mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Influence of Pressboard Aging on PD Pulse Parameters

Combination of pressboard and mineral oil continues to be the choice of materials used as the insulation dielectric media in large transformers. The purpose of the reported study is to investigate the influence of pressboard aging on PD (partial discharge) pulse parameters. Ultra wide band (UWB) time-resolved PD pulse measurements were carried out on gas void inside pressboard. The rise rime, full time and width time of PD pulse in different aging degree pressboard are obtained. The result is helpful to better understanding the influence of the aging of pressboard on PD measurement and insulation diagnostics in power transformers.
Online Partial Discharge Measurement of a High-voltage Direct Current Converter Wall-bushing

An online partial discharge (PD) measurement performed on a high voltage direct current (HVDC) wall bushing successfully identified the presence of internal discharges. The wall bushing is a sulfur hexafluoride gas-insulated bushing, rated for 500 kV dc and terminated on a thyristor-controlled HVDC converter bridge. The measurement of PD within the HVDC station environment is particularly challenging due to the high levels of electromagnetic noise caused by thyristor switching events and external air-corona from the neighboring high-voltage equipment. An additional challenge is the "mixed" voltage stress on the bushing insulation, which has both ac and dc high-voltage components. There are also fast transients during the firing of thyristors in the HVDC conversion process that cause added stress to the insulation. As a result, the analysis and interpretation of PD data for HVDC equipment is more complex; PD pulses may occur in response to the ac, dc, or switching transient voltage stresses. In this paper, an online PD measurement strategy for noise filtering and isolation of PD sources within the bushing are discussed. The PD measurement data is plotted on a phase-resolved diagram where the line supply power cord voltage was used as a reference. The phase-resolved diagram appears to suggest that the fast transients, caused during switching, trigger some PD events. Measurements were also performed with the aid of a modern PD measurement instrument having noise separation capabilities. The findings from the online PD measurements are verified with physical evidence, found after the bushing was removed from service, suggested internal PD had occurred inside the bushing.
Influence of Nanosilica Filler Content in LDPE Composites on Partial Discharge Characteristics

Partial discharges (PDs) due to artificial void in samples of LDPE nanocomposite sheet have been investigated in this work. PDs may cause the degradation of insulating materials and may affect the lifetime of high-voltage apparatus. An experimental work using sphere ball-plane electrode system (CIGRE Method II) and a 1. 0 mm LDPE composite sheet was carried out. Different weight percentages of nanosilica (0%, 2%, 4%, 6% and 8%) were used. PD experimental results, such as PD magnitude and PD number (both PD pulse polarities), as functions of the applied stress duration at a specified applied voltage were compared. The surface morphology of specimens was also presented and this conforms to the PD findings. The experimental results show that the PD characteristics of the LDPE generally improve with the introduction of nanosilica, the composite with the highest content of filler, namely the 8% (wt) nanosilica sample has the least partial discharge activities.
Effect of Nano Filler Mixture on the Visual Aspect of Treeing Degradation in LDPE Based Composite

