mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
脊髓灰质炎后遗症患者的睡眠呼吸障碍

脊髓灰质炎后遗症(PPS)是指脊髓灰质炎存活者在经过大约20 ~ 30年稳定期后新出现的或者缓慢发展的一系列以疲劳、乏力、肌肉和关节疼痛、对寒冷的耐受力下降等为主要表现的综合征。在PPS患者中,会出现不同程度的睡眠呼吸障碍(SDB),包括阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征、中枢性呼睡眠呼吸暂停综合征、混合性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征和睡眠低通气综合征等。尽管其他神经肌肉疾病引起的SDB报道较多,但对PPS相关的SDB关注尚少,可能因为以下原因:(1)PPS患者的SDB发生较晚(多在中年以后发生),而且是一个缓慢的病程,容易被忽视;(2)长期以来对PPS的概念理解不够全面,多关注年轻患者肢体残疾的手术矫正而忽略了年长者的呼吸特别是睡眠呼吸问题。当前,我国数百万脊髓灰质炎存活者大多数正处于PPS的高发期,加强对PPS患者SDB的认识是保证患者及时诊疗、提高生活质量、降低并发症的关键。现就脊髓灰质炎患者中SDB的发生机制、临床表现、相关检查和干预措施综述如下。
Comparison of Elastic Properties of Bilateral Carotid Arteries in Relation to Site of Acute Ischemic Stroke Using Velocity Vector Imaging

Ischemic stroke accounts for 70% of all the cerebrovascular diseases. Severe stenosis and occlusions of extracranial and intracranial artery are all important risk factors causing ischemic stroke. Based on the widespread observation worldwide, intracranial atherosclerosis is the most common vascular lesions in Asians, Hispanics, and Africans. Therefore, accurate and noninvasive methods for early diagnosis of stroke in individuals without significant stenosis of the extracranial carotid artery is of considerable clinical interest.
Dynamic Alterations in Microarchitecture, Mineralization and Mechanical Property of Subchondral Bone in Rat Medial Meniscal Tear Model of Osteoarthritis

Background:The properties of subchondral bone influence the integrity of articular cartilage in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). However, the characteristics of subchondral bone alterations remain unresolved. The present study aimed to observe the dynamic alterations in the microarchitecture, mineralization, and mechanical properties of subchondral bone during the progression of OA. Methods:A medial meniscal tear (MMT) operation was performed in 128 adult Sprague Dawley rats to induce OA. At 2,4, 8,and 12 weeks following the MMT operation, cartilage degeneration was evaluated using toluidine blue O staining, whereas changes in the microarchitecture indices and tissue mineral density (TMD), mineral-to-collagen ratio, and intrinsic mechanical properties of subchondral bone plates (BPs) and trabecular bones (Tbs) were measured using micro-computed tomography scanning, confocal Raman microspectroscopy and nanoindentation testing, respectively. Results:Cartilage degeneration occurred and worsened progressively from 2 to 12 weeks after OA induction. Microarchitecture analysis revealed that the subchondral bone shifted from bone resorption early (reduced trabecular BV/TV, trabecular number, connectivity density and trabecular thickness [Tb.Th], and increased trabecular spacing (Tb.Sp) at 2 and 4 weeks) to bone accretion late (increased BV/TV, Tb.Th and thickness of subchondral bone plate, and reduced Tb.Sp at 8 and 12 weeks). The TMD of both the BP and Tb displayed no significant changes at 2 and 4 weeks but decreased at 8 and 12 weeks. The mineral-to-collagen ratio showed a significant decrease from 4 weeks for the Tb and from 8 weeks for the BP after OA induction. Both the elastic modulus and hardness of the Tb showed a significant decrease from 4 weeks after OA induction. The BP showed a significant decrease in its elastic modulus from 8 weeks and its hardness from 4 weeks. Conclusion:The microarchitecture, mineralization and mechanical properties of subchondral bone changed in a time-dependent manner as OA progressed.
浅谈循经感传

循经感传现象是指在针刺穴位时,有酸、麻、重、胀等感觉成线状或带状沿着古典书籍中记载的经脉循行的路线进行放散游走的过程,即"针感"反应。在经络研究中,循经感传研究具有重要意义,虽然有很多突破性的研究成果,但对其结果仍存在很多质疑。诸多未知对针灸的标准化以及国际化的发展形成了一大阻碍,同时也为今后的研究提供了一个关键方向。笔者就循经感传的研究进展做一简单客观的介绍,并认识其中不足以及经验教训,旨在为今后的针灸临床研究提供理论依据。
大肠穿孔48例临床特点及手术方式选择

