The Alcohol structure can be determined using its systematic name or its common name. The systematic name of an alcohol provides information about its molecular structure and functional groups. The common name of an alcohol is typically based on its source or a historical name, and may not provide as much information about its molecular structure. To determine the structure of an alcohol using its systematic name, follow these steps: Identify the suffix "-ol" in the name, which indicates that the molecule is an alcohol. Identify the longest carbon chain in the molecule, which forms the backbone of the alcohol. Number the carbon chain so that the hydroxyl group (-OH) has the lowest possible number. Identify any branches or substituents attached to the carbon chain, and use prefixes such as "methyl", "ethyl", "propyl", and so on to indicate their position and number. Write the complete name of the alcohol, including the names of any substituents or branches, in alphabetical order. For example, the systematic name of ethanol is "ethan-1-ol", which indicates that it has a two-carbon chain with a hydroxyl group on the first carbon. The common name of ethanol is simply "alcohol" or "ethyl alcohol". To determine the alcohol structure using its common name, it is necessary to know the molecular formula and the number of carbon atoms in the molecule. For example, "methanol" has one carbon atom, "ethanol" has two carbon atoms, "propanol" has three carbon atoms, and so on. The common names of alcohols can also include prefixes such as "iso-", "neo-", or "sec-" to indicate the position or type of branches or substituents.