One of the initial hurdles is understanding the syntax and structure of the language, as each programming language has its own unique set of rules and conventions. Additionally, grasping fundamental concepts such as variables, data types, control structures, and functions can be overwhelming for beginners. Another challenge is debugging code and identifying errors, which requires analytical thinking and problem-solving skills. Moreover, keeping up with rapidly evolving technologies and constantly updating knowledge can pose a challenge in itself. Finally, applying theoretical knowledge to real-world projects or applications can be daunting for learners who lack practical experience.