Since Amsterdam, the capital city of the Netherlands, is a part of Europe, the only currency that will be accepted here is Euro. Hence, before visiting Amsterdam, you will be required to exchange your currency to Euro through currency exchange agencies.
Depending upon the commission rates charged by them, you can exchange to get Euro coins and notes at a bank or the official Foreign Exchange Bureaus. Even though there are notes up to 500 Euros, try avoiding them as they aren't accepted at some places. Hence, it is safe to carry notes of denominations equal to or less than 50 Euros. Credit cards are also an accepted mode of payment, although the transaction fees charged is high.