mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
The Metasequoia genome and evolutionary relationships among redwoods

Redwood trees (Sequoioideae), including Metasequoia glyptostroboides (dawn redwood), Sequoiadendron giganteum (giant sequoia), and Sequoia sempervirens (coast redwood), are threatened and widely recognized iconic tree species. Genomic resources for redwood trees could provide clues to their evolutionary relationships. Here, we report the 8-Gb reference genome of M. glyptostroboides and a comparative analysis with two related species. More than 62% of the M. glyptostroboides genome is composed of repetitive sequences. Clade-specific bursts of long terminal repeat retrotransposons may have contributed to genomic differentiation in the three species. The chromosomal synteny between M. glyptostroboides and S. giganteum is extremely high, whereas there has been significant chromosome reorganization in S. sempervirens. Phylogenetic analysis of marker genes indicates that S. sempervirens is an autopolyploid, and more than 48% of the gene trees are incongruent with the species tree. Results of multiple analyses suggest that incomplete lineage sorting (ILS) rather than hybridization explains the inconsistent phylogeny, indicating that genetic variation among redwoods may be due to random retention of polymorphisms in ancestral populations. Functional analysis of ortholog groups indicates that gene families of ion channels, tannin biosynthesis enzymes, and transcription factors for meristem maintenance have expanded in S. giganteum and S. sempervirens, which is consistent with their extreme height. As a wetland-tolerant species, M. glyptostroboides shows a transcriptional response to flooding stress that is conserved with that of analyzed angiosperm species. Our study offers insights into redwood evolution and adaptation and provides genomic resources to aid in their conservation and management.
Insights into the evolution and spatial chromosome architecture of jujube from an updated gapless genome assembly

Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.), commonly called Chinese jujube, is a vital member of the Rhamnaceae family. It is famous for its tolerance to dry, barren, and saline-alkali soils, and its fruit has important nutritional and medicinal value. Recent fundamental research on jujube has involved assembly of draft genome sequences for the fresh-eating cultivar ‘Dongzao’ (Liu et al., 2014), dry-eating cultivar ‘Junzao’ (Huang et al., 2016), and wild sour jujube ‘Suanzao’ (Shen et al., 2021). However, genome evolution studies based on high-quality genome assemblies with large collinear regions have not been performed. Likewise, the spatial architecture of jujube chromosomes and its effect on gene transcription and regulation remain to be explored. Here, we report an updated gapless genome assembly of jujube (Z. jujuba Mill. Dongzao) and use it to characterize new features of jujube evolution and spatial chromosome organization.
VAMP726 from maize and Arabidopsis confers pollen resistance to heat and UV radiation by influencing lignin content of sporopollenin

Sporopollenin in the pollen cell wall protects male gametophytes from stresses. Phenylpropanoid derivatives, including guaiacyl (G) lignin units, are known to be structural components of sporopollenin, but the exact composition of sporopollenin remains to be fully resolved. We analyzed the phenylpropanoid derivatives in sporopollenin from maize and Arabidopsis by thioacidolysis coupled with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The NMR and GC-MS results confirmed the presence of p-hydroxyphenyl (H), G, and syringyl (S) lignin units in sporopollenin from maize and Arabidopsis. Strikingly, H units account for the majority of lignin monomers in sporopollenin from these species. We next performed a genome-wide association study to explore the genetic basis of maize sporopollenin composition and identified a vesicle-associated membrane protein (ZmVAMP726) that is strongly associated with lignin monomer composition of maize sporopollenin. Genetic manipulation of VAMP726 affected not only lignin monomer composition in sporopollenin but also pollen resistance to heat and UV radiation in maize and Arabidopsis, indicating that VAMP726 is functionally conserved in monocot and dicot plants. Our work provides new insight into the lignin monomers that serve as structural components of sporopollenin and characterizes VAMP726, which affects sporopollenin composition and stress resistance in pollen.
Establishment of a Multiplex Detection Method for Common Bacteria in Blood Based on Human Mannan-Binding Lectin Protein-Conjugated Magnetic Bead Enrichment Combined with Recombinase-Aided PCR Technology

