Germall PLUS is an ideal preservative system for shampoos, hair conditioners and emulsion products. Germall PLUS minimizes the problems associated with incorporating solid parabens. It dissolves completely in cosmetic formulations at a 1.0% concentration over a wide pH range. It can be conveniently incorporated into cold processed shampoos and into creams and lotions during their manufacture. The preferred method of addition of Germall PLUS is to add it slowly to the product with good stirring just prior to the addition of the fragrance. The broad spectrum of activity obtained by the combination of Germall PLUS with methylparaben and propylparaben provides the protection necessary for sophisticated personal care products. Germall PLUS is recommended to be used at a level of up to 1.0%. This level provides to the product: 0.30% Germall II, 0.11% methylparaben, 0.03% propylparaben and 0.56% propylene glycol. Shampoos and liquids generally require less than 1.0% Germaben II. Although Germaben II provides excellent preservation, every developed or modified product should be challenge tested to assure preservative efficacy. Germaben II is a clear viscous liquid with a characteristic mild odor. It is readily soluble at a level of 1.0% in both aqueous solutions and oil/water emulsions. Germaben II can be used without additional co-preservatives and is compatible with essentially all cosmetic ingredients, including surfactants and proteins.