mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Magnetic Properties of SrFe_(12)O_(19) Ferrites Suitable for Use in Self-Biased LTCC Circulators

Strontium ferrites with different Bi_2O_3 content are prepared by the solid phase method, and their magnetic properties are investigated primarily. The Bi_2O_3 additive and sintering temperature separately exhibit a strong effect on the sintering density, crystal structure, and magnetic properties of the ferrites. As to the ferrites with 3 wt% Bi_2O_3, the relatively high sintering density ρ_s, saturation magnetization M_s, and intrinsic coercivity H_(ci) can be obtained at a low sintering temperature of 900°C even much lower. Furthermore, the effective magnetic anisotropy constant K_(eff) and magnetic anisotropy field H_a of the ferrites are calculated from the magnetization curve by the law of approach to saturation. It is suggested that the low-temperature sintered SrFe_(12)O_(19) ferrites with M_s of 285.6 kA/m and H_a of 1564.6 kA/m possess a significant potentiality for applying in the self-biased low-temperature co-fired ceramics circulators from 34 to 40 GHz.
Spectra of 4~2S_(1/2)→3~2D_(5/2)Transitions of a Single Trapped ~(40)Ca~+ Ion

We investigate the spectra of the electric quadrupole 4~2S_(1/2)→3~2D_(5/2) transitions in a single ~(40)Ca~+ ion confined in a home-built linear trap. We probe the transitions with an ultra-narrow bandwidth laser at 729 nm. In a weak magnetic field, the quadrupole transition splits into ten components with the maximal line strength proportional to their squared Clebsch–Gordan factors. In a magnetic field of the order of Gauss, the observed equidistant sideband reflects the Zeeman substructure modulated by the quantized oscillation due to the secular motion in the trap. The temperature of the trapped ion can be determined by the envelope of the sideband spectrum. We also demonstrate the Rabi oscillation in a carrier transition after the ion has been Doppler cooled, which can be fitted by the model with the thermal state of motion.
城市公共安全应急响应动态地理模拟研究

在复杂性科学研究的启示下, 将用于复杂地理空间系统建模与仿真的地理模拟系统(GSS)理论引入城市公共安全应急领域, 研究了大范围城市公共安全应急响应模拟的技术方法, 提出了基于第二代地理模拟系统—多智能体系统(MAS)和地理信息系统(GIS)的城市公共安全应急响应模型框架, 完成应急响应多智能模型体系架构、应急智能体个体结构、应急环境描述方法、多智能体模拟环境工作原理和多智能体模型在计算机上实现的关键技术研究, 构建了模拟系统平台原型.采集北京市原城八区基础地理数据为实验数据, 以假想的突发事件为背景进行了城市公共安全应急响应的复杂过程模拟实验, 验证了运用地理模拟系统的空间动态建模方法构建城市公共安全应急响应系统的可操作性和技术体系的可行性.文章认为:复杂系统理论和复杂适应性系统理论可以为城市公共安全应急响应的复杂动态过程研究提供理论框架, 复杂系统动态仿真方法和现代空间信息技术可以成为城市公共安全应急响应系统构建的方法论和技术支持, 基于多智能体和GIS的应急响应模型是城市公共安全应急响应研究的关键技术, 在实际的城市公共安全应急响应模拟时, 基于Repast和Geotools实现多智能体系统与GIS系统的紧密集成, 基于JTS实现空间数据分析, 以及基于Terracotta集群技术解决大运算量数据处理至关重要.
东沙海底峡谷的地貌沉积特征及成因

东沙海底峡谷是南海东北部峡谷群中最西边的一条大型峡谷, 其研究对于深入理解晚新生代南海东北部峡谷群的成因、沉积输移机理、台西南前陆盆地及台湾造山带的演化等具有重要意义.综合利用多道反射地震和多波束海底测深数据, 研究东沙海底峡谷的地貌、沉积特征及成因.结果表明, 东沙海底峡谷是一条陆坡限定型峡谷, 它发源于东沙群岛东部上陆坡区, 自NWW往SEE方向于水深3000 m处汇入台湾浅滩南峡谷, 全长约190 km, 平均宽度10 km.根据地震层序分析, 在峡谷充填沉积物中识别出了11个层序界面, 解释为峡谷的古下切侵蚀面.地震相分析表明, 该峡谷及有关沉积主要表现为平行上超充填、杂乱充填、丘状发散和迁移波状等地震相类型, 分别解释为浊流或其他重力流沉积与半远洋沉积的交互、滑坡或碎屑流及峡谷底部滞留沉积、浊流溢流形成的天然堤, 以及发育于天然堤或峡谷口外海底扇上的沉积波. ODP1144孔合成记录层位标定表明, 东沙海底峡谷的发育大致始于中更新世约0.90 Ma.东沙海底峡谷最先形成于现今峡谷中游的上段, 随着浊流或其他重力流不断的下切侵蚀, 峡谷顺陆坡而下逐渐向海盆方向延伸, 同时在溯源侵蚀作用下逆坡向陆架破折带方向延伸至现今峡谷头部.上述11个地震层序界面的年代大致可以与全球低海平面期进行对比, 表明海平面变化是控制东沙海底峡谷多期下切-充填的重要因素.综合分析认为, 东沙海底峡谷的成因与台湾隆升及台西南前陆盆地的发育这一大的区域构造背景有关, 但没有证据表明东沙海底峡谷的形成与断裂、岩浆活动等存在直接联系.陆坡重力搬运过程(包括滑坡及浊流)对东沙海底峡谷的形成演化具有重要影响.
2014年8月3日云南鲁甸M6.5地震破裂方向性研究

