**An extensive clinical study was performed on equines regarding the affects of Chondroitin SuIfate injections.  If you would like to receive a complete copy of this clinical study with all laboratory results, graphs, evaluations, discussions, conclusions, citations, and bibliography - please email stuart@movex.com or call us at  813-448-2181.  This was an independent study and was not conducted by Movex.  The author of the study is properly cited below.  This was not a drug study.  This was a study on effectiveness of Chondroitin 4 Sulfate, which is a supplement and has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration.  These products are not intended to diagnose, cure, or prevent any disease. Summary of Study: Materals and Methods: A full clinical study was carried out on fifteen clinically healthy female equines between 5 and 10 years old.  "Animals were divided at random into three groups of five animals each, named Group 1 to 3 respectively.  Previous to the test and, in order to determine their condition, the animals were clinically and radiologcally examined.  On the test day, the left carpus joint zone of all animals was depilated and then santitized and antisepticized.  Immediately, each animal was immobilized in order to proceed to the extraction of 2 ml of synovial fluid, inoculating in the same operation .5ml of Adjuvant Complete of Feund (ACF) in the joint, to induce an aseptic arthritis.  This operation was carried on in the fifteen animals taking part in the test." Treatments: The following treatments were carried on: Group 1 (n=5):  Application of 5 ml of Chondroitin Sulfate via intramuscular each 5 days (sterile solution at 12%, 120mg/ml). Group 2 (n=5):  Daily application of 10ml of Chondroitin Sulfate via oral, (solution at 25%, 250mg/ml) Groupl 3 (n+5):  No treatment (Control Group) Evaluated Parameters: a.  Articular Circumference b.  Strained Flexion c.  Lameness d.  Analysis of the Synovial Fluid e.  Radiological Examination f.  Clinical Examination g.  Statistical Analysis Discussion:   "...The increase of the articular circumference was significantly less in treated animals; this suggests a direct anti-inflammatory effect of chondroitin sulfate on the injury caused.  On the other hand, the differences observed in the response to a strained flexion and the lameness degree, make us think of a significant analgesic effect, which contributes to a faster and better recovery of animals suffering articular injuries..." "... The radiographic image makes evident the presence of a subchondral sclerosis plus loss of regular characteristics of the articular capsule present only in Control animals; this reveals a growth-inductive (chondrorepairing) effect of chondroitin sulfate on the cartilage injured by the ACF..." "...The animals treated with CS via injectable showed a significant evolution 48 hours after the injury induction with respect to some of the evaluated parameters, which is consistent with the bioavailability of the product by this via, showing a plasmatic peak few hours after injection (18 hours).  The response observed in the increase of the articular circumference was very good in 48 hours, improving the achievements of the group..." "...From day 16 on, the evolution was similar to that observed in animals...and significantly better (p<0.05) than the one observed in Control animals..." Conclusions: "...The obtained results are determinative and evidence the CS therapeutic value in the induced pathology,...  Although differences are observed in the product behavior when administered by different vias, both proved to be effective and lead to normalize the articular condition after 30 days of treatment.  The observed differences might be the basis for the elaboration of a possible therapeutic strategy based on the use of CS... in different moments of the articular pathology being treated.  This shall determine the use of the products of a more or less quick effect, as well as the via of administration to be used..." "... Considering what was previously mentioned and based principally in the experimental results of the present work, the discussion about the viability of the CS via oral or injectable seems to be out of place and inconvenient, in view of the numerous and overwhelming clinical and experimental results.  Chondroitin Sulfate, in varied presentations is then an important therapeutic resource with which veterinarians count for the handling of articular problems..." From:  Effects of the Administration of Chondroitin Sulfate via Injectable and Oral in the Induced Equine Aseptic Arthritis, Videla Dorna I. DVM(1) and Fuerrero R. C. DVM(2) (1) Professor of Physiopathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National University of the Center of Buenos Aires Province, Tandil, Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina.  Technical Director, Syntex S.A. Prayones y Avellaneda, Luis Guillon, Buenos Aires, Argentina. (2) Syntex Manager, Ayacucho, Ruta 74 Km 100, Pcia. de Buenos Aires, Argentina **These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.