mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Weakening of Winter North Atlantic Oscillation Signal in Spring Precipitation over Southern China

In this study, the relationship between the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) in winter (December- February) and the precipitation over southern China (SCP) in the following spring (March-May) was investigated. Results showed an interdecadal change, from strong to weak connection, in their connection. Before the early 1980s, they were highly correlated, with a strong (weak) winter NAO followed by an increased (decreased) spring SCP. However, after the early 1980s, their relationship was weakened significantly. This unstable relationship may be linked to the climatological change of East Asian jet. Before the early 1980s, the wave train along the Asian jet propagated the NAO signal eastward to East Asia and affected local upper-tropospheric atmospheric circulation. A strong NAO in winter led to an anomalous anticyclonic circulation at the south side of 30°N in East Asia in spring, resulting in an increase of SCP. In contrast, after the early 1980s, the wave train pattern along the Asian jet extended eastward due to strengthening of the climatological East Asian jet. Correspondingly, the NAO-related East Asian atmospheric circulations in the upper troposphere shifted eastward, thereby weakening the linkage between the spring SCP and the winter NAO.
Projected Changes of Palmer Drought Severity Index under an RCP8.5 Scenario

The potential change of drought measured by the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) is projected by using a coupled climate system model under a Representative Pathway 8.5 (RCP8.5) scenario. The PDSI changes calculated by two potential evapotranspiration algorithms are compared. The algorithm of Thornthwaite equation overestimates the impact of surface temperature on evaporation and leads to an unrealistic increasing of drought frequency. The PM algorithm based on the Penman-Monteith equation is physically reasonably and necessary for climate change projections. The Flexible Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System model, Spectral Version 2 (FGOALS-s2) projects an increasing trend of drought during 2051-2100 in tropical and subtropical areas of North and South America, North Africa, South Europe, Southeast Asia, and the Australian continent. Both the moderate drought (PDSI < -2) and extreme drought (PDSI < -4) areas show statistically significant increasing trends under an RCP8.5 scenario. The uncertainty in the model projection is also discussed.
Climate Change over China in the 21st Century as Simulated by BCC_CSM1.1-RegCM4.0

Driven by the global model, Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model version 1.1 (BCC_ CSM1.1), climate change over China in the 21st century is simulated by a regional climate model (RegCM4.0) under the new emission scenarios of the Representative Concentration Pathways-RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. This is based on a period of transient simulations from 1950 to 2099, with a grid spacing of 50 km. The present paper focuses on the annual mean temperature and precipitation in China over this period, with emphasis on their future changes. Validation of model performance reveals marked improvement of the RegCM4.0 model in reproducing present day temperature and precipitation relative to the driving BCC_CSM1.1 model. Significant warming is simulated by both BCC_CSM1.1 and RegCM4.0, however, spatial distribution and magnitude differ between the simulations. The high emission scenario RCP8.5 results in greater warming compared to RCP4.5. The two models project different precipitation changes, characterized by a general increase in the BCC_CSM1.1, and broader areas with decrease in the RegCM4.0 simulations.
Peripheral nerve axons contain machinery for co-translational secretion of axonally-generated proteins

The axonal compartment of developing neurons and mature peripheral nervous system (PNS) neurons has the capacity to locally synthesize proteins. Axonally-synthesized proteins have been shown to facilitate axonal pathfinding and maintenance in developing central nervous system (CNS) and PNS neurons, and to facilitate the regeneration of mature PNS neurons. RNA-profiling studies of the axons of cultured neurons have shown a surprisingly complex population of mRNAs that encode proteins for a myriad of functions. Although classic-appearing rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus have not been documented in axons by ultrastructural studies, axonal RNA profiling studies show several membrane and secreted protein-encoding mRNAs whose translation products would need access to a localized secretory mechanism. We previously showed that the axons of cultured neurons contain functional equivalents of RER and Golgi apparatus. Here, we show that markers for the signal-recognition particle, RER, ER, and Golgi apparatus are present in PNS axons in vivo. Co-localization of these proteins mirrors that seen for cultured axons where locally-translated proteins are localized to the axoplasmic membrane. Moreover, nerve injury increases the levels and/or aggregation of these proteins, suggesting that the regenerating axon has an increased capacity for membrane targeting of locally synthesized proteins.
Anatomical and electrophysiological plasticity of locomotor networks following spinal transection in the salamander

Recovery of locomotor behavior following spinal cord injury can occur spontaneously in some vertebrates, such as fish, urodele amphibians, and certain reptiles. This review provides an overview of the current status of our knowledge on the anatomical and electrophysiological changes occurring within the spinal cord that lead to, or are associated with the re-expression of locomotion in spinally-transected salamanders. A better understanding of these processes will help to devise strategies for restoring locomotor function in mammals, including humans.
One variant of a (2+ 1)-dimensional Volterra system and its (1+ 1)-dimensional reduction

