Caffeine is usually administered to preterm babies in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The respiratory system of preterms is not well-developed, increasing the risk of [simple_tooltip text=apnea of prematurity tooltip=An abrupt pause in breathing lasting at least 20 seconds. ] where the baby has prolonged pauses in breathing. The doctor may administer caffeine since it is one of the methylxanthines, a type of stimulant compound. Caffeine stimulates the central nervous system and improves respiratory function, making it easier for the baby to breathe (11). It is given orally or intravenously in the form of caffeine citrate (12).