Attackers typically use several techniques to carry out SEO poisoning. These can include:   Keyword stuffing: Overloading pages with popular keywords to manipulate search engine rankings. Cloaking: Serving different content to search engine crawlers than to users, tricking the search engine into indexing a seemingly legitimate page. Backlink manipulation: Creating link farms or purchasing backlinks from compromised websites to boost the ranking of the malicious page. Hijacking legitimate websites: Injecting malicious code into legitimate, high-traffic websites, so when users click on the site, they are redirected to a malicious domain.