Scoliosis can affect height in some cases, especially if the curve is large or severe, or if it affects the thoracic spine. The abnormal curvature and rotation of the spine can reduce the vertical height of the spine, and cause the person to appear shorter than they actually are. The loss of height can also affect the alignment and function of the organs, such as the lungs and heart, and cause breathing difficulties or cardiovascular problems. The loss of height can also affect the appearance and self-esteem of the person who has it.