Yes and no! Yes, in the sense that they share the same notes. The difference is which note is the tonic (the most important note of the scale, which the scale is named after).  The E minor scale starts on E:  E F-sharp G A B C D E  The G major scale starts on G: G A B C D E F-sharp G So even though both scales use the same notes, they prioritize the importance of different notes by the way the notes are ordered in the scale. We can say that G major is the relative major key to E minor, or we can say that E minor is the relative minor key to G major.