mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Novel PLGA Microspheres for Sustained Delivery of Antisense Oligonucleotide

Novel poly(lactide-co-glycolide acid)(PLGA) microspheres were developed for sustained delivery of antisense oligonucleotide(ASO). First, a new cationic agent, polyethylenimine(PEI) conjugated to linoleic acid(LA)(PEI-LA) was synthesized by reacting PEI(M_w=800) with linoleoyl chloride. Then, PEI-LA was combined with LOR-2501 to form electrostatic complexes at moderate nitrogen-to-phosphate(N/P) molar ratios which were then encapsulated into poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres by a multiple emulsion-solvent evaporation technique. With an increase in ASO/PEI-LA concentration from 5% to 10%, encapsulation efficiency of ASO in the microspheres reduced from 72.14% to 57.62%, and the particle size of microspheres increased from 28.58 μm to 34.76 μm. In vitro studies show that the release profile of ASO from microspheres prepared at 7.5% ASO-PEI-LA lasted for 14 d. The novel microspheres have a potential use as a sustained release vehicle for ASO.
Purification and Characterization of Two Thermostable Glucoamylases Produced from Aspergillus niger B-30

Two thermostable glucoamylases were produced from Aspergillus niger B-30 by submerged fermentation. The two glucoamylases GAM-1 and GAM-2 were purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, diethylaminoethylcellulose fast flow(DEAE FF) and Superdex G-75 gel filtration columns. The molecular weights of GAM-1 and GAM-2 were determined as 9.72×10~4 and 7.83×10~4 by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), while the molecular weights of GAM-1 and GAM-2 were determined to be 8.05×10~4 and 7.04×10~4 by matrix assisted laser desorption ionizationtime-of-flight(MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry, respectively. Both the enzymes were glycosylated, with 10.4% and 11.4% carbohydrate content, respectively. The optimal pH and temperature were 4.0-4.6 and 70 ℃ for both. The two glucoamylases were maintained 100% relative activity after incubation at 60 ℃ for 120 min. After the hydrolysis of starch for 120 min, glucose was the only product, confirming that the two enzymes were of high efficiency towards starch. The GAM-2 exhibited higher catalytic activity towards oligosaccharides such as maltose than GAM-1, and the kinetic analysis shows that the affinity of GAM-2 to starch was lower than that of GAM-1. The high thermostability and effectiveness make the two glucoamylases potentially attractive for biotechnological application.
河南省农村地区5岁以下儿童生长发育及贫血状况分析

目的分析河南省农村地区5岁以下儿童生长发育及贫血状况,为制定农村地区营养干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,抽取2881名5岁以下儿童进行调查,测量身高(身长)和体重、血红蛋白。结果河南省农村地区5岁以下儿童生长迟缓率、低体重率、消瘦率、贫血率分别为10.07%、3.02%、2.64%、16.11%,均低于全国农村平均水平。结论河南省农村地区5岁以下儿童的营养状况较好,但仍存在营养不良,应有针对性地加以改善。
阿胶的毒理学安全性评价

阿胶是马科动物驴的皮去毛后熬制而成的胶块,主治血虚萎黄,眩晕心悸,肌痿无力,心烦不眠,虚风内动,肺燥咳嗽,痨咳咯血,吐血尿血,便血崩漏,妊娠胎漏。卫生部2002年公布的51号文中阿胶既属于食品又属于药品。近代医药工作者运用现代医学的观点,对其化学成分及药理作用等进行了多方面的探讨和研究,并取得了显著的研究成果。化学成分研究经分析,阿胶多由骨胶原(Collagen)组成,其水解可得明胶、蛋白质及多种氨基酸。阿胶的蛋白类含量为60% ~ 80%左右,含有18种氨基酸(包括7种人体必需氨基酸) 。所含金属元素有K,Na,Ca,Mg,Fe,Cu,Al,Mn,Zn,Cr,Pt,PbMo,Sr 等。它具有补血、增强免疫力、抗休克、抗疲劳、耐缺氧、钙平衡、增强记忆等生理活性。但单一阿胶的毒理学研究未见报道,只有复方阿胶制剂的毒理学报道。市场上的阿胶质地优劣不齐,为确保其食用安全性,根据2003年版《保健食品检验与评价技术规范》,于2012年对阿胶进行了急性毒性、遗传毒性和大鼠30 d喂养试验,为阿胶的利用提供科学的毒理数据依据。实验用阿胶每100 g含L-羟脯氨酸8. 0 g,甘氨酸18. 0 g,丙氨酸7. 0 g,L-脯氨酸10. 0 g,与2010年版药典收载的阿胶在有效成分上没有差异。
蚕豆根尖SCE技术检测浊漳河水质污染

