mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
New opportunities and challenges in surveying underground cavities using photogrammetric methods

The exploitation of the underground is currently undergoing a major transformation process.Besides mining,alternative ways of utilization are playing an increasingly important role.These alternative utilizations include the storage of gases,the disposal of radioactive wastes,and the implementation of geothermal storage facilities.In addition,more and more mining operations are being shut down,like the German hard coal mining industry in 2018.But the integrity of closed mines must be ensured in the post-mining phase.In order to capture such large and complex structures efficiently and reliably,new surveying techniques are required.A promising approach is the use of photogrammetric methods to generate three-dimensional models of the cavity.Photogrammetry is currently known mainly from aerial photography.It is conceivable to use such methods for underground applications.In recent years,significant progress has been made in the algorithm-based orientation of unstructured image sets.More powerful computer systems and the growing range of unmanned aerial vehicles could enable partially automated capture.However,a number of problems have to be solved for underground imaging techniques.Unfavorable exposure conditions complicate image alignment.Furthermore,the models must be integrated into existing surveying systems with a sufficiently high degree of accuracy.In order to consider the numerous technical aspects,the development of an integrated capture and evaluation approach is necessary.This could make an important contribution to the monitoring of critical cavities of different commodities.Such an approach would also fit into the current digitization trend in the mining industry and provide new opportunities for ground control in particular.
Clinical laboratory features of Meigs' syndrome: a retrospective study from 2009 to 2018

Meigs' syndrome (MS), a rare complication of benign ovarian tumors,is easily misdiagnosed as ovarian cancer (OC). We retrospectively reviewed the clinical laboratory data of patients diagnosed with MS from 2009 to 2018. Serum carbohydrate antigen 125 and HE4 levels were higher in the MS group than in the ovarian thecoma-fibroma (OTF) and healthy control groups (all P < 0.05). However, the serum HE4 levels were lower in the MS group than in the OC group (P < 0.001). A routine blood test showed that the absolute counts and percentages of lymphocytes were significantly lower in the MS group than in the OTF and control groups (all P < 0.05). However, these variables were higher in the MS group than in the OC group (both P < 0.05). The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was also significantly lower, whereas the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio was higher in the MS group than in the OC group (both P < 0.05). The NLR, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and systemic immune index were significantly higher in the MS group than in the OTF and control groups (all P < 0.05). The hypoxia-inducible factor-1 mRNA levels were also significantly higher,whereas the glucose transporter 1,lactate dehydrogenase, and enolase 1 mRNA levels were lower in peripheral CD4+ T cells obtained preoperatively in a patient with MS than those in patients with OTF, patients with OC, and controls (all P < 0.05). The expression of these four glucose metabolism genes was preferentially restored to normal levels after the tumor resection of MS (P < 0.001). These clinical laboratory features can be useful in improving the preoperative diagnostic accuracy of MS.
Dimensional synthesis of a novel 5-DOF reconfigurable hybrid perfusion manipulator for large-scale spherical honeycomb perfusion

A novel hybrid perfusion manipulator (HPM) with five degrees of freedom (DOFs) is introduced by combining the 5PUS-PRPU (P,R, U, and S represent prismatic, revolute, universal, and spherical joint, respectively) parallel mechanism with the 5PRR reconfigurable base to enhance the perfusion efficiency of the large-scale spherical honeycomb thermal protection layer. This study mainly presents the dimensional synthesis of the proposed HPM. First, the inverse kinematics, including the analytic expression of the rotation angles of the U joint in the PUS limb, is obtained, and mobility analysis is conducted based on screw theory. The Jacobian matrix of 5PUS-PRPU is also determined with screw theory and used for the establishment of the objective function. Second, a global and comprehensive objective function (GCOF) is proposed to represent the Jacobian matrix's condition number. With the genetic algorithm, dimensional synthesis is conducted by minimizing GCOF subject to the given variable constraints. The values of the designed variables corresponding to different configurations of the reconfigurable base are then obtained. Lastly, the optimal structure parameters of the proposed 5-DOF HPM are determined. Results show that the HPM with the optimized parameters has an enlarged orientation workspace, and the maximum angle of the reconfigurable base is decreased, which is conducive to improving the overall stiffness of HPM.
On the torque exerted by a warped, magnetically threaded accretion disk

