Not until 1937, and the circumstances around it becoming illegal smack of big-industry lobbying.
Alcohol was illegal in the U.S. from 1920 to 1933 during Prohibition, at which time you can bet your bottom dollar people turned to cannabis, which was fully legal and had been used both medicinally and recreationally worldwide for millennia. Once alcohol prohibition was lifted, lo and behold, for the first time in America’s history, a variety of industries (tobacco, alcohol, cotton, petrochemical) came together to lobby hard to outlaw both marijuana and hemp. And in 1937, after four years of extensive lobbying, they succeeded; cannabis in all forms, industrial and otherwise, was made illegal (see our Timeline for more information.)