The long-term effects of recurrent UTIs can be serious if not properly managed. One potential consequence is kidney damage, where chronic infections spread to the kidneys and cause permanent damage or impair their function. Additionally, frequent antibiotic use for these infections can lead to antibiotic resistance, making future UTIs more difficult to treat and limiting effective medication options. Recurrent UTIs can also significantly decrease quality of life, as the discomfort, pain, and need for frequent medical attention can result in anxiety, stress, and disruptions to daily activities.