Some of the fungicides that can be used to treat seeds or soil are captan, thiram, metalaxyl, mefenoxam, fludioxonil, and iprodione. However, the effectiveness of these fungicides may vary depending on the type of fungus involved and the environmental conditions. Therefore, it is advisable to test the fungicide on a small batch of seeds before applying it to the whole lot. Alternatively, biological control agents such as Trichoderma, Bacillus, or Streptomyces can be used to suppress damping-off fungi. These agents are naturally occurring microorganisms that colonize the seed or root surface and compete with or inhibit the pathogenic fungi. Biological control agents are generally safer and more environmentally friendly than chemical fungicides, but they may also have variable efficacy depending on the situation.