Most astrophysical accretion disks are likely to be warped. In X-ray binaries, the spin evolution of an accreting neutron star is critically dependent on the interaction between the neutron star magnetic field and the accretion disk. There have been extensive investigations on the accretion torque exerted by a coplanar disk that is magnetically threaded by the magnetic field lines from the neutron stars, but relevant works on warped/tilted accretion disks are still lacking. In this paper we develop a simplified two-component model, in which the disk is comprised of an inner coplanar part and an outer, tilted part. Based on standard assumption on the formation and evolution of the toroidal magnetic field component, we derive the dimensionless torque and show that a warped/titled disk is more likely to spin up the neutron star compared with a coplanar disk. We also discuss the possible influence of various initial parameters on the torque.
Adaptive scale model reconstruction for radio synthesis imaging

A sky model from CLEAN deconvolution is a particularly effective high dynamic range reconstruction in radio astronomy, which can effectively model the sky and remove the sidelobes of the point spread function (PSF) caused by incomplete sampling in the spatial frequency domain. Compared to scale-free and multi-scale sky models, adaptive-scale sky modeling, which can model both compact and diffuse features, has been proven to have better sky modeling capabilities in narrowband simulated data, especially for large-scale features in high-sensitivity observations which are exactly one of the challenges of data processing for the Square Kilometre Array (SKA). However, adaptive scale CLEAN algorithms have not been verified by real observation data and allow negative components in the model. In this paper, we propose an adaptive scale model algorithm with non-negative constraint and wideband imaging capacities, and it is applied to simulated SKA data and real observation data from the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (JVLA), an SKA precursor. Experiments show that the new algorithm can reconstruct more physical models with rich details. This work is a step forward for future SKA image reconstruction and developing SKA imaging pipelines.
DFT study of solvation of Li~+/Na~+ in fluoroethylene carbonate/vinylene carbonate/ethylene sulfite solvents for lithium/sodium-based battery

Choosing suitable solvent is the key technology for the electrochemical performance of energy storage device.Among them,vinylene carbonate (VC),fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC),and ethylene sulfite (ES) are the potential organic electrolyte solvents for lithium/sodium battery.However,the quantitative relation and the specific mechanism of these solvents are currently unclear.In this work,density functional theory (DFT) method is employed to study the lithium/sodium ion solvation in solvents of VC,ES,and FEC.We first find that 4VC-Li~+,4VC-Na~+,4ES-Li~+,4ES-Na~+,4FEC-Li~+,and 4FEC-Na~+ are the maximum thermodynamic stable solvation complexes.Besides,it is indicated that the innermost solvation shells are consisted of 5VC-Li~+/Na~+,5ES-Li~+/Na~+,and 5FEC-Li~+/Na~+.It is also indicated that the Li~+ solvation complexes are more stable than Na~+ complexes.Moreover,infrared and Raman spectrum analysis indicates that the stretching vibration of O = C peak evidently shifts to high frequency with the Li~+/Na~+ concentration reducing in nVC-Li~+/Na~+ and nFEC-Li~+/Na~+ solvation complexes,and the O = C vibration peak frequency in Na~+ solvation complexes is higher than that of Li~+ complexes.The S = O stretching vibration in nES-Li~+/Na~+ solvation complexes moves to high frequency with the decrease of the Li~+/Na~+ concentration,the S = O vibration in nES-Na~+ is higher than that in nES-Li~+.The study is meaningful for the design of new-type Li/Na battery electrolytes.
Atomic magnetometer with microfabricated vapor cells based on coherent population trapping

