Sharding is a process where data is allocated across multiple machines or servers. MongoDB uses sharding to conduct its heavy deployment related to huge data sets. Moreover, sharding also allows combining various devices to execute data extension at once. It follows with reading and writing operations also. Replication, on the other hand, is data duplication across multiple servers. Sharding solves the issues related to horizontal breaking in datasets. There are many factors to distinguish between the two in terms of latency, network, and throughput.