mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Precise Synthesis of Hollow Mesoporous Palladium-Sulfur Alloy Nanoparticles for Selective Catalytic Hydrogenation

Hollow mesoporous metals have unique potential for catalysis, but their precise synthesis and further elaboration of their structure-performance relationships are still huge challenges. Herein, we report a new synthetic strategy, named the Kirkendall effect in synergistic template (KEST), for the desired preparation of hollow mesoporous palladium-sulfur (h-mesoPdS) alloy nanoparticles. The KEST strategy combines the Kirkendall cavitation synthesis of hollow PdS alloys at the atomic level and the nanocasting growth of a highly ordered mesoporous framework at the mesoscopic level, resulting in onestep solid-phase synthesis of binary h-mesoPdS alloy nanoparticles under ambient conditions. The h-mesoPdS possesses hollow and mesoporous geometry as well as binary PdS alloy composition, which synergistically optimize their electronic structures and energetically adjust the hydrogenation reaction trends. The h-mesoPdS alloy nanoparticles show a remarkable selectivity of 94% for semi-hydrogenating 4-nitrophenylacetylene to industrially important 4-nitrostyrene without hydrogenating the nitro group or over-hydrogenating the alkynyl group. Because of the significant advances in both synthesis and catalysis, this work paves a new route for realizing the targeted synthesis of highly efficient nanomaterials in various applications.
Stabilization and Multiple-Responsive Recognition of Natural Base Pairs in Water by a Cationic Cage

The hydrogen-bonded (H-bonded) base pairs, double H-bonded A·T and triple H-bonded G·C in DNA,are important units for storing, encoding, and expressing genetic information. Owing to the interference from water, however, the formation of H-bonded base pairs from short deoxynucleotide fragments such as mono-or di-deoxynucleotide are not easily achieved in aqueous solutions. Here, we report a host-guest strategy to stabilize H-bonded base pairs of monodeoxynucleotides by a tetraphenylethene (TPE)-based octacationic cage to form host-guest complexes in water. The X-ray structure of cage⊃base pair complex clearly shows the double hydrogen bonds between A and T can be stabilized inside the hydrophobic cavity of the cage to form a H-bonded base pair (A·T) with the Hoogsteen pairing rule. Furthermore, the adaptive chirality of the cage with excess right-handed (P) rotational conformation of TPE units is triggered by two base pairs (A·T and G·C) to exhibit differentiated multiple responses,including turn-on/turn-off fluorescence, negative circular dichroism, and negative circularly polarized luminescence in water.
Rare-Earth Doping Graphitic Carbon Nitride Endows Distinctive Multiple Emissions with Large Stokes Shifts

Two-dimensional (2D) graphitic carbon nitride (g-C_3N_4) possesses a unique geometric configuration featuring a superimposed heterocyclic sp~2 carbon and nitrogen framework. Its fluorescence may be attributed to π-π*,lone pair (LP)-π*, or LP-δ* transitions. So far, the manipulation of its fluorescence emissions is largely unexploited and remains challenging. Herein, for the first time, rare-earth doping into the backbone structure of a g-C_3N_4 framework under microwave agitation endows unprecedented fluorescence nature, with the emergence of two exceptional new fluorescence emissions in the 450-700 nm range. With terbium-doped g-C_3N_4:Tb as a representative, these emissions exhibit distinctive features, that is, very sharp fluorescence peaks with narrow full width at half maximum (FWHM) (peak width at half-height) of <12 nm, quantum yields of 2.3 ± 0.0% and 7.6 ± 0.1% for the new emissions at λ_(ex)/λ_(em) = 290/490 nm, and 290/545 nm, respectively; and a large Stokes shift of >200 nm. These features of g-C_3N_4:Tb are most advantageous for applications in various fields, as demonstrated by (1) tracking biodistribution of g-C_3N_4 in vivo with mass spectrometric imaging where the doped terbium serves as a tag, (2) a biometrics study facilitating the identification of an individual through fingerprint, and (3) anti-counterfeiting with g-C_3N_4:Tb as a dual-functional marker to facilitate fluorescence and mass spectrometric imaging.
An Improved Power Flow Method to Cope with Non-smooth Constraints of Integrated Energy Systems

