ACA penalties are typically split into two categories:
Employer Shared Responsibility Payment (ESRP):
This penalty applies to large employers who do not offer minimum essential coverage to at least 95% of their full-time employees (and their dependents),
and at least one of their full-time employees receives a premium tax credit for purchasing individual coverage on one of the health insurance marketplaces.
The ESRP is also known as the "employer mandate" or "play or pay" penalty.
Reporting and Disclosure Penalties:
These penalties are assessed for failing to file required information returns with the IRS or to provide required statements to individuals.
These information returns include Form 1094-C and Form 1095-C, which large employers must file under the ACA's reporting requirements.