In mid-July 2021, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) sued Amazon to force it to recall hazardous products sold on its marketplace by independent merchants. The products included 24,000 faulty carbon monoxide detectors, 400,000 hair dryers sold without the required immersion protection devices to guard against electrocution risk, and an unspecified number of children's sleepwear garments that failed to meet mandated flammability standards. While Amazon removed some of the hazardous product listings, notified purchasers they presented a hazard and offered a refund in the form of an Amazon gift card, it failed to comply with all the requirements the CPSC imposes on product distributors, including issuing an agency-approved recall notice specifying the hazards, tracking product returns and documenting the destruction of hazardous products, Amazon contended it was a third-party logistics supplier exempted from CPSC distributor rules. On, Jan. 19, 2022, an administrative law judge ruled Amazon must comply with CPSC distributor rules because it handles functions that qualify it as such, including decisions on product returns and consumer refunds.