mteb/BIRCO-ClinicalTrial-Test huggingface dataset:
Background: - Many service members have reported feeling tired, a loss of motivation, mood changes, and problems working with others after they have a concussion during deployment. These problems may lead to problems with their job and relationships. This study hopes to figure out what parts of the brain may be affected in people with these problems after a concussion. Objectives: - To learn more about the problems that may occur after service members have a concussion during deployment and return home. Eligibility: - Service members or veterans between 18 and 40 years of age who have had a mild traumatic brain injury (concussion) in the past 6 months. - Companions (at least 18 years of age) of the service members will also be included in this study. Companions will have interacted with the service member at least 1 hour a week since deployment. Design: - Service members will have 1 week of tests at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center. Companions will have 2 days of tests at the Center. - Each day, service members will have 4 or 8 hours of tests. Tests will include a medical history and physical exam, neuropsychological tests and imaging studies. The tests will ask about fatigue, stress, mood, pain, daily activities, and family support. The imaging studies will measure brain function at rest and during activity.
The main objectives of this study are to describe medical professionals responsible of the management of patients with MDD in a representative region of Andalusia (in terms of type of sites managing the disease, and referral to SC criteria); Describe MDD patient characteristics at inclusion in the PISMA-Ep Study; and to evaluate those factors associated to a higher incidence of referral from PC to SC. Assessment of MDD management strategies in Andalusia: A Sub-analysis of the PismaEP Study
The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of an inflammatory and a psychosocial stressor and the combination thereof on mood in healthy young and elderly participants and patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). This is a 2-way crossover (method used to switch patients from one treatment arm to another in a clinical study), randomized (the study medication is assigned by chance), placebo-controlled (an inactive substance that is compared with a study medication to test whether the medication has a real effect in a clinical study) study in 3 cohorts (group of individuals with similar characteristics) ie, 18 healthy young female participants; 18 healthy elderly female participants; 18 female patients with a past history of MDD. Participants will be randomized to 1 of 6 possible treatment groups: Group 1: Treatment AB, Group 2: Treatment BA, Group 3: Treatment AC, Group 4: Treatment CA, Group 5: Treatment AD, Group 6: Treatment DA, where Treatment A is placebo vaccination, Treatment B is typhoid vaccination, Treatment C is psychosocial stress (Trier Social Stress Test [TSST]) followed by placebo vaccination, and Treatment D is psychosocial stress (TSST) followed by typhoid vaccination. Participants from each of the 3 cohorts will be randomized to these 6 treatment groups. In all the 6 groups the 1st treatment comes under Period 1 and 2nd treatment under Period 2 (eg, In Group 1: Treatment A [Period 1] and Treatment B [Period 2]) and there will be a minimally 7- and maximally 14- day washout period (period when no treatment is received) between the study periods.
This study will evaluate the effectiveness of Sober Network Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) in treating women with depression and comorbid substance abuse. Substance use disorder (SUD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are significant and interconnected public health problems facing women, especially perinatal women. Perinatal women with co-occurring SUD-MDD are of public health concern because they face numerous neonatal and obstetrical risks in addition to the emotional distress, impairment, and adverse health effects associated with these disorders. MDD is common in women with SUD, often does not remit with SUD treatment, increases the risk of poor SUD treatment outcome, and should be treated. Despite the serious morbidity associated with both SUD and MDD in perinatal women and despite the consensus among perinatal researchers that there is a need for population-specific treatments that address the unique set of challenges associated with this period of a women's life, virtually no interventions have been developed or tested to address the specific needs of perinatal women with comorbid substance use and depression. Furthermore, many tests of existing treatments for SUD-MDD in any population have demonstrated limited efficacy for at least one of the two disorders. The investigators propose to pilot test a novel 18-20 week group treatment for SUD-MDD, Sober Network Interpersonal Psychotherapy(IPT), which focuses on network support strategies for SUD (i.e., enhancement of active sober support) within a broader Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) framework.
The investigators are doing this study to find out if they can use electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings, which measure brain waves, to predict response to antidepressant treatments, as well as to distinguish patients who have depression from those who do not. In particular the investigators want to test the usefulness of a new type of analysis of EEG recordings called brain network activation or BNA. BNA allows to identify patterns of activation in brain networks and to track their changes over time.
Primary care physicians have emerged as the predominant mental health care providers for diagnosing and treating depression. The majority of patients with mood disorders receive treatment in the primary care setting, within which approximately 10-30% of all patients present with a depressive disorder. Comprehensive 'Collaborative Care' models of depression management significantly improve depression outcomes and health-related quality of life. Core features of these programs include use of a trained depression care manager to closely coordinate with primary care clinicians, support treatment recommendations, provide patient education, conduct patient follow-up to ensure adequate treatment, and manage as-needed access to psychiatrists for patients with more complex presentations. Evidence based Collaborative Care models do not currently weave in the use of web-based or mobile technologies. These technologies offer unique features that may make collaborative depression care more effective. The digital health coaching program for depressive symptoms enhanced during Phase I of the current project is a web-based tool featuring video, text, links and graphics which provide patients with education, self-management techniques, tailored feedback, and tools for tracking treatment progress. The RESPECT-D (Re-engineering Systems of Primary Care Treatment of Depression) intervention is a collaborative depression management model for primary care. The primary objective of this project is to compare the efficacy of an enhanced Collaborative Care model for depression (RESPECT-D-E) to the standard model (RESPECT-D) for patients with minor and major depression and dysthymic disorder.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of 2 different therapy courses for undergraduate college students who binge drink and experience depressive symptoms. After a screening visit (2 ½ hrs) to confirm eligibility for the study, all participants will receive 8 weekly, 1-hour, individual sessions therapy with a counselor. Participants will be randomly assigned, by chance, like the flip of a coin, to the therapy course they will attend. In one of the therapy courses, students are asked questions about their drinking and receive personalized feedback about it, and are taught coping skills for their depressive symptoms. In the second course, students are also taught coping skills for their depressive symptoms but they may or may not talk about alcohol consumption depending on the students' preference. So, both courses teach the same coping skills for depressive symptoms but include different levels of focus on alcohol. Participants will also complete 2 follow-up visits, at the end of the 8 sessions and then again 4 weeks after completing treatment. These will involve filling out some questionnaires and completing a few neuropsychological tests (these questionnaires and neuropsychological tests will also be completed during the screening visit).
Background: - Stress can cause people to give in to temptations to eat less healthily. People who are on weight loss diets often have problems sticking to their diets when they are stressed. Some tests have shown that the drug pexacerfont can help reduce stress-related seeking of high-calorie foods. However, it has not been tested on reducing food craving. Researchers want to test pexacerfont on people who are on diets to see if it can reduce stress-related food cravings. Objectives: - To see if pexacerfont can help reduce stress-induced food cravings. Eligibility: - Individuals between 21 and 65 years of age who are on a diet to control their weight. Design: - Participants will be screened with a physical exam and medical history. This study requires seven visits over about 35 days. - Participants will take either pexacerfont or placebo pills during the study. They will have three pills every morning. They will record video of themselves taking the pills every day. - Every evening, participants will fill out a questionnaire. It will ask questions about feelings and behaviors related to eating and food craving. - Participants will have regular study visits while taking the pills. The visits will involve questions about stressful situations and food cravings. One visit will involve a mildly stressful math test, followed by tasting of different foods. This test will look at whether pexacerfont can affect food preferences.
This study includes two sub-trials. Both are included in this singe registration since they have parallel inclusion of participants and have been approved by the Swedish ethics board together in one application. Trial 1 includes patients with both insomnia and major or minor depression. Participants are randomized to either a combined therapist guided Internet-CBT for insomnia and depression, or to Internet-CBT for depression with an addition of a placebo intervention for insomnia. The primary purpose is to evaluate changes in insomnia and depression severity for the combination treatment compared to the depression treatment, after treatment and at 6 and 36 months follow up. A secondary purpose is to evaluate cognitive functioning before and after treatment, as well as cost effectiveness. Recruitment is done in the Stockholm County through mass media and the Internet psychiatry clinic's regular patient recruitment. Trial 2 includes patients with insomnia who do not meet criteria for major or minor depression. All participants start therapist guided Internet-CBT for insomnia. After 4 weeks patients that are judged to be at risk of treatment failure are randomized to either continued treatment or treatment with added support intended to enhance outcome. The primary purpose is to evaluate change in insomnia severity for participants who get added support, compared to continued treatment with regular support level. A secondary purpose is to evaluate cognitive functioning before and after treatment, as well as cost effectiveness. Recruitment is done in the Stockholm County through mass media and the Internet psychiatry clinic's regular patient recruitment.
Aim 1 is to study prevalence and 1 year incidence of metabolic syndrome in major depressive disorder and factors correlation. Aim 2 is to study prevalence and 1 year incidence of thyroid dysfunction in major depressive disorder and factors correlation.
This is a pilot study to test the hypothesis that the antidepressants mirtazapine and citalopram are effective treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD) in cancer patients. Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a debilitating illness associated with increased mortality and significant impairment in quality of life. The prevalence of MDD is particularly high in patients with cancer, as much as 38% in some studies. The study of depression in cancer patients is particularly important, as these co-morbid illnesses can frequently complicate the management of each other. In addition to affecting quality of life, poorly controlled depression can affect cancer treatment adherence and can lead to poor treatment outcomes. Depression can be challenging to diagnose in patients with cancer. A spectrum of depressive symptoms can be seen, ranging from appropriate sadness in response to a life threatening diagnosis, to a major depressive episode. The diagnosis is confounded by the symptoms brought on by the cancer and its treatment, such as fatigue, insomnia, anorexia, and pain. Medications commonly used in cancer patients such as narcotics, benzodiazepines, antihistamines, steroids, antibiotics, chemotherapy, and endocrine therapy can all lead to side effects that further confuse the picture. However, while challenging, evidence does suggest that a valid diagnosis of depression can be made in this patient population. The current standard for diagnosing MDD is the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - Fourth Edition - Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR), which was published in 2000 by the American Psychiatric Association.
This study aims to examine the relationship between mood and brain activity in adolescent girls in order to better understand the genetic and neural predictors of adolescent depression. The participants in this study will be healthy female adolescents aged 12-14 and their mothers. They will participate for a total of six months. Adolescent participants will have three study sessions at McLean Hospital, and during two of them, their mothers will also have assessments. Adolescent assessments will include interviews, questionnaires, computer tasks, and collection of a saliva sample for genetic analyses. Their second study visit will include an fMRI scan. Parent assessments will include an interview, questionnaires, and a computer task.
Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) has an effective evidence base in the west and is recommended by the national bodies in many countries in the West. Our group has adapted CBT for depression and psychosis in Pakistan for use with local clients. Initial evaluations have found that these therapies are effective. However, due to the financial restraints it would be useful if the investigators find that brief version of the CBT might be applicable and effective in non western cultures. Therefore in this study, the investigators will be testing effectiveness of brief version of culturally adapted CBT for depression in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) in Pakistan. BACKGROUND There is a strong evidence base in favour of the CBT on its role in treating Depression and Anxiety (Embling et. al., 2002; Thase et. al., 2000; Rief. et .al, 2000)). CBT has been shown to be effective for prophylaxis (Shaw, 1989) and for the prevention of depressive relapse (Paykel et al, 1999, Fava et al; 1999). The current evidence suggests that Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) is as effective as antidepressants for treating depression (DeRubeis, Hollon et al. 1982; Murphy, Simons et al. 1984; Simons, Murphy et al. 1986), and is more effective than antidepressants in preventing relapse (Evans, Hollon et al.
College counseling centers (CCCs) are being faced with increasing demands for services to meet the treatment needs of their students, in the context of increasingly severe cases and declining resources. Innovative, cost effective solutions are needed. The proposed project seeks to meet these needs by testing a web-based guided self-help version of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), an evidence-based transdiagnostic therapy found to effectively treat a range of psychological problems. An ACT program would provide a means of implementing effective treatment for the range of problems in the CCC setting, while the guided self-help format would reduce counselors' workload, improving cost-effectiveness and reducing waiting lists. This would both treat students and train counselors in how to implement the ACT intervention. Three self-help lessons have been developed, as well as a counselor portal to review students' use of the program and to receive training on implementing ACT guided self-help. The study is a pre-post, open(i.e., non-randomized) feasibility trial with 20 counselors and 60 clients from multiple CCCs throughout the country. Nearly half of all college students have a diagnosable mental health problem. College counseling centers (CCCs) are faced with increasing demands for services from Universities, students, and parents to meet the treatment needs of their students, in the context of increasingly severe cases and declining resources. Innovative, cost effective solutions are needed that can improve treatment effectiveness with a range of presenting problems while reducing counselor workloads.
Background: Most adolescents suffering depression are treated in primary care clinics. Cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) is effective in the treatment of adolescent depression. The availability of appropriately trained CBT therapist may be limited, especially in primary care clinics. One way to increase the availability of CBT is to use computer-assisted CBT (c-CBT). It can be effective in the treatment of adults, although the outcomes in adolescents remain unclear. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine whether a computer-assisted cognitive-behavioral therapy is effective for the treatment of depression in adolescents between 15 and 19 years of age in 4 primary care clinics in Santiago, Chile. Study design: A two-arm single-blind (outcomes assessor) randomized controlled trial will be carried out with 216 adolescents. The efficacy, the adherence, and acceptability of the computerized-assisted cognitive behavioral therapy will be evaluated. This is a two-arm, single-blind (blinded only to outcome assessor), individually randomized controlled trial, which will compare the efficacy of computer-assisted CBT versus usual treatment for depression in adolescents in primary care clinics in Santiago, Chile. General aim To carry out a randomized controlled trial to compare the efficacy of a computer-assisted CBT intervention versus usual care to treat depression in adolescents in primary care clinics in Santiago, Chile. Specific aims 1. To compare the level of depressive symptoms of adolescents suffering depression treated with computer-assisted CBT versus usual care in primary care clinics.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether combination of antidepressant drugs plus interpersonal psychotherapy is superior to antidepressant drugs alone in treatment resistant depression.
This project, which will innovatively combine risk factor research and evidence-based prevention programs, will advance knowledge on personalized approaches to prevention that may be able to better"bend trajectories" of depression that surge throughout adolescence. A randomized controlled trial will deliver equal doses of IPT-AST and CWS for the prevention of depression in adolescents. These two programs are designed to address distinct risk factors for depression - CWS addresses cognitive risks and IPT-AST addresses interpersonal risks. A total of 210 participants across two sites, University of Denver and Rutgers University, will be stratified on cognitive and interpersonal risk and randomized to the two conditions. The goals of the study are to (1) demonstrate that prevention programs can modify depression trajectories among youth by examining within person changes in trajectories over time (three years before and three years after the prevention programs) and by comparing trajectories of prevention youth with changes in same aged cohorts; (2) evaluate a personalized prevention approach to bending depression trajectories by matching and mismatching youth to either CWS or IPT-AST based on individual risk profiles; (3) examine mechanisms of bending depression trajectories and test whether the prevention programs operate via their hypothesized processes; and (4) explore how genetic susceptibility, emotion regulation, and temperament may affect individual response to IPT-AST and CWS. By implementing evidence-based prevention programs after 3-years of prospective naturalistic data collection, this study will contribute essential data on personalized medicine and altering developmental trajectories of first-onset depression.
Most college students with mental disorders do not receive treatment, and over 80% of those who die by suicide have never made contact with campus mental health services. Knowledge, stigma, and other health beliefs represent significant barriers to help-seeking for many of these students. However, there have been no large-scale intervention studies for reducing these barriers to mental health treatment on college campuses. This project will fill this gap by determining whether a community mental health education program, Mental Health First Aid (MHFA), is an effective method to increase number of students who seek mental health services on college campuses. MHFA is an international, 12-hour training program that has been shown to increase knowledge of mental illnesses and their treatments, decrease stigma, and increase helping behaviors in community members. However, it has not been tested in a college setting in the United States. To determine the effectiveness of MHFA in US colleges, the proposed project will involve a randomized control trial of the MHFA training program on 32 campuses representing a range of higher education institutions, from community colleges in rural areas to research universities in large, urban areas. The MHFA training program will be administered to peer supports such as residential advisors. Administrative data from campus mental health services and pre- and post-intervention surveys will be used to collect outcome data on service utilization, knowledge, attitudes, and other measures.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders, with high recurrence rate, suicide rate and disability rate. It's reported that the global burden caused by MDD will be up to the second rank among all the disease burdens by 2020. China is also confronted with the daunting challenges against MDD. It's assessed that the monthly incidence of MDD is 6.1%, non-hospitalizing rate reaches up to 92% and the non-treatment rate is approximate 95%. However, to date, the pathogenesis of MDD is obscure and the current therapies don't work well. Therefore, it's urgent and critical to elucidate the pathogenesis of MDD, to develop early diagnostic criteria and effective intervention in MDD. Considering the diversity of weights on genetic factor and environmental factor in MDD, in this project, the investigators aim firstly to explore the effect of "genetic-environmental interaction"on the pathogeny of MDD for classifying MDD into "genetic type", "environmental type" and "others" based on a case-control study. We next conduct the neurobiological, electrophysiological, neurocognitive and psycho-behavioral assessments among MDD, schizophrenia and healthy groups to screen the salient endophenotypes for establishing the diagnostic models of different MDD subtypes. The investigators further analyse the changes of these indicators after 8 weeks'medication or 8 times' MECT to select the potential predictors for therapeutic evaluations and interventional options in different subtype MDD.
