mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
The Establishment of an In Vivo HIV-1 Infection Model in Humanized B-NSG Mice

Suitable animal models for human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1) infection are important for elucidating viral pathogenesis and evaluating antiviral strategies in vivo.The B-NSG(NOD-PrkdcscidIl2rgtm1/Bcge) mice that have severe immune defect phenotype are examined for the suitability of such a model in this study.Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) were engrafted into B-NSG mice via mouse tail vein injection,and the repopulated human T-lymphocytes were observed at as early as 3-weeks post-transplantation in mouse peripheral blood and several tissues.The humanized mice could be infected by HIV-1,and the infection recapitulated features of T-lymphocyte dynamic observed in HIV-1 infected humans,meanwhile the administration of combination antiretroviral therapy(cART) suppressed viral replication and restored T lymphocyte abnormalities.The establishment of HIV-1 infected humanized B-NSG mice not only provides a model to study virus and T cell interplays,but also can be a useful tool to evaluate antiviral strategies.
孕前臂踝动脉脉搏波传导速度对妊娠期高血压疾病的影响

目的探究孕前臂踝动脉脉搏波传导速度(baPWV)对妊娠期高血压疾病发生的影响。方法选取自2010年1月1日至2018年12月31日分娩且资料完整的女性职工1 550例,其中孕前完成baPWV测量者560例,排除孕前具有高血压病史者23例,共537例观察对象纳入研究。将观察对象按不同baPWV水平进行三分位分组,比较组间差异,通过多元线性回归分析孕前baPWV测量值与分娩前血压值的线性关系,采用Logistic回归分析不同baPWV水平对妊娠期高血压疾病发生的影响。结果在537例观察对象中baPWV第1三分位组180例,第2三分位组182例,第3三分位组175例,总人群中共有49例观察对象患有妊娠期高血压疾病,患病率为9.12%, baPWV第1三分位组观察对象中有17例患者,患病率为9.44%,第2三分位组观察对象中有15例患者,患病率为8.24%,第3三分位组观察对象中有17例患者,患病率为9.71%。多元线性回归在校正了混杂因素后结果显示,孕前baPWV值每增加1m/s,分娩前收缩压增加0.02mm Hg(P=0.638)。多元Logistic回归分析结果显示,在校正多项混杂因素后,不同孕前baPWV水平对妊娠期高血压疾病的发生没有影响。结论孕前baPWV可能不是发生妊娠期高血压疾病的影响因素。
The essential function of IL-33 in metabolic regulation

Interleukin-33(IL-33) is produced by various types of cells under physical or pathological conditions.As a multifunctional partner in health and disease, current evidence reveals that IL-33 also participates in several metabolic processes.IL-33 has been proven to contribute to regulating the activity of ST2+ group 2 innate lymphoid cells and regulatory T cells in adipose, which leads to the shift of insulin sensitivity and glucose clearance in glucose metabolism, thermogenesis, and adipocyte beiging in adipose metabolism.In this review, we briefly summarize the biological characteristics of Il-33 and discuss its regulatory function in glucose and adipose metabolism.By clarifying the underlying mechanism of IL-33, we highlight the crosstalk between immune response and metabolic processes mediated by IL-33.
动静脉内瘘经皮腔内血管成形术麻醉镇痛的研究进展

动静脉内瘘经皮腔内血管成形术是纠正内瘘狭窄的重要手术方式,且临床中需要反复操作,但操作过程中的疼痛给患者带来了较大困扰,影响了治疗的依从性。本文结合文献和作者的经验,综述了临床中常用的几种麻醉方式及各自的优缺点,希望给血管通路医生提供参考。
FIGO 2018年子宫颈癌分期的重要更正提示

