Creating a responsive table involves utilizing HTML formatting tags along with CSS media queries to adjust the table layout based on the screen size. You can set the table to have a flexible width by using CSS properties like width: 100% and max-width: 100%. Additionally, you can apply CSS styles to make the table cells stack vertically on smaller screens using media queries. By incorporating techniques such as horizontal scrolling or hiding less important columns on smaller screens, you can ensure that the table remains readable and usable across various devices.