No, Campari and Aperol are not the same thing — for starters, Aperol has a sweeter flavor than Campari’s bitter flavor profile (which is well suited for famous cocktails like the Boulevardier and Negroni). Aperol has an ABV of 11% compared with Campari’s 20.5% to 28.5% ABV, and Aperol’s ingredients differ from those of Campari significantly (Aperol contains rhubarb, sweet and bitter orange citrus oils, cinchona bark, and gentian root, while Campari’s dry ingredients are soaked and steeped for 15 days in vats, making the final mix extremely bitter).