It is important to emphasize that both surgeons were profoundly knowledgeable in their field. Both surgeons were highly experienced. It was not a question of one doctor being “better” than the other. The difference between them was the intensity of their professional focus on a specific type of lung tumor. It was the difference in awareness of a changing landscape of treatment for a particular type of tumor. In other words, the difference between the “do nothing” strategy, proposed by one surgeon, and “resect now” strategy, proposed by another surgeon, can be summarized in two words: “precision medicine“. "No one knows everything!" - said another eminent medical oncologist. When you encounter any medical challenge, you have to find a specialist whose knowledge and experience precisely fit the exact challenge at hand. A true expert is the precise key that can open a lock, a patient’s medical conundrum. A precise key will open a lock without damaging everything around it. That’s how one gets the best possible results of any therapy.