When an applicant has a health condition which is a public health concerns to the United States, he/she may not get immigration benefit on Medical Grounds of Inadmissibility. The medical grounds of inadmissibility under U.S.immigration laws are divided into four categories: (a) Communicable diseases of public health significance; (b) Lack of required vaccinations; (c) Physical or mental disorders with harmful behavior; and (d) Drug abuse or addiction. The Civil surgeon is required to perform a general physical examination and specific evaluations, as described below. Communicable Diseases of Public Health Significance. The Civil surgeon is required to perform specific tests for TB, syphilis.The medical exam also indicates an evaluation for other sexually transmitted diseases and Hansen's Disease (leprosy).