Ampoules are small sealed vials that are almost always made from glass, and this should tell you something about how delicate they are. That's why the way ampoules are stored is of particular concern for companies, because a wrong step might result in the ampoules breaking during transportation and handling.
To answer the question directly: ampoules are usually stored in dedicated packaging that is fit for purpose and fastens the ampoules in place. The packaging can be made from a variety of materials and comes in a variety of different shapes and sizes.