This paper deals with a digest on electrical treeing degradation in nanocomposite of magnesium oxide (MgO) added to a low-density polyethylene (LDPE). The objective is to elucidate the "visual" aspects of runaway stage of final treeing breakdown mechanisms, and to ensure that the existence of MgO filler itself is responsible for this aspect instead of voltage application changes. The "visual" aspect of treeing breakdown was investigated by applying ac ramp voltage with continuous rising speed of 0.5 kV/s. As soon as tree had been incepted, the voltage was kept constant to observe the tree propagation until breakdown. The tree propagations were also described by their fractal dimension. To ensure the responsibility of MgO filler on the "visual" aspect results, the experiment was repeated using the same rate of ac ramp voltage. However, as soon as tree had been incepted, the voltage was either increased or decreased to a constant value of mean tree inception voltage obtained from the preceding results to observe its propagation to breakdown. As a result, the tree inception voltage was increased with the filler concentration in LDPE. The filler is considered not only acted as a physical obstacle for tree to propagate, but also as a chemical obstacle in which the free electron might be trapped to cause difficulties for electron avalanche occurrence. This consideration could also be valid for tree propagation up to breakdown. During propagation, due to the filler, the tree structure is accompanied by more branches. Since the branches are closely placed each other, the tree tips become relatively uniform field compares to pure LDPE. This would produce the higher local breakdown strength at the tree tips, leads to the suppression of propagation. The "visual" aspect of breakdown could be achieved by applying voltage exactly at the inception level. After bridging the tree would not breakdown until a short period of time lag. Within this period, the tree channel will be eroded by internal flashover (IFO) and become thicker. MgO filler could still restrain the IFO at the small diameter; however there will be a maximum diameter above which the effect of MgO would be very small. Lastly, it is confirmed that the MgO filler itself excels to suppress the tree degradation instead of the voltage application changes. The polymer nanocomposite appears to be more resistive to treeing degradation than their base material.
大鼠钙化血管平滑肌细胞IP3R I表达的变化

目的检测大鼠血管平滑肌细胞(VSMCs)钙化过程中1，4，5三磷酸肌醇受体I型(IP3R I)表达水平的变化。方法采用磷酸二氢钠(NaH_2PO_4)诱导大鼠动脉VSMCs钙化，应用Western blot法及实时荧光定量反转录PCR法测定细胞钙化时IP3R I表达的变化。结果在VSMCs钙化时IP3R I表达水平明显增高(P< 0.01)。结论VSMCs的IP3R I表达增强可能参与了细胞钙化的发生。
肾综合征出血热合并多发性颅神经炎一例

讨论患者肾综合征出血热IgM抗体阳性，故诊断明确。病程中逐渐出现听力及视力下降，双眼外展受限，并出现球麻痹症状，考虑合并颅神经病变，分析原因可能为病毒感染后合并多发性颅神经炎、脑干脑炎或Guillain Barre综合征（颅神经型），但患者脱水治疗无效，脑脊液检查正常，结合患者同时伴有听力及视力下降，无外周神经损伤证据，考虑该患者合并多发性颅神经炎。肾综合征出血热并发颅神经病变临床少见，国内外曾有单独并发面神经、外展神经、滑车及动眼神经麻痹的报道，但本例患者合并多对颅神经麻痹，实属罕见，考虑与病毒感染后变态反应有关，临床上可应用B族维生素、糖皮质激素及丙种球蛋白冲击治疗，预后较好。
皮氏罗尔斯顿菌感染致肺内多发结节伴空洞一例

患者男性，30岁。2010年3月30日无诱因发热，体温39. 2℃，伴畏寒、寒战, 查血常规正常，静脉点滴头孢噻肟钠 (2 g、2次/d)后，最高体温降至37. 3?37. 4℃, 以午后升高为著。4月6日外院查胸部CT示双肺多结节（图1、2), 4月10日用莫西沙星（0.4 g、1次/d)、氟康唑（0.2 g、1次/d)、丁胺卡那（0.4 g、1次/d)抗感染治疗后未再发热。4月21日 我院胸部CT示双肺多发结节，部分空洞形成（图3、4)，继续口服莫西沙星（0.4 g、1次/d)、伊曲康唑（0. 1 g、2次/d) 治疗。既往史：身体健康。个人史：职业为检验科医师，接触痰标本。人院诊断:发热、肺内多发结节待查。人院后辅助检查：血常规正常；血1，3-β-D葡聚糖检测（G实验）阴性，血半乳甘露聚糖检测（GM实验）阴性，血隐球菌抗原阴性，血结核感染T细胞斑点试验（T-SPOT-TB)阴性，PPD阴性，痰抗酸染色阴性，风湿免疫相关指标及肿瘤相关标志物筛査 均阴性。评估免疫功能相关检查：免疫球蛋白均正常；淋巴细胞表型分析:NK细胞比例及计数显著升高，CD_4~+T细胞比 例减少、计数正常（801/mm~3) CD_4~+/CD_8~+比例正常；考虑患者体液免疫与细胞免疫正常。2010年5月4日行CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术，肺组织病原学结果：细菌涂片、真菌涂片+培养、抗酸染色、结核培养均阴性；肺组织细菌培养：皮氏罗尔斯顿菌(+ + +);肺组织全自动化 培养鉴定：皮氏罗尔斯顿菌，阳性报警时间10 h;肺组织病理：肺穿刺组织显示急性及慢性炎症，部分肺泡间隔增宽，纤 维组织增生，肺泡上皮增生，部分肺泡腔内见粉染物。5月11日复查胸部CT示肺内结节较前略变小（图5、6)。结合患者肺组织培养及治疗效果，考虑肺部感染，皮氏罗尔斯顿菌感染可能性大，停用伊曲康唑，莫西沙星（0.4 g、l次/d) 继续抗感染治疗，随诊4个月，患者肺内病变逐渐缩小吸收。
脊柱外科微创技术的发展与展望

