The problem with using alternative materials is that they can dull your rotary cutter on the first cut, but there are a number of things you can use instead of a cutting mat that will work just as well. Some of them include but may not be limited to:
Woodcutting Boards — They won’t move or slip very much, and they can be cheaper than a cutting mat if you go to the right place.
Laminate — This material is very smooth and is good for cutting slippery fabrics (such as chiffon). It’s not very expensive and can come in many different thicknesses.
PETG Sheets — These are made from food-safe materials, so they won’t affect your health. They can also come in a variety of thicknesses and sizes.
Shelf Liners — These are a cheap alternative to a large cutting mat. And with a little batting spray adhesive, they can hold the material in place. While their size is their only drawback, they can last for a long time.
3D Printing Mats — If own one or know someone who does, you can have this person print one out for you. They’re inexpensive, and they can make a mat according to your desired specifications.
If you’re looking for a surface on which to cut, you can use these alternatives to get the job done.