mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Direction of arrival estimation on cylindrical conformal array using RARE

When the information of mutual coupling and shadowing effect of a conformal antenna array are unknown, the performance of direction of arrival(DOA)estimation will be seriously degraded by using some classical methods, such as the multiple signal classification(MUSIC)algorithm.Meanwhile it is difficult to measure or estimate the shadowing effect. The DOA estimation for a conformal uniform circular array(UCA)is studied.Firstly, the azimuthal angle is separated from all the unknown information by transforming the UCA from the element space to the mode space. Then the rank reduction(RARE)algorithm is applied in the estimation of the azimuthal angle.Theπambiguity existed in the RARE is solved by the beam forming. The main advantage of this method is that it does not need to measure the mutual coupling and the shadowing effect.Compared with the subarray method, it will not decrease the aperture of the array.Simulation results validate the advantages of the method.
弹性克氏针外固定架治疗闭合性近指间关节粉碎性骨折脱位

目的探讨弹性克氏针外固定支架在治疗闭合性近指间关节粉碎性骨折、脱位中的临床应用效果。方法对5例近指间关节内闭合性粉碎性骨折患者, 使用弹性克氏针外固定支架进行固定, 术后即开始指导患者进行患指主动功能康复训练, 定期复查, 待骨折愈合后取出外固定支架, 并对患指功能进行评价。结果5例患者术后获得8~12个月随访, 平均(10.4±0.2)个月, 均未发生骨折不愈合或畸形愈合, 无针道感染发生。1例患者术后3周出现外固定架失稳表现, 给予拆除后改为指骨夹板继续固定1周。术后功能评价: 优4例, 良1例。结论弹性克氏针外固定支架在治疗闭合性近指间关节粉碎性骨折、脱位方面, 具有创伤小、操作简便、固定可靠、价格低廉、便于基层医院推广等优势。
王浆酸锗对U14瘤的抑制作用

目的观察王浆酸锗体内外对小鼠U14瘤的抑制作用。方法MTT法评价王浆酸锗体外抑制U14瘤的活性: 建立小鼠U14瘤模型, 以王浆酸锗高、中、低剂量连续给药10 d, 分离瘤体, 计算肿瘤抑制率, 评价其体内抗肿瘤活性。结果MTT法显示王浆酸锗(1、10和100 mg/L)体外对U14瘤的抑制率分别为18.43%、33.12%和55.20%, IC_(50)为43.60 mg/L: 体内活性实验表明王浆酸锗高、中、低剂量组的抑制率分别为70.0%、51.8%和42.4%。结论王浆酸锗对小鼠U14瘤有较强的抑制作用。
Synthesis and in vitro activities on anti-platelet aggregation of N, N1-di(2-substituted-phenyl)-4-methoxyisophthalamides and benzene- 1, 3-disulfonamides

On the propose of searching for the SAR and obtaining novel antiplatelet aggregating drugs, we have described the synthesis procedure and the activities in vitro on antiplatelet aggregation of two series of derivatives, which contain both 18 N, N1-di(2substitutedphenyl)-4-methoxyisophthalamides(2a-2r) of the 2 series and nine NN-di(2-substitutedphenyl)-4-methoxybenzene-1, 3-disulfonamides(3a-3i) of the 3 series. The results showed that three compounds 2e, 2i and 3g emerged as significant activities of antiplatelet aggregation, superior to two reference drugs picotamide and aspirin, and eight compounds 2j, 2k, 21, 2o, 2p, 2q, 2r and 3i merely superior to picotamide. The preliminary SAR shows that it is favorable for the 2 series to increase the activities via the steric hindrance substituents attached to the two side chain benzene rings at 2-positions. And the arylamides of the 2 series have better the activity values than the arylsulfonamides of the 3 series respective except for 3b and 3g. On the contrary, electrostatic factors would not contribute evidently to the activities of the two series. The structures of 15 compounds newly synthesized have been established by MS and 1H NMR and been first reported in this paper.
原发性鼻结核1例

