The following are the three main exemptions for long-term capital gains:
Section 54 - This concerns long-term capital gains realised when selling a home and reinvesting the proceeds on another.
Section 54EC - Specifically, it relates to long-term capital gains on the sale of a house and reinvesting the amount received in specified bonds.
Section 54F - It applies to long-term capital gains on the sale of any asset other than a home, and the reinvestment of the amount received in the purchase of a home.
Capital Gains Account Scheme (CAGS) -
In the event you are unable to invest the long-term capital gains within the specified time, you can deposit the amount in a CAGS account. Within a given timeline, the money should be used to build or buy another residential property.