For Equities as well as Debt Investments, the capital gains tax rates for NRIs and Resident Indians are the same. On Equity LTCG tax is 10% on long term capital gains above 1 lac per year, and STCG tax is 15% on short term capital gains. There is no indexation applicable in the case of Equity. And, the Long term is considered more than 1 year, and anything lesser than 1 year is considered short term. On Debt, LTGC tax is 20% with indexation on long term capital gains and STGC is as per FY year’s taxable income which mostly would be 30% on short term capital gains (assuming NRI investors comes in highest tax brackets as per Indian income tax slabs ). Here the long term is considered as more than 3 years and anything lesser than 3 years is considered a short term. Apart from capital gain tax, health, education cess, and STT is also applicable. One difference here is that for NRIs, tax is deducted at source and TDS is charged at the time of redemptions/sale / exiting the investment. On Equity, TDS on short term gains of equity is 15% and on the long term, gains are 10% On Debt, TDS on short term gains is 30% and on long term gain from debt is 20% with indexation. So, TDS here is basically deducted at the highest applicable rate assuming NRI comes under the highest income tax slab, but, if NRI falls in lower tax slab, he/she is eligible for refund when he files his returns. Another difference between NRI and RI taxation comes when the country where the NRI resides doesn’t have a Double taxation avoidance agreement(DTAA) with India. However, India has DTAA with most major countries like USA , UK , Singapore, Canada Etc