The Department of Labor and the courts interpret "protected activity" broadly. "Protected activity" describes the actions an employee can take, and be protected by the law from retaliation. For example, if you call the Department of Transportation (USDOT) about a safety violation, that is protected activity, even if your complaint was later found to be in error. Most STAA cases involve refusals to drive when the driver is tired or the load is unsafe. Here are some examples of activities protected under the STAA, although it is not a complete list of all of the possible types of activities protected under the STAA: Making a complaint to the USDOT about violations, or possible violations, of commercial vehicle safety regulations. Making a complaint to your employer about violations, or possible violations, of commercial vehicle safety regulations. Testifying at a union grievance hearing or arbitration hearing where the subject of the hearing involves violations, or possible violations, of commercial vehicle safety regulations. Refusing to drive a commercial vehicle when impaired due to illness or fatigue. Refusing to drive a vehicle that exceeds highway weight restrictions. Refusing to violate hours-of-service regulations. Refusing to drive a vehicle with defective lamps, leaky exhaust systems, inadequate brake pressure or adjustment. Refusing to violate speed limits. Refusing to drive in hazardous weather. Insisting on thoroughly inspecting equipment to make sure it is safe to operate. Refusing to falsify a log book. These protections are sometimes classified into three types of cases: (1) whistleblowers who have reported violations or participated in proceedings, (2) refusals to drive to avoid a violation, and (3) refusals to drive for fear of injury.