总之，经过近40年的发展，脊柱微创技术取得了长足的进步，形成了细针穿刺、辅助内镜、通道技术、显微镜和胸腔镜下手术等不同治疗体系，这些方法在保留运动节段和防止相邻节段及减少手术创伤上具有优势。新的计算机导航、内镜及通道系统、治疗理念和术式已经让我们能够在最小的结构破坏、最小的创伤条件下达到最大的手术治疗目的。脊柱外科医生也正在循证医学的引领下开始理性看待减压、固定和融合术这些传统的治疗金标准，重新认识、评价脊柱的微创与开放、非融合与融合、间接与直接减压技术的孰与非。为了促进脊柱微创技术的发展，中华医学会骨科学分会将在2011年召开的第六届COA国际学术大会之后正式成立脊柱微创学组。我们有理由相信，建立在科学证据和循证理性思考基础上的患者个体化微创治疗策略，会给广大患者带来新的人性化治疗选择和希望。
日立全实验室自动化系统的介绍

1981年，被誉为“自动化之父”的佐佐木匡秀在日本高知医院建成了全球第一条全实验室自动化（total laboratoryautomation,TLA)系统。随着TLA的发展，日本各大学附属医院迅速建成或大或小的TLA系统。日立（Hitachi)公司在第1代临床实验室自动化系统（clinical laboratory automatic system 1, CLAS1)运行10年后，推出了CLAS2--模块组合式全自动化系统。近年来，CLAS3的概念在此基础上产生：以将标本进样、条码识别、离心、母管分注成子管等功能集于一身的全自动标本前处理模块（pre-analytical modular, PAM)连接日立全自动生化分析仪为基本，开放性地容纳其他厂家的分析系统，同时支持非在线分析仪的样本分析，共同组成分析工作岛群。现就日立TLA系统作一简单介绍。
室内质控实时在线监控方案的设计和实施

目的通过实施临床生物化学、免疫学、血液细胞学分析的室内质控数据的实时监控方案，为本省临床检验结果互认提供可靠的质量保证依据。方法设计网络化的管理模式，开发专用软件对本省临床实验室的室内质控数据进行实时监控。结果各级临床实验室用统一的软件对室内质控进行管理，室内质控数据可及时传到本省临检中心，当失控时省临检中心可通过双向联系提供技术指导，帮助其及时纠正失控。结论新的模式提高了工作效率，并能及时获得室内质控原始数据，为临床检验结果互认提供了质量保障。
The aggressive invasion of exotic reptiles in Florida with a focus on prominent species: A review

Florida, along with Hawaii, has among the two worst invasive species problems in the USA, and the state is especially susceptible to establishment by alien reptiles. Besides the large numbers of established non-native reptile species in Florida, many of these species present novel difficulties for management, or have other characteristics making effective management extremely challenging. Moreover, initiation of management action requires more than recognition by experts that a potentially harmful species has become established. It also requires the political will along with concomitant resources and appropriate personnel to develop effective methods and apply them. We review the situation in Florida, including assessment of risk for establishment, and we use a subset of prominent species to illustrate in more detail the array of invasive reptile species circumstances in Florida, including routes of introduction, impacts, and potential and implemented management actions. These examples not only highlight the severity of the invasive reptile problems in the state, but they also show the diversity in resolve and response towards them and the motivating factors [Current Zoology 57 (5): 599-612, 2011].
写在IPCC关于极端气候事件评估特别报告发表之际