耳鼻咽喉结核发病率较低, 鼻结核最少见、鼻结核大部分为继发性, 原发性罕见(1)。近年来, 结核病有复燃上升的趋势, 应引起临床医生的警惕、鼻结核好发于鼻中隔前段, 可侵及鼻前庭皮肤、鼻腔底及下鼻甲前段, 向深层发展可破坏骨质, 若侵及鼻窦, 上颌窦被侵及的机会较多(2), 病理上主要分为肉芽肿型和表浅溃疡型2种(3)。
诱导型一氧化氮合酶的调控机制及其抑制剂的研究进展

目的: 探究诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)中药源抑制剂的抗炎机制。方法: iNOS在辅助因子存在情况下, 将L-精氨酸转变为L-瓜氨酸的同时产生一氧化氮(NO), 过量的NO将导致细胞损伤、组织坏死, 进而促进炎症性疾病的发生和发展。结果: iNOS的表达与信号通路中的丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)通路、核因子(NF)-κB通路、蛋白激酶(PK)C通路、环腺苷酸(cAMP)依赖PKA通路、核激素受体过氧化物酶体增生物激活受体(PPAR)通路、磷脂酰肌醇三羟基激酶(PI3K)-蛋白激酶B(Akt)通路、 JAK/信号转导及转录活化因子(STAT)通路、血红素加氧酶(HO)-1/一氧化碳(CO)通路均密切相关。结论: iNOS中药源抑制剂通过各种信号通路而发挥其抗炎作用。
一个生态恢复的实践范本--浑善达克模式

生态环境破坏严重令全社会忧心, 而如何恢复日益退化的生态环境是当今生态学家面临的历史使命。中国科学院植物研究所首席研究员蒋高明等于2000年在内蒙古自治区正蓝旗(浑善达克腹地)设立了生态恢复试验区, 试图在中国退化生态系统恢复的研究中闯出一条新路。10年过去了, 试验区面貌发生了重大改观, 往日退化严重的沙地如今已经牧草丰茂、生机盎然。浑善达克生态恢复模式也因此被中外媒体广泛报道, 并进入了美国大学教科书。
内吗啡肽结构改造及其对心血管系统的作用

阿片(opium), 又叫鸦片, 俗称大烟, 源于罂粟植物蒴果, 其作为药用的历史可追溯自6000年前。目前已经明确, 阿片所含主要生物碱是吗啡(morphine)。吗啡具有镇痛、镇静、减轻心脏负荷、缓解恐惧情绪、暂时缓解肺水肿症状等作用; 但是长期或过量使用, 则造成药物依赖性甚至造成死亡。阿片受体(opioid receptor)是阿片类物质作用的部位, 目前共发现μ、κ、δ、σ和ε等5种。其中, μ阿片受体是阿片类物质产生镇痛作用的主要部位, 也是研究最多的阿片受体; κ受体主要参与阿片类药物椎管内镇痛、镇静、呼吸抑制、依赖、恶劣心境等; δ、σ和ε受体的功能目前还不十分清楚。
使用超高效液相色谱/串联质谱分析水样中三聚氰胺

饮用水安全是食品安全的一个重要组成部分, 其通过饮水和食物链直接或间接影响人体健康健康, 因此开展水样中三聚氰胺的分析方法研究迫在眉睫。
北京城市道路降雨径流监测与分析

城市地表径流污染的研究开始于20世纪70年代初期, 随着研究的深入, 包括城市道路在内的路面径流逐渐引起了关注, 但是国内对于整个城市路面特征的系统研究较少, 仍旧需要大量的相关基础性研究, 才能对城市路面径流污染普遍特征做出合理有效的识别和分析. 本研究根据北京市不同功能区划和道路等级设置采样点, 对路面降雨径流进行监测和分析, 进一步验证路面径流污染的规律, 以期对北京市道路非点源污染治理提供依据。
苏南河网水体负荷削减工程及其效果分析

太湖流域的污染负荷主要来自入湖河流, 开展入湖河流水环境综合治理对太湖流域水环境和湖体富营养化改善具有重要的意义.20世纪80年代以后, 河流生态修复成为国际上的热点. 欧洲、美国、日本等国家, 河流生态修复的相关研究与实践开展得较多, 修复技术已相对比较成熟. 自20世纪90年代末, 我国进入河流综合治理和生态修复阶段, 相继开展了河流的修复工作, 但大多停留在模仿国内外已有案例的初步尝试和探索阶段[1]. 随着水污染的加剧, 高效低耗的水污染处理技术日益受到人们的重视, 水生植物以其特有的组织和生态功能及易于人工操纵等原因而在净化水体污染、防治富营养化方面发挥了重要的作用[2]。
B细胞BCR CDR3受体库的高通量测序分析概况

