the educational process of relating the curriculum to a particular setting, situation or area of application to make the competencies relevant, meaningful, and useful to all learners. The degree of contextualization may be described and distinguished into the following: a. 1. Localization – the process of relating learning content as specified in the curriculum to local information and materials in the learners’ community.3 a.2. Indigenization – the process of enhancing curriculum competencies, education resources and teaching-learning processes in relation to the bio-geographical, historical, and socio-cultural contexts of the learners’ community. Indigenization may also involve the enhancement of the curriculum framework, curriculum design and learning standards of subject areas, guided by the standards and principles adhered to in the national curriculum.