mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Chloropyrula uraliensis gen. et sp. nov. (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta), a new green coccoid alga with a unique ultrastructure, isolated from soil in South Urals

Soil hosts diverse communities of photosynthetic eukaryotes (algae) that have not yet been fully explored. Here we describe an interesting coccoid green alga isolated from a soil sample from a forest-steppe in South Urals (Bashkortostan, Russia) that, based on a phylogenetic analysis of 18S rRNA gene sequence, appears to represent a new phylogenetic lineage related to the genus Leptosira within the class Trebouxiophyceae. This new alga is characterized by uninucleate cells with a shape ranging from spherical to ellipsoid or egg-like, occurring solitary or more often grouped in irregular masses or colonies. Remarkably, cells with a characteristic pyriform shape are encountered in cultures grown on a solid medium. The cells harbour a single pyrenoid-lacking parietal chloroplast with the margin undulated or forming finger-like projections; in mature cells the chloroplast becomes divided by deep incisions into more or less separate lobes. Transmission electron microscopy of vegetative cells revealed an unprecedented structure in the form of a cluster of microfibrils located in the cytoplasm near the plasma membrane, often appressed to the chloroplast. Reproduction takes place via autospores or biflagellated zoospores. The unique suite of characters of our isolate distinguishes it from previously described coccoid green algae and suggests that it should be classified as a new species in a new genus; we propose it be named Chloropyrula uraliensis.
食用糯大麦新品种—甘垦5号

甘垦5号(原代号:垦啤黑糯1号)是甘肃省农垦农业研究院选育的黑色食用糯大麦新品种,2011年通过甘肃省科技厅鉴定,2012年通过甘肃省非主要农作物品种认定(甘认麦2012001)。该品种支链淀粉含量高,加工品质较好,是国内选育的第一个糯大麦新品种。
消化系统症状为首发的甲状旁腺腺瘤1例

讨论原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症以骨、肾病变为主要临床特征，诊断主要依据临床表现及生化检查。超声、CT及MRI主要用于明确诊断后，为手术医师了解腺瘤与其周围组织结构的关系提供解剖信息。~(99m)Tc-MIBI核素显像是诊断本病较为有效的辅助手段。本例超声、CT及MRI均提示甲状腺占位， 无法定性诊断;~(99m)Tc-MIBI双时相显像均可见右叶甲状腺下部占位病灶处高摄取~(99m)Tc-MIBI，且随时间延长逐渐清晰，符合甲状旁腺腺瘤表现。本病涉及多个系统，临床表现不典型，最常见的是骨痛及反复发作的泌尿系结石。本例以恶心、呕吐等消化道症状为主，导致半年来一直误诊为胃炎而延误治疗，提示消化科医师需提高对本病的认识。
人体单关节肌群极限功率发展与保持能力研究进展

本研究综述了肌肉功率的测评方法与监测肌肉动态工作疲劳中功率输出变化表面肌电参数的演变历程,分析了现有研究存在的主要问题,并探讨了肌肉等张极限功率发展与保持能力的测评条件与原理。为使人体单关节肌群极限功率的研究更贴近于人体日常行为动作,建议应用等张测试系统向心/离心的等张测量模式对人体单关节肌群极限功率发展与保持能力进行定量评价,阻力设置为非爆发式静力性测量模式下50%等长峰值力矩;推荐选用小波变换法提取瞬时频率参数监测肌肉等张极限功率的输出变化,以明确人体下肢单关节肌群极限功率发展与保持能力的影响因素与变化特征。
温度对土壤吸附有机肥中可溶性有机碳、氮的影响

可溶性有机碳、氮(Soluble organic carbon or nitrogen，SOC和SON)可被土壤吸附。土壤可溶性有机碳、氮组分复杂，土壤对可溶性有机物吸附的不均一性会导致可溶性有机物组分的变化，大部分疏水性化合物被吸附，而亲水性化合物被释放进入溶液中。因此，可溶性有机碳、氮在土壤中的吸附，直接影响其在土壤-水系统中的迁移和行为。林地土壤中含有相当数量的可溶性有机养分，因此，关于林地土壤对可溶性有机养分的吸附特性，国外研究者已开展了不少研究。研究表明，可溶性有机碳吸附特性与土壤性质如pH、表面积、有机碳、铁铝氧化物和黏粒含量等因素有关。关于农业土壤对可溶性有机碳的吸附特性的影响，国内也开展了一些研究，主要集中在pH、铁铝氧化物含量等对吸附影响方面。
误诊为“不全性肠梗阻”的甲状旁腺功能亢进症并高钙危象、甲旁亢肾病、骨质疏松1例

