Broadly speaking, no.
On most modern bikes, the front and rear motorcycle tires have different designs due to the different forces that are put onto them when you riding your bike. So the front tire, for example, is designed to withstand the drag forces generated by applying the bike brakes. The rear tire is designed to withstand the pushing forces generated by being attached to the wheel that the motor drives.
You should never, ever mix front and rear tires as it will dramatically affect the handling characteristics of your bike and make it dangerous to ride.
One exception to this rule is vintage motorcycles. Old style bikes are often set up so that the front and rear tires are the same. This isn’t the rule for all older models of bikes, so make sure that your model is one with identical front and rear designs. If it is though then keep an eye out for vintage motorcycle tires such as the one from Duro that made our list above.
The other exception is Dual Sport motorcycle tires. Typically employed on off-road bikes, they can also often be mounted to the front or rear of the bike.