An atomic magnetometer based on coherent population trapping (CPT) resonances in microfabricated vapor cells is demonstrated.Fabricated by the micro-electro-mechanical-system (MEMS) technology,the cells are filled with Rb and Ne at a controlled pressure.An experimental apparatus is built for characterizing properties of microfabricated vapor cells via the CPT effects.The typical CPT linewidth is measured to be about 3 kHz (1.46 kHz with approximately zero laser intensity) for the rubidium D1 line at about 90 °C.The effects of pressure,temperature and laser intensity on CPT linewidth are studied experimentally.A closed-loop atomic magnetometer is finally finished with a sensitivity of 210.5 pT/Hz~(1/2) at 1 Hz bandwidth.This work paves the way for developing an integrated chip-scale atomic magnetometer in the future.
Phase-sensitive Landau-Zener-Stuckelberg interference in superconducting quantum circuit

Superconducting circuit quantum electrodynamics(QED)architecture composed of superconducting qubit and resonator is a powerful platform for exploring quantum physics and quantum information processing.By employing techniques developed for superconducting quantum computing,we experimentally investigate phase-sensitive Landau-Zener-Stuckelberg(LZS)interference phenomena in a circuit QED.Our experiments cover an extensive range of LZS transition parameters and demonstrate the LZS induced Rabi-like oscillation as well as phase-dependent steady-state population.
Review of quantum simulation based on Rydberg many-body system

Quantum simulation has been developed extensively over the past decades,widely applied to different models to explore dynamics in the quantum regime.Rydberg atoms have strong dipole-dipole interactions and interact with each other over a long distance,which makes it straightforward to build many-body interacting quantum systems to simulate specific models.Additionally,neutral atoms are easily manipulated due to their weak interactions.These advantages make Rydberg many-body system an ideal platform to implement quantum simulations.This paper reviews several quantum simulations for different models based on Rydberg many-body systems,including quantum Ising models in one dimension and two dimensions mainly for quantum magnetism,XY model for excitation transport,SSH model for symmetry-protected topological phases,and critical self-organized behaviors in many-body systems.Besides,some challenges and promising directions of quantum simulations based on Rydberg many-body system are discussed in this paper.
Normalized residual displacement spectra for post-mainshock assessment of structures subjected to aftershocks

Residual displacement,as a significant measure of structural inelasticity,is effectively used in post-earthquake seismic assessment of structures.This demand can be considered for seismic evaluation of structures under multiple earthquakes.This study introduces a simple and novel index to predict the residual displacement of mainshock-damaged structures against subsequent aftershock.The proposed index is defined as a ratio between residual displacement of damaged structures against aftershock and peak inelastic displacement of intact structures under mainshock.In this study,constantstrength spectra based on the index are developed considering the effects of important structural characteristics and also significant seismic parameters.Moreover,analytical equations are presented to predict the proposed index for bi-linear single-degree-of-freedom(SDOF)systems considering both the effects of positive and negative polarities of aftershock.Furthermore,an equation is suggested to estimate the peak inelastic displacement of intact systems under mainshock,which is required to compute the index.
Dynamic stress concentration of an elliptical cavity in a semi-elliptical hill under SH-waves

The method of wave-function expansion in elliptical coordinates,elliptical cosine half-range expansion and Mathieu function were applied to obtain an exact analytical solution of the dynamic stress concentration factor(DSCF)around an elliptical cavity in a shallow,semi-elliptical hill.An infinite system of simultaneous linear equations for solving this problem was established by substituting the wave expression obtained by the Mathieu function including the standing wave expression of elliptical lining given herein into the boundary condition obtained by the region-matching method.The finite equations system with unknown coefficients obtained by truncation were solved numerically,and the results in the case of an ellipse degenerating into a circle were compared with previous results to verify the accuracy of the method.The effects of different aspect ratios,incident wave angles and aperture ratios on the dynamic stress concentration around the elliptical cavity were described.Some numerical results,when the elliptical hill was changed into a circular one,were analyzed and compared in detail.In engineering,this model can be regarded as a semi-cylindrical hill with an elliptical cylindrical unlined tunnel under the action of SH waves,and the results are significant in aseismic design.
Structured Computational Modeling of Human Visual System for No-reference Image Quality Assessment

