While both ISO 14001 and the EU Eco-Management and Audit Scheme (EMAS) provide EMS frameworks, there are some key differences: EMAS is only applicable for organizations operating in the European Union, while ISO 14001 has global application. EMAS has more prescriptive requirements, including publishing an environmental statement. EMAS requires third-party validation of the EMS, while ISO 14001 can be self-declared. EMAS emphasizes performance improvement, while ISO 14001 focuses on the EMS itself. However, both frameworks are complementary and internationally recognized for improving environmental outcomes.