mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
剩余可采储量采油速度与Arps递减规律关系

针对鄂尔多斯盆地岩性油藏剩余可采储量采油速度变化规律难以评价的问题,从定义剩余可采储量采油速度入手,结合Arps递减方程,推导出不同递减规律条件下的剩余可采储量采油速度方程,并以鄂尔多斯盆地具体油藏为实例进行分析。结果表明:在指数型递减规律下,剩余可采储量采油速度等于初始递减率,为常数;在双曲线型递减规律下,剩余可采储量采油速度随时间的增大而呈“凹”型下降曲线,与递减率呈正线性相关,其斜率为1-n(n为递减指数);在调和型递减规律下,剩余可采储量采油速度随时间呈“凹”型变化规律,且存在极小值,与递减率呈“凹”型相关,即当时间小于某一点(驻点)时,剩余可采储量采油速度随时间的增大(或递减率的降低)而呈“凹”型降低;当时间大于某一点(驻点)时,剩余可采储量采油速度随时间的增大(或递减率的降低)而呈“凹”型升高。研究成果在岩性油藏以及其他开发规律类似的油藏均可推广应用。
裂缝型底水气藏水侵动态研究

裂缝型底水气藏裂缝较为发育,储层非均质性强,气井普遍产水且形式较为复杂,为明确该类型气藏的水侵规律,准确预测气井的见水时间,以C气田Y层组裂缝型底水气藏为例,根据出水井的水侵特征及裂缝发育情况,总结出产水井的水侵模式,然后采用统计学方法,利用部分油藏地质参数,建立裂缝厚度、单井产量与气井出水时间的非线性关系,绘制裂缝型底水气藏气井产水时间的预测图版,从而预测气井在不同配产下的见水时间。该研究可为同类型气藏的合理开发提供一定的指导。
渝东地区龙马溪组页岩气成藏地质条件研究

针对渝东地区龙马溪组页岩气成藏条件问题,从野外露头、井下岩心及典型剖面等基础资料出发,通过有效页岩厚度、埋藏深度、有机碳含量、有机质成熟度以及物性特征等参数对该地区进行成藏条件研究。研究表明:该地区龙马溪组有效页岩厚度较大、埋藏深度较浅、有机碳含量较高、有机质成熟度较高,具有良好的物性特征以及较高的脆性指数,有利于页岩气的富集和开发。运用多因素叠加及综合地质分析技术,优选出渝东地区下志留统龙马溪组成藏有利区。有利区预测的结果对渝东地区探寻合理的页岩气勘探开发试验区具有一定的指导意义。
鄂尔多斯盆地西南部致密砂岩气成藏主控因素

鄂尔多斯盆地西南部上古生界砂岩储层整体较为致密,已获得工业气流,成为鄂尔多斯盆地致密砂岩气储量接替区。为了明确该盆地西南部致密砂岩天然气成藏的主控因素及规律,运用气源条件、源储空间配置和储层质量等单因素叠合分析方法进行综合研究。研究表明:盆地西南部上古生界气源强度满足形成致密砂岩气藏的成藏下限要求,与烃源岩空间配套的致密砂体宏观上控制气藏的位置和规模,致密砂岩内石英含量及其孔喉连通程度微观上控制致密砂岩气藏的富集程度,而气源条件、源储配置和储层质量三元补偿的最佳配置区为天然气的高产区。研究结果为盆地西南部致密砂岩气藏的勘探开发提供了科学依据。
莺歌海盆地天然气乙烷碳同位素异常成因分析

莺歌海盆地L15-1气田天然气具有独特性,其天然气乙烷碳同位素值高于盆地内其他气田。在系统分析天然气组分及同位素组成特征的基础上,结合烃源岩特征及底辟活动特征,综合分析了乙烷碳同位素异常的天然气成因与成藏过程。研究表明:L15-1气田天然气来自梅山组成熟度较高的煤型气,富含CO_2,未遭受明显的生物降解。造成L15-1气田天然气乙烷碳同位素值偏高的根本原因是海侵背景下梅山组烃源岩的干酪根碳同位素值偏高,同时,烃源岩较高的成熟度起到一定的促进作用。L15-1气田天然气主要在烃源岩高成熟阶段生成,经底辟活动形成的断裂运移至浅层莺歌海组和乐东组充注成藏;而源岩早期生成的富烃气保存于中深层黄流组和梅山组。该研究有利于弄清该区天然气的分布规律,进一步指导该区天然气的勘探。
墨西哥Sureste盆地油气成藏模式

Sureste盆地处于墨西哥湾南部,目前相关的研究资料较少,为探讨该研究区的油气成藏模式,基于一手的钻井、油田资料,对典型油气藏进行解剖,并结合区域构造沉积演化,建立了油气成藏模式。研究表明:盆地内油气藏主要包括断块、挤压背斜、盐刺穿相关和滚动背斜4种类型。建立了“断层+储层”沟通侧生旁储、断层沟通下生上储、“盐岩+断层”沟通下生上储、 “断层+储层”沟通自生自储4种油气成藏模式。指出盆地未来主要的勘探潜力包括位于盆地深层的“断层+储层”沟通侧生旁储的断块油气藏和深水区的“盐岩+断层”沟通下生上储的盐刺穿相关油气藏。该研究结果为后期油气勘探指明了方向。
天然气组分碳同位素倒转成因分析及地质应用

