mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Insight into the effect of Ge modification on the oxidation of NbSi_2 from first-principles calculations

The effect of Ge modification on the oxidation of NbSi_2 was performed by using the first-principles method based on Density Functional Theory (DFT).The O_2 molecule absorption configurations on the ideal NbSi_2 (001) surface with and without Ge substitution was constructed to study the initial oxidation behavior as well as oxygen diffusion in the bulk NbSi_2 cell in the late oxidation stage.Ge substitution was found to decrease the absorption energy of O_2 molecule on the NbSi_2 (001) surface and therefore reduce the oxidation rate in the initial oxidation stage.The further linear synchronous transit (LST) calculation revealed that Ge substitution increased the energy barrier of O atom diffusion in the bulk NbSi_2 cell and decreased the oxidation rate in the late stage.
Flexible free-standing polyaniline/poly(vinyl alcohol) composite electrode with good capacitance performance and shape memory behavior

The increasing demand for portable and flexible energy storage devices drives the development of flexible electrodes and electrolytes.The aim of this work is to fabricate the flexible free-standing polyaniline/poly (vinyl alcohol) (PANI/PVA) composite electrode with good capacitance performance and shape memory behavior.The electrodes were fabricated by chemical oxidation polymerization of aniline in porous PVA (P-PVA) films.The morphology,electrochemical and mechanical properties of PANI/P-PVA electrodes were studied by scanning electron microscope,cyclic voltammetry,galvanostatic charge-discharge,and tensile test etc.The results revealed that the flexible PANI/P-PVA-1 electrode had good specific capacitance of 173.86 mF cm~(-2) at 1 mA cm~(-2),with the capacitance retention of 70.16% after 4000 charge-discharge cycles.Besides,it had excellent heat-induced shape memory effect.The fixed shape could completely recover to its original shape within 10 s at 80 ℃,which is above the glass transition temperature (75.89 ℃) of PANI/P-PVA-1.The comparatively tensile strength (2.86 MPa) and high elongation at break (315.72%) indicated its outstanding flexibility.Up to 200 times folding had no effect on the electrochemical properties.The free-standing polymer electrodes with excellent comprehensive performance provide potential applications in flexible energy-storage devices,electronic encapsulation and high stretchable electric devices etc.
Electrode/electrolyte interface and interface reactions of solid oxide cells:Recent development and advances

High temperature solid oxide cells (SOCs) consisted of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) are considered one of the most environmentally friendly and efficient energy conversion technology to store renewal energy from sun and wind in hydrogen and generate electricity from the fuels such as hydrogen and natural gas with high efficiency and very low greenhouse gas emission.Over the last few decades,the development of SOC technologies in particularly SOFCs has experienced significant progress and much of the recent research have paid great efforts in understanding the processes occurring at the electrode/electrolyte interfaces.As electrochemical reactions mainly proceed at the gas,electrode and electrolyte three phase boundaries (TPBs),the microstructure and properties of the electrode/electrolyte interfaces thus play a crucial role in determining the overall cell performance and durability.Herein,we review the progress and achievements in the fundamental researches of the electrode/electrolyte (mainly oxygen-conducting) interface evolution behavior under open circuit and polarization conditions.Studies involving interfacial phenomena such as interface formation and reactions,element segregation and diffusion,micropore formation and delamination are summarized and discussed in detail.Besides,the state of the art characterization techniques that have been employed to examine the interface behavior are reviewed.Finally,the challenges and prospects of the interface research in the improvement of the performance and durability of a SOC device are discussed.
Novel rat model of multiple mitochondrial dysfunction syndromes (MMDS) complicated with cardiomyopathy

