Generally, the first hearing in any case is called a “first appearance.” First appearances are required by law. At the hearing, the judge will ensure you know what you have been charged with, what the potential penalty is, and ask whether you have hired a lawyer. It is extremely rare for witnesses to testify or for evidence to be presented at a first appearance. First appearances typically only last a few moments. More intensive hearings take place later on in a case after the prosecution has provided the defense attorney with evidence they possess leading them to believe the defendant is guilty of the charged offense.