Chapter 4. Kernel Module Management Operator Learn about the Kernel Module Management (KMM) Operator and how you can use it to deploy out-of-tree kernel modules and device plugins on OpenShift Container Platform clusters. 4.1. About the Kernel Module Management Operator The Kernel Module Management (KMM) Operator manages, builds, signs, and deploys out-of-tree kernel modules and device plugins on OpenShift Container Platform clusters. KMM adds a new Module CRD which describes an out-of-tree kernel module and its associated device plugin. You can use Module resources to configure how to load the module, define ModuleLoader images for kernel versions, and include instructions for building and signing modules for specific kernel versions. KMM is designed to accommodate multiple kernel versions at once for any kernel module, allowing for seamless node upgrades and reduced application downtime. 4.2. Installing the Kernel Module Management Operator As a cluster administrator, you can install the Kernel Module Management (KMM) Operator by using the OpenShift CLI or the web console. The KMM Operator is supported on OpenShift Container Platform 4.12 and later. Installing KMM on version 4.11 does not require specific additional steps. For details on installing KMM on version 4.10 and earlier, see the section "Installing the Kernel Module Management Operator on earlier versions of OpenShift Container Platform". 4.2.1. Installing the Kernel Module Management Operator using the web console As a cluster administrator, you can install the Kernel Module Management (KMM) Operator using the OpenShift Container Platform web console. Procedure Log in to the OpenShift Container Platform web console. Install the Kernel Module Management Operator: In the OpenShift Container Platform web console, click Operators OperatorHub . Select Kernel Module Management Operator from the list of available Operators, and then click Install . On the Install Operator page, select the Installation mode as A specific namespace on the cluster . From the Installed Namespace list, select the openshift-kmm namespace. Click Install . Verification To verify that KMM Operator installed successfully: Navigate to the Operators Installed Operators page. Ensure that Kernel Module Management Operator is listed in the openshift-kmm project with a Status of InstallSucceeded . Note During installation, an Operator might display a Failed status. If the installation later succeeds with an InstallSucceeded message, you can ignore the Failed message. Troubleshooting To troubleshoot issues with Operator installation: Navigate to the Operators Installed Operators page and inspect the Operator Subscriptions and Install Plans tabs for any failure or errors under Status . Navigate to the Workloads Pods page and check the logs for pods in the openshift-kmm project. 4.2.2. Installing the Kernel Module Management Operator by using the CLI As a cluster administrator, you can install the Kernel Module Management (KMM) Operator by using the OpenShift CLI. Prerequisites You have a running OpenShift Container Platform cluster. You installed the OpenShift CLI ( oc ). You are logged into the OpenShift CLI as a user with cluster-admin privileges. Procedure Install KMM in the openshift-kmm namespace: Create the following Namespace CR and save the YAML file, for example, kmm-namespace.yaml : apiVersion: v1 kind: Namespace metadata: name: openshift-kmm Create the following OperatorGroup CR and save the YAML file, for example, kmm-op-group.yaml : apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1 kind: OperatorGroup metadata: name: kernel-module-management namespace: openshift-kmm Create the following Subscription CR and save the YAML file, for example, kmm-sub.yaml : apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1 kind: Subscription metadata: name: kernel-module-management namespace: openshift-kmm spec: channel: release-1.0 installPlanApproval: Automatic name: kernel-module-management source: redhat-operators sourceNamespace: openshift-marketplace startingCSV: kernel-module-management.v1.0.0 Create the subscription object by running the following command: USD oc create -f kmm-sub.yaml Verification To verify that the Operator deployment is successful, run the following command: USD oc get -n openshift-kmm deployments.apps kmm-operator-controller-manager Example output NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE kmm-operator-controller-manager 1/1 1 1 97s The Operator is available. 4.2.3. Installing the Kernel Module Management Operator on earlier versions of OpenShift Container Platform The KMM Operator is supported on OpenShift Container Platform 4.12 and later. For version 4.10 and earlier, you must create a new SecurityContextConstraint object and bind it to the Operator's ServiceAccount . As a cluster administrator, you can install the Kernel Module Management (KMM) Operator by using the OpenShift CLI. Prerequisites You have a running OpenShift Container Platform cluster. You installed the OpenShift CLI ( oc ). You are logged into the OpenShift CLI as a user with cluster-admin privileges. Procedure Install KMM in the openshift-kmm namespace: Create the following Namespace CR and save the YAML file, for example, kmm-namespace.yaml file: apiVersion: v1 kind: Namespace metadata: name: openshift-kmm Create the following SecurityContextConstraint object and save the YAML file, for example, kmm-security-constraint.yaml : allowHostDirVolumePlugin: false allowHostIPC: false allowHostNetwork: false allowHostPID: false allowHostPorts: false allowPrivilegeEscalation: false allowPrivilegedContainer: false allowedCapabilities: - NET_BIND_SERVICE apiVersion: security.openshift.io/v1 defaultAddCapabilities: null fsGroup: type: MustRunAs groups: [] kind: SecurityContextConstraints metadata: name: restricted-v2 priority: null readOnlyRootFilesystem: false requiredDropCapabilities: - ALL runAsUser: type: MustRunAsRange seLinuxContext: type: MustRunAs seccompProfiles: - runtime/default supplementalGroups: type: RunAsAny users: [] volumes: - configMap - downwardAPI - emptyDir - persistentVolumeClaim - projected - secret Bind the SecurityContextConstraint object to the Operator's ServiceAccount by running the following commands: USD oc apply -f kmm-security-constraint.yaml USD oc adm policy add-scc-to-user kmm-security-constraint -z kmm-operator-controller-manager -n openshift-kmm Create the following OperatorGroup CR and save the YAML file, for example, kmm-op-group.yaml : apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1 kind: OperatorGroup metadata: name: kernel-module-management namespace: openshift-kmm Create the following Subscription CR and save the YAML file, for example, kmm-sub.yaml : apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1 kind: Subscription metadata: name: kernel-module-management namespace: openshift-kmm spec: channel: release-1.0 installPlanApproval: Automatic name: kernel-module-management source: redhat-operators sourceNamespace: openshift-marketplace startingCSV: kernel-module-management.v1.0.0 Create the subscription object by running the following command: USD oc create -f kmm-sub.yaml Verification To verify that the Operator deployment is successful, run the following command: USD oc get -n openshift-kmm deployments.apps kmm-operator-controller-manager Example output NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE kmm-operator-controller-manager 1/1 1 1 97s The Operator is available. 4.3. Kernel module deployment For each Module resource, Kernel Module Management (KMM) can create a number of DaemonSet resources: One ModuleLoader DaemonSet per compatible kernel version running in the cluster. One device plugin DaemonSet , if configured. The module loader daemon set resources run ModuleLoader images to load kernel modules. A module loader image is an OCI image that contains the .ko files and both the modprobe and sleep binaries. When the module loader pod is created, the pod runs modprobe to insert the specified module into the kernel. It then enters a sleep state until it is terminated. When that happens, the ExecPreStop hook runs modprobe -r to unload the kernel module. If the .spec.devicePlugin attribute is configured in a Module resource, then KMM creates a device plugin daemon set in the cluster. That daemon set targets: Nodes that match the .spec.selector of the Module resource. Nodes with the kernel module loaded (where the module loader pod is in the Ready condition). 