mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Nano-Bacillus Calmette-Guerin immunotherapies for improved bladder cancer treatment

Cancer immunotherapy has rapidly become the fourth mainstream treatment alternative after surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, with some promising results. It aims to kill tumor cells by mobilizing or stimulating cytotoxic immune cells. However, the clinical applications of tumor immunotherapies are limited owing to a lack of adequate delivery pathways and high toxicity. Recently, nanomaterials and genetic engineering have shown great potential in overcoming these limitations by protecting the delivery of antigens, activating targeted T cells, modulating the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and improving the treatment efficacy. Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is a live attenuated Mycobacterium bovis vaccine used to prevent tuberculosis, which was first reported to have antitumor activity in 1927. BCG therapy can activate the immune system by inducing various cytokines and chemokines, and its specific immune and inflammatory responses exert antitumor effects. BCG was first used during the 1970s as an intravesical treatment agent for bladder cancer, which effectively improved immune antitumor activity and prevented tumor recurrence. More recently, nano-BCG and genetically engineered BCG have been proposed as treatment alternatives for bladder cancer due to their ability to induce stronger and more stable immune responses. In this study, we outline the development of nano-BCG and genetically engineered BCG for bladder cancer immunotherapy and review their potential and associated challenges.
Control of interfacial reaction and defect formation in Gd/Bi_2Te_(2.7)Se_(0.3) composites with excellent thermoelectric and magnetocaloric properties

The method to combine thermoelectric (TE) and magnetocaloric (MC) cooling techniques lies in developing a new material that simultaneously possesses a large TE and good MC cooling performance. In this work, using n-type Bi_2Te_(2.7)Se_(0.3) (BTS) as the TE base material and Gd as the second-phase MC material, Gd/BTS composites were prepared by the spark plasma sintering method. In the composites, interfacial reaction between Gd and BTS was identified, resulting in the formation of GdTe, which has a large impact on the electron concentration through the adjustment of defect concentration. The MC/TE composite containing 2.5 wt% Gd exhibited a ZT value of 0.6 at 300 K, essentially retaining the original TE performance, while all the composites largely maintained the excellent MC performance of Gd. This work provides a potential pathway to achieving high performance in MC/TE composites.
Numerical study of a bi-directional in-band pumped dysprosium-doped fluoride fiber laser at 3.2 μm

Dy~(3+)-doped fluoride fiber lasers have important applications in environment monitoring,real-time sensing,and polymer processing.At present,achieving a high-efficiency and high-power Dy~(3+)-doped fluoride fiber laser in the mid-infrared (mid-IR) region over 3 μm is a scientific and technological frontier.Typically,Dy~(3+)-doped fluoride fiber lasers use a unidirectional pumping method,which suffers from the drawback of high thermal loading density on the fiber tips,thus limiting power scalability.In this study,a bi-directional in-band pumping scheme,to address the limitations of output power scaling and to enhance the efficiency of the Dy~(3+)-doped fluoride fiber laser at 3.2 μm,is investigated numerically based on rate equations and propagation equations.Detailed simulation results reveal that the optical-optical efficiency of the bi-directional in-band pumped Dy~(3+)-doped fluoride fiber laser can reach 75.1%,approaching the Stokes limit of 87.3%.The potential for further improvement of the efficiency of the Dy~(3+)-doped fluoride fiber laser is also discussed.The bi-directional pumping scheme offers the intrinsic advantage of mitigating the thermal load on the fiber tips,unlike unidirectional pumping,in addition to its high efficiency.As a result,it is expected to significantly scale the power output of Dy~(3+)-doped fluoride fiber lasers in the mid-IR regime.
Phosphorus-silicon-integrated electrolyte additive boosts cycling performance and safety of high-voltage lithium-ion batteries

Safety and energy density are significant for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs),and the flammable organic electrolyte is one of the most critical causes of the safety problem of LIBs.Although LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_2 (NCM811) cathode with high capacity can improve the energy density,the interface stability between NCM811 cathode and electrolytes needs to be improved.Herein,we report a multifunctional additive,diethyl(2-(triethoxysilyl)ethyl)phosphonate (DETSP),which can suppress the flammability of the electrolyte and enhance the cycling stability of NCM811 cathode with a capacity retention of 89.9% after 400 cycles at 1 C,while that of the blank electrolyte is merely 61.3%.In addition,DETSP is compatible well with the graphite anode without impairing the electrochemical performances.Significantly,the performance and safety of NCM811/graphite full cells are also improved.Experimental and theoretical results demonstrate that DETSP can scavenge acidic byproducts and is beneficial to form a stable cathodeelectrolyte interface (CEI).Accordingly,DETSP can potentially be an effective solution to ameliorating the safety of the commercial electrolyte and improving the stability of high-voltage cathodes.
Cucurbit[ n ]uril-based nanostructure construction and modification

