Suppose researchers discover that they have not obtained adequate consent from a participant after the study has already begun. In that case, they should immediately stop data collection from the participant and ensure that the participant's data is not used in any analysis or publication. They should then contact the participant and explain the situation, ensuring that the participant understands why their data cannot be used and informing them that their data will be destroyed, if appropriate. The researcher should then document the conversation with the participant, including any steps taken to rectify the situation.   Finally, the researcher should re-examine their consent procedures to obtain adequate consent from all participants in future research projects. Suppose the participant's data has already been used in an analysis or publication. In that case, the researcher should make a public statement clarifying that the study was conducted without consent and offer to withdraw the paper or article from publication.