mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Chromospheric activity on the late-type star V1355 Ori using Lijiang 1.8-m and 2.4-m telescopes

We obtained new high-resolution spectra using the Lijiang 1.8-m and 2.4-m telescopes to investigate the chromospheric activities of V1355 Ori as indicated in the behaviors of Ca II H&K, Hδ, Hγ, H?, Na I D_1, D_2, Hα and Ca II infrared triplet (IRT) lines. The observed spectra show obvious emissions above the continuum in Ca II H&K lines, absorptions in the Hδ, Hγ, Hβ and Na I D_1, D_2 lines, variable behavior (filled-in absorption, partial emission with a core absorption component or emission above the continuum) in the Hα line, and weak self-reversal emissions in the strong filled-in absorptions of the Ca II IRT lines. We used a spectral subtraction technique to analyze our data. The results show no excess emission in the Hδ and Hγ lines, very weak excess emissions in the Na I D_1, D_2 lines, excess emission in the Hβ line, clear excess emission in the Ha line, and excess emissions in the Ca II IRT lines. The value of the ratio of EW_(8542)/EW_(8498) is in the range 0.9 to 1.7,which implies that chromospheric activity might have been caused by plage events. The value of the ratio E_(Hα)/E_(Hβ) is above 3, indicating that the Balmer lines would arise from prominence-like material. We also found time variations in light curves associated with equivalent widths of chromospheric activity lines in the Na I D_1, D_2,Ca II IRT and H_α lines in particular. These phenomena can be explained by plage events, which are consistent with the behavior of chromospheric activity indicators.
Effect of purification pretreatment on the recovery of magnetite from waste ferrous sulfate

The present study was conducted to elucidate the influence of impurities in waste ferrous sulfate on its recovery of magnetite. Ferrous sulfate solution was purified by the addition of NaOH solution to precipitate impurities, and magnetite was recovered from ferrous sulfate solution without and with purification pretreatment. Calcium hydroxide was added to the solution of ferrous sulfate as a precipitator. A mixed product of magnetite and gypsum was subsequently obtained by air oxidation and heating. Wet-milling was performed prior to magnetic separation to recover magnetite from the mixed products. The results show that with the purification pretreatment, the grade of iron in magnetite concentrate increased from 62.05% to 65.58% and the recovery rate of iron decreased from 85.35% to 80.35%. The purification pretreatment reduced the conglutination between magnetite and gypsum, which favors their subsequent magnetic separation. In summary, a higher-grade magnetite with a better crystallinity and a larger particle size of 2.35 μm was obtained with the purification pretreatment.
Cutting of Phragmites australis as a lake restoration technique: Productivity calculation and nutrient removal in Wuliangsuhai Lake, northern China

Reed is one of the most frequent and dominant species in wetlands all over the world, with common reed(Phragmites australis(Cav.)Trin. ex Steud.)as the most widely distributed species. In many wetlands, P. australis plays a highly ambivalent role. On the one hand, in many wetlands it purifies wastewater, provides habitat for numerous species, and is a potentially valuable raw material, while on the other hand it is an invasive species which expands aggressively, prevents fishing, blocks ditches and waterways, and builds monospecies stands. This paper uses the eutrophic reed-swamp of Wuliangsuhai Lake in Inner Mongolia, northern China, as a case to present the multiple benefits of regular reed cutting. The reed area and aboveground biomass production are calculated based on field data. Combined with data about water and reed nutrient content, the impact of reed cutting on the lake nutrient budget(N and P)is investigated. Currently, at this lake around 100,000 tons of reed are harvested in winter annually, removing 16% and 8% of the total nitrogen and phosphorus influx, respectively. Harvesting all available winter reed could increase the nutrient removal rates to 48% and 24%, respectively. We also consider the effects of summer harvesting, in which reed biomass removal could overcompensate for the nutrient influx but could potentially reduce reed regrowth.
Effect of sub-cloud evaporation on the δ~(18)O of precipitation in Qilian Mountains and Hexi Corridor, China

