mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Physical mechanics investigation into carbon utilization and storage with enhancing shale oil and gas recovery

Over the last decade, the boom in hydrocarbon recovery from shale formations has revolutionized the world energy landscape. This unconventional energy contributes to lower carbon dioxide (CO_2) and other criteria pollutant emissions. However, its extraction technologies, namely horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing (fracking), pose environmental risks. To address this environmental controversy, an option is to use supercritical CO_2 to achieve waterless fracking. This is a feasible, economic, and sustainable method of shale gas exploitation and enables carbon sequestration to contribute to carbon neutrality and/or carbon peaking. However, many challenges remain to overcome, such as the impact of supercritical CO_2 on shale, the mechanism and efficiency of the displacement, as well as the spontaneity and the thermodynamic properties of the displacement process. Against the above background and using the new concept of “mechano-energetics” depicted in Figure 1, the Zhao group abstracted the key scientific issues in the complex shale and investigated the physical-chemical mechanisms of displacing CH_4 by CO_2 in terms of the experiment, simulation, and theory, as depicted in Figure 2.
Deep multimodal learning for municipal solid waste sorting

Automated waste sorting can dramatically increase waste sorting efficiency and reduce its regulation cost. Most of the current methods only use a single modality such as image data or acoustic data for waste classification, which makes it difficult to classify mixed and confusable wastes. In these complex situations, using multiple modalities becomes necessary to achieve a high classification accuracy. Traditionally, the fusion of multiple modalities has been limited by fixed handcrafted features. In this study, the deep-learning approach was applied to the multimodal fusion at the feature level for municipal solid-waste sorting. More specifically, the pre-trained VGG16 and one-dimensional convolutional neural networks (1D CNNs) were utilized to extract features from visual data and acoustic data, respectively. These deeply learned features were then fused in the fully connected layers for classification. The results of comparative experiments proved that the proposed method was superior to the single-modality methods. Additionally, the feature-based fusion strategy performed better than the decision-based strategy with deeply learned features.
Plasma treated carbon paper electrode greatly improves the performance of iron-hydrogen battery for low-cost energy storage

A novel iron-hydrogen battery system,whose Fe~(3+)/Fe~(2+) cathode circumvents slowly dynamic oxygen reduction reaction and anode is fed with clean and cordial hydrogen,is systematically investigated.The maximum discharge power density of the iron-hydrogen battery reaches to 96.0 mW/cm~2 under the room temperature.The capacity reaches to 17.2 Ah/L and the coulombic and energy efficiency are achieved to 99% and 86%,respectively,during the galvanostatic charge-discharge test.Moreover,stable cycling test is observed for more than 240 h and 100 cycles with the iron sulfate in the sulfuric acid solutions.It is found that air plasma treatment onto the cathode carbon paper can generate the oxygen-containing groups and increase the hydrophilic pores proportion to ca.40%,enlarging nearly 6-fold effective diffusion coefficient and improving the mass transfer in the battery performance.The simple iron-hydrogen energy storage battery design offers us a new strategy for the large-scale energy storage and hydrogen involved economy.
Multilayer core-shell nanostructures for enhanced 808 nm responsive upconversion

The construction of core-shell structure is an effective strategy for promoting the emission efficiency of upconversion nanocrystals (UCNCs).In this work,the UCNCs based on Nd-doping with a multilayer coreshell nanostructure are fabricated toward achieving efficient upconversion for 808 nm excitation,which have great potential for optical applications,especially photobiological applications.
Trimetallic FeCoNi disulfide nanosheets for CO_2-emission-free methanol conversion

The electrocatalytic methanol conversion is of importance in direct methanol fuel cell,biomass reforming,and hydrogen generation.To achieve a "carbon-neutral" target,CO_2 byproducts derived from biofuels should be mitigated.In contrast to the complete oxidation of methanol to CO_2,the selective oxidation of methanol to formate is a CO_2-emission-free route without the generation of toxic CO intermediates.Herein,we present a highly active catalyst based on transition-metal disulfide nanosheet arrays supported on Ni foam for methanol conversion.Through composition screening,we find that the FeCoNi disulfide nanosheet exhibits a highly efficient and selective methanol-to-formate conversion.The surface reconstruction of this catalyst allows us to produce 0.66 mmol cm~(-2) h~(-1) of formate at low potential (1.40 V) with high faradaic efficiency of >98%.This work offers a substantial composition tuning strategy to construct noble-metal-free active multi-metal sites for CO_2-emission-free conversion of methanol to value-added formate.
Nanosized zinc oxides-based materials for electrochemical energy storage and conversion:Batteries and supercapacitors

