It doesn't matter what kind of bathroom fixtures you plan to install in the bathroom - surface-mounted, pendant, or recessed - the first thing you should pay attention to is the degree of protection against dust and moisture. Devices with IP65 and higher are installed in the "wettest" area. Such products are completely dust proof, and the ingress of water jets on them does not affect their performance. Devices with IP44 may be placed at a distance of about 20 inches from sinks, showers, and bathtubs. For luminaires installed in the remaining areas, the IP24 degree of protection is sufficient.
In a small bathroom, the division into zones is too arbitrary. It is better not to take risks and choose models with high protection for all areas.
For improved safety in damp rooms, it is recommended to use low-voltage lighting fixtures. Such devices are designed for a supply voltage of 12 - 24 volts, which means that the risk of severe electrical injury is minimal.