Chapter 11. Updating a cluster in a disconnected environment 11.1. About cluster updates in a disconnected environment A disconnected environment is one in which your cluster nodes cannot access the internet. For this reason, you must populate a registry with the installation images. If your registry host cannot access both the internet and the cluster, you can mirror the images to a file system that is disconnected from that environment and then bring that host or removable media across that gap. If the local container registry and the cluster are connected to the mirror registry's host, you can directly push the release images to the local registry. A single container image registry is sufficient to host mirrored images for several clusters in the disconnected network. 11.1.1. Mirroring the OpenShift Container Platform image repository To update your cluster in a disconnected environment, your cluster environment must have access to a mirror registry that has the necessary images and resources for your targeted update. The following page has instructions for mirroring images onto a repository in your disconnected cluster: Mirroring the OpenShift Container Platform image repository 11.1.2. Performing a cluster update in a disconnected environment You can use one of the following procedures to update a disconnected OpenShift Container Platform cluster: Updating a cluster in a disconnected environment using the OpenShift Update Service Updating a cluster in a disconnected environment without the OpenShift Update Service 11.1.3. Uninstalling the OpenShift Update Service from a cluster You can use the following procedure to uninstall a local copy of the OpenShift Update Service (OSUS) from your cluster: Uninstalling the OpenShift Update Service from a cluster 11.2. Mirroring the OpenShift Container Platform image repository You must mirror container images onto a mirror registry before you can update a cluster in a disconnected environment. You can also use this procedure in connected environments to ensure your clusters run only approved container images that have satisfied your organizational controls for external content. Note Your mirror registry must be running at all times while the cluster is running. The following steps outline the high-level workflow on how to mirror images to a mirror registry: Install the OpenShift CLI ( oc ) on all devices being used to retrieve and push release images. Download the registry pull secret and add it to your cluster. If you use the oc-mirror OpenShift CLI ( oc ) plugin : Install the oc-mirror plugin on all devices being used to retrieve and push release images. Create an image set configuration file for the plugin to use when determining which release images to mirror. You can edit this configuration file later to change which release images that the plugin mirrors. Mirror your targeted release images directly to a mirror registry, or to removable media and then to a mirror registry. Configure your cluster to use the resources generated by the oc-mirror plugin. Repeat these steps as needed to update your mirror registry. If you use the oc adm release mirror command : Set environment variables that correspond to your environment and the release images you want to mirror. Mirror your targeted release images directly to a mirror registry, or to removable media and then to a mirror registry. Repeat these steps as needed to update your mirror registry. Compared to using the oc adm release mirror command, the oc-mirror plugin has the following advantages: It can mirror content other than container images. After mirroring images for the first time, it is easier to update images in the registry. The oc-mirror plugin provides an automated way to mirror the release payload from Quay, and also builds the latest graph data image for the OpenShift Update Service running in the disconnected environment. 11.2.1. Prerequisites You must have a container image registry that supports Docker v2-2 in the location that will host the OpenShift Container Platform cluster, such as Red Hat Quay. Note If you use Red Hat Quay, you must use version 3.6 or later with the oc-mirror plugin. If you have an entitlement to Red Hat Quay, see the documentation on deploying Red Hat Quay for proof-of-concept purposes or by using the Quay Operator . If you need additional assistance selecting and installing a registry, contact your sales representative or Red Hat Support. If you do not have an existing solution for a container image registry, the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift is included in OpenShift Container Platform subscriptions. The mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift is a small-scale container registry that you can use to mirror OpenShift Container Platform container images in disconnected installations and updates. 11.2.2. Preparing your mirror host Before you perform the mirror procedure, you must prepare the host to retrieve content and push it to the remote location. 11.2.2.1. Installing the OpenShift CLI by downloading the binary You can install the OpenShift CLI ( oc ) to interact with OpenShift Container Platform from a command-line interface. You can install oc on Linux, Windows, or macOS. Important If you installed an earlier version of oc , you cannot use it to complete all of the commands in OpenShift Container Platform 4.11. Download and install the new version of oc . If you are upgrading a cluster in a disconnected environment, install the oc version that you plan to upgrade to. Installing the OpenShift CLI on Linux You can install the OpenShift CLI ( oc ) binary on Linux by using the following procedure. Procedure Navigate to the OpenShift Container Platform downloads page on the Red Hat Customer Portal. Select the architecture in the Product Variant drop-down menu. Select the appropriate version in the Version drop-down menu. Click Download Now to the OpenShift v4.11 Linux Client entry and save the file. Unpack the archive: USD tar xvf <file> Place the oc binary in a directory that is on your PATH . To check your PATH , execute the following command: USD echo USDPATH Verification After you install the OpenShift CLI, it is available using the oc command: USD oc <command> Installing the OpenShift CLI on Windows You can install the OpenShift CLI ( oc ) binary on Windows by using the following procedure. Procedure Navigate to the OpenShift Container Platform downloads page on the Red Hat Customer Portal. Select the appropriate version in the Version drop-down menu. Click Download Now to the OpenShift v4.11 Windows Client entry and save the file. Unzip the archive with a ZIP program. Move the oc binary to a directory that is on your PATH . To check your PATH , open the command prompt and execute the following command: C:\> path Verification After you install the OpenShift CLI, it is available using the oc command: C:\> oc <command> Installing the OpenShift CLI on macOS You can install the OpenShift CLI ( oc ) binary on macOS by using the following procedure. Procedure Navigate to the OpenShift Container Platform downloads page on the Red Hat Customer Portal. Select the appropriate version in the Version drop-down menu. Click Download Now to the OpenShift v4.11 macOS Client entry and save the file. Note For macOS arm64, choose the OpenShift v4.11 macOS arm64 Client entry. Unpack and unzip the archive. Move the oc binary to a directory on your PATH. To check your PATH , open a terminal and execute the following command: USD echo USDPATH Verification After you install the OpenShift CLI, it is available using the oc command: USD oc <command> Additional resources Installing and using CLI plugins 11.2.2.2. Configuring credentials that allow images to be mirrored Create a container image registry credentials file that allows mirroring images from Red Hat to your mirror. Warning Do not use this image registry credentials file as the pull secret when you install a cluster. If you provide this file when you install cluster, all of the machines in the cluster will have write access to your mirror registry. Warning This process requires that you have write access to a container image registry on the mirror registry and adds the credentials to a registry pull secret. Prerequisites You configured a mirror registry to use in your disconnected environment. You identified an image repository location on your mirror registry to mirror images into. You provisioned a mirror registry account that allows images to be uploaded to that image repository. Procedure Complete the following steps on the installation host: Download your registry.redhat.io pull secret from the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager . Make a copy of your pull secret in JSON format: USD cat ./pull-secret | jq . > <path>/<pull_secret_file_in_json> 1 1 Specify the path to the folder to store the pull secret in and a name for the JSON file that you create. The contents of the file resemble the following example: { "auths": { "cloud.openshift.com": { "auth": "b3BlbnNo...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "quay.io": { "auth": "b3BlbnNo...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "registry.connect.redhat.com": { "auth": "NTE3Njg5Nj...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "registry.redhat.io": { "auth": "NTE3Njg5Nj...", "email": "you@example.com" } } } Optional: If using the oc-mirror plugin, save the file either as ~/.docker/config.json or USDXDG_RUNTIME_DIR/containers/auth.json . Generate the base64-encoded user name and password or token for your mirror registry: USD echo -n '<user_name>:<password>' | base64 -w0 1 BGVtbYk3ZHAtqXs= 1 For <user_name> and <password> , specify the user name and password that you configured for your registry. Edit the JSON file and add a section that describes your registry to it: "auths": { "<mirror_registry>": { 1 "auth": "<credentials>", 2 "email": "you@example.com" } }, 1 For <mirror_registry> , specify the registry domain name, and optionally the port, that your mirror registry uses to serve content. For example, registry.example.com or registry.example.com:8443 2 For <credentials> , specify the base64-encoded user name and password for the mirror registry. The file resembles the following example: { "auths": { "registry.example.com": { "auth": "BGVtbYk3ZHAtqXs=", "email": "you@example.com" }, "cloud.openshift.com": { "auth": "b3BlbnNo...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "quay.io": { "auth": "b3BlbnNo...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "registry.connect.redhat.com": { "auth": "NTE3Njg5Nj...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "registry.redhat.io": { "auth": "NTE3Njg5Nj...", "email": "you@example.com" } } } 11.2.3. Mirroring resources using the oc-mirror plugin You can use the oc-mirror OpenShift CLI ( oc ) plugin to mirror images to a mirror registry in your fully or partially disconnected environments. You must run oc-mirror from a system with internet connectivity to download the required images from the official Red Hat registries. 11.2.3.1. About the oc-mirror plugin You can use the oc-mirror OpenShift CLI ( oc ) plugin to mirror all required OpenShift Container Platform content and other images to your mirror registry by using a single tool. It provides the following features: Provides a centralized method to mirror OpenShift Container Platform releases, Operators, helm charts, and other images. Maintains update paths for OpenShift Container Platform and Operators. Uses a declarative image set configuration file to include only the OpenShift Container Platform releases, Operators, and images that your cluster needs. Performs incremental mirroring, which reduces the size of future image sets. Prunes images from the target mirror registry that were excluded from the image set configuration since the execution. Optionally generates supporting artifacts for OpenShift Update Service (OSUS) usage. When using the oc-mirror plugin, you specify which content to mirror in an image set configuration file. In this YAML file, you can fine-tune the configuration to only include the OpenShift Container Platform releases and Operators that your cluster needs. This reduces the amount of data that you need to download and transfer. The oc-mirror plugin can also mirror arbitrary helm charts and additional container images to assist users in seamlessly synchronizing their workloads onto mirror registries. The first time you run the oc-mirror plugin, it populates your mirror registry with the required content to perform your disconnected cluster installation or update. In order for your disconnected cluster to continue receiving updates, you must keep your mirror registry updated. To update your mirror registry, you run the oc-mirror plugin using the same configuration as the first time you ran it. The oc-mirror plugin references the metadata from the storage backend and only downloads what has been released since the last time you ran the tool. This provides update paths for OpenShift Container Platform and Operators and performs dependency resolution as required. Important When using the oc-mirror CLI plugin to populate a mirror registry, any further updates to the mirror registry must be made using the oc-mirror tool. 11.2.3.2. oc-mirror compatibility and support The oc-mirror plugin supports mirroring OpenShift Container Platform payload images and Operator catalogs for OpenShift Container Platform versions 4.9 and later. Use the latest available version of the oc-mirror plugin regardless of which versions of OpenShift Container Platform you need to mirror. Important If you used the Technology Preview version of the oc-mirror plugin for OpenShift Container Platform 4.10, it is not possible to migrate your mirror registry to OpenShift Container Platform 4.11. You must download the new oc-mirror plugin, use a new storage back end, and use a new top-level namespace on the target mirror registry. 