The universal health-care system in Canada You can apply for public health insurance if you are a Canadian citizen or permanent resident. You don't have to pay for most health-care services if you have it. The universal health-care system is funded by taxes. Each province and territory has its own health-care system. They can choose what kind of coverage they want to offer and how it should be provided. Canada's universal health care was established by the federal government in 1968. It is administered by 10 provinces and 3 territories. Every year, each person receives a tax rebate from the federal government for any part of their income that exceeds $10,000. If you make less than this limit, you do not need to file any papers with Revenue Canada to claim your tax refund. There are three main types of coverage: medical assistance, hospital insurance, and prescription drug benefits. All Canadians are required by law to have medical assistance, which covers some expenses not covered by other plans. Medical assistance rates vary between provinces and territories. In general, they cover medically necessary services and supplies such as doctor visits, prescriptions, diagnostic tests, and surgeries. Some plans also cover home care, day programs, and outpatient treatments. Those who can afford it can purchase private medical insurance which provides more extensive coverage than medical assistance for things like dental care, vision treatment, and long-term care. Private medical insurance is available through employers, group practices, independent providers, and online platforms.