The purpose of a retention of title clause [also known as a “title-retention” or “reservation” clause] is to secure the position of the seller where the delivery of goods has taken place without payment having been made. Essentially, it is a contractual stipulation whereby the seller defers the transfer of property in the goods to the fulfillment of the primary obligations under the contract most notably, payment of the price. As such, the passing of property in the goods is aspect of contract rather than conveyance or delivery. See Iwan Davies, Retention of Title Clauses in Sale of Goods Contracts in Europe, viii, Routledge, 2016.