There are numerous factors that could lead to kidney impairment, such as: Diabetes: High blood sugar levels can damage the blood vessels in the kidneys, impairing their ability to filter waste products from the blood. High blood pressure: Elevated blood pressure can damage the blood vessels in the kidneys, reducing their ability to function properly. Autoimmune diseases: Conditions like lupus and vasculitis can cause inflammation in the kidneys, leading to damage over time. Infections: Certain infections, such as pyelonephritis, can cause kidney damage if left untreated. Medications: Some medications, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and certain antibiotics, can cause kidney damage if taken in high doses or over a long period of time. Genetic factors: Some forms of kidney disease are hereditary and can be passed down through families. Trauma: Injury to the kidneys from accidents or sports injuries can cause kidney damage. Aging: As we age, our kidneys may become less efficient at filtering waste products from the blood, leading to kidney damage over time.