Ear infections and ear congestion are distinct conditions. However, they can sometimes occur simultaneously.
An ear infection is usually caused by bacteria or viruses. It involves inflammation and infection of the middle ear. It generally presents with pain, fever, and sometimes fluid drainage.
In contrast, ear congestion involves a feeling of fullness or pressure. This is often related to colds, allergies, or sinus infections and is due to fluid buildup or blockage in the Eustachian tube.
Both ear conditions can temporarily impair hearing. The underlying causes and treatments differ, though. Infections usually need antibiotics or antiviral medications. Meanwhile, congestion often resolves with decongestants or antihistamines.