尚需强调的是，目前的预估主要利用全球气候模式，相对于其他气象要素，模式对极端气候事件的模拟效果最差，特别在区域尺度。另一方面，未来人类活动是复杂的，再加上自然强迫在模式的未来预估中尚未考虑或考虑不够。这些都会带来对未来极端气候事件和有关现象预估的不确定性。
杂交水稻新组合全优2689的产量结构分析

通过对全优2689的产量结构进行分析，结果表明：应用简单相关分析，有效穗数、株高、穗长、每穗总粒数、结实率、千粒重等各因子与产量的相关性均不显著；而应用偏相关分析和通径分析，6个因子中有效穗数、穗长、每穗总粒数和千粒重等4个因子对产量的影响均达到极显著水平，其中有效穗数、每穗总粒数和千粒重的影响是正效应，穗长的影响是负效应。在栽培中应主攻每穗总粒数，注意追施穗肥，增加一次枝梗和二次枝梗上的粒数及着粒密度，从而增加每穗总粒数，同时协调好每穗总粒数、有效穗数、千粒重三者之间的关系，充分发挥该品种的增产潜力。
杂交水稻制种生产中南方水稻黑条矮缩病等病毒性病害综合防治技术

根据杂交水稻制种生产异交栽培的特殊性，重点抓好秧苗期、大田回青期和分蘖期等关键时期的稻飞虱、叶蝉防治技术措施，可有效防治杂交水稻制种生产中的南方水稻黑条矮缩病、瘤矮病、黄矮病等病毒性病害。
两系杂交水稻种子纯度检测方法的比较

为了探讨两系杂交水稻种子纯度检测的科学方法,采用5个品种共139个批次的两系杂交水稻种子为材料,采用海南异季、安徽肥西本地正季田间种植鉴定以及酯酶同工酶室内检测等3种方法，进行了纯度检测结果的比较分析。结果表明:3种检测方法的检测结果均达到极显著相关，具有较好的一致性。将3种方法有机结合形成一个两系杂交水稻种子纯度的综合检测体系并进行推广应用，可以为两系杂交水稻种子生产、推广和经营提供准确、快速、低成本的质量保证体系。
水稻光温敏核不育系C815S在海南保亭冬繁关键技术研究

研究了插栽密度、赶粉、喷“九二○”等关键栽术对水稻光温敏核不育系C815S在海南保亭冬繁产量的影响。结果表明： C815S可在海南保亭进行冬季繁殖，在11月中旬播种，育性敏感期处在1月下旬至2月上中旬，在插栽密度较低条件下其结实率 可达72.7%，产量可达4.34 t/hm~2;C815S繁殖的适宜移栽密度是30.3万穴/hm~2；赶粉对C815S繁殖产量的提高最为经济有效； 喷施“九二○”对C815S繁殖产量的提高不明显，生产中可以不使用。
Influences of Long-Term Fertilizer and Tillage Management on Soil Fertility of the North China Plain