4.3.1. The Module custom resource definition The Module custom resource definition (CRD) represents a kernel module that can be loaded on all or select nodes in the cluster, through a module loader image. A Module custom resource (CR) specifies one or more kernel versions with which it is compatible, and a node selector. The compatible versions for a Module resource are listed under .spec.moduleLoader.container.kernelMappings . A kernel mapping can either match a literal version, or use regexp to match many of them at the same time. The reconciliation loop for the Module resource runs the following steps: List all nodes matching .spec.selector . Build a set of all kernel versions running on those nodes. For each kernel version: Go through .spec.moduleLoader.container.kernelMappings and find the appropriate container image name. If the kernel mapping has build or sign defined and the container image does not already exist, run the build, the signing job, or both, as needed. Create a module loader daemon set with the container image determined in the step. If .spec.devicePlugin is defined, create a device plugin daemon set using the configuration specified under .spec.devicePlugin.container . Run garbage-collect on: Existing daemon set resources targeting kernel versions that are not run by any node in the cluster. Successful build jobs. Successful signing jobs. 4.3.2. Security and permissions Important Loading kernel modules is a highly sensitive operation. After they are loaded, kernel modules have all possible permissions to do any kind of operation on the node. 4.3.2.1. ServiceAccounts and SecurityContextConstraints Kernel Module Management (KMM) creates a privileged workload to load the kernel modules on nodes. That workload needs ServiceAccounts allowed to use the privileged SecurityContextConstraint (SCC) resource. The authorization model for that workload depends on the namespace of the Module resource, as well as its spec. If the .spec.moduleLoader.serviceAccountName or .spec.devicePlugin.serviceAccountName fields are set, they are always used. If those fields are not set, then: If the Module resource is created in the operator's namespace ( openshift-kmm by default), then KMM uses its default, powerful ServiceAccounts to run the daemon sets. If the Module resource is created in any other namespace, then KMM runs the daemon sets as the namespace's default ServiceAccount . The Module resource cannot run a privileged workload unless you manually enable it to use the privileged SCC. Important openshift-kmm is a trusted namespace. When setting up RBAC permissions, remember that any user or ServiceAccount creating a Module resource in the openshift-kmm namespace results in KMM automatically running privileged workloads on potentially all nodes in the cluster. To allow any ServiceAccount to use the privileged SCC and therefore to run module loader or device plugin pods, use the following command: USD oc adm policy add-scc-to-user privileged -z "USD{serviceAccountName}" [ -n "USD{namespace}" ] 4.3.2.2. Pod security standards OpenShift runs a synchronization mechanism that sets the namespace Pod Security level automatically based on the security contexts in use. No action is needed. Additional resources Understanding and managing pod security admission . 4.3.3. Example Module CR The following is an annotated Module example: apiVersion: kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io/v1beta1 kind: Module metadata: name: <my_kmod> spec: moduleLoader: container: modprobe: moduleName: <my_kmod> 1 dirName: /opt 2 firmwarePath: /firmware 3 parameters: 4 - param=1 kernelMappings: 5 - literal: 6.0.15-300.fc37.x86_64 containerImage: some.registry/org/my-kmod:6.0.15-300.fc37.x86_64 - regexp: '^.+\fc37\.x86_64USD' 6 containerImage: "some.other.registry/org/<my_kmod>:USD{KERNEL_FULL_VERSION}" - regexp: '^.+USD' 7 containerImage: "some.registry/org/<my_kmod>:USD{KERNEL_FULL_VERSION}" build: buildArgs: 8 - name: ARG_NAME value: <some_value> secrets: - name: <some_kubernetes_secret> 9 baseImageRegistryTLS: 10 insecure: false insecureSkipTLSVerify: false 11 dockerfileConfigMap: 12 name: <my_kmod_dockerfile> sign: certSecret: name: <cert_secret> 13 keySecret: name: <key_secret> 14 filesToSign: - /opt/lib/modules/USD{KERNEL_FULL_VERSION}/<my_kmod>.ko registryTLS: 15 insecure: false 16 insecureSkipTLSVerify: false serviceAccountName: <sa_module_loader> 17 devicePlugin: 18 container: image: some.registry/org/device-plugin:latest 19 env: - name: MY_DEVICE_PLUGIN_ENV_VAR value: SOME_VALUE volumeMounts: 20 - mountPath: /some/mountPath name: <device_plugin_volume> volumes: 21 - name: <device_plugin_volume> configMap: name: <some_configmap> serviceAccountName: <sa_device_plugin> 22 imageRepoSecret: 23 name: <secret_name> selector: node-role.kubernetes.io/worker: "" 1 1 1 Required. 2 Optional. 3 Optional: Copies /firmware/* into /var/lib/firmware/ on the node. 4 Optional. 5 At least one kernel item is required. 6 For each node running a kernel matching the regular expression, KMM creates a DaemonSet resource running the image specified in containerImage with USD{KERNEL_FULL_VERSION} replaced with the kernel version. 7 For any other kernel, build the image using the Dockerfile in the my-kmod ConfigMap. 8 Optional. 9 Optional: A value for some-kubernetes-secret can be obtained from the build environment at /run/secrets/some-kubernetes-secret . 10 Optional: Avoid using this parameter. If set to true , the build is allowed to pull the image in the Dockerfile FROM instruction using plain HTTP. 11 Optional: Avoid using this parameter. If set to true , the build will skip any TLS server certificate validation when pulling the image in the Dockerfile FROM instruction using plain HTTP. 12 Required. 13 Required: A secret holding the public secureboot key with the key 'cert'. 14 Required: A secret holding the private secureboot key with the key 'key'. 15 Optional: Avoid using this parameter. If set to true , KMM will be allowed to check if the container image already exists using plain HTTP. 16 Optional: Avoid using this parameter. If set to true , KMM will skip any TLS server certificate validation when checking if the container image already exists. 17 Optional. 18 Optional. 19 Required: If the device plugin section is present. 20 Optional. 21 Optional. 22 Optional. 23 Optional: Used to pull module loader and device plugin images. 4.4. Using a ModuleLoader image Kernel Module Management (KMM) works with purpose-built module loader images. These are standard OCI images that must satisfy the following requirements: .ko files must be located in /opt/lib/modules/USD{KERNEL_VERSION} . modprobe and sleep binaries must be defined in the USDPATH variable. 4.4.1. Running depmod If your module loader image contains several kernel modules and if one of the modules depends on another module, it is best practice to run depmod at the end of the build process to generate dependencies and map files. Note You must have a Red Hat subscription to download the kernel-devel package. Procedure To generate modules.dep and .map files for a specific kernel version, run depmod -b /opt USD{KERNEL_VERSION} . 4.4.1.1. Example Dockerfile If you are building your image on OpenShift Container Platform, consider using the Driver Tool Kit (DTK). For further information, see using an entitled build . apiVersion: v1 kind: ConfigMap metadata: name: kmm-ci-dockerfile data: dockerfile: | ARG DTK_AUTO FROM USD{DTK_AUTO} as builder ARG KERNEL_VERSION WORKDIR /usr/src RUN ["git", "clone", "https://github.com/rh-ecosystem-edge/kernel-module-management.git"] WORKDIR /usr/src/kernel-module-management/ci/kmm-kmod RUN KERNEL_SRC_DIR=/lib/modules/USD{KERNEL_VERSION}/build make all FROM registry.redhat.io/ubi8/ubi-minimal ARG KERNEL_VERSION RUN microdnf install kmod COPY --from=builder /usr/src/kernel-module-management/ci/kmm-kmod/kmm_ci_a.ko /opt/lib/modules/USD{KERNEL_VERSION}/ COPY --from=builder /usr/src/kernel-module-management/ci/kmm-kmod/kmm_ci_b.ko /opt/lib/modules/USD{KERNEL_VERSION}/ RUN depmod -b /opt USD{KERNEL_VERSION} Additional resources Driver Toolkit . 4.4.2. Building in the cluster KMM can build module loader images in the cluster. Follow these guidelines: Provide build instructions using the build section of a kernel mapping. Copy the Dockerfile for your container image into a ConfigMap resource, under the dockerfile key. Ensure that the ConfigMap is located in the same namespace as the Module . KMM checks if the image name specified in the containerImage field exists. If it does, the build is skipped. Otherwise, KMM creates a Build resource to build your image. After the image is built, KMM proceeds with the Module reconciliation. See the following example. # ... - regexp: '^.+USD' containerImage: "some.registry/org/<my_kmod>:USD{KERNEL_FULL_VERSION}" build: buildArgs: 1 - name: ARG_NAME value: <some_value> secrets: 2 - name: <some_kubernetes_secret> 3 baseImageRegistryTLS: insecure: false 4 insecureSkipTLSVerify: false 5 dockerfileConfigMap: 6 name: <my_kmod_dockerfile> registryTLS: insecure: false 7 insecureSkipTLSVerify: false 8 1 Optional. 2 Optional. 3 Will be mounted in the build pod as /run/secrets/some-kubernetes-secret . 4 Optional: Avoid using this parameter. If set to true , the build will be allowed to pull the image in the Dockerfile FROM instruction using plain HTTP. 5 Optional: Avoid using this parameter. If set to true , the build will skip any TLS server certificate validation when pulling the image in the Dockerfile FROM instruction using plain HTTP. 6 Required. 7 Optional: Avoid using this parameter. If set to true , KMM will be allowed to check if the container image already exists using plain HTTP. 8 Optional: Avoid using this parameter. If set to true , KMM will skip any TLS server certificate validation when checking if the container image already exists. Additional resources Build configuration resources . 4.4.3. Using the Driver Toolkit The Driver Toolkit (DTK) is a convenient base image for building build module loader images. It contains tools and libraries for the OpenShift version currently running in the cluster. Procedure Use DTK as the first stage of a multi-stage Dockerfile . Build the kernel modules. Copy the .ko files into a smaller end-user image such as ubi-minimal . To leverage DTK in your in-cluster build, use the DTK_AUTO build argument. The value is automatically set by KMM when creating the Build resource. See the following example. ARG DTK_AUTO FROM USD{DTK_AUTO} as builder ARG KERNEL_VERSION WORKDIR /usr/src RUN ["git", "clone", "https://github.com/rh-ecosystem-edge/kernel-module-management.git"] WORKDIR /usr/src/kernel-module-management/ci/kmm-kmod RUN KERNEL_SRC_DIR=/lib/modules/USD{KERNEL_VERSION}/build make all FROM registry.redhat.io/ubi8/ubi-minimal ARG KERNEL_VERSION RUN microdnf install kmod COPY --from=builder /usr/src/kernel-module-management/ci/kmm-kmod/kmm_ci_a.ko /opt/lib/modules/USD{KERNEL_VERSION}/ COPY --from=builder /usr/src/kernel-module-management/ci/kmm-kmod/kmm_ci_b.ko /opt/lib/modules/USD{KERNEL_VERSION}/ RUN depmod -b /opt USD{KERNEL_VERSION} Additional resources Driver Toolkit . 