The main difference between an IP (Internet Protocol) and an analog CCTV system lies in the technology they employ. Analog CCTV systems use analog cameras that capture video in analog format and transmit it over coaxial cables to analog recorders. In contrast, IP CCTV systems utilize digital IP cameras that capture video in digital format and transmit it over computer networks. This digital transmission allows for higher resolution, easier integration with other network devices, and the ability to remotely access and manage the cameras.