State Defense Force soldiers fall under the same military laws & regulations as their states National Guard. These laws & regulations are modeled from The Federal Uniform Code of Military Justice that governs The US Military. So if a State Defense Force soldier is on Active Duty and abandons their post regardless of the reason they will be subject to the penalties of military law.
One such example occurred in one State Defense Force when a new recruit who was attending his Initial Entry Training (Basic Training) decided that this service was no longer for him, and left the base to go home. The was classified as being AWOL by his commanding officer, a warrant was issued for the individuals arrest, and The State Police arrested the individual.