What causes separation anxiety can be attributed to various factors. In the case of infants and young children, separation anxiety is considered a normal part of their development. It arises as they become more aware of their surroundings and form attachments to their primary caregivers. The fear of separation is rooted in their reliance on their caregivers for safety, comfort, and basic needs. It is a natural response to their growing cognitive and emotional awareness. However, when separation anxiety persists beyond the expected developmental stage and becomes excessive, it may indicate the presence of separation anxiety disorder.