大肠穿孔的病变原因和临床表现各异,影像学特点阳性率低,诊断较为困难。大肠穿孔造成的腹腔感染常合并中毒性休克等,手术风险较大,如果处理不当,可导致不良后果。外科手术是治疗大肠穿孔的有效方法,手术方式有多种选择,不同的手术方式直接影响患者预后。自2000年1月至2014年11月,我院收治大肠穿孔患者48例,现将治疗体会报道如下。
Illumination and Voltage Dependence of Electrical Characteristics of Au/0.03 Graphene-Doped PVA/n-Si Structures via Capacitance/Conductance-Voltage Measurements

Au/n-Si (MS) structures with a high dielectric interlayer (0.03 graphene-doped PVA) are fabricated to investigate the illumination and voltage effects on electrical and dielectric properties by using capacitance-voltage (C-V) and conductance-voltage (G/ω-V) measurements at room temperature and at 1 MHz. Some of the main electrical parameters such as concentration of doping atoms (N_D), barrier height (Φ_B(C - V)), depletion layer width (W_D)and series resistance (R_s) show fairly large illumination dispersion. The voltage-dependent profile of surface states (N_(ss)) and resistance of the structure (R_i) are also obtained by using the dark-illumination capacitance (Cdark-C_(ill)) and Nicollian-Brews methods, respectively. For a clear observation of changes in electrical parameters with illumination, the values of N_D, W_D, Φ_B(C - V) and R_s are drawn as a function of illumination intensity. The values of N_D and W_D change almost linearly with illumination intensity. On the other hand, R_s decreases almost exponentially with increasing illumination intensity whereas Φ_B(C - V) increases. The experimental results suggest that the use of a high dielectric interlayer (0.03 graphene-doped PVA) considerably passivates or reduces the magnitude of the surface states. The large change or dispersion in main electrical parameters can be attributed to generation of electron-hole pairs in the junction under illumination and to a good light absorption. All of these experimental results confirm that the fabricated Au/0.03 graphene-doped PVA/n-Si structure can be used as a photodiode or a capacitor in optoelectronic applications.
Superconductivity in Pd-Intercalated Ternary Rare-Earth Polychalcogenide NdSeTe2

We synthesize a set of Pd-doped polycrystalline samples Pd_xNdSeTe_2 and measure their physical properties. Compared with pure NdSeTe_2, the charge density wave (CDW) order is continuously suppressed with the Pdintercalation. Bulk superconductivity first appears at x = 0.06 with T_c nearly 2.5 K, coexisting with a CDW transition at 176 K. Further Pd-doping enhances T_c, until it reaches the maximum value 2.84 K at x=0.1, meanwhile the CDW transition vanishes. The upper critical field for the optimal doping sample Pd_(0.1)NdSeTe_2 is determined from the R-H measurement, which is estimated to be 0.6 T. These results provide another kind of ideal compound for studying the interplay between CDW and superconductivity systematically.
The Harmonic Potential Theorem for a Quantum System with Time-Dependent Effective Mass

We investigate the many-body wave function of a quantum system with time-dependent effective mass, confined by a harmonic potential with time-dependent frequency, and perturbed by a time-dependent spatially homogeneous electric field. It is found that the wave function is comprised of a phase factor times the solution to the unperturbed time-dependent Schrodinger equation with the latter being translated by a time-dependent value that satisfies the classical driven equation of motion. The wave function reduces to that of the harmonic potential theorem wave function when both the effective mass and frequency are static. An example of application is also given.
Hydrodynamic Sensing Based on Surface-Modified Flexible Nanocomposite Film

A highly sensitive sensor with piezoresistive nanocomposite material assembled in a flexible composite film is designed and tested for hydrodynamic sensing. Within the device, two nanocomposite films with micrometer scale modified small bumps on the surface are arranged together face-to-face by the interlocking mechanism. These structures are verified to have full-scale piezoresistive high sensitivities which are very appropriate for underwater sensing. Obvious output signals can be observed from the device subjected to the hydroacoustic dipole (vibrating sphere) with exciting frequency from 10 Hz to 40 Hz. A spectral peak can be seen in the Fourier analysis of the output signal at the corresponding frequency.
A flexible magnetoelectric field-effect transistor with magnetically responsive nanohybrid gate dielectric layer

