Second type of credential phishing email that was sent by Pawn Storm in November 2017.


Some security researcher has taken control of them, completely halting your operation.


The Sysget sample with a PDF icon created a second executable, named Adobe.exe, which simply displayed the following warning.


This brings us to the third point: there is little attack time wasted on files that don’t matter to the victim.


1. Registering for special accounts under software developer programs:


Table 1.


This past year, TAG has been collaborating with Google’s CyberCrime Investigation Group to disrupt Glupteba activity involving Google services.


Fast forward five years to 2013 and the rise of the Ransomware business model


Careful to protect their exploits, the attackers deployed multiple safeguards to make it difficult for security teams to recover any of the stages.


These email addresses were used for spear phishing, prompting potential victim organizations to open the attachments with malware payloads.


Tweety Chat’s Android version can record audio, too.


We found several clues that link the malicious Android samples with the StrongPity threat actor.


ChessMaster can utilize any of these methods to download the next malware in the chain, the open source post-exploitation tool known as “Koadic,” which the previous campaign also used.


This post is also available in:      日本語 (Japanese)  Recently, two vulnerabilities were announced within the Spring Framework, an open-source framework for building enterprise Java applications.


In Figure 1, you can see an example where an attacker is making it appear that the user is clicking to install a patch when in fact the user is clicking to grant the Porn Droid malware full administrator permissions on the device.


Our report, Attacks From All Angles: 2021 Midyear Security Roundup, highlights many of the active attacks we saw, from APTs to ransomware to zero-day exploits.


Since we detected the first CryptoWall 2.0 variant with our WildFire engine on September 29, we’ve seen over 85,000 separate attacks attempting to deliver the malware.


ALIEN lives inside multiple privileged processes and receives commands from PREDATOR over IPC.


As announced today, Google has taken action to disrupt the operations of Glupteba, a multi-component botnet targeting Windows computers.


This code runs an HTTP server that listens on predefined ports.


After evaluating the remote control app and finding malicious behavior, we decided to evaluate all of the other applications published by “fun app”, and found 12 more which all contains the exact same behavior.  Figure 4:


The attackers embed javascript into phishing pages that notify them when the page has been loaded.


What’s more, they don’t all share millions of uses across both sides of the fence.


Then the extracted binary was heavily obfuscated with a relatively tedious encoding mechanism--each string is XOR encoded with a different key.


Since March, we’ve removed more than a thousand YouTube channels that we believe to be part of a large campaign and that were behaving in a coordinated manner.


At the collection phase, Carbanak and FIN7 campaigns harvest data from local system sources and through input and screen capture (as performed in a related campaign using the Tirion malware).


A new remote controller tool


Keeping an eye on anomalous events could help detect incidents earlier.


Learn more about the Cyber Threat Alliance.


Real enterprises are messy places.


Because of this, we recommend that organizations focus on observing general information security best practices as described in the Mitigation Actions section above.


In terms of features, BRc4 advertises the following capabilities:


In particular, we managed to gather details on an individual using the handle Hack520, who we believe is connected to Winnti.


Indicators of Compromise


At other times, a threat actor lets the victim chat with them directly on group chat software.


Through our enterprise security platform, including IPS and WildFire, we continue to innovate and prevent advanced exploitation techniques.


For users of third-party antivirus software, to stay protected against this vulnerability, we recommend users to update their Windows operating system with the latest security updates, and to use a fully updated antivirus program."


Verification: Manual replication of antivirus disabling routine


Therefore, for the case here, the malware would open /dev/mtd2, which is the partition where the Linux kernel image is stored.


The exception indicates that Apple added generic protections in Big Sur which rendered this exploit useless.


Figure 7. PowerShell scripts downloading JPG files     The following TTPs are common in both campaigns related to the scripts in Figure 7:


It uses backdoors with different protocols, which are deployed depending on the victim.


Palo Alto Networks deployed five signatures in April to defend against this threat, 40039, 36420, 36419, 36418 and 36416.


Since the function highly depends on the actual “machine ID”, decryption on another machine that isn’t the original infected host is not viable, making malware analysis more difficult.


Later that same week, US-CERT released alert TA14-212A on the Backoff Point of Sale (PoS) malware, which describes how malicious actors used publicly available tools to identify organizations that use remote access applications in an unsafe way.


Recently observed COLDRIVER credential phishing domains: Ghostwriter, a Belarusian threat actor, has remained active during the course of the war and recently resumed targeting of Gmail accounts via credential phishing.


It tests the host’s network, retrieves the C&C server from another blog, and uses the RSA algorithm to generate the session key and send information to the C&C server.  Blackgear’s malware tools are delivered to targets using RAR self-extracting executable (SFX) files or office Visual Basic Script (VBScript) to create a decoy document.


That the group admittedly spares companies in CIS countries could be a clue to where DarkSide actors are residing.


In our 1H’ 2021 Cyber Risk Index, we asked organizations what their top infrastructure risks are.


Unknown to the user, the code in the modified Threema allows it to take screenshots of itself every 10 seconds.


For example, Google Play Protect, our built-in malware protection for Android, continuously scans devices for potentially harmful applications.


But as great as these leaps forward are, so are the risks if technology systems aren’t properly secured.


Decoded .res file


Based on a bashtemp directory of the latest sample we found, there are other compiled ELF scripts, named init and init2, that loops the kit to keep running: 0c458dfe0a2a01ab300c857fdc3373b75fbb8ccfa23d16eff0d6ab888a1a28f6  init  Figure 3. Running the init ELF script 93ce211a71867017723cd78969aa4cac9d21c3d8f72c96ee3e1b2712c0eea494  init2  Figure 4.


It does this by changing several registry settings.


C++ style pseudo code of ProtectedFree function


public void ManageTakeOut() { string text = "PipeName";


However, we did not have access to the a.ps1 file.


The guideline provides an overview of software supply chain risk and how vendors and customers can identify and assess such risks using the NIST Cyber Supply Chain Risk Management (C-SCRM) Framework and the Secure Software Development Framework (SSDF).


The highlighted portions in Figure 8 show the backdoor’s version number and timestamp with the “with encrypt” strings.


Once the compromised credentials are used to successfully log in to accounts, fraudsters can identify themselves as executives.


The FRP tool that we analyzed was a modified version, which was possibly copied off of Github.


This means avoiding unfamiliar websites, clicking on links or downloading attachments from unknown email senders, keeping products updated with the latest security patches, enabling multi-factor authentication, and using reputable security products.


And as others have reported, we’re seeing a resurgence in COVID-related hacking and phishing attempts from numerous commercial and government-backed attackers.


One console with one source of prioritized, optimized alerts supported with guided investigation simplifies the steps needed to fully understand the attack path and impact on the organization.


Many DGAs are built to use hundreds or even thousands of domains.


Winnti currently uses different encryption algorithms to store those C&C references in the files they stored on Github.


About  Threat Briefs are meant to help busy people understand real-world threats and how they can prevent them in their lives.


Threat hunters can use this to possibly identify other machines that have PlugX installed: Using attributes that could identify the normal file, such as the hash and the digital signer, a sweeping task could be carried out to identify instances of the normal file.


The vulnerability is in the way that the Key Distribution Center (KDC) handles service tickets and validates whether delegation is allowed.


Again, all the functions mentioned above run silently in the background.


A log file is written containing a count of the emails that were downloaded.


To date, Shamoon 2 has unfolded in three separate attack waves on November 11, 2016, November 29, 2016, and January 23, 2017.


If a file with a corresponding filename format exist (cmd_{victim’s id})


MuddyWater is a group that emerged in 2017 and was initially thought to be part of the financially motivated criminal group commonly referred to as FIN7 due to the use of an open source tool that was used by both sets of activity.


Figure 12.


If these systems remained infected for at least 24 hours each, the attackers could have earned well over 3 million U.S. dollars in Monero.


Following this code, another researcher posted his VB script version using more advanced techniques.


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Palo Alto Networks recently identified a new campaign targeting the transportation sector in Europe with ties to the Dark Seoul and Operation Troy campaigns that took place in 2013.


Figure 7.  XOR decryption routine


We received leads from Graphika that supported us in this investigation.


The following line of code attempts to validate the inbound password reset request by comparing the reset code submitted within the HTTP request with the reset code generated by OctoberCMS during a legitimate reset process:  To exploit this vulnerability, the actor would simply supply a boolean true value as the reset code within a custom-crafted HTTP request to reset the password of an account.


The five individuals were reportedly connected to the hacking group known as APT41.


They also perpetrated social engineering attacks to phish credentials or prompt the download of a remote access tool.


The new technique, displayed below, draws a login page that appears to be on the passport.i.ua domain, overtop of the page hosted on the compromised site.


We started tracking this particular campaign in 2018, and our analysis shows that it uses a fake executable decoy and a USB trojan strategy to steal information.


Figure 10 shows an example attributed to APT37 and Operation Earth Kitsune as a comparison.


Asus module code for writing to raw flash memory      As the flash memory content is permanent, this module can be used to establish persistence and survive factory resets.


Figure 5.


Figure 2.


The overwhelming majority of ransomware attacks are against Microsoft Windows systems.


We were able to get a copy of newsblog.js, which is a simple VBS downloader that communicates with the following URL: hxxp://23[.]95[.]215[.]100:8008/index.jsp/7e95a3d753cc4a17793ef9513e030b49/4t2Fg7k6wWRnKgd9      Figure 9.


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&amp;amp;amp;amp;nbsp;   callCam’s Activities


This rise may be a result of browser exploits becoming more difficult to use, due to the hardening done by browser developers.


The targets would be prompted to install a legitimate version of McAfee anti-virus software from GitHub, while malware was simultaneously silently installed to the system.


03d0e7ad4c12273a42e4c95d854408b98b0cf5ecf5f8c5ce05b24729b6f4e369 35a485972282b7e0e8e3a7a9cbf86ad93856378fd96cc8e230be5099c4b89208 5afc59cd2b39f988733eba427c8cf6e48bd2e9dc3d48a4db550655efe0dca798 6dc0600de00ba6574488472d5c48aa2a7b23a74ff1378d8aee6a93ea0ee7364f 767bd025c8e7d36f64dbd636ce0f29e873d1e3ca415d5ad49053a68918fe89f4 977f0053690684eb509da27d5eec2a560311c084a4a133191ef387e110e8b85f ac8e59e8abeacf0885b451833726be3e8e2d9c88d21f27b16ebe00f00c1409e6 cd2ba296828660ecd07a36e8931b851dda0802069ed926b3161745aae9aa6daa Microsoft Live DLL 1a831a79a932edd0398f46336712eff90ebb5164a189ef38c4dacc64ba84fe23 PDB E:\Working\Projects\EmailDownloader\EmailDownloaderCookieMode\EmailDownloader\obj\Debug\EmailDownloader.pdb E:\Working\Projects\EmailDownloader\EmailDownloaderCookieMode\Mahdi\LiveLib\obj\Release\LiveLib.pdb


An interesting feature of the downloader: It uses an online service to retrieve the victim's IP address and country, which it compares with a list of allowed countries.