The sub-cloud evaporation effect refers to the evaporation process for raindrops that fall from the cloud base to the ground, which is usually accompanied by depleted light isotopes and enriched heavy isotopes in the precipitation. Based on 461 event-based precipitation samples collected from 12 weather stations in the Qilian Mountains and the Hexi Corridor from May to August of 2013, our results indicated that sub-cloud evaporation has a great influence on the δ~(18)O of precipitation, especially in small-amount precipitation events. In May, June, July, and August the δ~(18)O composition was enriched by 35%, 26%, 39%, and 41%, respectively, from the cloud base to the ground. This influence clearly strengthened with temperature rise, from the Qilian Mountains to the Hexi Corridor. When falling raindrops are evaporated by 1.0% in the Qilian Mountains and the Hexi Corridor, the composition of δ~(18)O would be enriched by 1.2% and 2.6%, respectively. Temperature dominated the sub-cloud evaporation in the Qilian Mountains, whereas relative humidity controlled it in the Hexi Corridor. These results provide new proofs of the evolutional process of stable isotopes in precipitation in arid regions.
Comparision between Ga- and N-polarity InGaN solar cells with gradient-In-composition intrinsic layers

Performances of Ga- and N-polarity solar cells (SCs) adopting gradient-In-composition intrinsic layer (IL) are compared. It is found the gradient ILs can greatly weaken the negative influence from the polarization effects for the Gapolarity case, and the highest conversion efficiency (η) of 2.18% can be obtained in the structure with a linear increase of In composition in the IL from bottom to top. This is mainly attributed to the adsorptions of more photons caused by the higher In composition in the IL closer to the p-GaN window layer. In contrast, for the N-polarity case, the SC structure with an InGaN IL adopting fixed In composition prevails over the ones adopting the gradient-In-composition IL, where the highest η of 9.28% can be obtained at x of 0.62. N-polarity SC structures are proven to have greater potential preparations in high-efficient InGaN SCs.
Device simulation of lead-free CH_3NH_3SnI_3 perovskite solar cells with high efficiency

The lead-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have drawn a great deal of research interest due to the Pb toxicity of the lead halide perovskite. CH_3NH_3SnI_3 is a viable alternative to CH_3NH_3PbX_3, because it has a narrower band gap of 1.3 eV and a wider visible absorption spectrum than the lead halide perovskite. The progress of fabricating tin iodide PSCs with good stability has stimulated the studies of these CH_3NH_3SnI_3 based cells greatly. In the paper, we study the influences of various parameters on the solar cell performance through theoretical analysis and device simulation. It is found in the simulation that the solar cell performance can be improved to some extent by adjusting the doping concentration of the perovskite absorption layer and the electron affinity of the buffer and HTM, while the reduction of the defect density of the perovskite absorption layer significantly improves the cell performance. By further optimizing the parameters of the doping concentration (1.3×10~(16) cm~(-3)) and the defect density (1×10~(15) cm~(-3)) of perovskite absorption layer, and the electron affinity of buffer (4.0 eV) and HTM (2.6 eV), we finally obtain some encouraging results of the Jsc of 31.59 mA/cm~2, Voc of 0.92 V, FF of 79.99%, and PCE of 23.36%. The results show that the lead-free CH_3NH_3SnI_3 PSC is a potential environmentally friendly solar cell with high efficiency. Improving the Sn~(2+) stability and reducing the defect density of CH_3NH_3SnI_3 are key issues for the future research, which can be solved by improving the fabrication and encapsulation process of the cell.
Electric-field-dependent charge delocalization from dopant atoms in silicon junctionless nanowire transistor

We study electric-field-dependent charge delocalization from dopant atoms in a silicon junctionless nanowire transistor by low-temperature electron transport measurement. The Arrhenius plot of the temperature-dependent conductance demonstrates the transport behaviors of variable-range hopping (below 30 K) and nearest-neighbor hopping (above 30 K). The activation energy for the charge delocalization gradually decreases due to the confinement potential of the conduction channel decreasing from the threshold voltage to the flatband voltage. With the increase of the source–drain bias, the activation energy increases in a temperature range from 30 K to 100 K at a fixed gate voltage, but decreases above the temperature of 100 K.
Negative dependence of surface magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy on film thickness in Co_(33)Fe_(67) alloy

In this work, the magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy (MAE) on the surface of Fe_(33)Co_(67) alloy film is extracted from x-ray magnetic linear dichroism (XMLD) experiments. The result indicates that the surface MAE value is negatively correlated with thickness. Through spectrum calculations and analysis, we find that besides the thickness effect, another principal possible cause may be the shape anisotropy resulting from the presence of interface roughness. These two factors lead to different electron structures on the fermi surface with different exchange fields, which produces different spin–orbit interaction anisotropies.
First-principles hybrid functional study of the electronic structure and charge carrier mobility in perovskite CH_3NH_3SnI_3

