mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
睡眠呼吸疾病无创正压通气临床应用专家共识(草案)

睡眠呼吸疾病(sleep related breathing,SRB)是一组睡眠中呼吸异常的疾病,伴或不伴清醒期呼吸功能异常。包括不同病因所致的睡眠呼吸暂停、睡眠低通气和睡眠低氧性疾病等。睡眠呼吸疾病是睡眠疾病中仅次于失眠的第二大类疾病。其患病率高,合并症多发,对健康危害严重,近年来已引起临床医学界的极大关注。包括持续气道正压通气(continuous positive airway pressure,CPAP)在内的无创正压通气(noninvasive positive pressure ventilation, NPPV)治疗可有效改善多种睡眠呼吸疾病的临床症状和生活质量,减少心脑血管和代谢相关等并发症的发生与发展。近20年来,随着NPPV临床适应证不断拓宽,治疗有效性和舒适度不断提高,接受治疗人群的迅速扩大,NPPV已经成为睡眠呼吸疾病首选和最主要的治疗手段。目前我国睡眠呼吸疾病的无创通气治疗还处于无章可循和随意性较强的欠规范状态,严重影响患者的治疗和无创通气领域的健康发展。为此,中华医学会呼吸病学分会睡眠呼吸障碍学组在参考国内外现有指南和临床研究结果基础上,结合国内临床实践和研究结果拟定本共识,意在指导国内NPPV在睡眠呼吸疾病治疗中的规范化应用及管理,期望能成为指导我国睡眠呼吸疾病无创通气规范应用的临床依据。
Variable and Robust East Asian Monsoon Rainfall Response to El Nino over the Past 60 Years (1957–2016)

Severe flooding occurred in southern and northern China during the summer of 2016 when the 2015 super El Nino decayed to a normal condition. However, the mean precipitation during summer (June–July-August) 2016 does not show significant anomalies, suggesting that—over East Asia (EA)—seasonal mean anomalies have limited value in representing hydrological hazards. Scrutinizing season-evolving precipitation anomalies associated with 16 El Nino episodes during 1957– 2016 reveals that, over EA, the spatiotemporal patterns among the four categories of El Nino events are quite variable, due to a large range of variability in the intensity and evolution of El Nino events and remarkable subseasonal migration of the rainfall anomalies. The only robust seasonal signal is the dry anomalies over central North China during the El Nino developing summer. Distinguishing strong and weak El Nino impacts is important. Only strong El Nino events can persistently enhance EA subtropical frontal precipitation from the peak season of El Nino to the ensuing summer, by stimulating intense interaction between the anomalous western Pacific anticyclone (WPAC) and underlying dipolar sea surface temperature anomalies in the Indo-Pacific warm pool, thereby maintaining the WPAC and leading to a prolonged El Nino impact on EA. A weak El Nino may also enhance the post-El Nino summer rainfall over EA, but through a di erent physical process: the WPAC re-emerges as a forced response to the rapid cooling in the eastern Pacific. The results suggest that the skillful prediction of rainfall over continental EA requires the accurate prediction of not only the strength and evolution of El Nino, but also the subseasonal migration of EA rainfall anomalies.
Evolving Perspectives on Abrupt Seasonal Changes of the General Circulation

Professor Duzheng YE (Tu-cheng YEH) was decades ahead of his time in proposing a model experiment to investigate whether abrupt seasonal changes of the general circulation can arise through circulation feedbacks alone, unrelated to underlying inhomogeneities at the lower boundary. Here, we introduce Professor YEH's ideas during the 1950s and 1960s on the general circulation and summarize the results and suggestions of Yeh et al. (1959) on abrupt seasonal changes. We then review recent advances in understanding abrupt seasonal changes arising from model experiments like those proposed by Yeh et al. (1959). The model experiments show that circulation feedbacks can indeed give rise to abrupt seasonal transitions. In these transitions, large-scale eddies that originate in midlatitudes and interact with the zonal mean flow and meridional overturning circulations in the tropics play central roles.
Layer-element analysis of multilayered saturated soils subject to axisymmetric vertical time-harmonic excitation

