mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
The applications of semiconductor materials in air batteries

Air batteries are promising energy storage technologies that have gained continuous attraction due to their high energy densities. At present, investigations on anodes of air batteries are usually focused on various metals such as Li, Zn, Al. In contrast, the semiconductor anodes like Si and Ge are less investigated. Si-air battery possesses a high theoretical energy density and Ge-air battery has a high actual power density and ideal safety. Besides anodes, air cathodes where oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are also the key components in air batteries. To further promote the discharging performance and facilitate energy conversion/storage, semiconductor materials have been introduced in electrochemical cells like Li-O 2 and Zn-air batteries. This review briefly summarizes semiconductor materials utilized in various air batteries, including the progress of Si-air and Ge-air batteries and recent advances in semiconductor cathodes catalysts. Finally, the remaining challenges and further perspective are discussed.
慢性肾脏病中植物性饮食的研究进展

流行病学调查显示,慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)患病率逐年上升,全球患病率约14.3%,国内CKD患病率10.8%。药物及其他包括透析或肾移植是目前最常用的治疗手段,鉴于其极高的医疗成本与负担,营养干预在慢性肾脏病的防治中显得尤其重要。最近的研究发现,植物性饮食可能对CKD患者一级预防及延缓其进展存在有益影响,有助于管理和预防CKD症状和代谢并发症。
基于SWOT的列车运行控制系统产业发展分析

随着我国的城市化进程不断加快,城市轨道交通已经在现代城市公共交通中不可替代。而列车控制系统是确保轨道交通高效行车和安全运营的核心技术装备。目前,我国的城市轨道列车控制系统正处于高速发展阶段,但在高速发展的同时,产业和产业内企业也遇到了高速发展所带来的问题,例如我国高速发展的列车制造技术水平与列车运行控制系统水平不匹配导致运行成本高。当下,基于通信、计算机、控制技术的列车控制系统(Communication Based Train control,CBTC)是未来城市轨道交通列车控制系统的主流研究方向,当前我国CBTC企业缺乏明确的发展策略,对未来的发展没有正确的评估,为了解决上述问题,本文对CBTC产业的未来发展进行了分析。本文的研究内容如下:对基于通信的列车运行控制系统产业进行简单介绍,对CBTC产业现状进行概述,指出当前CBTC系统产业的不足之处,研究CBTC产业的影响因素。运用SWOT分析对CBTC系统产业链,商业模式,资金链进行分析,最终向CBTC系统产业内企业提供发展建议。
American Barrier Option Pricing Formulas for Currency Model in Uncertain Environment

Option pricing problem is one of the central issue in the theory of modern finance. Uncertain currency model has been put forward under the foundation of uncertainty theory as a tool to portray the foreign exchange rate in uncertain finance market. This paper uses uncertain differential equation involved by Liu process to dispose of the foreign exchange rate. Then an American barrier option of currency model in uncertain environment is investigated. Most important of all, the authors deduce the formulas to price four types of American barrier options for this currency model in uncertain environment by rigorous derivation.
Joint Scheduling and Resource Allocation for Federated Learning in SWIPT-Enabled Micro UAV Swarm Networks

Micro-UAV swarms usually generate massive data when performing tasks. These data can be harnessed with various machine learning (ML) algorithms to improve the swarm’s intelligence. To achieve this goal while protecting swarm data privacy, federated learning (FL) has been proposed as a promising enabling technology. During the model training process of FL, the UAV may face an energy scarcity issue due to the limited battery capacity. Fortunately, this issue is potential to be tackled via simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT). However, the integration of SWIPT and FL brings new challenges to the system design that have yet to be addressed, which motivates our work. Specifically, in this paper, we consider a micro-UAV swarm network consisting of one base station (BS) and multiple UAVs, where the BS uses FL to train an ML model over the data collected by the swarm. During training, the BS broadcasts the model and energy simultaneously to the UAVs via SWIPT, and each UAV relies on its harvested and battery-stored energy to train the received model and then upload it to the BS for model aggregation. To improve the learning performance, we formulate a problem of maximizing the percentage of scheduled UAVs by jointly optimizing UAV scheduling and wireless resource allocation. The problem is a challenging mixed integer nonlinear programming problem and is NP-hard in general. By exploiting its special structure property, we develop two algorithms to achieve the optimal and suboptimal solutions, respectively. Numerical results show that the suboptimal algorithm achieves a near-optimal performance under various network setups, and significantly outperforms the existing representative baselines. considered.
云和降水在低频强声波干预下的响应

