モルキンスキンナ

『モルキンスキンナ』（古ノルド語: Morkinskinna）とは、古ノルド語で書かれた王のサガである。およそ1025年から1157年までのノルウェーの王たちの歴史が綴られている。このサガは1220年ごろにアイスランドで書かれ、1275年ごろに作成された写本が現存している。 「モルキンスキンナ」という書名は「腐った羊皮紙」を意味し、元々は先述した写本自体の名前であった。この写本は一般に GKS 1009 fol という写本記号で表され、現在はコペンハーゲンのデンマーク王立図書館に所蔵されている。1662年に Þormóður Torfason (Tormod Torfæus) によってアイスランドからデンマークに持ち込まれた。 英語訳は Theodore M. Andersson と Kari Ellen Gade によるものが2000年に刊行された。原文の校訂版であるアイスランド古典叢書（英語版）版は2011年に刊行された。 サガは1025-1026年から始まっている。シグル2世（英語版）の死（1155年）に関する記述ののち、1157年の段階で唐突に終わっている。元々はもっと長く、1177年まで記述されていたであろうと考えられている。なぜならば『モルキンスキンナ』を出典とした『ファグルスキンナ』および『ヘイムスクリングラ』における記述がその年で終わっているからである。サガ（歴史書）としての内容以外にも、本文中にはスカルド詩からの引用がふんだんに組み入れられており（約270スタンザ）、サットルと呼ばれるアイスランドの小話も多数含まれている 以降で、『モルキンスキンナ』中の章を概観する。これらの章（全100章）を、各ノルウェー王の在位期間で年代順に切り分けた。 1. Here begins the saga of Magnús and Haraldr [his uncle] 2. Concerning Sveinn 3. Concerning King Magnús's feasts 4. Concerning King Magnús 5. Concerning the declaration of war against Magnús and concerning the Duke 6. King Magnús in Jutland 7. King Magnús's stay in Jutland 8. How King Haraldr set sail when he came to Skáney 9. Concerning Haraldr's travels 10. Concerning Norðbrikt [=Haraldr]'s travels 11. Concerning a declaration of war 12. Concerning the raids of Norðbrikt and jarl Gyrgir 13. Haraldr's journey to Jerusalem 14. Concerning King Magnús's meeting with Haraldr 15. The slandering of Þorkell 16. Concerning King Magnús 17. How King Magnús bestowed a jarldom on Ormr 18. On the dispute between the kings 19. Concerning the kings 20. Concerning Þorsteinn Hallsson 21. Concerning the kings 22. The good counsels of King Haraldr 23. Concerning King Magnús and Margét 24. Hreiðars þáttr ["The tale of Hreiðarr"] 25. How the kings harried and how the king's mother granted a captive his life 26. King Magnús dies [1047] 27. Haraldr's thingmeeting 28. King Magnús's funeral voyage 29. Haraldr's thingmeeting 30. Halldórs þáttr Snorrasonar 31. [On King Haraldr's campaign in Denmark] 32. Concerning King Haraldr 33. Concerning the disagreement between the king and Einarr Þambarskelfir 34. Concerning an Icelander 35. Concerning King Haraldr's wise counsels 36. How Auðunn from the Westfjords brought King Sveinn a bear [Auðunar þáttr vestfirzka] 37. Concerning King Haraldr and the Upplanders 38. Concerning King Haraldr and Brandr örvi (the Open-Handed) 39. Concerning King Haraldr 40. Concerning the storytelling of an Icelander [Íslendings þáttr sögufróða] 41. Concerning Þorvarðr krákunel's gift of a sail to King Haraldr 42. Concerning King Haraldr and Hákon 43. Sneglu-Halla þáttr. 44. [The king encounters a man in a boat] 45. [Concerning King Haraldr and a dear friend of Tryggvi Óláfsson] 46. [Concerning Gizurr Ísleifsson] 47. Concerning Stúfr enn blindi 48. Concerning Oddr Ófeigsson 49. How it came about that King Haraldr journeyed to the West 50. The treachery against King Haraldr 51. Óláfr Haraldsson's return to Norway 52. The death of King Harold Godwinson [1066] 53. The saga of King Óláfr kyrri "the Quiet" 54. Concerning King Óláfr and the Kráku-karl (Crow Man) 55. The Saga of King Magnús berfœttr 56. Concerning King Magnús and Sveinki Steinarsson 57. Concerning King Magnús's harrying 58. Concerning King Magnús 59. Concerning King Magnús's death 60. The beginning of the rule of King Magnús's sons 61. The story of King Sigurðr's adventures 62. Concerning the gifts of Emperor Kirjalax (Alexius I Konnenos) 63. Concerning King Sigurðr's feast 64. Concerning King Eysteinn 65. Concerning King Eysteinn and Ívarr 66. Concerning the king's genealogies 