X-ray imaging produces pictures of the inside of the body, and these pictures can help medical professionals diagnose broken bones and many other health issues. For example, chest X-rays can help diagnose pneumonia, or a mammogram can help diagnose breast cancer. In fact, there are a lot of different medical conditions X-rays can help diagnose, including broken bones, dislocations, lung cancer, breast cancer, pneumonia, emphysema, arthritis, osteoporosis, and even heart failure. Additionally, X-rays can help detect foreign objects like metal fragments.