NEC prevention involves using probiotics and breast milk. The American Academy of Pediatrics, in 2012, u003ca href=u0022https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article/129/3/e827/31785/Breastfeeding-and-the-Use-of-Human-Milku0022u003eu003cstrongu003erecommendedu003c/strongu003eu003c/au003e feeding human milk to preterm infants, saying that doing so comes with “significant short- and long-term beneficial effects,” including a reduction in NEC rate by u003cstrongu003e50 to 75 percentu003c/strongu003e.u003cbr/u003eu003cbr/u003eFeeding low birth weight infants small amounts of human milk, orally, as soon as possible, while the infant is being mostly fed intravenously, u003ca href=u0022https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14767050802630169u0022u003eu003cstrongu003estimulatesu003c/strongu003eu003c/au003e an immature gut to mature and eventually be ready to receive greater oral intake of human milk. When mother’s milk is not available, human milk from a donor or milk bank may be used.u003cbr/u003eu003cbr/u003eIt has been u003ca href=u0022https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3406618/u0022u003eu003cstrongu003enotedu003c/strongu003eu003c/au003e by u003ca href=u0022http://openaccess.sgul.ac.uk/110885/3/nuz019_author%20queries_fin.docxu0022u003eu003cstrongu003eexpertsu003c/strongu003eu003c/au003e that the glycan and immunoglobular compositions of cow’s milk and human milk are different, and this has implications on our understanding of why human milk can prevent NEC. Human milk oligosaccharides are a u003ca href=u0022https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6281035/u0022u003eu003cstrongu003esubject of interestu003c/strongu003eu003c/au003e in intervention and supplementation because they are relatively easy to produce.u003cbr/u003eu003cbr/u003eA 2020 u003ca href=u0022https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8094746/u0022u003eu003cstrongu003ereviewu003c/strongu003eu003c/au003e found that probiotic supplementation may prevent “severe NEC, as well as all-cause mortality in preterm infants.”