As with all surgeries, open heart surgery involves risks and possible complications. Complications may become serious and life threatening in some cases. Complications can develop during surgery or recovery. General risks of surgery The general risks of surgery include: Anesthesia reaction, such as an allergic reaction and problems with breathing Bleeding or heavy bleeding (hemorrhage), which can lead to shock Blood clot, in particular a deep vein thrombosis that develops in the leg or pelvis. The clot can travel to your lungs causing a pulmonary embolism. Infection Potential complications of open heart surgery Complications of open heart surgery include: Death Heart attack Heart arrhythmias or problems with heart rhythm Kidney failure Memory problems Post-pericardiotomy syndrome, which is a low-grade fever and chest pain for up to six months following open heart surgery. A pericardiotomy is a surgical incision of the sac that surrounds the heart. Stroke Reducing your risk of complications You can reduce the risk of certain complications by following your treatment plan and: Following activity, dietary and lifestyle restrictions and recommendations before surgery and during recovery Informing your doctor or radiologist if you are nursing or if there is any possibility of pregnancy Notifying your doctor immediately of any concerns, such as bleeding, fever, increase in pain, or wound redness, swelling or drainage Taking your medications exactly as directed Telling all members of your care team if you have any allergies