Traditional Chinese is the umbrella term for all Chinese dialects that use full, ‘traditional’ characters. The most commonly taught dialect is Mandarin Chinese. You can learn both simplified and traditional Mandarin Chinese. Other dialects include Wu, Gan, Xiang, Min, Hakka, Yue, Jin, Huizhou, and Pinghua. However, Mandarin constitutes over 65 percent of Chinese speakers and is nearly always what most courses offer.