Data breaches are challenging to stop because cyber attackers are continually evolving their techniques, making it difficult to predict and prevent attacks. Cyber attackers can use sophisticated techniques to evade detection, such as using encryption or hiding malware in legitimate files. Furthermore, many data breaches occur due to human error, such as accidental disclosure or failure to follow security policies and procedures. Preventing data breaches requires a multi-faceted approach that involves people, processes, and technology. Businesses and organizations should educate their employees on security best practices, implement security policies and procedures, and regularly test and audit their systems for vulnerabilities. They should also invest in security technologies such as firewalls, intrusion detection and prevention systems, and security information and event management (SIEM) systems to detect and respond to attacks. Once attackers gain access to a system, they can move laterally to access other systems or sensitive data, often using techniques such as privilege escalation, lateral movement, or persistence to maintain their access.