While X-rays involve minimal radiation exposure, dental professionals take precautions to minimize potential risks. Lead aprons and thyroid collars are often provided to patients to shield sensitive areas, and modern X-ray machines use digital technology, reducing radiation doses compared to traditional film-based systems. Additionally, dentists follow the "ALARA" principle (As Low As Reasonably Achievable), ensuring that X-rays are only recommended when necessary, and the exposure is kept as low as possible while still obtaining the required diagnostic information.