mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
On n-Widths of a Sobolev Function Class in Orlicz Spaces

This paper considers the problem of n-widths of a Sobolev function class Q_∞~r determined by P_r(D) = D~σ ∏_(j=1)~l(D~2 - t_j~2I) in Orlicz spaces. The relationship between the extreme value problem and width theory is revealed by using the methods of functional analysis. Particularly, as σ = 0 or σ = 1, the exact values of Kolmogorov's widths, Gelfand's widths, and linear widths are obtained respectively, and the related extremal subspaces and optimal linear operators are given.
On Support r-tilting Modules over Endomorphism Algebras of Rigid Objects

We consider a Krull-Schmidt, Hom-finite, 2-Calabi-Yau triangulated category with a basic rigid object T, and show a bijection between the set of isomorphism classes of basic rigid objects in the finite presented category pr T of T and the set of isomorphism classes of basic r-rigid pairs in the module category of the endomorphism algebra Endc(T)~(op). As a consequence, basic maximal objects in prT are one-to-one correspondence to basic support r-tilting modules over End_c(T)~(op). This is a generalization of correspondences established by Adachi-Iyama-Reiten.
前沿外科手术队对我国海上灾害医学救援的启示

随着我国经济的崛起,航海事业、海洋贸易飞速发展,各种海难事故也呈增多趋势。海上灾害具有事故发生突然、伤员众多的特点,受气象、海况影响,搜救十分困难。
肛瘘差异基因表达谱的分析

肛瘘的发病机制尚未完全明确,而从分子水平探寻肛瘘黏膜病变相关基因的研究鲜有报道。我们通过基因芯片检测技术探讨肛瘘患者肛管黏膜组织与正常组织的遗传学差异。
II型跨膜丝氨酸蛋白酶Hepsin、抑癌基因Maspin在胃癌中的表达及其临床意义

本研究旨在探讨Ⅱ型跨膜丝氨酸蛋白酶Hepsin、抑癌基因Maspin在胃癌中的表达及意义,现报道如下。
HPLC法测定泽泻中3种成分的含量

目的:建立HPLC法同时测定泽泻中环氧泽泻烯、24-乙酰泽泻醇A和23-乙酰泽泻醇B的含量。方法:色谱条件采用Diamonsil C_(18)(2)色谱柱(250 mm ×4.6 mm,5 μm);以0.1%磷酸水溶液(A)和乙腈(B)为流动相进行梯度洗脱;检测波长210 nm;柱温30 ℃ ;流速1.0 mL/min;进样量20 μL。结果:3种成分分离度良好。方法学考察结果表明该方法稳定性和重现性好,加样回收率均大于99%。结论:该方法操作简便、重复性好、分离效果好,可以作为泽泻的质量控制方法。
计算机辅助认知训练对脑卒中患者认知功能恢复的影响及其机制的fMRI研究

目的:通过静息态功能磁共振成像探讨计算机辅助认知训练对缺血性脑卒中认知功能障碍患者海马功能连接模式的影响,并进一步分析其改善认知功能的可能机制。方法:将30例缺血性脑卒中认知功能障碍患者随机均等分为认知训练组(n=15)和对照组(n=15),认知训练组采用常规治疗结合计算机辅助认知训练(RehaCom系统),对照组只接受常规治疗,治疗时间为12周。所有受试者在治疗前后均进行认知神经量表评估(包括蒙特利尔认知评估量表,MoCA)和韦氏记忆量表,以及静息态功能磁共振扫描,观察治疗前后患者认知功能及静息态下海马功能连接模式的改变情况。结果:①认知训练组患者的认知功能改善程度明显高于对照组。②与对照组相比,治疗后认知训练组患者大脑与左侧海马功能连接增强的脑区,主要包括左侧楔前叶、右额内侧回、右侧额下回、左侧颞中回等;与右侧海马功能连接增强的脑区主要包括右侧额中回、左侧额下回、右侧额上回、小脑后叶、左侧楔前叶等。结论:计算机辅助认知训练有助于改善脑卒中认知功能障碍患者的认知功能,而静息态海马功能连接模式的转变可能是脑卒中后认知功能恢复的机制之一。
Metal contamination assessment in the urban stream sediments and tributaries of coastal area southwest Nigeria

