According to the Intel Edison Audio Setup Guide, the MAX98357B can work only from the SSP1 port. Note that the only modes tested for the two digital outputs of the AUDIO DSP are: SSP1 port tested configuration:
I2S/PCM 8/16 kHz 16 bits Mono/dual mono/stereo
SSP2 port tested configuration:
PCM TDM 4 slots 48 kHz 24 bits Mono/dual mono/stereo
Based on the information provided from the Intel Edison Audio Configuration document, SSP1 is the only option for the MAX98357B setup to work on TDM mode.