Point clouds are generated with scanning and sensing technologies and methods like LiDAR, structured-light scanning, time-of-flight cameras, sonar, radar, and photogrammetry. These methods capture data about the geometry and spatial information for objects and environments by measuring distances, light patterns, or wave reflections. The captured data is then processed and converted into a set of 3D points, each based on a specific position in space. Post-processing steps are often taken to refine the data, improve its accuracy, and translate it across trades and applications.