mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Amplification and function analysis of N6-adenine-specific DNA methyltransferase gene in Nilaparvata lugens

Methylation of the N6 position of adenine, termed N6-methyladenine, protects DNA from restriction endonucleases via the host-specific restriction-modification system. N6-methyladenine was discovered and has been well studied in bacteria. N6-adenine-specific DNA methyltransferase (N6AMT) is the main enzyme catalyzing the methylation of the adenine base and knowledge of this enzyme was mainly derived from work in prokaryotic models. However, large-scale gene discovery at the genome level in many model organisms indicated that the N6AMT gene also exists in eukaryotes, such as humans, mice, fruit flies and plants. Here, we cloned a N6AMT gene from Nilaparvata lugens (Nlu-N6AMT) and amplified its fulllength transcript. Then, we carried out a systematic investigation of N6AMT in 33 publically available insect genomes, indicating that all studied insects had N6AMT. Genomic structure analysis showed that insect N6AMT has short introns compared with the mammalian homologs. Domain and phylogenetic analysis indicated that insect N6AMT had a conserved N6-adenineMlase domain that is specific to catalyze the adenine methylation. Nlu-N6AMT was highly expressed in the adult female. We knocked down Nlu-N6AMT by feeding dsRNA from the second instar nymph to adult female, inducing retard development of adult female. In all, we provide the first genome-wide analysis of N6AMT in insects and presented the experimental evidence that N6AMT might have important functions in reproductive development and ovary maturation.
Health care professional training in biomedical waste management at a tertiary care hospital in India

Dear Editor: Biomedical waste is any waste generated during the diagnosis, treatment or immunization of human beings or animals, in research activities pertaining to or in the production of or testing of biologicals, and all other categories waste generated by healthcare activities. It includes a broad range of materials from used needles and syringes, soiled dressings, body parts, diagnostic samples, blood, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and radioactive materials and carries a higher potential for infection and injury than any other type of waste. Therefore, it should be properly managed to protect the general public, healthcare and sanitation workers who are regularly exposed to biomedical waste as an occupational hazard.
S-adenosylmethionine Administration Attenuates Low Brain- Derived Neurotrophic Factor Expression Induced by Chronic Cerebrovascular Hypoperfusion or Beta Amyloid Treatment

Chronic cerebrovascular hypoperfusion is a high-risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) as it is conducive to beta amyloid (Ab) over-production. Brainderived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a member of the neurotrophin family widely expressed in the central nervous system. The structure of the rat BDNF gene is complex, consisting of eight non-coding exons (I–VIII) and one coding exon (IX). The BDNF gene is transcribed from multiple promoters located upstream of different 50 noncoding exons to produce a heterogeneous population of BDNF mRNAs. S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) produced in the methionine cycle is the primary methyl donor and the precursor of glutathione. In this study, a cerebrovascular hypoperfusion rat model and an Aβ intrahippocampal injection rat model were used to explore the expression profiles of all BDNF transcripts in the hippocampus with chronic cerebrovascular hypoperfusion or Aβ injection as well as with SAM treatment. We found that the BDNF mRNAs and protein were down-regulated in the hippocampus undergoing chronic cerebrovascular hypoperfusion as well as Aβ treatment, and BDNF exons IV and VI played key roles. SAM improved the low BDNF expression following these insults mainly through exons IV and VI. These results suggest that SAM plays a neuroprotective role by increasing the expression of endogenous BDNF and could be a potential target for Aβ therapy.
传统中药中H7N9病毒神经氨酸酶抑制剂的计算机虚拟筛选

目的用分子对接方法从传统中药数据库(TCM Database@ Taiwan)中筛选H7N9病毒神经氨酸酶抑制剂。方法流感病毒中神经氨酸酶作为一个已经被证明的抗流感药物靶点,从蛋白晶体结果数据库(Protein Data Bank,PDB)中提取晶体结构文件,对其三维结构活性部位进行分析,采用对接软件AutoDockVina与数据库中药物小分子进行高通量分子对接。结果得到3个亲和力高于上市的抗流感药物扎那米韦(Zanamivir)的天然小分子化合物,并确定了它们的中草药来源。结论该结果可促进从传统中药中提取、设计以及实验合成新的抗H7N9流感病毒药物。
熟大黄为主组方治疗急性百草枯中毒对急性肺损伤及肺间质纤维化临床研究

