Vertigo can have several root causes, including: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV): Displacement of tiny calcium crystals in the inner ear. Ménière's disease: A disorder of the inner ear characterized by episodes of vertigo, hearing loss, tinnitus, and a feeling of fullness in the ear. Vestibular neuritis: Inflammation of the vestibular nerve, usually caused by a viral infection. Labyrinthitis: Inflammation of the inner ear structures, often due to viral or bacterial infections. Migraine-associated vertigo: Episodes of vertigo that occur with or without a headache, often associated with migraines. Medications or side effects: Certain medications or drug interactions can cause dizziness or vertigo as a side effect. Other potential causes: Stroke, brain tumors, multiple sclerosis, or head injuries can also lead to vertigo, although these causes are less common. Determining the root cause requires a thorough evaluation by a healthcare professional, typically an ENT specialist or neurologist.