There are many possible causes of dizziness including low blood pressure, disturbance of the inner ear, and side effects from medication. It can also be caused by more serious conditions such as a stroke or traumatic brain injury. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, or BPPV, is the most common cause of vertigo. It is caused by calcium carbonate crystals, or otoconia, coming out of place within the inner ear. Physical therapists can perform specific head maneuvers to put the crystals back into place.