Objective Recombinase-aided polymerase chain reaction (RAP) is a sensitive, single-tube, two-stage nucleic acid amplification method. This study aimed to develop an assay that can be used for the early diagnosis of three types of bacteremia caused by Staphylococcus aureus (SA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA), and Acinetobacter baumannii (AB) in the bloodstream based on recombinant human mannanbinding lectin protein (M1 protein)-conjugated magnetic bead (M1 bead) enrichment of pathogens combined with RAP. Methods Recombinant plasmids were used to evaluate the assay sensitivity. Common blood influenza bacteria were used for the specific detection. Simulated and clinical plasma samples were enriched with M1 beads and then subjected to multiple recombinase-aided PCR (M-RAP) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays. Kappa analysis was used to evaluate the consistency between the two assays. Results The M-RAP method had sensitivity rates of 1, 10, and 1 copies/μL for the detection of SA, PA, and AB plasmids, respectively, without cross-reaction to other bacterial species. The M-RAP assay obtained results for < 10 CFU/mL pathogens in the blood within 4 h, with higher sensitivity than qPCR. M-RAP and qPCR for SA, PA, and AB yielded Kappa values of 0.839, 0.815, and 0.856, respectively (P < 0.05). Conclusion An M-RAP assay for SA, PA, and AB in blood samples utilizing M1 bead enrichment has been developed and can be potentially used for the early detection of bacteremia.
Enhancing Geological Understanding and Identifying Gold Anomalies in the Ailaoshan Orogen

The Ailaoshan Orogen in the southeastern Tibet Plateau, situated between the Yangtze and Simao blocks, underwent a complex structural, magmatic, and metamorphic evolution resulting in different tectonic subzones with varying structural lineaments and elemental concentrations. These elements can conceal or reduce anomalies due to the mutual effect between different anomaly areas. Dividing the whole zone into subzones based on tectonic settings, ore cluster areas, or sample catchment basins (Scb), geochemical and structural anomalies associated with gold (Au) mineralization have been identified utilizing mean plus twice standard deviations (Mean + 2STD), factor analysis (FA), concentration-area (CA) modeling of stream sediment geochemical data, and lineament density in both the Ailaoshan Orogen and the individual subzones. The FA in the divided 98 Scbs with 6 Scbs containing Au deposits can roughly ascertain unknown rock types, identify specific element associations of known rocks and discern the porphyry or skarn-type Au mineralization. Compared with methods of Mean + 2STD and C-A model of data in the whole orogen, which mistake the anomalies as background or act the background as anomalies, the combined methods of FA and C-A in the separate subzones or Scbs works well in regional metallogenic potential analysis. Mapping of lineament densities with a 10-km circle diameter is not suitable to locate Au deposits because of the delineated large areas of medium-high lineament density. In contrast, the use of circle diameters of 1.3 km or 1.7 km in the ore cluster scale delineates areas with a higher concentration of lineament density, consistent with the locations of known Au deposits. By analyzing the map of faults and Au anomalies, two potential prospecting targets, Scbs 1 and 63 with a sandstone as a potential host rock for Au, have been identified in the Ailaoshan Orogen. The use of combined methods in the divided subzones proved to be more effective in improving geological understanding and identifying mineralization anomalies associated with Au, rather than analyzing the entire large area.
Three-Dimensional Density Distribution and Seismic Activity along the Guxiang-Tongmai Segment of the Jiali Fault, Tibet

The Guxiang-Tongmai segment of the Jiali fault is situated northeast of the Namche Barwa Syntaxis in northeastern Tibet. It is one of the most active strike-slip faults near the syntaxis and plays a pivotal role in the examination of seismic activity within the eastern Himalayan Syntaxis. New study in the research region has yielded a 1:200000 gravity dataset covering an area 1500 km~2. Using wavelet transform multiscale decomposition, scratch analysis techniques, and 3D gravity inversion methods, gravity anomalies, fault distributions, and density structures were determined across various scales. Through the integration of our new gravity data with other geophysical and geological information, our findings demonstrate substantial variations in the overall crustal density within the region, with the fault distribution closely linked to these density fluctuations. Disparities in stratigraphic density are important causes of variations in the capacity of geological formations to endure regional tectonic stress. Earthquakes are predominantly concentrated within the density transition zone and are primarily situated in regions of elevated density. The hanging wall stress within the Guxiang-Tongmai segment of the Jiali fault exhibits a notable concentration, marked by pronounced anisotropy, and is positioned within the density differential zone, which is prone to earthquakes.
Microstructured fluorescence in liquid crystals with femtosecond laser excitation

This study investigated direct fluorescence generation from a nematic liquid crystal (NLC) NJU-LDn-4 under femtosecond laser excitation. The absorption, transmittance, excitation, and emission spectra of the NLC were assessed. The relationship between the femtosecond pump power and fluorescence intensity was analyzed, revealing a quadratic increase and indicating that two-photon absorption (2PA) is the primary fluorescence mechanism. The LC microstructure was designed using photoalignment technology, allowing the generated fluorescence to reflect the corresponding structure. This research can establish a foundation for tunable LC microstructured fluorescence, with potential applications in fluorescence microscopy and optoelectronics.
Fast nuclear-spin gates and electrons-nuclei entanglement of neutral atoms in weak magnetic fields

