Bandwidth is defined by the interval between the upper and lower 3dB frequencies, i.e., where the signal falls to -3dB below the passband frequency. This is a fairly straightforward measurement for a typical sinusoidal analog signal. However, it is harder to determine bandwidth for a pulsed, digital signal, where the frequency harmonics of the pulse and their power spectral density must be maintained for signal integrity. A general method for computing bandwidth is
Bandwidth = .35 / R t (where R t , rise time, is the rise of the signal from 10% to 90% amplitude level) In telecommunications, there are a number of standard digital signals. Common digital signals are:   Data Rate Transmission Media Coding Bandwidth DS-0 64kbps Typically twisted pair PCM (Pulse Code Modulation) 4 kHz DS-1/T1 1.544 Mbps Typically twisted pair B8ZS (Bipolar 8 Zeros Substitution) 2.316MHz DS-3 44.763 Mbps Typically coax B3ZS (Bipolar 3 Zeros Substitution) 67.145MHz OC-1 51.84 Mbps Fiber (Note: BxZS is a derivative of Bipolar Return to Zero Signaling)   OC-3 155.52 Mbps Fiber The bandwidth of these signals is a function of the transitions used to represent one bit of data. For example, T1 signals use three transitions to represent two bits of data. Therefore, the bandwidth (in frequency) required to pass this signal is [3/(2-bits)]*1.544 Mbps = 2.316 MHz. (Note: A signal's data rate is commonly referred to as its bandwidth in digital communications.)