Common software components that are required for robots to operate include:
Foundational software: Robots need foundational software, such as an operating system, open source robot operating system (ROS) software, and drivers for sensors and other additional hardware components that are on the system, to operate.
Algorithms: Algorithms allow robots to autonomously navigate and are used for localization, mapping, navigation, and motion estimation.
Edge server or cloud software: Cloud software applications, such as those for fleet management, simulations, and other micro services, allow AI data analytics to be performed on the raw information sensed and captured by robots. This allows robots to better understand their environment and take appropriate actions.
Artificial intelligence: Artificial intelligence allows robots to perform tasks faster and more accurately. Depending on what other hardware and software components a robot is equipped with, AI also enables operations such as object detection, classification, natural language processing, and conversational AI.