mteb/BrightProStackoverflowRetrieval huggingface dataset:
nt sale being identified by its
SalesOrderNumber and SalesOrderLineNumber. Without MATCHBY, the query would
return an error since there are no key columns in FactInternetSales table.

##  Example 4 - visual calculation

The following visual calculation DAX query:

    
    
    SalesRelativeToPreviousMonth = [SalesAmount] - CALCULATE(SUM([SalesAmount]), OFFSET(-1, ROWS, HIGHESTPARENT))
    

Returns the difference in total sales between each month and the previous one
within the same year.

The screenshot below shows the visual matrix and the visual calculation
expression:

![DAX visual calculation](media/dax-queries/dax-visualcalc-offset.png)

##  Related content

[ INDEX ](index-function-dax)  
[ ORDERBY ](orderby-function-dax)  
[ PARTITIONBY ](partitionby-function-dax)  
[ MATCHBY ](matchby-function-dax)  
[ WINDOW ](window-function-dax)  
[ RANK ](rank-function-dax)  
[ ROWNUMBER ](rownumber-function-dax)

* * *

##  Feedback

Was this page helpful?

Yes  No

##  Feedback

Coming soon: Throughout 2024 we will be phasing out GitHub Issues as the
feedback mechanism for content and replacing it with a new feedback system.
For more information see: [ https://aka.ms/ContentUserFeedback
](https://aka.ms/ContentUserFeedback) .

Submit and view feedback for

This page

[ View all page feedback  ](https://github.com//issues)

* * *

##  Additional resources

[ California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) Opt-Out Icon  Your Privacy Choices
](https://aka.ms/yourcaliforniaprivacychoices)

Theme

  * Light 
  * Dark 
  * High contrast 

  *   * [ Previous Versions ](/en-us/previous-versions/)
  * [ Blog ](https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/microsoft-learn-blog/bg-p/MicrosoftLearnBlog)
  * [ Contribute ](/en-us/contribute/)
  * [ Privacy ](https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=521839)
  * [ Terms of Use ](/en-us/legal/termsofuse)
  * [ Trademarks ](https://www.microsoft.com/legal/intellectualproperty/Trademarks/)
  * © Microsoft 2024 

##  Additional resources

###  In this article

[ California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) Opt-Out Icon  Your Privacy Choices
](https://aka.ms/yourcaliforniaprivacychoices)

Theme

  * Light 
  * Dark 
  * High contrast 

  *   * [ Previous Versions ](/en-us/previous-versions/)
  * [ Blog ](https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/microsoft-learn-blog/bg-p/MicrosoftLearnBlog)
  * [ Contribute ](/en-us/contribute/)
  * [ Privacy ](https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=521839)
  * [ Terms of Use ](/en-us/legal/termsofuse)
  * [ Trademarks ](https://www.microsoft.com/legal/intellectualproperty/Trademarks/)
  * © Microsoft 2024
ed above.

**[Value]**  
---  
776  
  
* * *

##  Feedback

Was this page helpful?

Yes  No

##  Feedback

Coming soon: Throughout 2024 we will be phasing out GitHub Issues as the
feedback mechanism for content and replacing it with a new feedback system.
For more information see: [ https://aka.ms/ContentUserFeedback
](https://aka.ms/ContentUserFeedback) .

Submit and view feedback for

This page

[ View all page feedback  ](https://github.com//issues)

* * *

##  Additional resources

[ California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) Opt-Out Icon  Your Privacy Choices
](https://aka.ms/yourcaliforniaprivacychoices)

Theme

  * Light 
  * Dark 
  * High contrast 

  *   * [ Previous Versions ](/en-us/previous-versions/)
  * [ Blog ](https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/microsoft-learn-blog/bg-p/MicrosoftLearnBlog)
  * [ Contribute ](/en-us/contribute/)
  * [ Privacy ](https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=521839)
  * [ Terms of Use ](/en-us/legal/termsofuse)
  * [ Trademarks ](https://www.microsoft.com/legal/intellectualproperty/Trademarks/)
  * © Microsoft 2024 

##  Additional resources

###  In this article

[ California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) Opt-Out Icon  Your Privacy Choices
](https://aka.ms/yourcaliforniaprivacychoices)

