Hemoglobin Electrophoresis is a laboratory test that separates different types of hemoglobin in the blood. It helps to diagnose and monitor conditions such as sickle cell anemia and thalassemias. The test is performed by applying an electric field to a blood sample, which causes different types of hemoglobin to move at different speeds and separate into distinct bands. The resulting pattern is then analyzed and interpreted by a trained healthcare professional.