mteb/BrightProPsychologyRetrieval huggingface dataset:
Since 2006, under  Vladimir Putin  ,
regions in Russia have enacted varying laws restricting the distribution of
materials promoting LGBT relationships to minors; in June 2013, a  federal
law criminalizing the distribution of materials among minors
 in support
of non-traditional sexual relationships was enacted as an amendment to an 
existing child protection law
 .  [15]  The law has resulted in the numerous arrests of Russian
LGBT citizens publicly opposing the law and there has reportedly been a surge
of anti-gay protests,  violence  , and even 
hate crimes  . It has received international
criticism from  human rights  observers,
 LGBT activists  , and
media outlets and has been viewed as a _de facto_ means of criminalizing 
LGBT culture  .  [16]  The law was ruled
to be inconsistent with protection of freedom of expression by the European
Court of Human Rights but as of 2021 has not been repealed.  [17]  In 2022,
the law was extended to apply to anyone regardless of age, thus making any
expression deemed a promotion of non-traditional sexual relationships illegal.
[18]  [19]
Science  |
*  Newport sex scandal  (1919)
*  Harvard Secret Court  (1920)
*  Pullman porter affair  (1940)
*  Hazel's Inn raid  (1956)
* _ One, Inc. v. Olesen  _ (1958)
*  Cooper Do-nuts Riot  (1959)
* _ MANual Enterprises v. Day  _ (1962)
*  Fun Lounge police raid  (1964)
*  Annual Reminder  (1965–1969)
*  Julius sip-in  (1966)
*  Compton's Cafeteria riot  (1966)
*  By sector 
*  Agriculture 
*  Banking 
*  Communications 
*  Companies 
*  Energy 
*  Insurance 
*  Manufacturing 
*  Mining 
*  Science and technology 
*  Tourism 
*  Trade 
*  by state 
*  Currency 
*  Exports 
*  Federal budget 
*  Greenhouse gas emissions by the United States 
*  Federal Reserve System 
*  Financial position 
*  Labor unions 
*  Public debt 
*  Social welfare programs 
*  Taxation 
*  Unemployment 
*  Wall Street
Critics of bills which exclude transgender individuals from restrooms which
conform to their gender identity argue that they do not make public restrooms
any safer for  cisgender  (non-transgender)
people, and that they make public restrooms less safe for both transgender
people and  gender non-conforming  cisgender people.  [256]  [257]  [258]  Additionally, critics
claim there have been no cases of a transgender person attacking a cisgender
person in a public restroom,  [256]  [259]  although there has been at least
one isolated incident of voyeurism in a fitting room.  [260]  By comparison, a
much larger percentage of transgender people have been verbally, physically,
and sexually harassed or attacked by cisgender people in public facilities.
[261]  For these reasons the controversy over transgender bathroom access has
been labeled a  moral panic  .  [262]
In September 2013, a  Khabarovsk  teacher and
gay rights activist, Alexander Yermoshkin, was fired from his two jobs as
school teacher and university researcher.  [99]  A week earlier, he had been
attacked by members of a local  neo-Nazi 
group "Shtolz Khabarovsk".  [100]  An activist group called "Movement against
the propaganda of sexual perversions" had campaigned for his dismissal.  [101]
###   As redevelopment looms, residents look back on life in Hong Kong’s only
private low-rent housing estate
Tribal  "Tribe \(Native American\)") |
###  Thomas Jefferson
*  Alcohol  
*  Drugs  
*  Smoking and tobacco
According to a survey conducted in June 2013 by the  Russian Public Opinion
Research Center  (VTsIOM), at least 90% of those surveyed were in
favor of the law.  [49]  [165]
|   (Since 2009)  |   (Since 2013)
###  HIV/AIDS
* This page was last edited on 27 March 2024, at 21:59  (UTC)  .
* Text is available under the  Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0   ; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the  Terms of Use  and  Privacy Policy  . Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the  Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.  , a non-profit organization.
