Building automation and control systems (BACS) use various technologies and protocols to monitor, control and optimize the mechanical, electrical and lighting systems in a building. These systems can be used to control HVAC, lighting, security, fire protection and other building systems and they can be integrated with engineered systems such as energy management and access control systems. They are often used in commercial and industrial buildings, as well as in multidwelling residential buildings. The goal of these systems is to improve energy efficiency, comfort and safety, while also reducing operating costs.