If you’re living an unhealthy lifestyle or you have a genetic predisposition that puts you at risk of heart attack or stroke, then your primary care doctor will refer you to a cardiologist. This may occur if your physician notices red flags in your physical exam or tests that puts you at risk for heart disease. Indicators such as high cholesterol and high blood pressure are strong risk factors for heart disease. A cardiologist specializes in diagnosing treating problems concerning the heart, arteries, and veins.