Twin rudders are undoubtedly the best solution for fingertip steering and even more importantly less pilot wear and lower electric consumption. Twin rudders are ideally positioned and provide best control in heavy seas. When the boat is heeling, the downwind rudder, while smaller compared to a full scale single rudder, is more efficient given the optimum incidence angle. A very significant drawback is the exposure and vulnerability to debris impact, being outside the keel/centerboard or propeller skeg protection. As a matter of fact, under heel the upwind rudder close to the surface with no protection from the hull is the most vulnerable. An inauspicious floating container on the way would blow up the lower part (at minimum) of the rudder not protected by a skeg usually positioned higher up closer to the hull bottom. Stout aluminium construction with heavy scantlings and the addition of protective skegs (compromising performance and fingertip steering as the protection increases) is a solution, but not totally satisfactory. In remote areas wharfs are not always clear with immersed rocks potentially damaging rudders, or ice drifting can push the boat towards an unsafe shore with shallow rocks... under these conditions a single rudder boat is vulnerable too, which is even more critical since there is no spare rudder left to steer the boat. Retractable rudders are an attractive solution, especially if they can still be positioned under the hull for optimum performance and well integrated into the transom, not being exposed to potential collisions with a dodgy wharf or other boats in small busy harbors. Immersed lifting devices (cylinders), as well as rudders folding into two halves resulting in poor hydrodynamics are better avoided.