*  Discrimination 
*  Freedom Index 
*  Human rights 
*  Minority rights 
*  LGBT people in prison
In a 2006 speech, he said that "the deterioration of marriage and family"
causes "societal collapse" and that "God's idea" is to prevent same-sex
marriage.  [601]  In 2007, he voted against the Employment Non-Discrimination
Act which would have banned discrimination based on sexual orientation.  [601]
In 2010, he opposed  allowing soldiers to openly identify as gay
 .  [601]
*  Immigration Act of 1917 
*  Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 
*  Executive Order 10450 
*  Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 
* _ Bowers v. Hardwick  _ (1986)
*  DoD Directive 1304.26  ("Don't ask, don't tell")
*  Defense of Marriage Act 
*  Presidential Memorandum of August 25, 2017  "Presidential Memorandum on Military Service by Transgender Individuals \(2017\)")
Since the 1990s, several Hong Kong films have had LGBT characters or themes in
them. However, television programming has largely tended to avoid LGBT
characters or themes, until recently.  [ _ when?
 _ ]
Tagged:   Brian Leung Siu-fai  ,   Civil Service Bureau  ,   Constitutional and Mainland Affairs Bureau (CMAB)
 ,  
conversion therapy  ,  
Edgar Ng  ,   Equal Opportunities
Commission  ,  
Explainer  ,   Gay Games 2023
 ,   Guadalajara
 ,   Henry Li
 ,   henry tse
 ,   Hong Kong Housing Authority
 ,   Immigration
Department  ,   Inland
Revenue Department  ,
 Jerome Yau  ,   Jimmy Sham
 ,   Junius Ho
 ,   Nick Infinger
 ,   RTHK
 ,   Suen Yiu-tung
Scott Adams and Angus
Leung. File photo: Supplied.
###  Bathroom bills
George W. Bush  , despite being
opposed to LGBT rights when Governor of Texas, was relatively moderate in
regards to LGBT rights as president, though opposed gay marriage and would
later voice his support for civil unions. In his eight years of office, Bush's
views on  gay rights  were often difficult to
ascertain, but many experts feel that the Bush White House wanted to avoid bad
publicity without alienating evangelical conservative Christian voters. Thus,
he did not repeal President Clinton's Executive Order banning discrimination
on the basis of sexual orientation in the federal civilian government, but
Bush's critics felt as if he failed to enforce the executive order.  [419]
###  Transgender public toilet access
In May 2019, the  Equal Opportunities Commission
 "Equal Opportunities
Commission \(Hong Kong\)") chairman Ricky Chu Man-kin expressed preference for
a step-by-step approach, starting with anti-discrimination initiatives, and
said he would not push for a legislative timetable on same-sex marriage from
the government, but urged the community to "change tack" in favour of a
pragmatic step-by-step approach to break the "eternal stalemate" in the city's
fight for LGBT rights. He said "Instead of focusing on abstract and
ideological debates that we can never easily come to an agreement on, let’s
make small progress in tackling discrimination at the workplace, schools and
public facilities".  [17]
*  Genetic conditions  
*  Genetic testing for inherited cancer  
*  Genetic services in Victoria  
*  Pregnancy tests - maternal serum screening  
*  Blood groups
On January 7, 2013, the Pentagon agreed to pay full separation pay to service
members discharged under "  Don't Ask, Don't Tell
 ."  [479]
Main article:  Recognition of same-sex unions in Hong Kong
In early 2020, it was reported that Grenell's consulting firm had been paid
over $100,000 in 2016 to provide  public relations  support to  Viktor Orbán  's government in Hungary (a government widely recognized for
its anti-LGBT policies),  [594]  which Grenell had not disclosed under the 
Foreign Agents Registration Act  before working for the Trump
administration.  [595]  When Grenell resigned his ambassadorship on June 1,
2020,  [596]  he left no one obviously in charge of any pro-LGBT "push" or
"campaign," and, three months later, a senior advisor at the Council for
Global Equality dismissed Grenell's defunct campaign as "a series of self-
promoting Twitter photos."  [597]  In August 2020, Grenell began serving as an
advisor for the  American Center for Law & Justice
 ,  [598]  an organization that has long supported criminalizing
homosexuality in African countries.  [599]  [600]
####  Third gender option
*  Chinese-foreign marriages 
*  Family planning policies 
*  One-child policy 
*  Two-child policy 
*  Three-child policy 
*  Ghost marriage 
*  Marriage in modern China 
*  Naked marriage 
*  New Marriage Law 
*  Polyandry in Tibet 
*  Traditional Chinese marriage
##  From other websites
In March 2020, the High Court ruled that excluding same-sex married couples
from access to government-subsidised housing as “ordinary families”  was
unconstitutional and unlawful 
.
