Yes, Petra has been a city of immense religious significance. It is mentioned a number of times in Old Testament (a part of Bible). For instance, Ain Mousa (Spring of Moses) in proximity is the place where Moses struck a rock with his staff to extract water. Aaron is believed to be buried atop Jabal Haroun (Mount Aaron). Nabateans turned it into a city of temples, tombs, sanctuaries, and altars to their gods.During its last years, Petra had a Byzantine church.