A state can exercise its police powers to regulate business practices in the interest of public health when there is a real and substantial relation between the regulation and the public health objective, and when the means employed are not arbitrary or oppressive. The state must demonstrate that the regulation serves to prevent harm and is the least restrictive means to achieve the intended public health benefit.
For example: A state requires restaurants to maintain certain hygiene standards, like temperature control for foods, which directly correlates to preventing foodborne illnesses, thus serving a public health goal without being excessive.