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Aluminium Smelting is the second largest industry in India after Iron and steel. It is used as a substitute for steel, copper, and lead in various businesses. Aluminium is a good conductor of heat and is used to produce and distribute electricity, manufacture household utensils, electric appliances, rail coaches, aeroplanes, and nuclear and defence accessories.  It is a rapidly growing industry and comprises two basic segments - the upstream and the downstream. The former produces primary aluminium, while the downstream segment processes the aluminium into semi-finished goods.