Clinical biomarkers are measurable and quantifiable biological indicators or substances that are used to assess various physiological or pathological processes within the body. These biomarkers play a crucial role in healthcare and medical research by providing valuable information about a person's health status, disease progression, response to treatments, or overall well-being. Clinical biomarkers can encompass a wide range of molecules, including proteins, nucleic acids (DNA and RNA), metabolites, hormones, and various cellular or tissue characteristics.
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