Dental plaque is a sticky film covering teeth. It is formed by saliva, proteins, and bacteria. Every time you eat, acids, particles, and sugars can get stuck on this plaque. Brushing your teeth, flossing, and rinsing regularly are often sufficient measures to remove the majority of this plaque. But there are times when plaque is not removed and allowed to build up. When plaque builds up over a period of time, it will eventually harden and turn into calculus.nnWhen calculus forms, it can no longer be removed through traditional brushing and/or flossing. This requires a professional cleaning from a periodontist to be removed. If calculus is not removed early enough, gum disease can develop, which can cause a range of issues, including gum recession, jawbone deterioration, and eventually the loss of teeth.nnOne of the best methods for preventing plaque from building up and hardening into calculus is to follow proper oral hygiene self-care. Brush and floss your teeth twice daily, and be mindful of avoiding foods or beverages that are sugary or starchy; and if you do eat or drink these foods or beverages, rinse your mouth after doing so. It is also important to avoid using tobacco products — especially chewing tobacco.nnFor patients who have already developed calculus, it will be necessary to schedule an appointment to have the calculus professionally removed through a scale and root planing procedure or LANAP.