11.2.3.3. About the mirror registry You can mirror the images that are required for OpenShift Container Platform installation and subsequent product updates to a container mirror registry that supports Docker v2-2 , such as Red Hat Quay. If you do not have access to a large-scale container registry, you can use the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift , which is a small-scale container registry included with OpenShift Container Platform subscriptions. Regardless of your chosen registry, the procedure to mirror content from Red Hat hosted sites on the internet to an isolated image registry is the same. After you mirror the content, you configure each cluster to retrieve this content from your mirror registry. Important The OpenShift image registry cannot be used as the target registry because it does not support pushing without a tag, which is required during the mirroring process. If choosing a container registry that is not the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift , it must be reachable by every machine in the clusters that you provision. If the registry is unreachable, installation, updating, or normal operations such as workload relocation might fail. For that reason, you must run mirror registries in a highly available way, and the mirror registries must at least match the production availability of your OpenShift Container Platform clusters. When you populate your mirror registry with OpenShift Container Platform images, you can follow two scenarios. If you have a host that can access both the internet and your mirror registry, but not your cluster nodes, you can directly mirror the content from that machine. This process is referred to as connected mirroring . If you have no such host, you must mirror the images to a file system and then bring that host or removable media into your restricted environment. This process is referred to as disconnected mirroring . For mirrored registries, to view the source of pulled images, you must review the Trying to access log entry in the CRI-O logs. Other methods to view the image pull source, such as using the crictl images command on a node, show the non-mirrored image name, even though the image is pulled from the mirrored location. Note Red Hat does not test third party registries with OpenShift Container Platform. Additional resources For information about viewing the CRI-O logs to view the image source, see Viewing the image pull source . 11.2.3.4. Installing the oc-mirror OpenShift CLI plugin To use the oc-mirror OpenShift CLI plugin to mirror registry images, you must install the plugin. If you are mirroring image sets in a fully disconnected environment, ensure that you install the oc-mirror plugin on the host with internet access and the host in the disconnected environment with access to the mirror registry. Prerequisites You have installed the OpenShift CLI ( oc ). Procedure Download the oc-mirror CLI plugin. Navigate to the Downloads page of the OpenShift Cluster Manager Hybrid Cloud Console . Under the OpenShift disconnected installation tools section, click Download for OpenShift Client (oc) mirror plugin and save the file. Extract the archive: USD tar xvzf oc-mirror.tar.gz If necessary, update the plugin file to be executable: USD chmod +x oc-mirror Note Do not rename the oc-mirror file. Install the oc-mirror CLI plugin by placing the file in your PATH , for example, /usr/local/bin : USD sudo mv oc-mirror /usr/local/bin/. Verification Run oc mirror help to verify that the plugin was successfully installed: USD oc mirror help 11.2.3.5. Creating the image set configuration Before you can use the oc-mirror plugin to mirror image sets, you must create an image set configuration file. This image set configuration file defines which OpenShift Container Platform releases, Operators, and other images to mirror, along with other configuration settings for the oc-mirror plugin. You must specify a storage backend in the image set configuration file. This storage backend can be a local directory or a registry that supports Docker v2-2 . The oc-mirror plugin stores metadata in this storage backend during image set creation. Important Do not delete or modify the metadata that is generated by the oc-mirror plugin. You must use the same storage backend every time you run the oc-mirror plugin for the same mirror registry. Prerequisites You have created a container image registry credentials file. For instructions, see Configuring credentials that allow images to be mirrored . Procedure Use the oc mirror init command to create a template for the image set configuration and save it to a file called imageset-config.yaml : USD oc mirror init --registry example.com/mirror/oc-mirror-metadata > imageset-config.yaml 1 1 Replace example.com/mirror/oc-mirror-metadata with the location of your registry for the storage backend. Edit the file and adjust the settings as necessary: kind: ImageSetConfiguration apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v1alpha2 archiveSize: 4 1 storageConfig: 2 registry: imageURL: example.com/mirror/oc-mirror-metadata 3 skipTLS: false mirror: platform: channels: - name: stable-4.11 4 type: ocp graph: true 5 operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.11 6 packages: - name: serverless-operator 7 channels: - name: stable 8 additionalImages: - name: registry.redhat.io/ubi8/ubi:latest 9 helm: {} 1 Add archiveSize to set the maximum size, in GiB, of each file within the image set. 2 Set the back-end location to save the image set metadata to. This location can be a registry or local directory. It is required to specify storageConfig values. 3 Set the registry URL for the storage backend. 4 Set the channel to retrieve the OpenShift Container Platform images from. 5 Add graph: true to build and push the graph-data image to the mirror registry. The graph-data image is required to create OpenShift Update Service (OSUS). The graph: true field also generates the UpdateService custom resource manifest. The oc command-line interface (CLI) can use the UpdateService custom resource manifest to create OSUS. For more information, see About the OpenShift Update Service . 6 Set the Operator catalog to retrieve the OpenShift Container Platform images from. 7 Specify only certain Operator packages to include in the image set. Remove this field to retrieve all packages in the catalog. 8 Specify only certain channels of the Operator packages to include in the image set. You must always include the default channel for the Operator package even if you do not use the bundles in that channel. You can find the default channel by running the following command: oc mirror list operators --catalog=<catalog_name> --package=<package_name> . 9 Specify any additional images to include in image set. See Image set configuration parameters for the full list of parameters and Image set configuration examples for various mirroring use cases. Save the updated file. This image set configuration file is required by the oc mirror command when mirroring content. Additional resources Image set configuration parameters Image set configuration examples About the OpenShift Update Service 11.2.3.6. Mirroring an image set to a mirror registry You can use the oc-mirror CLI plugin to mirror images to a mirror registry in a partially disconnected environment or in a fully disconnected environment . The following procedures assume that you already have your mirror registry set up. 11.2.3.6.1. Mirroring an image set in a partially disconnected environment In a partially disconnected environment, you can mirror an image set directly to the target mirror registry. 11.2.3.6.1.1. Mirroring from mirror to mirror You can use the oc-mirror plugin to mirror an image set directly to a target mirror registry that is accessible during image set creation. You are required to specify a storage backend in the image set configuration file. This storage backend can be a local directory or a Docker v2 registry. The oc-mirror plugin stores metadata in this storage backend during image set creation. Important Do not delete or modify the metadata that is generated by the oc-mirror plugin. You must use the same storage backend every time you run the oc-mirror plugin for the same mirror registry. Prerequisites You have access to the internet to obtain the necessary container images. You have installed the OpenShift CLI ( oc ). You have installed the oc-mirror CLI plugin. You have created the image set configuration file. Procedure Run the oc mirror command to mirror the images from the specified image set configuration to a specified registry: USD oc mirror --config=./imageset-config.yaml \ 1 docker://registry.example:5000 2 1 Pass in the image set configuration file that was created. This procedure assumes that it is named imageset-config.yaml . 2 Specify the registry to mirror the image set file to. The registry must start with docker:// . If you specify a top-level namespace for the mirror registry, you must also use this same namespace on subsequent executions. Verification Navigate into the oc-mirror-workspace/ directory that was generated. Navigate into the results directory, for example, results-1639608409/ . Verify that YAML files are present for the ImageContentSourcePolicy and CatalogSource resources. steps Configure your cluster to use the resources generated by oc-mirror. Troubleshooting Unable to retrieve source image . 11.2.3.6.2. Mirroring an image set in a fully disconnected environment To mirror an image set in a fully disconnected environment, you must first mirror the image set to disk , then mirror the image set file on disk to a mirror . 11.2.3.6.2.1. Mirroring from mirror to disk You can use the oc-mirror plugin to generate an image set and save the contents to disk. The generated image set can then be transferred to the disconnected environment and mirrored to the target registry. Important Depending on the configuration specified in the image set configuration file, using oc-mirror to mirror images might download several hundreds of gigabytes of data to disk. The initial image set download when you populate the mirror registry is often the largest. Because you only download the images that changed since the last time you ran the command, when you run the oc-mirror plugin again, the generated image set is often smaller. You are required to specify a storage backend in the image set configuration file. This storage backend can be a local directory or a docker v2 registry. The oc-mirror plugin stores metadata in this storage backend during image set creation. Important Do not delete or modify the metadata that is generated by the oc-mirror plugin. You must use the same storage backend every time you run the oc-mirror plugin for the same mirror registry. Prerequisites You have access to the internet to obtain the necessary container images. You have installed the OpenShift CLI ( oc ). You have installed the oc-mirror CLI plugin. You have created the image set configuration file. Procedure Run the oc mirror command to mirror the images from the specified image set configuration to disk: USD oc mirror --config=./imageset-config.yaml \ 1 file://<path_to_output_directory> 2 1 Pass in the image set configuration file that was created. This procedure assumes that it is named imageset-config.yaml . 2 Specify the target directory where you want to output the image set file. The target directory path must start with file:// . Verification Navigate to your output directory: USD cd <path_to_output_directory> Verify that an image set .tar file was created: USD ls Example output mirror_seq1_000000.tar steps Transfer the image set .tar file to the disconnected environment. Troubleshooting Unable to retrieve source image . 11.2.3.6.2.2. Mirroring from disk to mirror You can use the oc-mirror plugin to mirror the contents of a generated image set to the target mirror registry. Prerequisites You have installed the OpenShift CLI ( oc ) in the disconnected environment. You have installed the oc-mirror CLI plugin in the disconnected environment. You have generated the image set file by using the oc mirror command. You have transferred the image set file to the disconnected environment. Procedure Run the oc mirror command to process the image set file on disk and mirror the contents to a target mirror registry: USD oc mirror --from=./mirror_seq1_000000.tar \ 1 docker://registry.example:5000 2 1 Pass in the image set .tar file to mirror, named mirror_seq1_000000.tar in this example. If an archiveSize value was specified in the image set configuration file, the image set might be broken up into multiple .tar files. In this situation, you can pass in a directory that contains the image set .tar files. 2 Specify the registry to mirror the image set file to. The registry must start with docker:// . If you specify a top-level namespace for the mirror registry, you must also use this same namespace on subsequent executions. This command updates the mirror registry with the image set and generates the ImageContentSourcePolicy and CatalogSource resources. Verification Navigate into the oc-mirror-workspace/ directory that was generated. Navigate into the results directory, for example, results-1639608409/ . Verify that YAML files are present for the ImageContentSourcePolicy and CatalogSource resources. steps Configure your cluster to use the resources generated by oc-mirror. Troubleshooting Unable to retrieve source image . 11.2.3.7. Configuring your cluster to use the resources generated by oc-mirror After you have mirrored your image set to the mirror registry, you must apply the generated ImageContentSourcePolicy , CatalogSource , and release image signature resources into the cluster. The ImageContentSourcePolicy resource associates the mirror registry with the source registry and redirects image pull requests from the online registries to the mirror registry. The CatalogSource resource is used by Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) to retrieve information about the available Operators in the mirror registry. The release image signatures are used to verify the mirrored release images. Prerequisites You have mirrored the image set to the registry mirror in the disconnected environment. You have access to the cluster as a user with the cluster-admin role. Procedure Log in to the OpenShift CLI as a user with the cluster-admin role. Apply the YAML files from the results directory to the cluster by running the following command: USD oc apply -f ./oc-mirror-workspace/results-1639608409/ If you mirrored release images, apply the release image signatures to the cluster by running the following command: USD oc apply -f ./oc-mirror-workspace/results-1639608409/release-signatures/ Note If you are mirroring Operators instead of clusters, you do not need to run USD oc apply -f ./oc-mirror-workspace/results-1639608409/release-signatures/ . Running that command will return an error, as there are no release image signatures to apply. Verification Verify that the ImageContentSourcePolicy resources were successfully installed by running the following command: USD oc get imagecontentsourcepolicy --all-namespaces Verify that the CatalogSource resources were successfully installed by running the following command: USD oc get catalogsource --all-namespaces 11.2.3.8. Keeping your mirror registry content updated After you populate your target mirror registry with the initial image set, you must update it regularly so that it has the latest content. If possible, you can set up a cron job to update the mirror registry on a regular basis. Update your image set configuration to add or remove OpenShift Container Platform and Operator releases as necessary. Removed images are pruned from the mirror registry. 