The bulbous bow is a protrusion at the front of the ship, typically below the waterline, that helps to reduce drag and increase fuel efficiency. The shape of the bulbous bow creates a wave that travels around the ship and eventually meets again at the stern. This wave has a relatively low pressure compared to the surrounding water, which reduces drag on the hull.
The first recorded use of a bulbous bow was on the Clipper Ship Red Jacket in 1845. Since then, they have been used extensively on all types of vessels, from small pleasure boats to large cargo ships. Bulbous bows are most effective in calm to moderate sea conditions. In rough seas, waves can break over the bulbous bow and cause damage to the ship.