Safety – the micro-organism chosen must be non-pathogenic and non-toxic. Within the EU all probiotics must be registered for use in an individual animal species. For example, Enterococcus faecium (DSM 10663/NCIMB 10415) 4b E1707 is registered for use in dogs and cats.
Viability – the micro-organisms within a probiotic product should remain viable during their storage. The probiotics should also be able to pass safely through the stomach so they are able to colonize the gut. A good freeze-drying process will enable the product to be stored at room temperature throughout the duration of its shelf life. Microencapsulation will provide protection from the acidic environment of the stomach.
Sufficient numbers – the concentration of a probiotic must be such that inclusion rates provide a beneficial effect.
Quality assurance – when manufacturing probiotic products high-quality standards and processes are imperative. This ensures that the product meets label specifications and is effective and safe to use.