Underground mining presents several disadvantages: High Risk: There is a higher risk of accidents due to roof collapses, gas explosions, and flooding. Health Hazards: Miners are exposed to harmful gases, dust, and noise, leading to conditions like black lung disease. High Cost: Underground mining is generally more expensive than surface mining due to the complexity of the operation and the need for more specialized equipment. Environmental Impact: Although it disturbs less land on the surface, it can cause subsidence and groundwater contamination. Limited Access: Accessing deep seams is challenging, and ventilation is crucial to maintaining a safe working environment.