mteb/BIRCO-ClinicalTrial-Test huggingface dataset:
To test the hypothesis that gamma tocopherol (vitamin E) supplement inhibits endotoxin induced airways inflammation in allergic asthmatics BACKGROUND: Allergic asthma (AA) is the most commonly encountered respiratory disease in children and adults in the United States and is a leading cause of morbidity worldwide. Among the most disruptive expressions of disease in AA is acute asthma exacerbation. The CDC lists ambient air pollutants and environmental tobacco smoke as among the most common triggers for acute asthma exacerbation. Ozone (O3) is the most commonly encountered ambient air pollutant in the US. Endotoxin (or lipopolysaccharide or LPS) is a component of bioaerosols found in both the indoor and outdoor environment, is a component of tobacco smoke, and is increased in indoor settings where smokers live. LPS is also a component of coarse and fine mode particle matter air pollution. OXIDATIVE STRESS AND ASTHMA: Increased oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant capability have been observed in asthmatics. These pollutants are pro-inflammatory and are associated with increased oxidative stress, which would exacerbate reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species (ROS and RNS)-induced injury in asthmatics. O3 injures epithelial cells, releasing secondary mediators which activate inflammatory cells, in part by ligation of TLR4, the primary receptor for LPS. TLR4 activation of inflammatory cells activates NF-kB and induces oxidative stress. O3 and LPS has been associated with exacerbation of asthma, and we have reported that O3 and LPS augments allergic airway inflammation in allergic asthmatics (AA).
This study is a multicenter, stratified, randomized, active control, double-blinded, parallel-group comparative study with an open-label extension period. The study is designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of FP/ SLM HFA MDI 50/25 microgram (mcg) one or two inhalation twice daily (BID) for 8 weeks in comparison with FP HFA MDI 50 mcg one or two inhalation BID, in 6-month to 4-year-old Japanese patients with bronchial asthma. The study is also designed to evaluate the safety of long-term treatment of FP/ SLM HFA MDI 50/25 mcg one or two BID for 16 weeks. The subjects meeting the eligibility criteria will enter the run-in period of 2 weeks and receive FP 50 mcg 1 or 2 inhalation bid (FP 100 or 200 mcg/day), before randomization. The subjects under 2 years of age at Visit 1 will receive only 1 inhalation bid during the run-in period. The subjects who meet the eligibility criteria for randomization will be stratified according to their age (<2 or >=2 year-old) at Visit 1 and randomized to one of the two treatment groups. The total duration of participation in the study will be 10 weeks for a comparison period completion and 27 weeks for a completion.
The purpose of this study is to determine the optimal dose of CHF 5259 (glycopyrrolate bromide) on top of Foster which provides the optimal additive bronchodilator effect to asthmatic patients whose symptoms are uncontrolled with medium dose of inhaled corticosteroids plus long acting beta2 agonists.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether 2 puffs of fixed combination of aerosolized 120 mcg salbutamol sulphate (equivalent to 100 mcg of the base) + 20 mcg ipratropium bromide confers significant additional protection against metacholine induced bronchoconstriction in asthmatic atopic patients when compared to 2 puffs of aerosolized 100 mcg salbutamol alone.
Study to compare the effects of nebulised salbutamol or ipratropium alone in patients with COPD with those of combined salbutamol and ipratropium nebuliser solution on arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) and to characterise patients with COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) at risk of significant arterial oxygen desaturation following nebulised salbutamol.
To determine whether addition of ipratropium bromide to salbutamol nebulisations produces significantly greater bronchodilation in young children presenting to an emergency department with an acute attack of asthma
In Ethiopia, a child-centered counseling approach is hypothesized to be more effective than the current nutrition and health education when investment on home-based food production is used as a platform for nutrition education. This project is proposed to evaluate the efficacy of a food-based package integrating child-centered nutrition counseling and home-based food production using a between-group comparative intervention study. The intervention comprises child-centered nutrition counseling for caretakers and support for 'developed' gardens and improved backyard poultry production. Growth faltering among Ethiopian infants and young children is one of the highest in sub-Saharan Africa. Nutrition education on infant and young child feeding has shown good potential to improve growth of young children whenever it is accessible, context-based and integrated with locally available resources. The current nutrition education in Ethiopia, however, appears to be general and lacks the essential components for success. It is mainly didactic and lacks a motivational approach that can enhance the self-efficacy of mothers for behavior change. Another important barrier for nutrition education to become effective is that rural mothers have limited access to nutrient-dense foods that are recommended to be fed to young children. Therefore, it is expected that low food access by poor households together with the less motivational approach used may hamper the effectiveness of the current nutrition education in the country. In Ethiopia, a child-centered counseling approach is hypothesized to be more effective than the current nutrition and health education when investment on home-based food production is used as a platform for nutrition education.
