In most schools in the United States, fifth grade is the fifth and final year of elementary school. Unless a kid has been pushed back or skipped a grade, students are typically 10–11 years old. The national average age on admission to kindergarten is 5.6 years old. However, some states require that children be at least 7 years old by October 1 of their entering year to be admitted to public kindergartens. Other factors such as family income and location may influence how young you have to be to start school. Most children enter the fifth grade with reading skills between what is considered "basic" and "proficient." The National Center for Education Statistics reports that about 85 percent of fifth-grade students are reading at or above basic level. That means that they can understand almost all of what is read to them. The remaining 15 percent are reading at a first-grade level or below. They are unable to comprehend simple sentences or stories. Students who are not reading at grade level tend to need more time to learn how to read successfully. Children's cognitive development in the fifth grade is based on experience and education. They should be able to identify letters, recognize familiar words, count from 0 to 9, tell time accurately to within 30 minutes, and write their names.