11.2.3.8.1. About updating your mirror registry content When you run the oc-mirror plugin again, it generates an image set that only contains new and updated images since the execution. Because it only pulls in the differences since the image set was created, the generated image set is often smaller and faster to process than the initial image set. Important Generated image sets are sequential and must be pushed to the target mirror registry in order. You can derive the sequence number from the file name of the generated image set archive file. Adding new and updated images Depending on the settings in your image set configuration, future executions of oc-mirror can mirror additional new and updated images. Review the settings in your image set configuration to ensure that you are retrieving new versions as necessary. For example, you can set the minimum and maximum versions of Operators to mirror if you want to restrict to specific versions. Alternatively, you can set the minimum version as a starting point to mirror, but keep the version range open so you keep receiving new Operator versions on future executions of oc-mirror. Omitting any minimum or maximum version gives you the full version history of an Operator in a channel. Omitting explicitly named channels gives you all releases in all channels of the specified Operator. Omitting any named Operator gives you the entire catalog of all Operators and all their versions ever released. All these constraints and conditions are evaluated against the publicly released content by Red Hat on every invocation of oc-mirror. This way, it automatically picks up new releases and entirely new Operators. Constraints can be specified by only listing a desired set of Operators, which will not automatically add other newly released Operators into the mirror set. You can also specify a particular release channel, which limits mirroring to just this channel and not any new channels that have been added. This is important for Operator products, such as Red Hat Quay, that use different release channels for their minor releases. Lastly, you can specify a maximum version of a particular Operator, which causes the tool to only mirror the specified version range so that you do not automatically get any newer releases past the maximum version mirrored. In all these cases, you must update the image set configuration file to broaden the scope of the mirroring of Operators to get other Operators, new channels, and newer versions of Operators to be available in your target registry. It is recommended to align constraints like channel specification or version ranges with the release strategy that a particular Operator has chosen. For example, when the Operator uses a stable channel, you should restrict mirroring to that channel and potentially a minimum version to find the right balance between download volume and getting stable updates regularly. If the Operator chooses a release version channel scheme, for example stable-3.7 , you should mirror all releases in that channel. This allows you to keep receiving patch versions of the Operator, for example 3.7.1 . You can also regularly adjust the image set configuration to add channels for new product releases, for example stable-3.8 . Pruning images Images are pruned automatically from the target mirror registry if they are no longer included in the latest image set that was generated and mirrored. This allows you to easily manage and clean up unneeded content and reclaim storage resources. If there are OpenShift Container Platform releases or Operator versions that you no longer need, you can modify your image set configuration to exclude them, and they will be pruned from the mirror registry upon mirroring. This can be done by adjusting a minimum or maximum version range setting per Operator in the image set configuration file or by deleting the Operator from the list of Operators to mirror from the catalog. You can also remove entire Operator catalogs or entire OpenShift Container Platform releases from the configuration file. Important If there are no new or updated images to mirror, the excluded images are not pruned from the target mirror registry. Additionally, if an Operator publisher removes an Operator version from a channel, the removed versions are pruned from the target mirror registry. 11.2.3.8.2. Updating your mirror registry content After you publish the initial image set to the mirror registry, you can use the oc-mirror plugin to keep your disconnected clusters updated. Depending on your image set configuration, oc-mirror automatically detects newer releases of OpenShift Container Platform and your selected Operators that have been released after you completed the inital mirror. It is recommended to run oc-mirror at regular intervals, for example in a nightly cron job, to receive product and security updates on a timely basis. Prerequisites You have used the oc-mirror plugin to mirror the initial image set to your mirror registry. You have access to the storage backend that was used for the initial execution of the oc-mirror plugin. Note You must use the same storage backend as the initial execution of oc-mirror for the same mirror registry. Do not delete or modify the metadata image that is generated by the oc-mirror plugin. Procedure If necessary, update your image set configuration file to pick up new OpenShift Container Platform and Operator versions. See Image set configuration examples for example mirroring use cases. Follow the same steps that you used to mirror your initial image set to the mirror registry. For instructions, see Mirroring an image set in a partially disconnected environment or Mirroring an image set in a fully disconnected environment . Important You must provide the same storage backend so that only a differential image set is created and mirrored. If you specified a top-level namespace for the mirror registry during the initial image set creation, then you must use this same namespace every time you run the oc-mirror plugin for the same mirror registry. Configure your cluster to use the resources generated by oc-mirror. Additional resources Image set configuration examples Mirroring an image set in a partially disconnected environment Mirroring an image set in a fully disconnected environment Configuring your cluster to use the resources generated by oc-mirror 11.2.3.9. Performing a dry run You can use oc-mirror to perform a dry run, without actually mirroring any images. This allows you to review the list of images that would be mirrored, as well as any images that would be pruned from the mirror registry. It also allows you to catch any errors with your image set configuration early or use the generated list of images with other tools to carry out the mirroring operation. Prerequisites You have access to the internet to obtain the necessary container images. You have installed the OpenShift CLI ( oc ). You have installed the oc-mirror CLI plugin. You have created the image set configuration file. Procedure Run the oc mirror command with the --dry-run flag to perform a dry run: USD oc mirror --config=./imageset-config.yaml \ 1 docker://registry.example:5000 \ 2 --dry-run 3 1 Pass in the image set configuration file that was created. This procedure assumes that it is named imageset-config.yaml . 2 Specify the mirror registry. Nothing is mirrored to this registry as long as you use the --dry-run flag. 3 Use the --dry-run flag to generate the dry run artifacts and not an actual image set file. Example output Checking push permissions for registry.example:5000 Creating directory: oc-mirror-workspace/src/publish Creating directory: oc-mirror-workspace/src/v2 Creating directory: oc-mirror-workspace/src/charts Creating directory: oc-mirror-workspace/src/release-signatures No metadata detected, creating new workspace wrote mirroring manifests to oc-mirror-workspace/operators.1658342351/manifests-redhat-operator-index ... info: Planning completed in 31.48s info: Dry run complete Writing image mapping to oc-mirror-workspace/mapping.txt Navigate into the workspace directory that was generated: USD cd oc-mirror-workspace/ Review the mapping.txt file that was generated. This file contains a list of all images that would be mirrored. Review the pruning-plan.json file that was generated. This file contains a list of all images that would be pruned from the mirror registry when the image set is published. Note The pruning-plan.json file is only generated if your oc-mirror command points to your mirror registry and there are images to be pruned. Additional resources File-based catalogs 11.2.3.10. Image set configuration parameters The oc-mirror plugin requires an image set configuration file that defines what images to mirror. The following table lists the available parameters for the ImageSetConfiguration resource. Table 11.1. ImageSetConfiguration parameters Parameter Description Values apiVersion The API version for the ImageSetConfiguration content. String. For example: mirror.openshift.io/v1alpha2 . archiveSize The maximum size, in GiB, of each archive file within the image set. Integer. For example: 4 mirror The configuration of the image set. Object mirror.additionalImages The additional images configuration of the image set. Array of objects. For example: additionalImages: - name: registry.redhat.io/ubi8/ubi:latest mirror.additionalImages.name The tag or digest of the image to mirror. String. For example: registry.redhat.io/ubi8/ubi:latest mirror.blockedImages The full tag, digest, or pattern of images to block from mirroring. Array of strings. For example: docker.io/library/alpine mirror.helm The helm configuration of the image set. Note that the oc-mirror plugin supports only helm charts that do not require user input when rendered. Object mirror.helm.local The local helm charts to mirror. Array of objects. For example: local: - name: podinfo path: /test/podinfo-5.0.0.tar.gz mirror.helm.local.name The name of the local helm chart to mirror. String. For example: podinfo . mirror.helm.local.path The path of the local helm chart to mirror. String. For example: /test/podinfo-5.0.0.tar.gz . mirror.helm.repositories The remote helm repositories to mirror from. Array of objects. For example: repositories: - name: podinfo url: https://example.github.io/podinfo charts: - name: podinfo version: 5.0.0 mirror.helm.repositories.name The name of the helm repository to mirror from. String. For example: podinfo . mirror.helm.repositories.url The URL of the helm repository to mirror from. String. For example: https://example.github.io/podinfo . mirror.helm.repositories.charts The remote helm charts to mirror. Array of objects. mirror.helm.repositories.charts.name The name of the helm chart to mirror. String. For example: podinfo . mirror.helm.repositories.charts.version The version of the named helm chart to mirror. String. For example: 5.0.0 . mirror.operators The Operators configuration of the image set. Array of objects. For example: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.11 packages: - name: elasticsearch-operator minVersion: '2.4.0' mirror.operators.catalog The Operator catalog to include in the image set. String. For example: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.11 . mirror.operators.full When true , downloads the full catalog, Operator package, or Operator channel. Boolean. The default value is false . mirror.operators.packages The Operator packages configuration. Array of objects. For example: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.11 packages: - name: elasticsearch-operator minVersion: '5.2.3-31' mirror.operators.packages.name The Operator package name to include in the image set String. For example: elasticsearch-operator . mirror.operators.packages.channels The Operator package channel configuration. Object mirror.operators.packages.channels.name The Operator channel name, unique within a package, to include in the image set. String. For example: fast or stable-v4.11 . mirror.operators.packages.channels.maxVersion The highest version of the Operator mirror across all channels in which it exists. String. For example: 5.2.3-31 mirror.operators.packages.channels.minBundle The name of the minimum bundle to include, plus all bundles in the upgrade graph to the channel head. Set this field only if the named bundle has no semantic version metadata. String. For example: bundleName mirror.operators.packages.channels.minVersion The lowest version of the Operator to mirror across all channels in which it exists. String. For example: 5.2.3-31 mirror.operators.packages.maxVersion The highest version of the Operator to mirror across all channels in which it exists. String. For example: 5.2.3-31 . mirror.operators.packages.minVersion The lowest version of the Operator to mirror across all channels in which it exists. String. For example: 5.2.3-31 . mirror.operators.skipDependencies If true , dependencies of bundles are not included. Boolean. The default value is false . mirror.operators.targetName Optional alternative name to mirror the referenced catalog as. String. For example: my-operator-catalog mirror.operators.targetTag Optional alternative tag to append to the targetName . String. For example: v1 mirror.platform The platform configuration of the image set. Object mirror.platform.architectures The architecture of the platform release payload to mirror. Array of strings. For example: architectures: - amd64 - arm64 mirror.platform.channels The platform channel configuration of the image set. Array of objects. For example: channels: - name: stable-4.10 - name: stable-4.11 mirror.platform.channels.full When true , sets the minVersion to the first release in the channel and the maxVersion to the last release in the channel. Boolean. The default value is false . mirror.platform.channels.name The name of the release channel. String. For example: stable-4.11 mirror.platform.channels.minVersion The minimum version of the referenced platform to be mirrored. String. For example: 4.9.6 mirror.platform.channels.maxVersion The highest version of the referenced platform to be mirrored. String. For example: 4.11.1 mirror.platform.channels.shortestPath Toggles shortest path mirroring or full range mirroring. Boolean. The default value is false . mirror.platform.channels.type The type of the platform to be mirrored. String. For example: ocp or okd . The default is ocp . mirror.platform.graph Indicates whether the OSUS graph is added to the image set and subsequently published to the mirror. Boolean. The default value is false . storageConfig The back-end configuration of the image set. Object storageConfig.local The local back-end configuration of the image set. Object storageConfig.local.path The path of the directory to contain the image set metadata. String. For example: ./path/to/dir/ . storageConfig.registry The registry back-end configuration of the image set. Object storageConfig.registry.imageURL The back-end registry URI. Can optionally include a namespace reference in the URI. String. For example: quay.io/myuser/imageset:metadata . storageConfig.registry.skipTLS Optionally skip TLS verification of the referenced back-end registry. Boolean. The default value is false . 