目的利用姊妹染色单体交换技术(SCE)检测长治市浊漳河水体有机污染物的遗传毒性。方法以蚕豆为受试生物,采用姊妹染色单体交换分析对浊漳河水体3个不同样点的有机提取物所致的DNA损伤进行研究。结果各样点水样均能引起根尖细胞不同程度的DNA损伤。在一定剂量范围内,SCE频率随有机提取物浓度的增加而增加,与阴性对照组比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.01),并且呈现一定的剂量-效应关系(r=0.9838,P<0.05);3个样点对根尖细胞DNA损伤程度依次为暴马>石梁>北寨。结论浊漳河水体有机污染物可致蚕豆根尖细胞DNA损伤,SCE技术应用于水环境毒理学检测是一种行之有效的方法。
高校图书馆室内环境及人体主观感觉调查

为了解高校图书馆室内环境状况,于2012年2—3月(冬季)、4—5月(过渡季)、9—10月(夏季)对上海一高校图书馆2、7层阅览室和8层自习室温湿度、风速、空气PM10、PM2.5、噪声、照度进行监测,并计算了预计平均热感觉指数(PMV),对学生主观感觉进行问卷调查。结果显示,除8层冬季、7层夏季外,其余监测点位PMV均为热舒适满意,空气中PM10均达标,各季节PM2.5均超过WHO的准则值(35μg/m~3)。个别监测点位照度、噪声超标,但学生学习效率一般及较高的比例平均各季节仍占90%以上。提示应优化室内冬季供暖及夏季使用空调时温、湿度及风速的调节,提高学生舒适感觉。
藏南马拉山穹窿佩枯错复合淡色花岗岩体的多期深熔作用

佩枯错淡色花岗岩位于近东西向展布的北喜马拉雅片麻岩穹窿西侧的马拉山穹窿内, 是一复合岩体, 由电气石淡色花岗岩、二云母花岗岩和含石榴石淡色花岗岩组成. 锆石U-Pb地质年代学研究表明: (1)电气石淡色花岗岩形成于28.2±0.5 Ma, 其源岩经历了33.6±0.6 Ma的变质作用和深熔事件; (2)二云母花岩形成于19.8±0.5 Ma; (3)两种淡色花岗岩都包含有大量年龄为~480 Ma 的继承性锆石. 在主量元素、微量元素和同位素(Sr, Nd和Hf)组成上, 这3类淡色花岗岩具有明显的差异性. 全岩初始Sr和Nd及锆石原位Hf同位素组成特征显示电气石淡色花岗岩的Sr和Hf同位素比值都高于二云母花岗岩, 表明它们是不同源岩和不同部分熔融反应共同作用的结果. 结合已有的数据, 进一步表明藏南喜马拉雅造山带~35 Ma深熔作用促使了藏南拆离系的启动, 喜马拉雅造山带由逆冲增厚转化为伸展减薄, 并引发变泥质岩发生大规模的减压部分熔融, ~28和~20 Ma这两组年龄代表了藏南拆离系活动触发的更大规模的部分熔融和侵位.
栗木金竹源矿床矿石工艺矿物学与资源综合利用

研究栗木金竹源矿床矿石工艺矿物学特性，提高资源综合利用率。矿石的有价金属元素钽、铌、钨、锡赋存于密度大的钽铌矿物、黑钨矿以及锡石中，可通过重选方式与大宗非金属矿物分离。铷赋存在云母及钾长石中，可通过回收云母回收矿石中的部分铷元素。
硅酸钠浓度对碳化法制备纳米白炭黑粉体性能的影响

