Sucrose is the most cariogenic carbohydrate in our diet because it can be transformed into extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) by some plaque bacteria, such as Streptococcus mutans. EPSs are sugars that bacteria produce and release outside their cells. EPSs help the bacteria stick to the teeth and form a protective layer that shields them from saliva, brushing, and antimicrobial agents. EPSs also provide a rich source of fermentable sugars for the bacteria to produce acids that damage the enamel.