Zambia was known as Northern Rhodesia before to independence. The British South Africa Company's flag was the first to be flown in 1890. The Union Flag had been defiled with a circular disk featuring a lion holding a tusk and the initials B.S.A.C. in reference to its founder, Cecil Rhodes. The appearance of a lion on England's flag is probably due to the presence of the Royal Family of Britain. The royal family has always enjoyed the protection of the Lion Rampant since it was used by King Edward I to seal treaties with other countries. The rampant or standing lion is still used today by members of the royal family to indicate that they are willing to vouch for any treaty obligations that may have been breached. The presence of a lion on the flags of both Britain and Zambia indicates that these two nations have maintained strong relationships over the years. In fact, when Zambia became independent in 1964, it agreed to maintain ties with its former colonial ruler, Britain. These agreements include financial support and a role for British officials in Zambia's government. Lions have appeared on various flags throughout history. The Lion Rampant was originally used by the kings of England to seal treaties with other countries. It also appears on some coins and stamps. There are several theories about how the red color of blood comes from a lion's head.