The Antral Follicle Count (AFC) scan is an ultrasound scan used to count  the total number of follicles, each measuring between 2 to 8 mm, in both the right and left ovaries. It is a significant biological marker used in various reproductive contexts. In controlled ovarian hyperstimulation/intrauterine insemination programs, AFC is used to predict pregnancy outcomes (Chang et al., 2004). It's also a marker of ovarian reserve and is used to evaluate the proportion of follicles responsive to exogenous follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) during controlled ovarian stimulation (Bessow et al., 2019). Additionally, AFC is utilized in assessing ovarian function in various populations, including breast cancer survivors, where it provides data independent of other hormonal markers (Su et al., 2009). In in vitro fertilization (IVF), AFC predicts the number of retrieved oocytes and the likelihood of success, although its ability to predict embryo quality or pregnancy is less clear (Silva et al., 2014). AFC is also a critical component in the selection of bovine females for biotechnology, where it correlates with various fertility parameters (Morotti et al., 2017). AFC is a valuable diagnostic tool in reproductive medicine and biotechnology, used for predicting outcomes in various treatments and assessing ovarian reserve and function.