There are a variety of ways to calculate the distance wind will travel. The most common way is to use the Beaufort scale, which is a measure of wind speed based on observation. This scale goes from 0 (calm) to 12 (hurricane).
To calculate the distance wind will travel, you first need to know the speed of the wind. You can either use an anemometer or estimate the speed by looking at how fast objects are moving in the wind. Once you have this number, you can use one of these three formulas:
1) Distance = Speed x Time
2) Distance = Speed x Rate of Turn
3) Distance = (Speed ÷ Rate of Turn) x 360 degrees
The first two formulas are used when estimating how far downwind an object will be after a certain amount of time has passed. The third formula is used when calculating how far an object will be after it has turned through 360 degrees. These formulas all assume that there is no change in windspeed during this time period.
If you want a more accurate estimate, you can also take into account things like air density and surface roughness.