mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Influences of Bias Voltage and Target Current on Structure, Microhardness and Friction Coefficient of Multilayered TiAlN/CrN Coatings Synthesized by Cathodic Arc Plasma Deposition

Multilayered TiAlN/CrN coatings have been synthesized on stainless steel substrates by cathodic arc plasma deposition using TiAl and Cr targets. Influences of the bias voltage, cathode current ratio I_(TiAl)/I_(Cr), and deposition pressure on the hardness and friction coefficient of the coatings were investigated. The measurement revealed existence of two cubic phases, face-centercubic (Cr, Al)N and (Ti, Al)N, in the coatings deposited under various bias voltages except for the coating deposited at -400 V, which is amorphous. The hardness of the coatings was strongly dependent on the I_(TiAl)/I_(Cr) ratio and deposition pressure, and reached a maximum of 33 GPa at an I_(TiAl)/I_(Cr) ratio of 1.0 and a pressure of 1.0 Pa. The incorporation of the element chromium can reduce the density of pinholes in the coatings and assist the optimization of deposition conditions for high quality TiAlN/CrN coatings.
儿童复苏后综合征--复苏后综合征的预后判断及相关因素

复苏后综合征(post-resuscitation syndrome,PRS),也称心脏停搏后综合征(post-cardiac arrest syndrome,PCAS),是指心脏骤停患者进行心肺复苏(cardiopulmonary resuscitation,CPR)后自主循环恢复(restoration of spontaneous circulation,ROSC)后,机体因较长时间的完全性缺血缺氧,导致心、脑、肾等脏器功能不全或衰竭,或多脏器功能衰竭(MODS).虽然目前心肺复苏技术已经相当成熟,对PRS病理生理也有了一定认识,但PRS的病死率与致残率仍高.如何对患者的预后进行合理判断,分析存在哪些影响预后的相关因素,成为了目前研究PRS的重要问题.
Electrical remodeling in human atrial fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation is the most common clinically important cardiac arrhythmia accounting for 20% to 25% of strokes and is a common cause of congestive heart failure. With the aging population and changing demographics, atrial fibrillation has become an epidemic affecting 2.66 million people in the United States. The prevalence of atrial fibrillation is estimated to increase by 5 fold to 12 million by 2050. The diagnosis and treatment of atrial fibrillation represent a significant health care burden of $15.7 billion per year. Treatment of atrial fibrillation using antiarrhythmic drugs has been disappointing, while radiofrequency ablation approaches have limitations, including unclear long-term efficacy. Innovation in treatment is needed and pursuit of novel modalities of therapy requires fundamental knowledge in the molecular mechanisms that lead to atrial fibrillation, including electrical remodeling in atrial fibrillation.
SURFACE MODIFICATION OF PVDF POROUS MEMBRANES

A novel method for the surface modification of PVDF porous membranes was introduced. Styrene-(N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) maleimide) alternating copolymer SHMI-Br was blended with PVDF to fabricate SHMI-Br/PVDF membranes. The C-Br bond on the SHMI-Br/PVDF membrane was served as initial site of ATRP, and P(PEGMA) brush was grafted on the PVDF membrane. Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR/FTIR) was used to prove the P(PEGMA) brushes were successfully grafted onto the SHMI-Br/PVDF membrane surface. Introduction of P(PEGMA) brushes on the PVDF membrane surface enhanced the hydrophilicity effectively. When the PEGMA degree of grafting was 16.7 wt%, the initial contact angle of PVDF membrane decreased from 98° to 42°. The anti-fouling ability of PVDF membrane was improved significantly after P(PEGMA) brush was grafted. Taking the PEGMA degree of grafting 16.7 wt% as an example, the flux of protein solution was about 151.21 L/(m~2 h) when the pH value of the BSA solution was 4.9. As the pH value was increased to 7.4, the flux was changed to 180.06 L/(m~2 h). However, the protein solution flux of membrane M3 (PEGMA: 0 wt%) was only 73.84 L/(m~2 h) and 113.52 L/(m~2 h) at pH 4.9 and 7.4, respectively.
粳稻超高产新品种松粳15的选育及栽培技术