Asthmatic children age 3-17 from low income households in King County are randomly assigned into a community health worker (CHW) intervention group and a control group. The intervention is in-home education and support related to asthma self-management. The main outcome measures are asthma symptom-free days, caretaker's asthma-related quality of life score, and health care utilization for asthma measured at baseline and 12 months after baseline enrollment. This is a randomized controlled trial. Potentially eligible subjects come from lists generated by health plans (Community Health Plan of Washington and Molina, who insure the majority of Medicaid enrollees in King County), individuals referred by primary care providers, and self referral. Eligible subjects that agree to participate are randomly assigned into a CHW intervention group or a control group. We expected to complete the study with 200 in each group. The intervention is in-home education and support by a community health worker (CHW). At the first home visit, the CHW assesses the participant's knowledge and skills related to asthma self-management, current status of the child's asthma, and resources and support for asthma self-management using a baseline questionnaire. The CHW inspects the home environment using an Environmental Home Checklist to identify environmental triggers that can cause asthma symptoms and affect asthma control. The CHW makes up to three follow-up visits and two telephone visits during the year the participant is in the study.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the superiority of the glycopyrrolate bromide (CHF 5259 pMDI) versus placebo on top of QVAR® pMDI, in terms of lung functions parameters, as well as to assess its safety.
This study is a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel group, multicenter, non-inferiority study. The study will enroll adult and adolescent asthmatic subjects who are currently receiving mid dose inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) plus long-acting beta2-agonist (LABA) (equivalent to fluticasone propionate [FP]/salmeterol 250/50 microgram [mcg]twice daily [BD]), either via a fixed dose combination product or through separate inhalers. The study consists of a LABA washout period of 5 days and a run-in period of 4 weeks, followed by a treatment period of 24 weeks, and a follow up contact period of one week. The total duration of the study is 30 weeks. Approximately 1461 subjects will be randomized to one of the following three treatments (487 per treatment): fluticasone furoate (FF)/vilanterol (VI) 100/25 mcg once daily (OD) in the evening (PM) via ELLIPTA™ inhaler plus placebo BD via ACCUHALER™/DISKUS™; FP/salmeterol 250/50 mcg BD via ACCUHALER/DISKUS inhaler plus placebo OD (PM) via ELLIPTA inhaler; FP 250 mcg BD via ACCUHALER/DISKUS inhaler plus placebo OD (PM) via ELLIPTA inhaler. In addition, all subjects will be supplied with albuterol/salbutamol inhalation aerosol to use as needed to treat acute asthma symptoms. This study will determine if FF/VI 100/25 mcg OD via ELLIPTA inhaler is non-inferior to FP/salmeterol 250/50 mcg BD via ACCUHALER/DISKUS inhaler in adult and adolescent asthmatic subjects already adequately controlled on a twice-daily ICS/LABA.
This is a prospective observational study , to clarity the characteristics of airway inflammation, airway reactivity and airway resistance in rhinitic children with or without asthma and to explore the possible predictors in the progression of allergic rhinitis to asthma. Children 6-15 years old with allergic rhinitis and/or asthma diagnosed by specialist physician are enrolled in the department of respiratory and otorhinolaryngology and pediatrics in Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease. According to presence of typical symptoms and signs, patients are divided into allergic rhinitis without asthma (AR group) , allergic rhinitis concomitant asthma (AS+AR group), asthma without rhinitis (AS group). In addition, healthy students in a school are enrolled as normal control group. History of all subjects are collected, the following measurements are performed: skin prick test (SPT), peripheral blood cells five-classification test, serum total immunoglobulin E (IgE) and specific IgE of common inhalant allergens testing, nasal lavage and induced sputum cells classification ，pulmonary function test, bronchial provocation test using methacholine，airway resistance measured by impulse oscillation technique, the levels of eosinophil（ECP），eosinophil peroxidase（EPO）.Meanwhile myeloperoxidase （MPO）and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) are measured in induced sputum ,in nasal lavage and in serum.
"Studio Nava" is a National Study aiming to assess allergic rhinitis and asthma outcomes on Quality of Life and Quality of Sleep in adolescent patients by means of Web Survey. "Studio Nava" also proposes the innovative use of a web platform ("http://nava.ibim.cnr.it/") that contains all standardized tools (medical-healthcare web form, ACT, Asthma control test; PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; T5SS, Total Symptom Score; modified SIDRIA for adolescents; Rhinasthma; VAS scale), that will be available for the doctors after the registration to the web platform. Downloaded questionnaires will be delivered to case-patient, asking him/her to fill them during the waiting time of the visit.
