When the Moon covers the Sun, it results in a solar eclipse. This celestial event happens when the Moon aligns directly between the Earth and the Sun, casting its shadow on Earth. Solar eclipses are relatively rare and come in different forms, including total, partial, and annular, depending on the alignment and distance between the three bodies. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes directly between the Earth and the Sun, blocking the Sun's light. This alignment typically happens during a New Moon phase when the Moon and the Sun are on the same side of Earth.