mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Soil Macropore Structure Characterized by X-Ray Computed Tomography Under Different Land Uses in the Qinghai Lake Watershed, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Quantification of soil macropores is important to enhance our understanding of preferential pathways for water, air, and chemical movement in soils. However, the soil architecture of different land uses is not well understood in elusive alpine regions. The objective of this study was to quantify the architecture of soil macropores in a Kobresia meadow, farmland, and sand in the Qinghai Lake watershed of northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China using X-ray computed tomography. Nine soil cores at 0-50 cm depth were collected at three sites with three replicates. At each site, the three collected cores were scanned using a GE HiSpeed FX/i medical scanner (General Electric, USA). To analyze soil architecture, the number of macropores, macroporosity, and mean macropore equivalent diameter within the 50 cm soil profile were determined from the X-ray computed tomography. Analysis of variance indicated that land use significantly influenced macroporosity, mean macropore equivalent diameter, and number of macropores. The soils of the Kobresia meadow and farmland had greater macroporosity and developed deeper and longer macropores than that of sand. For the Kobresia meadow, macropores were distributed mainly in the 0-10 cm soil layer, while they were distributed in the 0-20 cm soil layer for the farmland. The large number of macropores observed in the soils of the Kobresia meadow and farmland could be attributed to greater root development. The results of this study provided improved quantitative evaluation of a suite of soil macropore features with significant implications for non-equilibrium flow prediction and chemical transport modeling in soils.
帕利哌酮治疗精神分裂症共病丙型病毒性肝炎1例

临床上精神分裂症患者合并感染肝炎不少见。据报道,精神分裂症患者丙性病毒肝炎病毒检出率为5.07%。然而现阶段在面对精神分裂症共病丙肝/肝功能受损的患者时,治疗往往处于两难的境地。一方面由于绝大多数抗精神病药物均需通过肝脏进行生物转换,抗精神病药物可加重患者的肝功能损伤。另一方面,鉴于针对肝炎的抗病毒药物与抗精神病药物之间易发生相互作用,增加药物不良反应。随着药理学的发展,一种新型抗精神病药物(帕利哌酮片即9-羟基利培酮)的出现为精神分裂症合并肝炎患者的治疗带来了希望。本文报道1例精神分裂症共病丙肝的患者口服帕利哌酮片的治疗过程,希望为临床类似患者提供参考。
基于象限和量角器定位的硬通道穿刺引流自发性小脑内血肿

目前,自发性小脑出血引起的高颅压和脑积水仍是威胁患者生命的两大因素,同时也是神经外科危急重症。手术治疗自发性小脑出血的临床效果不甚理想,尤其是合并多发慢性疾病的老年患者。随着临床影像学技术和设备的发展,采用硬、软通道穿刺引流脑内血肿逐渐被推广。但对于自发性小脑出血的手术方法、辅助工具以及手术效果,文献报道各有差异。2014年9月至2016年6月菏泽市立医院神经外科收治36例幕下自发性小脑出血患者,术中利用象限和量角器辅助定位、穿刺引流血肿,获得满意疗效,现报道如下。
Interface microstructure and bond strength of 1420/7B04 composite sheets prepared by diffusion bonding

The effect of temperature on interface microstructure and shear strength of 1420 Al–Li alloy and 7B04 Al alloy composite plates prepared by diffusion bonding were investigated. The results indicate the optimum temperature for bonding the composite plates is 520 ℃, a sound bonding interface without continuous intermetallic compound layers and interfacial voids is obtained, and the shear strength value of bond joints can be as high as 190 MPa. An interfacial transition zone is formed due to the alloying elements mutual diffusion during the bonding process. Meanwhile, the effect of temperature on diffusion of alloying elements and interface reaction were discussed in detail, the results show that the higher temperature can increase the diffusion of alloying elements fluxes across the bonding interface, which can accelerate the closure of interfacial voids; meanwhile, when Mg atoms diffuse across the bonding interface, it can react with and break up the surface oxide films into discrete particles, and the removal of interface oxides increases the metal to metal bond areas and improves the bond quality.
Modification of Roll Flattening Analytical Model Based on the Plane Assumption

