Despite the promising results of lung transplants as a therapy for individuals with cystic fibrosis, the surgery is not without danger. The primary dangers include bleeding, infection, blood vascular obstruction to the replacement lungs, airway blockage, and fluid in the lungs. Other complications include rejection of the transplant organ and inadequate oxygenation of the blood. Although the mortality rate is high, this can be reduced by using modern medicine and care before, during, and after the operation. Cystic fibrosis affects the ability of cells to produce mucus. This problem leads to chronic infections of the lungs that are difficult to treat with antibiotics. These infections lead to severe pulmonary inflammation and damage. As a result, individuals with cystic fibrosis require frequent visits to the doctor's office to receive treatment for infections and prevent further injury to their lungs. Individuals with cystic fibrosis may need a lung transplant to stay alive. The risk of dying after a lung transplant is high - about 90% of patients will die within five years. But this can be improved by using modern medicine and care before, during, and after the operation. Lung transplant recipients must take immunosuppressive drugs to prevent their body from rejecting the transplant organs. But these medications cause many side effects including increased risk of infection, cancer, heart disease, and diabetes.