目的评价使用熟大黄为主中药治疗组方治疗急性百草枯中毒对急性肺损伤及肺间质纤维化临床疗效,总结中医中药抢救急性百草枯中毒的临床经验。方法将符合入组条件的98名患者随机分为两组。治疗组给予百草枯中毒解毒降纤方连服14天,余治疗同对照组。对照组给予充分激素,抗自由基,免疫抑制剂及对症治疗。观察比较两组患者5d、 10 d、15 d、30 d、90 d内未发生低氧血症人数百分比、未发生ARDS人数百分比、肺间质纤维化发生人数百分比、死亡人数百分比。结果两组5d内未发生低氧血症人数百分比、未发生ARDS人数百分比、肺间质纤维化发生人数百分比、死亡人数百分比采用卡方检验,无明显差异(P > 0.05) 。治疗组10 d、15 d、30 d、90 d内未发生低氧血症人数百分比、未发生ARDS人数百分比明显高于对照组(P < 0.05), 治疗组10 d、15 d、30 d、90 d内肺间质纤维化发生人数百分比、死亡人数百分比明显低于对照组(P < 0.05) 。结论使用百草枯中毒解毒降纤方治疗百草枯中毒能减少急性肺损伤发生率,减轻损伤程度,有效降低肺间质纤维化的发生,从而提高了生存质量,降低了死亡率。
短柄乌头花序内花的分配与种子产生的研究

目的为了系统地了解高寒地区植物短柄乌头Aconitum brachypodum Diels自然种群的繁殖对策。方法在其繁殖分配研究的基础上,通过统计花的多种结构特征、总状花序内的性分配模式的研究。结果发现同其它顶向式(从花序基部到顶部)开花的植物一样,顶部花表现出偏雄的性分配,随着花从基部到顶部的发育次序,短柄乌头的雌蕊重、心皮数、种子数和种子重/果实减少; 而花药数,花粉数/胚珠数以及雄蕊重/雌蕊重增大。结籽率在不同的位置间没有显著差异,不受花粉数量的限制; 去花实验没有增加剩余部位花的种子数,只是增加了种子大小,这是花序内不可避免的的资源分配存在着位置依赖性的原因。结论了解短柄乌头自然种群的繁殖对策,为短柄乌头的濒危和保护提供理论依据。
肾穿刺活检组织Masson染色的改良

目前,肾穿刺活检组织的固定方法仍多选择4 %中性缓冲甲醛,用该方法固定的肾组织行PAS、PASM染色,能很好地显示肾小球、肾小管、肾间质、血管及特殊的蛋白沉积等,但在Masson染色时,经常会出现嗜复红蛋白不着色或染色很弱的现象。为了解决这个问题,本实验室采用4种方法进行比较,发现组织切片通过补充固定后,用胰酶消化,嗜复红蛋白能很好地显示,并定位准确、背景干净、颜色鲜艳,有助于临床病理诊断。
甲状腺功能亢进症中医证治规律研究

系统观察200例甲状腺功能亢进症患者,发现本病初期以六郁为主、气郁为先,多为肝火旺盛证,治以清肝泻火法; 中期邪实伤正,以火旺阴伤为主,多为阴虚火旺证,治以滋阴清火法; 后期多虚实夹杂、阴虚气耗为主,辨为气阴两虚证,治以益气养阴法; 气滞、痰凝、血瘀等有形实邪贯穿疾病全程,故化痰散结法各期均可应用。
Synthesis and Bioactivity of a Novel Bismuthoxide Schiff-base Complex Derived from Salen-like Ligand and Bismuth(III) Nitrate

