SPV stands for Special Purpose Vehicle. A special purpose vehicle (SPV) is simply a regular limited company which is used solely for a particular purpose. In the case of property investment, it's used for buying, selling, renting and the management of properties. An SPV limited company gives buy to let mortgage lenders an assurance that the company is legally entitled to buy, sell, rent and manage property and that any funding provided will be used specifically for the purchase of property.