Yes, there are alternative methods to examine the colon, but none are considered more accurate at colon cancer and polyp detection than colonoscopy. They include: Flexible sigmoidoscopy and a barium enema Computerized tomography (CT), a test that takes pictures of the inside of the colon, can also be done. This is called CT colonography or virtual colonoscopy. Like conventional colonoscopy, this test requires a full preparation the day before the exam (liquids and possibly enemas). This test, however, involves radiation exposure which may increase your long-term risk of developing of cancer. If any of the above tests suggest the presence of polyps or cancer, a conventional colonoscopy (and a second preparation) will be required. Fecal Occult Blood Testing (FOBT), is a test whereby stool is examined for minute amounts of blood loss (possibly from polyps or cancer) by way of a chemical reaction resulting in a color change. While FOBT is not a test to examine the colon, it is recommended annually to individuals over age 50. If occult blood is found in the stool, a follow-up colonoscopy will be necessary.For colon cancer screening, it should be noted that colonoscopy has the highest sensitivity and is the only test that is both diagnostic and therapeutic.