In the North China Plain, fertilizer management and tillage practices have been changing rapidly during the last three decades; however, the influences of long-term fertilizer applications and tillage systems on fertility of salt-affected soils have not been well understood under a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-maize (Zea mays L.) annual double cropping system. A field experiment was established in 1985 on a Cambosol at the Quzhou Experimental Station, China Agricultural University, to investigate the responses of soil fertility to fertilizer and tillage practices. The experiment was established as an orthogonal design with nine treatments of different tillage methods and/or fertilizer applications. In October 2001, composite soil samples were collected from the 0-20 and 20-40 cm layers and analyzed for soil fertility indices. The results showed that after 17 years of nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) fertilizer and straw applications, soil organic matter (SOM) in the top layer was increased significantly from 7.00 to 9.30-13.14 g kg~(-1) in the 0-20 cm layer and from 4.00 to 5.48-7.75 g kg~(-1) in the 20-40 cm layer. Soil total N (TN) was increased significantly from 0.37 and 0.22 to 0.79-1.11 and 0.61-0.73 g N kg~(-1) in the 0-20 and 20-40 cm layers, respectively, with N fertilizer application; however, there was no apparent effect of straw application on TN content. The amounts of soil total P (TP) and rapidly available P (RP) were increased significantly from 0.60 to 0.67-1.31 g kg~(-1) in the 0-20 cm layer and from 0.52 to 0.60-0.73 g kg~(-1) in the 20-40 cm layer with P fertilizer application, but were decreased with combined N and P fertilizer applications. The applications of N and P. fertilizers significantly increased the crop yields, but decreased the rapidly available potassium (RK) in the soil. Straw return could only meet part of the crop potassium requirements. Our results also suggested that though some soil fertility parameters were maintained or enhanced under the long-term fertilizer and straw applications, careful soil quality monitoring was necessary as other nutrients could be depleted. Spreading straw on soil surface before tillage and leaving straw at soil surface without tillage were two advantageous practices to increase SOM accumulation in the surface layer. Plowing the soil broke aggregates and increased aeration of the soil, which led to enhanced organic matter mineralization.
Soil Fertility Indices of Citrus Orchard Land Along Topographic Gradients in the Three Gorges Area of China

In the Three Gorges Area of China, soil erosion and the resultant non-point source pollution and ecological degradation have endangered agricultural ecosystems and fresh water reservoirs. Although efforts have been undertaken to reduce soil and water losses from slope land used for citrus production, information on the effects of management practices on soil fertility indices is either limited or nonexistent. This study was conducted to compare the effects of 10 years of various management practices, citrus intercropped with white clover (WC), citrus mulched with straw (SM), citrus intercropped with contour hedgerows (CH), citrus orchard land with impermeable membrane (IM), and citrus intercropped with wheat (Triticum aestivum) and peanut (Arachris hypogaea) (WP), as treatments on soil fertility indices with that of the conventional citrus management (CM). Results showed that the soil organic carbon, total and available nitrogen, available potassium, and water-stable aggregate (> 0.25 mm) contents at the 0.5 cm depth were higher for the WC and SM treatments than the CM treatment. There was also spatial variation in soil fertility along slopes of the WC and SM treatments. The soil total and available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and water-stable aggregate (> 0.25 mm) contents at both the 0-5 and 5-20 cm depths were higher for the CH and IM treatments than the CM treatment. The average soil available nitrogen and available potassium contents were higher for the WP treatment than the CM treatment, but the WP treatment had little effect on the soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and water-stable aggregate (> 0.25 mm) contents. These suggested that white clover intercropping and straw mulching were the most effective approaches to improve soil fertility in citrus orchard land of the Three Gorges area.
Recovery and Leaching of ~15N-Labeled Coated Urea in a Lysimeter System in the North China Plain

The effectiveness of polyolefin-coated urea (Meister-5 and Meister-10; CU) in a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-maize (Zea mays L.) rotation system was studied in lysimeter plots located in the North China Plain for three consecutive maize- wheat-maize cropping seasons. An isotopic method was used to compare the fate of CU to that of non-coated urea (NCU), and N application rates of 0, 100, 150 and 225 kg N ha~(-1) were evaluated. The results showed that the nitrogen use efficiency (~(15)NUE) of CU was 13.3%-21.4% greater than that of NCU for the first crop. Alternatively, when the difference method was applied (apparent NUE), no significant variations were observed among treatments in all three seasons. Although inorganic N leached from the 1.3 m layer was less than 1% of the total applied N, unidentified losses of ~(15)N (losses of ~(15)N = ~(15)N applied as fertilizer - ~(15)N absorbed by crops - ~(15)N remaining in the 0-0.2 m layer - ~(15)N leached from the 1.3 m layer) in CU-treated plots were 24.2%-26.5% lower than those of NCU-treated plots. The nitrate concentration in the 0-1.3 m layer of CU plots at the end of the experiment was 53% lower than that of NCU-treated plots. Thus, CU increased crop N uptake from fertilizer and reduced unidentified losses of applied N, which can reduce the risk of groundwater pollution.
Grass Cover Influences Hydrophysical Parameters and Heterogeneity of Water Flow in a Sandy Soil