We present a novel class of Rydberg-mediated nuclear-spin entanglement in divalent atoms with global laser pulses. First, we show a fast nuclearspin controlled phase gate of an arbitrary phase realizable either with two laser pulses when assisted by Stark shifts, or with three pulses. Second, we propose to create an electrons-nuclei-entangled state, which is named a super bell state (SBS) for it mimics a large Bell state incorporating three small Bell states. Third, we show a protocol to create a three-atom electrons- nuclei entangled state which contains the three-body W and Greenberger- Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states simultaneously. These protocols possess high intrinsic fidelities, do not require single-site Rydberg addressing,and can be executed with large Rydberg Rabi frequencies in a weak,Gauss-scale magnetic field. The latter two protocols can enable measurement- based preparation of Bell, hyperentangled, and GHZ states, and,specifically, SBS can enable quantum dense coding where one can share three classical bits of information by sending one particle.
Brain-inspired multimodal approach for effluent quality prediction using wastewater surface images and water quality data

Efficiently predicting effluent quality through data-driven analysis presents a significant advancement for consistent wastewater treatment operations. In this study, we aimed to develop an integrated method for predicting effluent COD and NH_3 levels. We employed a 200 L pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) to gather multimodal data from urban sewage over 40 d. Then we collected data on critical parameters like COD, DO, pH, NH_3, EC, ORP, SS, and water temperature, alongside wastewater surface images, resulting in a data set of approximately 40246 points. Then we proposed a brain-inspired image and temporal fusion model integrated with a CNN-LSTM network (BITF-CL) using this data. This innovative model synergized sewage imagery with water quality data, enhancing prediction accuracy. As a result, the BITF-CL model reduced prediction error by over 23% compared to traditional methods and still performed comparably to conventional techniques even without using DO and SS sensor data. Consequently, this research presents a cost-effective and precise prediction system for sewage treatment, demonstrating the potential of brain-inspired models.
Competitive effect, but not competitive response, varies along a climatic gradient depending on tree species identity

Background: Understanding the role of species identity in interactions among individuals is crucial for assessing the productivity and stability of mixed forests over time. However, there is limited knowledge concerning the variation in competitive effect and response of different species along climatic gradients. In this study, we investigated the importance of climate, tree size, and competition on the growth of three tree species: spruce (Picea abies), fir (Abies alba), and beech (Fagus sylvatica), and examined their competitive response and effect along a climatic gradient. Methods: We selected 39 plots distributed across the European mountains with records of the position and growth of 5,759 individuals. For each target species, models relating tree growth to tree size, climate and competition were proposed. Competition was modelled using a neighbourhood competition index that considered the effects of inter- and intraspecific competition on target trees. Competitive responses and effects were related to climate. Likelihood methods and information theory were used to select the best model. Results: Our findings revealed that competition had a greater impact on target species growth than tree size or climate. Climate did influence the competitive effects of neighbouring species, but it did not affect the target species' response to competition. The strength of competitive effects varied along the gradient, contingent on the identity of the interacting species. When the target species exhibited an intermediate competitive effect relative to neighbouring species, both higher inter- than intraspecific competitive effects and competition reduction occurred along the gradient. Notably, species competitive effects were most pronounced when the target species' growth was at its peak and weakest when growing conditions were far from their maximum. Conclusions: Climate modulates the effects of competition from neighbouring trees on the target tree and not the susceptibility of the target tree to competition. The modelling approach should be useful in future research to expand our knowledge of how competition modulates forest communities across environmental gradients.
Cavity continuum

We experimentally demonstrate and numerically analyze large arrays of whispering gallery resonators. Using fluorescent mapping, we measure the spatial distribution of the cavity ensemble’s resonances, revealing that light reaches distant resonators in various ways, including while passing through dark gaps, resonator groups, or resonator lines. Energy spatially decays exponentially in the cavities. Our practically infinite periodic array of resonators, with a quality factor (Q) exceeding 107,might impact a new type of photonic ensembles for nonlinear optics and lasers using our cavity continuum that is distributed, while having high-Q resonators as unit cells.
心脏房间隔包虫囊肿一例

