mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Sea level change under IPCC-A2 scenario in Bohai, Yellow, and East China Seas

Because of the environmental and socioeconomic impacts of anthropogenic sea level rise (SLR), it is very important to understand the processes leading to past and present SLRs towards more reliable future SLR projections. A regional ocean general circulation model (ROGCM), with a grid refinement in the Bohai, Yellow, and East China Seas (BYECSs), was set up to project SLR induced by the ocean dynamic change in the 21st century. The model does not consider the contributions from ice sheets and glacier melting. Data of all forcing terms required in the model came from the simulation of the Community Climate System Model version 3.0 (CCSM3) under the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)-A2 scenario. Simulation results show that at the end of the 21st century, the sea level in the BYECSs will rise about 0.12 to 0.20 m. The SLR in the BYECSs during the 21st century is mainly caused by the ocean mass redistribution due to the ocean dynamic change of the Pacific Ocean, which means that water in the Pacific Ocean tends to move to the continental shelves of the BYECSs, although the local steric sea level change is another factor.
白细胞介素6与中青年原发性高血压患者动态动脉硬化指数的关系

目的研究白细胞介素6(IL-6)与中青年原发性高血压患者动态动脉硬化指数(AASI)的相关性。方法选择2011年10月至2012年9月江苏省兴化市人民医院和南通大学附属医院心内科初次门诊或住院的中青年原发性高血压患者(n=148),测定AASI(1-舒张压对收缩压回归直线的斜率)、颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT)、IL-6水平。将AASI>0.55定义为AASI增高(研究组,n=63),AASI≤0.55为对照组(n=85),采用Pearson相关分析AASI、颈动脉IMT和IL-6三者的相关性,采用多元Logistic回归分析AASI相关的危险因素。结果与对照组比较,研究组体质量指数[(25.2±1.5)比(24.6±1.3)kg/m~2]、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)[(3.3±0.4)比(3.1±0.5)mmol/L]、IL-6[(15.4±5.2)比(11.8±4.8)ng/L]、24 h平均收缩压[(124.7±9.3)比(118.1±8.8)mm Hg]、24 h平均脉压[(49.0±12.6)比(42.4±10.2)mm Hg]较高(均P<0.05)。Pearson相关分析结果显示,IL-6与AASI、颈动脉IMT呈正相关(r=0.464, r=0.219)(均P<0.01)。多元Logistic回归分析结果显示,IL-6、高血压家族史、高血压分级、LDL-C、24 h平均收缩压是AASI的影响因素。结论中青年高血压患者AASI除与家族史、血脂增高、血压等危险因素相关外,还与IL-6有关。
呼吸和运动训练对血管迷走性晕厥的影响

目的探讨呼吸和运动训练对血管迷走性晕厥(VVS)的影响。方法经直立倾斜试验诊断的VVS患者90例(男39例,女51例),年龄(38.5±13.3)岁,按随机单盲的原则分为对照组、呼吸训练组和运动训练组,每组30例。训练和随访1年,各组患者有效率和再发率采用卡方检验。结果对照组再发19例,呼吸训练组再发13例,两组有效率差异无统计学意义(36.7%比56.7%,χ~2=2.411,P=0.121)。运动训练组再发8例,有效率高于对照组(73.3%比36.7%,χ~2=8.148,P=0.004)。结论运动训练是VVS临床治疗的一种选择,可减少VVS再发。
低血糖性脑损伤的病理生化机制及其临床基本特征

糖尿病患者治疗过程中出现低血糖并不少见,尤其是强化胰岛素治疗时,若引起神智改变及偏瘫,应高度警惕并与脑卒中鉴别。低血糖发生时,交感神经高度兴奋可引起脑血管痉挛,特别是老年糖尿病患者,易并发脑动脉粥样硬化或因脑动脉硬化、糖尿病性脑血管病变对低血糖耐受性更低,糖尿病常因并发自主神经病变,特别是病程长的老年患者对低血糖如饥饿感、心悸、恶心、呕吐、出汗等症状敏感性降低,更易出现低血糖及低血糖性脑损伤。
城乡老年人情绪调节特点及对日常情绪的影响

目的:考察城乡老年人情绪调节特点及对日常情绪的影响。方法采用情绪调节问卷、正性情感和负性情感量表对377名60岁以上的老年人进行调查,进行结构方程多组比较。结果除负性情绪外,认知重评、表达抑制和正性情绪城乡差异显著;多组结构方程比较分析显示情绪调节对情绪体验的作用具有地域间的不恒等性(P=0.008)。结论城乡老年人在情绪调节和日常情绪上存在差异,情绪调节对情绪的影响机制也不同,因此针对不同群体应采取不同的方式改善情绪,提高心理健康水平。
改良经皮扩张气管切开术在危重症患者中的临床应用

