mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Shifts in soil bacterial communities induced by the controlled-release fertilizer coatings

Coated controlled-release fertilizers (CRFs) have been widely applied in agriculture due to their increased efficiency. However, the widespread and a lot of coated CRFs application may leave undesired coating residues in the soil due to their slow degradation. Limited information is available on the effects of substantial residual coatings on the soil bacterial community. By adding 0, 5, 10, 20, and 50 times quantities of residual coating from conventional application amount of resin and water-soluble coated CRFs, we studied the responses of soil properties and bacterial community composition to these two residual coatings in black soil. The results showed that the resin and water-soluble coatings did not essentially alter the properties of black soil or cause dramatic changes to bacterial diversity within the test concentration range. The residual resin and water-soluble coatings also did not distinctly alter the relative abundance of the top ten bacteria at phylum level. Heatmap results suggested that the treatments were basically clustered into two groups by concentration rather than types of coating material. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the Simpson’s diversity index of the bacterial community was significantly correlated with microbial biomass carbon (MBC, r=0.394, P<0.05), and the richness index abundance-based coverage estimator (ACE) of the bacterial community was significantly correlated with microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN, r=0.407, P<0.05). Overall, results of this study suggested that substantial residual resin and water-soluble coatings with 0–50 times quantities of residual coating from conventional application amount of coated CRFs did not generate obviously negative impacts on the bacterial community in black soil.
A landmark of Integrative Zoology’s development

In the new century, global change has become one of the biggest challenges that threaten our ecosystem and society. Climate warming is causing range shifts of organisms which bring increased risk of species extinction in the polar regions, in the mountain tops and in fragmented habitats. Globalization is accelerating the transmission of many infectious diseases and facilitating biological invasions, which have caused widespread damage to both ecosystems and human society. Solving these challenges urgently requires the application of integrative zoology.
Traditional taxonomy: Quo vadis?

“Taxonomy is the science of naming, describing and classifying organisms and includes all plants, animals and microorganisms of the world” (Convention on Biological Diversity 2016). It is obvious that progress in biological science is impossible without taxonomic effort. During the last 250 years, taxonomists have named almost two million species of animals, plants and micro-organisms. But recently taxonomy has entered a deep crisis (Agnarson & Kuntner 2007; Walter & Winterton 2007); in particular, this crisis involves the science of traditional taxonomy.
Security Analysis of an Attractive Online Authentication Standard: FIDO UAF Protocol

FIDO (Fast IDentity Online) Alliance proposed a set of standard in 2014 for change the nature of online authentication. By now, it has drawn attention from many companies, including Google, VISA, Intel etc. In this paper, we analyze the FIDO UAF (Universal Authentication Framework) Protocol, one of the two sets of specifications in the standard. We first present protocols’ cryptographic abstractions for the registration and authentication protocols of the FIDO UAF. According to the abstractions, we discuss on selected security goals presented in the standard to study UAF security properties. We also propose three attacks, which the first two are based on an assumption that an attacker can corrupt the software installed on the user device, and the third is based on two users sharing a FIDO roaming authenticator. The results of the attacks are to impersonate the legitimate user to pass the online authentication.
Seismic responses of high concrete face rockfill dams: A case study

Seismic responses of the Zipingpu concrete face rockfill dam were analyzed using the finite element method. The dynamic behavior of rockfill materials was modeled with a viscoelastic model and an empirical permanent strain model. The relevant parameters were obtained either by back analysis using the field observations or by reference to parameters of similar rockfill materials. The acceleration responses of the dam, the distribution of earthquake-induced settlement, and the gap propagation under the concrete slabs caused by the settlement of the dam were analyzed and compared with site investigations or relevant studies. The mechanism of failure of horizontal construction joints was also analyzed based on numerical results and site observations. Numerical results show that the input accelerations were considerably amplified near the top of the dam, and the strong shaking resulted in considerable settlement of the rockfill materials, with a maximum value exceeding 90 cm at the crest. As a result of the settlement of rockfill materials, the third-stage concrete slabs were separated from the cushion layer. The rotation of the cantilever slabs about the contacting regions, under the combined action of gravity and seismic inertial forces, led to the failure of the construction joints and tensile cracks appeared above the construction joints. The effectiveness and limitations of the so-called equivalent linear method are also discussed.
Stability analysis of unsaturated soil slope during rainfall infiltration using coupled liquid-gas-solid three-phase model

