The exact statute of limitions, or time period during which a creditor can look to enforce a debt, such as bounced check charge, will depend on the exact context (who is the creditor; was there a verbal or oral agreement; the facts or situation; etc.) It would most likely be based in contracts or promissory notes, which both have a 6 year statatute of limitations. If that is the case, then the debt collector or creditor can wait up to 6 years to bring an action to collect on the check or any charges, like bad check charges, arising out of it. It's also possible, that if that if the action was seen an intentional or deliberate, that criminal liability could come into play, though that requires criminal intent or a criminal state  of mind.