A range of factors contribute to disadvantage. In our experience we generally see this manifesting in an inter-connected combination of the following factors: – Students suffering misfortune or destitution – Very low income or experiencing financial hardship – Family violence or dysfunction – Students living in Out Of Home Care – Students or their family member living with a disability – Parents with an immigrant. asylum or refugee background – Identification as an Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander – Identification as a Pacific or South Sea Islander – Geographic isolation – Low parental or carer academic achievement.