研究二氧化碳碳化法制备纳米白炭黑过程中，硅酸钠浓度对纳米白炭黑粉体结构、形态、表面活性等的影响。从20 g/L到80 g/L调整硅酸钠浓度，得到二氧化硅粉体的一次颗粒粒径和平均孔隙介于5~25 nm和4.345~98.55 nm，粉体的粒径、孔径和孔体积都随硅酸钠浓度的增加变大。粉体的比表面积与硅酸钠浓度呈负相关关系，从376.744 m~2/g降到250.7 m~2/g。粉体表面羟基密度与硅酸钠浓度也呈负相关关系，加热失重率和主要的失重温度区间也有所不同。
Another representation of the β form of the inhomogeneous Picard-Fuchs equation

In this letter we give another representation of the β form in the inhomogeneous Picard-Fuchs equation for open topological string for some one-parameter Calabi-Yau hypersurfaces in weighted projective spaces. Furthermore, the corresponding domain wall tensions calculated by using these β forms are consistent with the results that appear in literature. The β form is essential for the calculation of the D-brane domain wall tension, and a convenient choice of β forms should simplify the calculation. The freedom of the choice of β forms shows some symmetries in Calabi-Yau space.
Modeling and assessing the influence of linear energy transfer on multiple bit upset susceptibility

The influence of the metric of linear energy transfer (LET) on single event upset (SEU), particularly multiple bit upset (MBU) in a hypothetical 90-nm static random access memory (SRAM) is explored. To explain the odd point of higher LET incident ion but induced lower cross section in the curve of SEU cross section, MBUs induced by incident ions ~(132)Xe and ~(209)Bi with the same LET but different energies at oblique incidence are investigated using multi-functional package for single event effect analysis (MUFPSA). In addition, a comprehensive analytical model of the radial track structure is incorporated into MUFPSA, which is a complementation for assessing and interpreting MBU susceptibility of SRAM. The results show that (i) with the increase of incident angle, MBU multiplicity and probability each present an increasing trend; (ii) due to the higher ion relative velocity and longer range of δ electrons, higher energy ions trigger the MBU with less probability than lower energy ions.
Random walks in generalized delayed recursive trees

Recently a great deal of effort has been made to explicitly determine the mean first-passage time (MFPT) between two nodes averaged over all pairs of nodes on a fractal network. In this paper, we first propose a family of generalized delayed recursive trees characterized by two parameters, where the existing nodes have a time delay to produce new nodes. We then study the MFPT of random walks on this kind of recursive tree and investigate the effect of the time delay on the MFPT. By relating random walks to electrical networks, we obtain an exact formula for the MFPT and verify it by numerical calculations. Based on the obtained results, we further show that the MFPT of delayed recursive trees is much shorter, implying that the efficiency of random walks is much higher compared with the non-delayed counterpart. Our study provides a deeper understanding of random walks on delayed fractal networks.
Characteristics of photonic bands generated by quadrangular multiconnected networks

In this paper, by means of the network equation and generalized dimensionless Floquet-Bloch theorem, we study the influences of the number of connected waveguide segments (NCWS) between adjacent nodes and the matching ratio of waveguide length (MRWL) on the photonic bands generated by quadrangular multiconnected networks (QMNs), and obtain a series of formulae. It is found that multicombining networks (MCNs) and repetitive combining networks (RCNs) are equivalent to each other and they can all be simplified into the simplest fundamental combining systems. It would be useful for adjusting the number, widths, and positions of photonic bands, and would possess potential applications for the designing of all-optical devices and photonic network devices.
Time-dependent density functional theoretical studies on the photo-induced dynamics of an HCl molecule encapsulated in C_(60) under femtosecond laser pulses

