Shotcrete placement provides full consolidation of the concrete by high-velocity impact. Concrete placed into cylinders for testing is consolidated by multiple rodding in three layers. Shotcreting also has some percentage of rebound so the concrete mixture that remains in the panel is more paste-rich than the mixture entering the pump. Thus, shotcrete placement may provide better consolidation, and a more paste-rich in-place mixture resulting in higher compressive strengths. However, shotcrete compressive strength is evaluated by cores extracted from panels. The coring process can create microcracking in the exterior surface of the core and produce slightly lower compressive strength than cylinders that have no damage to the outer surface when removed from the cylinder form and tested. Overall, there doesn't seem to be a significant difference when evaluating the concrete material’s strength by shotcrete placement or concrete cylinders taken before pumping.
You could establish a correlation on a specific project by taking cylinders before pumping and then shooting material test panels. Then testing the cylinders and cores from the panel at the same age.