Hope is important for family/friends of persons with dementia residing in Long Term Care Facilities. Our research team has developed a program (Living with Hope) to increase hope and quality of life of family caregivers. The Living with Hope Program involves a) viewing the Living with Hope film which features caregivers of persons with dementia describing their hope and b) a hope activity entitled "Stories of the Present". A new Living with Hope film entitled "Connecting with Hope" has been produced and will be used in this pilot study. The purpose of this pilot study is to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of the Living With Hope Program and collect preliminary data on the effectiveness of the Living with Hope Program for family members of persons with dementia residing in Long Term Care. 30 participants will be recruited from St. Joseph's Auxiliary hospital, the Alzheimer's Society of Alberta, and the Alberta Caregivers Association in Edmonton based on inclusion criteria. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: treatment (Watching a film on hope and Stories of the Present for one month); low dose group (Stories of the Present only); or usual care group. In all groups measures of hope, quality of life, self-efficacy and guild will be collected at visit 1, day 7, day 14 and one month in addition to demographic information.
Fatigue is a common symptom in patients with multiple sclerosis, however, its nature is not completely understood. Fatigue overlaps often with other symptoms such as somnolence, depression and cognitive disorders, from which it is not always readily distinguished. The evaluation of fatigue and the three most frequently associated symptoms using a multidimensional approach might allow to understand, which methodology is the best indicated to estimate the prevalence of fatigue with greatest accuracy, leading to a better differentiation of the symptoms in the diagnostic setting. Objectives: 1- to provide a detailed characterization of fatigue in a cohort of selected MS patients, including a definition of the boundaries and the overlaps between fatigue, somnolence, mood disorders and attention dysfunction; 2- to see how the prevalence and the overlaps between fatigue, somnolence, depression and attention dysfunction are influenced by the method of assessment. 3-To better characterize the sleep structure in MS patients with fatigue under both the macro- and microstructural point of view.
Medical students score higher than the general population on measures of depression, anxiety, fatigue, poor sleep and sleepiness. Data suggest that disparages in circadian phase might contribute to these problems. From an internal validity standpoint, first year medical students are an ideal group to study. The majority of the students will be matched on variables such as education, age, and intelligence. However, more importantly, they have a nearly identical life style when it comes to factors such as schedule, living conditions, level of stress, and timing of stressors. The specific aim and hypothesis is:Medical students randomized to sleep hygiene counseling plus simulated dawn will report less depression, anxiety, fatigue, sleepiness, and sleep disruption (as measured by standardized questionnaires) than students randomized to just sleep hygiene counseling. There is a substantial and growing body of literature that has identified medical students as a group that suffers from increased levels of depression, anxiety, and other markers of "psychological distress". Other studies have demonstrated that in conjunction with the "psychological distress", medical students suffer from sleep deprivation, sleep disruption, and daytime sleepiness. Finally there is some preliminary evidence that residents and interns show increased symptoms of fatigue. It might reasonably be assumed that all of these symptoms are inter-related and more importantly detrimental to both the student and those patients under their care.
The aim of this study is to assess whether the application of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) enhances and prolongs the learning enhancement achieved by anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (atDCS). For this, young and older healthy subjects will be tested with a well established learning paradigm. Results of this study may help to support the application of atDCS also in patients, e.g. with dementia or mild cognitive impairment.
The primary goal of the proposed research is to assess the effectiveness of the Adolescent Depression Awareness Program (ADAP), a school-based depression education program, in increasing depression literacy and treatment seeking in high school students. The ADAP intervention will be carried out in approximately 60 schools with over 15,000 students. The following are ADAP Implementation Sites: Baltimore Archdiocese High Schools; New Castle County, Delaware; Washtenaw County, Michigan; and York County, Pennsylvania. The primary goal of the proposed research is to assess the effectiveness of the Adolescent Depression Awareness Program (ADAP), a school-based depression education program, in increasing depression literacy and treatment seeking. This proposal will have broad reach as the intervention will be carried out in 66 schools with over 15,000 students. The lifetime prevalence of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) in the United States is high, ranging from 15% to 17%. Its usual symptom onset occurs early in life, during teen or young adult years. It has been estimated that 8.5% of youth ages 12 to 17 (over 2 million adolescents) experienced at least one Major Depressive Episode in the past year (SAMHSA Office of Applied Studies, 2008). Nearly half (48.3%) of these youth reported severe impairment in at least one of four major role domains (home, school/work, family relationships, or social life).
