mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Modifications in aerosol physical,optical and radiative properties during heavy aerosol events over Dushanbe,Central Asia

The location of Central Asia,almost at the center of the global dust belt region,makes it susceptible for dust events.The studies on atmospheric impact of dust over the region are very limited despite the large area occupied by the region and its proximity to the mountain regions(Tianshan,Hindu Kush-Karakoram-Himalayas,and Tibetan Plateau).In this study,we analyse and explain the modification in aerosols' physical,optical and radiative properties during various levels of aerosol loading observed over Central Asia utilizing the data collected during 2010-2018 at the AERONET station in Dushanbe,Tajikistan.Aerosol episodes were classified as strong anthropogenic,strong dust and extreme dust.The mean aerosol optical depth(AOD)during these three types of events was observed a factor of ~3,3.5 and 6.6,respectively,higher than the mean AOD for the period 2010-2018.The corresponding mean fine-mode fraction was 0.94,0.20 and 0.16,respectively,clearly indicating the dominance of fine-mode anthropogenic aerosol during the first type of events,whereas coarse-mode dust aerosol dominated during the other two types of events.This was corroborated by the relationships among various aerosol parameters(AOD vs.AE,and EAE vs.AAE,SSA and RRI).The mean aerosol radiative forcing(ARF)at the top of the atmosphere(ARFTOA),the bottom of the atmosphere(ARFBOA),and in the atmosphere(ARFATM)were -35 ± 7,-73 ± 16,and 38 ± 17 Wm~(-2) during strong anthropogenic events,-48 ± 12,-85 ± 24,and 37 ± 15 Wm~(-2) during strong dust event,and -68 ± 19,-117 ± 38,and 49 ± 21 Wm~(-2) during extreme dust events.Increase in aerosol loading enhanced the aerosol-induced atmospheric heating rate to 0.5-1.6 K day~(-1)(strong anthropogenic events),0.4-1.9 K day~(-1)(strong dust events)and 0.8-2.7 K day~(-1)(extreme dust events).The source regions of air masses to Dushanbe during the onset of such events are also identified.Our study contributes to the understanding of dust and anthropogenic aerosols,in particular the extreme events and their disproportionally high radiative impacts over Central Asia.
Recent advances in research on vine tea,a potential and functional herbal tea with dihydromyricetin and myricetin as major bioactive compounds

Vine tea has been used as an herbal tea by several ethnic minorities for hundreds of years in China.Flavonoids,a kind of indispensable component in a variety of nutraceutical,pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications,are identified to be the major metabolites and bioactive ingredients in vine tea.Interestingly,vine tea exhibits a wide range of significant bioactivities including anti-oxidant,anti-inflammatory,anti-tumor,antidiabetic,neuroprotective and other activities,but no toxicity.These bioactivities,to some extent,enrich the understanding about the role of vine tea in disease prevention and therapy.The health benefits of vine tea,particularly dihydromyricetin and myricetin,are widely investigated.However,there is currently no comprehensive review available on vine tea.Therefore,this report summarizes the most recent studies investigating bioactive constituents,pharmacological effects and possible mechanisms of vine tea,which will provide a better understanding about the health benefits and preclinical assessment of novel application of vine tea.
Crushing and embedment of proppant packs under cyclic loading: An insight to enhanced unconventional oil/gas recovery

