Note 1: Communalytic can automatically create and visualize a variety of networks including: 1) two-mode semantic networks, 2) link-sharing networks, and 3) reply/retweet signed-communication networks, where each tie in the network stores toxicity-related scores. (For Twitter networks, each node can also store bot-related scores.) Tutorial: How to Use Communalytic’s Built-in Network Visualizer Case Study: An exploratory network and toxicity analysis of reactions to Trump’s and Biden’s pandemic tweets Case Study: Studying Anti-Social Behaviour on Reddit Using Signed Network Adding toxicity-related scores to a network: By default, Communalytic will generate a “who replies to whom” communication network without toxicity scores. To transform a communication network into a signed network, you must first run a toxicity analysis on your dataset and then add toxicity-related scores to each tie in your communication network. (See  Sec. 5) Learn more about Signed Networks Signed Networks in Social Media by Leskovec, Huttenlocher, Kleinberg Signed Social Networks: A Survey by Girdhar & Bharadwaj Tutorial: Visualizing a 2-mode Semantic Network in Communalytic Tutorial: Visualizing a 2-mode Semantic Network in Gephi