Transition metal oxides (TMO) bring a novel direction for the development of energy store materials due to their excellent stability.They not only have high capacity and good cycle performance,but also are cheap and easily available.Zinc oxide (ZnO) as an important part of TMO have gradually attracted attention in the research of electrochemistry.ZnO,as a metal semiconductor with the advantages of wide band gap,possesses high ion migration rate,good chemical stability,simple preparation and low cost,and is widely used in various fields.However,poor conductivity,low permittivity and quick capacity decays quickly impede the commercial application of these electrodes.In recent years,in order to improve the structural stability,ion diffusion and conductivity of zinc oxides-based anodes,various strategies have been raised,such as structural design,surface modification and composition control.In this paper,the recent advances of zinc oxides-based materials for batteries and hybrid supercapacitors (SCs) were introduced.We comprehensively reviewed the prepared process,reaction mechanism and electrochemical performance and discussed the shortcoming of zinc oxides-based nanomaterials.In particular,several insights toward the future research development,practical applications and commercialization of energy storage devices are also proposed for improving the performance of zinc oxides-based materials.
Rational construction and triethylamine sensing performance of foam shaped α -MoO_3 @SnS_2 nanosheets

Owing to their high surface area,stable structure and easy fabrication,composite nanomaterials with encapsulation structures have attracted considerable research interest as sensing materials to detect volatile organic compounds. Herein,a hydrothermal route is designed to prepare foam shaped α -MoO_3 @SnS_2 nanosheets that exhibit excellent sensing performance for triethylamine (TEA). The developed sensor,based on α -MoO_3 @SnS_2 nanosheets,displays a high response of 114.9 for 100 ppm TEA at a low working temperature of 175 ℃ with sensitivity higher than many other reported sensors. In addition,the device shows a wide concentration detection range (from 500 ppb to 500 ppm),good stability after exposure to air for 80 days,and excellent selectivity. The superior sensing characteristics of the developed sensor are attributed to the high crystallinity of α -MoO_3 /SnS_2,excessive and accessible active sites provided by the good permeability of porous SnS_2 shells,and the excellent conductivity of the encapsulation heterojunction structure. Thus,the foam shaped α -MoO_3 @SnS_2 nanosheets presented herein have promising practical applications in TEA gas sensing devices.
Mufolinin A, an unprece dente d ring A- seco 10-ethyllimonoid from Munronia unifoliolata

Mufolinin A ( 1 ), a ring A- seco rearranged limonoid with an unprecedented ethyl at C-10 and novel 6/6/6/5 fused-ring skeleton, together with three new potential precursors (ring A- seco limonoids, 2 –4 ) were isolated from Munronia unifoliolata. Their structures and absolute configurations were confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (HRESIMS), X-ray crystallography, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations and NMR calculations with DP4 + analyses. The unprecedented ethyl group of 1 was hypothesized to be derived from methyl migration and ring reduction rearrangement of ring A- seco limonoid 4. Compounds 2 and 4 showed significant multidrug resistance (MDR) reversal activities in MCF-7/DOX cells with reversal fold (RF) values of 13.1 and 8.0, respectively.
Mixed transition-metal oxides@carbon core-shell nanostructures derived from heterometallic clusters for enhanced lithium storage

Multicomponent binary metal oxide-involved hybrid structures with unique physicochemical properties have received extensive attention due to their fascinating electrochemical performance. Herein, a flexible strategy, which involves the preparation of dual-functional heterometallic Fe 2 M clusters and their subsequent sintering treatment, is developed to engineer novel 3D hierarchical porous structures assembled with MFe_2O_4 (M = Co, Mn, Ni and Zn) nanoparticles confined within carbon outer shell (denoted as MFe_2O_4 @C HPSs). In this intriguing construction, it can be observed that MFe_2O_4 @C HPSs comprised of carbon coated secondary MFe_2O_4 nanoparticles with an interconnected carbon network. The as-prepared MFe_2O_4 @C HPSs possess combined advantages of high capacity of MFe_2O_4 and high conductivity of carbon. As expected, the MFe_2O_4 @C HPSs offer a high reversible capacity, high cycling stability and superior rate performance. The interconnected conductive carbon shells facilitates fast ion and electron transport and accommodates the mechanical strain. In addition, nanosized MFe_2O_4 particles, which shorten the iontransport path and provide extra electroactive sites, also improve the reaction kinetics. Moreover, these MFe_2O_4 @C HPSs exhibit good structural integrity during repeated charging and discharging. The research perspective and strategy reported here are highly versatile and shed new light on the synthesis of other advanced electrode for various applications.
Three-dimensional Co_2 V_2 O_7 ·nH_2 O superstructures assembled by nanosheets for electrochemical energy storage

