mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Deep-penetrating geochemistry of the Tuwu copper deposit, northwestern China

Desert terrains in northern China are covered by widespread regolith sediments which mask geochemical signals from ore bodies and are major obstacles to mineral exploration. There is a critical need to study the vertical distribution of elements in this regolith and to establish optimum sampling and analytical methods. The aim of this study is to understand the dispersion and variation of elements throughout the cover in a vertical profile. The results demonstrate that the main elements show a distribution pattern of enrichment in clay layers in the vertical profile, i.e., most elements tend to be enriched in the most upper part of the profile above the orebodies except for some elements like Cu, Ca and Ag. Meanwhile, both fine (-160 mesh) and coarse (+20 mesh) fraction samples from clay-rich horizons are favorable samples and selective leaching of the elements absorbed on clays or oxide coatings is effective for localizing buried deposits. The distribution of active Cu and Mo is quite different because chalcopyrite is weathered into Cu sulfate and CuCO_3, and is precipitated in alkaline environments in a layer below close to the surface. Mo is soluble in the alkaline environment so it can penetrate the caliche layer and be enriched on the surface of soil enriched with weakly cemented clay.
膳食模式研究方法的进展

平衡膳食能满足人体对能量及各种营养素的需求,是人体健康的基础。膳食模式分析正逐渐成为传统单一营养素或食物研究的补充方法。目前在营养流行病学中使用的膳食模式研究方法主要是"评分法"和"数据驱动法"。了解营养流行病学中膳食模式研究方法的进展,能够帮助我们全面的理解膳食与人体健康的关系。本文对膳食模式研究方法的进展进行了综述。
汉坦病毒二次感染致危重型肾综合征出血热抢救成功一例

讨论肾综合征出血热患者感染汉坦病毒后通常可获持久免疫,二次感染极少。本例患者第1次感染诊断可靠:一是患者当时所处的西安市周至县为陕西省肾综合征出血热高发区,二是发病时有典型的肾综合征出血热临床表现,三是患者2年后入学体格检查抗汉坦病毒IgG抗体阳性。此次患者发病经过及临床表现符合1997年颁布的《流行性出血热防治方案》中的诊断标准,且患者住院后2次查抗汉坦病毒IgM抗体阳性。
急性白血病异基因造血干细胞移植后复发的机制及防治策略

异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)是治愈急性白血病(AL)的重要手段。过去20年来,移植后总生存(OS)率不断提高,主要得益于预处理方案、移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)防治及对症支持治疗的改善。移植相关死亡率(TRM)显著下降,而原发病的复发率并未降低,是移植后死亡最主要的原因。国际骨髓移植登记处(CIBMTR)2008至2009年的研究资料显示,在非血缘供体移植和HLA相合同胞供体移植后患者的死因中,原发病分别占33%和47%。移植前处于难治/复发状态或高水平微小残留病(MRD)的患者移植后复发率更高,可达50%~80%。因此,重视AL复发的机制及防治研究,是进一步改善allo-HSCT疗效,提高AL长期生存率的重要环节。
A 32-gene risk index: a new prognostic approach for prostate cancer progression

Radical prostatectomy (RP) has been a widely accepted and standard treatment for clinically localized and locally advanced prostate cancer. However, effective clinical management of RP patient remains being challenged, given that conventional prognostic factors, including Gleason score, pT stage, surgical margin status and presurgery serum prostatespecific antigen (PSA), cannot correctly predict cancer recurrence after RP. Recently, a robust prognostic model for biochemical recurrence (BCR) and metastasis has been developed by our group at the MGH. This model was a continuous risk index based on the expression of 32 genes and was validated in an independent, blinded cohort of 270 RP patients. In multivariate analyses, the 32-gene risk index model was prognostic for risk of BCR and had added value over the traditional parameters. This model may contribute to accurate postoperative treatment decision and hopefully help patients and doctors make a more reasonable selection at the stage of a positive biopsy.
Research advances on the usage of traditional Chinese medicine for neuroprotection in glaucoma

Progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons is the main pathogenesis of glaucoma. The cause of glaucoma is not fully understood, but the neurodegeneration of glaucoma involves many mechanisms such as oxidative stress, glutamate toxicity and ischemia/reperfusion insult. In order to target these mechanisms, multiple neuroprotective interventions have been investigated to prevent the death of RGCs. Of note are some tonic herbs from the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) pharmacopeia that have shown neuroprotective effects in glaucoma. TCM differs from Western medicine in that TCM exhibits complicated bioactive components, triggering many signaling pathways and extensive actions on vital organs. Modern scientific approaches have demonstrated some of their underlying mechanisms. In this review, we used Lycium barbarum and Ginkgo biloba as examples to elaborate the characteristics of TCM and their potential applications in neuroprotection in glaucoma.
Antineoplastic effects of deoxyelephantopin, a sesquiterpene lactone from Elephantopus scaber, on lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cells

