mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
从“自动化”到“智慧化”———智慧水厂建设的新思路

2008年11月6日,美国IBM总裁兼首席执行官彭明盛在纽约市外交关系委员会发表演讲《智慧地球:下一代的领导议程》。被认为是“智慧地球”理念的第一次明确提出,随即在我国规划、通讯等行业得到快速响应,2010年11月2日,“中国智慧城市论坛大会”在武汉召开,标志着我国智慧城市的建设具备了理论、舆论基础。2012年住房城乡建设部办公厅颁布了建办科〔2012〕42号文件:《关于开展国家智慧城市试点工作的通知》,智慧城市建设正式进入快车道。
临床试验中定性指标统计分析报表的 SAS宏实现

SAS软件是业界公认的一款统计分析软件,在临床试验的统计分析中应用十分广泛。应用其强大的宏程序功能,可以高效快捷地实现报表的自动化输出,使统计结果直接生成 Word统计报表,避免了以往手工粘贴统计结果出现错误的问题。根据统计分析报告中常用的格式,本文将编写一套较为通用的定性指标(结果变量有序或者无序)的统计分析 SAS宏程序。
Bionic titania coating carbon multi-layer material derived from natural leaf and its superior photocatalytic performance

Bionic titania coating carbon multi-layer material was fabricated by employing canna leaves as substrate and carbon precursor. Titania nanocrystals were assembled and coated on the natural films. The carbonation treatment under pure N_2 atmosphere yielded the ultrathin multi-film hybrid material. The carbon layer was coated with small anatase titania crystallite (8-10 nm) and possessed a highly specific surface area of 248.3 m~2 g~(-1). Examination using UV-visible spectrophotometer (UV-vis) showed that the band gap of the multi-layer material was reduced to 2.75 eV, and the hydrogen production by photocatalytic splitting of water under visible light irradiation was about 302 µmol g~(-1) after six hour.
脑室外引流和颅内压监测在创伤性急性弥漫性脑肿胀救治中的价值

颅内压增高是创伤性脑损伤(TBI)后造成病情急剧变化以至增加致残率和病死率的重要原因,对伴有明显脑血肿、脑挫伤的TBI,去骨瓣减压术虽有争议,但不失为一种急速降低颅内压、挽救生命的措施。临床上有部分TBI患者在影像学上未见明显血肿,但存在弥漫性脑肿胀,大部分临床医师为了降低颅内压仍会选择标准去骨瓣减压或者改良去骨瓣减压治疗。笔者通过脑室内置人带有颅内压监测的引流管,不仅可以有效检测颅内压力,同时还可通过引流适量脑脊液,降低颅内压,更好地指导此类TBI的救治。笔者采用回顾性病例系列研究分析2012年9月-2016年1月收治的47例创伤性急性弥漫性脑肿胀(posttraumatic acute diffuse brain swelling, PADBS)患者的临床资料,探讨急诊行有创颅内压监测并脑室外引流术的疗效。
防止宫颈癌三维适形近距离治疗施源器移位的护理干预

目的降低宫颈癌行腔内联合组织间插植近距离放疗患者施源器移位率及移位度。方法将55例宫颈癌行腔内联合组织间插植近距离治疗患者按时间段分为对照组25例、干预组30例;对照组按常规实施护理;干预组在此基础上安排专人采取多种方式讲解治疗过程及配合要点等,设计T型固定带固定施源器。结果干预组施源器移位率及左右、头脚方向移位度均显著少于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论加强健康教育及施源器的有效固定有利于患者的正确配合和稳定施源器,有助于精准放疗。
微种植钉辅助远移上牙列之病例分析

上颌牙列轻度前突的牙性II类错(左牙右合)以及上颌骨性轻度前突的骨性II类错(左牙右合)可以进行非拔牙的上颌全牙列远移来解决磨牙关系、代偿骨性畸形。近年来用微种植钉或微钛板作为支抗进行该类牙齿移动已成为临床关注的热点。该文通过1例典型病例对此类患者的治疗过程进行了详细分析,以期对临床应用有一定的指导意义。
木芙蓉化学成分与药理作用的研究进展

