There are many other conditions that can cause back pain. Some of these are congenital, such as scoliosis. Most causes of back pain, however, result from an injury or trauma.
Common causes of back pain include:
Muscle Strain
Bulging or herniated disc
Degenerative disc disease
Spinal stenosis
Sciatica or pinched nerve
Sacroiliac Joint Inflammation
There are also many other conditions which can contribute to back pain. These conditions are almost always treated non-surgically, resulting in a successful outcome the vast majority of the time.