In this case, "maintenance costs" refers to the annual updates of the Laravel version, any necessary update of the PHP version and the updating of dependencies (third-party packages). When a project is under active development or support, the annual fixed costs are minimised because the updating of third-party packages is done during ongoing development. Larger updates such as the Laravel major version update or a PHP version update can be completed within one person day for small to medium-sized projects (information without guarantee).