The following tests and procedures are necessary for confirming the diagnosis:
Barium Swallow: A series of x – rays of the esophagus and stomach. The patients drinks a liquid that contains barium (a silver white metallic compound). The liquid coats the esophagus and x ray is taken.
Oesophago-Gastro-Duodenoscopy: This involves introducing a flexible telescope through the mouth to visualize esophagus and stomach. A biopsy may be done at the same time if tumour is seen at endoscopy.
CT Scan with Contrast: This is computerized imaging of chest and abdomen done after intravenous and oral contrast. This gives information about the location, extent and spread of spread disease and hence helps in planning treatment.
PET CT Scan Whole Body: This is combination of CT scan entire body and PET. It involves giving a special dye before scanning. The dye (FDG) helps in identifying the spread of disease and thus is more accurate for staging of disease and planning of treatment.