A disc herniation, also known as a slipped or herniated disc, refers to a condition in which one of the discs in the spine becomes damaged or compromised. The spine is made up of individual bones called vertebrae, and between each pair of vertebrae is a cushion-like structure called an intervertebral disc. The nucleus pulposus, which resembles gel, is located inside the stiff outer layer (annulus fibrosus) of these discs. When a disc herniation occurs, the outer layer of the disc weakens or tears, allowing the inner gel-like material to protrude outwards. This bulging or leaking of the disc material can lead to compression or irritation of nearby spinal nerves or the spinal cord itself. The herniated disc material can also cause inflammation, resulting in pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness in the affected area.