A urine culture and sensitivity test are used to detect and screen for diseases or medical issues related to urinary tract infection for people having symptoms like painful and frequent urination. The test helps doctors to know which bacteria are causing infections and what would the best medication to cure them. In other words, the sensitivity test after the urine culture test helps doctors identify which antibiotics can kill the issue-causing bacteria. Once people start taking medicines, they may undergo routine urinalysis to check how the treatment is going.