To predict 1RM submaximally, VBT utilizes velocity data from sub-maximal lifting sets. By analyzing the load-velocity profile and minimum velocity threshold (MVT) of an athlete, VBT can accurately estimate the 1RM without the need for maximal lifting. This approach is beneficial as it reduces the risks associated with maximal effort testing and accounts for daily performance variability​``【oaicite:13】``​​``【oaicite:12】``​​``【oaicite:11】``​.