The Multi-directional Impact Protection System is a pioneering slip-plane technology within the helmet designed to mitigate rotational forces caused by particular accidents. When an impact occurs, the MIPS sensors at the front and back of the helmet detect it. The sensors are then connected to a microprocessor within the helmet, which determines how much force was applied and how it affected each side of the helmet. If one side of the helmet experiences more force than the other, the microprocessor will activate electromagnets attached to the frame of the helmet, which in turn will cause pistons inside the helmet to slide against each other, reducing or eliminating the torque effect on the brain. Helmets that use this technology were first introduced in 2001. They require electronics within the helmet, so they are not available for older models of helmets. However, these options are available for newer models: X-Plore (20th century), Max-Dynamics (21st century). Multi-directional protection systems work by weighing scales inside the helmet. When an impact occurs, the sensors at the front and back of the helmet detect it.