B细胞是介导机体体液免疫应答的主要细胞群, 其识别、结合抗原主要依赖互补决定区(CDR), 它决定着抗体的特异性, 而互补决定区3(CDR3)比CDR1、CDR2更具多样性[1], 通过观察机体B细胞BCR CDR3受体库的多样性、重叠率的大小、CDR3区的基因/氨基酸组成特征、各亚家族的偏向取用等, 可以观察生理及病理状态下机体免疫的相关情况。高通量测序能对一个物种的转录组和基因组进行全貌、细致的分析, 目前在国外已开展并应用于B细胞BCR CDR3受体库测序。
2例肺癌副癌综合征在口腔颌面部的表现

副癌综合征(paraneoplastic syndrome, PNS)是恶性肿瘤患者伴发的一组临床症状群，它是由于癌肿影响远隔组织和器官产生症状，而非癌肿直接侵犯该组织和器官。多种肿瘤均可伴发副癌综合征，最常见的为肺癌，此外消化道恶性肿瘤、乳腺恶性肿瘤、口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤、鼻咽癌、白血病等均有报道。副癌综合征出现明显的临床症状可发生在肿瘤 发现之前、之后或同时，一旦出现该综合征几乎均预 示预后不良，也有学者认为发生副癌综合征的恶性 肿瘤预后要好于未发生的。肺癌伴发副癌综合征常 见有高钙血症、肺性肥大性骨关节病、神经肌肉综合 征、稀释性低钠血症和顽固性高热等临床表现，肝癌 副癌综合征的常见症状有高胆固醇血症、低血糖症、 高钙血症、血小板增多症、白细胞增多症和红细胞增 多症等，口腔癌副癌综合征有内分泌、皮肤病、斯威 特综合征、中性粒细胞类白血病反应、大脑静脉窦血 栓性静脉炎和皮肌炎等，乳腺癌副癌综合征有副肿 瘤性视网膜病、下位运动神经元病和Stiffman综合 征等表现，此外均伴有不同程度贫血等。DAVID等~([1])对原发口腔鸽面部恶性肿瘤引起的副癌综合征做了 较为细致的报道，但很少有文献报道肺癌副癌综合 征出现口腔颂面部症状为首诊症状的病例。
基于本体技术的PBL教学法在急诊临床实习中的应用

目的探讨急诊临床实习中应用基于本体技术的PBL教学方法的效果。方法采用问卷调查法对 120名接受PBL教学法的实习生进行调查。结果影响基于本体技术的PBL教学效果的因素中，起主要作用 的分别是实习时间有限（106人，88.33%）、资料过多（98人，81.67%）和对资料分析处理不足（87人，72.5%）等3 个方面。结论PBL教学法能提高学生学习的积极性，锻炼学生应急能力，拓宽了知识面，PBL教学法适应急诊 临床实习教学，值得推广。
稻田免耕直播油菜三峡油3号的种植密度研究

通过6个密度处理水平的单因素随机区组试验，研究了三峡工程重庆库区稻田免耕直播油菜的合理种植密度。试验结果表明，种植密度为 37.5万株/hm2和45.0万株/hm2时，产量最高，分别为2 555.10kg/hm2和2 511.75kg/hm2，二者之间没有显著差异。
国鉴苦荞新品种晋荞麦2号的选育及制种技术

晋荞麦2号是原山西农业科学院小杂粮研究中心(现合并于山西农业科学院作物科学研究所)用250Gy钴60诱变地方品种五台苦荞选育而成。2000年9月通过山西省品种审定委员会小杂粮专业组的田间鉴定，2001年通过山西省农作物品种审定委员会审定。2010年8月通过国家小宗粮豆品种鉴定委员会鉴定。
健脾疏肝解毒散结法治疗乳腺癌探析

乳腺癌在我国发病率逐年增长，已严重困扰女性健康。中医在乳腺癌综合治疗中具有独特的优势和疗效。从中医健脾疏肝，解毒散结法治疗乳腺癌进行探讨，以便更好地提高疗效。
基于禀赋概念的“五态人”与中风发病相关性初步研究

