The subject is the part of the sentence that performs the action or is being described, answering the question "who" or "what" is doing the action. It typically consists of a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase.
For example, in the sentence "She ran to the store," "She" is the subject.
The predicate is the part of the sentence that provides information about the subject or what the subject is doing, answering the question "what happened" or "what is the subject doing." It includes the verb and any other elements related to the verb.
For example, in the same sentence "She ran to the store," "ran to the store" is the predicate.