In this paper, a novel bismuthoxide Schiff-base complex [Bi_9O_8(vanen)_3(NO_3)_2(CH_3OH)_2(H_2O)·3NO_3· 5.5H_2O](abbreviated as Bivanen) was synthesized with Salen-like ligand H_2vanen[H_2vanen=N,N'-ethylene bis(3-methoxysalicylideneimine)] and bismuth(III) nitrate. Its structure was characterized by IR spectra, NMR spectra and X-ray diffraction. In particular, the biology activities of the ligand and the complex against Schizosaccharomyces pombe(S. pombe) were studied using biological microcalorimetry. The metabolic thermogenic curves of S. pombe were measured at 32.00 °C. Then, some quantitative thermokinetic parameters of growth metabolism of S. pombe including the rate constant(k), inhibition ratio(I) and half inhibition concentration(IC_(50)) were calculated. Experimental results showed that the k values of S. pombe decreased while I values of S. pombe increased with the increase of concentrations of the ligand and the complex. The IC_(50) of the ligand and the complex were found to be 0.067 and 0.037 mmol/L, respectively.
Biodiesel synthesis via metal oxides and metal chlorides catalysis from marine alga Melanothamnus afaqhusainii

This research article demonstrates the most comprehensive comparative catalytic study of differentmetal oxides and metal chlorides towards the methanolysis of triglycerides of marine red macroalga Melanothamnus afaqhusainii. CaO was found to be the most reactive metal oxide that yielded 80% biodiesel while ZnCl_2 was the most reactive metal chloride that produced 60% biodiesel bymechanical stirring for 6 h at 100–110 ℃. The overall reactivity order of the catalysts was found to be CaO N MgO N PbO_2 N ZnCl_2 N TiCl_4 N PbO N HgCl_2 N ZnO N AlCl_3 N SnCl_2 N TiO_2 whereas, CaCl_2, MgCl_2, Al_2O_3, HgO, PbCl_2, MnO_2, MnCl_2, Fe_2O_3 and FeCl_3 were found to be non-reactive for transesterification of triglycerides. In addition, a detailed study of the screening of mobile phases and spraying reagents was conductedwhich showed that petroleumether: chloroform: toluene (7:2:1) is the bestmobile phase, whereas iodine crystals/silica gel is the best visualizing agent for the thin layer chromatography(TLC) examination of biodiesel. Biodiesel productionwas confirmed by comparative TLC examination. It was further supported by the determination of fuel properties of biodiesel,whichwere found to be similar to the standard limits of American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM).
Influence of high pressure during solidification on the microstructure and strength of Mg-Zn-Y alloys

The effect of high pressure during solidification on the microstructure and mechanical property of Mg-6Zn-1Y and Mg-6Zn-3Y was investigated using optical microscopy, scanning electronic microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Vickers-hardness testing. Under atmospheric-pressure solidification, Mg-6Zn-1Y consisted of α-Mg, Mg_7Zn_3 and Mg_3YZn_6; whilst Mg-6Zn-3Y consisted of α-Mg, Mg_3Y_2Zn_3 and Mg_3YZn_6. Under 6 GPa high-pressure solidification, both alloy consisted of α-Mg, MgZn and Mg_(12)YZn. The shape of the main second phase changed from a lamellar structure formed for atmospheric-pressure solidification to small particles formed for solidification at 6 GPa pressure. The dendrite microstructure was refined and was more regular, and the length of the primary dendrite arm increased under 6 GPa high-pressure solidification, which was attributed to increasing thermal undercooling, compositional undercooling and kinetics undercooling. After solidification at 6 GPa pressure, the solid solubility of Y in the second phase and the Vickers-hardness increased from 15 wt.% and 69 MPa for Mg-6Zn-1Y to 49 wt.% and 97 MPa; and from 19 wt.% and 71 MPa for Mg-6Zn-3Y alloy to 20 wt.% and 92 MPa, respectively.
Nucleation undercooling, solidification structures and magnetic properties of Nd_9Fe_(85–x)Ti_4C_2B_x (x=10–15) magnetic alloys

