Trigeminal neuralgia is a painful disorder caused by the trigeminal nerve that affects the face, most usually one side of the jaw or cheek. Trigeminal neuralgia pain is distinct from other types of face discomfort. It's sharp and stabbing, and often occurs in bursts of energy followed by periods of relief. There are two main types of trigeminal neuralgia. Trigeminal neuralgia type 1 is when the problem starts in one side of the face and then gradually spreads to the other side. This is the most common type. Trigeminal neuralgia type 2 is when the problem starts in both sides of the face at once. This type is less common. The trigeminal nerve is responsible for sending messages to and from the face. It has three branches: oral, nasal, and temporal. Trigeminal neuralgia can occur if these nerves become irritated due to excessive pressure from growing tumors or other diseases. This irritation causes the nerves to send signals too frequently which leads to pain. There are several treatments available for trigeminal neuralgia. The goal is to find something that works for you individually. If you don't see any improvement with different drugs, possible surgery may be suggested.