There are three phases to wound healing: Phase 1. The reaction phase This is the bleeding phase and an inflammation phase. In this phase, the blood clots and the blood vessels constrict. This stops any bleeding that may be taking place. A wound layer may now form. When this wound layer dries out, a scab forms. Underneath this scab, the body is working hard to get rid of bacteria and dead body cells. As a result of the clearing, an infection-like reaction can occur, the blood vessels cannot drain the cleared cells properly and excess fluid can accumulate. The wound may swell and feel painful. Phase 2. Regeneration phase Once the body has cleaned the wound and cleared away all the bacteria, the second phase begins. In this phase, new blood vessels and connective tissue are formed. The new blood vessels ensure the proper supply of nutrients and provide areas for the regeneration of new tissue. This new tissue is the basis for the new top layer of skin. When these cells have multiplied sufficiently, the wound is closed and can proceed to the final stage. Phase 3. Maturing phase When the wound is closed, the tissue may still be thick and red in colour. With time, the tissue will become soft and supple and take on its normal colour. This can take several months to a year.