The analytical layer-elements for a single poroelastic soil layer and the underlying half-space are established using an algebraic manipulation and Hankel transform. According to the boundary conditions and adjacent continuity conditions of general stresses and displacements, a global matrix equation in the transform domain for multi-layered saturated soil media is assembled and solved. Solutions in the frequency domain can be further obtained with an inverse Hankel transform. Numerical examples are used to examine accuracy of the present method and demonstrate effects of soil parameters and load conditions on dynamic responses of the multilayered poroelastic saturated soils.
脉络膜结核瘤一例

本例患者全身抗结核的同时予以链霉素眼周给药,该治疗方案在中国鲜有文献报道,因局部给药能有效提高局部组织药物的浓度并减轻其全身不良反应,本研究尝试给予链霉素注射液眼周注射,疗效较明显,但其疗效是否优于单纯全身给药,尚有待进一步积累病例进行观察。目前,随着全世界结核发病率的回升,眼部结核的发病率也相应升高。因此,眼科医师遇到眼底肿物时应考虑到脉络膜结核瘤的可能。
2015年青海省4个县的大骨节病流行病学调查

青海省是我国大骨节病重病区省份之一。除已判定的贵德县、班玛县、兴海县和同德县等4个病区外,大骨节病在青海省其他各地均未开展过调查工作。为全面掌握大骨节病病区分布范围和防止大骨节病流行,2015年对海西州的乌兰、都兰2个县和海北州的海晏、门源2个县进行大骨节病病情调查,现报告如下。
Exiting Already? Molecular Control of Cell-Proliferation Arrest in Leaves: Cutting Edge

The species-specific sizes of plant lateral organs, such as leaves and petals, and those of seeds are tightly controlled by genetic networks and can only be modified within certain limits by environmental influences (Czesnick and Lenhard, 2015). After their initiation at the shoot apical meristem, leaves undergo two main phases of growth. Initially, leaf primordia grow almost exclusively by cell proliferation, reflecting a broadly active leaf meristem (Alvarez et al.,2016). This meristematic activity is then suppressed in certain regions of the primordium, and cells begin to expand post-mitotically, while cells in other regions continue dividing. In leaves of many species, including Arabidopsis thaliana, proliferation stops first at the leaf tips, while cells continue dividing in a basal region. This basal proliferation region remains relatively constant for several days, before proliferation of mesophyll and epidermal pavement cells arrests throughout the primordium (Czesnick and Lenhard, 2015). Of note, however, this basipetal pattern of proliferation arrest is by no means universal, and several other patterns have been described (Das Gupta and Nath, 2015). While factors that limit cell proliferation in leaves and thus ultimately leaf size have been known for some time, we are only recently beginning to understand in more detail how these factors act, as highlighted by two recent studies.
An Iterative Detection/Decoding Algorithm of Correlated Sources for the LDPC-Based Relay Systems

An iterative detection/decoding algorithm of correlated sources for the LDPC-based relay systems is presented. The signal from the source-destination (S-D) link is formulated as a highly correlated counterpart from the relay-destination (R-D) link. A special XOR vector is defined using the correlated hard decision information blocks from two decoders and the extrinsic information exchanged between the two decoders is derived by the log-likelihood ratio (LLR) associated with the XOR vector. Such the decoding scheme is different from the traditional turbo-like detection/decoding algorithm, where the extrinsic information is computed by the side information and the soft decoder outputs. Simulations show that the presented algorithm has a slightly better performance than the traditional turbo-like algorithm (Taking the (255,175) EG-LDPC code as an example, it achieves about 0.1 dB performance gains around BLER=10~(-4)). Furthermore, the presented algorithm requires fewer computing operations per iteration and has faster convergence rate. For example, the average iteration of the presented algorithm is 33 at SNR=1.8dB, which is about twice faster than that of the turbo-like algorithm, when decoding the (961,721) QC-LDPC code. Therefore, the presented decoding algorithm of correlated sources provides an alternative decoding solution for the LDPC-based relay systems.
重症患者急性肾损伤的早期诊断与风险预测