心脏棘球蚴病是一种罕见但潜在的严重疾病,一经发现建议手术治疗。因包虫病本身生物学特征较特殊,手术方式繁多,加之诊断流程、手术操作及药物治疗不规范等原因,可导致患者治疗后复发以及并发症的发生。首次不能得到合理诊断与治疗,发生并发症和(或)复发的比例高达30%,因此需要对患者进行个体化的药物、介入、手术等综合治疗,方能最终根治。
剪切波弹性成像在肩袖撕裂诊疗中的应用进展

肩关节是人体最复杂的关节复合体,其中肩袖是维持肩关节稳定性最为重要的解剖结构,由肩胛下肌、冈上肌、冈下肌和小圆肌组成。肩袖撕裂是引起慢性肩痛及肩关节功能障碍的常见原因,其发病率为20.7%~22.1%,且随着年龄增长而升高,其中冈上肌腱撕裂占90%以上。早期准确识别肩袖撕裂对临床诊治及改善患者预后具有重要意义。超声检查因具有简便、经济且能够实时动态成像等优点在肩袖撕裂诊断方面应用广泛,常规二维超声及多普勒超声可探查肩袖结构回声强度、厚度等形态学改变及血流变化情况,而剪切波弹性成像(shear wave elastography, SWE)作为一种评估组织硬度的新型超声诊断技术,可无创定量提供组织的力学特征信息,近年来已逐渐应用于肌肉骨骼系统。许多研究者发现SWE在肩袖撕裂术前评估及预后随访方面具有一定的应用价值。本文就SWE在肩袖撕裂中的应用进展做一综述。
Iron-Catalyzed Reductive C(aryl)—Si Cross-Coupling of Diaryl Ethers with Chlorosilanes

The reductive cross-coupling between C(aryl)—O and Si—Cl bonds is of much importance as a valuable strategy for the construction of C(aryl)—Si bonds but has remained a great challenge. Herein, we report a reductive cross-coupling of diaryl ethers and chlorosilanes via strong electrophilic C(aryl)—O and Si—Cl bonds cleavage by iron catalysis, which constitutes an efficient protocol for the synthesis of a range of functionalized arylsilanes. The combination of low cost FeCl_2 as the precatalyst and i PrMgCl as the reductant shows high activity in the successive cleavage of unactivated C(aryl)—O bonds of diaryl ethers and strong electrophilic Si—Cl bonds of chlorosilanes, allowing their cross-coupling in a reductive fashion. The low-valent iron species generated in situ by reduction of FeCl_2 with i PrMgCl was proposed, which prefers to initially cleavage the C(aryl)—O bond of diaryl ethers with the chelation help of an o-amide auxiliary.
Boosting electrochemical oxidation of As(III) on Fe-doped RuO_2/PEDOT/SnO_2 nanocomposite anode: Fabrication, performance and mechanism

Design of electrode materials for stable and efficient electrocatalytic oxidation of As(Ⅲ) in arseniccontaminated groundwater poses a great challenge due to the rapid deactivation of catalysts resulting from the high oxygen evolution potential (OEP) and considerable barrier to generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). Herein, an innovative TNAs/SnO_2/PEDOT/Fe(III)-RuO_2 multilayer electrode was synthesized by utilizing a PEDOT-coated SnO_2 interlayer as a supportive framework to combine Fe-doped amorphous RuO_2 catalytic layer with TiO_2 nanotube array substrate. Such electrode exhibited high activity and stability for the oxidation of As(III) to As(V) due to the large surface area provided by the TiO_2 nanotube arrays and the SnO_2/PEDOT interlayer for facilitating the growth of the catalytic layer. The electrochemically active surface area of the electrode reached as high as 31.7 mF/cm~2. Impressively, the doping of Fe into RuO_2 layer led to a remarkable increase in the OEP value to 3.12 V, which boosted the indirect oxidation process mediated by ROS at a lower potential to achieve the As(III) oxidation ratio of 98.5%. DFT calculations revealed that the Fe-doped amorphous RuO_2 weakened the adsorption strength of ·OH and ·SO_4~- intermediates and lowered the energy barrier for generating ROS. Combined with ESR results, the formation of ·OH and ·SO_4~- with strong oxidizing properties was fully verified, providing further evidence for the involvement of ROS as the main mediator of the oxidation mechanism of As(III). This work may provide valuable perspectives into the design of catalytic layer structures and heteroatom doping modifications for composite-coated electrodes.
Achieving novel copper-steel joints with a combination of high strength and ductility reinforced by in-situ Fe-rich particles