国际妇产科联盟(FIGO)子宫颈癌分期一直以来都是妇科肿瘤临床诊疗中采用的主要分期系统,FIGO 2009年分期主要以医师的临床查体作为分期依据,在9年的临床应用过程中发现了诸多不足之处,已不能很好地发挥指导治疗选择和预测预后的作用。FIGO妇科肿瘤学委员会在主席Neerja Bhatla的带领下,于2016年开始着手子宫颈癌分期的修订工作,最终于2018年10月在巴西里约热内卢召开的第22届FIGO世界妇产科大会上发布了子宫颈癌的新分期标准(FIGO 2018),并同时发表于2018年10月的国际妇产科杂志(Int J Gynecol Obstet)。新分期对旧分期(FIGO 2009)进行了补充和修改,增加了影像学检查和病理学检查参与分期,对肿瘤大小的分层更加细化,并且将淋巴结转移纳入了分期,体现了子宫颈癌近年来的诊治进展,更符合当下的临床实践需求。
胎儿游离DNA预测自发性早产研究进展

自发性早产约占全部分娩总数的10%,且发生率逐年升高,是造成新生儿患病和死亡的主要原因之一,也是严重影响围产儿预后的主要因素。在存活的早产儿中,约有1/4合并严重或难治性疾病,其造成了沉重的社会和家庭负担,但发病机制不明。目前,有关自发性早产的预测和发病机制的研究持续升温,但尚缺乏有临床循证医学证据的治疗方法以及有针对性的预测标志物。以往的研究及假说认为,早产的发生是分娩提前启动所致,这一病理过程涉及复杂的多系统相互作用,最终导致子宫收缩和绒毛-蜕膜之间的接触面分离,此时胎盘的屏障功能受到严重破坏,释放大量的不良因子和囊泡类成分进入母体。因此,检测进入母体中的胎儿相关标志物为自发性早产的预测开辟了新的思路。
2020年美国妇产科医师学会和美国妇科腔镜医师协会《子宫腔内病变的宫腔镜诊治专家共识》解读

宫腔镜具有直视下可全面观察子宫腔形态、准确定位病变、创伤小、患者恢复快等优势,目前已成为子宫腔疾病不可替代的诊疗方法。进入21世纪以来,宫腔镜在中国以及国际妇科领域得到了极为广泛的推广和应用。随着宫腔镜临床研究的深入开展,宫腔镜诊疗理念的不断提升,体现在对患者的诊治更加高效、对围手术期管理更加细致、对手术并发症的预防更加规范。2020年美国妇产科医师学会(ACOG)和美国妇科腔镜医师协会(AAGL)共同回顾了现有的研究证据,在2018年推广实施的宫腔镜技术规范(technology assessment)基础上,联合制订修正为《子宫腔内病变的宫腔镜诊治专家共识》(简称"共识"),该共识针对宫腔镜围手术期管理、并发症及防治等给出一系列推荐和建议。现将共识的内容以及对我们临床诊疗的指导意义予以解读。
北京某社区成年体检人群代谢综合症流行现状分析

目的了解某社区成年体检人群代谢综合征(MS)的检出率及其分布特征。方法选取2018年参加体检的成年人群共计3958人为研究对象,收集年龄、性别、身高、体重、腰围、空腹血糖、血脂、血压等数据,比较MS、MS单项在各年龄段、不同性别体检人群中的检出率;以年龄、性别、BMI为协变量,MS为因变量,对MS相关因素进行logistic回归分析。结果MS检出率为15.69%,中心性肥胖检出率为13.04%,超重或肥胖检出率为51.62%,高血压检出率为36.91%,血TG升高检出率为24.13%,高血糖检出率为17.56%,HDL-C降低检出率为10.76%。中年组TG升高水平、检出率和高血压的检出率较高。BMI、腰围、血糖水平随年龄增长呈显著性增高。Logistic回归分析结果显示,性别、年龄及BMI是MS的危险因素。结论对不同易感人群制定有针对性的宣传教育,倡导健康生活方式,预防MS的发生,提高居民的生活质量。
晚期癌症患者问题提示列表的引入与修订

目的对晚期癌症患者问题提示列表(QPL-AC)进行汉化,为促进晚期癌症患者参与医患沟通提供辅助工具。方法对QPLAC进行汉化,使用德尔菲专家咨询法和患者认知性访谈法进行文化调适,抽取60例晚期癌症患者进行可行性评估调查。结果11名专家参与咨询,2轮函询专家积极系数达100%,权威系数0.91,肯德尔协调系数为0.164(P<0.01);55例(91.67%)患者参与可行性评估,患者认为“癌症与预后”“抗癌治疗无效时”及“为以后做准备”主题下条目会引起不悦,但50例(90.91%)患者认为中文版QPL-AC具有可理解性与可利用性。结论QPL-AC的引入需要根据文化语境进行调适,中文版QPL-AC经过修订后具有良好的可行性,可用于辅助晚期癌症患者进行医患沟通。
Interval analysis of rotor dynamic response based on Chebyshev polynomials

