Located in the southwestern United States, New Mexico is the fifth-largest state in the country by land area. New Mexico is also home to the oldest state capital, Santa Fe, which was founded in 1610 as the seat of Nuevo México in New Spain. New Mexico is known as the “Land of Enchantment” and has a rich cultural history as well as a stunning and diverse landscape that ranges from densely forested mountain peaks to grasslands to expansive deserts. Albuquerque is the largest city in New Mexico by population; the U.S. Census Bureau estimates that the population of Albuquerque was 562,599 in July 2021. That accounts for approximately 1/4 of the population of the entire state of New Mexico, which was just over 2.1 million that same month and year. New Mexico has a diverse economy based on oil and mineral extraction, agriculture, lumber, cattle, tourism, and art. It is also a center for scientific and technological research and has a significant military presence that includes Sandia National Laboratories and Los Alamos National Laboratories as well as the White Sands Missile Range. New Mexico is the second-largest producer of crude oil in the U.S. Some of the top attractions in New Mexico include the Carlsbad Caverns National Park, White Sands National Monument, Albuquerque International Balloon Fiesta, Bandelier National Monument, Gila Cliff Dwellings National Monument, and Taos Pueblo, among many others.