目的：以禀赋概念为基础，阐明中风病患者的“五态人”特征及与中风发病的相关性。方法：运用中医《五态性格测验表》调查100例脑梗死患者(病例组)的“五态人”类型，并与全国总体常模作对照。结果：与全国总体常模比较，太阳人格维度、少阳人格维度和阴阳和平人格维度得分，病例组明显偏低。少阴人格维度和太阴人格维度得分，病例组明显偏高。结论：太阳分偏低而太阴分偏高是脑梗死病人的主要危险因素，说明“五态人”特征与脑梗死发病具有明显相关性。
未病学在高血压前期防治探微

高血压前期的人群，是高血压病的高危人群，因此预防至关重要。应用中医治未病理论，根据高血压前期的发病特点及未病的状态，通过辨证调理体质即治未病的方法，来表达养生是基础，体质是根本，关注高危人群，发病先兆和干预亚健康状态为重点，来改善高血压前期状态，避免高血压病的发生。它将为进一步探讨中医防治高血压前期提供依据和有意的借鉴。
李鹏飞之“三元”养生学术思想研究

李鹏飞，南宋宁宗嘉定十五年(1222年)生于安徽省青阳县，号澄心老人，元初著名的养生家和儒医，著有《三元延寿参赞书》五卷。李鹏飞秉承唐宋以前养生名家的学术思想，从天、地、人三个角度分析人之天寿的保养方法，形成了对养生保健的独特认识。他的核心思想为“人之寿，天元六十，地元六十，人元六十，共一百八十岁。不知戒读，则日加顿焉。精气不固，则天元之寿减矣；谋为过当，则地元之寿减矣；饮食不节，则人元之寿减矣。当宝啬而不知所爱，当禁忌而不知所避，神日以耗，病日以来，而寿日以促矣。”他的“三元”养生学说在中医养生文化史上占有重要地位。
《内经》“和”思想研究概况

“和”是中国传统文化的核心思想之一。先秦诸子(典籍)对《内经》“和”思想形成有直接影响，“和”思想贯穿于《内经》天道观、天人观、人事观、人体观、养生观等多个方面，是《内经》理论构建的重要思想原则与认知方法。
重组人干扰素α-1b联合氦氖激光治疗带状疱疹患者8例

由于老年人往往免疫力相对较差，发生带状疱疹时临床症状常较重，且容易后遗神经痛(PHN)，有报道老年患者PHN发生率高达50%~75%(1)。常规的治疗方法为抗病毒及对症治疗等，由于老年人大多体质较弱，基础疾病多，有些患者不方便或不适合应用常规抗病毒药物。我科采用重组人干扰素α-1b(IFN-α-1b)联合氦氖激光治疗带状疱疹82例，取得了较满意的疗效，现报道如下。
蒙药高尤-9对衰老大鼠卵巢抗氧化活性及端粒酶活性的影响

目的研究补肾蒙药高尤-9对衰老大鼠卵巢抗氧化活性和端粒酶活性的作用。方法Wistar雌性大鼠分为4组，正常对照组和衰老模型组用生理盐水灌胃，给药组用高尤-9分别以每天4，1 g/kg的剂量灌胃，连续灌胃6 w后检测大鼠卵巢组织丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性及端粒酶活性。结果蒙药高尤-9可明显提高衰老大鼠卵巢组织SOD和端粒酶活性，降低MDA含量，蒙药高尤-9用药组与衰老模型组比较差异显著(P<0.05)。结论蒙药高尤-9可提高衰老大鼠卵巢抗氧化能力和端粒酶活性，具有抗大鼠卵巢衰老的作用。
山柰酚抑制人前列腺癌PC-3细胞迁移及其作用机制

目的探讨山柰酚对人前列腺癌PC-3细胞迁移的作用及机制。方法应用损伤愈合实验检测山柰酚对PC-3细胞迁移的作用：采用Western印迹及明胶酶图等方法检测基质金属蛋白酶2(MMP-2)的表达及山柰酚对MAPK信号通路的影响。结果损伤愈合实验结果显示，山柰酚抑制体外培养的人前列腺癌PC-3细胞迁移入损伤区。用山柰酚处理PC-3细胞24 h，迁移相关蛋白MMP-2的表达被显著下调。山柰酚刺激PC-3细胞后，p38 MAPK信号通路磷酸化水平显著升高(P<0.05)。结论山柰酚抑制PC-3细胞迁移，该作用可能与山柰酚降低MMP-2的表达及激活 p38 MAPK信号通路有关。
优质杂交晚稻新组合T优H505

