Desalination is important for hydrogen production because it removes the salts and other impurities from seawater, making it more suitable for electrolysis. However, desalination requires energy, which can reduce the efficiency of hydrogen production. The newly developed membrane-based seawater electrolyzer overcomes this challenge by using a fluorine-rich porous membrane to separate the seawater and electrolyte solution, eliminating the need for energy-intensive desalination processes.