No sir – common mistake! The 7.62x39 is only suitable for the AK-47, SKS, and a few other Russian-designed firearms. The 7.62x51, on the other hand, is virtually identical to the 308 Win: negligible differences in dimensions, very slightly lower chamber pressure. Your 308 rifle can fire any of the ammo on our 308/7.62x51 page:
luckygunner.com/rifle/308-ammo