During labor, the cervix gradually opens or dilates as a result of uterine contractions. The artificial opening of the cervix is caused by mechanical dilatation of the cervix during a caesarean surgery prior to the commencement of labor. This procedure is called dilation and curettage (D&C). The cervix must be fully opened in order to perform a caesarean section. The cervix has two layers: an outer layer that can be felt with your hands and an inner layer that contains blood vessels and nerves. The opening you feel during a pap test or pelvic exam is usually only through the outer layer. At the end of a pregnancy, the cervix begins to thicken and change in consistency due to increased levels of collagen and elastin. This process results in a firm cervix that is less likely to dilate during labor. Many women fear that their cervix will not dilate enough for a safe delivery after a c-section. However, the cervix continues to dilate even after it has been surgically opened. It is normal for the cervix to remain slightly open after a c-section until natural healing processes are complete. Most women can expect their cervix to close within one month following a c-section.