Crushing and embedment are two critical downhole proppant degradation mechanisms that lead to a significant drop in production outputs in unconventional oil/gas stimulation projects.These persistent production drops due to the non-linear responses of proppants under reservoir conditions put the future utilization of such advanced stimulation techniques in unconventional energy extraction in doubt.The aim of this study is to address these issues by conducting a comprehensive experimental approach.According to the results,whatever the type of proppant,all proppant packs tend to undergo significant plastic deformation under the first loading cycle.Moreover,the utilization of ceramic proppants(which retain proppant pack porosity up to 75%),larger proppant sizes(which retain proppant pack porosity up to 15.2%)and higher proppant concentrations(which retain proppant pack porosity up to 29.5%)in the fracturing stimulations with higher in-situ stresses are recommended to de-escalate the critical consequences of crushing associated issues.Similarly,the selection of resin-coated proppants over ceramic and sand proppants may benefit in terms of obtaining reduced proppant embedment.In addition,selection of smaller proppant sizes and higher proppant concentrations are suggested for stimulation projects at depth with sedimentary formations and lower in-situ stresses where proppant embedment predominates.Furthermore,correlation between proppant embedment with repetitive loading cycles was studied.Importantly,microstructural analysis of the proppant-embedded siltstone rock samples revealed that the initiation of secondary induced fractures.Finally,the findings of this study can greatly contribute to accurately select optimum proppant properties(proppant type,size and concentration)depending on the oil/gas reservoir characteristics to minimize proppant crushing and embedment effects.
Effect of concentration of cadmium sulfate solution on structural,optical and electric properties of Cd_(1-x)Zn_x S thin films

Cd_(1-x)Zn_x S thin films were deposited by chemical bath deposition(CBD)on the glass substrate to study the influence of cadmium sulfate concentration on the structural characteristics of the thin film.The SEM results show that the thin film surfaces under the cadmium sulfate concentration of 0.005 M exhibit better compactness and uniformity.The distribution diagrams of thin film elements illustrate the film growth rate changes on the trend of the increase,decrease,and increase with the increase of cadmium sulfate concentration.XRD studies exhibit the crystal structure of the film is the hexagonal phase,and there are obvious diffraction peaks and better crystallinity when the concentration is 0.005 M.Spectrophotometer test results demonstrate that the relationship between zinc content x and optical band gap value E_g can be expressed by the equation E_g(x)= 0.59x~2 + 0.69x + 2.43.Increasing the zinc content can increase the optical band gap,and the absorbance of the thin film can be improved by decreasing the cadmium sulfate concentration,however,all of them have good transmittance.At a concentration of 0.005 M,the thin film has good absorbance in the 300-800 nm range,80% transmittance,and band gap value of 3.24 eV,which is suitable for use as a buffer layer for solar cells.
Tailoring molecular termination for thermally stable perovskite solar cells

Interfacial engineering has made an outstanding contribution to the development of high-efficiency perovskite solar cells(PSCs).Here,we introduce an effective interface passivation strategy via methoxysilane molecules with different terminal groups.The power conversion efficiency(PCE)has increased from 20.97% to 21.97% after introducing a 3-isocyanatopropyltrimethoxy silane(IPTMS)molecule with carbonyl group,while a trimethoxy[3-(phenylamino)propyl]silane(PAPMS)molecule containing aniline group deteriorates the photovoltaic performance as a consequence of decreased open circuit voltage.The improved performance after IPTMS treatment is ascribed to the suppression of non-radiative recombination and enhancement of carrier transportation.In addition,the devices with carbonyl group modification exhibit outstanding thermal stability,which maintain 90% of its initial PCE after 1500 h exposure.This work provides a guideline for the design of passivation molecules aiming to deliver the efficiency and thermal stability simultaneously.
Four New Eclipsing Binary Systems in the TESS field:CD-34 13220,HD 295082,TYC 6484-426-1 and TYC 6527-2310-1

We present the first evidence for the binarity of four targets in the TESS field.The temperatures are estimated by SED analysis and the orbital periods are determined.The TESS light curves of the systems are analyzed and the orbital and the absolute parameters are derived.The targets are also compared to wellstudied binary systems with the same morphological type and their evolutionary states are discussed.Our results indicate that the stars belong to the class of eclipsing detached binary systems.
Energy and spectral analysis of confined solar flares from radio and X-ray observations

The energy and spectral shape of radio bursts may help us understand the generation mechanism of solar eruptions,including solar flares,coronal mass ejections,eruptive filaments,and various scales of jets.The different kinds of flares may have different characteristics of energy and spectral distribution.In this work,we selected 10 mostly confined flare events during October 2014 to investigate their overall spectral behaviour and the energy emitted in microwaves by using radio observations from microwaves to interplanetary radio waves,and X-ray observations of GOES,RHESSI,and Fermi/GBM.We found that:all the confined flare events were associated with a microwave continuum burst extending to frequencies of 9.4 ~ 15.4GHz,and the peak frequencies of all confined flare events are higher than 4.995GHz and lower than or equal to 17GHz.The median value is around 9GHz.The microwave burst energy (or fluence) and the peak frequency are found to provide useful criteria to estimate the power of solar flares.The observations imply that the magnetic field in confined flares tends to be stronger than that in 412 flares studied by Nita et al.(2004).All 10 events studied did not produce detectable hard X-rays with energies above ~300 keV indicating the lack of efficient acceleration of electrons to high energies in the confined flares.
Finding unknown species in the genomes of extant species

