The average age of women at the birth of their first kid was 20 and 31 at the birth of their final child, for a mean of 25.5 years per female generation—significantly more than the 20 years commonly assigned to primitive societies. The male generation lived on average just over 30 years. Women started having kids later: by the time she reached 30 years old, an average woman had given birth to two children. By 40, she had four children under the age of 15. She died at an average age of 50, but most died in childbirth or within their first five years of life. Men lived longer than women. By the time he was 60 years old, an average man had already survived being born into a family where everyone else also happened to be born late. By 70, he'd survived being born into three different families. He died at an average age of 80, but most died in childbirth or within their first few years of life. Births didn't kill people back then; deaths caused by childbirth were rare. Today, about 150 million women around the world don't have access to adequate healthcare, which means that almost all pregnancies are high-risk situations. More than 85% of these births happen in the home without any assistance from anyone who knows how to provide it.