mtybilly/Instruct2DS huggingface dataset:
CMD: A Cross Mechanism Domain Adaptation Dataset for 3D Object Detection
Authors: Wei Ye, Hai Wu, Qiming Xia, Xun Huang, Xin Li, Jin Fang, Wei Li*, Chenglu Wen*, Cheng Wang Jinhao Deng
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Point cloud data, representing the precise 3D layout of the scene, quickly drives the research of 3D object detection. However, the challenge arises due to the rapid iteration of 3D sensors, which leads to significantly different distributions in point clouds. This, in turn, results in subpar performance of 3D cross-sensor object detection. This paper introduces a Cross Mechanism Dataset, named CMD, to support research tackling this challenge. CMD is the first domain adaptation dataset, comprehensively encompassing diverse mechanical sensors and various scenes for 3D object detection. In terms of sensors, CMD includes 32-beam LiDAR, 128-beam LiDAR, solid-state LiDAR, 4D millimeter-wave radar, and cameras, all of which are well-synchronized and calibrated. Regarding the scenes, CMD consists of 50 sequences collocated from different scenarios, ranging from campuses to highways. Furthermore, we validated the effectiveness of various domain adaptation methods in mitigating sensor-based domain differences. We also proposed a DIG method to reduce domain disparities from the perspectives of Density, Intensity, and Geometry, which effectively bridges the domain gap between different sensors. The experimental results on the CMD dataset show that our proposed DIG method outperforms the state-of-the-art techniques, demonstrating the effectiveness of our baseline method. The dataset and the corresponding code are available at https://github.com/im-djh/CMD."
Unleashing Text-to-Image Diffusion Prior for Zero-Shot Image Captioning
Authors: Jingwen Chen, Yehao Li, Yingwei Pan*, Jianlin Feng, Hongyang Chao, Ting Yao Jianjie Luo
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Recently, zero-shot image captioning has gained increasing attention, where only text data is available for training. The remarkable progress in text-to-image diffusion model presents the potential to resolve this task by employing synthetic image-caption pairs generated by this pre-trained prior. Nonetheless, the defective details in the salient regions of the synthetic images introduce semantic misalignment between the synthetic image and text, leading to compromised results. To address this challenge, we propose a novel Patch-wise Cross-modal feature Mix-up (PCM) mechanism to adaptively mitigate the unfaithful contents in a fine-grained manner during training, which can be integrated into most of encoder-decoder frameworks, introducing our PCM-Net. Specifically, for each input image, salient visual concepts in the image are first detected considering the image-text similarity in CLIP space. Next, the patch-wise visual features of the input image are selectively fused with the textual features of the salient visual concepts, leading to a mixed-up feature map with less defective content. Finally, a visual-semantic encoder is exploited to refine the derived feature map, which is further incorporated into the sentence decoder for caption generation. Additionally, to facilitate the model training with synthetic data, a novel CLIP-weighted cross-entropy loss is devised to prioritize the high-quality image-text pairs over the low-quality counterparts. Extensive experiments on MSCOCO and Flickr30k datasets demonstrate the superiority of our PCM-Net compared with state-of-the-art VLMs-based approaches. It is noteworthy that our PCM-Net ranks first in both in-domain and cross-domain zero-shot image captioning. The synthetic dataset SynthImgCap and code are available at https://jianjieluo.github. io/SynthImgCap. 2 J. Feng and T. Yao are the corresponding authors."
ClusteringSDF: Self-Organized Neural Implicit Surfaces for 3D Decomposition
Authors: Chuanxia Zheng, Qianyi Wu, Tat-Jen Cham Tianhao Wu*
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "3D decomposition/segmentation remains a challenge as large-scale 3D annotated data is not readily available. Existing approaches typically leverage 2D machine-generated segments, integrating them to achieve 3D consistency. In this paper, we propose , a novel approach achieving both segmentation and reconstruction in 3D via the neural implicit surface representation, specifically the Signed Distance Function (SDF), where the segmentation rendering is directly integrated with the volume rendering of neural implicit surfaces. Although based on ObjectSDF++, no longer requires ground-truth segments for supervision while maintaining the capability of reconstructing individual object surfaces, relying purely on the noisy and inconsistent labels from pre-trained models. As the core of , we introduce a highly efficient clustering mechanism for lifting 2D labels to 3D. Experimental results on the challenging scenes from ScanNet and Replica datasets show that can achieve competitive performance compared to the state-of-the-art with significantly reduced training time."
