The Dubin Investigation He first denied doping following the Seoul test, but while speaking before the 1989 Dubin Inquiry, a Canadian government probe into drug addiction, Johnson revealed that he had lied. Johnson's coach, Charlie Francis, told the panel that he had been using steroids since 1981. The hearing was told that Johnson had acquired his knowledge of steroid use from Francis. Johnson said that he had begun taking testosterone shots in Korea in August 1988, just weeks after winning gold at the Seoul Olympics. He said that he had done so without a doctor's advice or consent. The Canadian sprinter claimed that he had wanted to "build muscle and strength" for the Tokyo Games but also admitted that he had used cocaine twice during 1989, including once within two days of a major race. He later said that these experiences had caused him to quit drugs for good. However, the Dubin report stated that this was not the case and that Johnson was still using cocaine during this time. It also noted that he had sent a courier to Italy with $20,000 (Canadian) as an advance on his win bonus. Francis testified that this was done because Johnson did not want to travel with his own money. The report further alleged that Johnson had received injections in both arms three times between October 1987 and July 1988 at the hands of Dr. Luca Sacchi.