急性肾损伤(acute kidney injury,AKI)是一种涉及多学科的临床常见危重症,以多种病因造成肾功能短期内急性减退为特征。笔者参与的多中心流行病学调查发现,我国重症监护病房患者AKI的发生率为30.3%。尽管AKI的防治已取得较大进展,但仍存在明显不足,其诊治甚至是滞后且被动的,合并AKI的重症患者病死率仍然居高不下。本文结合笔者所在团队的研究成果,重点介绍AKI早期诊断与风险预测方面相关进展,供同行参考。
双层校验的智能表事件采集判别方法及应用

智能电能表失压、失流、断相、开表盖等多种事件的计量在线监测是智能电网一个重要特征,加强对这些监测数据的应用不仅能提升计量资产精益化管理水平,更能对一些疑似窃电现象提前发现排查,然而这就要求这些事件的数据具有较高的准确性,不能误判误报也不能漏判漏报。结合现在用电信息采集系统建设应用和前期某地区智能表事件误判误报情况,提出了一种智能表事件判别的双层校验结构及方法,并根据此方法对采集设备进行升级,搭建实验平台对升级后的设备进行误报、漏报验证,实验结果验证了方法的可行性。
开创复合生态系统生态学,奠基生态文明建设——纪念著名生态学家王如松院士诞辰七十周年

王如松先生毕生致力于复合生态系统理论与可持续发展研究,为生态学发展和我国生态文明建设做出了杰出的贡献。他与导师马世骏先生共同创建了社会-经济-自然复合生态系统理论,开创了复合生态系统生态学新领域,为可持续发展与生态文明建设奠定了理论基础。他率先开展城市生态学与产业生态学研究,为生态学成为指导我国经济社会发展的科学基础发挥了引领作用。他提出了我国生态文明的内涵与建设途径,探索了我国生态县、生态市、生态省的可持续发展模式。王如松先生学术思想充满深邃的生态智慧、深厚的文化修养、富于科学远见的学术创新,所洋溢的爱国、爱民、爱科学的情怀,为后辈生态学工作者的楷模。
回肠悬吊预防直肠癌盆腔联合脏器切除术后近期并发症的疗效

直肠癌全系膜切除手术已成为标准术式,而对于局部进展期直肠癌,联合周围脏器切除是重要的手术方式之一,包括全盆腔脏器切除和后盆腔脏器切除均是可切除性T4b期直肠癌的重要手术方式。但术后盆腔空虚回肠下移坠入盆底,容易发生粘连性肠梗阻甚至出现穿孔等并发症。本研究回顾性分析92例因局部进展期直肠癌行盆腔联合脏器切除患者的临床病理资料,探讨使用回肠悬吊技术预防术后并发症的疗效。
Hydrogen Storage on Li Coated BC_3 Honeycomb Sheet

Using density functional theory, we investigated the hydrogen storage capacity of Li coated BC_3 honeycomb sheet. Our result indicates 18 H_2 molecules can be adsorbed on BC_3Li_6 complex with a storage gravimetric density of 9.68 wt% and the average adsorption energy reaches 0.206 eV/H_2. This is desirable for absorbing and desorbing H_2 molecules at near ambient conditions.
A Novel Sarsolenane Diterpene as a PTP1B Inhibitor from Hainan Soft Coral Sarcophyton trocheliophorum Marenzeller

A novel sarsolenane diterpene, named secodihydrosarsolenone (1), as a minor component was obtained from the South China Sea soft coral Sarcophyton trocheliophorum Marenzeller. Its structure was elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analysis. Compound 1 exhibited moderate inhibitory activity (IC_(50)=13.7 μmol·L~(-1)) against protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B),a key target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, representing the first report of PTP1B inhibitory activity for sarsolenane diterpenes. This discovery promotes computational prediction of binding mode between the enzyme and the metabolite, suggesting a crucial role of the residues Tyr46, Ser216 and Arg221 in the binding action.
An improved particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) technique to evaluate the velocity field of saltating particles