NAMER: Non-Autoregressive Modeling for Handwritten Mathematical Expression Recognition
Authors: Jia Pan, Jinshui Hu, Baocai Yin, Bing Yin, Mingjun Chen, Cong Liu, Jun Du*, Qingfeng Liu Chenyu Liu
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Recently, Handwritten Mathematical Expression Recognition (HMER) has gained considerable attention in pattern recognition for its diverse applications in document understanding. Current methods typically approach HMER as an image-to-sequence generation task within an autoregressive (AR) encoder-decoder framework. However, these approaches suffer from several drawbacks: 1) a lack of overall language context, limiting information utilization beyond the current decoding step; 2) error accumulation during AR decoding; and 3) slow decoding speed. To tackle these problems, this paper makes the first attempt to build a novel bottom-up Non-AutoRegressive Modeling approach for HMER, called NAMER. NAMER comprises a Visual Aware Tokenizer (VAT) and a Parallel Graph Decoder (PGD). Initially, the VAT tokenizes visible symbols and local relations at a coarse level. Subsequently, the PGD refines all tokens and establishes connectivities in parallel, leveraging comprehensive visual and linguistic contexts. Experiments on CROHME 2014/2016/2019 and HME100K datasets demonstrate that NAMER not only outperforms the current state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods on ExpRate by 1.93%/2.35%/1.49%/0.62%, but also achieves significant speedups of 13.7× and 6.7× faster in decoding time and overall FPS, proving the effectiveness and efficiency of NAMER."
GIVT: Generative Infinite-Vocabulary Transformers
Authors: Cian Eastwood, Fabian Mentzer Michael Tschannen*
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "We introduce Generative Infinite-Vocabulary Transformers(GIVT) which generate vector sequences with real-valued entries, instead of discrete tokens from a finite vocabulary. To this end, we propose two surprisingly simple modifications to decoder-only transformers: 1) at the input, we replace the finite-vocabulary lookup table with a linear projection of the input vectors; and 2) at the output, we replace the logits prediction (usually mapped to a categorical distribution) with the parameters of a multivariate Gaussian mixture model. Inspired by the image-generation paradigm of VQ-GAN and MaskGIT, where transformers are used to model the discrete latent sequences of a VQ-VAE, we use GIVT to model the unquantized real-valued latent sequences of a β-VAE. In class-conditional image generation GIVT outperforms VQ-GAN (and improved variants thereof) as well as MaskGIT, and achieves performance competitive with recent latent diffusion models. Finally, we obtain strong results outside of image generation when applying GIVT to panoptic segmentation and depth estimation with a VAE variant of the UViM framework. ∗ Work done as Student Researcher at GDM. ◦ Significant technical contributions. Code and model checkpoints: https://github.com/google-research/big vision."
Mismatch Quest: Visual and Textual Feedback for Image-Text Misalignment
Authors: Yonatan Bitton*, Yonatan Shafir, Roopal Garg, Xi Chen, Dani Lischinski, Daniel Cohen-Or, Idan Szpektor Brian Gordon*
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "While existing image-text alignment models reach high quality binary assessments, they fall short of pinpointing the exact source of misalignment. In this paper, we present a method to provide detailed textual and visual explanation of detected misalignments between text-image pairs. We leverage large language models and visual grounding models to automatically construct a training set that holds plausible misaligned captions for a given image and corresponding textual explanations and visual indicators. We also publish a new human curated test set comprising ground-truth textual and visual misalignment annotations. Empirical results show that fine-tuning vision language models on our training set enables them to articulate misalignments and visually indicate them within images, outperforming strong baselines both on the binary alignment classification and the explanation generation tasks. Our code and human curated test set are available at: https://github.com/MismatchQuest/MismatchQuest."
Regulating Model Reliance on Non-Robust Features by Smoothing Input Marginal Density
Authors: Naveed Akhtar, Mubarak Shah, Ajmal Mian Peiyu Yang*
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Trustworthy machine learning necessitates meticulous regulation of model reliance on non-robust features. We propose a framework to delineate and regulate such features by attributing model predictions to the input. Within our approach, robust feature attributions exhibit a certain consistency, while non-robust feature attributions are susceptible to fluctuations. This behavior allows identification of correlation between model reliance on non-robust features and smoothness of marginal density of the input samples. Hence, we uniquely regularize the gradients of the marginal density w.r.t. the input features for robustness. We also devise an efficient implementation of our regularization1 to address the potential numerical instability of the underlying optimization process. Moreover, we analytically reveal that, as opposed to our marginal density smoothing, the prevalent input gradient regularization smoothens conditional or joint density of the input, which can cause limited robustness. Our experiments validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, providing clear evidence of its capability to address the feature leakage problem and mitigate spurious correlations. Extensive results further establish that our technique enables the model to exhibit robustness against perturbations in pixel values, input gradients, and density. 1 Our code is available at https://github.com/ypeiyu/input_density_reg."
Multi-Modal Video Dialog State Tracking in the Wild
Authors: Lei Shi, Andreas Bulling Adnen Abdessaied*
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "We present figures/mixeri con.pdf −−anovelvideodialogmodeloperatingoveragenericmulti− modalstatetrackingscheme.Currentmodelsthatclaimtoperf ormmulti−modalstatetrackingf allshortintwoma (1)T heyeithertrackonlyonemodality(mostlythevisualinput)or(2)theytargetsyntheticdatasetsthatdonotref lec worldin−the−wildscenarios.Ourmodeladdressesthesetwolimitationsinanattempttoclosethiscrucialresearch modalgraphstructurelearningmethod.Subsequently, thelearnedlocalgraphsandf eaturesareparsedtogethertof grainedgraphnodef eaturesareusedtoenhancethehiddenstatesof thebackboneV ision− LanguageM odel(V LM ). achievesnewstate−of −the−artresultsonfivechallengingbenchmarks."