A bathroom bill is the common name for legislation or a statute that defines
access to  public toilets  by  gender
 (restrooms)—or transgender  individual
 . Bathroom bills affect access to sex-
segregated public facilities for an individual based on a determination of
their sex as defined in some specific way—such as their sex as  assigned at
birth  , their sex as listed on their
 birth certificate  , or the
sex that corresponds to their  gender identity  .  [255]  A bathroom bill can either be inclusive or
exclusive of transgender individuals, depending on the aforementioned
definition of their sex.  Unisex public toilets  are one option to overcome this controversy.
###  Harry Truman
Q  |  P
---|---
Mother (carrier)  |  Q  |
LGBT rights in Asia
###  Conversion therapy
*  Outline 
*  Index of articles
See also:  Transgender rights
In 2010, Legislator  Fernando Cheung  , and former legislators  Cyd Ho Sau-lan  ,
 Lo Wing-lok  , and Reverend Fung Chi Wood,
participated in public demonstration against homophobia.
Early LGBT rights advocacy in the United States

(pre–  Stonewall riots  )
###  Parental rights
##  Chromosomes
Movements  |
*  Åland 
*  Faroe Islands 
*  Gibraltar 
*  Guernsey 
*  Isle of Man 
*  Jersey 
*  Svalbard
* Services and support
In a unanimous  decision
 , the Court
of Final Appeal judges ruled that Hong Kong’s civil service and Inland Revenue
Department both failed to justify their policy towards Leung, and by extension
other same-sex married couples.
Barack Obama took many definitively pro-LGBT stances. In March 2009, his
administration reversed Bush administration policy and signed the  U.N.
declaration that calls for the decriminalization of homosexuality

.  [447]  In June 2009, Obama became the first president to declare the month
of June to be LGBT pride month; President Clinton had declared June Gay and
Lesbian Pride Month. Obama would do the same for every following June of his
presidency.  [404]  [448]  [449]  [450]  [451]  [452]  [453]  [454]  [455]
[456]
Posted in   Hong Kong
####  Domestic reactions
Main article:  List of U.S. state laws on same-sex unions
*  Crime 
*  Demographics 
*  Soviet people 
*  Working class 
*  1989 census 
*  Languages 
*  Linguistics
As a British colony, Hong Kong's criminal laws against male homosexual acts
were initially a reflection of British law, with a maximum sentence of life
imprisonment. During the 1970s and 1980s, there was a public debate about
whether or not to reform the law in line with human rights principles. As a
result, in 1991 the  Legislative Council

agreed to decriminalise private, adult, non-commercial, and consensual
homosexual relations.
###  William McKinley
Chechen leader  Ramzan Kadyrov  (
_right_ ) with Chechnya's parliamentary chairman  Magomed Daudov
The  Democratic Party  "Democratic
Party \(United States\)") started to support some LGBT rights in the 1970s.
Despite signing the  Defense of Marriage Act  ,  Bill Clinton  was the first president who openly supported LGBT rights; he
appointed several openly gay government officials during his administration.
