Smoking Cigarette
2. Prior Radiation Exposure
3. Certain chemotherapy drugs
4. Environmental exposures
5. Exposure to aromatic amines
6. Environmental exposures(chemicals used in dyes, rubber industries, leather, paint)
7. Infection with a parasite such as Schistosoma haematobium.
8. Infections on the bladder stones or diseases on the urinary tract.
9. Previous bladder cancer history or family history
10. Males are more commonly affected than females.