By using first-principles simulations based on time-dependent density functional theory, the chemical reaction of an HCl molecule encapsulated in C_(60) induced by femtosecond laser pulses is observed. The H atom starts to leave the Cl atom and is reflected by the C_(60) wall. The coherent nuclear dynamic behaviors of bond breakage and recombination of the HCl molecule occurring in both polarized parallel and perpendicular to the H–Cl bond axis are investigated. The radial oscillation is also found in the two polarization directions of the laser pulse. The relaxation time of the H–Cl bond lengths in transverse polarization is slow in comparison with that in longitudinal polarization. Those results are important for studying the dynamics of the chemical bond at an atomic level.
Validation and Characterization of Ghd7.1, a Major Quantitative Trait Locus with Pleiotropic Effects on Spikelets per Panicle, Plant Height, and Heading Date in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

A quantitative trait locus (QTL) that affects heading date (HD) and the number of spikelets per panicle (SPP) was previously identified in a small region on chromosome 7 in rice (Oryza sativa L.). In order to further characterize the QTL region, near isogenic lines (NILs) were quickly obtained by self-crossing recombinant inbred line 189, which is heterozygous in the vicinity of the target region. The pleiotropic effects of QTL Ghd7.1 on plant height (PH), SPP, and HD, were validated using an NIL-F_2 population. Ghd7.1 explained 50.2%, 45.3%, and 76.9%of phenotypic variation in PH, SPP, and HD, respectively. Ghd7.1 was precisely mapped to a 357-kb region on the basis of analysis of the progeny of the NIL-F_2 population. Day-length treatment confirmed that Ghd7.1 is sensitive to photoperiod, with long days delaying heading up to 12.5 d. Identification of panicle initiation and development for the pair of NILs showed that Ghd7.1 elongated the photoperiod-sensitive phase more than 10 d, but did not change the basic vegetative phase and the reproductive growth phase. These findings indicated that Ghd7.1 regulates SPP by controlling the rate of panicle differentiation rather than the duration of panicle development.
Effective SNR improvement using a high-power pulsed pump in an ytterbium-doped fiber amplifier

A high-power pulsed pump method is proposed to obtain a high-energy output with an improved signaltonoise ratio (SNR) during pulse amplification. Based on numerical analysis, the ytterbium-doped fiber amplifiers are compared under different pumping conditions. At the same signal gain, the output using the high-power pulsed pump shows great SNR improvement and reduced output signal distortion, compared with a continuous-wave pump and a low-power pulsed pump. By adjusting the pump parameters, the amplifier can achieve the optimal output SNR without sacrificing the signal gain. We believe that the high-power pulsed pump scheme is very suitable for the high-energy nanosecond pulse amplification, which has a high SNR requirement.
ANFIS-based Sensor Fusion System of Sit-to-stand for Elderly People Assistive Device Protocols

This paper describes the analysis and design of an assistive device for elderly people under development at the Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST) named E-JUST assistive device (EJAD). Several experiments were carried out using a motion capture system (VICON) and inertial sensors to identify the human posture during the sit-to-stand motion. The EJAD uses only two inertial measurement units (IMUs) fused through an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS) algorithm to imitate the real motion of the caregiver. The EJAD consists of two main parts, a robot arm and an active walker. The robot arm is a 2-degree-of-freedom (2-DOF) planar manipulator. In addition, a back support with a passive joint is used to support the patient's back. The IMUs on the leg and trunk of the patient are used to compensate for and adapt to the EJAD system motion depending on the obtained patient posture. The ANFIS algorithm is used to train the fuzzy system that converts the IMUs signals to the right posture of the patient. A control scheme is proposed to control the system motion based on practical measurements taken from the experiments. A computer simulation showed a relatively good performance of the EJAD in assisting the patient.
7例新生儿血源性骨髓炎临床分析

新生儿血源性骨髓炎较为罕见，目前国内外仅有少数个案报道。由于新生儿血源性骨髓炎发病少，临床表现不典型，容易误诊，故为其早期诊断、治疗带来极大困难。现通过对我院收治的7例新生儿血源性骨髓炎病例的临床资料进行回顾性分析，以探讨新生儿血源性骨髓炎的临床特点，总结其诊断与治疗经验。
盐酸利托君与硫酸镁治疗先兆早产的疗效比较及疗效与Creasy高危因素评分的关系

