A star schema and a Data Vault are two different approaches to data modeling and data warehousing, each with its own characteristics and benefits. A star schema is a widely used dimensional data model commonly found in traditional data warehousing. Its key features are simplicity, denormalized structure, and aggregation of data, which are especially useful for data analytics. A Data Vault is a data modeling methodology and architecture specifically designed for enterprise data warehouses. It focuses on providing a flexible and scalable approach for integrating and storing data from various sources.