Gynecomastia is a condition in which the male chest grows larger than normal. This condition is usually benign. It can be due to an increase in the fatty or glandular tissue content of the breast. Occasionally, male hormone levels are not normal and they develop glandular tissue. In these cases, the patient needs to be evaluated by an endocrinologist and possibly put on medications to regulate the hormone levels. Various techniques can treat gynecomastia surgically that are not hormone related. These specific techniques used are predicated upon numerous factors including: 1) the quality of the tissue being treated – if the tissue feels more fatty than glandular, 2) the quality of the skin – if the skin is loose or the chest skin is sagging, 3) the location of the nipple – if the nipple needs to be repositioned, and several other factors.