Yes, opioid abuse and addiction can have long terms effects. In addition to the many emotional and social side effects of opioid dependence, ongoing opioid abuse can lead to:   Collapsed veins (IV use) Abscesses Cellulitis Increased risk of infectious diseases (HIV/AIDS and Hepatitis-C) increased likelihood of developing pneumonia Infection of the heart lining Weakened immune system Inability to fight off other health issues  Respiratory complications Brain damage