T优H505是衡阳市农业科学研究所以湖南杂交水稻研究中心选育的T98A为母本、自选的H505(镇恢084/辐恢838)为父本配组选育而成的迟熟杂交晚稻新组合，该组合具有增产潜力较大、熟期较早、米质优等优良特性，2011年通过湖南省农作物品种审定委员会审定。
优质香型杂交水稻新组合宜香优1108

宜香优1108是四川省宜宾市农业科学院用自育优质香型不育系宜香1A与自育恢复系宜恢1108配组育成的高产香型优质杂交稻新组合，具有丰产性好、米质优、香味浓、适应性好等特点，2011年通过四川省农作物品种审定委员会审定。
川北丘区水稻生产现状及高产高效技术路线

水稻是川北丘陵地区传统的农业优势产业，因受多种因素影响，当前存在着主导品种少、新技术推广滞后等问题。针对该地区特定的生态环境，因地制宜，分类指导，走与之相适宜的“高产技术集成、机插机收、免耕抛秧、旱稻节水种植”等高产高效技术路线，水稻增产增收的潜力将进一步得到发挥。
一种水稻光温敏核不育系提纯繁殖方法的初步研究

针对水稻光温敏核不育系高世代提纯繁殖过程中起点温度漂变的问题，利用生产用安农810S、P88S和C815S 3个光温敏核不育系种子，通过建立2个遗传背景完全相同的不育系大群体，实现核心单株筛选与繁殖同步进行，研究一种不育系提纯繁殖的方法。
芒果苷对血小板聚集和释放CD62P的影响

目的：观察芒果苷对人血小板聚集和活化后释放抗血小板P-选择素(CD620P)的影响。方法：采集24份健康成人外周血并分成6组，采用电阻法测定血小板聚集率；用流式细胞仪检测血小板表达CD62P的阳性率。结果：芒果苷呈剂量依赖性抑制体外胶原和花生四烯酸诱导的血小板聚集；相同浓度芒果苷对胶原及花生四烯酸诱导的聚集率，其IC_(50)分别为140.77 μg/mL和98.61 μg/mL。血小板活化后表达CD62P的阳性率，在胶原诱导及花生四烯酸诱导中，与生理盐水组比较无显著性差异(P＞0.05)。结论：芒果苷对血小板的聚集有抑制作用，对花生四烯酸诱导的血小板聚集抑制活性强于胶原，但对于两者诱导血小板活化后释放CD62P没有影响。
针刀治疗腰椎间盘突出症合并棘上、棘间韧带损伤25例

腰椎间盘突出症(LDH)中约80%患者可经非手术疗法缓解。三法一练协同治疗LDH疗法，方法简便，疗效显著而持久，复发率低。将2007年3月至2010年12月共收集到50例LDH合并棘上、棘间韧带损伤患者，随机分为对照组、治疗组，采用对照治疗，报告如下。
“重剂起沉疴”与“轻量释顽疾”辨析

当今的临床用药存在药味多、剂量大的趋势。从祛邪和扶正两个方面讨论，认为重剂与轻量各有适应症，影响因素有10个方面之多，仅执其一必失于偏颇。
中国健康城市发展现状、问题及对策

20世纪80年代，健康城市行动作为一项综合干预框架(integrated activity framework)[1]在国际上被首倡，旨在联合政府部门、非政府组织和社区居民，共同应对城市中的健康议题。1986年欧洲30个城市自愿成为“城市健康促进计划”的试点。1994年以来，中国健康城市发展取得可喜成绩。城市的本质应理解为由健康人群、健康环境和健康社会有机结合的一个整体。健康城市是对传统经济发展模式的新变革，应成为中国城市发展的重要目标。要突破公共卫生思维局限，制定科学合理的标准，探索适合国情的推进体制，提供科技支撑，推动健康城市的深化和发展。
关于血清肌酐酶法分析特异性的几点讨论

