Most vision insurance plans cover routine eye exams, including a refraction, which is the test done by your eye doctor to provide your eyeglass or contact lens prescription. Most medical insurance plans cover medical eye exams relating to any eye health issues. This may include annual diabetic eye exams or treatments for eye diseases such as glaucoma, cataracts or macular degeneration. A refraction — the test done by your eye doctor to determine if corrective lenses will help you see better — is usually considered a non-covered benefit under medical insurance. Patients will pay separately for a refraction, when needed.