Factorized Diffusion: Perceptual Illusions by Noise Decomposition
Authors: Inbum Park, Andrew Owens Daniel Geng*
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Given a factorization of an image into a sum of linear components, we present a zero-shot method to control each individual component through diffusion model sampling. For example, we can decompose an image into low and high spatial frequencies and condition these components on different text prompts. This produces hybrid images, which change appearance depending on viewing distance. By decomposing an image into three frequency subbands, we can generate hybrid images with three prompts. We also use a decomposition into grayscale and color components to produce images whose appearance changes when they are viewed in grayscale, a phenomena that naturally occurs under dim lighting. And we explore a decomposition by a motion blur kernel, which produces images that change appearance under motion blurring. Our method works by denoising with a composite noise estimate, built from the components of noise estimates conditioned on different prompts. We also show that for certain decompositions, our method recovers prior approaches to compositional generation and spatial control. Finally, we show that we can extend our approach to generate hybrid images from real images. We do this by holding one component fixed and generating the remaining components, effectively solving an inverse problem."
To Generate or Not? Safety-Driven Unlearned Diffusion Models Are Still Easy To Generate Unsafe Images ... For Now
Authors: jinghan jia, Xin Chen, Aochuan Chen, Yihua Zhang, Jiancheng Liu, Ke Ding, Sijia Liu Yimeng Zhang*
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "The recent advances in diffusion models (DMs) have revolutionized the generation of realistic and complex images. However, these models also introduce potential safety hazards, such as producing harmful content and infringing data copyrights. Despite the development of safety-driven unlearning techniques to counteract these challenges, doubts about their efficacy persist. To tackle this issue, we introduce an evaluation framework that leverages adversarial prompts to discern the trustworthiness of these safety-driven DMs after they have undergone the process of unlearning harmful concepts. Specifically, we investigated the adversarial robustness of DMs, assessed by adversarial prompts, when eliminating unwanted concepts, styles, and objects. We develop an effective and efficient adversarial prompt generation approach for DMs, termed . This method capitalizes on the intrinsic classification abilities of DMs to simplify the creation of adversarial prompts, thereby eliminating the need for auxiliary classification or diffusion models. Through extensive benchmarking, we evaluate the robustness of widely-used safety-driven unlearned DMs (i.e., DMs after unlearning undesirable concepts, styles, or objects) across a variety of tasks. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency merits of over the state-of-the-art adversarial prompt generation method and reveal the lack of robustness of current safety-driven unlearning techniques when applied to DMs. Codes are available at https://github.com/OPTML-Group/Diffusion-MU-Attack. WARNING: There exist AI generations that may be offensive."
Dissecting Dissonance: Benchmarking Large Multimodal Models Against Self-Contradictory Instructions
Authors: Lei Gan, Yuankai Li, Yixin Ye, Dequan Wang* Jin Gao
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Large multimodal models (LMMs) excel in adhering to human instructions. However, self-contradictory instructions may arise due to the increasing trend of multimodal interaction and context length, which is challenging for language beginners and vulnerable populations. We introduce the Self-Contradictory Instructions benchmark to evaluate the capability of LMMs in recognizing conflicting commands. It comprises 20,000 conflicts, evenly distributed between language and vision paradigms. It is constructed by a novel automatic dataset creation framework, which expedites the process and enables us to encompass a wide range of instruction forms. Our comprehensive evaluation reveals current LMMs consistently struggle to identify multimodal instruction discordance due to a lack of self-awareness. Hence, we propose the Cognitive Awakening Prompting to inject cognition from external, largely enhancing dissonance detection. Here are our website, dataset, and code."
StereoGlue: Joint Feature Matching and Robust Estimation
Authors: Dmytro Mishkin, Luca Cavalli, Paul-Edouard Sarlin, Petr Hruby, Marc Pollefeys Daniel Barath*
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "We propose StereoGlue, a method designed for joint feature matching and robust estimation that effectively reduces the combinatorial complexity of these tasks using single-point minimal solvers. StereoGlue is applicable to a range of problems, including but not limited to relative pose and homography estimation, determining absolute pose with 2D-3D correspondences, and estimating 3D rigid transformations between point clouds. StereoGlue starts with a set of one-to-many tentative correspondences, iteratively forms tentative matches, and estimates the minimal sample model. This model then facilitates guided matching, leading to consistent one-to-one matches, whose number serves as the model score. StereoGlue is superior to the state-of-the-art robust estimators on real-world datasets on multiple problems, improving upon a number of recent feature detectors and matchers. Additionally, it shows improvements in point cloud matching and absolute camera pose estimation. The code is at: https:// github.com/danini/stereoglue."
