As consumer protections favor the customer, merchants often find themselves in an uphill battle to win a chargeback dispute. In order to simply participate in challenging the chargeback, merchants must complete every stage of the process under increasingly tighter timeframes. First chargeback: The merchant has an opportunity to dispute and explain its side,   providing detailed evidence to prove it did fulfill the order to the customer as   described; the merchant can win here and see the charge re-posted to the   consumer's account; if not... Second chargeback (pre-arbitration): There is a second opportunity to dispute the   chargeback, but usually requires new and compelling evidence from the merchant Arbitration: Either side can call for arbitration by the card association for a final decision; fees to the losing side can be considerable, so merchants typically avoid   arbitration for transactions below a certain amount https://www.signifyd.com/resources/fraud-101/chargeback-process-in-depth/