松粳15是黑龙江省农业科学院五常水稻研究所1999年以松97-98为母本,东农V4为父本,杂交后代采用系谱法选育而成. 2007年参加所内产量鉴定,决选后暂定名松06-308, 2008-2009年参加黑龙江省第一积温带晚熟组区域试验,2010年进入生产试验,同年通过黑龙江省农作物品种审定委员会审定,定名为松粳15. 2012年9月24日通过农业部专家组的现场鉴评和验收,2013年2月15日被农业部确认为超级稻品种.
Bioleaching of copper from pre and post thermally activated low grade chalcopyrite contained ball mill spillage

Bioleaching of a low grade chalcopyrite (ball mill spillage material) was tested for copper recovery in shake flasks. The original samples (as received) were thermally activated (600°C, 30 min) to notice the change in physico-chemical and mineralogical characteristics of the host rock and subsequently its effect on copper recovery. A mixed culture of acidophilic chemolithotrophic bacterial consortium predominantly entailing Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans strain was used for bioleaching studies and optimization of process parameters of both original and thermally activated samples. Mineralogical characterization studies indicated the presence of chalcopyrite, pyrite in the silicate matrix of the granitic rock. Field emission scanning electron microscopy coupled with Energy dispersive spectroscopy (FESEM-EDS) and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis indicated mostly SiO2. With pH 2, pulp density 10% w/v, inoculum 10% v/v, temperature 30°C, 150 r?min~(-1), 49% copper could be recovered in 30 days from the finest particle size (-1 + 0.75 mm) of the original spillage sample. Under similar conditions 95% copper could be recovered from the thermally activated sample with the same size fraction in 10 days. The study revealed that thermal activation leads to volume expansion in the rock with the development of cracks, micro and macro pores on its surface, thereby enabling bacterial solution to penetrate more easily into the body, facilitating enhanced copper dissolution.
Modeling effects of a tidal barrage on water quality indicator distribution in the Severn Estuary

In this study, emphasis has focused on assessing the potential hydro-environmental impacts of a barrage across the Severn Estuary, with a numerical model being developed and applied to the estuary to assess the impacts of proposed Severn Barrage on the hydrodynamic, sediment transport and faecal indicator organism distribution within the estuary. The results show that the Severn Barrage has the potential to reduce the tidal currents in a highly dynamic estuary. This leads to the reduction of suspended sediment concentrations, which in turn affects the bacterial transport processes which is highly related to the sediment transport processes.
Simulation of soil carbon changes due to land use change in urban areas in China

Land use change can have a strong impact on soil carbon dynamics and carbon stocks in urban areas. Due to rapid urbanization, large areas of land have been paved, and other areas have undergone rapid land use change. Evaluation of the impact of urbanization on carbon dynamics and carbon stock (30 cm) has become an issue of urgent concern. The soil carbon dynamics, due to rapid land use change in Tianjin Binhai New Area of China, have been simulated in this paper using the RothC model. Because this area is saline, a modified version of RothC that includes a salt rate modifier provided more accurate simulations than the original model. The conversion to urban green land was not accurately simulated by either of the models because of the undefined changes in soil and plant conditions. According to the model, changes of arable to grassland resulted in a decline in soil carbon stocks, and changes of grassland to forest and grassland to arable resulted in increased soil carbon stocks in this area. Across the whole area simulated, the total carbon stocks in 2010 had decreased due to land use change by 6.5% from the 1979 value. By 2050, a further decrease of 21.9% is expected according to the 2050 plan for land use and the continuing losses from the soils due to previous land use changes.
Synergistic degradation of pyrene and volatilization of arsenic by cocultures of bacteria and a fungus

The combination of two bacteria (Bacillus sp. PY1 and Sphingomonas sp. PY2) and a fungus (Fusarium sp. PY3), isolated from contaminated soils near a coking plant, were investigated with respect to their capability to degrade pyrene and volatilize arsenic. The results showed that all strains could use pyrene and arsenic as carbon and energy sources in a basal salts medium (BSM), with the combined potential to degrade pyrene and volatilize arsenic. Bacillus sp. PY1, Sphingomonas sp. PY2 and Fusarium sp. PY3 were isolated from the consortium and were shown to degrade pyrene and volatilize arsenic independently and in combination. Fungal-bacterial coculture has shown that the most effective removal of pyrene was 96.0% and volatilized arsenic was 84.1% after incubation in liquid medium after 9 days culture, while bioremediation ability was 87.2% in contaminated soil with 100 mg?kg~(-1) pyrene. The highest level of arsenic volatilization amounted to 13.9% of the initial As concentration in contaminated soil after 63 days. Therefore, a synergistic degradation system is the most effective approach to degrade pyrene and remove arsenic in contaminated soil. These findings highlight the role of these strains in the bioremediation of environments contaminated with pyrene and arsenic.
Gridded usage inventories of chlordane in China

Chlordane (1,2,4,5,6,7,8,8-octachloro-3a,4,7, 7a-tetra-hydro-4,7-methanoindane) is one of organochlor- ine pesticides (OCPs) which has been listed as one of the persistent organic pollutants (POPs) to be reduced and finally eliminated in the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, because of its great persistence, toxicity, bio-accumulation and long-range transport potential. It is critical to create a national chlordane usage inventories for China to compile chlordane emission inventories, which is helpful for carrying out risk assessments and other researches related to chlordane in China. The annual data of chlordane usage was calculated and modified in accordance with the reported annual production of chlordane which was caculated on the basis of the termite distribution, the data of chlordane usage rate and the annual new construction area (NCA). With the help of Geographic Information System, the usage data of this NCA were allocated to a grid system then, with a 1/4° longitude by 1/6°latitude resolution and a size for each grid cell of approximately 25 km by 25 km. Between 1988 and 2008, the total usage of chlordane in China was 2745 t, accounting for approximately 80% of the production in the same period. Zhejiang Province was the largest consumer of chlordane in China, whose usage adds up to 980 t, greatly exceeding other provinces/regions, followed by Jiangsu Province (534 t) and Sichuan Province (428 t). The region with the least usage of chlordane was Beijing. Provinces of Guizhou, Henan and Hebei did not use any chlordane, even though termites had occurred in these provinces. Gridded usage inventories showed that the intensive use of chlordane was concentrated in the southeast part of China, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta in particular. The satisfaction of the inventories was supported by the consistence between the estimated data of annual usage and the reported annual production of chlordane, and by the consistence between distribution pattern of chlordane's usage and ambient air concentration.
Design guidelines for urea hydrolysers for ammonia demand of the SCR DENOX project in coal-fired power plants

Ammonia is highly volatile and will present substantial environmental and operation hazards when leaking into the air. However, ammonia is the most common reactant in the DENOX project to eliminate NO_x in the flue gas. The storage and transportation of liquid ammonia has always been a dilemma of the power plant. Urea is a perfect substitute source for ammonia in the plant. Urea hydrolysis technology can easily convert urea into ammonia with low expense. Presently, there is still no selfdepended mature urea hydrolysis technology for the DENOX project in China; therefore, this paper proposes several guidelines to design the urea hydrolyser by theoretical analysis. Based on theoretical analysis, a simulation model is built to simulate the chemical reaction in the urea hydrolyser and is validated by the operational data of the commercial hydrolyser revealed in the literature. This paper endeavors to propose suggestions and guidelines to develop domestically urea hydrolysers in China.
A new procedure combining GC-MS with accelerated solvent extraction for the analysis of phthalic acid esters in contaminated soils

An optimized procedure based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) combined with accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) is developed for the analysis of six phthalic acid esters (PAEs), which are priority soil pollutants nominated by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Quantification of PAEs in soil employs ultrasonic extraction (UE) (USEPA 3550) and ASE (USEPA 3545), followed by clean up procedures involving three different chromatography columns and two combined elution methods. GC-MS conditions under selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode are described and quality assurance and quality control (QA/ QC) criteria with high accuracy and sensitivity for target analytes were achieved. Method reliability is assured with the use of an isotopically labeled PAE, di-n-butyl phthalate-d4 (DnBP-D4), as a surrogate, and benzyl benzoate (BB) as an internal standard, and with the analysis of certified reference materials (CRM). QA/QC for the developed procedure was tested in four PAE-spiked soils and one PAE-contaminated soil. The four spiked soils were originated from typical Chinese agricultural fields and the contaminated soil was obtained from an electronic waste dismantling area. Instrument detection limits (IDLs) for the six PAEs ranged 0.10-0.31 μg·L~(-1) and method detection limits (MDLs) of the four spiked soils varied from a range of 20-70 μg· kg ~(-1) to a range of 90-290 μg· kg~(-1). Lineal-iVy of response between 20 μg· L~(-1) and 2mg.L~(-1) was also established and the correlation coefficients (R) were a11〉0.998. Spiked soil matrix showed relative recovery rates between 75 and 120% for the six target compounds and about 93% for the surrogate substance. The developed procedure is anticipated to be highly applicable for field surveys of soil PAE pollution in China.
Performance prediction of switched reluctance generator with time average and small signal models

