Spain’s Digital Nomad Visa typically allows for a stay of one year, which can be extended for up to five years. After the initial year, digital nomads can apply for a residence permit renewed every two years. Portugal’s D8 Visa initially grants a four-month stay to apply for a residency permit, which, once obtained, is valid for one year. After the first year, the residency permit can be renewed every two years, and after five years, it can lead to permanent residency or citizenship.