Optimizing the performance of RDBMS involves various strategies to enhance efficiency and responsiveness. These include utilizing a distributed architecture to distribute the database load across multiple servers, creating indexes for foreign keys to improve query performance, optimizing SQL queries for efficient data retrieval, monitoring data performance metrics like CPU and memory usage, utilizing SQL profilers to identify and troubleshoot performance issues, improving indexing strategies to optimize query execution duration, and employing tools like SolarWinds Database Performance Analyzer to monitor and analyze database performance.