Yes, nutrient deficiencies can significantly impact cognitive function. Essential nutrients such as B vitamins, vitamin D, omega-3 fatty acids, and antioxidants are critical for maintaining brain health. Deficiencies in these nutrients can impair neurotransmitter production, reduce energy availability to brain cells, and increase oxidative stress, all of which can contribute to cognitive decline. Ensuring a balanced diet rich in these nutrients or using supplements as needed can support cognitive function.