Ans. The characteristic features of Indian communalism as summarized in the post-war national scenario include:
- The emergence of religious identities as primary markers of political allegiance.
- The rise of communal organizations and leaders who mobilized communities based on religious affiliations.
- The increasing polarization and conflicts between different religious communities.
- The demand for separate nations based on religious lines, particularly by the Muslim League.
- The deepening of communal tensions and violence, leading to the partition of India in 1947.