mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Hot deformation map and its application of GH4706 alloy

The hot deformation behaviors of GH4706 alloy were investigated using compression tests in a deformation temperature range from 900°C to 1200°C with a strain rate range of 0.001-1 s~(-1). Hot processing maps were developed on the basis of the dynamic material model and compression data. A three-dimensional distribution of power dissipation parameter (η) with strain rate and temperature reveals thatηdecreases in sensitivity with an increase in strain rate and a decrease in temperature. Microstructure studies show that the grain size of GH4706 alloy increases whenηis larger than 0.32, and the microstructure exhibits local deformation whenηis smaller than 0.23. The hot processing map at the strain of 0.7 exposes a domain peak atη=0.32 for the temperature between 940°C and 970°C with the strain rate from 0.015 s~(-1) to 0.003 s~(-1), and these are the optimum parameters for hot working.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of spark plasma sintered Ti-Mo alloys for dental applications

Ti-Mo alloys with various Mo contents from 6wt%to 14wt%were processed by spark plasma sintering based on elemental pow-ders. The influence of sintering temperature and Mo content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the resulting alloys were in-vestigated. For each Mo concentration, the optimum sintering temperature was determined, resulting in a fully dense and uniform micro-structure of the alloy. The optimized sintering temperature gradually increases in the range of 1100-1300°C with the increase in Mo content. The microstructure of the Ti-(6-12)Mo alloy consists of acicularαphase surrounded by equiaxed grains ofβphase, while the Ti-14Mo al-loy only contains singleβphase. A small amount of fineαlath precipitated fromβphase contributes to the improvement in strength and hardness of the alloys. Under the sintering condition at 1250°C, the Ti-12Mo alloy is found to possess superior mechanical properties with the Vickers hardness of Hv 472, the compressive yield strength of 2182 MPa, the compression rate of 32.7%, and the elastic modulus of 72.1 GPa. These results demonstrate that Ti-Mo alloys fabricated via spark plasma sintering are indeed a perspective candidate alloy for dental applications.
重视生活方式干预,提高高血压管理水平

尽管抗高血压药物的研制及临床应用不断发展,然而以生活方式干预为代表的非药物措施仍为一种不容忽视和不可替代的治疗方法。近期推出的多项欧美国家高血压和心血管病防治指南均突出了生活方式干预。《中国高血压防治指南2010》也强调,健康的生活方式,在任何时候,对任何高血压患者(包括正常高值血压者)都是有效的治疗方法,可降低血压,控制其他危险因素和临床情况。
Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, DNA cleavage and antibacterial studies of a novel tridentate Schiff base and some lanthanide(III) complexes

A novel potential tridentate Schiff base was prepared by condensing equimolar quantities of 2-hydroxyacetophenone and 2-aminopyrimidine in methanol. This ligand was versatile in forming a series of complexes with lanthanide ions such as La(III), Pr(III), Nd(III), Sm(III), Gd(III), Dy(III) and Yb(III). The ligand and the metal complexes were characterized through elemental analysis, molar conductance, UV-Visible, IR, ~1H NMR, and mass spectral studies. The spectral studies indicated that the ligand was coordinated to the metal ion in neutral tridentate fashion through the azomethine nitrogen, one of the nitrogen atoms in the pyrimidine ring and the phenolic oxygen without deprotonation. Thermal decomposition and luminescence property of lanthanum(III) complex were also examined. The X-ray diffraction patterns showed the crystalline nature of the ligand and its lanthanum(III) complex. The DNA cleavage studies of the ligand and the metal complexes were carried out and it was observed that the lanthanum(III) and neo-dymium(III) complexes cleaved the pUC19 DNA effectively. The ligand and the metal complexes were screened for their antibacte-rial activities. The metal complexes were found to be more potent bactericides than the ligand.
Co-occurrence Patterns of Above-ground and Below-ground Mite Communities in Farmland of Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China

