No, both are different! Although both are cytotoxic, i.e., they are both harmful to living cells, but they have certain dissimilarities.
Differences between Betadine and Hydrogen peroxide.
Betadine is a stable disinfectant, while hydrogen peroxide is more potent and unstable. Betadine is better used on open wounds, while hydrogen peroxide is better used on a dried wound. Hydrogen peroxide can affect the skin if used excessively; Betadine doesn’t affect the skin. Betadine can kill bacteria present in wounds, but hydrogen peroxide is better at irrigating wounds.