Hierarchical superstructures assembled by nanosheets can effectively prevent aggregation of nanosheets and improve performance in energy storage. Therefore, we proposed a facile hydrothermal method to obtain three-dimensional (3D) superstructure assembled by nanosheets. We found that the ratio of Co~(2+) /HMTA affected the morphology of the samples, and the 3D hierarchical structures of are obtained while the ratio of Co~(2 +) /HMTA is 12:25. The hierarchical structures with sufficient interior space preserves the original sheet-like dimensional components and results in sufficient active sites and efficient mass diffusion. Hence, the 3D Co_2 V_2 O_7 ·nH_2 O hierarchical structure exhibits good rate capability and high stability while as electrode materials. Meanwhile, when power density is 745.13 W/kg, the assembled CVO-2//AC shows an energy density of 47.7 Wh/kg. The work displays a facile method for fabrication of 3D superstructure assembled by 2D nanosheets that can be applied in energy storage.
Defect engineering for high-selection-performance of NO reduction to NH_3 over CeO_2 (111) surface: A DFT study

To reduce the greenhouse effect caused by the surgery of nitrogen-oxides concentration in the atmosphere and develop a future energy carrier of renewables, it is very critical to develop more efficient, controllable, and highly sensitive catalytic materials. In our work, we proposed that nitric oxide (NO), as a supplement to N 2 for the synthesis of ammonia, which is equipped with a lower barrier. And the study highlighted the potential of CeO_2 (111) nanosheets with La doping and oxygen vacancy (OV) as a highperformance, controllable material for NO capture at the site of Vo site, and separation the process of hydrogenation. We also reported that the E ads of -1.12 eV with horizontal adsorption and the Bader charge of N increasing of 0.53|e| and O increasing of 0.17|e| at the most active site of reduction-OV predicted. It is worth noting that ∆G of NORR (NO reduction reaction) shows good performance (thermodynamically spontaneous reaction) to synthesize ammonia and water at room temperature in the theoretical calculation.
Mitigating side reaction for high capacity retention in lithium-sulfur batteries

Li–S batteries have shown great potential as secondary energy batteries. However,the side reaction between Li anodes and polysulfides seriously limited their practical application. Herein,the artificial protective film,which is consisted of Li-Nafion and TiO 2,was designed and successfully prepared to achieve a corrosion-resistant Li anode in Li-S battery. In the composite protective film,the Li-Nafion could efficiently prevent the contact between Li anodes and polysulfides,and the incorporation of TiO 2 nanoparticles into the Nafion could significantly increase the ionic conductivity and mechanical strength of the protective film. Li-Li symmetric cells with an optimal artificial protective film exhibited an extended cyclelife of 750 h at a current density of 1 mA/cm~2 in Li_2S_8 electrolyte. Moreover,the Li–S full battery with an optimal protective Li anode exhibited higher capacity retention of 777.4 mAh/g after 100 cycles at 0.1 C as well as better rate performance than the cell with a pure Li anode. This work provides alternative insights to suppress the side reaction for Li–S batteries with high capacity retention.
A ferric citrate derived Fe-N-C electrocatalyst with stepwise pyrolysis for highly efficient oxygen reduction reaction

Unremitting and intensive researches about efficient non-precious metal electrocatalysts are necessary for large-scale commercial applications of fuel cells, while iron and nitrogen co-doped carbon (Fe-N-C) materials has become one of the most promising electrocatalysts to replace Pt-based noble metal catalysts. However, the traditional Fe-doped ZIF with rhomb dodecahedron morphology limits the exposure of active sites and the utilization of atoms, even affecting the performance of the catalyst. Herein, a Fe/N co-doped catalyst with a flower-like morphology was prepared using ferric citrate source along with secondary NH 3 heat treatment. The optimal catalyst (termed as 4Fe citrate -N-C-3) showed distinguished oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity with a half-wave potential of 0.8 and 0.9 V ( vs. RHE) in acid and alkaline media, respectively. In addition, 4Fe citrate -N-C-3 maintained more than 80% of original activity even after 50,000 s which is superior to the benchmark Pt/C. The strategy of controlling morphology and composition is meaningful for the optimization of non-precious metal electrocatalysts for ORR in fuel cells or metal-air batteries.
Non-Fourier heat conduction analysis of a 2-D plate with inner cracks at arbitrary direction angles

