The developed chaperon (worn on top of the head with a bourrelet) had become customary wear for males in the high and middle classes by the 15th century, and was worn in painted portraits, notably those of the Dukes of Burgundy. It came to be regarded as appropriate court dress for men at royal courts. The chaperon first appeared in Europe. It was originally a Syrian headdress made from linen or wool and often decorated with silk ribbons. The word comes from the Greek khraspain, meaning "to protect." In England, the chaperon became popular among wealthy citizens as an alternative to the bonnet. It was also used by women to keep their hair off of their faces when they went out into the sun. The term "chaperone" first appeared around 1750 and means "a female companion who protects someone else's reputation or dignity." In America, the chaperon did not catch on until after the American Revolution. At that time, it was similar to the bonnet except that it did not have feathers or ribbons. It was usually made of fine cotton or silk and covered the whole head except for two holes for the eyes. There are several theories about why the chaperon became popular in Europe and America at different times.