Researchers have identified a group of bacteria known as Streptococci mutans as being behind pediatric tooth decay. These organisms are responsible for the mineral loss that contributes to the damage. They cause the loss of calcium and phosphate from the enamel and dentin. These bacteria mainly thrive on remnants of carbohydrate-rich foods, such as candy, cake, and soda, on the teeth. Plaque can develop over time, thus enabling the bacteria to cause further damage. Children on a diet that is high in sugars and starches are at a significant risk of tooth decay. Poor oral hygiene also increases risk.