Composting is the process of decomposing organic waste, such as food scraps and yard trimmings, into nutrient-rich compost that can be used to fertilize plants and gardens. To start composting at home, you'll need a compost bin or pile, a mix of green (nitrogen-rich) materials like fruit peels and grass clippings, and brown (carbon-rich) materials like dry leaves and shredded paper. Layer the materials, keep them moist, and turn the compost regularly to aerate it.