原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症(primary hyperparathyroidism,PHPT)在临床较少见,其临床表现多样,缺乏特征性,容易导致误诊。现报道1例误诊为"不全性肠梗阻"的甲状旁腺功能亢进症并高钙危象、甲旁亢肾病、骨质疏松病例。
主动脉-左室隧道1例报道

主动脉-左室隧道(aortic-left ventricular tunnel,ALVT)是一种少见的先天性心脏畸形,存在于主动脉与左心室之间的异常通道。本例患者在此基础上还合并左冠瓣左交界点下移畸形实属罕见。该类疾病尽早做出诊断,并及时手术纠治,效果较为满意。
超敏C反应蛋白、白细胞介素-6和粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子测定在肺炎支原体肺炎患儿中的作用

目的探讨血清超敏CRP（hs-CRP）、IL-6和粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（GM-CSF）水平在肺炎支原体肺炎（MPP）患儿病情及疗效评估中的作用。方法收集MPP患儿60例为MPP组，选取同期体检的30例健康儿童为健康对照组。应用放射免疫法和免疫比浊法检测2组儿童血清hs-CRP、IL-6和GM-CSF水平。结果与健康对照组比较，MPP组患儿血清hs-CRP、IL-6和GM-ESF水平均显著升高（P均<0.05）；MPP组患儿治疗前临床肺部感染评分≤6分者与>6分者比较，hs-CRP、IL-6和GM-ESF水平显著增高，差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.05）；治疗前MPP患儿血清hs-CRP、IL-6和GM-ESF水平明显高于治疗后水平，差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.05）。MPP患儿血清hs-CRP水平与IL-6、GM-CSF水平呈正相关（r=0.6012、0.5784，P均<0.01）。结论血清hs-CRP、IL-6和GM-CSF参与肺炎支原体感染的全过程，监测这些细胞因子的变化有助于诊断、治疗和预后。
中国黑碳气溶胶排放量及其空间分布

基于国家统计数据、国内最新实测排放因子数据和更符合中国实际情况的机动车排放因子模型计算了中国大陆(不包含港澳台地区)2008年黑碳气溶胶排放清单，并建立0.5°×0.5°的黑碳排放空间分布图.2008年中国大陆黑碳排放总量为160.494×10~4t.其中工业源和居民生活消费源是最主要的贡献者，分别为69.503×10~4和63.602×10~4t，占总量的82.9%;交通运输黑碳排放量为19.463×10~4t，贡献了总量的12.1%;但不同省市各行业源贡献比例差异显著，可分为工业源贡献区、居民生活源贡献区、工业源和居民生活源共同贡献区，以及交通源贡献区.从能源类型看，黑碳主要来源于煤炭和生物燃料燃烧，分别占51.0%和32.2%.黑碳排放空间分布不均匀，呈东高西低的趋势，与区域经济发展情况和农村人口密度一致;其中高排放量地区以全国总面积的5.7%贡献了总排放量的41.2%，山西、河北、山东、河南以及四川等地具有较高的排放量.
改善锂离子电池正极材料LiNi_(l/3)Co_(l/3)Mn_(l/3)O_2性能的方法

锂离子二次电池新型正极材料的开发是当前研究的热点之一.三元材料作为一种新型的锂离子正极材料，以其比容量高、嵌脱锂电位高和振实密度高等特性，受到研究者的广泛关注.其理论容量为277.8mAh/g，具有α-NaFeO_2型层状岩盐结构.本文对该材料结构性能进行了简单概述;重点论述了针对改善其阳离子混排、大电流容量衰减和过渡金属溶出问题的制备和改性方法;讨论分析了各种合成方法的制备工艺及所得材料的电化学性能;总结了目前对该材料重点关注问题的研究现状，最后对层状三元正极材料的发展进行了展望.
Electronic structure and properties of FeS_2 with the space groups of Pa3 and P1

The electronic structure and properties of FeS_2 with the space groups of Pa3 and P1 were studied by the density functional theory. The generalized-gradient approximation exchange-correlation functional was used in conjunction with a plane wave-ultrasoft pseudopotential representation. Calculation results show that differences are observed in electronic structures and properties between Pa3 and P1 crystals. The band gap and energy loss of P1 are smaller than those of Pa3 crystal, while the dielectric constant, conductivity, refractive index, extinction coefficient, and intensity of optical absorption of P1 are larger than those of Pa3. These behaviors are attributed to the differences in symmetry, atomic arrangement, and Mulliken bond population of each unit for Pa3 and P1 crystals.
Mathematical model of the direct reduction of dust composite pellets containing zinc and iron