Vegetation cover has a major effect on water flow in soils. Two sites, separated by distance of about 50 m, were selected to quantify the influence of grass cover on hydrophysical parameters and heterogeneity of water flow in a sandy soil emerging during a heavy rain following a long hot, dry period. A control soil (pure sand) with limited impact of vegetation or organic matter was obtained by sampling at 50 cm depth beneath a glade area, and a grassland soil was covered in a 10 cm thick humic layer and colonised by grasses. The persistence of water repellency was measured using the water drop penetration time test, sorptivity and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity using a mini disk infiltrometer, and saturated hydraulic conductivity using a double-ring infiltrometer. Dye tracer experiments were used to assess the heterogeneity of water flow, and both the modified method for estimating effective cross section and an original method for assessing the degree of preferential flow were used to quantify this heterogeneity from the images of dyed soil profiles. Most hydrophysical parameters were substantially different between the two surfaces. The grassland soil had an index of water repellency about 10 times that of pure sand and the persistence of water repellency almost 350 times that of pure sand. Water and ethanol sorptivities in the grassland soil were 7% and 43%, respectively, of those of the pure sand. Hydraulic conductivity and saturated hydraulic conductivities in the grassland soil were 5% and 16% of those of the pure sand, respectively. Dye tracer experiments revealed a stable flow with "air-draining" condition in pure sand and well-developed preferential flow in grassland soil, corresponding to individual grass tussocks and small micro-depressions. The grassland soil was substantially more water repellent and had 3 times the degree of preferential flow compared to pure sand. The results of this study reinforce our view that the consequences of any change in climate, which will ultimately influence hydrology, will be markedly different between grasslands and bare soils.
Decomposition of Different Litter Fractions in a Subtropical Bamboo Ecosystem as Affected by Experimental Nitrogen Deposition

As an important component of the global carbon (C) budget, litter decomposition in terrestrial ecosystems is greatly affected by the increasing nitrogen (N) deposition observed globally. We hypothesized that different litter fractions derived from a single tree species may respond to N deposition differently depending on the quality of the litter substrate. To test the hypothesis, a two-year field experiment was conducted using the litterbag method in a Pleioblastus amarus plantation in the rainy region of Southwest China. Four N treatment levels were applied: control (no N added), low-N (50 kg N ha~(-1) year~(-1)), medium-N (150 kg N ha~(-1) year~(-1)), and high-N (300 kg N ha~(-1) year~(-1)). We observed different patterns of mass loss for the three P. amarus litter fractions (leaves, sheaths, and twigs) of varying substrate quality in the control plots. There were two decomposition stages with different decay rates (fast rate in early stages and slow rate in the later stages) for leaves and sheaths, while we did not observe a slower phase for the decay of twigs during the 2-year study period. The annual decomposition rate (k) of twigs was significantly lower than that of leaves or sheaths. Addition of N slowed the decomposition of leaves and twigs in the later stages of decomposition by inhibiting the decay of lignin and cellulose, while addition of N did not affect the mass loss of sheaths during the study period. In the decomposition of all three litter fractions, experimental N deposition reduced the net N accumulation in the early stages and also decreased the net N release in the later stages. The results of this study suggest that litter substrate quality may be an important factor affecting litter decomposition in a bamboo ecosystem affected by N deposition.
肿瘤相关成纤维细胞影响肿瘤微环境的研究进展

