Copying sheet music can be illegal in certain circumstances, but it depends on the specific situation and the applicable laws in a particular jurisdiction. Here are some factors to consider:
1. Copyright Protection: Sheet music is generally protected by copyright law, which grants exclusive rights to the original creator or owner. This means that reproducing or copying sheet music without permission from the copyright holder could constitute copyright infringement.
2. Fair Use: In some cases, copying sheet music may be considered fair use. Fair use provisions allow limited use of copyrighted material without permission for certain purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, research, or news reporting. However, the determination of fair use is highly contextual and depends on factors like the purpose and character of the use, the nature of the copyrighted work, the amount and substantiality of the portion used, and the effect of the use on the original work's market.
3. Free/Public Domain: Sheet music that is no longer protected by copyright, either because it has entered the public domain or under a Creative Commons license, can generally be copied freely. Public domain works are those whose copyright has expired or have been deliberately placed in the public domain by the copyright holder.
4. Licensing: Sheet music may be available for licensing through various organizations or publishers. Licensing gives individuals or groups the right to legally copy and distribute the sheet music, usually in exchange for fees or royalties. It is important to obtain proper licenses or permissions to avoid infringing on copyright.
5. Educational Use: Some jurisdictions may allow limited copying of sheet music for educational purposes, such as classroom use, academic research, or private study. However, the extent of permissible copying may vary, and it is essential to check the specific educational use exceptions and conditions in the applicable copyright laws.
It's important to note that I am not a legal professional, and copyright laws can be complex and vary across jurisdictions. It is recommended to consult with a legal expert or seek advice from relevant copyright organizations to obtain accurate information and guidance regarding the legality of copying sheet music in a specific situation.