Chondrus crispus, also known as red algae, is a rich source of many nutrients for skin, including the pigment beta-carotene and potent antioxidants zeaxanthin, lutein, which help protect skin from environmental stressors. Of course, the antioxidants in red algae have wider-reaching benefits, too; such as nice film-forming to protect the skin from aggressors, skin smoothing and moisturising properties.​ It is the natural polysaccharides, peptides, and amino acids in this red algae that support the skin and shield the skin from damaging airborne pollutants. Chondrus crispus has biomimetic properties between skin proteins and carrageenans. It has a very long-lasting action and can form a “second skin” like a veil over your skin to defence it against environmental stressors. Finally, it also gives a “slow-release” effect to oil-loving active ingredients and measurably reduces trans-epidermal water loss (basically it moisturises the skin). Found in:  Everyday Day Cream  Research: Cosmetics, October 2018, ePublication; and February 2018, ePublication Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports, December 2015, pages 52-58 Scientific Reports, July 2015, ePublication Applied and Environmental Microbiology, December 2013, pages 7,343–7,350