We have a final important subdivision in that some acoustic guitar strings are coated and some are uncoated. The coating is usually a fine polymer that covers your string, slowing down the process of oxidation and thus helping the string to stay sounding lively for longer.
A coated string will last much longer than an uncoated guitar string, as the polymer defends your strings from the acid in your sweat. However, this comes at a cost, as coated strings will often feel quite slick to the touch, which some guitarists will find disconcerting.
The coating process also tends to rob the string of some high-end and volume – something to bear in mind when weighing up the options. It’s not that one sounds or feels worse than the other, just that they differ in both respects.