Also called Giant Cell Arteritis, this is a syndrome which includes a new headache in someone in their seventh decade of life. Typically, it is a global headache, throbbing in nature, often associated with tenderness over the temples. It can be associated with jaw pain and visual changes but none of these findings must be present for diagnosis. A blood test called an Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate is a useful test when this diagnosis is suspected. When confirmed, immediate treatment with steroids is indicated. Left untreated, temporal arteritis can threaten your eyesight.