mteb/BrightProPsychologyRetrieval huggingface dataset:
Richard Grenell  , the openly gay
U.S. Ambassador to Germany, led a single meeting on February 19, 2019, with 11
activists from different European countries; it appeared that no U.S.
individuals or groups were invited.  [587]  The Trump administration claimed
that this dinner party represented a new campaign to decriminalize
homosexuality worldwide.  [588]  However, the next day, the president seemed
unaware of it. (In the official White House transcript of that interview,
Trump asked the reporter to repeat the question, and finally responded, "I
don't know, uh, which report you're talking about. We have many reports.")
[589]  Grenell said the United States did not have a "new policy" but was
rather simply making a "new push"; this push consisted of asking for support
from European countries in treating U.S. economic aid to other countries as a
bargaining chip.  [590]
Previously, Bush said he supports states' rights when it came to marriage,
however, after the  Massachusetts 
Supreme Court decision in _ Goodridge v. Department of Public Health
 _ , Bush announced his support for a U.S. constitutional
amendment banning same-sex marriage on February 24, 2004.  [424]  Due to his
support of the  Federal Marriage Amendment  (FMA), the  Log Cabin Republicans
 declined to endorse the
reelection of  George W. Bush  in
2004  [380]  by a vote of 22–2.  [425]  The Palm Beach County chapter in
Florida did endorse him, resulting in the revocation of their charter.  [426]
On September 22, 2004, the Abe Lincoln Black Republican Caucus (ALBRC), a
group of young urban Black gay Republicans, voted in a special call meeting in
Dallas, Texas, to endorse President Bush for re-election.  [427]  In an
October president debate, Bush said he did not know whether homosexuality is a
choice or not.  [411]  In October 2004, Bush said that he supported allowing
the states to establish  civil unions  for
same-sex couples.  [428]
LGBT  |
However, this policy was declared unconstitutional in February 2023 in _ Tse
v Commissioner of Registration
") _ , in which the
Court of Final Appeal found that the requirement of full sex reassignment
surgery violated transgender persons' right to privacy under Article 14 of the
Bill of Rights. The government has yet to publish its new policy following the
apex court decision.
###   China ships a million bottles of melting Tibetan glacier water to
climate-threatened Maldives
*  [668]
*   American Samoa  ,  Navajo Nation  and  several other reservations
Hawaii voters approved  [ _ when?
 _ ]  a narrower 
constitutional amendment 
"Hawaii Constitutional Amendment 2 \(1998\)") empowering the legislature to
outlaw same-sex marriage, which they had already done in 1993.
Main article:  Intersex rights in the United States
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After becoming a controversy prior to the  1964 presidential election
 , the American Mental Health Foundation wrote a letter
to President Johnson protesting the "hysteria" surrounding the case:  [356]
Load more posts
In 2013, 52% of Republicans and GOP-leaning independents between the age of 18
and 49 years old supported same-sex marriage in a joint _Washington Post_ -ABC
News poll.  [628]  A 2014 Pew Forum Poll showed that American Muslims are more
likely than Evangelicals to support same-sex marriage 42% to 28%,  [629]  a
percentage that according to the  Public Religion Research Institute
 in 2018 rose to 51% and 34%.  [630]  According to  Pew Research
Center  in 2017, 
Millennials  and  Generation X
 , younger white  evangelicals
 born after 1964, have grown more
supportive in favor same-sex marriage, up to 47%.  [631]  A 2017 Pew Research
Center poll showed that 64% of  White Americans  , 60% of  Hispanic and Latino Americans
 and 51%
of  African Americans  support
the right for same-sex couples to marry.  [632]  Religious groups in support
of their LGBT parishioners and same-sex marriage include the  Episcopal
Church  "Episcopal Church \(United
States\)") , the  Evangelical Lutheran Church in America
 , the  Metropolitan Community Church
 , the 
Union for Reform Judaism  , the  Moravian Church  ,
the  Christian Church (Disciples of Christ)
 "Christian Church \(Disciples
of Christ\)") , the  Alliance of Baptists  , the  Baptist Joint Committee for Religious Liberty
 , the  Reformed Church in America
 , the 
United Church of Christ  , the  Presbyterian Church (USA) 
"Presbyterian Church \(USA\)") , and the  United Methodist Church
 .  [633]  [634]
The movement to obtain  civil marriage rights
 and benefits for
same-sex couples in the United States began in the 1970s but remained
unsuccessful for over forty years. On May 17, 2004,  Massachusetts
 became the first U.S. state and the sixth jurisdiction in the
world to legalize same-sex marriage following the  Supreme Judicial Court
 's decision six months earlier.  [38]  Before nationwide legalization,
same-sex marriage became legal in 36 states; twenty-four states by court
order, nine by legislative action, and three by  referendum
 . Some states had legalized same-sex marriage
by more than one of the three actions.