One of the fundamental questions in community ecology is whether communities are random or formed by deterministic mechanisms. Although many efforts have been made to verify non-randomness in community structure, little is known with regard to co-occurrence patterns in above-ground and below-ground communities. In this paper, we used a null model to test non-randomness in the structure of the above-ground and below-ground mite communities in farmland of the Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China. Then, we used four tests for non-randomness to recognize species pairs that would be demonstrated as significantly aggregated or segregated co-occurrences of the above-ground and below-ground mite communities. The co-occurrence pattern of the above-ground mite community was significantly non-random in October, suggesting species segregation and hence interspecific competition. Additionally, species co-occurrence patterns did not differ from randomness in the above-ground mite community in August or in below-ground mite communities in August and October. Only one significant species pair was detected in the above-ground mite community in August, while no significant species pairs were recognized in the above-ground mite community in October or in the below-ground mite communities in August and October. The results indicate that non-randomness and significant species pairs may not be the general rule in the above-ground and below-ground mite communities in farmland of the Sanjiang Plain at the fine scale.
Diurnal and Seasonal Dynamics of Soil Respiration at Temperate Leymus Chinensis Meadow Steppes in Western Songnen Plain, China

To evaluate the diurnal and seasonal variations in soil respiration(Rs) and understand the controlling factors, we measured carbon dioxide(CO_2) fluxes and their environmental variables using a LI-6400 soil CO_2 flux system at a temperate Leymus chinensis meadow steppe in the western Songnen Plain of China in the growing season(May–October) in 2011 and 2012. The diurnal patterns of soil respiration could be expressed as single peak curves, reaching to the maximum at 11:00–15:00 and falling to the minimum at 21:00–23:00(or before dawn). The time-window between 7:00 and 9:00 could be used as the optimal measuring time to represent the daily mean soil CO_2 efflux. In the growing season, the daily value of soil CO_2 efflux was moderate in late spring(1.06–2.51 μmol/(m~2·s) in May), increased sharply and presented a peak in summer(2.95–3.94 μmol/(m~2·s) in July), and then decreased in autumn(0.74–0.97 μmol/(m~2·s) in October). Soil temperature(Ts) exerted dominant control on the diurnal and seasonal variations of soil respiration. The temperature sensitivity of soil respiration(Q_(10)) exhibited a large seasonal variation, ranging from 1.35 to 3.32, and decreased with an increasing soil temperature. Rs gradually increased with increasing soil water content(Ws) and tended to decrease when Ws exceeded the optimum water content(27%) of Rs. The Ts and Ws had a confounding effect on Rs, and the two-variable equations could account for 72% of the variation in soil respiration(p < 0.01).
Extraction and Analysis of Gully Head of Loess Plateau in China Based on Digital Elevation Model

In China′s Loess Plateau area, gully head is the most active zone of a drainage system in gully areas. The differentiation of loess gully head follows geospatial patterns and reflects the process of the loess landform development and evolution of its drainage system to some extent. In this study, the geomorphic meaning, basic characteristics, morphological structure and the basic types of loess gully heads were systematically analysed. Then, the loess gully head′s conceptual model was established, and an extraction method based on Digital Elevation Model(DEM) for loess gully head features and elements was proposed. Through analysing the achieved statistics of loess gully head features, loess gully heads have apparently similar and different characteristics depending on the different loess landforms where they are found. The loess head characteristics reflect their growth period and evolution tendency to a certain degree, and they indirectly represent evolutionary mechanisms. In addition, the loess gully developmental stages and the evolutionary processes can be deduced by using loess gully head characteristics. This study is of great significance for development and improvement of the theoretical system for describing loess gully landforms.
Valuation of Lake and Marsh Wetlands Ecosystem Services in China

