No, they are actually quite different. The Whole30 diet is not a long-term eating plan. Instead, the restrictive diet involves eliminating almost everything except lean proteins, vegetables, and healthy fats. The Whole30 diet also includes more meat and does not allow consumption of added sugar and alcohol. Whole30 is designed to achieve a quick body reset and speedy weight loss. The Mediterranean diet is much less limited and even encourages red wine consumption (in moderation!). It is much more of a lifestyle change than it is a diet, encouraging you to eat natural, whole foods.