目的:比较利托君与硫酸镁治疗先兆早产的临床效果,分析Creasy高危因素评分与治疗效果的关系。方法:选取2011年9月至2013年2月在我院住院的320例先兆早产孕妇,将患者随机分为盐酸利托君组(160例)和硫酸镁组(160例)。比较两组患者的起效时间、延长孕周天数和治疗成功率。对患者进行Creasy高危因素评分,分析Creasy高危因素评分与疗效的关系。结果:(1)盐酸利托君组的起效时间显著短于硫酸镁组[(2.17±0.66)h vs (6.74±1.02)h,P<0.001],延长妊娠时间显著长于硫酸镁组[(25.81±12.49)d vs (14.22±9.51)d,P<0.001],而治疗成功率与硫酸镁组无显著差异(84.4% vs 76.3%,P>0.05)。(2)两组中治疗成功与失败者的Creasy高危因素评分均无显著差异(P>0.05),但治疗成功者的Creasy高危因素评分均显著低于治疗失败者(P<0.01)。(3)Creasy高危因素评分<12分时,两组的治疗成功率无显著差异(66.9% vs 65.0%,P>0.05);≥12分时,盐酸利托君组的治疗成功率显著高于硫酸镁组(P<0.05)。结论:盐酸利托君治疗先兆早产的效果显著优于硫酸镁,Creasy高危因素评分与先兆早产的治疗结局有关,对Creasy高危因素评分≥12分者应优先选用盐酸利托君治疗。
高温的另类益处

温度是影响植物生长发育的最重要的环境因子之一,其细微变化会影响作物的产量。目前,全球气候变暖是最受关注的问题,它对农作物的生产造成了严重的威胁。因此,研究高温影响植物生长发育的机制,意义非常重大。转基因技术是研究基因功能和获得高产优质品种的一种重要手段,但是转基因沉默使得转基因在受体植物中往往不能稳定表达,有时甚至完全不表达,对转基因技术的推广造成了很大的限制。因此,研究植物转基因沉默的机理以及解决方法刻不容缓。最近,中国科学院上海生命科学研究院植物生理生态研究所何祖华课题组发现,环境温度从22oC升高到30oC可以完全抑制不同转基因引起的基因沉默,而且拟南芥内源小分子RNA——ta-siRNAs(trans-acting siRNA)也随着温度的升高明显降低。有意思的是,温度引起的转录后基因沉默(PTGS)解除在接下来的22oC种植后代中也能观察到,即表现出后代记忆的效应。对其机制的研究表明,高温可能通过促进SUPPRESSOR OF GENE SILENCING 3(SGS3)蛋白的降解进而抑制双链RNA形成,从而解除PTGS并抑制ta-siRNA产生;提高SGS3蛋白水平可以抑制高温对PTGS的解除并减弱后代记忆。这些发现揭示了温度与siRNA合成以及表观遗传之间的关系,对植物温度感应以及作物转基因改良等有重要的指导意义。
超声心动图诊断双心室心肌致密化不全伴憩室形成1例

讨论心肌致密化不全是一种少见的先天性心脏疾病，胚胎时期心室压过大或局部缺血致心肌窦状隙退化失败，正常致密过程终止，致肌小梁增多、粗大，隐窝深陷且持续存在；有家族发病倾向，但其遗传学原理尚不明确。本病多累及左心室，双心室受累者甚少，伴憩室形成更为罕见。增多的肌小梁形成交错隐窝，憩室为向外膨出的较大隐窝，均与心室腔相通，影响心肌供血；心室增大，运动明显减弱，增厚率降低，导致双侧心室功能受损。本例左右心室均有局部心肌变薄，且两组房室瓣膜关闭不良，为病变持续发展、内膜下心肌灌注差和微循环功能失调所致。结合临床病史及冠状动脉造影可鉴别憩室与室壁瘤》超声心动图为确诊该病的主要手段，早期诊断心肌致密化不全对改善患者预后具有重要价值。
Electrochemical and spectroscopic characteristics of dissolved organic matter in a forest soil profile

