There are as many specializations within digital marketing as there are ways of interacting using digital media. Here are a few key examples.
Search engine optimization
Search engine optimization, or SEO, is technically a marketing tool rather than a form of marketing in itself. The Balance defines it as “the art and science of making web pages attractive to search engines.”
The "art and science" part of SEO is what’s most important. SEO is a science because it requires you to research and weigh different contributing factors to achieve the highest possible ranking. Today, the most important elements to consider when optimizing a web page include:
Quality of content
Level of user engagement
Mobile-friendliness
Number and quality of inbound links
The strategic use of these factors makes SEO a science, but the unpredictability involved makes it an art.