Single-cell analysis and spatial biology are closely related concepts that complement each other in the study of biological systems. Single-cell analysis focuses on characterizing and studying individual cells at the molecular level, allowing researchers to understand the heterogeneity and diversity within a population of cells. It involves techniques such as single-cell sequencing, mass cytometry, and single-cell imaging, which enable the measurement of gene expression, protein abundance, and other molecular features in individual cells. Spatial biology, on the other hand, focuses on the spatial organization and interactions of biological molecules, cells, and tissues within their native environments. It aims to understand how the spatial arrangement of biological components influences their functions and behavior. Spatial biology techniques involve high-resolution imaging methods, such as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), spatial transcriptomics, and spatial proteomics, which enable the visualization and mapping of molecules and cells in their spatial context.