Nd_9Fe_(85–x)Ti_4C_2B_x (x=10–15) magnetic alloys were investigated by differential thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis. The results showed that with the B content increasing from 10 at.% to 15 at.%, the liquidus temperatures TL of the alloys decreased from 1498.5 to 1472.5 K; the solidus temperatures TS of them increased from 1353.2 to 1358.3 K; and the nucleation undercooling of the alloy melts cooled at the rate of 40 K/min decreased from 122.8 to 95.9 K, resulting in the solidification structures consisting of Nd_2Fe_(14)B, Fe_3B, α-Fe, Nd_(1.1)Fe_4B_4 and TiC nanocrystallines. Furthermore, the Nd_9Fe_(85–x)Ti_4C_2B_x (x=11, 13, 15) bulk alloys in sheet form with the thickness of 0.7 mm were prepared by copper mold suction casting and their solidification characteristics and solidification structures under sub-rapidly cooling rate were investigated. The results showed that partially amorphous structures were obtained in the as-cast bulk alloys and the amount of amorphous decreased with the increase of the B content. By annealing the as-cast bulk alloys at 923 K for 10 min, the nanocomposite microstructures composed with Nd_2Fe_(14)B, Fe_3B and α-Fe nanocrystallines, which showed a single-phase hard magnetic behavior and enhanced magnetic properties, were achieved.
Crystal structure and magnetic behavior of the La_(0.1)Bi_(0.9)FeO_3 compound

The nano-crystalline La_(0.1)Bi_(0.9)FeO_3 compound was successfully synthesized by starch-based combustion method. The crystal structure and magnetic behavior were studied by temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and magnetic measurements. The La_(0.1)Bi_(0.9)FeO_3 compounds crystallized in a rhombohedrally distorted perovskite structure with space group R3c. The substitution of La for Bi reduced the rhombohedral distortion. The structural phase transitions in La_(0.1)Bi_(0.9)FeO_3 driven by temperature showed that the extraordinary two-phase coexistence state of BiFeO_3 and LaFeO_3 was observed in a narrow temperature range of 630–700 oC. The magnetization of the La_(0.1)Bi_(0.9)FeO_3 sample was improved by heat treatment in the temperature range. When the heat treatment temperatures rose from 25 to 600 oC, the remanence (Mr) and coercivity (Hc) of the La_(0.1)Bi_(0.9)FeO_3 compound almost remained the same, and increased rapidly to 0.134 emu/g and 7.1 KOe on further increasing the heat treatment temperature to 650 oC.
Process optimization of rare earth and aluminum leaching from weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore with compound ammonium salts

In order to intensify the leaching process of rare earth (RE) and reduce the impurities in the leachate, ammonium chloride (NH_4Cl) and ammonium nitrate (NH_4NO_3) were mixed as a compound leaching agent to treat the weathered crust elution-deposited RE ore. Effects of molar ratio of NH_4Cl and NH_4NO_3, ammonium (NH_4~+) concentration, leaching agent pH and flow rate on the leaching process of RE were studied and evaluated by the chromatographic plate theory. Leaching process of the main impurity aluminium (Al) was also discussed in detail. Results showed that a higher initial ammonium concentration in a certain range could enhance the mass transfer process of RE and Al by providing a driving force to overcome the resistance of diffusion. pH almost had no effects on the mass transfer efficiency of RE and Al in the range of 4 to 8. The relationship between the flow rate and height equivalent to a theoretical plate (HETP) could fit well with the Van Deemter equation, and the flow rate at the lowest HETP was determined. The optimum conditions of column leaching for RE and Al were 1:1 (molar ratio) of NH_4Cl and NH_4NO_3, 0.2 mol/L of ammonium concentration, pH 4–8 of leaching agent and 0.5 mL/min of flow rate. Under this condition, the mass transfer efficiency of RE was improved, but no change was observed for Al compared with the most widely used ammonium sulfate. Moreover, the significant difference value (around 20 mL) of retention volume at the peak concentration between RE and Al provided a possibility for their separation. It suggested the potential application of the novel compound leaching agent (NH_4Cl/NH_4NO_3). It was found that the relative concentration of RE in the leachate could be easily obtained by monitoring the pH of leachate.
台湾辅英科技大学护理教育见闻与启示

总结台湾辅英科技大学的护理教育办学理念和特色,结合大陆高职护理教育实际,提出在护理教育中应强化以学生为中心的教育理念、深化网络教学平台建设和加强教师实践能力的培养。
英国国家早期预警评分及其临床应用研究进展

国家早期预警评分是在2012年由英国皇家医学院提出的一种早期识别危重患者的工具,因其预测效能优于其他早期预警评分,已开始在英国各级医院推广使用。介绍国家早期预警评分,包括概述、临床应用现状、应答影响因素和发展性应用等,以期为国家早期预警评分在我国临床护理的使用提供参考,从而进一步保障住院患者安全及预防不良事件的发生。
Giant magneto-impedance effect of two paralleled amorphous microwires