New fabrication method of nanostructures is of great importance for the applications of nanoscience and nanotechnology.This review summarizes cucurbit[ n ]uril (CB[ n ])-based nanostructure fabrication and modification approaches.These strategies include the use of CB[ n ]s as building blocks and supramolecular crosslinkers to fabricate nanostructures,to surface modify nanostructures,and as gatekeepers to control the release of encapsulated cargo.These nanostructures are used for drug delivery,bioimaging,chemical sensing,catalysis and other applications.CB[ n ]s often play a vital role in the fabrication of these nanostructures,and the realization of the applications.
Enhanced charge transport in 2D inorganic molecular crystals constructed with charge-delocalized molecules

Outstanding charge transport in molecular crystals is of great importance in modern electronics and optoelectronics. The widely adopted strategies to enhance charge transport, such as restraining intermolecular vibration, are mostly limited to organic molecules, which are nearly inoperative in 2D inorganic molecular crystals currently. In this contribution, charge transport in 2D inorganic molecular crystals is improved by integrating charge-delocalized Se_8 rings as building blocks, where the delocalized electrons on Se_8 rings lift the intermolecular orbitals overlap, offering efficient charge transfer channels. Besides, α-Se flakes composed of charge-delocalized Se_8 rings possess small exciton binding energy. Benefitting from these, α-Se flake exhibits excellent photodetection performance with an ultrafast response rate (~5 μs) and a high detectivity of 1.08 × 10~(11) Jones. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the charge transport of 2D inorganic molecular crystals composed of electron-delocalized inorganic molecules and pave the way for their potential application in optoelectronics.
巨大门静脉瘤合并血栓形成1例报告并文献复习

门静脉瘤(portal vein aneurysm,PVA)是门静脉的一种不寻常的血管扩张,是一种罕见的内脏静脉瘤,占所有内脏动静脉瘤疾病比例不到3%。1956年,由Barziali和Kleckner首次描述了该病。PVA的定义是指肝硬化患者门静脉直径大于1.9cm,正常肝脏门静脉直径大于1.5cm。
国内外医学术语相关标准现状及发展分析

医学术语是医学领域中用以沟通交流的专门用语,用来正确标记临床诊疗过程中的现象、特征和过程等。作为专业性和科学性较强的沟通和表达方式,术语是医学传播的重要基础和媒介,对于医学的发展起着关键作用。但在实际应用时,术语往往存在一义多词或一词多义的现象,概念间语义关系复杂,概念表述不规范,容易造成理解偏差和记录重复,严重阻碍医学交流和信息共享。医学诊疗和交流的过程中,还存在相关术语英译是否标准和规范的问题,某一个英文形式的概念对应多个中文译名或者我国学者对传统中医药术语进行英译时存在分歧,都不利于国内相关研究的开展和国际医学交流。建立统一的医学术语标准,可以规范病历书写,界定临床诊疗过程中的基本语言,解决医学术语表达不一致造成的误解,提高数据的准确性,最大程度帮助研究者有效提取医学数据。我国拥有大量珍贵的医学数据资源,因此解决医学知识和临床数据之间的表述差异至关重要。本文主要对国内外临床医学和中医学术语及相关术语集等发展情况进行综述,以期为医学术语标准化建设提供参考。
Interplay between Microscopic Structures and Macroscopic Viscoelastic Properties of Polyampholyte Gels