Background: Multiple mitochondrial dysfunction syndromes (MMDS) presents as complex mitochondrial damage, thus impairing a variety of metabolic pathways. Heart dysplasia has been reported in MMDS patients; however, the specific clinical symptoms and pathogenesis remain unclear. More urgently, there is a lack of an animal model to aid research. Therefore, we selected a reported MMDS causal gene, Iscal, and established an animal model of MMDS complicated with cardiac dysplasia. Methods: The myocardium-specific Iscal knockout heterozygote (Isca1 HET) rat was obtained by crossing the Iscal conditional knockout (Iscal cKO) rat with the a myosin heavy chain Cre (a-MHC-Cre) rat. Cardiac development characteristics were determined by ECG, blood pressure measurement, echocardiography and histopathological analysis. The responsiveness to pathological stimuli were observed through adriamycin treatment. Mitochondria and metabolism disorder were determined by activity analysis of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex and ATP production in myocardium. Results: ISCA1 expression in myocardium exhibited a semizygous effect. Isca1 HET rats exhibited dilated cardiomyopathy characteristics, including thin-walled ventricles, larger chambers, cardiac dysfunction and myocardium fibrosis. Downregulated ISCA1 led to deteriorating cardiac pathological processes at the global and organizational levels. Meanwhile, HET rats exhibited typical MMDS characteristics, including damaged mitochondrial morphology and enzyme activity for mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I, II and IV, and impaired ATP production. Conclusion: We have established a rat model of MMDS complicated with cardiomyopathy, it can also be used as model of myocardial energy metabolism dysfunction and mitochondrial cardiomyopathy. This model can be applied to the study of the mechanism of energy metabolism in cardiovascular diseases, as well as research and development of drugs.
Heterozygous lipoprotein lipase knockout mice exhibit impaired hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell compartment

Background: Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) maintain the hematopoietic system homeostasis through self-renewal and multilineage differentiation potential. HSC are regulated by the microenvironment, cytokine signaling, and transcription factors. Recent results have shown that lipid pathways play a key role in the regulation of HSC quiescence, proliferation, and division. However, the mechanism by which lipid metabolism regulates HSC proliferation and differentiation remains to be clarified. Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is an essential enzyme in the anabolism and catabolism of very low-density lipoprotein, chylomicrons, and triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. Methods: The percentage of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells and immune cells were determined by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). The function and the mechanism of HSCs were analyzed by cell colony forming assay and qPCR analysis. The changes in LPL~(+/-) HSC microenvironment were detected by transplantation assays using red fluorescent protein (RFP) transgenic mice. Results: To explore the function of LPL in HSC regulation, heterozygous LPL-knockout mice (LPL~(+/-)) were established and analyzed by FACS. LPL~(+/-) mice displayed decreased hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell compartments. In vitro single-cell clonogenic assays and cell-cycle assays using FACS promoted the cell cycle and increased proliferation ability. qPCR analysis showed the expression of p57~(KIP2) and p21~(WAF1/CIP1) in LPL~(+/-) mice was upregulated. Conclusions: LPL~(+/-) mice exhibited HSC compartment impairment due to promotion of HSC proliferation, without any effects on the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment.
Can Earthen Architectural Heritage Save Us?

Contemporary architecture seems to turn its back on the past in terms of the raw materials taken from the environment, their transformation into building components and the way they are assembled to create buildings. The global challenge of preserving the environment forces us to rethink the way we produce architecture today. Within this challenge, the past shows us possible ways to fill the gap between tradition and modernity. However, we need to understand what motivates people to abandon ancestral materials and knowledge for materials that they cannot manufacture or use themselves. Is this transformation to industrial materials and forms irreversible? Is there nothing we can learn from our rich past? How can we revive endogenous knowledge to produce environmentally wise architecture? These are the questions that the authors, who have been working on the revival of earthen heritage for over 20 years, wish to answer.
Adaptation of mammals to hypoxia

Oxygen plays a pivotal role in the metabolism and activities of mammals. However, oxygen is restricted in some environments—subterranean burrow systems or habitats at high altitude or deep in the ocean—and this could exert hypoxic stresses such as oxidative damage on organisms living in these environments. In order to cope with these stresses, organisms have evolved specific strategies to adapt to hypoxia, including changes in physiology, gene expression regulation, and genetic mutations. Here, we review how mammals have adapted to the three high-altitude plateaus of the world, the limited oxygen dissolved in deep water habitats, and underground tunnels, with the aim of better understanding the adaptation of mammals to hypoxia.
Microdevice for directional axodendritic connectivity between micro 3D neuronal cultures

