Global warming refers to the long-term increase in Earth's average surface temperature due to human activities, primarily the emission of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane. This phenomenon is critical because it leads to severe environmental changes, including rising sea levels, extreme weather events, and loss of biodiversity. The consequences of global warming threaten not only natural ecosystems but also human health, food security, and economic stability. Addressing global warming is essential to ensure a sustainable future for all living beings on the planet.