The ideal temperature for a compost pile is between 135-160°F (57-71°C) to support the growth and activity of microorganisms that break down the organic material. Temperatures below 110°F (43°C) indicate that the compost is not breaking down effectively, while temperatures above 170°F (77°C) can kill beneficial microorganisms. Maintaining a consistent temperature within this range can accelerate the composting process and produce high-quality compost.