The hierarchy of controls should be employed in construction to reduce risks:
Elimination: At the top of the hierarchy is the elimination of the hazard. This involves removing the hazard or hazardous process entirely from the workplace. By eliminating the hazard, the risk is completely eradicated, ensuring the highest level of protection for workers.
Substitution: If complete elimination is not possible, the next best option is substitution. Substitution involves replacing hazardous materials, equipment, or process with a less hazardous alternative. This can significantly reduce the risk while still achieving the desired outcome.
Engineering Controls: Engineering controls involve modifying the work environment or equipment to isolate workers from the hazard. Examples include installing barriers, ventilation systems, or using automated equipment to reduce worker exposure to the risk.
Administrative Controls: Administrative controls focus on changing work practices and policies to reduce risk. This can include implementing safe work procedures, providing training and education, and ensuring regular breaks to reduce fatigue and increase alertness.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): PPE is the last line of defence in the hierarchy of controls. It involves providing workers with protective equipment, such as helmets, gloves, goggles, or respirators, to minimise their exposure to hazards. While PPE can be effective, it relies on proper usage and may not eliminate the hazard itself.