The term UX was first coined in the 1990s by Dr. Donald Norman, an electrical engineer and cognitive scientist at Apple. A pioneer of user-centered design, Norman emphasized the importance of designing based on the needs and goals of the end user. In doing so, he introduced the term user experience, which, in Norman's own words, is meant to encompass all aspects of a person's experience with a system, from the materials used to the interaction itself physical or digital, along with the interface, graphics, and orientation.