It is caused when the bacteria in the mouth get into the pulp, creating swelling. When a tooth is strong and healthy, the pulp is protected by layers of enamel and dentin. Pulpitis develops when these layers become damaged. Damage can occur if a tooth has an untreated cavity or severe acid erosion or has become injured. Other possible causes include:
A tooth fracture can expose the dental pulp.
Oral habits like tooth grinding and clenching (bruxism), or dental problems such as jaw misalignment can cause trauma to teeth, eventually wearing or cracking them and exposing the dental pulp.
Poor oral hygiene habits increase the risk of tooth decay, and potentially pulpitis.
Consuming a diet that is high in sugary foods or refined carbohydrates also promotes tooth decay.
There are two types of pulpitis.