This paper presents the complete mathematical model and predicts the performance of switched reluctance generator with time average and small signal models. The complete mathematical model is developed in three stages. First, a switching model is developed based on quasi-linear inductance profile. Next, based on the switching behaviour, a time average model is obtained to measure the difference between the excitation and generation time in each switching cycle. Finally, to track control voltage and current wave shapes, a small signal model is designed. The effectiveness of the complete multilevel model combining electrical machine, power converter, load and control with programming language is demonstrated through simulations. A PI controller is used for controlling the voltage of the generator. The results presented show that the controller exhibits accurate tracking control of load voltage under different operating conditions. This demonstrates that the proposed model is able to perform an accurate control of the generated output voltage even in transient situations. The simulation is performed to choose the control parameters and study the performance of switched reluctance generator prior to its actual implementation. Initial experimental results are presented using NI-Data acquisition card to control the output power according to load requirements.
Unconformity structures controlling stratigraphic reservoirs in the north-west margin of Junggar basin, North-west China

Tectonic movements formed several unconformities in the north-west margin of the Junggar basin. Based on data of outcrop, core, and samples, the unconformity is a structural body whose formation associates with weathering, leaching, and onlap. At the same time, the structural body may be divided into three layers, including upper layer, mid layer, and lower layer. The upper layer with good primary porosity serves as the hydrocarbon migration system, and also accumulates the hydrocarbon. The mid layer with compactness and ductility can play a role as cap rock, the strength of which increases with depth. The lower layer with good secondary porosity due to weathering and leaching can form the stratigraphic truncation traps. A typical stratigraphic reservoir lying in the unconformity between the Jurassic and Triassic in the north-west margin of the Junggar basin was meticulously analyzed in order to reveal the key controlling factors. The results showed that the hydrocarbon distribution in the stratigraphic onlap reservoirs was controlled by the onlap line, the hydrocarbon distribution in the stratigraphic truncation reservoirs was confined by the truncation line, and the mid layer acted as the key sealing rock. So a conclusion was drawn that "two lines (onlap line and truncation line) and a body (unconformity structural body)" control the formation and distribution of stratigraphic reservoirs.
Changes of net primary productivity in China during recent 11 years detected using an ecological model driven by MODIS data

Net primary productivity (NPP) is an important component of the terrestrial carbon cycle. Accurately mapping the spatial-temporal variations of NPP in China is crucial for global carbon cycling study. In this study the process-based Boreal Ecosystem Productivity Simulator (BEPS) was employed to study the changes of NPP in China’s ecosystems for the period from 2000 to 2010. The BEPS model was first validated using gross primary productivity (GPP) measured at typical flux sites and forest NPP measured at different regions. Then it was driven with leaf area index (LAI) inversed from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) reflectance and land cover products and meteorological data interpolated from observations at 753 national basic meteorological stations to simulate NPP at daily time steps and a spatial resolution of 500 m from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2010. Validations show that BEPS is able to capture the seasonal variations of tower-based GPP and the spatial variability of forest NPP in different regions of China. Estimated national total of annual NPP varied from 2.63 to 2.84Pg C$yr~(-1), averaging 2.74 Pg C$yr~(-1) during the study period. Simulated terrestrial NPP shows spatial patterns decreasing from the east to the west and from the south to the north, in association with land cover types and climate. South-west China makes the largest contribution to the national total of NPP while NPP in the North-west account for only 3.97% of the national total. During the recent 11 years, the temporal changes of NPP were heterogamous. NPP increased in 63.8% of China’s landmass, mainly in areas north of the Yangtze River and decreased in most areas of southern China, owing to the low temperature freezing in early 2008 and the severe drought in late 2009.
X-ray and optical plateaus following the main bursts in GRBs and SNe Ⅱ-P: a hint about similar late injection behaviors?