2014年8月3日云南鲁甸发生了M6.5地震, 造成了严重的人员伤亡与经济损失.基于近震波形CAP方法反演得到的震源机制解表明此次地震主要为走滑型地震, 两个断层节面的走向分别为70°及160°左右.由于震源区构造复杂, 分布着不同尺度及走向的断层, 仅根据地震断层面解难以确认发生破裂的实际断层.利用主震和参考地震之间的P波到时差及CAP反演过程中得到的时移信息, 测量得到了鲁甸地震质心位置与破裂起始位置的差异, 确定了地震断层面解中走向为160°的节面为真实破裂面.本文得到的鲁甸地震破裂方向性可为进一步研究该震发震成因提供参考.
诊疗护理埃博拉出血热患者时高腰靴套穿着方法的改进

目的探讨诊疗护理埃博拉出血热患者时护理人员高腰靴套穿着方法的改进,防止出现高腰靴套潮湿、磨损及下滑等现象。方法便利抽样法选取2014年10月11-31日进入病区工作人员(共计93名、640人次)为研究对象,按时间先后将其分为3组,分别采取3种不同的方法穿着高腰靴套,工作1 h,对所有工作人员进行问卷调查,比较高腰靴套下滑、磨损、潮湿等情况以及对3种方法防护效果的满意情况。结果方法1、2、3组之间出现潮湿、磨损、下滑程度的差异有统计学意义(P< 0.05),方法3优于方法1和2。3种方法除“便于观察和使用”项的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)外,其余项的差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论在诊疗护理埃博拉出血热患者时,为避免出现高腰靴套潮湿、磨损及下滑,在其外面加穿1副普通鞋套的效果最好。
疼痛科住院患者的护理安全隐患与护理对策

目的探讨疼痛科住院患者存在的护理安全隐患并提出护理对策。方法回顾性分析并总结2011年3月至2012年6月嘉兴市第一医院疼痛科住院的538例患者的临床资料。结果538例住院患者中,发生跌倒1起、晕厥1起、漏服药3起、硬膜外镇痛泵与导管连接处滑脱1起。结论对疼痛科住院患者进行护理安全隐患评估,并有针对性做好防范措施,对住院患者安全起到了重要作用。
经皮微创跟距关节融合术治疗跟距关节炎的疗效及安全性

跟距关节融合术是一种有效的治愈严重跟距关节炎的手段。以往传统手术治疗造成的损伤较大,且不易控制切除的骨量,还能引起距舟关节创伤性关节炎。随着微创技术的不断发展,微创跟距关节融合术有效地克服了传统手术的弊端,不仅损伤小,且骨融合率较高。我院对收治的跟距关节炎患者分别采取经皮微创跟距关节融合术和传统手术治疗,旨在探究微创跟距关节融合术的优点。
内镜冷光源介导下椎管扩大成形术治疗老年腰椎管狭窄症

腰椎间盘突出伴椎管狭窄是脊柱外科的常见疾病。传统的开放手术如开窗或半椎板切除可能存在减压不充分;全椎板切除减压必须同时切除棘突及椎板,不但增加患者治疗费用,而且对脊柱后柱结构造成较大破坏,从而影响了脊柱的稳定性;而后路椎间盘镜技术(MED)不能解决椎管狭窄的问题。我院从2010年起运用内镜冷光源介导下的保留棘突椎管扩大成形术治疗腰椎间盘突出伴椎管狭窄,取得满意疗效。
老年原发性小肠淋巴瘤螺旋CT的临床特征及诊断价值