天空中蓬松的云朵里,蕴藏着惊人的水汽资源.中国大气水年均资源总量达22万亿吨,空中水资源开发潜力巨大,如何利用空中水资源是一个重要问题[1].一个多世纪以来,人类一直在寻求各种技术去控制天气过程,试图改变自然水资源条件.具有现代科学意义的人工影响天气技术诞生于20世纪40年代的美国,科学家们提出了干冰、碘化银等催化剂播云技术.长期以来,包括中国在内,全球有很多国家开展了播云增雨作业,但都因为作业效果难以量化评估和作业成本高昂等原因而饱受争议[2~4].
气候变化和异常天气共同导致印度杰莫利冰-岩崩塌

冰崩(包括冰-岩崩塌)是最具破坏性的山地灾害之一,严重威胁周边地区的安全.尽管相关事件在全球山地区域频繁发生,但由于观测数据缺乏,只有极少数冰崩事件得到了深入的研究.针对2021年2月7日发生在印度杰莫利地区的冰-岩崩塌事件,本研究利用高时空分辨率的卫星影像发现:此次事件是由冰川下附基岩滑坡引起的冰-岩崩塌,其中崩塌源区的面积为2.89×10~5m~2,物质损失为2.46×10~7m~3,对应的平均高度变化为-85m.同时,冰-岩体整体沿斜坡滑动大约起始于2017年夏季,并于此后表现出明显的季节性滑动特征(主要在夏季).在冰-岩体滑动的启动期,区域内出现异常的强降雨;在崩塌触发前40天内,区域内出现显著的冬季升温.对比多个时期的数字高程模型进一步发现,崩塌区域的冰川(或冰-岩体)几何形态可能一直处于变化之中(即冰川下部加速变薄,而上部变化不明显),这与整个地区气候变暖的现状是相吻合的.综合上述发现并结合地貌特征分析,得出如下结论:此次印度杰莫利冰-岩崩塌事件主要是由气候变化和异常天气共同作用于陡峭且易断裂的地形和地质条件造成的.本研究不仅为高海拔地区的冰川或斜坡不稳定性研究提供了新的证据,而且也凸显了在喜马拉雅山和世界其他高山区开展冰崩风险识别和评估的迫切性.
四逆散之辨与变

四逆散出自《伤寒论》。其方组成简约,配伍精当,后世誉为调和肝脾之基础方剂。该文通过阐析四逆散君效药及其类方逍遥散、柴胡疏肝散等配伍之变化。冀以明析"方无至方,方以效论"之说;进而悟得"方之用,变也"之道。
发酵虫草菌粉(Cs-4)对慢性阻塞性肺疾病大鼠及肺组织蛋白质组学的作用

目的探讨发酵虫草菌粉(Cs-4)对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)大鼠肺功能保护作用及初步机制。方法采用香烟烟雾熏染联合气管内滴注脂多糖复制COPD大鼠模型。SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、阳性组(地塞米松混悬液0.09 mg·kg~(-1)),发酵虫草菌粉(Cs-4)低剂量组(0.3 g·kg~(-1))、中剂量组(0.6 g·kg~(-1))、高剂量组(1.2 g·kg~(-1)),除第1天和第14天气管内滴注脂多糖不给药外,实验第2 ~ 13天,第15 ~ 28天每天烟熏前30min灌胃给药。收集大鼠血清、肺泡灌洗液、肺,以试剂盒法检测大鼠血清白细胞介素8(IL-8)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α);肺组织匀浆白细胞介素4(IL-4)、干扰素γ(IFN-γ)含量;血清、肺泡灌洗液丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)含量。以HE染色、AB-PAS染色观察肺组织病理形态学变化。以蛋白质组学技术鉴定筛选差异蛋白。通过Uniprot、String、KEGG、DAVID数据库对差异蛋白进行注释、GO分析、信号通路分析及蛋白质相互作用分析。结果与模型组相比,发酵虫草菌粉(Cs-4)各剂量组均不同程度降低血清IL-8、IL-6、TNF-α、肺组织匀浆IL-4、血清MDA含量;升高肺组织匀浆IFN-γ、血清、肺泡灌洗液SOD、CAT含量。结论发酵虫草菌粉(Cs-4)对COPD有一定保护作用,其机制可能是通过降低体内炎症因子水平、改善机体氧化损伤程度来完成的。
Division of labor:different tasks for PRC1 and PRC2 in preimplantation embryos

