No it doesn't. You can't deploy multiple PeerTube nodes behind a load balancer.
As far as we know, there are 3 limitations to handle a large amount of users in PeerTube:
Bandwidth: can be mitigated using PeerTube redundancy system and cache servers that serve video static files in front of your PeerTube instance
Storage: can be mitigated using S3/Object storage
Video transcoding: can be mitigated using remote transcoding by remote workers
If you notice performance problems or a bottleneck at your scale, don't hesitate to create an issue to discuss it.