The Surface Dock 2 is designed specifically for Microsoft Surface devices and can support up to three external monitors plus the Surface device. The Thunderbolt 4 Docking Station, on the other hand, is a versatile docking solution that works with various devices, including Microsoft Surface, and can support up to two additional monitors plus the Surface device. Additionally, the Thunderbolt 4 Docking Station offers a 2.5-gigabit Ethernet port, as opposed to 1-gigabit on the Surface Dock 2, and a USB-C Thunderbolt port on the front of the dock.