原发性小肠淋巴瘤(PSIL)是小肠壁淋巴组织恶性肿瘤。其病因可能与感染、免疫异常等因素有关。由于小肠冗长曲折、互相重叠且不断蠕动,以往采用内镜、钡剂造影等检查方法,均无法观察到管壁及管腔外的变化,诊断准确性较差。螺旋 CT密度分辨率高、容积扫描快速、后期处理方便,能够清楚判断腔壁的厚度、病变形态、显示肠系膜及肠腔外的情况等。因此被国内外研究者认为是诊断小肠病变最理想的检查方法。本研究分析老年PSIL患者的CT资料,总结老年PSIL的CT表现特征,以提高CT诊断的准确性。
独居老人抑郁状况与社会支持影响

空巢老人的心理健康问题不仅是心理学研究的重要内容,更是一个严峻的社会问题。独居老人不仅子女离家,而且丧偶,是比空巢老人更弱势的群体。抑郁是21世纪影响人类健康的主要危险因素,在正常人群中的发生率呈现不断增长的趋势。抑郁对个体心理调适具有阻碍作用,本文进行城市独居老年人的抑郁情绪调查及其影响研究。
细胞外信号调节激酶1/2对糖尿病脑缺血再灌注大鼠海马区Bax表达的调控作用

目的探讨细胞外信号调节激酶1/2对糖尿病脑缺血再灌注大鼠海马区Bax表达的调控。方法采用链脲佐菌素诱导联合改良的Pulsineli 4血管阻断(4-VO)法制作糖尿病全脑缺血再灌注模型,并应用ERK1/2抑制剂U0126对糖尿病脑缺血再灌注大鼠预处理。分别在缺血1、6、24和48 h应用光镜观察海马区神经细胞形态变化;免疫组织化学法检测磷酸化ERK1/2和Bax表达水平。结果糖尿病脑缺血组各时间存活神经元密度显著低于血糖正常脑缺血组、磷酸化ERK1/2表达水平低于血糖正常脑缺血组、Bax表达水平高于血糖正常脑缺血组;应用U0126处理后,各时间点海马区神经元细胞存活密度降低、磷酸化ERK1/2表达降低、Bax表达增高。结论ERK1/2活化通过介导Bax表达参与并介导了糖尿病加重全脑缺血再灌注后神经细胞的丢失。
社区老年人自我护理能力与自我效能感的相关性

目的明确社区老年人的自我护理能力和自我效能感的相关性。方法采用自我护理能力测定量表(ESCA)和健康行为能力自评量表(SRAHP)调查兰州市城区524名老年人的自我护理能力和自我效能感水平,并分析其相关性。结果①社区老年人自我护理能力受一般人口学特征影响无显著性(P>0.05)。②社区老年人自我护理能力与自我效能均不够理想;③社区老年人自我护理能力与自我效能显著相关(P<0.01)。结论在社区中应重视提高老年人自我效能,从而有效改善老年人的自我护理能力。
阿司匹林单用及联合活血化瘀中成药治疗冠心病疗效的Meta分析

目的系统评价阿司匹林联合活血化瘀药与单独使用阿司匹林治疗冠心病的临床疗效。方法计算机检索在PubMed、VIP、 CNKI和CBM收录的有关阿司匹林联合活血化瘀药与单独使用阿司匹林治疗冠心病临床疗效对比的文献。采用Cochrane系统评价员手册中对随机对照试验(RCT)的质量评价标准对纳入文献进行质量评价,异质性分析使用χ~2检验,二分类变量采用比值比(OR)为效应量进行Meta分析,连续性变量采用均数标准差(SMD)进行Meta分析,异质性来源采用Stata12.0软件进行Meta回归分析。结果共纳入20篇RCT,其中18篇是临床治疗心绞痛有效率的,OR为3.19,95%置信区间为2.43~4.19,P<0.000 01;11篇是临床治疗心电有效率的,OR为2.61,95%置信区间为1.94~3.51,P<0.000 01;16篇是有关降低血脂中TC水平的,SMD为1.18,95%可信区间为0.69~1.67,P<0.000 01;16篇是降低血脂中TG水平的,SMD为1.02,95%可信区间为0.50~1.54 P=0.000 1;15篇是降低血脂中LDL水平的,SMD为1.22,95%可信区间为0.70~1.74,P<0.000 01;14篇是升高血脂中HDL水平的,SMD为0.88,95%可信区间为0.47~1.28,P<0.000 1。结论阿司匹林联合活血化瘀药治疗冠心病的临床疗效优于单独使用阿司匹林。
粪便中SFRP2基因甲基化与大肠癌的相关性

