Not all chess pies are buttermilk pies, but all buttermilk pies are chess pies. Chess pie hails from England originally, but it is known as a Southern dish and it features flour, butter, eggs, and sugar. Buttermilk pie isn't as sweet or rich as chess pie. It's tangy, creamy, and omits the cornmeal found in chess pie. Buttermilk pie has a citrusy tang thanks to the lemon juice, while chess pie doesn't. If you love one of these pies though you are definitely going to love the other too!