(a) The Tropic of Capricorn is located at 23 1/2 ° S. The Tropic of Cancer is one of the major latitudes of the earth lying in the Northern Hemisphere. (b) The Standard Meridian of India is 82°30’ E Longitude. The local time of places which are on different meridians is bound to differ. It is difficult to prepare time-table of trains which cross several longitudes. In India, there is a time difference of 1 hour 45 minutes in the local time of Dwarka in Gujarat and Dibrugarh in Assam. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt the local time of some central meridian of the country as the standard meridian. (c) The 0° Meridian is also known as Prime Meridian. The Prime Meridian is an imaginary line runs through France, Western Africa, The United Kingdom, Spain, and Antarctica. With the help of the Equator and Prime Meridian, the earth can be divided into four hemispheres. (d) The distance between the longitudes decreases towards poles. At the equator, the distance between 15 and 30° W longitudes is quite a lot, but as we move toward the poles this distance shrinks and eventually shrinks down to zero. This distance is shortest at the Poles because the all the meridians meet here. (e) The Arctic Circle is located in the northern hemisphere. The Arctic Circle is an important parallel of latitude and is located at 66° north of the equator.