I believe they are very comparable. In fact it appears that Yandex has always actively hired Google engineers.
Someone said on LinkedIn, that he could not imagine Google "documenting" ranking factors just like that. But that's how a complex system like that needs to be built. This leak is from a very authoritative insider, and Google has similar code that could also be leaked.
The aged repetitive statement that not even Google employees know the ranking factors was always absurd for a tech person like me. The number of people that have all the details will be very small, but it must be somewhere there in the code, because that's what runs the search engine.
Around all that there's many layers like we've seen with the various methods in Google Panda, Google Penguin, than took the "core" results and filtered them. Only after many years such methods were integrated "into the core". Guess why, because not a lot of developer have the knowledge or skill to work on such an old, large and impactful code base.
That being said, while we may not assume that we can project everything from the Yandex leak onto Google it is very likely that there are similar solutions found there, at least in the core. Yandex was always "famous" for wanting to clone everything from Google, so we maybe see that in parts of the code as well, from ex-Googlers working for Yandex.
In any case there are the same problems to solve, and a lot of smart solutions for these problems that can teach us.
Many of the assumptions about Google ranking factors can be found in the source code of Yandex. This is not a confirmation that Google also uses them, but it is a good indication.