Research shows that a vegetarian diet can offer many health benefits. Vegetarians are at a reduced risk for developing heart disease, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cancer. A vegetarian diet consists primarily of plant-based foods, which contain healthy fats, fiber, and antioxidants. One study showed lower total cholesterol in individuals who followed a vegetarian diet. A vegetarian diet is also more sustainable and less harmful to the environment than a meat-based diet.