The cause of leukemia is not known, and most cases can't be prevented. However, there are certain factors that may increase the chances of developing leukemia.
Risk factors for leukemia vary depending on the specific @type of disease. Some of the most common risk factors include:
Previous radiation treatment or chemotherapy
Repeated exposure to some chemicals, like benzene
Certain genetic disorders, such as Down syndrome
Family history of leukemia, especially a parent or sibling
Smoking
It's important to remember that having a risk factor (or several) does not mean that you will definitely get the disease. It's also possible to develop leukemia without having any known risk factors.
If you're concerned about your risk for leukemia, talk to your doctor.