4.5. Using signing with Kernel Module Management (KMM) On a Secure Boot enabled system, all kernel modules (kmods) must be signed with a public/private key-pair enrolled into the Machine Owner's Key (MOK) database. Drivers distributed as part of a distribution should already be signed by the distribution's private key, but for kernel modules build out-of-tree, KMM supports signing kernel modules using the sign section of the kernel mapping. For more details on using Secure Boot, see Generating a public and private key pair Prerequisites A public private key pair in the correct (DER) format. At least one secure-boot enabled node with the public key enrolled in its MOK database. Either a pre-built driver container image, or the source code and Dockerfile needed to build one in-cluster. 4.6. Adding the keys for secureboot To use KMM Kernel Module Management (KMM) to sign kernel modules, a certificate and private key are required. For details on how to create these, see Generating a public and private key pair . For details on how to extract the public and private key pair, see Signing kernel modules with the private key . Use steps 1 through 4 to extract the keys into files. Procedure Create the sb_cert.cer file that contains the certificate and the sb_cert.priv file that contains the private key: USD openssl req -x509 -new -nodes -utf8 -sha256 -days 36500 -batch -config configuration_file.config -outform DER -out my_signing_key_pub.der -keyout my_signing_key.priv Add the files by using one of the following methods: Add the files as secrets directly: USD oc create secret generic my-signing-key --from-file=key=<my_signing_key.priv> USD oc create secret generic my-signing-key-pub --from-file=cert=<my_signing_key_pub.der> Add the files by base64 encoding them: USD cat sb_cert.priv | base64 -w 0 > my_signing_key2.base64 USD cat sb_cert.cer | base64 -w 0 > my_signing_key_pub.base64 Add the encoded text to a YAML file: apiVersion: v1 kind: Secret metadata: name: my-signing-key-pub namespace: default 1 type: Opaque data: cert: <base64_encoded_secureboot_public_key> --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Secret metadata: name: my-signing-key namespace: default 2 type: Opaque data: key: <base64_encoded_secureboot_private_key> 1 2 namespace - Replace default with a valid namespace. Apply the YAML file: USD oc apply -f <yaml_filename> 4.6.1. Checking the keys After you have added the keys, you must check them to ensure they are set correctly. Procedure Check to ensure the public key secret is set correctly: USD oc get secret -o yaml <certificate secret name> | awk '/cert/{print USD2; exit}' | base64 -d | openssl x509 -inform der -text This should display a certificate with a Serial Number, Issuer, Subject, and more. Check to ensure the private key secret is set correctly: USD oc get secret -o yaml <private key secret name> | awk '/key/{print USD2; exit}' | base64 -d This should display the key enclosed in the -----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY----- and -----END PRIVATE KEY----- lines. 4.7. Signing a pre-built driver container Use this procedure if you have a pre-built image, such as an image either distributed by a hardware vendor or built elsewhere. The following YAML file adds the public/private key-pair as secrets with the required key names - key for the private key, cert for the public key. The cluster then pulls down the unsignedImage image, opens it, signs the kernel modules listed in filesToSign , adds them back, and pushes the resulting image as containerImage . Kernel Module Management (KMM) should then deploy the DaemonSet that loads the signed kmods onto all the nodes that match the selector. The driver containers should run successfully on any nodes that have the public key in their MOK database, and any nodes that are not secure-boot enabled, which ignore the signature. They should fail to load on any that have secure-boot enabled but do not have that key in their MOK database. Prerequisites The keySecret and certSecret secrets have been created. Procedure Apply the YAML file: --- apiVersion: kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io/v1beta1 kind: Module metadata: name: example-module spec: moduleLoader: serviceAccountName: default container: modprobe: 1 moduleName: '<your module name>' kernelMappings: # the kmods will be deployed on all nodes in the cluster with a kernel that matches the regexp - regexp: '^.*\.x86_64USD' # the container to produce containing the signed kmods containerImage: <image name e.g. quay.io/myuser/my-driver:<kernelversion>-signed> sign: # the image containing the unsigned kmods (we need this because we are not building the kmods within the cluster) unsignedImage: <image name e.g. quay.io/myuser/my-driver:<kernelversion> > keySecret: # a secret holding the private secureboot key with the key 'key' name: <private key secret name> certSecret: # a secret holding the public secureboot key with the key 'cert' name: <certificate secret name> filesToSign: # full path within the unsignedImage container to the kmod(s) to sign - /opt/lib/modules/4.18.0-348.2.1.el8_5.x86_64/kmm_ci_a.ko imageRepoSecret: # the name of a secret containing credentials to pull unsignedImage and push containerImage to the registry name: repo-pull-secret selector: kubernetes.io/arch: amd64 1 modprobe - The name of the kmod to load. 4.8. Building and signing a ModuleLoader container image Use this procedure if you have source code and must build your image first. The following YAML file builds a new container image using the source code from the repository. The image produced is saved back in the registry with a temporary name, and this temporary image is then signed using the parameters in the sign section. The temporary image name is based on the final image name and is set to be <containerImage>:<tag>-<namespace>_<module name>_kmm_unsigned . For example, using the following YAML file, Kernel Module Management (KMM) builds an image named example.org/repository/minimal-driver:final-default_example-module_kmm_unsigned containing the build with unsigned kmods and push it to the registry. Then it creates a second image named example.org/repository/minimal-driver:final that contains the signed kmods. It is this second image that is loaded by the DaemonSet object and deploys the kmods to the cluster nodes. After it is signed, the temporary image can be safely deleted from the registry. It will be rebuilt, if needed. Prerequisites The keySecret and certSecret secrets have been created. Procedure Apply the YAML file: --- apiVersion: v1 kind: ConfigMap metadata: name: example-module-dockerfile namespace: default 1 data: Dockerfile: | ARG DTK_AUTO ARG KERNEL_VERSION FROM USD{DTK_AUTO} as builder WORKDIR /build/ RUN git clone -b main --single-branch https://github.com/rh-ecosystem-edge/kernel-module-management.git WORKDIR kernel-module-management/ci/kmm-kmod/ RUN make FROM registry.access.redhat.com/ubi8/ubi:latest ARG KERNEL_VERSION RUN yum -y install kmod && yum clean all RUN mkdir -p /opt/lib/modules/USD{KERNEL_VERSION} COPY --from=builder /build/kernel-module-management/ci/kmm-kmod/*.ko /opt/lib/modules/USD{KERNEL_VERSION}/ RUN /usr/sbin/depmod -b /opt --- apiVersion: kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io/v1beta1 kind: Module metadata: name: example-module namespace: default 2 spec: moduleLoader: serviceAccountName: default 3 container: modprobe: moduleName: simple_kmod kernelMappings: - regexp: '^.*\.x86_64USD' containerImage: < the name of the final driver container to produce> build: dockerfileConfigMap: name: example-module-dockerfile sign: keySecret: name: <private key secret name> certSecret: name: <certificate secret name> filesToSign: - /opt/lib/modules/4.18.0-348.2.1.el8_5.x86_64/kmm_ci_a.ko imageRepoSecret: 4 name: repo-pull-secret selector: # top-level selector kubernetes.io/arch: amd64 1 2 namespace - Replace default with a valid namespace. 3 serviceAccountName - The default serviceAccountName does not have the required permissions to run a module that is privileged. For information on creating a service account, see "Creating service accounts" in the "Additional resources" of this section. 4 imageRepoSecret - Used as imagePullSecrets in the DaemonSet object and to pull and push for the build and sign features. Additional resources For information on creating a service account, see Creating service accounts . 4.9. Debugging and troubleshooting If the kmods in your driver container are not signed or are signed with the wrong key, then the container can enter a PostStartHookError or CrashLoopBackOff status. You can verify by running the oc describe command on your container, which displays the following message in this scenario: modprobe: ERROR: could not insert '<your_kmod_name>': Required key not available 4.10. KMM firmware support Kernel modules sometimes need to load firmware files from the file system. KMM supports copying firmware files from the ModuleLoader image to the node's file system. The contents of .spec.moduleLoader.container.modprobe.firmwarePath are copied into the /var/lib/firmware path on the node before running the modprobe command to insert the kernel module. All files and empty directories are removed from that location before running the modprobe -r command to unload the kernel module, when the pod is terminated. Additional resources Creating a ModuleLoader image . 