Car insurance rates are calculated based on a number of factors that reflect the risk associated with you getting into an accident where an insurance company has to pay a claim. These factors include:
Driving profile (age, gender)
Driving history (past claims, types of accidents you have been involved in, driving behaviour)
Vehicle make and model
Coverage required (lability, collision, comprehensive, all perils, medical benefits)
Your location (e.g. some areas such as Brampton ON stand out based on a higher number of accidents)
In addition to the data associated with you and your policy, there are also general themes that impact car insurance, such as increasing claims costs. Additionally, an insurance company may apply with a regulator for a rate increase based on its past claims costs. These approvals take place on a quarterly basis and can be reviewed here e.g. for Ontario car insurance rates with FSCO.
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