Yes, it is possible for an orthopaedic doctor to diagnose bone cancer.  Orthopaedic oncologists, often known as doctors, are specialists who diagnose and treat patients with malignant bone tumours. Bone cancer can start in any bone in the body, although it is more common in the pelvis and long bones of the arms and legs. If the orthopaedic oncologist suspects a patient has a bone tumour during the diagnostic phase, they may ask for an imaging test such as an X-ray.