A kernel essay is written about a topic using the text structure as a guide, with one phrase in each box. A "kern essay" is a compilation of sentences. Each sentence in the kern essay should support some aspect of the main idea or theme of the essay. Kernels contain information about issues relating to technology. They are written by people who want to express an opinion on these issues. These opinions may be positive or negative. Kernels are written by individuals or groups. When you read a kernel article you will see that it usually contains several different views on the topic being discussed. Sometimes kernels are even split into sections to show different perspectives on the issue. In addition to articles written by individuals, there are news items, reports, and essays written by groups. Groups can be organizations or associations that share a common interest in technology. Some examples include computer scientists, software developers, professors, students, activists, and companies. Groups may join together to write a single article or they may choose separate people to write individual pieces. For example, a group of students may be asked to write an article on their view on technology in education. Or a company may hire a journalist to write an article on new technologies for use in their product line.