Tourism can have both positive and negative effects on local cultures and communities. On one hand, it can promote cultural exchange and understanding, allowing visitors to experience and appreciate local traditions, customs, and lifestyles. This exposure can lead to increased awareness and preservation of cultural heritage. On the other hand, mass tourism can lead to cultural commodification, where local traditions are altered or commercialized to cater to tourist expectations. This can result in a loss of authenticity and identity for local communities. Therefore, it is essential for tourism to be managed sustainably, ensuring that the benefits are shared while minimizing negative impacts on local cultures.