为促进稳定碳同位素倒转现象在天然气地质勘探中的应用,通过调研大量国内外相关文献,系统地梳理和归纳了天然气烷烃组分稳定碳同位素序列倒转的成因及原理,包括有机成因气与无机成因气混合、细菌氧化降解作用、不同类型天然气(油型气和煤成气)混合、不同源或不同期天然气(如原生气与次生气)混合、高温及高压作用(气层气和水层气混合、硫酸盐热氧化还原反应、瑞利分馏作用)以及天然气运移扩散效应等。分析认为,碳同位素倒转现象在天然气地质勘探中具有广阔的应用前景,包括判识天然气的成因及来源,研究母质成熟度及天然气次生变化,反映气藏的地质特征(如成藏期次和沉积环境),以及判断天然气远景区等。
库车克拉苏构造带地下盐岩变形特征分析

基于三维地震解释,对克拉苏构造带地下盐岩的空间展布形态进行分析,通过井震结合,建立盐内地震相模式,探讨研究区盐内变形特征和对高压盐水层分布的影响。研究表明,克拉苏构造带克深和大北工区地下盐岩的空间展布存在较大差异,先存的底辟构造、古隆起和盐岩的原始沉积边界导致不同区域的盐岩分布存在差异。研究区盐内可识别出的地震相模式可分为沉积型、流动型、褶皱型和断层型4类,不同类型的地震相指示了盐内不同的流变状态。纺锤型地震相是研究区最常见的、发育高压盐水的地震相,鞘褶皱的核部及平卧褶皱和断层共同封闭的空间也容易发育高压盐水。在钻遇上述地震相时,需要谨慎操作,可减少甚至避免钻井事故的发生。
眼睑Merkel细胞癌一例

讨论:Merkel细胞癌(merkel cell carcinoma,MCC)为原发于皮肤,起源表皮基底层细胞之间的短指状突起的Merkel细胞,是种罕见的高度恶性的皮肤神经内分泌癌,又称为内分泌癌、小细胞癌、皮肤神经内分泌癌。据超微结构的神经内分泌细胞的存在,故属于胺前体摄取和脱羧(amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation,APUD)系列肿瘤。该病1972年由Toker首先描述,并用“梁状癌”命名。随后Tang和Toker于1978年通过电镜证实了MCC为来源于浅表皮肤与触觉有关的Merkel细胞,并发现MCC肿瘤细胞中含有神经内分泌颗粒,从而明确了MCC的神经内分泌癌属性。MCC最常见于日光照射部位,好发于头颈部(50%),其次为四肢(40%),继之躯干、外生殖器(<10%),恶性度高,预后差。大多为生长迅速的单发性皮肤或皮下结节,边界清,一般不破溃,生长快,侵袭性强,手术切除后容易局部复发,也可远处转移。本病例即为原发于眼睑的Merkel细胞癌,并出现了转移。
红外吸收光谱法测定超低碳碳化稻壳中碳含量

碳化稻壳是将稻壳经碳化处理(加热至其着火点温度以下,使其不充分燃烧)而得到的一种有蜂窝状结构的黑色颗粒。碳化稻壳具有耐温高、绝热保温性好和吸附能力强等特点,是一种良好的保温剂。在冶金和铸造上,使用碳化稻壳覆盖钢水或铁水的表面,能减少钢水或铁水的辐射、对流和传导等引起的热损失,在保证金属浇铸温度的前提下降低其出炉温度,减少能耗,碳化稻壳已在冶金及铸造行业得到广泛的应用。
膝关节骨性关节炎的物理治疗

膝关节骨性关节炎(knee osteoarthritis, KOA)是一种常见、慢性、渐进性膝骨关节退行性疾病。该病好发于50岁以上人群,全球KOA的标准化发病率高达3.8%,女性高发于男性,其高发病率与高致残率所带来的经济与社会问题与日俱增。OA发病机制不清楚,多认为是软骨细胞、细胞基质及软骨下骨骨重建三者合成与分解的正常耦联失衡导致关节软骨退变破坏所致。所以,探索物理治疗对KOA关节软骨合成代谢、分解代谢及软骨下骨重建的影响,明确物理治疗是否具有保护关节软骨的作用成为近年基础研究的热点与重点。同时,临床应用研究也证明了物理治疗在减轻KOA疼痛、改善关节功能、提高生活质量方面的安全有效。
医护人员在执业中需要重视的专利问题探析

截至2014年底,我国共有执业医师237.49万人,执业(助理)医师289.25万人,注册护士300.41万人。医护人员不仅是救死扶伤的白衣天使,还是我国庞大的创新群体,能够在临床实践中发现好的治疗方法和新技术。现实中,已经有大量的医院申请专利,许多医护人员以发明人的身份出现在专利申请材料和专利授权证书中。
骨髓间充质干细胞免疫学特性及临床应用的研究进展

骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)是存在于骨髓中一类具有多向分化潜能和自我复制更新能力的干细胞。近年来,随着免疫学和移植学的发展,BMSCs因其免疫学特性成为了研究热点。
胰腺细胞的可塑性:胰岛β细胞再生的新思路

