mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
姜黄素通过激活AMPK抑制人肝癌细胞HL-7702的增殖

目的观察姜黄素对体外培养人肝癌细胞HL-7702增殖的影响。方法体外培养HL-7702,分别以50、100 μmol/L姜黄素处理48 h,噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测细胞的增殖情况,Western印迹方法检测细胞内AMP蛋白激酶(AMPK)与p-AMPK蛋白含量;以AMPK激活剂(AICAR)、AMPK抑制剂(compound C)联合姜黄素处理体外培养的HL-7702 48 h,MTT法检测细胞增殖情况。结果姜黄素处理48 h后,HL-7702细胞增殖受到抑制,且抑制程度呈剂量依赖性,细胞中AMPK与p-AMPK蛋白水平上调;与AICAR联合应用,姜黄素对HL-7702的增殖抑制作用无明显改变;与compound C联合应用,姜黄素对HL-7702增殖抑制作用减弱;同时与AICAR和compound C联合应用,姜黄素对HL-7702的增殖抑制作用无明显变化。结论姜黄素可抑制人肝癌细胞HL-7702增殖,其作用机制可能与激活AMPK有关。
非小细胞肺癌中FADD蛋白的表达及与细胞凋亡蛋白P53的关系

目的探讨非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)中Fas相关死亡域蛋白(FADD)的表达及与细胞凋亡蛋白P53关系。方法采用免疫组化方法分别检测61例肺癌组织和30例癌旁正常组织中的FADD和P53表达,然后进行比较。结果61例肺癌组织中FADD蛋白阳性率为88.52%,30例癌旁正常组织中FADD蛋白阳性率96.67%,两者比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);而61例肺癌组织中P53蛋白阳性率为75.41%,明显高于30例癌旁组织(0.00%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。在61例肺癌组织中FADD蛋白与P53蛋白表达具有较好的相关性(χ~2=12.56,P<0.01)。在NSCLC中FADD蛋白及P53蛋白的表达与患者的年龄、性别、吸烟史、临床分型、病理类型、淋巴结转移、肿瘤直径等指标无明显的关系(P>0.05),而与NSCLC的分化程度、TNM分期有关(P<0.01)。结论FADD蛋白与P53蛋白在NSCLC中表达具有良好的一致性,检测手术后肺癌组织的FADD和P53蛋白表达水平,可作为评估NSCLC预后情况的手段之一。
阿尔茨海默病评定量表-认知部分中文版与日常生活能力量表评价血管性痴呆的信度与效度

目的研究阿尔茨海默病评定量表-认知部分中文版量表(ADAS-Cog)与日常生活能力(ADL)量表共同评价轻中度血管性痴呆(VD)患者的信度与效度,试探将两量表合并为一表精简重复的项目,添加部分缺乏的相关项目。方法选取76例符合NINDS-AIREN诊断标准确立的很可能VD患者为受试者,同时进行ADAS-Cog及ADL量表评分,考察两量表各条目间信度与效度。结果ADAS-Cog与ADL量表中各项的内部一致性信度较高,克朗巴赫(Cronbach)α系数=0.947。ADAS-Cog量表与ADL量表总分呈显著正相关性(r=0.720,P<0.01);并存在线性回归关系,回归方程为Y=0.696X+18.958。效度分析表明除基本ADL(BADL)第4项(简称B4,以下同)外,ADAS-Cog量表与ADL量表内部各项目均呈正相关性(r>0)。结论ADAS-Cog量表及ADL量表具有较高的信度,C7项与其他项目存在重复性,除B4外,两量表其余项目均有较好的效度。建议制作VD新量表时,在ADAS-Cog量表与ADL量表合并的基础上删除C7项及B4项,缩短评定时间,提高评价准确度,准确地为临床反映VD患者的智能情况及治疗效果提供比较敏感的标准化新工具。
皮下注射硼替佐米联合地塞米松治疗PEOMS综合征1例

该病例存在多发性周围神经病变、M蛋白、脾脏长大、甲状腺功能减退、皮肤变厚、胸腔积液、腹水和硬化性骨病变,达到NAKANISHI或DISPENZIERI 等提出的POEMS综合征诊断标准。POEMS综合征病因和发病机制并不清楚,有研究认为该病与浆细胞瘤或克隆性浆细胞产生异常球蛋白或分泌可溶性因子复合物有关。蛋白酶体抑制剂“硼替佐米”属注射剂,治疗多发性骨髓瘤效果良好,提示对POEMS综合征中异常浆细胞可能有较好抑制作用,但硼替佐米具有神经病变的副作用,可能加重POEMS 综合征周围神经病变。目前研究显示皮下注射硼替佐米治疗多发性骨髓瘤能够降低周围神经病变等副作用,且不降低疗效。根据以上研究结果,该病例被给予皮下注射硼替佐米联合地塞米松治疗两个疗程,结果显示患者周围神经病变明显改善,M蛋白↓,肾功和贫血恢复,脾脏正常,增厚皮肤变薄,胸腹水消失,下肢无水肿,提示皮下注射硼替佐米联合地塞米松治疗POEMS综合征值得临床研究。
超级杂交早稻淦鑫203特征特性及高产栽培技术