Wetlands are highly productive natural ecosystems, providing valuable goods and services. There is growing interest in transferring ecosystem service value from the existing wetlands studied to other wetlands ecosystems at a large geographic scale. The benefit transfer method uses the known values from wetlands to predict the value of other wetland sites. This methodology requires only limited time and resources. The present study calculated the value of the ecological services provided by lake and marsh wetlands in China in terms of biodiversity indices, water quality indices and economic indices. Basic data on wetlands were obtained through remote sensing images. The results show that: 1) The total ecosystem service value of the lake and marsh wetlands in 2008 was calculated to be 8.1841 × 10~(10) United States Dollars(USD), with the marsh and lake wetlands contributing 5.6329 × 10~(10) and 2.5512 × 10~(10) USD, respectively. Values of marsh ecosystem service were concentrated in Heilongjiang Province(2.5516 × 10~(10) USD), Qinghai Province(1.2014 × 10~(10) USD), and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(1.1884 × 10~(10) USD). The value of the lakes were concentrated in Tibet Autonomous Region(6.223 × 10~9 USD), Heilongjiang(5.810 × 10~9 USD), and Qinghai(5.500 × 10~9 USD). 2) Waste treatment and climate regulation services contributed to 26.29% and 24.74% respectively, of the total ecosystem service value of the marsh wetlands. Hydrological regulation and waste treatment contributed to 41.39% and 32.75%, respectively, of the total ecosystem service value of the lake wetlands. 3) The total ecological service value of the lake and marsh wetlands was 54.64% of the total service value of natural grassland ecosystems and 30.34% of the total service value of forests ecosystems in China.
Land Use Effects on Soil Organic Carbon, Microbial Biomass and Microbial Activity in Changbai Mountains of Northeast China

Land use changes are known to alter soil organic carbon (SOC) and microbial properties, however, information about how conversion of natural forest to agricultural land use as well as plantations affects SOC and microbial properties in the Changbai Mountains of Northeast China is meager. Soil carbon content, microbial biomass carbon (MBC), basal respiration and soil carbon mineralization were studied in five selected types of land use: natural old-growth broad-leaved Korean pine mixed forest (NF); spruce plantation (SP) established following clear-cutting of NF; cropland (CL); ginseng farmland (GF) previously under NF; and a five-year Mongolian oak young forest (YF) reforested on an abandoned GF, in the Changbai Mountains of Northeast China in 2011. Results showed that SOC content was significantly lower in SP, CL, GF, and YF than in NF. MBC ranged from 304.4 mg/kg in CL to 1350.3 mg/kg in NF, which was significantly higher in the soil of NF than any soil of the other four land use types. The SOC and MBC contents were higher in SP soil than in CL, GF, and YF soils, yielding a significant difference between SP and CL. The value of basal respiration was also higher in NF than in SP, CL, GF, and YF. Simultaneously, higher values of the metabolic quotient were detected in CL, GF, and YF soils, indicating low substrate utilization of the soil microbial community compared with that in NF and SP soil. The values of cumulative mineralized carbon and potentially mineralized carbon (C_0) in NF were significantly higher than those in CL and GF, while no significant difference was observed between NF and SP. In addition, YF had higher values of C_0 and C mineralization rate compared with GF. The results indicate that conversion from NF into agricultural land (CL and GF) uses and plantation may lead to a reduction in soil nutrients (SOC and MBC) and substrate utilization efficiency of the microbial community. By contrast, soils below SP were more conducive to the preservation of soil organic matter, which was reflected in the comparison of microbial indicators among CL, GF, and YF land uses. This study can provide data for evaluating soils nutrients under different land use types, and serve as references for the rational land use of natural forest in the study area.
基于环境因子和联合概率方法的土壤有机质空间预测

