If you’re interested in filing a claim with the EEOC, you must do so in a timely manner. Employees who were constructively dismissed from a business that wasn’t controlled by the government (also called private sector employees) must file a claim with the EEOC within 180 days of their resignation. Meanwhile, federal employees must file a claim with the EEOC within 45 days of their resignation. Generally, the most successful claims and lawsuits are those filed immediately upon resignation.