In March 1956, a  Federal District Court  ruled that _ONE: The Homosexual Magazine_ , was
obscene under the Federal  Comstock laws  and thus could not be sent through the United States Postal Service.
This ruling was upheld by the  9th Circuit Court of Appeals
 , but in
1958, the Supreme Court issued a landmark ruling in _ One, Inc. v. Olesen
 _ ,  355
  U.S.   371
 (1958), which
overturned the previous rulings under a new legal precedent that had been
established by the landmark case, _ Roth v. United States
 _ ,  354
  U.S.   476
 (1957). As a result,
gay newspapers, magazines and other publications could be lawfully distributed
through the public mail service. On May 22, 1967, the Supreme Court ruled in
_ Boutilier v. Immigration and Naturalization Service
 _ ,  387
  U.S.   118
 (1967), to uphold the
 Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952
 , which among other things banned homosexuals, as
constitutional. This ban remained in effect until 1991.  [323]
###   ‘Still in shock’: Why Macau horse racing is coming to an end
Hong Kong student jailed for 8 weeks after he withdrew TVB actor from organ
donor registry
|   /
 (States Civil Rights Commission
implicitly includes  sexuality  in housing
protections, but not state law, and there are no protections in public
accommodations)  |   /
 (States Civil Rights Commission
implicitly includes  gender identity  in housing protections, but not state law, and there are no
protections in public accommodations)
####  Keeping safe
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##  Transgender rights in the United States
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Map
of states that have **sexual orientation** and **gender identity**
discrimination prohibited in public and/or private employment via state
statute, executive order, regulation, and/or case law. Note: Employment
discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender identity is also
prohibited under federal law.
In November 2023, Russia's Supreme Court declared the "international LGBT
movement" an extremist organisation, following a Ministry of Justice lawsuit
citing "various signs of an extremist orientation." This decision raised
concerns for LGBTQ+ individuals and organisations in Russia, as it could lead
to criminal prosecution for simple acts like displaying the rainbow flag, and
was seen as part of President Putin's campaign to emphasize "Russian
traditional values." The ruling has been criticized by human rights groups,
including  Amnesty International  , as "shameful and absurd."  [164]
The  Stonewall Inn
 in the  gay village
 of  Greenwich Village
 ,  Manhattan
 ,
adorned with  rainbow flags  "Rainbow
flag \(LGBT movement\)") during a  pride 
event. The Inn was the site of the eponymous  Stonewall riots
 in June 1969: a series of events
which precipitated the modern  LGBT rights 
movement. Stonewall has since become an icon of  LGBT culture
 and  gay pride  in the United States.  [357]  [358]  [359]
However, an unequal  age of consent 
was established (21 for  gay men  and 16 for
heterosexuals) with the law remaining silent about lesbianism. LGBT rights
groups lobbied the  Legislative Council

to equalise the age of consent law, but were told by conservative lawmakers
that the legal inequality was necessary to protect youth and preserve
tradition. A lawsuit was initiated to challenge the unequal age of consent in
court.  [3]  [4]
States with limited
recognition  |
---
_-_All_Territorial_Disputes.svg)
 Status  |  _De jure_ legal for consenting men same-sex sexual activity
since 1993 but not criminalised for women.  [1]  "Promotion" of LGBT identity
illegal since 2013 (homosexuality) and 2022 (transidentity)
Penalty  |  In  Chechnya  : up to death since
2017  [note 1]
 Gender identity  |  Gender change
legal between 1997 and 2023, illegal afterwards
 Military  |  LGB people
can serve in the army, there are no restrictions.  [4]
 Discrimination protections  |  None
Family rights
 Recognition of relationships  |   No recognition of same-sex unions

Restrictions  |   Same-sex marriage  constitutionally banned since 2020  [note 2]
 Adoption  |  Allowed to adopt by a
single person  [note 3]
Part of  a series  on
---
 LGBT rights  

 Lesbian  ∙  Gay  ∙ 
Bisexual  ∙  Transgender
####  Birth certificates
*  Conditions and treatments  
*  Healthy living  
*  Services and support
Main article:  Legal status of gender-affirming healthcare § United States
In 2004, Carter came out for  civil unions  and stated that he "opposes all forms of discrimination on the basis
of  sexual orientation  and
believes there should be  equal protection  under the law for people who differ in sexual orientation".
