General surgery often requires general anesthesia. General anesthesia involves the use of medications to induce a state of unconsciousness, ensuring the patient feels no pain and remains unaware during the surgical procedure. It typically involves a combination of intravenous medications and inhaled gases to maintain anesthesia. The anesthesiologist closely monitors vital signs, oxygen levels, and depth of anesthesia throughout the surgery. In some cases, regional anesthesia techniques such as epidural or spinal anesthesia may be used, especially for specific procedures or when general anesthesia carries higher risks.