For a parent to be guilty of first-degree kidnapping, they would have to hold the child for ransom. There is no ransom requirement with parental kidnapping. For a parent to be guilty of second-degree kidnapping, they would have to knowingly seize and carry away the child without the child's consent and without lawful justification. With parental kidnapping, there is no requirement that the child did not consent to being taken; in fact, in many custody cases, the child may wish to stay with the parent who is unlawfully taking them.