In the  2012 national platform  , the Democratic Party supported the
repeal of the Defense of Marriage Act and "equal responsibility, benefits, and
protections" for same-sex couples;  [641]  President  Barack Obama
 came out in support of same-sex marriage
in 2012. The Democratic Party explicitly supports same-sex marriage.  [642]
Prohibits transgender military service
In 1919, Democratic Assistant Secretary of the Navy  Franklin D. Roosevelt
 requested an
investigation into "vice and depravity" in the sea services after a  sting
operation  in which undercover
operatives attempt to seduce sailors suspected of being homosexual had already
begun at the Naval base in Newport, Rhode Island. At least 17 sailors were
jailed and court-martialed before public outcry prompted a Republican-led
Senate committee to condemn the methods of the operation. Roosevelt denied he
had any knowledge that entrapment had been used or that he would have approved
of it.  [349]
See also:  LGBT social movements
##  Public opinion
In 2013,  Hong Kong's High Court ruled that a transgender woman can marry her
boyfriend  and
told the government that they had one year to draft a law that allows for
post-operation transsexual or transgender individuals to marry. In spring of
2014, it was announced that though the law had not been finished, transgender
citizens could start marrying in July. Some rights activists have expressed
their discontent with the provision that a person must have undergone complete
gender reassignment surgery to receive a marriage license. On 17 July 2014, it
was announced that transgender citizens could marry and that the law will be
finished after the summer recess. Some have stated that the delay of the final
draft was a positive thing since the subsequent law has "lots of holes and
ambiguity".  [13]
Along with several gay nightclubs, LGBT pride festivals occur annually, as
well as other social events including the  Hong Kong Lesbian & Gay Film
Festival  . On each  International Day Against Homophobia
 (IDAHO), a procession is held through the street of Hong Kong to
show solidarity. The first IDAHO procession was held in 2005. Political
involvement has also become more common in recent years. Several prominent 
legislators  have attended the IDAHO procession and  gay pride
 to show solidarity
with the LGBT community.  [74]
*  National anthem 
*  Basic Law 
*  Chief Executive 
*  Districts 
*  Elections 
*  Emblem 
*  Flag 
*  Foreign relations 
*  Government 
*  Independence 
*  Judiciary 
*  Legal system 
*  Legislative Council 
* LGBT rights
*  Military 
*  One country, two systems 
*  Political parties 
*  Protests 
*  Sino-British Joint Declaration 
*  Special administrative regions of China
Between 2006 and 2013, ten regions enacted a ban on "propaganda of
homosexualism" among minors. The laws of nine of them prescribe punishments of
administrative sanctions and/or fines. The laws in some of the regions also
forbid so-called "propaganda of bisexualism and transgenderism" to minors. As
of May 2013 the regions that had enacted these various laws, and the years in
which they had passed the laws, included:  Ryazan Oblast
 (2006),  Arkhangelsk Oblast
 (2011),  Saint Petersburg
 (2012),  Kostroma Oblast
 (2012),  Magadan Oblast
 (2012),  Novosibirsk Oblast
 (2012),  Krasnodar Krai
 (2012),  Samara Oblast
 (2012),  Bashkortostan
 (2012),  [note 4]  and  Kaliningrad
Oblast  (February 2013).
[note 5]  Then, Arkhangelsk (2013) and Saint Petersburg (2014) removed the
law.  [ _ citation needed   _ ]
Bill Clinton  's legacy on gay rights is
a matter of controversy. LGBT rights activist  Richard Socarides
 credits Clinton as the first
president to publicly champion gay rights,  [386]  but Clinton's signing of
DOMA and DADT have led critics like  Andrew Sullivan  to argue Clinton was a detriment to rather than an ally for
the LGBT rights movement, though DOMA passed Congress with veto-proof
majorities in the House and Senate.  [387]
Crime  |
---|---
Media  |
Like Sham’s long journey through the judicial system, the legal challenge
against the government policy which stated that SRS was required to change an
individual’s gender marker lasted five years.  Launched by Henry Tse and two
other trans men  “Q” and “R,” it was dismissed by the city’s lower court. Tse and Q
later lodged an appeal at the Court of Appeal, which upheld the government’s
stance, before being heard at the Court of Final Appeal.
###  Republican Party
*  Outline
|   Executive  |
* _ Obergefell v. Hodges  _
* Passing the  Equality Act  "Equality Act \(United States\)") , the comprehensive federal nondiscrimination legislation for LGBT Americans in housing, employment, public accommodations, credit, jury service, education, and federal funding
* Including LGBT people under sex discrimination laws
* Combating  youth homelessness 
*  Policies to improve school climates for LGBT students 
*  LGBT elders 
* Access to  Transgender health care 
* Ending  violence against LGBT people  including the crisis of  anti-transgender violence 
* Mental health
* "Insuring fair treatment for  LGBT veterans  , including by proactively reviewing and upgrading discharge records for veterans who were discharged because of their sexual orientation."
