mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Integrated Framework for Vehicle Interior Design Using Digital Human Model

Evaluating the human friendliness of vehicles is essential for designing new vehicles since large numbers of human-machine interactions occur frequently inside vehicles. In this research, we develop an integrated framework for vehicle interior design using a digital human model (DHM). In this framework, the knowledge-based parametric modelling function of vehicles is implemented using a commercial computer-aided design (CAD) system. The combination of the DHM and the CAD system enables designers into carry out ergonomic evaluations of various human-vehicle interactions and understand the effects of modifications of vehicle design parameters on occupants during designing. Further, the information on human-vehicle interaction obtained using this system can be transmitted to dedicated biomechanical analysis software. By analysing human motions inside vehicles using such software, we can obtain optimized interior design parameters.
开发性金融参与铁路建设的对策

"十一五"期间,中国铁路建设将进入快速发展阶段,其中全国性铁路建设的总投资规模将达到一个很高的水平.根据铁路建设的特点以及中国金融体制的实际状况,开发性金融将在其中发挥重要作用.本文从进入方式、退出方式、资本来源、以及风险与控制等方面,分析了开发性金融参与铁路建设的相应对策.
权益成本、债务成本与公司治理:影响差异性研究

公司治理水平是否同时影响上市公司的权益融资成本和债务融资成本?公司治理水平对这两种融资成本的影响是否存在差异?本文以我国深沪两市连续4年具有配股资格和贷款资格的A股上市公司为对象,采用公司治理G指数衡量企业的综合治理水平,关注于这两个问题的解决.我们研究发现:(1)上市公司的综合治理水平有利于降低企业的权益融资成本和债务融资成本;(2)公司治理水平对于企业权益融资成本的影响要大于对于债务融资成本的影响.我们的研究还发现,作为股东的投资者和作为债权人的投资者对于企业的盈利能力都非常关注,并以此作为判断对企业融资要价的主要依据.
基于神经营销学的品牌延伸评估探索:对A&K模型的修正

品牌延伸是常见的营销手段,主要用来降低推出新产品的成本,以及避免新品牌失败的风险.在过去20多年里,学者们致力于探讨品牌延伸的评估过程,形成了以A＆K模型为代表的、以延伸契合性判断为关键中介变量的经典理论模型.但由于传统方法对品牌延伸评估过程的测量和研究视角缺乏统一标准,造成对延伸评估过程的解释各异,带来很多学术争论.本研究基于神经营销学的研究成果,利用神经电生理的时间精确性,将延伸契合性判断过程分解成具有特定认知神经学意义的相似性(冲突注意与监测)、类别(分类处理与记忆)和契合性(高级冲突加工)3个阶段,提出了对A＆K模型的修正,并通过实证数据,支持了修正模型.
基于框架协议的天然气管道工程物资采购管理研究

天然气管道工程建设对物资采购管理要求标准较高,而传统物资采购管理模式却无法满足这些要求.本文针对天然气管道工程建设实际情况及特点,建立了框架协议采购管理流程和保障措施,为提高天然气管道工程建设物资采购管理水平提供了参考.
资源繁荣与人力资本形成和配置

本文提出了一个资源繁荣条件下的人力资本形成和配置的理论分析框架,资源繁荣通过影响教育成本、预期收益率和贴现率对资源繁荣地区人力资本形成产生不利影响,通过提高资源及其相关部门的工资溢价对人力资本的配置形成错误的激励.在此基础上对鄂尔多斯的人力资本形成和配置问题作了经验研究,并提出相应的对策建议.
国外会计稳健实证研究的最新发展与启示

会计稳健是会计准则执行中重要准则之一.本文从会计稳健的需求动机以及经济后果等方面阐述国外会计稳健实证研究的最新发展,并且探讨了对于国内会计稳健实证研究的借鉴意义与启示作用.
长期结果考量、自我牺牲精神与领导授权赋能行为:环境不确定性的调节作用

