All cartridges are 510 thread and fit in most batteries. That said, this issue is single-handedly responsible for more user errors and cartridge issues than any other issue. The oil viscosity and type of cartridge used by each company may be different and require a different voltage battery. This is why each company offers a matching battery for their cartridge, to ensure that the customer has the proper voltage battery to go with their cartridge. The appropriate voltage battery ensures that your cartridge works and burns correctly. If you are having trouble with your cartridge, make sure you use the correct voltage battery before you assume the cartridge is defective.