In March and April 2012, Obama expressed his opposition to state
constitutional bans on same-sex marriage in  North Carolina
 , and 
Minnesota  .  [472]
*  About HKFP 
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*  Food and Health Bureau 
*  Healthcare 
*  Police
1. ** ^  ** Chechen authorities have reportedly arrested, imprisoned and killed persons based on their perceived sexual orientation in  anti-gay purges  .  [2]  [3]
2. ** ^  ** In the  2020 amendments to the Constitution of Russia  , marriage is defined as being between a man and woman, thereby banning same-sex marriage.  [5]
3. ** ^  ** Adoption is regulated by the  Civil Procedure Code of Russia ") (  Chapter 29  );  Family Code of Russia  (  Chapter 19  ); Federal Law _On Acts of Civil Status_ (  Chapter V  ). None of these documents contain any direct restriction or ban for homosexual people to adopt, though unmarried couples are not allowed to adopt children (Article 127.2 of the  Family Code of Russia  ), and since  same-sex marriage  is not officially recognized, gay couples cannot adopt children together; nevertheless, single individuals can adopt (see also the _Parent Relations_ section of the  Russian LGBT Network 2009 Report ") ). The Court makes the decision to allow or deny adoption considering many documents and testimonies, so it is unclear whether  LGBT  affiliation of the candidate adopter can be in fact an issue for a judge to make a negative decision.
4. ** ^  **  Bashkortostan  is the only region where the law does not include any kind of administrative sanctions or fines.
5. ** ^  **  Kaliningrad Oblast  's measure bans "propaganda of homosexualism" not only among minors, but among the population in general.
6. ** ^  ** The age of consent for homosexual acts was never specifically mentioned in the old _Criminal Code of RSFSR  _ , which was replaced with the new  Criminal Code of Russia  in 1996, and this new Code mentions the age of consent regardless of sexual orientation (although harsher penalties applies in case of an illicit same-sexual intercourse with a person younger than 16) in Article 134.  [191]  now de facto invalid
On June 26, 2015, the Supreme Court ruled in _ Obergefell v. Hodges
 _ that same-sex marriage
cannot be prohibited by a state. Consequently, same-sex marriages are licensed
and recognized as valid and enforced in all states and areas subject to the
jurisdiction of the U.S. Constitution.
24 languages
*  Duberman, Martin  ; Vicinus, Martha;  Chauncey, George  (1989).   _Hidden from history: reclaiming the gay and lesbian past_  . New York: New American Library.  ISBN  "ISBN \(identifier\)")  978-0-453-00689-7   .  OCLC  "OCLC \(identifier\)")  19669484  .
*  Engelstein, Laura  (1995).  "Soviet Policy Toward Male Homosexuality: Its Origins and Historical Roots"  . _Journal of Homosexuality_ . **29** (2–3). Philadelphia: Hayworth Press: 155–178.  doi  "Doi \(identifier\)") :  10.1300/J082v29n02_06  .  ISSN  "ISSN \(identifier\)")  1540-3602  .  PMID  "PMID \(identifier\)")  8666753  . Retrieved  13 December  2023  .
* Petrov, Igor; Kirichenko, Ksenia (5 April 2009).  "Discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity in Russia"  . _Report by the [http://www.mhg.ru/english Moscow Helsinki Group] in cooperation with the [http://lgbtnet.ru/ Russian LGBT Network]_ . Archived from  the original  on 1 June 2011  . Retrieved  25 May  2009  .
Main article:  Legal recognition of non-binary gender § United States
####  Medical facilities
* On 9 May 2013, after  Victory Day  "Victory Day \(9 May\)") parades in  Volgograd  , the body of a 23-year-old man was found tortured and murdered by three males who stated anti-homosexual motivations, even though family and friends state the victim had no behavior inclination.  [119]
* On 29 May 2013, the body of 38-year-old deputy director of  Kamchatka  airport Oleg Serdyuk (  rus:  Олег Сердюк) was found in his burned-out car, having been beaten and stabbed the previous day.  [120]  Local authorities said the murder was motivated by  homophobia  .  [121]  Three suspects (who were local residents) were tried and sentenced to prison terms of 9 to 12 years.  [122]
* From October 2013 – February 2014, anti-gay attacks targeting the LGBT community in Moscow were reported at Russia's largest gay nightclub Central Station, including gunfire and gas attacks. Several attacks and victim responses were documented in an ABC News Nightline special "Moscow is Burning".  [123]  [124]  Several employees of the club subsequently left the country.  [125]