Peak and off-peak hours refer to the times when demand for utility services, such as electricity, is highest and lowest, respectively. Peak hours, often called rush hours, usually occur when people are most active, typically mornings and evenings on weekdays. For instance, when people come home from work and start using appliances, lights, and electronics, electricity usage spikes, marking peak hours. Off-peak hours, on the other hand, usually fall during the night when most people are asleep, and thus, energy demand is lower. Understanding these periods is important for both consumers and utility providers: consumers can often save money by using energy-intensive appliances during off-peak times, while utility providers need to ensure their infrastructure can handle the load during peak hours.