The freeze-thaw method involves subjecting materials to cycles of freezing and thawing to test their durability and stability under such conditions. This method is commonly used in material science, pharmaceuticals, and food industry to simulate natural conditions that products might encounter during transportation, storage, or usage. The objective is to identify potential weaknesses and ensure that products maintain their integrity, effectiveness, and safety when exposed to varying temperatures. This process is critical for assessing the long-term usability of a product in real-world scenarios.