The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's website provides recommended and/or required vaccinations for each country. For Brazil, it recommends that you should be up-to-date with routine shots such as measles/mumps/rubella (MMR) vaccine, diphtheria/pertussis/tetanus (DPT) vaccine, varicella (chickenpox) vaccine, polio vaccine, and that you get your yearly flu shot. It also recommends that you get vaccinated for Hepatitis A and Typhoid, and Hepatitis B, depending upon your travel plans. Since rabies can be found in bats and other mammals in Brazil, rabies vaccine is recommended if you will be involved in outdoor and other activities in remote areas that put you at risk for animal bites, such as adventure travel and caving. The CDC recommends yellow fever vaccination if you are traveling to the entire states of Acre, Amapá, Amazonas, Distrito Federal (including the capital city of Brasília), Goiás, Maranhão, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Pará, Rondônia, Roraima, and Tocantins, and designated areas of the following states: Bahia, Paraná, Piauí, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, and São Paulo. It recommends yellow fever vaccination for travelers visiting Iguazu Falls. Vaccination is not recommended for travelers who are visiting the cities of Fortaleza, Recife, Rio de Janeiro, Salvador, and São Paulo. You should see a health-care provider at least 4-6 weeks before your trip to allow time for your vaccines to take effect. There is a relatively low risk of malaria for travel to the states of Acre, Amapá, Amazonas, Mato Grosso, Maranhaõ, Pará, Rondônia, Roraima, and Tocantins. It is also present in urban areas, including, cities such as Belem, Boa Vista, Macapa, Manaus, Maraba, Porto Velho, and Santarem. Talk to your doctor about how you can prevent malaria while traveling.