タイ科

タイ科はスズキ目に属する海水魚の科の一つ。 全世界の熱帯から温帯に分布する。主に肉食性で、底生の貝類や甲殻類を食べる。雌雄同体の種と、性転換を行う種が存在する。 名称（和名・方言名）に「タイ」と付く魚もタイ科に含まれない種が多数ある。 36属におよそ125種が属する。 Acanthopagrus 属 Acanthopagrus akazakii Iwatsuki, Kimura & Yoshino, 2006 Acanthopagrus australis (Gunther, 1859) , yellowfin bream Acanthopagrus berda (Forsskål, 1775), picnic seabream Acanthopagrus bifasciatus (Forsskål, 1775), twobar seabream Acanthopagrus butcheri (Munro, 1949), southern black bream キチヌ Acanthopagrus latus (Houttuyn, 1782), yellowfin seabream Acanthopagrus palmaris (Whitley, 1935), northwest black bream Acanthopagrus schlegelii czerskii (Berg, 1914) クロダイ Acanthopagrus schlegelii schlegelii (Bleeker, 1854), black porgy ミナミクロダイ Acanthopagrus sivicolus (Akazaki, 1962), Okinawa seabream Acanthopagrus taiwanensis (Iwatsuki & Carpenter, 2006) Allotaius 属 Allotaius spariformis (Ogilby, 1910) Archosargus 属 Archosargus pourtalesii (Steindachner, 1881), blackspot porgy Archosargus probatocephalus (Walbaum, 1792), sheepshead seabream Archosargus rhomboidalis (Linnaeus, 1758), western Atlantic seabream Argyrops 属 タイワンダイ Argyrops bleekeri (Oshima, 1927), Taiwan tai Argyrops filamentosus (Valenciennes, 1830), soldierbream Argyrops megalommatus (Klunzinger, 1870) Argyrops spinifer (Forsskål, 1775), king soldierbream Argyrozona 属 Argyrozona argyrozona (Valenciennes, 1830), carpenter seabream Boops 属 Boops boops (Linnaeus, 1758), bogue Boops lineatus (Boulenger, 1892), striped boga Boopsoidea 属 Boopsoidea inornata (Castelnau, 1861), fransmadam Calamus 属 Calamus arctifrons (Goode & Bean, 1882), grass porgy Calamus bajonado (Bloch & Schneider, 1801), jolthead porgy Calamus brachysomus (Lockington, 1880), Pacific porgy Calamus calamus (Valenciennes, 1830), saucereye porgy Calamus campechanus (Randall & Caldwell, 1966), Campeche porgy Calamus cervigoni (Randall & Caldwell, 1966), spotfin porgy Calamus leucosteus (Jordan & Gilbert, 1885), whitebone porgy Calamus mu (Randall & Caldwell, 1966), flathead porgy Calamus nodosus (Randall & Caldwell, 1966), knobbed porgy Calamus penna (Valenciennes, 1830), sheepshead porgy Calamus pennatula (Guichenot, 1868), Pluma porgy Calamus proridens (Jordan & Gilbert, 1884), littlehead porgy Calamus taurinus (Jenyns, 1840), Galapagos porgy Cheimerius 属 Cheimerius matsubarai (Akazaki, 1962), hoshierenko Cheimerius nufar (Valenciennes, 1830), Santer seabream Chrysoblephus 属 Chrysoblephus anglicus (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908), Englishman seabream Chrysoblephus cristiceps (Valenciennes, 1830), daggerhead seabream Chrysoblephus gibbiceps (Valenciennes, 1830), red stumpnose seabream Chrysoblephus laticeps (Valenciennes, 1830), Roman seabream Chrysoblephus lophus (Fowler, 1925) Chrysoblephus puniceus (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908) マダイ属 Chrysophrys ゴウシュウマダイ Chrysophrys auratus (Forster, 1801) マダイ Chrysophrys major (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843) Crenidens 属 Crenidens crenidens (Forsskål, 1775), Karenteen seabream Cymatoceps 属 Cymatoceps nasutus (Castelnau, 1861), Poenskop seabream キダイ属 Dentex Dentex angolensis (Poll & Maul, 1953), Angola dentex Dentex barnardi (Cadenat, 1970), Barnard's dentex Dentex canariensis (Steindachner, 1881), Canary dentex Dentex congoensis (Poll, 1954), Congo dentex Dentex dentex (Linnaeus, 1758), common dentex Dentex fourmanoiri (Akazaki & Séret, 1999) Dentex gibbosus (Rafinesque, 1810), pink dentex Dentex macrophthalmus (Bloch, 1791), large-eye dentex Dentex maroccanus (Valenciennes, 1830), Morocco dentex キダイ Dentex tumifrons (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843), yellowback seabream Diplodus 属 Diplodus annularis (Linnaeus, 1758), annular seabream Diplodus argenteus argenteus (Valenciennes, 1830), South American silver porgy Diplodus argenteus caudimacula (Poey, 1860), silver porgy Diplodus bellottii (Steindachner, 1882), Senegal seabream Diplodus bermudensis (Caldwell, 1965), Bermuda porgy Diplodus capensis (Smith, 1844), Cape white seabream Diplodus cervinus cervinus (Lowe, 1838), zebra seabream Diplodus cervinus hottentotus (Smith, 1844), zebra Diplodus cervinus omanensis (Bauchot & Bianchi, 1984), Oman porgy Diplodus fasciatus (Valenciennes, 1830), banded seabream Diplodus holbrookii (Bean, 1878), spottail pinfish Diplodus noct (Valenciennes, 1830), Red Sea seabream Diplodus prayensis (Cadenat, 1964), two-banded seabream Diplodus puntazzo (Cetti, 1777), sharpsnout seabream Diplodus sargus ascensionis (Valenciennes, 1830) Diplodus sargus cadenati (de la Paz, Bauchot & Daget, 1974), Moroccan white seabream Diplodus sargus helenae (Sauvage, 1879), St. Helena white seabream Diplodus sargus kotschyi (Steindachner, 1876), one-spot seabream Diplodus sargus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1830) Diplodus sargus sargus (Linnaeus, 1758), white seabream Diplodus vulgaris (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817), common two-banded seabream Evynnis 属 Evynnis cardinalis (Lacepède, 1802), threadfin porgy チダイ Evynnis japonica (Tanaka, 1931), crimson seabream Gymnocrotaphus 属 Gymnocrotaphus curvidens (Günther, 1859), janbruin Lagodon 属 Lagodon rhomboides (Linnaeus, 1766), pinfish Lithognathus 属 Lithognathus aureti (Smith, 1962), west coast seabream Lithognathus lithognathus (Cuvier, 1829) , white steenbras Lithognathus mormyrus (Linnaeus, 1758), striped seabream Lithognathus olivieri (Penrith & Penrith, 1969), steenbras Oblada 属 Oblada melanura (Linnaeus, 1758), saddled seabream Pachymetopon 属 Pachymetopon aeneum (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908), blue hottentot Pachymetopon blochii (Valenciennes, 1830), Hottentot seabream Pachymetopon grande (Günther, 1859), bronze seabream Pagellus 属 Pagellus acarne (Risso, 1827), axillary seabream Pagellus affinis (Boulenger, 1888), Arabian pandora Pagellus bellottii (Steindachner, 1882), red pandora Pagellus bogaraveo (Brünnich, 1768), blackspot seabream Pagellus erythrinus (Linnaeus, 1758), common pandora Pagellus natalensis (Steindachner, 1903), Natal pandora Pagrus Pagrus africanus (Akazaki, 1962), southern common seabream Pagrus auriga (Valenciennes, 1843), redbanded seabream Pagrus caeruleostictus (Valenciennes, 1830), bluespotted seabream Pagrus pagrus (Linnaeus, 1758), common seabream Parargyrops 属 Parargyrops edita (Tanaka, 1916) Petrus 属 Petrus rupestris (Valenciennes, 1830), red steenbras Polyamblyodon 属 Polyamblyodon germanum (Barnard, 1934), German seabream Polyamblyodon gibbosum (Pellegrin, 1914), knife-back seabream Polysteganus 属 Polysteganus baissaci (Smith, 1978), Frenchman seabream Polysteganus coeruleopunctatus (Klunzinger, 1870), blueskin seabream Polysteganus mascarenensis Iwatsuki & Heemstra, 2011 Polysteganus praeorbitalis (Günther, 1859), Scotsman seabream Polysteganus undulosus (Regan, 1908), seventy-four seabream Porcostoma 属 Porcostoma dentata (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908), Dane seabream Ptreogymnus 属 Pterogymnus laniarius (Valenciennes, 1830), Panga seabream Rhabdosargus 属 Rhabdosargus globiceps (Valenciennes, 1830), white stumpnose Rhabdosargus haffara (Forsskål, 1775), Haffara seabream Rhabdosargus holubi (Steindachner, 1881), Cape stumpnose ヘダイ Rhabdosargus sarba (Forsskål, 1775), tarwhine Rhabdosargus thorpei (Smith, 1979), bigeye stumpnose Sarpa 属 Sarpa salpa (Linnaeus, 1758), salema Sparidentex 属 Sparidentex hasta (Valenciennes, 1830), Sobaity seabream Sparodon 属 Sparodon durbanensis (Castelnau, 1861), musselcracker seabream Sparus 属 ヨーロッパヘダイ Sparus aurata (Linnaeus, 1758), gilt-head seabream Spondyliosoma 属 Spondyliosoma cantharus (Linnaeus, 1758), black seabream Spondyliosoma emarginatum (Valenciennes, 1830), Steentje seabream Stenotomus 属 Stenotomus caprinus (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882), longspine porgy Stenotomus chrysops (Linnaeus, 1766), scup Virididentex 属 Virididentex acromegalus (Osório, 1911), bulldog dentex 分子系統解析では、大きく2つのクレードに分かれることが示されている。また、ケントラカントゥス科（英語版）のSpicara属は、系統的には本科に含まれる。 ^ a b Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2006). "Sparidae" in FishBase. April 2006 version. ^ 海の豆知識 Vol.47タイ公益財団法人海洋生物環境研究所 ^ Iwatsuki, Kimura & Yoshino (2006年). “A new sparid, Acanthopagrus akazakii, from New Caledonia with notes on nominal species of Acanthopagrus”. Ichthyological Research 53 (4): 406–414. doi:10.1007/s10228-006-0365-z.  ^ a b Chiba, Satoru N and Iwatsuki, Yukio and Yoshino, Tetsuo and Hanzawa, Naoto (2009年). “Comprehensive phylogeny of the family Sparidae (Perciformes: Teleostei) inferred from mitochondrial gene analyses”. Genes & genetic systems 84 (2): 153-170. doi:10.1266/ggs.84.153.  ^ Iwatsuki, Y. & Heemstra, P.C. (2011). "Polysteganus mascarenensis, a new sparid fish species from Mascarene Islands, Indian Ocean." Zootaxa 3018: 13-20. ^ Orrell, Thomas M and Carpenter, Kent E (2004年). “A phylogeny of the fish family Sparidae (porgies) inferred from mitochondrial sequence data”. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 32 (2): 425-434. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2004.01.012.