1955年Sheldon等首先报告经皮扩张气管切开术(percutaneous dilative tracheostomy, PDT)以来, PDT技术得到了迅猛发展。与传统外科气管切开术(surgical tracheostomy, ST)比较,PDT具有简单、快速、微创及并发症少等优点,但同时也存在一些不足,尤其是在操作过程中容易导致气管后壁损伤,引发气管食管瘘。本院于2010年7月开始对PDT技术实施改良,既不常规使用纤维支气管镜和床旁B型超声,又能避免气管后壁损伤及气管食管瘘的发生,我们称之为改良经皮扩张气管切开术(modified percutaneous dilative tracheostomy, MPDT),现汇报如下。
3D生物打印技术在皮肤创面修复中的研究进展

皮肤创面的修复和愈合是外科学研究的热点和难点。尤其是对于严重烧伤、大范围撕脱伤、糖尿病足和肿瘤溃疡等难愈性伤口,更是创伤外科领域的棘手问题。近年来,3D生物打印技术在制造工程学领域内异军突起,并开始向生物医学领域延伸。从最初的科普介绍到研究领域内的初步探索,在较短的时间内,该技术为解决供体皮肤组织受限和皮肤创面修复带来了新的曙光,并正在成为创伤修复治疗领域内新的研究靶点。笔者对其进行介绍。
Sediment rarefaction resuspension and contaminant release under tidal currents

Based on experiment in tidal flume, this paper analyzes the sediment rarefactive phenomenon and hydraulic characteristics of sediment resuspension with different physical properties under the effect of tidal current. According to this experiment, sediment resuspension is related to the hydraulic characteristics of overlying water and its own dry density, namely the moisture content of sediment and deposition time. Generally, river sediment can be classified into the upper layer of floating sludge and lower layer of deposit sediment. Incipient velocity goes higher as the sediment layer goes thicker. Based on the experiment, incipient velocity formula of sediment can be obtained. There is a cohesive force among natural fine sediment whose resuspension is almost irrelevant to their diameters. Therefore, the critical incipient velocity is determined by the cohesive force instead of particle diameter. The lower layer of deposit sediment is generally not so easy to start up. And it will be rarified and release into the overlying water when contacting with overlying water. However, this rarefaction release velocity is gentle and slow. Under the same flow condition, annual loss amount of lower layer deposited sediment is about one fifth of upper layer of floating sediment. Flow velocity of tidal river and variation of the water level are asymmetrical, both of which vary under different tidal cycles. During long tidal cycle, flow velocity and water level change in the same phase and amplitude with tide. During the whole ebb and flow, flow direction does not change as the water level goes under the influence of acceleration and deceleration. As the tide cycle increases, the incipient velocity of sediment goes higher. This means that the long period tide cycle plays buffer effect on the resuspension of sediment, which makes the sediment not so easy both to start up and to suspend.
Numerical simulation of the internal wave propagation in continuously density-stratified ocean

A numerical model is proposed to simulate the internal wave propagation in a continuously density-stratified ocean, and in the model, the momentum equations are derived from the Euler equations on the basis of the Boussinesq approximation. The governing equations, including the continuity equation and the momentum equations, are discretized with the finite volume method. The advection terms are treated with the total variation diminishing (TVD) scheme, and the SIMPLE algorithm is employed to solve the discretized governing equations. After the modeling test, the suitable TVD scheme is selected. The SIMPLE algorithm is modified to simplify the calculation process, and it is easily made to adapt to the TVD scheme. The Sommerfeld's radiation condition combined with a sponge layer is adopted at the outflow boundary. In the water flume with a constant water depth, the numerical results are compared to the analytical solutions with a good agreement. The numerical simulations are carried out for a wave flume with a submerged dike, and the model results are analyzed in detail. The results show that the present numerical model can effectively simulate the propagation of the internal wave.
植物油中铅的石墨炉原子吸收光谱测定法前处理的优化

笔者在植物油中加入无机铅标准溶液和具有一定比例的混合有机溶剂组成的均相体系,建立了植物油中痕量铅的石墨炉原子吸收直接测定法。
LiNi_(0.7)Co_(0.15)Mn_(0.15)O_2 microspheres as high-performance cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries

Advanced uniform LiNi_(0.7)Co_(0.15)Mn_(0.15)O_2 microspheres were successfully synthesized and examined as cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries. The structure,morphology, and electrochemical performance of LiNi_(0.7)-Co_(0.15)Mn_(0.15)O_2 calcined at different temperatures ranging from 650 to 900 ℃ were systematically investigated. The XRD results show that the material has a well-ordered layered structure with small amount of cation mixing. A distinct spherical morphology of the obtained powders prepared at different temperatures can be seen from the SEM images. The as-synthesized LiNi_(0.7)Co_(0.15)Mn_(0.15)O_2 powders have a very high-tap density of about 2.37 g?cm~(-3). Among all the samples,the sample calcined at 750 ℃ exhibits the best electrochemical performance with an initial discharge capacity of 185.2 mAhag-1(3.0–4.3 V, 0.2C rate) and capacity retention[94.77 %after50cycles.Moreover,thismaterialshowshighspecific capacity and good cycling stability. The LiNi_(0.7)-Co_(0.15)Mn_(0.15)O_2 microspheres with high-specific capacity and high-tap density are promising to use as cathode materials for next-generation high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries.
中华医学会内分泌学分会性腺学组第四次全国会议纪要