木芙蓉是一种常用中药,花、叶和根均可入药,其叶作为新增药材收录于2015版《中国药典》。现代研究表明,木芙蓉含有黄酮、有机酸、挥发性成分、豆甾、蒽醌、香豆素、三萜、木脂素和无机元素等化学成分,具有抗非特异性炎症、抗肾病、抗肝病、抗糖尿病、抗菌、抗病毒、免疫调节、抗肿瘤、抗寄生虫及抗过敏等广泛的药理作用。本文对木芙蓉各药用部位的化学成分与药理作用研究进展作一综述,为该药材的深入研究提供参考。
全球气候变化背景下气溶胶和云相互作用研究愈发重要

自工业革命以来,在人类活动和自然因素的双重影响下,全球气候状况正经历着全球增温、海平面上升、极端气候事件频发等一些列变化,严重影响了人类的生产生活,全球气候变化受到世界的广泛关注。气溶胶和云相互作用因对地气系统的辐射平衡、水循环和能量循环有着重要影响而成为气候和天气预测中的重要组成部分,但因缺乏对其辐射过程、与大气环流作用等的深入了解,也使其成为了不确定性最大的部分,是未来全球气候变化研究领域的重点。
浙江省温州市牛带绦虫感染1例

南瓜子-槟榔治疗带绦虫感染效果好,不良反应小,该驱虫方法一直沿用至今。南瓜子使绦虫中后段瘫痪,槟榔可使绦虫的头节和未成熟节片麻痹,再通过导泻药物将虫体排出体外。本例感染者将虫体头节、颈节和链体全部驱出,是一次成功的驱虫治疗。
地西他滨联合三氧化二砷治疗伴多种表观遗传学基因突变及FLT3基因突变的急性早幼粒细胞白血病一例

讨论近10年来,国内外众多学者研究发现,FMS样的酪氨酸激酶3-内部串联重复(FLT3-ITD)、FLT3-激酶区点突变(FLT3-TKD)、TET癌基因家组成员2(TET2)、神经母细胞-RAS(N-RAS)、DNA 甲基化转移酶3(DNMT3)、c-Kit、核仁磷酸蛋白1(NPM1)等常见白血病基因突变广泛存在于急性髓细胞白血病(AML)患者中。欧洲APL工作组报道423例APL患者,其中119例检测了 FLT3、Ras基因,发现 FLT3-ITD基因的突变率为38%,FLT3-TKD基因突变率为20%,他们对纳入研究患者采用全反式维甲酸(ATRA)诱导分化联合蒽环类+/ -阿糖胞苷方案化疗,后发现FLT3-ITD基因突变与复发后生存期缩短有关。2012年Iland等对APL患者采用全反式维甲酸(ATRA)、三氧化二砷(ATO)、去甲氧柔红霉素三药联合诱导治疗,缓解后给予2疗程全反式维甲酸联合三氧化二砷方案治疗,后给予全反式维甲酸、甲氨蝶呤、6巯嘌呤口服维持2年,研究发现患者 OS与FLT3基因突变无关,提示全反式维甲酸、三氧化二砷为基础的治疗可以克服FLT3基因突变对急性早幼粒细胞白血病带来的不良影响。2014年Poire等对245例初诊 APL患者研究发现,FLT3突变率占48%,其中,FLT3-ITD突变31% ,FLT3-D885突变14%,两种突变均阳性2% ;采用三氧化二砷(ATO)作为一线治疗提高了患者的完全缓解率,无病生存率(DFS)及总生存率(OS),而且该治疗克服了 FLT3基因突变类型及水平、初始白细胞计数、PML/RARα融合基因分型及转录水平带来的不良预后影响。
AlphaLISA detection of alpha-synuclein in the cerebrospinal fluid and its potential application in Parkinson's disease diagnosis

In the present study, we established novel bead-based AlphaLISA assays to measure the relative levels of oligomeric and total a-syn in CSF samples, which is potentially useful for the diagnosis of patients with PD and MSA. Our data suggest that the O/T ratio of a-syn was significantly higher in patients with typical PD. The O/T ratio of a-syn may be served as an auxiliary biomarker for PD diagnosis (Fig. 2) and provides important information in the clinical practices. Using the O/T ratio of CSF a-syn, a sensitivity and specificity of 61.5% and 67.9% for the discrimination of patients with PD from controls could be reached based on our data in the current study.
不同拘束条件下坡口间隙对焊接变形的影响