Flexible magnetoelectric (ME)materials have been studied for new applications such as memory, energy harvesters, and magnetic field sensors. Herein, with the widely studied and progressive advantages of ME phenomena in the multiferroic field, we demonstrate a new approach for utilizing flexible ME materials as gate dielectric layers in ME organic field-effect transistors (ME-OFET)that can be used for sensing a magnetic field and extracting the ME properties of the gate dielectric itself. The magnetoelectric nanohybrid gate dielectric layer comprises sandwiched stacks of magnetostrictive CoFe_2O_4 nanoparticles and a highly piezoelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene)layer. While varying the magnetic field applied to the ME gate dielectric, the ME effect in the functional gate dielectric modulates the channel conductance of the ME-OFET owing to a change in the effective gate field. The clear separation of the ME responses in the gate dielectric layer of ME-OFET from those of the other parameters was demonstrated using the AC gate biasing method and enabled the extraction of the ME coefficient of ME materials. Additionally, the device shows high stability after cyclic bending of 10,000 cycles at a banding radius of 1.2 cm. The device has significant potential for not only the extraction of the intrinsic characterization of ME materials but also the sensing of a magnetic field in integrated flexible electronic systems.
Large-scale synthesis of single-source, thermally stable, and dual-emissive Mn-doped Zn-Cu-In-S nanocrystals for bright white light-emitting diodes

The global demand for resource sustainability is growing. Thus, the development of single-source, environment-friendly colloidal semiconductor nanocrystal (NC)phosphors with broadband emission spectra is highly desirable for use as color converters in white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs). We report herein the gram-scale synthesis of single-source, cadmium-free, dual-emissive Mn-doped Zn-Cu-In-S NCs (d-dots)by a simple, non-injection, low-cost, one-pot approach. This synthesis method led to the formation of NCs with continuously varying compositions in a radial direction because each precursor had a different reactivity. Consequently, the d-dots exhibited two emission bands, one that could be attributed to Mn emission and a second that could be ascribed to the band edge of the Zn-Cu-In-S NCs. The emission peaks assigned to band edge were tunable by modifying the particle size and composition. The prepared d-dots also exhibited the characteristic zero self-absorption, a quantum yield of 46%, and good thermal stability. Combining a commercial blue light-emitting diode (LED)chip with optimized d-dots as color converters gave a high color rendering index of up to 90, Commission Internationale de l'eclairage color coordinates of (0.332, 0.321), and a correlated color temperature of 5,680 K. These results suggest that cadmium-free, thermally stable, single-phase d-dot phosphors have potential applications in WLEDs.
Nanotube photovoltaic configuration for enhancement of carrier generation and collection

We report on the growth of geometric feature tuned semiconductor nanotubes on a transparent substrate through the application of an anodic aluminum oxide membrane-assisted method. Three-dimensional nanotube solar cells are developed in which semiconductor absorbers are not only used to fill the inner core of the nanotubes, but also to replace the membrane and to fill the intertube space between the nanotubes. The nanotube solar cells generate and separate carriers in three dimensions, namely, inside the cores of the nanotubes, in the intertube space between the nanotubes along the radial direction, and above the nanotubes along the axial direction. In preliminary experiments conducted to demonstrate the potential of this approach, nanotube CdS-CdTe solar cells were fabricated. CdS nanotubes with an inner diameter, wall thickness and intertube spacing of 35, 20, and 35 nm, respectively, were grown; the porosity and CdS nanotube density were 36.5% and 2.26×10~(10)nanotubes/cm~2, respectively. These features of CdS nanotubes enable more efficient carrier collection because of the reduced recombination, especially in those cases in which the minority carrier lifetime is short, thus resulting in a diffusion length of less than 100 nm. Nanotube CdS-CdTe solar cells exhibit a wide and strong spectral response and quantum efficiency, indicating enhanced light absorption and carrier generation and collection. Without the benefit of an antireflection coating, the cells exhibited a wide and strong spectral response of quantum efficiency, and a short current density of 25.5 mA/cm~2, an open circuit voltage of 750 mV, and a power conversion efficiency of 10.7% under 1-sun illumination. The materials and electro-optical characterizations indicated well-defined junction and interface behavior in these 3D nanotube solar cell configurations.
Chemical vapor deposition of monolayer WS_2 nanosheets on Au foils toward direct application in hydrogen evolution

