Sardines also called pilchards in Europe, are one of any number of fish that are part of the herring family. In fact, there are five different genera that include more than 16 distinct species of sardines. As a result, these vertebrates are found all over the world from the North Atlantic to South America, Asia, and India.
They are generally small, but lengthy fish that measure between six and 12 inches long. However, some species, such as the South American pilchard can reach more than 15 inches long. They usually have one dorsal fin and a silvery color with blue eyes.