The findings from this study highlight the importance of identifying distinct risk factors associated with different RA-ILD subtypes, which can inform targeted screening and management strategies. For instance, recognizing that older age, male sex, and seropositivity are significant risk factors for RA-UIP can lead to more proactive screening protocols for these high-risk groups. Clinicians may consider implementing regular high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scans for early detection of lung disease in patients with these characteristics.
Moreover, the identification of seropositivity as a common risk factor for both RA-UIP and RA-NSIP suggests that monitoring serological markers could be a valuable tool in assessing the risk of developing ILD. This could facilitate timely interventions, such as the initiation of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) or corticosteroids, to manage inflammation and potentially slow disease progression.
In terms of management, understanding the distinct profiles of RA-ILD subtypes can guide personalized treatment approaches. For example, patients with RA-UIP may benefit from antifibrotic therapies, while those with RA-NSIP may require more aggressive immunosuppressive strategies. Additionally, lifestyle modifications, such as smoking cessation programs, could be emphasized for patients identified as having nonfibrotic ILDs, given the strong association with smoking status.