Alternative methods of population control for pets include vasectomies and ovary-sparing spays (OSS). Vasectomies leave the testes intact, preserving hormone production while preventing reproduction. OSS removes the uterus but leaves the ovaries, maintaining hormonal balance and reducing the risk of certain health issues. These methods can prevent unwanted litters while retaining some hormonal benefits. However, they do not address all behavioral issues associated with intact pets. It's important to discuss these options with a veterinarian to determine the best approach based on the pet's health, behavior, and owner's goals.