The Teesta River is the fourth largest river in Bangladesh, following the Brahmaputra, Padma, and Meghna. It is the main source of water for surface irrigation in six districts: Nilphamari, Rangpur, Dinajpur, Bogra, Gaibandha, and Joypurhat. Additionally, the river plays a vital role in the region's economy and ecology, supporting a variety of plants and animals, including several rare species.