Uncertainty is extensively involved in the rotor systems of rotating machinery, which may cause an unstable vibrational response. To take the uncertainty into consideration for the uncertain rotor-bearing system, an improved unified interval analysis method based on the Chebyshev expansion is established in this paper. Firstly, the Chebyshev Interval Method (CIM) to calculate not only the critical speeds but also the dynamic response of rotor with uncertain parameters is introduced. Then, the numerical investigation is carried out based on the developed double disk rotor model and computation procedure, and the results demonstrate the validity. But when the uncertainty is sufficiently large to influence critical speeds, the upper and lower bounds are far from the actual bounds. In order to overcome the defects, a Bound Correction Interval analysis Method (BCIM) is proposed based on the Chebyshev expansion and the modal superposition. In use of the improved method, the bounds of the interval responses, especially the upper bound, are corrected, and the comparison with other methods demonstrates that the higher accuracy and a wider application range.
经皮穿刺抽取大鼠脑脊液方法的改良

目的:改进传统经皮穿刺抽取脑脊液的方法,提高采集大鼠脑脊液动物存活率。方法:90只SD大鼠随机分为对照组、传统穿刺组和改良穿刺组(每组30只)。对照组不进行穿刺。传统穿刺组按反握抓持法进行穿刺取样。改良穿刺组采用左手固定大鼠头部,将其抬高至约135°,右手正握改良1ml注射器,以枕骨隆突和第一颈椎为标志定位枕骨大孔,在枕骨大孔中心偏下平行进针,抽取脑脊液。分别于第1、4、7日抽取大鼠脑脊液,每次抽取记录取样时间、采集量、脑脊液性状,抽取后3d观察大鼠存活情况,选取存活大鼠进行重复采样。结果:传统经皮穿刺取样法采样成功率为63.33%,三次重复采样动物存活率为10%;改良经皮穿刺取样法采样成功率为86.67%,三次重复采样动物存活率为50%,相比传统采样有显著升高(P<0.01)。结论:改良经皮穿刺取样法操作简单,耗时少,成功率高。操作无需定位设备,单人可以完成。动物反复取样存活率高,方便进行脑脊液重复采样。
Coronavirus Disease 2019 versus Influenza A in Children: An Observational Control Study in China

This study aimed to understand the differences in clinical, epidemiological, and laboratory features between the new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 2019) and influenza A in children. Data of 23 hospitalized children with COVID-19 (9 boys, 5.7 ± 3.8 years old) were compared with age- and sexmatched 69 hospitalized and 69 outpatient children with influenza A from a hospital in China. The participants' epidemiological history, family cluster, clinical manifestations, and blood test results were assessed. Compared with either inpatients or outpatients with influenza A, children with COVID-19 showed significantly more frequent family infections and higher ratio of low fever (< 37.3 ℃), but shorter cough and fever duration, lower body temperature, and lower rates of cough, fever, high fever (> 39 ℃), nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, sore throat, vomiting, myalgia or arthralgia, and febrile seizures. They also showed higher counts of lymphocytes, T lymphocyte CD8, and platelets and levels of cholinesterase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and lactic acid, but lower serum amyloid, C-reactive protein, and fibrinogen levels and erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and shorter prothrombin time. The level of alanine aminotransferase in children with COVID-19 is lower than that in inpatients but higher than that in outpatients with influenza A. Pediatric COVID-19 is associated with more frequent family infection, milder symptoms, and milder immune responses relative to pediatric influenza A.
Autonomous Vessel Scheduling