Integrated energy system applications can significantly improve energy efficiency. In this paper, we establish an integrated energy system containing heat, electricity and gas. The existing power flow (PF) calculation method applied to integrated energy systems (IESs) does not consider non-smooth constraints, such as the piecewise pipeline friction coefficient and generator buses reactive power limits, etc. Mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) is conventionally used to deal with piecewise pipeline friction coefficients in gas network parts, but it is both complex and inefficient. Hence, we develop a piecewise linear function-based fitting method that can reduce the number of integer variables and enhanced the computational efficiency. In the electric network part, if the reactive power of the PV bus violates limits, it will be converted into a PQ bus, which is a non-differentiable and non-smooth constraint. Mixed complementarity problems are conventionally introduced to represent the PV-PQ buses type switching relationship and are addressed by the Newton-Raphson (NR) method. However, the above method is sensitive to the initial point. Here, we introduce a robust projected Levenberg-Marquardt (PLM) algorithm to cope with this issue. We demonstrate the advantages of our method and validate it both in a small-scale system and largescale network test cases.
Grid Voltage Sensor-less Protection Scheme for One Cycle-Controlled Single-phase Photovoltaic Inverter Systems

One-cycle-controlled (OCC) inverters are suitable for small single-phase photovoltaic distributed-generator systems because of their simplicity, phase-locked-loop free structure, grid voltage sensor-less operation, and cost-effectiveness. Grid voltage sensor-less control helps reduce cost and increases reliability in operation. However various sensors are used for implementation of a protection mechanism. In this paper, a grid voltage sensorless protection scheme for OCC based single-phase inverter systems is proposed. The estimated value of voltage at point of common coupling (VPCC) is used for protecting the system during over/under voltage conditions of the grid,implementing of voltage ride through conditions, and for disconnecting the grid during islanded conditions. The VPCC is estimated from the measured inverter current, switching pulses, and the measured dc-link voltage using a second-order filter. Simulation and experimental studies are performed to verify the efficacy of the proposed voltage sensor-less protection mechanism triggered using estimated VPCC.
Enhancement of Soil Discharge Channels on Potential Surrounding Buried Cables Under Impulsive Currents

Substations have a large number of signal transmission cables beneath the ground. Both the insulation safety and signal reliability of the cables are affected severely by the electromagnetic field. Under high-amplitude impulsive currents, the dispersion of currents can cause soil discharge and thus cause unexpected distortions in an electromagnetic field. This paper focuses on the distortions of the electric field. In general, soil discharge channels occur in the vicinity of the independent rod. Closer development of the channel might enhance the electric field distribution and the potential surrounding the outer insulation of the cables (i.e. the surface potential on the cable). Therefore, this paper establishes a platform for observing the soil discharge channel and measuring the surface potential. Direction characteristic of the channel is extracted from the captured image of soil discharge channels and the surface potential is obtained by the measured coupling capacitive current on the shield experimentally. This paper also presents an improved model considering a dynamic growing discharge channel for the transient analysis of the grounding electrode. Study results show the surface potential increases as the discharge channel approaches the cable. To quantify this enhancement effect, the ratio of the highest to the lowest value of surface potential in different directions is taken as the multiple of the surface potential increase. The calculated multiples of the surface potential increase are in the range of 1 to 1.64 times under different conditions by the improved model. Therefore, taking the soil discharge channel into account is helpful to accurately analyze the impulsive interference of buried cables.
Composite Model-free Adaptive Predictive Control for Wind Power Generation Based on Full Wind Speed

Aiming at the problem that the existing model-based control strategy cannot fully reflect stochastic fluctuations of wind power, this paper presents a model-free adaptive predictive controller (MFAPC) for variable pitch systems with speed disturbance suppression. First, an improved small-world neural network with topology optimization is used for 15-second-ahead forecasting of wind speed, whose rolling time is 1s, and the predicted value serves as a feedforward to obtain the early compensation variation of the pitch angle. Second, a function of the multi-objective optimization at full wind speed with optimal power point tracking and minimum control variation is constructed, and an advanced one-step adaptive predictive control algorithm for wind power is proposed based on the online estimation and prediction of the time-varying pseudo partial derivative (PPD). In addition, the compound MFAPC framework is synthetically obtained, whose closed-loop effectiveness is verified by a BP-built pitch system based on the SCADA data with all working conditions. Robustness of the schemes has been analyzed in terms of parametric uncertainties and different operating conditions, and a detailed comparison is finally presented. The results show that the proposed MFAPC can not only effectively suppress the random disturbance of wind speed, but also meet the stability of wind power and the security of grid-connections for all operating conditions.
Hierarchical Multi-objective Planning for Integrated Energy Systems in Smart Parks Considering Operational Characteristics

An integrated energy system (IES) is considered to be an important supporting technology for emission reduction because it can effectively improve the efficiency of energy utilization and promote its sustainable development. Considering the uncertainties and operational conditions, this paper establishes a bilevel multi-objective optimization model for IES for the Smart Park from the standpoint of economy, technology and environment. The upper level with one objective reflects the economic cost composed of investment, operating and maintenance, etc. The lower level constructs three objectives, including pollution emission, operation costs and renewable energy utilization. Simultaneously, various equality and inequality constraints are addressed to satisfy the technical requirements. In addition, an improved MOEA/D-MC-DC algorithm (Multi Objective Evolutionary Algorithm through Decomposition Based on Monte Carlo and Decoupled Coding, MOEA/D-MC-DC) is presented for handling the complex and nonlinear bilevel multi-objective optimization problems with constraints. A genetic algorithm (GA) is used to solve the upper single objective, while MOEA is employed to cope with the multi-objectives of the lower level. Using three typical IESs in the Smart Park as examples, several simulations are carried out to verify the efficiency, applicability and universality of the proposed model and optimization algorithm. The results show that the proposed method can effectively optimize the configuration of an IES in various Smart Parks.
Graph Computing and Its Application in Power Grid Analysis

Approaches to apply graph computing to power grid analysis are systematically explained using real-world application examples. Through exploring the nature of the power grid and the characteristics of power grid analysis, the guidelines for selecting appropriate graph computing techniques for the application to power grid analysis are outlined. A custom graph model for representing the power grid for the analysis and simulation purpose and an in-memory computing (IMC) based graph-centric approach with a shared-everything architecture are introduced. Graph algorithms, including network topology processing and subgraph processing, and graph computing application scenarios,including in-memory computing, contingency analysis, and Common Information Model (CIM) model merge, are presented.
Modeling and Analysis of PV Configurations to Extract Maximum Power Under Partial Shading Conditions

Photovoltaics (PV) are widely used as renewable energy sources for standalone and grid connected PV systems. But these PV systems face major reduction in output power and efficiency due to Partial Shading Conditions (PSCs). This research paper focuses on the different choices of optimum PV Configuration under a given shading pattern to extract maximum power by mitigating mismatching loss. Various PV configurations,such as Series (S), Series Parallel (SP),Total Cross Tied (TCT), Bridge Linked (BL), Honey Comb (HC) and Alternate Total Cross Tied - Bridge Linked (A-TCT-BL) are modeled and analyzed under PSCs. Nine shading patterns, such as center, diagonal, corner, L-shaped,short and narrow, short and wide, long and narrow, long and wide and random, are considered to study the behavior of a 6 × 6 array form of a PV Configuration. Their performances are compared based on open circuit voltage, short circuit current, global maximum power point (GMPP), maximum voltage, maximum current, shading loss, fill factor, mismatching loss and efficiency. A novel Hybrid Configuration called A-TCT-BL PV Configuration is proposed to generate maximum power under PSCs and to minimize the number of cross ties and wiring complexities. This Configuration is an integration of TCT and BL PV Configuration and the simulation results prove the capability of this proposed PV Configuration to generate maximum power, fill factor, efficiency and minimum mismatching loss compared to S, SP, BL and HC PV Configurations under a majority of the PSCs investigated. A Canadian Solar CS5P-200M PV module is considered for simulation and is simulated using Matlab/Simulink software.
Modeling and Stability Issues of Voltage-source Converter-dominated Power Systems: A Review

With the substantive increase in the proportion of voltage-source converter (VSC)-based equipment, traditional power systems that primarily constituted of synchronous generators (SGs) gradually evolved into VSC-dominated ones. At the same time, there is an urgent need for modeling and stability assessment of such systems, since low inertia and weak damping features impair the ability of the systems to resist random disturbances. Existing works model the system dynamic processes from various domains (i.e., time, frequency and energy), and analyze/determine the system stability under small or large disturbances. Among them, small-signal stability assessments mainly adopt the time-domain analysis based on the state-space model while frequency-domain methods include the impedance model,phase-amplitude dynamics model, and static synchronous generator model. Large-signal stability assessments mainly exploit the time-domain simulation with detailed models (i.e., continuous/discrete-time mixed model with differential-difference-algebraic equations), and the energy-domain analysis is based on energy function models. This paper presents a comprehensive review of existing modeling and stability analysis methods for VSC-dominated power systems, including their basic principles, key features, application scenarios and development tendencies. Key technical issues related to modeling and stability analysis are also summarized.
The use of automatic measurement techniques in the geotechnical monitoring system of PGE GiEK S.A.,KWB Turow branch

Geotechnical monitoring currently plays a key role in the research of the processes taking place in the ground medium and preventing hazardous events.In the case of open-pit mining,several solutions are commonly used to monitor various geotechnical parameters.However,geotechnical situation is usually assessed based on recorded values of deep and surface displacement,which allow to accurately predict landslides.The measurements are most often carried out manually,which,due to the difficult terrain conditions in the case of open-pit mining,are often timeconsuming and complicated,especially taking into account dangerous landslide movements.Therefore,in order to ensure a higher degree of safety against the risk of landslides,modern solutions are required in the field of geotechnical monitoring.This article presents modern automatic measurement techniques,compares various solutions available on the market and illustrates the benefits of their application in open-pit mining.It also discusses the expansion and modernization of the control and measurement network at KWB Turow,carried out in recent years,as well as the observational method for controlling the efficiency of stackers,developed after the installation of automated measuring stations,with its impact on the geotechnical safety of an internal waste heap.The paper as a case study presents,what a modern and effective geotechnical monitoring system should look like,which in practice will ensure continuous observation of selected parameters and enable a quick response in the event of a landslide threat.Last but not least,the author focuses on the creation of an innovative landslide early warning system,implemented at KWB Turow.
Surface coal mining impacts on land use change and ecological service value:a case study in Shengli coalfield,Inner Mongolia