Generally, most soil slope failures are induced by rainfall infiltration, a process that involves interactions between the liquid phase, gas phase, and solid skeleton in an unsaturated soil slope. In this study, a loosely coupled liquid-gas-solid three-phase model, linking two numerical codes, TOUGH2/EOS3, which is used for water-air two-phase flow analysis, and FLAC~(3D), which is used for mechanical analysis, was established. The model was validated through a documented water drainage experiment over a sandy column and a comparison of the results with measured data and simulated results from other researchers. The proposed model was used to investigate the features of water-air two-phase flow and stress fields in an unsaturated soil slope during rainfall infiltration. The slope stability analysis was then performed based on the simulated water-air two-phase seepage and stress fields on a given slip surface. The results show that the safety factor for the given slip surface decreases first, then increases, and later decreases until the rainfall stops. Subsequently, a sudden rise occurs. After that, the safety factor decreases continually and reaches its lowest value, and then increases slowly to a steady value. The lowest value does not occur when the rainfall stops, indicating a delayed effect of the safety factor. The variations of the safety factor for the given slip surface are therefore caused by a combination of pore-air pressure, matric suction, normal stress, and net normal stress.
沐浴诱发归因于可逆性脑血管收缩综合征头痛10例临床分析

可逆性脑血管收缩综合征(Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome, RCVS)是一组以剧烈头痛(典型者为雷击样头痛)为特征性临床表现,伴或不伴有局灶性神经功能缺损或癫痫发作的临床综合征,其病理基础是大脑血管的可逆性收缩,多于发病后1~ 3月恢复。沐浴诱发归因于可逆性脑血管收缩综合征的头痛是一组较罕见的临床综合征。迄今台湾、香港和国外共有文献报道约40余例,其发病机制至今尚不明确。沐浴诱发RCVS头痛的特征为患者大多为50~ 60岁的中老年东方妇女,头痛为搏动性和程度剧烈,在1~ 2分钟内头痛即达到高峰,在急性期洗澡能反复诱发头痛。中国大陆鲜有报道,我们将在临床工作中诊治的10例予以报道,我们发现有较多方面与既往报道的有不同,特别是我们仔细观察到了一例患者的一次详细发作过程,应该对进一步了解该类头痛的病理生理机制有所裨益。
A new digital pulse processing method for 2πa and 2πβ emitter measurement

Digital pulse processing has developed rapidly during recent years. Moreover, it has been widely applied in many fields. In this study, we introduce a digital pulse processing method for 2πa and 2πβ emitter measurement. Our digital pulse processing method for 2πa and 2πβ emitter measurement is comprised of a field-programmable gate-array-based acquisition card and a pulse-height analysis routine. We established two channels (one for the α emitter and one for the β emitter) on an acquisition board using an analog-to-digital converter with a 16-bit resolution at a speed of 100 million samples per second. In this study, we used captured and stored data to analyze emission rate counts and spectrums. The method we established takes into account noise cancelation, dead-time correction, background subtraction, and zero-energy extrapolation. We carefully designed control procedures in order to simplify pulse-width fitting and threshold-level setting. We transmitted data and commands through a universal serial bus between the acquisition board and the computer. The results of our tests prove that our method performs well in pulse reconstruction fidelity and amplitude measurement accuracy. Compared with the current standard method for measuring 2πa and 2πβ emission rates, our system demonstrates excellent precision in emission rate counting.
Verification of a fusion neutron diagnostic Bonner sphere spectrometer on measurement of a ~(241)Am–Be neutron source

A Bonner sphere spectrometer (BSS) was developed for neutron diagnostic on HL_2A Tokamak. It contains eight polyethylene spheres embedded with SP9 ~3He proportional counter. Before setting up on the Tokamak experimental hall, a verification experiment was arranged on a ~(241)Am–Be neutron source to test its spectrometry capability. The neutron response functions were calculated by Monte Carlo code Geant4 to simulate the real measurement environments. By least square method, the neutron spectrum was finally unfolded on log domain from 0.1 eV to 11 MeV. It has a remarkable consistency to the ISO 8529-1 standard ~(241)Am–Be neutron spectrum. This shows that the BSS is effective and reliable for neutron spectrum determination.
Evaluation of SIFOM-FVCOM system for high-fidelity simulation of small-scale coastal ocean flows