Polyampholyte gels, which have hierarchical structures, exhibit excellent self-healing properties and have great promise for biomaterials and bioengineering. We investigated the relationship between microscopic structures and macroscopic viscoelastic properties of polyampholyte gels and found three factors influencing their viscoelastic properties, including the chemical crosslinking bonds, topological entanglements controlled by monomer concentration, and the ionic bonds. Ionic strength plays a major role on the strength of ionic bonds. A crossover point of elastic modulus and loss modulus was observed in the dynamic frequency sweeps at low monomer concentration or low chemical crosslinking density for gels with intermediate strength of ionic bonds. The solid-liquid transition signaled by the crossover point is a typical feature of dynamic associated gels, representing the dynamical association-dissociation of the ionic bonds and full relaxation of the topological entanglements in the gel network. While the crossover point disappears when the ionic bonds are too weak or too strong to form “permanent” bonds. Consistently, in the non-linear yielding measurement, gels with intermediate strength of the ionic bonds are ductile and yield at very large shear strain due to the self-healing properties and the dynamic association-dissociation of the ionic bonds. But the self-healing properties disappear when the ionic bond strength is too weak or too strong. Our work reveals the mechanism of how the dynamic association-dissociation of ionic bonds influences both the linear and non-linear viscoelastic properties of the polyampholyte gels.
A Secure Cryptographic System Based on Steady-State Visual Evoked Potential Brain-Computer Interface Technology

Addressing the vulnerability of contact-based keyboard password systems to disclosure, this paper proposes and validates the feasibility of a non-contact secure password system based on brain-computer interface (BCI) technology that detects steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) signals. The system first lets a testee look at a digital stimulus source flashing at a specific frequency, and uses a wearable dry electrode sensor to collect the SSVEP signal. Secondly, a canonical correlation analysis method is applied to analyze the frequency of the stimulus source that the testee is looking at, and feeds back a code result through headphones. Finally, after all password codes are input, the system makes a judgment and provides visual feedback to the testee. Experiments were conducted to test the accuracy of the system, where twelve stimulus target frequencies between 10-16Hz were selected within the easily recognizable flicker frequency range of human brain, and each of them was tested for 12 times. The results demonstrate that this SSVEP-BCI-based system is feasible, achieving an average accuracy rate of 97.2%, and exhibits promising applications in various domains such as financial transactions and identity recognition.
Iterative Signal Detection Based Soft Interference Cancellation for Satellite-Terrestrial Downlink NOMA Systems

To improve the bit error rate(BER) performance of multi-user signal detection in satelliteterrestrial downlink non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA) systems, an iterative signal detection algorithm based on soft interference cancellation with optimal power allocation is proposed. Given that power allocation has a significant impact on BER performance, the optimal power allocation is obtained by minimizing the average BER of NOMA users. According to the allocated powers, successive interference cancellation(SIC) between NOMA users is performed in descending power order. For each user, an iterative soft interference cancellation is performed, and soft symbol probabilities are calculated for soft decision. To improve detection accuracy and without increasing the complexity, the aforementioned algorithm is optimized by adding minimum mean square error(MMSE) signal estimation before detection, and in each iteration soft symbol probabilities are utilized for soft-decision of the current user and also for the update of soft interference of the previous user. Simulation results illustrate that the optimized algorithm i.e. MMSE-IDBSIC significantly outperforms joint multi-user detection and SIC detection by 7.57dB and 8.03dB in terms of BER performance.
Terrain or climate factor dominates vegetation resilience? Evidence from three national parks across different climatic zones in China

Vegetation resilience (VR), providing an objective measure of ecosystem health, has received considerable attention, however, there is still limited understanding of whether the dominant factors differ across different climate zones. We took the three national parks (Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park, HTR; Wuyishan National Park, WYS; and Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park, NTL) of China with less human interference as cases, which are distributed in different climatic zones, including tropical, subtropical and temperate monsoon climates, respectively. Then, we employed the probabilistic decay method to explore the spatio-temporal changes in the VR and their natural driving patterns using Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) model as well. The results revealed that: (1) from 2000 to 2020,the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) of the three national parks fluctuated between 0.800 and 0.960, exhibiting an overall upward trend, with the mean NDVI of NTL (0.923) > HTR (0.899) > WYS (0.823); (2) the positive trend decay time of vegetation exceeded that of negative trend, indicating vegetation gradual recovery of the three national parks since 2012; (3) the VR of HTR was primarily influenced by elevation, aspect, average annual temperature change (AATC), and average annual precipitation change (AAPC); the WYS' VR was mainly affected by elevation, average annual precipitation (AAP), and AAPC; while the terrain factors (elevation and slope) were the main driving factors of VR in NTL; (4) among the main factors influencing the VR changes, the AAPC had the highest proportion in HTR (66.7%), and the AAP occupied the largest area proportion in WYS (80.4%). While in NTL, elevation served as the main driving factor for the VR, encompassing 64.2% of its area. Consequently, our findings indicated that precipitation factors were the main driving force for the VR changes in HTR and WYS national parks, while elevation was the main factors that drove the VR in NTL. Our research has promoted a deeper understanding of the driving mechanism behind the VR.
A Distortion Self-Calibration Method for Binocular High Dynamic Light Adjusting and Imaging System Based on Digital Micromirror Device

