During the clinical efficacy study, Palladia was administered concomitantly with other medications such as antimicrobials, H-2 receptor blockers, antihistamines, anti-emetics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, locally-acting anti-ulcer medications, opiate gastro-intestinal motility modifiers, opioids, vaccines, anthelmintics, antiparasitics, and topical/ophthalmic/otic corticosteroid preparations. During the open-label phase only, 5 dogs received a brief course of short-acting corticosteroids. Specifically the most common concomitant treatments in the blinded and open label phase: Metronidazole, diphenhydramine, famotidine, metoclopramide, fluids, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cephalexin, ampicillin, enrofloxacin, sucralfate, omeprazole, carprofen, cimetidine, dolasetron mesylate, loperamide, ranitidine. A statistically higher number of Palladia treated dogs received metronidazole.