A new system is generated from a multi-linear form of a (2+1)- dimensional Volterra system. Though the system is only partially integrable and needs additional conditions to possess two-soliton solutions, its (1+1)- dimensional reduction gives an integrable equation which has been studied via reduction skills. Here, we give this (1+1)-dimensional reduction a simple bilinear form, from which a Backlund transformation is derived and the corresponding nonlinear superposition formula is built.
Anatomical studies of ovule development in the post-bloom pistils of the 'Zuili' plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.)

In order to investigate the cause of poor fruit set in ’Zuili’ plums,anatomical examinations of post-bloom pistils were conducted and the dates of young fruit drop were recorded during the growing seasons of 2008 and 2009.Pistils of cv.’Black Amber’ were also examined as an abundant setting control.Two major dropping periods were detected in ’Zuili’:one during the first 5 d after full bloom (DAF) and another between 10 and 17 DAF.Anatomical analyses of the pistils at the full bloom stage revealed that half of the ovules had not developed embryos,which may have caused their early drop.In most dropped pistils collected at 17 DAF,the micropyle had not been penetrated by a pollen tube,indicating that they were not fertilized.’Zuili’ ovules initiated embryo division at 10-12 DAF,although thereafter embryo development was retarded when compared to the rates observed in ’Black Amber’.Ovule fertilization failure and inactive embryo development after ovule fertilization may be the major causes of the later fruit drop observed in ’Zuili’ plum trees.
Fruit quality,anthocyanin and total phenolic contents,and antioxidant activities of 45 blueberry cultivars grown in Suwon,Korea

Blueberry fruits from 45 commercial cultivars (39 northern highbush and 6 half highbush blueberry) grown in Suwon,Korea were analyzed for fruit size,soluble solids content,titratable acidity,total anthocyanin content,total phenolic content,and antioxidant activity.Fruit characteristics varied widely among the 45 blueberry cultivars.Fruit weight ranged from 0.9 to 3.6 g,soluble solids content from 8.3 to 14.3 °Brix,and titratable acidity from 0.8% to 3.6%.Antioxidant activity ranged from 0.7 to 2.1 mg of quercetin equivalents per gram of fresh berries in different blueberry cultivars.Among the 45 blueberry cultivars,high amounts of anthocyanins and polyphenols,and high antioxidant activity were observed in ’Elliott’,’Rubel’,’Rancocas’,and ’Friendship’.
Tunable high-Q tapered silica microcylinder filter

We propose and demonstrate a tunable optical filter based on a tapered silica microcylinder, whose diameter is gradually varied along its longitudinal axis. The tapered microcylinder comprises a slowly varying transition zone fabricated through the fiber drawing technique. Given the tapered diameter of the microcylinder, the resonant wavelengths can be tuned by displacing the tapered microcylinder. This tunable filter exhibits a high Q-factor (~10~6) and a large tuning range (>1 free spectral range (FSR)).
Robust iris biometric system for visible wavelength data

Commercial iris biometric systems exhibit good performance for near-infrared (NIR) images but poor performance for visible wavelength (VW) data. To address this problem, we propose an iris biometric system for VW data. The system includes localizing iris boundaries that use bimodal thresholding, Euclidean distance transform (EDT), and a circular pixel counting scheme (CPCS). Eyelids are localized using a parabolic pixel counting scheme (PPCS), and eyelashes, light reflections, and skin parts are adaptively detected using image intensity. Features are extracted using the log Gabor filter, and finally, matching is performed using Hamming distance (HD). The experimental results on UBIRIS and CASIA show that the proposed technique outperforms contemporary approaches.
乙肝疫苗壳聚糖纳米粒体外分析方法研究

壳聚糖纳米粒是一种生物相容性好、生物可降解的新型给药制剂,近年来被广泛应用于生物医药领域。壳聚糖纳米粒能延长药物在吸收部位的滞留时间,还可以瞬时打开上皮细胞间的紧密连接,促进大分子药物通过组织上皮的转运作用,改善药物特别是蛋白质、多肽类药物的口服吸收,提高药物的生物利用度。本课题组制备了包载乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)的壳聚糖纳米粒作为乙肝疫苗,并根据肠道黏膜及派伊尔集合淋巴结(Peyer's patches)的免疫学特点,用能同肠道微皱褶细胞上的岩藻糖特异性结合的荆豆凝集素对壳聚糖纳米粒进行修饰,构建靶向定位于小肠黏膜中派伊尔集合淋巴结的乙肝疫苗壳聚糖纳米粒口服给药系统。本研究建立了壳聚糖纳米粒中乙肝疫苗含量测定的方法,并对载药纳米粒的包封率和载药量进行了考察。
单克隆抗体技术在中药研究中的应用

