Earthquakes are measured using instruments called seismometers, which detect and record the vibrations caused by seismic waves. The strength or magnitude of an earthquake is commonly measured on the Richter scale or the moment magnitude scale (Mw), which quantifies the energy released at the source of the earthquake. Additionally, earthquakes are classified based on their intensity, which reflects the effects of the earthquake at specific locations. The Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) scale is often used for this purpose, ranging from I (not felt) to XII (total destruction). By analyzing both magnitude and intensity, scientists can better understand the potential impact of an earthquake on communities and infrastructure.