This study deals with an autonomous vessel scheduling problem when collaboration exists between port operators and an autonomous vessel company. A mixedinteger nonlinear programming model is developed, including decisions in assigning autonomous vessels to berths at each port and the optimal arrival time of each vessel at each port in an entire autonomous shipping network. This study aims to minimize the total cost of fuel consumption and the delay penalty of an autonomous vessel company. The nonlinear programming model is linearized and further solved using off-the-shelf solvers. Several experiments are conducted to test the effectiveness of the model and to draw insights for commercializing autonomous vessels. Results show that a company may speed up an autonomous vessel with short-distance voyage once fuel price decreases to gain additional benefits.
Water-Flux Melting of Amphibolite in Paleozoic Leucogranite from the North Qinling,Central China:Implication for Post Collisional Setting

Paleozoic granites can provide important insights of crustal differentiation and collision process of the North Qinling terrane.The Dafanggou leucogranites that intruded in the Qinling Complex is a Paleozoic granite with zircon U-Pb age of 404±6.4 Ma(MSWD=0.13,n=9).The leucogranites display moderate SiO_2(68.4 wt.% to 71.7 wt.%)content and high Na_2O/K_2O(1.07 to 2.74)and Sr/Y(42 to 65)ratios,and low A/CNK(1.04 to 1.08)and Rb/Sr(0.09 to 0.16)ratios.Combined with negative εNd(t)(-10.4)and εHf(t)(-9.35 to -0.25)values and ancient TDM2 ages(1.2 to 1.7 Ga),suggesting the leucogranite are derived from ancient amphibolitic crust in the Qinling Group.In addition,the absence of coeval mafic igneous rocks or mafic enclaves occurred in the Dafanggou pluton and the low TZrn(~700 °C)of leucogranites preclude that the leucogranites derived from high temperature dehydration melting of amphibolite.Thus,we propose that the occurrence of the Dafanggou leucogranite indicates that water-flux melting of middle-lower crust in post-collision setting may be a potential model for the genesis of granites in collisional orogenic belt.
Connection between Mott physics and crystal structure in a series of transition metal binary compounds

The choice that a solid system "makes" when adopting a crystal structure (stable or metastable) is ultimately governed by the interactions between electrons forming chemical bonds. Here we analyze six prototypical binary transition metal compounds and shed light on the connection between Mott physics and the behavior of the energy as a function of the spatial arrangement of the atoms in these systems. Remarkably, we find that the main qualitative features of this complex behavior in the Mott phase of these systems can be traced back to the fact that the strong d-electron correlations influence substantially the charge transfer mechanism, which, in turn, controls the electrostatic interactions. This result advances our understanding of the influence of strong correlations on the crystal structure, opens a new avenue for extending structure prediction methodologies to strongly correlated materials, and paves the way for predicting and studying metastability and polymorphism in these systems.
Is the electrodeposition of metals really epitaxial in battery anodes?

The planar electrodeposition of the metal anode decreases the contact area between the electrode and electrolyte, thus mitigating interfacial side reactions and benefiting the battery performance. However, the propensity of metals to form rough, irregular and nonplanar electrodeposits at liquid-solid interfaces is a barrier to high-energy, rechargeable batteries that use metal anodes. Zheng et al. reported an epitaxial mechanism to regulate the nucleation, growth, planar electrodeposition and reversibility of metal anodes. The authors claimed the reversible epitaxial electrodeposition of zinc (Zn), which is a safe, low-cost and energy-dense battery anode material, on graphene with a low lattice mismatch for Zn. For determining crystallographic orientation relationship, unfortunately, they failed to present convincing evidence by employing scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and grazing incident X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) characterization techniques. According to their GIXRD patterns, actually, we found that the Zn deposits on graphene sheets are nearly of random orientation. None of their metal electrodeposits can be considered epitaxial. Here, we argue over the conclusions and the methodology presented in Zheng's paper, and clarify some facts to mitigate the misleading to the scientific community and the public readers by the work from Zheng and co-authors.
Human spinal reflex like strain-controlled power devices based on piezotronic effect

