Chickens can eat Jerusalem artichokes, but they should be cooked first. Jerusalem artichokes are a type of root vegetable that is high in fiber and low in calories. They are a good source of vitamins A and C, potassium, and iron. When cooked, Jerusalem artichokes become softer and more easily digestible for chickens. Chickens can also eat Jerusalem artichoke leaves, but these should be cooked as well.