2014年7月3日至5日由中华医学会内分泌学分会性腺学组举办的“第四届全国糖尿病和性腺疾病学术会议"在清爽美丽的贵州省贵阳市召开。本次大会注册代表547人,共收到全国各省、市、自治区及解放军系统的论文50篇,组织15场专题报告 (包括3场病例讨论) 。开幕式由中华医学会内分泌学分会性腺组组长、中国人民解放军总医院内分泌科窦京涛教授主持,中华医学会内分泌学分会候任主任委员、性腺学组名誉组长母义明教授致开幕辞。在开幕辞中,母义明教授对目前性腺疾病引起了越来越多内分泌代谢和相关专业临床医生的兴趣和关注给予了肯定,也指出国内性腺疾病临床和基础研究的不足、性腺疾病领域的研究缺乏合作等目前存在的问题;性腺疾病的特点决定了其研究需要跨地域、跨学科、长时间的细致观察,也对内分泌代谢专业医生跨地域、跨学科合作提出挑战。本次大会邀请了国内著名专家教授就性腺内分泌领域的重点、热点和难点问题作专题讲座。内容涵盖发育异常疾病诊断思路;血糖与下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴;女性多毛的诊治思路;低促性腺激素性性腺功能减退症的治疗进展;性反转疾病;卵巢功能减退诊治思路;先天性肾上腺皮质增生症的替代治疗;甲状腺功能状态对性腺的影响;雄激素不敏感综合征;男性迟发性性腺功能减退症;国际多囊卵巢综合征诊治指南解读;性发育异常患者外生殖器畸形的整复外科治疗等12个专项议题,还选取大家关注的继发性闭经、女性不孕与甲状腺功能异常和阴茎短小的诊治和鉴别进行临床病例讨论,同时还特别邀请了翁建平、陆菊明和朱大龙等国内著名专家教授就糖尿病领域研究前沿做相关讨论。现就会议有关内容汇总如下.
物联网传感技术在大棚草莓生产中的应用

物联网是在互联网概念的基础上,将用户端延伸和扩展到任何物品与物品之间,进行信息交换和通信的一种网络概念。通过物联网技术,管理者不仅可以实现远程信息感知、远程主体监控,也可以有效地管理和控制远程主体。由于物联网的巨大技术优势,我国将物联网作为推进产业信息化进程的重要策略。而农业作为关系着国计民生的基础产业,其信息化、智能化的程度尤为重要。
Stable Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis by Citrus Sinensis (Orange) and Assessing Activity Against Food Poisoning Microbes

Silver nanoparticles are considered as good antimicrobial agent. AgNPs were synthesized by mixing silver nitrate solution with citrus sinesis extract for 2 h at 37 °C and analyzed by UV-visible spectra, SEM, XRD, and FTIR. AgNPs were tested against B. subtilis, Shigella, S. aureus, and E. coli. Minimum inhibitory concentration of AgNPs was 20 μg/mL for B. subtilis and Shigella and 30 μg/mL for S. aureus and E. coli. Antibiofilm activity (80% to 90%) was observed at 25 μg/mL. AgNPs were stable for five months with sustained antimicrobial activity. Biosynthesized AgNPs can be used to inhibit food poisoning microbial growth.
强直性脊柱炎的补充治疗:抗炎饮食

强直性脊柱炎 (AS) 是一种慢性炎症性疾病,主要危害脑、体力最佳的青壮年男性。我国普通人群AS的患病率为0.3%~0.5%。由于该病早期即可发生残疾,疾病初期也常因腰背痛和关节炎无法接受教育、参加工作和正常生活,给个人、家庭和社会造成了很大压力。
气体信号分子NO、CO 和H_2 S 的生物学研究进展

一氧化氮( nitric oxide,NO) 、一氧化碳( carbon monoxide,CO)和硫化氢( hydrogen sulfide,H_2S)这三种大气组分相继被发现具有重要的生物活性,参与多种病理生理过程。近年来,关于 NO、CO 的研究日趋成熟,而H2S 作为新发现的气体信号分子在各个系统中的作用也日益受到重视。这三种信号分子的生物学特性具有很多异同点,且相互调控。本文将在合成代谢、生物学功能、分子靶标和信号机制等方面系统地介绍这三种分子在生命和医学领域的研究进展。
扩散加权成像在乳腺癌诊断与治疗中的应用及进展

乳腺癌已成为女性最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,居女性恶性肿瘤死亡率首位。乳腺癌的防治已成为肿瘤防治工作的重要课题,早期检出对提高乳腺癌患者的生存率至关重要。影像学检查对乳腺癌的早期发现、治疗和预后起着重要的作用。在乳腺影像检查中,尽管超声及钼钯的应用提高了其检出和诊断率,但对良恶性病变的鉴别诊断仍有限,特别是对于致密型乳腺。目前,磁共振成像 (magnetic resonance imaging,MRI) 已成为乳腺癌检出和诊断的重要工具,如动态增强MRI扫描 (dynamic contrast enhancement MRI,DCE-MRI) 在乳腺病变检出和诊断的作用已得到公认,对侵袭性乳腺癌的检出有90%以上的敏感度和约72%的特异度。近年来,扩散加权成像 (diffusion weighted imaging, DWI) 技术不断推广,能够检测出与组织含水量改变有关的形态学和生理学的早期变化,并以表观扩散系数 (apparent diffusion coefficient,ADC) 来量化水分子运动状况的改变,定量反映水分子扩散运动能力,在乳腺癌的诊断及治疗的监测和评估中显示出重要价值。
SICA for Cox's Proportional Hazards Model with a Diverging Number of Parameters

