The treatment of achalasia focuses on improving the ability for the esophageal muscles to move food and liquid more easily through the digestive tract. It mainly achieves this through relaxing or stretching open the lower esophageal sphincter. Specific treatment depends on the age of the patient, if they have any other preexisting health conditions, and the severity of the achalasia. Nonsurgical options include: • Pneumatic Dilation — In this treatment option, to enlarge the opening of the esophageal sphincter, a balloon is inserted by endoscopy into the center and is then inflated. • Botox (Botulinum Toxin Type A) — This injectable muscle relaxant can be administered directly into the esophageal sphincter via an endoscopic needle; for long-term relief, injections may need to be repeated. Surgical options for treating achalasia include: • Heller myotomy • Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM)