Yes, but it has only happened three times, with the last one coming more than three decades ago. Here are the three fillies who have won the Derby, along with their winning times.
1988: Winning Colors, 2:02:20
1980: Genuine Risk, 2:02:00
1915: Regret, 2:05:40
Races for fillies are no longer included on the Road to the Derby, thereby making it impossible for one to qualify. However, Derby weekend also hosts one of the signature events on the filly circuit in the Kentucky Oaks, which is held the Friday prior to the big race.