There are several possible outcomes for a defendant who is successful in appealing an adverse decision. In civil cases, the result is almost always a new trial subject to correction of the error(s) which led to original decision being reversed or vacated. This can happen in criminal cases as well. Additionally, in criminal matters the case can be remanded (sent back) for the trial court to consider specific issues, for resentencing or for a party to put on evidence which was not previously on the record. In some situations, a criminal conviction can be vacated (thrown out), though this is rare.