(i) Single-Threaded: All non-I/O activity in a Node.js process takes place in a single thread. (ii) Event Loop: Based on libuv, the Event loop manages the processing and queuing of asynchronously occurring events. (iii) Non-blocking I/O: Although the event loop is a single-threaded mechanism, the long-running operations (like data access and network I/O) always work synchronously on top of worker threads that return outcomes to the event loop thread through callbacks. (iv)Front-End Development: It is the subset of a program that the user observes and interacts with. (v) Back-End Development: It deals with database interaction and server-side programming to let frontend applications retrieve data.