Yes, you can reuse the soil from a dead plant. However, because soil can harbor anything from fungal spores to insects and bacteria, all of which can prove deadly for your new plant, you should sanitize it before you use it again.
To start, you have to remove the dead plant, including its roots, from the soil. Next, use a disposable roasting pan and fill it with the old potting soil. Add water so that the soil gets moist, and not muddy or soggy. Cover the pan with aluminum foil and poke a hole in its center. Place an oven meat thermometer in the hole.
Preheat the oven to 200 Fahrenheit degrees and place the pan in the oven. Bake the soil at140 Fahrenheit degrees for 30 minutes. Finally, wait until the soil cools down before you use it again. You can mix it with fertilizers.
If your previous plant died from a disease, it is advisable that you throw the soil away and that you don’t try to sterilize it. In most cases, viral organisms can actually survive the sterilization process.