淦鑫203系广东省农科院水稻研究所等单位育成的三系杂交早稻组合,于2011年通过广西壮族自治区农作物品种审定委员会认定。经定点苗情观察,以及在桂林市多点试验与大面积示范,表现高产稳产,生育期较适宜,抗逆性较强,但偶感穗颈瘟。介绍了其特征特性及配套高产栽培技术。
产前诊断染色体异常二例

讨论平衡易位是常见的染色体结构畸变之一,平衡易位携带者由于无遗传物质丢失或增加,故携带者表型及智力发育正常。但在生殖细胞减数分裂时,同源染色体配对形成四射体,理论上可形成18种类型的配子,它们与正常配子结合可形成18种合子,其中仅一种完全正常,一种为表型正常的平衡易位携带者,余者皆为不平衡合子,这些不平衡合子在胚胎发育时易导致自然流产、死胎、畸胎、新生儿死亡等情况发生。本文两胎儿的父亲为4号和13号染色体平衡易位携带者,减数分裂时会产生上述各种类型的精子。第1胎胎儿为4号染色体部分单体和13号染色体部分三体患儿,这类患者一般于孕早期胚胎停止发育或自然流产,仅少数可存活到孕中期或出生。因为孕妇丈夫为平衡易位携带者,故孕妇第2次怀孕至19周时直接做羊水穿刺,产前诊断结果第2胎胎儿为平衡易位携带者,后经遗传咨询,保留胎儿继续妊娠。所以,孕中期的产前诊断是目前降低出生缺陷,必不可少的一项技术手段。
Total and Extractable Manganese and Iron in Some Cultivated Acid Soils of India: Status, Distribution and Relationship with Some Soil Properties

A total of 400 surface soil (0-15 cm) samples were collected from cultivated soils representing four soil series, namely, Hariharapur, Debatoli, Rajpora and Neeleswaram in Orissa, Jharkhand, Himachal Pradesh and Kerala states of India, respectively, and were analyzed to measure the contents of total and extractable Mn and Fe, to establish the relationship among total and extractable Mn and Fe and soil properties, and to characterize the spatial distribution pattern of Mn and Fe in some cultivated acid soils of India. The contents of total as well as extractable Mn and Fe varied widely with extractants and soil series. However, the amounts of Mn or Fe extracted by diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid (DTPA), Mehlich 1, Mehlich 3, 0.1 mol L~(-1) HCl and ammonium bicarbonate DTPA (ABDTPA) were significantly correlated with each other (P < 0:01). Based on the DTPA-extractable contents and the critical limits (2 mg Mn kg~(-1) soil and 4.5 mg Fe kg~(-1) soil) published in the literature, Mn and Fe defiiencies were observed in 7%-23% and 1%-3% of the soil samples, respectively. The content of soil organic carbon (SOC) had greater influence on total and DTPA-extractable Fe than did soil pH. Geostatistical analysis revealed that total and DTPA-extractable Mn and Fe contents in the acid soils were influenced by soil pH, SOC content, and exchangeable cations like potassium, calcium and magnesium. Spatial distribution maps of total and DTPA-extractable Mn and Fe in soil indicated different distribution patterns.
Effect of Vegetation Succession on Organic Carbon, Carbon of Humus Acids and Dissolved Organic Carbon in Soils of Copper Mine Tailings Sites

Carbon of humus acids (HSAC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) are the most active forms of soil organic carbon (SOC) and play an important role in global carbon recycling. We investigated the concentrations of HSAC, water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), hot water-extractable organic carbon (HWOC) and SOC in soils under different vegetation types of four copper mine tailings sites with differing vegetation succession time periods in Tongling, China. The concentrations of HSAC, WSOC, HWOC and SOC increased with vegetation succession. WSOC concentration increased with the accumulation of SOC in the tailings, and a linearly positive correlation existed between the concentrations of HSAC and SOC in the tailings. However, the percentages of HSAC and DOC in the SOC decreased during vegetation succession. The rate of SOC accumulation was higher when the succession time was longer than 20 years, whereas the speeds of soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition and humification were slow, and the concentrations of HSAC and DOC increased slowly in the tailings. The percentage of carbon of humic acid (HAC) in HSAC increased with vegetation succession, and the values of humification index (HI), HAC/carbon of fulvic acid, also increased with the accumulation of HSAC and SOC in soils of the tailings sites. However, the HI value in the each of the tailings was less than 0.50. The humification rate of SOM was lower than the accumulation rate of SOM, and the level of soil fertility was still very low in the tailings even after 40 years of natural restoration.
淋巴水肿与干细胞移植治疗

淋巴水肿是淋巴管功能失调引起淋巴回流障碍造成,目前全世界约有1.4亿淋巴水肿患者,严重影响人类健康。根据病因分为原发性和继发性,原发性表现为先天性淋巴管数量减少或功能障碍,多存在遗传缺陷,如Milory病为血管内皮生长因子-C(VEGF-C)相关基因缺陷;继发性是指任何后天因素所致的淋巴管完整性破坏和阻塞,在发达国家恶性肿瘤根治术后多见,据统计其在乳房全切的发生率为24% ~49%,肿块切除为4% ~28%而发展中国家和亚热带地区多因丝虫感染,近年我国乳腺癌患者术后引起上肢淋巴水肿也逐渐增多。
肺减容术与经支气管镜肺减容术

慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)是一组气流受限且不完全可逆,呈进行性发展为特征的疾病,而肺气肿是COPD中重要的病变类型,即远端终末细支气管,包括呼吸末细支气管、肺泡管、肺泡囊和肺泡,长期过度充气膨胀,使终末小气道发生不可逆损害,造成终末小气道弹性严重减退。传统治疗包括应用抗生素、支气管舒张剂、糖皮质激素及低浓度吸氧等,但疗效有限。
山地播种技术对玉米产量及其相关性状的影响

运用裂区设计,研究了播种方式、整地方式对玉米产量及其相关性状的影响。结果表明:株高、穗位高、茎粗、穗长均呈现出机直播(A1)的处理高于人工挖穴直播(A2)的处理。在机直播(A1)处理的条件下,穗粗的大小顺序为:处理3>处理t>处理1;出籽率的大小顺序为:处理2>处理1>处理3;产量的大小顺序为:处理3>处理2>处理1。而在人工挖穴直播(A2)处理的条件下,穗粗的大小顺序为:处理1>处理2>处理3;出籽率的大小顺序为:处理1>处理2>处理3;产量的大小顺序为:处理3>处理1>处理2。综合考虑,选择机直播(A1)处理和条带人工整地(B3)组合的产量最高,最有利于玉米产量的提高。
加快品种更新换代、提高马铃薯生产水平

马铃薯是毕节市七星关区的重要支柱产业之一,马铃薯生产直接影响农业生产的发展。要提高马铃薯的生产水平,涉及问题很多,制约因素不少,包括政策措施,耕作技术以及病虫防治等诸多因素。而马铃薯品种的更新换代对提高马铃薯生产水平尤为重要。
激光扫描共聚焦显微镜在电子材料研制中的应用

介绍了激光扫描共聚焦显微(Confocal laser scanning microscope,CLSM)的工作原理及技术优势,比较了CLSM 与光学显微镜以及SEM 的优劣,阐述了CLSM 在太阳能电池、透明陶瓷等材料研制中的应用。
USP3 inhibits type I interferon signaling by deubiquitinating RIG-I-like receptors

Lysine 63 (K63)-linked ubiquitination of RIG-I plays a critical role in the activation of type I interferon pathway, yet the molecular mechanism responsible for its deubiquitination is still poorly understood. Here we report that the deubiquitination enzyme ubiquitin-specific protease 3 (USP3) negatively regulates the activation of type I interferon signaling by targeting RIG-I. Knockdown of USP3 specifically enhanced K63-linked ubiquitination of RIG-I, upregulated the phosphorylation of IRF3 and augmented the production of type I interferon cytokines and antiviral immunity. We further show that there is no interaction between USP3 and RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) in unstimulated or uninfected cells, but upon viral infection or ligand stimulation, USP3 binds to the caspase activation recruitment domain of RLRs and then cleaves polyubiquitin chains through cooperation of its zinc-finger Ub-binding domain and USP catalytic domains. Mutation analysis reveals that binding of USP3 to polyubiquitin chains on RIG-I is a prerequisite step for its cleavage of polyubiquitin chains. Our findings identify a previously unrecognized role of USP3 in RIG-I activation and provide insights into the mechanisms by which USP3 inhibits RIG-I signaling and antiviral immunity.
姜黄素对慢性低O_2高CO_2作用下大鼠脑组织Fas/FasL表达的影响

目的:观察慢性低O_2高CO_2作用下大鼠脑组织Fas/FasL表达及神经细胞超微结构变化,探讨姜黄素是否能影响慢性低O_2高CO_2作用下Fas/FasL表达以及脑神经细胞的超微结构变化。方法:将健康SD雄性大鼠15只,随机分为常氧对照组、慢性低O_2高CO_2组、慢性低O_2高CO_2姜黄素组(姜黄素采用灌胃给药,150 mg/(kg·d);应用免疫组织化学法和蛋白免疫印记法对脑神经细胞凋亡分子Fas/FasL的表达进行定性、定量测定,透射电镜下观察大脑皮质神经细胞超微结构形态学改变。结果:①免疫组织化学和蛋白免疫印记法显示,慢性低O_2高CO_2组中脑组织Fas/FasL的表达显著高于常氧对照组和慢性低O_2高CO_2姜黄素组。②脑组织的透射电镜结果显示,常氧对照组神经细胞及细胞器结构形态正常;慢性低O_2高CO_2组可见神经细胞和细胞器肿胀,细胞核染色质边集,出现凋亡小体;慢性低O_2高CO_2姜黄素组神经细胞核、细胞器、血管的形态结构基本正常。结论:①慢性低O_2高CO_2可上调脑组织Fas/FasL的表达,并诱导脑神经细胞呈现凋亡的超微结构变化;②姜黄素可能通过抑制Fas/FasL的表达减轻慢性低O_2高CO_2诱导的脑神经细胞的超微结构变化。
后侧柱锁定钢板治疗胫骨平台后方骨折11例临床疗效分析

