The risk factors of occurrence of kidney stones include having a history of kidney stones, previous history of kidney stones, not drinking enough water, consuming a diet high in protein, sodium, and sugar; being overweight, history of gastric bypass or intestinal surgery; having polycystic kidney disease or another cystic kidney disease; conditions that can cause swelling or irritation in bowel or joints; medicines such as diuretics (water pills) or calcium-based antacids.