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) represents one of the most mobile and reactive organic compounds in ecosystem and plays an important role in the fate and transport of soil organic pollutants, nutrient cycling and more importantly global climate change. Electrochemical methods were first employed to evaluate DOM redox properties, and spectroscopic approaches were utilized to obtain information concerning its composition and structure. DOM was extracted from a forest soil profile with five horizons. Differential pulse voltammetry indicated that there were more redox-active moieties in the DOM from upper horizons than in that from lower horizons. Cyclic voltammetry further showed that these moieties were reversible in electron transfer. Chronoamperometry was employed to quantify the electron transfer capacity of DOM, including electron acceptor capacity and electron donor capacity, both of which decreased sharply with increasing depth. FT-IR, UV-Vis and fluorescence spectra results suggested that DOM from the upper horizons was enriched with aromatic and humic structures while that from the lower horizons was rich in aliphatic carbon, which supported the findings obtained by electrochemical approaches. Electrochemical approaches combined with spectroscopic methods were applied to evaluate the characteristics of DOM extracted along a forest soil profile. The electrochemical properties of DOM, which can be rapidly and simply obtained, provide insight into the migration and transformation of DOM along a soil profile and will aid in better understanding of the biogeochemical role of DOM in natural environments.
Adsorption of Cr(Ⅲ) from acidic solutions by crop straw derived biochars

Cr(Ⅲ) adsorption by biochars generated from peanut, soybean, canola and rice straws is investigated with batch methods. Adsorption of Cr(Ⅲ) increased as pH rose from 2.5 to 5.0. Adsorption of Cr(Ⅲ) led to peak position shifts in the FTIR-PAS spectra of the biochars and made zeta potential values less negative, suggesting the formation of surface complexes between Cr~(3+) and functional groups on the biochars. The adsorption capacity of Cr(Ⅲ) followed the order: peanut straw char > soybean straw char > canola straw char > rice straw char, which was consistent with the content of acidic functional groups on the biochars. The increase in Cr~(3+) hydrolysis as the pH rose was one of the main reasons for the increased adsorption of Cr(Ⅲ) by the biochars at higher pH values. Cr(Ⅲ) can be adsorbed by the biochars through electrostatic attraction between negative surfaces and Cr~(3+), but the relative contribution of electrostatic adsorption was less than 5%. Therefore, Cr(Ⅲ) was mainly adsorbed by the biochars through specific adsorption. The Langumir and Freundlich equations fitted the adsorption isotherms well and can therefore be used to describe the adsorption behavior of Cr(Ⅲ) by the crop straw biochars. The crop straw biochars have great adsorption capacities for Cr(Ⅲ) under acidic conditions and can be used as adsorbents to remove Cr(Ⅲ) from acidic wastewaters.
Compaction Rate of an Early Permian Volcanic Tuff from Wuda Coalfield, Inner Mongolia

Compaction rates of sediments or volcaniclastic material are needed to reconstruct original thickness of a bed,which in turn is required to reconstruct subsidence rates,sea-level rise,or in the case of volcaniclastic,the location or direction of the eruption site.The knowledge of compaction rates can also aid in the reconstruction of deformed fossils.The known shape of deformed fossils can allow the determination of the compaction they experienced.Here we report the compaction rate in an early Permian volcanic tuff from Wuda,Inner Mongolia,determined from the deformation of standing tree fern stems of known anatomy.The compaction rate has been found to be 0.56 in this case,indicating that 44% of original thickness remains.
渭河平原县域农田土壤有机质时空变化特征