N/A  661d4a0d877bac9b813769a85c01bce274a77b29ccbd4b71e5b92df3c425b93b  decrypt.exe


The browser then navigates to Gmail to begin the data collection.


Our WildFire analysis cloud first picked up samples of this malware on January 22 and thus far we’ve collected 44 distinct samples the display the behavior described by Faghani.


Part of the dumped information contained the action of the user with administration roles on the system.


Related IOCs supportcdn.web[.]app vegmobile[.]com 111.90.146[.]198


CVE-2022-22960 is a privilege escalation vulnerability in VMware Workspace ONE Access, Identity Manager and vRealize Automation instances, due to improper permissions in support scripts.


Figure 8. Empty cryptocurrency wallet of the attacker  Figure 9.


We received leads from the FBI that supported us in this investigation.


Throughout the reconnaissance and gaining-entry phases, we saw these legitimate tools used for specific purposes:   PowerShell: for reconnaissance and persistence  Metasploit Framework: for reconnaissance Mimikatz: for reconnaissance BloodHound: for reconnaissance Cobalt Strike: for installation  For modern ransomware like DarkSide, gaining initial access no longer immediately leads to ransomware being dropped.


A recent Unit 42 threat intelligence posting on the topic showed how 63 percent of the unauthorized coin mining sites we found came online in October 2017.


Some of these file stealers specifically target files from USB devices, probably to overcome air-gapped environments.


Original PE header members (left) vs. overwritten header members (right)


While the disappearance of REvil (aka Sodinokibi) in mid-2021 is filled with uncertainty, security researchers have found a Linux version of the REvil ransomware that they have dubbed as Revix.


Usually, they host a website for victims to input the identification key found in the ransom note, upload encrypted files for decryption – and pay the ransom.


These hijacking steps result in the following:


The mutex is also modified, set to nqldslhumipyuzjnatqucmuycqkxjon in one of the samples (Figure 10).


However, as notoriety and success cause this group to grow, we should expect to see diversity of membership reflected in a diversity of victimology, TTPs and action-on-objective motivations.


It was last updated on July 29, 2022.


mofagovnp.zapto[.]org


Recently, we shared information on numerous COVID-themed attacks discovered and confirmed by our teams.


Parameter Meaning Parameter Meaning w Website name w Website name r <?=$referer?> value r <?=$referer?> value o OS version o OS version lv HTTP Accept-Language lv HTTP Accept-Language bt Browser Information bt Browser Information bv Browser Information bv Browser Information bdv Browser Information bdv Browser Information fv Flash Version fv Flash Version silv Silverlight Version silv Silverlight Version ez EasyPayPlugin ActiveX Availability ez EasyPayPlugin ActiveX Availability ac ACUBEFILECTRL ActiveX Availability* - - - - mg MagicLoaderX ActiveX Availability - - nv


The actors behind Darkside have stated that they avoid targeting companies in certain industries, including healthcare, education, the public sector, and the nonprofit sector.


Threat actors generally don’t leave easily identifiable signatures in software designed to disrupt or otherwise harm an adversary.


That's absolutely absurd and cybercrimals agree.


After those commands are executed, the ransomware finishes by appending the file extension .hello, alongside a ransom note titled Hello.txt (Figure 2).


One sample of the SysUpdate malware variant found January 2021:


If an asset cannot be updated to secure versions of software, it should be isolated or decommissioned altogether.


Recently observed IPs used in Curious Gorge campaigns: COLDRIVER, a Russian-based threat actor sometimes referred to as Calisto, has launched credential phishing campaigns, targeting several US based NGOs and think tanks, the military of a Balkans country, and a Ukraine based defense contractor.


Note: Implementations with less than 100% attack duration likely have a timeout mechanism.


It's immediately obvious that the author didn't move his fingers/hands much while typing the first.


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This bulletin includes coordinated influence operation campaigns terminated on our platforms in Q2 2022.


We have also observed proliferation risk from nation state actors attempting to gain access to the exploits of these vendors.


In 2016, the group set up aggressive credential phishing attacks against the Democratic National Convention (DNC), German political party Christian Democratic Union (CDU), the parliament and government of Turkey, the parliament of Montenegro, the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), Al Jazeera, and many other organizations.


With Trend Micro Vision One, we ran a public proof of concept (PoC) available online exploiting the ProxyLogon vulnerability.


In order to avoid in-memory scanning during runtime, the payload encrypts all of the function blocks before executing the actual malicious routine.


The underlying operating systems for the majority of IoT devices is Linux, which is also used by many powerful systems tools.


In this brief, we’ll share how this trend came to fruition, why it’s so prevalent, and how security professionals and defenders can keep an eye out for this rising type of threat.


The creative use of social engineering lures and how to defend against them


If the cookies failed to provide access to the account, a login page is displayed and the attacker can manually enter credentials to proceed, as the program will wait until it finds the inbox page.


Communication with the modules is performed via pipes.


Anyone who’s been paying attention to cybercrime since 2013 is aware of the ransomware surge, infecting systems throughout the world and plaguing networks’ administrators.


We found two more apps created by the same developer, but they had no espionage-related codes; we think they were made as experimental projects.


The script then executes an HTTP GET request to the C&C URL, grabs the server's response, and sleeps for 10 seconds.


Even then there’s no guarantee of success since the target may somehow recognize the attack or have sufficient prevention controls in place to prevent the attack from succeeding.


For older versions, it took the attackers one day to inject its modifications.


Let’s take the first character as an example.


Like PLEAD, Shrouded Crossbow uses spear-phishing emails with backdoor-laden attachments that utilize the RTLO technique and accompanied by decoy documents.


This RAT’s code is based on leaked Gh0st RAT source code; however, its traffic encryption is customized and it added some new features, like QQ number theft.


While investigating Operation DRBControl, we found an updated version of this malware family that implements some new classes.


HYPERSCRAPE then begins iterating through all available tabs in the inbox looking for emails to download.


That's lateral movement.


These attacks ultimately resulted in the investigation of the following two threats:  Palo Alto Networks customers can use Xpanse or Threat Prevention for the Next-Generation Firewall to identify vulnerable and/or internet-facing instances of OctoberCMS.


Tags  Cloud | Cyber Crime | Exploits & Vulnerabilities | Expert Perspective | Phishing | Cyber Threats | APT & Targeted Attacks | Endpoints | Mobile | Articles, News, Reports


Mobile app creators are often looking for ways to monetize their software.


Over the course of their correspondence, love suggested using WhatsApp to communicate.


Credential Access


In a campaign targeting thousands of Korean businesses, we found an .ISO attachment — used as the malicious downloader — disguised as a confirmed flight ticket from a popular airline.  Figure 8. TA505 spoofing an airline company as a malicious file attachment.


And the Java 9 Platform Module System (JPMS) provides a way to bypass this block list.


test4.exe  BIOPASS RAT Loader


These other activities further establish the link of Urpage — and consequently Bahamut — to other threat actors.


Figure 4.


August 2020: DarkSide introduces its ransomware.


The team continues to work around the clock, focusing on the safety and security of our users and the platforms that help them access and share important information.


Conversely, a crash in the price of cryptocurrencies will decrease the profitability and drive criminals back to ransomware.


Meanwhile, the first Android variant of this spyware family appeared in January 2017.


Most of his videos, comments, configurations and tutorials are written in Russian – and when combined with knowledge gained from a few OPSEC mistakes – Russia is also where we believe x4k originates from.


The act aims to create “standards and guidelines” for the federal government to follow with the hopes that the requirements also make their way into private sector manufacturing.


An example upload request can be seen below:  The remote server can also send the following example response.


PLEAD also uses CVE-2017-7269, a buffer overflow vulnerability Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) 6.0 to compromise the victim’s server.


While these two scenarios are currently the most-likely vectors for exploiting this vulnerability, it’s likely that other services use Bash in a network-exploitable way.


Increased Utilization


All known samples and URLs associated with this attack have been flagged in the Palo Alto Networks product suite so customers can receive protections.  Attack Details for CVE-2022-30190 CVE-2022-30190 in the Wild Conclusion  On May 27, 2022, a cybersecurity research team out of Tokyo, Japan, nao_sec, uncovered a malicious Word document uploaded to VirusTotal from an IP in Belarus.


None of the reports we’ve seen have recovered the final payload.


It extracts theme0.xml file from the Word document.


I’d like to highlight an area where we are seeing increased activity: attacks against cloud infrastructures.


On Feb. 23, a new variant of wiper malware named HermeticWiper was discovered in Ukraine.


During this time, an additional 130 Google accounts associated with this operation were terminated.


However, our new Unit 42 research shows that there is a way to carry out overlay attacks where these mitigating factors don’t apply.


It was last updated on October 16, 2020.


Conti agreed to share that information if a payment was made, then changed their minds, saying, “We do not own that data anymore.


Update Badger_x64.exe


The malicious version of the application (fd1aac87399ad22234c503d8adb2ae9f0d950b6edf4456b1515a30100b5656a7) was created on May 2021(The timestamps within the file point to 2021-05-03 as the creation date, while the file was uploaded to VirusTotal on May 24, 2021).


This C&C website also acts as host not only for the malicious Android application but also for two other malicious documents listed here.


The final Sysget sample used a Microsoft Excel icon and opened an Excel document that contained cells filled with “XXXXXX.”


Figure 19.


Because this is simpler and allows the author to retain the private key, the majority of Google store apps use self-signed certificates.


Overview:


Figure 1 is a capture from a book I wrote with some colleagues in 2008, “Cyber Fraud: Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures.”


Palo Alto Networks customers who subscribe to Advanced URL Filtering are already protected from these IoCs.


TCP stream excerpt of the malware sending information to C&C server


To design a secure system, risk assessment is required.


Once deobfuscated, we saw that the inserted code downloads rshell from the IP address 139[.]180[.]216[.]65 and executes it once run on the macOS platform.


Overview Palo Alto Networks Unit 42 threat research team has just uncovered a new set of attacks by the Sofacy group using malicious emails targeting foreign affairs agencies and ministries in North America and Europe, including a European embassy in Moscow.


Once launched, it drops a modified APK version of Threema and prompts the user to install the application.


The Agency then urged organizations to make identifying and addressing such threats a priority.


-mofagovnp.hopto[.]org  Phishing Domain     mail-ncporgnp.hopto[.]org  Phishing Domain     mail-nepalarmymilnp.duckdns[.]org  Phishing Domain     mail-nepalgovnp.duckdns[.]org  Phishing Domain     mail-nepalpolicegov.hopto[.]org  Phishing Domain     mail-nepalpolicegovnp.duckdns[.]org  Phishing Domain     mail-nrborg.hopto[.]org  Phishing Domain     mail-nscaf.myftp[.]org  Phishing Domain     mail-ntcnetnp.serveftp[.]com  Phishing Domain     mail.arg.gov-af[.]org  Phishing Domain     mail.moha.gov-np[.]org  Phishing Domain     mail.nsc.gov-af[.]org  Phishing Domain     webmail.mohe.gov-af[.]org  Phishing Domain          Tags


Attackers can then invoke any command through the JSP webshell.


Financially motivated and criminal actors are also using current events as a means for targeting users.


Throughout November, Sandworm targeted software and mobile app developers in Ukraine via spear phishing emails with malicious attachments.


We recommend organizations prioritize actions in the following four areas:  There is no way to know for certain what shape an attack may take, but taking these steps will help provide broad protection against what we expect to come.


2. Watermarking


This new white paper is intended to simulate risk assessment practices using an example of a fictitious smart factory.


Or at the very least, a common template has been used to craft exploits for the three Internet Explorer vulnerabilities we analyzed.


Attackers seek to compromise email accounts to gain access to financial and other sensitive information related to business operations.


What is interesting is that this language ID is not determined by the Visual Studio current language.


For organizations, Trend Micro™ Mobile Security for Enterprise provides device, compliance and application management, data protection, and configuration provisioning, as well as protects devices from attacks that leverage vulnerabilities, preventing unauthorized access to apps, as well as detecting and blocking malware and fraudulent websites.


To date, the scale of Russian state-sponsored and proxy cyber-attacks has not been as expected.


It is also clear that the actual interest is on the “.hwp” extension for Korean Office document listing support during exfiltration.


The attackers registered various domains associated with forged companies and built multiple websites for malware delivery.


Indicators of compromise can be found in this appendix.


APP was designed specifically for high-risk accounts.


The victim would need to have a session open on these websites from Safari for cookies to be successfully exfiltrated.


While this particular sample is seen installing itself to the %ALLUSERSPROFILE% path, other samples have been witnessed using %APPDATA% instead.


Overview


Figure 11. Backdoor found in the steganography image  Figure 12.


In this blog, we explore some of the most notable campaigns we’ve disrupted this year from a different government-backed attacker: APT35, an Iranian group, which regularly conducts phishing campaigns targeting high risk users.


Figure 10. Modified system wallpaper


The malware, hence dubbed BUMBLEBEE, uses WMI to collect various system details such as OS version, user name and domain name, which are then exfiltrated in JSON format to a C2.


While we have been following cyberespionage group TICK (a.k.a. “BRONZE BUTLER” or “REDBALDKNIGHT”) since 2008, we noticed an unusual increase in malware development and deployments towards November 2018.


Third stage: Sending the encrypted file to the C&C


If Charlie was successful in crafting the attack email to seem legitimate enough, Bob will open the email and any attachments and the attack will succeed.  Unlike phishing or even general spear phishing, this is a highly sophisticated, labor intensive, focused attack.


It was also observed that one of the samples deployed MicroBackdoor, an open-source backdoor allowing an attacker to browse the file system, upload and download files, execute commands, and remove itself from the system.


We also found versions of it in third-party app marketplaces, most likely as a way to expand the malware’s reach.


Additionally, the U.S. government should consider a full ban on Federal procurement of commercial spyware technologies and contemplate imposing further sanctions to limit spyware vendors’ ability to operate in the U.S. and receive U.S. investment.


Weak passwords and out-of-date software can both enable attackers to take complete control of your home router.


Inside function sub_14001DC80, we can see that that function has the capability to terminate a given process.


Given what we’ve seen of cybermercenaries like Void Balaur, it is likely that these groups have access to a large number of tools and infrastructure that allows them to launch attacks even against prominent individuals and organizations.


File manager to handle file operations 0xCB Screen monitoring 0xCC Opens remote shell for command execution 0XD5 Gets active session information  Post


We received leads from Graphika that supported us in this investigation.


Who is affected?


The study, Fake Company, Real Threats, revealed that over 20 attacks were observed during 240 days- six of which affected factory productivity.


Many organizations now need to look at ways of monitoring legitimate tools usage within their networks to identify any malicious uses.


PRB-CREATEALIVE Initializes connection with the C&C Server PRB-CREATEINTRODUCE


If the cookies failed to provide access to the account, a login page is displayed and the attacker can manually enter credentials to proceed, as the program will wait until it finds the inbox page.


Uninstalling


Another North Korean group, whose activity has been publicly tracked as Operation AppleJeus, targeted over 85 users in cryptocurrency and fintech industries leveraging the same exploit kit.


Our teams continue to track these and stop them before they reach people—and we’ll continue to share new and interesting findings.


The city of Frankfurt, Germany, became the latest victim of Emotet after an infection forced it to close its IT network.


The following diagram summarizes the launch procedure:      Figure 2.


Cybercriminals will compromise a website and abuse a legitimate tool on that site to gain access to the compute resources of site visitors’ systems.


Visit the Ignite website for more information on tracks, workshops and marquee sessions.


(We have reached out to SendGrid and shared our findings with them.)


To protect our users, Google’s Threat Analysis Group (TAG) routinely hunts for 0-day vulnerabilities exploited in-the-wild.


In addition to targeting users via social engineering, we have also observed several cases where researchers have been compromised after visiting the actors’ blog.


Get advice here: https://success.trendmicro.com


Cloud is the area where most respondents say they have least insight.


Web shells can be embedded in systems via security gaps such as vulnerabilities.


A typical Lurk infection uses browser exploits to deliver non-persistent payloads to potential victims, probing their targets before deploying additional malware.


The attack separated critical code into different pieces so that researchers could not reproduce the original exploit until they have both files.


For instance, Protux’s older iteration will look for the “++a++” tag, as shown in Figure 5.


The 16-byte RC4 decryption key is: bYXJm/3#M?:XyMBF


When the malware starts, it checks whether the file with the hard-coded name “%PUBLIC%/20200318” exists.


We terminated 22 YouTube channels as part of our ongoing investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to Indonesia.


First is the fact that from an attack technique point of view, there is nothing new here.


It’s yet another important step for our stated mission: to secure the connected world.


We have seen hack-for-hire groups target human rights and political activists, journalists, and other high-risk users around the world, putting their privacy, safety and security at risk.


DGA was a key component in the Conficker attacks in 2008 and 2009 and part of its success.


Seven of the nine zero-day vulnerabilities our Threat Analysis Group discovered in 2021 were originally developed by commercial providers and sold to and used by state-sponsored actors.


The new CveEventWrite function can be used to publish events when an attempt to exploit security vulnerabilities in user-mode applications occurs.


The custom UDP packets recognized by the client


According to ESET, the initial infection vector for Bad Rabbit is through a fake Adobe Flash update that is offered up from compromised websites.


USBferry malware’s second version combined into one file


With the Olympics and several significant global elections taking place in 2018, we can be sure Pawn Storm’s activities will continue.


Open source malware like Sorano and AdamantiumThief were also observed.


We found that 73% of IT and business leaders are concerned with the size of their attack surface, and 43% claim it is “spiralling out of control.”


Trojan.MSIL.SUPERNOVA.A ce77d116a074dab7a22a0fd4f2c1ab475f16eec42e1ded3c0b0aa8211fe858d6  d130bd75645c2433f88ac03e73395fba172ef676 Backdoor.


It appears that the attacker reused the code from the earlier exploit and forgot to remove the unnecessary variables.


The attackers also checked the running processes in the system via TaskList to check for antivirus processes running in the infiltrated system.


Once they're inside they move around.


Scheduled tasks play a very important role in this incident.


Figure 1. Diagram showing how the BEC scam is carried out      Background


The initial delivery mechanism of BIOPASS RAT uses of a watering hole, a compromised website in which the malicious actors inject their custom JavaScript code to deliver malware.


The malware known as RATANKBA is just one of the weapons in Lazarus’ arsenal.


In March 2017, another new variant appeared with the ability to steal photos when users take them using the camera.


Figure 5.


Previously described by Amnesty, this phishing kit has remained under active development over the past five years.


We also publicly release information about the operations we disrupt, which is available to our government partners and the general public.


After the payload is deployed, the actors can continue further malicious actions through Quasar RAT.


In the following section, we provide an analysis for each important backdoor module.


Please see the IoCs on GitHub.


Hermetica Digital Ltd Thumbprint 1AE7556DFACD47D9EFBE79BE974661A5A6D6D923 Serial Number 0C 48 73 28 73 AC 8C CE BA F8 F0 E1 E8 32 9C EC


HYPERSCRAPE then begins iterating through all available tabs in the inbox looking for emails to download.


Both findings suggest that those victims could be compromised by both threat actors, or that Earth Berberoka is actually a subgroup of Iron Tiger.


Learn more about the Cyber Threat Alliance.


Users outside of China and those that only download apps from the official Google Play store are not at risk from this threat.


Google has a long track record combating commercial surveillance tools targeting our users.


Palo Alto Networks Wildfire, through custom SMS blocking policies, recently discovered eight different SMS-based IAP SDKs with this abusive functionality.


It also provides an easy and effective way of copying data to several cloud storage providers.


If the store’s e-commerce system is vulnerable to XSS attacks, the malicious script will be loaded and executed on the merchant’s management panel once someone (like a system administrator or store employee) opens the said order.


In early 2021, APT35 compromised a website affiliated with a UK university to host a phishing kit.


Upon navigating to this IP address, we observed an email address – tebya@poime[.]li – on the page title, the first link in the chain of attribution (Figure 14).  Using the email address as a pivot, we identified additional domains that were linked to tebya@poime[.]li.


For example, both calculate the hash of the code section as an anti-bugging technique, both are designed as fully position-independent code, and both support various kinds of network communication protocols.


We’ve also seen attackers try to trick people into downloading malware by impersonating health organizations: Generally, we’re not seeing an overall rise in phishing attacks by government-backed groups; this is just a change in tactics.


Given the geographic dispersion of these victims, the upstream connection to a Ukrainian IP and several other factors, we believe it is highly unlikely that BRc4 was deployed in support of legitimate and sanctioned penetration testing activities.


x.TextContent.StartsWith("Access for less secure apps has been turned on") select x).ToList


This bulletin includes coordinated influence operation campaigns terminated on our platforms in Q3 2020.


, Trend Micro™ Email Security solution analyzes both the header and the content of an email to stop BEC and other email threats.


Based on our findings, we believe this threat actor to be a well-resourced group, likely state backed, with access to their own software engineering team based on the quality of the payload code.


For these devices, take time to configure individual user profiles as much as possible.


About 6,925 certificates are used to sign between 6 and 19 different apps.


AnubisSpy wasn’t only published on Google Play.


Unit 42 researchers have confirmed that the patch is effective against the WanaCrypt0r Ransomware attacks.


Figure 6.


As a result, the attackers behind the scheme will not only obtain the credit card information of the victim, but also steal any money charged to the credit card, so long as the user doesn’t request a chargeback.


Although these are not implemented inside the BIOPASS RAT malware, we have observed two additional plug-ins that are written in Python (“getwechatdb” and “xss_spoof”) and were deployed by the threat actor to a victim who had been infected with Cobalt Strike.


Protux with the OpenCSP encryption function Building a proactive incident response strategy Blackgear has been targeting various industries since its emergence a decade ago.


At the time of writing, we don’t believe x4k is related to LockBit 2.0 activity, but we did find the choice of this particular ransomware family interesting (Figure 20).


Overview of Earth Centaur’s infection chain


This variant of Petya is spread as a DLL file, which must be executed by another process before it takes action on the system.


BIOPASS RAT Loader  Backdoor.Win64.BIOPASS.A  5fd2da648068f75a4a66b08d6d93793f735be62ae88085a79d839b6a0d6d859a  flash1.exe  BIOPASS RAT Loader  Backdoor.Win64.BIOPASS.A  660cef8210f823acb0b31d78fbce1d6f3f8c4f43231286f7ac69f75b2c42c020  flashplayerpp_install_cn.exe


Mirrorthief Group injection pattern


Check for zh-CN-preferred UI language in sample 89c0b2036ce8d1d91f6d8b8171219aafcd6237c811770fa16edf922cedfecc54


However, over the last nine campaigns since our June report, they also started using .ISO image attachments as the point of entry, as well as a .NET downloader, a new style for macro delivery, a newer version of ServHelper, and a .DLL variant of FlawedAmmyy downloader.


Figure 2.


The attacks have been traced back to January 6, 2021, when a new threat group subsequently labelled “Hafnium” by Microsoft began exploiting four zero-day bugs in Microsoft Exchange Server.


The group remained active, with several Gamaredon-related activities reported in February 2020.


APP was designed specifically for high-risk accounts.


In a report done by Trend Micro entitled “Critical Infrastructures Exposed and at Risk: Energy and Water Industries”, researchers were able to expose vulnerabilities of human-machine interface (HMI) used in critical water and energy organizations.


In some cases, a single file lost is more than enough to count as a fully successful attack.


Furthermore, it seems this exact exploit was presented by Pangu Lab in a public talk at zer0con21 in April 2021 and Mobile Security Conference (MOSEC) in July 2021.


Table 6


It was last updated on January 26, 2021.


Used to listen for the BOOT_COMPLETED broadcast Defense Evasion Suppress Application Icon T1508


Figure 2


It was deleted and there is no chance to restore it.”


ALIEN lives inside multiple privileged processes and receives commands from PREDATOR over IPC.


But normal tools will not detect by antivirus system.


In the group's latest campaign, they started using HTML attachments to deliver malicious .XLS files that lead to downloader and backdoor FlawedAmmyy, mostly to target users in South Korea.


And we offer other advanced phishing and malware protection to administrators to better protect their users.


By submitting this form, you agree to our Terms of Use and acknowledge our Privacy Statement.


Benabdellah, who also goes by the moniker Houdini, has been actively involved in the day-to-day development and operational deployment of the credential phishing capabilities used by this group since its inception.


This bulletin includes coordinated influence operation campaigns terminated on our platforms in Q3 2020.


Terminating security products running     Tools and functions


This RAT gives a remote attacker complete control over a Windows, Mac OS X, or Linux system through a simple graphical user interface.


The Cortex XSOAR “CVE-2022-30190 - MSDT RCE” playbook helps speed up the discovery and remediation of compromised hosts within the network.


Until now.


For example, in Figure 4, the policy is defined as deleting SMS satisfying two conditions at the same time:  1. Message comes from the phone number “+8610658008” or “10658008”  2.


Figure 14 (below) shows a raw comparison across many samples using two time zones.


In exploiting this port type confusion vulnerability, the exploit authors were able to change the mach port type from IKOT_NAMED_ENTRY to a more privileged port type like IKOT_HOST_SECURITY allowing them to forge their own sec_token and audit_token, and IKOT_HOST_PRIV enabling them to spoof messages to kuncd.  After gaining root, the downloaded payload is loaded and run in the background on the victim's machine via launchtl.


GET http://{C2}/Index.php?Ck=OK HTTP/1.1


Parallel to the analysis, tracking, and technical disruption of this botnet, Google has filed a lawsuit against two individuals believed to be located in Russia for operating the Glupteba Botnet and its various criminal schemes.


Recently observed Ghostwriter credential phishing domains and emails: Curious Gorge, a group TAG attributes to China's PLA SSF, has remained active against government, military, logistics and manufacturing organizations in Ukraine, Russia and Central Asia.


Delivery URLs Javascript Sandbox escape / LPE Backdoor C2


In May 2020, we discovered that APT35 attempted to upload spyware to the Google Play Store.


If you get an email and need to go to that website, type the address in your web browser yourself.


In fact, we receive extensive spreadsheets full of these questions several times a week.


It can run commands and delete files on the device, as well as install and uninstall Android Application Packages (APKs).


In general, a Cyber UCG is created when a vital cyber incident affects critical infrastructure owners and operators.


While ChessMaster still uses the previous exploit, it also added more methods to its arsenal: one exploits another vulnerability, CVE-2017-11882 (patched in November 2017), which was also exploited to deliver illegal versions of the Loki infostealer.


The encrypted configurations of Marade and Protux can both be found on a single blog post.


This will require a major shift from traditional security practices, as many organizations have supported a best-of-breed approach, utilizing multiple vendors (some say 50-100 security applications on average within a large enterprise).


This group aims to coordinate a "whole-of-government" response to the above-mentioned cyber incident.?


Source: Apache HTTP Server Project, Trend Micro Inc., NVD CVE-2021-41773 and CVE-2021-42013, the two critical vulnerabilities, are perfect examples of how attackers exploit the vulnerabilities in the Apache HTTP Server.


We analyzed this software and found multiple security vulnerabilities.


While these connections allow us to link the malware to the Winnti Group, the different targets between BIOPASS RAT and the current operations by Winnti’s that we are tracking makes associating the two more difficult.


In the first connection, ChiserClient will append the host name of the compromised host for check-in purposes.


Shortly after this advisory was released, Microsoft issued an out-of-band patch to protect affected users from CVE-2020-0796.


Figure 10.


Below is an overview of what we’re seeing in cloud attacks.


The visibility enabled by the platform allowed us as researchers to capture the extent of this ransomware’s attack chain and replicate the driver file being abused to verify its function during compromise.


For source verification and authentication, it uses Sender Policy Framework (SPF), DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM), and Domain-Based Message Authentication, Reporting and Conformance (DMARC).


The name is看片神器 which translates to “a super tool for watching videos” and the icon is a provocative photo.


It used a simple XOR encryption routine with a static key, allowing victims to easily recover their files without paying a ransom.


In addition, organizations must know and understand the risks associated with supply chains and smart factories.


Indicators of Compromise (IoCs): Hashes detected as BKDR_RATANKBA.ZAEL-A  1768f2e9cea5f8c97007c6f822531c1c9043c151187c54ebfb289980ff63d666 6cac0be2120be7b3592fe4e1f7c86f4abc7b168d058e07dc8975bf1eafd7cb25 d844777dcafcde8622b9472b6cd442c50c3747579868a53a505ef2f5a4f0e26a db8163d054a35522d0dec35743cfd2c9872e0eb446467b573a79f84d61761471  f7f2dd674532056c0d67ef1fb7c8ae8dd0484768604b551ee9b6c4405008fe6b      Hashes detected as CHM_DLOADER.ZCEL-A  01b047e0f3b49f8ab6ebf6795bc72ba7f63d7acbc68f65f1f8f66e34de827e49 030b4525558f2c411f972d91b144870b388380b59372e1798926cc2958242863 10cbb5d0974af08b5d4aa9c753e274a81348da9f8bfcaa5193fad08b79650cda 650d7b814922b58b6580041cb0aa9d27dae7e94e6d899bbb3b4aa5f1047fca0f 6cb1e9850dd853880bbaf68ea23243bac9c430df576fa1e679d7f26d56785984 6d4415a2cbedc960c7c7055626c61842b3a3ca4718e2ac0e3d2ac0c7ef41b84d 772b9b873100375c9696d87724f8efa2c8c1484853d40b52c6dc6f7759f5db01 9d10911a7bbf26f58b5e39342540761885422b878617f864bfdb16195b7cd0f5 d5f9a81df5061c69be9c0ed55fba7d796e1a8ebab7c609ae437c574bd7b30b48    Hashes detected as JS_DLOADER.ZBEL-A   8ff100ca86cb62117f1290e71d5f9c0519661d6c955d9fcfb71f0bbdf75b51b3    Hashes detected as X97M_DLOADR.ZBEL-A   972b598d709b66b35900dc21c5225e5f0d474f241fefa890b381089afd7d44ee    Hashes detected as VBS_DLOADR.ZAEL-A   4722138dda262a2dca5cbf9acd40f150759c006f56b7637769282dba54de0cab           Tags  Malware | APT & Targeted Attacks | Endpoints | Cyber Crime | Research | Network


These attacks could affect you in two ways:  What causes this kind of attack?


Requests during a time period or from a source IP address that didn’t match their preferred distribution area, for instance, would yield a redirect to a third-party site such as Google.


While cyberespionage campaigns on mobile devices may be few and far between compared to ones for desktops or PCs, AnubisSpy proves that they do indeed occur, and may have been more active than initially thought.


When compared to the compile times seen in Operation Earth Kitsune, there are several similarities.


We found six different keys in the latter category that were different for the Patchwork and Confucius group.


Figures 17-18.


If the hash is not listed, the file is sent via the C&C to a directory named after the concatenation of the machine name and the username.


If the backdoor receives a packet in the form of a "cmdType|cmdBody" it will check the cmdType list and execute the equivalent instruction.  Valid instructions are between 0-9 and there functionality varies depending on the command.


A shortcut containing malicious code that was added to the webmail system      Figure 9.


Mobile monetization platforms create software libraries that authors can embed into their apps to start earning money quickly.


The malware, distributed via email attachments inside of password protected zip files (ua_report.zip), is a .Net executable that when executed steals cookies and saved passwords from Chrome, Edge and Firefox browsers.


Message types defined by the threat actor


We think one of the possible sources of the customized ConfuserEx is the online service Cassandra Crypter, which offers two kinds of subscription plans: The Premium Plan and the Private Stub.


The said company was formerly known as Kingsoft Internet Software Holdings Limited, wherein during our previous investigation on the group, we already found one HyperBro DLL signed by a certificate belonging to Kingsoft.


mr_coolface - Really, not so much, no.


This reiterates the tricky business of attribution in cybersecurity, which calls for careful inspection.


Additionally, the LockBit 2.0 RaaS leak site has the most significant number of published victims, with over 850 in total.


This dropped file is a clean WinRAR installer.


It then stores it in a file called 1.t. 1.t, which gets base64 decoded to 1.c, expanded to rgb.exe and then finally executed.


It collects data from ISV partners like Trend Micro via two mechanisms:  ISVs upload compliance certificates, which are scanned and processed, with the salient information extracted by Marketplace Vendor Insights AWS technology is deployed to ISV production accounts to directly monitor and inspect configuration of technology resources and collect other critical information


As shown in incremental improvements, subsequent versions of the malware hint towards a learning curve of the malware author that is more typical for an inexperienced actor than for an advanced actor.


If accessed by an HTTP client, it returns a marker value.


It is important to remember that, except for the administrator user, all other accounts were used as part of the malware deployment (SLUB malware).


Other Known Malware Families


Backdoor function differences between ANEL 5.0.0 beta1/5.1.1 rc/5.1.2 rc1 (left) and ANEL 5.2.0 rev1 (right)


Since late 2019, our team has disrupted financially motivated phishing campaigns targeting YouTubers with Cookie Theft malware.


The following are the supported commands:  CMD Details startrecording Start recording the sound around the device stoprecording Stop recording uploaddata Upload /sdcard/DCIM,/sdcard/Downloads, /sdcard/Movies, /sdcard/Pictures, /sdcard/Documents files getnumber Get and upload phone number getclipboard Get and upload clipboard contents sms- Send SMS get- Get and upload dedicated files getcontacts Get and upload Contacts getinstalledapps


LockBit 2.0 claims that they have demanded ransom from at least 12,125 companies, as shown in the figure below.


Figure 7: The components dropped in the %Application Data%\Microsoft\CLR\* directory PRB-Backdoor is a backdoor that takes its name from the function used in the final PowerShell script payload, as seen in the figure below.  Figure 8.


Zero-day vulnerabilities held in reserve could be exploited during this phase.


Architecture of the backdoor


While in some cases that may be justified – the app may not contain any important or identifying information – in many of the cases we discovered it is not.


Unit 42 has observed ransom demands and average payments going up in the latest Ransomware Threat Report.


While this avenue of research is being pursued, it suffers from all the traditional challenges of big data research.


Most attacks today, including ransomware, are utilizing lateral movement.


Today, we’re sharing recent findings on government-backed phishing, threats and disinformation, as well as a new bulletin to share information about actions we take against accounts that we attribute to coordinated influence campaigns.


Its impact and scope are both broad and deep in ways that are unique.


Data encryption process  Figure 15.


The user list, chat room names, and content of the applications were stored in a remote server without any authentication.


After fetching and uploading the abovementioned stolen data, the malicious app will check the command (CMD) from the C&C server every 60 seconds.


We intentionally send these warnings in batches to all users who may be at risk, rather than at the moment we detect the threat itself, so that attackers cannot track our defense strategies.


This app is quite different from the Turla apps described above and written by a different developer.


Some commodity malware used included RedLine, Vidar, Predator The Thief, Nexus stealer, Azorult, Raccoon, Grand Stealer, Vikro Stealer, Masad (Google’s naming), and Kantal (Google’s naming) which shares code similarity with Vidar.


Figure 12.


The PlugX sample in Table 7 also targeted the same university as all previous samples.


The attackers use this function to relay device-based data to the channel, so they can see details such as the IP, useragent, and locales of visitors to their phishing sites in real-time.


This is a SYSTEM-level remote code execution (RCE) in the handling of the Server Message Block (SMB) protocol in Microsoft Windows.


b. Encryption of information on the device.


In 2020, the Trend Micro Zero Day Initiative™ (ZDI) published 1,453 advisories, the most ever in the history of the program.


We look forward to continuing our work in this space and advancing the safety and security of our users around the world.


The malicious loader injecting the backdoor into dllhost.exe Figure 9.


The list of predefined ports to bind an HTTP service to, which is reversed     After accessing the infected machine with an HTTP server bound to a predefined port


770206424b8def9f6817991e9a5e88dc5bee0adb54fc7ec470b53c847154c22b  email.exe


While the Cyclops Blink malware variant that we analyzed in this report is complicated in nature, one thing proves to be unmistakable when it comes to the Sandworm group that created it: Sandworm is a persistent and sophisticated group whose motives are clearly at odds with those that would be expected from groups that are primarily financially motivated.


This is where AWS Marketplace Vendor Insights comes in.


While not stolen credentials, the effect is the same: attackers can use those credentials to abuse otherwise legitimate access and privileges to carry out their attacks.


Our research was carried out on the RT-AC68U, but other Asus routers such as RT-AC56U might be affected as well.


To address this, Microsoft introduced another protection method of deferred free named ProtectedFree.


New effective attack techniques that escape notice are always inviting for other copycat attackers.


How to spot lateral movement


A few were observed displaying a fake error message requiring user click-through to continue execution.


Bytes: 30 0D 06 09 2A 86 48 86  F7 0D 01 01 0B 00 00


Palo Alto Networks Cortex XDR and Traps provide protection against this vulnerability regardless of whether they are running on an unpatched instance of Microsoft Windows 10.


The following paths are ignored:  Additionally, for a list of targeted file types, please see the following link.


It was last updated on February 7, 2022.


The first involves a very simple routine that flips every bit of the string.


This post will provide technical details about HYPERSCRAPE, similar to PWC’s recently published analysis on a Telegram grabber tool.


It was last updated on May 12, 2022.


Sign up to receive the latest news, cyber threat intelligence and research from us  Please enter your email address!


https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42-second-wave-shamoon-2-attacks-identified/  https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42-shamoon-2-delivering-disttrack/  https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/shamoon-3-targets-oil-gas-organization/  https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/shamoon-3-modified-open-source-wiper-contains-verse-from-the-quran/


This shows that the development is still active.


We noticed that the x4k Telegram account is used actively versus the old account – which, according to Telegram, hasn’t been active in a while (Figure 23).


The decrypted payload is the main backdoor .NET executable binary.


Driver file preparing to disable an antivirus product     The DeviceIoControl function is used to execute parts of the driver.


Trend Micro™


Looking at the code of the page, we can see that only the WhatsApp download links are pointing to attacker controlled content for Android and iOS users.


Figure 5. Code signing information for the sample


PDF with embedded URLs   468e331fd3f9c41399e3e90f6fe033379ab69ced5e11b35665790d4a4b7cf254 Trojan.W97M.RemoteUtilities.A RTF with embedded URLs


.one


The backdoor regularly sends a “notice” event to the server and records the timestamp if it also receives a “notice” event as the response.


Verified with Android OS source code posted in AOSP, it shows that the PackageInstaller on affected versions does not verify the APK file at the “Time of Use”.


What happens next?


Notable features for this backdoor include:  Our team is constantly working to secure our users and keep them safe from targeted attacks like this one.


Oplib.dll then loads a lib.DAT file from the windowsfiles directory, decodes and decrypts its contents (from a hexadecimal string; XOR 0x42), and loads it into the newly created svchost.exe process.


Today we’re releasing a new Unit 42 white paper titled “Credential-Based Attacks: Exposing the Ecosystem and Motives Behind Credential Phishing, Theft and Abuse.”


The loader, named loadperf.dll, is a modified version of its legitimate, similarly named counterpart—a Microsoft file which helps manipulate the performance registry.


These apps are often installed by tricking users into clicking a pop-up, only to find later that a charge has appeared on their phone bill.


We searched our telemetry for activity to webshells using the file names associated with the SpringShell activity, with the noted exception of shell.jsp, which is far too general.


When conducting a Takeout, the program will spawn a new copy of itself and initialize a pipe communication channel to relay the cookies and account name, both of which are required to accomplish the Takeout.


Many malware authors have taken to building complex mechanisms to ensure that their malware is resistant to these kind of blocks and takedowns.


I2P is an overlay network on top of the Internet that creates encrypted links between nodes that are running the I2P software.


If the cookies failed to provide access to the account, a login page is displayed and the attacker can manually enter credentials to proceed, as the program will wait until it finds the inbox page.


What does AnubisSpy mean to the mobile landscape?


For example, TAG discovered campaigns targeting Armenian users which utilized zero-day vulnerabilities in Chrome and Internet Explorer.


Because Google actively detects and disrupts phishing links sent via Gmail, the actors were observed driving targets to messaging apps like WhatsApp, Telegram or Discord.


Threat Brief: Ongoing Russia and Ukraine Cyber Conflict (Jan. 20) Russia’s Gamaredon aka Primitive Bear APT Group Actively Targeting Ukraine (Updated Feb. 16)


The attacker almost always sent his mails from a Libyan IP address.


IP address possibly compromised by Pawn Storm.  October 29, 2020 – December 8, 2020  74.208.228[.]186  Connects to email servers of compromised accounts.


Among these malware we have found many that are created by “mobile monetization” companies who distribute apps that provide little value but have a high cost to the user.


A closer look at the BIOPASS RAT commands


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The attackers sometimes design the weaponized documents to look like legitimate documents of interest to the target.


Once a user provides credentials in the dialog, they are posted to an attacker controlled domain.


Exploit documents are seldom seen for delivering ransomware.


We saw that this attack also uses the WMI command line (wmic) utility to perform remote process execution on other infected endpoints.


Security updates are continuing to be released and are expected to be released over time due to the uniquely broad nature of these vulnerabilities.


Some ransomware locks the victim's screen and only displays the ransom note.


For this specific test, Trend Micro performed exceptionally with the ability to block 90% of simulations automatically.


Obfuscated PowerShell script contains a shellcode


The update server of the company is hacked.


On account-trading markets, hijacked channels ranged from $3 USD to $4,000 USD depending on the number of subscribers.


The following characters are included in the address and company name.


Other ransomware families, however, target enterprises and ask for multimillion dollar ransoms, which garners much more media attention.


It tested against simulated breaches that included 109 total attack steps.


Based on our investigation of this specific attack, we provide helpful tips for enterprises and organizations to spot PlugX and lateral movement in their environments.


However, this is not conclusively provenLateral Movement


Otherwise, if the postfix is .doc without special characters, Microsoft Word is called to open the app bundle as a document; but since it is not a valid document, the app fails to open it.


On April 7, we collected the seven days’ worth of activity since the signature release and found that the signature had triggered 43,092 times.


Additionally, Palo Alto Networks offers multiple, additional complementary protections:


Additionally, the following Python script can be used for encryption/decryption


Figure 2.


We are appreciative of Apple’s quick response and patching of this critical vulnerability.


Another European oil company suffered from an APT33 related malware infection on one of their servers in India for at least 3 weeks in November and December 2018.


Sometimes they’ll send a blitz of scam emails to employees throughout an organization, and it takes only one to open the attachment and release the malware into the network.  Ransomware attacks are getting easier to unleash, and the rewards to the attackers are still growing by leaps and bounds.


Domain Created oorgans.com 5/28/16 suncocity.com 5/31/16 zandelshop.com 6/1/16


We believe this is a technique the attacker is using to evade detection rules.


The following URLs have been identified:


We already came across an abuse of this application during the Earth Berberoka investigation.


The module looks for “linux” and “rootfs” strings      The inferred mdt_data_t structure is as follows:      Figure 6.


Remote-access abuse is not a new problem.


This attack uses the version 2.0 of this ransomware.


Once this object is freed the whole page is marked as invalid.


Technical analysis Detection


TAG has also observed an increasing number of financially motivated actors targeting Ukraine.


Ensure your organization has the ability to detect anomalous activity, including activity that involves trusted third parties in your environments, and protect against non-technical techniques such as vishing and SIM-swapping.


Of course, an overlay attack can be used to accomplish all three of these in a single attack:  Overlay attacks aren’t new; they’ve been discussed before.


But the start of a journey of a thousand miles begins with one step, and the start of a journey of a thousand days of using these new devices safely can start with these simple steps.


For users, Android provides safety and control over how apps and third parties can access the data from their devices.


EXOTIC LILY is a resourceful, financially motivated group whose activities appear to be closely linked with data exfiltration and deployment of human-operated ransomware such as Conti and Diavol.


Some of these improvements include: It is also important that users remain aware of these types of threats and take appropriate action to further protect themselves.


Additionally, the Xpanse research team also found 1,251 end-of-life versions of the Confluence Server exposed on the public internet.


Put simply, the net result is that the victim’s computer slows down (sometimes significantly) while on the malicious or compromised website.


This implies that any fully automated association of a mutex to either benign or malware samples will itself require complex fingerprinting and confidence models.


The base name of this DLL is used to write the downloaded file.


A proactive, multilayered approach to security is key against a wide range of threats— from the gateway, endpoints, networks, and servers.


The package inside Adob.dll


In 2021, we reported nine 0-days affecting Chrome, Android, Apple and Microsoft, leading to patches to protect users from these attacks.


Figure 17.


It's absurd.


Today’s Protection


Another involves injecting the backdoor’s shellcode into svchost.exe.


Second is the fact that this operation is clearly very successful based on its size, scope, and age.


For code and behavior execution, both groups use a variety of techniques through native API, PowerShell, service execution, user execution, Windows Component Object Model (COM) and Distributed COM, and Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI).


3.      We found an interesting Cobalt Strike loader (a7e9e2bec3ad283a9a0b130034e822c8b6dfd26dda855f883a3a4ff785514f97) that embeds a URL that leads to the BIOPASS RAT loader.


We look forward to continuing our work in this space and advancing the safety and security of our users around the world.


Given all those points, this isn’t an attack that many of us need to worry about.


We were able to analyze 31,953 packet captures that triggered the Spring Core Remote Code Execution Vulnerability signature to determine the webshell filenames and the webshell contents that would be saved to the server in the event of successful exploitation.


Once it is running on a system, CryptoWall 2.0 seeks out document files and encrypts them using the RSA encryption algorithm.


Whenever “ZwOpenProcess” is called, the injected code will first check if the opened process hits any PIDs in the protected process ID list.


Conclusion  Attackers are always making business decisions to optimize their attacks in ways that are most successful and profitable.


The fact that AntiVirus for Android™ contains an actual AV engine makes it more difficult for other programs to identify it as Scareware, as this makes the program appear legitimate.


Once logged in, the tool changes the account’s language settings to English and iterates through the contents of the mailbox, individually downloading messages as .eml files and marking them unread.


Users should be able to identify the indicators of a social engineering campaign.


While it’s possible for separate groups to attack at the same time, we can construe at they are at least working together:    PLEAD


But this second wave of Shamoon 2 attacks show evidence of potential new tactic.


The groups move through the network and identify key assets and data by logging in via RDP, copying files to upload adversary tools through remote file copy, and abusing Window admin shares.


(NOTE: This exploit is not connected to the other three we’ve discussed above.)


The new technique, displayed below, draws a login page that appears to be on the passport.i.ua domain, overtop of the page hosted on the compromised site.


These days, our portable devices often have greater access to more sensitive information than our PCs and Macs do – in the form of mobile banking apps, wallet apps and stored credit cards.


Gather system information     The code executes on the current domain controller to gather the username information, while the query user information gathers data about user sessions on a Remote Desktop Session Host server, name of the user, session ID, state of the session (either active or disconnected), idle time, date, and time the user logged on.


Assessing the criticality of those systems that contain those CVEs.


The document also provides the following eight best practices for establishing a C-SCRM approach and applying it to software:  Incorporating C-SCRM across the organization; Creating a formal C-SCRM program; Knowing and managing critical components and suppliers; Understanding the organization's supply chain; Working closely with key suppliers; Including key suppliers in resilience and improvement activities; Evaluating and monitoring throughout the supplier relationship; and Planning for the full life cycle.


If the user clicked continue, they would be redirected to an attacker controlled site that collected the users credentials.


Infection chain with .DLL FlawedAmmyy downloader


APP has a strong track record protecting users – since the program’s inception, there are no documented cases of an account compromise via phishing.


We terminated 10 YouTube channels as part of our ongoing investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to Russia.


Shamoon 2 attacks are very targeted to a specific region.


Before free  We then manually decrease the reference number, so the CMemoryProtector::ProtectedFree function will fill the block with 0’s, but the object is still not freed.


The following are samples using this evasion: https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/5094028a0afb4d4a3d8fa82b613c0e59d31450d6c75ed96ded02be1e9db8104f/detection New variant: https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/5c0ff7b23457078c9d0cbe186f1d05bfd573eb555baa1bf4a45e1b79c8c575db/detection


Updated as of February 9, 2017, 1:44 AM (UTC-7): We updated to include the latest news about the arrests of suspected members of the group.        Tags  APT & Targeted Attacks | Malware | Endpoints | Research


BIOPASS RAT Loader  Backdoor.Win64.BIOPASS.A  32a3934d96a8f2dae805fa28355cd0155c22ffad4545f9cd9c1ba1e9545b39ac


Victims who clicked on the links would be served a hidden iframe that would trigger the exploit kit.


What causes this impact is when the website the user visits is running “coin miner” code.


AWS administrators should follow the principle of least privilege when attaching roles to an AWS instance.


Our analysis indicates that only samples that contain the embedded URL, hxxp://112.126.69.51/2c.php have this functionality.


A good way to defend against this is to understand and be aware of the thread: forewarned is forearmed.


We encourage anyone who discovers a Chrome vulnerability to report that activity via the Chrome VRP submission process.


Certificate Thumbprint  Valid From  Valid To  EFB70718BC00393A01694F255A28E30E9D2142A4  12:00 a.m.,  Jan. 2, 2019  11:59 p.m., Mar. 2, 2021  8CE020AA874902C532B9911A4DCA8EFFA627DC80  12:00 a.m., Sept. 6, 2018  11:59 p.m., Oct. 5, 2021   Table 3.


Related Malware hashes: Top Phishing Domains:


In November 2018, we saw evidence that Sandworm shifted from using attacker-controlled accounts to try and upload malicious apps to compromising legitimate developers.


Embedded Mach-O


Using this Trojan the attacker could be generating up to 30 euros per month for over 67,000 infected mobile phones.


Lastly, the document thoroughly explains how to decrease the risk of severe business degradation if affected by a ransomware attack.


References of MemoryProtection::HeapFree


BIOPASS RAT Loader  Backdoor.Win64.BIOPASS.A  6a0976e5f9d07ff3d80fa2958976183758ba5fcdd4645e391614a347b4b8e64b  f0b96efe2f714e7bddf76cc90a8b8c88_se.exe


The file tree initially showed folder c from dota2[.]tar[.]gz file to be empty.


Everything from endpoints to network software to IoT devices should be patched and updated to prevent or minimize the chance of a threat actor exploiting a vulnerability  In an ideal scenario, an organization’s in-house security team implement all of these and other security measures.


In the first launch of Virtual Girlfriend, the malicious app will use a combination of the Unix timestamp, the device’s Bluetooth adapter name, and the name of user’s Twitter account as device identification name: Timestamp_BTAdapterName_TwitterAccount.


Parameters


We assess this actor is a former initial ransomware access broker who previously worked with the Conti ransomware group distributing the IcedID banking trojan based on overlaps in infrastructure, tools used in previous campaigns, and a unique cryptor.


This vulnerability exists within the Microsoft Windows Domain Name System (DNS) Server due to the improper handling of certain types of requests, specifically over port 53/TCP.


The Spring Core (spring-core) is the core of the framework that provides powerful features such as inversion of control and dependency injection.


We have reached out to Asus regarding our investigation, and they have created a security bulletin that includes a security checklist to help prevent Cyclops Blink attacks, as well as a list of affected Asus products.


The chart below details the Russian threat actor group SANDWORM’s targeting efforts (by sector) over the last three years.


Figure 8.


During our investigation we discovered several documents uploaded to VirusTotal.


REvil


Consistent with our previous reporting on the topic, several western governments have issued recommendations for their populations to prepare for cyberattacks that could disrupt, disable or destroy critical infrastructure.


All the plots are located in UTC+9.


The following two unique file names were involved in the attack.


This is because if the malicious file is not detected when executed, there are less artifacts on an infected host and therefore security products fail to notify the user of a past compromise.


Defending against Confucius and Patchwork Threat actors like Confucius and Patchwork are known for their large arsenal of tools and ever-evolving techniques that can render traditional security solutions — which are often not designed to handle the persistent and sophisticated threats detailed in this blog — ineffective.


At the endpoint level, the Trend Micro™ Smart Protection Suites deliver several capabilities that minimize the impact of attacks.


Trojan.


To keep supplies intact for essential services, the US government has issued advisories against hoarding.


We discuss the full technical details of Earth Berberoka’s malware families aimed at Linux and macOS as well as Windows, infection vectors, targets, and possible connections with other APT groups in our research paper “Operation Earth Berberoka: An Analysis of a Multivector and Multiplatform APT Campaign Targeting Online Gambling Sites.” Technical analysis


After analyzing the ChiserClient, we found that it shares a similar style of network configuration to the TClient mentioned in our previous research on Earth Centaur.


This is where a password manager can help.


The earliest evidence we have of this exploit kit being actively deployed is January 4, 2022.


ls nslookup%20[redacted].test6.ggdd[.]co[.]uk nslookup+[redacted].test6.ggdd[.]co[.]uk ping%20[redacted].test6.ggdd[.]co[.]uk ping+[redacted].test6.ggdd[.]co[.]uk whoami cat%20/etc/passwd cat+/etc/passwd id ifconfig ipconfig ping%20[redacted].burpcollaborator[.]net


The following are our suggestions for discovering and mitigating risks associated with this activity:  Sign up to receive the latest news, cyber threat intelligence and research from us  Please enter your email address!


Eventually, the threat actor added improvements to the malware, like encryption.


In 2016, for instance, we found their campaigns attacking Japanese organizations with various malware tools, notably the Elirks backdoor.


Shortly after the U.S. Treasury sanctioned Ukrainian Parliament member Andrii Derkach for attempting to influence the U.S. electoral process, we removed 14 Google accounts that were linked to him.


Figure 1: Bogus patch installer overlying malware requesting administrative permissions


For many, it was the pandemic that pushed them over a technology tipping point.


Of course, financial gain remains a powerful cybercrime motivation — perhaps even the most common one.


It allocates a dedicated heap for select critical objects to use that is separate from other heaps that a user can directly access.


The requests above were sent from the IP address 194.31.98[.]186, which itself has hosted payloads associated with Mirai as well.


Could it be game over for use-after-free exploitation, or it is just the beginning of another cat and mouse game?


vesti[.]ru utro[.]ua


Although some antivirus vendors detect the identified malicious sample as Bahamut, we doubted the accuracy of this attribution to the Bahamut APT group.


A default salt of ‘FFFFFFFF’ is used.


Microsoft aims to enforce using the patch only on or after May 11, 2021.


Sysget communicates with this server using the HTTP protocol; see the Malware Details section for specifics of the command and control traffic.


Technical analysis


At 06:47 PST on May 20 Palo Alto Networks WildFire detected the start of the latest Kuluoz spam campaign.


Threat Environment Information


These phishing domains have been blocked through Google Safe Browsing – a service that identifies unsafe websites across the web and notifies users and website owners of potential harm.


The blue boxes indicate when Pawn Storm used OAuth lures while red boxes indicate other phishing email strategies OAuth enhances the user experience on the web.


In the version tested, the C2 was unobfuscated and stored as a hardcoded string.


Once we had all of the strings decoded, it was time to figure out what capabilities the binary had.


Figure 7.


Additionally, pivoting on the certificate and other artifacts, we identified a total of 41 malicious IP addresses, nine BRc4 samples, and an additional three organizations across North and South America who have been impacted by this tool so far.


Figure 11.


This new network-reflection vulnerability that we found is not the only instance of a specification-level vulnerability.


In these cases, the compiler includes a path to the source code file along with those “assert()” calls.


Figure 3.


These vendors operate with deep technical expertise to develop and operationalize exploits.


If you have communicated with any of these accounts or visited the actors’ blog, we suggest you review your systems for the IOCs provided below.


The tool accepts arguments from the command line such as the mode of operation, an identifier string, and a path string to a valid cookie file.


Ransomware actors are no longer content with simply locking companies out of their computers and asking for ransom.


This type of account access was the most expensive and least flexible in terms of customization (i.e., username, institution, etc.).


Disable or secure the use of system administration tools such as PowerShell and other command-line tools that may be abused.


Similar to other reports, we have also observed threat actors increasingly target critical infrastructure entities including oil and gas, telecommunications and manufacturing.


The purpose of hooking “ZwOpenProcess” is to protect the specific process from being accessed by the security product.


Kill shell Cmd data


In the past few weeks we've seen another anonymity network, I2P, being abused by both the latest version of CryptoWall (3.0) and the Dyre banking Trojan.


This unique sample was packaged in a manner consistent with known APT29 techniques and their recent campaigns, which leveraged well-known cloud storage and online collaboration applications.


By comparison, Ethereum has gone from US $8.15 per ether on January 2, 2017 to US $342.83 per ether on October 16, 2017: a jump of 4,206%.  Cryptocurrencies are big money these days and seemingly getting bigger by the day.  And if we’ve learned one thing about cybercriminals, they follow the money.


The first check-in request to the Dropbox C&C     After the check-in request, the backdoor will start to wait for more commands to come in.


The vulnerability affects the Toast feature on Android devices, an Android feature that allows display messages and notifications of other applications to “pop up,” and allows an attacker to employ an overlay attack.


TA505, for instance, abuses NSIS to install ServHelper.


, it will directly upload the cookie file to cloud storage.


The same Russian blogger previously published interviews with a representative of the group behind the REvil ransomware-as-a-service (RaaS), hackers and security experts.


Introduction


It can spy on the victim through apps installed on the device, a list of which is in its configuration file that can be updated.


In these posts here and here we talk about what XDR is and how it brings in more sources, such as network data.


Multiple Twitter handles were found promoting the adult game called Virtual Girlfriend and sharing the malicious domain via short links.


Timeline of the Campaign


The threat actor behind this campaign is interesting for several reasons.


Microsoft stores the to-be-freed blocks in a structure called st_ProtecFreeManageHeap.


That report also mentioned InPage software targeting and Delphi backdoors.


Thankfully Kaseya acted extremely quickly advising all Kaseya VSA on-premises users to shut down their servers until further instructions.


Infection chain of Maikspy Android variant


We show some examples in Figure 11.


Under the Presidential Policy Directive (PPD) 41, the agency, together with the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), and the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI), formed a Cyber Unified Coordination Group (UCG).


Open source malware like Sorano and AdamantiumThief were also observed.


It still worked.


The PowerShell downloads, installs, and allows the remote desktop tool AnyDeskMSI through the firewall.


System Services: Service Execution Persistence T1543.003


Figure 16.


We terminated 22 YouTube channels as part of our ongoing investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to Indonesia.


Whenever a tool is used, the attacker deletes it from the disk as soon as it has done its purpose – which usually does not last for more than 15 minutes.


This may even suggest that a single development team may be behind this attack — maybe a single paid group that has sold its tools and services to other groups with different goals and targets.


We will also continue to share more detailed analysis of vulnerabilities we find, phishing and malware campaigns that we see, and other interesting or noteworthy trends across this space.


By submitting this form, you agree to our Terms of Use and acknowledge our Privacy Statement.


We terminated 5 YouTube channels as part of our ongoing investigation into coordinated influence operations linked to Russia.


Next-Generation Firewalls (PA-Series, VM-Series and CN-Series) or Prisma Access with a Threat Prevention security subscription can automatically block sessions related to this vulnerability using Threat ID 92623 (Application and Threat content update 8575).  WildFire and Cortex XDR categorize all known samples we’ve come across as malware.


On the other hand, FIN7 takes advantage of Mshta, a utility that can execute VBScript, and scheduled tasks to run malicious code on user systems.


(Figure 2)


Publication of CISA Alert.


Also, developers need to be aware that SMS cannot meet security requirements (e.g. authentication) during the payment transactions.


These libraries will be sideloaded when the legitimate executable gets executed.


It could be there is a shift from ransomware due to a declining return on investment because people no longer willing to pay ransom in the wake of WannaCry/ WanaCrypt0r, and Petya/NotPetya.


Figure 5.


The report also described Gamaredon’s political beginnings, particularly its ties to the Ukrainian revolution in 2014.


Shellcode


All organizations running vulnerable versions of Apache Struts should deploy the security updates as soon as possible.


Recently observed Ghostwriter credential phishing domains:


To protect our users, TAG routinely hunts for 0-day vulnerabilities exploited in-the-wild.


Similar to home entertainment devices, gaming consoles have both the security of the actual device and then the security of the cloud-based accounts to deal with.


This also helps to set context for how widely Disttrack can attempt to spread: 844 systems, each attempting to spread to 256, means that from one distribution server, Shamoon 2 attackers could potentially try to spread Disttrack to 216,064 systems; and that’s not counting if any of those infected systems, in turn, attempts to spread to an additional 256 systems.


The attack chain of ransomware incidents in Taiwan


Compromised site (received information May 2018) hxxp://alphap1[.]com/hdd/images/image.php Compromised site (received information May 2018) hxxp://adfamc[.]com/editor/sorak/image.php Compromised site (received information June 2018) hxxp://adfamc[.[com/editor/sorak/skin.php Compromised site (received information 17 July 2018)


The first stage payload is an MSI Installer that was created using an EXE to MSI converter.


Because of that, from a risk assessment point of view, ransomware needs to be put in a class by itself – a class that acknowledges that the risks from a successful attack of any kind are very high.


Interestingly, the new malware tools involved in Earth Baku’s new campaign indicates that the APT group has likely recruited members who specialize in low-level programming, software development, and red-team techniques.


For example:   Packet length Target module Command Data (victim's IPv4 address) 00 00 00 0a 00 07 c0 a8 00 01


Customers of Prisma Cloud have the ability to create alerts to detect vulnerabilities.


Users were instructed to activate an invitation to a (fake) webinar by logging in.


The botnet of Cyclops Blink has been around for some time.


Within the Visual Studio Project would be source code for exploiting the vulnerability, as well as an additional DLL that would be executed through Visual Studio Build Events.


We believe it is time for government, industry and civil society to come together to change the incentive structure which has allowed these technologies to spread in secret.


