It is very common in drill and blast operations to blast shortly after the application of shotcrete. There are certainly risks involved, but a knowledgeable and experienced mining crew working with or for a knowledgeable, experienced contractor would not have any problem with this type of application.
A knowledgeable contractor will develop a mixture and procedures to ensure that the timing of the subsequent blast is compatible with the set time of the shotcrete. Preconstruction testing should be required to establish the set time (both early and final set) to assist in developing the sequence of operations. The set time will also be impacted by the site conditions, such as temperature.