The embryology of the development of the tongue involves the formation of three types of tissue: endoderm, ectoderm, and mesoderm. The tongue develops from the first and second pharyngeal arches, which give rise to the tongue's muscles, nerves, and blood vessels. The endoderm forms the lingual papillae and taste buds, while the ectoderm forms the epithelial covering of the tongue. The mesoderm gives rise to the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue.