mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Failure mechanism and control countermeasures of surrounding rock at deep large section chamber intersection in the Wanfu Coal Mine

In order to solve the problem of large deformation at the intersection of deep large section soft rock roadway, this paper takes the intersection of kilometer-deep roadway in the Wanfu Coal Mine as an engineering example and applies Negative Poisson's Ratio (NPR) steel anchor cable in roadway support for the first time. By combining numerical simulation indoor test, theoretical analysis and field test, the deformation mechanism of surrounding rock at the intersection of deep-buried roadway was analyzed, and the control strategy with micro NPR steel anchor cable as the core was put forward. Through numerical simulation, the numerical analysis model of roadway intersection with different intersection angles and excavation sequence was constructed, and the impact of two key variables of rake angle and excavation sequence on the stability of surrounding rock at roadway intersection was studied. The optimal dip angle is 90° and the optimal excavation sequence was determined as pump house-pump house passage-substation. The mechanical properties of the micro-NPR steel anchor cable were studied through the static tensile test in the laboratory. The results showed that the micro-NPR steel anchor cable showed high constant resistance, uniform tensile, no yield platform, and no obvious necking phenomenon during breaking. Through theoretical derivation, it was calculated that the vertical stress of roadway intersection is 45 MPa, and the bearing capacity of superposed arch composed of micro NPR steel anchor cable is 1257 kN, which is enough to guarantee the overall stability of intersection. Support application test and monitoring were carried out on site, and it was verified that the combined support strategy of short and long micro NPR steel anchor cable has a good control effect on large deformation of surrounding rock at intersection, which provides a new support material and support means for the safety and stabilization control of surrounding rock at intersection.
The Tip60/Ep400 chromatin remodeling complex impacts basic cellular functions in cranial neural crest-derived tissue during early orofacial development

The cranial neural crest plays a fundamental role in orofacial development and morphogenesis. Accordingly, mutations with impact on the cranial neural crest and its development lead to orofacial malformations such as cleft lip and palate. As a pluripotent and dynamic cell population, the cranial neural crest undergoes vast transcriptional and epigenomic alterations throughout the formation of facial structures pointing to an essential role of factors regulating chromatin state or transcription levels. Using CRISPR/Cas9-guided genome editing and conditional mutagenesis in the mouse, we here show that inactivation of Kat5 or Ep400 as the two essential enzymatic subunits of the Tip60/Ep400 chromatin remodeling complex severely affects carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism in cranial neural crest cells. The resulting decrease in protein synthesis, proliferation and survival leads to a drastic reduction of cranial neural crest cells early in fetal development and a loss of most facial structures in the absence of either protein. Following heterozygous loss of Kat5 in neural crest cells palatogenesis was impaired. These findings point to a decisive role of the Tip60/Ep400 chromatin remodeling complex in facial morphogenesis and lead us to conclude that the orofacial clefting observed in patients with heterozygous KAT5 missense mutations is at least in part due to disturbances in the cranial neural crest.
Model predictive control of indoor thermal environment conditioned by a direct expansion air conditioning system

Temperature and humidity are two important factors that influence both indoor thermal comfort and air quality.Through varying compressor and supply fan speeds of a direct expansion (DX) air conditioning (A/C) unit,the air temperature and humidity in the conditioned space can be regulated simultaneously.However,most existing controllers are designed to minimize the tracking errors between the system outputs with their corresponding settings as quickly as possible.The energy consumption,which is directly influenced by the compressor and supply fan speeds,is not considered in the relevant controller formulations,and thus the system may not operate with the highest possible energy efficiency.To effectively control temperature and humidity while minimizing the system energy consumption,a model predictive control (MPC) strategy was developed for a DX A/C system,and the development results are presented in this paper.A physically-based dynamic model for the DX A/C system with both sensible and latent heat transfers being considered was established and validated by experiments.To facilitate the design of MPC,the physical model was further linearized.The MPC scheme was then developed by formulating the objective function which sought to minimize the tracking errors of temperature and moisture content while saving energy consumption.Based on the results of command following and disturbance rejection tests,the proposed MPC scheme was capable of controlling temperature and humidity with adequate control accuracy and sensitivity.In comparison to linear-quadratic-Gaussian (LQG) controller,better control accuracy and lower energy consumption could be realized when using the proposed MPC strategy to simultaneously control temperature and humidity.
Model free optimization of building cooling water systems with refined action space