近年来,随着科学技术的日新月异,单克隆抗体技术获得了飞速的发展,它已被引领和发展到自然界的植物学中,特别是中药研究领域中的应用,从而开创了单克隆抗体应用的新领域。该文综合分析了近十年单克隆抗体技术在中药研究的应用。
老年脑白质病变患者认知障碍特点及危险因素

随着全球老龄化的加剧,老年轻度认知功能障碍(MCI)引发越来越多的关注。患有MCI的老年人群是发展成为痴呆患者的高危人群,其概率较未患病老人高10倍以上。国内外研究表明脑白质病变(WML)是造成老年MCI的一个非常重要的独立危险因素,本次研究以不同部位和程度的WML的认知障碍特点为着眼点,探讨老年人群引发MCI的危险因素,以期延缓甚至阻止MCI的发生,为临床干预提供借鉴。
PTEN在心肌缺血/再灌注损伤中的研究进展

PTEN是迄今发现的第一个具有双特异磷酸酶活性的抑癌基因,也是继p53基因后另一个较为广泛地与肿瘤发生关系密切的基因。PTEN蛋白在细胞生长、凋亡、黏附、迁移、浸润等方面具有重要作用。近年来研究发现PTEN参与了心肌缺血在灌注(I/R)损伤机制的相关调控,成为新近研究的热点。
腹腔镜保留肾单位手术治疗老年患者局限性肾癌13例

肾癌是成人泌尿系统中最常见的一种肾脏恶性肿瘤,疾病高发期是50~70岁。长期以来,外科手术治疗是首选的方法,但是由于发病人群以老年患者居多,他们的全身器官功能衰退,机体抵抗力差,手术耐受性降低,大大增加了手术的风险性。因此采取创伤小、恢复快的微创手术治疗老年患者的肾癌,尤其是局限性肾癌,具有重要的临床意义。近年来,随着医疗水平的不断发展,在根治性肾切除手术之后,保留肾单位手术、腹腔镜手术等相继出现,为老年患者肾癌的治疗提供了有利条件。本文旨在分析局限性老年肾癌患者进行腹腔镜保留肾单位手术治疗效和安全性。
淫羊藿苷对5/6肾切除大鼠Bcl-2、Bax表达的影响

目的探讨淫羊藿苷对5/6肾切除大鼠肾脏凋亡相关基因Bcl-2和Bax mRNA表达的影响。方法雄性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、5/6肾切除模型组、淫羊藿苷治疗组(20和40 mg/kg)和苯那普利治疗组(n=8)。连续灌胃给药12 w,收集24 h尿液和血清,测定尿蛋白、血肌酐和尿素氮;新鲜肾脏组织制备单细胞悬液,流式细胞仪检测细胞周期分布和凋亡率;荧光定量PCR检测肾组织中Bcl-2和Bax的mRNA表达。结果与5/6肾切除模型组相比,淫羊藿苷可显著降低24 h尿蛋白量、血肌酐和尿素氮,减少S期细胞百分比,提高G_0/M期细胞百分比,降低细胞凋亡率,并抑制Bcl-2和Bax的mRNA表达。结论淫羊藿苷对5/6肾切除大鼠肾功能具有保护作用,其机制可能与改变细胞周期分布、影响凋亡相关基因表达有关。
止血带捆绑子宫峡部防治胎盘因素产后出血的临床研究

胎盘因素导致的剖宫产术中大出血是产科常见且严重的并发症之一,一旦处理不及时,抢救不到位,将危及产妇生命。因此,剖宫产术中采取迅速有效的止血方法预防大出血是为抢救争取时间的关键。2008年1月至2011年12月我院采用弹性止血带捆绑子宫峡部防治胎盘因素性产后大出血,效果良好,现报道如下。
严重产后出血的输血与输液管理

严重产后出血是一种通常需要紧急输血治疗的失血状态。产后急性失血与外科失血不同之处在于:妊娠期妇女血容量增加30% ~ 50%,产妇可耐受自然产后24小时出血500 ml或剖宫产后24小时出血1000 ml,产妇出血量可能远大于其循环系统的欠缺容量,因此,当产妇出现容量不足的初期临床表现时,其凝血功能可能已近失代偿。严重产后出血患者实施输血与输液治疗目标依然是:在维持心脏射血功能的基础上,维持正常的体内循环容量、足够的血红蛋白浓度、正常的内环境以及正常的凝血与子宫收缩止血功能。
Study of the Electric Filed Around a Metal Oxide Surge Arrester: Measurement and Simulation