土壤连续属性(如土壤中养分含量、重金属含量等)的空间分布特征和定量分布信息是进行土壤质量评价和区域环境综合评估的基础。精准农业战略的实施和各种区域生态评价均需要更详细更精确的土壤属性信息作为依据。因此,土壤属性空间预测一直是土壤学研究的热点问题。经典地统计学以各种克里格插值法为代表,是土壤属性空间预测中的常用方法。但该方法缺乏对辅助信息(如环境信息)的有效利用,导致预测精度降低。而土壤景观定量模型的理论依据就是土壤与环境的关系,但该法忽略了采样点之间的空间相关性。因此这两种方法存在互补性。近些年来也出现了综合两种思路的方法,如协同克里格、回归克里格(Regression Kriging, RK) 、分层克里格(Stratified Kriging)、地理权重回归等。与普通克里格方法相比较,在环境因子与被预测变量相关性较强时,这些方法的预测精度均高于普通克里格方法。但这些方法在综合利用多种不同数据类型的环境信息方面仍各有不足:如协同克里格虽然能将环境因子作为辅助变量,但当辅助变量多时则在联合区域上有困难;分层克里格只是将环境信息作为一个分层或分区的依据。
云南省西双版纳州茶园土壤养分状况分析

对云南省西双版纳州具有代表的茶园土壤进行了调查,分析测定了21个样点的养分含量,结果显示:西双版纳州茶园土壤pH、有机质、碱解氮、有效磷以及速效钾含量的平均值分别是4.65、27.07 g/kg、114.16 mg/kg、 14.90 mg/kg 和112.09 mg/kg,养分变异较大。对照优质、高效、高产茶园的土壤营养诊断指标,西双版纳茶园养分特征表现为有机质含量丰富,碱解氮和速效钾含量以及土壤的酸碱度适中,有效磷含量较缺乏。
A multi-epitope vaccine based on Chlamydia trachomatis major outer membrane protein induces specific immunity in mice

We evaluated the immunogenicity and efficacy of a candidate vaccine comprising the major outer membrane protein (MOMP) multi-epitope of Chlamydia trachomatis. A short gene of multi-epitope derived from MOMP containing multiple T- and B-cell epitopes was artificially synthesized. The recombinant plasmid pET32a(+) containing codon optimized MOMP multi-epitope gene was constructed. Expression of the fusion protein Trx-His-MOMP multi-epitope in Escherichia coli was confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and western blot analysis. Balb/c mice were inoculated with the purified fusion protein subcutaneously three times with 2-week intervals. Results showed that the MOMP multi-epitope elicited not only strong humoral immune responses to C. trachomatis by generating significantly high levels of specific antibodies (IgGl and IgG2a), but also a cellular immune response by inducing robust cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses in mice. Furthermore, the MOMP multi-epitope substantially primed secretion of IFN-γ, revealing that this vaccine could induce a strong Thl response. Finally, the mice vaccinated with the MOMP multi-epitope displayed a reduction of C. trachomatis shedding upon a chlamydial challenge and an accelerated clearance of the infected C. trachomatis. In conclusion, the MOMP multi-epitope vaccine may have the potentiality for the development of effective prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines against the C. trachomatis infection.
米卡芬净治疗儿童肺侵袭性真菌感染75例临床研究

目的分析、评价米卡芬净治疗儿童肺侵袭性真菌感染的临床疗效及安全性。方法选择该院儿科血液肿瘤病房诊治的小儿血液病及原发性免疫缺陷病并发肺侵袭性真菌感染患儿75例,应用米卡芬净进行治疗,剂量为2.5~5.0mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1),每天1次静脉输注,2周1个疗程,治疗1~2疗程,同时高分辨率CT动态随访胸部及监测各脏器功能指标。结果痊愈5例,显效62例,进步4例,无效4例,总有效率为89.3%;其中,死亡2例,病死率为2.7%。本组患儿未发现严重不良反应。结论加强侵袭性真菌感染早期诊断,尽早对拟诊肺侵袭性真菌感染经验性治疗是成功的关键,米卡芬净在儿童肺侵袭性真菌感染治疗中显示了安全、有效的抗真菌作用。
舒芬太尼、丙泊酚复合东莨菪碱在无痛肠镜检查中的效果观察

