Unattended payments involve automated systems, such as payment terminals or mobile applications, where users can initiate and complete EV charging transactions. Cashless payments eliminate the need for physical currency and rely on digital payment methods. This includes credit or debit cards, mobile wallets, contactless payments, or other electronic payment solutions. Direct EV charging payments allow EV drivers to pay directly at the charging station using a payment terminal. On the payment terminal, EV drivers can select the payment method they prefer, such as a credit or debit card, a mobile app, or tapping a contactless card. The payment terminal securely processes the transaction, verifying the payment details and authorizing the payment amount. At the end of the charging session, the payment terminal may provide a receipt or a transaction summary.