Theme

  * Light 
  * Dark 
  * High contrast 

  *   * [ Previous Versions ](/en-us/previous-versions/)
  * [ Blog ](https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/microsoft-learn-blog/bg-p/MicrosoftLearnBlog)
  * [ Contribute ](/en-us/contribute/)
  * [ Privacy ](https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=521839)
  * [ Terms of Use ](/en-us/legal/termsofuse)
  * [ Trademarks ](https://www.microsoft.com/legal/intellectualproperty/Trademarks/)
  * © Microsoft 2024
* [ Code  ](/python-pillow/Pillow)
* [ Issues  ](/python-pillow/Pillow/issues)
* [ Pull requests  ](/python-pillow/Pillow/pulls)
* [ Discussions  ](/python-pillow/Pillow/discussions)
* [ Actions  ](/python-pillow/Pillow/actions)
* [ Projects  ](/python-pillow/Pillow/projects)
* [ Wiki  ](/python-pillow/Pillow/wiki)
* [ Security  ](/python-pillow/Pillow/security)
* [ Insights  ](/python-pillow/Pillow/pulse)
* [ Code  ](/python-pillow/Pillow)
* [ Issues  75  ](/python-pillow/Pillow/issues)
* [ Pull requests  40  ](/python-pillow/Pillow/pulls)
* [ Discussions  ](/python-pillow/Pillow/discussions)
* [ Actions  ](/python-pillow/Pillow/actions)
* [ Projects  1  ](/python-pillow/Pillow/projects)
* [ Wiki  ](/python-pillow/Pillow/wiki)
* [ Security  ](/python-pillow/Pillow/security)
* [ Insights  ](/python-pillow/Pillow/pulse)
* [ NLP Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/natural_language_processing/index.htm "NLP Tutorial")
* [ NumPy Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/numpy/index.htm "NumPy Tutorial")
* [ Python Pandas Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/python_pandas/index.htm "Python Pandas Tutorial")
* [ Machine Learning Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/machine_learning/index.htm "Machine Learning Tutorial")
* [ Big Data Analytics Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/big_data_analytics/index.htm "Big Data Analytics Tutorial")
* [ Cryptography Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/cryptography/index.htm "Cryptography Tutorial")
* [ Power BI Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/power_bi/index.htm "Power BI Tutorial")
* [ Python  ](/python/index.htm)
* [ NumPy  ](/numpy/index.htm)
* [ Pandas  ](/python_pandas/index.htm)
* [ Matplotlib  ](/matplotlib/index.htm)
* [ Django  ](/django/index.htm)
* [ PyQt  ](/pyqt/index.htm)
* [ PyCharm  ](/pycharm/index.htm)
* [ Pillow  ](/python_pillow/index.htm)
* [ OpenCV  ](/opencv/index.htm)
* [ Seaborn  ](/seaborn/index.htm)
* [ ML with Python  ](/machine_learning_with_python/index.htm)
* [ SciPy  ](/scipy/index.htm)
* [ See all __ ](/python_technologies_tutorials.htm)
* Navigate
* [ __ 25.8 — Virtual base classes  ](https://www.learncpp.com/cpp-tutorial/virtual-base-classes/)
* [ __ Table of contents  ](/)
* [ __ 25.6 — The virtual table  ](https://www.learncpp.com/cpp-tutorial/the-virtual-table/)
* [ __ Site Index  ](https://www.learncpp.com/learn-cpp-site-index/)
* [ __ Latest Changes  ](https://www.learncpp.com/latest-changes/)
* [ About  ](https://www.learncpp.com/about/)
* [ __ Site FAQ  ](/cpp-tutorial/introduction-to-these-tutorials#FAQ)
* [ __ Leave feedback  ](https://www.learncpp.com/leave-feedback-report-issue/)
* [ __ Report an issue  ](https://www.learncpp.com/leave-feedback-report-issue/)
* [ __ Contact / Support  ](https://www.learncpp.com/about/)
* [ __ Donate  ](https://www.learncpp.com/about/)
* [ __ ](https://darkreader.org/ "LearnCPP doesn’t have a native dark mode, but this link will take you to a browser plugin that will let you make any web page dark.")
* [ __ Search  ]() Search for:  Search  __
* [ Business Analytics Certification ](	https://www.tutorialspoint.com/certification/business-analytics-certification-2023/index.asp "Business Analytics Certification")
* [ Java & Spring Boot Advanced Certification ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/certification/ultimate-guide-to-java-and-spring-boot-for-2022/index.asp "Java & Spring Boot Advanced Certification")
* [ Data Science Advanced Certification ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/certification/all-in-one-data-science-guide-for-2022/index.asp "Data Science Advanced Certification")
* [ Advanced Certification In Cloud Computing And DevOps ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/certification/cloud-computing-and-devops-advanced-certification/index.asp "Advanced Certification In Cloud Computing And DevOps")
* [ Advanced Certification In Business Analytics ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/certification/advanced-certification-in-business-analytics/index.asp "Advanced Certification In Business Analytics")
* [ Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Certification ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/certification/artificial-intelligence-and-machine-learning-certification/index.asp "Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Certification")
* [ DevOps Certification ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/certification/devops-certification/index.asp "DevOps Certification")
* [ Online Java Compiler ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/java/online-java-compiler.php "Online Java Compiler")
* [ Online C Compiler ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/compile_c_online.php "Online C Compiler")
* [ Online C++ Compiler ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/compile_cpp_online.php "Online C++ Compiler")
* [ Online C# Compiler ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/compile_csharp_online.php "Online C# Compiler")
* [ Online Php Compiler ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/execute_php_online.php "Online Php Compiler")
* [ Online Matlab Compiler ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/execute_matlab_online.php "Online Matlab Compiler")
* [ Online Bash Compiler ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/execute_bash_online.php "Online Bash Compiler")
* [ JavaScript Certification ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/certification/java-prime-pack/index.asp "JavaScript Certification")
* [ Apache Spark Certification ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/certification/apache-prime-pack/index.asp "Apache Spark Certification")
* [ Advanced Python Certification ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/certification/python-developer-s-guide-for-2022/index.asp "Advanced Python Certification")
* [ Back-End Developer Certification ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/certification/backend-developer-certification/index.asp "Back-End Developer Certification")
* [ Front-End Developer Certification ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/certification/frontend-developer-certification/index.asp "Front-End Developer Certification")
* [ Web Developer Advanced Certification ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/certification/web-developer-guide-for-2022/index.asp "Web Developer Advanced Certification")
* [ Linux System Administrator Certification ](	https://www.tutorialspoint.com/certification/linux-system-administrator-certification/index.asp "Linux System Administrator Certification")
* [ Automation Testing Certification Training ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/certification/automation-testing-certification-training/index.asp "Automation Testing Certification Training")
* [ Home ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/index.htm)
* [ Coding Ground ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/codingground.htm)
* [ Jobs ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/job_search.php)
* [ Whiteboard ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/whiteboard.htm)
* [ Tools ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/online_dev_tools.htm)
lly-
qualified type or member name.

