Yes! The good news is that in all but a handful of countries around the world, Google is the #1 player. For the most part, the fundamentals for pay per click remain the same in foreign markets. Just be sure to follow exporting best practices. Your success will be improved by understanding individual cultures, using localized translations, and knowing your competition.
If you are interested in targeting countries where Google isn’t the top search engine and you can legally export to those places—China, South Korea, Russia, Japan, and Taiwan—, you can still mostly get some coverage through Google. Just note that China remains the one exception (although that may be changing soon).
If these non-China markets are key to your business, you’ll want to advertise on top platforms like Naver, Yandex, and Yahoo! Japan. And if you’re exploring China, you’ll need a presence on top engines like Baidu, Shenma, and 360.