在糖尿病的发生发展中,胰岛β细胞功能进行性丧失,最终导致高血糖的恶化和各种并发症的发生。治疗糖尿病最重要的策略之一是恢复功能性β细胞总量。目前常用的策略有如下几种:(1)胰岛移植或胰腺移植;(2)将多潜能干细胞(包括胚胎干细胞和诱导性多潜能干细胞)或各种类型成体干细胞(如间充质干细胞、肝脏前体细胞等)在体外诱导分化为胰岛素分泌细胞后进行细胞移植,补充胰岛细胞数量;(3)促进成体干细胞(如胰腺干细胞等)在体内直接转分化为胰岛样细胞,恢复β细胞总量;(4)将终末分化细胞(如成纤维细胞等)在体内或体外直接转化为β细胞。
阿帕替尼治疗二例晚期难治性胃癌的临床观察

胃癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,中国胃癌的发病率和死亡率均位居所有恶性肿瘤的第3位,严重危害着人民的健康。对于晚期胃癌,长久以来以化疗为主,但目前化疗的完全缓解率低,且即使化疗后获得缓解,其缓解持续时间也较短。近年来,随着肿瘤分子生物学技术的不断发展,以及人们对恶性肿瘤发病机制的认识进一步加深,分子靶向治疗药物显示出较显著的抗肿瘤活性。2014年12月,我国国家食品药品监督管理局批准了阿帕替尼用于治疗二线化疗失败的晚期胃癌患者,成为全球第1个治疗胃癌的小分子靶向药物,为晚期胃癌患者带来了新的希望。我们采用阿帕替尼治疗了2例常规治疗耐药的晚期胃癌患者,现报告如下。
妊娠期糖尿病孕妇外周血中Toll样受体4的表达及影响因素

妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)即妊娠期首次发生的糖耐量异常,是妊娠期的常见并发症之一, 我国GDM发病率为17.5%。GDM与巨大儿、肩难产、新生儿低血糖等多种不良妊娠结局的发生相关,探寻GDM的发病机制,早期控制血糖、降低其发病率至关重要。近年的研究发现,高血糖、高血脂或代谢综合征患者体内固有免疫应答程度增强,可激活下游的调控通路而诱发胰岛素抵抗,可能在GDM发病中发挥了重要作用。Toll样受体4(toll-like receptor 4,TLR4)又称CD_(284),作为固有免疫系统中的重要组成部分,其调控通路参与了肝脏、脂肪、骨骼肌等组织器官的胰岛素抵抗的形成,在以2型糖尿病、高血压、肥胖等为表现的代谢综合征的发病机制中起到重要作用。对于TLR4在2型糖尿病发生中的作用已有学者进行了研究,发现其表达与胰岛β细胞功能受损及细胞凋亡相关。妊娠期母体内固有免疫应答增强,TLR4表达水平增加,与早产、胎膜早破、宫内感染、子痫前期等多种孕期疾病的发病相关,且GDM孕妇外周血中TLR4表达水平较健康孕妇明显增加|。本研究通过比较GDM孕妇与健康孕妇外周血中TLR4的表达水平,及其与孕妇血糖、血脂水平和体质指数(body mass index, BMI)的关系,旨在探寻GDM孕妇体内固有免疫应答的变化与GDM发病的关系。
Torque characteristics in a large permanent magnet synchronous generator with stator radial ventilating air ducts

In this study, we investigated the torque characteristics of large low-speed direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous generators with stator radial ventilating air ducts for offshore wind power applications. Magnet shape optimization was used first to improve the torque characteristics using two-dimensional finite element analysis(FEA) in a permanent magnet synchronous generator with a common stator. The rotor step skewing technique was then employed to suppress the impacts of mechanical tolerances and defects, which further improved the torque quality of the machine. Comprehensive three-dimensional FEA was used to evaluate accurately the overall effects of stator radial ventilating air ducts and rotor step skewing on torque features. The influences of the radial ventilating ducts in the stator on torque characteristics, such as torque pulsation and average torque in the machine with and without rotor step skewing techniques, were comprehensively investigated using three-dimensional FEA. The results showed that stator radial ventilating air ducts could not only reduce the average torque but also increase the torque ripple in the machine. Furthermore, the torque ripple of the machine under certain load conditions may even be increased by rotor step skewing despite a reduction in cogging torque.
Farmers' seed choice behaviors under asymmetrical information:Evidence from maize farming in China

Using a household survey data collected from four leading maize producing provinces in China, this paper studies the decisions of maize farmers on seed choices and variety portfolios when asymmetrical information exists in the market. Our findings indicate, while farmers generally tend to adopt new varieties with the expectation of potential higher yield, the primary driver to do so for those who have less information on seed varieties is to reduce production risk. Improving seed market management and providing more seed information to farmers would be beneficial in choosing seed varieties and maize production.
Water and salt movement in different soil textures under various negative irrigating pressures

