Among the often used tools for backend optimization are several Database profiling tools (e.g., MySQL Workbench, pgAdmin), server monitoring tools (e.g., New Relic, Datadog, Prometheus, code profiling tools (e.g., Xdebug, Blackfire), caching tools (e.g., Redis, Memcached), and containerization/orchestration platforms (e.g., Docker, Kubernetes).