Smart motorways are specialised sections of motorways in busy areas designed to optimise traffic flow and increase capacity. Methods applied typically include using the hard shoulder as an additional lane, implementing dynamic lane closures, and varying speed limits. Compliance with these regulations, including keeping to speed limits and lane closures, is crucial for maintaining safety and efficiency on these roads. Non-compliance can result in penalties similar to standard motorway offences, including fines, driver's license points, or more severe legal consequences for severe violations. Ignoring lane closure signs, indicated by a red X, also carries penalties.