To prevent wood from splitting when using screws, there are several techniques you can employ. Firstly, it's important to pre-drill pilot holes before inserting screws into hardwood or dense lumber. Pilot holes help reduce resistance and pressure on the wood, minimizing the chances of splitting. Additionally, you can use countersink bits to create recesses for screw heads so they don't exert excessive force on the surface of the wood. Another method is lubricating screws with a bar of soap or wax before installation, which can make driving them easier and reduce splitting risks.