Yes, you can. This particular dough recipe can be made up to 3 days in advance. However, you will need to leave it at room temperature for 30 minutes before you start to mold your little cookie balls. The recipe has a very high fat content, which comes from the butter and peanut butter. This means the fat will go solid in the refrigerator so it won’t be as pliable as soon as you take it out. Just set it on your counter and come back half an hour later before sculpting your cookies.