A Therapeutic Community is a treatment facility in which the community itself, through self-help and mutual support, is the principal means for promoting personal change. In a therapeutic community, residents and staff participate in the management and operation of the community, contributing to a psychologically and physically safe learning environment where change can occur. In a therapeutic community, there is a focus on the biopsychosocial, emotional and spiritual dimensions of substance use, with the use of the community to heal individuals and support the development of behaviours, attitudes and values of healthy living. There is evidence that residential programs do have a higher success rate than other types of treatment. The National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre Australian Treatment Outcome Study (ATOS) concluded that “Despite the poor clinical profile of residential rehab clients, clinical improvements associated with residential rehab have been demonstrated amongst US, UK and Australian samples. ….70% of residential rehab clients from the ATO Study were abstinent in the period immediately following a 12 months follow up.”