The four common types of brain injuries that can occur during birth include:
1. Cerebral Dysgenesis - Cerebral dysgenesis rarely occurs as the result of a birth injury. This condition usually occurs before birth when the brain does not develop and grow correctly and can cause cerebral palsy.
2. Periventricular Leukomalacia - This type of brain damage occurs when a baby is premature. Sections of brain tissue die and leave holes in their place. The Infant can experience developmental problems, learning disabilities, and nervous system problems.
3. Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy - This brain injury occurs when the brain is not receiving sufficient oxygen. When an infant experiences this brain injury, it can be permanent and cause cerebral palsy, cognitive functioning problems, and developmental disabilities. The extent of the damage is related to how long the brain did not receive sufficient oxygen.
4. Intracranial Hemorrhage - An intracranial hemorrhage is also called brain bleeding. When the brain bleeds, it can damage brain cells. Extensive brain bleeding can cause developmental issues and neurologic issues. Some infants could also experience seizures or epilepsy.