Caving and spelunking are two terms people often use interchangeably, but they represent distinct approaches to cave exploration. The term caving refers to the broader activity of exploring caves and underground passages, encompassing recreational and scientific purposes. It involves a range of techniques and specialized equipment, including rappelling, climbing, and surveying. Cavers often focus on mapping cave systems, studying geology, and conducting scientific research. On the other hand, spelunking refers to recreational cave exploration and is more casual and non-technical.