Boosting Transferability in Vision-Language Attacks via Diversification along the Intersection Region of Adversarial Trajectory
Authors: Xiaojun Jia*, Xuhong Ren, Ivor Tsang, Qing Guo* Sensen Gao
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Vision-language pre-training (VLP) models exhibit remarkable capabilities in comprehending both images and text, yet they remain susceptible to multimodal adversarial examples (AEs). Strengthening attacks and uncovering vulnerabilities, especially common issues in VLP models (e.g., high transferable AEs), can advance reliable and practical VLP models. A recent work (i.e., Set-level guidance attack) indicates that augmenting image-text pairs to increase AE diversity along the optimization path enhances the transferability of adversarial examples significantly. However, this approach predominantly emphasizes diversity around the online adversarial examples (i.e., AEs in the optimization period), leading to the risk of overfitting the victim model and affecting the transferability. In this study, we posit that the diversity of adversarial examples towards the clean input and online AEs are both pivotal for enhancing transferability across VLP models. Consequently, we propose using diversification along the intersection region of adversarial trajectory to expand the diversity of AEs. To fully leverage the interaction between modalities, we introduce text-guided adversarial example selection during optimization. Furthermore, to further mitigate the potential overfitting, we direct the adversarial text deviating from the last intersection region along the optimization path, rather than adversarial images as in existing methods. Extensive experiments affirm the effectiveness of our method in improving transferability across various VLP models and downstream vision-and-language tasks. Code is available at https://github.com/SensenGao/VLPTransferAttack."
Leveraging Enhanced Queries of Point Sets for Vectorized Map Construction
Authors: Xiaoyu Zhang, Guangwei Liu, Ji Zhao*, Ningyi Xu* Zihao Liu
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "In autonomous driving, the high-definition (HD) map plays a crucial role in localization and planning. Recently, several methods have facilitated end-to-end online map construction in DETR-like frameworks. However, little attention has been paid to the potential capabilities of exploring the query mechanism for map elements. This paper introduces MapQR, an end-to-end method with an emphasis on enhancing query capabilities for constructing online vectorized maps. To probe desirable information efficiently, MapQR utilizes a novel query design, called scatter-and-gather query, which is modelled by separate content and position parts explicitly. The base map instance queries are scattered to different reference points and added with positional embeddings to probe information from BEV features. Then these scatted queries are gathered back to enhance information within each map instance. Together with a simple and effective improvement of a BEV encoder, the proposed MapQR achieves the best mean average precision (mAP) and maintains good efficiency on both nuScenes and Argoverse 2. In addition, integrating our query design into other models can boost their performance significantly. The source code is available at https://github.com/HXMap/MapQR."
Robust Zero-Shot Crowd Counting and Localization with Adaptive Resolution SAM
Authors: Qiangqiang Wu, Wei Lin, Antoni Chan Jia Wan*
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "The existing crowd counting models require extensive training data, which is time-consuming to annotate. To tackle this issue, we propose a simple yet effective crowd counting method by utilizing the Segment-Everything-Everywhere Model (SEEM), an adaptation of the Segmentation Anything Model (SAM), to generate pseudo-labels for training crowd counting models. However, our initial investigation reveals that SEEM’s performance in dense crowd scenes is limited, primarily due to the omission of many persons in high-density areas. To overcome this limitation, we propose an adaptive resolution SEEM to handle the scale variations, occlusions, and overlapping of people within crowd scenes. Alongside this, we introduce a robust localization method, based on Gaussian Mixture Models, for predicting the head positions in the predicted people masks. Given the mask and point pseudo-labels, we propose a robust loss function, which is designed to exclude uncertain regions based on SEEM’s predictions, thereby enhancing the training process of the counting network. Finally, we propose an iterative method for generating pseudo-labels. This method aims at improving the quality of the segmentation masks by identifying more tiny persons in high-density regions, which are often missed in the first pseudo-labeling iteration. Overall, our proposed method achieves the best unsupervised performance in crowd counting, while also being comparable to some classic supervised fully methods. This makes it a highly effective and versatile tool for crowd counting, especially in situations where labeled data is not available."
AWOL: Analysis WithOut synthesis using Language
Authors: Michael J. Black Silvia Zuffi*
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Many classical parametric 3D shape models exist, but creating novel shapes with such models requires expert knowledge of their parameters. For example, imagine creating a specific type of tree using procedural graphics or a new kind of animal from a statistical shape model. Our key idea is to leverage language to control such existing models to produce novel shapes. This involves learning a mapping between the latent space of a vision-language model and the parameter space of the 3D model, which we do using a small set of shape and text pairs. Our hypothesis is that mapping from language to parameters allows us to generate parameters for objects that were never seen during training. If the mapping between language and parameters is sufficiently smooth, then interpolation or generalization in language should translate appropriately into novel 3D shapes. We test our approach with two very different types of parametric shape models (quadrupeds and arboreal trees). We use a learned statistical shape model of quadrupeds and show that we can use text to generate new animals not present during training. In particular, we demonstrate state-of-the-art shape estimation of 3D dogs. This work also constitutes the first language-driven method for generating 3D trees. Finally, embedding images in the CLIP latent space enables us to generate animals and trees directly from images."