    
    
    '{0}' is for evaluation purposes only and is subject to change or removal in future updates.
    

The attribute is not inherited from base types or overridden members.

##  ObsoleteAttribute and DeprecatedAttribute

Warnings for ` [Experimental] ` are reported within ` [Obsolete] ` or `
[Deprecated] ` members.  
Warnings and errors for ` [Obsolete] ` and ` [Deprecated] ` are reported
inside ` [Experimental] ` members.  
But warnings and errors for ` [Obsolete] ` and ` [Deprecated] ` are reported
instead of ` [Experimental] ` if there are multiple attributes.

Collaborate with us on GitHub

The source for this content can be found on GitHub, where you can also create
and review issues and pull requests. For more information, see [ our
contributor guide
](https://learn.microsoft.com/contribute/content/dotnet/dotnet-contribute) .

![](https://learn.microsoft.com/media/logos/logo_net.svg)
![](https://learn.microsoft.com/media/logos/logo_net.svg)

C# feature specifications

[ Open a documentation issue  ]() [ Provide product feedback
](https://aka.ms/feedback/report?space=61)

##  Feedback

Coming soon: Throughout 2024 we will be phasing out GitHub Issues as the
feedback mechanism for content and replacing it with a new feedback system.
For more information see: [ https://aka.ms/ContentUserFeedback
](https://aka.ms/ContentUserFeedback) .