With the development of information technology, AI system and Internet of Things (IOT) technology, it is a long-term challenge to realize the automate actions of power devices in unexpected environmental changes. In recent years, many efforts had been reported to develop new intelligent power devices. Among them, III-V material alloys with semiconductor and piezotronic effect had been proved to be a very effective solution for power electronics application problems. Since the piezotronic effect has been proposed by Prof. Zhong Lin Wang, it is proved the important application potential in the field of design and application of semiconductor optoelectronic devices. By using the adjustment of piezoelectric potential at the interface of semiconductor-metal or heterojunction, we can use strain or deformation to adjust the performance of electronic devices, or prepare new types of pressure sensor. For example, the high resolution pressure distribution sensor arrays had been designed by adjusting the performance of organic light-emitting diode (OLED) or field-effect-transistor (FET) arrays. These kinds of sensors need complex external circuits to read information, so it is difficult to achieve real-time feedback controlling.
Sn/Pb binary metal inorganic perovskite: a true material worthy of trust for efficient and stable photovoltaic application

The growing global demand for energy makes it essential to develop alternatives to fossil fuels with the aim to solve the issue of the upcoming energy supply shortage and the effect of climate change. Renewable energies with the featuring of inexhaustible natural source are the key for the modern industry's future in which solar energy in particular is one of the most promising segments. Perovskite solar cells (PSCs), which employ ABX3 halide perovskites (where X is halogen anions, A is monovalent cation (methylammonium (MA~+), formamdinium (FA~+) or Cs~+), and B can be Pb~(2+) or Sn~(2+)) as light absorbers, have emerged as disruptive photovoltaic technology. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic–inorganic hybrid PSCs has increased sharply to a current certificated value of 25.2% (https://www.nrel.gov/pv/cellefficiency. html, accessed: April 2020), surpassing most of efficient thin-film solar cells such as CdTe or Cu(In, Ga)Se2 solar cell. However, we have noticed the preference of most reports is on high- PCE in the research filed of perovskite photovoltaics. This has become a photovoltaic pandemic that continues to rage without relief. Undoubtably, a high reproducibility of fabrication of perovskite solar cells might benefit the successful commercialization of this emerging technology.
The new era for organic solar cells: non-fullerene small molecular acceptors

Organic solar cells (OSCs) is a promising renewable energy technology as their prospect in producing large-area photovoltaic modules via low-cost roll-to-roll processing and their widespread application including photovoltaic farms, building integration, and portable electronics, etc.. The key component of an OSC is its photoactive layer, which is a bulk-heterojunction blend of an electron donor and an electron acceptor. The electron donors are p-type semi-conducting conjugated polymers or small molecules, and the electron acceptors were predominated by fullerene derivatives in OSC history. The power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of fullerene-based OSCs have been promoted to ≈11% via ~20 years of effort by researchers all over the world. After that, the fullerene-based OSCs have encountered bottlenecks in both device performance and stability due to the intrinsic drawbacks of fullerene acceptors including poor light-harvesting ability, difficulty in energy level control, and photon-induced dimerization, etc.
Genes and speciation: is it time to abandon the biological species concept?

The biological species concept (BSC) is the cornerstone of neo-Darwinian thinking. In BSC, species do not exchange genes either during or after speciation. However, as gene flow during speciation is increasingly being reported in a substantial literature, it seems time to reassess the revered, but often doubted, BSC. Contrary to the common perception, BSC should expect substantial gene flow at the onset of speciation, not least because geographical isolation develops gradually. Although BSC does not stipulate how speciation begins, it does require a sustained period of isolation for speciation to complete its course. Evidence against BSC must demonstrate that the observed gene flow does not merely occur at the onset of speciation but continues until its completion. Importantly, recent genomic analyses cannot reject this more realistic version of BSC, although future analyses may still prove it wrong. The ultimate acceptance or rejection of BSC is not merely about a historical debate; rather, it is about the fundamental nature of species - are species (and, hence, divergent adaptations) driven by a relatively small number of genes, or by thousands of them? Many levels of biology,ranging from taxonomy to biodiversity, depend on this resolution.
Experimental and numerical study of the airflow and thermal characteristic of non-uniform transpired solar collector