OneVOS: Unifying Video Object Segmentation with All-in-One Transformer Framework
Authors: Pinxue Guo, Xinyu Zhou, Lingyi Hong, Yangji He, Xiangyu Zheng, Wei Zhang*, Wenqiang Zhang* Wanyun Li
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Contemporary Video Object Segmentation (VOS) approaches typically consist stages of feature extraction, matching, memory management, and multiple objects aggregation. Recent advanced models either employ a discrete modeling for these components in a sequential manner, or optimize a combined pipeline through substructure aggregation. However, these existing explicit staged approaches prevent the VOS framework from being optimized as a unified whole, leading to the limited capacity and suboptimal performance in tackling complex videos. In this paper, we propose OneVOS, a novel framework that unifies the core components of VOS with All-in-One Transformer. Specifically, to unify all aforementioned modules into a vision transformer, we model all the features of frames, masks and memory for multiple objects as transformer tokens, and integrally accomplish feature extraction, matching and memory management of multiple objects through the flexible attention mechanism. Furthermore, a Unidirectional Hybrid Attention is proposed through a double decoupling of the original attention operation, to rectify semantic errors and ambiguities of stored tokens in OneVOS framework. Finally, to alleviate the storage burden and expedite inference, we propose the Dynamic Token Selector, which unveils the working mechanism of OneVOS and naturally leads to a more efficient version of OneVOS. Extensive experiments demonstrate the superiority of OneVOS, achieving state-of-the-art performance across 7 datasets, particularly excelling in complex LVOS and MOSE datasets with 70.1% and 66.4% J&F scores, surpassing previous state-of-the-art methods by 4.2% and 7.0%, respectively. Code is available at: https://github.com/L599wy/OneVOS. all_papers.txt decode_tex_noligatures.sh decode_tex_noligatures.sh~ decode_tex.sh decode_tex.sh~ ECCV_abstracts.csv ECCV_abstracts_good.csv ECCV.csv ECCV.csv~ ECCV_new.csv generate_list.sh generate_list.sh~ generate_overview.sh gen.sh gen.sh~ HOWTO HOWTO~ pdflist pdflist.copied RCS snippet.html Equal contribution † Corresponding authors."
M3DBench: Towards Omni 3D Assistant with Interleaved Multi-modal Instructions
Authors: Xin Chen, Chi Zhang, Sijin Chen, Hongyuan Zhu, Fukun Yin, Zhuoyuan Li, Gang Yu, Tao Chen* Mingsheng Li
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Recently, the understanding of the 3D world has garnered increased attention, facilitating autonomous agents to perform further decision-making. However, the majority of existing 3D vision-language datasets and methods are often limited to specific tasks, limiting their applicability in diverse scenarios. The recent advance of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multi-modal Language Models (MLMs) has shown mighty capability in solving various language and image tasks. Therefore, it is interesting to unlock MLM’s potential to be an omni 3D assistant for wider tasks. However, current MLMs’ research has been less focused on 3D due to the scarcity of large-scale visual-language datasets. In this work, we introduce M3DBench, a comprehensive multi-modal instruction dataset for complex 3D environments with over 320k instruction-response pairs that: 1) supports general interleaved multi-modal instructions with text, user clicks, images, and other visual prompts, 2) unifies diverse regionand scene-level 3D tasks, composing various fundamental abilities in real-world 3D environments. Furthermore, we establish a new benchmark for assessing the performance of large models in understanding interleaved multi-modal instructions. With extensive quantitative and qualitative experiments, we show the effectiveness of our dataset and baseline model in understanding complex human-environment interactions and accomplishing general 3D-centric tasks. We will release the data and code to accelerate future research on developing 3D MLMs."
MSD: A Benchmark Dataset for Floor Plan Generation of Building Complexes
Authors: Fatemeh Mostafavi, Emanuel Kuhn, Yuntae Jeon, Michael Franzen, Matthias Standfest, Jan van Gemert, Seyran Khademi Casper van Engelenburg*
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Diverse and realistic floor plan data are essential for the development of useful computer-aided methods in architectural design. Today’s large-scale floor plan datasets predominantly feature simple floor plan layouts, typically representing single-apartment dwellings only. To compensate for the mismatch between current datasets and the real world, we develop Modified Swiss Dwellings (MSD) – the first large-scale floor plan dataset that contains a significant share of layouts of multi-apartment dwellings. MSD features over 5.3K floor plans of medium- to large-scale building complexes, covering over 18.9K distinct apartments. We validate that existing approaches for floor plan generation, while effective in simpler scenarios, cannot yet seamlessly address the challenges posed by MSD. Our benchmark calls for new research in floor plan machine understanding. Code and data are open."
