The biggest impact will be for the first 3 years.  A 15yr old with a permit doesn’t get added to the policy because they don’t have an actual driver’s license and can’t drive unsupervised.  Once they are eligible for their license, they must be listed on an insurance policy in order to get the license.  That’s when the clock starts.  The surcharge will be the highest for that 1st year.  In the 2nd year, the surcharge will drop somewhere around 20-30%.  In the 3rd year it drops again, maybe by as much as 40-50%...and then it goes away after year 3.  The premium for a 20 year old is still higher than a 40yr old driver on the same policy...but it’s nothing compared to the 3yr surcharge.