Direct reduction of dust composite pellets containing zinc and iron was examined by simulating the conditions of actual production process of a rotary hearth furnace (RHF) in laboratory. A mathematical model was constructed to study the reduction kinetics of iron oxides and ZnO in the dust composite pellets. It was validated by comparing the calculated values with experimental results. The effects of furnace temperature, pellet radius, and pellet porosity on the reduction were investigated by the model. It is shown that furnace temperature has obvious influence on both of the reduction of iron oxides and ZnO, but the influence of pellet radius and porosity is much smaller. Model calculations suggest that both of the reduction of iron oxides and ZnO are under mixed control with interface reactions and Boudouard reaction in the early stage, but only with interface reactions in the later stage.
A Brief Study on the Ignition of the Non-Thermal Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet from a Double Dielectric Barrier Conflgured Plasma Pencil

To understand the self sustained propagation of the plasma jet/bullet in air under atmospheric pressure, the ignition of the plasma jet/bullet, the plasma jet/bullet ignition point in the plasma pencil, the formation time and the formation criteria from a dielectric barrier conflgured plasma pencil were investigated in this study. The results were conflrmed by comparing these results with the plasma jet ignition process in the plasma pencil without a dielectric barrier. Electrical, optical, and imaging techniques were used to study the formation of the plasma jet from the ignition of discharge in a double dielectric barrier conflgured plasma pencil. The investigation results show that the plasma jet forms at the outlet of the plasma pencil as a donut shaped discharge front because of the electric fleld line along the outlet’s surface. It is shown that the required time for the formation of the plasma jet changes with the input voltage of the discharge. The input power calculation for the gap discharge and for the whole system shows that 56% of the average input power is used by the flrst gap discharge. The estimated electron density inside the gap discharge is in the order of 10~(11)cm~(-3). If helium is used as a feeding gas, a minimum 1.48×10~(-8)C charge is required per pulse in the gap discharge to generate a plasma jet.
加味桂芍四妙汤配合中药外洗治疗复发性霉菌性阴道炎临床观察

目的观察自拟加味桂芍四妙汤配合中药外洗治疗复发性霉菌性阴道炎的临床疗效。方法将符合复发性霉菌性阴道炎标准的80例患者随机分为治疗组40例,采用自拟加味桂芍四妙汤配合中药熏蒸外洗;对照组40例口服酮康唑胶囊,外用制霉菌阴道栓治疗。结果治疗组临床总有效率优于对照组(P<0.05),并且随访发现治疗组复发率也明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论加味桂芍四妙汤配合中药外洗治疗复发性霉菌性阴道炎疗效显著。
芪草地黄汤治疗原发性肾病综合征的疗效及对患者尿蛋白定量及肾功能的影响

肾病综合征是由多种原因引起的以大量蛋白尿、低蛋白血症、高脂血症和水肿为主要特点的一组临床症候群。根据发病原因和机制临床上可以分为原发性肾病综合征和继发性肾病综合征两种。原发性肾病综合症发病原因和机制尚不清楚,多发于儿童和青少年,是临床常见病和多发病。西医治疗原发性肾病综合症主要以激素抗炎、抑制免疫损伤为主,但复发率很高。我院肾内科近年来在常规药物治疗的基础上加用芪草地黄汤治疗原发性肾病综合征,取得了不错的临床疗效。现报道如下。
崇左金花茶的氨基酸成分研究

对崇左金花茶的幼叶和花蕾氨基酸成分进行分析,并与其他金花茶品种进行对比。结果表明崇左金花茶的幼叶和花蕾中氨基酸的组成与含量有明显差别,花蕾中各种氨基酸含量均高于幼叶中氨基酸的含量。与其他金花茶幼叶比较,崇左金花茶幼叶的氨基酸含量低于金花茶、长柱金花茶、显脉金花茶、毛瓣金花茶,与东兴金花茶的氨基酸含量较为接近,具有一定开发利用合理价值。
牛皮与象皮方生肌膏治疗溃疡伤口脓液生化研究

目的通过取伤口流出的脓液进行总氨基酸、总蛋白质、溶菌酶活性三项指标的生化分析看牛皮方生肌膏是否能代替象皮方生肌膏。方法取27只造模成功家兔,随机分为3组,每组9只。一组为空白对照组,伤口不给药,任其自然愈合;一组为生肌象皮膏组,伤口涂抹象皮方生肌膏;一个组为牛皮的生肌膏组,伤口涂抹牛皮方生肌膏。分别于开始给药的第4天、第8天、第12天、第16天收集3个实验组动物伤口流出的脓液根据脓液生化检测指标结果综合判断。结果象皮方生肌膏与牛皮方生肌膏对疮疡动物模型均有较好的疗效,在生化分析各方面并无显著性差别。结论此研究结果表明以黄牛皮代替象皮制备的牛皮方生肌膏,确实可替代生肌象皮膏。
天津中医药大学2008—2012年获国家自然科学基金资助项目情况分析

天津中医药大学(以下简称”我校”)历来高度重视国家自然科学基金资助项目(以下简称”科学基金项目”)的申报、运行及结题管理,并结合自身学科布局特点及学科发展战略,形成了针对性较强的科学基金规范化管理方法。近年来,我校在科学基金的资助下,基础研究水平得到较快发展。本文通过对2008—2012年我校科学基金项目申请、立项以及科技骨干职称、学位、年龄的全面分析,以期了解学校承担科学基金的特点、发展趋势,探索我校基础研究发展的上升空间,针对薄弱环节加强内涵建设,有的放矢地提高科研管理水平。
藻类免疫防御的研究进展

植物为了抵抗外界各种病原菌或非病原菌的刺激, 形成了自身的一套免疫系统。一直以来, 人们认为藻类不像高等动植物能够利用自身受体介导的免疫来防御外来病原菌的侵袭, 也没有执行先天性免疫的专一细胞, 藻类对于病原微生物的免疫防御更多只是机体固有结构性的化学防御, 这种防御是不能调节的, 但经过进一步的研究发现, 藻类的防御是随时间或环境因素变化的, 说明环境因子的调节是存在的, 而且大量的证据显示藻类中存在病原激活的防御, 并和高等动植物一样, 存在着相同的第一信使和防御激活的第二信使, 以及受到病原菌刺激后所激活的细胞生物学效应。这些证据说明不同藻类中也存在着先天性免疫。
新疆地区Rickettsia raoultii分子流行病学研究

Rickettsia(R.) raoultii是一种新发现的斑点热群立克次体(spotted fever group Rickettsiae),为胞内革兰阴性菌,主要通过蜱叮咬传播。其分布广泛,目前已从13个国家和地区的革蜱(D. silmmm)等10种蜱中检出。近期研究表明, R. raoultii 是蜱致淋巴结病(tick-borne lymphadenopathy, TIBOLA)的潜在病原。我国新疆地区地域广阔,生境多样,蜱种丰富且数量众多。境内天山山地、伊犁山地及阿勒泰山地植被覆盖率高,广泛分布有森林革蜱、边缘革蜱(D. marginatus)和草原革蜱(D. nuttallii)等蜱种。本研究利用分子生物学方法,研究新疆北部阿尔泰山区的白哈巴地区、西部阿拉套山区的夏尔希里地区、中部天山山区的和硕乃仁克地区采集蜱中R.raoultii自然感染情况。
Investigation of the Evolutionary History of the Lyssaviruses

We report the results of evolutionary history estimation of the lyssaviruses based on an analysis of the Glycoprotein (G) sequences gene using the BEAST software package. The most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) of all the lyssavirus strains was estimated to be approximately 5030 years (95% HPD 3988-6069 years), and there was a significant spread of the rabies virus throughout the world range in the last 200 years, consistent with significant time points in development and migration of human civilizations. We speculate that increased and expansion of human migration during this time period may have promote the increase in lyssavirus diversity. In addition, evidence of host switching in lyssavirus history from the Chiroptera to the Carnivora orders was also identified.
美国加州大学洛杉矶分校临床微生物学实验室访问有感

中国临床微生物学实验室的人员少、实验室面积小、仪器设备陈旧,已严重影响临床感染性疾病的诊断和治疗。笔者将在美国加州大学洛杉矶分校(University of California,Los Angeles,UCLA)临床微生物学实验室访问学习时的收获与思考整理如下。
7647名正常单胎妊娠孕中期孕妇AFP和β-hCG及uE3水平分析

唐氏综合征(Down's syndrome,DS)的发生率约占活产新生儿的1/700 ~ 1/800。现在,已广泛用甲胎蛋白(α fetoprotein, AFP)、人绒毛膜促性腺激素(β 亚单位(β-human chorionic gonadotropin, (β-hCG)、 雌三醇(unconjugated oestriol,uE3)蹄查孕中期 DS, 其阳性诊断孕妇所孕胎儿DS可达60% (58% ~ 82%),假阳性率为5%~10%。目前,国内有关正常孕妇上述3项指标的分布特征的报道较少。我们回顾性分析7647名正常单胎妊娠孕中期孕妇: AFP、β-hCG和uE3水平,以探讨其随孕周、年龄及体重变化的分布特征,并评价本实验室设立的正常孕妇3项指标中位数参数对DS筛查的临床应用意义。
经会阴高强度聚焦超声治疗前列腺增生症30例报告

良性前列腺增生(benign prostatic hyperplasia, BPH)患者常因高龄、身体状况较差、合并其他疾病不能耐受手术,对于这类患者传统的治疗方法是长期留置尿管、膀胱切开造瘘术或穿刺造瘘术,导致患者生活质量下降。为了解决这一难题,我们自2009年12月起采用经会阴高强度聚焦超声(High intensity focused ultrasound, HIFU)治疗这类病人30例并取得较好疗效,现报告如下。
双侧孤立性可逆性舌下神经麻痹与发作性头痛一例