A geochemical assessment of the fifty surface stream sediments from Ikorodu Southwest Nigeria was carried out to determine the level of contamination. The sediments were dried, disaggregated and sieved to <75 μm fraction for geochemical analysis, using the aqua-regia digestion technique and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Major elements showed the following trend Fe >Al >Ca >Na >Mg >K >P >Ti and were below the average shale concentration, except for Na in one sample. Results from factor and correlation analyses showed two groups of trace elements Ni, Co, Mn, U, Th, Sr, V, La, Cr, Ba, Sc, Ga, Cs, Nb, Rb, Y,Ce and Mo, Pb, Zn, As, Cd, Sb, Sn, Zr, which were from geogenic and anthropogenic sources, respectively. The enrichment factor showed that Cd, Bi. Pt, Mo and Ag were, for all samples, within background concentrations, except those of the Ogun River and the Owode Onirin, which showed significant enrichment of Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb and Ag, depletion to minimal enrichment for Bi, Mo and moderate enrichment for Pt. The contamination degree ranged between 1.25 and 143.79. The highest value was found at Owode Onirin and the lowest, at Igbonla 7. The geoaccumulation index showed that all the stream sediments ranged between practically uncontaminated to moderately to highly contaminated—with Pb, Sn, Zn, Cd, Cu, Cr, Zr and Ba. The potential ecological risk factor and environmental risk index (IER) showed that all of the samples were within the class of low to medium contamination risk, except samples from the Owode Onirin, which fell within the class of very high risk to extremely high risk respectively.
Environmental baseline evaluation of lead in shallow groundwater based on statistical and spatial outlier identification

A series of methods have been applied for evaluating the environmental baseline—especially on a regional scale—because of its importance for local environmental management. However, most of the methods have been statistical in nature, and spatial variability has not been considered simultaneously. In this study, the combined use of statistical and spatial methods has been carried out to analyse lead concentrations in the shallow groundwater in the urban area of Suzhou, northern Anhui Province, China. The environmental baseline of lead in the shallow groundwater has been evaluated to be 3.836-8.240 μg/1 after removal of either statistical or spatial outliers. The results are similar to those obtained by model-based objective methods, and further demonstrate that the combination method is more reasonable for environmental baseline evaluation.
Determining the fluorescent components in drilling fluid by using NMR method

Fluorescent additives can reduce drilling operation risks, especially during high angle deviated well drilling and when managing stuck pipe problems. However, they can affect oil discovery and there is a need to reduce the level of fluorescents or change the drilling fluids to prevent loss of drilling velocity and efficiency. In this paper, based on the analysis of drilling fluids by NMR with high sensitivity, solid and liquid additives have been analyzed under conditions with different fluorescent levels and temperatures. The results show that all of the solid additives have no NMR signal, and therefore cannot affect oil discovery during drilling. For the liquid additives with different oil products, the characterizations can be quantified and evaluated through a T_2 cumulated spectrum, oil peak (T_(2g)), and oil content of the drilling fluids. NMR can improve the application of florescent additives and help us to enhance oil exploration benefits and improve drilling operations and efficiency.
Distributional characteristics and sources of elements in soil from typical area of Pearl River Delta economic zone, Guangdong Province, China

