By 663 AD, Islam had reached every corner of the globe. The Koran, their sacred book, had been translated into Greek, Latin, and Chinese. Muslims may be found throughout Spain and France, as well as in India, China, Russia, and Africa. Islam had been founded in Medina by the Prophet Muhammad, and his disciples had gone to Syria and Iraq. They had migrated to the Hijaz in modern-day Saudi Arabia, and they had proceeded to Yemen, the Persian Gulf, northern Africa, the Caspian Sea, and Khurasan in eastern Iran. "A large number of Muslims lived in Khurasan, Turkistan, and Transoxania."