Velocity is a key parameter characterizing the movement of saltating particles. High-speed photography is an efficient method to record the velocity. But, manually determining the relevant information from these photographs is quite laborious. However, particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) can be used to measure the instantaneous velocity in fluids using tracer particles. The tracer particles have three basic features in fluids: similar movement patterns within a small region, a uniform particle distribution, and high particle density. Unfortunately, the saltation of sand particles in air is a stochastic process, and PTV has not yet been able to accurately determine the velocity field in a cloud of blowing sand. The aim of the present study was to develop an improved PTV technique to measure the downwind (horizontal) and vertical velocities of saltating sand. To demonstrate the feasibility of this new technique, we used it to investigate two-dimensional saltation of particles above a loose sand surface in a wind tunnel. We analyzed the properties of the saltating particles, including the probability distribution of particle velocity, variations in the mean velocity as a function of height, and particle turbulence. By automating much of the analysis, the improved PTV method can satisfy the requirement for a large sample size and can measure the velocity field of blowing sand more accurately than previously-used techniques. The results shed new light on the complicated mechanisms involved in sand saltation.
Utilizing natural cryogenic resources to improve the stability of natural-technical systems in the permafrost zone

Siberia and the Russian Far East contain about 75% of the country's hydrocarbon and mineral resources. These regions pose many engineering and environmental problems for economic development due to the cold climate and difficult geologic conditions, including the occurrence of permafrost. One of the major challenges in permafrost areas is to maintain the stability of both individual structures and large-scale engineering projects. The use of natural cryogenic resources of the Earth is proposed here as one possible solution.
A progressive compression model of thoracic spinal cord injury in mice: function assessment and pathological changes in spinal cord

Non-traumatic injury accounts for approximately half of clinical spinal cord injury, including chronic spinal cord compression. However, previous rodent spinal cord compression models are mainly designed for rats, few are available for mice. Our aim is to develop a thoracic progressive compression mice model of spinal cord injury. In this study, adult wild-type C57BL/6 mice were divided into two groups: in the surgery group, a screw was inserted at T_9 lamina to compress the spinal cord, and the compression was increased by turning it further into the canal (0.2 mm) post-surgery every 2 weeks up to 8 weeks. In the control group, a hole was drilled into the lamina without inserting a screw. The results showed that Basso Mouse Scale scores were lower and gait worsened. In addition, the degree of hindlimb dysfunction in mice was consistent with the degree of spinal cord compression. The number of motor neurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord was reduced in all groups of mice, whereas astrocytes and microglia were gradually activated and proliferated. In conclusion, this progressive compression of thoracic spinal cord injury in mice is a preferable model for chronic progressive spinal cord compression injury.
Dexmedetomidine mitigates isoflurane-induced neurodegeneration in fetal rats during the second trimester of pregnancy

Dexmedetomidine has significant neuroprotective effects. However, whether its protective effects can reduce neurotoxicity caused by isoflurane in fetal brain during the second trimester of pregnancy remains unclear. In this study, timed-pregnancy rats at gestational day 14 spontaneously inhaled 1.5% isoflurane for 4 hours, and were intraperitoneally injected with dexmedetomidine at dosages of 5, 10, 20, and 20 μg/kg 15 minutes before inhalation and after inhalation for 2 hours. Our results demonstrate that 4 hours after inhaling isoflurane, 20 μg/kg dexmedetomidine visibly mitigated isoflurane-induced neuronal apoptosis, reversed downregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression, and lessened decreased spatial learning and memory ability in adulthood in the fetal rats. Altogether, these findings indicate that dexmedetomidine can reduce neurodegeneration induced by isoflurane in fetal rats during the second trimester of pregnancy. Further, brain-derived neurotrophic factor participates in this process.
Land cover change in different altitudes of Guizhou-Guangxi karst mountain area, China: patterns and drivers

