As technology evolves, telecommunication engineering continually evolves to integrate emerging trends. The deployment of 5G technology, with its promise of unparalleled data rates and minimal latency, is poised to reshape communication landscapes. Simultaneously, the proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices necessitates innovative strategies for connectivity, while concepts like software-defined networking (SDN) and network function virtualization (NFV) transform traditional network management paradigms. Moreover, the fusion of artificial intelligence and machine learning into communication systems enhances their adaptability and efficiency.