"Satire is a kind of poetry, without a series of actions, invented for the purging of our minds, in which human vices, ignorance, and errors, and all things besides, which are produced from them in every man, are severely reprehended, partly dramatically," Heinsius writes in his dissertation on Horace. "It was this idea that Shakespeare developed further in his plays, especially A Comedy of Errors, where he satirized both classical and modern ideas about love." In a more general sense, satire means "a comic representation of something usually taken seriously": political satire, literary satire. Satiric cartoons are used by newspapers to make fun of public figures. In literature, satire involves attacking vice, folly, or injustice through humor. It is often used to criticize politicians, judges, authors, etc. Satiric poems also serve as antidotes to poison, clean wounds, and relieve pain. In addition, flowers associated with satire include bergamot, hyacinth, jasmine, larkspur, lilac, narcissus, and tulip. John Dryden (1631-1700) was an English poet, dramatist, and critic. His major works include The Essayes or Studies (1633), Absalom and Achitophel (1681), and Macbeth (1623).