Deep Q Network (DQN) is an efficient model-free optimization method, and has the potential to be used in building cooling water systems. However, due to the high dimension of actions, this method requires a complex neural network. Therefore, both the required number of training samples and the length of convergence period are barriers for real application. Furthermore, penalty function based exploration may lead to unsafe actions, causing the application of this optimization method even more difficult. To solve these problems, an approach to limit the action space within a safe area is proposed in this paper. First of all, the action space for cooling towers and pumps are separated into two sub-regions. Secondly, for each type of equipment, the action space is further divided into safe and unsafe regions. As a result, the convergence speed is significantly improved. Compared with the traditional DQN method in a simulation environment validated by real data, the proposed method is able to save the convergence time by 1 episode (one cooling season). The results in this paper suggest that, the proposed DQN method can achieve a much quicker learning speed without any undesired consequences, and therefore is more suitable to be used in projects without pre-learning stage.
Carbon materials toward efficient potassium storage: Rational design, performance evaluation and potassium storage mechanism

Potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) are potential "Beyond Li-ion Batteries" candidates for their resource advantage and low standard electrode potential. To date, the research on PIBs is in its early stages, the most urgent task is to develop high-performance electrode materials and reveal their potassium storage mechanism. For PIBs anode materials, carbon with tunable microstructure, excellent electrochemical activity, nontoxicity and low price is considered as one of the most promising anode materials for commercialization. Although some breakthrough works have emerged, the overall electrochemical performance of the reported carbon anode is still far away from practical application. Herein, we carry out a comprehensive overview of PIBs carbon anode in terms of three aspects of rational design of structure, performance evaluation criteria and characterization of potassium storage mechanism. First, the regulation mechanism of key structural features of carbon anode on its potassium storage performance and the representative structural regulation strategies are introduced. Then, in view of the undefined performance evaluation criteria of PIBs carbon anode, a reference principle for evaluating the potassium storage performance of carbon anode is proposed. Finally, the advanced characterization techniques for the potassium storage mechanism of carbon anode are summarize. This review aims to provide guidance for the development of practical PIBs anode.
Micropores regulating enables advanced carbon sphere catalyst for Zn-air batteries

Energy conversion technologies like fuel cells and metal-air batteries require oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts with low cost and high catalytic activity. Herein, N-doped carbon spheres (N-CS) with rich micropore structure have been synthesized by a facile two-step method, which includes the polymerization of pyrrole and formaldehyde and followed by a facile pyrolysis process. During the preparation, zinc chloride (ZnCl_2) was utilized as a catalyst to promote polymerization and provide a hypersaline environment. In addition, the morphology, defect content and activity area of the resultant N-CS catalysts could be regulated by controlling the content of ZnCl_2. The optimum N-CS-1 catalyst demonstrated much better catalytic activity and durability towards ORR in alkaline conditions than commercial 20 wt% Pt/C catalysts, of which the half-wave potential reached 0.844 V vs. RHE. When applied in the Zn-air batteries as cathode catalysts, N-CS-1 showed a maximum power density of 175 mW cm~(-2) and long-term discharging stability of over 150 h at 10 mA cm~(-2), which outperformed 20 wt% Pt/C. The excellent performance could be due to its ultrahigh specific surface area of 1757 m~2 g~(-1) and rich micropore channels structure. Meanwhile, this work provides an efficient method to synthesize an ultrahigh surface porous carbon material, especially for catalyst application.
High tension cyclic hydrocarbons synthesized from biomass-derived platform molecules for aviation fuels in two steps

