Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common form of PKD. ADPKD often affects several generations within a family because parents who have the disease have a 50 percent chance of passing it on to their children. However, about 10% of people who are diagnosed with PKD don't have a family history of the disease.
Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is a rare form of PKD that affects approximately 1 in 20,000 children. Complications related to ARPKD can cause death in the first month of life. One-third of children who survive the newborn period will need dialysis or a kidney transplant by age 10.