Varicose veins are caused by a combination of factors that affect the proper functioning of veins, particularly in the legs. One of the main causes is weak or damaged valves in the veins, which allow blood to flow backward and pool, causing the veins to enlarge. Genetics also play a role, as the condition can be hereditary. Age is another factor, as veins lose elasticity over time and prolonged standing or sitting can increase pressure in the leg veins. Pregnancy, obesity and hormonal changes, particularly in women during puberty, pregnancy, or menopause can also contribute to the development of varicose veins. Additionally, a lack of physical activity can reduce circulation, making it harder for blood to flow efficiently through the veins. These factors combined can lead to poor blood circulation and increase the likelihood of developing varicose veins.