Rock extraction costs $40 to $100 per cubic yard if blasting is used to generate tiny, transportable bits of rock from shelves or huge boulders. If the rock is larger than an excavator or backhoe can handle, the expense of digging increases the most. The price of rock excavation depends on many factors such as size, type, and location of the project. The overall cost of rock excavation can be divided into four main categories: equipment, labor, materials, and miscellaneous. Equipment costs include the cost of heavy-duty scrapers, dozers, loaders, asphalt pavers, and other mining tools. Labor costs include the salary of excavator helpers and pumper truck drivers. Materials costs include the price of diesel and gasoline as well as the purchase of sand, clay, and fertilizer for use after the site has been mined. Miscellaneous expenses include fees paid to local authorities and insurance against damage to property and vehicles. The total cost of rock excavation will vary depending on the type of equipment used, but it should fall within a reasonable range. Extraction methods such as hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling reduce the cost of rock excavation by making more efficient use of material and equipment. However, these techniques also increase the risk of human injury and environmental damage. The cost of excavating rock varies based on several factors such as size, type, and location of the project.