It is standard to have a general anaesthetic (although local anaesthetic can sometimes be an option). Laparoscopic or keyhole surgery is often preferred (due to less early post surgery pain and usually less scarring) although open surgery can provide better outcomes for you in certain circumstances and should be considered by your surgeon. The key elements of the surgery entail replacing the bowel or fat back inside the abdomen (sometimes excising excessive fat) and then repairing the hole. Usually the repair is done by strong permanent stitches and also mesh reinforcement. The mesh is used as the tissues around the hernia are often weak and why the hernia formed in the first place. The mesh provides a scaffold for your body to form strong scar tissue throughout it to keep the tissues solidly repaired and reduce the chance of the hernia coming back. In the case of an inguinal groin hernia in males it is necessary to leave a very small gap for the tube and blood vessel to the testicle. This is recreated through the mesh and the mesh provides strength at its edges. The skin is then stitched with dissolvable stitches and wound dressings applied. Local anaesthetic is inserted to ease any discomfort. Walking is encouraged as soon as possible after surgery.