There are many types of potatoes, including russet, red, yukon gold, fingerling, and sweet potatoes. Russet potatoes are starchy and great for baking, while red potatoes are best for boiling or roasting. Yukon gold potatoes have a buttery flavor and work well in casseroles or mashed. Fingerlings are small and waxy, ideal for salads, and sweet potatoes are used in both sweet and savory dishes.