When designing an airport or seaport, the site selection is critical because it determines accessibility, proximity to transportation networks, and the potential for expansion. The design should also consider the expected traffic volume and provide sufficient capacity to accommodate projected growth, as well as take into account the safety of passengers, crew, and cargo. Safety concerns include runway and taxiway design, air traffic control systems, and airport or seaport security systems.
In addition, sustainability considerations are important to minimize the impact of the port on the environment and surrounding communities, and the airport or seaport should be accessible to all users, including people with disabilities and those with limited mobility. Finally, the design can go a long way toward ensuring efficient operations of the airport or seaport, from traffic flow to cargo handling. For the infrastructure owners and local authorities, it’s also important that the design be cost-effective, including construction, operation, and maintenance costs, to ensure that the airport or seaport remains financially viable.