Dongguan City, located in the Pearl River Delta economic zone of China, is famous for its rapid developing township-enterprises in the past 30 years. A total of 759 composite soil samples, including 606 surface soil samples and 153 deep soil samples, have been collected in the city. These samples have been analyzed for 13 elements (Al, As, Cu, Cd, Co, Cr, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Si, and Zn) and other parameters (pH values and organic matter) to evaluate the influence of anthropic activities on the soil environmental quality and to identify the spatial distribution of heavy metals and their possible sources. The results indicate that the average concentrations of heavy metals in soil were significantly lower than the threshold of the second grade of the Soil Environment Quality Standard in China (GB15618-1995) and the soil environmental quality in this area is comparatively good. But in comparison with local soil geochemical baseline values, As, Cd, Cu. Hg, Pb, and Zn have accumulated remarkably. Specifically, the average concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, and Hg in the small part samples of the west plain and central areas are higher than the national second-grade quality standard, indicating some level of contamination. Multivariate and geostatistical methods have been applied to differentiate the influences of natural processes and human activities on the concentration of heavy metals in surface soils in the study area. Cluster and factor analyses result in the grouping of Al, As, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, and Si into factor F1; Co, Mn, Pb, and Zn into F2; and Cd and Hg into F3. The spatial pattern of the three factors may be well demonstrated by geostatistical analysis. It is shown that the first factor could be considered as a natural source controlled by parent material. The second factor could be referred to as "industrial and traffic pollution sources". The source of the third factor is mainly controlled by long-term anthropic activities, including agricultural activities, fossil fuel consumption, and atmospheric deposition.
双眼结膜小细胞性B细胞淋巴瘤

切除组织行免疫组织化学检查:CD20 (++),CD79a(+),CD3散在细胞(+),CD5散在少量细胞(+), CD7散在细胞(+), CD38(-), CD43(+),Ki-67灶状及散在细胞(+)(精粹图片2)。组织病理学诊断:双眼结膜小细胞性B细胞淋巴瘤。
Altimeter significant wave height data assimilation in the South China Sea using Ensemble Optimal Interpolation

The application of ensemble optimal interpolation in wave data assimilation in the South China Sea is presented. A sampling strategy for a stationary ensemble is first discussed. The stationary ensemble is constructed by sampling from 24-h-interval significant wave height differences of model outputs over a long period, and is validated with altimeter significant wave height data, indicating that the ensemble errors have nearly the same probability distribution function. The background error covariance fields expressed by the ensemble sampled are anisotropic. Updating the static samples by season, the seasonal characteristics of the correlation coefficient distribution are reflected. Hindcast experiments including assimilation and control runs are conducted for the summer of 2010 in the South China Sea. The effect of ensemble optimal interpolation assimilation on wave hindcasts is validated using different satellite altimeter data (Jason-1 and 2 and ENVISAT) and buoy observations. It is found that the ensemble-optimal-interpolation-based wave assimilation scheme for the South China Sea achieves improvements similar to those of the previous optimal-interpolation-based scheme, indicating that the practical application of this computationally cheap ensemble method is feasible.
Satellite derived upper ocean thermal structure and its application to tropical cyclone intensity forecasting in the Indian Ocean

Upper ocean heat content is a factor critical to the intensity change of tropical cyclones (TCs). Because of the inhomogeneity of in situ observations in the North Indian Ocean, gridded temperature/ salinity (T/S) profiles were derived from satellite data for 1993-2012 using a linear regression method. The satellite derived T/S dataset covered the region of 10°S-32°N, 25°-100° E with daily temporal resolution, 0.25° ×0.25° spatial resolution, and 26 vertical layers from the sea surface to a depth of 1 000 m at standard layers. Independent Global Temperature Salinity Profile Project data were used to validate the satellite derived T/S fields. The analysis confirmed that the satellite derived temperature field represented the characteristics and vertical structure of the temperature field well. The results demonstrated that the vertically averaged root mean square error of the temperature was 0.83 in the upper 1 000 m and the corresponding correlation coefficient was 0.87,which accounted for 76% of the observed variance. After verification of the satellite derived T/S dataset, the TC heat potential (TCHP) was verified. The results show that the satellite derived values were coherent with observed TCHP data with a correlation coefficient of 0.86 and statistical significance at the 99% confidence level. The intensity change of TC Gonu during a period of rapid intensification was studied using satellite derived TCHP data. A delayed effect of the TCHP was found in relation to the intensity change of Gonu, suggesting a lag feature in the response of the inner core of the TC to the ocean.
Pion and σ-meson Properties in a Strong Magnetic Field