4.10.1. Configuring the lookup path on nodes On OpenShift Container Platform nodes, the set of default lookup paths for firmwares does not include the /var/lib/firmware path. Procedure Use the Machine Config Operator to create a MachineConfig custom resource (CR) that contains the /var/lib/firmware path: apiVersion: machineconfiguration.openshift.io/v1 kind: MachineConfig metadata: labels: machineconfiguration.openshift.io/role: worker 1 name: 99-worker-kernel-args-firmware-path spec: kernelArguments: - 'firmware_class.path=/var/lib/firmware' 1 You can configure the label based on your needs. In the case of single-node OpenShift, use either control-pane or master objects. By applying the MachineConfig CR, the nodes are automatically rebooted. Additional resources Machine Config Operator . 4.10.2. Building a ModuleLoader image Procedure In addition to building the kernel module itself, include the binary firmware in the builder image: FROM registry.redhat.io/ubi8/ubi-minimal as builder # Build the kmod RUN ["mkdir", "/firmware"] RUN ["curl", "-o", "/firmware/firmware.bin", "https://artifacts.example.com/firmware.bin"] FROM registry.redhat.io/ubi8/ubi-minimal # Copy the kmod, install modprobe, run depmod COPY --from=builder /firmware /firmware 4.10.3. Tuning the Module resource Procedure Set .spec.moduleLoader.container.modprobe.firmwarePath in the Module custom resource (CR): apiVersion: kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io/v1beta1 kind: Module metadata: name: my-kmod spec: moduleLoader: container: modprobe: moduleName: my-kmod # Required firmwarePath: /firmware 1 1 Optional: Copies /firmware/* into /var/lib/firmware/ on the node. 4.11. Troubleshooting KMM When troubleshooting KMM installation issues, you can monitor logs to determine at which stage issues occur. Then, retrieve diagnostic data relevant to that stage. 4.11.1. Using the must-gather tool The oc adm must-gather command is the preferred way to collect a support bundle and provide debugging information to Red Hat Support. Collect specific information by running the command with the appropriate arguments as described in the following sections. Additional resources About the must-gather tool 4.11.1.1. Gathering data for KMM Procedure Gather the data for the KMM Operator controller manager: Set the MUST_GATHER_IMAGE variable: USD export MUST_GATHER_IMAGE=USD(oc get deployment -n openshift-kmm kmm-operator-controller-manager -ojsonpath='{.spec.template.spec.containers[?(@.name=="manager")].env[?(@.name=="RELATED_IMAGES_MUST_GATHER")].value}') Note Use the -n <namespace> switch to specify a namespace if you installed KMM in a custom namespace. Run the must-gather tool: USD oc adm must-gather --image="USD{MUST_GATHER_IMAGE}" -- /usr/bin/gather View the Operator logs: USD oc logs -fn openshift-kmm deployments/kmm-operator-controller-manager Example 4.1. Example output I0228 09:36:37.352405 1 request.go:682] Waited for 1.001998746s due to client-side throttling, not priority and fairness, request: GET:https://172.30.0.1:443/apis/machine.openshift.io/v1beta1?timeout=32s I0228 09:36:40.767060 1 listener.go:44] kmm/controller-runtime/metrics "msg"="Metrics server is starting to listen" "addr"="127.0.0.1:8080" I0228 09:36:40.769483 1 main.go:234] kmm/setup "msg"="starting manager" I0228 09:36:40.769907 1 internal.go:366] kmm "msg"="Starting server" "addr"={"IP":"127.0.0.1","Port":8080,"Zone":""} "kind"="metrics" "path"="/metrics" I0228 09:36:40.770025 1 internal.go:366] kmm "msg"="Starting server" "addr"={"IP":"::","Port":8081,"Zone":""} "kind"="health probe" I0228 09:36:40.770128 1 leaderelection.go:248] attempting to acquire leader lease openshift-kmm/kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io... I0228 09:36:40.784396 1 leaderelection.go:258] successfully acquired lease openshift-kmm/kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io I0228 09:36:40.784876 1 controller.go:185] kmm "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="Module" "controllerGroup"="kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="Module" "source"="kind source: *v1beta1.Module" I0228 09:36:40.784925 1 controller.go:185] kmm "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="Module" "controllerGroup"="kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="Module" "source"="kind source: *v1.DaemonSet" I0228 09:36:40.784968 1 controller.go:185] kmm "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="Module" "controllerGroup"="kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="Module" "source"="kind source: *v1.Build" I0228 09:36:40.785001 1 controller.go:185] kmm "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="Module" "controllerGroup"="kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="Module" "source"="kind source: *v1.Job" I0228 09:36:40.785025 1 controller.go:185] kmm "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="Module" "controllerGroup"="kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="Module" "source"="kind source: *v1.Node" I0228 09:36:40.785039 1 controller.go:193] kmm "msg"="Starting Controller" "controller"="Module" "controllerGroup"="kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="Module" I0228 09:36:40.785458 1 controller.go:185] kmm "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="PodNodeModule" "controllerGroup"="" "controllerKind"="Pod" "source"="kind source: *v1.Pod" I0228 09:36:40.786947 1 controller.go:185] kmm "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="PreflightValidation" "controllerGroup"="kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="PreflightValidation" "source"="kind source: *v1beta1.PreflightValidation" I0228 09:36:40.787406 1 controller.go:185] kmm "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="PreflightValidation" "controllerGroup"="kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="PreflightValidation" "source"="kind source: *v1.Build" I0228 09:36:40.787474 1 controller.go:185] kmm "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="PreflightValidation" "controllerGroup"="kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="PreflightValidation" "source"="kind source: *v1.Job" I0228 09:36:40.787488 1 controller.go:185] kmm "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="PreflightValidation" "controllerGroup"="kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="PreflightValidation" "source"="kind source: *v1beta1.Module" I0228 09:36:40.787603 1 controller.go:185] kmm "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="NodeKernel" "controllerGroup"="" "controllerKind"="Node" "source"="kind source: *v1.Node" I0228 09:36:40.787634 1 controller.go:193] kmm "msg"="Starting Controller" "controller"="NodeKernel" "controllerGroup"="" "controllerKind"="Node" I0228 09:36:40.787680 1 controller.go:193] kmm "msg"="Starting Controller" "controller"="PreflightValidation" "controllerGroup"="kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="PreflightValidation" I0228 09:36:40.785607 1 controller.go:185] kmm "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="imagestream" "controllerGroup"="image.openshift.io" "controllerKind"="ImageStream" "source"="kind source: *v1.ImageStream" I0228 09:36:40.787822 1 controller.go:185] kmm "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="preflightvalidationocp" "controllerGroup"="kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="PreflightValidationOCP" "source"="kind source: *v1beta1.PreflightValidationOCP" I0228 09:36:40.787853 1 controller.go:193] kmm "msg"="Starting Controller" "controller"="imagestream" "controllerGroup"="image.openshift.io" "controllerKind"="ImageStream" I0228 09:36:40.787879 1 controller.go:185] kmm "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="preflightvalidationocp" "controllerGroup"="kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="PreflightValidationOCP" "source"="kind source: *v1beta1.PreflightValidation" I0228 09:36:40.787905 1 controller.go:193] kmm "msg"="Starting Controller" "controller"="preflightvalidationocp" "controllerGroup"="kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="PreflightValidationOCP" I0228 09:36:40.786489 1 controller.go:193] kmm "msg"="Starting Controller" "controller"="PodNodeModule" "controllerGroup"="" "controllerKind"="Pod" 4.11.1.2. Gathering data for KMM-Hub Procedure Gather the data for the KMM Operator hub controller manager: Set the MUST_GATHER_IMAGE variable: USD export MUST_GATHER_IMAGE=USD(oc get deployment -n openshift-kmm-hub kmm-operator-hub-controller-manager -ojsonpath='{.spec.template.spec.containers[?(@.name=="manager")].env[?