Neuronal cultures are widely used in neuroscience research.However, the randomness of circuits in conventional cultures prevents accurate in vitro modeling of cortical development and of the pathogenesis of neurological and psychiatric disorders.A basic feature of cortical circuits that is not captured in standard cultures of dissociated cortical cells is directional connectivity.In this work, a polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)-based device that achieves directional connectivity between micro 3D cultures is demonstrated.The device consists of through-holes for micro three-dimensional(µ3D)clusters of cortical cells connected by microtrenches for axon and dendrite guidance.The design of the trenches relies in part on the concept of axonal edge guidance, as well as on the novel concept of specific dendrite targeting.This replicates dominant excitatory connectivity in the cortex, enables the guidance of the axon after it forms a synapse in passing(an "en passant" synapse), and ensures that directional selectivity is preserved over the lifetime of the culture.The directionality of connections was verified morphologically and functionally.Connections were dependent on glutamatergic synapses.The design of this device has the potential to serve as a building block for the reconstruction of more complex cortical circuits in vitro.
Liver-specific microRNA-185 knockout promotes cholesterol dysregulation in mice

Background: The liver plays a key role in regulating whole body cholesterol homeostasis. Hepatic cholesterol accumulation causes liver injury in fatty liver disease and hypercholesterolemia increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) have been shown to regulate various pathways in cholesterol metabolism. Recently, miR-185 has been shown to regulate sterol regulatory elementbinding protein 2 (SREBP2) and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) to modulate cholesterol synthesis and uptake. Materials and methods: The role of miR-185 in regulating diet-induced metabolic disorders were studied in liver-specific miRNA-185 knockout (L-miR-185 KO) mice. Results: L-miR-185 KO mice developed worsened hepatic steatosis upon high-fat high-cholesterol Western diet feeding with accumulation of triglyceride and cholesterol in the liver. In addition, L-miR-185 KO mice developed hypercholesterolemia upon Western diet feeding. Gene expression analysis showed that L-miR-185 KO mice did not show increased hepatic mRNA expression of SREBP2 or its targets LDLR and HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR). Although expression of miR-185 mimic inhibited the mRNA of SREBP2, HMGCR and LDLR in HepG2 cells, miR-185 inhibitor did not increase the mRNA of SREBP2, HMGCR or LDLR in HepG2 cells. Conclusions: In conclusion, we reported that L-miR-185 KO mice were more sensitive to Western diet induced hepatic steatosis and hypercholesterolemia. The molecular mechanisms underlying these metabolic changes remain to be investigated in future studies.
A large-area single-filament infrared emitter and its application in a spectroscopic ethanol gas sensing system

Nondispersive infrared(NDIR)spectroscopy is an important technology for highly accurate and maintenance-free sensing of gases, such as ethanol and carbon dioxide.However, NDIR spectroscopy systems are currently too expensive, e.g., for consumer and automotive applications, as the infrared(IR)emitter is a critical but costly component of these systems.Here, we report on a low-cost large-area IR emitter featuring a broadband emission spectrum suitable for small NDIR gas spectroscopy systems.The infrared emitter utilizes Joule heating of a Kanthal(FeCrAl)filament that is integrated in the base substrate using an automated high-speed wire bonding process, enabling simple and rapid formation of a long meander-shaped filament.We describe the critical infrared emitter characteristics, including the effective infrared emission spectrum, thermal frequency response, and power consumption.Finally, we integrate the emitter into a handheld breath alcohol analyzer and show its operation in both laboratory and real-world settings, thereby demonstrating the potential of the emitter for future low-cost optical gas sensor applications.
Exploiting rotational asymmetry for sub-50 nm mechanical nanocalligraphy

