The greenhouse effect refers to the process by which certain gases in the atmosphere trap heat from the sun, leading to an increase in the Earth's surface temperature. This phenomenon is essential for maintaining a habitable climate on our planet. The gases responsible for the greenhouse effect include carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and water vapor. They act like a blanket, preventing the escape of heat from the Earth into space. However, human activities, such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation, have significantly increased the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, leading to an enhanced greenhouse effect and global warming. It is essential to understand and address the greenhouse effect to mitigate the impacts of climate change.