孤立性舌下神经麻痹属于临床罕见症状,病因诊断具有挑战性。国内外文献已报道多例单侧孤立性舌下神经麻痹, 主要病因包括、邻近血管压迫等,有一部分患者病因不明,罕见双侧孤立性舌下神经麻痹的报道。
关于成人癫痫患者长程管理的专家共识

癫痫是最常见而严重的神经系统疾病之一,已被世界卫生组织列入全球重点防治的五大神经精神疾病。流行病学调查显示,在我国癫痫患病率高达7‰,我国现有900万以上癫痫患者,而且还以每年新发40万?60万例的速度递增。癫痫致残率高,治愈困难,患者多需终生服药,疗程长。但临床上大多数癫痫患者治疗依从性差,擅自停药、减药、换药及拒服的比例高达67%,直接导致癫痫控制不佳, 给患者家庭和社会带来沉重负担。因此癫痫的药物治疗迫切需要长期规范化管理。鉴于此,我们讨论并提出成人癫痫长程管理的专家共识,以指导临床对癫痫患者更合理、规范化的长程治疗及随访。本文主要涉及女性和老年癫痫患者的长程管理问题。
血管肌纤维母细胞瘤超声表现2例

讨论血管肌纤维母细胞瘤(angiomyofibroblastoma, AMF)是一种少见的特殊类型的间叶肿瘤,因具有丰富的血管以及瘤细胞以肌纤维母细胞分化而命名,由Fletcher等于1992年首次报道。AMF多发生于育龄期女性,外阴部最常见,也可发生于阴道、阴蒂、宫颈或腹股沟区等少见部位;男性患者偶有发生,可位于阴囊、睾丸、精索、或腹股沟区。AMF临床表现无特殊性,绝大多数患者表现为缓慢增大的无痛性肿块,肿块大多呈圆形或椭圆形,多<5cm,生长缓慢。本组2例临床表现与以往文献报道相仿,均为体检发现而无明显临床症状和体征,而发病部位为少见部位。AMF属良性肿瘤,局部单纯切除即可治愈,一般不复发。本组1例已随访1年余,1例已随访2年,肿瘤均无复发。
羟乙基淀粉对短暂性脑缺血发作经颅多普勒超声脑血流变化的影响

目的探讨羟乙基淀粉对短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)经颅多普勒超声脑血流变化的影响。方法采用经颅多普勒超声(TCD)检测及对比分析72例TIA加用羟乙基淀粉(观察组)与未加用者(对照组)治疗前后大脑中动脉(MCA)、大脑前动脉(ACA)、双侧椎动脉(VA)及基底动脉(BA)平均血流速度(Vm)与临床疗效。以两组治疗7 d为统计界限。结果两组MCA、ACA、VA、BA治疗前Vm比较均无显著性差异(P>0.05),治疗后均较治疗前提高(P<0.05,P<0.01),但观察组治疗后较对照组提高更显著(P<0.05)。两组临床疗效比较差异较显著(P<0.05)。结论羟乙基淀粉可显著提高TIA者MCA、ACA、VA、BA血液流速及临床疗效。
外伤后肝梗死超声表现1例

讨论肝梗死是肝脏局部组织因血流阻断而引起的坏死,任何引起肝脏血流阻断又未建立有效的侧支循环,使局部肝组织缺血的因素均可导致梗死。肝脏有肝动脉与门静脉双重供血,所以不容易出现肝梗死,外伤后肝脏挫裂伤常见,而导致肝梗死的病例临床罕见。本例患儿为受重物砸伤后出现肝左外叶无血流,考虑为钝挫伤后血流阻断所致缺血后改变,同时肝右叶及左内叶呈回声增高表现,考虑为其血流灌注增多后的表现,结合随访3个月后,患儿复查超声为肝左外叶萎缩并仍无血流的超声表现,证实肝梗死的诊断。二维超声可显示肝脏实质灰阶改变,而彩色多普勒超声可以准确提示肝脏血流灌注情况,从而给予临床诊断提供依据。
药品上市许可人制度下的药品安全责任分配体系

针对当前我国药品研发者、生产者、经营者安全责任划分不清的问题,本文以国外药品上市许可人制度为借鉴,通过分析并采纳其药品安全责任分配体系设计上的合理要素,并结合我国国情,试图构建未来我国药品上市许可人制度下的药品安全责任分配体系。
国家标准《灰铸铁金相检验》解读

灰铸铁是指金相组织中石墨呈片状的铸铁。灰铸铁具有优良的铸造工艺性,断屑性好,适合高速切削;炉料要求相对宽松,熔化温度较低,生产简便、成本低;减震性、减摩性好,抗压强度高等特点,适合铸造薄壁、复杂铸件;故在铸造材料中的用量最大。
小腿穿支皮瓣的临床应用

