The cycle of isolation refers to how those with PTSD may isolate themselves in cycles depending on how they respond to these three stages: hyperarousal, intrusion and constriction. In the hyperarousal stage, individuals are very guarded and on high alert, and they may be likely to lash out with aggression. During the intrusive stage, it’s common to relive traumatic events in conjunction with graphic nightmares. The constriction phase results in numbness and an absence of self. This is the stage most commonly associated with self-isolation, even though this can happen at any given time throughout the cycle. However, manifestation can differ significantly from one individual to another, and reactions can vary greatly, even among those who have endured similar experiences.
The cycle of isolation is important for friends and family concerned about a PTSD-affected individual to understand. As this kind of behavior can move in circles, a decrease in isolating behaviors may not mean the individual is in a better state of mind. As such, getting help should still be encouraged, even when trends appear to improve on the surface.