Disqualified team members must leave the playing, bench, warmup, and spectator zones for the duration of the contest, according to volleyball regulations. Only the first referee may utilize the USAV regulations for playing volleyball state cards. Both officials are carrying cards. Cards are used by umpires to signify to the referee that a sanction is required. The penalty for a violation is indicated on the card. The following actions will result in a player being disqualified: hitting the ball with an illegal hand or arm motion; picking up the ball with an illegal hand or arm motion; touching the ball with an illegal hand or arm motion; blocking the ball with an illegal hand or arm motion; jumping with a raised foot (unless it is the defender who has been called for a jump ball); arguing with an official; refusing to leave the court after being disqualified; and, failing to remain at least 15 feet away from the net during the changeover period. The following actions will result in a player being penalized: showing dissent by shouting "out" or making any other audible signal with your mouth while the opposing team is serving; distracting the server by talking to him/her between serves; whispering words into the ear of a player who is taking a break; and, pointing fingers toward an opponent, including at his/her face, chest, or crotch area. Penalties are issued by the referee and include warnings and points deducted from the score of the offending team. A player can also be disqualified for repeated violations of the rules.