Chapter 4. Fencing Controller nodes with STONITH Fencing is the process of isolating a failed node to protect the cluster and the cluster resources. Without fencing, a failed node might result in data corruption in a cluster. Director uses Pacemaker to provide a highly available cluster of Controller nodes. Pacemaker uses a process called STONITH to fence failed nodes. STONITH is an acronym for "Shoot the other node in the head". STONITH is disabled by default and requires manual configuration so that Pacemaker can control the power management of each node in the cluster. If a Controller node fails a health check, the Controller node that acts as the Pacemaker designated coordinator (DC) uses the Pacemaker stonith service to fence the impacted Controller node. Important Deploying a highly available overcloud without STONITH is not supported. You must configure a STONITH device for each node that is a part of the Pacemaker cluster in a highly available overcloud. For more information on STONITH and Pacemaker, see Fencing in a Red Hat High Availability Cluster and Support Policies for RHEL High Availability Clusters . 4.1. Supported fencing agents When you deploy a high availability environment with fencing, you can choose the fencing agents based on your environment needs. To change the fencing agent, you must configure additional parameters in the fencing.yaml file. Red Hat OpenStack Platform (RHOSP) supports the following fencing agents: Intelligent Platform Management Interface (IPMI) Default fencing mechanism that Red Hat OpenStack Platform (RHOSP) uses to manage fencing. STONITH Block Device (SBD) The SBD (Storage-Based Death) daemon integrates with Pacemaker and a watchdog device to arrange for nodes to reliably shut down when fencing is triggered and in cases where traditional fencing mechanisms are not available. Important SBD fencing is not supported in clusters with remote bare metal or virtual machine nodes that use pacemaker_remote , so it is not supported if your deployment uses Instance HA. fence_sbd and sbd poison-pill fencing with block storage devices are not supported. SBD fencing is only supported with compatible watchdog devices. For more information, see Support Policies for RHEL High Availability Clusters - sbd and fence_sbd . fence_kdump Use in deployments with the kdump crash recovery service. If you choose this agent, ensure that you have enough disk space to store the dump files. You can configure this agent as a secondary mechanism in addition to the IPMI, fence_rhevm , or Redfish fencing agents. If you configure multiple fencing agents, make sure that you allocate enough time for the first agent to complete the task before the second agent starts the task. Important RHOSP director supports only the configuration of the fence_kdump STONITH agent, and not the configuration of the full kdump service that the fencing agent depends on. For information about configuring the kdump service, see the Red Hat Knowledgebase solution How do I configure fence_kdump in a Red Hat Pacemaker cluster . fence_kdump is not supported if the Pacemaker network traffic interface uses ovs_bridges , ovs_bonds , or a VLAN on top of a Linux bridge. To enable fence_kdump , you must change the network device to linux_bond or linux_bridge . For information about VLANs and kdump , see the Red Hat Knowledgebase solution What VLAN configurations are supported for kdump? . For more information about network interface configuration, see Network interface reference . Redfish Use in deployments with servers that support the DMTF Redfish APIs. To specify this agent, change the value of the agent parameter to fence_redfish in the fencing.yaml file. For more information about Redfish, see the DTMF Documentation . fence_rhevm for Red Hat Virtualization (RHV) Use to configure fencing for Controller nodes that run in RHV environments. You can generate the fencing.yaml file in the same way as you do for IPMI fencing, but you must define the pm_type parameter in the nodes.json file to use RHV. By default, the ssl_insecure parameter is set to accept self-signed certificates. You can change the parameter value based on your security requirements. Important Ensure that you use a role that has permissions to create and launch virtual machines in RHV, such as UserVMManager . Multi-layered fencing You can configure multiple fencing agents to support complex fencing use cases. For example, you can configure IPMI fencing together with fence_kdump . The order of the fencing agents determines the order in which Pacemaker triggers each mechanism. Additional resources Section 4.2, "Deploying fencing on the overcloud" Section 4.3, "Testing fencing on the overcloud" Section 4.5, "Fencing parameters" 4.2. Deploying fencing