A BEV (Battery Electric Vehicle) relies solely on a battery and an electric motor for power, with no secondary propulsion system. A PHEV (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle) combines a battery-powered electric motor with an internal combustion engine (ICE). PHEVs can be charged externally and operate in both electric and hybrid modes. An HEV (Hybrid Electric Vehicle) also has both a battery-powered electric motor and an ICE, but cannot be charged externally, relying on regenerative braking and the ICE for battery charging.