小腿是临床上较为重要的皮瓣供区,可以切取皮瓣、肌皮瓣和骨瓣,既可以带蒂转移,也可以游离移植;既可以用于单纯修复创面,也可以携带感觉神经、重建皮瓣感觉。小腿相对腹部、背部和大腿等皮瓣供区来说,皮肤较薄,且柔韧性好,修复手、足部小创面有一定优势,但因小腿体积所限,切取皮瓣面积有限。最为常用的小腿穿支皮瓣为胫后动脉穿支皮瓣、腓动脉穿支皮瓣、腓肠内侧动脉穿支皮瓣、腓浅动脉穿支皮瓣和胫前动脉穿支皮瓣。下面就常用的小腿穿支皮瓣的解剖、适应证、手术方式和优缺点分别予以介绍。
修薄股前外侧皮瓣联合阔筋膜修复手和足部复合组织缺损

目的探讨修薄股前外皮瓣联合同侧阔筋膜条游离修复手和足背部复合性组织缺损的临床效果。方法根据创面的大小切取不带筋膜且修薄的股前外侧皮瓣,并将阔筋膜根据肌腱缺损的长度切取一定的长度和宽度,外翻对边缝合使呈管状,经过一定时间和强度的牵张,在手、足保持一定的位置后,将其与伸肌腱远、近端以一定的张力进行显微技术缝合,皮瓣游离后与受区血管、神经进行吻合。供区行中厚皮植皮打包。自2008年10月至2012年2月共治疗8例,手部5例,缺损肌腱16条;足部3例,缺损肌腱13条。皮肤缺损范围:13 cm×6 cm-16 cm×11 cm,切取皮瓣的面积为:12 cm×6 cm~19 cm×13 cm。结果本组8例,随访6~12个月,皮瓣全部成活,质地外观好。两点辨别觉为8-11mm。供区植皮全部成活。肌腱修复疗效按中华医学会手外科学会手部肌腱修复后评定标准:优3指、2趾,良7指、5趾,可4指、4趾,差2指、2趾。手腕部活动度(中立位法):56°-0°-32°。示、中、环、小指掌指关节活动范围:70°-5°-0°,近侧指间关节:80°-10°-0°,远侧指间关节60°-15°-0°;足踝部活动度:45°-0°-26°跖趾关节屈伸活动度35°-0°-40°。结论实施一期修薄的股前外侧皮瓣联合同侧阔筋膜游离修复手和足背侧复合性组织缺损,缩短手术时间及疗程,手和足背伸功能恢复满意,外形美观。
应用部分(足母)甲瓣急诊修复拇指末节缺损12例

目的探讨应用部分(足母)甲瓣急诊修复拇指末节缺损的临床效果。方法对于拇指甲床并两侧甲襞皮肤完全缺损,切取同侧(足母)趾腓侧2/3甲床,另取拇指桡背侧逆行岛状皮瓣作为拇指桡侧甲襞。如拇指末节残留一侧甲襞皮肤和少许甲床,遵循“缺多少,补多少”的原则,采用同侧或对侧(足母)甲瓣游离移植修复拇指缺损。吻合趾-指固有动脉、神经和趾-指背侧静脉。(足母)趾残留甲床、骨骼及皮肤软组织体于甲根部咬断骨骼,组织体旋转90°转移覆盖(足母)趾创面。急诊手术。结果术后12例(足母)甲瓣均顺利成活。术后经过8-24个月随访,再造拇指外形良好,持物时无疼痛,持物方便舒适,两点辨别觉5~10 mm。供区行走无影响,供区(足母)趾保留部分趾甲生长,外观良好。结论应用部分(足母)甲瓣急诊修复拇指末节缺损临床效果良好。
重视立体解剖在外科手术中的重要作用

关于解剖学的学习,每一个医学生最初在学校里最先接触到的是系统解剖学(系解),而后是局部解剖学(局解)。毕业后进入临床工作所学习的解剖学知识往往又来自于和局部解剖学紧密联系的手术学,但对很多基层医院医生而言,由于缺乏大量的操作机会而难以迅速提高水平。体会到单纯的系解或局解知识难以帮助其完成相关的手术操作。解剖学的发展其实就是从手术中来到手术中去的一个认识过程。很多解剖学前辈,例如奈特、莫尔和达利先生,他们出版的手术解剖学教材无不是将其多年的手术解剖感觉(主要是立体解剖学感觉)转化为平面图示而进行阐述。目前广泛使用的解剖学教材,绝大多数仍停留在简单的纸质文字和图示上面,不能够完全表达作者的全部解剖学知识,平面的纸质图文很难充分再现作者立体的细微的感觉。
对复杂性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的思考

