During his tenure as Prime Minister, Nehru faced numerous challenges that tested his leadership and vision for India. One of the most significant challenges was the partition of India in 1947, which led to widespread communal violence and mass migrations. Nehru had to navigate the complexities of uniting a diverse nation with various ethnicities, languages, and religions. Additionally, he faced economic challenges, including poverty and underdevelopment, which required innovative solutions and policies. The Sino-Indian War of 1962 was another major setback, leading to questions about India's defense preparedness and foreign policy. Despite these challenges, Nehru remained committed to his vision of a secular and democratic India, striving to address the issues facing the nation through reforms and diplomacy.