A user first enters a domain name on their web browser.
This action will send a request to a global network of servers called the Domain Name System (DNS).
These servers will search for name servers, i.e., the computers managed by the hosting companies. These computers are related to the domain name entered.
When they find the right server for the entered domain name, the DNS will send a request to them.
A hosting company will forward this request to the computer where the website is stored. This computer is called the webserver which has special software.
The server then fetches the requested web page and all information related to it and sends it back to the browser.