Cholecystectomy can be performed through various surgical approaches, with the two primary methods being laparoscopic and open procedures. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy involves making small incisions and using a camera to guide the surgeon in removing the gallbladder with minimal invasiveness. Open cholecystectomy, less common but necessary in certain situations, requires a larger incision. The choice of approach depends on factors such as the severity of the gallbladder condition and the presence of complications.