on the overcloud To deploy fencing on the overcloud, first review the state of STONITH and Pacemaker and configure the fencing.yaml file. Then, deploy the overcloud and configure additional parameters. Finally, test that fencing is deployed correctly on the overcloud. Prerequisites Choose the correct fencing agent for your deployment. For the list of supported fencing agents, see Section 4.1, "Supported fencing agents" . Ensure that you can access the nodes.json file that you created when you registered your nodes in director. This file is a required input for the fencing.yaml file that you generate during deployment. The nodes.json file must contain the MAC address of one of the network interfaces (NICs) on the node. For more information, see Registering Nodes for the Overcloud . If you use the Red Hat Virtualization (RHV) fencing agent, use a role that has permissions to manage virtual machines, such as UserVMManager . Procedure Log in to each Controller node as the heat-admin user. Verify that the cluster is running: Example output: Verify that STONITH is disabled: Example output: Depending on the fencing agent that you want to use, choose one of the following options: If you use the IPMI or RHV fencing agent, generate the fencing.yaml environment file: Note This command converts ilo and drac power management details to IPMI equivalents. If you use a different fencing agent, such as STONITH Block Device (SBD), fence_kdump , or Redfish, or if you use pre-provisioned nodes, create the fencing.yaml file manually. SBD fencing only: Add the following parameter to the fencing.yaml file: Note This step is applicable to initial overcloud deployments only. For more information about how to enable SBD fencing on an existing overcloud, see Enabling sbd fencing in RHEL 7 and 8 . Multi-layered fencing only: Add the level-specific parameters to the generated fencing.yaml file: Replace <parameter> and <value> with the actual parameters and values that the fencing agent requires. Run the overcloud deploy command and include the fencing.yaml file and any other environment files that are relevant for your deployment: SBD fencing only: Set the watchdog timer device interval and check that the interval is set correctly. Verification Log in to the overcloud as the heat-admin user and ensure that Pacemaker is configured as the resource manager: In this example, Pacemaker is configured to use a STONITH resource for each of the Controller nodes that are specified in the fencing.yaml file. Note You must not configure the fence-resource process on the same node that it controls. Check the fencing resource attributes. The STONITH attribute values must match the values in the fencing.yaml file: Additional Resources Section 4.3, "Testing fencing on the overcloud" Section 4.5, "Fencing parameters" Exploring RHEL High Availability's Components - sbd and fence_sbd 4.3. Testing fencing on the overcloud To test that fencing works correctly, trigger fencing by closing all ports on a Controller node and restarting the server. Important This procedure deliberately drops all connections to the Controller node, which causes the node to restart. Prerequisites Fencing is deployed and running on the overcloud. For information on how to deploy fencing, see Section 4.2, "Deploying fencing on the overcloud" . Controller node is available for a restart. Procedure Log in to a Controller node as the stack user and source the credentials file: Change to the root user and close all connections to the Controller node: From a different Controller node, locate the fencing event in the Pacemaker log file: If the STONITH service performed the fencing action on the Controller, the log file shows a fencing event. Wait a few minutes and then verify that the restarted Controller node is running in the cluster again by running the pcs status command. If you can see the Controller node that you restarted in the output, fencing functions correctly. 4.4. Viewing STONITH device information To see how STONITH configures your fencing devices, run the pcs stonith show --full command from the overcloud. Prerequisites Fencing is deployed and running on the overcloud. For information on how to deploy fencing, see Section 4.2, "Deploying fencing on the overcloud" . Procedure Show the list of Controller nodes and the status of their STONITH devices: This output shows the following information for each resource: IPMI power management service that the fencing device uses to turn the machines on and off as needed, such as fence_ipmilan . IP address of the IPMI interface, such as 10.100.0.51 . User name to log in with, such as admin . Password to use to log in to the node, such as abc . Interval in seconds at which each host is monitored, such as 60s . 