qu Yunpeng*, Kun Yuan, Kai Zhao, Qizhi Xie, Jinhua Hao, Ming Sun, Chao Zhou
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Diffusion-based methods, endowed with a formidable generative prior, have received increasing attention in Image Super-Resolution (ISR) recently. However, as low-resolution (LR) images often undergo severe degradation, it is challenging for ISR models to perceive the semantic and degradation information, resulting in restoration images with incorrect content or unrealistic artifacts. To address these issues, we propose a Cross-modal Priors for Super-Resolution (XPSR) framework. Within XPSR, to acquire precise and comprehensive semantic conditions for the diffusion model, cutting-edge Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are utilized. To facilitate better fusion of cross-modal priors, a Semantic-Fusion Attention is raised. To distill semantic-preserved information instead of undesired degradations, a Degradation-Free Constraint is attached between LR and its high-resolution (HR) counterpart. Quantitative and qualitative results show that XPSR is capable of generating high-fidelity and high-realism images across synthetic and real-world datasets. Codes are released at https: //github.com/qyp2000/XPSR."
ABC Easy as 123: A Blind Counter for Exemplar-Free Multi-Class Class-agnostic Counting
Authors: Michael A Hobley*, Victor Adrian Prisacariu
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Class-agnostic counting methods enumerate objects of an arbitrary class, providing tremendous utility in many fields. Prior works have limited usefulness as they require either a set of examples of the type to be counted or that the query image contains only a single type of object. A significant factor in these shortcomings is the lack of a dataset to properly address counting in settings with more than one kind of object present. To address these issues, we propose the first Multi-class, Class-Agnostic Counting dataset (MCAC) and A Blind Counter (ABC123), a method that can count multiple types of objects simultaneously without using examples of type during training or inference. ABC123 introduces a new paradigm where instead of requiring exemplars to guide the enumeration, examples are found after the counting stage to help a user understand the generated outputs. We show that ABC123 outperforms contemporary methods on MCAC without needing human in-the-loop annotations. We also show that this performance transfers to FSC-147, the standard class-agnostic counting dataset. MCAC is available at MCAC.active.vision and ABC123 is available at ABC123.active.vision"
Category Adaptation Meets Projected Distillation in Generalized Continual Category Discovery
Authors: Grzegorz Rypeść*, Daniel Marczak, Sebastian Cygert, Tomasz Trzcinski, Bartlomiej Twardowski
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Generalized Continual Category Discovery (GCCD) tackles learning from sequentially arriving, partially labeled datasets while uncovering new categories. Traditional methods depend on feature distillation to prevent forgetting the old knowledge. However, this strategy restricts the model’s ability to adapt and effectively distinguish new categories. To address this, we introduce a novel technique integrating a learnable projector with feature distillation, thus enhancing model adaptability without sacrificing past knowledge. The resulting distribution shift of the previously learned categories is mitigated with the auxiliary category adaptation network. We demonstrate that while each component offers modest benefits individually, their combination – dubbed CAMP (Category Adaptation Meets Projected distillation) – significantly improves the balance between learning new information and retaining old. CAMP exhibits superior performance across several GCCD and Class Incremental Learning scenarios. The code is available on Github."
LaRa: Efficient Large-Baseline Radiance Fields
Authors: Anpei Chen*, Haofei Xu, Stefano Esposito, Siyu Tang, Andreas Geiger
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Radiance field methods have achieved photorealistic novel view synthesis and geometry reconstruction. But they are mostly applied in per-scene optimization or small-baseline settings. While several recent works investigate feed-forward reconstruction with large baselines by utilizing transformers, they all operate with a standard global attention mechanism and hence ignore the local nature of 3D reconstruction. We propose a method that unifies local and global reasoning in transformer layers, resulting in improved quality and faster convergence. Our model represents scenes as Gaussian Volumes and combines this with an image encoder and Group Attention Layers for efficient feed-forward reconstruction. Experimental results demonstrate that our model, trained for two days on four GPUs, demonstrates high fidelity in reconstructing 360◦ radiance fields, and robustness to zero-shot and out-of-domain testing."