土壤有机质既是表征土壤质量与肥力的重要指标,也是陆地生态系统碳循环的重要源与汇,是目前土壤学和环境学的研究热点之一。其含量的变化是一个长期的过程,一旦缺乏,需要较长的时间才能恢复,且影响着土壤肥力特性。因此,掌握有机质空间特征与变化规律对土壤肥力的调控及农业生产的可持续发展具有重要的现实意义。地统计学在土壤学、生态学等领域有着广泛地应用,已然成为研究土壤属性空间变异的有效工具,对农业生产具有积极地指导作用。研究表明,不同区域土壤有机质空间变异特征存在较大差异,区域的结构性因素与随机因素作用方式及程度也不同。目前的研究多侧重于地统计学方法相关参数的获取与分析,而对渭河平原区农田土壤有机质的时空变化规律与特征及影响因素的系统定量分析鲜见报道。
不同母质类型水稻土酶活性及其与理化性质的关系

土壤酶来自土壤微生物、植物及动物活体或残体,是土壤生化过程的产物,在催化土壤中有机残留物的分解以及促进养分循环中起重要作用。土壤酶与土壤中几种重要的营养元素(氮、磷、碳)的矿化有关,而且土壤酶的变化速度要快于理化性质,因此常常被用来作为反映土壤质量的敏感指标。近年来国内外学者就单一土壤条件下不同灌溉方式、施肥制度、耕作措施及轮作制度对土壤酶活性的影响做了大量研究。而关于不同土壤类型条件下的土壤酶活性尚缺乏深入研究。
西宁盆地科学钻探中黄土地层段泥浆体系的初步研究与应用

中国黄土经过半个多世纪的研究虽取得了举世瞩目的成就,但因黄土地层多孔性、湿陷性与透水性等特性致使以往众多黄土研究仅局限于天然剖面;近年来,随着国民经济的发展、综合国力的增强,能提供高精度、高分辨率信息的科学钻探已受到众多地质学家深入研究黄土的青睐.目前黄土的科学钻探工艺一般分为干钻以及泥浆钻两种,然而没有任何润滑效果的干钻将会出现卡钻、消耗岩芯或钻速变慢至不进尺等现象,不仅限制了黄土岩芯的正常获取,而且没有冷却效果的干钻又可破坏有机物、岩石磁学等环境代用指标携带的信息,即无法准确恢复黄土沉积时的原生环境面貌。黄土含水量低、强度大、结构特征明显、遇水强度降低以及结构易破坏等属性决定了不恰当的泥浆材料使用又会导致黄土岩芯的扰动以及浸湿软化变形,黄土岩芯的采取率更是难以达到科学环境钻探的精度要求。
粤西某硫铁矿尾矿库下农田土壤重金属的形态分布及生物有效性

硫化物矿床的开采,使得大量有毒有害重金属释放进入环境,给周围土壤、水体、植物、大气等造成了严重的环境问题.粤西某硫铁矿地处广东省西部,矿石的淋滤实验表明,其所含微量元素的化学活动性极强,各元素的浸出比例均高于50%.矿石中的Cd 含量较低,而Pb 则相对较高.本文采用元素?铅同位素方法,对该研究土壤中的Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni和Pb5种元素进行形态分布及生物有效性研究,以期为重金属污染耕地治理和污染耕地利用提供科学依据.
微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定8类化妆品中23种元素

建立了微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱,同时测定8类化妆品中23种元素的方法.根据化妆品不同基质,选用硝酸-双氧水或硝酸-双氧水-氢氟酸对样品进行微波消解,采用在线内标校正基体效应,外标法定量进行ICP-MS测定.方法检出限为0.03—6.2 μg·kg~(-1),线性相关系数均大于0.999,RSD为1.3%—6.8%,加标回收率为88.6%—109.1%.实验结果表明,该方法简便、快速、灵敏度高、准确度好,适用于8类化妆品中23种元素的同时测定.
Effective Parameters on Energy Losses of Fast Electron in Fusion Mediums

The stopping and scattering of fast electrons in a dense plasma relevant to inertial confinement fusion (ICF) are investigated numerically with the latest improved cross section equations. Binary and collective effects are considered to determine beam transport parameters such as range, penetration depth, spreading processes as straggling and blooming versus electron energy and plasma parameters. Blooming and straggling effects, which act as consequences of scattering with statistical assumption in collisions, lead to a non-uniform, extended region of energy deposition. Finally the mean angle of deflections is calculated for different plasma energies.
Interference of Quantum Chaotic Systems in Phase Space

