There are many reasons to take a leave of absence from work. These can be for simple things like to take a holiday or go to the dentists. More complicated reasons include maternity/paternity leave, civic duties (e.g., to perform the role of a Magistrate), and absence due to a conviction. Here are a few reasons that an employee may request a leave of absence:
Leave to look after a new child. This can be for antenatal care, maternity, paternity, parental, or adoption leave.
Taking time off work for family issues, such as an ill child or parent.
Taking time off for public duties or to cover activities by a trade union official or a learning representative.