Individuals can adjust their nutrient intake based on personal calorie needs by understanding the concept of Daily Values (DVs) and Percent Daily Value (%DV). DVs are recommended amounts of nutrients to consume each day, with %DV indicating how much a serving contributes to these values. By knowing their daily caloric requirements and comparing it to the standard 2,000 calorie diet used for DV calculations, individuals can adjust their intake accordingly. For example, if someone requires more calories due to higher activity levels, they may need to increase certain nutrients like protein or carbohydrates. Conversely, those with lower calorie needs should be mindful of not exceeding certain nutrients like fats or sugars.