Submit and view feedback for

[ This product  ](https://aka.ms/feedback/report?space=61) This page

[ View all page feedback  ](https://github.com/dotnet/docs/issues)

* * *

##  Additional resources

[ California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) Opt-Out Icon  Your Privacy Choices
](https://aka.ms/yourcaliforniaprivacychoices)

Theme

  * Light 
  * Dark 
  * High contrast 

  *   * [ Previous Versions ](/en-us/previous-versions/)
  * [ Blog ](https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/microsoft-learn-blog/bg-p/MicrosoftLearnBlog)
  * [ Contribute ](/en-us/contribute/)
  * [ Privacy ](https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=521839)
  * [ Terms of Use ](/en-us/legal/termsofuse)
  * [ Trademarks ](https://www.microsoft.com/legal/intellectualproperty/Trademarks/)
  * © Microsoft 2024 

##  Additional resources
* [ Python  ](/python/index.htm)
* [ Java  ](/java/index.htm)
* [ C++  ](/cplusplus/index.htm)
* [ C  ](/cprogramming/index.htm)
* [ PHP  ](/php/index.htm)
* [ Go  ](/go/index.htm)
* [ Kotlin  ](/kotlin/index.htm)
* [ R  ](/r/index.htm)
* [ ASP.Net  ](/asp.net/index.htm)
* [ C#.Net  ](/csharp/index.htm)
* [ VB.Net  ](/vb.net/index.htm)
* [ Scala  ](/scala/index.htm)
* [ Swift  ](/swift/index.htm)
* [ Perl  ](/perl/index.htm)
* [ Ruby  ](/ruby/index.htm)
* [ Rust  ](/rust/index.htm)
* [ Lua  ](/lua/index.htm)
* [ See all __ ](/computer_programming_tutorials.htm)
* [ Computer Fundamentals  ](/computer_fundamentals/index.htm)
* [ Operating System  ](/operating_system/index.htm)
* [ DBMS  ](/dbms/index.htm)
* [ DSA  ](/data_structures_algorithms/index.htm)
* [ Computer Networks  ](/data_communication_computer_network/index.htm)
* [ Software Engineering  ](/software_engineering/index.htm)
* [ Computer Graphics  ](/computer_graphics/index.htm)
* [ Data Mining  ](/data_mining/index.htm)
* [ Digital Marketing  ](/digital_marketing/index.htm)
* [ SEO  ](/seo/index.htm)
* [ Digital Circuits  ](/digital_circuits/index.htm)
* [ Desecrate Mathematics  ](/discrete_mathematics/index.htm)
* [ Cryptography  ](/cryptography/index.htm)
* [ Cloud Computing  ](/cloud_computing/index.htm)
* [ Compiler Design  ](/compiler_design/index.htm)
* [ Embedded Systems  ](/embedded_systems/index.htm)
* [ Microprocessors  ](/microprocessor/index.htm)
* [ See all __ ](/computer_science_tutorials.htm)
* [ Game Development Certification ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/certification/game-development-prime-pack/index.asp "Game Development Certification")
* [ Front-End Developer Certification ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/certification/frontend-developer-certification/index.asp "Front-End Developer Certification")
* [ AWS Certification Training ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/certification/aws-prime-pack/index.asp "AWS Certification Training")
* [ Python Programming Certification ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/certification/complete-python-prime-pack/index.asp "Python Programming Certification")
* [ Generative AI Certification ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/certification/generative-ai-certification/index.asp "Generative AI Certification")
* [ Microsoft Excel Certification Training ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/certification/microsoft-excel-certification-training/index.asp "Microsoft Excel Certification Training")
* [ Java Certification ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/certification/java-prime-pack/index.asp "Java Certification")
* [ Cyber Security Certification ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/certification/cyber-security-certification/index.asp "Cyber Security Certification")
* [ Coding For Beginners Certification ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/certification/all-in-one-coding-certification/index.asp "Coding For Beginners Certification")
* [ Deutsch ](http://de.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/virtual "cpp/language/virtual")
* [ Español ](http://es.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/virtual "cpp/language/virtual")
