In SrTa2S5, the structural modulation involves an incommensurate one-dimensional (1D) modulation of 2D transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) H-TaS2 layers. This modulation leads to anisotropic electronic transport in the H-TaS2 layers, affecting the quantum oscillations and exhibiting commensurability oscillations similar to lithographically modulated 2D systems. This differs from other moiré materials and artificial van der Waals heterostructures where the modulations are typically two-dimensional and periodic. The presence of unconventional, clean-limit superconductivity in SrTa2S5, with a suppression of interlayer coherence, further distinguishes it from other systems.