Epigenetic regulation on gene expression is key to the decision and maintenance of cell fates during development.One of the oldest and the most explored epigenetic machinery involves the Polycomb group (PcG) proteins,which regulate a plethora of critical biological processes,including chromatin organization,X chromosome inactivation,proliferation and differentiation,and tumorigenesis.The functions of PcG proteins are further diversified by the highly sophisticated multi-subunit complex assembly like LEGOs.Biochemically,PcG proteins assemble into two major complexes with unique chromatin-modifying activities:Polycomb repressive complex (PRC) 1 and PRC2.PRC1 contains a core involving E3 ubiquitin ligases RING1A and RING1B,and catalyzes monoubiquitination on lysine 119 of histone H2A (H2AK119ub1),whereas PRC2 catalyzes mono-,di-,and tri-methylation on lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3K27me1/2/3).Although PRC1 and PRC2 cooperate intimately in mediating transcriptional silencing,emerging evidence suggests independent roles at a subset of PcG targets.Recently,Zhu et al.revealed distinct requirements for H2AK119ub1 and H3K27me3 to repress the expression of canonical PcG targets and DNA methylation-independent non-canonical imprinting genes,respectively,during early embryonic development.
Multi-axial three-dimensional printing of conical bioresorbable vascular scaffold

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide.Implantation of traditional cylindrical stents into the stenotic coronary arteries is widely used in patients with CAD.However,because most coronary arteries taper in diameter by at least 0.5 mm over a length of 20 mm,natural size mismatch is common between a cylindrical stent and a tapered coronary artery.This stent-vessel mismatch may directly cause either increased stress on both stent and vessel or incomplete stent apposition,followed by vessel injury,in-stent restenosis,or stent thrombosis.In particular,multiple-stent overlapping is needed in long tapered vessels,which results in shortened fatigue life or fracture of the metallic stent.Therefore,a patient-specific conical stent is theoretically desirable for a tapered vessel.This hypothesis is supported by our previous study using computational fluid dynamics analysis,which demonstrated the intravascular hemodynamic superiority of an implanted conical stent over a cylindrical one in a tapered vessel.BioMime (Meril Life Sciences,Gujarat,India) is one such currently available long tapered coronary stent,with proximal-to-distal diameters of 3.5-3.0,3.0-2.5,and 2.75-2.25 mm and lengths of 30,40,50,and 60 mm.The initial results of deploying the BioMime stent in long coronary lesions are promising,with a device success rate of approximately 97%.However,concerns remain regarding the long-term safety and efficacy of the permanent metallic stent,as long as 45 mm on average,because of extensive inflammation and impaired vasomotor function in the stented vessel segment.In addition,the long full-metal-jacket artery may preclude coronary artery bypass in the future.
Stabilization of single atom catalysts

Single atom catalysts (SACs), exhibiting outstanding properties for a wide variety of chemical reactions, have become the most active new frontier in heterogeneous catalysis [1]. Benefitting from the uniform coordination environment, every dispersed single atom in SACs can work as active centers to participate in catalytic cycles, presenting the maximum atom utilization efficiency. Furthermore, the unique electronic structure of these active centers can provide rich adsorption sites and unidirectional electron transfer channel, being responsible for SACs with superior catalytic activity, chemoselectivity and stability. However, owing to the extremely high atom surface energies, the single metal atoms easily assemble to form nanoparticles during the preparation of SACs, accordingly altering their chemical performances. Therefore, the strategies for single metal atoms stabilization are vital to the development of heterogeneous catalysis based on SACs.
Entanglement wedge cross-section with Gauss-Bonnet corrections and thermal quench

The entanglement wedge cross section (EWCS) is numerically investigated statically and dynamically in a five-dimension AdSVaidya spacetime with Gauss-Bonnet (GB) corrections, focusing on two identical rectangular strips on the boundary. In the static case, EWCS increases as the GB coupling constant α increases and disentangles at small separation between two strips for smaller α. For the dynamic case, such a monotonic relationship between EWCS and α holds but the two strips no longer disentangle monotonically as in the static case. In the early thermal quenching stage, the disentanglement occurs at smaller α with larger separations. Two strips then disentangle at larger separation with larger α as time evolves. Our results indicate that the higher-order derivative corrections, like the entanglement measure in the dual boundary theory, also have nontrivial effects on the EWCS evolution.
Compliance-based testing method for fatigue crack propagation rates of mixed-mode I-II cracks

