Confusion, denial, fear, shame, and self-blame can lead adult victims of child sexual abuse to stay silent. Survivors could feel confused as to whether the events that occurred constitute abuse. They also may not remember the events clearly, due to the tendency for children to dissociate, or because the perpetrator gave them drugs or alcohol prior to the abusive act.
Survivors may also be in denial, unable to face the pain of admitting that abuse occurred. They could be fearful of the perpetrator’s threats, of not being believed, and of potential repercussions for the family. They may feel ashamed, due to the helplessness and humiliation they experienced. They may also still blame themselves for a range of unfounded reasons. These include messages conveyed by the perpetrator, or the fact that such a stance provides a semblance of control over an overwhelmingly painful situation.