In addition to punitive damages (through criminal cases), a victim can also seek compensatory damages through a civil action. A prosecutor will be the one to decide whether or not to bring criminal charges against a person. It is up to the victim whether or not they would like to bring civil charges against their perpetrator.
A civil claim will allow a survivor to seek monetary damages against the defendant. A criminal verdict is not necessary in order for a victim to file a civil claim. Often times, the attacker will be found liable for a victim’s injuries, and compensation will be ordered for:
Medical expenses
Lost wages
Loss of future earning potential
Pain and suffering
Loss companionship with a partner