采用问卷调查的方法,本研究检验了长期结果考量和自我牺牲精神对领导授权赋能行为的影响,以及环境不确定性的调节作用.研究结果表明:(1)长期结果考量对领导授权赋能行为正向影响显著.(2)环境不确定性显著调节长期结果考量和自我牺牲精神与领导授权赋能行为之间的关系.自我牺牲精神与领导授权赋能行为之间的正相关关系在高不确定性环境中要比在低不确定性环境中更显著.但是长期结果考量与领导授权赋能行为之间的正相关关系在低不确定性环境中要比在高不确定性环境中更显著.
全球产业转移与提升我国产业结构水平

世界范围内产业的大规模转移成为全球产业结构升级调整的时代特征,经济全球化的加快和高新技术的发展则大大加速了这一进程.新一轮的产业转移以技术为先导、以服务为重点,呈现出领域集中化、方式主流化等特征.全球产业转移给我国提升产业竞争力带来的机遇和挑战并存.我国产业发展要抓住机遇,迎接挑战,依托市场和创新,充分利用资源、环境优势,以服务业为重点、可持续发展为目标,统筹兼顾,趋利避害,以此为契机实现产业结构优化和升级,提升我国的经济实力.
进城农民工的健康与收入——来自北京市农民工调查的证据

根据在北京市城八区进行的农民工调查数据,本文发现样本农民工存在健康恶化现象,即与流动前的健康状况相比,流动后健康状况可能发生恶化.样本数据显示约四分之一的农民工健康状况出现了恶化趋势.基于个人收入和健康变化的系统性,本文建立了联立方程组,并用三阶段最小二乘法进行回归.结果发现农民工的健康与收入形成了循环作用机制:初始健康状况越好,收入越高.健康对收入的作用更多体现在提高单位时间收益率上;个人收入的获得却在损耗健康;而健康状况的恶化又导致单位收益率下降,但对月收入则无显著影响.健康生产函数的回归结果显示社会经济地位越低的农民工健康越可能恶化,影响农民工健康状况恶化的因素还包括农民工在京生活情况、心理健康程度、社会保障状况等.
基于系统动力学的区域社会经济系统模型

本文利用系统动力学方法的因果反馈特点,对区域社会经济发展模式的特点与原理进行了系统分析,并结合现代社会及经济发展的特点,建立了符合我国发展情况的区域社会经济系统的系统动力学模型.
Algebra Versus Its Anti-symmetric Algebra

For a given algebra A=＜A,+,·),we can define its anti-symmetric algebra A~-=＜A~-,+,[,])using the commutator [,]of A,where the sets A and A~- are the same.We show that there are isomorphic algebras A1 and A2 such that their anti-symmetric algebras are not isomorphic.We define a special type Lie algebra and show that it is simple.
An Empirical Model for Estimating Stratospheric Ozone Vertical Distributions over China

Based on the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE) II and the Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE) ozone profiles and the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) total ozone data sets, an empirical model for estimating the vertical distribution of stratospheric ozone over China is proposed. By using this model, the vertical distribution of stratospheric (16-50 km) ozone can be estimated according to latitude, month and total ozone. Comparisons are made between the modeled ozone profiles and the SAGEII/HALOE monthly mean ozone measurements, and the results show that the model calculated ozone concentrations conform well with the SAGEII/HALOE measured values, with the differences being less than 15% between 16 km and 18 km, less than 5% between 19 km and 40 km, and less than 10% between 41 km and 50 km. Comparisons of the model results with balloon-borne ozonesonde measurements performed in Beijing also show good agreement, within 5%, at altitudes between 19 km and 30 km.
Numerical Study of Impacts of Soil Moisture on the Diurnal and Seasonal Cycles of Sensible/Latent Heat Fluxes over Semi-arid Region

