Actually, I think hate speech and disinformation are themselves shocking, but now that we’ve moved most of our public discourse online, we’ve seen just how prevalent intolerance and hatred are. I’d have to say that the Pizzagate incident really woke me up to the extent of disinformation and also to the possibility of real-world harm from online disinformation. And, of course, it’s really obvious how much racial and other marginalized groups like LGBTQ populations suffer from hate speech. The solution requires lots of us to be involved, and it’s going to take time, but we need to build up the structures and systems that allow quality information to dominate. There will still be voices that peddle misinformation and hate, but as we make progress hopefully those will retreat back to the fringes and become less effective weapons.