There are two different types of properties in Google Search Console: a domain property and a prefix property. A domain property lets you look at every variation of the domain where a prefix property only lets you view certain parts of the domain.
Let's take elementive.com as an example. If we create a domain property for elementive.com, we could see activity related to all the variations of that domain name, such as https://www.elementive.com, https://elementive.com, or https://subdomain.elementive.com.
However, if we created a prefix property of https://www.elementive.com, we could only view activity for https://www.elementive.com and not view activity for other variations, like https://subdomain.elementive.com. Viewing activity for just https://subdomain.elementive.com, would require creating a prefix property specifically for that subdomain.