mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
窄谱中波紫外线对银屑病的疗效及外周血IL-17和IL-23的影响

目的研究窄谱中波紫外线(NB-UVB)对寻常型银屑病患者外周血中IL-17和IL-23的影响,探讨NB-UVB治疗银屑病的作用机理,为NB-UVB的临床应用提供理论基础。方法选取寻常型银屑病患者52例及门诊健康体检人员40例,将其分为观察组和正常对照组。观察组所有患者均采用NB-UVB照射治疗,依据患者的皮肤反应制订个体化照射治疗方案,隔日一次,共20次。利用ELISA法分别于光疗前、光疗10次后和光疗20次后对患者的银屑病皮损面积及严重指数(PSAI)和外周血中IL-17、IL-23的水平进行检测,并与正常对照组同时间的结果进行比较。结果观察组患者光疗10次时PASI评分为(14.91 ±1.10)分,与光疗前PASI评分(24.21 ±7.03)分相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 01);光疗20次后PASI评分为(10.54 ±1.09)分,症状明显改善,与光疗10次时相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。光疗前,观察组外周血中IL-17和IL-23的水平分别为(79.4 ±15.1) ng/L和(429 ±193) ng/L,对照组相应指标水平则为(19.4 ± 12. 2) ng/L和(189 ± 74) ng/L,观察组患者外周血中IL-17和IL-23的水平高于正常对照组(P < 0. 05);光疗10次后,观察组外周血中IL-17和IL-23的水平分别为(59.3 ± 10. 5) ng/L和(318 ± 93) ng/L,与治疗前相比下降,差异有统计学意义(P < 0. 05);光疗20次后,观察组上述指标下降至(33. 2 ± 14. 2) ng/L和(256 ± 48)ng/L,接近但仍高于正常对照组水平,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论NB-UVB照射可有效改善银屑病的疗效并降低外周血中IL-17和IL-23的水平,间接起到调节银屑病患者免疫状态的作用。
环境内分泌干扰物与肥胖流行的关系

肥胖症(obesity)是遗传因素与环境因素共同作用所致的营养代谢障碍性疾病,全球范围内肥胖的流行已成为当代最主要的公共卫生问题。肥胖症不仅可引起自卑、焦虑和抑郁等心理问题,还是高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、脑卒中、乳腺癌等多种疾病和癌症发生的重要危险因素。尽管肥胖发病的核心机制是能量摄入和消耗的不平衡,但是过去30年全球肥胖率上升之快绝不仅仅源于过多的食物摄入和运动减少。近些年,国外研究发现某些环境内分泌干扰物(environmental endocrine-disrupting chemical,EDC)可能引发肥胖,或与肥胖存在相关性。已有学者综述了2007年以前EDC与肥胖发生发展关系的研究,而考虑到全球肥胖流行问题的突出性,EDC促进肥胖流行的观点日益引起国际学术界的关注,是最近几年的研究热点。笔者将重点阐述国内外最新的研究进展,并分析所面临的问题,对未来的研究方向提出一些观点和建议。
儿童夜间支气管哮喘

夜间支气管哮喘(哮喘)是哮喘的一种普遍现象和哮喘的一种重要临床表型。夜间哮喘的发生是哮喘控制不佳或病情更为严重的表现,严重影响哮喘儿童身心健康。因此,应掌握儿童夜间哮喘的临床特征,重视儿童夜间哮喘的诊断, 在治疗上应根据哮喘的夜间变化规律, 做相应的时间和剂量调整, 对哮喘夜间疾病状态的研究有助于对哮喘的整体认识和治疗。
Taiwan' Chi-Chi Earthquake Precursor Detection Using Nonlinear Principal Component Analysis to Multi-Channel Total Electron Content Records

This research uses eigenvalue characteristics of nonlinear principal component analysis (NLPCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) to investigate total electron content (TEC) anomalies associated with Taiwan's Chi-Chi earthquake of 21 September 1999 (LT) (M_w=7.6). The transforms are used for ionospheric TEC from 01 August to 20 September 1999 (local time) using data from 13 GPS receivers. The data were collected at 22°N-26°N Lat. and 120°E-122°E Long.. Applying the NLPCA to the multi-channel total electron content records of GPS receivers, the earthquake-associated TEC anomalies were represented by large principal eigenvalues of NLPCA (>0.5 in a normalized set) on 14 August and 17, 18, and 20 September, with allowance given for the Dst index, which was quiet for the study period. Comparisons were then made with other researchers who also found TEC anomalies on September 17, 18, and 19 associated with the Chi-Chi earthquake, which cannot be detected by PCA. Consideration is also given for reported ground level geomagnetic field activity that occurred between mid-August and late October, leading up to and including the Chi-Chi and Chia-Yi earthquakes, which are associated with the same series of faults. It is possible that Aug. 14 is representative of an earthquake-associated TEC anomaly. This is an interesting result given how much earlier than the earthquake it occurred.
Semiclassical Ballistic Transport through a Circular Microstructure in Weak Magnetic Fields