The semi-arid regions, as climatic and ecosystem transitional zones, are the most vulnerable to global environmental change. Earlier researches indicate that the semi-arid regions are characterized by strong land-atmosphere coupling in which soil moisture is the crucial variable in land surface processes. In this paper, we investigate the sensitivity of the sensible/latent heat fluxes to soil moisture during the growing season based on the enhanced observations at Tongyu in the Jilin province of China, a reference site of international Coordinated Energy and Water Cycle Observations Project (CEOP) in the semi-arid regions, by using a sophisticated land surface model (NCAR_CLM3.0). Comparisons between the observed and simulated sensible/latent heat fluxes indicate that the soil moisture has obvious effects on the sensible/latent heat fluxes in terms of diurnal cycle and seasonal evolution. Better representation of the soil moisture could improve the model performance to a large degree. Therefore, for the purpose of simulating the land-atmosphere interaction and predicting the climate and water resource changes in semi-arid regions, it is necessary to enhance the description of the soil moisture distribution both in the way of observation and its treatment in land surface models.
Regional Distribution of Perceived Temperatures Estimated by the Human Heat Budget Model (the Klima-Michel Model) in South Korea

The regional distribution of perceived temperatures (PT) for 28 major weather stations in South Korea during the past 22 years (1983-2004) was investigated by employing a human heat budget model, the Klima-Michel model. The frequencies of a cold stress and a heat load by each region were compared. The sensitivity of PT in terms of the input of synoptic meteorological variables were successfully tested. Seogwipo in Jeju Island appears to be the most comfortable city in Korea. Busan also shows a high frequency in the comfortable PT range. The frequency of the thermal comfort in Seoul is similar to that of Daejeon with a relatively low frequency. In this study, inland cities like Daegu and Daejeon had very hot thermal sensations. Low frequencies of hot thermal sensations appeared in coastal cities (e.g., Busan, Incheon, and Seogwipo). Most of the 28 stations in Korea exhibited a comfort thermal sensation over 40% in its frequency, except for the mountainous regions. The frequency of a heat load is more frequent than that of a cold stress. There are no cities with very cold thermal sensations. In this study, we found the decreasing trend of mortality with an increasing PT. If the PT is over any critical temperature point, however, the mortality rate increases again. The mortality variation with the PT of a station seems to be associated with the latitudinal location of the station, implying that it results from a regional acclimation effect of inhabitants.
Comparison of the Bright Band Characteristics Measured by Micro Rain Radar (MRR) at a Mountain and a Coastal Site in South Korea

Data from a long term measurement of Micro Rain Radar (MRR) at a mountain site (Daegwallyeong, DG, one year period of 2005) and a coastal site (Haenam, HN, three years 2004-2006) in South Korea were analyzed to compare the MRR measured bright band characteristics of stratiform precipitation at the two sites. On average, the bright band was somewhat thicker and the sharpness (average gradient of reflectivity above and below the reflectivity peak) was slightly weaker at DG, compared to those values at HN. The peak reflectivity itself was twice as strong and the relative location of the peak reflectivity within the bright band was higher at HN than at DG. Importantly, the variability of these values was much larger at HN than at DG. The key parameter to cause these differences is suggested to be the difference of the snow particle densities at the two sites, which is related to the degree of riming. Therefore, it is speculated that the cloud microphysical processes at HN may have varied significantly from un-rimed snow growth, producing low density snow particles, to the riming of higher density particles, while snow particle growth at DG was more consistently affected by the riming process, and therefore high density snow particles. Forced uplifting of cloudy air over the mountain area around DG might have resulted in an orographic supercooling effect that led to the enhanced riming of supercooled cloud drops.
Delayed Atmospheric Temperature Response to ENSO SST: Role of High SST and the Western Pacific

