PU surgery removes the narrowest part of the cat’s urethra — a tube that transports urine from the bladder. The goal is to create a new opening and shorten the urethra. After the surgery, urine obstructions are less likely to occur, and if they do occur, they can pass easier. House cats are prone to developing obstructions for a variety of reasons, including lack of exercise and dehydration. These issues can cause blockages — like kidney stones or mucus — that get stuck in the urethra. If left untreated, urinary obstructions can be life-threatening. Male cats are likely to experience chronic issues due to their anatomy. Their urethra is slightly longer and narrows at the exit. Female cats have a shorter urethra with a consistent diameter.