Topography, especially altitude, will influence the way, process and characteristics of land cover changes in mountainous area, simultaneously, the vertical difference of land cover changes will affect soil quality and regional ecological environment. Therefore, the gradient relationship analysis between land cover changes and altitude is very important for regional sustainability. This study investigated land cover dynamics based on land cover data from a typical mountainous area in the Guizhou-Guangxi karst mountain area, China, in 2000 and 2010, then explored the relationship between altitude and land cover change and analyzed different drivers of land cover change at different altitudes. Our findings are as follows. 1) From 2000 to 2010, the total area of land cover transition was 7167.04 km~2 or 2.8% of the region. The increasing area of build-up land (926.23 km~2) was larger than that of forest (859.38 km~2), suggesting that the urban construction speed was higher than that of reforestation. 2) Intensity of land cover transition in northwestern Guizhou-Guangxi karst mountain area was much larger than that of southeast part and their transition trend was also significantly different, which was consistent with regional population and economy. 3) Human activity was the most dramatic at altitudes between 0–500 m. For 500–1000 m, grassland mainly converted to forest and build-up land. Area of land cover transition was the greatest between 1000–1500 m, while above 1500 m, the transition of grassland was the most obvious. 4) The drivers of land cover change varied. Land cover change was positively correlated with gross domestic product and population density but was inversely related to relief amplitude. There were correlations between land cover change and distance to roads and rivers, and their correlations varied with altitude. By revealing patterns and causes of land cover changes in different altitudes, we hope to understand the vertical dependence of land cover changes, so as to improve land productivity and protect land ecological environment scientifically.
Effects of estrogen receptor modulators on cytoskeletal proteins in the central nervous system

Estrogen receptor modulators are compounds of interest because of their estrogenic agonistic/antagonistic effects and tissue specificity. These compounds have many clinical applications, particularly for breast cancer treatment and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, as well as for the treatment of climacteric symptoms. Similar to estrogens, neuroprotective effects of estrogen receptor modulators have been described in different models. However, the mechanisms of action of these compounds in the central nervous system have not been fully described. We conducted a systematic search to investigate the effects of estrogen receptor modulators in the central nervous system, focusing on the modulation of cytoskeletal proteins. We found that raloxifene, tamoxifen, and tibolone modulate some cytoskeletal proteins such as tau, microtuble-associated protein 1 (MAP1), MAP2, neurofilament 38 (NF38) by different mechanisms of action and at different levels: neuronal microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubule-associated proteins. Finally, we emphasize the importance of the study of these compounds in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases since they present the benefits of estrogens without their side effects.
Case study for investigating groundwater and the future of mountain spring discharges in Southern Italy

Groundwater extraction is used to alleviate drought in many habitats. However, widespread drought decreases spring discharge and there is a need to integrate climate change research into resource management and action. Accurate estimates of groundwater discharge may be valuable in improving decision support systems of hydrogeological resource exploitation. The present study performs a forecast for groundwater discharge in Aquifer?s Cervialto Mountains (southern Italy). A time series starting in 1883 was the basis for longterm predictions. An Ensemble Discharge Prediction (EDisP) was applied, and the progress of the discharge ensemble forecast was inferred with the aid of an Exponential Smoothing (ES) model initialized at different annual times. EDisP-ES hindcast model experiments were tested, and discharge plume-patterns forecast was assessed with horizon placed in the year 2044. A 46-year cycle pattern was identified by comparing simulations and observations, which is essential for the forecasting purpose. ED is P-ES performed an ensemble mean path for the coming decades that indicates a discharge regime within ± 1 standard deviation around the mean value of 4.1 m~3 s~(-1). These fluctuations are comparable with those observed in the period 1961-1980 and further back, with changepoints detectable around the years 2025 and 2035. Temporary drought conditions are expected after the year 2030.
Stress analysis on large-diameter buried gas pipelines under catastrophic landslides

This paper presents a method for analysis of stress and strain of gas pipelines under the effect of horizontal catastrophic landslides. A soil spring model was used to analyze the nonlinear characteristics concerning the mutual effects between the pipeline and the soil. The Ramberg–Osgood model was used to describe the constitutive relations of pipeline materials. This paper also constructed a finite element analysis model using ABAQUS finite element software and studied the distribution of the maximum stress and strain of the pipeline and the axial stress and strain along the pipeline by referencing some typical accident cases. The calculation results indicated that the maximum stress and strain increased gradually with the displacement of landslide. The limit values of pipeline axial stress strain appeared at the junction of the landslide area and non-landslide area. The stress failure criterion was relatively more conservative than the strain failure criterion. The research results of this paper may be used as a technical reference concerning the design and safety management of large-diameter gas pipelines under the effects of catastrophic landslides.
抗苗勒管激素对卵巢过度刺激综合征的预测价值

