Epifanio San Juan, Jr. and Maranan Established literary critique methodologies demonstrate that Filipino writers employ English for two primary reasons: to represent realities that are beyond the lexical capacities of Tagalog, and to capitalize on the melodic aspects of the foreign language. Filipino writers have used English to express ideas and emotions that could not be conveyed in Tagalog because of its limitations as a language. For example, Filipino does not have any word for "love" so writers have used an English translation (i.e., "kagalaran") instead. Also, the Filipino language lacks the necessary consonant sounds required to produce some musical notes, so writers have used English to capitalize on its melodic qualities. For instance, E. San Juan wrote poems using assonance (the repetition of sound patterns without meaning) because Tagalog has no vowels that sound like the English words "noise" or "voice". Thus, Epifanio San Juan was able to express these ideas through rhythmic variations of consonants in his poems. Similarly, F. Montero used alliteration (the repeated application of initial letters) to create aesthetic effects in her writings. Writers have also employed English to attract readers who may not have understood Tagalog. For example, M. Established that Philippine literature is popularized through newspapers and magazines which usually use easy-to-read translations of authors' works.