The gauge you choose depends on what your intended style of play is and how much of an experienced player you are. Lighter gauges are easier to bend and tend to be less painful when played. As a result, they are good for beginners that don’t want to get their fingers hurt too much.
The .010 gauge is the smallest and it refers to the thinnest of the strings while having a gauge of 0.46 for the thickest string. Surprisingly, these are still able to offer an impressive balance between playability and tone, even if you buy a set of affordable electric guitar strings.
Heavier gauges are usually used to play mellower sounds and by those that want to play heavier styles, using more aggressive strikes. Gauges that are over .011 are usually used for lower tunings because they tense the guitar’s neck more. There are also hybrid light and heavy sets that mix the two styles together.