Although many species have gone extinct,their genetic components might exist in extant species because of ancient hybridization.Via advances in genome sequencing and development of modern population genetics,one can find the legacy of unknown or extinct species in the context of available genomes from extant species.Such discovery can be used as a strategy to search for hidden species or fossils in conservation biology and archeology,gain novel insight into complex evolutionary history,and provide the new sources of genetic variation for breeding and trait improvement in agriculture.
Spatial modeling of solar photovoltaic power plant in Kabul,Afghanistan

Energy planning and solar plant site selections are vital strategic decisions and one of the most complex executive challenges in the interconnected procedures.It is essential to study the potential renewable energy sources in Afghanistan to select the most sustainable sites for solar power production in populated cities.This study is based on the combination of a Geographic Information System,Remote sensing,and multi-criteria decision-making technique to evaluate the optimal placement of photovoltaic solar power plants in the Kabul province,capital of Afghanistan.Two models,Analytical Hierarchy Process(AHP)and Analytical Network Process(ANP),were used to select suitable areas for establishing a solar power plant.The application of the proposed model has been made possible by integrating four constraints such as climate,environmental,topography,and economical which comprised twelve criteria: solar radiation,yearly average rainfall,land slope,aspect,land use,dust,geology and proximity to faults,main roads,Normalized difference vegetation index,urban areas river and water bodies.The findings indicate that there is no considerable difference between the results of both models since both models identified more than 20% of the total area of Kabul province in suitable classes.Outputs maps conclude that northern and southern parts of Kabul city and the eastern part of Kabul province came to the range of suitable areas.It can be concluded that Kabul province is a source of sufficient potential for producing solar electricity.The results of this study can support the plans of the Afghanistan government in solar energy production and the implementation of photovoltaic power plants.
Propagating characteristics of waves on a thin layer of mud

The propagating characteristics of the water and muddy waves are one of the concerns of theoretical studies because of the following facts: (1) With the development of the economy in the estuaries, local residents and government paid increasing attention to the ecological environment of the estuarine beaches The propagating characteristics of the water and muddy waves are closely related to the ecological environment, the concern of the government and the residents. (2) The propagating characteristics of the mud are the bottleneck of the study of the coastal and beach dynamics because of the complicated constitutive relation of the mud. The different constitutive models may lead to different explanations of its mechanism. Hence, the proper selection of the model is one of the keys to reveal the true kinematic properties of the mud in the estuaries. This paper first establishes a power law model of the constitutive relation of the mud. Based on this model, a gravity wave theory is proposed. According to the mechanism of the mud wave transportation, the coupled mud-water wave field can be divided into two layers. The upper layer is described as the viscous Newtonian fluid, whereas the lower high-concentration mud layer is described as the power law fluid. Next, the equations of the proposed model are discretized and the calculations are made by using the difference method. Then, the propagating characteristics are discussed, and the dispersion relations of the water and mud waves are analyzed in detail.
Heat transfer and plume statistics in turbulent thermal convection with sparse fractal roughness

