While the exact reason why people get eczema is still unknown, research suggests that eczema is caused by a combination of genetics and environmental triggers.
People who have eczema tend to either have an overactive immune system or a compromised skin barrier that doesn’t produce enough filaggrin, which is a key protein that protects and maintains the outer layer of skin. When they come into contact with a trigger, the body increases inflammation, which causes the dry, irritated, red patches that eczema is characterized by.