The main purpose of the treatment of persistent allergic rhinitis is to improve symptoms and patients' quality of life and prevent the development of asthma. Therapeutic strategies also target a reduction of pro-inflammatory mediators released from activated cells, including mast cells and epithelial cells. The presence of allergic inflammation in nasal mucosa may increase the risk of asthma occurrence, especially in patients with persistent allergic rhinitis. H1 antihistamines are widely recommended in all types of allergic rhinitis, regardless of symptom severity or persistence. They control all of the symptoms, but to a lesser extent nasal congestion. New generation agents, such as levocetirizine and desloratadine, possess anti-inflammatory properties, reducing allergic inflammation. Allergic rhinitis is characterized by a chronic inflammation of nasal mucosa and represents a risk factor for asthma occurrence. H1 antihistamines reduce the rhinitis' symptoms, but some compounds may have anti-inflammatory properties. We evaluated the plasmatic level of some cytokines in patients with persistent allergic rhinitis (PAR) and their evolution after 4-week treatment with H1 antihistamines and the risk of asthma after 1.5 year. Eighty-five patients with PAR and 30 healthy volunteers were included in the study. The patients with PAR were randomly divided into 2 groups: 41 patients treated with desloratadine 5 mg/day and 44 patients under levocetirizine 5 mg/day for 4 weeks. The clinical evaluation include the presence and severity of allergic rhinitis' symptoms: rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, sneezing, nasal and ocular itching and duration of the disease.
This study evaluates the addition of RPL554 to standard reliever medications for chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD). All patients will receive the same six treatments in a randomised sequence: 1. salbutamol, 2. ipratropium, 3. salbutamol + RPL554, 4. ipratropium + RPL554, 5. RPL554 6. Placebo The purpose of this study is to investigate if RPL554 has an additive bronchodilator effect when administered in combination with standard of care bronchodilators in patients with COPD.This study investigates the pharmacodynamic effect of RPL554 using spirometry and whole body plethysmography compared to placebo, when administered in addition to a beta2 agonist (salbutamol), a muscarinic antagonist (ipratropium) or placebo.
Background: Play during childhood is an important part of healthy development, and children can learn many things when they play. Much of the time that children spend playing is with toys. However, children at different ages need different types of toys to engage in healthy play. Understanding children s play with toys is important to the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), and to the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC). The CPSC rates toys that are currently available in the United States for children for age appropriateness. NICHD will share the findings of this study with CPSC to aid in their toy rating process. Objective: To categorize traditional and contemporary children s products and toys into age appropriate groups. Eligibility: Healthy children 6 months to 12 years old. Their parents. Design: Participants will be screened with a phone call with the parents. Participants will complete surveys online or on paper, and by phone. These will ask about demographic facts, behavior, thoughts on parenting and toys, and child development. Participants will have 1 study visit. The child will play with toys by himself or herself. Then they will play with their parent. A researcher will observe. The sessions will be videotaped. Children will share their thoughts about the toys by pointing at a smiley face scale.
The purpose of this non interventional study (NIS) was to observe the efficacy of Pollinex® Quattro as a short-term revaccination in patients who have already been successfully desensitized at least five years ago against grass-pollen but developed a recurrent allergy. The increasing prevalence of allergies represents a major problem for the health care system. Approximately 500 million people are suffering worldwide from allergic rhinitis (AR). Allergic rhinitis is a Type 1 hypersensitive disorder, initiated by IgE antibodies. Whereas seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) is caused by different allergens found outdoors such as grass, tree and weed pollen, perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR) is caused by allergens that are mainly found indoors such as dust mites, mould or animal hair. Specific immunotherapy (SIT) presently constitutes the only causal therapy available and is common practice. SIT is indicated in cases of IgE-mediated allergic diseases and includes two forms of treatment options: subcutaneous (SCIT) and sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT). Both therapies aim to train the immune system not react to supposed pathological allergens, but instead to develop tolerance to them. Even though allergy vaccinations have been applied for a century, the commonly used SCIT requires up to 90 injections over three to five years. Pollinex® Quattro is currently the only ultra-short term medicinal product which requires only four preseasonal injections. The immunological effect associated with Pollinex® Quattro shows an increase of allergen-specific IgG antibodies and a decrease of allergen-specific IgE antibodies as well as a shift from a Th2 to a more Th1 type-immune reaction.
This project is a randomized trial of two strategies to treat persons with genotype 1 HCV who currently inject drugs (PWIDs) with a once daily regime of ledipasvir-sofosbuvir (LDV-SOF) for 8 weeks. The study will enroll 30 participants and will assess the feasibility and acceptability of treating active PWIDs for HCV with LDV-SOF by modified directly observed therapy (mDOT) versus unobserved dosing, with motivational interviewing based adherence support; and assess through in-depth, semi-structured qualitative interviews, the challenges with time intensity required for mDOT and unobserved dosing interventions, and identify key factors affecting treatment adherence.
