Bone marrow transplants (BMTs) and peripheral blood stem cell transplants (PBSCTs) are procedures that restore or replace blood-making stem cells that were destroyed by high doses of chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy in patients being treated for certain cancers. Most blood-making cells “reside” in bone marrow — the soft, spongy material found inside bones — but some blood-making cells, called PBSCs, are found in the bloodstream. One can also find blood-making cells in umbilical cord blood. We can remove, or harvest, these cells from any of these locations, so BMTs and PBSCTs are basically the same. Read more about the role of bone marrow in our bodies