Tropical zonally symmetric atmospheric warming occurs during ENSO's warm phase, and lags the equatorial east Pacific sea surface temperatures (SSTs) by 3-4 months. The role of the Indian and Atlantic oceans on the atmospheric delayed response has been pointed out by earlier studies. For 1951-2004, a regression analysis based on the observed SST data shows the western Pacific has a similarly important role as the Indian and Atlantic.Nevertheless, there is time mismatch of around 1-2 months between the zonally averaged tropical SST anomalies and the atmospheric temperature anomalies. It is expected that the tropospheric temperature should be controlled by diabatic heating forcing, which is sensitive primarily to SST anomalies over regions of high climatological SST, rather than to the tropical mean SST anomalies. To describe this mechanism, we propose a parameterization scheme of diabatic heating anomalies dependant on SST anomalies and climatological SST.The 1-2 month mismatch between tropical mean SST anomalies and air temperature anomalies is reconciled by the fact that the tropical mean heating anomalies are dominated by the SST anomalies over regions of high climatological SST, and lag the tropical mean SST anomalies by 1 month. The mechanism described by this parameterization scheme joins several physical processes of ENSO with reasonable time intervals. And the parameterized heating anomalies work better than the tropical mean SST anomalies for capturing the atmospheric temperature signal relative to ENSO.
Nonlinear Feature of the Abrupt Transitions between Multiple Equilibria States of an Ecosystem Model

Based on a five-variable theoretical ecosystem model, the stability of equilibrium state and the nonlinear feature of the transition between a grassland state and a desert state are investigated. The approach of the conditional nonlinear optimal perturbations (CNOPs), which are the nonlinear generalization of the linear singular vectors (LSVs), is adopted. The numerical results indicate that the linearly stable grassland and desert states are nonlinearly unstable to large enough initial perturbations on the condition that the moisture index μ satisfies 0.3126 < μ < 0.3504. The perturbations represent some kind of anthropogenic influence and natural factors. The results obtained by CNOPs, LSVs and Lyapunov vectors (LVs) are compared to analyze the nonlinear feature of the transition between the grassland state and the desert state. Besides this, it is shown that the five-variable model is superior to the three-variable model in providing more visible signals when the transitions occur.
Progress of LHCD and IBW Heating Experiments on HT-7 Tokamak

Experimental progress of lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) and ion Bernstein wave (IBW) heating was achieved significantly in HT-7. Long pulse plasmas, up to 400 s, were obtained by LHCD. High power lower hybrid wave (LHW), with P_(LHW) of 800 kW at 2.45 GHz,was launched and the current drive efficiency was studied for different wave powers. Electron temperature and Z_(eff) were measured in LHCD discharges. Heating experiment and recent results of high power ion Bernstein wave, with P_(IBW) of 600 kW at 27 MHz, were summarized.
Contribution of the Large Helical Device Plasmas to Alfvén Eigenmode Physics in Toroidal Plasmas

In the large helical device (LHD) having three dimensional configuration, Alfvén eigenmodes (AEs) destabilized by energetic ions are widely investigated using neutral beam heated plasmas with monotonic and non-monotonic rotational transform (ι/2π) profiles. In a plasma global one are often observed. With the increase in the averaged toroidal beta value, defined as the ratio of total plasma pressure to toroidal magnetic pressure, core-localized TAE with low toroidal mode number becomes global. In a relatively high beta plasma with monotonic (ι/2π)-profile,two TAEs with different toroidal mode number often interact nonlinearly and generate another modes through three wave coupling. In a plasma with non-monotonic (ι/2π)-profile generated by acoustic mode (GAM) excited by energetic ions were observed for the first time in a helical plasma.Nonlinear coupling was also observed between RSAE and GAM.
锁骨上窝皮下异位支气管囊肿1例

患者男,24岁,右胸部肿块20余年,近来增大伴刺痛1个月.查体:右胸部可见4.5 cm×4.5 cm大小的肿块,质中,表面光滑,活动度可,有轻触压痛.B超:右锁骨内侧约4.3 cm×2.6 cm大小囊性占位,透声差.
人参二醇组皂苷抗动脉粥样硬化的作用及机制

