Endometrial or uterine polyps are usually glands in the endometrial tissue that, for some reason, grow abnormally. This abnormal growth can be complicated by the hormone therapy required for a stimulation cycle in assisted reproductive treatment.
It should be understood that in the first phase of the menstrual cycle there is the secretion of estrogens that cause proliferation of the endometrial glands. However, in the second phase of the cycle, after ovulation, progesterone is the predominant hormone that causes endometrial atrophy and consequently the menstrual outcome if pregnancy does not occur.
For this reason, sometimes menstruation itself is responsible for eliminating the polyps, but if they persist, surgical removal is necessary prior to assisted reproduction treatment. The vast majority of endometrial polyps are benign, but in perimenopausal women may be the expression of endometrial cancer, which makes histological evaluation of the endometrium necessary.