Crowding: It is psychological crampedness It manifests following features: (a) Feeling Of discomfort because of too many people or things around us the experience of physical restriction and sometimes the lack of privacy. (b)Crowding IS the person's reaction to the presence of a large number of persons within a particular area or space. Features Of Crowding Crowding has the following features: Crowding gives feeling of discomfort. It gives a feeling that individual privacy is being threatened. It gives feeling that individual's personal space is being invaded, It gives negative view of a space around the person.Crowding develops feelings of loss of control over social interaction. Crowding is studied by various psychologists in India and abroad. Crowding is not always experienced in high density setting nor all people experience its negative effects. For example. Mela has high density but still people enjoy it Effects Of Crowding and Densiw: (a)Crowding and High density may lead to abnormal behaviour and aggression. e.g., an increase in population has sometimes been found to be accompanied by an increase in violent crime. (b)Crowding leads to lowered performance on dimcutt tasks that involve cognitive processes and has adverse effects on memory and the emotional state.(c)Children growing up in very crowded households show lower academic performance They also show a weaker tendency to continue working on a task if they are unsuccessful at it. compared to children growing up in non-crowded households. They experience greater conflicts with parents and get less support from their family members. (d) The nature Of social interaction determines the degree to which an individual will react to crowding. For example. in parties. large number of persons may not cause stress rather it may lead to positive emotional reactions. (e) Individuals differ in the degree to which they show negative effects of crowding and also in the nature of these reactions. Two kinds of tolerance can be mentioned that may explain these individual differences: (t) Crowding Tolerance (ii) Competition Tolerance (i) Crowding Tolerance; It refers to the ability of a person to mentally deal with the high density or crowding environment. e.g.. crowded residence. •It is developed because people can use to manage people around them. •It is modifying ones perception one holds regarding high density/crowded situations. •Indians in general have more crowding tolerance. (ii)Cornpetition Tomnce: It is the ability to put up with a situation in which individuals would have to compete with many others for even basic resources including physical space. Since there is a greater possibility of competition for resources in a crowded setting. the reaction to that setting would be influenced by the extent of tolerance for comtition for resources.(iii)CuIturaI Characteristics: It may determine the extent to which a particular environment is judged to be subjectively more crowded or less crowded.