In order to produce vaccines, viruses are introduced into cell cultures to produce viral antigens—the main component of the vaccine.
These are then harvested, and viruses are either killed or modified into an inactive state for vaccine safety.
A process of purification to remove cellular debris and stabilization will occur as well as a process to quantify vaccine concentration before forming the end product. These processes are performed to assure the safety, stabilization, and effectiveness of the vaccine end product.