Although stoma procedures are a relatively common and safe surgery, there may be some possible complications such as:
Skin irritation: This is a common problem that’s caused by the adhesive on your ostomy appliance. Try using a different appliance or changing the adhesive you use.
Dehydration: Having a lot of waste exit through your stoma can lead to dehydration. In most cases, you can rehydrate yourself by drinking more fluids, but severe cases might require hospitalization. Avoiding foods high in sugar, salt and fat can decrease your risk of dehydration.
Leakage: If your stoma appliance doesn’t fit properly, it can leak. If this happens, you probably need a new appliance that fits better.
Bowel obstruction: If your food isn’t chewed or properly digested, it can cause a blockage in your intestines. Symptoms of a blockage include cramps, stomach pain, and a sudden decrease in waste. Call your doctor if you notice any symptoms of a blockage. While it may clear up on its own, some blockages require additional treatment.
Retraction: It’s possible for your stoma to move inward, usually due to weight gain, scar tissue, or improper placement. Retraction makes it hard to attach your appliance and can also cause irritation and leakage. Accessory products for your appliance can help, but a new stoma might be needed in severe cases.
Parastomal hernia: This is a frequent complication that happens when your intestine starts to press outward through the opening. These are very common and often go away on their own. However, in some cases you may need surgery to repair it.
Necrosis: Necrosis refers to tissue death, which happens when blood flow to your stoma is reduced or cut off. When this happens, it’s usually within the first few days after surgery.