Bi-TTA: Bidirectional Test-Time Adapter for Remote Physiological Measurement
Authors: Haodong LI*, Hao LU, Yingcong Chen*
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) is gaining prominence for its non-invasive approach to monitoring physiological signals using only cameras. Despite its promise, the adaptability of rPPG models to new, unseen domains is hindered due to the environmental sensitivity of physiological signals. To address this issue, we pioneer the Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) in rPPG, enabling the adaptation of pre-trained models to the target domain during inference, sidestepping the need for annotations or source data due to privacy considerations. Particularly, utilizing only the user’s face video stream as the accessible target domain data, the rPPG model is adjusted by tuning on each single instance it encounters. However, 1) TTA algorithms are designed predominantly for classification tasks, ill-suited in regression tasks such as rPPG due to inadequate supervision. 2) Tuning pre-trained models in a single-instance manner introduces variability and instability, posing challenges to effectively filtering domain-relevant from domain-irrelevant features while simultaneously preserving the learned information. To overcome these challenges, we present Bi-TTA, a novel expert knowledge-based Bidirectional Test-Time Adapter framework. Specifically, leveraging two expert-knowledge priors for providing self-supervision, our Bi-TTA primarily comprises two modules: a prospective adaptation (PA) module using sharpness-aware minimization to eliminate domain-irrelevant noise, enhancing the stability and efficacy during the adaptation process, and a retrospective stabilization (RS) module to dynamically reinforce crucial learned model parameters, averting performance degradation caused by overfitting or catastrophic forgetting. To this end, we established a large-scale benchmark for rPPG tasks under TTA protocol, promoting advancements in both the rPPG and TTA fields. The experimental results demonstrate the significant superiority of our approach over the state-of-the-art (SoTA)."
MAGR: Manifold-Aligned Graph Regularization for Continual Action Quality Assessment
Authors: Kanglei Zhou, Liyuan Wang, Xingxing Zhang, Hubert P. H. Shum, Frederick W. B. Li, Jianguo Li, Xiaohui Liang*
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Action Quality Assessment (AQA) evaluates diverse skills but models struggle with non-stationary data. We propose Continual AQA (CAQA) to refine models using sparse new data. Feature replay preserves memory without storing raw inputs. However, the misalignment between static old features and the dynamically changing feature manifold causes severe catastrophic forgetting. To address this novel problem, we propose Manifold-Aligned Graph Regularization (MAGR), which first aligns deviated old features to the current feature manifold, ensuring representation consistency. It then constructs a graph jointly arranging old and new features aligned with quality scores. Experiments show MAGR outperforms recent strong baselines with up to 6.56%, 5.66%, 15.64%, and 9.05% correlation gains on the MTL-AQA, FineDiving, UNLV-Dive, and JDM-MSA split datasets, respectively. This validates MAGR for continual assessment challenges arising from non-stationary skill variations. Code is available at https://github.com/ZhouKanglei/MAGR CAQA."
Grounding Language Models for Visual Entity Recognition
Authors: Zilin Xiao*, Ming Gong, Paola Cascante-Bonilla, Xingyao Zhang, Jie Wu, Vicente Ordonez*
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "We introduce , an Autoregressive model for Visual Entity Recognition. Our model extends an autoregressive Multimodal Large Language Model by employing retrieval augmented constrained generation. It mitigates low performance on out-of-domain entities while excelling in queries that require visual reasoning. Our method learns to distinguish similar entities within a vast label space by contrastively training on hard negative pairs in parallel with a sequence-to-sequence objective without an external retriever. During inference, a list of retrieved candidate answers explicitly guides language generation by removing invalid decoding paths. The proposed method achieves significant improvements across different dataset splits in the recently proposed benchmark with accuracy on the Entity split rising from 32.7% to 61.5%. It demonstrates superior performance on the and query splits by a substantial double-digit margin, while also preserving the ability to effectively transfer to other generic visual question answering benchmarks without further training."
ELSE: Efficient Deep Neural Network Inference through Line-based Sparsity Exploration
Authors: Zeqi Zhu*, Alberto Garcia-Ortiz, Luc Waeijen, Egor Bondarev, Arash Pourtaherian, Orlando Moreira
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Brain-inspired computer architecture facilitates low-power, low-latency deep neural network inference for embedded AI applications. The hardware performance crucially hinges on the quantity of non-zero activations (i.e., events) during inference. Thus, we propose a novel event suppression method, dubbed ELSE, which enhances inference Efficiency via Line-based Sparsity Exploration. Specifically, it exploits spatial correlation between adjacent lines in activation maps to reduce network events. ELSE reduces event-triggered computations by 3.14∼6.49× for object detection and by 2.43∼5.75× for pose estimation across various network architectures compared to conventional processing. Additionally, we show that combining ELSE with other event suppression methods can either significantly enhance computation savings for spatial suppression or reduce state memory footprint by > 2× for temporal suppression. The latter alleviates the challenge of temporal execution exceeding the resource constraints of real-world embedded platforms. These results highlight ELSE’s significant event suppression ability and its capacity to deliver complementary performance enhancements for SOTA methods."
