Dog owners should handle encounters with other dogs or wildlife during walks with caution and preparation. Always keep dogs on a leash to maintain control. If encountering another dog, communicate with the other owner and keep interactions brief and supervised. For wildlife, it's best to keep a safe distance and avoid engaging or chasing the animal. Carrying a deterrent, like a spray, can be useful in some situations. Training dogs to respond to commands during such encounters ensures safety and prevents potential conflicts or harm.