Table: us_open_champions
Columns: year
country
course
location
total_score
to_par_a

Question: With a year larger than 1905, and a location of philadelphia, pennsylvania with a to par [a] of n/a and a country of scotland what is the course?
SQL: SELECT "course" FROM us_open_champions WHERE "to_par_a" = 'n/a' AND "country" = 'scotland' AND "year" > 1905 AND "location" = 'philadelphia, pennsylvania'

Question: What is the total score for a location of san francisco, california, and a year after 1987, and a to pa [a] of +1?
SQL: SELECT "total_score" FROM us_open_champions WHERE "location" = 'san francisco, california' AND "year" > 1987 AND "to_par_a" = '+1'

Question: What is the sum for the year with a location of newport, rhode island?
SQL: SELECT SUM("year") FROM us_open_champions WHERE "location" = 'newport, rhode island'

Question: What is the country with a course of merion golf club, and a to par [1] of e?
SQL: SELECT "country" FROM us_open_champions WHERE "course" = 'merion golf club' AND "to_par_a" = 'e'

Question: What is the total score for the year 2012?
SQL: SELECT "total_score" FROM us_open_champions WHERE "year" = 2012