This is possibly the most recent transition employed in screenplays today. As one scene fades out, the next scene appears. This visual tool is typically employed to convey a passage of time or for dramatic impact to connect one scene to another. Think of dissolves as photographs that show a moment in time. There are two types of dissolves: horizontal and vertical. They're used to show movement between scenes or within scenes, respectively. They can also be used to indicate location or time. For example, an extreme close-up of a face might dissolve into a wide shot showing the entire setting, or the reverse might be done (i.e., a wide shot might dissolve into a tight close-up). Generally, dissolves are used when something significant has happened in one scene that needs to be reflected in the next scene. For example, in a movie scene, if someone gets injured we usually cut away from the action to show this new development in the next scene. In television scripts, dissolves are used to show transitions between scenes or to highlight important moments within scenes. For example, a character might stare off into the distance as they think about their future while a dissolve shows a different scene or environment from which they come. Dissolves should not be used indiscriminately.