There are some people who are paying quite a bit more for their health insurance now that the ACA has been implemented: primarily enrollees who are younger, healthy, had plans with high out-of-pocket exposure prior to 2014 (potentially higher than the ACA now allows, like a $10,000 individual deductible, for example), and also have incomes high enough to make them ineligible for subsidies.
However, there are plenty of people who are ineligible for subsidies who don’t fall into those other categories. For them, there hasn’t been as much in the way of “rate shock” over the last several years, and they might have ended up with a better deal starting in 2014, even without accounting for subsidies. It’s also important to note that it’s been more than a decade since the ACA was enacted. Premiums in the individual market had already been increasing steadily for years before that, so the premiums from 2009-2013 would be long gone by now, even without the ACA’s changes.