Most kitchen sinks vary from 8 to 10 inches in depth. While a 10-inch deep bowl makes it easier to soak pots and pans, deeper sinks can be uncomfortable for shorter people to use.
The most significant factor that will affect the depth is the cabinetry where the sink is going to be placed. Also, you need to consider other items attached to the sink like disposers and plumbing. What you'd want to avoid is having a sink that is too deep that there's no room for essential peripherals.