The Lithuanian territory is characterised by two types of forest biomes – broadleaved and mixed forests and boreal forests, the boundary of which is relatively defined by the edge of the Carpinus betulus distribution. Lithuania’s geographical position thus means that the vegetation of the region is characterised by transitional features, with combinations of different species that are not always clearly ecologically or phytogeographically related. In addition, the diversity of forest communities is particularly shaped by human activities. Traditionally, vegetation data have been collected in so-called representative communities, bypassing damaged and disturbed communities. Therefore, the aggregation of data collected in this way does not always reflect the actual state of the vegetation. This study would aim to reassess the state of forest vegetation and how it has changed over the last few decades: to identify which changes in communities may have been caused by  (1) geographical factors, (2) human activity related to forest use, and which have been caused by (3) a changing climate. Data would be collected on transects reflecting use, biogeographical and climatic gradients. Vegetation-plot sites would be selected based on historical data stored in the Lithuania vegetation database (EU-LT-001). Such knowledge would make a significant contribution to a re-survey of European vegetation, aiming to distinguish between long-term and random patterns of vegetation dynamics, to scientifically justify the practical aspects of the nature restoration strategy.