11.2.3.11. Image set configuration examples The following ImageSetConfiguration file examples show the configuration for various mirroring use cases. Use case: Including arbitrary images and helm charts The following ImageSetConfiguration file uses a registry storage backend and includes helm charts and an additional Red Hat Universal Base Image (UBI). Example ImageSetConfiguration file apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v1alpha2 kind: ImageSetConfiguration archiveSize: 4 storageConfig: registry: imageURL: example.com/mirror/oc-mirror-metadata skipTLS: false mirror: platform: architectures: - "s390x" channels: - name: stable-4.11 operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.11 helm: repositories: - name: redhat-helm-charts url: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redhat-developer/redhat-helm-charts/master charts: - name: ibm-mongodb-enterprise-helm version: 0.2.0 additionalImages: - name: registry.redhat.io/ubi8/ubi:latest Use case: Including Operator versions from a minimum to the latest The following ImageSetConfiguration file uses a local storage backend and includes only the Red Hat Advanced Cluster Security for Kubernetes Operator, versions starting at 3.68.0 and later in the latest channel. Example ImageSetConfiguration file apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v1alpha2 kind: ImageSetConfiguration storageConfig: local: path: /home/user/metadata mirror: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.11 packages: - name: rhacs-operator channels: - name: latest minVersion: 3.68.0 Use case: Including the shortest OpenShift Container Platform upgrade path The following ImageSetConfiguration file uses a local storage backend and includes all OpenShift Container Platform versions along the shortest upgrade path from the minimum version of 4.9.37 to the maximum version of 4.10.22 . Example ImageSetConfiguration file apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v1alpha2 kind: ImageSetConfiguration storageConfig: local: path: /home/user/metadata mirror: platform: channels: - name: stable-4.10 minVersion: 4.9.37 maxVersion: 4.10.22 shortestPath: true Use case: Including all versions of OpenShift Container Platform from a minimum to the latest The following ImageSetConfiguration file uses a registry storage backend and includes all OpenShift Container Platform versions starting at a minimum version of 4.10.10 to the latest version in the channel. On every invocation of oc-mirror with this image set configuration, the latest release of the stable-4.10 channel is evaluated, so running oc-mirror at regular intervals ensures that you automatically receive the latest releases of OpenShift Container Platform images. Example ImageSetConfiguration file apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v1alpha2 kind: ImageSetConfiguration storageConfig: registry: imageURL: example.com/mirror/oc-mirror-metadata skipTLS: false mirror: platform: channels: - name: stable-4.10 minVersion: 4.10.10 Use case: Including Operator versions from a minimum to a maximum The following ImageSetConfiguration file uses a local storage backend and includes only an example Operator, versions starting at 1.0.0 through 2.0.0 in the stable channel. This allows you to only mirror a specific version range of a particular Operator. As time progresses, you can use these settings to adjust the version to newer releases, for example when you no longer have version 1.0.0 running anywhere anymore. In this scenario, you can increase the minVersion to something newer, for example 1.5.0 . When oc-mirror runs again with the updated version range, it automatically detects that any releases older than 1.5.0 are no longer required and deletes those from the registry to conserve storage space. Example ImageSetConfiguration file apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v1alpha2 kind: ImageSetConfiguration storageConfig: local: path: /home/user/metadata mirror: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.11 packages: - name: example-operator channels: - name: stable minVersion: '1.0.0' maxVersion: '2.0.0' 11.2.3.12. Command reference for oc-mirror The following tables describe the oc mirror subcommands and flags: Table 11.2. oc mirror subcommands Subcommand Description completion Generate the autocompletion script for the specified shell. describe Output the contents of an image set. help Show help about any subcommand. init Output an initial image set configuration template. list List available platform and Operator content and their version. version Output the oc-mirror version. Table 11.3. oc mirror flags Flag Description -c , --config <string> Specify the path to an image set configuration file. --continue-on-error If any non image-pull related error occurs, continue and attempt to mirror as much as possible. --dest-skip-tls Disable TLS validation for the target registry. --dest-use-http Use plain HTTP for the target registry. --dry-run Print actions without mirroring images. Generates mapping.txt and pruning-plan.json files. --from <string> Specify the path to an image set archive that was generated by an execution of oc-mirror to load into a target registry. -h , --help Show the help. --ignore-history Ignore past mirrors when downloading images and packing layers. Disables incremental mirroring and might download more data. --manifests-only Generate manifests for ImageContentSourcePolicy objects to configure a cluster to use the mirror registry, but do not actually mirror any images. To use this flag, you must pass in an image set archive with the --from flag. --max-per-registry <int> Specify the number of concurrent requests allowed per registry. The default is 6 . --skip-cleanup Skip removal of artifact directories. --skip-image-pin Do not replace image tags with digest pins in Operator catalogs. --skip-metadata-check Skip metadata when publishing an image set. This is only recommended when the image set was created with --ignore-history . --skip-missing If an image is not found, skip it instead of reporting an error and aborting execution. Does not apply to custom images explicitly specified in the image set configuration. --skip-verification Skip digest verification. --source-skip-tls Disable TLS validation for the source registry. --source-use-http Use plain HTTP for the source registry. -v , --verbose <int> Specify the number for the log level verbosity. Valid values are 0 - 9 . The default is 0 . 11.2.4. Mirroring images using the oc adm release mirror command Important To avoid excessive memory usage by the OpenShift Update Service application, you must mirror release images to a separate repository as described in the following procedure. Prerequisites You configured a mirror registry to use in your disconnected environment and can access the certificate and credentials that you configured. You downloaded the pull secret from the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager and modified it to include authentication to your mirror repository. If you use self-signed certificates, you have specified a Subject Alternative Name in the certificates. Procedure Use the Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform Upgrade Graph visualizer and update planner to plan an update from one version to another. The OpenShift Upgrade Graph provides channel graphs and a way to confirm that there is an update path between your current and intended cluster versions. Set the required environment variables: Export the release version: USD export OCP_RELEASE=<release_version> For <release_version> , specify the tag that corresponds to the version of OpenShift Container Platform to which you want to update, such as 4.5.4 . Export the local registry name and host port: USD LOCAL_REGISTRY='<local_registry_host_name>:<local_registry_host_port>' For <local_registry_host_name> , specify the registry domain name for your mirror repository, and for <local_registry_host_port> , specify the port that it serves content on. Export the local repository name: USD LOCAL_REPOSITORY='<local_repository_name>' For <local_repository_name> , specify the name of the repository to create in your registry, such as ocp4/openshift4 . If you are using the OpenShift Update Service, export an additional local repository name to contain the release images: USD LOCAL_RELEASE_IMAGES_REPOSITORY='<local_release_images_repository_name>' For <local_release_images_repository_name> , specify the name of the repository to create in your registry, such as ocp4/openshift4-release-images . Export the name of the repository to mirror: USD PRODUCT_REPO='openshift-release-dev' For a production release, you must specify openshift-release-dev . Export the path to your registry pull secret: USD LOCAL_SECRET_JSON='<path_to_pull_secret>' For <path_to_pull_secret> , specify the absolute path to and file name of the pull secret for your mirror registry that you created. Note If your cluster uses an ImageContentSourcePolicy object to configure repository mirroring, you can use only global pull secrets for mirrored registries. You cannot add a pull secret to a project. Export the release mirror: USD RELEASE_NAME="ocp-release" For a production release, you must specify ocp-release . Export the type of architecture for your server, such as x86_64 .: USD ARCHITECTURE=<server_architecture> Export the path to the directory to host the mirrored images: USD REMOVABLE_MEDIA_PATH=<path> 1 1 Specify the full path, including the initial forward slash (/) character. Review the images and configuration manifests to mirror: USD oc adm release mirror -a USD{LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} --to-dir=USD{REMOVABLE_MEDIA_PATH}/mirror quay.io/USD{PRODUCT_REPO}/USD{RELEASE_NAME}:USD{OCP_RELEASE}-USD{ARCHITECTURE} --dry-run Mirror the version images to the mirror registry. If your mirror host does not have internet access, take the following actions: Connect the removable media to a system that is connected to the internet. Mirror the images and configuration manifests to a directory on the removable media: USD oc adm release mirror -a USD{LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} --to-dir=USD{REMOVABLE_MEDIA_PATH}/mirror quay.io/USD{PRODUCT_REPO}/USD{RELEASE_NAME}:USD{OCP_RELEASE}-USD{ARCHITECTURE} Note This command also generates and saves the mirrored release image signature config map onto the removable media. Take the media to the disconnected environment and upload the images to the local container registry. USD oc image mirror -a USD{LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} --from-dir=USD{REMOVABLE_MEDIA_PATH}/mirror "file://openshift/release:USD{OCP_RELEASE}*" USD{LOCAL_REGISTRY}/USD{LOCAL_REPOSITORY} 1 1 For REMOVABLE_MEDIA_PATH , you must use the same path that you specified when you mirrored the images. Use oc command-line interface (CLI) to log in to the cluster that you are upgrading. Apply the mirrored release image signature config map to the connected cluster: USD oc apply -f USD{REMOVABLE_MEDIA_PATH}/mirror/config/<image_signature_file> 1 1 For <image_signature_file> , specify the path and name of the file, for example, signature-sha256-81154f5c03294534.yaml . If you are using the OpenShift Update Service, mirror the release image to a separate repository: USD oc image mirror -a USD{LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} USD{LOCAL_REGISTRY}/USD{LOCAL_REPOSITORY}:USD{OCP_RELEASE}-USD{ARCHITECTURE} USD{LOCAL_REGISTRY}/USD{LOCAL_RELEASE_IMAGES_REPOSITORY}:USD{OCP_RELEASE}-USD{ARCHITECTURE} If the local container registry and the cluster are connected to the mirror host, take the following actions: Directly push the release images to the local registry and apply the config map to the cluster by using following command: USD oc adm release mirror -a USD{LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} --from=quay.io/USD{PRODUCT_REPO}/USD{RELEASE_NAME}:USD{OCP_RELEASE}-USD{ARCHITECTURE} \ --to=USD{LOCAL_REGISTRY}/USD{LOCAL_REPOSITORY} --apply-release-image-signature Note If you include the --apply-release-image-signature option, do not create the config map for image signature verification. If you are using the OpenShift Update Service, mirror the release image to a separate repository: USD oc image mirror -a USD{LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} USD{LOCAL_REGISTRY}/USD{LOCAL_REPOSITORY}:USD{OCP_RELEASE}-USD{ARCHITECTURE} USD{LOCAL_REGISTRY}/USD{LOCAL_RELEASE_IMAGES_REPOSITORY}:USD{OCP_RELEASE}-USD{ARCHITECTURE} 11.3. Updating a cluster in a disconnected environment using the OpenShift Update Service To get an update experience similar to connected clusters, you can use the following procedures to install and configure the OpenShift Update Service (OSUS) in a disconnected environment. The following steps outline the high-level workflow on how to update a cluster in a disconnected environment using OSUS: Configure access to a secured registry. Update the global cluster pull secret to access your mirror registry. Install the OSUS Operator. Create a graph data container image for the OpenShift Update Service. Install the OSUS application and configure your clusters to use the local OpenShift Update Service. Perform a supported update procedure from the documentation as you would with a connected cluster. 