Mixed-mode I-II crack-based fatigue crack propagation (FCP_(I-II)) usually occurs in engineering structures; however, no theoretical formula or effective compliance test methods have been established for FCP_(I-II) to date. For mixed-mode I-II flawed components, based on the principle of mean-value energy equivalence, we propose a theoretical method to describe the relationship between material elastic parameters, geometrical dimensions, load (or displacement), and energy. Based on the maximum circumferential stress criterion, we propose a uniform compliance model for compact tensile shear (CTS) specimens with horizontal cracks deflecting and propagating (flat-folding propagation) under different loading angles, geometries, and materials. Along with an innovative design of the fixture of CTS specimens used for FCP_(I-II) tests, we develop a new compliancebased testing method for FCP_(I-II). For the 30Cr_2Ni_4MoV rotor steel, the FCP rates of mode I, mode II, and mixed-mode I-II cracks were obtained via FCP tests using compact tension, Arcan, and CTS specimens, respectively. The obtained da/dN versus ΔJ curves of the FCP rates are close. The loading angle α and dimensionless initial crack length a_0/W demonstrated negligible effects on the FCP rates. Hence, the FCP rates of mode I crack can be used to predict the residual life of structural crack propagation.
Practical decoy-state quantum secure direct communication

Quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) has been demonstrated in both fiber-based and free-space channels using attenuated lasers. Decoy-state QSDC by exploiting four decoy states has been proposed to address the problem of photon-numbersplitting attacks caused by the use of attenuated lasers. In this study, we present an analysis of the practical aspects of decoy-state QSDC. First, we design a two-decoy-state protocol that only requires two decoy states, thereby significantly reducing experimental complexity. Second, we successfully perform full parameter optimization for a real-life QSDC system by introducing a genetic algorithm. Our simulation results show that the two-decoy-state protocol could be the best choice for developing a practical QSDC system. Furthermore, full optimization is crucial for a high-performance QSDC system. Our work serves as a major step toward the further development of practical decoy-state QSDC systems.
Two SbX_5-based isostructural polar 1D hybrid antimony halides with tunable broadband emission,nonlinear optics,and semiconductor properties

Metal halide perovskites based on MX_6 (M is metal and X is halogen) octahedra have been developed into significant materials,extensively used in many fields,such as solid-state lighting,semiconductor,and nonlinear optics.However,the MX_5 square pyramid-based hybrid metal halides beyond zero-dimensional (0D) polyhedrons and clusters are rarely reported.Herein,we reported two new isostructural hybrid antimony halides,namely (2cepyH)SbCl_4 (1-Cl) and (2cepyH)SbBr_4 (2-Br) (2cepy = 1-(2-chloroethyl)pyrrolidine),characterized by 1D polar polyanionic chains formed by corner-sharing SbX_5 tetragonal pyramid units.Upon photoexcitation at 340 nm,1-Cl shows broad,yellow phosphorescence emissions stemming from triplet self-trapped excitons,as proved by its long lifetime (6.85 μs) and the temperature dependences of broadband emission.To our knowledge,this should be the first observation on the broadband emissive properties in the 1D hybrid metal halide constructed by MX_5 tetragonal pyramid units.Moreover,second harmonic generation measurements show that the nonlinear optical properties of 2-Br (~3.2 × KDP) are superior to that of 1-Cl (~1.8 × KDP).Experimental and calculated data indicate that the bandgap of 1-Cl is larger than that of 2-Br and that the polar inorganic moieties determine their band structures.Our work opens up a new way for constructing broadband emission materials with novel polar frameworks.
Recent advances in tissue stem cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells capable of self-renewal and differentiation,giving rise to specialized functional cells.Stem cells are of pivotal importance for organ and tissue development,homeostasis,and injury and disease repair.Tissue-specific stem cells are a rare population residing in specific tissues and present powerful potential for regeneration when required.They are usually named based on the resident tissue,such as hematopoietic stem cells and germline stem cells.This review discusses the recent advances in stem cells of various tissues,including neural stem cells,muscle stem cells,liver progenitors,pancreatic islet stem/progenitor cells,intestinal stem cells,and prostate stem cells,and the future perspectives for tissue stem cell research.
Lower Bounds of Optimal Exponentials of Thickness in Geometry Rigidity Inequality for Shells

