UTIs are primarily caused by bacteria entering the urinary tract through the urethra. Common bacteria that cause UTIs include Escherichia coli (E. coli), typically found in the intestines. Factors such as sexual activity, poor hygiene, menopause, urinary catheter use, and certain medical conditions can increase the risk of developing UTIs. Menopause can increase the risk of developing UTIs in women because of hormonal changes that affect the vaginal flora and urinary tract lining. This can make women more susceptible to bacterial invasion and infection.