目的探讨舒芬太尼、丙泊酚复合东莨菪碱无痛肠镜检查中的临床效果及安全性。方法160例美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)I~II级拟行肠镜检查的患者分为两组,每组80例:A组(对照组)先静脉注射舒芬太尼0.1μg/kg,再静脉注射丙泊酚1.5mg/kg;B组(实验组)在A组基础上増加0.006mg/kg东莨菪碱静脉注射。意识消失后开始置入肠镜。进镜中发现患者有肢体运动及睫毛反射后视情况追加丙泊酚0.5~1.0mg/kg。结肠镜到达回盲部时停止给药。记录麻醉前(T_1)、入镜后2min(T_2)、肠镜达回盲部(T_3)、检查结束(T_4)时两组患者的心率(HR)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、脉搏血氧饱和度(Sp0_2)。记录肠镜检查时间、清醒时间,统计丙泊酚用量及各种不良反应。结果与T_1比较,两组患者HR、SBP、DBP、Sp0_2在各时点均下降;给药后各时点组间比较,B组下降幅度较A组小,循环更为平稳(P<0.05)。B组术中肠腔视野暴露优于A组,肠镜检查时间、丙泊酚用量,不良反应事件明显少于A组(P<0.05)。结论舒芬太尼、丙泊酚复合东莨菪碱用于无痛肠镜检查术中循环更为平稳,是一种安全有效、可行的镇痛方法。
血清降钙素原在各种创伤诊断及治疗中的临床价值

降钙素原(PCT)是无激素活性的降钙素前肽物质,由甲状腺C细胞生成,健康人血浆中含量极微(0.1 μg/L),半衰期为25 ~ 30 h,在一般的情况下PCT由甲状腺C细胞产生,可通过特异蛋白裂解为降钙素及其产物。而在发生严重细菌感染和败血症时,PCT受细菌毒素和炎性细胞因子的诱导刺激,除去甲状腺以外的部位也可产生,但部位不明确,包括各种器官(例如肝脏)中的巨噬细胞和单核细胞都可能成为PCT的来源。创伤是机械因素加于人体所造成的组织或器官的破坏,其种类繁多,根据发生的地点、受伤部位、受伤组织、至伤因素及皮肤的完整性可进行进一步的细化分类。严重创伤可因后续发生的诸如全身炎症反应综合征、脓毒血症、多器官功能衰竭综合征等并发症而致死。所以,及时发现创伤所造成的机体反应,并采取快速而有效的治疗措施,需要密切观察患者的临床表现及实验室检查。如今,有众多研究发现,血清PCT的升高与多种创伤本身及其各类后续的并发症的发生密切相关。
严重烧伤等应激状态下细胞外热休克蛋白70对免疫系统的影响

传统认为,热休克蛋白70(HSP70)只能在细胞内通过帮助新生的和变性的蛋白质的正确折叠、促进不可恢复的变性蛋白质的降解而发挥生物学功能,近年来陆续有报道,HSP70作为一种通常被认为存在于细胞内的保护性蛋白质也可释放到细胞外,作为免疫系统的信号因子,调节免疫细胞的功能,刺激免疫细胞,释放多种炎症因子,改善严重烧伤等应激后的免疫抑制状态,增强机体的免疫功能。现HSP70从细胞内释放的机制及其在细胞外的免疫功能成为国内外研究的重点,本文就细胞外热休克蛋白70(eHSP70)的起源、受体及其作用机制和严重烧伤等应激状态下对免疫系统的影响,综述如下。
青年患者原发性血小板增多症致急性心肌梗死1例

综上所述,治疗ET除按常规治疗予以降低血小板数量外,同时还应注意对血小板功能的干预治疗,目前主张应用羟基脲降低血小板数目,阿司匹林和氯吡格雷同时联用替罗非班的治疗方案,其中替罗非班为血小板GH IIb Ⅲa 受体拮抗剂,对拮抗活化的血小板效果好,本患者术后坚持服药抗血小板聚集及口服羟基脲降血小板治疗,定期随访患者血小板计数,至目前为止血小板计数已经维持在正常范围,且未见再梗死及支架内血栓等并发症。
颜面部外伤后异物误诊1例分析

