There are many different methods of trying to restore cartilage:
Microfracture – multiple holes are made in the joint surface to promote new blood supply and a healing response in the subchondral bone
Drilling – like microfracture, a small drill or punch creates the holes to promote a healing response in the bone closest to the cartilage. This bleeding, like in microfracture, may help form fibrocartilage over the damaged area.
Abrasion arthroplasty – small burrs are used to cause small areas of bleeding from the bone in the affected area to spur creation of new cartilage. In this procedure, high-speed burrs are used instead of wires or drills.
Knee Cartilage Transplant – cartilage is implanted and re-grown in your knee