This study examined the effect of different negative pressures and soil textures on water and salt movement to improve the efficiency of negative pressure irrigation (NPI). Four soil textures of varying fineness (Loamy Sand, Loam, Silty Loam, and Sandy Loam) and three negative pressure values (0, -5, and -10 kPa) were used. As irrigation time increased, wetting front movement speeds decreased, and as negative pressure increased, wetting front size decreased. Coarse soils had the smallest wetting front under greater negative pressure. Next, water infiltration rate decreased as irrigation time increased, and coarse soils had the lowest average infiltration rate under greater negative pressure. Finally, salt content increased with distance from the irrigation emitter and with increased negative pressure. Further, coarse soils were found to have decreased desalination under greater negative pressure. Thus, soil texture has a strong effect on NPI efficiency. However, by adjusting pressure values in accordance with soil texture, soil water content can be controlled and maintained. These findings are important to the improvement of NPI systems, increasing their practicality for agricultural use.
The SNPs C.513A>T in the MHC B-F gene and rs15001532 in the SPOCK1 gene are associated with Salmonella pullorum disease resistance in chickens

This study was designed to identify molecular markers single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of MHC B-F gene and SPOCK1) associated with Salmonella pullorum disease susceptibility/resistance. A two-stage case-control association study was used. In the first study, a small population comprising 401 Partridge chickens (201 cases and 200 controls) was used, and a total of 118 SNPs genotyped. In the second study, a bigger population comprising 1 075 Partridge chickens (527 cases and 548 controls) was used, and SNPs with significant effect determined in the first study were further analysed. In the first study, 8 SNPs were significantly associated with S. Pullorum disease susceptibility/resistance, however, after further analysis, only the SNPs rs15001532 and C.513A>T were found to be significantly associated with S. Pullorum disease susceptibility/resistance. The relative risk test demonstrated that the AA genotype of rs15001532 resulted in a higher risk of S. Pullorum infection, whereas birds with the TT genotype of C.513A>T were more susceptible to S. Pullorum infection. This research was based on the researches on human complex diseases. With help of these train of thoughts, some common animal diseases can be studied effectively and the process of candidate gene research for animal disease can be improved.
Imazamox microbial degradation by common clinical bacteria:Acinetobacter baumannii IB5 isolated from black soil in China shows high potency

Herbicidal residues of imazamox are hazardous to some sensitive rotational aftercrops. The aim of the study was to isolate and identify a microbial strain capable of degrading imazamox. The strain IB5, capable of efficiently degrading imazamox, was isolated from an imazamox-contaminated soybean field in Heilongjiang Province, China. It was found to degrade 98.61% of 400 mg L~(-1) imazamox within 48 h by high-performance liquid chromatograph. Through morphological, physiological and biochemical characterization, and the 16S rDNA sequencing, the strain was identified as Acinetobacter baumannii. An optimal degradation condition was obtained and verified:400 mg L~(-1) imazamox, 0.1% (volume ratio) initial inoculum, 37°C and pH 7.0. Four main products were captured in the liquid chromatograms and mass spectra, and a pathway for imazamox degradation by IB5 was proposed. This work provides a new suitable candidate for imazamox biodegradation and theoretical evidence for imazamox residue bioremediation. A. baumannii is a common clinical bacteria, but its imazamox-degrading feature has not been reported previously.
The Immune System and the Role of Inflammation in Perinatal Depression

Major depression during pregnancy is a common psychiatric disorder that arises from a complex and multifactorial etiology. Psychosocial stress, sex, hormones, and genetic vulnerability increase the risk for triggering mood disorders. Microglia and toll-like receptor 4 play a crucial role in triggering wide and varied stress-induced responses mediated through activation of the inflammasome; this leads to the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, increased serotonin metabolism, and reduction of neurotransmitter availability along with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hyperactivity. Dysregulation of this intricate neuroimmune communication network during pregnancy modifies the maternal milieu, enhancing the emergence of depressive symptoms and negative obstetric and neuropsychiatric outcomes. Although several studies have clearly demonstrated the role of the innate immune system in major depression, it is still unclear how the placenta, the brain, and the monoaminergic and neuroendocrine systems interact during perinatal depression. Thus, in the present review we describe the cellular and molecular interactions between these systems in major depression during pregnancy, proposing that the same stress-related mechanisms involved in the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in microglia and peripheral myeloid cells in depressed patients operate in a similar fashion in the neuroimmune placenta during perinatal depression. Thus, activation of Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 signaling and the NLRP3 inflammasome in placental immune cells may promote a shift of the Th1/Th2 bias towards a predominant Th1/Th17 inflammatory response, associated with increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, among other secreted autocrine and paracrine mediators, which play a crucial role in triggering and/or exacerbating depressive symptoms during pregnancy.
Elevated Neurosteroids in the Lateral Thalamus Relieve Neuropathic Pain in Rats with Spared Nerve Injury

