Hobart is the capital of Tasmania, an island nation located south of the Australian mainland. It was founded in 1804 by the British Empire as a penal colony and played an important role in transporting convicts from the United Kingdom to Australia. In the early 20th century, Hobart became an important port for Antarctic research expeditions, and the city has since become a cultural center, attracting visitors with its history, museums, nature and vibrant arts scene. Today, Hobart is a modern city that retains many historic and cultural landmarks.