Yes, there are a few such government-run loan schemes. They are:
Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY)
Public Sector Bank (PSB) Loans in 59 minutes
Pradhan Mantri Employment Generation Program (PMEGP)
Credit-Linked Capital Subsidy Scheme (CLCSS)
Standup India
Pradhan Mantri Rozgar Yojana (PMRY)