目的探讨粪便中的分泌型卷曲相关蛋白(SFRP)2基因甲基化对大肠癌患者的诊断价值。方法选取2011年12月至2013年12月该院经病理检查确诊的52例大肠癌病人及32例结肠镜阴性的健康者(对照组)。通过亚硫酸氢盐的限制酶法(COBRA)检测大肠癌52例粪便中SFRP2基因启动子两个区域(区域1和区域2)甲基化状态,分析SFRP2基因甲基化与肿瘤临床病理因素的关系。结果大肠癌患者及健康者粪便中广泛甲基化、部分甲基化及无甲基化分别为59.6%(31/52)、84.6%(44/52)、15.4%(8/52)和12.5%(4/32),25.0%(8/32)、75.0%(24/32);广泛和部分SFRP2的甲基化率在大肠癌患者粪便的检出率均明显高于健康体检者(P<0.05);SFRP2基因甲基化与大肠癌患者性别、肿瘤分期、浸润程度无显著关联。结论SFRP2基因甲基化是大肠癌进展过程中的早期事件,粪便SFRP2基因甲基化有望成为早期无创诊断大肠癌的新途径。
《人体损伤程度鉴定标准》理解与适用-腹部损伤

腹部居于胸与盆腔之间,上界为剑突和两侧肋弓下缘,下界为耻骨联合上缘和两侧髂嵴的连线,是躯干的重要组成部分。临床上常用两条水平线(两侧肋弓最低点的连线和两侧髂前上棘的连线)与两条垂直线(经左、右腹股沟中点)将腹部分为九个区,即上方的腹上区和左、右季肋区,中部的脐区和左、右腰区,下方的腹下区和左、右腹股沟区。腹部由腹壁、腹腔及腹腔内容物组成。腹腔内包含丰富的内脏器官和血管,外力作用引起器官、血管损伤的机会较大,后果较严重。相对于1990年与1996年先后发布实施的《人体重伤鉴定标准》、《人体轻伤鉴定标准(试行)》、《人体轻微伤的鉴定》(以下统一简称“旧标准”),2014年1月1日起施行的《人体损伤程度鉴定标准》(以下简称“新标准”)对于腹部损伤的条款规定发生了微妙的变化。本文将就新标准中涉及腹部损伤条款的理解和适用以及鉴定要点进行探讨。
接种风疹疫苗与病毒性脑炎因果关系鉴定1例

本案中张某所患病毒性脑炎并非风疹病毒直接所致。某县卫生防疫站在张某很可能存在发热、淋巴结肿大等病症的情况下,仍对其实施风疹疫苗接种,存在过错;不排除该过错可对张某的原发性疾病(病毒性脑炎)产生一定程度的不利影响,故认为,接种风疹疫苗与张某病毒性脑炎之间可以存在一定的因果关系。
牙周炎患者的正畸治疗

牙周治疗的首要目的是恢复和保持牙周支持组织的健康和完整性。牙周炎时牙周支持组织遭到破坏,导致牙齿易受各种力量的影响而发生病理性移位,出现倾斜、扭转、间隙增宽、扇形移位和伸长等,引起继发性咬合创伤,加剧牙周支持组织的丧失。要解决这些问题,需要在完成牙周基础治疗、牙周炎症得到良好控制的前提下,通过正畸及修复治疗排齐错位的牙齿,建立良好的咬合关系,恢复牙齿之间的咬合平衡,促进牙周组织的康复。对于伴有牙排列不齐或继发咬合创伤的中重度牙周炎患者,正畸辅助治疗是达到牙周治疗目标—-建立牙周健康状态下能行使良好功能的牙列的重要手段,但正畸治疗必须在牙周炎症得到控制或牙周炎处于静止期时进行。
碘海醇测定肾小球滤过率的研究进展

肾脏在维持机体代谢平衡、细胞内外环境稳定中起十分重要的作用,包括代谢物的排泄、水电解质平衡的维持、血压及钙磷代谢的调控等,因此正确评估肾功能极其重要。GFR是评估肾功能的重要指标之一,然而GFR无法直接测得,只能通过测定内源性或是外源性标记物的滤过率间接获得。碘海醇是一种非离子性水溶性造影剂,几乎不与血浆蛋白结合,在体内完全由肾脏排泄,可以自由经肾小球滤过,不被肾小管吸收与分泌,是良好的外源性标记物。碘海醇用于临床测定GFR精确度高,其血浆清除率是测定GFR新的金标准,且其测定操作方便,价格较同位素低,无污染,故碘海醇测定GFR法(iGFR)是一个值得在我国推广应用的肾功能评估方法之一。
高迁移率族蛋白1激活核转录因子信号通路促进宫颈癌间质细胞转变的机制

宫颈浸润性鳞状细胞癌(SCC)从宫颈上皮内瘤样病变(CIN)的发生到发展经过一个漫长的周期。因此,SCC的早期诊断、早期治疗成为人们关注的焦点。上皮细胞向间质细胞的转变(EMT)与上皮细胞来源的恶性肿瘤的发生和发展有着密切的关系。多个步骤共同发挥作用完成了 EMT的过程,引起上皮细胞向间充质细胞的转变,细胞的极性和移动性都有相应的改变。EMT的过程中,一个重要性的标志为E-钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)表达降低。高迁移率族蛋白1(HMGBl)与多种肿瘤的侵袭和转移相关。HMGB1可激活丝裂源活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)、核转录因子(NF-κB)等途径,这些信号传导通路已被证明与EMT发生相关。推测HMGB1通过NF-κB通路促进宫颈癌发生EMT,推动“CIN-宫颈癌”这一进程发展,最终导致浸润性宫颈癌。
小剂量生长激素治疗改善成人生长激素缺乏症及成人肥胖人群胰岛素敏感性的可能

生长激素(GH)具有抗胰岛素(Ins)的作用,而其作用于肝脏产生的胰岛素样生长因子-1 (IGF-1)却具有胰岛素样的性能。临床上,GH缺乏的成人和GH过度分泌所致的肢端肥大症患者都有胰岛素抵抗倾向,说明GH对Ins作用的影响非常复杂。过高或过低的GH水平导致胰岛素抵抗可能存在不同机制。随着近年来重组人生长激素(rhGH)在成人生长激素缺乏症(AGHD)患者的广泛应用,其在改善患者身体组分、骨密度、心血管危险因子等的同时,对胰岛素敏感性的影响也日益得到重视。有研究表明小剂量GH治疗可改善AGHD患者的胰岛素抵抗。本文将就rhGH治疗与胰岛素敏感性的关系做相关综述。
游离桡动脉掌浅支皮瓣修复手指软组织缺损

手外伤所致的手指软组织缺损往往需要皮瓣移植修复,近年来随着显微外科技术的发展,手指软组织缺损的修复方法越来越多,效果不一。手指软组织缺损的修复对皮瓣的厚薄、质地要求较高,2011年9月至2013年9月我们应用游离桡动脉掌浅支皮瓣修复手指软组织缺损19例,术后效果意。
游离第1跖背动脉穿支皮瓣修复手部软组织缺损

手外伤后常合并软组织缺损,肌腱、骨外露,需通过皮瓣移植修复创面,如腹部带蒂、局部带蒂岛状皮瓣,游离皮瓣。我科自2008年9月至2013年8月应用游离第1跖背动脉穿支皮瓣修复手部软组织缺损,取得良好效果。
加压克氏针阻挡技术治疗指深屈肌腱撕脱骨折

1997年日本学者Ishiguro等报告克氏针阻挡技术以来,这一技术一直用于治疗末节指骨基底背侧撕脱骨折,并且日后得到了很多改进,治疗效果不断改善。基于加压固定的理念,受克氏针阻挡技术的启发,我们设计了加压克氏针阻挡技术用于末节指骨基底背侧撕脱骨折的治疗。2010年至2013年,我们又将改进的这一技术应用于治疗指深屈肌腱撕脱骨折,使远指间关节获得了解剖复位和满意的无痛活动范围。
带外踝前静脉网足背静脉弓逆行移植修复掌浅弓缺损

手掌部严重的碾压或压砸等高能量损伤,常导致手部掌浅、深弓以及指掌侧总动脉完全断裂并缺损,临床处理十分困难,处理不出往往造成手术失败甚至截指。2007年5月至2012年3月,我们设计应用带外踝前静脉网足背静脉弓逆行移植修复掌浅弓缺损5例,术后疗效满意。
Effect of microstructure on the low temperature toughness of high strength pipeline steels

Microstructure observations and drop-weight tear test were performed to study the microstructures and mechanical properties of two kinds of industrial X70 and two kinds of industrial X80 grade pipeline steels. The effective grain size and the fraction of high angle grain boundaries in the pipeline steels were investigated by electron backscatter diffraction analysis. It is found that the low temperature toughness of the pipeline steels depends not only on the effective grain size, but also on other microstructural factors such as martensite-austenite (MA) constituents and precipitates. The morphology and size of MA constituents significantly affect the mechanical properties of the pipeline steels. Nubby MA constituents with large size have significant negative effects on the toughness, while smaller granular MA constituents have less harmful effects. Similarly, larger Ti-rich nitrides with sharp corners have a strongly negative effect on the toughness, while fine, spherical Nb-rich carbides have a less deleterious effect. The low temperature toughness of the steels is independent of the fraction of high angle grain boundaries.
Mode error analysis of impedance measurement using twin wires