We study magneto-transport through a weakly open circular microstructure in the perpendicular weak magnetic fields by a semiclassical approximation within the framework of the Fraunhofer diffraction effect at the lead openings. It is found that the peak positions of the transmission power spectrum can be related to simple trajec-tories according to classical dynamics. Moreover, we formulate the fluctuations in the transmission amplitude as functions of both the wave number k and the magnetic field B in terms of different classical trajectories, and the Aharonov-Bohm phase of the directed areas enclosed by these trajectories that reflect the quantum interference effect.
A Quantum Communication Protocol Transferring Unknown Photons Using Path-Polarization Hybrid Entanglement

We propose a protocol for transferring photons of unknown states to a distant location using path-polarization hybrid entanglement. Our protocol uses a polarizing beam splitter (PBS), a beam splitter (BS), a CNOT-operation, four unitary operations and polarizing detectors. In our protocol, the hybrid entangled states are generated by the PBS, and it is transmitted through the quantum channel containing the BS and CNOT-gate. The measurement results of the polarizing detectors and classical communications determine which unitary operation will be used in the last step for recovering initial states. The security of the channel in transmitting unknown photons between two parties is confirmed by the results of the measurement of each target photon in the control mode.
Application of a self adaptivemethod to the simulation of the tidal front in the Huanghai Sea

A self adaptive three-dimensional baroclinic model is designed. A horizontal temperature gradient is used to control the grid size, which can improve computational precision in the fronts without inordinately increasing computation in the whole area. A simulation of the development and disappearance of the front in the Huanghai Sea is conducted with thismodel. Simulations of temperature distribution throughout the year are also conducted. The computational result agrees well with the observation.
血清尿酸水平与帕金森病认知功能障碍的关系

目的:探讨帕金森病患者血清尿酸水平与临床分期、认知功能障碍的关系。方法:收集帕金森病组及对照组各55例,测定帕金森病综合评分量表Ⅲ,进行Hoehn-Yahr分期、蒙特利尔认知评估量表(Montreal cognitive assessment,MoCA)测定;两组均测定空腹静脉血清尿酸值,并对结果进行统计学分析。结果:帕金森病组血清尿酸水平明显低于对照组(P<0.01);帕金森病组Hoehn-Yahr分期各期的血清尿酸水平无等级相关性(rs=0.065,P>0.05);各期帕金森病患者的血清尿酸水平均低于对照组(P<0.05);帕金森病组中有认知功能障碍组和无认知功能障碍组的MoCA量表分值相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论:帕金森病患者血清尿酸水平降低是帕金森病的危险因素之一,但不能用来评定疾病严重程度,MoCA量表可较好地判定帕金森病认知功能障碍。
Phenomenon and Mechanism of High Temperature Low Plasticity in High-Cr Nickel-based Superalloy

Cr is the most important element in nickel-based alloys to prevent high temperature oxidation and corrosion. However, high-Cr content will lead to a decline of hot workability which limits the addition of Cr for most nickel-based superalloys. In order to add more Cr into Ni-based alloy for improving high temperature oxidation and corrosion resistance, the poor hot workability of high-Cr alloy must be first solved. Deformation characteristic of a high-Cr nickel-based alloy (40 wt% Cr) under hot compression conditions at 800-1200℃ has been investigated by using a Gleeble 3500 machine, and the microstructural evolution during hot working process has been observed by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that a high-temperature low-plasticity (HTLP) region exists in this high-Cr nickel-based alloy. This phenomenon can be attributed to its non-uniform interdendritic microstructure at high temperatures. These results can explain the poor hot workability of high-Cr nickel-based alloy.
Preparation of Cauliflower-like ZnO Films by Chemical Bath Deposition: Photovoltaic Performance and Equivalent Circuit of Dye-sensitized Solar Cells

The uniform cauliflower-like ZnO films were deposited on the conducting substrate by a chemical bath deposition in urea/water solution. The film structure and morphology were characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric differential thermal analysis, energy dispersive spectroscopy, selected area electron diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy and high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The average diameter of ZnO nanoparticles and the petal thickness were 25 nm and 8 mm, respectively. Dyesensitized solar cells based on the cauliflower-like ZnO film electrode showed the short-circuit current density of 6.08 mA/cm2, the open-circuit photovoltage of 0.66 V, the fill factor of 0.55 and the overall conversion efficiency of 2.18%. The equivalent circuit of cells based on the ZnO film electrodes was measured by the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Furthermore, the analysis of equivalent circuit provided the relationship between the cell performance and the interfacial resistance, such as the shunt resistance and the series resistance.
国内稀土产业发展不对称现象初探

稀土资源的开发应用水平已经成为衡量一个国家综合实力的重要标志。然而,稀土产业的发展在促进经济社会发展的同时,与之相伴的资源和环境问题也日益突出。稀土这个小产业,关系到国家安全的大战略。文中对我国稀土产业发展中资源储量、产量与出口量的不对称,价值与价格的不对称,产品结构与科技含量的不对称以及调控政策与调控效果的不对称现象进行了探析,提出了关于稀土发展不对称现象,中国人均稀土资源量不高,稀土完整产业链等概念和观点,为促进有利于我国稀土产业持续健康发展的研究和实践提供了新的视角。
婴儿结节性多动脉炎致心包填塞死亡1例

