The DNS lookup process involves the following steps:
Query Initiation: The user enters a domain name in a web browser or a command-line tool.
Recursive Query: The local DNS resolver sends a request to a DNS server.
Root Server Contact: The DNS server queries a root server if it doesn’t have the necessary information.
TLD Server Contact: The root server directs the query to the appropriate Top-Level Domain (TLD) server.
Authoritative DNS Server: The TLD server directs the query to the authoritative DNS server for the domain.
Response: The authoritative DNS server responds with the IP address or other DNS records.