Both longitudinal and transverse coupling impedance for some critical components need to be measured for accelerator design. The twin wires method is widely used to measure longitudinal and transverse impedance on the bench. A mode error is induced when the twin wires method is used with a two-port network analyzer. Here, the mode error is analyzed theoretically and an example analysis is given. Moreover, the mode error in the measurement is a few percent when a hybrid with no less than 25 dB isolation and a splitter with no less than 20 dB magnitude error are used.
Corrosion behavior of the expandable tubular in formation water

The corrosion behavior of expandable tubular materials was investigated in simulated downhole formation water environments using a series of electrochemical techniques. The corrosion morphologies in the real downhole environment after three months of application were also observed by stereology microscopy and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The results show that, compared with the unexpanded sample, the area of ferrite increases dramatically after a 7.09% expansion. The expanded material shows a higher corrosion current in the polarization curve and a lower corrosion resistance in the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) plot at every studied temperature. The determined critical pitting temperatures(CPT) before and after expansion are 87.5°C and 79.2°C, respectively. SEM observations demonstrate stress corrosion cracks, and CO_2 corrosion and H_2S corrosion also occur in the downhole environment. Due to additional defects generated during the plastic deformation, the corrosion performance of the expanded tubing deteriorates.
Point spread function modeling and image restoration for cone-beam CT

X-ray cone-beam computed tomography (CT) has such notable features as high efficiency and precision, and is widely used in the fields of medical imaging and industrial non-destructive testing, but the inherent imaging degradation reduces the quality of CT images. Aimed at the problems of projection image degradation and restoration in cone-beam CT, a point spread function (PSF) modeling method is proposed first. The general PSF model of cone-beam CT is established, and based on it, the PSF under arbitrary scanning conditions can be calculated directly for projection image restoration without the additional measurement, which greatly improved the application convenience of cone-beam CT. Secondly, a projection image restoration algorithm based on pre-filtering and pre-segmentation is proposed, which can make the edge contours in projection images and slice images clearer after restoration, and control the noise in the equivalent level to the original images. Finally, the experiments verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Manufacturing process and microstructure of copper-coated aluminum wires

Copper-coated aluminum wires exhibit good electrical conductivity, high thermal conductivity, low contact resistance of copper and low density, and provide economic advantages over aluminum. However, there are some problems in the manufacturing processes of hot-dip copper-coated aluminum wires, such as the difficulties in controlling coating process. In this work, the hot-dip copper-coating method of aluminum wires was investigated for producing copper-coated aluminum wire composites. The interface microstructure between the aluminum wire and the copper coating layer was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry(EDS). Five different fluxing agents were tested. Experimental results show that appropriate conditions for the hot-dip process are determined as the liquid copper temperature of 1085°C and the treatment time less than 1 s. A success in hot-dip copper-coated aluminum wires is achieved by hot-dipping a low-melting-point metal into a high-melting-point metal liquid, which is significant for the further development and application of copper-coated aluminum wire composites.
Effect of Planting Condition and Time on Survival Rate and Growth of Phragmites australis

The field trial was established to investigate the effects of planting condition (soil water content, soil buried depth, rhizome length) and time on the survival rate and growth of Phragmites australis rhizomes. The results indicated that survival rate and growth of Phragmites australis were affected by soil water content and rhizome length significantly, but not by soil buried depth. The survival rate of Phragmites australis in moist condition was higher than those in natural and flooding conditions. Rhizomes length did not affect survival rate, height and shoot number, but influenced biomass and buds number, which were higher with 15 cm length than those with 30 cm length. Based on the suitable soil water content (moisture) and rhizome length (15 cm), the survival rate of Phragmites australis was the highest when they were planted in May (91%) comparing to June and July. The number of shoots and buds were the highest in June, which had more suitable temperature and light for Phragmites australis to grow. Therefore, the optimizing transplanting condition of Phragmites australis was that rhizomes of 15 cm with some buds were planted in May with moisture (soil water content).
胫骨近端关节内骨折SchatzkerlV、V、VI型急诊手术治疗的临床评价

