A vertebral compression fracture occurs, when the bony block or vertebral body collapses, causing severe pain, deformity, and loss of height. Most commonly, these fractures occur in the thoracic spine (the middle part of the spine), especially in the lower part. Vertebral compression fractures can be very serious and cause a variety of long-term consequences, including increased susceptibility to additional vertebral compression fractures in the future. If you suffer a vertebral compression fracture or have a condition such as osteoporosis that increases the likelihood of you doing so receiving prompt treatment is important.