* [ Français ](http://fr.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/virtual "cpp/language/virtual")
* [ Italiano ](http://it.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/virtual "cpp/language/virtual")
* [ 日本語 ](http://ja.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/virtual "cpp/language/virtual")
* [ Português ](http://pt.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/virtual "cpp/language/virtual")
* [ Русский ](http://ru.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/virtual "cpp/language/virtual")
* [ 中文 ](http://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/virtual "cpp/language/virtual")
* [ HTML Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/index.htm "HTML")
* [ CSS Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/css/index.htm "CSS")
* [ JavaScript Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/javascript/index.htm "JavaScript")
* [ ReactJS Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/reactjs/index.htm "ReactJS Tutorial")
* [ Bootstrap Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/bootstrap/index.htm "Bootstrap Tutorial")
* [ AngularJS Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/angularjs/index.htm "AngularJS Tutorial")
* [ Node.js Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/nodejs/index.htm "Node.js")
* [ TypeScript Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/typescript/index.htm "TypeScript Tutorial")
* [ HTML  ](/html/index.htm)
* [ CSS  ](/css/index.htm)
* [ JavaScript  ](/javascript/index.htm)
* [ jQuery  ](/jquery/index.htm)
* [ ReactJs  ](/reactjs/index.htm)
* [ NodeJs  ](/nodejs/index.htm)
* [ Wordpress  ](/wordpress/index.htm)
* [ AngularJs  ](/angularjs/index.htm)
* [ PHP  ](/php/index.htm)
* [ Django  ](/django/index.htm)
* [ JSON  ](/json/index.htm)
* [ Codeigniter  ](/codeigniter/index.htm)
* [ TypeScript  ](/typescript/index.htm)
* [ Ajax  ](/ajax/index.htm)
* [ Bootstrap  ](/bootstrap/index.htm)
* [ Sass  ](/sass/index.htm)
* [ AppML  ](/appml/index.htm)
* [ See all __ ](/web_development_tutorials.htm)
* [ DSA Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/data_structures_algorithms/index.htm "Data Structure Algorithms Tutorial")
* [ Spring Boot Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/spring_boot/index.htm "Spring Boot Tutorial")
* [ SDLC Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/sdlc/index.htm "SDLC Tutorial")
* [ Unix Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/unix/index.htm "Unix Tutorial")
* [ Operating System Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/operating_system/index.htm "Operating System Tutorial")
* [ Assembly Programming Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/assembly_programming/index.htm "Assembly Programming Tutorial")
* [ Digital Circuits Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/digital_circuits/index.htm "Digital Circuits Tutorial")
* [ Microprocessor Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/microprocessor/index.htm "Microprocessor Tutorial")
* [ System Analysis and Design Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/system_analysis_and_design/index.htm "System Analysis and Design Tutorial")
* [ Flutter Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/flutter/index.htm "Flutter Tutorial")
* [ Blockchain  ](/blockchain/index.htm "Blockchain")
* [ Information Security  ](/information_security_cyber_law/index.htm "Information Security")
* [ Computer Security  ](/computer_security/index.htm "Computer Security")
* [ Internet Security  ](/internet_security/index.htm "Internet Security")
* [ Network Security  ](/network_security/index.htm "Network Security")
* [ Wireless Security  ](/wireless_security/index.htm "Wireless Security")
* [ GIT  ](/git/index.htm)
* [ AWS  ](/amazon_web_services/index.htm)
* [ Docker  ](/docker/index.htm)
* [ Kubernetes  ](/kubernetes/index.htm)
* [ Azure  ](/microsoft_azure/index.htm)
* [ OpenShift  ](/openshift/index.htm)
* [ Jira  ](/jira/index.htm)
* [ Gerrit  ](/gerrit/index.htm)
* [ Ansible  ](/ansible/index.htm)
* [ Bugzilla  ](/bugzilla/index.htm)
* [ Chef  ](/chef/index.htm)
* [ Gitlab  ](/gitlab/index.htm)
* [ OpenShift  ](/openshift/index.htm)