4.5. Fencing parameters When you deploy fencing on the overcloud, you generate the fencing.yaml file with the required parameters to configure fencing. The following example shows the structure of the fencing.yaml environment file: This file contains the following parameters: EnableFencing Enables the fencing functionality for Pacemaker-managed nodes. FencingConfig Lists the fencing devices and the parameters for each device: agent : Fencing agent name. host_mac : The mac address in lowercase of the provisioning interface or any other network interface on the server. You can use this as a unique identifier for the fencing device. params : List of fencing device parameters. Fencing device parameters Lists the fencing device parameters. This example shows the parameters for the IPMI fencing agent: auth : IPMI authentication type ( md5 , password , or none). ipaddr : IPMI IP address. ipport : IPMI port. login : Username for the IPMI device. passwd : Password for the IPMI device. lanplus : Use lanplus to improve security of connection. privlvl : Privilege level on IPMI device pcmk_host_list : List of Pacemaker hosts. Additional resources Section 4.2, "Deploying fencing on the overcloud" Section 4.1, "Supported fencing agents" 4.6. Additional resources "Configuring fencing in a Red Hat High Availability cluster"

Commands:
sudo pcs status
Cluster name: openstackHA Last updated: Wed Jun 24 12:40:27 2015 Last change: Wed Jun 24 11:36:18 2015 Stack: corosync Current DC: lb-c1a2 (2) - partition with quorum Version: 1.1.12-a14efad 3 Nodes configured 141 Resources configured
sudo pcs property show
Cluster Properties: cluster-infrastructure: corosync cluster-name: openstackHA dc-version: 1.1.12-a14efad have-watchdog: false stonith-enabled: false
(undercloud) USD openstack overcloud generate fencing --output fencing.yaml nodes.json
parameter_defaults: ExtraConfig: pacemaker::corosync::enable_sbd: true
parameter_defaults: EnableFencing: true FencingConfig: devices: level1: - agent: [VALUE] host_mac: "aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff" params: <parameter>: <value> level2: - agent: fence_agent2 host_mac: "aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff" params: <parameter>: <value>
openstack overcloud deploy --templates -e /usr/share/openstack-tripleo-heat-templates/environments/network-isolation.yaml -e ~/templates/network-environment.yaml -e ~/templates/storage-environment.yaml --ntp-server pool.ntp.org --neutron-network-type vxlan --neutron-tunnel-types vxlan -e fencing.yaml
pcs property set stonith-watchdog-timeout=<interval> pcs property show
source stackrc openstack server list | grep controller ssh heat-admin@<controller-x_ip> sudo pcs status | grep fence stonith-overcloud-controller-x (stonith:fence_ipmilan): Started overcloud-controller-y
sudo pcs stonith show <stonith-resource-controller-x>
source stackrc openstack server list | grep controller ssh heat-admin@<controller-x_ip>
sudo -i iptables -A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT && iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT && iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 5016 -j ACCEPT && iptables -A INPUT -p udp -m state --state NEW -m udp --dport 5016 -j ACCEPT && iptables -A INPUT ! -i lo -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited && iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 22 -j ACCEPT && iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 5016 -j ACCEPT && iptables -A OUTPUT -p udp --sport 5016 -j ACCEPT && iptables -A OUTPUT ! -o lo -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
ssh heat-admin@<controller-x_ip> less /var/log/cluster/corosync.log (less): /fenc*
sudo pcs stonith show --full Resource: my-ipmilan-for-controller-0 (class=stonith type=fence_ipmilan) Attributes: pcmk_host_list=overcloud-controller-0 ipaddr=10.100.0.51 login=admin passwd=abc lanplus=1 cipher=3 Operations: monitor interval=60s (my-ipmilan-for-controller-0-monitor-interval-60s) Resource: my-ipmilan-for-controller-1 (class=stonith type=fence_ipmilan) Attributes: pcmk_host_list=overcloud-controller-1 ipaddr= 10.100.0.52 login=admin passwd=abc lanplus=1 cipher=3 Operations: monitor interval=60s (my-ipmilan-for-controller-1-monitor-interval-60s) Resource: my-ipmilan-for-controller-2 (class=stonith type=fence_ipmilan) Attributes: pcmk_host_list=overcloud-controller-2 ipaddr= 10.100.0.53 login=admin passwd=abc lanplus=1 cipher=3 Operations: monitor interval=60s (my-ipmilan-for-controller-2-monitor-interval-60s)
parameter_defaults: EnableFencing: true FencingConfig: devices: - agent: fence_ipmilan host_mac: "11:11:11:11:11:11" params: ipaddr: 10.0.0.101 lanplus: true login: admin passwd: InsertComplexPasswordHere pcmk_host_list: host04 privlvl: administrator