Yes, extreme temperatures, both hot and cold, can affect the lifespan and performance of a car battery. High temperatures can accelerate the chemical reactions inside the battery, causing it to deteriorate faster. Similarly, extremely cold temperatures can reduce the battery's ability to deliver power effectively.  It is recommended to take precautions, such as parking the vehicle in shaded areas during hot weather and using a battery blanket or heater during cold weather, to help mitigate the impact of extreme temperatures on the battery.