A torque-vectoring differential uses twin clutches to deliver different amounts of torque to each wheel, based on a variety of driving conditions including steering and throttle.
A limited-slip differential offers a similar ability to shift power from side to side depending on driving conditions, but without the handling benefits of torque vectoring.
A locking differential sends equal power to both wheels, maximizing torque but creating a high level of wear and tear on tires, and also lacking the cornering ability of a torque-vectoring differential.