In order to realize the pixel level light adjusting control of the binocular high dynamic light adjusting and imaging system, this letter proposed a novel self-calibration method. By analyzing the optical design of the system, the causes of the distortion are given and a distortion model is established. Then, a quick and accurate self-calibration method is designed. The experiments indicate that the method can calibrate the two image sensors of the system at the same time, the average pixel deviation of the calibrated system is less than 0.5 pixels and the maximum deviation is less than 1 pixel. This method does not need external calibration template and its precision can satisfy the requirement of the system.
经皮神经电刺激联合神经阻滞治疗带状疱疹神经痛的疗效观察

带状疱疹神经痛(zoster-related neuralgia,ZRN)是由潜伏在背根神经节或颅神经节内的水痘-带状疱疹病毒(varicella zoster virus,VZV)经再激活引起的神经皮肤感染,表现为针刺样、刀割样或烧灼样的疼痛,伴有神经受累节段皮肤的感染,即成簇或带状样红色丘疹和水疱。9%~34%的带状疱疹患者会发生带状疱疹后神经痛(postherpetic neuralgia,PHN)。神经阻滞(nerve block,NB)为常用的治疗方法,可以缓解疼痛,但作用时间短,需要多次治疗。而脉冲射频及脊髓电刺激等技术要求高、治疗费用贵及医患辐射大等问题,较难广泛开展。经皮神经电刺激(transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation,TENS)是基于闸门控制理论兴起的一种以电流脉冲激活外周神经纤维的非侵入式镇痛疗法。TENS产生的各种刺激通过激活阈限较低的大直径传入神经纤维,有效地关闭该闸门,以达到镇痛效果。基于NB与TENS在治疗神经痛中的不同机制,本研究旨在探讨TENS联合NB治疗ZRN临床疗效。
Lightweight Object Detection Networks for UAV Aerial Images Based on YOLO

Existing high-precision object detection algorithms for UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) aerial images often have a large number of parameters and heavy weight, which makes it difficult to be applied to mobile devices. We propose three YOLO-based lightweight object detection networks for UAVs, named YOLO-L, YOLO-S, and YOLO-M, respectively. In YOLO-L, we adopt a deconvolution approach to explore suitable upsampling rules during training to improve the detection accuracy. The convolution-batch normalization-SiLU activation function (CBS) structure is replaced with Ghost CBS to reduce the number of parameters and weight, meanwhile Maxpool maximum pooling operation is proposed to replace the CBS structure to avoid generating parameters and weight. YOLO-S greatly reduces the weight of the network by directly introducing CSPGhostNeck residual structures, so that the parameters and weight are respectively decreased by about 15% at the expense of 2.4% mAP. And YOLO-M adopts the CSPGhostNeck residual structure and deconvolution to reduce parameters by 5.6% and weight by 5.7%, while mAP only by 1.8%. The results show that the three lightweight detection networks proposed in this paper have good performance in UAV aerial image object detection task.
Steroidal scaffold decorations in Solanum alkaloid biosynthesis

Steroidal glycoalkaloids (SGAs) are specialized metabolites produced by hundreds of Solanum species,including important vegetable crops such as tomato,potato,and eggplant.Although it has been known that SGAs play important roles in defense in plants and "anti-nutritional" effects (e.g.,toxicity and bitterness) to humans,many of these molecules have documented anti-cancer,anti-microbial,antiinflammatory,anti-viral,and anti-pyretic activities.Among these,a-solasonine and a-solamargine isolated from black nightshade (Solanum nigrum) are reported to have potent anti-tumor,anti-proliferative,and anti-inflammatory activities.Notably,a-solasonine and a-solamargine,along with the core steroidal aglycone solasodine,are the most widespread SGAs produced among the Solanum plants.However,it is still unknown how plants synthesize these bioactive steroidal molecules.Through comparative metabolomictranscriptome- guided approach,biosynthetic logic,combinatorial expression in Nicotiana benthamiana,and functional recombinant enzyme assays,here we report the discovery of 12 enzymes from S.nigrum that converts the starting cholesterol precursor to solasodine aglycone,and the downstream a-solasonine,a-solamargine,and malonyl-solamargine SGA products.We further identified six enzymes from cultivated eggplant that catalyze the production of a-solasonine,a-solamargine,and malonyl-solamargine SGAs from solasodine aglycone via glycosylation and atypical malonylation decorations.Our work provides the gene tool box and platform for engineering the production of high-value,steroidal bioactive molecules in heterologous hosts using synthetic biology.
Hordedane diterpenoid phytoalexins restrict Fusarium graminearum infection but enhance Bipolaris sorokiniana colonization of barley roots