This paper evaluates the SIFOM-FVCOM system recently developed by the authors to simulate multiphysics coastal ocean flow phenomena, especially those at small scales. First, its formulation for buoyancy is examined with regard to solution accu- racy and computational efficiency. Then, the system is used to track particles in circulations in the Jamaica Bay, demonstrating that large-scale patterns of trajectories of fluid particles are sensitive to small-scales flows from which they are released. Finally, a simulation is presented to illustrate the SIFOM-FVCOM system's capability, which is beyond the reach of other existing models, to directly and simultaneously model large-scale storm surges as well as small-scale flow structures around bridge piers within the Hudson River during the Hurricane Sandy.
焦磷酸盐与血管钙化

血管钙化是指促钙化因子与抑钙化因子失衡导致钙磷在血管壁的异常沉积,与心血管疾病的高发病率与高死亡率密切相关。细胞外焦磷酸盐作为内源性羟磷灰石结晶形成的抑制剂,在血管钙化的发生中发挥重要的作用。近年来的研究发现,焦磷酸盐代谢异常是导致某些家族遗传性疾病及慢性肾病患者发生血管钙化的重要机制。本文着重对焦磷酸盐在体内的代谢、焦磷酸盐及其代谢相关酶在血管钙化发生中的作用进行综述。
多发性硬化症中的表观遗传学调控研究进展

多发性硬化症(multiple sclerosis,MS)是一类自身免疫障碍导致的中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病。抑制免疫异常导致的炎症反应,以及促进髓鞘形成细胞--少突胶质细胞的成熟分化是防治MS的重要治疗策略,这有赖于对相关调控机制的深入了解。近年来的研究发现,个体除受到先天遗传因素影响外,DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰、微小RNA(miRNA)以及染色质重塑等表观遗传学机制很有可能也参与了MS疾病免疫调节,炎症反应以及少突胶质细胞的分化调节。本文就相关研究进展进行综述,以期为MS的病理生理学机制的认识提供一定的参考资料。
基于BGO与SiPM耦合的平板乳腺PET扫描仪研制

设计一种专用于乳腺癌早期检查的高分辨率、高灵敏度、低成本的平板乳腺PET扫描仪。这种PET扫描仪采用带有弧度的平板探测器结构,将BGO(Bi_4Ge_3O_2)晶体与新型光电探测器件硅光电倍增管(SiPM)耦合。 SiPM具有探测效率高、工作电压小等优点。探测器面积为180 mm × 120 mm,平板探测器间距为160 mm;电子学部分采用模块化设计,能够有效地采集到数据。样机实验结果表明,可实现优于3.0 mm的空间分辨率、2.5%的高灵敏度的图像质量;仪器其他各参数的测试实验表明,该仪器的各个指标和性能稳定,安全可靠;动物实验表明,该仪器能较好地实现对肿瘤组织(10mm)血流代谢成像。
伴严重椎管狭窄的软骨发育不全性脊柱侧凸术中神经电生理监测异常一例报告

软骨发育不全(achondroplasia,ACH)又称软骨营养障碍性侏儒、软骨发育不全性侏儒。脊柱畸形是其主要临床表现之一,包括齿突发育不良、枕骨大孔狭窄、椎弓根短小、椎体扁平、椎管狭窄、胸腰段后凸、脊柱侧凸等。其脊柱畸形随生长而进展,保守治疗无效时常需手术治疗。
Lack of evidence for Helicobacter pylori to prevent children growth efficiently

Our study involved the children exposed to C14-urea breath test to determine H. pylori infection after the admission because of dyspeptic complaints. Those with a history of H. pylori infection were excluded, and 243 patients, 131 with H. pylori infection and 112 without H. pylori infection, were determined. Twelve patients in the H. pylori positive group and 18 in the H. pylori negative group were excluded because of the incompliance with the followup or therapy and re-infection. Additionally, 13 patients in the H. pylori negative group were excluded because of H. pylori infection in a later period.
Feasibility and efficacy of gentamicin for treating neonatal sepsis in community-based settings: a systematic review

