The alternatives to Python programming language are the interpreted languages such as Java, JavaScript, Perl, Tcl, and Smalltalk. In some aspects, it is also often compared to C++, Common Lisp, and Scheme.However, the closest is probably JavaScript: the language is also dynamically typed, interpreted, and cross-platform. Nevertheless, when choosing between Python or JavaScript, the key differences to consider will include their libraries, performance, and learning curve.