A Urinanalysis is a fairly easy test that is done by visual inspection, strip testing, and microscopy of urine samples. The physical (visual) component involves the inspection of color, odor, turbidity, specific gravity, and volume of urine. The chemical component uses a dipstick to check pH, proteins, ketones, glucose, blood cells, bilirubin, leukocyte esterase, and nitrates. The microscopic component detects casts, bacteria, yeasts, epithelial cells, crystals, and blood cells in urine.