The brewing process consists of seven steps: malting and milling, mashing, lautering, boiling, fermentation, conditioning, and packaging. The malting process prepares the grain to convert the starches into sugar. Milling crushes the husk of the grain to expose the starchy center while keeping the hulls intact. Mashing adds hot water to the grain to activate the enzymes and convert the starches into sugar. Separating the mash into residual grain and wort (sugar liquid) happens during lautering. A prolonged boil sterilizes the beer after the wort has been separated from the grain. The liquid is fermented in a stainless steel vat by adding yeast which interacts with the sugars to create the alcohol and carbon dioxide. Beer is filtered to remove the yeast and proteins during the conditioning process. Finally, the beer is packaged for consumer use.