Electromagnetic theory is a branch of physics that studies how electric and magnetic fields behave and interact with matter and each other. It is based on the concept of electromagnetic radiation, which refers to the speed of light propagation of oscillating electric and magnetic fields through space. Several scientists, including Michael Faraday, James Clerk Maxwell, and Heinrich Hertz, contributed to the theory. The theory explains how electromagnetic waves are created, interact with matter, and are detected and measured. Electromagnetic theory has numerous technological applications, including communication, energy generation, medical imaging, and many more.