To extend the proposed models to consider the restoration of power grid components in addition to the initial mitigation decisions, we can introduce a second stage in the optimization models. The first stage would focus on the deployment of flood mitigation measures to protect electrical substations, similar to the current setup. The second stage would then address the restoration of any components that were damaged or affected by the hurricane.
In the second stage, decision variables could be introduced to represent the restoration actions, such as repairing damaged substations, re-energizing transmission lines, and bringing generators back online. These decisions would need to consider the availability of resources, time constraints, and the interdependencies between different components of the power grid. The objective function in the second stage could aim to minimize the time taken to restore full functionality to the power grid while considering the costs associated with the restoration efforts.
By incorporating a two-stage approach that includes both mitigation and restoration decisions, the models would provide a more comprehensive framework for addressing the challenges posed by hurricane events on the power grid. This extension would allow for a more holistic and effective decision-making process in ensuring the resilience and reliability of the power system in the face of natural disasters.