Smart cards are currently used for many applications worldwide, including:
• Identity applications: employee ID badges for physical access to buildings and secure computer and network access; citizen ID documents; electronic passports; driver’s licenses; online authentication devices.
• Healthcare applications: citizen health ID cards; health provider ID cards; portable medical records cards.
• Payment applications: contact and contactless credit and debit cards; transit payment cards.
• Telecommunications applications: mobile phone subscriber identity modules; pay telephone payment cards.