11.3.1. Using the OpenShift Update Service in a disconnected environment The OpenShift Update Service (OSUS) provides update recommendations to OpenShift Container Platform clusters. Red Hat publicly hosts the OpenShift Update Service, and clusters in a connected environment can connect to the service through public APIs to retrieve update recommendations. However, clusters in a disconnected environment cannot access these public APIs to retrieve update information. To have a similar update experience in a disconnected environment, you can install and configure the OpenShift Update Service locally so that it is available within the disconnected environment. A single OSUS instance is capable of serving recommendations to thousands of clusters. OSUS can be scaled horizontally to cater to more clusters by changing the replica value. So for most disconnected use cases, one OSUS instance is enough. For example, Red Hat hosts just one OSUS instance for the entire fleet of connected clusters. If you want to keep update recommendations separate in different environments, you can run one OSUS instance for each environment. For example, in a case where you have separate test and stage environments, you might not want a cluster in a stage environment to receive update recommendations to version A if that version has not been tested in the test environment yet. The following sections describe how to install a local OSUS instance and configure it to provide update recommendations to a cluster. Additional resources About the OpenShift Update Service Understanding update channels and releases 11.3.2. Prerequisites You must have the oc command-line interface (CLI) tool installed. You must provision a local container image registry with the container images for your update, as described in Mirroring the OpenShift Container Platform image repository . 11.3.3. Configuring access to a secured registry for the OpenShift Update Service If the release images are contained in a registry whose HTTPS X.509 certificate is signed by a custom certificate authority, complete the steps in Configuring additional trust stores for image registry access along with following changes for the update service. The OpenShift Update Service Operator needs the config map key name updateservice-registry in the registry CA cert. Image registry CA config map example for the update service apiVersion: v1 kind: ConfigMap metadata: name: my-registry-ca data: updateservice-registry: | 1 -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- ... -----END CERTIFICATE----- registry-with-port.example.com..5000: | 2 -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- ... -----END CERTIFICATE----- 1 The OpenShift Update Service Operator requires the config map key name updateservice-registry in the registry CA cert. 2 If the registry has the port, such as registry-with-port.example.com:5000 , : should be replaced with .. . 11.3.4. Updating the global cluster pull secret You can update the global pull secret for your cluster by either replacing the current pull secret or appending a new pull secret. The procedure is required when users use a separate registry to store images than the registry used during installation. Prerequisites You have access to the cluster as a user with the cluster-admin role. Procedure Optional: To append a new pull secret to the existing pull secret, complete the following steps: Enter the following command to download the pull secret: USD oc get secret/pull-secret -n openshift-config --template='{{index .data ".dockerconfigjson" | base64decode}}' ><pull_secret_location> 1 1 Provide the path to the pull secret file. Enter the following command to add the new pull secret: USD oc registry login --registry="<registry>" \ 1 --auth-basic="<username>:<password>" \ 2 --to=<pull_secret_location> 3 1 Provide the new registry. You can include multiple repositories within the same registry, for example: --registry="<registry/my-namespace/my-repository>" . 2 Provide the credentials of the new registry. 3 Provide the path to the pull secret file. Alternatively, you can perform a manual update to the pull secret file. Enter the following command to update the global pull secret for your cluster: USD oc set data secret/pull-secret -n openshift-config --from-file=.dockerconfigjson=<pull_secret_location> 1 1 Provide the path to the new pull secret file. This update is rolled out to all nodes, which can take some time depending on the size of your cluster. Note As of OpenShift Container Platform 4.7.4, changes to the global pull secret no longer trigger a node drain or reboot. 11.3.5. Installing the OpenShift Update Service Operator To install the OpenShift Update Service, you must first install the OpenShift Update Service Operator by using the OpenShift Container Platform web console or CLI. Note For clusters that are installed in disconnected environments, Operator Lifecycle Manager by default cannot access the Red Hat-provided OperatorHub sources hosted on remote registries because those remote sources require full internet connectivity. For more information, see Using Operator Lifecycle Manager on restricted networks . 11.3.5.1. Installing the OpenShift Update Service Operator by using the web console You can use the web console to install the OpenShift Update Service Operator. Procedure In the web console, click Operators OperatorHub . Note Enter Update Service into the Filter by keyword... field to find the Operator faster. Choose OpenShift Update Service from the list of available Operators, and click Install . Channel v1 is selected as the Update Channel since it is the only channel available in this release. Select A specific namespace on the cluster under Installation Mode . Select a namespace for Installed Namespace or accept the recommended namespace openshift-update-service . Select an Approval Strategy : The Automatic strategy allows Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) to automatically update the Operator when a new version is available. The Manual strategy requires a cluster administrator to approve the Operator update. Click Install . Verify that the OpenShift Update Service Operator is installed by switching to the Operators Installed Operators page. Ensure that OpenShift Update Service is listed in the selected namespace with a Status of Succeeded . 11.3.5.2. Installing the OpenShift Update Service Operator by using the CLI You can use the OpenShift CLI ( oc ) to install the OpenShift Update Service Operator. Procedure Create a namespace for the OpenShift Update Service Operator: Create a Namespace object YAML file, for example, update-service-namespace.yaml , for the OpenShift Update Service Operator: apiVersion: v1 kind: Namespace metadata: name: openshift-update-service annotations: openshift.io/node-selector: "" labels: openshift.io/cluster-monitoring: "true" 1 1 Set the openshift.io/cluster-monitoring label to enable Operator-recommended cluster monitoring on this namespace. Create the namespace: USD oc create -f <filename>.yaml For example: USD oc create -f update-service-namespace.yaml Install the OpenShift Update Service Operator by creating the following objects: Create an OperatorGroup object YAML file, for example, update-service-operator-group.yaml : apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1 kind: OperatorGroup metadata: name: update-service-operator-group spec: targetNamespaces: - openshift-update-service Create an OperatorGroup object: USD oc -n openshift-update-service create -f <filename>.yaml For example: USD oc -n openshift-update-service create -f update-service-operator-group.yaml Create a Subscription object YAML file, for example, update-service-subscription.yaml : Example Subscription apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1 kind: Subscription metadata: name: update-service-subscription spec: channel: v1 installPlanApproval: "Automatic" source: "redhat-operators" 1 sourceNamespace: "openshift-marketplace" name: "cincinnati-operator" 1 Specify the name of the catalog source that provides the Operator. For clusters that do not use a custom Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM), specify redhat-operators . If your OpenShift Container Platform cluster is installed in a disconnected environment, specify the name of the CatalogSource object created when you configured Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM). Create the Subscription object: USD oc create -f <filename>.yaml For example: USD oc -n openshift-update-service create -f update-service-subscription.yaml The OpenShift Update Service Operator is installed to the openshift-update-service namespace and targets the openshift-update-service namespace. Verify the Operator installation: USD oc -n openshift-update-service get clusterserviceversions Example output NAME DISPLAY VERSION REPLACES PHASE update-service-operator.v4.6.0 OpenShift Update Service 4.6.0 Succeeded ... If the OpenShift Update Service Operator is listed, the installation was successful. The version number might be different than shown. Additional resources Installing Operators in your namespace . 11.3.6. Creating the OpenShift Update Service graph data container image The OpenShift Update Service requires a graph data container image, from which the OpenShift Update Service retrieves information about channel membership and blocked update edges. Graph data is typically fetched directly from the upgrade graph data repository. In environments where an internet connection is unavailable, loading this information from an init container is another way to make the graph data available to the OpenShift Update Service. The role of the init container is to provide a local copy of the graph data, and during pod initialization, the init container copies the data to a volume that is accessible by the service. Note The oc-mirror OpenShift CLI ( oc ) plugin creates this graph data container image in addition to mirroring release images. If you used the oc-mirror plugin to mirror your release images, you can skip this procedure. Procedure Create a Dockerfile, for example, ./Dockerfile , containing the following: FROM registry.access.redhat.com/ubi8/ubi:8.1 RUN curl -L -o cincinnati-graph-data.tar.gz https://api.openshift.com/api/upgrades_info/graph-data RUN mkdir -p /var/lib/cincinnati-graph-data && tar xvzf cincinnati-graph-data.tar.gz -C /var/lib/cincinnati-graph-data/ --no-overwrite-dir --no-same-owner CMD ["/bin/bash", "-c" ,"exec cp -rp /var/lib/cincinnati-graph-data/* /var/lib/cincinnati/graph-data"] Use the docker file created in the above step to build a graph data container image, for example, registry.example.com/openshift/graph-data:latest : USD podman build -f ./Dockerfile -t registry.example.com/openshift/graph-data:latest Push the graph data container image created in the step to a repository that is accessible to the OpenShift Update Service, for example, registry.example.com/openshift/graph-data:latest : USD podman push registry.example.com/openshift/graph-data:latest Note To push a graph data image to a local registry in a disconnected environment, copy the graph data container image created in the step to a repository that is accessible to the OpenShift Update Service. Run oc image mirror --help for available options. 11.3.7. Creating an OpenShift Update Service application You can create an OpenShift Update Service application by using the OpenShift Container Platform web console or CLI. 11.3.7.1. Creating an OpenShift Update Service application by using the web console You can use the OpenShift Container Platform web console to create an OpenShift Update Service application by using the OpenShift Update Service Operator. Prerequisites The OpenShift Update Service Operator has been installed. The OpenShift Update Service graph data container image has been created and pushed to a repository that is accessible to the OpenShift Update Service. The current release and update target releases have been mirrored to a locally accessible registry. Procedure In the web console, click Operators Installed Operators . Choose OpenShift Update Service from the list of installed Operators. Click the Update Service tab. Click Create UpdateService . Enter a name in the Name field, for example, service . Enter the local pullspec in the Graph Data Image field to the graph data container image created in "Creating the OpenShift Update Service graph data container image", for example, registry.example.com/openshift/graph-data:latest . In the Releases field, enter the local registry and repository created to contain the release images in "Mirroring the OpenShift Container Platform image repository", for example, registry.example.com/ocp4/openshift4-release-images . Enter 2 in the Replicas field. Click Create to create the OpenShift Update Service application. Verify the OpenShift Update Service application: From the UpdateServices list in the Update Service tab, click the Update Service application just created. Click the Resources tab. Verify each application resource has a status of Created . 