In this context, "auto" refers to an ethnographer who includes biographical information. Second, autoethnography is a text, however broadly defined, written by an author who has frequently been the topic of ethnographic writing. For example, Mary Ann Doane argues that "the student who wishes to understand film culture from a cultural point of view must study films themselves and write about them" (qtd in Nash & Wray 2001, x). Thus, she could be considered an autoethnographer. Other authors have also used the term autoethnography. In an early work, Gayle Rubin described her project as "a form of personal anthropology which I am calling autoethnography" (1977, 243). Since then, other scholars have adopted or adapted this approach. For example, Carol Delaney calls her project "an autobiographical account of female adolescence" (1989, vii) while Jill Bennett describes hers as a "writing-about-myself project" (2001, 5). Autoethnography can be used to describe any type of ethnographic writing, whether it focuses on a single researcher or more than one. However, it is most commonly applied to texts that include the author's own experiences as a source of data. For example, an autoethnography of film would use facts about the writer's life to explain certain aspects of cinema history or theory.