The introduction of a 2D perovskite layer in the impurity-healing interface engineering strategy raises several long-term stability and reliability concerns. One primary concern is the moisture sensitivity of 2D perovskites, which can lead to degradation over time when exposed to humid environments. To address this, the use of moisture-resistant encapsulation materials or coatings can be implemented to protect the perovskite layer from environmental factors.
Another concern is the thermal stability of the 2D perovskite layer, as high temperatures can induce phase transitions or decomposition. This can be mitigated by selecting 2D perovskite compositions with higher thermal stability or by incorporating thermal management strategies within the module design.
Additionally, the long-term mechanical stability of the interface between the 2D and 3D perovskite layers must be considered, as mechanical stress during operation could lead to delamination or cracking. Employing flexible substrates or optimizing the mechanical properties of the materials used can help enhance the durability of the interface.
Finally, regular monitoring and testing under real-world conditions can provide insights into the degradation mechanisms at play, allowing for the development of more robust materials and designs that can withstand the rigors of long-term operation.