11.3.7.2. Creating an OpenShift Update Service application by using the CLI You can use the OpenShift CLI ( oc ) to create an OpenShift Update Service application. Prerequisites The OpenShift Update Service Operator has been installed. The OpenShift Update Service graph data container image has been created and pushed to a repository that is accessible to the OpenShift Update Service. The current release and update target releases have been mirrored to a locally accessible registry. Procedure Configure the OpenShift Update Service target namespace, for example, openshift-update-service : USD NAMESPACE=openshift-update-service The namespace must match the targetNamespaces value from the operator group. Configure the name of the OpenShift Update Service application, for example, service : USD NAME=service Configure the local registry and repository for the release images as configured in "Mirroring the OpenShift Container Platform image repository", for example, registry.example.com/ocp4/openshift4-release-images : USD RELEASE_IMAGES=registry.example.com/ocp4/openshift4-release-images Set the local pullspec for the graph data image to the graph data container image created in "Creating the OpenShift Update Service graph data container image", for example, registry.example.com/openshift/graph-data:latest : USD GRAPH_DATA_IMAGE=registry.example.com/openshift/graph-data:latest Create an OpenShift Update Service application object: USD oc -n "USD{NAMESPACE}" create -f - <<EOF apiVersion: updateservice.operator.openshift.io/v1 kind: UpdateService metadata: name: USD{NAME} spec: replicas: 2 releases: USD{RELEASE_IMAGES} graphDataImage: USD{GRAPH_DATA_IMAGE} EOF Verify the OpenShift Update Service application: Use the following command to obtain a policy engine route: USD while sleep 1; do POLICY_ENGINE_GRAPH_URI="USD(oc -n "USD{NAMESPACE}" get -o jsonpath='{.status.policyEngineURI}/api/upgrades_info/v1/graph{"\n"}' updateservice "USD{NAME}")"; SCHEME="USD{POLICY_ENGINE_GRAPH_URI%%:*}"; if test "USD{SCHEME}" = http -o "USD{SCHEME}" = https; then break; fi; done You might need to poll until the command succeeds. Retrieve a graph from the policy engine. Be sure to specify a valid version for channel . For example, if running in OpenShift Container Platform 4.11, use stable-4.11 : USD while sleep 10; do HTTP_CODE="USD(curl --header Accept:application/json --output /dev/stderr --write-out "%{http_code}" "USD{POLICY_ENGINE_GRAPH_URI}?channel=stable-4.6")"; if test "USD{HTTP_CODE}" -eq 200; then break; fi; echo "USD{HTTP_CODE}"; done This polls until the graph request succeeds; however, the resulting graph might be empty depending on which release images you have mirrored. Note The policy engine route name must not be more than 63 characters based on RFC-1123. If you see ReconcileCompleted status as false with the reason CreateRouteFailed caused by host must conform to DNS 1123 naming convention and must be no more than 63 characters , try creating the Update Service with a shorter name. 11.3.7.2.1. Configuring the Cluster Version Operator (CVO) After the OpenShift Update Service Operator has been installed and the OpenShift Update Service application has been created, the Cluster Version Operator (CVO) can be updated to pull graph data from the locally installed OpenShift Update Service. Prerequisites The OpenShift Update Service Operator has been installed. The OpenShift Update Service graph data container image has been created and pushed to a repository that is accessible to the OpenShift Update Service. The current release and update target releases have been mirrored to a locally accessible registry. The OpenShift Update Service application has been created. Procedure Set the OpenShift Update Service target namespace, for example, openshift-update-service : USD NAMESPACE=openshift-update-service Set the name of the OpenShift Update Service application, for example, service : USD NAME=service Obtain the policy engine route: USD POLICY_ENGINE_GRAPH_URI="USD(oc -n "USD{NAMESPACE}" get -o jsonpath='{.status.policyEngineURI}/api/upgrades_info/v1/graph{"\n"}' updateservice "USD{NAME}")" Set the patch for the pull graph data: USD PATCH="{\"spec\":{\"upstream\":\"USD{POLICY_ENGINE_GRAPH_URI}\"}}" Patch the CVO to use the local OpenShift Update Service: USD oc patch clusterversion version -p USDPATCH --type merge Note See Enabling the cluster-wide proxy to configure the CA to trust the update server. 11.3.8. steps Before updating your cluster, confirm that the following conditions are met: The Cluster Version Operator (CVO) is configured to use your locally-installed OpenShift Update Service application. The release image signature config map for the new release is applied to your cluster. Note The release image signature config map allows the Cluster Version Operator (CVO) to ensure the integrity of release images by verifying that the actual image signatures match the expected signatures. The current release and update target release images are mirrored to a locally accessible registry. A recent graph data container image has been mirrored to your local registry. A recent version of the OpenShift Update Service Operator is installed. Note If you have not recently installed or updated the OpenShift Update Service Operator, there might be a more recent version available. See Using Operator Lifecycle Manager on restricted networks for more information about how to update your OLM catalog in a disconnected environment. After you configure your cluster to use the locally-installed OpenShift Update Service and local mirror registry, you can use any of the following update methods: Updating a cluster using the web console Updating a cluster using the CLI Preparing to perform an EUS-to-EUS update Performing a canary rollout update Updating a cluster that includes RHEL compute machines 11.4. Updating a cluster in a disconnected environment without the OpenShift Update Service Use the following procedures to update a cluster in a disconnected environment without access to the OpenShift Update Service. 11.4.1. Prerequisites You must have the oc command-line interface (CLI) tool installed. You must provision a local container image registry with the container images for your update, as described in Mirroring the OpenShift Container Platform image repository . You must have access to the cluster as a user with admin privileges. See Using RBAC to define and apply permissions . You must have a recent etcd backup in case your update fails and you must restore your cluster to a state . You must ensure that all machine config pools (MCPs) are running and not paused. Nodes associated with a paused MCP are skipped during the update process. You can pause the MCPs if you are performing a canary rollout update strategy. If your cluster uses manually maintained credentials, update the cloud provider resources for the new release. For more information, including how to determine if this is a requirement for your cluster, see Preparing to update a cluster with manually maintained credentials . If you run an Operator or you have configured any application with the pod disruption budget, you might experience an interruption during the upgrade process. If minAvailable is set to 1 in PodDisruptionBudget , the nodes are drained to apply pending machine configs which might block the eviction process. If several nodes are rebooted, all the pods might run on only one node, and the PodDisruptionBudget field can prevent the node drain. Note If you run an Operator or you have configured any application with the pod disruption budget, you might experience an interruption during the upgrade process. If minAvailable is set to 1 in PodDisruptionBudget , the nodes are drained to apply pending machine configs which might block the eviction process. If several nodes are rebooted, all the pods might run on only one node, and the PodDisruptionBudget field can prevent the node drain. 11.4.2. Pausing a MachineHealthCheck resource During the upgrade process, nodes in the cluster might become temporarily unavailable. In the case of worker nodes, the machine health check might identify such nodes as unhealthy and reboot them. To avoid rebooting such nodes, pause all the MachineHealthCheck resources before updating the cluster. Prerequisites Install the OpenShift CLI ( oc ). Procedure To list all the available MachineHealthCheck resources that you want to pause, run the following command: USD oc get machinehealthcheck -n openshift-machine-api To pause the machine health checks, add the cluster.x-k8s.io/paused="" annotation to the MachineHealthCheck resource. Run the following command: USD oc -n openshift-machine-api annotate mhc <mhc-name> cluster.x-k8s.io/paused="" The annotated MachineHealthCheck resource resembles the following YAML file: apiVersion: machine.openshift.io/v1beta1 kind: MachineHealthCheck metadata: name: example namespace: openshift-machine-api annotations: cluster.x-k8s.io/paused: "" spec: selector: matchLabels: role: worker unhealthyConditions: - type: "Ready" status: "Unknown" timeout: "300s" - type: "Ready" status: "False" timeout: "300s" maxUnhealthy: "40%" status: currentHealthy: 5 expectedMachines: 5 Important Resume the machine health checks after updating the cluster. To resume the check, remove the pause annotation from the MachineHealthCheck resource by running the following command: USD oc -n openshift-machine-api annotate mhc <mhc-name> cluster.x-k8s.io/paused- 11.4.3. Retrieving a release image digest In order to update a cluster in a disconnected environment using the oc adm upgrade command with the --to-image option, you must reference the sha256 digest that corresponds to your targeted release image. Procedure Run the following command on a device that is connected to the internet: USD oc adm release info -o 'jsonpath={.digest}{"\n"}' quay.io/openshift-release-dev/ocp-release:USD{OCP_RELEASE_VERSION}-USD{ARCHITECTURE} For {OCP_RELEASE_VERSION} , specify the version of OpenShift Container Platform to which you want to update, such as 4.10.16 . For {ARCHITECTURE} , specify the architecture of the cluster, such as x86_64 , aarch64 , s390x , or ppc64le . Example output sha256:a8bfba3b6dddd1a2fbbead7dac65fe4fb8335089e4e7cae327f3bad334add31d Copy the sha256 digest for use when updating your cluster. 11.4.4. Updating the disconnected cluster Update the disconnected cluster to the OpenShift Container Platform version that you downloaded the release images for. Note If you have a local OpenShift Update Service, you can update by using the connected web console or CLI instructions instead of this procedure. Prerequisites You mirrored the images for the new release to your registry. You applied the release image signature ConfigMap for the new release to your cluster. Note The release image signature config map allows the Cluster Version Operator (CVO) to ensure the integrity of release images by verifying that the actual image signatures match the expected signatures. You obtained the sha256 digest for your targeted release image. You installed the OpenShift CLI ( oc ). You paused all MachineHealthCheck resources. Procedure Update the cluster: USD oc adm upgrade --allow-explicit-upgrade --to-image USD{LOCAL_REGISTRY}/USD{LOCAL_REPOSITORY}@<digest> 1 1 The <digest> value is the sha256 digest for the targeted release image, for example, sha256:81154f5c03294534e1eaf0319bef7a601134f891689ccede5d705ef659aa8c92 If you use an ImageContentSourcePolicy for the mirror registry, you can use the canonical registry name instead of LOCAL_REGISTRY . Note You can only configure global pull secrets for clusters that have an ImageContentSourcePolicy object. You cannot add a pull secret to a project. 11.4.5. Configuring image registry repository mirroring Setting up container registry repository mirroring enables you to do the following: Configure your OpenShift Container Platform cluster to redirect requests to pull images from a repository on a source image registry and have it resolved by a repository on a mirrored image registry. Identify multiple mirrored repositories for each target repository, to make sure that if one mirror is down, another can be used. The attributes of repository mirroring in OpenShift Container Platform include: Image pulls are resilient to registry downtimes. Clusters in disconnected environments can pull images from critical locations, such as quay.io, and have registries behind a company firewall provide the requested images. A particular order of registries is tried when an image pull request is made, with the permanent registry typically being the last one tried. The mirror information you enter is added to the /etc/containers/registries.conf file on every node in the OpenShift Container Platform cluster. When a node makes a request for an image from the source repository, it tries each mirrored repository in turn until it finds the requested content. If all mirrors fail, the cluster tries the source repository. If successful, the image is pulled to the node. Setting up repository mirroring can be done in the following ways: At OpenShift Container Platform installation: By pulling container images needed by OpenShift Container Platform and then bringing those images behind your company's firewall, you can install OpenShift Container Platform into a datacenter that is in a disconnected environment. After OpenShift Container Platform installation: Even if you don't configure mirroring during OpenShift Container Platform installation, you can do so later using the ImageContentSourcePolicy object. The following procedure provides a post-installation mirror configuration, where you create an ImageContentSourcePolicy object that identifies: The source of the container image repository you want to mirror. A separate entry for each mirror repository you want to offer the content requested from the source repository. Note You can only configure global pull secrets for clusters that have an ImageContentSourcePolicy object. You cannot add a pull secret to a project. Prerequisites Access to the cluster as a user with the cluster-admin role. Procedure Configure mirrored repositories, by either: Setting up a mirrored repository with Red Hat Quay, as described in Red Hat Quay Repository Mirroring . Using Red Hat Quay allows you to copy images from one repository to another and also automatically sync those repositories repeatedly over time. Using a tool such as skopeo to copy images manually from the source directory to the mirrored repository. For example, after installing the skopeo RPM package on a Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 7 or RHEL 8 system, use the skopeo command as shown in this example: USD skopeo copy \ docker://registry.access.redhat.com/ubi8/ubi-minimal@sha256:5cfbaf45ca96806917830c183e9f37df2e913b187adb32e89fd83fa455ebaa6 \ docker://example.io/example/ubi-minimal In this example, you have a container image registry that is named example.io with an image repository named example to which you want to copy the ubi8/ubi-minimal image from registry.access.redhat.com . After you create the registry, you can configure your OpenShift Container Platform cluster to redirect requests made of the source repository to the mirrored repository. Log in to your OpenShift Container Platform cluster. Create an ImageContentSourcePolicy file (for example, registryrepomirror.yaml ), replacing the source and mirrors with your own registry and repository pairs and images: apiVersion: operator.openshift.io/v1alpha1 kind: ImageContentSourcePolicy metadata: name: ubi8repo spec: repositoryDigestMirrors: - mirrors: - example.io/example/ubi-minimal 1 - example.com/example/ubi-minimal 2 source: registry.access.redhat.com/ubi8/ubi-minimal 3 - mirrors: - mirror.example.com/redhat source: registry.redhat.io/openshift4 4 - mirrors: - mirror.example.com source: registry.redhat.io 5 - mirrors: - mirror.example.net/image source: registry.example.com/example/myimage 6 - mirrors: - mirror.example.net source: registry.example.com/example 7 - mirrors: - mirror.example.net/registry-example-com source: registry.example.com 8 1 Indicates the name of the image registry and repository. 