(@.name=="RELATED_IMAGES_MUST_GATHER")].value}') Note Use the -n <namespace> switch to specify a namespace if you installed KMM in a custom namespace. Run the must-gather tool: USD oc adm must-gather --image="USD{MUST_GATHER_IMAGE}" -- /usr/bin/gather -u View the Operator logs: USD oc logs -fn openshift-kmm-hub deployments/kmm-operator-hub-controller-manager Example 4.2. Example output I0417 11:34:08.807472 1 request.go:682] Waited for 1.023403273s due to client-side throttling, not priority and fairness, request: GET:https://172.30.0.1:443/apis/tuned.openshift.io/v1?timeout=32s I0417 11:34:12.373413 1 listener.go:44] kmm-hub/controller-runtime/metrics "msg"="Metrics server is starting to listen" "addr"="127.0.0.1:8080" I0417 11:34:12.376253 1 main.go:150] kmm-hub/setup "msg"="Adding controller" "name"="ManagedClusterModule" I0417 11:34:12.376621 1 main.go:186] kmm-hub/setup "msg"="starting manager" I0417 11:34:12.377690 1 leaderelection.go:248] attempting to acquire leader lease openshift-kmm-hub/kmm-hub.sigs.x-k8s.io... I0417 11:34:12.378078 1 internal.go:366] kmm-hub "msg"="Starting server" "addr"={"IP":"127.0.0.1","Port":8080,"Zone":""} "kind"="metrics" "path"="/metrics" I0417 11:34:12.378222 1 internal.go:366] kmm-hub "msg"="Starting server" "addr"={"IP":"::","Port":8081,"Zone":""} "kind"="health probe" I0417 11:34:12.395703 1 leaderelection.go:258] successfully acquired lease openshift-kmm-hub/kmm-hub.sigs.x-k8s.io I0417 11:34:12.396334 1 controller.go:185] kmm-hub "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="ManagedClusterModule" "controllerGroup"="hub.kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="ManagedClusterModule" "source"="kind source: *v1beta1.ManagedClusterModule" I0417 11:34:12.396403 1 controller.go:185] kmm-hub "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="ManagedClusterModule" "controllerGroup"="hub.kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="ManagedClusterModule" "source"="kind source: *v1.ManifestWork" I0417 11:34:12.396430 1 controller.go:185] kmm-hub "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="ManagedClusterModule" "controllerGroup"="hub.kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="ManagedClusterModule" "source"="kind source: *v1.Build" I0417 11:34:12.396469 1 controller.go:185] kmm-hub "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="ManagedClusterModule" "controllerGroup"="hub.kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="ManagedClusterModule" "source"="kind source: *v1.Job" I0417 11:34:12.396522 1 controller.go:185] kmm-hub "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="ManagedClusterModule" "controllerGroup"="hub.kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="ManagedClusterModule" "source"="kind source: *v1.ManagedCluster" I0417 11:34:12.396543 1 controller.go:193] kmm-hub "msg"="Starting Controller" "controller"="ManagedClusterModule" "controllerGroup"="hub.kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="ManagedClusterModule" I0417 11:34:12.397175 1 controller.go:185] kmm-hub "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="imagestream" "controllerGroup"="image.openshift.io" "controllerKind"="ImageStream" "source"="kind source: *v1.ImageStream" I0417 11:34:12.397221 1 controller.go:193] kmm-hub "msg"="Starting Controller" "controller"="imagestream" "controllerGroup"="image.openshift.io" "controllerKind"="ImageStream" I0417 11:34:12.498335 1 filter.go:196] kmm-hub "msg"="Listing all ManagedClusterModules" "managedcluster"="local-cluster" I0417 11:34:12.498570 1 filter.go:205] kmm-hub "msg"="Listed ManagedClusterModules" "count"=0 "managedcluster"="local-cluster" I0417 11:34:12.498629 1 filter.go:238] kmm-hub "msg"="Adding reconciliation requests" "count"=0 "managedcluster"="local-cluster" I0417 11:34:12.498687 1 filter.go:196] kmm-hub "msg"="Listing all ManagedClusterModules" "managedcluster"="sno1-0" I0417 11:34:12.498750 1 filter.go:205] kmm-hub "msg"="Listed ManagedClusterModules" "count"=0 "managedcluster"="sno1-0" I0417 11:34:12.498801 1 filter.go:238] kmm-hub "msg"="Adding reconciliation requests" "count"=0 "managedcluster"="sno1-0" I0417 11:34:12.501947 1 controller.go:227] kmm-hub "msg"="Starting workers" "controller"="imagestream" "controllerGroup"="image.openshift.io" "controllerKind"="ImageStream" "worker count"=1 I0417 11:34:12.501948 1 controller.go:227] kmm-hub "msg"="Starting workers" "controller"="ManagedClusterModule" "controllerGroup"="hub.kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="ManagedClusterModule" "worker count"=1 I0417 11:34:12.502285 1 imagestream_reconciler.go:50] kmm-hub "msg"="registered imagestream info mapping" "ImageStream"={"name":"driver-toolkit","namespace":"openshift"} "controller"="imagestream" "controllerGroup"="image.openshift.io" "controllerKind"="ImageStream" "dtkImage"="quay.io/openshift-release-dev/ocp-v4.0-art-dev@sha256:df42b4785a7a662b30da53bdb0d206120cf4d24b45674227b16051ba4b7c3934" "name"="driver-toolkit" "namespace"="openshift" "osImageVersion"="412.86.202302211547-0" "reconcileID"="e709ff0a-5664-4007-8270-49b5dff8bae9" 4.12. KMM hub and spoke In hub and spoke scenarios, many spoke clusters are connected to a central, powerful hub cluster. Kernel Module Management (KMM) depends on Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management (RHACM) to operate in hub and spoke environments. KMM is compatible with hub and spoke environments through decoupling KMM features. A ManagedClusterModule Custom Resource Definition (CRD) is provided to wrap the existing Module CRD and extend it to select Spoke clusters. Also provided is KMM-Hub, a new standalone controller that builds images and signs modules on the hub cluster. In hub and spoke setups, spokes are focused, resource-constrained clusters that are centrally managed by a hub cluster. Spokes run the single-cluster edition of KMM, with those resource-intensive features disabled. To adapt KMM to this environment, you should reduce the workload running on the spokes to the minimum, while the hub takes care of the expensive tasks. Building kernel module images and signing the .ko files, should run on the hub. The scheduling of the Module Loader and Device Plugin DaemonSets can only happen on the spokes. Additional resources Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management (RHACM) 4.12.1. KMM-Hub The KMM project provides KMM-Hub, an edition of KMM dedicated to hub clusters. KMM-Hub monitors all kernel versions running on the spokes and determines the nodes on the cluster that should receive a kernel module. KMM-Hub runs all compute-intensive tasks such as image builds and kmod signing, and prepares the trimmed-down Module to be transferred to the spokes through RHACM. Note KMM-Hub cannot be used to load kernel modules on the hub cluster. Install the regular edition of KMM to load kernel modules. Additional resources Installing KMM 4.12.2. Installing KMM-Hub You can use one of the following methods to install KMM-Hub: Using the Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) Creating KMM resources Additional resources KMM Operator bundle 4.12.2.1. Installing KMM-Hub using the Operator Lifecycle Manager Use the Operators section of the OpenShift console to install KMM-Hub. 4.12.2.2. Installing KMM-Hub by creating KMM resources Procedure If you want to install KMM-Hub programmatically, you can use the following resources to create the Namespace , OperatorGroup and Subscription resources: --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Namespace metadata: name: openshift-kmm-hub --- apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1 kind: OperatorGroup metadata: name: kernel-module-management-hub namespace: openshift-kmm-hub --- apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1 kind: Subscription metadata: name: kernel-module-management-hub namespace: openshift-kmm-hub spec: channel: stable installPlanApproval: Automatic name: kernel-module-management-hub source: redhat-operators sourceNamespace: openshift-marketplace 4.12.3. Using the ManagedClusterModule CRD Use the ManagedClusterModule Custom Resource Definition (CRD) to configure the deployment of kernel modules on spoke clusters. This CRD is cluster-scoped, wraps a Module spec and adds the following additional fields: apiVersion: hub.kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io/v1beta1 kind: ManagedClusterModule metadata: name: <my-mcm> # No namespace, because this resource is cluster-scoped. spec: moduleSpec: 1 selector: 2 node-wants-my-mcm: 'true' spokeNamespace: <some-namespace> 3 selector: 4 wants-my-mcm: 'true' 1 moduleSpec : Contains moduleLoader and devicePlugin sections, similar to a Module resource. 2 Selects nodes within the ManagedCluster . 3 Specifies in which namespace the Module should be created. 4 Selects ManagedCluster objects. If build or signing instructions are present in .spec.moduleSpec , those pods are run on the hub cluster in the operator's namespace. When the .spec.selector matches one or more ManagedCluster resources, then KMM-Hub creates a ManifestWork resource in the corresponding namespace(s). ManifestWork contains a trimmed-down Module resource, with kernel mappings preserved but all build and sign subsections are removed. containerImage fields that contain image names ending with a tag are replaced with their digest equivalent. 4.12.4. Running KMM on the spoke After installing KMM on the spoke, no further action is required. Create a ManagedClusterModule object from the hub to deploy kernel modules on spoke clusters. Procedure You can install KMM on the spokes cluster through a RHACM Policy object. In addition to installing KMM from the Operator hub and running it in a lightweight spoke mode, the Policy configures additional RBAC required for the RHACM agent to be able to manage Module resources. Use the following RHACM policy to install KMM on spoke clusters: 1 The spec.clusterSelector field can be customized to target select clusters only.

