Ans. Ocean currents are primarily caused by a combination of factors such as wind, temperature, and salinity. Surface currents are mainly driven by winds, which push the water in a particular direction. The Coriolis effect, resulting from the Earth's rotation, influences the direction of these currents. Deep ocean currents, on the other hand, are driven by differences in temperature and salinity. Cold and dense water sinks, creating a flow towards warmer regions.