67. Concerning King Sigurðr's dream 68. The dealings of King Eysteinn and Ingimarr with Ásu-Þorðr 69. The death of King Óláfr Magnússon [1115] 70. An account of legal dealings between King Sigurðr and King Eysteinn (Þinga saga) 71. The contest of the kings 72. Concerning Þórarinn stuttfeldr 73. Concerning the death of King Eysteinn [1123] 74. Concerning King Sigurðr and Óttarr 75. Concerning King Sigurðr and Erlendr 76. Concerning Haraldr gilli 77. Concerning King Sigurðr and Áslák hani (Rooster) 78. Concerning King Sigurðr 79. Concerning the bet between Magnús and Haraldr 80. Concerning King Sigurðr and Bishop Magni 81. The Death of King Sigurðr [1130] 82. Concerning Haraldr and Magnús 83. The gifts of King Haraldr to Bishop Magnús 84. The story of Sigurðr slembidjákn 85. Concerning Sigurðr slembir 86. The slaying of King Haraldr [by Sigurðr slembidjákn in 1136] 87. Concerning King Sigurðr slembir 88. Concerning King Haraldr's sons 89. Concerning Sigurðr 90. Concerning King Sigurðr slembir 91. King Ingi's letter 92. Concerning Sigurðr slembir 93. Concerning King Sigurðr slembir 94. The slaying of Óttarr birtingr 95. [no title] 96. Concerning King Sigurðr 97. Concerning King Eysteinn 98. The slaying of Geirsteinn 99. [no title] 100. Concerning the death of King Sigurðr [1155] ^ GKS は Den gamle kongelige Samling の略。 ^ http://www.kb.dk/kultur/expo/klenod/mork.htm ^ これらのテキストについては「Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages」を参照。 ^ 『モルキンスキンナ』中におけるサットルの機能については Ármann Jakobsson『The Amplified Saga』を参照。 ^ 以降に並べる章題は、Andersson と Gade による英訳（2000年）に従った。 Finnur Jónsson (ed.). Morkinskinna. Copenhagen: Samfund til udgivelse af gammel nordisk litteratur, 1932. Available online from Septentrionalia. Ármann Jakobsson and Þórður Ingi Guðjónsson (ed.). Morkinskinna I-II. Íslenzk fornrit 23–24. Reykjavík: Hið íslenzka fornritafélag, 2011. Andersson, Theodore Murdock and Kari Ellen Gade (trs.). Morkinskinna: The Earliest Icelandic Chronicle of the Norwegian Kings (1030-1157). Islandica 51. Ithaca: Cornell University Press（英語版）, 2000. With introduction. ISBN 0-8014-3694-X Ármann Jakobsson, "Den kluntede afskriver: Finnur Jónsson og Morkinskinna." Opuscula 11 (2003): 289–306. Ármann Jakobsson, Staður í nýjum heimi. Konungasagan Morkinskinna. Reykjavík: Háskólaútgáfan, 2002. Ármann Jakobsson, "The Amplified Saga: Structural Disunity in Morkinskinna." Medium Ævum 70.1 (2001): 29-46. Ármann Jakobsson, "The Individual and the Ideal: The Representation of Royalty in Morkinskinna." Journal of English and Germanic Philology 99.1 (2000): 71-86. Ármann Jakobsson, "Rundt om kongen. En genvurdering af Morkinskinna." Maal og Minne 1 (1999): 71-90. Available online. Ármann Jakobsson, "King and Subject in Morkinskinna." Skandinavistik 28 (1998): 101-117. Indrebø, Gustav, "Harald haardraade in Morkinskinna." In Festskrift til Finnur Jónsson, ed. Johs. Brøndum-Nielsen et al. Copenhagen: Levin & Munksgaard, 192. 173-80. Kalinke, Marianne, "Sigurðar saga jórsalafara: The Fictionalization of Fact in Morkinskinna." Scandinavian Studies 56.2 (1984): 152-67. Sandaaker, Odd, "Ágrip og Morkinskinna. Teksthistoriske randnotar." Maal og Minne (1996). 31-56. Finnur Jónsson. (Ed.) (1932). Morkinskinna. Copenhagen: Samfund til udgivelse af gammel nordisk litteratur. Available in pdf format at septentrionalia.net. New Íslenzk fornrit edition [1] Comprehensive list of skaldic poetry cited in Morkinskinna, Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages. Proverbs and proverbial materials in Morkinskinna