A DBMS timestamp-based protocol is an algorithm that uses the system time or a logical counter as a timestamp. It helps to serialize the execution of concurrent transactions. This protocol ensures that conflicting reads and writes are performed in timestamp order.   For example: Suppose we have three transactions such as X1, X2, X3.  X1 entered the system at 0001  X2 entered the system at 0002  X3 entered the system at 0003  In this case, transaction X1, transaction X2 and transaction X3 take precedence.