Bed bug treatment usually requires tenants to vacate their units for a period of time, usually between 24 and 48 hours. The length of time required for treatment may be shorter or longer depending on the severity of the infestation and the method of treatment being used. For example, if a tenant is using a do-it-yourself treatment method, they may only need to vacate their unit for a few hours. But if a professional exterminator is called in to treat a more serious infestation, the tenant may need to be away for a day or two.