Medical malpractice is considered a civil matter rather than a criminal matter. The purpose of a medical malpractice lawsuit is to seek compensation for damages suffered as a result of the healthcare provider's negligence — examples include medical expenses, lost income, pain and suffering, and other related costs. It is not meant to punish the healthcare provider or result in criminal charges or penalties.
However, in rare cases where medical negligence involves intentional harm, fraud, or criminal activity, criminal charges may be filed against the healthcare provider or facility in addition to any civil lawsuits. For example, if a healthcare provider intentionally administered a lethal dose of medication to a patient, this could result in criminal charges such as murder or manslaughter.