A common question in Scaled Agile framework interview questions, don't miss this one.   The core idea is to maximize customer value while minimizing waste. Simply, lean means creating more value for customers with fewer resources. A lean organization understands customer value and focuses its key processes on increasing it continuously. The ultimate goal is to provide perfect value to the customer through a perfect value creation process that has zero waste. To accomplish this, lean thinking changes the focus of management from optimizing separate technologies, assets, and vertical departments to optimizing the flow of products and services through entire value streams that flow horizontally across technologies, assets, and departments to customers. Eliminating waste along entire value streams instead of at isolated points creates processes that need less human effort, less space, less capital, and less time to make products and services at far lower costs and with much fewer defects compared with traditional business systems. Companies are able to respond to changing customer desires with wide variety, high quality, low cost, and with speedy throughput times. Also, information management has become much simpler and more accurate.