Nodejs development basics encompass its role as a runtime environment for executing JS on the server side. It employs a non-blocking, event-driven architecture that enhances scalability and efficiency. Key components include modules, which are reusable code blocks, and the Node Package Manager (npm) for managing third-party libraries. Node.js facilitates building web servers, APIs, and real-time applications. With its strong community support and vast package ecosystem, Node.js is a versatile tool for modern web development.