With the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model we calculate the properties of pion and σ-meson at finite temperature and finite magnetic field. The obtained temperature and magnetic field strength dependence of the constituent quark mass M, the pion and σ-meson masses and the neutral pion decay constant indicates that, in the simple four fermion interaction model, there exists the magnetic catalysis effect. It also shows that the Gell-Mann-Oakes-Renner relation is violated obviously with the increasing of the temperature, and the effect of the magnetic field becomes pronounced only around the critical temperature. The deviation of the critical temperatures obtained with different criteria indicates that the chiral phase transition driven by the temperature in the magnetic field strength region we have considered is in fact a crossover.
Combined tests of prostate specific antigen and testosterone will improve diagnosis and monitoring the progression of prostate cancer

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing has been widely used to screen men for prostate cancer (PCa) and to monitor PCa progression. However, more studies have shown that around 15% of men with low or normal PSA levels have PCa. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship of androgen and PSA levels and to better understand the reason that some PCa patients have low serum PSA values. The in vitro data demonstrated that cultured LNCaP cells ceased to produce PSA after androgen withdrawal and resumed PSA production after androgen was re-added. The in vivo experiment results showed that 48% of PCa xenografts carrying mice have serum PSA level lower than 4 ng ml~(-1). The serum PSA levels increased significantly with rises in testosterone (T) levels 1 week after T pellet implantation. These data indicated that the androgen is a key factor controlling the production of PSA. Low serum PSA levels in mice with PCa xenografts are associated with low serum T levels. Raising serum T levels in tumor caring mice will also significantly increase serum PSA level. This may have clinical implications when screening PSA in men, who have occult PCa.
INVITED COMMENTARY Looking both ways: new research on old theories

In the 22 years since its inception this meeting~1 has become the focus of a still small but growing and devoted group of scientists, meeting purposefully at a leisurely interval of four years, so that only substantial advances are reported. As these meetings approach a quarter of a century of epididymal research, it is time to reflect on the focus of former, and direction of future, epididymal research. Over this time, there has been a marked change from the initial physiological studies that highlighted epididymal function in terms of of sperm responses to external influences, to the prevalent highly technical and complex biochemical and biophysical procedures applied to epididymis, its main regions, its epithelia and individual cells in vivo, in vitro and in silico, in attempts to explain the ability of the organ to influence spermatozoa throughout their posttesticular existence. These are usually linked to histo- and cyto-chemical studies of fixed, or increasingly of live, organs, tissues and cells, made possible by advances in fluorescence microscopical techniques, and real-time computerized analysis of huge datasets.
Interaction between Potassium Phosphate Buffer Solution and Modeling Cell Membrane Investigated by Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy

Potassium phosphate buffer solution has been widely used in the biological experiments, which represents an important process of the interaction between ions and biomolecules, yet the influences of potassium phosphate on biomolecules such as the cell membrane are still poorly understood at the molecular level. In this work, we have applied sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy and carried out a detailed study on the interaction between potassium phosphate buffer solution (PBS) and negative l,2-dimyristoyl-d_(54)-sn-glycero-3-[phospho-rac-(l-glycerol)] (d_(54)-DMPG) lipid bilayer in real time. The PBS-induced dynamic change in the molecular structure of d_(54)-DMPG lipid bilayer was monitored using the spectral features of CD_2, CD_3, lipid head phosphate, and carbonyl groups for the first time. It is found that K~+ can bind to the cell membrane and cause the signal change of CD_2, CD_3, lipid head phosphate, and carbonyl groups quickly. Potassium PBS interacts with lipid bilayers most likely by formation of toroidal pores inside the bilayer matrix. This result can provide a molecular basis for the interpretation of the effect of PBS on the ion-assisted transport of protein across the membrane.
A Robust CRISPR/Cas9 System for Convenient, High-Efficiency Multiplex Genome Editing in Monocot and Dicot Plants

CRISPR/Cas9 genome targeting systems have been applied to a variety of species. However, most CRISPR/Cas9 systems reported for plants can only modify one or a few target sites. Here, we report a robust CRISPR/Cas9 vector system, utilizing a plant codon optimized Cas9 gene, for convenient and highefficiency multiplex genome editing in monocot and dicot plants. We designed PCR-based procedures to rapidly generate multiple sgRNA expression cassettes, which can be assembled into the binary CRISPR/ Cas9 vectors in one round of cloning by Golden Gate ligation or Gibson Assembly. With this system, we edited 46 target sites in rice with an average 85.4% rate of mutation, mostly in biallelic and homozygous status. We reasoned that about 16% of the homozygous mutations in rice were generated through the non-homologous end-joining mechanismfollowed by homologous recombination-based repair.Wealso obtained uniform biallelic, heterozygous, homozygous, and chimeric mutations in Arabidopsis T_1 plants. The targeted mutations in both rice and Arabidopsis were heritable. We provide examples of loss-of-function gene mutations in T_0 rice and T_1 Arabidopsis plants by simultaneous targeting of multiple (up to eight) members of a gene family, multiple genes in a biosynthetic pathway, or multiple sites in a single gene. This system has provided a versatile toolbox for studying functions of multiple genes and gene families in plants for basic research and genetic improvement.
On the feasibility of re-stimulation of shale wells

As a result of advances in horizontal completions and multi-stage hydraulic fracturing, the U.S. has been able to economically develop several decades of worth of natural gas. However, a considerable concern has risen on the economic viability of shale gas development for reasons associated with the fast production declines as well as recent down-turns of natural gas prices besides rises in the costs of new technologies. Therefore, an economic analysis is required to investigate the profitability of the re-fracturing treatment of unconventional gas resources. Net present value of cash flows and internal rate of return are calculated for a range of gas prices considering 20 years of natural gas production from a typical unconventional shale gas reservoir. A systematic comparison is then accomplished for three scenarios: (1) re-fracturing versus no re-fracturing, (2) combination of re-fracturing and drilling new wells, and (3) time-dependent re-fracturing treatment. Further, this paper incorporates the cost of re-fracturing treatment, the cost of drilling a new horizontal well, the water treatment cost, as well as the current and future price of natural gas in the model. The findings of this work would help the future re-stimulation development plans of the emerging unconventional shale gas plays.
Thermal decomposition characteristics and kinetics of methyl linoleate under nitrogen and oxygen atmospheres

The thermal decomposition characteristics of methyl linoleate (ML) under nitrogen and oxygen atmospheres were investigated, using a thermogravimetric analyzer at a heating rate of 10 °C/min from room temperature to 600 °C. Furthermore, the pyrolytic and kinetic characteristics of ML at different heating rates were studied. The results showed that the thermal decomposition characteristics of ML under nitrogen and oxygen atmospheres were macroscopically similar, although ML exhibited relatively lower thermal stability under an oxygen atmosphere than under a nitrogen atmosphere. The initial decomposition temperature, the maximum weight loss temperature, the peak decomposition temperature, and the rate of maximum weight loss of ML under an oxygen atmosphere were much lower than those under a nitrogen atmosphere and increased with increasing heating rates under either oxygen or nitrogen atmosphere. In addition, the kinetic characteristics of thermal decomposition of ML were elucidated based on the experimental results and by the multiple linear regression method. The activation energy, pre-exponential factor, reaction order, and the kinetic equation for thermal decomposition of ML were obtained. The comparison of experimental and calculated data and the analysis of statistical errors of pyrolysis ratios demonstrated that the kinetic model was reliable for pyrolysis of ML with relative errors of about 1 %. Finally, the kinetic compensation effect between the pre-exponential factors and the activation energy in the pyrolysis of ML was also confirmed.
Investigation of structural parameters and self-aggregation of Algerian asphaltenes in organic solvents

Elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), 'H-NMR, fluorescence spectroscopy, and surface tension methods have been used to characterize the molecular structure and the aggregation behaviors of two asphaltenic fractions derived, respectively, from an Algerian petroleum well and a corresponding storage tank deposit. Elemental analysis, FTIR, 'H-NMR, and fluorescence spectroscopy were used to investigate the chemical composition and structural parameters of asphaltenes, while the surface tension method was used to measure the critical micelle concentration (CMC) in organic solvents with different solubility parameters and polarities in order to characterize the asphaltenes' aggregation behaviors. Results show that the unstable asphaltenes fraction extracted from the storage tank deposit possesses a higher polarity (higher heteroatoms content) and a lower aro-maticity than stable asphaltenes from the petroleum well. The CMC results indicate that asphaltenes with high polarity and low aromaticity have a high solubility in polar solvents such as nitrobenzene, whereas asphaltenes with low polarity and high aromaticity are more soluble in solvents with weak polarity, like toluene. It is concluded that the difference of structure of asphaltene samples and polarity of solvents can lead to difference of aggregation behaviors.
Investment in deepwater oil and gas exploration projects: a multi-factor analysis with a real options model

Deepwater oil and gas projects embody high risks from geology and engineering aspects, which exert substantial influence on project valuation. But the uncertainties may be converted to additional value to the projects in the case of flexible management. Given the flexibility of project management, this paper extends the classical real options model to a multi-factor model which contains oil price, geology, and engineering uncertainties. It then gives an application example of the new model to evaluate deepwater oil and gas projects with a numerical analytical method. Compared with other methods and models, this multi-factor real options model contains more project information. It reflects the potential value deriving not only from oil price variation but also from geology and engineering uncertainties, which provides more accurate and reliable valuation information for decision makers.
箭叶淫羊藿不同居群淫羊藿多苷的变异研究及利用启示

目的探讨箭叶淫羊藿16个居群(含光叶变种1居群)的主要活性成分变异及地理分布规律。方法利用高效液相色谱法对药材中最重要并具特征性的活性成分,即朝藿定A、B、C和淫羊藿苷(简称淫羊藿多苷)所构成的峰(简称ABCI组峰)进行指纹图谱特征分析。结果16个居群可划分为4大类6亚类。朝藿定C主导谱最普遍,75%的居群为该类型。AHHS(安徽黄山)居群为空白谱,HBLT(湖北罗田)为唯一淫羊藿苷主导且朝藿定B强于朝藿定C的居群。结论基于ABCI的化学变异研究及类型划分对箭叶淫羊藿的种质资源评价、筛选和利用具有重要指导意义。HNZJ、HNLS、HBHF和HBLT四个居群的ABCI多苷峰形和强度均较理想,可作为箭叶淫羊藿药用种质资源筛选的重点;AHHS居群不宜药用,但适合作为林下地被观赏;HBLT居群是非常特殊和优异的药用兼观赏种质资源。
针刺对胃肠功能的影响与TRPV1的机制研究进展

TRPV1属于瞬时受体电位离子通道家族,是一种非选择性的阳离子通道。大量研究显示TRPV1在消化道广泛分布,可参与胃肠道运动,感觉和吸收等多种重要功能。临床及实验研究证明,针刺对消化系统疾病有良好的调整及治疗作用,可以很好的调控胃肠道的功能,但其作用机制尚不明确。结合近年来研究进展提示针刺对胃肠道的影响机制可能与TRPV1有关。
道地药材的环境影响及保护和发展

道地药材是传统医学发展水平的重要标志,能全面体现出中医药传统文化对药物的全面认识,而我国自然地理状况复杂,水土、日照、气候、生物分布等各有不同,因此道地药材的生长也具有一定的地域性。当今,由于道地药材的地理变异,环境的日益恶化,导致道地药材资源正在急剧减少,道地药材产量和质量也在逐年下降,这些问题都严重阻碍了道地药材的长远发展,道地药材的环境影响及保护和发展成为全球关注的焦点。
充血性心力衰竭中医证候学动态演变规律的研究

充血性心力衰竭(congestive heart failure,CHF)临床颇为常见,该文结合我们前期的研究结果,探讨了CHF的中医证候演变规律。CHF总体上属于中医本虚标实,虚实夹杂之疾,其中气虚血瘀是贯穿于充血性心力衰竭病程中的最基本的病理机制;血瘀、痰浊、水停为常见标实证,而气虚证、阳气虚脱证、气阳两虚证、气阴两虚证、阴阳俱虚、阳气虚脱为常见本虚证;疾病演变过程中各个证型之间相互影响,相兼为病。