Espresso: Espresso is a brewing method and the name of the produced beverage. Any type of beans and any level of roast can be used to make an espresso.
Ristretto: means limited in Italian. It is made from the same amount of ground coffee as an espresso but with a reduced brew time. The result is a smaller espresso with a concentrated flavor, thick texture and usually strong aftertaste.
Lungo: means long in Italian so it is a long espresso produced by letting the extraction continue for more than 30 secs. It is the exact opposite of Ristretto, because here you’re using more water to pull the shot of espresso.
Americano: A long black (aka “Americano”) is hot water with an espresso shot extracted on top of the hot water.
Cappuccino: A cappuccino is an espresso-based coffee drink traditionally prepared with frothed milk and also flavored with chocolate powder.
Latte: An espresso-based coffee with hot steamed milk, very similar to cappuccino but milkier than a cappuccino.
Macchiato: It is made by adding espresso to steamed milk. The distinguishing mark of a Macchiato is the “macchia” or mark on top that shows that espresso has been added.