By “Web security” we refer to the strategies, technologies, and practices designed to protect web applications and websites from various threats and attacks that could exploit vulnerabilities. The main attention is focused on:
Application Level protection: following OWASP 2021 recommendations, it’s necessary to protect the modern web apps from various vulnerabilities like SQL injection, Cross-Site Scripting (XSS), and Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF). A Web Application Firewall (WAF) is commonly deployed to inspect HTTP traffic and block malicious payloads targeting these vulnerabilities.
Bot Management: While search engine crawlers are harmless, many bots are designed for scraping content, launching brute-force attacks, or executing distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks. Bot management solutions analyze behavioral patterns, IP reputation, and client-side signals to distinguish between legitimate traffic and malicious bots.
DDos protection: DDoS protection platforms absorb and deflect malicious traffic by leveraging a distributed network of servers. They distinguish malicious traffic from legitimate user traffic using sophisticated rate-limiting, challenge-response methods, and anomaly detection.
Authentication and Access Control: Robust authentication mechanisms, such as multi-factor authentication (MFA), ensure that only authorized users can access web services. Furthermore, proper session management is vital to prevent session hijacking attacks, where an attacker impersonates a legitimate user by stealing their session cookies or tokens.
Encryption: HTTPS, secured by TLS encryption, prevents man-in-the-middle attacks, where attackers could intercept and modify the communication. This ensures users are communicating with the intended website and their data (for example, passwords, credit card numbers) remains secure