The primary purpose of the study is to determine if GARDASIL (V501) with four components is able to prevent cervical cancer, cervical dysplasia, including Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN)(Any Grade) and Adenocarcinoma In Situ (AIS), and genital warts.
The study compares the psychosocial outcomes of different management strategies for women with minor atypia (including ‘HPV effect’) detected on Pap smears: conventional management (a repeat Pap smear at 6 months) versus Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing, a new method proposed for the management of minor atypia and the informed choice of either management supported by a decision aid. The study examines women’s informed preferences for each of these options and compares the psychosocial outcomes in women who are or are not given the choice of management. HPV DNA testing offers considerable changes to the management of women with minor atypia and there is evidence from the USA which suggests that the use of HPV DNA testing as a triage strategy is effective for women within this group (Solomon et al 2001). The introduction of HPV DNA testing may bring both benefits and harms to women. These harms and benefits are not well understood. Examination of the psychosocial outcomes of HPV DNA testing compared to conventional management and women’s preferences for each is needed to guide decisions concerning HPV DNA testing in cervical screening in Australia and also internationally. Women diagnosed with minor atypia following a routine Pap smear will be randomised into one of the three management arms of the study (a) HPV DNA test, (b) Decision Aid (DA) with choice of management, or (c) a 6 month repeat Pap smear (conventional management).
Human Papilloma virus (HPV) are viruses that cause a common infection of the skin and genitals in men and women. Several types of HPV infection are transmitted by sexual activity and, in women, can infect the cervix (part of the uterus or womb). This infection often goes away by itself, but if it does not go away (this is called persistent infection), it can lead in women over a long period of time to cancer of the cervix. If a woman is not infected by HPV, it is very unlikely that she will get cervical cancer. This is an observer blind follow up study of the study HPV-001, which evaluated the ability of the HPV vaccine to prevent HPV infection. The current study invites all of the 1113 subjects in the HPV-001 study that received all three doses of vaccine/placebo to be enrolled and followed-up for several additional years to see if the HPV vaccine prevents HPV-16 and HPV-18 infections and to evaluate the safety of the vaccine. Subjects will remain in the same study group as in the primary study. No vaccine or placebo will be administered in this study. The Protocol Posting has been updated in order to comply with the FDA Amendment Act, Sep 2007.
Human Papilloma virus (HPV) are viruses that cause a common infection of the skin and genitals in men and women. Several types of HPV infection are transmitted by sexual activity and, in women, can infect the cervix (part of the uterus or womb). This infection often goes away by itself, but if it does not go away (this is called persistent infection), it can lead in women over a long period of time to cancer of the cervix. If a woman is not infected by HPV, it is very unlikely that she will get cervical cancer. This study will evaluate the efficacy of GSK Biologicals HPV 16/18 VLP/AS04 vaccine to prevent infection associated cervical pre-cancer and vaccine with HPV 16 or 18 and the vaccine safety, over 48 months, in young adolescents and women of 15/25 years of age at study start. Approximately 18.000 study subjects will either receive the HPV vaccine or a control vaccine (hepatitis A vaccine) administered intramuscularly according to a 0-1-6 month schedule. The Protocol Posting has been updated in order to comply with the FDA Amendment Act, Sep 2007. NOTE: Some 178 centers participate in this study. Given that the recruitment is completed, the researchers have listed one center per country in this website. If required, further details of centers available on request.
This is a multicentre study in which women were planned to receive either the Human Papillomavirus Vaccine (HPV) vaccine or control. Under Protocol Amendment 3, study participation will last approximately 48 months and involves a total of eleven scheduled visits. Under Protocol Amendment 4, study participation will last up to 84 months and involves a maximum of seventeen scheduled visits. The Protocol Posting has been updated due to protocol amendment 5 and in order to comply with the FDA Amendment Act, Sep 2007.
Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) has been clearly established as the central cause of cervical cancer. Indeed, certain oncogenic types of HPV can infect the cervix (part of the uterus or womb). This infection may go away by itself, but if it does not go away (this is called persistent infection), it can lead in women over a long period of time to cancer of the cervix. This study will evaluate the efficacy in prevention of persistent HPV-16 or HPV-18 cervical infection lasting at least 6 months, the immunogenicity and safety of GSK Biologicals HPV-16/18 vaccine (Cervarix TM ) over 24 months in Japanese adult women aged 20 - 25 years of age at study start. Approximately 1000 study subjects will either receive the HPV vaccine or a control vaccine (Hepatitis A vaccine) administered intramuscularly according to a 0-1-6 month schedule. The Protocol Posting has been updated in order to comply with the FDA Amendment Act, Sep 2007. The Protocol Posting has been updated to reflect changes as a consequence of an amendment to the protocol. Sections impacted are Official Title of the study and Intervention name.