Rough-surface Rayleigh-Benard convection is investigated using direct numerical simulations in two-dimensional convection cells with aspect ratio Γ =2. Three types of fractal roughness elements, which are marked as n1, n2 and n3, are constructed based on the Koch curve and sparsely mounted on both the plates, where n denotes the level of the roughness. The considered Rayleigh numbers Ra range from 10~7 to 10~(11) with Prandtl number Pr = 1. Two regimes are identified for cases n1, n2. In Regime I, the scaling exponents β in the effective Nusselt number Nu vs Ra scaling Nu~ Ra~β reach up to about 0.4. However, when Ra is larger than a critical value Ra_c, the flow enters Regime II, with β saturating back to a value close to the smooth-wall case (0.3). Ra_c is found to increase with increasing n, and for case n3, only Regime I is identified in the studied Ra range. The extension of Regime I in case n3 is due to the fact that at high Ra, the smallest roughness elements can play a role to disrupt the thermal boundary layers. The thermal dissipation rate is studied and it is found that the increased β in Regime I is related with enhanced thermal dissipation rate in the bulk. An interesting finding is that no clear convection roll structures can be identified for the rough cases, which is different from the smooth case where well-organized convection rolls can be found. This difference is further quantified by the detailed analysis of the plume statistics, and it is found that the horizontal profiles of plume density and velocity are relatively flattened due to the absence of clear convection rolls.
Biocarbon with different microstructures derived from corn husks and their potassium storage properties

In this paper,biocarbon was prepared from corn husks as anode materials for potassium ion batteries at temperatures ranging from 700 to 1600 ℃.The prepared biocarbon materials have amorphous phase structure and possess larger interlayer spacing than graphite.The biocarbon exhibits enhanced graphitic degree and decreased amounts of surface defects,while the carbonization temperature gradually increases.The obtained potassium ion battery electrode at 1300 ℃ acquired high reversible capacity up to 216.6 mAh·g~(-1) at 0.1 A·g~(-1) after 100 cycles,and retained 128.6 mAh·g~(-1) at 1 A·g~(-1) even after 500 cycles.The results indicate that the samples prepared at 1300 ℃ have better electrochemical performance than other samples prepared at different temperatures,which was attributed to the decisive influence of microstructure on surface-induced and intercalating potassium storage.
Carbon shell coated hollow NiCoSe_x composite as highperformance anode for lithium storage

Hollow NiCoSe_x (H-NiCoSe_x) nanospheres encapsulated with carbon shell were prepared via one-step easy solvothermal method followed by the carbon coating process.H-NiCoSe_x@C has large interior void with the uniform dimension around 350 nm and the thickness of carbon shell around 20-30 nm.Coupling with the large interior void as well as robust protective carbon shell,H-NiCoSe_x@C can retain the reversible capacity of 805.6 mAh·g~(-1) after 100 cycles at 200 mA·g~(-1).In particular,H-NiCoSe_x@C delivers large reversible capacity of 1532.2 mAh·g~(-1) upon cycling for 1000 loops at 1000 mA·g~(-1) with the capacity retention as high as 128.2% upon long period of activation.Even at the high rate of 3000 mA·g~(-1),its specific capacity still retains up to 659.3 mAh·g~(-1).The superior lithium storage performances for H-NiCoSe_x@C profit from its robust hollow core-shell structure as well as enhanced electrical conductivity and ion transport.
Calcium-and sulfate-functionalized artificial cathode-electrolyte interphases of Ni-rich cathode materials

Ni-rich lithium nickel-cobalt-manganese oxides (NCM) are considered the most promising cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs);however,relatively poor cycling performance is a bottleneck preventing their widespread use in energy systems.In this work,we propose the use of a dually functionalized surface modifier,calcium sulfate (CaSO_4,CSO),in an efficient one step method to increase the cycling performance of Ni-rich NCM cathode materials.Thermal treatment of LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_2 (NCM811) cathode materials with a CSO precursor allows the formation of an artificial Ca-and SO_x-functionalized cathode-electrolyte interphase (CEI) layer on the surface of Ni-rich NCM cathode materials.The CEI layer then inhibits electrolyte decomposition at the interface between the Ni-rich NCM cathode and the electrolyte.Successful formation of the CSO-modified CEI layer is confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analyses,and the process does not affect the bulk structure of the Ni-rich NCM cathode material.During cycling,the CSO-modified CEI layer remarkably decreases electrolyte decomposition upon cycling at both room temperature and 45 ℃,leading to a substantial increase in cycling retention of the cells.A cell cycled with a 0.1 CSO-modified (modified with 0.1% CSO) NCM811 cathode exhibits a specific capacity retention of 90.0%,while the cell cycled with non-modified NCM811 cathode suffers from continuous fading of cycling retention (74.0%) after 100 cycles.SEM,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS),and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) results of the recovered electrodes demonstrate that undesired surface reactions such as electrolyte decomposition and metal dissolution are well controlled in the cell because of the artificial CSO-modified CEI layer present on the surface of Ni-rich NCM811 cathodes.
Electrodeposited transparent PEDOT for inverted perovskite solar cells:improved charge transport and catalytic performances

