Betaine is a nitrogenous chemical that may be found in a variety of plant and animal species. Betaine ingestion may aid in the treatment of some liver illnesses, such as fatty liver ("fatty liver"). It would also lower homocysteine levels in the blood, an amino acid that, when too high, is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Betaine ingestion may also increase athletic performance, particularly in terms of endurance during exertion. Spinach is reported to be one of the foods with the highest betaine content.