- Healthcare: A higher percentage of men have no healthcare coverage. As a result, on average, men consult with doctors less than half as many times as women.
Research on male-specific diseases is underfunded.
- Lifestyle: More men than women are employed in dangerous occupations.
- Gender-related causes: Gender-specific diseases such as prostate cancer, ischemic heart disease, cirrhosis, and other liver diseases are at least one-and-a-half times more frequent in men than women.