Pros: Artificial lighting indoors can provide consistent light intensity and spectrum throughout the growth cycle, ensuring that plants receive the right amount of energy to optimize their growth. This eliminates some of the unpredictability associated with natural sunlight, making it easier to control crop yield and quality. Artificial lighting offers more control over environmental factors like temperature and humidity which are important for successful cultivation.
Cons: One downside of using artificial lighting is that it requires a substantial upfront investment in specialized equipment such as lamps, ballasts, reflectors and other components. Since artificial lights generate heat they must be managed carefully to prevent damage to plants or safety risks for personnel working near them. Without natural daylight many indoor growers will need additional supplemental lighting such as fluorescent bulbs to ensure their crops get adequate amounts of light during certain phases of development.