End-to-End Rate-Distortion Optimized 3D Gaussian Representation
Authors: Hanxin Zhu, Tianyu He, Runsen Feng, Jiajun Deng, Jiang Bian, Zhibo Chen Henan Wang*
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) has become an emerging technique with remarkable potential in 3D representation and image rendering. However, the substantial storage overhead of 3DGS significantly impedes its practical applications. In this work, we formulate the compact 3D Gaussian learning as an end-to-end Rate-Distortion Optimization (RDO) problem and propose RDO-Gaussian that can achieve flexible and continuous rate control. RDO-Gaussian addresses two main issues that exist in current schemes: 1) Different from prior endeavors that minimize the rate under the fixed distortion, we introduce dynamic pruning and entropy-constrained vector quantization (ECVQ) that optimize the rate and distortion at the same time. 2) Previous works treat the colors of each Gaussian equally, while we model the colors of different regions and materials with learnable numbers of parameters. We verify our method on both real and synthetic scenes, showcasing that RDO-Gaussian greatly reduces the size of 3D Gaussian over 40×, and surpasses existing methods in rate-distortion performance."
Temporal Residual Jacobians for Rig-free Motion Transfer
Authors: Niladri Shekhar Dutt, Siddhartha Chaudhuri, Noam Aigerman, Vladimir Kim, Matthew Fisher, Niloy Mitra Sanjeev Muralikrishnan*
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "We introduce Temporal Residual Jacobians as a novel representation to enable data-driven motion transfer. Our approach does not assume access to any rigging or intermediate shape keyframes, produces geometrically and temporally consistent motions, and can be used to transfer long motion sequences. Central to our approach are two coupled neural networks that individually predict local geometric and temporal changes that are subsequently integrated, spatially and temporally, to produce the final animated meshes. The two networks are jointly trained, complement each other in producing spatial and temporal signals, and are supervised directly with 3D positional information. During inference, in the absence of keyframes, our method essentially solves a motion extrapolation problem. We test our setup on diverse meshes (synthetic and scanned shapes) to demonstrate its superiority in generating realistic and natural-looking animations on unseen body shapes against SoTA alternatives. Supplemental video and code are available at https://temporaljacobians.github.io/."
LetsMap: Unsupervised Representation Learning for Label-Efficient Semantic BEV Mapping
Authors: Kürsat Petek, B Ravi Kiran, Senthil Yogamani, Paulo L. J. Drews-Jr, Wolfram Burgard, Abhinav Valada Nikhil Gosala*
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Semantic Bird’s Eye View (BEV) maps offer a rich representation with strong occlusion reasoning for various decision making tasks in autonomous driving. However, most BEV mapping approaches employ a fully supervised learning paradigm that relies on large amounts of human-annotated BEV ground truth data. In this work, we address this limitation by proposing the first unsupervised representation learning approach to generate semantic BEV maps from a monocular frontal view (FV) image in a label-efficient manner. Our approach pretrains the network to independently reason about scene geometry and scene semantics using two disjoint neural pathways in an unsupervised manner and then finetunes it for the task of semantic BEV mapping using only a small fraction of labels in the BEV. We achieve label-free pretraining by exploiting spatial and temporal consistency of FV images to learn scene geometry while relying on a novel temporal masked autoencoder formulation to encode the scene representation. Extensive evaluations on the KITTI-360 and nuScenes datasets demonstrate that our approach performs on par with the existing state-of-the-art approaches while using only 1% of BEV labels and no additional labeled data."