1案例资料简要案情男婴,4月龄。因"咳嗽、呕吐10余天"于2011年11月1日入院,诊断:支气管炎;急性肠炎;呕吐原因待查(先天性肥厚性幽门狭窄?肠梗阻?)。入院后给予抗感染、对症支持治疗,呕吐、咳嗽症状减轻,但仍反复发热。11月6日22时30分许突然出现抽气样呼吸,经抢救无效死亡。
室间隔缺损修补术后并发颅内出血死亡1例

1案例资料临床资料摘要胡某,男,4岁。2012年3月19日以"发现心脏杂音4年"之主诉入院。入院查体:胸骨左缘心前区第3、4肋间闻及3/6级收缩期杂音;心动超声显示:先天性心脏病,膜周型室间隔缺损;X线显示:右心室增大。3月27日在全麻低温体外循环下行室间隔缺损修补术。体外循环总转流时间35min,升主动脉和腔静脉阻闭时间分别为9min和16min;肝素用量60mg,测激活全血凝固时间为575s。术中见:室间隔缺损部位膜周型,缺损大小为2mm。术后予以抗感染、抗凝等对症治疗,患儿呼吸、循环稳定4月1日出院。4月4日晚患儿出现恶心、呕吐,次日上午再次入院,未及明确诊断,患儿突然死亡。
药物过敏性休克死亡法医学分析21例

1案例资料1.1一般资料基本情况本组21例敏性休克死亡案例资料来源于四川华西法医学鉴定中心2005年—2011年受理的鉴定案例。男性18例,女性3例;平均年龄43.7岁。
Effect of Aspiration and Mean Gain on the Emergence of Cooperation in Unidirectional Pedestrian Flow

When more than one pedestrian want to move to the same site,conflicts appear and thus the involved pedestrians play a motion game.In order to describe the emergence of cooperation during the conflict resolving process,an evolutionary cellular automation model is established considering the effect of aspiration and mean gain.In each game,pedestrian may be gentle cooperator or aggressive defector.We propose a set of win-stay-lose-shrift WSLS like rules for updating pedestrian’s strategy.These rules prescribe that if the mean gain of current strategy between some given steps is larger than aspiration the strategy keeps,otherwise the strategy changes.The simulation results show that a high level aspiration will lead to more cooperation.With the increment of the statistic length,pedestrians will be more rational in decision making.It is also found that when the aspiration level is small enough and the statistic length is large enough all the pedestrian will turn to defectors.We use the prisoner’s dilemma model to explain it.At last we discuss the effect of aspiration on fundamental diagram.
New Similarity Reduction Solutions for the(2+1)-Dimensional Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov Equation

In this paper,some new formal similarity reduction solutions for the(2+1)-dimensional Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov equation are derived.Firstly,we derive the similarity reduction of the NNV equation with the optimal system of the admitted one-dimensional subalgebras.Secondly,by analyzing the reduced equation,three types of similarity solutions are derived,such as multi-soliton like solutions,variable separations solutions,and KdV type solutions.
天宝监测系统及其核心Trimble 4D Control软件

一、引言随着社会的发展、经济的建设,以及环境的变迁等,各行各业对监测的需求日益上升。老化的基础设施、施工项目对周围建筑物的影响、自然灾害事件等,都使人们提高了对可能发生位移的认知,并正在产生着监测这类位移的需求。
关于楼梯建筑面积测绘计算相关问题的探讨

随着我国经济的蓬勃发展,城镇商品房的设计形式出现了综合化的趋势,新的设计样式层出不穷。重点对房产测绘中楼梯建筑面积计算的若干问题进行分析探讨,并提出实际工作中的解决方法及一些建议。
地面三维激光扫描仪的自检校模型研究

为使点云测量数据达到最大精度,必须对地面三维激光扫描仪进行检校。通过理论模拟测试,分析6个误差因子对扫描点坐标的影响,并进行模拟数值的检校模型验证。最后通过实例计算证明经检校后检查点点位精度提高,因此说明该方法能有效提高扫描仪的测量精度。
提高西部矿业沸腾焙烧炉焙砂可溶锌率的措施

介绍西部矿业股份有限公司80 m~2沸腾焙烧炉生产情况,分析影响焙砂可溶锌率的因素,介绍为提高可溶锌率所采取的措施及其效果。
丙泊酚复合小剂量芬太尼或咪达唑仑在无痛胃镜检查中的效果和安全性比较

胃镜检查是近年来广泛开展的一项诊疗技术,然而在放置胃镜和检查的过程中,严重的咽喉部反应及食管和胃部的牵拉反应常诱发恶心、呕吐、呛咳甚至躁动,无痛胃镜检查应运而生。目前,国内已将丙泊酚复合芬太尼及丙泊酚复合咪达唑仑静脉麻醉用于胃镜检查。本研究通过观察丙泊酚复合芬太尼和丙泊酚复合咪达唑仑用于无痛胃镜检查中的情况,比较芬太尼与咪达唑仑在麻醉诱导和麻醉维持中的效果和安全性。
基于家居型温控负荷的孤立微电网频率控制方法

