Linguistically, magnification is to make something bigger. Terminologically, it is to give the sound an extra strength or stress to resonate  and have an echo within the oral cavity. Tarqeeq means to make something thinner. In terminology, it is a state of thinning given to a sound when producing it, so that there is no echo felt in the oral cavity.     The rules and characteristics of producing each sound. There are seventeen points of articulation where the Arabic sounds are produced, stemming from five original main points of articulation. They are: uvula, the larynx, the pharynx, the throat, the tongue, the lips, ( the oral cavity ) and the nasal cavity. The characteristics of the sounds clarify the closely produced sounds at the same point of articulation. There are nineteen known characteristics. They are hissing, loudness, looseness, stress, in between, Istifalah, Istilaa, Infitah, intibaq, al-Zalaq, Ismat, voicing, Qalqalah, prolongation, madd, looseness, Istitalah, deviation, Tafashi and  repetition. The rules of waqf, stoppage, and Ibtida’, beginning, are divided into two sections. They are as follows: Stoppage, linguistically means to abstain from or halt. In terminology, it means to halt one’s voice while reading and reciting for a short while to take one’s breath, then resume the recitation. Stoppage is permissible, unless there is something that prevents it. It occurs in the middle of the Ayat or at its beginning. It doesn’t occur in the middle of a word or what is sequenly written. There are fhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allahour kinds of waqf, stoppage. They are: The obligatory stoppage, such as through sneezing or coughing or breathing problems. It is permissible. The optional stoppage occurs while teaching the Holy Quran; to show the rules or to answer some question. The awaiting stoppage, when the reader of the Holy Quran to show various narrations of reciting the Quran. The optional stoppage: It is when the reader intentionally stops at a Quranic word. It can be either perfect, sufficient, beautiful or bad. Ibtida’ is to start doing something; to start reciting the Holy Quran. It is of two types, permissible. It is to start by using independent meaningful words that please Allah. The other deniable istiftah is to start the recitation with ugly words  that spoil or change the meaning to be unlike that Allah has intended the meaning to be.