Neurosteroids are synthesized in the nervous system from cholesterol or steroidal precursors imported from peripheral sources. These compounds are important allosteric modulators of γ-aminobutyric acid A receptors (GABAARs), which play a vital role in pain modulation in the lateral thalamus, a main gate where somatosensory information enters the cerebral cortex. Using high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry, we found increased levels of neurosteroids (pregnenolone, progesterone, deoxycorticosterone, allopregnanolone, and tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone) in the chronic stage of neuropathic pain (28 days after spared nerve injury) in rats. The expression of the translocator protein TSPO, the upstream steroidogenesis rate-limiting enzyme, increased at the same time. In vivo stereotaxic microinjection of neurosteroids or the TSPO activator AC-5216 into the lateral thalamus (AP -3.0 mm, ML ±3.0 mm, DV 6.0 mm) alleviated the mechanical allodynia in neuropathic pain, while the TSPO inhibitor PK 11195 exacerbated it. The analgesic effects of AC-5216 and neurosteroids were significantly attenuated by the GABAAR antagonist bicuculline. These results suggested that elevated neurosteroids in the lateral thalamus play a protective role in the chronic stage of neuropathic pain.
妊娠中晚期并发症卵圆孔瓣宫内闭合超声诊断及临床意义

卵圆孔是妊娠期胎儿循环的重要循环通道。无结构性胎儿心脏异常的卵圆孔宫内闭合是妊娠中晚期危险并发症,是突然胎死宫内的重要原因之一。
基于数据挖掘刘茂才名老中医治疗眩晕的临证经验初探

目的对刘茂才名老中医门诊治疗眩晕的处方用药进行分析,总结出高频用药及配伍组合,初步总结刘茂才名老中医治疗眩晕的临证经验。方法采用回顾性研究的方法收集2010年1月1日~ 2014年12月31日刘茂才门诊治疗眩晕的方药,运用描述性分析、聚类分析及因子分析等数据挖掘方法初步总结刘茂才名老中医治疗眩晕的经验。结果共收集刘茂才名老中医诊治眩晕病案共143例次,使用药物种类共95种,系统聚类分析可得到药对(串) 7组,因子分析提示常用类方有5组。结论刘茂才临证治疗眩晕以养阴清热,活血化瘀为治疗大法。
癃闭泰结肠灌洗治疗慢性前列腺炎的临床疗效观察

目的观察中药结肠灌洗方癃闭泰治疗慢性前列腺炎的临床疗效。方法运用自拟中药方癃闭泰结肠灌洗治疗慢性前列腺炎患者79例,观察治疗前后症状积分及尿白细胞及卵磷脂小体计数。结果中药结肠灌洗疗法治疗慢性前列腺炎总有效率为89.9%,并可有效改善患者症状、理化指标,提高患者生活质量。结论癃闭泰结肠灌洗疗法是一种安全、有效的治疗慢性前列腺炎的方法。
对中药毒性问题的思考

目的探讨中药的毒性问题,系统了解中药毒性,消除对中药毒性误解,指导临床合理用药。方法介绍中医药学对中药毒性问题的认识以及中医药毒性理论,剖析当前中药中毒的根源,寻求解决方案。结果中医药有系统的毒性理论,明确的毒性分级和多样化的增效减毒方法,中药中毒问题的产生除了中药自身毒性,更多和用药不当相关。结论“是药三分毒”,在中医理论指导下合理用药是问题关键,加强中医药学理论及用药经验学习,加强中药安全性评价研究是保证中药安全有效的基础。
寒水石化灰小剂组方筛选及主要成分对比分析

目的优选蒙药寒水石化灰小剂的组方构成和炮制工艺,对比分析主要成分。方法制备寒水石化灰小剂各组样品的含药血清和半仿生法溶出样品。四氮唑盐比色法(MTT)观察各组样本对人胃癌细胞MGC80-3增殖的影响;细胞集落形成实验观察碳酸钙组方和硫酸钙组方对细胞集落克隆形成率的影响。原子吸收法测定钙含量,质谱对比分析组方中主要成分。结果寒水石化灰小剂1号样本组(500℃、焖煅1h,组方中含有查干榜嘎和硫酸钙)对人胃癌细胞增殖抑制作用最为显著,且克隆形成率低。1号样本溶出最少,但溶出液中钙含量高于对应生品。液相色谱-质谱(LC-MS)分析各样品的胡椒碱和没食子酸等成分含量随温度升高而逐渐降低。结论寒水石化灰小剂的最佳炮制工艺为500℃、焖煅1h,最优组方是寒水石(硫酸钙) 、查干榜嘎组方。
人参果胶酸性组分调控BDNF /TrkB信号通路抗抑郁样行为的研究

目的探讨了人参果胶酸性组分调控BDNF/TrkB信号通路抗抑郁样行为。方法强饲给予小鼠人参果胶酸性组分12天,通过开场实验,高架十字迷宫实验,社交干扰实验及强迫游泳实验评价其抗抑郁样行为,Western Blotting检测小鼠海马组织脑源性神经营养因子BDNF及其受体TrkB的蛋白表达。结果人参果胶酸性组分具有抗抑郁样活性,该表观有效性伴随着小鼠海马组织BDNF及其受体TrkB的蛋白表达增加。结论人参果胶酸性组分通过诱导小鼠海马BDNF及其受体TrkB的蛋白表达上调进而增加神经元的存活,影响神经元突触的可塑性发挥抗抑郁的作用。
《千金方》学术思想的历史文化根源

通过系统阐述并论证《千金方》学术思想形成的社会历史背景及文化根源,认为两汉以来数百年医学探索积累为《千金方》的成书打下继承扬弃的历史基础,而孙思邈在对前人知识系统继承总结提炼过程中,又汲取道学、易学、儒学、佛学等文化中生命发生存续学相关知识,最终形成了《千金方》独特的学术特色。
尿毒清治疗慢性肾脏病的研究进展

