No, ggplot2 is not the only way to create plots in R. There are other ways to create plots in R, such as: Using base R plotting functions (such as `plot()`, `hist()`, or `boxplot()`) that provide basic graphics capabilities Using lattice package that provides high-level graphics functions based on Trellis graphics Using other specialized packages that provide specific types of plots (such as maps, networks, or interactive graphics) However, ggplot2 is one of the most popular and powerful packages for creating plots in R. It implements the grammar of graphics, which allows you to create graphs by specifying the components and layers of your plot. It also provides a consistent theme and style for your plots.