目的:评价抗苗勒管激素(anti-Mullerian hormone,AMH)对行体外受精(in vitro fertilization,IVF)-胚胎移植(embryo transfer,ET)治疗的患者并发卵巢过度刺激综合征(ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome,OHSS)的预测价值。方法:372例行IVF治疗的患者,60例发生OHSS,选择60例年龄匹配未发生OHSS的患者进行比较,分成OHSS组和非OHSS组。经期第2~4天测定血清促卵泡刺激素(FSH)、促黄体生成素(LH)、雌二醇(E2)和AMH水平,超声测定窦卵泡数(antral follicle counts,AFC)。用受试者工作曲线(ROC曲线)评价各指标对OHSS发生的预测价值。结果:OHSS组血清FSH值较非OHSS组低,AFC较非OHSS组高,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05),体重指数(BMI)在两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),OHSS组血清AMH值与非OHSS组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。ROC曲线结果显示AMH的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.716,cut-off值取3.52 ng/mL时,灵敏度为0.933,特异度为0.533。结论:血清AMH可以用来预测OHSS的发生。
铝暴露对家畜免疫系统的影响

铝(aluminum,Al)是地壳中最常见的第3个最丰富的金属元素之一,随着工业化和一系列环境的污染,Al可通过食物、空气、水甚至药物摄入到机体内,在制造药物和饮水提纯时,Al会被加以利用。 Al和Al~(3+)在环境中的广泛分布,以及人们对铝的广泛使用,使其毒性引起了深刻的思考。大量的动物试验证明,在机体中长期摄入Al可引起慢性中毒,其在肝、脑、肾、甲状旁腺、血液、骨、免疫器官等积累并致病。Al毒性在免疫系统中也引起更多的注意,即使如此,Al在免疫系统中的毒性仍然不是很清楚。有些研究表明Al能减少脾中Fe和 Zn的含量,但是Al对脾中Cu的研究不是很清楚。 Al暴露可抑制ANAE~+细胞水平和IL-2的产量以及巨噬细胞的功能。在体外Al可抑制TNF-α的产生,但是体内的情况并不是很清楚。Al暴露会减少 C3水平,但是在C4的影响不是很清楚。Al暴露对 lgG、lgM和lgA水平的影响也有争议。总的来说,这些研究结果表明,Al对免疫功能有影响。免疫系统对Al暴露很敏感,但是仍存在争议。虽然最近有关于Al暴露时主要微量元素对脾、ANAE~+细胞、细胞因子、补体、免疫球蛋白和巨噬细胞功能相关影响的研究,但是Al免疫毒性的一些原因并没有进行探讨。2011年,世界卫生组织(WHO)强调每周Al允许摄入量(PIWI)为2mg/kg,但是中国疾病预防控制中心的调查研究表明,我国居民平均每天食入量达到34mg,虽然对于成年人来说相对安全,但儿童没法承受这样的剂量,动物食品安全和人类健康受到严重Al污染并亟待解决。
Analysis of single frequency modulation for passive hydrogen maser

Based on the theory of the passive hydrogen maser, along with the technology of frequency modulation and modulation transfer spectroscopy, the theoretical expression of the single frequency modulation for the passive hydrogen maser and the function of the cavity and H line error signals separation are derived, which are basically coincident with the experiment. The absorption and dispersion spectrum curves with different resonance widths show that the cavity and hydrogen transition serve as discriminators, and the two error signals can be separated. Through the calculations of the two error signals in the passive hydrogen maser, it analyzes the traditional method of the two error signals separation, and then describes a new improved method for the passive hydrogen servo loops consisting in the use of a single modulation frequency and frequency discrimination. A null interaction of the two error signals for the new selection of the phase setting is deduced theoretically and validated by the simulation. The preliminary experimental result confirms the feasibility of this new approach, which can reduce the influence from the cavity frequency variety on the crystal oscillator and contribute significantly to the long term performance of the passive hydrogen maser.