No known long-term effects of zoomies have been identified. They are usually harmless bursts of energy caused by overexcitement or pent-up energy in puppies. As dogs age, they typically outgrow this behavior, and proper exercise and mental stimulation can help prevent them altogether.
However, if your dog is displaying aggressive behavior during a zoomie episode, it’s best to redirect their energy with toys or use a short lead for safety purposes.