Strength and ductility are typically mutually exclusive in traditional copper-steel joints. This work proposes a strategy to overcome the inherent trade-off between strength and ductility through high speed electron beam welding with a preferred deflection to facilitate the in-situ formation of Fe-rich particles in the Cu matrix. The Fe-rich particles with an average diameter of 178.5 nm feature a 3D spatial network distribution across practically the entire joint. The obtained joint reinforced with such Fe-rich particles achieves ultimate high tensile strength (413 MPa) while maintaining excellent ductility (22%). The improved strength of the copper-steel joint is derived from the combined effects of dislocation strengthening and grain refinement strengthening, while the increase in room-temperature ductility is mainly due to the high Schmid factor up to 0.454, which promotes the primary slip system to initiate easily during tensile deformation. This work provides a novel perspective on creating copper-steel joints in terms of achieving microstructural refinement and outstanding strength-ductility synergy.
3α-Hydroxybufadienolides in Bufo gallbladders: structural insights and biotransformation

Bufadienolides, naturally occurring steroids primarily found in toads, have garnered attention for their pharmacological properties and ecological significance. In this study, we isolated and identified 21 bufadienolides from the gallbladders of Bufo gargarizans, comprising four new compounds and 17 known ones. Notably, the predominance of 15 bufadienolides with a 3α-OH configuration in toad bile differs significantly from the 3β-OH bufadienolides found in venom secreted by toad glands. Moreover, our investigation into the biotransformation of 3β-OH and 3α-OH bufadienolides in the liver and kidney tissues of toads revealed an irreversible conversion from 3β-OH to 3α-OH bufadienolides, suggesting a crucial role in toad self-detoxification. These findings provide valuable insights into the structural diversity of bufadienolides and advance our understanding of their medical and ecological significance.
通腑息风汤对急性脑梗死患者的临床疗效

目的考察通腑息风汤对急性脑梗死患者的临床疗效。方法102例患者随机分为对照组和观察组,每组51例,对照组给予常规治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用通腑息风汤,疗程4周。检测BI评分、NIHSS评分、CAT、VEGF、bFGF、血压变异性(24 h收缩压、24 h舒张压)、缺血半暗带体积变化。结果治疗后,2组BI评分、CAT、VEGF、bFGF升高(P<0.05),NIHSS评分、血压变异性降低(P<0.05),缺血半暗带体积减小(P<0.05),以观察组更明显(P<0.05)。结论通腑息风汤可改善急性脑梗死患者神经功能障碍,提高日常生活自理能力,稳定血压,促进康复。
双侧丘脑底核联合苍白球内侧部电刺激治疗肌张力障碍1例并文献复习

肌张力障碍是一种严重影响患者生命质量的运动障碍性疾病,对于药物治疗无效的患者多选择脑深部电刺激(DBS)治疗为主。治疗靶点选择苍白球内侧部(GPi)更广泛;近年,以丘脑底核(STN)为靶点的报道越来越多。本文报道1例先经双侧STN-DBS治疗效果不佳后再次给予双侧GPi-DBS治疗的肌张力障碍患者,给予两靶点联合刺激后,患者的症状改善明显,恢复良好。
CBI-M——颅脑创伤特征分类新的里程碑

长期以来,临床医生以格拉斯哥昏迷评分为标准进行颅脑创伤伤情分类,这一分类的缺陷在当前精准医疗的背景下日益凸显。为此,国际神经外科学界努力推进颅脑创伤特征的新分类,依照CBI-M分类方案,从临床症状、血清生物标志物、影像学、修正因素等方面纳入患者的基线指标,进行伤情评估并指导后续的治疗。颅脑创伤新分类方式将深刻影响专科发展进程,对世界范围的专业推动有促进作用,值得国内同道学习和推广。
Enhancing hydrolytic stability of dynamic imine bonds and polymers in acidic media with internal protecting groups

Imine bonds are among the most explored building motifs in dynamic chemistry, polymers, and materials, and yet, their acid-resistance remains a longstanding issue. Herein we demonstrate a concept of internal protecting groups for improving the kinetic stability of dynamic imine bonds and polymers. Systematic examination of structure-reactivity relationship of a series of aldehydes/imines bearing a neighboring carboxyl allowed uncovering of required structural features for dynamically masking imine bonds with cyclic structures. Mechanistic studies indicated that noncovalent interactions along with sterics control the ringchain equilibrium and the stability of imine bonds. The incorporation of internal protecting groups into imine polymers further enabled their controlled stability in acidic media. Moreover, a combination of dynamic covalent network and coordination supramolecular network provided a facile means for the modulation of luminescent and mechanical properties of polymers. The strategies and results reported should be beneficial to molecular assemblies, dynamic polymers, biological delivery, and intelligent materials.