Roll flattening is an important component in the roll stack elastic deformation, which has important influence on controlling of the strip crown and flatness. Foppl formula and semi-infinite body model are the most popular analytical models in the roll flattening calculation. However, the roll flattening calculated by traditional flattening models has a great deviation from actual situation, especially near the barrel edges. Therefore, in order to improve the accuracy of roll flattening, a new model is proposed based on the elastic half plane theory. The calculation formulas of roll flattening are deduced respectively under the assumptions of plane strain and plane stress. Then, the two assumptions are combined through the method of introducing an transition coefficient, and the distribution rules of roll flattening for different rolling force, flattening width, roll length and roll diameter are analyzed by using the FEM analysis software Marc. Regarding the ratio of the length to roll end and the roll diameter as variable to fit the transition coefficient, the new model of roll flattening is established based on the elastic half plane theory. Finally, the transition coefficient is fitted to establish the model. Compared with the traditional models, the new model can effectively improve the calculation deviation in the roll end, which has important significance for accurate simulation of plate shape, especially for the distribution of rolling force between rolls.
基因突变的难治性播散性结核病一例

因此,强力抗结核治疗过程中仍反复出现新发结核病灶,需考虑基因缺陷。随着高通量深度测序、细胞表型分析等技术的发展,需要更深入了解KIR的调控功能,明确KIR突变对结核病的影响,以提供免疫治疗的新机会。
肝左静脉优先入路在活体肝移植腹腔镜左外叶供肝切取术中的应用

活体肝移植可以解决供肝短缺的问题,特别是对于儿童患者,接受成人左外叶的供肝即可满足需求。自1988年Raia等完成首例活体肝移植(living donor liver transplantation,LDLT)手术以来,LDLT已成为小儿肝移植最主要的手术方式。如何保证活体肝移植手术中供者的安全、最大程度地减少手术对供者生理和心理的损伤已成为近期移植领域研究的热点。腹腔镜左外叶供肝获取手术创伤小、恢复快、局部解剖精准,有望成为左外叶获取的标准术式。我院普外科自2016年10月至2018年1月共完成20例腹腔镜下左外叶供肝获取手术,术后供受者均恢复良好,其中8例患者采取左肝静脉优先入路(left hepatic vein preferential approach,LHVPA)处理方式,现将临床资料报告如下。
Tuning the Heavy Fermion State of CeFeGe_3 by Ru Doping

We successfully synthesize a series of polycrystalline CeRu_xFe_(1-x)Ge3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) samples,which are characterized using powder x-ray diffraction, resistivity and specific heat measurements. The expansion of the lattice constants with increasing x demonstrates the successful doping of Ru into the CeFeGe_3 lattice. Upon doping, it is found that the temperature up to which Landau-Fermi liquid behavior is observed in the resistivity is reduced. Meanwhile, there is also a pronounced increase in the resistivity coefficient and residual resistivity, as well as a clear upturn in C/T at low temperatures, suggesting that Ru doping may tune the system towards a quantum critical point.
Evidence for Multiple Underlying Fermi Surface and Isotropic Energy Gap in the Cuprate Parent Compound Ca_2CuO_2Cl_2

The parent compounds of the high- temper at ure cuprate superconductors are Mott insulators. It has been generally agreed that understanding the physics of the doped Mott insulators is essential to understanding the mechanism of high temperature superconductivity. A natural starting point is to elucidate the basic electronic structure of the parent compound. Here we report comprehensive high resolution angle-resolved photoemission measurements on Ca_2CuO_2Cl_2, a Mott insulator and a prototypical parent compound of the cuprates. Multiple underlying Fermi surface sheets are revealed for the first time. The high energy waterfall-like band dispersions exhibit different behaviors near the nodal and antinodal regions. Two distinct energy scales are identified: a d-wave-like low energy peak dispersion and a nearly isotropic lower Hubbard band gap. These observations provide new information of the electronic structure of the cuprate parent compound, which is important for understanding the anomalous physical properties and superconductivity mechanism of the high temperature cuprate superconductors.
A Modular DC/DC Photovoltic Generation System for HVDC Grid Connection