We analyze the emission plateaus in the X-ray afterglow light curves of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and those in the optical light curves of type Ⅱ plateau supernovae (SNe Ⅱ-P) in order to study whether they have similar late energy injection behaviors. We show that correlations of bolometric energies (or luminosities) between the prompt explosions and the plateaus for the two phenomena are similar. The energy emitted by SNe Ⅱ-P are at the lower end of the range of possible energies for GRBs. The bolometric energies (or luminosities) in the prompt phase E_(expl) (or L_(expl) ) and in the plateau phase E_(plateau) (or L_(plateau) ) share relations of E_(expl) ∝ E_(plateau)~(0.73 ±0.14) and Lexpl ∝ L_(plateau)~(~0.70). These results may indicate a similar late energy injection behavior that produces the observed plateaus in these two phenomena
The effects of InGaN layer thickness on the performance of InGaN/GaN p-i-n solar cells

InGaN/GaN p-i-n solar cells,each with an undoped In_(0.12)Ga_(0.88)N absorption layer,are grown on c-plane sapphire substrates by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition.The effects of the thickness and dislocation density of the absorption layer on the collection efficiency of InGaN-based solar cells are analyzed,and the experimental results demonstrate that the thickness of the InGaN layer and the dislocation density significantly affect the performance.An optimized InGaNbased solar cell with a peak external quantum efficiency of 57% at a wavelength of 371 nm is reported.The full width at half maximum of the rocking curve of the(0002) InGaN layer is 180 arcsec
The voltage-current relationship and equivalent circuit implementation of parallel flux-controlled memristive circuits

A flux-controlled memristor characterized by smooth cubic nonlinearity is taken as an example,upon which the voltage-current relationships(VCRs) between two parallel memristive circuits-a parallel memristor and capacitor circuit(the parallel MC circuit),and a parallel memristor and inductor circuit(the parallel ML circuit)-are investigated.The results indicate that the VCR between these two parallel memristive circuits is closely related to the circuit parameters,and the frequency and amplitude of the sinusoidal voltage stimulus.An equivalent circuit model of the memristor is built,upon which the circuit simulations and experimental measurements of both the parallel MC circuit and the parallel ML circuit are performed,and the results verify the theoretical analysis results
Micromagnetic simulation with three models of FeCo/L1_0 FePt exchange-coupled particles for bit-patterned media

Compositing soft and hard materials is a promising method to decrease the coercivity of L1_0 FePt, which is considered to be a suitable material for bit-patterned media. This paper reports the simulation of three models of FeCo/L1_0 FePt exchange-coupled composite particles for bit patterned media by the OOMMF micromagnetic simulation software: the enclosed model, the side-enclosed model, and the top-covered model. All of them have the same volumes of the soft and hard parts but different shapes. Simulation results show that the switching fields for the three models can be reduced to about 10 kOe (1Oe = 79.5775 A/m) and the factor gain can be improved to 1.4 when the interface exchange coefficient has a proper value. Compared to the other models, the enclosed model has a wider range of interface exchange coefficient values, in which a low switching field and high gain can be obtained. The dependence of the switching fields on the angle of the applied field shows that none of the three models are easily affected by the stray field of a magnetic head
DISC1 genetics, biology and psychiatric illness

Psychiatric disorders are highly heritable, and in many individuals likely arise from the combined effects of genes and the environment. A substantial body of evidence points toward DISC1 being one of the genes that influence risk of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression, and functional studies of DISC1 consequently have the potential to reveal much about the pathways that lead to major mental illness. Here, we review the evidence that DISC1 influences disease risk through effects upon multiple critical pathways in the developing and adult brain
Equivalent oxide thickness scaling of Al_2O_3/Ge metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors with ozone post oxidation

Aluminum-oxide films deposited as gate dielectrics on germanium(Ge) by atomic layer deposition were post oxidized in an ozone atmosphere.No additional interfacial layer was detected by the high-resolution cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements made after the ozone post oxidation(OPO) treatment.Decreases in the equivalent oxide thickness of the OPO-treated Al_2O_3/GeMOS capacitors were confirmed.Furthermore,a continuous decrease in the gate leakage current was achieved with increasing OPO treatment time.The results can be attributed to the film quality having been improved by the OPO treatment