频率是维持微电网在孤岛运行状态下稳定运行的关键因素.需求侧响应技术的快速发展为孤立微电网的频率控制提供了一种新的解决方案.本文以电冰箱为例, 提出一种适用于家居型温控负荷的变参与度需求侧分散控制策略, 以协同储能系统进行孤立微电网的频率控制.该控制策略可充分发挥温控负荷的快速响应特性, 受控冰箱根据当地频率测量信号迅速做出响应决策, 动态调整冰箱工作周期, 同时通过引入与频率波动幅度成正比的用户参与度, 使冰箱在实现微电网频率响应的同时充分计及终端用户的用能舒适度, 提高了用户的主动参与性.最后, 在DIg SILENT商业软件中搭建了Benchmark低压微电网算例, 仿真结果验证了本文变参与度的需求侧分散控制策略提高微电网频率控制效果的有效性, 并在保证用户用能舒适度的同时, 有效减小对储能装置的容量需求.
顿悟类问题解决中思维僵局的动态时间特性

顿悟问题的核心特征在于思维僵局, 即解题者主观上不知如何推进解题进程的心理状态.尽管对顿悟问题解决的神经机制已有较多研究, 却很少有研究对顿悟问题解决过程中思维僵局的时间进程进行探讨.本研究运用高时间分辨率脑事件相关电位技术(ERP)对顿悟问题解决过程中思维僵局的动态时间进程进行了考察, 实验记录了有思维僵局和无思维僵局问题的锁时事件相关电位, 其中, 问题类型是根据被试的有无遭遇思维僵局的主观反应确定的.研究显示, 早期的散布在额中央区的P2成分主要与思维僵局前意识性的元认知觉察有关, P3a主要与思维僵局所引发的注意聚焦有关.这些结果表明, 思维僵局虽在晚期才完全形成, 但在一个相对较早的阶段就已经启动, 此外元认知在顿悟问题解题过程中思维僵局的监控方面扮演重要作用.
一次性负压吸引瓶在负压封闭引流技术的临床应用

负压封闭引流(VSD)作为负压创面治疗的关键技术, 广泛应用于创伤骨科的严重软组织损伤、骨筋膜室综合征、骨髓炎、手足外科等各类急慢性创面, 并取得了良好的疗效。目前临床常用的引流瓶是旧式负压吸引瓶, 该瓶使用后需清洗、消毒, 再重复使用。此操作过程费时费力, 十分麻烦, 增加了护理工作量;长期反复使用易引起医院内交叉感染。我科于2011年7月将一次性负压吸引瓶应用于负压封闭引流技术, 减轻了护理工作量, 并有效地防止了医医院感染的发生。现报道如下。
糖尿病专科护士的职业危害与防护

血糖监测和胰岛素注射导致糖尿病专科护士每天均要反复接触患者的血液, 直接受到交叉感染和针头刺伤的威胁, 因此做好糖尿病专科护士的职业防护尤为重要。
基于CFD分析的预作用灭火系统可用充水时间研究

从CFD(计算流体动力学)数值分析的角度, 研究了预作用自动喷水灭火系统和预作用泡沫-水喷淋系统的可用充水时间。首先分析了国内外相关规范对预作用系统充水时间的要求, 然后针对不同顶棚高度、火源位置、火灾模式及喷头公称动作温度, 共设置了41个火灾场景, 采用CFD软件, 对闭式喷头和火灾探测系统的动作时间进行了分析, 得到了系统的可用充水时间。分析结果表明, 对于A类火灾场所, 当火源位于喷头下方附近时, 容易出现喷头开启而管道未充满水的情况;对于B类火灾场所, 在泡沫-水喷淋系统的喷头动作温度不低于121℃, 充水时间不大于1min的情况下, 基本可以保证喷头开启前, 系统管道充满泡沫混合液。
干预前后剖宫产围术期抗菌药物应用比较

目的:比较干预前后剖宫产围术期抗菌药物应用状况, 促进合理用药。方法:随机抽取干预前1个月、干预后3个月、12个月各150份病例进行比较分析, 对抗菌药物品种、联合用药、给药时机、疗程、使用强度、费用进行统计。结果:干预后抗菌药物的品种选择以一代、二代头孢为主, 仅高危产妇联合应用甲硝唑, 结扎脐带后给药, 疗程已基本控制在24h内, 抗菌药物用药强度和费用下降, 而并发症和不良反应发生率并未增加。结论:通过临床药师干预, 我院剖宫产围手术期抗菌药物应用已基本合理。
酒精性肝病辨治心得

中医辨治酒精性肝病(ALD)当从病位和病性两个方面入手。首先注重辨病位, ALD的病位在肝、胆, 涉及脾、胃、肾。酒毒可直接导致肝胆湿热或肝气郁结, 损伤肝肾之阴, 强调重在治肝、胆, 以清肝调肝、养肝柔肝为主;同时指出脾胃虚弱、肝肾亏虚也是其发生发展的重要因素。其次注重辨病性, 区分酒毒性质, 有湿毒、热毒、瘀毒、痰毒、水毒等毒邪之分, 并可兼夹出现。后期正气虚衰, 虚实错杂。
《伤寒论》治疗禁忌思想与辨证论治关系刍议