近年来随着CT在临床中的广泛应用以及胫骨平台三柱理论的提出,临床医师发现胫骨平台骨折合并内外侧髁后侧劈裂塌陷者并不罕见,但以往没有专门用于胫骨平台后侧柱的内固定钢板系统。我院2010-2012年收治胫骨平台后方骨折11例,应用专利产品胫骨平台后侧柱锁定钢板固定,取得了良好的临床效果,现报告如下。
柽柳对盐碱地生态环境的影响

柽柳是一种盐生植物, 具有很强的耐盐、抗旱、耐淹的生物学特征, 广泛分布在内陆盐碱地和我国北方滨海湿地、滩涂, 有“南有红树, 北有柽柳”之说。柽柳是典型泌盐盐生植物, 在盐碱地(含滨海湿地)种植形成柽柳林, 不仅可以显著提高其物质生产、能量转换、气候与水分调节、水质净化、生物多样性保育、防风固沙/护堤等生态与环境功能,而且也是生物改良盐渍土的一种有效措施。种植柽柳后会对盐碱地生态环境产生一定影响, 很多学者对此进行了多方面的研究。本文拟从物理、化学等方面就柽柳对盐渍土生态环境要素的影响进行总结评述, 以期为今后柽柳林生态环境研究及柽柳在盐碱地的进一步推广与合理利用提供参考。
Safety and feasibility of transulnar versus transradial artery approach for coronary catheterization in non-selective patients

Background Transradial approach catheterization is now widely used in coronary angiography and angioplasty. The ulnar artery, which is one of the two terminal branches of the brachial artery, may be a potential approach for cardiac catheterization. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of a transulnar approach for coronary catheterization in non-selective patients. Methods A total of 535 consecutive patients were randomly assigned to transulnar approach (TUA) group (n=271) or transradial approach (TRA) group (n=264) upon arrival at the catheterization laboratory. Allen's test and inverse Allen's test were not routinely performed. Ultrasound-Doppler assessment of the forearm artery was performed before the procedure, two days after the procedure, and 30 days after the procedure. The primary endpoints of study were the rate of successful artery cannulation and the access-site related complications. The secondary endpoints included the number of needle punctures, total time for the procedure, and major adverse cardiac events (MACE). Results Successful puncture of the objective artery was obtained in 91.5% of the patients in the TUA group, and 95.1% of the patients in the TRA group (P >0.05). There was no significant difference in hematoma complications between the two groups (7.7% vs. 4.2%, P=0.100). A motor abnormality of the hand was observed in one patient in the TUA group. There were no arteriovenous fistula or pseudoaneurysm observed in our study. Three (1.1%) patients in the TUA group and 8 (3.0%) patients in the TRA group had occlusion of the access artery (P=0.137), but none of the patients had symptoms or signs of hand ischemia. There were no significant differences in MACE between the two groups during follow-up. Conclusion The transulnar approach is an effective and safe technique for coronary catheterization in non-selective patients.
Study of Linear and Nonlinear Optical Properties of Four Derivatives of Substituted Aryl Hydrazones of 1,8-Naphthalimide

Four 1,8-naphthalimide hydrazone molecules with different electron-donating groups have been applied in the study of linear and nonlinear optical (NLO) properties. These compounds showed strong green emission in solution. Their NLO properties such as two-photon absorption (TPA) behavior with femtosecond laser pulses ca. 800 nm and excited-state absorption (ESA) behavior with nanosecond laser pulses at 532 nm were investigated. Compound 4 presented the largest two-photon cross section (550 GM) among them due to two factors: the conjugated length of compound 4 is the longest and the electron-donating ability of compound 4 is the strongest. Different from TPA behavior, compound 2 showed the best nonlinear absorption properties at 532 nm and its nonlinear absorption coefficient and third-order nonlinear optical susceptibilities χ~((3)) were up to 1.41×10~(?10) MKS and 4.65×10~(?12) esu, respectively. Through the modification of the structure, the nonlinear optical properties of these compounds at different wavelengths (532 and 800 nm) were well tuned. The great broad-band nonlinear optical properties indicate hydrazones are good candidates for organic nonlinear optical absorption materials.
Understanding BitTorrent Through Real Measurements

In this paper, we present the results of the BitTorrent measurement study. Two sources of BitTorrent data were utilised: metadata files and the logs of one of the currently most popular BitTorrent clients - μTorrent. Experimental data were collected for fifteen days from the popular torrent-discovery site thepiratebay.org (more than 30 000 torrents were captured and analysed). During this period the activity and logs of an unmodified version of μTorrent client downloading sessions were also captured. The obtained experimental results are swarm-oriented, which allows us to look at BitTorrent and its users from an exchanged resources perspective. Moreover, comparative analysis of the clients’ connections with and without the μTP protocol is carried out to verify the extent to which μTP improves BitTorrent transmissions. To the authors’ best knowledge, none of the previous studies have addressed these issues.
A PERSONAL MEMOIR OF WEIMIN ZHENG-"A MAN FOR ALL SEASONS"