血肌酐(creatinine，Cr)常规检测方法主要有两大类：化学法和酶法。化学法主要有碱性苦味酸终点法和碱性苦味酸二点动力学法。终点法的内源性干扰物种类太多，有的干扰物与苦味酸反应比Cr反应快，称为“快干扰物”，如乙酸、乙酰乙酸：有的比Cr反应慢，称“慢干扰物”，如葡萄糖、某些蛋白质残基等。因此，现多用二点动力学法测Cr。该法检测信号的“窗时间”一般为30 s至120 s，可较好地避开“快干扰”和“慢干扰”。但是，有一些干扰物的反应速度与Cr相似，如丙酮酸、α-酮戊二酸，特别是糖尿病、肾病酮症酸中毒患者血清中酮体干扰明显，碱性苦味酸二点动力学法也难以排除。此外，胆红素会使Cr测定结果偏低，当胆红素浓度升至600μmol/L时干扰明显。
专家专题报告8：脑功能与胰岛素的相互作用

脑功能与胰岛素二者之间相互作用可表现在以下 5个方面:能量平衡与糖代谢、胰岛素对脑的作用及摄食调节、神经系统对胰岛素分泌的调控、糖尿病患者的认知障碍、调节脑功能治疗糖尿病。[取自正文]
Influences of Lower-Mantle Properties on the Formation of Asthenosphere in Oceanic Upper Mantle

Asthenosphere is a venerable concept based on geological intuition of Reginald Daly nearly 100 years ago. There have been various explanations for the existence of the asthenosphere. The concept of a plume-fed asthenosphere has been around for a few years due to the ideas put forth by Yamamoto et al.. Using a two-dimensional Cartesian code based on finite-volume method, we have investigated the influences of lower-mantle physical properties on the formation of a low-viscosity zone in the oceanic upper mantle in regions close to a large mantle upwelling. The rheological law is Newtonian and depends on both temperature and depth. An extended-Boussinesq model is assumed for the energetics and the olivine to spinel, the spinel to perovskite and perovskite to post-perovskite (ppv) phase transitions are considered. We have compared the differences in the behavior of hot upwellings passing through the transition zone in the mid-mantle for a variety of models, starting with constant physical properties in the lower-mantle and culminating with complex models which have the post-perovskite phase transition and depth-dependent coefficient of thermal expansion and thermal conductivity. We found that the formation of the asthenosphere in the upper mantle in the vicinity of large upwellings is facilitated in models where both depth-dependent thermal expansivity and conductivity are included. Models with constant thermal expansivity and thermal conductivity do not produce a hot low-viscosity zone, resembling the asthenosphere. We have also studied the influences of a cylindrical model and found similar results as the Cartesian model with the important difference that upper-mantle temperatures were much cooler than the Cartesian model by about 600 to 700 K. Our findings argue for the potentially important role played by lower-mantle material properties on the development of a plume-fed asthenosphere in the oceanic upper mantle.
Stress induced polarization switching and coupled hysteretic dynamics in ferroelectric materials

The dynamic responses of ferroelectric materials upon external mechanical and electrical stimulations are inherently nonlinear and coupled. In the current paper, a macroscopic differential model is constructed for the coupled hysteretic dynamics via modeling the orientation switching induced in the materials. A non-convex potential energy is constructed with both mechanic and electric field contributions. The governing equations are formulated as nonlinear ordinary differential equations by employing the Euler-Lagrange equation, and can be easily recast into a state space form. Hysteresis loops associated with stress induced polarization switching and butterfly-shaped behavior in ferroelectric materials are also successfully captured. The effects of mechanical loadings on the electrically induced switching are numerically investigated, as well as the mechanically-induced switching with various bias electric fields.
Optimal phase sensitivity of atomic Ramsey interferometers with coherent spin states

We present a detailed analysis of phase sensitivity for a nonlinear Ramsey interferometer, which utilize effective mean-field interaction of a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate in phase accumulation. For large enough particle number N and small phase shift ?, analytical results of the Ramsey signal and the phase sensitivity are derived for a product coherent state|θ, 0). When collisional dephasing is absent, we confirm that the optimal sensitivity scales as 2/N~(3/2) for polar angle of the initial state θ = π/4 or 3π/4. The best-sensitivity phase satisfies different transcendental equations, depending upon the initial state and the observable being measured after the phase accumulation. In the presence of the collisional dephasing, we show that the N~(-3/2)-scaling rule of the sensitivity maintains with spin operators Jx and Jy measurements. A slightly better sensitivity is attainable for optimal coherent state with θ = π/6 or 5π/6.
A review of the studies on modern process for climatic proxies in north-western China