各种慢性肾脏病(CKD)可进展为慢性肾衰竭(CRF),最终导致尿毒症。肾小球高灌注、高压力、高滤过状态、蛋白尿、肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统(RAAS)激活、高血压及脂质代谢紊乱等均是促进不同病因CKD进展的重要机制。随着世界人口老龄化,我国已有超过2亿的老年人,而CKD作为一类不断进展的慢性疾病,增龄也是导致其发生及进展的重要危险因素。祖国医学的复方制剂---尿毒清颗粒(UCG),由大黄、黄芪、白术、茯苓、何首乌、川芎、丹参等十六味中药组成,含多种有效生物活性成分,如异黄酮、大黄素、黄芪甲苷、芍药苷、丹酚酸A等。这些成分的协同作用可以多靶点、多途径地改善肾功能、有效延缓CKD进展,因此UCG颗粒被临床广泛应用。
人口老龄化背景下老年人生命质量的影响因素---体育锻炼

研究老年人的日常生活方式是否健康、科学,对这一群体生命质量(QOL)的保持和提升,更好地践行“体育即民生”尤为重要。老年人在社会融合的过程中面临着很多的阻碍,而QOL的高低与老年人口问题有着紧密的关系。老年个体能否合理利用自身拥有的各种社会资源,达到自我内在及与社会环境的和谐,使晚年生活过的更有尊严和体面尤为重要。本研究对目前我国老龄化的现状进行分析并提出积极的干预对策。
老年慢性病患者对长期照护者的需求及影响因素

目的探讨老年慢性病患者对长期照护(LTC)者的需求及其影响因素。方法按照家庭、养老机构、医院分层便利抽取老年慢性病患者516例,采用老年慢性病患者对LTC者的选择意愿问卷、日常生活能力(ADL)量表、老年抑郁量表(GDS) 、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)进行调查。结果选择家人进行长期照顾的为44.2%,选择养老护理员的为35.0%。年龄、婚姻、居住情况、医疗保障、平均月收入及ADL程度对LTC者的选择差异显著(P < 0.05),对LTC者不同需求意愿的老年慢性病患者在客观支持、主观支持维度得分及问卷总分均存在显著差异(P < 0.01) 。结论对于已婚、与子女或老伴同住、年轻的老年人、ADL功能好、社会支持高、平均月收入≤1 000元的老年慢性病患者可选择居家照护,加强对家庭照顾者的培训。年龄长、ADL功能下降的老年慢性病患者可选择机构或社区LTC,重视培育专业化的LTC服务人才队伍。培育和发展LTC志愿者,发挥社会服务组织及社团的积极作用。
限制性与开放性输血对老年围术期患者脑氧代谢及认知功能的影响

目的探讨限制性与开放性输血对老年围术期患者脑氧代谢及认知功能的影响。方法126例老年围术期患者随机分为限制性输血组(观察组)及开放性输血组(对照组),每组63例。比较两组患者麻醉诱导后(T1)、术中输血前(T2)、手术结束前(T3)血红蛋白(Hb)、血细胞比容(Hct)水平及脑氧耗〔C(a-jv)O_2〕、脑氧摄取率(CEO_2)和乳酸(Lac)含量,并在术前、术后1、7 d采用简易智力状况检查法(MMSE)评估两组患者认知功能。结果与对照组比较,观察组患者的Hb在T2、T3均降低明显,Hct在T3降低明显(P < 0.05),观察组患者在T2时间点的C(a-jv)O_2、 CEO_2均升高明显(P < 0.05)。两组患者在术前、术后1、7 d的认知功能比较均无统计学差异(P > 0.05)。结论限制性输血可较好地改善老年围术期患者的脑氧代谢,维持脑氧供需平衡,但对术后认知功能无影响。
恶性胸膜间皮瘤的临床特点及鉴别诊断

目的探讨恶性胸膜间皮瘤的临床特点及其鉴别诊断。方法对山东省胸科医院2009年1月至2013年12月确诊的30例恶性胸膜间皮瘤及同期住院的30例肺腺癌胸膜转移及30例结核性胸膜炎的临床表现,影像学特点,实验室检查,胸腔镜下表现进行对比和分析。结果恶性胸膜间皮瘤的临床症状同结核性胸膜炎及肺腺癌胸膜转移组患者相比缺乏特异性。影像学表现中环状胸膜增厚,病侧肺容积小,纵隔固定在恶性胸膜间皮瘤中相对常见。实验室检查中恶性胸膜间皮瘤无特异性检查指标,肺腺癌胸膜转移患者血及胸水癌胚抗原(CEA)明显升高,胸水找肿瘤细胞阳性率高;结核性胸膜炎胸水腺苷酸脱氨酶是相对特异性指标。胸腔镜下表现中恶性胸膜间皮瘤主要表现为弥漫胸膜增厚及大小不等的结节,有的呈大的肿块样改变,质地相对较硬。肺腺癌胸膜转移主要表现为不同程度的胸膜增厚及孤立或多发小结节,部分可融合呈桑葚或菜花状,易于取病理。结核性胸膜炎以充血、水肿,黏连和分隔,包裹为主要表现,可见有粟粒状小结节分布。胸腔镜多点取材并行免疫组化各组病例均明确诊断。结论恶性胸膜间皮瘤临床表现缺乏特异性,易于误诊为肺腺癌胸膜转移及结核性胸膜炎,内科胸腔镜检查可准确诊断恶性胸膜间皮瘤等胸膜疾病,减少误诊。
脂联素对帕金森病模型大鼠免疫炎症及氧化应激的保护作用

