A typical UX design process goes like this:
Describe personas of different user types to understand their goals, behaviors, and needs.
Build user scenarios to describe how users would interact with the product or service.
Develop information architecture, including layouts, navigation, and content organization.
Draw sketches (paper prototypes) to explore different design options.
Make black-and-white wireframes.
Create visual design and design system.
Evaluate and test design.