Enlightenment ideas spread through various channels, including salons, coffeehouses, and print media. Salons were gatherings hosted by wealthy women where intellectuals, artists, and politicians discussed new ideas. Coffeehouses served as public spaces for people to read newspapers, pamphlets, and engage in political discussions. The increased availability of printed materials, such as books and newspapers, also played a crucial role in disseminating Enlightenment ideas among the literate population.