For some people, the answer is yes. A more complete answer is that it depends on what types of debt someone is struggling with, such as:
Unsecured debt: Credit card debts, revolving loans, personal loans, and medical bills fall in this category. Many Chapter 7 bankruptcy filers manage to get all such debts wiped out.
Secured debt: Chapter 7 bankruptcy can wipe out a home mortgage or a car loan, but lenders may then claim the house or car. Alternatively, the bankruptcy filer can reaffirm these debts immediately after the bankruptcy, resume payments, and keep the house and/or car.
Undischargeable debts: Unpaid child support, most taxes, and student loans are examples of debts that cannot be discharged in bankruptcy at all.
Getting some or all debts wiped out requires the careful following of the rules of bankruptcy. If something is out of line, the bankruptcy trustee may declare that the bankruptcy cannot go through and will be dismissed. Skillful legal counsel can normally prevent this outcome.