This paper investigates the problem of a 2-D plate containing internal cracks at arbitrary angles to the heating surface under thermal shock. The finite difference method is applied to solve the temperature distribution and a difference scheme of the oblique crack is developed. For the first time, a non-Fourier heat transfer analysis method of a 2-D plate with inner cracks at arbitrary direction angles is established. Specifically, for a strip with an inner crack paralleling to the surface, numerical results are compared with the analytical solutions by rotating the boundary, and perfect agreement is obtained. Numerical experiments are further presented to investigate the influence of crack orientation angle and multi-crack distribution on non-Fourier heat conduction.
Comprehensive compensation method for the influence of disturbing gravity field on long-range rocket guidance computing

With the improvement of the accuracy of the inertial system, the influence of the disturbing gravity field on the accuracy of long-range rocket has become increasingly prominent. However, in actual engineering, there are problems of low accuracy and being time-consuming for disturbing gravity field compensation. In view of this, this paper proposes a set of online comprehensive solutions combining disturbing gravity reconstruction and stellar correction. According to the pre-launch binding parameters, the net function assignment method is used in the navigation system to calculate disturbing gravity in the boost phase online. In the guidance system, a closed-loop guidance online compensation method is proposed based on the state-space perturbation method for the disturbing gravity in the coast phase. At the same time, the vertical deflection can also be corrected by stellar guidance. The calculation results are simulated and verified under different circumstances. Simulation results show that the proposed online compensation algorithm has an accuracy improvement compared with the element compensation algorithm on ground. And the stellar guidance algorithm can further correct the impact deviation. The impact deviation after comprehensive compensation does not exceed 50 m, and the compensation percentage is greater than 65%.
A refined design method for precoolers with consideration of multi-parameter variations based on low-dimensional analysis

The precooler is a distinctive component of precooled air-breathing engines but constitutes a challenge to conventional thermal design methods. The latter are based upon assumptions that often reveal to be limited for precooler design. In this paper, a refined design method considering the variations of fluid thermophysical properties, flow area and thermal parameters distortion, was proposed to remediate their limitations. Firstly, the precooler was discretized into a fixed number of sub-microtubes based on a new discretization criterion. Next, in-house one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) segmented models were established for rapid thermal design and precooler rating with non-uniform airflow, respectively. The heat transfer experimental studies of supercritical hydrocarbon fuel were performed to verify the Jackson correlation for precooler design and the in-house models were validated against the reported data from open literature. On this basis, the proposed method was employed for the design analysis of hydrocarbon fuel precoolers for precooled-Turbine Based Combined Cycle (TBCC) engines. The results show that the local performance of precoolers is intrinsically impacted by the aforementioned three variations. In the case study, the local heat transfer performance is drastically affected by coolant flow transition. While the circumferential temperature distortion of airflow is weakened by heat transfer. With consideration of additional parameter variations, this novel method improves design accuracy and shortens the design time.
Unidirectional p-GaN gate HEMT with composite source-drain field plates

GaN-on-Si high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) have attracted attention for power device applications due to their low cost and large-area availability [1]. Recently, bidirectional switches are highly desirable in many industrial bidirectional power conversion applications, such as rolling mills, elevators, and wind power generation. In addition, normally-off unidirectional HEMTs can be valuable devices to implement the high-performance bidirectional switches [2, 3].
A compact polarization-integrated long wavelength infrared focal plane array based on InAs/GaSb superlattice

Real-time polarization imaging plays a vital role in target detection, recognition, and tracking in complex scenes. However, large optical crosstalk and the integration technology are difficult problems in the development of polarization-integrated infrared detectors. We demonstrate a monolithic long wavelength infrared (LWIR) InAs/GaSb superlattice focal plane array (FPA) integrated with the polarizer. To obtain high performance and real-time polarization imaging devices, the parameters of the grating were optimized and the optical crosstalk between adjacent polarization bands was studied. We analyze the light diffraction depending on the distance between the polarizer and photosensitive elements and the coupling between oblique incident light and device. The fabrication process of the antireflective polarizer, the integration technology of the polarizer and the FPA composed of 512×4×3 pixels were explored. Finally, a polarization integrated focal plane array (PI-FPA) was fabricated to detect polarized light with different oscillating directions. The large response extinction ratio of corresponding polarization bands was measured as 50:1, 49:1, and 44:1 of 0◦, 60◦, and 120◦, respectively.
Learning practically feasible policies for online 3D bin packing

