The thread count of a sheet refers to the number of threads per square inch of fabric. Egyptian cotton sheets typically have a high thread count, often ranging from 400 to 1,000. A higher thread count usually means a softer, smoother, and more durable sheet, but it's important to note that a high thread count doesn't always equate to a high-quality sheet. In some cases, manufacturers may use lower-quality cotton or shorter fibers to achieve a high thread count, which can result in a rough or scratchy feel.