The main difference between birria and barbacoa lies in the type of meat used in each dish. Birria typically refers to a type of Mexican meat stew made with beef meat, primarily goat or lamb. On the other hand, barbacoa traditionally refers to shredded meat, especially beef. Both are slow-cooked until they become tender and easily shredded.  Although both birria and barbacoa result in delicious shredded meat, birria usually incorporates various spices, giving it a distinct tangy and spicy taste. In contrast, barbacoa tends to have a milder, smoky flavor. Overall, both birria and barbacoa have distinct cooking techniques and flavors set them apart.