- CO2 capture and storage (CCS) and use (CCU): companies can capture and store their CO2 emissions in empty gas fields at sea. Subsidies are possible for investments in capture installations; Subsidies are also possible for the use of captured CO2 in greenhouse horticulture
- Advanced renewable fuels. These are:
1. Bioethanol from solid lignocellulosic biomass;
2. Diesel and petrol substitutes from hydrogenated pyrolysis oil from solid lignocellulosic biomass;
3. Bio-LNG from mono-manure fermentation;
4. Bio-LNG from all-purpose fermentation.
- Hydrogen from electrolysis using renewable (sustainable) electricity