Doctors and surgeons who perform endoscopies are specialized in a specific area of medicine and type of endoscopy procedure. They include: Critical care medicine doctors specialize in the diagnosis and management of life threatening conditions. Gastroenterologists are internists or pediatricians who specialize in diseases of the digestive system. General and pediatric surgeons specialize in the surgical care of diseases, injuries and deformities affecting the abdomen, breasts, digestive tract, endocrine system and skin. Obstetricians-gynecologists (Ob/Gyns) specialize in conditions and diseases of the female reproductive systems. Orthopedic surgeons specialize in diseases and conditions of the bones and joints. Pulmonologists are internists or pediatricians who specialize in lung diseases. Thoracic surgeons specialize in chest surgery. Urologists and pediatric urologists specialize in diseases of the urinary and reproductive systems.