Two Types of RFID tags are Active and Passive Tags. Active tags are also called battery-operated RFID tags. They have an onboard battery for the power supply. Whereas the passive tags do not have an internal battery power source; instead, they rely on electromagnetic energy transmitted by RFID readers.
Active RFID tags operate with only two frequency bands: 433 MHz or 915 MHz. The Passive RFID tags transmit information using three frequency bands: 125 to 134 kHz (Low Frequency), 13.56 MHz (High Frequency), and Near Field Communication (NFC) with 865 to 960 MHz (Ultra High Frequency). Active tags are expensive compared to passive tags. Passive tags are easy to embed, whereas active tags are bulkier, and embedding is difficult. Active tags have a lifespan of 3-5 years, whereas passive tags have an indefinite life span. Passive RFID tags have a range of about 15 meters, whereas active RFID tags support up to 150 meters. Passive RFID tags are mainly used in industries like Healthcare, manufacturing, retail, etc., whereas Active tags are used in oil, gas, construction, mining, etc.