最近几年,睡眠呼吸障碍(sleep disordered breathing,SDB)治疗中心的临床医生观察到一种特殊的现象:阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(obstructive sleep apnea syndrome,OSAS)的患者在接受持续正压通气(continuous positive airway pressure,CPAP)治疗的过程中,阻塞性呼吸暂停(obstructive sleep apnea,OSA)事件消除,但却出现暂时的或持续性的中枢性呼吸暂停(central sleep apnea,CSA)事件或周期性呼吸,这种现象被定义为“复杂性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征”(complex sleep apnea syndrome,CompSAS)。
Cosmc在IgA肾病致病机制中的研究新进展

IgA肾病是世界范围内尤其是亚洲地区最常见的导致慢性肾衰竭的原发肾小球疾病之一。IgA肾病远期预后并不乐观,成人随访20~30年后进入终末期肾脏病(ESRD)的比例甚至可以高达30%~40%。IgA肾病发病机制复杂,涉及遗传、免疫等多种因素,尚未完全清楚。其中已经证实核心1β3半乳糖基转移酶(C 1β3Gal-T)活性降低导致IgA1分子异常糖基化是IgA肾病重要发病机制之一。新近基础研究发现C1β3Gal-T活性降低与一种蛋白质功能密切相关,称该蛋白质为核心1β3半乳糖基转移酶分子伴侣(core1β3-Gal-T-specific molecular chaperone,Cosme)。Cosme的发现为探讨IgA肾病致病机制提供了崭新的研究思路与方向。以下就Cosmc在IgA肾病中致病机制的研究进展进行综述。
前列腺癌相关生物标志物研究新进展

前列腺癌是世界上第二大男性肿瘤,在男性致死性肿瘤中排第六位。2008年全世界前列腺癌新发病例约899 000例,死亡病例约258 000例,其中72%的新发病例和53%的死亡病例发生在欧洲、北美等发达国家。亚洲地区的前列腺癌发病率在世界范围是最低的,然而近年也有明显上升趋势。以中国上海为例,前列腺癌发病率由1974—1977年的0.8人/(万人?年)上升到1998—2002年的6.9人/(万人?年)。不断上升的发病率使前列腺癌的研究越来越受到关注。
New insight into genes in association with asthma: literature-based mining and network centrality analysis

Background Asthma is a heterogeneous disease for which a strong genetic basis has been firmly established. Until now no studies have been undertaken to systemically explore the network of asthma-related genes using an internally developed literature-based discovery approach. This study was to explore asthma-related genes by using literature-based mining and network centrality analysis. Methods Literature involving asthma-related genes were searched in PubMed from 2001 to 2011. Integration of natural language processing with network centrality analysis was used to identify asthma susceptibility genes and their interaction network. Asthma susceptibility genes were classified into three functional groups by gene ontology (GO) analysis and the key genes were confirmed by establishing asthma-related networks and pathways. Results Three hundred and twenty-six genes related with asthma such as IGHE (IgE), interleukin (IL)-4, 5, 6, 10, 13, 17A, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha were identified. GO analysis indicated some biological processes (developmental processes, signal transduction, death, etc.), cellular components (non-structural extracellular, plasma membrane and extracellular matrix), and molecular functions (signal transduction activity) that were involved in asthma. Furthermore, 22 asthma-related pathways such as the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, hematopoietic cell lineage, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, chemokine signaling pathway, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and 17 hub genes, such as JAK3, CCR1-3, CCR5-7, CCR8, were found. Conclusions Our study provides a remarkably detailed and comprehensive picture of asthma susceptibility genes and their interacting network. Further identification of these genes and molecular pathways may play a prominent role in establishing rational therapeutic approaches for asthma.
Serum sclerostin levels associated with lumbar spine bone mineral density and bone turnover markers in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis

Background Sclerostin, expressed exclusively by osteocytes, is a negative regulator of bone formation. To gain insights into the action of sclerostin in postmenopausal osteoporosis, we evaluated serum sclerostin levels in postmenopausal women and investigated its possible associations with bone turnover markers in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis. Methods We detected serum sclerostin, and measured lumbar spine bone mineral density in 650 Chinese postmenopausal women. We also assessed serum levels of β-isomerized C-terminal crosslinking of type I collagen, intact N-terminal propeptide of type I collagen, N-mid fragment of osteocalcin, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and estradiol. Results Serum sclerostin levels were lower in postmenopausal osteoporotic women compared with non-osteoporotic postmenopausal women ((38.79±7.43) vs. (52.86±6.69) pmol/L, P <0.001). Serum sclerostin was positively correlated with lumbar spine bone mineral density (r=0.391, P <0.001) and weakly negatively correlated with β-isomerized C-terminal crosslinking of type I collagen, intact N-terminal propeptide of type I collagen, N-mid fragment of osteocalcin (r= –0.225, P <0.001; r= –0.091, P=0.046; r= –0.108, P=0.018; respectively) in postmenopausal osteoporosis. There was no significant association of serum sclerostin with age, body mass index, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and estradiol (r= –0.004, P=0.926; r=0.067, P=0.143; r=0.063, P=0.165; r= –0.045, P=0.324; respectively). Conclusion Sclerostin may be involved in the pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis and may play a role in bone turnover.
CONTINUOUS STIFFNESS MODE NANOINDENTATION RESPONSE OF POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE) SURFACES

