Diwali, also known as Deepavali, is a five-day festival of lights celebrated by millions of Hindus, Sikhs, and Jains around the world. The historical background of Diwali dates back thousands of years to ancient India, where it marked the end of the harvest season and the beginning of the financial year. The festival’s name derives from the Sanskrit words Deepa (light) and Avali (row), which together symbolize the victory of light over darkness, good over evil, and knowledge over ignorance.
Diwali’s origin is steeped in various legends, including the return of Lord Rama, his wife Sita, and his brother Lakshmana to Ayodhya after a 14-year exile. The people of Ayodhya lit oil lamps to welcome them home and celebrate their victory over the demon Ravana. Another legend revolves around the worship of Goddess Lakshmi, the deity of wealth and prosperity, who is believed to have emerged during the churning of the cosmic ocean. Furthermore, Sikhs celebrate Diwali to commemorate the release of Guru Hargobind from prison, while Jains celebrate the festival in honor of Lord Mahavira’s attainment of nirvana.
Over time, Diwali celebrations have evolved to include various cultural traditions and customs. People clean and decorate their homes, light oil lamps, candles, and fireworks, create colorful patterns called Rangoli on the ground, and offer prayers to deities. Exchanging gifts, feasting on sweets, and spending time with family and friends are significant aspects of the festivities. In recent years, concerns about environmental pollution and animal welfare have encouraged many to opt for eco-friendly and noiseless celebrations.
In summary, Diwali is a vibrant, ancient festival that has evolved and adapted to modern times, while still maintaining its cultural significance and message of hope, happiness, and unity. With its rich history and diverse traditions, Diwali serves as a reminder to embrace the light within ourselves and share that light with everyone around us.