The Supporting Healthy Marriage (SHM) evaluation was launched in 2003 to test the effectiveness of a skills-based relationship education program designed to help low- and modest-income married couples strengthen their relationships and to support more stable and more nurturing home environments and more positive outcomes for parents and their children. The evaluation was led by MDRC with Abt Associates and other partners, and it was sponsored by the Administration for Children and Families, in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. SHM was a voluntary, year long, marriage education program for lower-income, married couples who had children or were expecting a child. The program provided group workshops based on structured curricula; supplemental activities to build on workshop themes; and family support services to address participation barriers, connect families with other services, and reinforce curricular themes. The study's random assignment design compared outcomes for families who were offered SHM's services with outcomes for a similar group of families who were not but could access other services in the community.
This study will evaluate the safety and efficacy of onabotulinumtoxinA (BOTOX®) compared with placebo as treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD) in adult females.
The current literature in social epidemiology and public health suggests that low financial savings has an unsurprising negative relationship with subjective well-being, and increases the odds of making visits to a healthcare provider, receiving a chronic disease diagnosis, and experiencing medical disability. Earn.org is a community-based non-profit based in San Francisco with a mission to help low-income workers build lifelong savings habits and financial capability. The organization is one of the largest providers of "goal-based savings accounts" or "matched savings accounts" in the US. The investigators propose to conduct a randomized controlled trial to determine the health effects of Earn's savings program. Through this trial, the investigators will test three principal hypotheses: (1) Participants in the Earn account, as compared to a control group, are hypothesized to demonstrate improved scores on mental health scales assessing depression and anxiety. (2) Participants in the Earn account, as compared to a control group, are hypothesized to experience lower odds of harmful behaviors associated with stress, specifically tobacco and alcohol abuse. The investigators hypothesize that the effect on behaviors will be of smaller effect size, and more delayed, than the effect on mental health outcomes, judging from similar effects observed in the micro-credit literature. (3) The mediating variables between Earn account participation and beneficial health outcomes will include increased optimism and internal locus of control.
The rate of adult obesity in the United States has increased more than two times since 1970, and the rate of child-teen obesity has increased by four times. One of the antecedents of obesity is an inactive lifestyle. Exercise has been known to be associated with increases in both physical and mental health by increasing longevity, preventing risk of obesity, coronary heart disease, and hypertension, and increasing self-esteem and overall quality of life. The broad aim of the current study is to investigate the effectiveness of psychoeducational training to increase exercise activity initiation and maintenance in young adults. The goal of this study is to compare three training approaches for college students to increase exercise behavior. One approach provides general information on the different types of exercises and benefits of engaging in exercise behavior after an initial questionnaire assessment session. A second approach includes the general exercise information and questionnaire assessment as well as training on how to create specific goal intentions (i.e., implementation intentions) to aid in exercise initiation. A third approach uses all the components of the second approach but also tests the utility of a personality-informed module by incorporating concepts from the theory of learned industriousness. It is expected that the third approach will be the most effective in helping participants initiate and maintain their exercise activities during the course of the study duration. The aims of the study (mentioned in the Brief Summary) will be addressed using a 6-month multi-wave assessment of approximately 200 college students.
Among antidepressant treatments, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) remains the most effective. However, patient concerns with cognitive side effects have encouraged trials of new, non-convulsive forms of mild brain stimulation such as transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS). Our past and present studies of tDCS suggest that it has antidepressant effects and is safe, painless and well tolerated. However, not all patients may have an adequate response, raising the need to find ways of optimising efficacy. This clinical pilot study will examine the feasibility and safety of combining tDCS with a cognitive training task which engages the same brain region targeted by tDCS for treatment of depression.
Spain is the second country in the world that consume more drugs. The average drug expenditure per capita in Andalucía during 2011 was 219.2 €. This drug spending increases during the perimenopausal period. According to the Study of the Economic Impact of Sport on Health Spending of the Ministry of Health of the Generalitat of Catalonia, for every euro invested in sports promotion 50 euros are saved in health spending accumulated over 15 years. The main objectives of this project are: i) To analyze the (cost-effectiveness) effect of an exercise program on the prescription of drugs in a sample of Andalusian women aged 45-60 years. ii ) To study the level of physical activity and sedentarism (measured objectively by accelerometry ) , functional capacity , quality of life and clinical profile of this population. iii ) To analyze the relationship between levels of physical activity / sedentarism and pharmaceutical expenditure. In the present project, an exercise program aimed at minimizing symptoms and health problems associated with the perimenopausal period will be performed (Dyslipidemia, diabetes, anxiety, depression, quality of life, quality of sleep, obesity, osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease). A total of 160 perimenopausal women will be randomly assigned to the intervention group exercise (n = 80 ) or to the usual care group (n = 80). Participants in the intervention group will train 3 days / week ( 60 min per session ) for 16 weeks.
