The Royal Gardens of Piazza San Marco in Venice were first built in the 11th century, during the Venetian Republic. The gardens were initially intended to serve as a botanical garden for medicinal plants and herbs, but over time they evolved into ornamental gardens with pathways, fountains and sculptures. By the 18th century, these gardens had become a popular attraction for visitors from around Europe.
In 1815, when Venice was annexed by Austria, Emperor Francis I took ownership of the Royal Gardens and began renovations on them. He added many new features including an aviary with exotic birds and animals imported from faraway lands. He also commissioned several statues and monuments dedicated to prominent figures such as Napoleon Bonaparte and Duke Alberto III d’Este.
After World War II ended in 1945, Italy regained control of Venice and restored the Royal Gardens back to their former glory. In 2003, UNESCO declared them part of its World Heritage Sites due to their significant historical importance. Today, tourists can still enjoy exploring these beautiful gardens which are home to a wide variety of flora and fauna as well as stunning views across Piazza San Marco itself.