Potentially, yes.
For example, if you've told your buildings insurer that your roof is in good repair, they will base your premium on the known risk of storm damage happening to the average roof.
But if, in fact, your guttering is already falling off, or your tiles are coming loose, then there's a greater than average risk of damage happening during a storm - something your insurer hasn't covered against on your original premium.
As the full risks weren't disclosed, you're effectively insuring higher risks at a cheaper price, which could invalidate your policy and leave you without a pay out in the event of a claim.