Mata
Mata (kutoka Kiingereza matter: kwa Kiswahili pia "maada") ni neno pana linalojumlisha vyote vinavyoweza kuonekana, kusikika, kuguswa, kuchunguzwa n.k., ikiwemo hasa mata ya kawaida inayoundwa na atomi ambazo tena zinaundwa na kiini cha protoni na neutroni, kikizungukwa na wingu la elektroni.[1][2]
Tangu karne ya 20 ufafanuzi sahihi wa mata umeshindikana kutokana na maendeleo ya sayansi, nayo si tena jambo la msingi katika fizikia kama ilivyokuwa awali.[3][4]
Mata inapatikana kwa kawaida katika hali nne: mango, kiowevu, gesi na plazma.
Hivyo matawi mbalimbali ya sayansi yanatumia neno mata kwa maana tofautitofauti.[5][6][7]Falsafa pia inatumia neno hilo, hasa kwa kutofautisha mata na roho, na hivyo ulimwengu unaoonekana na ule ambao hauonekani, lakini unasadikika kuwepo.
Stephen Toulmin and June Goodfield, The Architecture of Matter (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1962). Richard J. Connell, Matter and Becoming (Chicago: The Priory Press, 1966). Ernan McMullin, The Concept of Matter in Greek and Medieval Philosophy (Notre Dame, Indiana: Univ. of Notre Dame Press, 1965). Ernan McMullin, The Concept of Matter in Modern Philosophy (Notre Dame, Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press, 1978).
How much Matter is in the Universe? – Conversations About Science with Theoretical Physicist Matt Strassler
Jamii:Fizikia Jamii:Falsafa