Encoding errors are coding mishaps when ignored can cause a fatal error for the structures.Luckily, there are few easy steps which we can follow to avoid them they include 1. Selecting a good encoding formats- This is the main factor which affects the whole process, we cannot use an irregular algorithm to encode only to forget it the next day, the decoding process will only work if the encoding algorithm matches with the decoding ones. 2. Use proper data formats- There are multiple text-based data formats, who either contain information about their encoding, or at least provide the option to include it, for example - XML files contain (although it’s not mandatory) an XML declaration with the name of the encoding they use, so all XML based formats can do the same. Using formats use the same options they provide for eliminating encoding errors. 3. Use structured interfaces- There are many ways to send data from one system to another, some of these methods offer the sending party the possibility of inclusive information about the data they are sending, such as which encoding it uses. When transferring data via HTTP (e.g. sending data to a webservice), the HTTP Content-Type header can be used to indicate the encoding of the data. the above steps are just a few among many others but they are kind of more important than the others, following them might reduce the risk of performing an encoding error.