Maybe. I have never tried it. I always use the oven, as these are "baked" beans, after all :) This recipe may work in a slow cooker or Instant Pot, but you might be better to seek out a recipe specifically developed for the slow cooker or Instant Pot. If you are looking to free up oven space, consider doing the baked beans ahead. They keep well in the fridge and re-heat nicely. Also, as these beans bake at 325F, you can bake them alongside a ham, for example, that can cook at the same temperature.