Background: Neonatal sepsis is a leading cause of neonatal deaths in developing countries. The current recommended in-hospital treatment is parenteral ampicillin (or penicillin) and gentamicin in young infants for 10-14 days; however, very few could access and afford. The current review is to evaluate the feasibility of gentamicin in community based settings. Methods: Both observational and randomized controlled trials were included. Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Central Trial Register of India were searched until September 2013. We assessed the risk of bias by Cochrane Collaboration's "risk of bias" tool. Results: Two observational studies indicated feasibility ensuring coverage of population, decrease in case fatality rate in the group treated by community health workers. In an RCT,no significant difference was observed in the treatment failure rates [odds ratio (OR)=0.88],and the mortality in the first and second week (OR=1.53; OR=2.24) between gentamicin and ceftriaxone groups. Within the gentamicin group, the combination of penicillin and gentamicin showed a lower rate of treatment failure (OR=0.44) and mortality at second week of life (OR=0.17) as compared to the combination of gentamicin and oral cotrimoxazole. sepsis is both feasible and effective in community-based settings and can be used as an alternative to the hospitalbased care in resource compromised settings. But there was less evidence in the management of neonatal sepsis in hospitals as was seen in this review in which we included only one RCT and three observational studies.
Intake, digestibility and nitrogen utilization in cattle fed tropical forage and supplemented with protein in the rumen, abomasum, or both

Background: There is little information in the tropics with regard the comparative understanding of how an increased nitrogen supply in the rumen or in the intestines affects efficiency of nitrogen utilization in cattle. This study evaluated the effects of supplementation with nitrogenous compounds in the rumen, abomasum, or both on intake, digestibility and the characteristics of nitrogen utilization in cattle fed tropical forage. Four rumen- and abomasum-fistulated Nellore bulls (227 ± 11 kg) were used. Four treatments were evaluated: control, ruminal supplementation (230 g/d of supplemental protein in the rumen), abomasal supplementation (230 g/d of supplemental protein in the abomasum), and ruminal and abomasal supplementation (115 g/d protein in both the rumen and the abomasum). The basal forage diet consisted of Tifton 85 hay with a crude protein (CP) level of 78.4 g/kg dry matter. Casein was used as a supplement. The experiment was conducted using a 4 × 4 Latin square. Results: There were no differences between the treatments (P > 0.10) with regard to forage intake. The intake and total digestibility of CP increased (P < 0.01) with supplementation. The nitrogen balance in the body increased (P < 0.01) and muscle protein mobilization decreased (P < 0.01) with supplementation, regardless of the supplementation site. The efficiency of nitrogen utilization did not differ among the treatments (P > 0.10). Conclusions: The supplementation of cattle fed tropical forage with protein in the rumen, abomasum, or both similarly increased the nitrogen accretion in animal, which reflects improvements on nitrogen status in animal body.
Sperm cryodamage occurs after rapid freezing phase: flow cytometry approach and antioxidant enzymes activity at different stages of cryopreservation

Background: In order to improve the efficiency of bovine sperm cryopreservation process, it is important to understand how spermatozoa respond to differences in temperature as well as the ability to recover its own metabolism. The combination between flow cytometry approach and antioxidant enzymes activity allows a more sensible evaluation of sperm cell during cryopreservation. The aim of this study was to evaluate sperm attributes and antioxidant enzymes activity during different stages of cryopreservation process. Semen samples from Holstein bulls (n = 4) were separated in 3 treatments: fresh (37 °C); cooled (5 °C); and thawed. Evaluation occurred at 0 h and 2 h after incubation. Membrane integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and DNA damages were evaluated by flow cytometry; activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase and gluthatione peroxidase were measured by spectrofotometry. Results: There was an increase in the percentage of sperm with DNA damage in the thawed group, compared to fresh and cooled, and for 2 hs of incubation when compared to 0 h. Considering MMP, there was an increase in the percentage of cells with medium potential in thawed group when compared to fresh and cooled groups. Opposingly, a decrease was observed in the thawed group considering high mitochondrial potential. Also in the thawed group, there was an increase on cells with damaged acrosome and membrane when compared to fresh and cooled groups. Significant correlations were found between antioxidant enzymes activity and membrane or mitochondrial parameters. Conclusion: Based on our results, we conclude that cryopreservation affects cellular and DNA integrity and that the critical moment is when sperm cells are exposed to freezing temperature. Also, our study indicates that intracellular antioxidant machinery (SOD and GPX enzymes) is not enough to control cryodamage.
Dose and time response of ruminally infused algae on rumen fermentation characteristics, biohydrogenation and Butyrivibrio group bacteria in goats

