Medical oncology: This involves the use of chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and other cancer-targeting drugs to treat tumor cells. The aim is to eradicate, shrink, or slow the growth of cancer in the body.
Radiation oncology: This involves the use of high-energy radiation therapy to kill cancer cells. There are many methods of delivering radiation to the tumor. The new advanced radiation techniques such as CyberKnife, GammaKnife, and other SRBT methods, allow precise radiation delivery to cancer cells, preventing exposure to surrounding healthy cells.
Surgical oncology: This involves the use of surgery or operation to remove cancer along with some surrounding healthy tissues. This is usually the primary cancer treatment option for many patients. The extent of surgery may vary depending on the type, location, and stage of cancer. It can be combined with other treatment modalities such as chemotherapy or radiation.