Simply put, Matter operates at the Application Layer whereas Thread operates at the Network Layer. Matter will be the common language for devices to communicate in, while Thread will be doing the actual communicating! At the Application Layer, Matter will handle security, message routing, and enforce a common language for devices via a standardised data model. It will be embedded in a controller such as a smart speaker/display, smartphone, mesh router (e.g. Homepod Mini, Nest Hub) etc. At the Networking Layer, Matter will exclusively deploy Thread as its radio protocol for low-power and small data-consuming devices. For devices that require higher power consumption and data transfer (such as security cameras) Matter will use Wi-Fi. Thus, Matter will deploy a combination of Thread and Wi-Fi for its communication mesh.