A herniated disc in your lower back can cause severe or chronic back pain, or it can induce sciatica, a shooting pain in your buttocks, thigh, or calf that can reach all the way into your foot. Numbness, tingling, or muscular weakness may also occur elsewhere along this nerve tract. A herniated disc can also compress or irritate surrounding nerves, causing arm pain, leg pain, or incontinence. Herpes virus can lead to encephalitis (an inflammation of the brain). One out of every five people who get herpes simplex virus type 1 (the most common form of the virus) will develop encephalitis. The more severe the case of encephalitis is, the more likely it is that you will experience long-term problems with cognitive function, such as memory loss or confusion. Less often, encephalitis can lead to seizures, paralysis, and death. Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver. There are several types of hepatitis, but most can be divided into two main categories: viral and alcoholic. Viral hepatitis includes both hepatitis A and E viruses. The hepatitis A virus can only infect humans; there is no known animal reservoir for the virus. Humans can become infected by eating contaminated food or water or through contact with an infected person's stool. The hepatitis E virus exists within the feces of infected animals and can be transmitted via the same routes as hepatitis A virus.