《伤寒论》治疗禁忌的理论是根据患者的体质、误治及其程度、药物的毒性和自然界气候的变化等因素, 在临床实践中总结出来的, 治疗禁忌的思想贯穿于辨证论治的全过程。为使机体之阴阳在新的条件下趋于新的平衡统一, 邪实者应以驱邪为主, 正虚者应以扶正为主, 虚实夹杂者应补泻兼施。随病情变化, 或随证加减, 或饮食调养, 善自珍摄, 总以"阴阳自和"为目的, 这对辨治一切疾病都具有指导意义。
显色培养基和传统XLD培养基检测沙门菌效果比较

沙门菌是肠杆菌科的重要致病菌属, 也是引起细菌性食物中毒的主要致病菌之一, 因此, 寻找一种快速准确鉴定沙门菌的检测方法尤显重要。目前国内沙门菌检测仍以常规分离培养、生化鉴定为主, 而生化鉴定的前提就是在选择性平板上挑取可疑单菌落。木糖赖氨酸脱氧胆盐琼脂(XLD)、沙门菌属显色培养基是食品安全国家标准推荐使用的两种选择性培养基。相对于显色培养基,XLD培养基仅适用于沙门菌选择性分离培养,不能特异性鉴定沙门菌。显色培养基由于添加了特异的显色底物组合,直接观察菌落颜色就可对菌种做出鉴定,特别是能与常规检测方法较好地接轨而越来越受到国内外的关注。为了解显色培养基在实际工作中的应用效果,特以HKM沙门菌显色培养基(简称HKSal)和传统XLD培养基对不同食品样品的分离效果进行比较分析,为显色培养基的广泛应用提供借鉴。
三疣梭子蟹软壳蟹主要营养成分分析与评价

软壳蟹是指蜕壳后尚未硬化的蟹。关于三疣梭子蟹的营养成分的研究, 苏秀榕等最早分析了三疣梭子蟹雌雄生殖腺及肌肉的营养成分。徐善良等分析野生与养殖三疣梭子蟹成体肌肉、肝胰腺和卵巢的营养成分。到目前为止, 尚未见关于软壳蟹营养成分研究的相关报道。因此, 本文分析了三疣梭子蟹软壳蟹营养成分, 以期为软壳蟹开发提供理论参考。
Use of various CT imaging methods for diagnosis of acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease

Thirty-four patients with cerebral infarction and 18 patients with transient ischemic attack were examined by multi-slice spiral CT scan,CT perfusion imaging,and CT angiography within 6 hours after onset.By CT perfusion imaging,29 cases in the cerebral infarction group and 10 cases in the transient ischemic attack group presented with abnormal blood flow perfusion,which corresponded to the clinical symptoms.By CT angiography,various degrees of vascular stenosis could be detected in 41 patients,including 33 in the cerebral infarction group and eight in the transient ischemic attack group.The incidence of intracranial artery stenosis was higher than that of extracranial artery stenosis.The intracranial artery stenosis was located predominantly in the middle cerebral artery and carotid artery siphon,while the extracranial artery stenosis occurred mainly in the bifurcation of the common carotid artery and the opening of the vertebral artery.There were 34 cases (83%)with convict vascular stenosis and perfusion abnormalities,and five cases (45%)with perfusion abnormalities but without convict vascular stenosis.The incidence of cerebral infarction in patients with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores ≥ 5 points during onset was significantly higher than that in patients with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores < 5 points.These experimental findings indicate that the combined application of various CT imaging methods allows early diagnosis of acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease,which can comprehensively analyze the pathogenesis and severity of acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease at the morphological and functional levels.
Three-dimensional structure of axonal mitochondria reflects the age of drosophila

This study aimed to reconstruct a three-dimensional map of axonal mitochondria using Fiji and Neurolucida software,and to observe directly the morphology and distribution of mitochondria in axons of motor neurons in dorsal longitudinal flight muscles of drosophila aged 5 days and 20 days,using electron microscopy.Results indicated that there was no difference in the total area and volume of mitochondria between 5-day-old drosophila and 20-day-old drosophila in all sections,but the ratio of mitochondrial total areas to axon total areas,as well as mitochondrial density of 20-day-old drosophila,was lower than that of 5-day-old drosophila.The number of mitochondria,whose volume was less than 1 000 000 μm~3,and between 1 000 000 μm~3 and 10 000 000 μm~3,was higher in 20-day-old drosophila than that in 5-day-old drosophila.The number of mitochondria with a volume between 1 000 000 μm~3 and 100 000 000 μm~3 was apparently higher than those with a volume less than 1 000 000 μm~3 or larger than 100 000 000 μm~3.In addition,the number of mitochondria with a volume more than 100 000 000 μm~3 was small;however,the volume was nearly 70% of the total volume in both 5-day-old and 20-day-old drosophila.In contrast,the number of mitochondria with a volume between 1 000 000 μm~3 and 10 000 000 μm~3 was large,but the volume was less than 30% of the total volume.These experimental findings suggest that changes in mitochondrial morphology and number in motor neurons from the dorsal longitudinal muscle of drosophila are present during different ages.
全腹腔镜贲门周围血管离断术中血管处理技巧

