Patriliny is the system through which descent from father to son and grandson is traced. The principle of patriliny would have been essential for the elite families for the following reasons: Continuity of Dynasty: As per the Dharmashastras, it was an established belief that the son carried forward the dynasty. hat was the main reason that the families wished for sons not for daughters. A couplet of Rigveda also substantiates this view In this couplet, a father at the time of the marriage of his daughter wishes that she should have best sons with the grace of Lord Shiva. Inheritance: In royal families, the acquisition of throne was included in the inheritance. After the death of a king, his eldest son was supposed to inherit the throne After the death of the parents, the property was to be equally divided among all the sons. In fact, parents avoided disputes in the family after their death. Most of the royal families followed the patriliny since 600 B.C. But sometimes this system had exceptions also.
(i) The brother of the king ascended the throne in case the former had no son.
(ii) Relatives also claimed inheritance of the throne
(iii) In some special cases, women also ascended the throne like Prabhavati Gupta.