Mutual funds come with various charges like expense ratio and exit load. The expense ratio covers the fund’s operating expenses while an exit load is charged if investors withdraw early. Taxes on mutual fund gains include short-term capital gains (STCG) and long-term capital gains (LTCG). This depends on one's holding period of investments. Tax-saving laws under Section 80C can also help reduce tax liability. Understanding these charges and taxes is crucial for optimising returns.