IP stands for ingress protection. It is a standard defined by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). IP ratings aim to provide users with more detailed information regarding a particular device's protection against intrusions, like water and dust. It achieves this by assigning numbers that indicate how well the device is protected. The first digit relates to solid particles like dirt and dust. The rating ranges from 0 (no protection) to 6 (dust-tight). The second number refers to liquids. The liquid rating ranges from 0 (no protection) to 9 (protection against powerful, high-temperature water jets). The letter X denotes a device that has not undergone testing.