Giant magneto-impedance (GMI) is effectively enhanced by the mutual magnetic interaction between two amorphous microwires. A comparative study on GMI properties of a single wire and two wires arranged in parallel mode was reported in this work. Two-peak (TP) of impedance characteristic is presented when the dc external field changed from 0 to 320 A·m-1 in two-wire system, which is attributed to successive magnetization process in two wires induced by their magnetic interaction. And the evolution of single peak to TP phenomenon, when the distance between two wires is upto 8 mm, evidences a distance dependence of transformation from successive magnetization to simultaneous via a corresponding distance dependence of magnetostatic interactions. It is proposed that the recombination of magnetic interaction and the shielding effect results in a distance dependency of GMI response. When the distance is 8 mm, the magnetization process is close to synchronous between two wires, which give rises to higher circular permeability and better GMI response. The impedance ratio DZ/Z increases from 74.5 % of single wire to 172.4 % at 10 MHz. However, when the distance is upto 12 mm, the magnetic interaction is weak and magnetization process is completely independent, and GMI response decreases, relatively. This indicates that the GMI response could be effectively improved in a two-wire connection with an optical distance, which is promising and useful for the application of high-performance GMI sensors.
冠状动脉微血管功能障碍临床诊疗新进展

冠状动脉微血管功能障碍(CMD)是指冠状动脉造影正常的胸痛患者,存在的有心肌缺血或微循环病变证据。在过去的20年中,大量研究显示微循环结构与功能异常既可以出现在非闭塞性冠脉疾病但具有冠心病高危因素的人群中,也可出现于心肌病、闭塞性冠脉疾病中,具有重要的预测价值,因此成为重要的治疗靶点。目前其诊断和治疗具有较大的挑战性,此文对近年来有关不同临床类型的CMD诊断与治疗的研究新进展给予综述。
妊娠期高血压疾病患者母子两代均应尽早开始心血管疾病防控

心血管疾病(CVD)是导致女性死亡的首要原因。女性CVD发病率在绝经期后增加更为明显,临床症状不典型,预后差。女性CVD的早期防控研究迄今未受到应有重视。患有妊娠期高血压疾病(hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, HDP)的女性,其CVD风险起源于妊娠期。HDP与CVD享有共同的病理生理机制,在防控上要进行一体化的临床监测和干预。对于有子痫前期(pre-eclampsia,PE)高危因素者在妊娠期即应开始CVD一级预防;对于PE患者,在分娩后即应开始CVD的二级预防。对于有PE宫内暴露的子代,也应尽早开始CVD的一级预防。CVD的防控重点在控制危险因素及增强人体的自组织功能。
DIFFERENTIAL OPERATORS OF INFINITE ORDER IN THE SPACE OF RAPIDLY DECREASING SEQUENCES

We consider the space of rapidly decreasing sequences s and the derivative operator D defined on it. The object of this article is to study the equivalence of a differential operator of infinite order; that is. ψk constant numbers an a power of D. Dn, meaning, is there a isomorphism X (from s onto s) such that X_φ(D) = D~nX?. We prove that if φ(D) is equivalent to D~n,then φ(D) is of finite order, in fact a polynomial of degree n. The question of the equivalence of two differential operators of finite order in the space s is addressed too and solved completely when n = 1.
基于测量机器人的数字化船坞建设方法及应用研究

阐述了基于测量机器人的数字化船坞建设方法,主要分析了数字化船坞建设的关键技术,深入研究了基准控制点选择及基准控制点稳定性观测的方法,并对控制网测量平差及精度进行了评定,最后结合案例给出了建设数字化船坞在建设及应用中的几点意见。
小波函数应用于GPS高程拟合的分析

将小波函数引入到GPS高程拟合,利用小波基函数伸缩平移的特性,结合最小二乘法对散乱的GPS点进行拟合。通过实例验证了小波函数实现GPS高程转换的可行性,并与传统拟合算法多项式曲面拟合法的计算结果进行比较,证明在大面积且地形起伏较大的测区,小波函数拟合残差值更小,精度优于多项式曲面拟合法,更能反映测区实际高程异常的变化。
GPS信号改正参数研究