DiffusionDepth: Diffusion Denoising Approach for Monocular Depth Estimation
Authors: Yiqun Duan*, Xianda Guo*, Zheng Zhu
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Monocular depth estimation is a challenging task that predicts the pixel-wise depth from a single 2D image. Current methods typically model this problem as a regression or classification task. We propose DiffusionDepth, a new approach that reformulates monocular depth estimation as a denoising diffusion process. It learns an iterative denoising process to ‘denoise’ random depth distribution into a depth map with the guidance of monocular visual conditions. The process is performed in the latent space encoded by a dedicated depth encoder and decoder. Instead of diffusing ground truth (GT) depth, the model learns to reverse the process of diffusing the refined depth of itself into random depth distribution. This self-diffusion formulation overcomes the difficulty of applying generative models to sparse GT depth scenarios. The proposed approach benefits this task by refining depth estimation step by step, which is superior for generating accurate and highly detailed depth maps. Experimental results from both offline and online evaluations using the KITTI and NYU-Depth-V2 datasets indicate that the proposed method can achieve state-of-the-art performance in both indoor and outdoor settings while maintaining a reasonable inference time. The codes 1 are available online. 1 https://github.com/duanyiqun/DiffusionDepth"
DC-Solver: Improving Predictor-Corrector Diffusion Sampler via Dynamic Compensation
Authors: Wenliang Zhao, Haolin Wang, Jie Zhou, Jiwen Lu*
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Diffusion probabilistic models (DPMs) have shown remarkable performance in visual synthesis but are computationally expensive due to the need for multiple evaluations during the sampling. Recent predictor-corrector diffusion samplers have significantly reduced the required number of function evaluations (NFE), but inherently suffer from a misalignment issue caused by the extra corrector step, especially with a large classifier-free guidance scale (CFG). In this paper, we introduce a new fast DPM sampler called DC-Solver, which leverages dynamic compensation (DC) to mitigate the misalignment of the predictor-corrector samplers. The dynamic compensation is controlled by compensation ratios that are adaptive to the sampling steps and can be optimized on only 10 datapoints by pushing the sampling trajectory toward a ground truth trajectory. We further propose a cascade polynomial regression (CPR) which can instantly predict the compensation ratios on unseen sampling configurations. Additionally, we find that the proposed dynamic compensation can also serve as a plug-and-play module to boost the performance of predictor-only samplers. Extensive experiments on both unconditional sampling and conditional sampling demonstrate that our DC-Solver can consistently improve the sampling quality over previous methods on different DPMs with a wide range of resolutions up to 1024×1024. Notably, we achieve 10.38 FID (NFE=5) on unconditional FFHQ and 0.394 MSE (NFE=5, CFG=7.5) on Stable-Diffusion-2.1. Code is available at https: //github.com/wl-zhao/DC-Solver."
TRAM: Global Trajectory and Motion of 3D Humans from in-the-wild Videos
Authors: Yufu Wang*, Ziyun Wang, Lingjie Liu, Kostas Daniilidis
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "We propose TRAM, a two-stage method to reconstruct a human’s global trajectory and motion from in-the-wild videos. TRAM robustifies SLAM to recover the camera motion in the presence of dynamic humans and uses the scene background to derive the motion scale. Using the recovered camera as a metric-scale reference frame, we introduce a video transformer model (VIMO) to regress the kinematic body motion of a human. By composing the two motions, we achieve accurate recovery of 3D humans in the world space, reducing global motion errors by a large margin from prior work. https://yufu-wang.github. io/tram4d/"
MutDet: Mutually Optimizing Pre-training for Remote Sensing Object Detection
Authors: Ziyue Huang, Yongchao Feng, Qingjie Liu*, Yunhong Wang
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Detection pre-training methods for the DETR series detector have been extensively studied in natural scenes, e.g., DETReg. However, the detection pre-training remains unexplored in remote sensing scenes. In existing pre-training methods, alignment between object embeddings extracted from a pre-trained backbone and detector features is significant. However, due to differences in feature extraction methods, a pronounced feature discrepancy still exists and hinders the pre-training performance. The remote sensing images with complex environments and more densely distributed objects exacerbate the discrepancy. In this work, we propose a novel Mutually optimizing pre-training framework for remote sensing object Detection, dubbed as MutDet. In MutDet, we propose a systemic solution against this challenge. Firstly, we propose a mutual enhancement module, which fuses the object embeddings and detector features bidirectionally in the last encoder layer, enhancing their information interaction. Secondly, contrastive alignment loss is employed to guide this alignment process softly and simultaneously enhances detector features’ discriminativity. Finally, we design an auxiliary siamese head to mitigate the task gap arising from the introduction of enhancement module. Comprehensive experiments on various settings show new state-of-the-art transfer performance. The improvement is particularly pronounced when data quantity is limited. When using 10 % of the DIOR-R data, MutDet improves DetReg by 6.1% in AP50 . Codes and models are available at: https://github.com/floatingstarZ/MutDet."
