The Knights of Labour, formed in Philadelphia in 1869, were one of the first international unions to operate in Canada. The union organized members in Canada in the 1880s. The Knights organized unskilled labour as well as those belonging to particular trades and crafts. The union was also successful at organizing on a factory basis. The Knights ultimately failed in the United States. Not only were there divisions between the craft unions and parent umbrella organizations, but the 1886 Chicago Haymarket Riot caused public outrage against the Knights. As a result, and because the leadership of the Knights did not always support its members, its membership dropped dramatically in the following years. The American Federation of Labour developed in its stead. In Canada, the Knights had given some workers their first opportunity to belong to a union. The Knights were very popular in Quebec and eventually combined with craft unions to establish the Trades and Labour Congress. March 2016