The Master-Slave architecture is a technique in which there is a centralised or privileged node that is responsible for coordinating and holding data. In contrast, the other nodes are slaves, i.e., they are a copy of the master and do the tasks assigned to them by the master. Hadoop has a master node called the Name node. It monitors the data nodes, has metadata in it, and receives heartbeat signals from data nodes. The slave nodes or data nodes store the actual data and perform operations on it. The secondary Name node does checkpointing periodically and helps the main node in its operations.