Self-Supervised Video Copy Localization with Regional Token Representation
Authors: Minlong Lu*, Yichen Lu, Siwei Nie, Xudong Yang, Xiaobo Zhang
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "The task of video copy localization aims at finding the start and end timestamps of all copied segments within a pair of untrimmed videos. Recent approaches usually extract frame-level features and generate a frame-to-frame similarity map for the video pair. Learned detectors are used to identify distinctive patterns in the similarity map to localize the copied segments. There are two major limitations associated with these methods. First, they often rely on a single feature for each frame, which is inadequate in capturing local information for typical scenarios in video copy editing, such as picture-in-picture cases. Second, the training of the detectors requires a significant amount of human annotated data, which is highly expensive and time-consuming to acquire. In this paper, we propose a self-supervised video copy localization framework to tackle these issues. We incorporate a Regional Token into the Vision Transformer, which learns to focus on local regions within each frame using an asymmetric training procedure. A novel strategy that leverages the Transitivity Property is proposed to generate copied video pairs automatically, which facilitates the training of the detector. Extensive experiments and visualizations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, which is able to outperform the state-of-the-art without using any human annotated data."
Enhancing Perceptual Quality in Video Super-Resolution through Temporally-Consistent Detail Synthesis using Diffusion Models
Authors: Claudio Rota*, Marco Buzzelli, Joost van de Weijer
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "In this paper, we address the problem of enhancing perceptual quality in video super-resolution (VSR) using Diffusion Models (DMs) while ensuring temporal consistency among frames. We present StableVSR, a VSR method based on DMs that can significantly enhance the perceptual quality of upscaled videos by synthesizing realistic and temporally-consistent details. We introduce the Temporal Conditioning Module (TCM) into a pre-trained DM for single image super-resolution to turn it into a VSR method. TCM uses the novel Temporal Texture Guidance, which provides it with spatially-aligned and detail-rich texture information synthesized in adjacent frames. This guides the generative process of the current frame toward high-quality and temporally-consistent results. In addition, we introduce the novel Frame-wise Bidirectional Sampling strategy to encourage the use of information from past to future and vice-versa. This strategy improves the perceptual quality of the results and the temporal consistency across frames. We demonstrate the effectiveness of StableVSR in enhancing the perceptual quality of upscaled videos while achieving better temporal consistency compared to existing state-of-the-art methods for VSR. The project page is available at https://github.com/claudiom4sir/StableVSR."
RoGUENeRF: A Robust Geometry-Consistent Universal Enhancer for NeRF
Authors: Sibi Catley-Chandar*, Richard Shaw, Gregory Slabaugh, Eduardo Pérez Pellitero
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Recent advances in neural rendering have enabled highly photorealistic 3D scene reconstruction and novel view synthesis. Despite this progress, current state-of-the-art methods struggle to reconstruct high frequency detail, due to factors such as a low-frequency bias of radiance fields and inaccurate camera calibration. One approach to mitigate this issue is to enhance images post-rendering. 2D enhancers can be pre-trained to recover some detail but are agnostic to scene geometry and do not easily generalize to new distributions of image degradation. Conversely, existing 3D enhancers are able to transfer detail from nearby training images in a generalizable manner, but suffer from inaccurate camera calibration and can propagate errors from the geometry into rendered images. We propose a neural rendering enhancer, , which exploits the best of both paradigms. Our method is pre-trained to learn a general enhancer while also leveraging information from nearby training images via robust 3D alignment and geometry-aware fusion. Our approach restores high-frequency textures while maintaining geometric consistency and is also robust to inaccurate camera calibration. We show that substantially enhances the rendering quality of a wide range of neural rendering baselines, e.g. improving the PSNR of MipNeRF360 by 0.63dB and Nerfacto by 1.34dB on the real world 360v2 dataset. Project page: https://sib1.github.io/projects/roguenerf/"
Bridging the Gap: Studio-like Avatar Creation from a Monocular Phone Capture
Authors: ShahRukh Athar*, Shunsuke Saito, Stanislav Pidhorskyi, Zhengyu Yang, Chen Cao
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Creating photorealistic avatars for individuals traditionally involves extensive capture sessions with complex and expensive studio devices like the LightStage system. While recent strides in neural representations have enabled the generation of photorealistic and animatable 3D avatars from quick phone scans, they have the capture-time lighting baked-in, lack facial details and have missing regions in areas such as the back of the ears. Thus, they lag in quality compared to studio-captured avatars. In this paper, we propose a method that bridges this gap by generating studio-like illuminated texture maps from short, monocular phone captures. We do this by parameterizing the phone texture maps using the W + space of a StyleGAN2, enabling near-perfect reconstruction. Then, we finetune a StyleGAN2 by sampling in the W + parameterized space using a very small set of studio-captured textures as an adversarial training signal. To further enhance the realism and accuracy of facial details, we super-resolve the output of the StyleGAN2 using carefully designed diffusion model that is guided by image gradients of the phone-captured texture map. Once trained, our method excels at producing studio-like facial texture maps from casual monocular smartphone videos. Demonstrating its capabilities, we showcase the generation of photorealistic, uniformly lit, complete avatars from monocular phone captures."