Deoxyelephantopin, a sesquiterpene lactone from Elephantopus scaber, showed inhibition of the growth of various tumor cells in vitro. In the present study, we investigated the cytotoxicity and apoptosis-inducing capacity of deoxyelephantopin on lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cells. METHODS: The cytotoxic effect of deoxyelephantopin on A549 cells and normal lymphocytes was evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) value was determined. The self-renewal and proliferating potential of A549 cells after treatment with deoxyelephantopin were examined by colony formation assay. Cellular morphology of deoxyelephantopin-treated cells was observed using phase-contrast microscopy. The induction of apoptosis was evaluated using acridine orange and ethidium bromide staining, Hoechst 33342 staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay, DNA fragmentation analysis and Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate staining by flow cytometry. Activation of caspases was detected using fluorogenic substrate specific to caspases 2, 3, 8 and 9 and flow cytometric analysis. The total cellular DNA content and expression of cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase was also analyzed. RESULTS: Deoxyelephantopin exhibited cytotoxicity to A549 cells (IC50 = 12.287 μg/mL), however, there was no toxicity towards normal human lymphocytes. Deoxyelephantopin suppressed the colony-forming ability of A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Acridine orange, ethidium bromide and Hoechst 33342 staining showed cell shrinkage, chromosomal condensation and nuclear fragmentation, indicating induction of apoptosis. Deoxyelephantopin increased apoptosis of A549 cells, as evidenced by more TUNEL-positive cells. DNA fragmentation and Annexin V staining revealed late-stage apoptotic cell population. Deoxyelephantopin inhibited A549 cell growth by cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and induced apoptosis through both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that deoxyelephantopin has great potential as a new chemotherapeutic agent to be developed further for the treatment of lung cancer.
双筒缠绕式矿用提升机卷筒结构的优化设计

分析双筒缠绕式提升机卷筒的受力情况,根据卷筒强度约束条件、支轮强度约束条件、卷筒稳定约束条件及主轴强度与刚度约束条件,采用单目标优化和双目标模糊优化方法设计2JK-3/20提升机的卷筒结构,得到优化后的卷筒尺寸和质量参数。单目标优化和双目标模糊优化设计方法得到的卷筒结构数据均优于优化前指标,卷筒质量由1457.3 kg分别降低到1178.94 kg和1179.89 kg。
微弧氧化Ba_xSr_(1-x)TiO_3薄膜微观结构及生长

用分析纯Ba(OH)_2·8H_2O和Sr(OH)_2·8H_2O配制电解液,设置电流密度、电流频率、反应时间和占空比分别为20 A/dm~2、100 Hz、20 min和85%,采用微弧氧化技术在工业纯钛板(99.5%)表面原位生长Ba_xSr_(1-x)TiO_3薄膜。研究电解液总浓度和电解液组分含量对薄膜物相、表面形貌以及薄膜生长的影响。结果表明,所得薄膜具有相同的晶体结构,但电解液总浓度不同薄膜中Ba~(2+)和Sr~(2+)的含量不同,随着电解液总浓度和电解液中Ba(OH)_2含量的增加,薄膜表面粗糙度值增加,薄膜生长速度加快。
LSM-infiltrated LSCF cathodes for solid oxide fuel cells

Mixed ionic-electronic conductors in the family of LaxSr_(1-x)CoyFe_(1-y)O_(3-δ) have been widely studied as cathode materials for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). However, the long-term stability was a concern. Here we report our findings on the effect of a thin film coating of La_(0.85)Sr_(0.15)MnO_(3-δ) (LSM) on the performance of a porous La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(0.2)Fe_(0.8)O_(3-δ) (LSCF) cathode. When the thicknesses of the LSM coatings are appropriate, an LSM-coated LSCF electrode showed better stability and lower polarization (or higher activity) than the blank LSCF cathode without LSM infiltration. An anode-supported cell with an LSM-infiltrated LSCF cathode demonstrated at 825 ℃ a peak power density of ~1.07 W/cm~2, about 24% higher than that of the same cell without LSM infiltration (~0.86 W/cm~2). Further, the LSM coating enhanced the stability of the electrode; there was little degradation in performance for the cell with an LSM-infiltrated LSCF cathode during 100 h operation.
Preparation of modified Ce-SAPO-34 catalysts and their catalytic performances of methanol to olefins

