The four functions of the thyroid gland are:
1. The thyroid gland maintains the basal metabolic rate of the body. It does so by increasing the formation and breakdown of ATP and, in the process, also releases energy in the form of heat.
2. The thyroid gland helps in the body’s physical, mental, and reproductive growth. Its deficiency leads to stunted growth and low intelligence in children.
3. The thyroid hormone maintains water and electrolyte balance in the body.
4. It maintains erythropoiesis or RBC production in the body.