Deblurring 3D Gaussian Splatting
Authors: Howoong Lee, Xiangyu Sun, Usman Ali, Eunbyung Park* Byeonghyeon Lee*
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Recent studies in Radiance Fields have paved the robust way for novel view synthesis with their photorealistic rendering quality. Nevertheless, they usually employ neural networks and volumetric rendering, which are costly to train and impede their broad use in various real-time applications due to the lengthy rendering time. Lately 3D Gaussians splatting-based approach has been proposed to model the 3D scene, and it achieves remarkable visual quality while rendering the images in real-time. However, it suffers from severe degradation in the rendering quality if the training images are blurry. Blurriness commonly occurs due to the lens defocusing, object motion, and camera shake, and it inevitably intervenes in clean image acquisition. Several previous studies have attempted to render clean and sharp images from blurry input images using neural fields. The majority of those works, however, are designed only for volumetric rendering-based neural radiance fields and are not straightforwardly applicable to rasterization-based 3D Gaussian splatting methods. Thus, we propose a novel real-time deblurring framework, Deblurring 3D Gaussian Splatting, using a small Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) that manipulates the covariance of each 3D Gaussian to model the scene blurriness. While Deblurring 3D Gaussian Splatting can still enjoy real-time rendering, it can reconstruct fine and sharp details from blurry images. A variety of experiments have been conducted on the benchmark, and the results have revealed the effectiveness of our approach for deblurring. Qualitative results are available at https://benhenryl.github.io/Deblurring-3D-Gaussian-Splatting/"
Taming Lookup Tables for Efficient Image Retouching
Authors: Binxiao Huang, Mingdeng Cao, Yatai Ji, Hanzhong Guo, Ngai Wong, Yujiu Yang* Sidi Yang
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "The widespread use of high-definition screens in edge devices, such as end-user cameras, smartphones, and televisions, is spurring a significant demand for image enhancement. Existing enhancement models often optimize for high performance while falling short of reducing hardware inference time and power consumption, especially on edge devices with constrained computing and storage resources. To this end, we propose Image Color Enhancement LookUp Table (ICELUT) that adopts LUTs for extremely efficient edge inference, without any convolutional neural network (CNN). During training, we leverage pointwise (1×1) convolution to extract color information, alongside a split fully connected layer to incorporate global information. Both components are then seamlessly converted into LUTs for hardware-agnostic deployment. ICELUT achieves near-state-of-the-art performance and remarkably low power consumption. We observe that the pointwise network structure exhibits robust scalability, upkeeping the performance even with a heavily downsampled 32 × 32 input image. These enable ICELUT, the first-ever purely LUT-based image enhancer, to reach an unprecedented speed of 0.4ms on GPU and 7ms on CPU, at least one order faster than any CNN solution. Codes are available at https://github.com/Stephen0808/ICELUT."
DualDn: Dual-domain Denoising via Differentiable ISP
Authors: Yujin Wang*, Shiqi Chen, Fan Zhang, Jinwei Gu, Tianfan Xue Ruikang Li
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Image denoising is a critical component in a camera’s Image Signal Processing (ISP) pipeline. There are two typical ways to inject a denoiser into the ISP pipeline: applying a denoiser directly to captured raw frames (raw domain) or to the ISP’s output sRGB images (sRGB domain). However, both approaches have their limitations. Residual noise from raw-domain denoising can be amplified by the subsequent ISP processing, and the sRGB domain struggles to handle spatially varying noise since it only sees noise distorted by the ISP. Consequently, most raw or sRGB domain denoising works only for specific noise distributions and ISP configurations. To address these challenges, we propose DualDn, a novel learning-based dual-domain denoising. Unlike previous single-domain denoising, DualDn consists of two denoising networks: one in the raw domain and one in the sRGB domain. The raw domain denoising adapts to sensor-specific noise as well as spatially varying noise levels, while the sRGB domain denoising adapts to ISP variations and removes residual noise amplified by the ISP. Both denoising networks are connected with a differentiable ISP, which is trained end-to-end and discarded during the inference stage. With this design, DualDn achieves greater generalizability compared to most learning-based denoising methods, as it can adapt to different unseen noises, ISP parameters, and even novel ISP pipelines. Experiments show that DualDn achieves state-of-the-art performance and can adapt to different denoising architectures. Moreover, DualDn can be used as a plug-and-play denoising module with real cameras without retraining, and still demonstrate better performance than commercial on-camera denoising. The project website is available at: https://openimaginglab. github.io/DualDn/"
A Task is Worth One Word: Learning with Task Prompts for High-Quality Versatile Image Inpainting
Authors: Yanhong Zeng, WENRAN LIU, Chun Yuan*, Kai Chen* Junhao Zhuang
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Advancing image inpainting is challenging as it requires filling user-specified regions for various intents, such as background filling and object synthesis. Existing approaches focus on either context-aware filling or object synthesis using text descriptions. However, achieving both tasks simultaneously is challenging due to differing training strategies. To overcome this challenge, we introduce , the first high-quality and versatile inpainting model that excels in multiple inpainting tasks. First, we introduce learnable task prompts along with tailored fine-tuning strategies to guide the model’s focus on different inpainting targets explicitly. This enables to accomplish various inpainting tasks by utilizing different task prompts, resulting in state-of-the-art performance. Second, we demonstrate the versatility of the task prompt in by showcasing its effectiveness as a negative prompt for object removal. Moreover, we leverage prompt interpolation techniques to enable controllable shape-guided object inpainting, enhancing the model’s applicability in shape-guided applications. Finally, we conduct extensive experiments and applications to verify the effectiveness of . We release our codes and models on our project page: https://powerpaint.github.io/."
Self-supervised Shape Completion via Involution and Implicit Correspondences
Authors: Ajad Chhatkuli, Janis Postels, Luc Van Gool, Federico Tombari Mengya Liu*
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "3D shape completion is traditionally solved using supervised training or by distribution learning on complete shape examples. Recently self-supervised learning approaches that do not require any complete 3D shape examples have gained more interests. In this paper, we propose a non-adversarial self-supervised approach for the shape completion task. Our first finding is that completion problems can be formulated as an involutory function trivially, which implies a special constraint on the completion function G, such that G ◦ G(X) = X. Our second constraint on self-supervised shape completion relies on the fact that shape completion becomes easier to solve with correspondences and similarly, completion can simplify the correspondences problem. We formulate a consistency measure in the canonical space in order to supervise the completion function. We efficiently optimize the completion and correspondence modules using “freeze and alternate” strategy. The overall approach performs well for rigid shapes in a category as well as dynamic non-rigid shapes. We ablate our design choices and compare our solution against state-of-the-art methods, showing remarkable accuracy approaching supervised accuracy in some cases."