Synthesizing ring structure aviation fuels from biomass-derived platform molecules is challenging, especially for bridged ring structure aviation fuels which are typically achieved from fossil-derived chemicals. Herein, we report the synthesis of a series of ring structure biofuels in two steps by a combination of a solvent-free Michael-cyclization reaction and a hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) reaction from lignocellulosederived 5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione. These biofuels are obtained with high overall yields up to 90%, which exhibit high densities of 0.81 g cm~(-3)-0.88 g cm~(-3) and high volumetric neat heat of combustion (VNHOC) values of 36.0 MJ L~(-1)-38.6 MJ L~(-1). More importantly, bridged-ring structure hydrocarbons can also be achieved in two steps by a combination of a Robinson annulation reaction and an HDO reaction to afford the final products at high overall yields up to 90%. The bridged-ring structure products have comparable high densities and high VNHOC values to the best artificial fuel JP-10 (0.94 g cm~(-3) and 39.6 MJ L~(-1)). The results demonstrate a promising way for the synthesis of high-density aviation fuels with different fuel properties at high yields.
Coral-like and binder-free carbon nanowires for potassium dual-ion batteries with superior rate capability and long-term cycling life

Owing to the advantages of high operating voltage, environmental benignity, and low cost, potassium-based dual-ion batteries (KDIBs) have been considered as a potential candidate for large-scale energy storage. However, KDIBs generally suffer from poor cycling performance and unsatisfied capacity, and inactive components of conductive agents, binders, and current collector further lower their overall capacity. Herein, we prepare coral-like carbon nanowires (CCNWs) doped with nitrogen as a binder-free anode material for K~+-ion storage, in which the unique coral-like porous nanostructure and amorphous/short-range-ordered composite feature are conducive to enhancing the structural stability, to facilitating the ion transfer and to boosting the full utilization of active sites during potassiation/de-potassiation process. As a result, the CCNW anode possesses a hybrid K~+-storage mechanism of diffusive behavior and capacitive adsorption, and stably delivers a high capacity of 276 mAh g~(-1) at 50 mA g~(-1), good rate capability up to 2 A g~(-1), and long-term cycling stability with 93% capacity retention after 2000 cycles at 1 A g~(-1). Further, assembling this CCNW anode with an environmentally benign expanded graphite (EG) cathode yields a proof-of-concept KDIB, which shows a high specific capacity of 134.4 mAh g~(-1) at 100 mA g~(-1), excellent rate capability of 106.5 mAh g~(-1) at 1 A g~(-1), and long-term cycling stability over 1000 cycles with negligible capacity loss. This study provides a feasible approach to developing high-performance anodes for potassium-based energy storage devices.
Does friction contribute to formability improvement using servo press?

Servo press forming machines are advanced forming systems that are capable of imparting interrupted punch motion, resulting in enhanced room temperature formability. The exact mechanism of the formability improvement is not yet established. The contribution of interrupted motion in the ductility improvement has been studied through stress relaxation phenomena in uniaxial tensile (UT) tests. However, the reason for improved formability observed when employing servo press is complicated due to the additional contribution from frictional effects. In the present work, an attempt is made to decouple the friction effect on formability improvement numerically. The improved formability is studied using a hole expansion test (HET). The limit of forming during hole expansion is modeled using the Hosford-Coulomb (HC) damage criteria, which is implemented as a user subroutine in a commercial explicit finite element (FE) software. Only the contribution of stress relaxation is accounted for in the evolution of the damage variable during interrupted loading. Therefore, the difference between simulation and experimental hole expansion ratio (HER) can be used to decouple the friction effect from the overall formability improvement during hole expansion. The improvement in HER due to stress relaxation and friction effect is different. The study showed that the model effectively captures the hole expansion deformation process in both monotonic and interrupted loading conditions. Compared to stress relaxation, friction effect played a major role during interrupted HET.
High wave transmittance and low thermal conductivity Y-α-SiAlON porous ceramics for high-temperature radome applications

With the development of hypersonic vehicle technology, ceramic-based radome materials are highly demanded due to their high operating temperatures, good dielectric properties, and high mechanical properties. Although α-SiAlON is an ideal material for radome applications, its intrinsic low transmittance and high thermal conductivity limit its applications. Herein, we prepared Y-α-SiAlON porous ceramics through tert-butanol (TBA) gel-casting using the self-synthesized α-SiAlON powder. The Y-α-SiAlON porous ceramics exhibited a uniform micron-level connected pore structure with the porosity (P) of 44.2%-58.6%. The real part of permittivity (ε') was 3.13-4.18 (8.2-12.4 GHz), which decreased significantly with the increasing porosity. The wave transmittance (|T |2) of the sample with porosity of 58.6% could exceed 80% in the thickness range of 6-10 mm. The thermal conductivity was maintained at a low level of 1.38-2.25 W·m~(-1)·K~(-1) owing to the introduction of the pore structure. The flexural strength was 44.73-88.33 MPa, which may be increased by rod-like α-SiAlON grains. The results indicate that the prepared Y-α-SiAlON porous ceramics meet the requirements of high-temperature wave-transmitting materials for radome applications.
Interface engineering of an electrospun nanofiber-based composite cathode for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells

Sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics are a major obstacle to developing intermediate-temperature solid-oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs). In particular, engineering the anion defect concentration at an interface between the cathode and electrolyte is important for facilitating ORR kinetics and hence improving the electrochemical performance. We developed the yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) nanofiber (NF)-based composite cathode, where the oxygen vacancy concentration is controlled by varying the dopant cation (Y_2O_3) ratio in the YSZ NFs. The composite cathode with the optimized oxygen vacancy concentration exhibits maximum power densities of 2.66 and 1.51 W cm~(–2) at 700 and 600 °C, respectively, with excellent thermal stability at 700 °C over 500 h under 1.0 A cm~(–2). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and distribution of relaxation time analysis revealed that the high oxygen vacancy concentration in the NF-based scaffold facilitates the charge transfer and incorporation reaction occurred at the interfaces between the cathode and electrolyte. Our results demonstrate the high feasibility and potential of interface engineering for achieving IT-SOFCs with higher performance and stability.
Bioinspired Tactile Sensation Based on Synergistic Microcrack-Bristle Structure Design toward High Mechanical Sensitivity and Direction-Resolving Capability

Natural tactile sensation is complex, which involves not only contact force intensity detection but also the perception of the force direction, the surface texture, and other mechanical parameters. Nevertheless, the vast majority of the developed tactile sensors can only detect the normal force, but usually cannot resolve shear force or even distinguish the directions of the force. Here, we present a new paradigm of bioinspired tactile sensors for resolving both the intensity and the directions of mechanical stimulations via synergistic microcrack-bristle structure design and cross-shaped configuration engineering. The microcrack sensing structure gives high mechanical sensitivity to the tactile sensors, and the synergistic bristle structure further amplifies the sensitivity of the sensors. The cross-shaped configuration engineering of the synergistic microcrack-bristle structure further endows the tactile sensors with good capability to detect and distinguish the directions of the applied mechanical forces. The as-fabricated tactile sensors exhibit a high sensitivity (25.76 N~(-1)), low detection limit (5.4 mN), desirable stability (over 2,500 cycles), and good capability to resolve both mechanical intensity and directional features. As promising application scenarios, surface texture recognition and biomimetic path explorations are successfully demonstrated with these tactile sensors. This newly proposed tactile sensation strategy and technology have great potential applications in ingenious tactile sensation and construction of various robotic and bionic prostheses with high operational dexterity.
妊娠期雄激素生理作用的研究进展

雄激素是一种作用广泛的类固醇激素。对女性而言,雄激素不仅是雌激素合成的前体,还可通过基因组和非基因组效应参与多种代谢调节。妊娠期雄激素水平在母体血液循环中逐渐升高,可能参与调节妊娠和分娩的关键环节。雄激素可调节胎盘的血管生成,影响子宫内膜的增殖、蜕膜化及胎盘物质运输功能。在子宫颈成熟过程中,适宜水平的雄激素是至关重要的。雄激素还可调节子宫平滑肌细胞表型变化,同时影响细胞膜上调节钙瞬变的重要分子进而介导子宫平滑肌松弛。进一步研究妊娠期雄激素对胎盘、子宫颈、子宫平滑肌的潜在作用将有利于更好地管理胎儿生长受限、流产、早产等不良妊娠结局。
Terson综合征玻璃体切割术后黄斑裂孔1例

