The main difference between a felony and a misdemeanor is the length of time you have to spend incarcerated. However, there are other consequences as well. Felony convictions can result in a long-term stay in a California state prison, depending on the crime. With a felony conviction, you lose certain rights. One of those rights is the right to possess a firearm and the ability to vote (if you are sent to prison and while you are on parole).