The UK’s system works slightly differently than Canada’s. To be allowed to live in the UK permanently, you must already be living and working in the UK or have family in the UK. This is called Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR).
Unless you have family living in the UK, you must have a UK visa to apply for ILR. The most popular visa for the UK is the Skilled Worker Visa, which is for foreign nationals with:
A job with an approved UK employer
A job offer from the list of eligible occupations
A certificate of sponsorship from their employer
An agreement of salary higher than the national minimum wage.
The UK has multiple visa programs outside of this, based on your circumstances, which you can find on the UK government website.