贲门周围血管离断术疗效确切、创伤小、手术死亡率低、操作简单,目前仍为治疗肝硬化门静脉高压症并发上消化道出血的重要手术方式。腹腔镜下贲门周围血管离断术中血管的处理是手术成功的关键。我们自2007年6月至2012年8月为53例肝硬化并门静脉高压症患者行腹腔镜下贲门周围血管离断术,效果良好。现报告如下。
空蝶鞍综合征

空蝶鞍1951年Busch在尸检发现蝶鞍解剖异常,1968年Kaufman在人体得到证实,后陆续报道在人体出现特征性的临床症状称为空蝶鞍综合征。其病因复杂,涉及眼科、脑外科、妇产科及影像科等多学科的疾病。眼科出现视力和视野进行性改变,眼底视乳头水肿,最终导致视神经萎缩,脑外科出现高颅压症状,脑垂体功能低下,妇产科出现内分泌失调等症状。随着MRI的应用,此病有增高趋势。近年来,由于不断探讨,早期发现,早期治疗,避免晚期出现不可逆的改变。文中就蝶鞍的解剖、病理、空蝶鞍综合征的临床,诊断及治疗做一初步综合介绍。
原发性虹膜睫状体囊肿的研究进展

目的原发虹膜睫状体囊肿是葡萄膜的良性肿瘤。其发病机制仅是一种推论,建立在病理学结果基础上。UBM设备的应用为临床诊断提供了重要的依据。治疗方式包括保守及手术治疗,各有其优缺点,至今仍无公认的统一治疗方案。文中就原发性虹膜睫状体囊肿的研究进展进行归纳梳理,旨在加深对虹膜睫状体囊肿的认识。
玻璃体切割术治疗严重眼外伤的疗效

眼外伤是临床中常见的致盲眼病之一,其中严重眼外伤病情严重,预后较差,主要包括常规方法难以取出的球内异物、视网膜脱离合并脉络膜脱离、全周睫状体脱离、外伤感染后眼内炎、外伤性脉络膜上腔出血及致密玻璃体积血、增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变(PVR)及外伤后无光感者。玻璃体切割术开展30余年,已广泛应用于眼外伤的治疗,对于传统观念上需摘除眼球的严重眼外伤,带来了进一步治疗的希望。
自噬抑制剂3-甲基腺嘌呤对顺铂诱导肺癌A549细胞凋亡的影响

目的探讨自噬抑制剂3-甲基腺嘌呤(3-MA)对顺铂(DDP)诱导肺癌A549细胞凋亡的影响。方法用MTT法检测药物最适浓度和作用时间,以及不同组肺癌A549细胞增殖率;通过MDC染色法将细胞染色检测自噬空泡的变化;Hoechst33342染色检测细胞形态变化;流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率。结果DDP作用于A549细胞后细胞增殖率明显下降,并在细胞内可见大量自噬空泡及细胞核染色质凝聚。3-MA和DDP联合作用组细胞增殖率较单独应用DDP组明显下降,细胞自噬水平降低,细胞凋亡率明显增加。结论DDP能诱导肺癌A549细胞发生自噬和凋亡,而抑制自噬可以促进DDP诱导的细胞凋亡。
降钙素及七叶皂甙钠治疗老年腰椎管狭窄症的疗效

腰椎管狭窄症是一组临床病理症候群,是腰椎管和神经根管狭窄引起的椎管内神经和血管受压及神经功能障碍,其主要症状为间歇性跛行及腰腿痛,治疗方法包括手术和非手术治疗,多数患者不愿接受或不能耐受手术治疗,而传统的保守治疗效果欠佳。我科自2007年1月以来对腰椎管狭窄症患者在传统的康复治疗基础上给予鲑鱼降钙素及七叶皂甙钠治疗取得了良好的疗效。
核心蛋白聚糖对HepG2细胞表皮生长因子受体转导蛋白及Ras/Raf信号通路的影响

目的将核心蛋白聚糖(DCN)真核表达载体转染到HepG2中并检测其表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)表达。方法经大肠杆菌JM109介导DCN真核表达载体转染HepG2细胞,建立稳定转染的细胞株,采用Western印迹法和免疫组化检测其EGFR表达。结果pFRT/laczeo-DCN HepG2细胞中EGFR较pFRT/laczeo HepG2明显高表达;pFRT/laczeo-DCN HepG2细胞中EGFR颗粒明显减少、变小。结论DCN转染的HepG2细胞TGFR减少,能够抑制MAPK/Ras/Raf信号通路,从而阻止、抑制HepG2的生长。
热疗诱导人肝癌细胞HepG2的凋亡

目的观察热疗诱导人肝癌细胞株HepG2凋亡的效果,并初步探讨其可能的机制。方法以人肝癌细胞株HepG2为研究对象,试验分对照组、43℃热疗组(分别加热0.5,1,1.5 h),流式细胞术检测凋亡率;RT-PCR检测Bax、Bcl-2 mRNA的表达。结果流式细胞仪凋亡检测显示热疗组凋亡率显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。RT-PCR检测显示各热疗处理组较之对照组都有上调Bax、下调Bcl-2 mRNA表达的作用,以加热1.5 h组最为显著(P<0.01)。结论热疗能显著增加HepG2细胞的凋亡率,这可能与上调Bax、下调Bcl-2 mRNA的表达促进凋亡有关。
低频超声波辅助药物联合股四头肌锻炼治疗老年性膝关节骨关节炎临床疗效

