A solar racking dead load (or permanent, static load) consists of the total weight of all the materials and attachments that are fixed to the racking structure. It is relatively constant over the entire lifetime of the solar array. Due to the lightweight nature of solar racking and PV modules compared to other large civil structures, the racking dead load is minimal compared to more impactful forces such as axial and lateral loads that are generated from frost, snow, and wind.