Probiotics work for fertility by helping with inflammation. LPS is a giant molecule made up of fat (lipid) and carbohydrate (polysaccharide) found in the walls of harmful bugs like E. coli. This substance also appears to promote the fertility-impairing potential of these bacteria. LPS induces widespread inflammation, which, in turn, triggers infertility. A study conducted on mouse models showed that owing to their strong anti-inflammatory properties, lactic acid-containing probiotics can block LPS-mediated inflammation and thus restore fertility. [3]