In 1951 Professor Weimin Zheng returned to the People's Republic of China from the United Kingdom to assist in building his country into a modern nation. Rather than pursue a doctoral degree at the California Institute of Technology, or Caltech as it is popularly called, Professor Zheng, unselfishly and patriotically, decided that he would devote his many talents to providing a first-class education to Chinese students within a strong university system. In particular, he personally mentored many graduate and undergraduate students at Tsinghua University which he helped to construct into an internationally renowned academic institution. Since the 1950s, his many students have been contributing to the blossoming of Chinese society through their meaningful careers in industry, government and education. For example, his first PhD student, Dr. Xiaochuan Zhou, was the first person in China to obtain a doctoral degree in Systems Engineering and during his illustrious career he was a Vice Chairman of the CPPCC and the Governor of the People's Bank of China. In 1954, Professor Weimin Zheng established a new major labelled Industrial Automation at his university, the first of its kind in China, and he was the leader of a group of young faculty members and students who built the first numerical milling machine in China in 1958. Professor Zheng founded the discipline of Systems Engineering at Tsinghua University in 1978 and throughout his remarkable academic career he continued to inject the latest research innovations into the educational system at his university. He recognized that university education and research are international in scope and, hence, Professor Zheng was continuously interacting with colleagues and research institutions around the globe.
优化手术治疗2型糖尿病的疗效—多学科团队强化围手术期及术后的管理

对于内分泌科医师而言,糖尿病是慢性病,需要终身服药治疗,所需药物的剂量及种类也会随着病程的延长、病情进展而增加。即便这样,糖尿病的达标率仍不容乐观,我国的达标率不足40%,在欧美国家也不足50% [糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc) < 7%],至于血糖、血压和血脂同时达标的患者比例就更低了。而手术治疗2型糖尿病是国外学者对病态(极重度)肥胖患者进行减重手术治疗后的意外收获。Pories等对病态性肥胖患者采用胃旁路术后14年的随访观察中发现手术除能有效减重外,还能使血糖得到有效的控制,部分甚至“痊愈”(不再需要降糖药物治疗)。Meta分析发现减重手术可使60% ~85%的糖尿病、高血压、血脂异常和睡眠呼吸暂停综合征得到缓解,同时还能显著降低与糖尿病相关的死亡风险,减少药物及整体健康管理的花费。这在糖尿病的治疗史上是一种了不起的治疗手段。因此,2009年美国糖尿病协会(ADA)在2型糖尿病诊疗指南中正式将减重手术(代谢手术)列为肥胖伴2型糖尿病的治疗措施之一。2011年,国际糖尿病联盟(IDF)也正式承认代谢手术可作为治疗伴有肥胖的2型糖尿病的方法。同年,中华医学会糖尿病学分会(CDS)和中华医学会外科学分会也认可了代谢手术是治疗伴有肥胖的2型糖尿病的手段之一。肥胖症和2型糖尿病的流行已成为全球性公共卫生面临的重大挑战,2型糖尿病合并肥胖使其治疗更具挑战。近三十年来,临床实践显示肥胖合并糖尿病患者在接受减重手术后除体重下降外,糖尿病病情亦得到显著改善,大多无需用药即能有效地控制血糖在正常范围,疗效明显优于常规内科治疗,且伴随的代谢综合征和高血压等相关合并症也得到明显缓解,甚至有报道这类患者的肿瘤发生率也显著降低。糖尿病减重手术治疗的有效性已得到临床的充分认可,近年来多个专业学会先后发表声明、专家共识或指南将减重手术列为合并病态性肥胖的糖尿病患者的治疗方式。2011年国际糖尿病联盟(IDF)将在各类减重手术中糖尿病缓解率最高的胃转流术和胆胰分流术命名为代谢手术。这使得糖尿病治疗领域的传统观念正在发生变化,越来越多的代谢内分泌科和胃肠外科医师参与糖尿病代谢手术的临床实践,但目前报道手术治疗后糖尿病的缓解率差异较大(42% ~ 95%),综其原因,地区、人种差异以及术前评估、手术指征的掌握、术式选择、术后综合治疗管理等各方面的差异都可能是影响手术治疗效果的因素。
内质网应激介导脓毒症淋巴细胞凋亡研究进展

脓毒症(sepsis)是危重患者最主要死亡原因之一。其发病机理尚未充分阐明,免疫功能紊乱和淋巴细胞过度凋亡在脓毒症发生、发展及转归中的作用已受到国内外学者的广泛关注。脓毒症可以迅速引起机体的应激反应,细胞内稳态被打乱,导致内质网的改变。内质网腔内错误折叠、未折叠蛋白质聚集以及细胞内Ca~(2+)平衡紊乱,引发细胞内一系列反应,称为内质网应激(endoplasmic reticulum stress, ERS)。内质网应激启动的凋亡途径是近年才发现的一种新的凋亡途径。因此本文就脓毒症中内质网应激介导的淋巴细胞凋亡的研究进展做一综述。
超声技术在急性呼吸窘迫综合征诊治中的应用前景