A modular DC/DC conversion system with distributed MPPT and centralized step-up converter for photovoltaic energy integrated into HVDC grids is proposed in this paper. The conversion system consists of two power stages, with MPPT converter as the first stage and a step-up converter as the second stage. Both stages are modular structures. For the distributed MPPT stage, interleaved boost topology is utilized to effectively reduce the input and output ripples without adding extra components. For the centralized step-up stage, narrow-switching-frequency-variation LLC topology is employed, with the modules being configured as input-parallel-output-series structure. Full-range soft-switching property is achieved in the LLC stage to minimize switching losses. Theoretical analysis is carried out for the system voltage gain and design principles. Simulation and experimental results of a 3kW prototype system are presented to verify the theoretical analysis of the proposed system.
A New Active Gate Driver for MOSFET to Suppress Turn-Off Spike and Oscillation

MOSFETs are widely used in power electronics converters. Due to the high di/dt and dv/dt of the MOSFET and parasitic parameters in the circuit, drain voltage spikes and oscillations will be generated during turn-off, which can affect the safety of the device and degrade the system's electromagnetic compatibility. This paper first studies the relationship between drain voltage spike and gate voltage during turn-off. Based on the effect of gate voltage on drain voltage spike, a new active gate driver that optimizes gate voltage is proposed. The proposed active gate driver detects the slope of the drain voltage and generates a positive pulse in the drain current fall phase to increase the gate voltage, thereby suppressing drain voltage spike and oscillation. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed active gate driver, a simulation circuit and an experimental platform are constructed and compared with the conventional gate driver. Simulation and experimental results show that the new active gate driver can effectively suppress the drain voltage spike and oscillation of MOSFETs, and can effectively reduce high-frequency EMI.
Update of Meat Standards Australia and the cuts based grading scheme for beef and sheepmeat

Changing markets and evolving consumer demand present new challenges for the beef and sheep industries. In response, the industry has been investing in innovations to deliver new products and management systems to consumers. One such innovation is the Meat Standards Australia (MSA) system. This system is a Total Quality Management System, aimed at delivering an eating quality guarantee to consumers, and through this adding value to the entire supply chain. At present, it is well developed for beef and still evolving for sheepmeat. MSA has identified Critical Control Points (CCPs) in the production, pre-slaughter, processing and value-adding aspects of the supply chain that impact on consumer palatability through the large-scale taste testing of meat by untrained consumers. These CCPs are used as either (1) mandatory criteria determining eligibility for grading, and (2) inputs in a model predicting the palatability of individual combinations of muscle and different cooking methods. Through the prediction of palatability, MSA increases consumer satisfaction and is used to provide assurance for branded products and new marketing innovations in Australia and internationally. This has added significant value to the Australian beef industry, with several retail examples demonstrating consumer willingness to pay more for premium quality beef and sheepmeat products based on the MSA grading scores. This price differential at retail allows the value of the carcass to be calculated based on the eating quality as well as the volume produced, thereby delivering a financial reward for farmers producing high quality carcasses. The continuous quality scale of MSA allows producers to realise the financial gain of incremental improvements in quality, as well as the precise economic weights associated with traits such as marbling, ossification score, or breed. The use of MSA in this fashion has underpinned a new and innovative supply chain where the pricing is transparent and allows producers to make informed decisions to modify both quality and yield traits. To date, the MSA system for beef has proved to be effective in predicting beef palatability not only in Australia but also in many other countries (France, Poland, Ireland, Northern Ireland, Japan, South Korea, New-Zealand, the USA and South Africa). In Europe, results of the ProSafeBeef and ProOptiBeef projects as well as other national projects demonstrate the potential to develop an MSA-like international grading system for the supply chain in the EU, despite the diverse cultures and complex beef production systems within the member states. International testing in lamb has only just begun and preliminary results are discussed here.
Effect of shade stress on lignin biosynthesis in soybean stems

