Yeats may be praying that his own infant girl does not grow up to be such a rogue! The lines you are quoting in this poetry are about the Greek and Roman goddess Venus (her Roman name) or Aphrodite. She is claimed to have been born from the sea spray. Her father was Hephaestus, who was also known as Phoebus (the Greek name for the sun). Venus was one of the most popular gods in ancient Greece. His worship spread all over the world and remains important in Christianity and Islam as well. So, the great queen in a prayer for my daughter is Venus/Aphrodite.