The smooth integration of counting and absolute deviation(SICA) penalized variable selection procedure for high-dimensional linear regression models is proposed by Lv and Fan(2009).In this article,we extend their idea to Cox’s proportional hazards(PH) model by using a penalized log partial likelihood with the SICA penalty.The number of the regression coefficients is allowed to grow with the sample size.Based on an approximation to the inverse of the Hessian matrix,the proposed method can be easily carried out with the smoothing quasi-Newton(SQN) algorithm.Under appropriate sparsity conditions,we show that the resulting estimator of the regression coefficients possesses the oracle property.We perform an extensive simulation study to compare our approach with other methods and illustrate it on a well known PBC data for predicting survival from risk factors.
A simulation study on the optimal control of buffeting displacement for the Sutong Bridge with multiple tuned mass dampers

The buffeting of long-span cable-supported bridges under strong winds is one of the key issues in bridge wind engineering. In order to study the effectiveness of the multiple tuned mass dampers (MTMDs) in buffeting control of long-span bridges, the Sutong Cable-stayed Bridge (SCB) with a main span of 1088 m in China is taken as an example in this paper. The spatial finite element model of the SCB is established and the modal analysis is conducted based on ANSYS. After the 3D turbulence wind field of the SCB is simulated using the measured wind parameters, the time-domain buffeting analysis on the SCB is conducted with the aerodynamic self-excited forces included. According to the dynamic characteristics and the time-domain buffeting analysis results of the SCB, the parameter sensitivity analysis on buffeting vibration control with MTMD is conducted in ANSYS. The optimum parameters are then obtained with the construction difficulty and economic factors considered. Results show that the control efficiency is sensitive to the number of the TMD, mass ratio, frequency band-width ratio, and damping ratio. Both the vertical and the lateral vibrations can be effectively controlled when proper design parameters of a MTMD system are used. In addition, the control effect on lateral vibration is better than that on vertical vibration. Results obtained in this study can provide references for anti-wind design and buffeting control of long-span cable-stayed bridges.
Pannexin1介导的炎性反应在癫痫发病中的作用

癫痫是神经系统常见的慢性疾病,严重危害人类的健康,然而,其发病机制迄今尚未完全阐明。1969年, Walker 首先提出免疫机制参与癫痫的发生,癫痫与炎症免疫之间的关系便成为人们研究癫痫的一个重要途径。 Pannexin (Panx )是继Connexin、Innexin后新发现的缝隙连接蛋白家族,多项研究表明, Panx与Connexin 在功能上存在重叠,参与免疫反应的启动与炎性因子的释放。本文就Panx、癫痫及炎症三者之间的最新研究进展综述如下。
系统性红斑狼疮中自噬现象研究进展

自噬(Autophagy )指细胞内的溶酶体降解自身细胞器和其他大分子的过程,受多种基因调控,已明确的自噬相关基因多达30余种。其中Atg5、Atg6(Beclin-1)和Atg8被证明为自噬的必要标志。 Atg5与Atg12相结合,形成复合物,通过募集游离的LC3(Atg8)并与其形成共轭复合物,靶向定位在空泡膜上形成自噬复合体支架;Beclin-1(Atg6)既可以通过与Atg14 L作用调节自噬的起始过程,也可以通过与其结合蛋白 Rubicon、UVRAG 形成 Beclin-1:hVps34:UVRAG复合物,诱导自噬体的成熟,以及加速细胞内吞后的运输。
系统性红斑狼疮重叠干燥综合征合并肺部曲霉菌感染1例报告

讨论系统性红斑狼疮和干燥综合征均是复杂的自身免疫性疾病,可共存于同一患者,形成系统性红斑狼疮+干燥综合征重叠综合征。近年来,国外对此重叠综合征的临床及实验室特点有不少报道,但结论尚不一致,国内相似研究较少。魏以壁等报道20例此类患者,其特点为年龄大,发病晚,肾损害相对少。抗双链DNA抗体、抗SSA抗体、抗SSB抗体为诊断系统性红斑狼疮+干燥综合征的标志性抗体。本例患者入院时低热、双颊部红斑、血常规三系减少,抗双链DNA抗体阳性,系统性红斑狼疮诊断并不困难。虽主诉口干、眼干,但症状尚不明显,若非详细询问病史,并行相关检验检查,可能会忽视干燥综合征的诊断。故遇到患系统性红斑狼疮的老年女性患者,要筛查抗SSA抗体、抗SSB抗体是否阳性,以防遗漏干燥综合征的诊断。
自主研发弹射式一次性骨髓腔输液器在临床中的应用