Antipsychotic drugs are characterized by blocking dopaminergic D2 receptors. They have been found to be effective and safe for the treatment of schizophrenia, bipolar disorders, depressive episodes associated with bipolar disorder, or psychotic symptoms in the context of Parkinson's disease. Atypical antipsychotics have lower blocking potency on D2 receptors, at the time that interact with serotoninergic, adrenergic and histaminergic receptors, among others. Quetiapine extended-release has the same clinical efficacy as the immediate-release formulation, but reduces the amount of daily doses, possibly contributing to increased treatment adherence. The purpose of this registry is to explore adherence to treatment, the occurrence of adverse drug reactions and the clinical outcomes in a sample of patients under treatment with atypical antipsychotics in several Central American countries. For this study, clinical data will be extracted from the medical records of 1000 patients with schizophrenia, depressive disorders or Parkinson's Disease with hallucinations. Occurrence of adverse drug reactions, namely weight gain, somnolence, extrapyramidal reactions and symptoms of orthostatic hypotension; adherence to treatment; and changes in quality of life and clinical status will be assessed during the first 8 weeks of treatment.
To compare the clinical and cost-effectiveness of blended Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) for adults with major depressive disorder (MDD) with treatment as usual (TAU) in Swiss patients in secondary care Background Depression is a common mental disorder with a negative impact on mental well-being, quality of life, and social and work-related functioning both in the short and longer term. Additionally, depression is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, health care utilization and health care costs. On a population level, depression is one of the most costly diseases. The economic costs of depression were estimated at €136.3 billion (EU25) in 2010 in the EU and are still rising. European health care systems face the challenge of improving access to cost-effective treatments while simultaneously working to sustain budgetary stability in times of economic austerity. Internet-based depression treatment appears a very promising alternative to current routine depression treatment strategies. Meta-analyses have demonstrated the clinical effectiveness and potential cost-effectiveness of Internet-based treatment for depression in controlled research setting. Internet-based treatment thus has the potential to keep depression treatment affordable, as it enables mental health care providers to reach out to large populations needing depression treatment at a better cost-effectiveness than those of standard treatment as usual (TAU), but with similar levels of clinical efficacy and quality of care. The trials will be conducted in 8 European countries. Objective To compare the clinical and cost-effectiveness of blended CBT and TAU in secondary care Methods In Switzerland, a randomized-controlled trial will be carried out in secondary care, comparing the clinical and cost-effectiveness of CBT and TAU for adults with major depressive disorder (MDD).
Objectives: 1. To evaluate the relationship between improvement of Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) score and basal SERT availability (binding potential) for the prognosis of MDD subjects being treated with Sertraline HCl 2. To evaluate the SERT availability by means of I-123-ADAM SPECT imaging study for assisting in detecting MDD 3. To evaluate the relationship between basal HAMD score and basal SERT availability for MDD subjects 4. To evaluate the relationship between basal HAMD somatic subscale score and basal SERT availability for MDD subjects 5. To evaluate the relationship between change of SERT availability and change of HAMD score for MDD patients being treated with Sertraline HCl Background: Serotonin transporter (SERT) plays an important role in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders such as anxiety and depression and is the primary target of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) which are posited to exert their effect in treating psychiatric disorders aforementioned by this mechanism. I-123-ADAM is a selective radioligand for imaging SERT using SPECT. Research showed that it displayed an extremely high binding affinity to SERT sites. Previous literature also suggested the potential role of I-123-ADAM SPECT as useful in understanding how serotonin system affected depression. This study aims to evaluate the SERT availability by means of I-123-ADAM SPECT imaging study in drug-free subjects for prognosing MDD treatment and assisting in detecting MDD. Methods: We enrolled patients who had major depressive disorder but was free from prior antidepressant medication for at least 5 times of elimination half-lives and healthy controls.