Plant immunity is a multilayered process that includes recognition of patterns or effectors from pathogens to elicit defense responses.These include the induction of a cocktail of defense metabolites that typically restrict pathogen virulence.Here,we investigate the interaction between barley roots and the fungal pathogens Bipolaris sorokiniana (Bs) and Fusarium graminearum (Fg) at the metabolite level.We identify hordedanes,a previously undescribed set of labdane-related diterpenoids with antimicrobial properties,as critical players in these interactions.Infection of barley roots by Bs and Fg elicits hordedane synthesis from a 600-kb gene cluster.Heterologous reconstruction of the biosynthesis pathway in yeast and Nicotiana benthamiana produced several hordedanes,including one of the most functionally decorated products 19- b-hydroxy-hordetrienoic acid (19-OH-HTA).Barley mutants in the diterpene synthase genes of this cluster are unable to produce hordedanes but,unexpectedly,show reduced Bs colonization.By contrast,colonization by Fusarium graminearum,another fungal pathogen of barley and wheat,is 4-fold higher in the mutants completely lacking hordedanes.Accordingly,19-OH-HTA enhances both germination and growth of Bs,whereas it inhibits other pathogenic fungi,including Fg.Analysis of microscopy and transcriptomics data suggest that hordedanes delay the necrotrophic phase of Bs.Taken together,these results show that adapted pathogens such as Bs can subvert plant metabolic defenses to facilitate root colonization.
CSPP1 stabilizes microtubules by capping both plus and minus ends

Although the dynamic instability of microtubules (MTs) is fundamental to many cellular functions, quiescent MTs with unattached free distal ends are commonly present and play important roles in various events to power cellular dynamics. However, how these free MT tips are stabilized remains poorly understood. Here, we report that centrosome and spindle pole protein 1 (CSPP1) caps and stabilizes both plus and minus ends of static MTs. Real-time imaging of laser-ablated MTs in live cells showed deposition of CSPP1 at the newly generated MT ends, whose dynamic instability was concomitantly suppressed. Consistently, MT ends in CSPP1-overexpressing cells were hyper-stabilized, while those in CSPP1-depleted cells were much more dynamic. This CSPP1-elicited stabilization of MTs was demonstrated to be achieved by suppressing intrinsic MT catastrophe and restricting polymerization. Importantly, CSPP1-bound MTs were resistant to mitotic centromere-associated kinesin-mediated depolymerization. These findings delineate a previously uncharacterized CSPP1 activity that integrates MT end capping to orchestrate quiescent MTs.
Planning Model for Energy Routers Considering Peer-to-Peer Energy Transactions Among Multiple Distribution Networks

A high proportion of renewable energy affects the power quality of distribution networks, and surplus energy will be sold to the upstream grid at a low price. In this paper, considering peer-to-peer energy transactions, the energy router-based multiple distribution networks are analyzed to solve the above problems and realize collaborative consumption of renewable energy. Presently, the investing cost of an energy router is high, and research on the economic operation of energy routers in distribution networks is little. Therefore, this paper establishes a planning model for energy routers considering peer-to-peer energy transactions among distribution networks, and explores the benefits of peer-to-peer energy transactions through energy router based multiple distribution networks. A structure of an energy router suitable for peer-to-peer energy transactions is selected, and a power flow calculation model based on a multilayer structure is established. The energy router's scheduling model is established, and unique functions of the energy router and revenue of each distribution network are considered. A power flow calculation model based on peer-to-peer interconnection of multiple distribution networks through energy routers is also established. Finally, simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed planning model. Results show that peer-topeer energy transaction among distribution networks through energy routers can effectively reduce the comprehensive cost of distribution networks, significantly improve the power quality of the distribution networks, and reduce the impact of power fluctuation on the upstream grid incurred by the distribution network.