Nootropics, otherwise known as cognition enhancers or “smart drugs”, are often used to boost brain performance at school or work. Those sold over the counter, such as Panax ginseng or L-theanine, are generally safe for most people, and the side effects usually only mild if you follow dosage recommendations. However, prescription nootropics that are often used to treat a specific medical condition, such as ADHD or narcolepsy, can have dangerous stimulant effects when used to boost mental performance. These include drugs such as Ritalin, Adderall, and Modafinil. As with all prescription medications, they can have serious side effects and should only be taken under the guidance of a doctor.