Any one of the following categories of hardware components may be included into an embedded system:  Sensor or Any Other Kind of Input Device: Information is gathered from the world that may be seen and then converted into an electrical signal. The input device has an effect on the kinds of data that are collected.  Analog-to-digital Converter: Transforms an electrical signal from its analogue form into its digital equivalent.  Processor: Performs operations on the digital data that was collected by the sensor or other input device.  Memory: Contains specialised software as well as the digital data that was gathered from the sensor or other input device.  Digital-to-analog Converter: Performs a conversion from the digital data produced by the CPU to the analogue data.  ActuatoR: Performs an action in accordance with the information obtained from a sensor or other input device.  It is possible that an embedded system will include more than one sensor and actuator. For instance, a system may consist of a number of sensors that are responsible for collecting data on the surrounding environment. This data is then transformed before being transferred to the processor.   After being processed, the data is then translated once again and transmitted on to a number of actuators, which carry out the activities that have been prescribed.