Theravada and Mahayana are two major branches of Buddhism that emerged after the passing of the Buddha, Siddhartha Gautama. While they share many fundamental teachings, there are significant differences in their beliefs, practices, and approach to the path of enlightenment: Scripture and Canon: One of the primary differences lies in the religious texts they consider authoritative. Theravada Buddhism follows the Pali Canon, also known as the Tipitaka, which contains the earliest recorded teachings of the Buddha in the Pali language. On the other hand, Mahayana Buddhism relies on a broader set of scriptures written in Sanskrit and other languages, known as the Mahayana Sutras, which were composed later and emphasize the concept of the bodhisattva path. Goal of Practice: In Theravada Buddhism, the primary goal of practice is to attain individual enlightenment and liberation from the cycle of samsara. This state is known as Arhat, a fully enlightened being. In contrast, Mahayana Buddhism emphasizes the aspiration to become a bodhisattva, a being who seeks enlightenment not only for themselves but also for the liberation and benefit of all sentient beings. The ultimate goal is to attain Buddhahood and become a fully awakened Buddha. Bodhisattva Ideal: The concept of the bodhisattva is central to Mahayana Buddhism and not emphasized in Theravada. Bodhisattvas are considered compassionate beings who postpone their own liberation to guide others towards enlightenment. This altruistic path contrasts with the individual pursuit of liberation in Theravada. Meditation and Rituals: Both branches practice meditation, but there are some variations in techniques and emphasis. Theravada often emphasizes Vipassana or insight meditation, while Mahayana includes various meditation practices like Zen and Pure Land. Additionally, Mahayana Buddhism incorporates more elaborate rituals and ceremonies, especially in East Asian countries where it is prevalent. View of the Buddha: In Theravada Buddhism, the Buddha is venerated as a historical figure and revered for achieving enlightenment through his own efforts. In Mahayana, the Buddha is seen as a cosmic and transcendent figure who embodies the principle of compassion and wisdom, with the potential to manifest in various forms to benefit sentient beings. These differences, while significant, reflect the diverse paths that Buddhist practitioners have taken throughout history. It is essential to remember that both Theravada and Mahayana Buddhism share the core teachings of the Buddha and strive towards the noble goals of wisdom, compassion, and liberation from suffering.