Ans. Gibbs free energy (G) is a thermodynamic potential that combines the enthalpy (H) and entropy (S) of a system. It helps determine the spontaneity of a chemical reaction.If ∆G is negative, the reaction is spontaneous and can occur without external influence. If ∆G is positive, the reaction is non-spontaneous and requires an input of energy to proceed. If ∆G is zero, the system is at equilibrium.