Tuberculosis (TB) is a severe respiratory condition primarily affecting the lungs, caused by a particular strain of bacteria. The transmission of TB occurs when an individual with the illness coughs, sneezes, or even sings, releasing minuscule droplets carrying the bacteria into the air. Subsequently, another person can inhale these droplets, allowing the bacteria to enter their lungs. The contagion of TB is more prevalent in densely populated areas or situations where people congregate in crowds. Individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS, face a heightened risk of contracting TB compared to those with typical immune functions. TB is primarily transmitted through airborne means, particularly when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Additionally, it can reactivate in someone previously exposed but without an active infection. While close contact with symptomatic individuals can result in the spread of active TB, some individuals carry TB in their system without manifesting symptoms (latent TB), which isn't contagious but can potentially progress to active TB in the future.