Java and mainframe are two entirely different technological entities, so it is not possible to compare them. While Java is a popular object-oriented programming language, the mainframe is a high-performance server designed to process billions of instructions in seconds. In fact, it is possible to work with Java on the mainframe. Mainframes have a foundational connection with z/OS, which is an operating system developed by IBM specifically meant to run on 64-bit mainframe systems. Java is one of the most common languages executed on z/OS, along with C, C++, COBOL, etc. It facilitates the development of cost-optimized, updated, and acute applications for digital businesses.