Terson综合征的视功能损害是多样化的,应个体化分析。以Terson为原发病的继发性MH报道罕见,PPV和MH形成之间的时间间隔取决于潜在的病理,60%的患者在原发性PPV和MH形成之间有3个月的时间间隔,该患者术后1周MH即形成,术后1个月MH自发闭合,但其后期视力恢复并不明显,这与患者视网膜层间结构的完整性及形态的破坏有关,尤其是左眼视网膜下液的形成,其形成的具体原因及处理方法仍值得进一步研究。继发性MH作为某一种眼病的伴随病变,每一例都有其特殊性,需要密切随访、观察,综合判断其形成机制及发展过程,选择最优治疗方案。
巨大外阴Paget病1例

VPD需要与继发性乳房外Paget病(extramammary Paget's disease, EMPD)、皮肤转移癌、鲍温病、恶性黑素瘤等鉴别,病理与免疫组化检查是主要鉴别方法。CK20常常作为区分原发EMPD和继发EMPD的特异标志,原发性VPD表达阴性,继发性VPD表达阳性。临床诊断VPD时需要同时进行系统检查和评估以排除继发EMPD及皮肤转移癌。恶性黑素瘤中S100蛋白、HMB-45、黑素瘤抗原均表达,而Paget样鲍恩病则表达P63、CK7,而不表达CAM5.2和耐淀粉酶PAS。VPD治疗首选手术切除,可选用Mohs外科手术,皮损面积较大的患者建议联合妇科及整形外科制定个体化手术方案,尽量减少对功能的影响。
UPLC-Q-TOF/MS法分析大柴胡汤体内外成分

目的建立超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱(UPLC-Q-TOF/MS)法分析大柴胡汤的体内外成分。方法该药物分析采用Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C_(18)色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7 μm);流动相0.1%甲酸-乙腈、0.1%甲酸-水,梯度洗脱;体积流量0.3 mL/min;柱温45 ℃;电喷雾离子源;正负离子扫描。大鼠灌胃给药3 d后采血,取肝脏、心脏、结肠、肾脏,根据保留时间、精确相对分子质量、一级和二级质谱数据,结合相关对照品、参考文献鉴定血浆和各组织中成分分布。结果共鉴定出60种成分,包括黄酮类33种、蒽醌类7种、酚酸类2种、黄烷醇类1种、类黄酮类1种、异黄酮类1种、香豆素类1种、其他类14种,从大鼠血浆、心脏、肝脏、结肠、肾脏中分别检测到15、5、6、11、7种成分。结论该方法可为大柴胡汤药效物质基础及其作用机制研究提供实验依据。
超声引导经皮经肝胆管穿刺置管引流术中国专家共识(2023版)

经皮经肝胆管穿刺置管引流术(percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage,PTBD)是梗阻性黄疸的重要微创治疗方法之一,超声引导PTBD具有简便、无放射和可床边操作等优势,临床应用广泛。本共识针对超声引导PTBD的适应证、禁忌证、术前准备、操作方法、术后观察及并发症防治等进行阐述,旨在为推广超声引导PTBD标准化操作提供理论依据及操作规范。
法医SNP系谱推断技术助破23年冷案1例

SNP是一种二等位基因遗传标记,现阶段使用高密度SNP芯片无法对混合DNA样本进行有效检测和区分,故针对精斑类容易混合的检材,使用两步法时需充分消化,确保DNA来源于单一个体。由于遗传时基因重组的随机性,共祖片段数量和长度在相同亲缘关系等级的样本间会有差异,GREYTAK等[12]研究表明,约有10%的7级亲缘关系基于现有技术无法检测到共祖片段。使用系谱推断技术筛选家系时,每个家系(7级以内)至少需采集2名人员,以避免假阴性。挑选家系样本时尽可能选取辈分高的成员。在此过程中,办案人员需要了解该技术,并与检验人员密切配合。本案在送检之前,鉴定人就对办案单位提供的家系进行了梳理,筛选出待检样本,并按照基因座容差进行排序检测,最终在1个基因座容差样本中比中7级亲缘关系。比中人员A与现场物证DNA差异的DYS576基因座在南方汉族中突变率1.75×10~(-2),属于快速突变Y-STR基因座。相信不久的将来该技术将为无名尸源认定、疑案、积案等提供重要侦查线索,成为法医DNA领域的重要检测技术。
合并呼吸衰竭的青少年患者脊柱侧弯矫形手术围术期管理