This paper reviews the modem process studies for four types of proxies (tree-ring, biologic indicators, physical proxies and geochemical indexes) in arid northwestern China for the purpose of better understanding their environmental indication for reconstructing paleoenvironment and paleoclimate. These proxies are affected by many variables in some cases, such as temperature, precipitation, pH, topography etc., and their indicative meanings may become complex sometimes. For this reason, multiple proxies might be used to complement each other if conditions permit. Moreover, potential differences of each proxy should be taken into consideration when they were used. This paper indicates the application of each modem process proxy and their advantages and disadvantages, so as to give some references to fossil data interpretation and environment reconstruction in arid north-western China.
Mitochondrial DNA sequence diversity in three ethnic populations from the South-west Iran: a preliminary study

To investigate the genetic structure of human populations in the South-west region of Iran, mitochondrial first hypervariable DNA sequences were obtained from 50 individuals representing three different ethnic groups from Khuzestan Province. Studied groups were Shushtari Persians and Chahar Lang Bakhtiyaries from Indo-Europeanspeaking populations and Bani Torof Arabs from Semitic-speaking linguistic families. Genetic analysis of mtDNA data showed high similarity of Chahar Lang Bakhtiyaries with other Iranian Indo-European-speaking populations while Shushtaries and Bani Torofs had a closer affinity with Semitic-speaking groups rather than to other Iranian populations. The relationship of Chahar Lang Bakhtiyaries and Bani Torof Arabs with their neighbor populations can be explained by linguistic and geographic proximity. Whereas, the greater similarity of Shushtari Persians with West Asian Arabs is probably according to high gene flow between them. This article represents a preliminary study of three major ethnic groups of South-west Iran which investigates the potential genetic substructure of the region.
Evolution of the chloroplast division machinery

Chloroplasts are photosynthetic organelles derived from endosymbiotic cyanobacteria during evolution. Dramatic changes occurred during the process of the formation and evolution of chloroplasts, including the large-scale gene transfer from chloroplast to nucleus. However, there are still many essential characters remaining. For the chloroplast division machinery, FtsZ proteins, Ftn2, SulA and part of the division site positioning system- MinD and MinE are still conserved. New or at least partially new proteins, such as FtsZ family proteins FtsZ1 and ARC3, ARC6H, ARCS, PDV1, PDV2 and MCD1, were introduced for the division of chloroplasts during evolution. Some bacterial cell division proteins, such as FtsA, MreB, Ftn6, FtsW and FtsI, probably lost their function or were gradually lost. Thus, the chloroplast division machinery is a dynamically evolving structure with both conservation and innovation.
High accuracy numerical solutions for band structures in strained quantum well semiconductor optical amplifiers

In this paper, we have calculated the band structure of strained quantum well (QW) semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) by using plane wave expansion method (PWEM) and finite difference method (FDM), respectively. The difference between these two numerical methods is presented. First, the solution of Schrodinger's equation in a conduction band for parabolic potential well is used to check the validity and accuracy of these two numerical methods. For the PWEM, its stability and computational speed are investigated as a function of the number of plane waves and the period of QW. For FDM, effects of mesh size and QW width on its accuracy and calculation time are discussed. Finally, we find that the computational speed of FDM generally is faster than that of PWEM. However, the PWEM is more efficient than the FDM when wider SOAs are needed to be calculated. Therefore, to obtain high accuracy and efficient numerical solutions for band structures, numerical methods should be selected depending on required accuracy, device structure and further applications.
Microwave photonic filters based on optical semiconductor amplifier

Microwave photonic filters have been characterized by low loss, light weight, broad bandwidth, good tunability, and immunity to electromagnetic interference, and these filters can overcome inherent electronic limitations. Fiber-based filters are inherently compatible with fiber-optic microwave systems and can provide connectivity with built-in signal conditioning. This review paper presents developments of microwave photonic filters based on semiconductor optical amplifier in the last few years. Challenges in system implementation for practical application are also discussed.
E2FBP1 antagonizes the p16INK4A-Rb tumor suppressor machinery for growth suppression and cellular senescence by regulating promyelocytic leukemia protein stability