目的探讨脂联素(APN)对帕金森病(PD)模型大鼠免疫炎症及自由基损伤的保护作用。方法采用6-羟多巴胺单侧损毁左侧纹状体建立PD大鼠模型,选取40只造模成功的大鼠随机分为模型组和APN组各20只,APN组分别于第1、8、15天经鞘内注射人工合成的APN 60 μg /kg,模型组仅接受鞘内注射人工脑脊液。另取20只正常大鼠(仅行纹状体定位而不注射6-羟多巴胺)作对照。分别于治疗前及治疗1、2、3 w后进行旋转行为学及自主活性观察,检测各组治疗3 w后损毁侧纹状体的炎性因子〔肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α、白介素(IL)-1β和IL-6〕、氧化应激相关指标〔丙二醛(MDA) 、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD) 、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和过氧化氢酶(CAT) 〕及神经递质〔多巴胺(DA) 、二羟基苯乙酸(DOPAC)和高香草酸(HVA) 〕水平,免疫组化法检测损毁侧纹状体的酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)水平。结果与对照组相比,模型组治疗前后的旋转圈数均升高,自主活动次数降低(P < 0.05);模型组和APN组治疗前旋转圈数和自主活动次数无显著差异,但APN组治疗后的旋转圈数和自主活动次数均优于模型组(P < 0.05),且APN组各时间点旋转圈数和自主活动次数均有显著差异(P < 0.05) 。与对照组相比,模型组的炎性因子及MDA含量升高, SOD、GSH-Px和CAT活性、神经递质水平及TH阳性细胞数均降低(P <0.05); APN处理后可改善PD大鼠的以上异常指标(P <0.05),与对照组的仍有统计学差异(P <0.05) 。结论APN对PD大鼠纹状体免疫炎症及自由基损伤具有保护作用,可能与改善损毁侧纹状体的神经递质水平有关。
曲美他嗪与雷米普利对慢性心力衰竭大鼠心肌细胞凋亡及bax、bcl- 2蛋白表达的影响

目的观察曲美他嗪与雷米普利单用及联合用药对慢性心力衰竭(CHF)大鼠心肌细胞凋亡程度及凋亡相关蛋白bax、bcl-2蛋白表达的影响。方法雄性Wistar大鼠50只,随机分为模型组、曲美他嗪组、雷米普利组、联合用药组,用腹主动脉缩窄法复制CHF模型,另取假手术组作为对照,每组10只大鼠。观察和比较各组大鼠左心室重量指数(LVMI)及心功能,原位缺口末端标记法(TUNEL)检测心肌细胞凋亡指数,SP免疫组化法检测各组大鼠bax、bcl-2蛋白的表达情况,用RT-PCR法测定各组大鼠bax mRNA及bcl-2 mRNA的表达水平。结果与模型组比较,药物干预组大鼠心功能明显改善,凋亡指数明显降低,bcl-2阳性表达及其mRNA水平显著升高,bax阳性表达及其mRNA水平显著降低,其中以联合用药组变化最显著。结论曲美他嗪与雷米普利单用及联合应用均可有效改善心功能、抑制细胞凋亡、延缓CHF,联合用药在抗心肌细胞凋亡方面的疗效优于单独用药。
富于细胞型子宫平滑肌瘤临床危险因素分析

目的:分析富于细胞型子宫平滑肌瘤(CUL)的临床危险因素。方法:回顾分析2012年7月至2015年5月于我院行子宫肌瘤手术的患者232例,其中40例CUL患者,记录全部患者基本信息、肌瘤数目、大小、位置,B超血流信号,并随访术后子宫肌瘤复发情况。结果:年龄因素(年龄≥40岁)、肌瘤大小(肌瘤大小为5~8cm)、血流信号丰富(呈火球样、呈星、条或网状分布)是CUL发生的相关危险因素(P<0.05)。术后随访2年,CUL术后复发率高于普通平滑肌瘤(P<0.05)。结论:年龄、肌瘤大小、血流信号丰富是CUL发生的危险因素。
大型展览建筑给水安全设计研究

针对大型展览建筑的特点,通过收集全国近30家已建成展馆的设计资料,2座展馆的实际运营资料,分别对展览建筑给水系统的设计现状、水量、水质等问题进行分析,同时结合国家会展中心(上海)的给水系统安全设计,提出大型展览建筑给水安全设计建议,为大型展览建筑的给水设计和相关规范的修编提供参考。
轨道交通消火栓系统控制模式选择与优化探讨