2 Indicates multiple mirror repositories for each target repository. If one mirror is down, the target repository can use another mirror. 3 Indicates the registry and repository containing the content that is mirrored. 4 You can configure a namespace inside a registry to use any image in that namespace. If you use a registry domain as a source, the ImageContentSourcePolicy resource is applied to all repositories from the registry. 5 If you configure the registry name, the ImageContentSourcePolicy resource is applied to all repositories from a source registry to a mirror registry. 6 Pulls the image mirror.example.net/image@sha256:... . 7 Pulls the image myimage in the source registry namespace from the mirror mirror.example.net/myimage@sha256:... . 8 Pulls the image registry.example.com/example/myimage from the mirror registry mirror.example.net/registry-example-com/example/myimage@sha256:... . The ImageContentSourcePolicy resource is applied to all repositories from a source registry to a mirror registry mirror.example.net/registry-example-com . Create the new ImageContentSourcePolicy object: USD oc create -f registryrepomirror.yaml After the ImageContentSourcePolicy object is created, the new settings are deployed to each node and the cluster starts using the mirrored repository for requests to the source repository. To check that the mirrored configuration settings, are applied, do the following on one of the nodes. List your nodes: USD oc get node Example output NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION ip-10-0-137-44.ec2.internal Ready worker 7m v1.24.0 ip-10-0-138-148.ec2.internal Ready master 11m v1.24.0 ip-10-0-139-122.ec2.internal Ready master 11m v1.24.0 ip-10-0-147-35.ec2.internal Ready worker 7m v1.24.0 ip-10-0-153-12.ec2.internal Ready worker 7m v1.24.0 ip-10-0-154-10.ec2.internal Ready master 11m v1.24.0 The Imagecontentsourcepolicy resource does not restart the nodes. Start the debugging process to access the node: USD oc debug node/ip-10-0-147-35.ec2.internal Example output Starting pod/ip-10-0-147-35ec2internal-debug ... To use host binaries, run `chroot /host` Change your root directory to /host : sh-4.2# chroot /host Check the /etc/containers/registries.conf file to make sure the changes were made: sh-4.2# cat /etc/containers/registries.conf Example output unqualified-search-registries = ["registry.access.redhat.com", "docker.io"] short-name-mode = "" [[registry]] prefix = "" location = "registry.access.redhat.com/ubi8/ubi-minimal" mirror-by-digest-only = true [[registry.mirror]] location = "example.io/example/ubi-minimal" [[registry.mirror]] location = "example.com/example/ubi-minimal" [[registry]] prefix = "" location = "registry.example.com" mirror-by-digest-only = true [[registry.mirror]] location = "mirror.example.net/registry-example-com" [[registry]] prefix = "" location = "registry.example.com/example" mirror-by-digest-only = true [[registry.mirror]] location = "mirror.example.net" [[registry]] prefix = "" location = "registry.example.com/example/myimage" mirror-by-digest-only = true [[registry.mirror]] location = "mirror.example.net/image" [[registry]] prefix = "" location = "registry.redhat.io" mirror-by-digest-only = true [[registry.mirror]] location = "mirror.example.com" [[registry]] prefix = "" location = "registry.redhat.io/openshift4" mirror-by-digest-only = true [[registry.mirror]] location = "mirror.example.com/redhat" Pull an image digest to the node from the source and check if it is resolved by the mirror. ImageContentSourcePolicy objects support image digests only, not image tags. sh-4.2# podman pull --log-level=debug registry.access.redhat.com/ubi8/ubi-minimal@sha256:5cfbaf45ca96806917830c183e9f37df2e913b187adb32e89fd83fa455ebaa6 Troubleshooting repository mirroring If the repository mirroring procedure does not work as described, use the following information about how repository mirroring works to help troubleshoot the problem. The first working mirror is used to supply the pulled image. The main registry is only used if no other mirror works. From the system context, the Insecure flags are used as fallback. The format of the /etc/containers/registries.conf file has changed recently. It is now version 2 and in TOML format. 11.4.6. Widening the scope of the mirror image catalog to reduce the frequency of cluster node reboots You can scope the mirrored image catalog at the repository level or the wider registry level. A widely scoped ImageContentSourcePolicy resource reduces the number of times the nodes need to reboot in response to changes to the resource. To widen the scope of the mirror image catalog in the ImageContentSourcePolicy resource, perform the following procedure. Prerequisites Install the OpenShift Container Platform CLI oc . Log in as a user with cluster-admin privileges. Configure a mirrored image catalog for use in your disconnected cluster. Procedure Run the following command, specifying values for <local_registry> , <pull_spec> , and <pull_secret_file> : USD oc adm catalog mirror <local_registry>/<pull_spec> <local_registry> -a <pull_secret_file> --icsp-scope=registry where: <local_registry> is the local registry you have configured for your disconnected cluster, for example, local.registry:5000 . <pull_spec> is the pull specification as configured in your disconnected registry, for example, redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.11 <pull_secret_file> is the registry.redhat.io pull secret in .json file format. You can download the pull secret from the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager . The oc adm catalog mirror command creates a /redhat-operator-index-manifests directory and generates imageContentSourcePolicy.yaml , catalogSource.yaml , and mapping.txt files. Apply the new ImageContentSourcePolicy resource to the cluster: USD oc apply -f imageContentSourcePolicy.yaml Verification Verify that oc apply successfully applied the change to ImageContentSourcePolicy : USD oc get ImageContentSourcePolicy -o yaml Example output apiVersion: v1 items: - apiVersion: operator.openshift.io/v1alpha1 kind: ImageContentSourcePolicy metadata: annotations: kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration: | {"apiVersion":"operator.openshift.io/v1alpha1","kind":"ImageContentSourcePolicy","metadata":{"annotations":{},"name":"redhat-operator-index"},"spec":{"repositoryDigestMirrors":[{"mirrors":["local.registry:5000"],"source":"registry.redhat.io"}]}} ... After you update the ImageContentSourcePolicy resource, OpenShift Container Platform deploys the new settings to each node and the cluster starts using the mirrored repository for requests to the source repository. 11.4.7. Additional resources Using Operator Lifecycle Manager on restricted networks Machine Config Overview 11.5. Uninstalling the OpenShift Update Service from a cluster To remove a local copy of the OpenShift Update Service (OSUS) from your cluster, you must first delete the OSUS application and then uninstall the OSUS Operator. 11.5.1. Deleting an OpenShift Update Service application You can delete an OpenShift Update Service application by using the OpenShift Container Platform web console or CLI. 11.5.1.1. Deleting an OpenShift Update Service application by using the web console You can use the OpenShift Container Platform web console to delete an OpenShift Update Service application by using the OpenShift Update Service Operator. Prerequisites The OpenShift Update Service Operator has been installed. Procedure In the web console, click Operators Installed Operators . Choose OpenShift Update Service from the list of installed Operators. Click the Update Service tab. From the list of installed OpenShift Update Service applications, select the application to be deleted and then click Delete UpdateService . From the Delete UpdateService? confirmation dialog, click Delete to confirm the deletion. 11.5.1.2. Deleting an OpenShift Update Service application by using the CLI You can use the OpenShift CLI ( oc ) to delete an OpenShift Update Service application. Procedure Get the OpenShift Update Service application name using the namespace the OpenShift Update Service application was created in, for example, openshift-update-service : USD oc get updateservice -n openshift-update-service Example output NAME AGE service 6s Delete the OpenShift Update Service application using the NAME value from the step and the namespace the OpenShift Update Service application was created in, for example, openshift-update-service : USD oc delete updateservice service -n openshift-update-service Example output updateservice.updateservice.operator.openshift.io "service" deleted 11.5.2. Uninstalling the OpenShift Update Service Operator You can uninstall the OpenShift Update Service Operator by using the OpenShift Container Platform web console or CLI. 11.5.2.1. Uninstalling the OpenShift Update Service Operator by using the web console You can use the OpenShift Container Platform web console to uninstall the OpenShift Update Service Operator. Prerequisites All OpenShift Update Service applications have been deleted. Procedure In the web console, click Operators Installed Operators . Select OpenShift Update Service from the list of installed Operators and click Uninstall Operator . From the Uninstall Operator? confirmation dialog, click Uninstall to confirm the uninstallation. 11.5.2.2. Uninstalling the OpenShift Update Service Operator by using the CLI You can use the OpenShift CLI ( oc ) to uninstall the OpenShift Update Service Operator. Prerequisites All OpenShift Update Service applications have been deleted. Procedure Change to the project containing the OpenShift Update Service Operator, for example, openshift-update-service : USD oc project openshift-update-service Example output Now using project "openshift-update-service" on server "https://example.com:6443". Get the name of the OpenShift Update Service Operator operator group: USD oc get operatorgroup Example output NAME AGE openshift-update-service-fprx2 4m41s Delete the operator group, for example, openshift-update-service-fprx2 : USD oc delete operatorgroup openshift-update-service-fprx2 Example output operatorgroup.operators.coreos.com "openshift-update-service-fprx2" deleted Get the name of the OpenShift Update Service Operator subscription: USD oc get subscription Example output NAME PACKAGE SOURCE CHANNEL update-service-operator update-service-operator updateservice-index-catalog v1 Using the Name value from the step, check the current version of the subscribed OpenShift Update Service Operator in the currentCSV field: USD oc get subscription update-service-operator -o yaml | grep " currentCSV" Example output currentCSV: update-service-operator.v0.0.1 Delete the subscription, for example, update-service-operator : USD oc delete subscription update-service-operator Example output subscription.operators.coreos.com "update-service-operator" deleted Delete the CSV for the OpenShift Update Service Operator using the currentCSV value from the step: USD oc delete clusterserviceversion update-service-operator.v0.0.1 Example output clusterserviceversion.operators.coreos.com "update-service-operator.v0.0.1" deleted

Commands:
tar xvf <file>
echo USDPATH
oc <command>
C:\> path
C:\> oc <command>
echo USDPATH
oc <command>
cat ./pull-secret | jq . > <path>/<pull_secret_file_in_json> 1
{ "auths": { "cloud.openshift.com": { "auth": "b3BlbnNo...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "quay.io": { "auth": "b3BlbnNo...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "registry.connect.redhat.com": { "auth": "NTE3Njg5Nj...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "registry.redhat.io": { "auth": "NTE3Njg5Nj...", "email": "you@example.com" } } }
echo -n '<user_name>:<password>' | base64 -w0 1 BGVtbYk3ZHAtqXs=
"auths": { "<mirror_registry>": { 1 "auth": "<credentials>", 2 "email": "you@example.com" } },
{ "auths": { "registry.example.com": { "auth": "BGVtbYk3ZHAtqXs=", "email": "you@example.com" }, "cloud.openshift.com": { "auth": "b3BlbnNo...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "quay.io": { "auth": "b3BlbnNo...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "registry.connect.redhat.com": { "auth": "NTE3Njg5Nj...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "registry.redhat.io": { "auth": "NTE3Njg5Nj...", "email": "you@example.com" } } }
tar xvzf oc-mirror.tar.gz
chmod +x oc-mirror
sudo mv oc-mirror /usr/local/bin/.
oc mirror help
oc mirror init --registry example.com/mirror/oc-mirror-metadata > imageset-config.yaml 1