Monolayer tungsten disulfide (WS_2), a typical member of the semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenide family, has drawn considerable interest because of its unique properties. Intriguingly, the edge of WS_2 exhibits an ideal hydrogen binding energy, which makes WS_2 a potential alternative to Pt-based electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Here, we demonstrate for the first time the successful synthesis of uniform monolayer WS_2 nanosheets on centimeterscale Au foils using a facile, low-pressure chemical vapor deposition method. The edge lengths of the universally observed triangular WS_2 nanosheets are tunable from ~100 to ~1,000 nm. The WS_2 nanosheets on Au foils featuring abundant edges were then discovered to be efficient catalysts for the HER, exhibiting a rather high exchange current density of ~30.20 μA/cm~2 and a small onset potential of ~110 mV. The effects of coverage and domain size (which correlate closely with the active edge density of WS_2)on the electrocatalytic activity were investigated. This work not only provides a novel route toward the batch-production of monolayer WS_2 via the introduction of metal foil substrates but also opens up its direct application for facile HER.
Wavelength-tunable infrared light emitting diode based on ordered ZnO nanowire/Si_(1–x)Ge_x alloy heterojunction

A novel infrared light emitting diode (LED) based on an ordered p–n heterojunction built of a p-Si_(1–x)Ge_x alloy and n-ZnO nanowires has been developed. The electroluminescence (EL) emission of this LED is in the infrared range, which is dominated by the band gap of Si_(1–x)Ge_x alloy. The EL wavelength variation of the LED shows a red shift, which increases with increasing mole fraction of Ge. With Ge mole fractions of 0.18, 0.23 and 0.29, the average EL wavelengths are around 1,144, 1,162 and 1,185 nm, respectively. The observed magnitudes of the red shifts are consistent with theoretical calculations. Therefore, by modulating the mole fraction of Ge in the Si_(1–x)Ge_x alloy, we can adjust the band gap of the SiGe film and tune the emission wavelength of the fabricated LED. Such an IR LED device may have great potential applications in optical communication, environmental monitoring and biological and medical analyses.
High-performance rigid and flexible ultraviolet photodetectors with single-crystalline ZnGa_2O_4 nanowires

ZnGa_2O_4 nanowires (NWs)as a ternary oxide semiconductor were successfully synthesized by a simple vapor transport method for application as highperformance ultraviolet (UV)photodetectors. A single-nanowire UV photodetector fabricated on a rigid silicon substrate exhibited excellent spectral responsivity (3,174 A/W)and high external quantum efficiency (1.1 × 10~6%)at 350 nm UV light illumination. A flexible single-nanowire photodetector on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET)substrate was also fabricated and showed similar properties. The as-fabricated flexible photodetector exhibited stable electrical properties and mechanical flexibility under different bending curvatures over many cycles, indicating its potential application in future flexible photoelectronic devices.
Antenna system characteristics and solar radio burst observations

The Chinese Spectral Radio Heliograph (CSRH)is an advanced aperture synthesis solar radio heliograph, independently developed by National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences. It consists of 100 reflector antennas, which are grouped into two antenna arrays (CSRH-I and CSRH-II)for low and high frequency bands respectively. The frequency band of CSRH-I is 0.4–2 GHz and that for CSRH-II is 2–15 GHz. In the antenna and feed system, CSRH uses eleven feeds to receive signals coming from the Sun. The radiation pattern has a lower side lobe and the back lobe of the feed is well illuminated. The characteristics of gain G and antenna noise temperature T affect the quality of solar radio imaging. For CSRH, the measured G is larger than 60 dBi and T is less than 120 K. After CSRH-I was established, we successfully captured a solar radio burst between 1.2–1.6 GHz on 2010 November 12 using this instrument and this event was confirmed through observations with the Solar Broadband Radio Spectrometer at 2.84 GHz and the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite. In addition, an image obtained from CSRH-I clearly revealed the profile of the solar radio burst. The other observational work involved the imaging the Fengyun-2E geosynchronous satellite which is assumed to be a point source. Results indicate that the data processing method applied in this study for deleting errors in a noisy image could be used for processing images from other sources.
Soil Microbiological and Biochemical Properties as Affected by Different Long-Term Banana-Based Rotations in the Tropics

