The primary language spoken in Azerbaijan is Azerbaijani (Azeri), which is a Turkic language. It's the official language of the country and is used in government, education, the media, and daily conversations. The majority of the population speaks Azerbaijani as their native language.
Due to its historical ties to the Soviet Union, Russian is also widely spoken, especially among older generations. The second language of many multilingual Azerbaijanis is Russian. English is being spoken more and more, particularly in urban areas and among younger people who are more exposed to foreign influences.
You are more likely to run into English-speaking residents in tourist hotspots and large cities like Baku. However, knowing a few Azerbaijani phrases can be advantageous and welcomed, particularly when conversing with people in less visited or rural areas. To make your interactions easier and more pleasurable while you are visiting Azerbaijan, it might be very helpful to learn some fundamental greetings, numbers, and expressions.