Human papillomavirus (HPV)-infection belong to the most common sexually transmitted diseases worldwide. HIV-infected men having sex with men /MSM) are strongly associated with a higher prevalence of genitoanal HPV-infection, and perianal HPV-infections have been detected in up to 90% of HIV-positive men. The data concerning the incidence of oral HPV-infection in HIV-positive men, especially in the era of highly antiretroviral therapy, are conflicting. Thus, this prospective study mainly focuses on the incidence and prevalence of oral HPV-infection, spectrum of HPV-types, and oral high-risk HPV viral load in HIV-positive men. Human papillomavirus (HPV)-infection belong to the most common sexually transmitted diseases worldwide. Estimated prevalences of subclinical genital HPV-infection in the immunocompetent sexually active population range from 10 to above 50%. Genetic or iatrogenic immunosuppression is known to play a decisive role in the initiation of a variety of cutaneous neoplasias and their precursor lesions. In this context, HPV-associated anogenital malignancies occur with high frequency in patients with HIV-infection. In several studies, perianal HPV-infections have been detected in up to 90% of HIV-positive men and a high incidence of anal dysplasia has been reported in these patients. The data concerning the incidence of oral HPV-infection in HIV-positive men, especially in the era of highly antiretroviral therapy, are conflicting. Thus, this prospective study mainly focuses on the incidence and prevalence of oral HPV-infection, spectrum of HPV-types, and oral high-risk HPV viral load in HIV-positive men.
Background: - In most women, HPV infection does not cause symptoms and the infection goes away on its own. In a small percentage of women, the HPV infection does not go away and sometimes can result in cervical precancer or cancer. - There are several different types of HPV. A better understanding of which types are related to cervical precancer and cancer may help guide doctors in clinical management of women who test positive for HPV and better understand why some women develop disease while others do not. Objectives: - To determine whether certain types of HPV are more risky than others and if so, whether they warrant separate detection in screening for cervical precancer and cancer. - To determine if lasting infection by different HPV types carry different risk of cervical precancer and cancer. - To determine what viral and genetic factors influence the development of cervical precancer and cancer. - To evaluate new HPV tests and new biomarkers of cervical cancer risk. Eligibility: -Women 30 years of age and older who are in the cervical cancer screening program at the Kaiser Permanente health plan in Northern California. Women who tested positive for HPV and a random sample of women who tested negative for the virus are included. Design: - Data about participants genetic background and the type of carcinogenic HPV with which they are infected are analyzed. The carcinogenicity of the 15 HPV types with carcinogenic potential varies greatly.
Background: - Cancer of the cervix (bottom third of the uterus, or womb) can be prevented by regular Pap tests (also called Pap smears), which check for changes in the cells of the cervix. Because many women in the United States have regular Pap smears, cervical cancer is not common in this country. However, the disease is common among women in the Mississippi Delta because of poor participation in screening programs. - The major causes of cervical cancer are persistent human papillomaviruses (HPV) infection by cancer-associated HPV types and lack of screening. These viruses cause an infection that often goes away by itself, but if it does not go away, over a long time lead to cervical cancer. HPV causes cervical abnormalities, which are detected by Pap smears and then treated. Objectives: -To determine whether an at-home self-collection method for obtaining cells from the cervix can be a simple, safe and inexpensive way to screen for cervical cancer for women who don t go to the health clinic regularly. Eligibility: - Women who reside in the counties of Leflore, Sunflower, Washington or Tallahatchie, Mississippi. - Women between 26 and 65 years of age who are not pregnant and who have not had a hysterectomy. Design: Screening study participants undergo the following: - The doctor takes a cervical sample using the same self-collection device that women will use at home to self-collect.
RATIONALE: Finding certain changes in genes may help doctors predict which patients are at risk of developing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or invasive cervical cancer and may help the study of cancer in the future. PURPOSE: This clinical trial is studying genes that may predict which patients are at risk of developing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or invasive cervical cancer. OBJECTIVES: - Utilize molecular assays to identify a panel of hypermethylated genes that are predictive of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 3 or invasive cervical cancer (ICC) among patients with or without HIV infection. - Perform a nested case-control study assessing the risk of developing CIN3 in relationship to human papillomavirus (HPV) persistence, HIV, and the presence or acquisition of candidate hypermethylated genes in these patients. - Identify HIV-related factors (e.g., CD4 counts, viral load, and highly active antiretroviral therapy [HAART]) that might be associated with the presence or acquisition of specific hypermethylated genes in these patients. OUTLINE: This is a longitudinal, multicenter study. Patients undergo biopsy for removal of cervical tissue. Patients also undergo blood and urine sample collection. Samples are analyzed for the presence of cancer or changes that indicate that cancer might develop. Patients also undergo colposcopy at baseline and at 3 years. After completion of study procedures, patients are followed every 4 months for up to 3 years.
