Levels of total HMOs seem to decrease over the course of lactation. HMOs range between 20 and 25 g/L in colostrum and 5 and 15 g/L in mature human breast milk.1,2 The levels of some of the most abundant HMOs, such as 2'fucosyllactose (2’FL) and lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), are highest in the colostrum and decrease over the course of lactation.3,4\r\rReferences:\r\r\r Zivkovic A, German J, Lebrilla C, Mills D. Human milk glycobiome and its impact on the infant gastrointestinal microbiota. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2010 Mar;108 Suppl 1:4653-8.\r Bode L. Human milk oligosaccharides: every baby needs a sugar mama. Glycobiology. 2012 Sep;22(9):1147-62.\r Austin S, De Castro C, Bénet T, Hou Y, Sun H, Thakkar S et al. Temporal change of the content of 10 oligosaccharides in the milk of Chinese urban mothers. Nutrients. 2016 Jun;8(6):346.\r Sprenger N, Lee LY, De Castro CA, Steenhout P, Thakkar SK . Longitudinal change of selected human milk oligosaccharides and association to infants’ growth, an observatory, single center, longitudinal cohort study. PloS One. 2017 Feb;12(2):e0171814.