For the conversion of an analog signal into a digital signal, there are two steps that needs to be followed. The first step is a sampling. In this step, continuous electrical signals with varying time are considered. Both the axis that x-axis and y-axis are considered. Sampling is usually done along the x-axis and is classified into two categories, and they are sampling and downsampling. The second step is known as quantization. Quantization is done along the y-axis and it processes the image in which the continuous signals are divided into overlapping and non-overlapping signals.