我们报道1例颜面部外伤后异物误诊病例,系首诊医生为紧急止血缝合创口,忽略创口内异物残留可能性;再诊时医生问诊也不够详细且未及时结合影像学检查,异物材质影响成像、摄片时间等多方面原因所致,提示对类似病例应详细询问受伤时情况并认真检查伤口,尽量结合影像学诊断以避免给患者造成不应有的损害。
组织弥散弹性成像定量参数鉴别诊断肝炎后肝纤维化程度的价值

肝纤维化(LF)是肝硬化的早期改变,如果在此时消除病因,积极治疗,纤维化可以逐步缓解。我们应用无创的超声弹性成像技术评估LF程度,并探讨LF指数诊断早期肝硬化期及LF期的最佳临界值。
蛇毒三指蛋白及其镇痛作用的研究进展

蛇毒中含有多种具有药理作用的多肽及蛋白质,三指蛋白属于其蛋白家族中的一种。三指蛋白止痛无成瘾性,无依赖性,用量少,镇痛作用时间长。为揭示其镇痛机制,从而开发出选择性高、安全性好、副作用小的镇痛药,本文综述了三指蛋白及其镇痛作用的研究进展,以期为相关研究提供参考依据。
Missed Nursing Care

Ensuring quality nursing care and patient safety is a major challenge facing nurses and nurse leaders today. Worldwide, there is a recognition that patient errors occur with regularity. Patient errors can be either an act of commission (doing something wrong such as administering an incorrect medication) or an act of omission (failing to do the right thing such as not ambulating a patient as needed) that leads to an adverse outcome or has significant potential for such an outcome. According to the AHRQ,"errors of omission are more difficult to recognize than errors of commission but likely represent a larger problem". Missed nursing care was first studied in 2006.It is defined as any aspect of required patient care that is omitted (either in part or in whole) or delayed. This article will summarize the findings of studies about missed nursing care and provide the clinical implications for nursing care and patient safety.
肝胆胰外科数字化微创导航研究进展

在传统外科手术中,医生为了确保手术的成功率,手术切口常做得很大,病灶的定位和切除主要靠医生的经验和技术水平,缺少客观的衡量标准。如果能够借助计算机系统在重重血管间找到肿瘤的准确位置,那么诊治的效果一定会更好。外科手术导航系统(image guided surgery,IGS)就是为了实现这一愿景而产生的。IGS可以向医生提供手术器械位置的直观、实时信息,医生可依靠实时的定位及预设方案的引导,做到手术切口尽量小,在手术中避开重要的组织结构直达病灶,使手术更安全、快速,更彻底地切除病灶。
转录因子Twist在乳腺癌中的研究进展

Twist是一种碱性螺旋-环-螺旋(basic helix-loop-helix,bHLH)类型的转录因子,Twist基因除了在胚胎发育过程中发挥重要作用之外,在肿瘤进展过程中还能独立诱导一系列间充质标志物产生,并能参与某些上皮来源的肿瘤细胞发生上皮间质转化(EMT)。Twist在乳腺癌中的表达显著升高,在乳腺癌的发生、发展、治疗及预后中都起着重要作用。深入研究Twist在乳腺癌侵袭、转移中的作用机制,将有望为乳腺癌的诊断及治疗提供新的理论依据。本文主要对Twist在乳腺癌中所发挥的作用予以综述。
单核巨噬细胞在梅毒免疫中的作用

梅毒是苍白密螺旋体引起的一种慢性传染病。目前认为梅毒的表象和过程由迟发型超敏反应(DHC)的水平决定,强烈的DHC与成熟硬下疳时期机体清除自身感染的微生物有关,二期、三期梅毒中多种变化的症状是免疫反应未能彻底清除微生物的表现。在一期硬下疳及二期损害中浸润细胞主要为淋巴细胞及浆细胞,可有巨噬细胞,巨细胞罕见。晚期活动性梅毒皮损内有大量的细胞浸润,有时有巨细胞。晚期心血管及中枢神经系统梅毒有相似的细胞浸润。淋巴器官组织病理表现为持续的淋巴样组织增生,淋巴窦尤其是引流感染皮肤的区域充满增大淡染的巨噬细胞。巨噬细胞在梅毒的三期病变中都能观察到,而其相关免疫学机制尚未完全阐明。研究者对巨噬细胞免疫学机制的了解正在逐步加深,对巨噬细胞在梅毒中的免疫学作用机制进行概述。
我国梅毒流行形势与控制对策探讨

