Honeybees are attacked by pests, parasites and diseases that cause die-off. Among the common concerns to beekeepers are the small hive beetle, Varroa Destructor mite and Nosema parasite. Other bacterial infections that can affect honeybee populations are European and American foulbrood, tracheal mites and fungal diseases. The methods that beekeepers use to manage honey bee colonies are crucial in helping their bees overcome these stressors such as pests, diseases, pesticide exposure and nutritional deficiencies.