坡口间隙的存在及其在不同拘束条件下会对焊接变形产生不同影响.以平板对接多层多道焊为研究对象,将坡口间隙作为考虑因素添加到焊接数值模拟模型中,采用试验测量与焊接仿真相结合的方法,在不同拘束条件下研究坡口间隙对焊接变形的影响效果,为进一步利用数值方法解决焊接变形问题提供了参考依据.结果表明,相同拘束条件下,有无坡口间隙对焊接变形趋势影响并不明显,但对残余变形数值大小影响显著,且在弹簧拘束条件下焊接变形结果差别最大;被焊平板存在坡口间隙时,弹簧拘束条件下的模拟结果与自由状态下焊接试验获得的焊接变形结果最为一致.
Accounting for speed of sound variations in volumetric hand-held optoacoustic imaging

Hand-held implementations of recently introduced real-time volumetric tomography approaches represent a promising path toward clinical translation of the optoacoustic technology. To this end, rapid acquisition of optoacoustic image data with spherical matrix arrays has attained exquisite visualizations of three-dimensional vascular morphology and function deep in human tissues. Nevertheless, significant reconstruction inaccuracies may arise from speed of sound (SoS) mismatches between the imaged tissue and the coupling medium used to propagate the generated optoacoustic responses toward the ultrasound sensing elements. Herein, we analyze the effects of SoS variations in three-dimensional hand-held tomographic acquisition geometries. An efficient graphics processing unit (GPU)-based reconstruction framework is further proposed to mitigate the SoS-related image quality degradation without compromising the high-frame-rate volumetric imaging performance of the method, essential for real-time visualization during hand-held scans.
An experimental study on plunging depth of density currents

Mass density of the current flows is the one of the important problem in the hydraulics of the dam reservoir. Plunge point occurs when the mass density current penetrates in the stagnant fluid. Recognition the place of this point is very important because of clearing the boundary of the density current flow and ambient fluid. In this study the influences of bed slope and hydraulic parameters on plunging depth were experimentally investigated. The results show that the slope has a minor effect on the plunging depth. The height of plunging depth is increased by increasing the density of the current flow. Also increasing the densimetric Froude number caused of decreasing the plunging depth. Finally an equation was proposed to estimate the plunging depth using as function of flow characteristics.
Design and evaluation of control strategies in urban drainage systems in Kunming city

Real time control (RTC) of urban drainage systems (UDSs) is an important measure to reduce combined sewer overflow (CSO) and urban flooding, helping achieve the aims of 'Sponge City'. Application of RTC requires three main steps: strategy design, simulation-based evaluation and field test. But many of published RTC studies are system-specific, lacking discussions on how to design a strategy step by step. In addition, the existing studies are prone to use hydrologic model to evaluated strategies, but a more precise and dynamic insight into strategy performance is needed. To fill these knowledge gaps, based on a case UDS in Kunming city, a study on RTC strategy design and simulation-based evaluation is performed. Two off-line volume-based RTC strategy design principles, Maximize WWTP inflow and Make full use of space, are emphasized. Following these principles, a detailed design procedure is shown for the case UDS resulting in three RTC strategies: static, constant and equal filling. The proposed strategies are evaluated based on a hydrodynamic model- Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) - under four typical rainfall events characterized by different return periods (1-year or 0.5 year) and different spatial distributions (uniform or uneven). The equal filling strategy outperforms other two strategies and it can achieve 10% more CSO reduction and 5% more flooding reduction relative to the no-tank case.
Quantitative analysis of impact of green stormwater infrastructures on combined sewer overflow control and urban flooding control

Stimulated by the recent USEPA's green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) guidance and policies, GSI systems have been widely implemented in the municipal area to control the combined sewer overflows (CSOs), also known as low impact development (LID) approaches. To quantitatively evaluate the performance of GSI systems on CSO and urban flooding control, USEPA-Stormwater Management Model (SWMM) model was adopted in this study to simulate the behaviors of GSI systems in a well-developed urban drainage area, PSW45, under different circumstances. The impact of different percentages of stormwater runoff transported from impervious surfaces to the GSI systems on CSO and urban flooding control has also been investigated. Results show that with current buildup, GSI systems in PSW45 have the best performance for low intensity and short duration events on both volume and peak flow reductions, and have the worst performance for high intensity and long duration events. Since the low intensity and short duration events are dominant from a long-term perspective, utilizing GSI systems is considered as an effective measure of CSO control to meet the long-term control strategy for PSW45 watershed. However, GSI systems are not suitable for the flooding control purpose in PSW45 due to the high occurrence possibility of urban flooding during or after high intensity events where GSI systems have relatively poor performance no matter for a short or long duration event.
Impurity- and magnetic-field-induced quasiparticle states in chiral p-wave superconductors

