The term 'railroaded' refers to the orientation of the fabric's pattern as it is woven on the fabric roll.
Regular fabric: The design is orientated to run along the length of the fabric and is the correct way as it comes off the roll.
Railroaded fabric: The design is orientated to run along the width of the fabric (selvedge to selvedge) so that you must turn the roll 90 degrees to show the design running the correct way. The width of the fabric is then used for the curtain drop.
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Some stripe designs and wide width curtain fabrics are often railroaded avoiding the need for seams. A standard wide width / drop should accommodate most window heights.
For more information, please contact a professional interior designer or curtain maker.