To ensure qualitative test estimations, every quality manager must consider the knowns as well as the unknowns and thereby factor in the resources, team capabilities, potential risks, and a buffer to come up with a near-to-real estimate on the test item. Estimates need not be accurate to the point but they should reflect a true understanding of the test item and scope in any challenges the team may face in executing or validating the tests. While considering the above factors, the quality manager must ensure to use of a proven estimation technique that can just help in such scenarios:  Function Point Analysis  Delphi method  Planning poker  Three-point estimation  PERT technique  Work breakdown structure  These techniques aim at achieving granularity to ensure the right estimates for the right work.