Geotechnical engineering is a specialized branch of civil engineering. It focuses specifically on the behavior of earth materials, such as soil and rock, as they interact with structures and infrastructure. Geotechnical engineering plays a crucial role in the design, construction, and maintenance of civil engineering projects, including buildings, bridges, roads, dams, tunnels, and more.
Civil engineering is a broad field that encompasses various sub-disciplines, and geotechnical engineering is one of them. Other sub-disciplines within civil engineering include structural engineering, transportation engineering, environmental engineering, water resources engineering, and more.