We calculate the electronic properties and carrier mobility of perovskite CH_3NH_3SnI_3 as a solar cell absorber by using the hybrid functional method. The calculated result shows that the electron and hole mobilities have anisotropies with a large magnitude of 1.4×10~4 cm~2·V~(-1)·s~(-1) along the y direction. In view of the huge difference between hole and electron mobilities, the perovskite CH_3NH_3SnI_3 can be considered as a p-type semiconductor. We also discover a relationship between the effective mass anisotropy and electronic occupation anisotropy. The above results can provide reliable guidance for its experimental applications in electronics and optoelectronics.
Radial transport dynamics studies of SMBI with a newly developed TPSMBI code

In tokamak plasma fueling, supersonic molecule beam injection (SMBI) with a higher fueling efficiency and a deeper penetration depth than the traditional gas puffing method has been developed and widely applied to many tokamak devices. It is crucial to study the transport dynamics of SMBI to improve its fueling efficiency, especially in the high confinement regime. A new one-dimensional (1D) code of TPSMBI has also been developed recently based on a six-field SMBI model in cylindrical coordinate. It couples plasma density and heat radial transport equations together with neutral density transport equations for both molecules and atoms and momentum radial transport equations for molecules. The dominant particle collisional interactions between plasmas and neutrals, such as molecule dissociation, atom ionization and charge-exchange effects, are included in the model. The code is verified to be correct with analytical solutions and also benchmarked well with the trans-neut module of BOUT++ code. Time-dependent radial transport dynamics and mean profile evolution are studied during SMBI with the TPSMBI code in both slab and cylindrical coordinates. Along the SMBI path, plasma density increases due to particle fuelling, while plasma temperature decreases due to heat cooling. Being different from slab coordinate, the curvature effect leads to larger front densities of molecule and atom during SMBI in cylindrical coordinate simulation.
Ethanol Increases Mechanical Pain Sensitivity in Rats via Activation of GABA_A Receptors in Medial Prefrontal Cortex

Ethanol is widely known for its ability to cause dramatic changes in emotion, social cognition, and behavior following systemic administration in humans. Human neuroimaging studies suggest that alcohol dependence and chronic pain may share common mechanisms through amygdala-medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) interactions. However, whether acute administration of ethanol in the mPFC can modulate pain perception is unknown. Here we showed that bilateral microinjections of ethanol into the prelimbic and infralimbic areas of the mPFC lowered the bilateral mechanical pain threshold for 48 h without influencing thermal pain sensitivity in adult rats. However, bilateral microinjections of artificial cerebrospinal fluid into the mPFC or bilateral microinjections of ethanol into the dorsolateral PFC (also termed as motor cortex area 1 in Paxinos and Watson's atlas of The Rat Brain. Elsevier Academic Press, Amsterdam, 2005) failed to do so, suggesting regional selectivity of the effects of ethanol. Moreover, bilateral microinjections of ethanol did not change the expression of either pro-apoptotic (caspase-3 and Bax) or anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) proteins, suggesting that the dose was safe and validating the method used in the current study. To determine whether c-aminobutyric acid A (GABA_A) receptors are involved in mediating the ethanol effects, muscimol, a selective GABA_A receptor agonist, or bicuculline, a selective GABA_A receptor antagonist, was administered alone or co-administered with ethanol through the same route into the bilateral mPFC. The results showed that muscimol mimicked the effects of ethanol while bicuculline completely reversed the effects of ethanol and muscimol. In conclusion, ethanol increases mechanical pain sensitivity through activation of GABA_A receptors in the mPFC of rats.
Spherical cap harmonic analysis of regional magnetic anomalies based on CHAMP satellite data

We used CHAMP satellite vector data and the latest IGRF12 model to investigate the regional magnetic anomalies over mainland China. We assumed satellite points on the same surface(307.69 km) and constructed a spherical cap harmonic model of the satellite magnetic anomalies for elements X, Y, Z, and F over Chinese mainland for 2010.0(SCH_2010) based on selected 498 points. We removed the external field by using the CM4 model. The pole of the spherical cap is 36N° and 104°E, and its half-angle is 30°. After checking and comparing the root mean square(RMS) error of ΔX, ΔY, and ΔZ and X, Y, and Z, we established the truncation level at K_(max)= 9. The results suggest that the created China Geomagnetic Referenced Field at the satellite level(CGRF2010) is consistent with the CM4 model. We compared the SCH_2010 with other models and found that the intensities and distributions are consistent. In view of the variation of F at different altitudes, the SCH_2010 model results obey the basics of the geomagnetic field. Moreover, the change rate of X, Y, and Z for SCH_2010 and CM4 are consistent. The proposed model can successfully reproduce the geomagnetic data, as other data-fitting models, but the inherent sources of error have to be considered as well.
Broadband seismic illumination and resolution analyses based on staining algorithm