胫骨近端关节内骨折,是膝关节遭受内/外翻暴力撞击,或坠落造成的垂直暴力等所致。常因累及关节面而影响膝关节的力线、稳定性及活动度。胫骨平台为松质骨且骨折多为粉碎性,尤其对于老年患者患有骨质疏松者,无论以何种方法治疗,都难以绝对恢复软骨面的平滑,再加上软骨的再生能力极低,远期常致骨性关节炎改变。最佳治疗时机一直是争论焦点,至今仍无定论,特别是针对SchatzkerIV、V、VI型骨折有关的专题报道较为罕见。本文采取急诊切开复位内固定手术,并取得满意效果。
心房颤动导管消融术后抗凝治疗研究进展

心房颤动住院患者的脑卒中发生率达24. 8%,其中超过80岁的老年患者脑卒中发生率高达32. 86%。随着心房颤动(房颤)导管消融术的临床推广,接受这种治疗的患者也越来越多。房颤消融术后的抗凝治疗有重要的实践意义。
电针治疗阿尔茨海默病的神经生物学研究进展

阿尔茨海默病(AD)病因尚不清楚。目前对AD的药物研究大多数处于临床实验研究阶段,而且长期服用西药类的药物毒副作用较大。近年来电针对于AD防治方面的疗效已得到肯定,治疗AD的机制研究也不断取得新进展。本文就近5年来的研究进展作一综述。
糖尿病足患者糖化血红蛋白和脑钠肽、尿微量白蛋白的关系

目的分析糖尿病足(DF)患者糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)在不同的控制状态下,脑钠肽(BNP)、尿微量白蛋白(MAU)的变化。方法随机选取DF男性患者92例(Wagner分级≥2级),以HBAlc不同值为切点,分为A 、B两组,A组>切点值,B组≤切点值,统计分析两组中BNP、MAU 的变化。结果当HbAlc的切点值为7% 、8% 、9%、10%、11%时,A、B两组比较,患者年龄、Wagner分级、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、BNP均无统计学差异(P>0. 05),而两组中MAU在HbAlc切点值为8%、9% 、10%时有统计学差异(P<0. 05),在MAU在HBAlc切点值为7% 、11%时无统计学差异(P>0. 05) 。结论HbAlc控制在8% ~10%时有肾脏保护作用,HBAlc控制在≤7%或>11%时均有肾脏损害倾向。
Characteristics and Driving Forces of Spatial Expansion of Oasis Cities and Towns in Hexi Corridor, Gansu Province, China

This paper presents an integrated study of urban spatial expansion in the Hexi Corridor, Gansu Province, China based on TM, ETM remote sensing data in 1987, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2006 and 2011. The study explores the characteristics of urban spatial expansion and dynamic mechanism by using expansion speed index, expansion intensity index, compact index, fractal dimension, and extended flexibility index. We built the index system of influencing factors of urban spatial expansion by using the grey incidence model. The results showed that urban spatial expansion rate in the Hexi Corridor has been on the upward trend since 1987. Expansion intensity showed an obvious upward trend, however, the upward trend varied in different urban areas. In addition, the urban structure was loose relatively, but the urban compactness was more obvious. The urban spatial form tended to be simple, and the urban land use tended to become more intensive. Urban spatial expansion experienced several stages: padding internally, external expansion and padding internally. The main driving factors of urban spatial expansion are not the urban water resources and the oasis scale, but one or several factors such as economy, traffic, population, resource and national policy.
Pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality patterns in China,2011

Objective: The National Central Cancer Registry (NCCR) collected population-based cancer registration data in 2011 from all cancer registries in China. The incidence and mortality rates for pancreatic cancer were compiled and pancreatic cancer incident new cases and deaths were estimated. Methods: A total of 234 cancer registries submitted cancer data to NCCR. Data from 177 cancer registries were qualified and compiled for cancer statistics in 2011. Pancreatic cancer cases were extracted and analyzed from the national database. The pooled data were stratified by area (urban/rural), gender and age group (0, 1-4, 5-9,10-14...85+). Pancreatic cancer incident cases and deaths were estimated using age-specific rates and national population in 2010. The national census in 2000 and Segi's population were used for age-standardized rates. Results: All 177 cancer registries (77 in urban and 100 in rural areas) covered 175,310,169 populations (98,341,507 in urban and 76,968,662 in rural areas). The morphology verified pancreatic cancer cases (MV%) accounting for 40.52% and 4.33% of pancreatic cancer incident cases were identified through death certifications only (DCO%) with mortality to incidence ratio (M/I) of 0.91. The estimated number of newly diagnosed pancreatic cancer cases and deaths were 80,344 and 72,723 in 2011,respectively. The crude incidence rate was 5.96/100,000 (males 6.57/100,000,females 5.32/100,000). The age-standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population (ASIRC) and by world standard population (ASIRW) were 4.27/100,000 and 4.23/100,000 respectively, ranking 10~(th) among all cancers. Pancreatic cancer incidence rate and ASIRC were 7.03/100,000 and 4.94/100,000 in urban areas whereas they were 4.84/100,000 and 3.56/100,000 in rural areas. The incidence rate of pancreatic cancer of 33 cancer registries increased from 3.24/100,000 in 2003 to 3.59/100,000 in 2011 with an annual percentage change (APC) of 1.44. The pancreatic cancer mortality rate was 5.40/100,000 (males 5.88/100,000, females 4.89/100,000),ranking 6~(th) among all cancers. The age-standardized mortality rates by Chinese standard population (ASMRC) and by world standard population (ASMRW) were 3.81/100 000 and 3.79/100 000. The pancreatic cancer mortality and ASMRC were 6.47/100,000 and 4.48/100,000 in urban areas, and 4.27/100,000 and 3.08/100,000 in rural areas, respectively. The mortality rates of pancreatic cancer showed an approximately 1.14-fold increase, from 2.85/100,000 in 2003 to 3.26/100,000 in 2011,with an APC of 1.68. Conclusions: The burden of pancreatic cancer is increasing in China. Identification of high-risk population and adequate treatment and prevention are important.
Foxp3~+ Treg诱导免疫耐受与器官移植

