Since there are different types of athletes, there's also a lot of different tapes. For your convenience, here they are, listed and explained:
Kinesiology tape (aka k-tape): This ultra-flexible tape adjusts to the movement of your skin and glides with you during physical activity. It is commonly used for both injury management and prevention.
Rigid tape: This very stiff tape is most commonly made with a zinc oxide glue adhesive. It is used to reduce joint movement.
Under tape: Used to create a layer of protection between the rigid tape and your skin.
Elastic tape: This very flexible cotton tape moves with your body. Since it is made of cotton, it is very breathable. However, this also means that as it lets moisture out, it also let’s moisture in, so it definitely isn’t waterproof.
Felt Tape: This tape is used as a barrier between environmental factors and your skin. It does not use an adhesive to stick but can stick to itself.
Cohesive tape/bandages: This type of tape/bandage also does not contain an adhesive because it can stick to itself. It is soft and flexible and is used to provide support to weak or injured joints and muscles.