Martin Luther King's activism primarily aimed at achieving racial equality and social justice for African Americans. He sought to dismantle systemic racism and segregation through nonviolent protest and civil disobedience. King's vision was rooted in the belief that all individuals, regardless of race, should have equal rights and opportunities. He advocated for desegregation in schools, public facilities, and voting rights, emphasizing the importance of peaceful methods to bring about change. His leadership during events like the Montgomery Bus Boycott and the March on Washington highlighted his commitment to these goals, inspiring countless individuals to join the civil rights movement.