* [ Puppet  ](/puppet/index.htm)
* [ UNIX  ](/unix/index.htm)
* [ Linux Admin  ](/linux_admin/index.htm)
* [ Ubuntu  ](/ubuntu/index.htm)
* [ See all __ ](/devops_tutorials.htm)
* [ HTML ](/html/index.htm "HTML Tutorial")
* [ CSS ](/css/index.htm "CSS Tutorial")
* [ Javascript ](/javascript/index.htm "JavaScript Tutorial")
* [ SQL ](/sql/index.htm "SQL Tutorial")
* [ Python ](/python/index.htm "Python Tutorial")
* [ Java ](/java/index.htm "Java Tutorial")
* [ C ](/cprogramming/index.htm "C Tutorial")
* [ C++ ](/cplusplus/index.htm "C++ Tutorial")
* [ PHP ](/php/index.htm "PHP Tutorial")
* [ Scala ](/scala/index.htm "Scala Tutorial")
* [ C# ](/csharp/index.htm "C# Tutorial")
* [ Node.js ](/nodejs/index.htm "Node.js Tutorial")
* [ MySQL ](/mysql/index.htm "MySQL")
* [ MongoDB ](/mongodb/index.htm "MongoDB Tutorial")
* [ PL/SQL ](/plsql/index.htm "PL/SQL Tutorial")
* [ Swift ](/swift/index.htm "Swift Tutorial")
* [ Bootstrap ](/bootstrap/index.htm "Bootstrap Tutorial")
* [ R ](/r/index.htm "R Programming")
* [ Machine Learning ](/machine_learning/index.htm "Machine Learning")
* [ Blockchain ](/blockchain/index.htm "Blockchain Tutorial")
* [ Angular ](/angular4/index.htm "Angular Tutorial")
* [ React Native ](/react_native/index.htm "React Native Tutorial")
* [ Computer Fundamentals ](/computer_fundamentals/index.htm "Computer Fundamentals Tutorial")
* [ Compiler Design ](/compiler_design/index.htm "Compiler Design Tutorial")
* [ Operating System ](/operating_system/index.htm "Operating System Tutorial")
* [ Data Structure and Algorithms ](/data_structures_algorithms/index.htm "Data Structure and Algorithms Tutorial")
* [ Computer Network ](/data_communication_computer_network/index.htm "Computer Network Tutorial")
* [ DBMS ](/dbms/index.htm "DBMS Tutorial")
* [ Excel ](/excel/index.htm "Excel Tutorial")
* [ SQL Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/sql/index.htm "SQL")
* [ MySQL Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/mysql/index.htm "MySQL Tutorial")
* [ DBMS Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/dbms/index.htm "DBMS")
* [ MongoDB Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/mongodb/index.htm "MongoDB")
* [ SQLite Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/sqlite/index.htm "SQLite Tutorial")
* [ PL/SQL Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/plsql/index.htm "PL/SQL Tutorial")
* [ PostgreSQL Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/postgresql/index.htm "PostgreSQL Tutorial")
* [ Excel Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/excel/index.htm "Excel Tutorial")
* [ Cloud Computing Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/cloud_computing/index.htm "Cloud Computing Tutorial")
* [ Amazon Web Services Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/amazon_web_services/index.htm "Amazon Web Services Tutorial")
* [ Microsoft Azure Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/microsoft_azure/index.htm "Microsoft Azure Tutorial")
* [ Git Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/git/index.htm "Git Tutorial")
* [ Ethical Hacking Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/ethical_hacking/index.htm "Ethical Hacking Tutorial")
* [ Docker Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/docker/index.htm "Docker Tutorial")
* [ Kubernetes Tutorial ](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/kubernetes/index.htm "Docker Tutorial")
* [ What links here ](/w/Special:WhatLinksHere/cpp/language/virtual "A list of all wiki pages that link here \[j\]")
* [ Related changes ](/w/Special:RecentChangesLinked/cpp/language/virtual "Recent changes in pages linked from this page \[k\]")
* [ Upload file ](http://upload.cppreference.com/w/Special:Upload "Upload files \[u\]")
* [ Special pages ](/w/Special:SpecialPages "A list of all special pages \[q\]")
* [ Printable version ](/mwiki/index.php?title=cpp/language/virtual&printable=yes "Printable version of this page \[p\]")
* [ Permanent link ](/mwiki/index.php?title=cpp/language/virtual&oldid=139982 "Permanent link to this revision of the page")
* [ Page information ](/mwiki/index.php?title=cpp/language/virtual&action=info)