Bed bugs are masters at survival and can survive when sucked up by a vacuum and crawl back out. It is so important to remove the vacuum bag straight after use and seal it with tape so no bed bugs can crawl out. Place the sealed bag into a plastic bag and seal and take it out for the trash immediately. If your vacuum is bagless then empty the contents into a plastic bag, seal it and dispose of it in the trash outside immediately. The removable container, filter, hose, and any attachments that were used need washing in hot soapy water to remove and kill any surviving bed bugs. If not, these pests can crawl out and will go in search of a blood meal, and potentially spread to other rooms. Something you definitely want to avoid! I go into this in a lot more detail on how to get rid of bed bugs, which you'll find useful.