Criminal offences in Australia are generally divided into two categories:
Summary offences: These are less serious offences (e.g., traffic violations, common assault, minor theft) and are usually heard in the Local Court of NSW.
Indictable offences: More serious offences (e.g. drug trafficking, rape, murder) are heard in higher courts, such as the District Court or Supreme Court of NSW. Indictable offences may require a trial by jury.