室内消火栓系统是轨道交通水消防系统的重要组成部分,主要针对车辆基地和正线区间消火栓控制系统,研究确定适合工程特点的消火栓系统控制模式,通过控制系统的优化,更好地满足轨道交通消火栓系统的要求。
基于水土流失污染的丘陵盆地海绵城市策略-以黄石市环磁湖地区为例

水土流失是陆源径流污染的重要因素和面源污染的关键源;海绵城市对减轻丘陵盆地城市水环境问题至关重要。在规划前期采取系统性、前瞻性方法对提高海绵设施实效有重要意义。以黄石市环磁湖地区为例,基于水土流失防治探讨丘陵盆地海绵城市规划方法。首先基于IDRISI平台结合修正通用土壤流失方程(RUSLE)对现状进行模拟,得出平均土壤侵蚀模数[t/(hm~2·y)]和入湖沉积物总量(t/y),诊断现状水土流失不利地区,引导海绵设施布局;对规划情景采用相同的模拟和分析方法,通过比较规划前、后的结论揭示海绵城市策略对水土流失污染防治的实效性。根据结果,规划将使平均土壤侵蚀模数和入湖沉积总量分别降低10.76%和3.337%,土壤流失缓解地区比例显著大于加重地区。
人工关节置换术后深静脉血栓的形成及其影响因素

髋关节置换(THA)和膝关节置换(TKA)是目前临床上开展最多的两种人工关节置换手术。下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)是THA和TKA术后的严重并发症,文献报道其发生率为40%~50%,可引发致死性的肺血栓栓塞(PTE),严重威胁患者的生命安全。本研究对2010-2015年在成都军区机关医院行THA和TKA患者术后DVT的发生情况进行分析,探讨DVT的风险因素,旨在为其临床防治提供借鉴。
Permian Radiolarians from the A'nyemaqen Melange Zone in the Huashixia Area of Madoi County, Qinghai Province, Western China, and Their Implications on Regional Tectonism

The Huashixia area in the Madoi County, Qinghai Province, western China is one of the most important areas for the studies of the formation and evolution of the A'nyemaqen melange zone due to the well exposed, relatively complete tectonostratigraphic successions. However, the timing and evolutionary process of the A'nyemaqen paleo-ocean has long been poorly understood. Recently, we obtained abundant radiolarians from the siliceous rocks of the Maerzheng Formation of this melange zone in Huashixia. Total 19 species in 10 radiolarian genera have been identified. They belong mainly to the Albaillellaria, Spumellaria, Entactinaria, and Latentifistularia. Four radiolarian assemblage zones are established, including: the Pseudoalbaillella rhombothoracata, Pseudoalbaillella scalprata, Ruzhencevispongus uralicus, and Follicucullus bipartitus-Follicucullus sp. cf. F. ventricosus zones. Radiolarian faunal correlations suggest a late Artinskian-early Kungurian age and late Capitanian-early Wuchiapingian age for the first two zones from the lower part and the last two zones from the upper parts of the Maerzheng Formation, respectively. All radiolarians are typical of deep water elements living in deep oceans in low latitudes during the Permian. Previously, the radiolarians of Early Carboniferous to Early Permian age and fusulinids of Early-Middle Permian age have also been reported from the A'nyemaqen melange successions. The combination of the newly found radiolarians with the previously reported faunal and microfloral assemblages as well as radiometric ages obtained from the same stratigraphic units indicates that the A'nyemaqen paleo-ocean may have opened initially during the Early Carboniferous, expanded from the Early-Middle Permian, reached its acme in the early Late Permian, shrunk during the latest Permian to Early Triassic, and eventually was closed in the Middle Triassic.
Geochemistry of Metamafic Dykes from the Quanji Massif: Petrogenesis and Further Evidence for Oceanic Subduction, Late Paleoproterozoic, NW China

A suite of ~1.84-1.92 Ga metamafic dykes within the paragneiss suite (khondalite) of the Quanji massif in NW China, has been chosen in this study for further understanding the tectonic evolution and possible links to the global Columbia supercontinent. Occurrence and field relations suggest that they were formed coevally with a previous studied ~1.83-1.85 Ga metamafic dyke swarms. Whole-rock major and trace elemental geochemistry suggests precursor magma of the amphibolites being generated from a volcanic arc-related tectonic setting rather than a back-arc environment where the metamafic dyke swarms were emplaced. The metamafic dykes show enrichment of LREE and strongly negative anomalies for Ta-Nb, Zr-Hf and Ti, have high SiO_2 (49.3 wt.%-52.5 wt.%) but low MgO (6.40 wt.%-7.76 wt.%) contents and Mg~# (Mg~#=[100×(MgO/40.3)]/[MgO/40.3+FeO/71.8]) values (45.7-52.1), suggesting evolved precursor magma. The high values of La/Ta (22.2-42.8) and La/Nb (1.71-2.47), mildly negative εNd(t) values (-2.51-0.15), with depleted mantle model ages (TDM) of 2.45-2.84 Ga, suggest that their precursor magmas were possibly derived from a subduction-related fluid metasomatized Archean sub-continental lithospheric mantle. This study provides further evidence for oceanic plate subduction prevailing before or around ~1.85 Ga, which confirms a prolonged subduction-accretion-collision history in the NW China which is possibly linked to the assembly of the Columbia supercontinent.