This is a randomised controlled trial of HPV testing with cytology triage for HPV positive women compared to liquid-based cervical cytology (LBC). Although LBC is not widely used for cervical cancer screening in Canada at present, the Pan-Canadian Cervical Cancer Forum has recommended its use and as it is likely to be the standard of care by the time these data are published, the trial has been designed to account for this. Further, LBC will improve the cost-effectiveness of HPV testing because the LBC medium is suitable for both HPV testing as well as cytology and thereby allows the triage testing to be undertaken from the same sample without having to recall the women. There is now an overwhelming body of data to show that HPV testing has the potential to improve the effectiveness of cervical cancer screening programs and thereby reduce rates of cervical cancer. As a result, there is a growing ethical dilemma in that we potentially have the means to prevent disease and death among Canadian women, and yet the studies that have been undertaken do not offer the standard of evidence that is required to change large-scale public health programs such as cervical cancer screening. In recognition of this, the Pan-Canadian Cervical Cancer Forum (PCCCF) has called for the evaluation of HPV testing within the context of a Canadian organised cervical cancer screening program. Given the potential health benefits that could be achieved, and that a pan-Canadian expert group has issued a consensus statement calling for the evaluation of HPV testing for primary screening, it is now an imperative that a properly designed and powered study be conducted to definitively establish whether it will provide the hypothesised health benefits within Canada.
This project will compare the rate of regression of minimally abnormal Pap smears to normal in women who receive Gardasil to a historical control group. Research hypothesis: Women with low grade cervical dysplasia on Papanicolaou (Pap) smear that receive Gardasil vaccination will revert to a normal within one year at a rate 33% higher than historical controls that did not receive Gardasil vaccination. This study is looking for additional clinical outcomes in women who are already getting the Gardasil vaccination. We are not giving the vaccination as part of the research protocol. This point will be stressed to patients. Their participation or non-participation will not impact their ability to receive the vaccine series. Their participation only impacts whether or not we will contact them in the future and whether or not we will review their medical records. Subjects will be enrolled into the study at the time of their presentation for colposcopy in the EAMC Family Medicine Clinic. Subjects will be screened for inclusion and exclusion criteria. Those found eligible will be consented for enrollment by one of the study investigators. Colposcopy records will also be searched for patients seen in the colposcopy clinic between the availability of Gardasil and the beginning of this study. Any patients who meet enrollment criteria will be contacted by phone and invited to participate in the study. These patients will be followed in the exact same way as patients enrolled upon presenting for the first time to the colposcopy clinic.
Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) has been clearly established as the central cause of cervical cancer. This Phase IIb study is designed to evaluate the the long-term efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of the 580299 HPV vaccine (CervarixTM) in a Brazilian cohort of women vaccinated in the phase IIb, blinded, primary study 580299/001 (NCT00689741) and having participated in follow-up study 580299/007 (NCT00120848). Only subjects who participated in the primary & follow-up study will be enrolled in this long-term follow-up study. Subjects were aged 15-25 years at the time of entry into the primary study. The Protocol Posting has been updated in order to comply with the FDA Amendment Act, Sep 2007. In this extension study, women who were vaccinated in the primary study, and participated in the follow-up study, will be followed with visits every 6 months.
The primary purpose of this study is to assess the psychosocial burden in women who have experienced an abnormal pap results after screening interventions. This study will be a Thailand, clinic-based, cross-sectional, questionnaire study. Approximately 151 female participants will be enrolled. Study staff will interview the subject to collect basis demographic data and self reported medical history. And the subjects will be given the questionnaire packet for self-administration. After subjects complete the packet, study staff will review the questionnaires for completeness prior to the study subject leaving the clinic.
Cervical cancer the most frequent neoplasm and the fifth mortality rate of malignancies of the women in the world. It results in about 1,000 women in Taiwan and about 200,000 women worldwide dying of cervical cancer each year. Human papilloma viruses (HPV) have been consistently implicated in causing cervical cancer especially those high-risk types (HPV 16,18,31,45) have been strongly associated with cervical cancer. Around 50-80 % of women are infected by HPV within their whole lives. However, only 1% of HPV-infected women have cervical cancer eventually. Seventy and 91% of HPV infection could be cleaned up by host immune responses within 1 and 2 years later. It shows that host immunity plays an important role in the progression, persistence, or regression of HPV infection. There are two main defense lines in the host immunity including innate immunity and adoptive immunity. Adoptive immunity plays more important roles in the defense of HPV infections than innate immunity. The adoptive immunity could be further divided into humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity. Humoral immunity regulated by Th2 helper T lymphocytes to generate memory B cells to produce antibody which provide the protective function to HPV infection. Cell-mediated immunity regulated by Th1 helper T lymphocytes to induce antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells which could kill the HPV-infected cells. Although there are many researches focused on the immunity to HPV infection, there is no conclusion about the relationship between humoral and cell-mediated immunities on HPV infection and roles of humoral and cell-mediated immunities in the prognosis of HPV-infected population and cervical cancer patients.