在20世纪80年代初,梅毒在我国死灰复燃。至2013年,我国梅毒报告发病率达32.86/10万,居全国甲乙类法定传染病发病排序第3位,巳成为我国重要的公共卫生和社会问题之一。我国梅毒疫情的快速上升值得深思。梅毒可防、可治、可控,检测手段易于实施,医疗条件成熟,至今尚未发现耐青霉素的梅毒螺旋体,全国各地普遍开展梅毒血清检测,为什么我国梅毒疫情仍未得到有效遏制?现就此问题提出建议。
Modeling and simulation of nanoscale tri-gate MOSFETs including quantum effects

Quantum effects are predominant in tri-gate MOSFETs, so a model should be developed. For the first time, this paper presents the analytical model for quantization effects of thin film silicon tri-gate MOSFETs by using variational approach. An analytical expression of the inversion charge distribution function(ICDF) or wave function for the tri-gate MOSFETs has been obtained. This obtained ICDF is used to calculate the important device parameters, such as the inversion charge centroid and inversion charge density. The results are validated against with the simulation data.
Effect of temperature on phase transition behavior of antiferroelectric (Pb_(0.97)La_(0.02))(Zr_(0.75)Sn_(0.25-x)Ti_x)O_3 ceramics

Pb_(0.9)7La_(0.02)(Zr_(0.75)Sn_(0.25-x)Ti_x/O_3 (x D 0.10, 0.105, 0.11) (PLZST) antiferroelectric ceramics with highly preferred-(110) orientation were successfully fabricated via the conventional solid-state reaction method. The antiferroelectric nature of PLZST ceramics induced by electric field was demonstrated by the dielectric constant-temperature (D-T) and the polarization-electric field (P-E) measurement. Typical phase transition from ferroelectric (FE) to antiferroelectric (AFE), and then to paraelectric (PE) is obtained. The results indicate that the phase transition behavior is suppressed with increasing of x, and T_c is remarkably shifted to higher temperature of 168 ℃, 170 ℃ and 174 ℃, respectively. Besides, high phase transition current (1 × 10~(-6) A, 8 × 10~(-7) A and 6 × 10~(-7) A, respectively) is obtained with temperature induced. Consequently, the excellent electric properties and the restraint between temperature and electric field would provide basis on the application of PLZST antiferroelectric ceramics in microelectronic integrated systems and sophisticated weapons systems.
The atmospheric circulation patterns influencing the frequency of spring sanddust storms in the Tarim Basin

Using NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data and the sandstorm frequency data from 37 weather stations in the Tarim Basin for the period 1961-2009, the relationship between the frequency of spring sandstorms in the Tarim Basin and the associated atmospheric circulation patterns is analyzed in this study. We found significantly negative correlations between sandstorm frequency and the 500-hPa geopotential height over the Paris Basin and midwestern Mongolia, while there were positive correlations over the Ural River region. The rising of the 500-hPa geopotential height in midwestern Mongolia and its falling over the Ural region correspond to a weakening of the large-scale wave patterns in the Eurasian region, which directly causes the frequency of the sand-dust storms in the Tarim Basin to decline. Also, the abrupt decline in the spring sandstorm frequency in the Tarim Basin observed in the last half-century is associated with profound changes in the atmospheric circulation in these key regions. At the interannual scale, the strengthened cyclonic atmospheric circulation patterns in the western part of Mongolia and the anticyclonic patterns over the East European plains at 500-hPa geopotential height, are responsible for frequent sandstorm occurrences in the Tarim Basin.