A brain injury is any trauma to the brain, movement of the brain, or deprivation of oxygen that results in tissue damage. There are two major types of brain injury: non-traumatic and traumatic. Non-traumatic brain injury, which results from a prolonged lack of blood or oxygen to the brain. Causes include stroke, infection, tumors, or an obstructed airway. Traumatic brain injury results from actual physical damage to the brain itself.