A colposcopy is a diagnostic procedure where Dr. Jean-Gilles uses a special microscope to examine the cells on your cervix. During a colposcopy, you recline on a treatment table, like you would during a Pap smear. Dr. Jean-Gilles uses a speculum to gently open your vagina, then looks through the colposcope — which stays on the outside of your body — to look at your cervix. The process only takes about 10 minutes and shouldn’t cause any discomfort.