RATIONALE: Learning about young adults' knowledge and perceptions about risk factors for the human papilloma virus and cervical cancer may help doctors learn more about how to prevent human papilloma virus infection and cervical cancer in the future. PURPOSE: This clinical trial is studying knowledge and perceptions of the risk factors for human papilloma virus infection and cervical cancer in young adults. OBJECTIVES: - Describe the socio-demographic context of college students in an urban Midwestern setting. - Assess knowledge of the human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer in these participants. - Assess the population's perception of HPV risk. - Assess the prevalence of risk behaviors that may place this population at risk for HPV. - Identify the best predictors of HPV knowledge and cervical cancer knowledge. - Assess vaccine knowledge and acceptance in these participants. OUTLINE: Participants complete the Young Adult Survey online documenting demographic data; sexual history (i.e., whether they ever had sex, age of first sexual encounter, number of life time partners, condom use, sexually transmitted diseases [STDs], and pregnancy history); cigarette use; current and past drug use; knowledge of human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer; past history of Pap tests and STD screenings; attitudes towards HPV testing; vaccine knowledge and acceptability; sources of information about HPV; source of information about cervical cancer; identification of common STDs; perceived risk of acquiring STDs; perceived risk of acquiring HPV; social support; and religion.
The principal hypothesis of this study is that HPV testing and/or p16 testing, either alone or in combination or associated with a Pap smear, will demonstrate greater specificity for clinically significant precancerous disease than will a Pap smear alone and that these tests will be of comparable or superior sensitivity than the Pap smear.
The primary objectives of this study are to determine the acceptance and potential for the effective use of HPV vaccine in the standard and a modified schedule in female sex workers. Secondary objectives include ascertaining the prevalence of HPV types among female sex workers by age and sexual experience. FSWs are at higher risk of HPV infection and presumably cervical cancer, and the recently available vaccine has been shown to protect against persistent infection from these types. If this study gives evidence showing the vaccine is acceptable in preventing cervical HPV infection by types 16 and 18 in this population, then the burden of cervical cancer and cancer precursors could be drastically decreased through widespread vaccination of this target group. Vaccination at the point of entry of brothel based sex work may become a requirement to lower the burden of cervical cancer among FSWs and also among all other sex partners of clients of FSWs. A modified schedule may prove beneficial for FSWs in Peru to complete the vaccine regimen.
The Gardasil vaccine, a vaccine targeted towards the human papillomavirus (HPV), has been shown to prevent the transmission of several strains of HPV in young women. Women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may not respond as well to this vaccine, either due to having IBD or due to immunosuppressants used to control IBD. This study will test how well women with IBD respond to the Gardasil vaccine. Although guidelines exist for immunization of patients with inflammatory bowel disease, few studies exist demonstrating vaccine efficacy in this population. In patients with inflammatory bowel disease, lower than normal humoral responses have been shown with the tetanus toxoid booster, oral cholera, and influenza vaccinations. It is currently uncertain whether women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have an increased risk of cervical dysplasia and cancer. Gardasil, a vaccine against human papilloma viruses (HPV) 6, 11, 16, and 18, has been approved for the prevention of cervical dysplasias and cancers in women ages 9-26 years. However, its immune response in immunocompromised or immunosuppressed patients is unknown. Young women with inflammatory bowel disease who have not received the HPV vaccine will receive the vaccine. The vaccine is given in 3 doses over 6 months. Response to the vaccine will be measured 6 months after completing the vaccine series.
Background: - National Cancer Institute Protocol 04-C-N191, also known as the Costa Rica Vaccine Trial, was a double-blind controlled study of the effectiveness of an experimental human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine in preventing cervical cancer in young women in Costa Rica. Costa Rica was part of the first large study to show the association between HPV and cervical cancer, and the study contributed greatly to the understanding of this association. The women who have participated in the vaccine trial in Costa Rica are reaching the end of the follow-up period offered in the vaccine trial protocol, and as a result they are being offered the chance to have complementary vaccinations against HPV, hepatitis A, and hepatitis B. Objectives: - To offer participants in the Costa Rica Vaccine Trial the vaccine that they did not receive during the masked portion of the trial (HPV vaccine or hepatitis A vaccine) and hepatitis B vaccination. - To collect information about exposure to known and suspected risk factors for HPV infection and cervical cancer from women who are receiving vaccination against HPV at crossover. Eligibility: - Women who participated in National Cancer Institute Protocol 04-C-N191. Design: - All participants will be offered vaccination against hepatitis B. - Women who received the hepatitis A vaccine during the trial will be offered vaccination against HPV. - Women who received the HPV vaccine during the trial will be offered vaccination against hepatitis A.