精确的信号改正参数是提高导航定位精度的关键。为了对导航定位服务进行有效的经营,需要在每一个信号离开卫星发播天线的时间内,考虑钟差、通道延迟、码相位位移、用户钟偏差,以及电离层、对流层等大气因素的影响。通过对GPS导航电文结构的研究,给出了单、双频用户的钟差改正参数、设备群延迟改正参数、电离层改正参数等参数算法,并在此基础上给出了信号间改正参数(ISCs)的算法。最终结合改正参数的应用范例,对改正参数应用的可行性进行了分析。
国外卫星导航系统精密定轨技术的研究现状及发展趋势

目前,卫星导航技术已经进入蓬勃发展时期,本文在简单介绍国外主要卫星导航系统建设情况的基础上,重点总结梳理了其精密定轨技术的研究现状,指出了未来导航卫星精密定轨技术的发展趋势,相关研究成果对我国北斗卫星导航系统的建设发展具有借鉴参考意义。
Land use transitions and their dynamic mechanism: The case of the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain

Land use transition refers to changes in land use morphology, including dominant morphology and recessive morphology, of a particular region over a period of time driven by various factors. Recently, issues related to land use transition in China have attracted interest among a wide variety of researchers as well as government officials. This paper examines the patterns of land use transition and their dynamic mechanism in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain during 2000–2010. First, the spatio-temporal patterns of land use transition, their characteristics and the laws governing them were analyzed. Second, based on the established conceptual framework for analyzing the dynamic mechanism of land use transition, a spatial econometric regression analysis method was used to analyze the dynamic mechanism of the five types of major land use transition in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain at the county level. Land use pattern changes in the study area were characterized by an increase in construction land, water body and forested land, along with a decrease in farmland, unused land and grassland. The changes during 2000–2005 were much more significant than those during 2005–2010. In terms of factors affecting land use transitions, natural factors form the basis, and they have long-term effects. Socio-economic factors such as population and GDP, however, tend to determine the direction, structure, size and layout of land use transition over shorter time periods. Land law and policy factors play a mandatory guiding and restraining role in land use transitions, so as to improve the overall efficiency of land use. Land resource engineering is also an important tool to control land use transitions. In general, the five types of major land use transition were the result of the combined action of various physical, social and economic factors, of which traffic condition and location condition had the most significant effects, i.e. they were the common factors in all land use transitions. Understanding the spatio-temporal process of land use transitions and their dynamic mechanisms is an important foundation for utilizing land resources, protecting regional ecological environment and promoting sustainable regional socio-economic development.
清热理血汤联合康妇消炎栓治疗老年急性盆腔炎的临床研究

目的:探讨清热理血汤联合康妇消炎栓治疗老年急性盆腔炎临床效果,以期提高治疗水平。方法:选取2011年2月到2014年2月106例老年急性盆腔炎患者为研究对象,分成2组,对照组53例,予西医治疗,观察组53例,予清热理血汤联合康妇消炎栓治疗,均治疗10d后观察疗效变化情况。结果:总疗效上,对照组治愈率28.3%,总有效率69.81%;观察组治愈率49.06%,,总有效率86.79%,两组比较差异有统计学意义。两组治疗后较治疗前在下腹疼痛、白带异常、腰骶疼痛、子宫压痛症状积分上均明显下降,治疗前后比较差异有统计学意,观察组治疗后较对照组治疗后在以上症状积分上比较差异统计学意义;观察组在不良反应发生率、停药3个月后复发率上较对照组明显偏低,在抗生素使用时间、住院时间上明显缩短,两组比较差异有统计学意义;治疗后在盆腔炎性包块平均直径、盆腔积液深度、白细胞计数、C反应蛋白、血沉上较治疗前均明显下降,治疗前后比较有差异性,观察组治疗后较对照组治疗后在盆腔炎性包块平均直径、盆腔积液深度、白细胞计数、C反应蛋白、血沉比较差异统计学意义。结论:清热理血汤加减联合康妇消炎栓能改善老年急性盆腔炎临床症状,提高临床效果。
3种分离尿外体方法比较

