CNC milling and turning are both types of CNC machining, which manufacturers often use to create more intricate parts. The initials CNC refer to Computer Numerical Control, whereby computer-aided design software translates a 3D model into code, which then guides the tools in the machine.
The lathes, mills, grinders, and routers will move whenever and however the computer instructs them to, cutting away excess material to produce the desired shape based on the 3D model. Many sectors use this versatile technology for its increased precision and output, such as the electronic and automotive industries.
Though all CNC machining follows the same workflow explained above, the specific hardware and capabilities can vary. This is why CNC milling and CNC turning are actually two different processes. Milling involves using a rotating multi-point tool to cut the stationary material, while turning involves rotating the material to cut it with a stationary single-point tool.
Both types of CNC machining are suitable for materials such as metals, alloys, and thermoplastics, while unsuitable materials include hard ceramics and soft rubber or silicone. CNC turning is best for creating conical or cylindrical parts, while CNC milling is good for everything else. Sometimes both techniques are used on the same piece, depending on the design and specific features required.