The optimal exponentials of thickness in the geometry rigidity inequality of shells represent the geometry rigidity of the shells. The author obtains that the lower bounds of the optimal exponentials are 4/3, 3/2, and 1, for hyperbolic shells, parabolic shells, and elliptic shells, respectively, through the construction of the Ansatze.
Ink formulation, scalable applications and challenging perspectives of screen printing for emerging printed microelectronics

Screen printing is regarded as a highly competitive manufacture technology for scalable and fast fabrication of printed microelectronics, owing to its advanced merits of low-cost, facile operability and scalability. However, its large-scale application in printed microelectronics is still limited by screen printing functional ink. In this review, we summarize the recent advances of ink formation, typical scalable applications, and challenging perspectives of screen printing for emerging printed microelectronics. Firstly, we introduce the major mechanism of screen printing and the formation of different organic- and aqueous-based inks by various solvents and binders. Next, we review the most widely used applications of screen printing technique in micro-batteries, micro-supercapacitors and micro-sensors, demonstrative of wide applicability. Finally, the perspectives and future challenges in the sight of screen printing are briefly discussed.
Lithium sulfide nanocrystals as cathode materials for advanced batteries

The ever-increasing need for sustainable development requires advanced battery techniques beyond the current generation of lithium ion batteries. Among all candidates being explored, lithium-sulfur batteries are a very promising system to be commercialized in the near future. Towards this end, the development of lithium sulfide (Li_2S) nanocrystal-based cathodes has received tremendous effort and witnessed multiple reviews. Differentiated from the focus on performance improvement in previous reviews, this review summarizes the research progress in line with the approaches of materials synthesis and electrode fabrication. The key chemistry, operation procedure, materials characterizations and performance assessments are all given a balanced description. Moreover, all approaches are collectively analyzed along the lines of six criteria towards practical applications, i.e., electrode performance, materials quality, resources sustainability, production cost, operation procedure, and consumed energy. Finally, some perspective viewpoints on the future research directions are offered.
Proactive eavesdropping of wireless powered suspicious interference networks

Radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting is a technology that enables harvesting energy from RF signals,and the wireless powered communication network (WPCN) is a new type of wireless network,where devices are powered by RF energy harvesting.Meanwhile,physical layer security (PLS) is a technique to ensure communication security from the aspect of the physical layer,and how to effectively surveil wireless information transmission is an important research topic in PLS.Different from traditional PLS where eavesdropping is treated as a threat to legitimate communication,wireless information surveillance treats suspicious communication of malicious users as a threat to public safety and eavesdrops the suspicious communication.The existing studies on wireless information surveillance with RF energy harvesting include and they considered only very simple point-to-point suspicious networks with RF energy harvesting.For more complex suspicious networks with multiple suspicious links based on RF energy harvesting,the tradeoff of eavesdropping performances among different suspicious links must be considered.However,such research topics have not been well investigated yet in the existing literature.
《2022 NCCN妊娠滋养细胞肿瘤临床实践指南(第1版)》解读

2021年10月6日,美国国立综合癌症网络(National Comprehensive Cancer Network,NCCN)公布了《2022 NCCN妊娠滋养细胞肿瘤临床实践指南(第1版)》。与2021年3月31日公布的2021年(第2版)指南相比,流程图略有改变。现对新版指南进行简要介绍及讨论。
宣肺败毒方加减治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎重症患者2例

宣肺败毒方是在抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎的临床救治过程中总结出的有效方剂,具有宣肺化湿、清热透邪、泻肺解毒功效。针对天津市2例新型冠状病毒肺炎重症患者,张伯礼院士进行会诊,根据患者的具体情况,考虑病情已发展至湿毒郁肺阶段,开具宣肺败毒方加减的中药处方,明显改善了患者临床症状,阻止了病情进一步发展,促进了患者核酸转阴及痊愈出院。
六味地黄苷糖片多糖部位相对分子质量与组成分析

目的分析六味地黄苷糖片多糖部位相对分子质量和组成。方法以乙醇、乙醚、丙酮对多糖部位进行纯化,采用高效凝胶渗透色谱(HPGPC)法测定相对分子质量。三氟乙酸水解后,通过气相色谱(GC)法分析多糖组成。结果六味地黄苷糖片多糖部位重均相对分子质量在10万~ 20万之间,由鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、木糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖、半乳糖醛酸组成,以葡萄糖为主。结论该方法简单可行,重复性好,可用于六味地黄苷糖片的质量控制。
金线莲的研究进展