目的探讨低频超声波辅助药物治疗联合股四头肌锻炼与传统单纯药物治疗联合股四头肌锻炼对于老年膝关节骨关节炎(KOA)的临床疗效。方法KOA患者84例,随机分为治疗和对照组各42例。两组均进行股四头肌肌力锻炼,治疗组给予超声波辅助双氯芬酸二乙胺乳胶剂,对照组仅给予双氯芬酸二乙胺乳胶剂,比较两组症状改善情况。结果经过30d治疗后,两组VAS评分、膝关节运动能力及股四头肌肌力均有增强,但治疗组明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论低频超声波辅助药物治疗联合股四头肌肌力锻炼在KOA的治疗上可获得显著疗效。
老年尿毒症患者血清淀粉样蛋白A和同型半胱氨酸水平及其与动脉硬化的相关性

目的探讨血清同型半胱氨酸(HCY)、血清淀粉样蛋白A(SAA)在老年尿毒症患者中的水平及其与动脉硬化的相关性。方法选择该院尿毒症患者50例,检测其血清HCY、SAA、PTH、C反应蛋白(CRP)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、LPa浓度,入院后患者均行颈动脉超声检查,根据是否有动脉斑块及IMT厚度,分为动脉硬化组和非动脉硬化组,同时选择30例健康体检者作为对照组,分析血清学指标与动脉硬化的关系。结果老年尿毒症患者血清HCY、PTH、CRP、TC、Lpa、SAA水平明显升高(P<0.05),而TG、IMT没有差异。动脉硬化组SAA较非动脉硬化组升高(P<0.01),与IMT正相关。结论老年尿毒症患者HCY、SAA水平增高,其中SAA参与动脉硬化的形成。
Anonymous authentication scheme of trusted mobile terminal under mobile Internet

In order to solve the contradictions between user privacy protection and identity authentication, an anonymous authentication scheme under mobile Internet is proposed, which is based on the direct anonymous attestation of trusted computing and uses the encrypting transfer and signature validation for its implementation. Aiming at two access mode of trusted mobile terminal under mobile Internet, self access and cross-domain access, the authentication process of each mode is described in details. The analysis shows that the scheme implements anonymous authentication on mobile Internet and is correct, controllable and unforgeable.
Leveraging data fusion to improve barrier coverage in wireless sensor networks

Intruder detection and border surveillance are amongst the most promising applications of wireless sensor networks. Barrier coverage formulates these problems as constructing barriers in a long-thin region to detect intruders that cross the region. Existing studies on this topic are not only based on simplistic binary sensing model but also neglect the collaboration employed in many systems. In this paper, we propose a solution which exploits the collaboration of sensors to improve the performance of barrier coverage under probabilistic sensing model. First, the network width requirement, the sensor density and the number of barriers are derived under data fusion model when sensors are randomly distributed. Then, we present an efficient algorithm to construct barriers with a small number of sensors. The theoretical comparison shows that our solution can greatly improve barrier coverage via collaboration of sensors. We also conduct extensive simulations to demonstrate the effectiveness of our solution.
丙泊酚和氯胺酮对利多卡因致惊厥作用的影响

利多卡因是临床常用的中效局部麻醉药,过量或误入血管可导致毒性反应,甚至引起惊厥。而NMDA受体拮抗药可显著减轻惊厥发作的程度,也降低了惊厥发生率和死亡率。氯胺酮麻醉效应与拮抗NMDA受体有关,但在惊厥反应中的作用仍尚无定论。丙泊酚作为静脉麻醉药,有实验也表明,其能有效控制局麻药毒性反应引起的惊厥发作。但是由于易引起呼吸和循环抑制,其抗惊厥效应的应用受限。目前,在临床丙泊酚与氯胺酮的复合麻醉十分普遍,二者不仅可相互增强麻醉效应,也可相互减弱不良反应。但丙泊酚与氯胺酮合用对局麻药致惊厥作用的影响却未有研究。本研究旨在观察丙泊酚和氯胺酮单独使用对利多卡因诱发惊厥反应的影响,以及二者联合应用是否具有协同抗惊厥效应。
血管活性药物对重症患者容量反应性的影响

液体复苏和血管活性药物是重症患者重要的循环支持手段,器官灌注不足时需进行液体复苏,而良好的容量反应性是液体复苏的基本前提。研究显示,近50%的重症患者液体复苏前容量无反应性,此时进行液体复苏可能增加肺水肿的风险。然而,血管活性药物的合理使用可改善患者的心肌收缩功能及调整静脉回流,进而改善患者的容量反应性,为进一步液体复苏带来可能。已有研究表明,扩血管药物可减少静脉回流.正性肌力药物可改善心脏收缩功能,进而改善容量反应性。现就临床常用的血管活性药物对容量反应性的影响综述如下。
重型颅脑损伤患者的镇痛和镇静治疗