To clarify how shade stress affects lignin biosynthesis in soybean stem, two varieties, Nandou 12 (shade tolerant) and Nan 032-4 (shade susceptible) grew under normal light and shade conditions (the photosynthetically active radiation and the ratio of red:far-red were lower than normal light condition). Lignin accumulation, transcripts of genes involved in lignin biosynthesis, and intermediates content of lignin biosynthesis were analyzed. Both soybean varieties suffered shade stress had increased plant heights and internode lengths, and reduced stem diameters and lignin accumulation in stems. The expression levels of lignin-related genes were significantly influenced by shade stress, with interactions between the light environment and variety. The gene of 3-hydroxylase (C3H), cinnamoyl-CoA reductase (CCR), caffeoyl- CoA O-methyltransferase (CCoAOMT), and peroxidase (POD) attributed to lignin biosynthesis under shade stress, and the down-regulation of these genes resulted in lower caffeic, sinapic, and ferulic acid levels, which caused a further decrease in lignin biosynthesis. Under shade stress, the shade tolerant soybean variety (Nandou 12) showed stiffer stems, higher lignin content, and greater gene expression level and higher metabolite contents than shade susceptible one. So these characteristics could be used for screening the shade-tolerant soybean for intercropping.
Effects of 1-methylcyclopropene and modified atmosphere packaging on fruit quality and superficial scald in Yali pears during storage

The Yali pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.) is susceptible to superficial scald during prolonged cold storage and at shelf life. This study investigated the effects of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on changes of fruit quality and superficial scald during cold storage and at shelf life in Yali pear. Compared with MAP, the combination of MAP and 1-MCP (MAP+1-MCP) treatment reduced the carbon dioxide and ethylene content inside the packaging bag. The 1-MCP, MAP, and MAP+1-MCP treatments reduced the superficial scald index, malondialdehyde content, O_2~–· production rate and relative conductivity and inhibited the accumulation of α-farnesene and conjugated trienes in the peel. 1-MCP and MAP+1-MCP treatments maintained a higher phenolic content and enhanced the catalase and superoxide dismutase activities in the fruit, while reduced activities of lipoxygenase and polyphenol oxidase in the peel preceding the onset of superficial scald. Comprehensive analysis indicated that the MAP+1-MCP treatment is the most effective method tested for improving the quality of Yali pears during cold storage and at shelf life.
Effects of constant and stage-specific-alternating temperature on the survival, development and reproduction of the oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Migratory insects make diverse adaptive strategies in response to changes in external environment. Temperature has an impact on the survival, development, reproduction, and migration initiation of insects. Previous research has primarily been focused on the effects of constant temperature on populations, but changing temperature has received less attention. Three constant temperature treatments (20, 25 and 30°C) and three pupal-alternating temperature treatments (20–25, 25–20 and 25–30°C) were set up to study the relationship between temperature and population development by age-stage, two-sex life table analysis in the oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata Walker, a notorious migratory pest in grain crops. The 25°C treatment was considered optimal with 20 and 30°C as low suitable temperature and high temperatures, respectively. The survival rate was relatively low before third instar larvae at 20°C (63.0%) and 20–25°C (70.1%), and extreme low after pupal stage at 30°C (20.6%). Developmental duration of each stage was negatively correlated with temperature. The adult preoviposition period, when most migratory insects initiate migration, was the shortest at 25°C (2.69 d) but was lengthened at both low suitable (7.48 d for 20°C, 6.91 d for 25–20°C and 4.57 d for 20–25°C) and high temperatures (3.74 d for 25–30°C and 5.00 d for 30°C). Both low suitable and high temperature decreased lifetime fecundity, net reproductive rate and the intrinsic rate of increase, with variability observed across developmental duration and stage during non-optimal temperature. The results expand knowledge of the relationship between changing temperature and armyworm population development, and adaptive strategies in complex ambient environment.
Effects of temperatures on the development and reproduction of the armyworm, Mythimna roseilinea: Analysis using an age-stage, two-sex life table