The study of the electric field around a surge arrester is useful for design procedures and diagnostic tests. The current work com- putes the electric field around a medium voltage gapless surge arrester using 2D and 3D representation of the arrester. The 2D simulation design, which is described in IEC 60099-4 Standard, cannot include the non symmetrical parts of the arrester geometry and the test arrange- ment. 3D simulation procedures have the advantage that takes into account these asymmetries, giving more accurate results for each measurement position. In order to confirm the suitability of the created models, the simulation results of the electric field, using the 2D and 3D edition of PC Opera, are compared with recorded measurements, which are obtained in laboratory using appropriate calibrated field meters.
Three-dimensional Model Analysis of Electric Field Excited by Multi-circuit Intersecting Overhead Transmission Lines

This work is carried out to predict the special distribution of electric field induced by multi-circuit intersecting overhead high-voltage (HV) transmission lines (TLs) within a large range without any expensive and time-consuming computation. The two main parts of the presented methodology are 1) setting up a three-dimensional (3D) model to calculate the electric field based on combining ca- tenary equations with charge simulation method and 2) calculating the hybrid electric field excited by multi-circuit intersecting TLs using coordinate transformation and superposition technique. Examples of different TLs configurations, including a 220 kV single-circuit hori- zontally configured TLs, a 500 kV single-circuit triangularly configured TLs and a combination of the 220 kV TLs and the 550 kV TLs, are illustrated to verify the validity of this methodology. A more complicatal configurations, including a 500 kV double-circuit TLs and two 220 kV single-circuit horizontally configured TLs, are also calculated. Conclusions were drawn from the simulation: 1) The presented 3D model outperforms 2D models in describing the electric field distribution generated by practical HV TLs with sag and span. 2) Coordinate trans- formation and superposition technique considerably simplify the electric field computation for multi-circuit TLs configurations, which makes it possible to deal with complex engineering problems. 3) The electric field in the area covered by multiple intersecting overhead TLs is distorted and the hybrid electric field strength in some partial region increases so sharply that it might exceed the admissible value. 4) The configuration parameters of the TLs and the spatial configuration of multi-circuit TLs, for instance, the height of TLs, the length of span and the intersection angle of multiple circuits, influence the strength and the distribution of hybrid electric field. The influence regularities sum- marized in this paper can be referred by future TL designs to meet the electromagnetic environmental protection regulations.
Calculation Model for the Propagation of Audible Noise from High Voltage Transmission Lines

Audible noise from high voltage transmission lines’ corona discharge has become one of the decisive factors affecting design of high voltage transmission lines, thus it is very important to study the spatial propagation characteristics of audible noise for its accurate pre- diction. A calculation model for the propagation of audible noise is presented in this paper, which is based on the basic equation of the sound wave and can involve the influences of the atmosphere absorption and ground effects. The effects of different ground impedances and the atmospheric attenuation on the distribution of sound pressure level are discussed in this paper. The results show that the atmospheric absorp- tion may increase the attenuation of the audible noise, and the ground surface affects both the amplitude and phase of the sound. The spatial distribution fluctuates considering the ground effects. The atmospheric attenuation and the ground effect are closely related to the frequency of the noise. In the frequency range of the audible noise, the influence of atmospheric attenuation on the spatial propagation characteristics is more obvious in high frequency while ground has significant influences in low frequency.
Characteristics of LDPE and Oriented Montmorillonite Nanocomposites Produced by Electric Field-inducement

In order to make montmorillonite (MMT) nanosheets disperse in low-density polyethylene (LDPE) with highly homogeneous orientation, alternating voltage is applied to molten LDPE with MMT nanosheets. The effect of electric field on the dispersion of MMT in the solidified LDPE is studied. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses suggest that the MMT nano- sheets are aligned with high anisotropy to the electric field direction, which is perpendicular to the LDPE film plane. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results reveal that the crystallization degree of the oriented LDPE/MMT composite increases. Moreover, through a broadband dielectric spectroscopy analyzer, it is found that MMT manifests a significantly influence in the dielectric property of the oriented composite: the dielectric constant and loss tangent of the composite both become larger. Analysis shows that the electric field-induced torque caused by the polarization of MMT flakes is the main force inducing the orientation of the MMT flakes.
Investigation of Nanosecond Pulsed Discharge and Its Audio Characteristics in Atmospheric-pressure Air

