The accuracy of pipetting can be affected by the temperature of the liquid being dispensed. Pipetting warm or cold liquids can cause the liquid to expand or contract, which can affect the volume of liquid that is dispensed. When dispensing warm liquids, the liquid will expand and the volume dispensed will be larger than intended, leading to over-dispensing. This can be corrected by adjusting the volume setting on the pipette, or by allowing the liquid to cool before dispensing. On the other hand, when dispensing cold liquids, the liquid will contract and the volume dispensed will be smaller than intended, leading to under-dispensing. This can be corrected by adjusting the volume setting on the pipette, or by allowing the liquid to warm up before dispensing. To achieve the best accuracy while dispensing warm or cold liquids, it is important to use a calibrated pipette and to use the appropriate technique to adjust for the effects of temperature. Ideally, liquids should be brought to a room temperature before dispensing and during the dispensing process the pipette should be kept at the same temperature, this way the temperature changes will have a minimal effect on volume. Additionally, positive displacement pipettes are less affected by the temperature change, as they work by trapping the liquid inside the tip and not relying on the air displacement. However, it is always recommended to check the accuracy of the pipette before and after dispensing, to ensure that the readings are accurate.