Depression affects 350 million people worldwide. In the light of the global disease burden statistics, the efficacy of current treatments for depression appears insufficient. Thus, research on novel treatment interventions and predictors for good treatment response are warranted. Earlier prospective follow-up studies and intervention studies suggest that several bio-psychosocial factors, including high serum concentrations of vitamin D, are related to better treatment outcomes. In this follow-up study with randomized clinical vitamin D supplementation trial on patients with depression, the investigators aim to 1. clarify how a six-month intervention with vitamin D supplementation affects treatment response, recovery, and the biological pathways related to depression. This aims to finding potential sub-groups getting benefits from vitamin D supplementation. In addition, the investigators want to 2. investigate and characterize factors related to recovery from depression and working ability in depression patients in the long-term. The investigators are especially interested in the bio-psychosocial factors and the aims include examining both the individual's positive resources. The trial will start with a six-month double-blinded randomized controlled trial with vitamin D supplementation. The aim is to recruit altogether 3028 patients with non-psychotic, unipolar depression, aged 18-65 years, who are referred to the recruitment sites for treatment for depression. The participants will be randomized to low (10 µg/day) or high (100 µg/day) vitamin D supplementation group. Clinically necessary antidepressant treatments will continue during the intervention as needed.
The WHO, the Pan American Health Organization, the EU Council of Ministers, the World Federation of Mental Health, and the UK Royal College of Psychiatrists all agree -"there can be no health without mental health". Within Canada, 6.7M people live with a mental illness and when family and caregivers are included almost everyone is affected. A systematic review (2014) concluded that physical activity has a significant potential for reducing depressive symptoms in people with a mental illness. Globally, physical inactivity is "pandemic". Current guidelines recommend a minimum of only a 150 minutes a week of moderately vigorous exercise but 85% of Canadians do not meet the national recommendations. How then can people with depression be motivated to become physically more active? Group Medical Visits (GMVs) can be used to provide health services and they have proven effective in some settings, including mood disorders. As well as providing economic and resource efficiencies, the GMV model has the potential to add a 'support group/accountability' element for behavioural interventions such as physical activity promotion; such influence is not present in an individual patient-physician consultation. "Jump Step" is a 14-week program within a GMV setting designed to motivate and support people with depression to engage in regular physical activity. The investigators seek to design, implement, and evaluate the effectiveness of the Group Medical Visits focused on promoting physical activity for patients with depression.
The aims of this study are to test the effectiveness and acceptability of internet-delivered treatment for depression, anxiety and stress in university students. These data will inform the methods for a future randomized controlled trial. The trial will establish an initial estimate of the effectiveness of these online interventions for students in terms of within-group effect sizes associated with changes in depression, anxiety and stress from pre to post-intervention and follow-up. These data will be used to estimate the sample size for a future trial to ensure that the study is sufficiently powered. A conservative estimate using the 90% upper confidence limit will be used to inform the sample size calculation of the definitive RCT. Acceptability of the intervention to participants will be assessed using data on usage and engagement with the intervention (e.g. percentage of participants completing each module, average number of log ins, average time spent per session and total time spent on the program). These data are acquired through the online SilverCloud system. Satisfaction with will be assessed through the use of a post-intervention questionnaire on satisfaction with accessing and using an online delivery format for treatment. Depression, anxiety and stress are among the primary causes of disease rates worldwide and are the most prevalent mental health problems in the U.S. Each is associated with significant economic, personal, intrapersonal and societal losses including lower quality of life and increased mortality.
The study will investigate whether cognitive behavioral psychotherapy (CBT) combined with prefrontal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is more efficacious with regard to symptom reduction in depressed patients than CBT combined with sham-tDCS or CBT alone. Brain stimulation techniques are widely seen as promising treatment alternatives for patients not responding to or tolerating psychotropic medication. In particular, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is of special interest due to its potential to be used by a large number of patients because of its comparably ease of usage and good tolerability. Thus, a large number of studies investigating clinical effects of tDCS have been performed with statistically significant effects but that are of moderate clinical relevance. Clinical studies have mainly focused on the prefrontal cortex (PFC) as the main stimulation target based on findings of numerous studies indicating the lateral PFC to be a key dysfunctional node within brain networks involved in the pathophysiology of depression. Studies in clinical and healthy participants indicate that tDCS is capable of positively augmenting prefrontal functions that are relevant for a successful cognitive behavioral therapy. More specifically, it has been shown that tDCS is capable of improving reappraisal strategies as well as the use of cognitive control techniques . To date, previous studies have mainly addressed global antidepressant effects of tDCS and not effects on more circumscribed phenotypes mediated by top-down PFC processes such as impaired or biased emotional learning processes.