A controversial essay is one in which the author takes a strong stance on a contentious topic. Controversial essays are frequently argumentative in nature, attempting to advocate for or against one side of a contentious subject. Authors may use various forms of writing to produce controversial essays including fiction, non-fiction, and poetry. Topics for controversial essays include current events, political issues, social problems, and personal experiences. Because this type of essay requires a high degree of creativity and risk taking, topics are often chosen by the writer at the outset of the process. The editor can provide suggestions for possible topics, but they cannot force an author to write about something else. During their editing process, publishers aim to ensure that controversial essays do not contain factual errors or other problems with language usage or style. Therefore, editors will typically make several revisions to the text as a whole, as well as specific changes to the structure and tone of the piece. These can include modifications to improve the flow of the essay, add clarity where there is confusion, or address any other issue that emerges during review. Publishing companies also seek out qualified reviewers who have expertise in the field of literature for controversial essays. They may use these individuals to help them make judgments about pieces they have never seen before.