Ans: In some cases, further engine tuning is recommended after installing a cold air intake to ensure optimal performance and to prevent potential issues. A CAI can drastically increase the amount of air entering the engine, which affects the air-fuel ratio. If the engine's ECU is not recalibrated to account for this change in airflow, it can lead to a lean or a rich condition air-fuel mixture. Both of these scenarios can have detrimental effects on performance, fuel efficiency, and engine longevity. Therefore, tuning the ECU can help adjust the air-fuel mixture to the ideal ratio for the new CAI.