Typically, working dogs, herding dogs, and highly active dogs need the most exercise. This is because it is in their genetics to be more active in comparison to other dogs.
Malamutes and Huskies are two breeds of dogs that need a high amount of exercise. This is because they were bred initially to pull sleds. Given this, they are particularly strong, and need long exercises.
Collies are another breed which require a lot of exercise as they are herding breeds, they are used to a lot of daily exercise. Other breeds such as terriers, spaniels, and hounds also require a lot more exercise compared to other breeds.
Before purchasing a dog, you should always ensure that you are able to commit to the amount of exercise that they need, especially if you are considering a dog that requires more exercise than most.
In addition to walking, agility exercises, allowing your dog to run in a safe enclosed space, and fetch are great forms of exercise too. These will help to keep an active dog healthy, and will also stimulate them mentally too.