Pain is personal. Until there are options that work for everyone, more research is needed, especially into non-opioid medications and non-pharmaceutical treatments. But new pain treatments have lagged, leaving many people with no effective treatment options. As Peter Pitts, president and co-founder of the Center for Medicine in the Public Interest, noted during the 2019 HealthyWomen Chronic Pain Summit, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration had approved 13 new pain treatments in the prior five years; all were variants of existing drugs, including 11 opioid variants. Research into therapies that treat the whole patient, rather than one pain condition at a time, is long overdue. Research must include women who have historically been underrepresented in drug trials.