急性呼吸窘迫综合征(acute respiratory distress syndrome, ARDS)起病急骤、发展迅猛、病死率高达30% ~70%。动脉血气、胸部X线/CT、药物治疗及机械辅助通气仍为临床中标准的诊治方法。但限于CT的放射性损伤以及不可床旁反复应用,胸部X线又存在检查结果与病情一致性差等特点,ALI/ARDS病程演变难以实现密切的观察和早期的诊断。因此,ALI/ARDS的早期诊断以及病情监测则显得尤为重要。超声技术近年来得到了飞速的发展和广泛的应用,它具有易掌握、可床旁、无损伤等优势,已越来越多地被用于ALI/ARDS的临床诊治中,展现了重要的临床价值和广泛的应用前景。
基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子-1在2型糖尿病患者中的表达变化

目的探讨未发生并发症的2型糖尿病患者基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子-l(TIMP-1)的变化及其与空腹血糖的关系.方法选取无并发症的2型糖尿病患者41例,门诊体检正常者30例为对照.采用实时荧光定量RT-PCR的方法检测外周血单个核细胞中TIMP-1mRNA的量,采用ELISA的方法检测血浆中TIMP-1的量.结果(1)2型糖尿病患者外周血单个核细胞中TIMP-1mRNA的表达量[(6.13±1.59)copies/mL]明显高于正常者[(5.29±1.56)copies/mL].(2)2型糖尿病患者血浆中TIMP-1蛋白的表达量[(246334.83±82567.858)pg/mL]明显高于正常者[(105498.00±21554.324)pg/mL].(3)2型糖尿病患者血浆中TIMP-1与空腹血糖呈负相关(r=-0.4901,P<0.01)结论无并发症的2型糖尿病患者TIMP-1无论是mRNA的表达量还是蛋白的表达量均较正常者偏高,并且血浆中蛋白的表达量与空腹血糖负相关。
肠易激综合征的中医证候判别分析

目的从计量诊断学的角度研究肠易激综合征(IBS)的中医证候诊断,建立证候判别函数,为IBS 中医证候诊断及鉴别诊断提供客观依据。方法对518例IBS患者进行中医临床流行病学调查,以症状为变量,运用逐步判别分析进行统计。结果得出7个判别函数,分别是肝郁脾虚证=-6. 185 +0.719X_1 -0. 150X_2 + ……-0. 185X_(31)-1.869X_(32);脾肾阳虚证=- 12.415 +6. 788X_1 + 0. 221X_2 +……-0. 876X_(31) - 0. 206X_(32) ;脾胃虚弱证=-9. 103 -0. 039X_1 - 1. 807X_2 +...... +3. 015X_(31) + 1.939X_(32) ;肝郁气滞证=-8. 379 - 0. 563X_1 + 0. 793X_2 + ……+1.314X_(31) +5.954X_(32);脾胃湿热证=-12. 804 + 5. 025X_1 -1.613X_2 +……-2. 569X_(31) -4. 810X_(32);肠燥津伤证=-14. 049 + 3. 563X_1 - 1. 006X_2 ……+ 1. 303X_(31) - 1. 532X_(32) ;寒湿困脾证=-10. 672 + 6. 145X_1 + 1. 308X_2 + ……+1.578X_(31)+0.389X_(32)。回顾性误判概率为8.7%,交叉验证误判率为17.2%。结论建立的7类函数判别效果好,对IBS的中医证型诊断及鉴别诊断有一定的参考意义。
核因子-E2相关因子与miRNA在神经退行性疾病中的作用

氧化应激对阿尔茨海默病(AD)、帕金森综合征(PD)和亨廷顿舞蹈病(HD)等神经退行性疾病的发病有很大的影响。而参与氧化应激主要是过量的活性氧族(ROS)和活性氮族(RNS),它们会直接或间接地攻击细胞内的蛋白质、脂质和核酸等,影响其生理功能,造成细胞组织损伤。但机体内部也有一套抗氧化系统来应对这种损伤。近年来发现以核因子(NF) - E2相关因子(nuclear factor erythroid 2 - related factor 2,Nrf2)为核心的Nrf2/ARE信号通路是一条重要的内源性抗氧化应激通路。miRNA是一种长度为20 ~24个核苷酸的非编码小RNA,可以调控多种蛋白,其中包括Nrf2通路。现将其关系综述如下。
晚期糖基化终产物受体的表达对大鼠脂肪肝移植术中肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的影响

目的探讨大鼠脂肪肝移植术中晚期糖基化终产物受体(RAGE)的表达及其对肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的影响.方法40只SD大鼠随机分为实验组和对照组,实验组喂养蛋氨酸胆碱缺乏饲料(MCD),2周后建立脂肪肝模型,并作为实验组肝移植的供肝;对照组喂养普通饲料2周,并作为对照组肝移植的供肝;另外,随机选健康大鼠40只分别作为实验组和对照组的受体,建立大鼠肝脏移植模型.分别观察实验组和对照组术后的生存率,并分别在术后2和6h处死大鼠,取肝脏组织行总RNA提取,用PCR检测RAGERNA的表达量.并用TUNEL试剂盒检测实验组和对照组移植后的肝脏细胞的凋亡及坏死情况.结果成功建立了大鼠脂肪肝模型;实验组RAGERNA的表达明显高于对照组,且提前出现.脂肪肝移植后,可见大量肝细胞凋亡.结论RAGE在大鼠脂肪肝缺血再灌注时高水平表达,可导致肝细胞凋亡,与移植是否成功密切相关.
519例颅脑交通伤流行病学分析