Nanofabrication has experienced extraordinary progress in the area of lithography-led processes over the last decades, although versatile and adaptable techniques addressing a wide spectrum of materials are still nascent.Scanning probe lithography(SPL)offers the capability to readily pattern sub-100 nm structures on many surfaces;however, the technique does not scale to dense and multi-lengthscale structures.Here, we demonstrate a technique, which we term nanocalligraphy scanning probe lithography(nc-SPL), that overcomes these limitations.Nc-SPL employs an asymmetric tip and exploits its rotational asymmetry to generate structures spanning the micron to nanometer lengthscales through real-time linewidth tuning.Using specialized tip geometries and by precisely controlling the patterning direction, we demonstrate sub-50 nm patterns while simultaneously improving on throughput, tip longevity, and reliability compared to conventional SPL.We further show that nc-SPL can be employed in both positive and negative tone patterning modes, in contrast to conventional SPL.This underlines the potential of this technique for processing sensitive surfaces such as 2D materials, which are prone to tip-induced shear or beam-induced damage.
Cellular senescence in musculoskeletal homeostasis, diseases, and regeneration

Emerging insights into cellular senescence highlight the relevance of senescence in musculoskeletal disorders, which represent the leading global cause of disability. Cellular senescence was initially described by Hayflick et al. in 1961 as an irreversible nondividing state in in vitro cell culture studies. We now know that cellular senescence can occur in vivo in response to various stressors as a heterogeneous and tissue-specific cell state with a secretome phenotype acquired after the initial growth arrest. In the past two decades, compelling evidence from preclinical models and human data show an accumulation of senescent cells in many components of the musculoskeletal system. Cellular senescence is therefore a defining feature of age-related musculoskeletal disorders, and targeted elimination of these cells has emerged recently as a promising therapeutic approach to ameliorate tissue damage and promote repair and regeneration of the skeleton and skeletal muscles. In this review, we summarize evidence of the role of senescent cells in the maintenance of bone homeostasis during childhood and their contribution to the pathogenesis of chronic musculoskeletal disorders, including osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and sarcopenia. We highlight the diversity of the senescent cells in the microenvironment of bone, joint, and skeletal muscle tissue, as well as the mechanisms by which these senescent cells are involved in musculoskeletal diseases. In addition, we discuss how identifying and targeting senescent cells might positively affect pathologic progression and musculoskeletal system regeneration.
Low-noise amplification of dissipative Kerr soliton microcomb lines via optical injection locking lasers

The dissipative Kerr soliton microcomb provides a promising laser source for wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) communication systems thanks to its compatibility with chip integration. However, the soliton microcomb commonly suffers from a low-power level due to the intrinsically limited energy conversion efficiency from the continuous-wave pump laser to ultra-short solitary pulses. Here, we exploit laser injection locking to amplify and equalize dissipative Kerr soliton comb lines, superior gain factor larger than 30 dB, and optical-signal-to-noise-ratio (OSNR) as high as 60 dB obtained experimentally, providing a potential pathway to constitute a high-power chip-integrated WDM laser source for optical communications.
Haversian bone-mimicking bioceramic scaffolds enhancing MSC-macrophage osteo-imunomodulation

