Alcohols: Alcohols are commonly utilised disinfectants known for their rapid action. The predominant types you might come across are ethanol and isopropanol. These are widely used in hand sanitisers and for surface disinfection. Aldehydes: The aldehyde class of disinfectants includes agents like formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde. They are particularly valuable in the medical field for instrument sterilisation and are also used for general surface disinfection. Chlorine and Chlorine Compounds: This category encompasses disinfectants like sodium hypochlorite, which most people recognise as household bleach, and calcium hypochlorite. They serve a dual purpose, being effective for both surface disinfection and water treatment processes. Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (Quats): Quats, as they're often referred to, include chemicals such as benzalkonium chloride and cetrimonium bromide. Their versatility makes them suitable for a variety of applications, from surface disinfection to serving as antiseptics in healthcare settings. Peroxides: Hydrogen peroxide and peracetic acid are the primary members of this disinfectant category. They're notable for their role in surface disinfection and sterilisation of medical instruments. Phenolics: Phenolic disinfectants, with well-known members like Lysol and triclosan, have long been used for surface disinfection. Additionally, their properties make them suitable as antiseptics in various healthcare environments. Biguanides: Chlorhexidine is the most recognised biguanide disinfectant. Its efficacy against a diverse range of bacteria and enveloped viruses has cemented its place in medical applications, notably as skin antiseptics and wound cleansers. Iodophors: Povidone-iodine stands out as the primary iodophor disinfectant. It's renowned for its broad-spectrum activity, making it an ideal choice for skin antiseptics and wound care.