Objective image quality assessment (IQA) plays an important role in various visual communication systems,which can automatically and efficiently predict the perceived quality of images.The human eye is the ultimate evaluator for visual experience,thus the modeling of human visual system (HVS) is a core issue for objective IQA and visual experience optimization.The traditional model based on black box fitting has low interpretability and it is difficult to guide the experience optimization effectively,while the model based on physiological simulation is hard to integrate into practical visual communication services due to its high computational complexity.For bridging the gap between signal distortion and visual experience,in this paper,we propose a novel perceptual no-reference (NR) IQA algorithm based on structural computational modeling of HVS.According to the mechanism of the human brain,we divide the visual signal processing into a low-level visual layer,a middle-level visual layer and a high-level visual layer,which conduct pixel information processing,primitive information processing and global image information processing,respectively.The natural scene statistics (NSS) based features,deep features and free-energy based features are extracted from these three layers.The support vector regression (SVR) is employed to aggregate features to the final quality prediction.Extensive experimental comparisons on three widely used benchmark IQA databases (LIVE,CSIQ and TID2013) demonstrate that our proposed metric is highly competitive with or outperforms the state-of-the-art NR IQA measures.
Effects of warming, wetting and nitrogen addition on substrate-induced respiration and temperature sensitivity of heterotrophic respiration in a temperate forest soil

Soil heterotrophic respiration and its temperature sensitivity are affected by various climatic and environmental factors. However, little is known about the combined effects of concurrent climatic and environmental changes, such as climatic warming, changing precipitation regimes, and increasing nitrogen (N) deposition. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the individual and combined effects of warming, wetting, and N addition on soil heterotrophic respiration and temperature sensitivity. We incubated soils collected from a temperate forest in South Korea for 60 d at two temperature levels (15 and 20 ◦ C, representing the annual mean temperature of the study site and 5 ◦ C warming, respectively), three moisture levels (10%, 28%, and 50% water-filled pore space (WFPS), representing dry, moist, and wet conditions, respectively), and two N levels (without N and with N addition equivalent to 50 kg N ha~(–1) year~(–1)). On day 30, soils were distributed across five different temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 ◦ C) for 24 h to determine short-term changes in temperature sensitivity (Q10, change in respiration with 10 ◦ C increase in temperature) of soil heterotrophic respiration. After completing the incubation on day 60, we measured substrate-induced respiration (SIR) by adding six labile substrates to the three types of treatments. Wetting treatment (increase from 28% to 50% WFPS) reduced SIR by 40.8% (3.77 to 2.23 µ g CO_2 -C g~(–1) h~(–1)), but warming (increase from 15 to 20 ◦ C) and N addition increased SIR by 47.7% (3.77 to 5.57 µ g CO_2 -C g~(–1) h~(–1)) and 42.0% (3.77 to 5.35 µ g CO_2 -C g~(–1) h~(–1)), respectively. A combination of any two treatments did not affect SIR, but the combination of three treatments reduced SIR by 42.4% (3.70 to 2.20 µ g CO_2 -C g~(–1) h~(–1)). Wetting treatment increased Q10 by 25.0% (2.4 to 3.0). However, warming and N addition reduced Q10 by 37.5% (2.4 to 1.5) and 16.7% (2.4 to 2.0), respectively. Warming coupled with wetting did not significantly change Q10, while warming coupled with N addition reduced Q10 by 33.3% (2.4 to 1.6). The combination of three treatments increased Q10 by 12.5% (2.4 to 2.7). Our results demonstrated that among the three factors, soil moisture is the most important one controlling SIR and Q10. The results suggest that the effect of warming on SIR and Q10 can be modified significantly by rainfall variability and elevated N availability. Therefore, this study emphasizes that concurrent climatic and environmental changes, such as increasing rainfall variability and N deposition, should be considered when predicting changes induced by warming in soil respiration and its temperature sensitivity.
Improved Ag-Si interface performance for Si solar cells using a novel Te-based glass and recrystallization process of Ag

