Denim for jeans is typically made from 100% cotton or a blend of cotton and elastin/spandex. The cotton fibers are woven together in an over-under pattern called a warp. After weaving, the material is then dyed with indigo to create the variety of washes available today.
The final touch is adding unique details, like contrast stitching, distressed patches, fading, or statement buttons. Today, denim is also available in non-indigo hues, like white, black, and bold gem tones.