In a one on one fight, an Alaskan Malamute could kill a wolf. However, it’s unlikely the Malamute would walk away unscathed. Similarly, a wolf would be quite capable of killing a Malamute.
The major advantage a wolf has is the pack. While a single wolf may be defeated by a Malamute, a pack would win every time. Wolves are very rarely without their pack, even if you can’t see them nearby. If a Malamute attacked a single wolf, the pack would likely descend quickly.
The motivation behind the attack would also play a part. If the wolf is hunting for food, then an Alaskan Malamute will fight to protect its family or pack. In this case, the Malamute would have the edge. However, if the wolf felt it had to protect its pack against a Malamute, it would be fighting to the death. Especially if there are young involved. The wolf would have an advantage here. And of course, if a Malamute attacked to defend its pack, the wolf pack would react the same way.
Another advantage of the wolf is experience. An Alaskan Malamute has been domesticated, and its first instinct will be to raise the alarm when danger is nearby, rather than attack. If the Malamute is drawn into a fight with a wolf, then it might be the first real fight it’s ever had. The Malamute would have to rely on instinct, where the wolf can draw from experience.
However, a wolf doesn’t often kill with a quick blow. A wolf hunts in a pack, and picks off the weak and vulnerable. Often, the prey animal will die from shock or sustained injuries. This may give the Malamute an advantage in a one on one fight.
An Alaskan Malamute could potentially kill a wolf. However, the wolf has many advantages. Primarily, a wolf would generally be part of a pack, and an Alaskan Malamute would struggle to defend itself against a wolf pack.