Both impurity- and magnetic-field-induced quasiparticle states in chiral p-wave superconductors are investigated theoretically by solving the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations self-consistently. At the strong scattering limit, we find that a universal state bound to the impurity can be induced for both a single nonmagnetic impurity and a single magnetic impurity. Furthermore, we find that different chiral order parameters and the corresponding supercurrents have uniform distributions around linear impurities. Calculations of the local density of states in the presence of an external magnetic field show that the intensity peak of the zero-energy Majorana mode in the vortex core can be enhanced dramatically by tuning the strength of the external magnetic field or pairing interaction.
Flora characteristics of Chenier Wetland in Bohai Bay and biogeographic relations with adjacent wetlands

A key step towards the restoration of heavily disturbed fragile coastal wetland ecosystems is determining the composition and characteristics of the plant communities involved. This study determined and characterized the community of higher plants in the Chenier wetland of Bohai Bay using a combination of field surveys, quadrat approaches,and multivariate statistical analyses. This community was then compared to other adjacent wetlands (Tianjin,Qinhuangdao,Laizhouwan,Jiaozhou-wan,and Yellow River Delta wetland) located near the Huanghai and Bohai Seas using principal coordinate analysis (PCoA). Results showed a total of 56 higher plant species belonging to 52 genera from 20 families in Chenier wetland,the majority of which were dicotyledons. Single-species families were predominant,while larger families, including Gramineae,Compositae, Leguminosae, and Chenopodiaceae contained a higher number of species(each ≥ 6 species). Cosmopolitan species were also dominant with apparent intrazonality. Abundance (number of species) of temperate species was twice that of tropical taxa. Species number of perennial herbs,such as Gramineae and Compositae,was generally higher. Plant diversity in the Chenier wetland,based on the Shannon-Wiener index, was observed to be between the Qinhuangdao and Laizhouwan indices,while no significant difference was found in other wetlands using the Simpson index. Despite these slight differences in diversity, PCoA based on species abundance and composition of the wetland flora suggest that the Bohai Chenier community was highly similar to the coastal wetlands in Tianjin and Laizhouwan,further suggesting that these two wetlands could be important breeding grounds and resources for the restoration of the plant ecosystem in the Chenier wetland.
Remote sensing observations of phytoplankton increases triggered by successive typhoons

Phytoplankton blooms in the Western North Pacific,triggered by two successive typhoons with different intensities and translation speeds under different pre-existing oceanic conditions,were observed and analyzed using remotely sensed chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), sea surface temperature (SST),and sea surface height anomaly (SSHA) data, as well as typhoon parameters and CTD (conductivity, temperature,and depth) profiles. Typhoon Sinlaku,with relatively weaker intensity and slower translation speed, induced a stronger phytoplankton bloom than Jangmi with stronger intensity and faster translation speed (Chl-a >0.18 mg·m~(-3) versus Chl-a<0.15 mg· m~(-3)) east of Taiwan Island. Translation speed may be one of the important mechanisms that affect phytoplankton blooms in the study area. Pre-existing cyclonic circulations provided a relatively unstable thermodynamic structure for Sinlaku, and therefore cold water with rich nutrients could be brought up easily. The mixed-layer deepening caused by Typhoon Sinlaku, which occurred first,could have triggered an unfavorable condition for the phytoplankton bloom induced by Typhoon Jangmi which followed afterwards. The sea surface temperature cooling by Jangmi was suppressed due to the presence of the thick upper-ocean mixed-layer, which prevented the deeper cold water from being entrained into the upper-ocean mixed layer, leading to a weaker phytoplankton augment. The present study suggests that both wind (including typhoon translation speed and intensity) and pre-existing conditions (e.g., mixed-layer depths,eddies, and nutrients) play important roles in the strong phytoplankton bloom,and are responsible for the stronger phytoplankton bloom after Sinlaku's passage than that after Jangmi's passage. A new typhoon- influencing parameter is introduced that combines the effects of the typhoon forcing (including the typhoon intensity and translation speed) and the oceanic precondition. This parameter shows that the forcing effect of Sinlaku was stronger than that of Jangmi.
Epigenetic regulators sculpt the plastic brain

BACKGROUND: Epigenetic regulation is a level of transcriptional regulation that occurs in addition to the genetic programming found in biological systems. In the brain, the epigenetic machinery gives the system an opportunity to adapt to a given environment to help not only the individual but also the species survive and expand. However, such a regulatory system has risks, as mutations resulting from epigenetic regulation can cause severe neurological or psychiatric disorders. OBJECTIVE: Here, we review the most recent findings regarding the epigenetic mechanisms that control the activity-dependent gene transcription leading to synaptic plasticity and brain function and the defects in these mechanisms that lead to neurological disorders. METHODS: A search was carried out systematically, searching all relevant publications up to June 2017, using the PubMed search engine. The following keywords were used: "activity induced epigenetic," "gene transcription," and "neurological disorders." RESULTS: A wide range of studies focused on the roles of epigenetics in transgenerational inheritance, neural differentiation, neural circuit assembly and brain diseases. Thirty-one articles focused specifically on activity-induced epigenetic modifications that regulated gene transcription and memory formation and consolidation. CONCLUSION: Activity-dependent epigenetic mechanisms of gene expression regulation contribute to basic neuronal physiology, and defects were associated with an elevated risk for brain disorders.
Evolution and developmental genetics of floral display-A review of progress

Angiosperms evolved a great diversity of ways to display their flowers for reproductive success by variation in floral color, size, shape, scent, arrangements, and flowering time. The various innovations in floral forms and the aggregation of flowers into different kinds of inflorescences can drive new ecological adaptations, speciation, and angiosperm diversification. Evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo) seeks to uncover the developmental and genetic basis underlying morphological diversification. Advances in the developmental genetics of floral display have provided a foundation for insights into the genetic basis of floral and inflorescence evolution. A number of regulatory genes controlling floral and inflorescence development have been identified in model plants @@(e.g., Arabidopsis thaliana, Antirrhinum majus) using forward genetics and conserved functions of many of these genes across diverse non-model species have been revealed by reverse genetics. Gene-regulatory networks that mediated the developmental progresses of floral and inflorescence development have also been established in some plant species. Meanwhile, phylogeny-based comparative analysis of morphological and genetic character has enabled the identification of key evolutionary events that lead to morphological complexity and diversification. Here we review the recent progress on evo-devo studies of floral display including floral symmetry, petal fusion, floral color, floral scent, and inflorescences. We also review the molecular genetic approaches applied to plant evo-devo studies and highlight the future directions of evo-devo.
Human induced pluripotent stem cell based in vitro models of the bloodbrain barrier: the future standard?

There is an urgent and tremendous need for human disease models in drug development in order to improve preclinical predictability. In the case of brain disorders drugs have to cross the blood-brain barrier(BBB) to enter the central nervous system(CNS). It was estimated that more than 95% of the drugs cannot cross the BBB. In the case of biopharmaceutics, it seems to be even more difficult for them to overcome the BBB and reach their target sites. The major tasks of the BBB are to maintain CNS homeostasis and prevent entrance of pathogens and toxins, but also to be a part of the brain's waste disposal system. In a simplistic view, the BBB could be understood as a kind of bidirectional, active filter system. The tightening component of the BBB is the brain capillary endothelial cells(BCECs) which differ from peripheral endothelial cells by forming tight junctions sealing the intercellular gaps, possessing no fenestrae and exhibiting strongly reduced transcytosis(Avdeef et al., 2015).
丙型病毒性肝炎抗病毒治疗现状

