The essential properties of Scalars or dot products of vectors are as follows: The commutative law applies to the scalar product of any two given vectors, i.e a.b = b.a = |a|.|b|.cos. For any 2 vectors, a and b (d.a). e.b. = (d.b). de a.b. = e.a. Any vector a’s dot or scalar product with itself is the square of its magnitude, i.e. a.a = a2. The dot or scalar product of the given vectors obeys the distributive law, namely, a.(b + c) = a.b + a.c.