Due process requires that laws imposing criminal penalties must give individuals notice of the conduct that is criminalized and a reasonable opportunity to comply. Additionally, for certain passive violations where the individual may not be aware of the requirement, the law must either incorporate an element of willfulness or ensure an individual had an opportunity to become aware of the legal obligation.
For example: A law that imposes fines for not securing building permits must make information about permit requirements accessible and provide warnings before penalizing non-compliance.