Suspension Clamps: Purpose: These are used to suspend conductors or insulators to the tower. Design: They are designed to hold the conductor without causing any damage while allowing it to move horizontally. This movement is essential to accommodate the expansion and contraction of the conductor due to temperature variations. Material: Typically made of malleable iron or aluminum alloy to ensure strength and resistance to environmental conditions. Strain (or Tension) Clamps: Purpose: These clamps are used at terminal poles, corners, and sharp curves where the tension on conductors is high. Design: They are designed to handle high tension without causing damage to the conductor. They typically have a grooved structure to ensure firm gripping. Material: Made of forged steel or malleable iron, these clamps can endure high levels of strain. Dead-end Clamps: Purpose: Used to terminate conductors at the end of a line. Design: Built to handle the full tension of the conductor and ensure there's no slippage. Material: They are often made of high-strength materials like forged steel. Spacer Clamps: Purpose: In bundled conductors, spacer clamps maintain the gap between the conductors. This is essential to reduce oscillation and ensure that conductors don't clash during high winds. Design: Can be of rigid or flexible type. Material: Typically made of high-strength aluminum alloys. Anchor Clamps: Purpose: Used mainly in distribution lines to anchor conductors to poles, especially at the end of spans. Design: They grip the conductor securely to transfer the mechanical load to the pole. Material: Often made from weather-resistant materials, such as aluminum alloy or galvanized steel. Tap Clamps: Purpose: Used for making tap connections from the main line. Design: They ensure a reliable electrical connection and can handle the current without overheating. Material: Typically made of copper or aluminum, depending on the conductor material. Repair Clamps: Purpose: Utilized for repairing damaged sections of conductors without interrupting the power flow. Design: They encircle and grip the damaged section, ensuring a seamless transition of electrical current. Material: They're made of materials compatible with the conductor to ensure proper electrical and mechanical connection. These are just some of the primary clamps used in transmission systems. The selection of a particular clamp depends on factors like the line's voltage level, conductor type, environmental conditions, and specific requirements of the transmission system. Proper clamp selection and installation are crucial for the reliability and safety of the transmission line.