调节性T细胞(regulatory T cell, Treg)是指具有免疫调节功能的T细胞。自然发育的CD4~+CD25~+ Treg, 特异的表达叉头状家族转录因子Foxp3, 也称Foxp3~+ Treg, 在维持免疫耐受和免疫稳态方面发挥重要的功能。根据来源可将Foxp3~+ Treg分为天然Treg(natural Treg, nTreg)和可诱导Treg(induced Treg, iTreg)。本综述总结了Foxp3~+ Treg及效应性T细胞的发育及其调控机制相关的信号通路, 探讨了Foxp3~+ Treg诱导免疫耐受的作用机制。一些免疫抑制剂如雷帕霉素(rapamy-cin, RAPA)和最近应用的芬戈莫德(fingolimod, FTY720)等在器官移植后可用来诱导免疫耐受, 研究发现这些药物不仅对效应性T细胞的分化、发育有抑制作用, 同时对Foxp3~+ Treg的发育也有重要的影响。
Nine-month Angiographic and Two-year Clinical Follow-up of Novel Biodegradable-polymer Arsenic Trioxide-eluting Stent Versus Durable-polymer Sirolimus-eluting Stent For Coronary Artery Disease

Background: Despite great reduction of in-stent restenosis, first-generation drug-eluting stents (DESs) have increased the risk of late stent thrombosis due to delayed endothelialization. Arsenic trioxide, a natural substance that could inhibit cell proliferation and induce cell apoptosis, seems to be a promising surrogate of sirolimus to improve DES performance. This randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a novel arsenic trioxide-eluting stent (AES), compared with traditional sirolimus-eluting stent (SES). Methods: Patients with symptoms of angina pectoris were enrolled and randomized to AES or SES group. The primary endpoint was target vessel failure (TVF), and the second endpoint includes rates of all-cause death, cardiac death or myocardial infarction, target lesion revascularization (TLR) by telephone visit and late luminal loss (LLL) at 9-month by angiographic follow-up. Results: From July 2007 to 2009, 212 patients were enrolled and randomized 1:1 to receive either AES or SES. At 2 years of follow-up, TVF rate was similar between AES and SES group (6.67% vs. 5.83%, P = 0.980). Frequency of all-cause death was significantly lower in AES group (0 vs. 4.85%, P = 0.028). There was no significant difference between AES and SES in frequency of TLR and in-stent restenosis, but greater in-stent LLL was observed for AES group (0.29 ± 0.52 mm vs. 0.10 ± 0.25 mm, P= 0.008). Conclusions: After 2 years of follow-up, AES demonstrated comparable efficacy and safety to SES for the treatment of de novo coronary artery lesions.
Microwave Type U and RS Bursts in the X2.2 Solar Flare on 15 February 2011

Two groups of microwave type U and Reverse-Slope (RS) bursts after the Soft X-Ray (SXR) maximum were observed with the 2.6~3.8 GHz spectrometer of Chinese Solar Broadband Radio Spectrometers (SBRS/Huairou) on 15 February 2011, when an X2.2 solar flare occurred in the Active Region (AR) NOAA11158. A Shear-driven Quadrupolar Reconnection (SQR) model was utilized to analyze these bursts and the two loops involved were found to be basically in the same spatial scale and have a height difference of about 1300 km. These bursts were interpreted to be a result of a new reconnection process between the two similar-scaled loops.