On very rare occasions, someone may get a blister in their mouth from eating something like chili soup. Blisters in the mouth - known as canker sores - can be caused by acidic foods such as fruits, vegetables, and chilies. But canker sores are caused by a whole range of things, not only food.
You will most likely quickly figure out if your mouth is sensitive to acidic or spicy foods. The best thing to do if you suspect a certain food is leading to blisters is to seek advice from a medical professional.