Biotribology has been one of the most active topics in the broad field of tribology during the past 40 years. The range of subjects covered in the contributions on biotribology in the Encyclopedia on Tribology clearly demonstrate this point. Tribology is the “science and technology of interacting surfaces in relative motion” and encompasses the study of friction, wear and lubrication. The term tribology was introduced in 1966 (Department of Education and Science 1966), while aspects of the subject dedicated to biological situations were defined as biotribology shortly afterwards.