When a defendant prevails on appeal, it does not usually mean that a judgment of “not guilty” will replace the guilty verdict and the person will be set free, although this is possible, and does occasionally happen. More often, the defendant obtains more modest, although significant relief, such as a new trial or resentencing. Even if the defendant “wins” on appeal, the government can and may file a petition for rehearing with the three-judge panel of the court of appeals that decided the case or, alternatively, with the entire Court of Appeals