The interaction between immune cells and bone forming cells plays a vital role in maintaining the homeostasis of the skeletal system, and is regulated by the three-dimensional structure of tissues. Whether the construction of biomaterials can activate or reproduce this spatial "cross-talk" between immune cells and bone forming cells in bone natural formation process is a prerequisite for successful fracture healing and bone regeneration. Herein, a bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)/macrophages-laden Haversian bone-mimicking bioceramic scaffold was successfully prepared through the biomimetic design of biomaterials and 3D printing technology. MSCs and macrophages were respectively distributed in the cancellous bone and Haversian canals of the scaffold to simulate the three-dimensional structure regulation of the cell spatial distribution and multiple intercellular interaction in natural bone tissue, and worked in concert to modulate the scaffold material-mediated osteo-immune microenvironment. The in vitro study revealed that the pro-inflammatory response of macrophages was more significantly inhibited when distributed with MSCs in the scaffolds at a cell ratio of 0.5:1 for co-culture, in comparison with multicellular culture at other ratios and unicellular culture. Meanwhile, MSCs exhibited the relatively high osteogenic potential, most likely via the activation of certain key signaling pathways mediated by macrophagesderived paracrine signaling mediators (OSM, BMP-2, and WNT1Ob). This work not only establishes a bionic platform for the regulation of multicellular osteo-immune response and regeneration but also offers a promising tissue-engineered biomimetic scaffold with improved immunomodulatory function for promoting bone tissue regeneration.
Effect of harvest time on the chemical composition and antioxidant capacity of Gannan navel orange (Citrus sinensis L.Osbeck ‘Newhall' juice

The present study investigates the chemical composition and antioxidant capacity of juice from the Gannan navel orange,which is harvested at one- to two-week intervals during the ripening period.The total soluble solid (TSS),total polyphenol content (TPC),total flavonoid content (TFC),sucrose and hesperidin contents gradually increase with the ripening of the fruit,followed by slight declines at the late maturity stage.Contrary to these observations,the contents of titratable acid (TA),vitamin C (Vc),and limonin trend downward throughout the ripening period.However,the contents of fructose,glucose,and narirutin fluctuate throughout the harvest time.Three in vitro antioxidant assays consistently indicate that the harvest time exerts no significant influence (P>0.01) on the antioxidant capacity.Furthermore,principal component analysis (PCA) and Pearson's correlation test are performed to provide an overview of the complete dataset.This study provides valuable information for evaluating the fruit quality and determining when to harvest the fruit in order to meet the preferences of consumers.Meanwhile,our observations suggest that the fruits subjected to juice processing should be harvested at the late maturity stage to alleviate the "delayed bitterness" problem without compromising the antioxidant capacity and the flavonoid content in the juice.
Genome-wide analysis of the CCCH zinc finger family in longan:Characteristic identification and expression profiles in Dimocarpus longan Lour

CCCH (C3H) Zinc finger (Znf) transcription factors (TFs),as a novel type of Znf gene,regulate the expression of genes by binding to their mRNAs and play important roles in plant growth and development and abiotic stress resistance.Longan (Dimocarpous longan) is a tropical/subtropical fruit tree of great economic importance in Southeast Asia.However,genomic information on C3H and their functions in longan are still unknown.In this study,a comprehensive analysis of the longan C3H (DlC3H) gene family was carried out.A total of 49 DlC3H genes in three clades were identified from the longan genome database.Characteristics of the genes were analyzed with respect to gene structure,motif composition,phylogenetic tree and potential functions.The analysis of alternative splicing (AS) events suggested that AS events in DlC3H genes were related to the transformation from longan non-embryonic to embryonic cultures.Promoter analysis indicated that most of the DlC3H genes included cis-acting elements associated with hormones and stresses responses.Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis indicated that 26 of the 49 DlC3Hs,which possess methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and abscisic acid (ABA) responsive cis-acting elements,showed differential expression patterns under treatment with ABA,MeJA and their endogenous inhibitors,suggesting that DlC3Hs might be involved in the ABA and MeJA signaling pathways.The expression profiles of 17 of the 49 DlC3Hs in non-embryonic callus and three tissues of embryonic cultures showed that only five of the 17 DlC3Hs had the same expression trends as the FPKM trends in transcriptome data;the expression levels of DlC3H07/14/16/36/49 in embryogenic callus and DlC3H04/38 in globular embryos were high,suggesting that they have different functions in embryonic development.Further,we verified that DlC3H01/03/05/11/19/39 were regulated by sRNAs by a modified 5' RLM-RACE method.This study provides the first systematic analysis of C3H genes in longan,and found that C3H genes may be involved in hormone and stress responses,and somatic embryogenesis.Our preliminary investigation may provide clues to further studies on the characteristics and functions of this family in longan.