Cellular senescence is an irreversible cell cycle arrest triggered by the activation of oncogenes or mitogenic signaling as well as the enforced expression of tumor suppressors such as p53, p16 NK4A and promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) in normal cells. E2F-binding protein 1 (E2FBP1), a transcription regulator for E2F, induces PML reduction and suppresses the formation of PML-nuclear bodies, whereas the down-regulation of E2FBP1 provokes the PML-dependent premature senescence in human normal fibroblasts. Here we report that the depletion of E2FBP1 induces the accumulation of PML through the Ras-dependent activation of MAP kinase signaling. The cellular levels of p16~(NK4A) and p53 are elevated during premature senescence induced by depletion of E2FBP1, and the depletion of p16~(IK4A), but not p53 rescued senescent cells from growth arrest. Therefore, the premature senescence induced by E2FBP1 depletion is achieved through the p16 INK4A-Rb pathway. Similar to human normal fibroblasts, the growth inhibition induced by E2FBP1 depletion is also observed in human tumor cells with intact p16INKA and Rb. These results suggest that E2FBP1 functions as a critical antagonist to the p16IN4A-Rb tumor suppressor machinery by regulating PML stability.
Effect of electromechanical boundary conditions on the properties of epitaxial ferroelectric thin films

The effects of internal stresses and depolarization fields on the properties of epitaxial ferroelectric perovskite thin films are discussed by employing the dynamic Ginzburg-Landau equation (DGLE). The numerical solution for BaTiO3 film shows that internal stress and the depolarization field have the most effects on ferroelectric properties such as polarization, Curie temperature and susceptibility. With the increase of the thickness of the film, the polarization of epitaxial ferroelectric thin film is enhanced rapidly under high internal compressively stress. With the thickness exceeding the critical thickness for dislocation formation, the polarization increases slowly and even weakens due to relaxed internal stresses and a weak electrical boundary condition. This indicates that the effects of mechanical and electrical boundary conditions both diminish for ferroelectric thick films. Consequently, our thermodynamic method is a full scale model that can predict the properties of ferroelectric perovskite films in a wide range of film thickness.
High entanglement generation and high fidelity quantum state transfer in a non-Markovian environment

This paper analyses a system of two independent qubits off-resonantly coupled to a common non-Markovian reservoir at zero temperature. Compared with the results in Markovian reservoirs, we find that much higher values of entanglement can be obtained for an initially factorized state of the two-qubit system. The maximal value of the entanglement increases as the detuning grows. Moreover, the entanglement induced by non-Markovian environments is more robust against the asymmetrical couplings between the two qubits and the reservoir. Based on this system, we also show that quantum state transfer can be implemented for arbitrary input states with high fidelity in the non-Markovian regime rather than the Markovian case in which only some particular input states can be successfully transferred.
Determination of temperature distribution and control parameter in a two-dimensional parabolic inverse problem with overspecified data

In this paper, we present a new algorithm to solve a two-dimensional parabolic inverse problem with a source parameter, which appears in many physical phenomena. A linearized compact difference scheme for this problem is constructed using the finite difference method. The discretization accuracy is second-order in time and fourth-order in space. We obtain the unique solvability and present an alternating direction implicit algorithm to solve this difference scheme. The results of numerical experiments are presented to demonstrate the accuracy of this algorithm.
Speeding up the MATLAB complex networks package using graphic processors

The availability of computers and communication networks allows us to gather and analyse data on a far larger scale than previously. At present, it is believed that statistics is a suitable method to analyse networks with millions, or more, of vertices. The MATLAB language, with its mass of statistical functions, is a good choice to rapidly realize an algorithm prototype of complex networks. The performance of the MATLAB codes can be further improved by using graphic processor units (GPU). This paper presents the strategies and performance of the GPU implementation of a complex networks package, and the Jacket toolbox of MATLAB is used. Compared with some commercially available CPU implementations, GPU can achieve a speedup of , on average, 11.3x. The experimental result proves that the GPU platform combined with the MATLAB language is a good combination for complex network research.