The modified Ce-SAPO-34 catalysts were prepared with three methods, i.e., the liquid ion exchange with air calcination, impregnation with air calcination and impregnation with steam calcination methods. The catalytic performances of the catalysts for methanol to olefins were investigated. The properties of the catalysts were characterized using XRD, BET, XRF, FT-IR and NH_3-TPD. The results indicated that compared to the SAPO-34 catalyst the catalyst prepared with the impregnation and air calcination prolonged the lifetime by 40 min and improved the selectivity to ethylene by 5% (mol) and the catalyst prepared with the impregnation and steam calcination showed the best modification effect, prolonging the lifetime by 70 min and improving the ethylene selectivity by 10% (mol). The catalyst prepared with the liquid ion exchange showed similar behaviour as the SAPO-34 catalyst. It was verified that the porous structure and surface acidity of these catalysts determined their catalytic behaviors.
Quantum chemical analysis for the formation of glycine in the interstellar medium

Glycine (C_2H_5NO_2) was the first amino acid to be detected in space by the stardust space probe in Comet Wild2, and is used by living organisms to make proteins. We discuss three different reaction paths for the formation of glycine in interstellar space from some simpler molecules detected in the interstellar medium. The possibility of the formation of glycine in interstellar space is considered by radical-radical and radical-molecule interaction schemes using quantum chemical calculations with density functional theory at the B3LYP/6-31G (d,p) level. In the chemical pathways we discuss, a few reactions are found to be totally exothermic and barrierless while others are endothermic with a very small reaction barrier, thus giving rise to a high probability of forming glycine in interstellar space.
The IκB family member Bcl-3 stabilizes c-Myc in colorectal cancer

The proto-oncogene c-myc has been thought to play a critical role during the tumor-initiating process in multiple human cancers. Among others, colorectal cancer (CRC) is particularly associated with deregulated expression of c-Myc (Meyer and Penn, 2008; Wilkins and Sansom, 2008). Physiologically, Myc mRNA and protein levels are tightly regulated, and the Myc protein is highly unstable. The high levels of Myc protein in human CRC could be attributed to the altered Myc turnover and aberrant transcriptional activation of the myc genes (Ikegaki et al., 1986; Welcker and Clurman, 2008).
Properties of the UCHII region G25.4NW and its associated molecular cloud

Ultra compact HII (UCHII) G25.4NW is a bright IR source in the region of the inner Galaxy. New HI images from the Very Large Array Galactic Plane Survey show clear absorption features associated with the UCHII region up to 95 km s~(-1), and there are no other absorptions up to the tangential velocity. This reveals that G25.4NW has a near-side distance of 5.7 kpc, and it is located in the region of the inner Galactic molecular ring. Using the new distance, the bolometric luminosity of G25.4NW is estimated as 10~(5.6) L_⊙, which corresponds to an O6 star. It contains 460M_⊙ of ionized gas. A high-resolution ~(13)CO image from the Galactic Ring Survey reveals that G25.4NW is part of a more extended star-forming complex with about 10~4M_⊙ of molecular gas.
电子血压计能否最终替代台式水银血压计?

电子血压计能否最终替代台式水银血压计,笔者持肯定意见。血压测量经过了漫长的阶段。在这一过程中,先辈们也进行了多次变革。例如,从血管内直接测量到无创性血压测量的转变、从水柱到水银柱的更迭。虽然水银柱柯氏音法血压测量已有百年历史,但除去环境污染的因素外,它本身仍不完美。面对水银柱血压计被自动电子血压计替代的问题,不少医生可能存在一些留恋,但更多的医生可能怀疑电子血压计的准确性,能否适合临床应用。国内外学者经过多年的研究证实,符合质量认证的电子血压计是可以胜任的,至少是在绝大多数临床情况下能够胜任。随着对血压检测的要求提高,一些台式水银血压计所不能胜任的事,电子血压计可以做到。例如在诊室中排除白大衣效应,诊室自动血压计能够实现,而台式水银血压计不能;要双臂同步测量血压的时候,同样需要电子血压计登场。应对这一变革,第一要好心理准备,其次做好研究开发,让更好的电子血压计登台亮相。
ON NEARLY-CONTROLLABLE SUBSPACES OF A CLASS OF DISCRETE-TIME BILINEAR SYSTEMS

If a linear time-invariant system is uncontrollable, then the state space can be decomposed as a direct sum of a controllable subspace and an uncontrollable subspace. In this paper, for a class of discrete-time bilinear systems which are uncontrollable but can be nearly controllable, by studying the nearly-controllable subspaces and defining the near-controllability index, the controllability properties of the systems are fully characterized. Examples are provided to illustrate the conceptions and results of the paper.
Statistical method for predicting protein absorption peaks in terahertz region

