Quantum computing is based on superposition, entanglement, interference, and coherence principles. Superposition refers to the ability of qubits to exist in multiple states simultaneously. Entanglement is the correlation between entangled qubits, enabling changes in one qubit to affect others instantaneously. Interference allows the manipulation of quantum states to amplify desired outcomes and cancel out unwanted ones. Coherence refers to the ability of qubits to maintain their quantum states over time.