No, premium increases in personal health policies are not linked to claims. That said, premiums can be increased :
with respect to age for e.g., if you turn 46 before your policy renewal date and the policy mentions it has a different premium above the age of 45, you will need to pay extra, irrespective of whether you have made a claim in the current policy or not.
when IRDA permits; Insurers need to get an approval from IRDA before they can effect any changes in the policy terms. If your Insurer thinks that the product portfolio is not performing upto their expectations, they might apply to IRDA, who in turn would assess the situation and take a call on the increase.
health inflation; this also needs to be approved by IRDA.
if explicitly mentioned in your policy; your policy could have different premiums for different age groups, if you cross into a different age group at renewal, the Insurer will increase your premium.
addition of covers; if you decide to opt for an add-on on at renewal, it will cost you more.