[370]  In 2007, he called for ending the ban on  gays in the military
 .  [371]  In March 2012,
Jimmy Carter came out in favor of same sex marriage.  [372]
Mike Pence  opposed the expansion of LGBT
rights throughout his political career. In May 2016, as  Indiana
 governor, he said that states should dictate which
bathroom transgender students may use.  [601]  He said this in response to
direction given by the Obama administration to allow students nationwide to
use the bathroom corresponding to the gender with which they identify. A month
later, on June 15, 2016, Trump announced Pence as his vice presidential
running-mate.  [602]
On March 1, 2013, Obama, speaking about _ Hollingsworth v. Perry
 _ , the U.S. Supreme
Court case about  Proposition 8  , said
"When the Supreme Court asks do you think that the California law, which
doesn't provide any rationale for discriminating against same-sex couples
other than just the notion that, well, they're same-sex couples—if the Supreme
Court asks me or my attorney general or solicitor general, 'Do we think that
meets constitutional muster?' I felt it was important for us to answer that
question honestly. And the answer is no." The administration took the position
that the Supreme Court should apply "heightened scrutiny" to California's
ban—a standard under which legal experts say no state ban could survive.
[482]
The Green Party  has been in favor of sweeping LGBT rights and protections
since the party's inaugural platform in 2000.  [651]  The more informal
coalition of State Green Parties that existed in America from 1983 to 2000
also backed LGBT rights.
LGBT rights in  Russia
Cuts to HIV/AIDS policy and funding have a wide-ranging effect. In 2017, Trump
dissolved the  Office of National AIDS Policy

(ONAP, founded in 1993) and the  Presidential Advisory Council on HIV/AIDS
 (PACHA, founded in 1995). His 2019 budget proposal did
not include any funding for two existing programs run under the  Ryan White
HIV/AIDS Program.
*  List of legislatures 
*  List of legislators
On June 17, 2009, President Obama signed a  presidential memorandum
 allowing same-sex
partners of federal employees to receive certain benefits. The memorandum does
not cover full health coverage.  [457]  On October 28, 2009, Obama signed the
 Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act
 , which added  gender
 ,  sexual orientation  ,  gender identity  , and  disability  to the federal
hate crimes law.  [458]
##   Mercedes Hutton  Executive Editor
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Hong Kong
activist Jimmy Sham. File photo: Etan Liam, via Flickr.
###  Gay Games 2023
On May 3, 2012, the  Federal Bureau of Prisons
 has agreed to
add an LGBT representative to the diversity program at each of the 120 prisons
it operates in the United States.  [473]
On March 4, 1998, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled in _ Oncale v.
Sundowner Offshore Services  _ that federal laws banning on-the-
job  sexual harassment  also
applied when both parties are the same sex. The lower courts, however, have
reached differing conclusions about whether this ruling applies to harassment
motivated by anti-gay animus.
---
Sovereign states  |
####  Post governorship of Georgia
In 1779,  Thomas Jefferson  wrote
a law in Virginia which contained a maximum punishment of  castration
 for men who engaged in sodomy.  [343]
However, what was intended by Jefferson as a liberalization of the sodomy laws
in Virginia at that time was rejected by the Virginia Legislature, which
continued to prescribe death as the maximum penalty for the crime of sodomy in
that state.  [344]
|   (Since 1998)  |   (Since 2019)
###  Trans athletes in sports
Main articles:  LGBT rights in Chechnya  and  Anti-gay purges in Chechnya
In September 2012, newly elected lawmaker  Ray Chan Chi-chuen
 (  陳志全  ), a former radio and
TV host, revealed to Oriental Daily that he is gay, making him the first
openly gay legislator in Greater China.  [82]  Local media coverage of his
coming out as gay was largely positive.
Political opposition tends to come from social conservatives, often with
evangelical Christian ties, who view homosexuality and cross-dressing as signs
of immorality. For example, after the court ruled against the unequal age of
consent, former  Chief Executive of Hong Kong
  Donald
Tsang  , a devout Catholic, publicly
opposed the court's decision and fought for an appeal until 2006. However,
most political parties and individual politicians have tended to avoid making
public statements in favour of LGBT rights, although this has slowly begun to
change.
Since April 11, 2022,  US Passports  have
given the sex/gender options of male, female and X by self determination.