Terahertz vibrational spectroscopy has recently been demonstrated as a novel noninvasive technique for the characterization of biological molecules. But the interpretation of the experimentally measured terahertz absorption bands requires robust computational method. In this paper, we present a statistical method for predicting the absorption peak positions of a macromolecule in the terahertz region. The essence of this method is to calculate the absorption spectra of a biological molecule based on multiple short scale molecular dynamics trajectories instead of using a long time scale trajectory. The method was employed to calculate the absorption peak positions of the protein, thioredoxin from Escherichia coli (E.coli), in the range of 10-25 cm~(-1) to verify the reliability of this statistical method. The predicted absorption peak positions of thioredoxin show good correlation with measured results demonstrating that the proposed method is effective in terahertz absorption spectra modeling. Such approach can be applied to predict characteristic spectral features of biomolecules in the terahertz region.
Structure of MERS-CoV spike receptor-binding domain complexed with human receptor DPP4

The spike glycoprotein (S) of recently identified Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) targets the cellular receptor, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4). Sequence comparison and modeling analysis have revealed a putative receptor-binding domain (RBD) on the viral spike, which mediates this interaction. We report the 3.0 A-resolution crystal structure of MERS-CoV RBD bound to the extracellular domain of human DPP4. Our results show that MERS-CoV RBD consists of a core and a receptor-binding subdomain. The receptor-binding subdomain interacts with DPP4 β-propeller but not its intrinsic hydrolase domain. MERS-CoV RBD and related SARS-CoV RBD share a high degree of structural similarity in their core subdomains, but are notably divergent in the receptor-binding subdomain. Mutagenesis studies have identified several key residues in the receptor-binding subdomain that are critical for viral binding to DPP4 and entry into the target cell. The atomic details at the interface between MERS-CoV RBD and DPP4 provide structural understanding of the virus and receptor interaction, which can guide development of therapeutics and vaccines against MERS-CoV infection.
IgG4相关淋巴结病一例

IgG4相关硬化性疾病的发病机制目前所知甚少,本质上可能是自身免疫性的,具体发病机制有待进一步深入研究.本病总体预后较好,糖皮质激素为一线治疗药物.明确诊断有助于指导治疗,避免不必要的手术.
《跨边界资源管理》书评

本书的出版必将激发研究跨边界资源管理和规划的学者们的灵感。这本书基于理论原理、巧妙的方法和深入的研究案例进行了清晰的阐述。学者、政府官员和土地规划师能够从中得到启发并获得最佳的跨边界实践手段。
Current concept in first metatarsophalangeal joint replacement

First metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) degenerative diseases are not rare pathological changes in adult forefoot.~(1, 2) It mainly includes hallux rigidus, hallux limitus and hallux valgus.~3 Its progressive nature makes it hardly respond well to conservative treatment.~4 Traditional surgical techniques, such as cheilectomy, Keller resection and arthrodesis are effective procedures but remain controversial due to none of them can achieve excellent results in all patients especially the end-stage conditions.~(5-7) Thus, great amount of efforts have been dedicated in MTPJ replacement despite many negative reports. This technique has aroused many controversies over the past decades due to its prematurity. Nevertheless, it has been improved in many aspects such as prosthesis material, design as well as surgical indications. This review would not only update the advancements and recognitions in recent years, but also presented the major disputed areas.
耳针与体针结合治疗慢性荨麻疹42例

慢性荨麻疹是以反复出现风团伴瘙痒为特征的皮肤科常见病,其临床表现为大小不一的风团,圆形或不规则形,色红或略带苍白,瘙痒剧烈。风团发无定处,存在数分钟至数小时后自行消退,常在一定时期内反复发作,超过一月者称为慢性荨麻疹。由于其病因复杂,发病机制不明,大多数患者不能找到确切的病因,缺乏特异性治疗药物,治疗棘手,常反复发作。笔者近年来采用耳针与体针结合治疗慢性荨麻疹42例,现报道如下。
Nickel-Catalyzed ortho-Selective Hydrodefluorination of N-Containing Heterocycle-Polyfluoroarenes

An effective and facile method for preparation of partially fluorinated aromatics via Nickel catalyzed, chelation-assisted ortho selective hydrodefluorination of polyfluoroarnes with triethylsilane has been developed, in which N-containing heterocycles were used as directing groups. The advantage of this protocol is its simple catalytic system with use of inexpensive and readily available NiCl_2·6H_2O as a catalyst.
Root characteristics of Alhagi sparsifolia seedlings in response to water supplement in an arid region,northwestern China

