There are four simple tests that can be conducted to determine the leather type: Scratch test: Lightly scratch an inconspicuous area of the upholstery with a fingernail. Type A and N leathers scratch easily and will leave a light scratch mark. Type P leathers have a protective coating and will therefore not show a scratch. Moisture test: Apply a little water to a discreet area of the upholstery. Typically, Type A and N leathers will absorb the water, even though this might take some time. This is not a very reliable test as many of these leathers may have already been treated to repel moisture. Because of their coating, type P leathers will repel the water. Visual test: Look for the following cues on a single leather panel: A variation in hues and colors, together with scars, bites and other natural markings are common traits of Type A and Type N leathers. Type P leathers will have a uniform color with no natural markings, although they will likely have an “embossed” grain. Tactile test: One of the endearing traits of leather, its feel, is also a means to determine the type of leather being used for the upholstery. Commonly referred to as a “tactile-feel” test it seeks to classify the type of leather according to how the leather feels to the touch. Type A leather, as could be expected, is soft, warm, and is usually supple to the touch. Type N leather feels like velvet. Type P leather is best described as “slick”, similar to vinyl and is usually a lot less pliant than Type A.