Proper attic ventilation is crucial for preventing roof damage and maintaining energy efficiency. Soffit vents allow fresh air into the attic, while ridge vents or other exhaust vents enable hot air to escape. The recommended ratio is about 1 square foot of ventilation (half intake and half exhaust) for every 300 square feet of attic floor area. Adequate ventilation helps remove excess heat and moisture, reducing the risk of condensation and promoting a healthier attic environment.