As the availability of goods shifts due to disruptions in the supply chain, companies that have well-developed service offerings will prosper more than those that do not. Product as a service (PaaS) - Providing services can differentiate a business from another, and allows a business to build stronger relationships with customers and retain them for longer. The more a customer is loyal to a company the more money the company can make per customer without the cost of acquisition. Services often require less physical inputs than products, so their impact on the planet is much less weighty and potentially less toxic; two important circular economy principles.  Cradle to Cradle - Cradle to Cradle is a certification standard for products that are safer for people and the planet, and designed for a circular economy. The standards created by Cradle to Cradle are part of the foundation of the current circular economy movement.  Eco-design - Eco-design is a way to design products that reduce or eliminate environmental and human health risks. Products using eco-design techniques seek to either be durable, easy to repair, can be adapted to be used in a new way, designed to be disassembled and reassembled.