Commands:
apiVersion: v1 kind: Namespace metadata: name: openshift-kmm
apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1 kind: OperatorGroup metadata: name: kernel-module-management namespace: openshift-kmm
apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1 kind: Subscription metadata: name: kernel-module-management namespace: openshift-kmm spec: channel: release-1.0 installPlanApproval: Automatic name: kernel-module-management source: redhat-operators sourceNamespace: openshift-marketplace startingCSV: kernel-module-management.v1.0.0
oc create -f kmm-sub.yaml
oc get -n openshift-kmm deployments.apps kmm-operator-controller-manager
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE kmm-operator-controller-manager 1/1 1 1 97s
apiVersion: v1 kind: Namespace metadata: name: openshift-kmm
allowHostDirVolumePlugin: false allowHostIPC: false allowHostNetwork: false allowHostPID: false allowHostPorts: false allowPrivilegeEscalation: false allowPrivilegedContainer: false allowedCapabilities: - NET_BIND_SERVICE apiVersion: security.openshift.io/v1 defaultAddCapabilities: null fsGroup: type: MustRunAs groups: [] kind: SecurityContextConstraints metadata: name: restricted-v2 priority: null readOnlyRootFilesystem: false requiredDropCapabilities: - ALL runAsUser: type: MustRunAsRange seLinuxContext: type: MustRunAs seccompProfiles: - runtime/default supplementalGroups: type: RunAsAny users: [] volumes: - configMap - downwardAPI - emptyDir - persistentVolumeClaim - projected - secret
oc apply -f kmm-security-constraint.yaml
oc adm policy add-scc-to-user kmm-security-constraint -z kmm-operator-controller-manager -n openshift-kmm
apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1 kind: OperatorGroup metadata: name: kernel-module-management namespace: openshift-kmm
apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1 kind: Subscription metadata: name: kernel-module-management namespace: openshift-kmm spec: channel: release-1.0 installPlanApproval: Automatic name: kernel-module-management source: redhat-operators sourceNamespace: openshift-marketplace startingCSV: kernel-module-management.v1.0.0
oc create -f kmm-sub.yaml
oc get -n openshift-kmm deployments.apps kmm-operator-controller-manager
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE kmm-operator-controller-manager 1/1 1 1 97s
oc adm policy add-scc-to-user privileged -z "USD{serviceAccountName}" [ -n "USD{namespace}" ]
apiVersion: kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io/v1beta1 kind: Module metadata: name: <my_kmod> spec: moduleLoader: container: modprobe: moduleName: <my_kmod> 1 dirName: /opt 2 firmwarePath: /firmware 3 parameters: 4 - param=1 kernelMappings: 5 - literal: 6.0.15-300.fc37.x86_64 containerImage: some.registry/org/my-kmod:6.0.15-300.fc37.x86_64 - regexp: '^.+\fc37\.x86_64USD' 6 containerImage: "some.other.registry/org/<my_kmod>:USD{KERNEL_FULL_VERSION}" - regexp: '^.+USD' 7 containerImage: "some.registry/org/<my_kmod>:USD{KERNEL_FULL_VERSION}" build: buildArgs: 8 - name: ARG_NAME value: <some_value> secrets: - name: <some_kubernetes_secret> 9 baseImageRegistryTLS: 10 insecure: false insecureSkipTLSVerify: false 11 dockerfileConfigMap: 12 name: <my_kmod_dockerfile> sign: certSecret: name: <cert_secret> 13 keySecret: name: <key_secret> 14 filesToSign: - /opt/lib/modules/USD{KERNEL_FULL_VERSION}/<my_kmod>.ko registryTLS: 15 insecure: false 16 insecureSkipTLSVerify: false serviceAccountName: <sa_module_loader> 17 devicePlugin: 18 container: image: some.registry/org/device-plugin:latest 19 env: - name: MY_DEVICE_PLUGIN_ENV_VAR value: SOME_VALUE volumeMounts: 20 - mountPath: /some/mountPath name: <device_plugin_volume> volumes: 21 - name: <device_plugin_volume> configMap: name: <some_configmap> serviceAccountName: <sa_device_plugin> 22 imageRepoSecret: 23 name: <secret_name> selector: node-role.kubernetes.io/worker: ""
apiVersion: v1 kind: ConfigMap metadata: name: kmm-ci-dockerfile data: dockerfile: | ARG DTK_AUTO FROM USD{DTK_AUTO} as builder ARG KERNEL_VERSION WORKDIR /usr/src RUN ["git", "clone", "https://github.com/rh-ecosystem-edge/kernel-module-management.git"] WORKDIR /usr/src/kernel-module-management/ci/kmm-kmod RUN KERNEL_SRC_DIR=/lib/modules/USD{KERNEL_VERSION}/build make all FROM registry.redhat.io/ubi8/ubi-minimal ARG KERNEL_VERSION RUN microdnf install kmod COPY --from=builder /usr/src/kernel-module-management/ci/kmm-kmod/kmm_ci_a.ko /opt/lib/modules/USD{KERNEL_VERSION}/ COPY --from=builder /usr/src/kernel-module-management/ci/kmm-kmod/kmm_ci_b.ko /opt/lib/modules/USD{KERNEL_VERSION}/ RUN depmod -b /opt USD{KERNEL_VERSION}
- regexp: '^.+USD' containerImage: "some.registry/org/<my_kmod>:USD{KERNEL_FULL_VERSION}" build: buildArgs: 1 - name: ARG_NAME value: <some_value> secrets: 2 - name: <some_kubernetes_secret> 3 baseImageRegistryTLS: insecure: false 4 insecureSkipTLSVerify: false 5 dockerfileConfigMap: 6 name: <my_kmod_dockerfile> registryTLS: insecure: false 7 insecureSkipTLSVerify: false 8
ARG DTK_AUTO FROM USD{DTK_AUTO} as builder ARG KERNEL_VERSION WORKDIR /usr/src RUN ["git", "clone", "https://github.com/rh-ecosystem-edge/kernel-module-management.git"] WORKDIR /usr/src/kernel-module-management/ci/kmm-kmod RUN KERNEL_SRC_DIR=/lib/modules/USD{KERNEL_VERSION}/build make all FROM registry.redhat.io/ubi8/ubi-minimal ARG KERNEL_VERSION RUN microdnf install kmod COPY --from=builder /usr/src/kernel-module-management/ci/kmm-kmod/kmm_ci_a.ko /opt/lib/modules/USD{KERNEL_VERSION}/ COPY --from=builder /usr/src/kernel-module-management/ci/kmm-kmod/kmm_ci_b.ko /opt/lib/modules/USD{KERNEL_VERSION}/ RUN depmod -b /opt USD{KERNEL_VERSION}
openssl req -x509 -new -nodes -utf8 -sha256 -days 36500 -batch -config configuration_file.config -outform DER -out my_signing_key_pub.der -keyout my_signing_key.priv
oc create secret generic my-signing-key --from-file=key=<my_signing_key.priv>
oc create secret generic my-signing-key-pub --from-file=cert=<my_signing_key_pub.der>
cat sb_cert.priv | base64 -w 0 > my_signing_key2.base64
cat sb_cert.cer | base64 -w 0 > my_signing_key_pub.base64
apiVersion: v1 kind: Secret metadata: name: my-signing-key-pub namespace: default 1 type: Opaque data: cert: <base64_encoded_secureboot_public_key> --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Secret metadata: name: my-signing-key namespace: default 2 type: Opaque data: key: <base64_encoded_secureboot_private_key>
oc apply -f <yaml_filename>
oc get secret -o yaml <certificate secret name> | awk '/cert/{print USD2; exit}' | base64 -d | openssl x509 -inform der -text
oc get secret -o yaml <private key secret name> | awk '/key/{print USD2; exit}' | base64 -d
--- apiVersion: kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io/v1beta1 kind: Module metadata: name: example-module spec: moduleLoader: serviceAccountName: default container: modprobe: 1 moduleName: '<your module name>' kernelMappings: # the kmods will be deployed on all nodes in the cluster with a kernel that matches the regexp - regexp: '^.*\.x86_64USD' # the container to produce containing the signed kmods containerImage: <image name e.g. quay.io/myuser/my-driver:<kernelversion>-signed> sign: # the image containing the unsigned kmods (we need this because we are not building the kmods within the cluster) unsignedImage: <image name e.g. quay.io/myuser/my-driver:<kernelversion> > keySecret: # a secret holding the private secureboot key with the key 'key' name: <private key secret name> certSecret: # a secret holding the public secureboot key with the key 'cert' name: <certificate secret name> filesToSign: # full path within the unsignedImage container to the kmod(s) to sign - /opt/lib/modules/4.18.0-348.2.1.el8_5.x86_64/kmm_ci_a.ko imageRepoSecret: # the name of a secret containing credentials to pull unsignedImage and push containerImage to the registry name: repo-pull-secret selector: kubernetes.io/arch: amd64