ControlLLM: Augment Language Models with Tools by Searching on Graphs
Authors: Zhaoyang Liu, Zeqiang Lai, Zhangwei Gao, erfei cui, Ziheng Li, Xizhou Zhu, Lewei Lu, Qifeng Chen*, Yu Qiao, Jifeng Dai, Wenhai Wang*
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "We present ControlLLM, a novel framework that enables large language models (LLMs) to utilize multi-modal tools for solving complex real-world tasks. Despite the remarkable performance of LLMs, they still struggle with tool invocation due to ambiguous user prompts, inaccurate tool selection and mismatched input arguments. To overcome these challenges, our framework comprises three key components: (1) a task decomposer that breaks down a complex task into clear subtasks with well-defined inputs and outputs; (2) a Thoughts-on-Graph (ToG) paradigm that searches the optimal solution path on a pre-built tool graph, which specifies the parameter and dependency relations among different tools; and (3) an execution engine with a rich toolbox that interprets the solution path and runs the tools efficiently on different computational devices. We evaluate our framework on diverse tasks involving image, audio, and video processing, demonstrating its superior accuracy, efficiency, and versatility compared to existing methods. The code is available at https://github.com/OpenGVLab/ ControlLLM."
UniTraj: A Unified Framework for Scalable Vehicle Trajectory Prediction
Authors: Lan Feng, Mohammadhossein Bahari*, Kaouther Messaoud, Eloi Zablocki, Matthieu Cord, Alexandre Alahi
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Vehicle trajectory prediction has increasingly relied on data-driven solutions, but their ability to scale to different data domains and the impact of larger dataset sizes on their generalization remain under-explored. While these questions can be studied by employing multiple datasets, it is challenging due to several discrepancies, e.g., in data formats, map resolution, and semantic annotation types. To address these challenges, we introduce UniTraj, a comprehensive framework that unifies various datasets, models, and evaluation criteria, presenting new opportunities for the vehicle trajectory prediction field. In particular, using UniTraj, we conduct extensive experiments and find that model performance significantly drops when transferred to other datasets. However, enlarging data size and diversity can substantially improve performance, leading to a new state-of-the-art result for the nuScenes dataset. We provide insights into dataset characteristics to explain these findings. The code can be found here: https://github.com/vita-epfl/UniTraj."
DreamDissector: Learning Disentangled Text-to-3D Generation from 2D Diffusion Priors
Authors: Zizheng Yan*, Jiapeng Zhou, Fanpeng Meng, Yushuang Wu, Lingteng Qiu, Zisheng Ye, Shuguang Cui, Guanying CHEN, Xiaoguang Han*
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Text-to-3D generation has recently seen significant progress. To enhance its practicality in real-world applications, it is crucial to generate multiple independent objects with interactions, similar to layer-compositing in 2D image editing. However, existing text-to-3D methods struggle with this task, as they are designed to generate either non-independent objects or independent objects lacking spatially plausible interactions. Addressing this, we propose DreamDissector, a text-to-3D method capable of generating multiple independent objects with interactions. DreamDissector accepts a multi-object text-to-3D NeRF as input and produces independent textured meshes. To achieve this, we introduce the Neural Category Field (NeCF) for disentangling the input NeRF. Additionally, we present the Category Score Distillation Sampling (CSDS), facilitated by a Deep Concept Mining (DCM) module, to tackle the concept gap issue in diffusion models. By leveraging NeCF and CSDS, we can effectively derive sub-NeRFs from the original scene. Further refinement enhances geometry and texture. Our experimental results validate the effectiveness of DreamDissector, providing users with novel means to control 3D synthesis at the object level and potentially opening avenues for various creative applications in the future."