Getting yourself into optimum condition prior to pregnancy involves the establishment of a healthy lifestyle and screening for disorders or genetic carrier state. Healthy lifestyle requires eliminating habits that may be detrimental such as cigarette smoking or excessive alcohol or caffeine intake. Proper diet and exercise are recommended as well. Women with diabetes or hypertension should see their medical doctors about getting these diseases in the best control possible before conceiving. Women who are obese should strongly consider weight loss prior to getting pregnant. Folic acid intake has been shown to reduce the risk of certain birth defects (neural tube defects). This may be accomplished by the daily intake of at least 400 micrograms of folic acid. Genetic screening may be recommended based on ethnicity.