Address Resolution Protocol is a communication protocol of the network layer in the OSI model. Its function is to find the MAC address for the given IP address of the system. It converts the IPv4 address, which is 32-bit, into a 48-bit MAC address.
How ARP works:
It sends an ARP request that broadcasts frames to the entire network.
All nodes on the network receive the ARP request.
The nodes check whether the request matches with the ARP table to find the target’s MAC address.
If it does not match, then the nodes silently discard the packet.
If it matches, the target will send an ARP response back to the original sender via unicast.