Vaginal atrophy (atrophic vaginitis) is thinning, drying and inflammation of the vaginal walls and adjacent tissues which occurs most often after menopause. It is due in part to loss of estrogen effects. For many women, vaginal atrophy makes intercourse painful and may also leads to distressing urinary symptoms. Doctors use the term “genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM)” to describe vaginal atrophy and its accompanying symptoms. Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) signs and symptoms may include: Vaginal dryness Vaginal burning Vaginal discharge Genital itching Burning with urination Frequency/Urgency with urination Recurrent urinary tract infections Urinary incontinence Light bleeding after intercourse Discomfort with intercourse Decreased vaginal lubrication during sexual activity Shortening and tightening of the vaginal canal Vaginal atrophy can also occur as a result of pelvic radiation or chemotherapy effects, or as a side effect of other breast cancer hormonal treatment (such as Tamoxifen).