Several methods are employed for backflow prevention in plumbing systems. These include:
Air gaps: Creating a physical separation between the water outlet and potential contaminants.
Check valves: Installing valves that allow water to flow in one direction only, preventing backflow.
Reduced pressure zone (RPZ) devices: These assemblies use a series of check valves and relief valves to maintain lower pressure, preventing backflow.
Double-check valves: Utilizing two check valves to prevent backflow in low-risk applications like irrigation systems.
Atmospheric vacuum breakers: Devices that prevent backflow by breaking the vacuum in the system.