Soil microbiological and biochemical properties under various field crop rotations such as grains, pastures and vegetables have been studied intensively under short-term period. However, there is limited information about the influence of banana-based rotations on soil organic C, total N (TN), microbial biomasses and enzyme activities under long-term crop rotations. A field experiment arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replicates was carried out at the Wanzhong Farm in Ledong (18°37'-18°38' N, 108°46'-108°48' E), Hainan Province, China, to compare the responses of these soil parameters to long-term (10-year)banana (Musa paradisiaca)-pineapple (Ananas)rotation (AB), banana-papaya (Carica)rotation (BB)and banana monoculture (CK)in a conventional tillage system in the Hainan Island. Soil pH, total organic C (TOC), dissolved organic C (DOC), TN, total P (TP)and available P (AP)were found to be significantly higher (P < 0:01)in AB and BB than CK at 0-30 cm soil depth. Microbial biomass C (MBC)and N (MBN)were observed 18.0%-35.2% higher in AB and 8.6%-40.5% higher in BB than CK at 0-30 cm. The activities of urease (UA), invertase (IA), dehydrogenase (DA)and acid phosphatase (APA)showed a mean of 21.5%-59.6% increase in AB and 26.7%-66.1% increase in BB compared with CK at 0-30 cm. Higher pH, TOC and DOC at 0-10 and 10-20 cm than at 20-30 cm were obtained despite of the rotations. Soil MBC and MBN and activities of UA, IA and DA decreased markedly (P < 0:01)with increasing soil depth in the different rotation soils as well as the monoculture soil. In general, soil microbial biomass and enzymatic activities were more sensitive to changes in banana-based rotations than soil chemical properties, and consequently they were well-established as early indicators of changes due to crop rotations in the tropics.
Effect of Deficit Irrigation on the Growth, Water Use Characteristics and Yield of Cotton in Arid Northwest China

Water shortage is a key constraint to sustainable agricultural production in Xinjiang, Northwest China. To enhance the use efficiency of valuable irrigation water resources, a 2-year experiment (2010-2011)was conducted to quantify the response of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)growth and yield to different degrees of deficit irrigation (DI)regimes; to determine the effects of DI on the characteristics of water use for cotton, seasonal water use, available soil water in the root zone, soil water depletion, evapotranspiration (ET)-based water use efficiency and irrigation-based water use efficiency, and to determine the best DI regime for optimal water-saving and yield output. The plots were irrigated at 100% (100ET), 85% (85ET), 70% (70ET), 55% (55ET)and 45% (45ET)of the regional ET of cotton in northern Xinjiang. The effect of DI irrigation on water use characteristics was evaluated by analyzing available soil water and soil water depletion in the root zone along with water use efficiencies of cotton. The study showed that the growth, water use characteristics and yield of cotton varied with irrigation regime. Seasonal ET and seed cotton yield were linearly correlated with irrigation amount. The second-order polynomial equation best approximated water-yield relationship of cotton in the study area. Cotton yield response factor was 0.65, suggesting limited water conditions were suitable for cotton cultivation. Economic evaluation of DI treatments confirmed that the yield loss was less than 10% under 70ET and 85ET, which was acceptable for greater sustainability. The results suggested that proper DI schemes were necessary for sustainable cotton production in the region. While irrigation at 85ET was safe for high cotton yield, irrigation at 70ET was a viable alternative under limited irrigation water availability.
国外海洋捕捞业生产率研究进展

生产率分析是探求经济增长源泉的主要工具,也是确定增长质量的主要方法, 对生产率及其相关指标的核算是制定各部门经济发展政策的基础。海洋捕捞业是我国海洋经济的支柱产业之一, 但自20世纪90年代以来, 由于捕捞强度超过渔业生物资源补充能力, 加之由工业发展带来的海域污染日趋严重, 造成我国近海渔业资源严重衰退, 进而导致渔汛消失、渔民失业、跨国界渔业纠纷等系列严重问题。因而对海洋捕捞业生产率的研究, 具有与其他行业以促进生产力增长的生产率研究所不同的特殊意义。海洋捕捞业的生产率研究, 是在研究生产率发展规律的基础上, 着重研究如何使渔业生产力发展与海洋渔业资源状况相匹配, 如何通过消减过剩捕捞能力来提高海洋捕捞业经济效益, 减轻进而遏制海洋渔业资源衰退趋势, 以最终实现海洋捕捞业的可持续发展。
Mathematical and numerical modelling of large creep deformations for annular rotating disks

A simulation model is presented for the creep process of the rotating disks under the radial pressure in the presence of body forces. The finite strain theory is applied. The material is described by the Norton-Bailey law generalized for true stresses and logarithmic strains. A mathematical model is formulated in the form of a set of four partial differential equations with respect to the radial coordinate and time. Necessary initial and boundary conditions are also given. To make the model complete, a numerical procedure is proposed. The given example shows the effectiveness of this procedure. The results show that the classical finite element method cannot be used here because both the geometry and the loading (body forces) change with the time in the creep process, and the finite elements need to be redefined at each time step.