HEPA filters employ three primary mechanisms to trap particles as air flows through the filter:
Interception: Larger particles get intercepted by thick threads.
Impaction: Medium-sized particles undergo impaction when they collide with filter fibers.
Diffusion: The smallest particles, after colliding with gas molecules, change direction and eventually stick to the filter fibers.
Despite their impressive capture rate, it's important to note that HEPA filters require regular maintenance and proper use to sustain their effectiveness.
True HEPA filters are very efficient, collecting particles as fine as 0.3 microns with a 99.97% or higher efficiency. They are prized for their ability to eliminate common allergens, pollen, pet dander, mold spores, smoke particles, viruses, and bacteria.