The armyworm Mythimna roseilinea (Walker) is a major pest of grain crops in South China. So far little is known about its basic biology and ecology, making prediction of population dynamics difficult. This study examined the relationships of individual development and population growth with temperature based on an age-stage, two-sex life table of M. roseilinea reared on maize in the laboratory at 18, 21, 24, 27 and 30°C. The highest values of net reproductive rate (R0) and fecundity were observed at 21 and 24°C, respectively. Both the intrinsic rate of increase (r) and finite rate of increase (λ) increased significantly and mean generation time (T) decreased significantly with increasing temperature. M. roseilinea was able to develop, survive and lay eggs at all temperature regimes tested. Development rates of the egg, larval, pupal, as well as the whole pre-oviposition stages had a positive linear relationship with temperature. The calculated development threshold temperatures of egg, larval, pupal, pre-oviposition and total pre-oviposition stages were 13.29, 8.39, 14.35, 7.42, and 12.24°C, respectively, and their effective accumulated temperatures were 63.59, 445.00, 211.11, 89.02, and 698.95 degree-days, respectively. These results provide insight into temperature-based phenology and population ecology of this insect pest and will allow population prediction and management available in the field.
A Rapid, Non-invasive Method for Anatomical Observations of Tadpole Vertebrae in Vivo

The tadpole is a critical stage in the amphibian life cycle and plays an important role during the transition from the aquatic to the terrestrial stage. However, there is a large gap in tadpole research, which represents a vital component of our understanding of the diversity and complexity of the life history traits of amphibians, especially their developmental biology. Some aspects of this gap are due to limited research approaches. To date, X-ray microcomputed tomography(micro-CT) has been widely used to conduct osteology research in adult amphibians and reptiles, but little is known about whether this tool can be applied in tadpole studies. Thus, we compared the results of two methods(the bone-cartilage double-staining technique and micro-CT) to study vertebrae in tadpole specimens. The results revealed no significant difference between the two methods in determining the number of vertebrae, and micro-CT represents a rapid, non-invasive, reliable method of studying tadpole vertebrae. When scanning tadpoles, voltage is the most critical of the scanning parameters(voltage, current and scan time), and moderate scanning parameters are recommended. In addition, micro-CT performed better using specimens stored in 70% ethanol than those preserved in 10% formalin. Finally, we suggest that micro-CT should be more widely applied in herpetological research to increase specimen utilization.
Hillslope coupled stream morphology,flow conditions,and their effects on detrital sedimentology in Garnet Canyon,Teton Range,Wyoming

Characterizing stream erosion in any steep mountain landscape is arduous,but the challenge level increases when the stream flows through a glaciated catchment frequently modified by hillslope debris.Glacial landforms and stochastic mass wasting in alpine systems may interfere with sediment delivery to downstream sites where detrital sediments are often collected to represent upstream bedrock sources.To use detrital sediments as indicators of erosion,we need to understand potential sediment accumulation in flat glaciated reaches or behind rockfall barriers.This study investigates the stream channel in Garnet Canyon,a glaciated catchment located in the central Teton Range,to describe hillslope coupled channel morphology and the subsequent effects on sediment transport throughout the catchment.Stream cross-section surveys and sediment size measurements of the surface bedload were collected in the field within a glacially flattened segment of Garnet Canyon.Calculations of shear stress conditions allowed evaluation of the importance of mineral densities on potential grain entrainment.The length of the Garnet Canyon stream observed in this study was coupled with hillslope deposits.Critical shear stresses were sufficient to move gravel-sized sediments through all sections when calculated with quartz mineral density and through most sections when applying apatite mineral density.These results verify the application of detrital sediments to evaluate erosion rates or spatial bedrock sources because snowmelt stream flow efficiently moves entrained sediment past glacially reduced slopes and potential talus barriers.