Seismic migration moves reflections to their true subsurface positions and yields seismic images of subsurface areas. However, due to limited acquisition aperture, complex overburden structure and target dipping angle, the migration often generates a distorted image of the actual subsurface structure. Seismic illumination and resolution analyses provide a quantitative description of how the above-mentioned factors distort the image. The point spread function(PSF) gives the resolution of the depth image and carries full information about the factors affecting the quality of the image. The staining algorithm establishes a correspondence between a certain structure and its relevant wavefield and reflected data. In this paper, we use the staining algorithm to calculate the PSFs, then use these PSFs for extracting the acquisition dip response and correcting the original depth image by deconvolution. We present relevant results of the SEG salt model. The staining algorithm provides an efficient tool for calculating the PSF and for conducting broadband seismic illumination and resolution analyses.
Elastic reverse-time migration based on amplitude-preserving P-and S-wave separation

Imaging the PP-and PS-wave for the elastic vector wave reverse-time migration requires separating the P-and S-waves during the wave field extrapolation. The amplitude and phase of the P-and S-waves are distorted when divergence and curl operators are used to separate the P-and S-waves. We present a P-and S-wave amplitude-preserving separation algorithm for the elastic wavefield extrapolation. First, we add the P-wave pressure and P-wave vibration velocity equation to the conventional elastic wave equation to decompose the P-and S-wave vectors. Then, we synthesize the scalar P-and S-wave from the vector Pand S-wave to obtain the scalar P-and S-wave. The amplitude-preserved separated P-and S-waves are imaged based on the vector wave reverse-time migration (RTM). This method ensures that the amplitude and phase of the separated P-and S-wave remain unchanged compared with the divergence and curl operators. In addition, after decomposition, the P-wave pressure and vibration velocity can be used to suppress the interlayer refl ection noise and to correct the S-wave polarity. This improves the image quality of P-and S-wave in multicomponent seismic data and the true-amplitude elastic reverse time migration used in prestack inversion.
人生回顾疗法在带病生存患者重建生命意义过程中的运用与启示

人口老龄化以及慢性病、肿瘤等疾患的高发,使得带病生存的人数越来越多,很多患者普遍存在焦虑、抑郁等负性心理,严重影响患者的日常应对能力和生活质量。作为一种心理干预措施,人生回顾疗法(life-review therapy,LR)于19世纪已开始应用于国外老年照护领域,其致力于唤醒处于疾患和绝望中的个体希望,助其重塑自我、重新发现生命的意义,在老年抑郁、精神疾患、晚期癌症、临终关怀等领域取得了理想的效果。本文从人生回顾疗法的概念、框架、形式、方法、与步骤、测量等入手进行阐述分析,以更好、全面地了解此疗法,以期为护理实践提供依据。
大力发展中国草种业

中国是草原大国和草种利用大国,但却是草种业弱国。草种业是国家战略性、基础性产业,是促进农牧业长期稳定发展、保障国家生态安全的根本。当前,国家正在大力推进生态文明建设、加强草原保护、实施农业结构调整、积极发展草牧业,这在客观上要求必须有发达的草种业作为坚实的支撑。党中央、国务院高度重视种业发展,先后做出一系列重要部署,“十三五”规划也明确提出要大力发展现代种业。我们必须认清形势,把握好难得的机遇,加快建立适应我国经济发展、生态保护建设要求和国际竞争需要的现代草种业。
Air Traffic Operation Complexity Analysis Based on Metrics System

In order to quantitatively analyze air traffic operation complexity,multidimensional metrics were selected based on the operational characteristics of traffic flow.The kernel principal component analysis method was utilized to reduce the dimensionality of metrics,therefore to extract crucial information in the metrics.The hierarchical clustering method was used to analyze the complexity of different airspace.Fourteen sectors of Guangzhou Area Control Center were taken as samples.The operation complexity of traffic situation in each sector was calculated based on real flight radar data.Clustering analysis verified the feasibility and rationality of the method,and provided a reference for airspace operation and management.
细水雾灭火系统在档案馆中的设计优化探讨

