Hearing Loss Causes Earwax, an ear infection, a perforated (ruptured) eardrum, or Meniere's disease can all cause rapid hearing loss in one ear. A rapid loss of hearing in both ears might be caused by damage from an extremely loud noise or by taking certain medications that can impair hearing. Other factors that may lead to hearing loss include age, heredity, chronic exposure to noise, and various diseases. As we get older, our hearing deteriorates. This natural process is called "age-related hearing loss." There are two main types of age-related hearing loss: sensory hair cell loss and degeneration of the nerve cells that transmit sound signals to the brain (neuronal loss). Heredity plays a role in how rapidly someone can lose hearing in one ear. If you have a family history of deafness or early hearing loss, consider talking with your doctor about whether there are any treatments available for preventing further loss of hearing ability. Environmental factors also play a role in hearing loss. Noise exposure can lead to hearing damage or loss. Engaging in conversations in noisy places can be difficult if you have hearing loss. Being aware of environmental sounds around you will help prevent further injury to your hearing. Certain illnesses can cause hearing loss too. For example, diabetes can lead to damage to the blood vessels and nerves within the inner ear. This can result in hearing loss.