It is uncertain what causes type 1 diabetes, but some factors that can contribute towards diabetes are: Immune system malfunction Genetics Exposure to viruses Diabetes Type 1 Treatment and Management Type 1 diabetes cannot be cured, and the treatment emphasizes controlling blood sugar levels with insulin, food, and lifestyle changes to avoid complications. It can include: Taking insulin Carbohydrate, fat, and protein counting Blood sugar monitoring Exercising regularly and maintaining a healthy weight