目的探讨弹射式一次性骨髓腔输液器在临床的应用价值。方法在多家军地医院对输液时建立静脉通道失败、批量伤病员需紧迫建立输液通道、需建立心肺复苏输液通路的患者,使用自主研发的弹射式一次性骨髓腔输液器进行输液,选择内踝胫骨下端、胫骨上端、骼前上棘、髂后上棘、桡骨远端、肱骨头、胸骨7个部位13个骨髓穿刺点,观察并统计相关临床指标。结果47例患者共进行52例次骨髓腔输液,男性31例,女性16例;年龄23~75岁;其中重症医学科39例次(先后2个部位行骨髓腔输液者5例)。急诊科9例次,其他科室3例次,长途转运1例次;心肺复苏28例次,休克复苏18例次,术后大出血抢救5例次,肿瘤1例次;输入液体有血浆、血浆代用品、生理盐水或林格液;内踝胫骨下端、胫骨上端、骼前上棘、桡骨远端、肱骨头、胸骨部位的重力输液速度分别为30.0、15.4、21.2、7.2、15.0、23.8 mL/min;加压输液速度可以达到50.0 mL/min或更高;操作成功时间15~120 s,保留时间20 min~2.5 d。拔针后进行局部观察,仅2例出现液肿,均未发生骨折。 47例次完成操作,成功率为90.3%,其中于髂后上棘处取骨髓标本2例;不成功原因中操作不当4例,器械故障1例。结论骨髓腔输液不仅在院前、院内,即使是重症监护病房(ICU),也可以发挥其快速、可靠、便捷的输液优势,在“白金10 min”内取得最佳的复苏效果。
新疆地区冠心病患者规范化调脂治疗的随访研究

目的比较165例冠心病患者是否行规范化调脂治疗的临床情况和心血管事件(包括严重心律失常、充血性心力衰竭、卒中、再入院情况)的发生率。方法选取2011年1至6月在新疆地区三级甲等医院心内科出院诊断为冠心病患者165例,分为管理组(73例)及对照组(92例),管理组进行规范化调脂治疗及疾病管理,对照组不进行任何干预,对两组进行长期随访,每两月随访一次,比较两组患者对调脂重要性知晓率、他汀类药物服药率、LDL-C达标率及心血管事件的发生率。结果165例中有12例失访,其余153例患者均按预定方案完成随访。结果显示,管理组的调脂重要性知晓率、他汀类药物服药率及LDL-C达标率均高于对照组(P<0.05),管理组患者对冠心病规范化药物治疗依从性高。但两组患者发生严重心律失常、心力衰竭、卒中及再入院率的差别均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。危险分层及糖尿病是LDL-C达标率的危险因素。结论管理组患者对冠心病调脂治疗依从性较高,只有对冠心病患者进行长期疾病随访管理,才能减少心血管事件发生率。
Experimental study and stress analysis of rock bolt anchorage performance

A new method was developed to apply pull-and-shear loads to the bolt specimen in order to evaluate the anchorage performance of the rebar bolt and the D-Bolt. In the tests, five displacing angles (0°, 20°, 40°, 60°, and 90°), two joint gaps (0 mm and 30 mm), and three kinds of host rock materials (weak concrete, strong concrete, and concrete-granite) were considered, and stress-strain measurements were conducted. Results show that the ultimate loads of both the D-Bolt and the rebar bolt remained constant with any displacing angles. The ultimate displacement of the D-Bolt changed from 140 mm at the 0° displacing angle (pure pull) to approximately 70 mm at a displacing angle greater than 40". The displacement capacity of the D-Bolt is approximately 3.5 times that of the rebar bolt under pure pull and 50% higher than that of the rebar bolt under pure shear. The compressive stress exists at 50 mm from the bolt head, and the maximum bending moment value rises with the increasing displacing angle. The rebar bolt mobilises greater applied load than the D-Bolt when subjected to the maximum bending. The yielding length (at 0°) of the D-Bolt is longer than that of the rebar bolt. The displacement capacity of the bolts increased with the joint gap. The bolt subjected to joint gap effect yields more quickly with greater bending moment and smaller applied load. The displacement capacities of the D-Bolt and the rebar bolt are greater in the weak host rock than that in the hard host rock. In pure shear condition, the ultimate load of the bolts slightly decreases in the hard rock. The yielding speed in the hard rock is higher than that in the weak rock.
广州地区一次严重灰霾过程的垂直探测

利用激光雷达和微波辐射计在广州地区一次严重灰霾过程进行探测,采用小波变换协方差方法反演边界层高度,从热力和动力的角度分析边界层气象因子和能见度之间的关系.结果表明,边界层高度有明显的日变化过程,和地面能见度变化有很好的一致性.在清洁过程,边界层高度超过1 km,发生严重灰霾时,最高仅为500 m.50~100 m的温度梯度滞后30 h和能见度相关性更加显著,相关系数达到0.77.高层能见度(255 m)和下层稳定度有显著的负相关,清洁日负相关系数最大达-0.76,灰霾日负相关系数最大达-0.49.在相关的边界层气象因子中,地表通风系数和地面能见度成线性关系,相关系数最高,达0.88.边界层高度、地面风速、相对湿度和地面能见度的相关系数分别为0.76,0.67和-0.77.各气象因子之间具有较高的相关性.此次灰霾过程的主控气象因子为地表通风系数,在没有边界层高度探测的地区可利用地面能见度和风速估算边界层高度.
东亚一次典型切断低压引起的平流层空气深入侵过程的分析

