There isn’t one definitive authority on ESG standards. Rather, there are several companies, using different methodologies, that provide ESG scores. The ESG indicators used by ratings providers may differ per company, but investors can usually find in-depth information on a provider’s website.
Ratings providers also obtain information in varying ways. Some acquire data from public databases, where others use questionnaires that let companies report data on their ESG progress themselves. Some of the largest ESG ratings providers are:
MSCI ESG Research; Sustainalytics’ ESG Risk Ratings; S&P Global ESG Score.