Patients who qualify for a lung transplant have an end-stage lung disease that has not responded to conservative treatment options. Commonly treated conditions include: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), Cystic fibrosis (CF), Pulmonary fibrosis, Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), Sarcoidosis, Other rare lung diseases. Prompt evaluation for a transplant is particularly important for patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), PAH, and CF with recent deterioration. Disease progression in these illnesses is often unpredictable and early consultation with the lung transplant team can help ensure the best possible outcome. Ideal candidates must meet the following criteria: Advanced lung disease with limited 2-year survival, Oxygen-dependent, Oxygen-dependent, Age is generally 70 years or younger, Ambulatory and/or potential for rehabilitation, Abstinence from tobacco use, Adequate psychosocial support, No significant associated comorbidities. Under certain conditions, patients will be automatically disqualified from lung transplants. Absolute contraindications to lung transplant include: Active or recent history of malignancy, Acute medical instability, Significant dysfunction of another major organ system that is not treatable, Non-adherence to medical therapy or follow up, Substance abuse or dependence, Active infection (HIV and Hep C disease with viremia), BMI less than 12 or greater than 40, Absence of adequate social support, Severely limited functional status with poor rehabilitation potential, Poor psychosocial support, Coexisting coronary artery disease (CAD), chronic kidney disease (CKD), or cirrhosis. Other conditions may also disqualify patients, depending on a doctor’s assessment. Relative contraindications for lung transplant include: BMI less than 15 or greater than 35, Poorly-controlled psychiatric conditions, Severe malnutrition, Prior thoracic surgery, Severe symptomatic osteoporosis.