The objective of femtosecond laser cataract surgery is to create an incision at the most precise length, depth, and location on all planes of the ocular surface. The increase in accuracy and precision of each surgical step is associated with lower risks and improved visual outcomes. The femtosecond laser creates such discreet incisions that they are expected to self-heal in a shorter amount of time than incisions made with a surgical blade.
Studies suggest that capsulotomies conducted with lasers facilitate optimal centering of the intraocular lens that replaces the clouded lens. This positioning is what provides the clearest possible vision. Capsule breakage, which can occur after surgery, is less common in patients who undergo laser cataract surgery, as is infection.
The femtosecond laser is also used to dismantle the cataract on the lens by first softening protein clumps. The disintegration of the cataract into softer, smaller pieces reduces the amount of energy that is needed to remove the cataract. Less energy usage means less chance of distorting or burning the incision. The reduction in energy also decreases the risk of a detached retina.