Guided AGVs follow a defined route. For example, through rails embedded in the ground, transponders and other guidance systems. Autonomous AGVs, on the other hand, are equipped with additional sensor technology and navigation, which enable them to detect their surroundings, recognize obstacles and independently select a route.
With rail-guided AGVs, high load capacities can be realized regardless of the ground quality. Even large differences in weight or the shifting of the material's center of gravity have no effect. This enables efficient material handling of large and heavy products. These systems are referred to as heavy-duty AGVs. In addition, rail guidance ensures high precision. High precision is necessary for interaction with other machines for automated processes, as repeatability and small tolerances are required in this area.