Twenty three populations of Allium oleraceum were observed in the Central and South Lithuania in 1999–2001. The species frequently occurs on sunny slopes, at field margins, and on forest edges. A. oleraceum is more frequent on dryer, slightly acid, or alkaline soils of low fertility. The communities with A. oleraceum were ascribed to four vegetation classes. The intensity of generative and vegetative propagation was investigated in 7 populations. An average seed production varied from 0.1 to 4.5 seeds and the number of bulbils varied from 18.7 to 47.2 bulbils per plant. The number of bulbils and their mass correlate directly with plant height. Because of low seed production, the vegetative reproduction by bulbils is more important for the species distribution.
Keywords: Allium oleraceum, populations, communities, vegetative reproduction, generative reproduction, density, Lithuania.