[98]   Intersex  people in the United States have
some of the same rights as others but with significant gaps, particularly in
protection from non-consensual cosmetic medical interventions, violence, and
discrimination.  [307]  [308]  Many non-consensual medical surgeries are being
performed to "fix" these individuals when they are babies or children. Some
are also put on hormones to ensure that their bodies develop to the sex they
were assigned. In August 2018, the  California state legislature
 passed a
resolution that condemns these types of surgeries.  [309]  [310]  [311]  [312]
Actions by intersex civil society organizations aim to eliminate harmful
practices and promote social acceptance and equality.  [313]  [314]  In recent
years, intersex activists have also secured some legal recognition.  [315]
After the 1967 decriminalisation of homosexuality in the United Kingdom, there
were moves to undertake a similar reform in Hong Kong. Governor  Murray
MacLehose  privately supported gay
rights but he and others felt that the local community would not support
decriminalisation.  [2]
*  Crime 
*  Prostitution 
*  Sex trafficking
####  Assistant Secretary of the Navy
In 2019, another High Court ruling  struck down a series of laws targeting
male sexual acts  for
being unconstitutional because “no comparable offences exist for heterosexuals
or female homosexuals.”
China ships a million bottles of melting Tibetan glacier water to climate-
threatened Maldives
Genetic conditions
###  Military service
###  United States topics
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|   (Since 1991)  |   (Since 2011)
Main article:  Same-sex adoption in the United States
####  Organs
Media  |
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###  Only LGBTQ radio show axed
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See also:  LGBT rights protests surrounding the 2014 Winter Olympics
Department of Health
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*  Polygamy
Political repression  |
####  Conditions
###   Article 23: Multiple Hong Kong officials to face new US visa
restrictions citing ‘crackdown’ on rights, freedoms
On 20 January 2013, six demonstrating LGBT activists in the provincial capital
of  Voronezh  were attacked by over 500 people.
The protest by these agitators, who appeared with  Hitler salutes
 and hate slogans and threw snowballs,
bottles and other objects at the demonstrators and then beat them up, was not
registered. The police assigned 10 officers to this event. The employees of
the nearby  Adidas  sports shop staged its 
mannequins  with Hitler salutes in solidarity
with the beating. At least three LGBT activists, including women, were injured
and hospitalized during the resistance. On the same day, the author of the
Petersburg law against 'homosexual propaganda',  Vitaly Milonov
 , posted on his Twitter that
"Voronezh is great".  [ _ citation needed   _ ]
###  Solitary confinement
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#####  Employment nondiscrimination
Some gay-rights advocates criticized Clinton for not going far enough and
accused him of making his campaign promise to get votes and contributions.
[390]  Their position was that Clinton should have integrated the military by
executive order, noting that President  Harry Truman  used executive order to racially desegregate the armed forces.
Clinton's defenders argue that an executive order might have prompted the
Senate to write the exclusion of gays into law, potentially making it harder
to integrate the military in the future.  [391]  Later in his presidency, in
1999, Clinton criticized the way the policy was implemented, saying he did not
think any serious person could say it was not "out of whack".  [392]
Ten years after the _Lawrence_ decision, the Supreme Court ruled on June 26,
2013, by a 5–4 vote in _ United States v. Windsor
 _ that section 3
of the  Defense of Marriage Act  , that forbade the federal government from recognizing lawfully
performed same-sex marriages, was found to violate the  Fifth Amendment
 . The federal government then began to
recognize lawfully performed same-sex marriages, and provide federal rights,
privileges and benefits.  [334]  [335]
###  Public opinion
The agenda opposes:
*  Civil Service 
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*  Criminal code 
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*  Federal budget 
*  Foreign relations  (  Foreign Relations of Russia since the Russian invasion of Ukraine  )
*  Freedom of assembly 
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##  Propaganda bans
The 1992 Log Cabin Republican convention was held in  Spring, Texas
 , a  Houston   exurb  . The
main issue discussed was whether or not LCR would endorse the re-election of
President  George H. W. Bush  .
The group voted to deny that endorsement because Bush did not denounce  anti-
gay rhetoric  at the  1992
Republican National Convention  .  [380]  Many in the gay community
believed President Bush had not done enough on the issue of AIDS.  Urvashi
Vaid  argues that Bush's anti-gay rhetoric
"motivated conservative gay Democrats and loyal gay Republicans, who had
helped defeat Dukakis in 1988, to throw their support behind Clinton."  [367]
Federal district  |
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Obama included openly gay athletes in the  2014 Olympic delegation
 , namely  Brian Boitano
 and  Billie Jean King
 (who was later replaced by 
Caitlin Cahow  ).  [487]  [488]  This
was done in criticism of Russia's anti-gay law.  [488]
In the  109th United States Congress  , Obama received a score of 89% by the  Human
Rights Campaign  .
[436]
On February 28, 2014, Obama agreed with the  Governor of Arizona
  Jan Brewer
 's veto of  SB 1062  .  [486]