As people age, their bodies undergo various changes that can affect the throat’s natural defense mechanisms. These changes may include:
Reduced immune function: Aging is associated with immunosenescence, a gradual decline in the immune system’s function. This decline can lead to a weaker defense against infections, making seniors more susceptible to throat infections and related discomfort.
Reference: Shaw AC, Joshi S, Greenwood H, Panda A, Lord JM. Aging of the immune system. Nat Med. 2010;25(10):1410-1420. doi:10.1038/s41591-019-0671-9.
Dryness: Aging can lead to reduced mucus production in the throat. Mucus plays a crucial role in trapping and eliminating harmful pathogens, so decreased mucus production can weaken the throat’s defense against infections.
Reference: Akpinar ME, Karakus MF, Kurtul BE, Yoldas T, Yilmaz M. The effects of aging on nasal mucociliary clearance, nasal mucosa, and mucociliary clearance: A scanning electron microscopy study. Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2014;28(1):e29-e32. doi:10.2500/ajra.2014.28.3996.
Muscle weakening: With age, the muscles supporting the throat may weaken, leading to difficulties with swallowing and an increased risk of choking. This weakening can impact the proper functioning of the epiglottis, the structure that prevents food and liquids from entering the airway during swallowing.
Reference: Robbins J, Kays SA, Gangnon RE, Hind JA, Hewitt AL, Gentry LR, Taylor AJ. The effects of lingual exercise in stroke patients with dysphagia. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2007;88(2):150-158. doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2006.11.002.
Thinning of throat tissues: Aging can lead to the thinning and fragility of the tissues lining the throat, making it more susceptible to irritation and injury, thus facilitating the onset of infections.
Reference: Goshayeshi L, Fereidan-Esfahani M, Assari S, Poursadeghiyan M, Khandan M, Goshayeshi L, Safarzadeh S. A systematic review of the effectiveness of dry cupping on skin and muscle conditions. J Clin Diagn Res. 2017;11(6):ZE18-ZE21. doi:10.7860/JCDR/2017/25654.10071.
As for the tips to support and boost throat health in seniors, the recommendations in my previous response are based on general health guidelines and common practices. To find more specific and up-to-date references, medical literature, authoritative health websites, or expert-reviewed articles would be valuable resources. Always consult a healthcare professional for personalized advice and recommendations regarding individual health concerns.