We investigate the interference of a kicked harmonic oscillator in phase space. With the measure of interference defined in Lee and Jeong [Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 (2011) 220401], we show that interference increases more rapidly in the chaotic regime than in the regular regime, and that the sub-Planck structure is of importance for the decoherence time in the chaotic regime. We also find that interference plays an important role in energy transport between the kicking fields and the kicked harmonic oscillator.
Efficient Multipartite Polarization Entanglement Distribution Over Arbitrary Noise Channel

We present an efficient faithful multipartite polarization entanglement distribution protocol over an arbitrary noisy channel. The spatial degree of freedom is used to carry the entanglement during the transmission. We describe the principle by distributing n-qubit Greenberge-Horne-Zeilinger state and n-qubit W state. Our scheme can be used to distribute arbitrary n-qubit entangled states to n distant locations. The remote parties can obtain maximally entangled states deterministically on the polarization of photons. Only passive linear optics are employed in our setup, which makes our scheme more feasible and efficient for practical application in long distance quantum communication.
癌症化学预防在中国——代专辑前言

当前,全球的癌症负担持续增加,是世界范围内对人类健康的主要威胁之一。根据GLOBOCAN2008提供的数据,癌症在发达国家居民死因中占据首位,而在发展中国家居民死因中占第二位。癌症发病率和死亡率在美国及部分国家已经开始下降,但在发展中国家中仍在上升。中国作为最大的人口最多的发展中国家,正面临着更为严峻的来自癌症的挑战。
影响腰椎管狭窄症术后疗效因素的研究进展

对于保守治疗无效的腰椎管狭窄症，目前多选择手术治疗。由于病情特点、手术方式等不同，其手术疗效可能存在差异。国内外学者曾对此进行了大量研究，术后总体疗效令人满意，但对于影响疗效的因素却众说纷纭。为了能够深入了解影响术后疗效的相关因素，提高临床手术疗效，我们对影响腰椎管狭窄症手术疗效的因素做一综述。
鳃裂癌一例

文献报道鳃裂癌影像表现多为颈部胸锁乳突肌前缘厚壁囊性肿块，壁为均匀厚壁或不均匀结节状厚壁，肿块与周围结构粘连、分界不清，增强扫描囊壁明显强化，周围可有肿大淋巴结。而本例发生部位位于颈下部锁骨上窝，为第三、四鳃裂囊肿起源，非常罕见。其发现时间有10年，且经ECT检查未发现有异常浓聚，符合诊断标准。但本例影像学表现为不均匀厚壁，边界清楚，与周围结构无明显粘连，亦未见周围有肿大淋巴结，恶性征象不明显，很容易误诊为良性
Stability issues of the continuous welded rail track on the concrete sleepers on the curves with radius R≤300 m

This paper describes the economic and technological benefits of installing continuous welded rail (CWR) track on sharp (radius≤300 m) railway curves. A new form of prestressed concrete sleepers developed by the V. Lazaryan Dnipropetrovsk National University of Railway Transport is shown to improve the lateral shift resistance of CWR track in sharp curves and the use of anchor sleepers on tangents is shown to make it possible to lower the fastening temperature of the CWR track in order to increase the rail lifespan.
The effect of confining boundary on soil deformation in one dimensional frost heave tests and the theoretical volume correction

Frost heave is one of the major complications in highway construction in cold regions. Laboratory experiments are important in the study frost heave behavior of soils, and one-dimensional frost heave experiments are the easiest way to evaluate the soil frost heave potential. In a one dimensional frost heave test, the deformation in axial direction is non-uniform because of the confining effect of the cutting ring’s sidewall. If the effect of confining boundary on soil deformation is ignored, the deformation will be over-estimated. In this paper, the effect of confining boundary on soil deformation is theoretically studied and a volume correction method is developed and applied to the frost heave test of a sulfite saline soil. Test results demonstrate that the sulfite saline soil will expand to a loose, low-density state after several freezing-thawing cycles under the condition of zero axial stress.