A transpired solar-collector is a device, which is attached to building walls, that uses solar energy to provide preheated fresh outdoor-air before it is drawn into the building through the ventilation system.A transpired collector consists of a heat-collection plate with infiltration holes, an air layer, an air outlet, and other auxiliary components.A transpired solar collector with non-uniform holes is investigated in this paper, and a physical model for it is developed.The model is then simplified to enable effective simulation and subsequently verified by experiments to evaluate the reliability of the simulation results.Furthermore, a multi-factor sensitivity analysis of a transpired solar collector, with respect to airflow and thermal characteristics, is performed using a numerical simulation.In addition, the application of the device is combined with the thermal requirements of the actual building.The results show that the air-layer thickness has the strongest effect on the heat-collection efficiency, which can be increased to 93% when thickness is 30 mm and height ratio is 0.30.This effect is obvious only in the case of non-uniform perforation.Although a high air-velocity can increase the daily heat-exchange by 595.2 W, the average daily air-supply temperature decreases by 34.2 °C.Even though the temperature-target may not be reached when more fresh air is introduced, the reduction of the fresh air heating-load is substantial.
Effects of arrangement of surge-root irrigation emitters on growth,yield and water use efficiency of apple trees

Six-year old apple trees were selected for field experiment.The objective of this study was to obtain the reasonable arrangement of surge -root irrigation emitters in apple orchards.There were three factors:the buried depth H(25,40,55 cm),the horizontal distance L(30,40,60 cm)between the emitters and the trunk of the experimental tree,and the number of the irrigation emitters N(1,2,4).The effect of the arrangement of surge-root irrigation emitters on the growth,yield and irrigation water use efficiency(IWUE)of apple trees were studied in Northern Shaanxi where the irrigation quota takes 60%-75% of the field water capacity.The results showed that the arrangement of emitters for surge-root irrigation had a significant effect on apple tree yield and IWUE,especially,the yield and IWUE reached 28 388.17 kg/hm~2 and 16.83 kg/m~3 in treatment T3,respectively.At the same L and N levels(T1,T2,and T3),the yield and IWUE in treatment T3 were the highest,and the yields in treatments T1 and T2 were decreased by 26.22% and 31.48%,while IWUE is reduced by 14.02% and 18.12% compared with T3,respectively.At the same H and N levels(T3,T4,and T5),the yield and IWUE of apple trees were decreased with increasing L level.Especially,when L was 30 cm(T3),the yield and IWUE were the highest.The same L and H levels(T3,T6,and T7)could promote the growth of apple trees when N was 2(T3).Compared with treatment T3,it was found that the increment of new shoots was decreased by 8.07%-18.71%,and the fruit diameter was decreased by 5.41%-9.11%.Therefore,two emitters should be arranged symmetrically on both sides of an apple tree,each was buried at a 40 cm depth and 30 cm away from the trunk of the tree to effectively improve the yield and IWUE of the apple tree in mountainous areas in Northern Shaanxi.
Can non-standard recombination resolve the Hubble tension?

The inconsistent Hubble constant values derived from cosmic microwave background(CMB)observations and from local distance-ladder measurements may suggest new physics beyond the standard ΛCDM paradigm.It has been found in earlier studies that,at least phenomenologically,non-standard recombination histories can reduce the ≳ 4σ Hubble tension to ≳ 2σ.Following this path,we vary physical and phenomenological parameters in RECFAST,the standard code to compute ionization history of the universe,to explore possible physics beyond standard recombination.We find that the CMB constraint on the Hubble constant is sensitive to the hydrogen ionization energy and 2s → 1s two-photon decay rate,both of which are atomic constants,and is insensitive to other details of recombination.Thus,the Hubble tension is very robust against perturbations of recombination history,unless exotic physics modifies the atomic constants during the recombination epoch.
Flow and magnetic structures in a kinematic ABC-dynamo

Dynamo theory describes the magnetic field induced by the rotating,convecting and electrically conducting fluid in a celestial body.The classical ABC-flow model represents fast dynamo action,required to sustain such a magnetic field.In this letter,Lagrangian coherent structures(LCSs)in the ABC-flow are detected through Finite-time Lyapunov exponents(FTLE).The flow skeleton is identified by extracting intersections between repelling and attracting LCSs.For the case A=B=C=1,the skeleton structures are made up from lines connecting two different types of stagnation points in the ABC-flow.The corresponding kinematic ABC-dynamo problem is solved using a spectral method,and the distribution of cigar-like magnetic structures visualized.Inherent links are found to exist between LCSs in the ABC-flow and induced magnetic structures,which provides insight into the mechanism behind the ABC-dynamo.