--- apiVersion: v1 kind: ConfigMap metadata: name: example-module-dockerfile namespace: default 1 data: Dockerfile: | ARG DTK_AUTO ARG KERNEL_VERSION FROM USD{DTK_AUTO} as builder WORKDIR /build/ RUN git clone -b main --single-branch https://github.com/rh-ecosystem-edge/kernel-module-management.git WORKDIR kernel-module-management/ci/kmm-kmod/ RUN make FROM registry.access.redhat.com/ubi8/ubi:latest ARG KERNEL_VERSION RUN yum -y install kmod && yum clean all RUN mkdir -p /opt/lib/modules/USD{KERNEL_VERSION} COPY --from=builder /build/kernel-module-management/ci/kmm-kmod/*.ko /opt/lib/modules/USD{KERNEL_VERSION}/ RUN /usr/sbin/depmod -b /opt --- apiVersion: kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io/v1beta1 kind: Module metadata: name: example-module namespace: default 2 spec: moduleLoader: serviceAccountName: default 3 container: modprobe: moduleName: simple_kmod kernelMappings: - regexp: '^.*\.x86_64USD' containerImage: < the name of the final driver container to produce> build: dockerfileConfigMap: name: example-module-dockerfile sign: keySecret: name: <private key secret name> certSecret: name: <certificate secret name> filesToSign: - /opt/lib/modules/4.18.0-348.2.1.el8_5.x86_64/kmm_ci_a.ko imageRepoSecret: 4 name: repo-pull-secret selector: # top-level selector kubernetes.io/arch: amd64
modprobe: ERROR: could not insert '<your_kmod_name>': Required key not available
apiVersion: machineconfiguration.openshift.io/v1 kind: MachineConfig metadata: labels: machineconfiguration.openshift.io/role: worker 1 name: 99-worker-kernel-args-firmware-path spec: kernelArguments: - 'firmware_class.path=/var/lib/firmware'
FROM registry.redhat.io/ubi8/ubi-minimal as builder Build the kmod RUN ["mkdir", "/firmware"] RUN ["curl", "-o", "/firmware/firmware.bin", "https://artifacts.example.com/firmware.bin"] FROM registry.redhat.io/ubi8/ubi-minimal Copy the kmod, install modprobe, run depmod COPY --from=builder /firmware /firmware
apiVersion: kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io/v1beta1 kind: Module metadata: name: my-kmod spec: moduleLoader: container: modprobe: moduleName: my-kmod # Required firmwarePath: /firmware 1
export MUST_GATHER_IMAGE=USD(oc get deployment -n openshift-kmm kmm-operator-controller-manager -ojsonpath='{.spec.template.spec.containers[?(@.name=="manager")].env[?(@.name=="RELATED_IMAGES_MUST_GATHER")].value}')
oc adm must-gather --image="USD{MUST_GATHER_IMAGE}" -- /usr/bin/gather
oc logs -fn openshift-kmm deployments/kmm-operator-controller-manager
I0228 09:36:37.352405 1 request.go:682] Waited for 1.001998746s due to client-side throttling, not priority and fairness, request: GET:https://172.30.0.1:443/apis/machine.openshift.io/v1beta1?timeout=32s I0228 09:36:40.767060 1 listener.go:44] kmm/controller-runtime/metrics "msg"="Metrics server is starting to listen" "addr"="127.0.0.1:8080" I0228 09:36:40.769483 1 main.go:234] kmm/setup "msg"="starting manager" I0228 09:36:40.769907 1 internal.go:366] kmm "msg"="Starting server" "addr"={"IP":"127.0.0.1","Port":8080,"Zone":""} "kind"="metrics" "path"="/metrics" I0228 09:36:40.770025 1 internal.go:366] kmm "msg"="Starting server" "addr"={"IP":"::","Port":8081,"Zone":""} "kind"="health probe" I0228 09:36:40.770128 1 leaderelection.go:248] attempting to acquire leader lease openshift-kmm/kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io I0228 09:36:40.784396 1 leaderelection.go:258] successfully acquired lease openshift-kmm/kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io I0228 09:36:40.784876 1 controller.go:185] kmm "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="Module" "controllerGroup"="kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="Module" "source"="kind source: *v1beta1.Module" I0228 09:36:40.784925 1 controller.go:185] kmm "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="Module" "controllerGroup"="kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="Module" "source"="kind source: *v1.DaemonSet" I0228 09:36:40.784968 1 controller.go:185] kmm "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="Module" "controllerGroup"="kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="Module" "source"="kind source: *v1.Build" I0228 09:36:40.785001 1 controller.go:185] kmm "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="Module" "controllerGroup"="kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="Module" "source"="kind source: *v1.Job" I0228 09:36:40.785025 1 controller.go:185] kmm "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="Module" "controllerGroup"="kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="Module" "source"="kind source: *v1.Node" I0228 09:36:40.785039 1 controller.go:193] kmm "msg"="Starting Controller" "controller"="Module" "controllerGroup"="kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="Module" I0228 09:36:40.785458 1 controller.go:185] kmm "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="PodNodeModule" "controllerGroup"="" "controllerKind"="Pod" "source"="kind source: *v1.Pod" I0228 09:36:40.786947 1 controller.go:185] kmm "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="PreflightValidation" "controllerGroup"="kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="PreflightValidation" "source"="kind source: *v1beta1.PreflightValidation" I0228 09:36:40.787406 1 controller.go:185] kmm "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="PreflightValidation" "controllerGroup"="kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="PreflightValidation" "source"="kind source: *v1.Build" I0228 09:36:40.787474 1 controller.go:185] kmm "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="PreflightValidation" "controllerGroup"="kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="PreflightValidation" "source"="kind source: *v1.Job" I0228 09:36:40.787488 1 controller.go:185] kmm "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="PreflightValidation" "controllerGroup"="kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="PreflightValidation" "source"="kind source: *v1beta1.Module" I0228 09:36:40.787603 1 controller.go:185] kmm "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="NodeKernel" "controllerGroup"="" "controllerKind"="Node" "source"="kind source: *v1.Node" I0228 09:36:40.787634 1 controller.go:193] kmm "msg"="Starting Controller" "controller"="NodeKernel" "controllerGroup"="" "controllerKind"="Node" I0228 09:36:40.787680 1 controller.go:193] kmm "msg"="Starting Controller" "controller"="PreflightValidation" "controllerGroup"="kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="PreflightValidation" I0228 09:36:40.785607 1 controller.go:185] kmm "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="imagestream" "controllerGroup"="image.openshift.io" "controllerKind"="ImageStream" "source"="kind source: *v1.ImageStream" I0228 09:36:40.787822 1 controller.go:185] kmm "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="preflightvalidationocp" "controllerGroup"="kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="PreflightValidationOCP" "source"="kind source: *v1beta1.PreflightValidationOCP" I0228 09:36:40.787853 1 controller.go:193] kmm "msg"="Starting Controller" "controller"="imagestream" "controllerGroup"="image.openshift.io" "controllerKind"="ImageStream" I0228 09:36:40.787879 1 controller.go:185] kmm "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="preflightvalidationocp" "controllerGroup"="kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="PreflightValidationOCP" "source"="kind source: *v1beta1.PreflightValidation" I0228 09:36:40.787905 1 controller.go:193] kmm "msg"="Starting Controller" "controller"="preflightvalidationocp" "controllerGroup"="kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="PreflightValidationOCP" I0228 09:36:40.786489 1 controller.go:193] kmm "msg"="Starting Controller" "controller"="PodNodeModule" "controllerGroup"="" "controllerKind"="Pod"
