Enlarged prostate or benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) is not life-threatening. BPH is not cancer and it cannot cause cancer. However, benign prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer can occur at the same time. And, that is why it is very crucial to have yourself checked if you experience any signs and symptoms of benign prostate hyperplasia to be able to identify if it is indeed BPH or prostate cancer. Also, the effects brought about by the compression of the urethra and bladder neck can cause further complications on the urinary system if not treated.