In the medieval and early / high Renaissance period, the unicorn held significant symbolic meaning. It was a creature deeply rooted in mythology, folklore, Christian allegory and its symbolism evolved over time.
Here are some key interpretations of the unicorn symbol during the medieval or early / high Renaissance period:
Purity and Virginity: The unicorn was often associated with purity and virginity. It was believed that only a pure and virtuous maiden could tame or capture a unicorn. In Christian symbolism, the unicorn came to represent Christ and his incarnation, with the unicorn's horn representing the unity of divine and human nature.
Christ and Redemption: The unicorn was sometimes seen as a Christological symbol. Its capture and sacrifice were interpreted as parallels to the crucifixion of Christ and his redemptive sacrifice for humanity's sins. The unicorn's death and subsequent resurrection were associated with Christ's resurrection and the promise of salvation.
Chastity and Spiritual Love: The unicorn's association with purity also extended to concepts of chastity and spiritual love. Its presence in artwork and literature often conveyed the ideal of courtly love and the pursuit of a noble and unattainable beloved.
Heraldic Symbolism: The unicorn frequently appeared in heraldry, serving as a symbol of strength, courage and nobility. It was often depicted as a fierce and powerful creature, emphasizing its role as a prestigious emblem for knights and noble families.
Unattainable and Elusive Desires: The unicorn was seen as a symbol of the unattainable and the pursuit of desires that were difficult to achieve. It embodied the longing for something extraordinary, magical, or elusive and the quest to capture or possess it.