There are a few different reasons why a cat may pee or poop outside of the litter box. The most likely cause is behavioral, with your cat either dissatisfied with the current setup or responding to some other environmental stress. For example, if you've recently adopted an additional cat, your other cat may pee outside of the litter box to assert their control over territory. To alleviate the behavior, first clean the litter box and the area around it. Cats often refuse to use a litter box that's not up to their standards of cleanliness. If that doesn't work, you may need to make more drastic changes, including moving the litter box to a different location, selecting a larger litter box, or trying out alternatives to your current cat litter. Cats also sometimes ignore previous litter box training because of a medical issue. This could be anything from a kidney problem to arthritis that makes it difficult for them to enter the box. If your cat is consistently pooping and peeing outside of the box, you should consult a veterinarian. For more tips, check out our guide to solving common cat litter box problems.