In order to prove that the Te-based glass frit could be applied to Ag pastes to fabricate Ag electrode and elucidate the reactions among Ag, the frit, and the Si wafer, the Te-based glass and Ag pastes with different contents of glass frit (0 wt%, 1 wt%, 3 wt%, 5 wt%, and 7 wt%) were prepared. The microstructures of Ag electrodes and the phase analysis of interface between Ag electrodes and the Si wafer were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). When the content of glass frit is 3 wt%, the Ag electrode has good adhesion with Si wafer. What's more, Ag crystallites and metallic Te could be found on the Si wafer. These results suggest that the TeO_2 in the glass frit could react with SiNx anti-reflecting coating (ARC) and Si to serve as a medium for forming Ag crystallites.
Characterization of CeO_2 microspheres fabricated by an ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method

CeO_2 is one of the main catalysts for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). It is critical to find a green and costeffective fabrication method for CeO_2 at scale. In this study, the CeO_2 microspheres were prepared by one-step ultrasonic spray pyrolysis of cerium chloride solution at 700 °C. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) study demonstrate that the prepared CeO_2 microspheres exhibit a particle size of 0.01-1.08 µm with a mean particle size of 0.23 µm, and more than 94% of the particles have a diameter less than 0.5 µm. But the presence of residual Cl in the fabricated CeO_2 microspheres blocks the active sites and leads to the significant degradation of SOFC performance. The formation mechanism and distribution of residual Cl in the fabricated CeO_2 microspheres were systemically studied. The water washing method was shown to effectively reduce the residual Cl in the CeO_2 microspheres. Overall, this work provides a clean manufacturing process for the preparation of SOFC electrode/electrolyte materials.
Flow field generated by a dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuator in quiescent air at initiation stage

A single Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) plasma actuator driven by Alternating Current (AC) power, capable of inducing a starting vortex and a wall jet in quiescent air, is suited for low-Reynolds-number flow control. However, the starting vortex and the wall jet are usually observed after the plasma actuator has been operated for dozens of and hundreds of cycles of the voltage, respectively. The detail of the induced flow field at the initiation stage of the plasma actuator has rarely been addressed. At the initiation stage, a thin jet that provides the impetus for the entrainment of the induced flow at the beginning of the plasma actuation is first observed by using a high-accuracy phase-lock Schlieren technique and a high-speed Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) system. This is the initial form of the momentum transfer from the plasma to the fluid. Then, an arched type jet is created by the plasma actuator. In addition, the whole development process of the induced flow field from the starting point of the thin jet to the quasi-steady stage of wall jet is presented for providing a comprehensive understanding of the plasma actuator and proposing a relevant enhancement of the numerical simulation model.
Probabilistic fault recoverability analysis of flight control process

Probabilistic Fault Recoverability (FR) property reveals the capability of a system to accommodate faults under admissible input energy constraints in the sense of satisfactory probability. Motivated by the idea of probabilistic control methods, a class of admissible probability density functions is designed for detailed description of fault parameters, under which several probabilistic FR conditions are established. This significantly enlarges the range of recoverable faults obtained from the deterministic FR analysis. The tradeoffs between the risk of performance degradation and this increased recoverability margin are exactly achieved by allowing a small risk of FR violation. This paper analyzes the probability FR of dynamic systems with switching and interconnection characteristics, and applies the new results to several aircraft models including single longitudinal aircraft dynamic, Highly Maneuverable Technology (HiMAT) vehicle and meta aircraft. Simulation results show the efficiency of the proposed methods based on the comparison between deterministic and probabilistic cases.