kind: ImageSetConfiguration apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v1alpha2 archiveSize: 4 1 storageConfig: 2 registry: imageURL: example.com/mirror/oc-mirror-metadata 3 skipTLS: false mirror: platform: channels: - name: stable-4.11 4 type: ocp graph: true 5 operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.11 6 packages: - name: serverless-operator 7 channels: - name: stable 8 additionalImages: - name: registry.redhat.io/ubi8/ubi:latest 9 helm: {}
oc mirror --config=./imageset-config.yaml \ 1 docker://registry.example:5000 2
oc mirror --config=./imageset-config.yaml \ 1 file://<path_to_output_directory> 2
cd <path_to_output_directory>
ls
mirror_seq1_000000.tar
oc mirror --from=./mirror_seq1_000000.tar \ 1 docker://registry.example:5000 2
oc apply -f ./oc-mirror-workspace/results-1639608409/
oc apply -f ./oc-mirror-workspace/results-1639608409/release-signatures/
oc get imagecontentsourcepolicy --all-namespaces
oc get catalogsource --all-namespaces
oc mirror --config=./imageset-config.yaml \ 1 docker://registry.example:5000 \ 2 --dry-run 3
Checking push permissions for registry.example:5000 Creating directory: oc-mirror-workspace/src/publish Creating directory: oc-mirror-workspace/src/v2 Creating directory: oc-mirror-workspace/src/charts Creating directory: oc-mirror-workspace/src/release-signatures No metadata detected, creating new workspace wrote mirroring manifests to oc-mirror-workspace/operators.1658342351/manifests-redhat-operator-index info: Planning completed in 31.48s info: Dry run complete Writing image mapping to oc-mirror-workspace/mapping.txt
cd oc-mirror-workspace/
additionalImages: - name: registry.redhat.io/ubi8/ubi:latest
local: - name: podinfo path: /test/podinfo-5.0.0.tar.gz
repositories: - name: podinfo url: https://example.github.io/podinfo charts: - name: podinfo version: 5.0.0
operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.11 packages: - name: elasticsearch-operator minVersion: '2.4.0'
operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.11 packages: - name: elasticsearch-operator minVersion: '5.2.3-31'
architectures: - amd64 - arm64
channels: - name: stable-4.10 - name: stable-4.11
apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v1alpha2 kind: ImageSetConfiguration archiveSize: 4 storageConfig: registry: imageURL: example.com/mirror/oc-mirror-metadata skipTLS: false mirror: platform: architectures: - "s390x" channels: - name: stable-4.11 operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.11 helm: repositories: - name: redhat-helm-charts url: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redhat-developer/redhat-helm-charts/master charts: - name: ibm-mongodb-enterprise-helm version: 0.2.0 additionalImages: - name: registry.redhat.io/ubi8/ubi:latest
apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v1alpha2 kind: ImageSetConfiguration storageConfig: local: path: /home/user/metadata mirror: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.11 packages: - name: rhacs-operator channels: - name: latest minVersion: 3.68.0
apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v1alpha2 kind: ImageSetConfiguration storageConfig: local: path: /home/user/metadata mirror: platform: channels: - name: stable-4.10 minVersion: 4.9.37 maxVersion: 4.10.22 shortestPath: true
apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v1alpha2 kind: ImageSetConfiguration storageConfig: registry: imageURL: example.com/mirror/oc-mirror-metadata skipTLS: false mirror: platform: channels: - name: stable-4.10 minVersion: 4.10.10
apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v1alpha2 kind: ImageSetConfiguration storageConfig: local: path: /home/user/metadata mirror: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.11 packages: - name: example-operator channels: - name: stable minVersion: '1.0.0' maxVersion: '2.0.0'
export OCP_RELEASE=<release_version>
LOCAL_REGISTRY='<local_registry_host_name>:<local_registry_host_port>'
LOCAL_REPOSITORY='<local_repository_name>'
LOCAL_RELEASE_IMAGES_REPOSITORY='<local_release_images_repository_name>'
PRODUCT_REPO='openshift-release-dev'
LOCAL_SECRET_JSON='<path_to_pull_secret>'
RELEASE_NAME="ocp-release"
ARCHITECTURE=<server_architecture>
REMOVABLE_MEDIA_PATH=<path> 1
oc adm release mirror -a USD{LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} --to-dir=USD{REMOVABLE_MEDIA_PATH}/mirror quay.io/USD{PRODUCT_REPO}/USD{RELEASE_NAME}:USD{OCP_RELEASE}-USD{ARCHITECTURE} --dry-run
oc adm release mirror -a USD{LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} --to-dir=USD{REMOVABLE_MEDIA_PATH}/mirror quay.io/USD{PRODUCT_REPO}/USD{RELEASE_NAME}:USD{OCP_RELEASE}-USD{ARCHITECTURE}
oc image mirror -a USD{LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} --from-dir=USD{REMOVABLE_MEDIA_PATH}/mirror "file://openshift/release:USD{OCP_RELEASE}*" USD{LOCAL_REGISTRY}/USD{LOCAL_REPOSITORY} 1
oc apply -f USD{REMOVABLE_MEDIA_PATH}/mirror/config/<image_signature_file> 1
oc image mirror -a USD{LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} USD{LOCAL_REGISTRY}/USD{LOCAL_REPOSITORY}:USD{OCP_RELEASE}-USD{ARCHITECTURE} USD{LOCAL_REGISTRY}/USD{LOCAL_RELEASE_IMAGES_REPOSITORY}:USD{OCP_RELEASE}-USD{ARCHITECTURE}
oc adm release mirror -a USD{LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} --from=quay.io/USD{PRODUCT_REPO}/USD{RELEASE_NAME}:USD{OCP_RELEASE}-USD{ARCHITECTURE} --to=USD{LOCAL_REGISTRY}/USD{LOCAL_REPOSITORY} --apply-release-image-signature
oc image mirror -a USD{LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} USD{LOCAL_REGISTRY}/USD{LOCAL_REPOSITORY}:USD{OCP_RELEASE}-USD{ARCHITECTURE} USD{LOCAL_REGISTRY}/USD{LOCAL_RELEASE_IMAGES_REPOSITORY}:USD{OCP_RELEASE}-USD{ARCHITECTURE}
apiVersion: v1 kind: ConfigMap metadata: name: my-registry-ca data: updateservice-registry: | 1 -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- -----END CERTIFICATE----- registry-with-port.example.com..5000: | 2 -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- -----END CERTIFICATE-----
oc get secret/pull-secret -n openshift-config --template='{{index .data ".dockerconfigjson" | base64decode}}' ><pull_secret_location> 1
oc registry login --registry="<registry>" \ 1 --auth-basic="<username>:<password>" \ 2 --to=<pull_secret_location> 3
oc set data secret/pull-secret -n openshift-config --from-file=.dockerconfigjson=<pull_secret_location> 1
apiVersion: v1 kind: Namespace metadata: name: openshift-update-service annotations: openshift.io/node-selector: "" labels: openshift.io/cluster-monitoring: "true" 1
oc create -f <filename>.yaml
oc create -f update-service-namespace.yaml
apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1 kind: OperatorGroup metadata: name: update-service-operator-group spec: targetNamespaces: - openshift-update-service
oc -n openshift-update-service create -f <filename>.yaml
oc -n openshift-update-service create -f update-service-operator-group.yaml
apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1 kind: Subscription metadata: name: update-service-subscription spec: channel: v1 installPlanApproval: "Automatic" source: "redhat-operators" 1 sourceNamespace: "openshift-marketplace" name: "cincinnati-operator"
oc create -f <filename>.yaml
oc -n openshift-update-service create -f update-service-subscription.yaml
oc -n openshift-update-service get clusterserviceversions
NAME DISPLAY VERSION REPLACES PHASE update-service-operator.v4.6.0 OpenShift Update Service 4.6.0 Succeeded
FROM registry.access.redhat.com/ubi8/ubi:8.1 RUN curl -L -o cincinnati-graph-data.tar.gz https://api.openshift.com/api/upgrades_info/graph-data RUN mkdir -p /var/lib/cincinnati-graph-data && tar xvzf cincinnati-graph-data.tar.gz -C /var/lib/cincinnati-graph-data/ --no-overwrite-dir --no-same-owner CMD ["/bin/bash", "-c" ,"exec cp -rp /var/lib/cincinnati-graph-data/* /var/lib/cincinnati/graph-data"]
podman build -f ./Dockerfile -t registry.example.com/openshift/graph-data:latest
podman push registry.example.com/openshift/graph-data:latest
NAMESPACE=openshift-update-service
NAME=service
RELEASE_IMAGES=registry.example.com/ocp4/openshift4-release-images
GRAPH_DATA_IMAGE=registry.example.com/openshift/graph-data:latest
oc -n "USD{NAMESPACE}" create -f - <<EOF apiVersion: updateservice.operator.openshift.io/v1 kind: UpdateService metadata: name: USD{NAME} spec: replicas: 2 releases: USD{RELEASE_IMAGES} graphDataImage: USD{GRAPH_DATA_IMAGE} EOF
while sleep 1; do POLICY_ENGINE_GRAPH_URI="USD(oc -n "USD{NAMESPACE}" get -o jsonpath='{.status.policyEngineURI}/api/upgrades_info/v1/graph{"\n"}' updateservice "USD{NAME}")"; SCHEME="USD{POLICY_ENGINE_GRAPH_URI%%:*}"; if test "USD{SCHEME}" = http -o "USD{SCHEME}" = https; then break; fi; done
while sleep 10; do HTTP_CODE="USD(curl --header Accept:application/json --output /dev/stderr --write-out "%{http_code}" "USD{POLICY_ENGINE_GRAPH_URI}?channel=stable-4.6")"; if test "USD{HTTP_CODE}" -eq 200; then break; fi; echo "USD{HTTP_CODE}"; done
NAMESPACE=openshift-update-service
NAME=service
POLICY_ENGINE_GRAPH_URI="USD(oc -n "USD{NAMESPACE}" get -o jsonpath='{.status.policyEngineURI}/api/upgrades_info/v1/graph{"\n"}' updateservice "USD{NAME}")"
PATCH="{\"spec\":{\"upstream\":\"USD{POLICY_ENGINE_GRAPH_URI}\"}}"
oc patch clusterversion version -p USDPATCH --type merge
oc get machinehealthcheck -n openshift-machine-api
oc -n openshift-machine-api annotate mhc <mhc-name> cluster.x-k8s.io/paused=""
apiVersion: machine.openshift.io/v1beta1 kind: MachineHealthCheck metadata: name: example namespace: openshift-machine-api annotations: cluster.x-k8s.io/paused: "" spec: selector: matchLabels: role: worker unhealthyConditions: - type: "Ready" status: "Unknown" timeout: "300s" - type: "Ready" status: "False" timeout: "300s" maxUnhealthy: "40%" status: currentHealthy: 5 expectedMachines: 5
oc -n openshift-machine-api annotate mhc <mhc-name> cluster.x-k8s.io/paused-
oc adm release info -o 'jsonpath={.digest}{"\n"}' quay.io/openshift-release-dev/ocp-release:USD{OCP_RELEASE_VERSION}-USD{ARCHITECTURE}
sha256:a8bfba3b6dddd1a2fbbead7dac65fe4fb8335089e4e7cae327f3bad334add31d
oc adm upgrade --allow-explicit-upgrade --to-image USD{LOCAL_REGISTRY}/USD{LOCAL_REPOSITORY}@<digest> 1
skopeo copy docker://registry.access.redhat.com/ubi8/ubi-minimal@sha256:5cfbaf45ca96806917830c183e9f37df2e913b187adb32e89fd83fa455ebaa6 docker://example.io/example/ubi-minimal
apiVersion: operator.openshift.io/v1alpha1 kind: ImageContentSourcePolicy metadata: name: ubi8repo spec: repositoryDigestMirrors: - mirrors: - example.io/example/ubi-minimal 1 - example.com/example/ubi-minimal 2 source: registry.access.redhat.com/ubi8/ubi-minimal 3 - mirrors: - mirror.example.com/redhat source: registry.redhat.io/openshift4 4 - mirrors: - mirror.example.com source: registry.redhat.io 5 - mirrors: - mirror.example.net/image source: registry.example.com/example/myimage 6 - mirrors: - mirror.example.net source: registry.example.com/example 7 - mirrors: - mirror.example.net/registry-example-com source: registry.example.com 8
oc create -f registryrepomirror.yaml
oc get node
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION ip-10-0-137-44.ec2.internal Ready worker 7m v1.24.0 ip-10-0-138-148.ec2.internal Ready master 11m v1.24.0 ip-10-0-139-122.ec2.internal Ready master 11m v1.24.0 ip-10-0-147-35.ec2.internal Ready worker 7m v1.24.0 ip-10-0-153-12.ec2.internal Ready worker 7m v1.24.0 ip-10-0-154-10.ec2.internal Ready master 11m v1.24.0
oc debug node/ip-10-0-147-35.ec2.internal
Starting pod/ip-10-0-147-35ec2internal-debug To use host binaries, run `chroot /host`
sh-4.2# chroot /host
sh-4.2# cat /etc/containers/registries.conf
unqualified-search-registries = ["registry.access.redhat.com", "docker.io"] short-name-mode = "" [[registry]] prefix = "" location = "registry.access.redhat.com/ubi8/ubi-minimal" mirror-by-digest-only = true [[registry.mirror]] location = "example.io/example/ubi-minimal" [[registry.mirror]] location = "example.com/example/ubi-minimal" [[registry]] prefix = "" location = "registry.example.com" mirror-by-digest-only = true [[registry.mirror]] location = "mirror.example.net/registry-example-com" [[registry]] prefix = "" location = "registry.example.com/example" mirror-by-digest-only = true [[registry.mirror]] location = "mirror.example.net" [[registry]] prefix = "" location = "registry.example.com/example/myimage" mirror-by-digest-only = true [[registry.mirror]] location = "mirror.example.net/image" [[registry]] prefix = "" location = "registry.redhat.io" mirror-by-digest-only = true [[registry.mirror]] location = "mirror.example.com" [[registry]] prefix = "" location = "registry.redhat.io/openshift4" mirror-by-digest-only = true [[registry.mirror]] location = "mirror.example.com/redhat"
sh-4.2# podman pull --log-level=debug registry.access.redhat.com/ubi8/ubi-minimal@sha256:5cfbaf45ca96806917830c183e9f37df2e913b187adb32e89fd83fa455ebaa6
oc adm catalog mirror <local_registry>/<pull_spec> <local_registry> -a <pull_secret_file> --icsp-scope=registry
oc apply -f imageContentSourcePolicy.yaml
oc get ImageContentSourcePolicy -o yaml
apiVersion: v1 items: - apiVersion: operator.openshift.io/v1alpha1 kind: ImageContentSourcePolicy metadata: annotations: kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration: | {"apiVersion":"operator.openshift.io/v1alpha1","kind":"ImageContentSourcePolicy","metadata":{"annotations":{},"name":"redhat-operator-index"},"spec":{"repositoryDigestMirrors":[{"mirrors":["local.registry:5000"],"source":"registry.redhat.io"}]}}
oc get updateservice -n openshift-update-service
NAME AGE service 6s
oc delete updateservice service -n openshift-update-service
updateservice.updateservice.operator.openshift.io "service" deleted
oc project openshift-update-service
Now using project "openshift-update-service" on server "https://example.com:6443".
oc get operatorgroup
NAME AGE openshift-update-service-fprx2 4m41s
oc delete operatorgroup openshift-update-service-fprx2
operatorgroup.operators.coreos.com "openshift-update-service-fprx2" deleted
oc get subscription
NAME PACKAGE SOURCE CHANNEL update-service-operator update-service-operator updateservice-index-catalog v1
oc get subscription update-service-operator -o yaml | grep " currentCSV"
currentCSV: update-service-operator.v0.0.1
oc delete subscription update-service-operator
subscription.operators.coreos.com "update-service-operator" deleted
oc delete clusterserviceversion update-service-operator.v0.0.1
clusterserviceversion.operators.coreos.com "update-service-operator.v0.0.1" deleted