There are 7 main types of logos:
Monogram logos (or lettermarks) are logos that consist of letters, most other the initials of the brand the logo is for (e.g. LV for Louis Vuitton).
Wordmarks logos are logos that include the name of the brand in their logo, without any additional symbols or images (e.g. the Coca-Cola Logo).
Symbolic logos are logos that use an image as the representation of the company (e.g. Apple).
Abstract logos are logos that consist of an image that is not recognizable beyond being the representation of the company (e.g. MasterCard).
Mascot logos are logos based on an identifiable brand ambassador or character (e.g. KFC’s Colonel Sanders logo).
Combination logos include both wordmark and symbolic aspects in one (e.g. Puma).
Emblem logos are similar to combination logos in that they combine an image and text, but the text is within the image as opposed to next to it (e.g. Starbucks).