Medical malpractice claims are usually a civil matter, but not always. If the doctor’s actions were especially egregious, the state might choose to pursue criminal charges. Examples of when this may happen include: Fraud: We expect doctors to care for their patients, not serve their own interests. When a doctor prescribes medication, performs unnecessary procedures, or recommends alternative treatment in the hopes of making a profit, they may be guilty of fraud. Further, if your care provider made a mistake and attempted to cover it up to avoid a medical malpractice claim, the court may pursue fraud charges. In some cases, your statute of limitations may reset. Gross negligence: When a medical professional makes a mistake, it is generally not out of malice or disregard for the patient. But in some cases, it might be. Examples of gross negligence include providing medical care while under the influence of drugs or alcohol and failing to provide medical care when obviously necessary. If the patient dies due to the provider’s gross negligence, they could face criminal manslaughter charges. Intentional injury: Intentional injury cases are rare, but they can happen. There are many well-known cases of nurses acting as “angels of mercy,” killing innocent victims. In these matters, the nurses would most certainly face criminal charges. Practicing without a license: Practicing medicine without a license is a crime. If a provider misrepresents themselves as a licensed professional, you may have a case for financial damages, and the person may face charges for practicing without a license and fraud.