There are three basic disciplines of radiology: diagnostic radiology, radiation oncology, and interventional radiology, and you can find careers in all three areas. Diagnostic radiologists use medical imaging to help determine medical conditions. You'll find diagnostic radiologists performing mammograms or taking X-rays and scans of adults or children. A diagnostic radiologist may specialize in a specific area of the body. Radiologists who work in oncology work directly with cancer patients to manage treatment plans. Interventional radiologists use medical imaging to treat medical issues that are so small that your hands couldn't do the work without special tools.