Acid reflux surgery (fundoplication) treats gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). GERD occurs when the muscles of the esophagus do not close the opening to the stomach tightly enough. This causes reflux in which stomach contents back up into the esophagus. The fundoplication procedure involves wrapping the upper part of the stomach around the bottom of the esophagus to tighten the stomach opening. Acid reflux surgery is also known as anti-reflux surgery. Reflux can cause chronic heartburn, vomiting, coughing and wheezing. Fundoplication can lessen or fully prevent reflux. It may be an option for you if medications and lifestyle changes have not improved reflux. Acid reflux surgery is a common but major surgery with significant risks and potential complications. You may have less invasive treatment options. Consider getting a second opinion about all of your treatment choices before having acid reflux surgery.