Jon:


CloudFormation now handles the details of automating that implementation, reducing the knowledge needed about the underlying mechanisms to automate that resource deployment.


The malware will then upload the screenshot files to cloud storage.


We also noticed this threat actor leveraging the use of other sandboxes besides Cuckoo – such as ANY.RUN and Hybrid Analysis – to test out verdicts and tooling, alongside the use of various virtual machines.


HyperBro is a malware family used by Iron Tiger (also known as Emissary Panda, APT27, Bronze Union, and Luckymouse), an advanced persistent threat (APT) group that has been performing cyberespionage for almost a decade, and there have been no reports of this group associated with a tool for Mac operating systems (OS).


Hidden.sys -  https://github.com/JKornev/hidden/tree/master/


6 Reloads the malware 7 Sets the local IP address parameter 8 Sets a new worker ID 9 Sets an unknown byte value 10 Resends configuration to all running modules  Modules Asus (0x38)  This module can read and write from the devices' flash memory.


Our recommendations: Additional resources: Avoid & Report Phishing Emails.


This is how they attack our organizations.


hxxp://207[.]148[.]94[.]157/update/rcv50/update.zip hxxp://207[.]148[.]94[.]157/update/rcv50/file000.zip hxxp://207[.]148[.]94[.]157/update/rcv50/file001.zip  URLs related to additionally downloaded malicious files:


The signature triggered on the creation of the webshell files, of which we observed the following file written:  /usr/local/tomcat/work/Catalina/localhost/ROOT/org/apache/jsp/shell_jsp.java /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/shell_.jsp  SpringShell is officially assigned CVE-2022-22965, and the patch was released on March 31, 2022.


Most of these actors use the same methods of access found in many ransomware attacks, such as phishing emails and exploiting unprotected internet-facing applications, the lack of multi-factor authentication (MFA), as well as the typical avenues used to preserve and enhance access once it’s achieved, such as through the use of Cobalt Strike or PowerShell.


Cloud security has been in the top two for the last few years.


03d0e7ad4c12273a42e4c95d854408b98b0cf5ecf5f8c5ce05b24729b6f4e369 35a485972282b7e0e8e3a7a9cbf86ad93856378fd96cc8e230be5099c4b89208 5afc59cd2b39f988733eba427c8cf6e48bd2e9dc3d48a4db550655efe0dca798 6dc0600de00ba6574488472d5c48aa2a7b23a74ff1378d8aee6a93ea0ee7364f 767bd025c8e7d36f64dbd636ce0f29e873d1e3ca415d5ad49053a68918fe89f4 977f0053690684eb509da27d5eec2a560311c084a4a133191ef387e110e8b85f ac8e59e8abeacf0885b451833726be3e8e2d9c88d21f27b16ebe00f00c1409e6 cd2ba296828660ecd07a36e8931b851dda0802069ed926b3161745aae9aa6daa Microsoft Live DLL 1a831a79a932edd0398f46336712eff90ebb5164a189ef38c4dacc64ba84fe23 PDB E:\Working\Projects\EmailDownloader\EmailDownloaderCookieMode\EmailDownloader\obj\Debug\EmailDownloader.pdb E:\Working\Projects\EmailDownloader\EmailDownloaderCookieMode\Mahdi\LiveLib\obj\Release\LiveLib.pdb


On account-trading markets, hijacked channels ranged from $3 USD to $4,000 USD depending on the number of subscribers.


This is very much a dark industry.


A successful attack against this vulnerability will infect the target system with the WanaCrypt0r ransomware, which will encrypt data on the target system and attempt to spread itself once again.


Figure 18. VBA macro with heavy obfuscation


However, these emails don’t look like phishing emails and seemed more like real email sent from normal users within the same organization.


Screenshot of decompiled script from the .ISO file with a .NET downloader embedded in the e-ticket.


Ransomware is an old but persistently evolving threat.


This malware and PuppetLoader both use the same XOR key (2726c6aea9970bb95211304705b5f595) that is used to decrypt the embedded Loader.dll file.


USBferry malware’s third version becomes resident in memory How USBferry targets air-gapped systems


As part of our efforts to combat serious threat actors, we use results of our research to improve the safety and security of our products.


The program aims to also equip them with a better understanding of the strategies and tactics of the country's adversaries and how the US government cyber operations defend the nation.


During our early investigation, TAG discovered the attacker’s public website (no longer available) advertising account hacking capabilities for email and social media services.


Unit 42 performed an in-depth analysis of the ransomware samples, the obfuscation and execution from this ransomware family, which contains very similar core functionality to the leaked Babuk/Babyk source code.


For each of these routines, we found a recent sample going back to a domain name belonging to Patchwork’s infrastructure.


At this time, we do not have research that explains definitively how the Shamoon 2 attackers have obtained these credentials.


Take time to ensure you have a good, complex, unguessable password.


They used the command nmap  --script log4shell.nse --script-args log4shell.waf-bypass=true --script-args log4shell.callback-server=xx.xx.xx.xx:1389 -p 80,443 xx.xx.xx.xx/xx, and set the callback server to the attacker group C&C server.       Figure 23.


This attack campaign was so generalized that the attackers didn’t even bother with any theme or lure: they simply sent blank messages with malicious attachments for the recipient to open.


In this blog post Trend Micro researchers discuss the malware variant’s current capabilities, including the addition of features intended to make it more difficult to detect in infected machines.


The 3 bytes "efb880" is in UTF-8 encoding.


Once the recipient opens the Excel spreadsheet, she or he does have trouble viewing the document: it opens as a blank spreadsheet.


October 15, 2020 – December 14, 2020  193.56.28[.]25  Scans TCP port 445 and 1433  May 21 – May 26, 2020  195.191.235[.]155  Scans UDP port 389   August 22, 2020   Files  SHA256  Filename  Description  Trend Micro Pattern Detection  Trend Micro Machine Learning Detection  c4a61b581890f575ba0586cf6d7d7d3e0c7603ca40915833d6746326685282b7  info.exe  Google Drive RAT  Trojan.MSIL.DRIVEOCEAN.A  Troj.Win32.TRX.XXPE50FSX005  3fd45b9b33ff5b6363ba0013178572723b0a912deb8235a951aa3f0aa3142509  info.exe  Google Drive RAT  Trojan.MSIL.DRIVEOCEAN.A  Troj.Win32.TRX.XXPE50FSX005  cbd9cb7b69f864ce8bae983ececb7cf8627f9c17fdaba74bd39baa5cdf605f79  gdrive.exe  Google Drive RAT  Trojan.MSIL.DRIVEOCEAN.A  Troj.Win32.TRX.XXPE50FFF039  2060f1e108f5feb5790320c38931e3dc6c7224edf925bf6f1840351578bbf9cc  gdrive.exe  Google Drive RAT  Trojan.MSIL.DRIVEOCEAN.A  Troj.Win32.TRX.XXPE50FFF039  f364729450cb91b2a4c4e378c08e555137028c63480a221bb70e7e179a03f5cc  gdrive.exe  Google Drive RAT  Trojan.MSIL.DRIVEOCEAN.A  N/A  e3894693eff6a2ae4fa8a8134b846c2acaf5649cd61e71b1139088d97e54236d  info.exe  IMAP RAT  Trojan.MSIL.OCEANMAP.A  Troj.Win32.TRX.XXPE50FSX005  83fbd76d298253932aa3e3a9bc48c201fe0b7089f0a7803e68f41792c05c5279  decrypt_v2.4.exe  IMAP RAT  Trojan.MSIL.OCEANMAP.A  Troj.Win32.TRX.XXPE50FSX005  fe00bd6fba209a347acf296887b10d2574c426fa962b6d4d94c34b384d15f0f1  email.exe


We believe it is imperative that all security vendors create protections to detect BRc4 and that all organizations take proactive measures to defend against this tool.  Palo Alto Networks has shared these findings, including file samples and indicators of compromise, with our fellow Cyber Threat Alliance members.


Sign up to receive the latest news, cyber threat intelligence and research from us  Please enter your email address!


At the time of writing, this site is down.


This year, for the first time in many years, shoppers and retailers are facing a new threat, unauthorized coin mining, driven by the surge in digital currency prices.


So we need to defend in-depth and have really great monitoring and protection tools within our networks because of this challenge of lateral movement.


We have seen hack-for-hire groups target human rights and political activists, journalists, and other high-risk users around the world, putting their privacy, safety and security at risk.


The malware has a full suite of possible commands, 76 to be exact.


Please mark, I'm not a robot!


It also enables buyers to view vendor information in the same way, allowing for true apples to apples comparison.


Two ransomware families that utilize these types of ransom notes are Virlock and WanaCrypt0r.


In the event that the main C2 servers do not respond, the infected systems can retrieve backup domains encrypted in the latest transaction from the following bitcoin wallet addresses:  The following 32 byte AES keys for decryption are hard coded in the binaries:  The blockchain transaction’s OP_RETURN data can be decrypted using AES-256 GCM to provide a backup command and control domain name.


Standard phishing attacks are broad attacks that use general email messages to carry out the attacks.


If the cookie file path was not supplied via the command line, a new form will allow the operator to do so using drag and drop.


Figure 4. Leaked assert() path     Public references to this path (the path to the c++ boost library) consist of Korean language blogs explaining how to set up a developer environment configuration using the same path.


Early reports indicated that the initial attack vector was via spam and/or phishing email.


Same as with the fake Tweety chat application we described in detail in our previous research, a Windows application with real chat features based on the open-source chat application RocketChat was offered.


Future attacks may target U.S. and Western European organizations in retaliation for increased sanctions or other political measures against the Russian government.


This post is also available in:      日本語 (Japanese)  Intro


HelloXD Malware Overview Packer Analyses Ransomware Internals WTFBBQ Pivots Hunting for Ransomware Attribution Conclusion Indicators of Compromise


9002 RAT also installed additional malicious tools: an exploit tool for Internet Information Services (IIS) 6 WebDav (exploiting CVE-2017-7269) and an SQL database password dumper.


All of the identified IAP SDKs use premium SMS to provide the IAP service.


Development environments don’t have spell check but, maybe they should.


These objects are passed to the appropriate software for handling, thus any vulnerability that the software has can also be exploited by embedding it within the Adobe Flash content in the Office document.


It checks whether the service is still running every minute, and if it is not, the service will be launched again.


EXOTIC LILY’s attack chain has remained relatively consistent throughout the time we’ve been tracking the group: One notable technique is the use of domain and identity spoofing as a way of gaining additional credibility with a targeted organization.


The injected executable contains the last stage of the TDrop2 malware variant.


Other activities