细水雾灭火系统是一种灭火效能较高、环保、适用范围较广的灭火系统。全国各地的相关地方标准及国家档案局行业标准的正式发布实施,为细水雾灭火系统在实际工程中的具体设计、施工和验收提供了有力的保障。但国家《细水雾灭火系统技术规范》(GB 50898-2013)的正式发布,对细水雾灭火系统的规模进行了较严格的限制。结合工程实例,在不违反国家规范的前提下,优化设计防护区及泵组系统,为今后细水雾灭火系统的设计提供借鉴。
Effects of Scutellaria Baicalensis on Activity and Biofilm Formation of Klebsiella Pneumoniae

Objective To explore the effects of Scutellaria baicalensis on activity and biofilm formation of Klebsiella pneumonia (Kp). Methods The broth and agar dilution methods were carried out to determine minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of Scutellaria baicalensis for TW518. VITEK-32 system was used to assay TW518 susceptibility to antibiotics. Kp biofilms were formed in vitro and stained with BacLight Live/Dead stain. The class integron geneⅠ1 mRNA expression was analyzed with RT-PCR. Results The minimum inhibitory concentration of Scutellaria baicalensis on TW518 identified as a Kp colony was 32 mg/ml, and minimum bactericidal concentration was 64 mg/ml. Scutellaria baicalensis and broad-spectrum penicillin, cephalosporin, quinolones, or beta-lactamase had synergistic bactericidal effects. Biofilm formation activity of Kp treated with Scutellaria baicalensis was significantly lower than that of the control group. And class integron geneⅠ1 mRNA expression of TW518 was significantly inhibited by Scutellaria baicalensis. Conclusions Scutellaria baicalensis has sterilization effect on Kp, and Scutellaria baicalensis could effectively inhibit Kp biofilm formation with prolonged treatment. Scutellaria baicalensis might inhibit Kp biofilm formation through down-regulating integron geneⅠ1 expression.
Preparation of few-layer reduced graphene oxide-wrapped mesoporous Li_4Ti_5O_(12) spheres and its application as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries

A three-dimensional few-layer reduced graphene oxide-wrapped mesoporous Li_4Ti_5O_(12) (m-LTO@FLRGO) electrode is produced using a simple solution fabrication process. When tested as an anode for Liion batteries, the m-LTO@FL-RGO composite exhibits excellent rate capability and superior cycle life. The capacity of m-LTO@FL-RGO reaches 165.4 mA h g~(-1) after 100 cycles between 1 and 2.5 V at a rate of 1 C. Even at a rate of 30 C, a high discharge capacity of 115.1 mA h g~(-1) is still obtained, which is three times higher than the pristine mesoporous Li_4Ti_5O_(12) (m-LTO). The graphene nanosheets are incorporated into the m-LTO microspheres homogenously, which provide a high conductive network for electron transportation.
An efficient and convenient method for the preparation of disulfides from thiols using oxygen as oxidant catalyzed by tert-butyl nitrite

An efficient and convenient tert-butyl nitrite-catalyzed selective aerobic oxidation of thiols has been developed. Under the optimal reaction conditions, a number of thiol derivatives including aromatic thiols, heteroaromatic thiols and aliphatic thiols can be converted into their corresponding disulfides in good to excellent yields.
Adhesive peptides conjugated PAMAM dendrimer as a coating polymeric material enhancing cell responses

This present work aims to functionalize poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers with various reported adhesive peptides, including Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD), Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg (YIGSR), and Ile-Lys-Val-Ala-Val (IKVAV) for enhancing cell responses. The RGD, YIGSR, or IKVAV functionalized PAMAM coated substrate could promote cell adhesion of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) within 1 h after incubation. The neurite differentiation and proliferation of pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells were also significantly enhanced after culturing on the peptide functionalized PAMAM dendrimers for two and four days. This peptide functionalized PAMAM dendrimers are considered as the potential candidates for various tissue engineering applications.
Thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione based copolymers for high performance organic solar cells and organic field effect transistors

Donor–acceptor type copolymers have wide applications in organic field-effect transistors and organic photovoltaic devices. Thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione (TPD), as an electron-withdrawing unit, has been widely used in D–A type copolymers recently. Till now, the highest power conversion efficiency and mobility of TPD-based copolymers are over 8% and 1.0 cm~2 V~(-1) s~(-1) respectively. In this review, the recent progress of TPD-based copolymers in organic solar cells and organic transistors is summarized.