The holding company directs, coordinates activities and decides on important issues of personnel and production and business of the subsidiary according to the general strategy of the parent company - subsidiary model. . This model not only has two layers of linking parent company - subsidiary company, but there are additional layers of linkage between the subsidiary - its subsidiary (also called a subsidiary company if the parent company is the center). ), the association between the parent company - the grandchild company and most of the companies have the parent's last name.