脑损伤是致残和致死的主要原因,引起脑损伤的原因多为脑卒中、颅内感染、颅内肿瘤和脑创伤。脑损伤包括创伤部位的直接损伤及创伤后因应激反应、缺血缺氧、低血压、高热、抽搐、感染和颅高压等病理生理过程所导致的继发性损伤,其中应激反应可持续至创伤后数日甚至数月内,因此,脑损伤是一个进展性的病理损伤过程。近年来,针对重型颅脑损伤的初期性治疗如机械通气、维持循环平稳、纠正贫血和低蛋白血症、及时清除颅内占位性病变及进行脑功能的多元化监测等已成为全球共识,但镇痛、镇静治疗却未引起足够的重视,现对颅脑损伤后机体病理生理变化进行阐述,强调重型颅脑损伤患者镇痛镇静治疗的必要性与实施方案。
心脏死亡后供肺在肺移植中的应用

可供移植的器官极度短缺已成为制约器官移植发展的主要问题,这一问题在肺移植更加突出。相对于其他器官,肺组织更易受损伤,在外伤等原因致死的供者中,常伴肺挫伤、误吸、感染、急性呼吸窘迫综合征等损害,脑死亡后还会继发神经源性肺水肿。因此,供肺的利用率不高,仅为肾脏利用率的1/5。如何扩大供肺来源,提高供肺利用率,成为全球肺移植领域亟待解决的问题。近些年来,器官短缺的应对策略不断被提出:(1)完善器官捐献立法,进行公众捐献教育,使更多的民众在逝世后愿意捐献;(2)应用扩大标准的供者;(3)解决供、受者肺体积大小不匹配的问题;(4)开展活体供肺肺叶移植;(5)开展ABO血型不相容肺移植;(6)严格掌握单肺移植和双肺移植的指征,即一个供者的2个肺给2个单肺移植的受者;(7)区别于脑死亡后捐赠(donation after brain death,DBD),心脏死亡后捐赠(donation after cardiac death,DCD)的移植物存活率已接近于有心跳供者器官,DCD再次引起世界移植界的广泛关注。美国活体肺叶捐赠在1999年尚有58例,而2008年则无一例。与此相反,DCD供者的数量稳步上升,从2001年没有一例DCD供肺,到2007年的10例,再到2008年的19例,完成34例肺移植,DCD供肺移植正成为肺移植的新亮点。
FREEDOM研究解析

2012年美国心脏学会(AHA)大会公布了糖尿病患者未来血运重建评价:多支病变的最佳治疗策略研究(the future revascularization evaluation in patients with diabetes mellitus:optimal management of multivessel disease,FREEDOM),同期该研究全文发表在《新英格兰医学杂志》。FREEDOM研究结论为:糖尿病合并多支病变的冠心病患者,冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)能明显降低主要终点,即心肌梗死和全因死亡率,而经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)则明显减少卒中。因此,总体上糖尿病伴多支病变患者应该选择CABG。在为数不多的临床研究中,FREEDOM堪称2012年AHA大会最大的亮点。
阑尾黏液性囊腺瘤的临床特征

阑尾黏液性囊腺瘤(appendix mutinous eystadenoma)是较少见的消化道肿瘤,由于其临床表现缺乏特异性且影像学表现多样化,故误诊率极高。现就2000—2012年,天津市南开医院收治的8例阑尾黏液性囊腺瘤的临床特点及治疗报道如下。
脑微出血的研究进展

脑微出血(cerebral microbleeds,CMBs)是脑内微小血管病变所致的、以微小出血为主要特征的一种脑实质亚临床损害,与腔隙性脑梗死(lacunar infarction,LI)、脑白质疏松(Leukoaraiosis,LA)及皮质下动脉硬化性脑病(Binswangedisease)等同属于脑小血管病(small vessel disease,SVD)。由于通常无相关临床症状和体征,常规CT 和MRI 扫描均不敏感,因此以往无法在患者中检出。随着神经影像学的发展,磁共振梯度回波(gradient-echo,GE) T_2加权成像(T_2 weightedimaging,T_2 WI) (GE-T_2 WI)及磁敏感加权成像(Susceptibility weighted imaging,SWI)已能有效检出CMBs。本文就CMBs的发病机制、影像学检出方法及表现、相关危险因素及对认知功能、抗凝及溶栓治疗的影响进行综述。
固体脂质纳米粒用于细胞毒性药物传递系统综述的研究进展

目的:介绍固体脂质纳米粒(SLN)用于细胞毒性药物传递系统以治疗癌症的情况。方法:依据文献综述SLN用于抗癌药物载体的原理、包载细胞毒性药物后可解决的主要问题、用于癌症治疗的未来研究方向。结果与结论:设计合理的SLN可利用实体瘤组织的高通透性和滞留效应达到被动靶向的目的;解决的主要问题有提高对水溶性抗癌化合物的包封率、改进药物的控释速率和释放程度、避免被网状内皮系统清除;未来的研究方向为细胞毒性药物与增敏剂的联合治疗、细胞毒性药物SLN的特异性靶向,以及用于肿瘤治疗的基因传递。