Frankenstein can be seen as a commentary on the Industrial Revolution and scientific advancements of its time. Mary Shelley wrote the novel during a period of significant technological and scientific progress, and the story reflects her concerns about the potential dangers and ethical implications of unchecked scientific ambition. Here are some ways in which Frankenstein comments on the Industrial Revolution and scientific advancements:
Ambition and Hubris: Victor Frankenstein's relentless pursuit of scientific knowledge and his ambition to create life reflect the enthusiasm for progress and discovery that characterized the Industrial Revolution. However, his unchecked ambition and hubris lead to disastrous consequences, cautioning against the dangers of unbridled scientific experimentation.
Ethical Responsibilities of Scientists: The novel emphasizes the ethical responsibilities of scientists and inventors. Victor's actions and their consequences serve as a warning against pursuing scientific advancements without considering the potential impact on individuals and society.
Alienation from Nature: The Industrial Revolution brought about rapid urbanization and a disconnection from nature for many people. Frankenstein's portrayal of the Creature as a being created through unnatural means can be seen as a commentary on the alienation from the natural world resulting from scientific pursuits and industrialization.
Fear of the Unknown: The Industrial Revolution brought about radical changes, leading to uncertainties and fears about the future. The Creature's terrifying appearance and the fear it evokes from others highlight the anxieties surrounding scientific advancements and the unknown consequences they might bring.
Critique of Blind Faith in Progress: The Industrial Revolution fostered a belief in the unlimited potential of science and technology to improve human life. Frankenstein serves as a critique of blind faith in progress, reminding readers of the importance of considering the moral and ethical implications of scientific discoveries.
Loss of Humanity: The novel explores the loss of humanity and the potential dehumanizing effects of scientific advancements. Victor's obsession with his experiment and the emotional detachment he exhibits contribute to his moral degradation and loss of empathy.
Romantic and Gothic Elements: Frankenstein blends elements of Romanticism and the Gothic tradition, expressing both the awe and terror that scientific advancements can evoke. The juxtaposition of beauty and horror in the novel reflects the contrasting emotions surrounding the technological and scientific developments of the time.