Coal plays a crucial role in global economic development and remains the most common and widely distributed fossil fuel worldwide.As the world's largest developing country,China's mining and utilization of coal resources have contributed significantly to the country's rapid economic growth.Inner Mongolia is an ecologically fragile arid and semi-arid area of China.The exploitation of opencast mining has seriously hindered the sustainable use of regional land and the residents' well-being.Using ENVI-based remote sensing images from 2000,2005,2010,2015,and 2020,this study employed a random forest algorithm to divide land utilization types into construction land,vegetation,cultivated land,bare land,and water areas and analyzed the characteristics of land use and ecosystem service value changes over the past 20 years.The results were as follows:(1) Construction land in the mining area changed minimally from 2000 to 2020;vegetation and water bodies showed a decreasing trend,whereas bare and cultivated lands showed an increasing trend.Bare land exhibited the largest change in area proportion and water bodies the smallest.(2) The total ecosystem service value of the mining area declined from 10.939 to 9.527 billion Yuan.Vegetation ecosystem service value was the highest,followed by cultivated land and water,with the bare land ecosystem service value the lowest.(3) On a spatial scale,the total ecosystem service value of the Shengli mining area decreased year by year,indicating that land use changes in the mining area do have an impact on ecosystem service value.
Using true-triaxial stress path to simulate excavation-induced rock damage: a case study

This study presents an example illustrating the role of in situ 3D stress path method in simulating the roof damage development observed in the Mine-by tunnel at Underground Research Laboratory (URL) located in Manitoba, Canada. The 3D stress path, at the point 1 cm in the crown of the Mine-by tunnel, was applied to a cubic Lac du Bonnet (LdB) granite sample to further understand the roof damage process and the associated seismicity. After careful calibrations, a numerical model was used to reproduce the experiment, which produced similar seismicity processes and source mechanisms. Acoustic emission (AE) events obtained from laboratory and numerical modeling were converted to locations in relation to the tunnel face and were compared to the field microseismicity (MS) occurring in the upper notch region of the Mine-by tunnel. The crack development and damage mechanism are carefully illustrated. The difference between tests and field monitoring was discussed. The intermediate principal stress (σ2) unloading process was carried out in numerical simulation to investigate its role in rock damage development. The results clearly showed σ2 could play a significant role both in damage development and failure mode. It should be considered when predicting the damage region in underground excavations. This study highlights the potential role of laboratory and numerical stress path tests to investigate fracture processes and mechanisms occurring during engineering activities such as tunnel excavation.
Identification of potential anti-pneumonia pharmacological components of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma after the treatment with Gan An He Ji oral liquid

Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, a traditional Chinese medicine also known as Gan Cao (GC), is frequently included in clinical prescriptions for the treatment of pneumonia. However, the pharmacological components of GC for pneumonia treatment are rarely explored. Gan An He Ji oral liquid (GAHJ) has a simple composition and contains GC liquid extracts and paregoric, and has been used clinically for many years. Therefore, GAHJ was selected as a compound preparation for the study of GC in the treatment of pneumonia. We conducted an in vivo study of patients with pneumonia undergoing GAHJ treatments for three days. Using the intelligent mass spectrometry data-processing technologies to analyze the metabolism of GC in vivo, we obtained 168 related components of GC in humans, consisting of 24 prototype components and 144 metabolites, with 135 compounds screened in plasma and 82 in urine. After analysis of the metabolic transformation relationship and relative exposure, six components (liquiritin,liquiritigenin, glycyrrhizin, glycyrrhetinic acid, daidzin, and formononetin) were selected as potential effective components. The experimental results based on two animal pneumonia models and the inflammatory cell model showed that the mixture of these six components was effective in the treatment of pneumonia and lung injury and could effectively downregulate the level of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Interestingly, glycyrrhetinic acid exhibited the strongest inhibition on iNOS and the highest exposure in vivo. The following molecular dynamic simulations indicated a strong bond between glycyrrhetinic acid and iNOS. Thus, the current study provides a pharmaceutical basis for GC and reveals the possible corresponding mechanisms in pneumonia treatment.