Whether your disability insurance policy is short-term or long-term, you must file a claim with the insurance company to start receiving your benefits. While each process varies, each claim requests that you explain in detail the nature of your illness or injury and medical proof that can verify how your medical condition prevents you from performing your job. With long-term disability insurance plans, however, one part of the claim process can affect your ability to seek approval for your claim. That part is the independent medical examination.