Chapter 9. Scanning pod images with the Container Security Operator The Container Security Operator (CSO) is an addon for the Clair security scanner available on OpenShift Container Platform and other Kubernetes platforms. With the CSO, users can scan container images associated with active pods for known vulnerabilities. Note The CSO does not work without Red Hat Quay and Clair. The Container Security Operator (CSO) includes the following features: Watches containers associated with pods on either specified or all namespaces. Queries the container registry where the containers came from for vulnerability information, provided that an image's registry supports image scanning, such a a Red Hat Quay registry with Clair scanning. Exposes vulnerabilities through the ImageManifestVuln object in the Kubernetes API. Note To see instructions on installing the CSO on Kubernetes, select the Install button from the Container Security OperatorHub.io page. 9.1. Downloading and running the Container Security Operator in OpenShift Container Platform Use the following procedure to download the Container Security Operator (CSO). Note In the following procedure, the CSO is installed in the marketplace-operators namespace. This allows the CSO to be used in all namespaces of your OpenShift Container Platform cluster. Procedure On the OpenShift Container Platform console page, select Operators OperatorHub and search for Container Security Operator . Select the Container Security Operator, then select Install to go to the Create Operator Subscription page. Check the settings (all namespaces and automatic approval strategy, by default), and select Subscribe . The Container Security appears after a few moments on the Installed Operators screen. Optional: you can add custom certificates to the CSO. In this example, create a certificate named quay.crt in the current directory. Then, run the following command to add the certificate to the CSO: USD oc create secret generic container-security-operator-extra-certs --from-file=quay.crt -n openshift-operators Note You must restart the Operator pod for the new certificates to take effect. Navigate to Home Overview . A link to Image Vulnerabilities appears under the status section, with a listing of the number of vulnerabilities found so far. Select the link to see a security breakdown, as shown in the following image: Important The Container Security Operator currently provides broken links for Red Hat Security advisories. For example, the following link might be provided: https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:1842%20https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2023-23916 . The %20 in the URL represents a space character, however it currently results in the combination of the two URLs into one incomplete URL, for example, https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:1842 and https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2023-23916 . As a temporary workaround, you can copy each URL into your browser to navigate to the proper page. This is a known issue and will be fixed in a future version of Red Hat Quay. You can do one of two things at this point to follow up on any detected vulnerabilities: Select the link to the vulnerability. You are taken to the container registry, Red Hat Quay or other registry where the container came from, where you can see information about the vulnerability. The following figure shows an example of detected vulnerabilities from a Quay.io registry: Select the namespaces link to go to the Image Manifest Vulnerabilities page, where you can see the name of the selected image and all namespaces where that image is running. The following figure indicates that a particular vulnerable image is running in two namespaces: After executing this procedure, you are made aware of what images are vulnerable, what you must do to fix those vulnerabilities, and every namespace that the image was run in. Knowing this, you can perform the following actions: Alert users who are running the image that they need to correct the vulnerability. Stop the images from running by deleting the deployment or the object that started the pod that the image is in. Note If you delete the pod, it might take a few minutes for the vulnerability to reset on the dashboard. 9.2. Querying image vulnerabilities from the CLI Use the following procedure to query image vulnerabilities from the command line interface (CLI). Procedure Enter the following command to query for detected vulnerabilities: USD oc get vuln --all-namespaces Example output NAMESPACE NAME AGE default sha256.ca90... 6m56s skynet sha256.ca90... 9m37s Optional. To display details for a particular vulnerability, identify a specific vulnerability and its namespace, and use the oc describe command. The following example shows an active container whose image includes an RPM package with a vulnerability: USD oc describe vuln --namespace <namespace> sha256.ac50e3752... Example output Name: sha256.ac50e3752... Namespace: quay-enterprise ... Spec: Features: Name: nss-util Namespace Name: centos:7 Version: 3.44.0-3.el7 Versionformat: rpm Vulnerabilities: Description: Network Security Services (NSS) is a set of libraries... 9.3. Uninstalling the Container Security Operator To uninstall the Container Security Operator from your OpenShift Container Platform deployment, you must uninstall the Operator and delete the imagemanifestvulns.secscan.quay.redhat.com custom resource definition (CRD). Without removing the CRD, image vulnerabilities are still reported on the OpenShift Container Platform Overview page. Procedure On the OpenShift Container Platform web console, click Operators Installed Operators . Click the menu kebab of the Container Security Operator. Click Uninstall Operator . Confirm your decision by clicking Uninstall in the popup window. Remove the imagemanifestvulns.secscan.quay.redhat.com custom resource definition by entering the following command: USD oc delete customresourcedefinition imagemanifestvulns.secscan.quay.redhat.com Example output customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io "imagemanifestvulns.secscan.quay.redhat.com" deleted

Commands:
oc create secret generic container-security-operator-extra-certs --from-file=quay.crt -n openshift-operators
oc get vuln --all-namespaces
NAMESPACE NAME AGE default sha256.ca90... 6m56s skynet sha256.ca90... 9m37s
oc describe vuln --namespace <namespace> sha256.ac50e3752
Name: sha256.ac50e3752 Namespace: quay-enterprise Spec: Features: Name: nss-util Namespace Name: centos:7 Version: 3.44.0-3.el7 Versionformat: rpm Vulnerabilities: Description: Network Security Services (NSS) is a set of libraries
oc delete customresourcedefinition imagemanifestvulns.secscan.quay.redhat.com
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io "imagemanifestvulns.secscan.quay.redhat.com" deleted