肿瘤相关成纤维细胞(CAF)是从肿瘤组织中分离到的一种活化的成纤维细胞，是肿瘤生长和进展的重要因素。近年来发现CAF不仅可以通过旁分泌的方式促进肿瘤细胞的生长和转移，而且通过与其他细胞的相互作用调节血管的形成和肿瘤免疫。
《项目指南》和《中国科学基金》推动科学基金精细化管理

正值国家自然科学基金（以下简称科学基金）实施第25周年之际，作为一名热爱科学基金管理的基层工作者，我见证并参与了国家自然科学基金委员会（以下简称自然科学基金委）在“十一五”期间对科学基金精细化管理的不断探索和实践~([1-3])。作为目前我国管理最规范的科研基金，科学基金管理一直是各类科研基金管理的样板，其运行模式也一直在不断完善和发展。一谈起科学基金，我们基层管理者总是掩饰不住溢美之词，我们热爱科学基金管理，更热爱自然科学基金委创办并不断创新的科学基金文化。科学基金文化不仅体现在科学基金精细化管理的过程中，更体现在其推动科研人员及科研管理工作者不断学习和创新中。我们发现，《项目指南》对我国基础研究的创新导向及作为基金申报的重要依据，在科学基金精细化管理中极其重要，而《中国 科学基金》杂志25年来也一直伴随着科学基金事业的成长，成为科学基金文化建设最重要的载体。自然科学基金委于1986年2月14日成立，第一部科学基金项目指南-《1987年度国家自然科学基金项目指南》于1987年1月25日出版并在全国发行，同年7月，《中国科学基金》杂志也创刊发行。25年来，《项目指南》和《中国科学基金》杂志一直在驱动科学基金精细化管理的不断深入。
科学基金项目依托单位的精细化管理——从美国北卡罗莱那州立大学科研项目管理谈起

2011年是我国科学基金制实施25周年。经历了25年的发展历程，作为国家科研资助体系的重要组成部分，科学基金制在我国从一个新鲜事物不断生根发芽、发展壮大，在科技界已经深人人心。在25周年这个特殊的时间节点上，回顾科学基金项目支持下所取得的丰硕科研成果的同时，我们发现科学基金制本身在我国本土化、法制化、规范化的道路上已迈出了一步步坚实的步伐，积累了宝贵的经验。面向国家“十二五”计划、面向科学基金下一个25年，如何总结经验、推进卓越管理战略，是每一位基金人面临的新的课题。
尿碘与甲状腺肿大率曲线的相关问题研究

采用文献检索和数据分析的方法， 检索近几年有关尿碘与甲状腺肿大（简 称甲肿）率的文献，并分析1999、2002、2005年中国国家碘缺乏病监测以 及特殊针对碘过量和碘缺乏地区的 2005年高水碘地区调查和2007年的高 危地区调查数据~[1-4]中有关尿碘与甲肿 率曲线的问题。文中所有的数据均以 8~10岁学龄儿童作为调查对象，从6 个方面阐述了尿碘与甲肿率曲线相关的 问题，包括：尿碘与甲肿率曲线的形状； 尿碘与哪种衡量甲肿情况的指标做出的 曲线最有代表性；尿碘与B超甲肿率曲 线的波动情况；尿碘与D度甲肿检出率 曲线随补碘时间变化的“波浪效应”;尿 碘与触诊甲肿率曲线和尿碘与B超甲肿 率曲线在不同碘水平地区的差别以及尿 碘与甲肿率曲线的影响因素。具体分析 内容如下。
Abdominal obesity in females: a problem in South Asia receiving insufficient attention

Abdominal obesity (AO) has become a major health problem to most of the Asian communities. The severity and consequences of AO are higher among females. It has virtually become an epidemic in most South Asian countries and the health care systems in this region are likely to be challenged by one of the biggest health issues in the near future. Yet, the recognition of the magnitude of the problem by health authorities is poor. The purpose of this paper is to motivate health care professionals, planners and policy makers towards better control of the epidemic of AO while highlighting the paucity of evidence on clinical management of AO from the South Asian region.