丙型病毒性肝炎(简称丙肝),是由丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染引起的病毒性肝炎。据世界卫生组织(WHO)最新统计,全球感染HCV患者超过1.85亿,我国普通人群HCV抗体的阳性率约为0.43%。在过去20年,丙肝患者的标准治疗方案是α-干扰素(α-IFN)联合利巴韦林(RBV),即PR方案,该方案的疗程与HCV基因型(genotype,GT)有关,为24周(GT-2 / 3)至48周(GT-1 / 4),少数患者需达到72周(PR应答不佳者),存在药物不良反应大,患者依从性差等缺点。近3年,随着直接抗病毒药物(direct-acting antivirals,DAA)的研发,短疗程、高效、可耐受的DAA联合疗法为丙肝治疗带来了突破性的进展,使丙肝的治愈成为可能。本文就目前丙肝抗病毒治疗的研究现状做一简要综述。
Effect of Plasticizer Poly(Ethylene Glycol) on the Crystallization Properties of Stereocomplex-Type Poly (Lactide Acid)

The effects of the plasticizer poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) on crystallization properties of equimolar poly(L-lactide) (PLLA)/poly(D-lactide) (PDLA) blends were investigated. Formation of the stereocomplex-type poly(lactide acid) (sc-PLA) crystallites was confirmed by Wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses. Sc-PLA crystallites without any homochiral poly(lactide acid) (hc-PLA) formed, as the result of the incorporation of the plasticizer PEG (more than or equal to 10%(wt)) at a processing temperature (240 ℃). Moreover, when the ${{\bar M}_{\rm{W}}}$ of PEG reached $1\;000\;{\rm{g}} \cdot {\rm{mo}}{{\rm{l}}^{ - 1}}$, the crystallizability of stereocomplex crystallites was the best. Isothermal crystallization kinetics further revealed that PEG could accelerate the crystallization rate of sc-PLA, with the optimum crystallization kinetic parameters being obtained at 10% (wt) PEG. Several crystallization kinetics equations were applied to describe the effect of PEG on the crystallization behavior of sc-PLA. The influence of PEG on the spherocrystal morphologies of sc-PLA was also investigated using polarized optical microscopy.
不伴急性髓细胞白血病颅内原发髓细胞肉瘤1例

MS是指髓系肿瘤细胞浸润骨髓以外组织形成的肿瘤,即一系或多系的髓系原始细胞向髓外增殖,破坏正常组织结构,可发生于任何部位,多见于皮肤、胃肠道、淋巴结、骨等,侵犯颅内者罕见。中枢神经系统MS多见于儿童和青年人,好发于颅顶部,常伴发于白血病患者,也可先于白血病发生。MS与白血病的关系尚未明确。MS免疫组化通常表达CD68阳性,其次为MPO、CD117、lysozyme和CD34。MRI表现为结节样、多发性,T1WI和T2WI均呈等或稍低信号,增强后呈明显均匀强化。本例除上述表现外,还伴有邻近脑膜增厚、强化、瘤周水肿。本病需与以下疾病相鉴别:①恶性脑膜瘤,常伴骨质破坏,而MS无骨质受侵;②硬膜下血肿,信号较复杂,慢性期与MS信号相似,T1WI和T2WI表现为等信号,但增强扫描表现为边缘强化;③胶质瘤,可发生于脑膜附近,信号多不均匀,增强扫描呈不均匀强化,属脑内肿瘤;④血管外皮细胞瘤,T2WI多呈等高混杂信号,血供丰富,多见囊变、坏死及血管流空信号;⑤淋巴瘤,多位于脑白质深部,呈不规则、分叶状,T1WI呈等或低信号,T2WI呈稍高信号,增强扫描呈延迟强化,肿瘤周围伴轻、中度水肿,亦可位于脑膜附近,出现"脑膜尾征"。因此当颅内占位合并AML、影像表现为结节样均匀强化且不伴有颅骨受累时,需考虑MS的可能性;而血常规正常但颅内出现上述影像表现时,也需将MS纳入鉴别诊断。
便携式超声诊断肝脏钝性损伤的研究

本研究结果表明,便携式超声进行FAST检查对诊断肝脏钝性损伤价值较高,虽然超声检查的准确性依赖于检查者的熟练程度,但经过培训的外科医生、护士等,利用便携式超声进行FAST检查可以达到快速检查的目的。便携式超声对肝脏损伤详细检查结果不理想,尚需提高便携式超声质量及扩大研究数量。
Artificial periosteum in bone defect repair—A review