We tackle the online 3D bin packing problem(3D-BPP), a challenging yet practically useful variant of the classical bin packing problem. In this problem, the items are delivered to the agent without informing the full sequence information. The agent must directly pack these items into the target bin stably without changing their arrival order, and no further adjustment is permitted. Online 3D-BPP can be naturally formulated as a Markov decision process(MDP). We adopt deep reinforcement learning, in particular, the on-policy actor-critic framework, to solve this MDP with constrained action space. To learn a practically feasible packing policy, we propose three critical designs. First, we propose an online analysis of packing stability based on a novel stacking tree. It attains a high analysis accuracy while reducing the computational complexity from O(N~2)to O(N logN), making it especially suited for reinforcement learning training. Second, we propose a decoupled packing policy learning for different dimensions of placement which enables high-resolution spatial discretization and hence high packing precision. Third, we introduce a reward function that dictates the robot to place items in a far-to-near order and therefore simplifies the collision avoidance in movement planning of the robotic arm. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive discussion on several key implemental issues. The extensive evaluation demonstrates that our learned policy outperforms the state-of-the-art methods significantly and is practically usable for real-world applications.
儿童心因性非痫性发作研究进展

心因性非痫性发作(psychogenic non-epileptic seizures, PNES)是一种常见的转换障碍疾病,表现为与癫痫发作类似的各种躯体化症状,可伴有紧张、焦虑、恐惧等精神症状,但缺乏相应的神经生物起源及神经电生理改变。与既往描述该疾病用的术语“假性发作"、“心因性癫痫”、“癔症性癫痫”等相比,PNES可表明该疾病由心理性因素所致,且强调其非痫性发作的临床特点。既往文献表明,PNES可发生于任何年龄段,一般认为儿童发病率低于成人。目前儿童PNES研究仍较少,且容易误诊,不适当的检查与诊疗措施对儿童健康、社会经济可造成不良影响。因此,现就PNES临床特征、诊断与鉴别诊断、治疗及预后进行综述,为临床诊治提供参考。
临床罕见曲霉菌属的研究进展

全世界每年有超过20万例危及生命的曲霉病感染,其中以烟曲霉感染最为多见。近年来,分子技术的进步发现曲霉病也可以由表型与烟曲霉相似,遗传上截然不同的新菌种引起。临床上,超过20%的曲霉分离株是未被识别的或不常见的菌种,我们称其为罕见曲霉菌种。越来越多侵袭性曲霉病(invasive aspergillosis,IA)的病例报道与它们相关。这些菌种表现出与烟曲霉不同的毒力和药物敏感性,其临床菌株基因组序列和表型图谱的缺乏,导致其研究受到阻碍。本文就临床罕见曲霉菌属的流行病学、鉴定方法、药敏情况等方面进行文献综述。
湿地保护和修复的基础理论及关键技术问题--第289期双清论坛

2021年10月18日至20日,由国家自然科学基金委员会地球科学部、信息科学部和计划与政策局联合主办、中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所协办的以"湿地保护和修复的基础理论及关键技术问题"为议题的第289期"双清论坛"在北京召开。
经导管主动脉瓣置换术(TAVR)流程优化专家共识2022版

经导管主动脉瓣置换术(transcatheter aortic valve replacement,TAVR)又称经导管主动脉瓣植入术(transcatheter aortic valve implantation, TAVI),是指将组装完备的人工主动脉瓣经导管置入到病变的主动脉瓣处,置换原有主动脉瓣,在功能上完成主动脉瓣的替代。近年来,TAVR已经成为老年主动脉瓣狭窄(aortic stenosis, AS )患者的一线治疗方案,为原本失去外科手术机会的老年患者提供了一种新的选择。据统计,我国75岁以上人群AS的发病率约为4%,约190万,其中具有指征需要进行TAVR治疗的患者量达50万,然而仅1.2%得到治疗。截至2020年我国TAVR手术量累计超过6 000例,其中85%以上选择经股动脉路径该手术路径操作简单易行,但离心脏位置较远、手术耗时相对较长、过程中可能发生血管穿刺置人大管径动脉鞘管时支架移位、脱落等意外事件。伴随TAVR技术的快速发展,相关的医护工作也愈加体现出独有的专科特色,提高TAVR的疗效是所有医务工作者面临的重要课题。目前的TAVR共识与指南,其证据仅局限于医疗技术、医学影像、康复等领域,尚缺乏TAVR流程优化相关的证据指导临床实践。为了促进TAVR在我国规范、快速发展,现特邀多家中心的相关学科专家组,共同编写《经导管主动脉瓣置换术(TAVR)流程优化专家共识2022版》。