The acidic,corrosive effect of sodium polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) in poly 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene:sodium polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) limits the stability of inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on the ITO/PEDOT:PSS/perovskite/PCBM/BCP/Ag structure.In this work,a poly 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT) hole transport layer (HTL) with high hole mobility and good catalytic performance was prepared by electrochemical cyclic voltammetry (CV) method for inverted PSCs.By controlling the CV cycles (from 1 to 5 cycles) and EDOT monomer solution concentration (from 0.5 to 2.0 mmol·L~(-1)) of electrochemical deposition,the thickness,morphology,optical and electrochemical properties of PEDOT could be accurately adjusted.The optimal photovoltaic performance with current density (J_(sc)) of 22.19 mA·cm~(-2),open circuit voltage (V_(oc)) of 0.94 V,fill factor (FF) of 0.65 and photoelectric conversion efficiency of 13.56% was obtained when deposition of PEDOT with 1 CV cycle and EDOT concentration of 0.5 mmol·L~(-1).At this point,the perovskite showed good crystallization,optimal optical,charge transport and recombination performance,resulting in better V_(oc) and photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) compared to the devices with higher CV cycle numbers and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) concentration.For comparison with spin-coated PEDOT:PSS,the device with electrodeposited PEDOT showed improved J_(sc) and comparable V_(oc),which may result from its better charge transport and catalytic ability.The device with spin-coated PEDOT:PSS showed photoelectric conversion efficiency of 12.25%,which was lower than that based on electrodeposited PEDOT (13.56%) with 1 CV cycles and 0.5 mmol·L~(-1) EDOT concentration.And the device with electrodeposited PEDOT as HTLs showed more excellent air stability.In ambient air ((32 ± 5) ℃ and RH:70% ± 20%),it still maintained more than 80% of the initial photoelectric conversion efficiency after 1000 h.In comparison,the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the device with PEDOT:PSS decreased to 20% of the initial value after storage for 500 h.From this study,a facial and low-cost way to prepare PEDOT HTL with high performances that better than the traditional PEDOT:PSS has been explored,which is expected to eliminate the acidic,corrosive effect of PSS in PEDOT:PSS.
Encapsulating manganese oxide nanoparticles within conducting polypyrrole via in situ redox reaction and oxidative polymerization for long-life lithium-ion batteries

Manganese oxides (MnO_x) have been extensively investigated due to their extremely high theoretical capacities for application as conversion anodes in lithiumion batteries.However,fully performing their theoretical performance still faces poor electric conductivity and serious volume change upon lithium insertion/extraction.Herein,we demonstrate encapsulating manganese oxide nanoparticles within a conducting polymer polypyrrole (PPy) shell as a facile strategy to overcome such flaws through in situ redox reaction and oxidative polymerization process.Such an in situ method combines the redox reaction between potassium permanganate and tetrahydrofuran to form MnO_x nanoparticles and the subsequent oxidative polymerization of pyrrole to form a conductive polypyrrole coating shell by the oxidant KMnO_4 into one step.For the as-fabricated products (MnO_x@PPy),this tenderly introduced conductive PPy shell highly favors the fast electron transfer and preserves the electrode structure integrity upon repeated cycling.As the anode for LIBs,MnO_x@PPy exhibits superior lithium storage performance with a high reversible capacity (1538 mAh·g~(-1)),long-life cyclability (747 mAh·g~(-1) after 1000 cycles at 1.0C) and durable ratability (574 mAh·g~(-1) at 2.0C).This work demonstrates that the convenient in situ strategy to form conductive polymer coating shell is effective to improve the performance of conversion anodes and can be extended to other materials for energy storage applications.