Chapter 9. Connecting to an instance You can access an instance from a location external to the cloud by using a remote shell such as SSH or WinRM, when you have allowed the protocol in the instance security group rules. You can also connect directly to the console of an instance, so that you can debug even if the network connection fails. Note If you did not provide a key pair to the instance, or allocate a security group to the instance, you can access the instance only from inside the cloud by using VNC. You cannot ping the instance. Note To execute openstack client commands on the cloud, you must specify the name of the cloud detailed in your clouds.yaml file. You can specify the name of the cloud by using one of the following methods: Use the --os-cloud option with each command, for example: Use this option if you access more than one cloud. Create an environment variable for the cloud name in your bashrc file: 9.1. Accessing an instance console You can connect directly to the VNC console for an instance by entering the VNC console URL in a browser. Prerequisites The administrator has created a project for you and they have provided you with a clouds.yaml file for you to access the cloud. You have installed the python-openstackclient package. Procedure To display the VNC console URL for an instance, enter the following command: To connect directly to the VNC console, enter the displayed URL in a browser. 9.2. Logging in to an instance You can log in to public instances remotely. Prerequisites You have the key pair certificate for the instance. The certificate is downloaded when the key pair is created. If you did not create the key pair yourself, ask your administrator. The instance is configured as a public instance. For more information on the requirements of a public instance, see Providing public access to an instance . You have a cloud user account. The administrator has created a project for you and they have provided you with a clouds.yaml file for you to access the cloud. You have installed the python-openstackclient package. Procedure Retrieve the floating IP address of the instance you want to log in to: Replace <instance> with the name or ID of the instance that you want to connect to. Use the automatically created cloud-user account to log in to your instance: Replace <keypair> with the name of the key pair. Replace <floating_ip> with the floating IP address of the instance. Tip You can use the following command to log in to an instance without the floating IP address: Replace <keypair> with the name of the key pair. Replace <instance> with the name or ID of the instance that you want to connect to.

Commands:
openstack flavor list --os-cloud <cloud_name>
`export OS_CLOUD=<cloud_name>`
openstack console url show <vm_name> +-------+------------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------+------------------------------------------------------+ | type | novnc | | url | http://172.25.250.50:6080/vnc_auto.html?token= | | | 962dfd71-f047-43d3-89a5-13cb88261eb9 | +-------+-------------------------------------------------------+
openstack server show <instance>
ssh -i ~/.ssh/<keypair>.pem cloud-user@<floatingIP> [cloud-user@demo-server1 ~]USD
openstack server ssh --login cloud-user --identity ~/.ssh/<keypair>.pem --private <instance>