A reference list is used with Chicago author-date citations.
A bibliography is used with Chicago footnote citations.
Both present the exact same information; the only difference is the placement of the year in source citations:
In a reference list entry, the publication year appears directly after the author’s name.
In a bibliography entry, the year appears near the end of the entry (the exact placement depends on the source type).
There are also other types of bibliography that work as stand-alone texts, such as a Chicago annotated bibliography.