Indentation is a comparatively simple and virtually nondestructive method of determining mechanical properties of material surfaces by means of an indenter inducing a localized deformation. The paper present experimental results of the load-displacement curves, the hardness and the elastic modulus data, and associated analysis for poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) surfaces as a function of contact displacement. The experimental results include continuous stiffness indentations performed using constant loading rate and constant displacement rate experiments. The continuous stiffness indentation involves continuous calculation of a material stiffness, and hence hardness and elastic modulus of surfaces, during discrete loading-unloading cycles, as in a conventional indentation routine, and in a comparatively smaller time constant. The dependence of the compliance curves, the hardness, the elastic modulus and the plasticity index upon the imposed penetration depth, the applied normal load and the deformation rate are described. Tip area and load frame calibrations for the continuous stiffness indentation are also reported. The paper includes practical considerations encountered during indentation of polymers specifically at low penetration depths. The experimental results show a peculiarly harder response of PMMA surfaces at the submicron (near to surface) layers.
胰腺异位肝合并肝囊肿一例

讨论凡在肝脏本体以外生长,与正常肝脏组织既无解剖上的联系,又无血管联系的孤立肝脏组织,均称为异位肝。异位肝临床罕见,体积不一,多有蒂,与胸腹膜、肠系膜或其他脏器浆膜相连,多具正常肝组织结构,其血供及胆管可通过蒂与相邻脏器相连,可具肝的部分功能。
小儿髋部锁定加压接骨板治疗儿童股骨粗隆部骨折

儿童股骨粗隆部骨折临床上虽较少见,但随着高能量损伤几率的增加,也时有发生。自2010年6月至2012年5月我院收治的儿童股骨粗隆部骨折28例,采用股骨近端外侧切开复位小儿髋部锁定加压接骨板(Locking Compression Paediatric Hip Plate,LCP PHP)内固定治疗,疗效满意,现报告如下。
Grid-connected Multilevel Topology for HVDC Offshore Wind Farm Based on MFT

This paper presents a new topology to connect high voltage direct current (HVDC) offshore wind farm into the grid.The offshore part consists of five units, each unit contains permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) connected to three-phase/three-phase matrix converter to control the generator speed by using a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control.The offshore platform consists of a three-phase medium frequency transformer (MFT) and a modular multi-level converter (MMC). The primary of each phase of the transformer connected to one phase from each unit.The secondary of the transformer connected to MMC to get HVDC.The HVDC cable will be used to transfer power from the offshore side to the on-shore side.Five-level MMC is used in the onshore side to control the DC voltage and to connect the offshore wind farm into the grid by converting the HVDC to high voltage alternative current (HVAC).
Enhanced Performance and Stability in Polymer Photovoltaic Cells Using Ultraviolet-Treated PEDOT:PSS

We investigate the effects of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation treatment with varying irradiation intensities for different treatment times of poly(3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) film on the performance and stability of polymer solar cells (PSCs) based on regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and methanofullerene [6,6]-phenyl C_(61)-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) blend. Ultraviolet-visible transmission spectra, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, contact angle measurement, atomic force microscopy and the Kelvin probe method are conducted to characterize the UV-treated PEDOT:PSS film. The results demonstrate that UV treatment can improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability of PSCs effectively. The best performance is achieved under 1200μW/cm~2 UV treatment for 50min. Compared to the control device, the optimized device exhibits enhanced performance with a V_(oc) of 0.59 V, J_(sc) of 12.3 mA/cm~2, fill factor of 51%, and PCE of 3.64%, increased by 3.5%, 33%, 8.7% and 50%, respectively. The stability of the PSCs is enhanced by 2.5 times simply through the UV treatment on the PEDOT:PSS buffer layer. The improvement in the device performance and stability is attributed to the improvement in the wettability property and the increase in the work function of the PEDOT:PSS film by UV treatment, while the impact of UV treatment on the transparency of the PEDOT:PSS film is negligible. The strategy of using UV treatment to improve device performance and stability is attractive due to its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and because it is suitable for large-scale commercial production.