利用ERA-Interim再分析资料、卫星资料以及轨迹模式,对2010年6月19~23日东亚夏季一次典型切断低压(COL)过程中的动力、热力及化学结构进行了分析,并详细分析了平流层空气深入侵过程和路径.AIRS臭氧资料与臭氧探空资料分析表明,在COL发展成熟阶段,由极区高位势涡度、高臭氧库区脱离出来的空气在COL的中心形成一个局地高位势涡度与高臭氧浓度区域,并在对流层中上部出现臭氧次峰结构.前向轨迹模式模拟结果表明:COL形成前期,高空槽加深,槽后偏北风急流可以引起极区下平流层空气向中纬度对流层中低层侵入,从而使对流层中低层臭氧浓度升高;COL发展成熟阶段,可以引起平流层空气的“旋转式”入侵.最后,应用后向轨迹模式对成熟阶段COL内部及周围空气块源地做进一步模拟分析.结果表明:(1) COL中心高浓度臭氧空气块源地有两个,一是中西伯利亚北部上空的副极地涡旋,这部分气块对COL中心的高臭氧浓度起主要作用;二是90°E以西,50°N附近的温带急流轴左侧的气旋式风速切变区.(2) COL周围低臭氧浓度的气块源地也有两个,一是COL底部臭氧浓度相对较低的空气块主要来自急流轴右侧反气旋式风速切变区,以平流运动为主;二是COL前部及后部的空气块主要来自COL南侧低层暖区,以上升运动为主.
中国气候变化区划(1961~2010年)

气候条件是人类生存与发展的重要基础,亦是经济与社会可持续发展的重要影响因素.应对气候变化已成为世界各国政要、科学家、政府和公众高度关注的全球性问题.现行的中国气候区划均是以不同气候要素指标的多年均值为基础的,旨在表征气候状态的区域差异.然而在气候变化速率不断加快的今天,已有的气候区划并不能表达气候变化的区域差异,也不能反映由气候变化所带来的灾害与环境风险.本文利用1961~2010年气温和降水量的变化趋势值、波动特征值定量识别气候变化,结合中国地形特点,以县级行政区划为单元,完成了中国气候变化区划(1961~2010年).一级区划根据气温和降水量的变化趋势将中国气候变化(1961~2010年)划分为5个变化趋势带,即东北-华北暖干趋势带、华东-华中湿暖趋势带、西南-华南干暖趋势带、藏东南-西南湿暖趋势带以及西北-青藏高原暖湿趋势带;二级区划根据气温和降水量的波动特征,在一级区划基础上划分为14个波动特征区.
中国东部原位火山岩油气藏的形成机制--以松辽盆地徐深气田为例

中国东部中新生代断陷盆地群发现了大量的原位火山岩油气藏.以松辽盆地早白垩世徐家围子断陷为例,钻井揭示结果及地质、地球物理综合分析表明,原位火山岩油气藏形成机制具有“断控体、体控相、相控储、储控藏”的特点,即深大断裂样式控制火山岩喷发方式决定火山岩体及气藏分布,火山岩体控制火山岩相带的展布空间决定火山岩油气藏规模,火山岩相控制储层物性的优劣决定油气层的有效厚度,火山岩储层物性控制油气藏类型决定火山岩油气层产能.研究认识对指导断陷盆地原位火山岩油气藏的发现具有理论和实践意义.
四川盆地川中地块新元古代伸展构造的发现及其在天然气勘探中的意义

四川盆地位于上扬子克拉通西北部,川中地块是位于四川盆地中部蒲江-巴中、华蓥山深大断裂之间的坚硬块体,这一块体一直被认为是扬子克拉通最古老、最稳定的核心,基底均一、硬化程度高.本文应用覆盖范围达5万余平方公里高分辨率地震并结合大比例尺航磁资料,通过对川中地块深层构造的精细解释,发现川中地块新元古代发育近东西向、北东东向、北西向展布规模不等的8支伸展构造,这改变了川中地块为统一块体的传统认识.这些伸展构造纵向剖面发育一期或两期伸展作用,其内充填厚达3000~5000 m的弱磁性物质.四川盆地威远地区基底A型花岗岩与川西苏雄组双峰式火山岩的发育均证实川中地块新元古代处于伸展构造背景.初步讨论了新元古代伸展构造对川中地块烃源岩、有利沉积相带展布,储层发育及天然气成藏的作用.
准噶尔盆地东缘构造:阿尔泰与北天山造山带交接转换的陆内过程