There was no well-resolved mechanism of audible noise caused by corona discharge on UHV transmission lines. Hence we measured the sound pressure of pulsed discharges between needle-plane electrodes under different discharge conditions in air, for revealing the intrinsic relationship between discharge and its audible noise(AN). The relationship between discharge parameters and audio characte- ristics was drawn from the analysis of the electric and sound signals obtained in experiments. Experiment results showed that nanosecond pulsed discharges produce the sound pressure with a microsecond pulse lagging behind the discharge pulse in their waveforms. The peak value of the sound pulse decreases and its high frequency component gradually attenuates, when the measuring distance from discharges increases. The sound pulses correlate with the discharge current and voltage significantly, especially the current. The audible noise produced by repetitive pulsed discharge increases with the strength, duration, and pulse repetition rate of discharge.
Accelerated Aging Experiment and Remaining Lifetime Analysis of Insulation for CXF Type Cable on Vessels

In order to evaluate the remaining lifetime of shipboard cables, accelerated aging experiments of cable insulation layers were conducted on a test bed, which is developed to simulate the shipboard environment. Two groups of aging experiments (with and without humidity) were conducted, and the elongation at the break of aged cable insulation layer samples was measured. The aging curves of CXF type cable’s insulation layers under 70~90 °C were plotted, based on which a corresponding mathematical models was developed according to Arrhenius theory. Using this mathematic model, the remaining lifetime of CXF type shipboard cable can be predicted. The proposed method is a new way to evaluate cables’ remaining (useful) lifetime.
Development and Application of DC Partial Discharge Test System

Direct current (DC) partial discharge (PD) test has drawn extensive attention from world-wide electric power research institutes in recent years. However, presently, no DC PD detection device on the market has the statistical function. Thus, we developed a test system for PD detection under DC voltage, which is characterized by strong anti-jamming capability, continuous high-speed real-time data acquisi- tion and effective, complete detection of DC PD signals. The DC PD mechanism, as well as the measuring principles, software system, and hardware design of the test equipment were introduced. Adopting typical electrode pairs, we tested the statistical spectrum of PD under DC voltage. The main difference in statistical spectrums between parallel plate electrodes and needle-plate electrodes was that the time interval between two consecutive discharges for needle-plate electrodes has obviously larger variation range than that for parallel plate electrodes, which could be the convincing proof for distinguishing the type of electrodes under DC PD. Practical results indicate that the proposed sys- tem can measure time domain signals of DC PD of oil-paper insulation effectively and promptly, and it can be used to determine and detect defects in DC power transmission equipment.
Investigation of Multilayer Organic Insulation Structure on Surface Flashover Properties and Mechanism in Vacuum

In order to further investigate the surface flashover mechanism in vacuum, the surface flashover and electric field distribution of multilayer organic insulation structure are studied and developed based on the previous studies. The samples of multilayer organic insulation structure are prepared by inserting multilayer organic composite material with different relative permittivity between the electrode and the dielectric. Two multilayer organic insulation structures are prepared in this study. One is the cylindrical samples, the other is 45° samples. The impulse (1.2/50 μs) and DC flashover voltages in vacuum are tested, and the electric field distributions of two insulation structures are analyzed by ANSYS. It is found that these two insulation structure could effectively improve the surface flashover performance in vacuum. The results indicate that the highest impulse first flashover voltage of cylindrical samples reaches 65 kV and increases by 25% under im- pulse voltage. The highest first flashover voltage of /c samples reaches 81 kV and increases by 32% under impulse voltage. The results of electric field simulation demonstrate that different mechanisms exist between 45° insulation structure and cylindrical structure.
Assessing Strategy of Power Transformers Insulation State Based on Part-division and Entropy Method

Failure mechanisms of power transformers are complex and uncertain; it is difficult to determine index weights of insulation state. Therefore, it is a challenge to acquire an accurate assessment of insulation state of power transformers. In this paper, an assessing strategy for transformer insulation is proposed base on part-division of transformer and a comprehensive weight determination method. An index system of transformer is established on the basis of part-division of transformer. Each index’s weight is consisted of two parts, the constant weight and the variable weight, which are determined by improved analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy method respectively. Af- ter categorizing insulation state into four levels and standardizing assessing indexes, a Cauchy membership function is forged, and a fuzzy algorithm is employed to simulate the uncertainty of the insulation state. Finally, a confidence criterion is employed to perform part-division based condition assessment of transformer. Case studies reveal that the proposed assessing strategy method is effective, convenient, and practical; with the new strategy, potential failures of transformers can be forecasted and insulation state of transformer parts can also be as- sessed. Furthermore, the assessing results can be used to guide condition-based maintenance.