Alabama requires damages to be formulated in present value. “If the jury decides the plaintiff lost future income or earning ability, it then decides what amount the plaintiff is reasonably certain to lose and reduce that amount to its present cash value.” APJI 11.17.
Alaska requires damages to be formulated in present value. “The fact finder shall reduce future economic damages to present value.” §09.17.040(b))10,11
Arizona requires damages to be formulated in present value. “If future damages are ordered to be paid in advance of the period to which they apply, the court shall compute the present value of the future payments…” Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 12-589