Massing models in architecture are simplified 3D representations used primarily in the early design stages to explore the overall shape, form, and volume of buildings or urban projects. These models help visualize how structures will scale and interact with their environment for assessment of spatial relationships, environmental impacts like light and shadow, and overall aesthetic and functional qualities. Created from physical materials or via digital tools such as CAD software, massing models facilitate rapid design iterations and decision making, which is crucial for refining concepts before moving to detailed planning and development.