Yes, a dirty filter can affect your dishwasher. If the filter is clogged with food debris or other materials, it can restrict water flow and reduce the effectiveness of the cleaning process. Additionally, a dirty filter can cause unpleasant smells to come from the dishwasher and potentially damage the internal parts if dirt and grime are allowed to build up. To keep your dishwasher running in top condition, it is important to clean the filter regularly.