在各种创伤导致的死亡中,约1/3是创伤性脑损伤(traumatic brain injury,TBI)所致,TBI已经成为死亡和残疾的主要原因,给社会带来很大的损失。在经济发达的国家和地区,交通伤已成为TBI的主要原因。医学流行病学研究可查明交通安全中各种危险因素及隐患,从而可提出有针对性的措施预防交通伤。笔者调查四川大学华西医院神经外科2008年12月—2011年3月收治的急性TBI患者资料,对交通伤TBI 患者进行流行病学分析,为TBI的防治提供参考。
Radiation tolerance studies on the VA32 ASIC for DAMPE BGO calorimeter

The Dark Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is being constructed as a scientific satellite to observe high energy cosmic rays in space. As a crucial detector of DAMPE, the BGO calorimeter consists of 1848 PMT dynode signals which bring difficulties in front-end electronics on the space-limited and power-limited satellite platform. To overcome the challenge, a low-noise, low-power and high-integration ASIC chip, named VA32HDR14.2, is taken into account. In order to evaluate the radiation tolerance of the chip in space radiation environment, both single event effect (SEE) and total ionizing dose (TID) tests were performed. The SEE test result shows that the effective linear energy transfer (LET) threshold of single event latch-up (SEL) of the chip is around 23.0 MeVcm~2/mg, which is relatively sensitive, thus protection methods must be taken in the electronics design. The TID test result shows that the TID performance of the chip is higher than 25 Krad(Si), which satisfies the design specification.
锻炼免疫学方法研究

大量研究结果表明,急性锻炼和训练性锻炼可改变宿主免疫功能,进而导致疾病易感性和严重程度的改变。但采取何种有意义的方法对锻炼后的免疫学功能进行测量是锻炼免疫学目前面临的主要挑战。本文主要介绍几种锻炼免疫学的评估方法。
面肌痉挛显微血管减压术后的延迟治愈现象

1884年GoWers首先描述了单侧面神经分布区域的肌肉不自主抽动的症状,从此引发了众多学者对面肌痉挛(hemifacial spasm,HFS)的病因学及治疗方法的逐步深入研究。显微血管减压术(microvascular decompression,MVD)做为从病因学上治愈面肌痉挛的唯一方式,已得到广泛的认可和推广。面肌痉挛患者在接受显微血管减压术后,多数患者的面部抽动会立即消失,但少部分患者的面部抽动不是立即停止,而是经过一段时间后才会逐步消失,这种现象称为“延迟治愈(delayed resolution)"。目前对于面肌痉挛患者的“延迟治愈”现象,尚无学者对其病理及病程特点进行很好的分析和分类,导致了对于显微血管减压术后面部仍有抽动的面肌痉挛患者,如何判断其长期预后、如何界定再次接受手术的时机等方面存在巨大争议。
糖皮质激素抵抗性支气管哮喘诊治进展

1949年Bordley和Carey次报道肌内注射促肾上腺皮质激素能够快速改善部分支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)患者症. 状,其后糖皮质激素(简称激素)逐渐成为治疗哮喘及其他炎症性疾病最有效的药物,目前吸入糖皮质激素(ICS)仍然是治疗哮喘的一线药物,在哮喘控制和缓解治疗中起着重要作用。尽管目前大多数哮喘患者的症状能够通过ICS联合长效β2受体激动剂(LABA)的治疗方案取得良好控制,但是有部分患者对激素治疗的反应较差,即使高剂量激素治疗也难以控制,并且病情反复出现急性加重,这种情况称为激素抵抗(steroid resistant, SR)全球范围内大约有300万哮喘患者,尽管这部分激素抵抗哮喘患者所占比例小(约5%),但是仍有相当多的患者深受疾病困扰,不但生活质量下降,也加重个人及社会的经济负担,因此对这部分患者的认识和防治应引起医务工作者的重视。本文就激素抵抗(不敏感)性哮喘患者的临床特征、危险因素、分子机制、预防诊治方面进行阐述。
糯扎渡水电站HEC机组蜗壳安装经验总结

糯扎渡水电站地下厂房共装设9台单机额定容量为650 MW的水轮机组,额定水头187 m,额定转速125r/min。1~# ~ 6~#机蜗壳每套重447. 5 t,材质均为B610CF,共27节(蜗壳本体段17节,进口7节,3节凑合节),板厚从鼻端25 mm渐变为70 mm。蜗壳除凑合节分成3块瓦片、2节蜗壳直管段为整圆管节出厂外,其余“C”形管节组焊成单节后出厂。设计要求蜗壳水压试验最大压力为4.3 MPa。保压浇筑混凝土(保压压力1.8 MPa)后完成蜗壳直管段以及蜗壳直管段与压力钢管间的凑合节安装。
糯扎渡水电站9~#~7~#机组定子铁芯叠装工艺

