Yes, there are different types of autism, which were previously classified as separate disorders but are now all considered under the umbrella of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). The concept of different types reflects the variability in severity and the nature of symptoms. Prior to the current DSM-5 classification, the distinct types include:
Autistic Disorder: Often called "classic" autism, this is what most people think of when they hear the word "autism". It involves significant language delays, social and communication challenges, and unusual behaviors and interests. People with this type might also have intellectual disability.
Asperger’s Syndrome: People with Asperger’s typically have milder symptoms that primarily affect social interaction and nonverbal communication. They usually have normal to above-average intelligence and do not have significant delays in language development.
Pervasive Developmental Disorder - Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS): This was used for individuals who did not fully meet the criteria for autistic disorder or Asperger’s but still exhibited significant challenges in the areas of social interaction, communication, or repetitive behaviors.
Childhood Disintegrative Disorder: This rare condition describes children who develop normally for at least two years and then rapidly lose multiple social, language, and mental skills.