Harassment and bullying behavior are addressed by several state and federal laws. U.S. laws prohibit discrimination based on age, ethnicity, sexual orientation, race, religion, ethnicity, marital status, or disability. More locally, the state of New York has enacted legislation prohibiting bullying and harassment in school or in settings that may affect the school environment. These laws also specifically prohibit cyberbullying. Referred to as the Dignity for All Students Act, this legislation requires schools to take proactive action to prevent and stop bullying. If they fail in this duty, legal action may be appropriate. Other laws that may apply in bullying situations include criminal and civil laws involving harassment, stalking, menacing, and other harmful practices.