Five species of the genus Dactylorhiza are confirmed by herbarium specimens in Kaliningrad region: D. incarnata, D. majalis, D. longifolia (= D. baltica), D. maculata, and D. fuchsii. One more species, D. traunsteineri, was known to grow in the region until 1940; however, recently it is not confirmed by herbarium specimens. Only two species – D. longifolia and D. incarnata – are quite common and distributed almost over the whole territory of the region. The north-eastern border of distribution of D. majalis and south-western border of distribution of D. longifolia cross the territory of Kaliningrad region and the neighbouring states. The taxonomy of species is discussed, and distribution maps, based on revised herbarium specimens, are presented in the paper.
Keywords: Dactylorhiza, diversity, distribution, Kaliningrad region, Russia.