To the ordinary person looking to buy a property, there's usually no actual difference between the words "mortgage" and "home loan". They are used interchangeably to mean the money you borrow to buy a property.
However, if you want to get very technical, a home loan refers to the money you borrow. The mortgage is a legal document that ties you and your property to the lender. In the event you cannot repay the home loan, the mortgage acts as the lender's security and gives it the right to sell your home to recover your debt.