Salmonella are bacteria found in the intestines of many animals especially reptiles. The bacteria can spread from carrier animals to cause illness in people. Although Salmonella infection in people usually causes a relatively short term illness with diarrhoea, fever, vomiting and abdominal pain, more severe illness requiring hospitalisation can occur. Babies and children under 5 years old are more likely to develop serious illness. Most reptiles carry Salmonella in their intestines and shed bacteria in their droppings. These bacteria can then quickly spread over the vivarium, particularly in water baths and onto the reptile’s skin. Any surface or object that the reptile comes into contact with can be contaminated with Salmonella – including your hands.