A bottleneck in computing occurs when one component of a computer system operates at its maximum capacity, preventing other components from performing at their full potential. In simpler terms, the bottleneck is the component that is slowing down the entire system. This can happen due to an underpowered CPU, GPU, RAM, or storage. When the bottleneck component can't keep up, overall system performance suffers, causing issues like slow application responses, low frame rates in games, or long loading times.For example, if a powerful GPU is paired with an outdated CPU, the CPU will struggle to process data as fast as the GPU can generate it, leading to poor performance despite having high-end hardware.