目的对超速离心法、超滤法和沉淀法3种分离尿液中外体(exosome)方法进行比较,为临床研究选择合适的分离方法提供依据。方法用超速离心法、超滤法和沉淀法3种方法分别从4例健康人和2例慢性肾脏病(CKD)患者尿液中分离exosome。用透射电镜观察尿exosome形态结构,BCA法检测exosome总蛋白质浓度,分别在尿体积及exosome总蛋白质浓度相同上样条件下,用western blot(WB)检测exosome标志蛋白TSG101和Alix。结果3种分离方法均能获得直径为40~ 100 nm的圆形膜性囊泡; WB能检测到超速离心法及超滤法分离得到的exosome标志蛋白,而沉淀法未检测到;超滤法尿exosome总蛋白质浓度远高于超速离心法及沉淀法;超速离心法尿体积及exosome总蛋白质浓度相同情况下上样时所有样本均能检测到exosome标志蛋白,且表达量在3种方法中均最多;超滤法尿体积相同情况下上样,4例健康人均能检测到exosome标志蛋白,而以exosome总蛋白质浓度相同上样时,仅有2例健康人能检测到标志蛋白,但2例CKD患者在此两种上样方式未检测到标志蛋白;沉淀法两种上样条件下所有样本均未检测到exosome标志蛋白。结论超速离心法分离尿exosome效果较好,开展尿exosome临床研究时建议选择超速离心法。
Subwavelength electromagnetics

Subwavelength electromagnetics is a discipline that deals with light-matter interaction at subwavelength scale and innovative technologies that control electromagnetic waves with subwavelength structures. Although the history can be dated back to almost one hundred years ago, the flourish of these researching areas have been no more than 30 years. In this paper, we gave a brief review of the history, current status and future trends of subwavelength electromagnetics. In particular, the milestones related with metamaterials, plasmonics, meta-surfaces and photonic crystals are highlighted.
Progress on mid-IR graphene photonics and biochemical applications

Mid-infrared (mid-IR) (2-20 μm) photonics has numerous chemical and biologic "fingerprint" sensing applications due to characteristic vibrational transitions of molecules in the mid-IR spectral region. Unfortunately, compared to visible light and telecommunication band wavelengths, photonic devices and applications have been difficult to develop at mid-IR wavelengths because of the intrinsic limitation of conventional materials. Breaking a new ground in the mid-IR science and technology calls for revolutionary materials. Graphene, a single atom layer of carbon arranged in a honey-comb lattice, has various promising optical and electrical properties because of its linear dispersion band structure and zero band gap features. In this review article, we discuss recent research developments on mid-IR graphene photonics, in particular ultrafast lasers and photodetectors. Graphene-photonics-based biochemical applications, such as plasmonic sensing, photo-dynamic therapy, and florescence imaging are also reviewed.
High-performance, stable and low-cost mesoscopic perovskite (CH_3NH_3Pbl_3) solar cells based on poly(3-hexylthiophene)-modified carbon nanotube cathodes

This work explores the use of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) modified carbon nanotubes (CNTs@P3HT) for the cathodes of hole transporter free, mesoscopic perovskite (CH_3NH_3PbI_3) solar cells (PSCs), simultaneously achieving high-performance, high stability and low-cost PSCs. Here the thin P3HT modifier acts as an electron blocker to inhibit electron transfer into CNTs and a hydrophobic polymer binder to tightly cross-link the CNTs together to compact the carbon electrode film and greatly stabilize the solar cell. On the other hand, the presence of CNTs greatly improve the conductivity of P3HT. By optimizing the concentration of the P3HT modifier (2 mg/mL), we have improved the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of CNTs@P3HT based PSCs up to 13.43% with an average efficiency of 12.54%, which is much higher than the pure CNTs based PSCs (best PCE 10.59%) and the sandwich-type P3HT/CNTs based PSCs (best PCE 9.50%). In addition, the hysteresis of the CNTs@P3HT based PSCs is remarkably reduced due to the intimate interface between the perovskite and CNTs@P3HT electrodes. Degradation of the CNTs@ P3HT based PSCs is also strongly retarded as compared to cells employing the pure CNTs electrode when exposed to the ambient condition of 20%-40% humidity.