Singapore is a multicultural and cosmopolitan city-state, with a diverse mix of traditions and customs from various ethnic groups. Here are some general local customs and etiquette guidelines:
Greetings: A simple "Hello" or "Good morning/afternoon/evening" is usually sufficient. Handshakes are common, especially in a business setting. However, some Muslim women may not shake hands with men due to religious reasons, and it's respectful to follow their lead.
Dress code: Singaporeans dress in a wide range of styles, but overall the dress code is quite casual, especially due to the warm and humid climate. However, when visiting religious sites, you should dress more conservatively. For instance, avoid wearing sleeveless tops, shorts, or mini-skirts. Some places provide robes or wraps for visitors who are not appropriately dressed.
Respect for religious and cultural diversity: Singapore is a multicultural society with a variety of religions including Buddhism, Islam, Christianity, Hinduism, and others. It's important to respect each group's customs and traditions, especially when visiting religious sites.
Eating: When eating at hawker centres or food courts, remember to return your tray and clear your table. If you're invited to someone's house, it's common to bring a small gift. Also, some Singaporeans follow halal or vegetarian diets due to their religious beliefs.
Public behavior: Littering, smoking in public places (except designated smoking areas), and jaywalking are illegal and can result in fines. Singapore is also known for its strict drug laws. Chewing gum is not banned, but the importation and sale of gum is regulated.
Tipping: Tipping is not customary in Singapore and is often not expected as a 10% service charge is typically added to the bill in restaurants. However, you can still tip if you feel you've received exceptional service.
Queuing: Singaporeans respect lines, so always wait your turn whether you're at an ATM, a taxi stand, or buying food.
Language: The official languages of Singapore are English, Malay, Mandarin, and Tamil. English is widely spoken and understood.
Remember, these are just guidelines. The diverse nature of Singapore's society means that customs can vary widely even among Singaporeans themselves. When in doubt, don't hesitate to ask - people in Singapore are generally friendly and willing to help.