The distance between the plates
The more distant the plates are, the less the free electrons on the far plate feel the push of the electrons that are being added to the negative plate. This makes it harder to add more negative charges to the negative plate. The current will flow through a short circuit if the plates are closer. This implies that the capacitance of a parallel plate is inversely related to the plate separation.
Area of the plates
It’s easier to add charges to a capacitor if the parallel plates have a huge area. Two wide metal plates would give two repelling-like charges a greater range to spread out across the plate, making it easier to add a lot more negative charges to one plate. Likewise, a very small plate area would cause the electrons to get cramped together earlier, making it harder to get a large difference in charge for a given voltage.