While there are many theories and models in counseling, the American Psychological Association (APA) identifies five broad approaches. Psychoanalysis and Psychodynamic Therapy This approach seeks to uncover unconscious or subconscious motives to understand and help change patients' behavior. Behavioral Therapy Counselors help individuals better grasp the environmental factors that affect their behavior to change undesirable habits or disorders. Cognitive Therapy Here, a patient is encouraged to discuss their thoughts and how these reflect the world around them. Humanistic Therapy Humanistic counseling emphasizes the importance of emotions in patients, with counselors asking individuals to be sensitive to how they perceive major events or everyday life. Holistic/integrative Therapy This approach often combines various counseling theories depending on the patient's unique circumstances.