Several hypotheses are being investigated to explain the exact origins of IBS, although none have yet been able to explain the phenomenon as a whole. Here are some of the main theories:
Abnormal contractions or spasms of the colon and intestines: This theory does not explain all situations, and it is difficult to determine whether the contractions are a cause or a consequence of the syndrome.
A gastrointestinal infection: No study has yet been able to demonstrate the extent to which such an infection could trigger this disorder. What’s more, most people with this condition have no history of such ailments.
Food intolerances, allergies or sensitivities: These are difficult to prove. To validate this hypothesis, certain food groups must be eliminated one by one to order to evaluate their impact on the symptoms. This process can only be done under the supervision of a doctor or nutritionist to avoid significant nutritional deficiencies and health risks.
High sensitivity to intestinal pain: Called visceral hyperalgesia, this condition causes hypersensitivity to movement and gas in the intestines, even at normal frequency and intensity. In these situations, medications that decrease the perception of pain can be an effective treatment.[2]