准噶尔盆地位于中亚造山带西段,地表地质已有大量成果,但对该盆地深部结构构造研究相对薄弱,这制约了对该区构造演化的认识.通过对研究区大量二维地震剖面的详细构造解释,揭示出准噶尔盆地东缘主要的逆冲断裂有:乌伦古东、红盆、红盆南、喀拉萨依、滴水泉北、滴水泉南和沙西等断裂.断裂整体组合表现为向北西发散、向南东收敛的逆冲-走滑构造特征,可分为三组构造体系.北部叠瓦式褶皱-逆冲体系位于研究区北部,走向北西,倾向北东,表现为自北向南的叠瓦式逆冲推覆构造,整体上具有北老南新的特征,断裂最早形成于石炭纪,之后向南不断拓展.中部逆冲-走滑体系位于研究区中部,近东西走向,断面陡立,印支期为左行压扭,燕山期发生右行走滑,伴生少量小型正断层.南部褶皱-逆冲体系位于研究区南部,北东走向,倾向北西,分支断裂主体均为走向北东的逆断层.全区断层相关褶皱常见有断展和断弯褶皱.区域构造对比表明,在南阿尔泰和北天山两大造山带的挤压汇聚作用下,准噶尔盆地东缘在三叠纪-早白垩世期间持续发生陆内变形.其中研究区北部主控断裂指示了自北向南的逆冲推覆,动力来自南阿尔泰造山带的持续挤压;南部褶皱不对称性和主逆冲断层指示动力来自北天山造山带的持续挤压;中部走滑断裂早期逆冲作用较强,后期叠加走滑构造,是南、北两大动力系统发生复杂交接转换的结果,并调节了盆地内部次级块体的运动,使其向西挤出.
气候序列的均一化—定量评估气候变化的基础

长期气象观测序列是反映气候变化的最基本依据.然而,几乎所有气象站都要经历迁址或观测仪器、规则和方法等方面的变更,导致观测序列相应时段的系统性偏差.均一化就是要校订这类系统性偏差,以确切评估时间序列中的变化趋势.近年来随着气候变化研究的深入,均一化也从早期主要着眼于平均态校订发展到更注重极端天气气候信息的校订.本文结合理想的和实际的气候序列分析,演示均一化的基本思路;简介近年来就中国区域气候序列的均一化研究取得的一些新认识,并就该领域存在的(特别是涉及气候极值或极端天气以及多要素物理联系等方面)问题,展望进一步研究.
Conservation and behavior of Africa’s “Big Five”

We examine the conservation status of Africa’s “Big Five”: lion, leopard, buffalo, black and white rhinoceros and elephant, and the role of behavioral knowledge in their conservation. Efforts to conserve these flagship species consist of in situ conservation, captive breeding and reintroductions. With a few exceptions, we find limited evidence that knowledge of behavior informs conservation programs targeted at these species. For management in the wild, knowledge of infanticide and ranging can provide guidelines for realistic hunting quotas and corridors between protected areas, respectively. For ex situ and reintroduction programs, behavioral knowledge is chiefly focused on improved animal husbandry. Despite a formidable understanding of these species’ behavior, the practicalities of using such knowledge may be diminished because exploitation of these species is so forceful and the bulk of efforts aimed at conserving these species (and indeed most other African species) are primarily in situ where behaviorally driven interventions are limited. Our comparative findings suggest that behavior has been of rather narrow use in the conservation of these flagship species.
Two-Dimensional Hybrid Model for High-Current Electron Beam Transport in a Dense Plasma

A two-dimensional hybrid code is developed to model the transport of a high-current electron beam in a dense plasma target. The beam electrons are treated as particles and described by particle-in-cell simulation including collisions with the target plasma particles. The background target plasma is assumed to be a stationary fluid with temperature variations. The return current and the self-generated electric and magnetic fields are obtained by combining Ampere’s law without the displacement current, the resistive Ohm’s law and Faraday’s law. The equations are solved in two-dimensional cylindrical geometry with rotational symmetry on a regular grid, with centered spatial differencing and first-order implicit time differencing. The algorithms implemented in the code are described, and a numerical experiment is performed for an electron beam with Maxwellian distribution ejected into a uniform deuterium-tritium plasma target.
杂交中籼新组合C两优168

C两优168是江西省超级水稻研究发展中心利用两用核不育系C815S与恢复系跃恢168配组育成的两系中籼杂交稻新组合。该组合适应性广,稳产性好,抗倒伏,后期落色好,结实率高,制种产量高。介绍了选育经过、产量表现、特征特性、栽培和制种技术要点。
准两优608 “一季+再生”的头季稻留桩高度研究

为研究准两优608“一季 + 再生”生产模式在浙江常山种植的配套栽培技术,进行了头季稻留桩高度试验。结果表明,在15 ~ 40 cm范围内,随着留桩高度的增高,成熟期提前,产量以留桩高度35 cm最高。
双季晚稻H优518机械化栽培高产技术

