Income Tax Slabs / Rates in India are different for different categories and status of tax payers; The Income Tax Slabs / Rates for Individuals, Senior Citizen, Very Senior Citizens, HUFs, AOP, BOI and Co-operatives are progressive in nature, where a lower tax rate is imposed on low-income earners compared to those with higher income, making it based on the taxpayer's ability to pay. That means it takes a larger percentage from high-income earners than it does from low-income earners Individuals, HUFs, AOP, BOI and Co-operatives are taxed as per different slab rates ( varies from Nil to 30% ). However, Firms and Companies are taxed on fixed rate basis, except for certain specified incomes.
When income increases a specified limit(s), Surcharge on Income Tax is charged at specified Surcharge rate on Income Tax. The specified limit(s) for charging Surcharge and Surcharge rates are different for different categories of tax payers.
Cess (Health and Education / Education) is charged at specified rate on (Income Tax + Surcharge).