To verify the successful installation of a feature update, navigate to 'Settings > Update & Security > Windows Update' and click on 'View your update history'. Here, you'll see a list of all updates that have been installed, including feature updates, with successful installations marked as 'Successfully installed on [date]'. If an update failed, it would be listed with an error code, which you can use to troubleshoot the issue with Microsoft's support resources or online forums.