Cyber criminals today are usually professionally organized and are constantly developing new methods of attack. Malware, for example, can carry out unwanted or harmful actions on the target system, as is the case with viruses, worms or Trojans. Ransomware, on the other hand, uses malware to encrypt a system and blackmail a victim into releasing the system only against payment of a ransom. Social engineering, in which attackers pretend to be trustworthy or known to the victim, is also widespread. One form is phishing, where the victim is tricked into performing certain actions, such as unknowingly installing malware.
These are just some of the many methods cyber criminals use to threaten IT security.