The late filing of an ATF Form 2, which is the Application for Tax Paid Transfer and Registration of Firearm, can result in penalties and consequences. These penalties can vary depending on the specific circumstances and jurisdiction involved. However, generally, the penalties for late filing or non-compliance with ATF regulations can include: 1. Federal Excise Tax: Late filing may result in the imposition of the federal excise tax on the transfer or registration of the firearm. The excise tax is calculated based on the value of the firearm and can range from a few dollars to hundreds of dollars. 2. Civil Fines: The ATF has the authority to assess civil fines for violations of firearms regulations. These fines can range from a few hundred dollars up to thousands of dollars, depending on the severity of the violation. 3. Criminal Penalties: In more severe cases of non-compliance, late filing, or intentional evasion of ATF regulations, criminal penalties may apply. Criminal penalties for violating federal firearm laws can include fines and imprisonment, with the severity depending on the specific violation. It is important to note that the exact penalties for late filing of ATF Form 2 can vary based on factors such as the specific violation, the intent behind the late filing, and the discretion of ATF officials. It is advisable to consult with legal counsel or contact the ATF directly for specific information regarding penalties related to late filing of ATF Form 2.