If it is not possible to restore the flow of sperm to the ejaculate, Dr. Turek can retrieve sperm from the testicles or other reproductive organs to use for assisted reproduction (i.e., in vitro fertilization). For testicular sperm, he uses a breakthrough procedure called sperm mapping, which is less invasive, less painful and less stressful than a traditional biopsy or any other technique. Sperm mapping identifies the exact location of the sperm in the testicles to make it easier to retrieve.