The effect of variation in water supply on woody seedling growth in arid environments remain poorly known.The subshrub Alhagi sparsifolia Shap.(Leguminosae),distributed in the southern fringe of the Taklimakan Desert,Xinjiang,northwestern China,has evolved deep roots and is exclusively dependent on groundwater,and performs a crucial role for the local ecological safety.In the Cele oasis,we studied the responses of A.sparsifolia seedling roots to water supplement at 10 and 14 weeks under three irrigation treatments(none water supply of 0 m~3/m~2(NW),middle water supply of 0.1 m~3/m~2(MW),and high water supply of 0.2 m~3/m~2(HW)).The results showed that the variations of soil water content(SWC) significantly influenced the root growth of A.sparsifolia seedlings.The leaf area,basal diameter and crown diameter were significantly higher in the HW treatment than in the other treatments.The biomass,root surface area(RSA),root depth and relative growth rate(RGR) of A.sparsifolia roots were all significantly higher in the NW treatment than in the HW and MW treatments at 10 weeks.However,these root parameters were significantly lower in the NW treatment than in the other treatments at 14 weeks.When SWC continued to decline as the experiment went on(until less than 8% gravimetric SWC),the seedlings still showed drought tolerance through morphological and physiological responses,but root growth suffered serious water stress compared to better water supply treatments.According to our study,keeping a minimum gravimetric SWC of 8% might be important for the growth and establishment of A.sparsifolia during the early growth stage.These results will not only enrich our knowledge of the responses of woody seedlings to various water availabilities,but also provide a new insight to successfully establish and manage A.sparsifolia in arid environments,further supporting the sustainable development of oases.
Desertification dynamic and the relative roles of climate change and human activities in desertification in the Heihe River Basin based on NPP

Relative roles of climate change and human activities in desertification are the hotspot of research on desertification dynamic and its driving mechanism.To overcome the shortcomings of existing studies,this paper selected net primary productivity(NPP) as an indicator to analyze desertification dynamic and its impact factors.In addition,the change trends of actual NPP,potential NPP and HNPP(human appropriation of NPP,the difference between potential NPP and actual NPP) were used to analyze the desertification dynamic and calculate the relative roles of climate change,human activities and a combination of the two factors in desertification.In this study,the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)-Normalised Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI) and meteorological data were utilized to drive the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach(CASA) model to calculate the actual NPP from 2001 to 2010 in the Heihe River Basin.Potential NPP was estimated using the Thornthwaite Memorial model.Results showed that 61% of the whole basin area underwent land degradation,of which 90.5% was caused by human activities,8.6% by climate change,and 0.9% by a combination of the two factors.On the contrary,1.5% of desertification reversion area was caused by human activities and 90.7% by climate change,the rest 7.8% by a combination of the two factors.Moreover,it was demonstrated that 95.9% of the total actual NPP decrease was induced by human activities,while 69.3% of the total actual NPP increase was caused by climate change.The results revealed that climate change dominated desertification reversion,while human activities dominated desertification expansion.Moreover,the relative roles of both climate change and human activities in desertification possessed great spatial heterogeneity.Additionally,ecological protection policies should be enhanced in the Heihe River Basin to prevent desertification expansion under the condition of climate change.
Responses of vegetation cover to the Grain for Green Program and their driving forces in the He-Long region of the middle reaches of the Yellow River

The implementation of the Grain for Green Program is a great breakthrough in the history of China’s ecological environment construction,which can control soil erosion effectively,increase land productivity and improve the ecological environment.To investigate the eco-environmental benefits brought by the Grain for Green Program,the spatiotemporal variations of vegetation cover in the growing season from 2000 to 2010 across the Hekou-Longmen(He-Long) region were analyzed by using remote sensing information,meteorological data and land use data.Moreover,the impacts of climate and human activities on vegetation change were evaluated objectively.Annual vegetation cover in the growing season increased very significantly.Increased vegetation cover occurred in 98.7% of the region,of which the area for vegetation cover improved slightly constituted 79.8% of the whole area.Vegetation moderately improved was mainly distributed in the south of the He-Long region,covering 9.6% of the area,and the area for vegetation basically unchanged concentrated in the middle and upper reaches of the Wuding River.Precipitation was found to be an important natural factor influencing vegetation cover change.The area of vegetation cover showing a significantly positive correlation with precipitation occupied 22.14% of the region.As driven by policies from the Grain for Green Program,forestland increased significantly and land use structure became more intensive.Human activities played a positive and effective role in the protection,restoration and improvement of vegetation in the places where vegetation cover was basically unchanged,even though precipitation declined greatly,and vegetation improved moderately with massive increases of forestland and grassland.