Yes, Missouri has a penalty for not having health insurance. This penalty is enforced through the federal tax law known as the Individual Shared Responsibility Payment (ISRP). The ISRP requires that individuals have minimum essential coverage or pay a fee when they file their taxes each year. For 2021, this fee is 2.5% of an individual's total household income above the filing threshold amount or $695 per adult and $347.50 per child under 18, whichever is higher. In addition to this financial penalty, individuals who do not have health insurance may also face potential medical debt due to unexpected illness or injury without coverage in place.