Periosteum is a thin membrane that encases the surfaces of most bones. It is composed of an outer fibrous layer contains longitudinally oriented cells and collagen fibers and an inner cambial layer that consists of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and osteogenic progenitor cells. Periosteum has a function of regulating cell and collagen arrangement, which is important to the integrity, modelling and remodelling of bone, particularly during bone defect repair. Apart from autograft and allograft, artificial periosteum, or tissue-engineered periosteum mimicking native periosteum in structure or function, made up of small intestinal submucosa, acellular dermis, induced membrane, cell sheets, and polymeric scaffolds, and so on, has been developed to be used in bone defect repair. In this review, we classify the artificial periosteum into three approaches based on the material source, that is, native tissues, scaffoldfree cell sheets and scaffold-cell composites. Mechanisms, methods and efficacy of each approach are provided. Existing obstacles and enabling technologies for future directions are also discussed.
简析方证辨证的三种境界

综合分析方证理论的提出与发展过程,结合文献研究,认为各家对方证辨证内涵莫衷一是的原因往往是对"证"理解的不同。以"证"内涵三种不同的理解作为着眼点,结合方证之间的相关性,分别从证是症状、证是证据、证是病机三个方面简析方证辨证的三种境界。
安徽省阜南县医疗服务共同体模式下分级诊疗效果分析

推动优质资源下沉,促进患者合理流动是分级诊疗的关键所在。为进一步形成不同利益主体间的均衡与目标协同,完善医疗服务体系整合,优化分级诊疗格局,安徽省在县域医疗服务共同体(以下简称“医共体”)探索方面试点先行,把推进分级诊疗作为医共体实施过程中的重要内容之一。其中,阜南县作为安徽省首批15个医共体试点县之一,以创新思维积极推进分级诊疗。本研究对反映阜南县医共体改革前后分级诊疗制度实施效果的不同级别医疗机构就诊情况、整体流向、费用和补偿水平、转诊情况等指标进行分析,并提出相应的政策建议。
北京市某三级甲等医院知名专家团队层级转诊患者满意度调查

我国诊疗服务领域现行的自由就医模式,充分赋予了患者就医自主选择权,但也逐渐加剧了“大医院人满为患,基层医院门可罗雀”的尴尬局面。北京市某医院是一家专科特色突出的三级甲等综合医院,患者来自全国各地,医疗资源供给远远不能满足医疗需求。为落实北京市卫生和计划生育委员会“构建公平、有序就医秩序,打击‘号贩子’8条措施”中的具体要求,医院于2016年3月起开展了知名专家团队层级转诊试点工作。该工作是指患者由以往直接挂知名专家号,改为直接挂知名专家领衔的专家团队号,挂上号的初诊患者,经过团队出诊医生进行首诊,经过专业诊断和辅助检查后,发现确实需要知名专家诊治的患者,出诊医生通过纵向诊间转诊的方式,直接帮助患者预约知名专家的诊疗时间。同时,由知名专家诊治过的患者可以根据病情需要由知名专家本人预约复诊,或下转给团队其他成员进行复诊,形成双向转诊机制。试点工作开展以来,运行基本平稳。
我院实施护理垂直管理探索

护理垂直管理是以护理部-科护士长-护士长为主线的垂直管理模式,将护理人、财、物与责、权、利相统一,从而使护理系统得到最优运转。随着我国医药卫生体制改革的不断深入,实施护理人员岗位管理是新形势下提升医院护理科学管理水平、调动护士积极性的关键举措,也是稳定和发展护理人员队伍的有效途径。我院是北京市医院管理局第一批护士岗位管理试点单位,自2016年在全院推行护理垂直管理模式以来取得了较好的成效,护理效率、服务质量及专科护理发展都得到了明显的提升。本研究通过对我院护理人员管理经验进行总结,以期为护理人员管理模式的改革提供参考依据。
患方签名电子化应用与探讨

医院信息系统和电子病历系统的应用,是为了实现医疗诊治过程中信息采集、加工、存储和传输的信息化和无纸化。通过采用可信时间戳和可靠电子签名等技术,使得电子病历与纸质病历具有同等法律效力,但涉及到患方手写签名电子化的问题仍有待探讨。本研究提出将手写签名电子化系统应用于医疗业务中的方法及策略,以实现电子病历的全面无纸化,为推动病历信息数据融合、促进医疗信息数据再利用、明确电子病历相关的标准规范提供借鉴。