There are three main types of aquarium filtration: mechanical, chemical, and biological. Each type of filtration plays an important role in keeping your aquarium water clean and healthy.
Mechanical filtration is the process of removing physical debris from the water, such as uneaten food, fish waste, and plant matter. This is typically done with a filter sponge or pad that captures the debris as water flows through it. Chemical filtration helps to remove dissolved impurities from the water using activated carbon or other media. Biological filtration provides a home for beneficial bacteria that break down harmful ammonia and nitrites in the water. These bacteria are essential for a healthy aquarium ecosystem.