“Follow Through” and “Overlapping Action” are subtle yet crucial techniques in animation. “Follow Through” involves certain parts of a character continuing to move after the character stops, mimicking real-world physics. For example, when a character stops running, their clothes and hair may keep moving forward due to inertia. “Overlapping Action” means offsetting movements that happen simultaneously but start at different times. For instance, when an animated bird flies, the wing motion lags slightly behind the body, adding fluidity and complexity to the animation. Mastery of these techniques enhances viewer immersion and emotional engagement with animated scenes, making them essential for serious animators.