It is difficult to estimate how common FAS and other FASDs are, as the symptoms can be similar to those of other conditions. Additionally, some people may not disclose drinking during pregnancy due to stigma. A 2017 analysis looked at data from 24 previous studies from around the world. Based on this, researchers estimated that FASD affects 7.7 out of every 1,000 people worldwide. The rates vary significantly based on location.
In some countries, the rates of FASD were significantly higher than average, affecting 111.1 out of every 1,000 people in South Africa, 53.3 out of every 1,000 people in Croatia, and 47.5 out of every 1,000 people in Ireland.