There are several important differences between guardianship and adoption in California. First, guardianship generally lasts only until the child turns 18, while adoption is permanent. Second, guardianship may be awarded to someone who is not related to the child, while adoption can only be granted to a relative or stepparent. Third, the biological parents' rights must be terminated before a guardian can be appointed, but this is not necessary in an adoption. Finally, Guardianship requires court approval, while Adoption does not.