The most common kidney disease is chronic kidney disease. It is a long-term problem and it doesn’t improve over time. It is caused by high blood pressure. As you have read above, one of the functions of the kidneys is to clean blood. There are tiny vessels in the kidneys. When the blood pressure is high, these vessels begin to get damaged and the kidney function begins to decline. Eventually, the kidneys can no longer perform their job and the patient needs to switch to dialysis. There is an option of kidney transplant but you need to wait for a donor and even then, it is never sure whether your body is going to accept the kidney or not. Diabetes too can result in kidney failure because your kidney needs to process extra sugar on an ongoing basis. Kidney stone is another kidney problem. Minerals and other substances in the blood crystallize and get deposited inside the kidneys as solid masses, which are called stones. Usually they exit via urine but sometimes medical intervention is needed. Urinary tract infection is a bacterial infection and although they happen in the bladder and urethra, they can spread to kidneys and cause the kidneys to fail.