From Fake to Real: Pretraining on Balanced Synthetic Images to Prevent Spurious Correlations in Image Recognition
Authors: Kate Saenko, Bryan A. Plummer Maan Qraitem*
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Visual recognition models are prone to learning spurious correlations induced by a biased training set where certain conditions B (, Indoors) are over-represented in certain classes Y (, Big Dogs). Synthetic data from off-the-shelf large-scale generative models offers a promising direction to mitigate this issue by augmenting underrepresented subgroups in the real dataset. However, by using a mixed distribution of real and synthetic data, we introduce another source of bias due to distributional differences between synthetic and real data (synthetic artifacts). As we will show, prior work’s approach for using synthetic data to resolve the model’s bias toward B do not correct the model’s bias toward the pair (B, G), where G denotes whether the sample is real or synthetic. Thus, the model could simply learn signals based on the pair (B, G) (, Synthetic Indoors) to make predictions about Y (, Big Dogs). To address this issue, we propose a simple, easy-to-implement, two-step training pipeline that we call From Fake to Real (FFR). The first step of FFR pre-trains a model on balanced synthetic data to learn robust representations across subgroups. In the second step, FFR fine-tunes the model on real data using ERM or common loss-based bias mitigation methods. By training on real and synthetic data separately, FFR does not expose the model to the statistical differences between real and synthetic data and thus avoids the issue of bias toward the pair (B, G). Our experiments show that FFR improves worst group accuracy over the state-of-the-art by up to 20% over three datasets. Code available: https://github.com/ mqraitem/From-Fake-to-Real"
Cross-Domain Few-Shot Object Detection via Enhanced Open-Set Object Detector
Authors: Yu Wang, Yixuan Pan, Xingyu Qiu, Lian Huai, Zeyu Shangguan, Tong Liu, Yanwei Fu, Luc Van Gool, Xingqun Jiang Yuqian Fu*
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "This paper studies the challenging cross-domain few-shot object detection (CD-FSOD), aiming to develop an accurate object detector for novel domains with minimal labeled examples. While transformer-based open-set detectors, such as DE-ViT, show promise in traditional few-shot object detection, their generalization to CD-FSOD remains unclear: 1) can such open-set detection methods easily generalize to CD-FSOD? 2) If not, how can models be enhanced when facing huge domain gaps? To answer the first question, we employ measures including style, inter-class variance (ICV), and indefinable boundaries (IB) to understand the domain gap. Based on these measures, we establish a new benchmark named CD-FSOD to evaluate object detection methods, revealing that most of the current approaches fail to generalize across domains. Technically, we observe that the performance decline is associated with our proposed measures: style, ICV, and IB. Consequently, we propose several novel modules to address these issues. First, the learnable instance features align initial fixed instances with target categories, enhancing feature distinctiveness. Second, the instance reweighting module assigns higher importance to high-quality instances with slight IB. Third, the domain prompter encourages features resilient to different styles by synthesizing imaginary domains without altering semantic contents. These techniques collectively contribute to the development of the Cross-Domain Vision Transformer for CD-FSOD (CD-ViTO), significantly improving upon the base DE-ViT. Experimental results validate the efficacy of our model. Datasets and codes are available at http://yuqianfu.com/CDFSOD-benchmark."
NICP: Neural ICP for 3D Human Registration at Scale
Authors: Enric Corona, Gerard Pons-Moll Riccardo Marin*
Published in: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 (Main Conference Track), 2024

Abstract: "Aligning a template to 3D human point clouds is a long-standing problem crucial for tasks like animation, reconstruction, and enabling supervised learning pipelines. Recent data-driven methods leverage predicted surface correspondences. However, they are not robust to varied poses, identities, or noise. In contrast, industrial solutions often rely on expensive manual annotations or multi-view capturing systems. Recently, neural fields have shown promising results. Still, their purely data-driven and extrinsic nature does not incorporate any guidance toward the target surface, often resulting in a trivial misalignment of the template registration. Currently, no method can be considered the standard for 3D Human registration, limiting the scalability of downstream applications. In this work, we propose a neural scalable registration method, , a pipeline that, for the first time, generalizes and scales across thousands of shapes and more than ten different data sources. Our essential contribution is , an ICP-style self-supervised task tailored to neural fields. takes a few seconds, is self-supervised, and works out of the box on pre-trained neural fields. combines with a localized neural field trained on a large MoCap dataset, achieving the state of the art over public benchmarks. The release of our code and checkpoints provides a powerful tool useful for many downstream tasks like dataset alignments, cleaning, or asset animation."