Aim: In this project proposition the investigators would like to examine the effect of immune modulation by probiotics on the clearance of HPV-infections. This study provides a model for viral infection but also for cancer precursors. This would be an excellent model (and the only possible short-term model) to examine an effect on cancer precursors. Cancer precursors (cytological abnormalities such as L-SIL) are a scientifically accepted surrogate endpoint for cervical cancer, for example in HPV-vaccine studies. Research question: Does daily intake of probiotics lead to a better immune-response in HPV-infected women, i.e. does it facilitate clearance of the virus and/or regression of cytological lesions?
Approximately 65 million Pap smears are performed each year in the United States. The vast majority of results are negative (no abnormality identified) but about 5 percent to 8 percent are reported as abnormal. Most low-grade changes regress spontaneously; only a minority of such lesions would progress to a cancer precursor without treatment. However, there is no way to determine morphologically which patients are at risk or progression. Therefore, both high- and low-grade lesions were often managed with colposcopy and directed biopsy. It was anticipated that determining alternative management strategies would yield important potential benefits including fewer medical complications from over treatment, reduced patient anxiety associated with referral for cytologic abnormalities, as well as cost savings. Epidemiologic, virologic and molecular studies have clearly demonstrated that human papillomavirus (HPV) is the central cause of cervical cancer. The motivation for the ALTS trial was to use the information we have gained about the role of HPV to design better treatment and prevention strategies to reduce the burden of cervical cancer and its precursors. ALTS consisted of three management strategies: (1) immediate colposcopy of all women; (2) repeat cytology with colposcopy only if the results show a high grade lesion; and (3) HPV testing and repeat cytology in combination, with referral to colposcopy if either the HPV test is positive or the cytology shows a high grade lesion.
The purpose of the study is to determine the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and HPV type distribution among women aged >= 18 years, attending out-patient health services for gynaecological examination and who agree to HPV testing in Egypt .
This is a longitudinal observational study of women presenting to Groote Schuur Hospital with genital warts. The study will evaluate the socio-demographic characteristics of the women using a structured questionnaire. It will also document the site and extend of the genital warts and genotyping will be performed on the warts. HIV status will be determined with patient consent, treatment modalities will be documented as will the outcome of treatment over a 6 month's period. Risk factors for recurrence or failure of treatment will be analysed as will the costs of treating women with genital warts. Genital Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most common sexually transmitted viral disease in the world.1,2 HPV infection on genital epithelia is associated with a range of disease spectra, from visible lesions such as genital warts, cervical, vaginal, vulval, anal and penile intraepithelial cancers and their precursors, or they may co- exist in the latent form in apparently normal epithelium.3,4 It is established that genital warts are associated with low-risk HPV genotypes, with the causative agents being HPV-6 and HPV-11 in almost 100% of cases.5 However, recent studies have shown that 20 to 50% of lesions also contain co-infection with high-risk HPV types.6,7 Although genital warts are not life-threatening, they cause significant psychosocial morbidities resulting in low self-esteem, negative self-perception, embarrassment and anxiety.8,9 Genital warts also represent not only a health problem for the individual, but also an economic burden for society as they carry a high and immediate financial burden and health care cost due to their generally recalcitrant response to conventional therapies.9 With this in mind, immunization with HPV 6/11/16/18 recombinant vaccine holds promise for reducing overall burden on clinical HPV-related diseases.
The aim of the study is to assess the distribution of the most frequent types of human papillomavirus in African women diagnosed with invasive cervical cancer.
This study aims to determine the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) and to assess the HPV type distribution among women >= 15 years of age, attending routine gynaecological examination in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Background: - Low-cost molecular human papillomavirus (HPV) testing may offer a more robust alternative to Pap smears and visual inspection for cervical cancer screening of underserved women. Two low-cost molecular tests for human HPV, the HPV E6 Test and the careHPV test, have been developed to detect cervical cancer by testing for HPV DNA. These tests take between 2 and 3 hours to run and may provide point-of-care (diagnostic testing at or near the site of patient care) testing for HPV. Researchers are interested in evaluating both tests to determine the best strategy for HPV testing of women who live in rural or underserved areas that have a high prevalence of cervical cancer diagnoses. Objectives: - To evaluate the clinical performance of the HPV E6 Test and careHPV in detecting cervical cancer and precancerous lesions. - To evaluate the best low-cost test or combination of tests for women who have been referred for cervical cancer screening or treatment. - To compare the clinical performance of self-collected specimens versus clinician-collected specimens in detecting cervical cancer and precancerous lesions. Eligibility: - Women between 25 and 65 years of age who live in rural China. Design: - This study involves an initial testing visit and a 1-year followup visit for a high-risk subgroup. - Participants will have the HPV E6 test, careHPV, and a visual inspection test for cervical cancer. For comparison, participants will also have the standard HPV test approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.