export MUST_GATHER_IMAGE=USD(oc get deployment -n openshift-kmm-hub kmm-operator-hub-controller-manager -ojsonpath='{.spec.template.spec.containers[?(@.name=="manager")].env[?(@.name=="RELATED_IMAGES_MUST_GATHER")].value}')
oc adm must-gather --image="USD{MUST_GATHER_IMAGE}" -- /usr/bin/gather -u
oc logs -fn openshift-kmm-hub deployments/kmm-operator-hub-controller-manager
I0417 11:34:08.807472 1 request.go:682] Waited for 1.023403273s due to client-side throttling, not priority and fairness, request: GET:https://172.30.0.1:443/apis/tuned.openshift.io/v1?timeout=32s I0417 11:34:12.373413 1 listener.go:44] kmm-hub/controller-runtime/metrics "msg"="Metrics server is starting to listen" "addr"="127.0.0.1:8080" I0417 11:34:12.376253 1 main.go:150] kmm-hub/setup "msg"="Adding controller" "name"="ManagedClusterModule" I0417 11:34:12.376621 1 main.go:186] kmm-hub/setup "msg"="starting manager" I0417 11:34:12.377690 1 leaderelection.go:248] attempting to acquire leader lease openshift-kmm-hub/kmm-hub.sigs.x-k8s.io I0417 11:34:12.378078 1 internal.go:366] kmm-hub "msg"="Starting server" "addr"={"IP":"127.0.0.1","Port":8080,"Zone":""} "kind"="metrics" "path"="/metrics" I0417 11:34:12.378222 1 internal.go:366] kmm-hub "msg"="Starting server" "addr"={"IP":"::","Port":8081,"Zone":""} "kind"="health probe" I0417 11:34:12.395703 1 leaderelection.go:258] successfully acquired lease openshift-kmm-hub/kmm-hub.sigs.x-k8s.io I0417 11:34:12.396334 1 controller.go:185] kmm-hub "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="ManagedClusterModule" "controllerGroup"="hub.kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="ManagedClusterModule" "source"="kind source: *v1beta1.ManagedClusterModule" I0417 11:34:12.396403 1 controller.go:185] kmm-hub "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="ManagedClusterModule" "controllerGroup"="hub.kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="ManagedClusterModule" "source"="kind source: *v1.ManifestWork" I0417 11:34:12.396430 1 controller.go:185] kmm-hub "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="ManagedClusterModule" "controllerGroup"="hub.kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="ManagedClusterModule" "source"="kind source: *v1.Build" I0417 11:34:12.396469 1 controller.go:185] kmm-hub "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="ManagedClusterModule" "controllerGroup"="hub.kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="ManagedClusterModule" "source"="kind source: *v1.Job" I0417 11:34:12.396522 1 controller.go:185] kmm-hub "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="ManagedClusterModule" "controllerGroup"="hub.kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="ManagedClusterModule" "source"="kind source: *v1.ManagedCluster" I0417 11:34:12.396543 1 controller.go:193] kmm-hub "msg"="Starting Controller" "controller"="ManagedClusterModule" "controllerGroup"="hub.kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="ManagedClusterModule" I0417 11:34:12.397175 1 controller.go:185] kmm-hub "msg"="Starting EventSource" "controller"="imagestream" "controllerGroup"="image.openshift.io" "controllerKind"="ImageStream" "source"="kind source: *v1.ImageStream" I0417 11:34:12.397221 1 controller.go:193] kmm-hub "msg"="Starting Controller" "controller"="imagestream" "controllerGroup"="image.openshift.io" "controllerKind"="ImageStream" I0417 11:34:12.498335 1 filter.go:196] kmm-hub "msg"="Listing all ManagedClusterModules" "managedcluster"="local-cluster" I0417 11:34:12.498570 1 filter.go:205] kmm-hub "msg"="Listed ManagedClusterModules" "count"=0 "managedcluster"="local-cluster" I0417 11:34:12.498629 1 filter.go:238] kmm-hub "msg"="Adding reconciliation requests" "count"=0 "managedcluster"="local-cluster" I0417 11:34:12.498687 1 filter.go:196] kmm-hub "msg"="Listing all ManagedClusterModules" "managedcluster"="sno1-0" I0417 11:34:12.498750 1 filter.go:205] kmm-hub "msg"="Listed ManagedClusterModules" "count"=0 "managedcluster"="sno1-0" I0417 11:34:12.498801 1 filter.go:238] kmm-hub "msg"="Adding reconciliation requests" "count"=0 "managedcluster"="sno1-0" I0417 11:34:12.501947 1 controller.go:227] kmm-hub "msg"="Starting workers" "controller"="imagestream" "controllerGroup"="image.openshift.io" "controllerKind"="ImageStream" "worker count"=1 I0417 11:34:12.501948 1 controller.go:227] kmm-hub "msg"="Starting workers" "controller"="ManagedClusterModule" "controllerGroup"="hub.kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io" "controllerKind"="ManagedClusterModule" "worker count"=1 I0417 11:34:12.502285 1 imagestream_reconciler.go:50] kmm-hub "msg"="registered imagestream info mapping" "ImageStream"={"name":"driver-toolkit","namespace":"openshift"} "controller"="imagestream" "controllerGroup"="image.openshift.io" "controllerKind"="ImageStream" "dtkImage"="quay.io/openshift-release-dev/ocp-v4.0-art-dev@sha256:df42b4785a7a662b30da53bdb0d206120cf4d24b45674227b16051ba4b7c3934" "name"="driver-toolkit" "namespace"="openshift" "osImageVersion"="412.86.202302211547-0" "reconcileID"="e709ff0a-5664-4007-8270-49b5dff8bae9"
--- apiVersion: v1 kind: Namespace metadata: name: openshift-kmm-hub --- apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1 kind: OperatorGroup metadata: name: kernel-module-management-hub namespace: openshift-kmm-hub --- apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1 kind: Subscription metadata: name: kernel-module-management-hub namespace: openshift-kmm-hub spec: channel: stable installPlanApproval: Automatic name: kernel-module-management-hub source: redhat-operators sourceNamespace: openshift-marketplace
apiVersion: hub.kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io/v1beta1 kind: ManagedClusterModule metadata: name: <my-mcm> # No namespace, because this resource is cluster-scoped. spec: moduleSpec: 1 selector: 2 node-wants-my-mcm: 'true' spokeNamespace: <some-namespace> 3 selector: 4 wants-my-mcm: 'true'
--- apiVersion: policy.open-cluster-management.io/v1 kind: Policy metadata: name: install-kmm spec: remediationAction: enforce disabled: false policy-templates: - objectDefinition: apiVersion: policy.open-cluster-management.io/v1 kind: ConfigurationPolicy metadata: name: install-kmm spec: severity: high object-templates: - complianceType: mustonlyhave objectDefinition: apiVersion: v1 kind: Namespace metadata: name: openshift-kmm - complianceType: mustonlyhave objectDefinition: apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1 kind: OperatorGroup metadata: name: kmm namespace: openshift-kmm spec: upgradeStrategy: Default - complianceType: mustonlyhave objectDefinition: apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1 kind: Subscription metadata: name: kernel-module-management namespace: openshift-kmm spec: channel: stable config: env: - name: KMM_MANAGED value: "1" installPlanApproval: Automatic name: kernel-module-management source: redhat-operators sourceNamespace: openshift-marketplace - complianceType: mustonlyhave objectDefinition: apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: ClusterRole metadata: name: kmm-module-manager rules: - apiGroups: [kmm.sigs.x-k8s.io] resources: [modules] verbs: [create, delete, get, list, patch, update, watch] - complianceType: mustonlyhave objectDefinition: apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: ClusterRoleBinding metadata: name: klusterlet-kmm subjects: - kind: ServiceAccount name: klusterlet-work-sa namespace: open-cluster-management-agent roleRef: kind: ClusterRole name: kmm-module-manager apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io --- apiVersion: apps.open-cluster-management.io/v1 kind: PlacementRule metadata: name: all-managed-clusters spec: clusterSelector: 1 matchExpressions: [] --- apiVersion: policy.open-cluster-management.io/v1 kind: PlacementBinding metadata: name: install-kmm placementRef: apiGroup: apps.open-cluster-management.io kind: PlacementRule name: all-managed-clusters subjects: - apiGroup: policy.open-cluster-management.io kind: Policy name: install-kmm