Lisztomania, often known as Liszt fever, was an extreme fanaticism directed towards Hungarian musician Franz Liszt during his concerts. Lisztomania was defined by tremendous levels of frenzy displayed by fans, similar to how renowned musicians are treated today, but at a time not recognized for such musical passion. The term was coined by French journalist Alphonse Künig in 1846. He described it as "a new word which must be added to the dictionary: a Lisztomaniac is a fan who experiences this disease to such a degree that he or she can no longer be controlled". Künig also wrote about other musicians who had been affected by fanatism, among them Beethoven and Bonaparte. However, it was Liszt's notoriety that made him a perfect subject for this kind of criticism. At the time, France and Germany were competing for influence over Europe and there was a general feeling among politicians and intellectuals that only one of these countries should dominate music festivals across the continent. Thus, it was seen as a good thing when Künig labeled Liszt as a French artist who had found success in Germany. This opinion was shared by many Germans at the time because they felt that they were missing out on some great music due to the fact that they didn't know Liszt personally.