2013年H优518在江西上高县作双季晚稻机械化生产,表现出生育期短、分蘖强、有效分蘖多、结实率高、抗性强、米质优、产量高等特性,是双季晚稻机械化生产的理想品种。适时播种、培育矮壮秧、及时小苗栽插、插足基本苗是机械化生产夺取高产的关键措施。
优质杂交稻中浙优8号烟后种植表现及高产栽培技术

中浙优8号是中国水稻研究所和浙江勿忘农种业有限公司合作用优质不育系中浙 A 与 T-8配组育成的优质杂交稻组合。通过烟后栽培示范表明,该组合株叶形态好,分蘖力强,耐肥抗倒,产量高,米质优,适口性好,种植效益好。总结了其高产栽培技术。
经验性治疗老年社区获得性肺炎不需要覆盖产酶肠杆菌科细菌

社区获得性肺炎(community acquired pneumonia,CAP)是严重威胁老年人健康的重要疾病之一。据报道,美国每年约200万至300万例CAP患者,在110万例需住院治疗的患者中,约70万例是老年患者。近来,英国一项调查研究发现:65~69岁间社区获得性下呼吸道感染(lower respiratory tract infections,LRTIs)发生率是92.21次/1000人年,而85~89岁则上升到187.91次/1000人年;CAP的发生率达25~44/1000人年,年龄>85岁的可高达52/1000人/年或更高。Ewig等对德国医疗健康质量保障体系中关于CAP患者临床基本资料进行的分析,共纳入388406例CAP患者,其中老年患者314580例,研究显示:随年龄增加,CAP患者的死亡率增加,年龄60~69岁患者死亡率为9.57%,70~79岁患者死亡率为13.86%,80~89岁患者死亡率达19.14%,≥90岁患者死亡率高达25.45%。老年人易患CAP的可能原因是由其临床自身特点决定的,年龄的增加使得免疫功能下降,且患者常并存多种慢性疾病,若同时伴有营养不良时,则老年患者更易增加感染风险。
室性心律失常碎裂QRS波心肌梗死

综上所述,fQRS是临床和心电学领域的一个较新概念,心电图检查费用低廉,测量方法简单,是临床上诊断心肌梗死的重要手段,12导联心电图出现 fQRS,对诊断OMI有重要价值,但另有临床研究表明,fQRS不仅仅见于心肌梗死,也可见于其他心脏疾病,如心肌炎、心肌病、Brugarda 综合征、二尖瓣狭窄、左心室室壁瘤、肺栓塞等,也可以见于健康人群,所以在今后的临床工作中,应注意观察分析心电图特点,提高陈旧性心肌梗死诊断率、及时发现高危患者并指导临床治疗;同时还应注意分析病史、临床表现和其他辅助检查如超声心动图,以更好的进行诊断和鉴别诊断。
沙利度胺联合环孢素A及泼尼松治疗骨髓增生异常骨髓增殖性肿瘤临床研究

骨髓增生异常/骨髓增殖性肿瘤(MDS/MPN)属于克隆性髓性肿瘤,临床表现为同时具有MDS和MPN的特点,即病态造血、血细胞升高、肝脾肿大等重叠表现。尽管对该类疾病的认识取得了长足进展,但治疗还限于对症和延用MDS 有效的药物如免疫抑制剂环孢素 A(CsA)、去甲基化药物等,疗效不甚理想,单药有效率在20%左右。沙利度胺及雷那度胺等作为抗血管新生和免疫调节剂,在原发性骨髓纤维化(PMF)中取得了较好疗效(40%~50%),CsA在低危 MDS 也取得了30%~50%的临床反应率。本研究设计了沙利度胺、环孢素A和小剂量激素(TCP 方案)三药联合治疗具有重叠表现的MDS/MPN,观察临床疗效及对相关免疫学指标的影响。
地震挤压综合征迟发性肌肉坏死的临床研究

目的总结5·12汶川大地震期间5例挤压综合征(crush syndrome,CS)患者伤后中期出现迟发性肌肉坏死的可能原因、发病机制及临床治疗措施。方法5·12汶川大地震期间收治5例CS患者,男3例,女2例;年龄15 ~ 35岁,平均23.4岁。肢体共17个受压部位,受压时间21 ~ 72 h,平均36 h。入院时病情危重,均表现为急性肾功能衰竭和肝功能损害,合并多部位、大面积感染创面。伤后中期创面动脉性大出血后出现寒战、高热等全身中毒症状,随后出现迟发性肌肉坏死;伤后晚期坏死肌群与周围正常肌群形成明显界限并自然脱离,当创面肉芽屏障形成后,心率、体温逐渐恢复正常。全身治疗主要为纠正肝、肾功能衰竭,抗感染、支持、输血等,局部早期加强引流、结合手术扩创,中期注意有限扩创,晚期进行创面换药及植皮覆盖创面。结果治疗后5例患者创面均愈合,皮肤干燥,无渗液、红肿、坏死、裂开及皮下积脓,愈合时间10 ~ 21个月,平均15.2个月。5例获随访13 ~ 45个月,平均19.6个月。均康复出院;随访期间无死亡,可佩戴假肢或扶拐活动。结论地震CS迟发性肌肉坏死可能是多因素共同作用的结果,具体机制有待进一步研究。