Background: Micro-algae could inhibit the complete rumen BH of dietary 18-carbon unsaturated fatty acid (UFAs). This study aimed to examine dose and time responses of algae supplementation on rumen fermentation, biohydrogenation and Butyrivibrio group bacteria in goats. Methods: Six goats were used in a repeated 3 × 3 Latin square design, and offered a fixed diet. Algae were infused through rumen cannule with 0 (Control), 6.1 (L-Alg), or 18.3 g (H-Alg) per day. Rumen contents were sampled on d 0, 3, 7, 14 and 20. Results: H-Alg reduced total volatile fatty acid concentration and acetate molar proportion (P < 0.05), and increased propionate molar proportion (P < 0.05), whereas L-Alg had no effect on rumen fermentation. Changes in proportions of acetate and propionate in H-Alg were obvious from d 7 onwards and reached the largest differences with the control on d 14. Algae induced a dose-dependent decrease in 18:0 and increased trans-18:1 in the ruminal content (P < 0.05). H-Alg increased the concentrations of t9, t11-18:2 and t11, c15-18:2 (P < 0.05). L-Alg only seemed to induce a transient change in 18-carbon isomers, while H-Alg induced a rapid elevation, already obvious on d 3, concentrations of these fatty acid rose in some cases again on d 20. Algae had no effect on the abundances of Butyrivibrio spp. and Butyrivibrio proteoclasticus (P > 0.10), while H-Alg reduced the total bacteria abundance (P < 0.05). However, this was induced by a significant difference between control and H-Alg on d 14 (-4.43 %). Afterwards, both treatments did not differ as increased variation in the H-Alg repetitions, with in some cases a return of the bacterial abundance to the basal level (d 0). Conclusions: Changes in rumen fermentation and 18-carbon UFAs metabolism in response to algae were related to the supplementation level, but there was no evidence of shift in ruminal biohydrogenation pathways towards t10-18:1. L-Alg mainly induced a transient effect on rumen biohydrogenation of 18-carbon UFAs, while H-Alg showed an acute inhibition and these effects were not associated with the known hydrogenating bacteria.
Assessment of possible impacts of climate change on the hydrological regimes of different regions in China

The aim of this work is to investigate the soil water budget across China by means of hydrological modeling under current and future climate conditions and to evaluate the sensitivity to soil parameters. For this purpose, observed precipitation and temperature data (1981e2010) and climate simulations (2021e2050, 2071e2100) at high resolution (about 14 km) on a large part of China are used as weather forcing. The simulated weather forcing has been bias corrected by means of the distribution derived quantile mapping method to eliminate the effects of systematic biases in current climate modeling on water cycle components. As hydrological models, two 1D models are tested: TERRA-ML and HELP. Concerning soil properties, two datasets, provided respectively by Food and Agriculture Organization and U.S. Department of Agriculture, are separately tested. The combination of two hydrological models, two soil parameter datasets and three weather forcing inputs (observations, raw and bias corrected climate simulations) results in five different simulation chains. The study highlights how the choice of some approaches or soil parameterizations can affect the results both in absolute and in relative terms and how these differences could be highly related to weather forcing in inputs or investigated soil. The analyses point out a decrease in average water content in the shallower part of the soil with different extents according to climate zone, concentration scenario and soil/cover features. Moreover, the projected increase in temperature and then in evapotranspirative demand do not ever result in higher actual evapotranspiration values, due to the concurrent variations in precipitation patterns.
Investigations of a nanostructured FeMnSi shape memory alloy produced via severe plastic deformation

Low-cost iron-based shape memory alloys (SMAs) show great potential for engineering applications. The developments of new processing techniques have recently enabled the production of nanocrystalline materials with improved properties. These developments have opened avenues for newer applications for SMAs. The influence of severe plastic deformation induced by the high-speed high-pressure torsion (HSHPT) process on the microstructural evolution of an Fe-Mn-Si-Cr alloy was investigated. Transmission electron microscopic analysis of the alloy revealed the existence of nanoscale grains with an abundance of stacking faults. The high density of dislocations characteristic of severe plastic deformation was not observed in this alloy. X-ray diffraction studies revealed the presence of ε-martensite with an HCP crystal structure and γ-phase with an FCC structure.