金线莲是我国多年生的名贵中药材,为兰科开唇兰属多年生草本植物,药食两用。虽然传统医学和现代药理都证明了金线莲具有很高的药用价值,但它还未被2020年版《中国药典》所收录,各省的地方标准也均未涉及到药用质量评价标准,极大地限制了其产业化的发展速度。因此,为了科学合理地开发利用金线莲,本文通过查阅国内外相关文献,从种植技术现状、化学成分、质量标准、传统功效、现代药理研究、产业化所遇到瓶颈等方面进行全面综述,以期为该资源的食品开发、药物研发、质量标准建立等提供参考。
胃泌素瘤的诊断及治疗

胃泌素瘤是一种神经内分泌肿瘤,异位分泌胃泌素,导致卓-艾综合征。大部分胃泌素瘤为散发病例,20%~25%患者作为多发性内分泌腺瘤综合征1型(MKN1)临床表现之一存在。因为散发胃泌素瘤及MEN1治疗策略不同,所以临床上需要将其加以区分。胃泌素瘤药物治疗主要分为控制高胃泌素血症相关症状和控制肿瘤生长两类。散发病例的手术治愈率为20%~40%,而对于MEN1人群是否进行手术治疗尚存在争议。本文对近年来胃泌素瘤诊断及治疗相关临床进展进行阐释,以期为临床工作提供参考。
Geodynamic evolution of the Tethyan lithosphere as recorded in the Spontang Ophiolite, South Ladakh ophiolites (NW Himalaya, India)

The Spontang Ophiolite complex represents the most complete ophiolite sequence amongst the South Ladakh ophiolites and comprises mantle rocks (depleted harzburgites, dunites and minor lherzolites) as well as crustal rocks (basalt, isotropic gabbros, layered gabbros etc.). In the present study, detailed geochemistry (whole rock as well as mineral chemistry) and Sr-Nd isotopic analyses of thirty-six ultramaficmafic samples have been attempted to constraint the evolution and petrogenetic history of the Tethyan oceanic crust. Major, trace-element and REE patterns of the peridotites and their minerals indicate that the lherzolites experienced lower degrees of partial melting resembling abyssal peridotites (at higher temperatures, TREE = ~1216 ℃) than the harzburgites (6%-8% versus 15%-17%). Elevated eNd(t) and variable ~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr(t) ratios along with REE patterns suggest that the Spontang mafic rocks display N-MORB affinity with negligible participation of oceanic sediments in their genesis are originated from a depleted upper mantle with little contribution from subduction-related fluids. MORB-type Neotethyan oceanic crust is associated with the earliest phase of subduction (of older Jurassic age) through which a younger intra-oceanic island arc (Spong arc) subsequently developed. Harzburgites REE display typical U-shaped patterns, suggesting that these rocks have been metasomatized by LREE-enriched fluids. On the other side, mafic rocks are characterized by heterogeneous (Nb/La)PM and (Hf/Sm)PM and relatively homogeneous eNd(t), indicating interaction of subduction-related melts with the upper mantle during the initiation of subduction, in Early Cretaceous times.
Role of the mTOR-autophagy-ER stress pathway in high fructose-induced metabolic-associated fatty liver disease

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is the most common metabolic disease with a global prevalence of 25%.While MAFLD is serious and incurable at the later stage,it can be controlled or reversed at the early stage of hepatosteatosis originating from unhealthy diets.Recent laboratory evidence implicates a critical role of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-autophagy signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of MAFLD induced by a high-fructose diet mimicking the overconsumption of sugar in humans.This review discusses the possible molecular mechanisms of mTOR-autophagy-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in MAFLD.Based on careful analysis of recent studies,we suggest possible new therapeutic concepts or targets that can be explored for the discovery of new anti-MAFLD drugs.
猪瘟兔化弱毒疫苗C株致弱的分子机制

糖基化(Glycosylation)是指蛋白质或脂质在酶的作用下连接到糖链的一种修饰形式。对许多囊膜病毒而言,其囊膜蛋白的糖基化修饰会影响病毒的免疫原性、感染性和毒力,例如寨卡病毒、登革热病毒、高致病性禽流感病毒、新城疫病毒和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒等。已有研究证实,去除囊膜糖蛋白E~(ms)、 E1或E2中特定的糖基化位点会使猪瘟病毒(CSFV)强毒Brescia株的毒力减弱。这些研究表明,糖基化修饰在病毒的致病性中发挥重要作用。然而,糖基化修饰在病毒致弱和免疫保护中的作用尚不清楚。