脊柱侧弯不但影响青少年的身体形态,而且危害青少年的心肺功能,极大地影响了青少年患者的生活质量与生命安全。合并呼吸衰竭的青少年患者脊柱侧弯多为先天性或为其他疾病的合并症。此类患者侧弯角度大,生长发育差,肺功能严重受损,给手术麻醉带来了极高的风险,也让围术期管理复杂而困难。本文收集整理了此类患者的围术期资料,现将其管理经验作一介绍。
逍遥散对LPS诱导神经炎症小鼠的作用机制

目的观察LPS诱导小鼠海马小胶质细胞激活和炎症因子、炎症介质的含量,探讨逍遥散对海马神经炎症的作用机制。方法75只雄性C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为正常组(NC)、模型组(LPS)、逍遥散组(XYS)、氟西汀组(FIU)和阿司匹林组(ASP)。各组给予相应饲料饲养7天后腹腔注射1 mg·kg~(-1)的LPS溶液造模,观察各组小鼠一般情况;旷场、O迷宫实验评估小鼠行为情况;酶联免疫吸附剂测定(Elisa)法检测海马组织中TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β及iNOS的含量;免疫组化法(IHC)观察海马小胶质细胞及离子钙接头蛋白-1(Iba-1)的表达;实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)检测核因子-κB(NF-κB)、toll样受体4(TLR4)、c-Jun氨基末端激酶3(JNK3)、细胞外调节蛋白激酶1(ERK1)、RAF原癌基因丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶1(Raf-1)、酪氨酸蛋白激酶(PTK)mRNA的表达水平。结果与NC比较,LPS组小鼠扎堆蜷缩,毛发稀疏无光泽,便溏,眼周有白色分泌物;旷场、O迷宫实验中周围区运动距离、中央区运动距离,开放臂运动距离、闭合臂运动距离及运动总距离显著下降(P <0.01)。海马组织TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β和iNOS含量显著升高(P <0.05或P <0.01);IHC结果显示小胶质细胞过度激活,Iba-1在海马CA1和CA3区的表达显著增加(P <0.01);NF-κB、TLR4、JNK3、ERK1、raf-1、PTK mRNA的表达上升(P <0.05或P <0.01)。与LPS组比,各给药组小鼠活动减少;XYS、ASP组中央区运动距离显著上升(P <0.05或P <0.01),FLU组周围区、中央区运动距离和运动总距离显著上升(P <0.01或P <0.05);各给药组闭合臂运动距离和运动总距离显著升高(P <0.05或P <0.01);各给药组小鼠海马小胶质细胞活化减少,XYS组Iba-1表达下降显著(P <0.01)。XYS、FLU组JNK3、NF-κB、TLR4显著下降(P <0.05或P <0.01);ASP组raf-1、ERK1、TLR4显著下降(P <0.05或P <0.01)。结论逍遥散的综合疗效及药理作用优于氟西汀和阿司匹林,其作用机制可能通过抑制LPS诱导小鼠海马区小胶质细胞的激活,降低IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,iNOS的含量,下调NF-κB、TLR4、JNK3、PTK mRNA的表达,从而改善LPS诱导小鼠海马神经炎症及异常行为。
住院高血压患者顽固性高血压患病情况及临床特征

目的分析住院高血压患者中顽固性高血压(RfH)的患病情况及人群特征。方法横断面研究纳入2015年1月1日至2018年12月31日福建医科大学附属第一医院住院的成年(年龄≥18岁)高血压患者并筛出难治性高血压(RH)患者,收集人口学资料、原发病、合并症、血生化检查指标、血压控制和降压药应用情况等。结果在住院的高血压患者18 360例中,筛出表观RH 1 566例,进一步排除继发性高血压350例,余为真性RH 1 070例,其中,符合RfH40例。RfH分别占住院高血压、表观RH和真性RH的0.22%、2.55%和3.74%。RfH患者年龄(65.1±12.4)岁,高血压病程(14.7±11.3)年,血肌酐(100.8±149.9)μmol/L,糖尿病及心脑血管病(CCVD)各占45.0%。结论RfH占住院高血压患者的0.22%。RfH患者年龄大、高血压病程长、肾功能有所减退、糖尿病及CCVD发生率较高。