The first step is to remember prevention is better than a cure. As such, store your shoes out of the elements, and make sure to waterproof them regularly. If your shoes are leather, a wipe over with a slightly damp cloth, then a good polish once a month will keep them spick and span and help cover any damage. The more formal the shoe, the more important this is. Suede shoes need regular brushing with a suede brush to get rid of dirt and reinvigorate the nap. Meanwhile, canvas shoes can be cleaned with a 1:2 ratio of baking soda and white vinegar and a toothbrush.