No, it is not required.   For the production of cultivated meat, dairy or seafood, FBS is not necessary and being  phased out by the Cellular Agriculture Europe members who are using it for their production  processes, for substantial reasons: batch-to-batch inconsistency, animal welfare, and risk of  adventitious agents. Besides, some of our members have never used FBS in their production  processes since the beginning.   Overall, cultivated meat companies’ raison d’être is to offer slaughter-free animal proteins.  Their goal is therefore to stop using FBS as soon as they can, for those who are still using it.  Animal-free and more cost-effective nutrient media are in development, with some already in  use in the cultured meat production process. However, FBS (or its derivative) may still be  used in early stage of cell line derivation, in very small amount and as a “one shot”.   The Cellular Agriculture Europe members who are using FBS in their production processes  are working on totally phasing out FBS.