糯扎渡水电站9~#~7~#机组发电机部份由ALSTOM供货。定子由机座、铁芯、绕组三大部分组成。铁芯内(外)径ф13 500 mm(ф14 580 mm)、铁芯高度3 200 mm、铁芯(含机架)重量580.45 t、定位筋数量144根。良好的叠片质量,可以减小定子铁芯涡流,减小铁芯损耗、热量、振动、提高发电机效率和机组稳定水平。因此,叠片质量是定子安装质量控制的关键因素。
腰椎间盘突出致肛门痛案

腰椎间盘突出症是临床多发病、常见病,症状常见腰腿部疼痛和麻木,临床偶见尾骶部疼痛,肛门疼痛极少见。经检索未发现腰椎间盘突出症肛门痛有关报道。本例患者仅见肛门局部疼痛,在临床极为少见,而且容易造成误诊误治。该患者就曾因此症状行混合痔外拨内套扎术,术后效果不佳,才引起重视。肛门局部感觉是由肛神经支配,肛神经是骶丛神经中阴部神经的分支,而骶丛是由腰骶干以及全部骶丛神经和尾神经的前支组成,所以腰骶部椎间孔尤其是骶孔狭窄,刺激骶神经根可致肛门处感觉异常。该患者先天性腰骶部发育不良,即骶椎腰化,而Si/S2椎间盘向后膨出压迫骶神经,笔者考虑这正是此患者腰椎间盘突出症仅有肛门痛的原因。
在非多重耐药阴沟肠杆菌临床分离株中检出质粒介导的bla_(NDM-1)基因

产碳青霉烯酶尤其是A类中的KPC酶和B类中的金属酶(MBLs)是革兰阴性杆菌对碳青霉烯类抗生素耐药的主要机制。有研究认为NDM-1金属β-内酰胺酶可导致细菌严重的耐药性,且耐药基因可通过质粒传递,引起了全球范围的广泛关注。本研究对我院碳青霉烯类抗生素敏感性下降的菌株进行检测,发现了一株产NDM-1的阴沟肠杆菌,现报道如下。
牵引联合综合疗法治疗腰椎间盘突出症患者的疗效观察

腰椎间盘突出症是临床上腰腿疼痛的常见病因之一,其发病率近年来呈现上升趋势,发病年龄也逐渐趋于年轻化,对患者的日常生活质量造成了严重影响。牵引作为常规治疗手段,在保守治疗中占有非常重要的位置,牵引联合综合疗法治疗腰椎间盘突出症操作简单、安全性良好。本研究选取100例腰椎间盘突出症患者,在综合治疗(包括电针、特定电磁波谱照射、推拿、康复指导)基础上辅以牵引治疗,效果显著,现报道如下。
Differences in spatial understanding between physical and virtual models

In the digital age, physical models are still used as major tools in architectural and urban design processes. The reason why designers still use physical models remains unclear. In addition, physical and 3D virtual models have yet to be differentiated. The answers to these questions are too complex to account for in all aspects. Thus, this study only focuses on the differences in spatial understanding between physical and virtual models. In particular, it emphasizes on the perception of scale. For our experiment, respondents were shown a physical model and a virtual model consecutively. A questionnaire was then used to ask the respondents to evaluate these models objectively and to establish which model was more accurate in conveying object size. Compared with the virtual model, the physical model tended to enable quicker and more accurate comparisons of building heights.
从美国2014成人高血压循证管理指南看血压管理指南的理念更新

美国《2014成人高血压循证管理指南》终于在美国高血压预防、检测、评估与治疗联合委员会(the joint national committee on prevention,detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure,JNC)第7次报告(JNC7)颁布10年后问世了,即JNC8。众所周知,JNC8是国际上重要的高血压指南。因此,JNC8的颁布是高血压领域的一件大事。与JNC7相比,JNC8在许多方面标志着血压管理理念的重大变革,必将对未来的全球高血压领域乃至心血管领域产生深远影响。本文旨在对该指南的标志性特点和我国抗高血压状况具体指导意义进行述评。
基于28例心衰心阳虚证患者的证候积分与苯丙氨酸代谢指纹图谱的相关性研究

目的探讨应用反相高效液相色谱(Reversed-phase High performance Liquid Chromatography,RP-HPLC)的方法研究心衰心阳虚证患者血浆中苯丙氨酸(Phenylalanine,Phe)的图谱特点。方法选取28例心衰证型为心阳虚型的病人。纳入使用RP-HPLC 法得出受试者血浆苯丙氨酸的图谱,观察其特点,并寻找患者的图谱指标与心阳虚证候积分的相关性。结果以苯丙氨酸峰面积为自变量,心阳虚证候积分为应变量作散点图,可见心阳虚证积分有随苯丙氨酸面积增加而增加,并具有统计学意义(P = 0. 006) 。结论基于反相高效液相的方法测定氨基酸的代谢指纹图谱,具有选择性高、分析速度快和灵敏度高等优点。心阳虚证候积分与苯丙氨酸存在正相关的趋势。氨基酸代谢指纹图谱有望可用于找出心衰心阳虚患者的证候特点。