Demand for gold outstrips the supply. Even higher gold prices have not affected the demand-supply equation much. The Yale researchers’ criticality system states gold as vulnerable to supply restriction because of its widespread use and lack of available substitutes. Moreover, there are large US creditors such as China, Japan, Russia, India, and oil-producing nations that have been adding to gold reserves than investing in US dollars. Such huge gold reserves will drive the gold trade, demand, and supply in the future. In addition, physical gold is increasingly being used for wealth creation by investors in the market. The high volume of gold in private accounts means a shortage in supply and a corresponding increase in value.