Bridges are not designed depending on earthquake magnitudes. Instead of absorbing the ground tremors, localize the damage to specific regions of the structure, so that when the big one strikes, it will not only still be standing, but will also help people in need. The San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge is being retrofitted with seismic upgrades to make it more quake resistant. The project will cost about $600 million and is expected to be completed by 2020. The first step will be to replace the bridge's aging concrete piers with steel piers, which will be anchored into deep basements built below sea level. The replacement piers will be made out of stacked horizontal rings connected by vertical members. Each new pier will be 30 feet wide and sit about 328 feet below street level. The second phase will include the addition of rubber dampeners between each pair of columns, to absorb energy during an earthquake. People living in the surrounding areas can feel the effects of major earthquakes up to 20 miles away. The ground under bridges can move by as much as 8 inches during a strong earthquake, and since most bridges were not designed to withstand such forces, they may suffer damage that needs to be repaired or replaced. Bridges are known for their size and vision, but they are also susceptible to damage from large earthquakes.