目的 探讨人参二醇组皂苷(PDS)的抗动脉粥样硬化作用及机制.方法 Wistar大鼠45只,随机分为对照组、模型组、PDS组,每组15只.对照组大鼠喂饲普通饲料,模型组及PDS组大鼠采用高脂饮食加维生素D3(总量7×10~5 U/kg,分别于第1周和第6周腹腔注射)建立大鼠动脉粥样硬化模型.PDS组大鼠高脂喂养同时每日1次PDS(100 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1))灌胃,每周称重1次并根据体重变化调整给药量;对照组及模型组大鼠以相应生理盐水灌胃.11 w后颈动脉采血检测血脂水平,光镜下观察主动脉弓形态学变化,免疫组化染色法检测胸主动脉细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)的表达.结果 与模型组比较,PDS给药组TC、LDL-C和AI明显降低(P<0.01,P<0.05),血清甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白水平无明显差异.光镜下模型组血管壁多处可见典型粥样硬化斑块,药物组血管壁结构变化轻微,局部仅见内皮脱落;对照组血管壁光滑完整,未发生病理变化.免疫组织化学染色结果显示,模型组阳性细胞率与对照组比较明显升高(P<0.01);与模型组比较,PDS组阳性细胞率明显降低(P<0.01);而PDS组阳性细胞率与对照组无明显差异.结论 PDS具有预防动脉粥样硬化形成的作用,通过下调主动脉ICAM-1的表达量,抑制AS的形成.
老年下呼吸道院内感染产超广谱β-内酰胺酶大肠埃希菌的监测及耐药性分析

目前,医院感染的病原菌仍以革兰阴性(G-)杆菌为主[1,2],其中最常见的是大肠埃希菌.老年患者由于基础疾病多、病程长、免疫力低下等原因是G-杆菌的易感人群.
MRI诊断半月板和交叉韧带损伤的准确性:与关节镜的比较研究

本研究通过与关节镜检查相对照,探讨不同医学中心常规核磁共振检查对膝关节半月板和交叉韧带损伤诊断的准确性.前瞻性检查了年龄在22～59岁之间的病人70例,在对所有的病人进行了详细的病史采集,X线片检查,临床查体,常规核磁共振检查和关节镜检查术,计算出其相应的敏感度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、P值和kappa值.结果表明:MRI检查对内侧、外侧半月板的敏感性分别为47%和100%,特异性分别为95%和75%.准确性分别为73%和78.5%.对前交叉韧带(ACL)的敏感性为77.8%,特异性为100%,准确性为94%.研究发现MRI对内侧、外侧半月板检查与关节镜检查有着良好一致性,kappa值分别为0.43、0.45;对前交叉韧带的检查有极佳的一致性,kappn值为0.84.由此可见,MRI对半月板、交叉韧带的检查具有高度准确性,应当用做确定关节镜手术指征的初步诊断手段.
后路椎管减压钉-棒内固定治疗腰椎爆裂性骨折并不全瘫48例

[目的]探讨后路椎板开窗减压并钉-棒内固定治疗腰椎爆裂性骨折伴不全瘫的临床效果.[方法]对48例腰椎爆裂性骨折伴不全瘫患者采用后路椎板间开窗减压、椎弓根螺钉固定,椎板、关节突及横突间植骨治疗,其中单侧椎板开窗28例、双侧椎板开窗减压20例.随访椎管内减压情况、椎体高度和神经功能恢复情况.[结果]所有患者椎管减压允分,椎体前缘高度由术前平均48.5%矫正到术后93.2%,后凸角(Cobb's角)由术前的平均28.5°矫正到术后的平均6.5°.37例获得随访,随访时间10～24个月,平均15个月.神经功能按Frankel分级,术后有1～3级恢复,X线片未见椎体高度及脊柱成角加重.[结论]经后路椎管减压钉-棒固定治疗腰椎爆裂骨折伴不全瘫,可同时解决脊髓或/和神经根减压和脊梓稳定的问题,在正确选择适应证的情况下,可取得良好的治疗效果.
3例脑耗盐综合征治疗体会

脑耗盐综合征(cerebral salt wasting syndrome,CSWS)是中枢神经系统疾病继发的一种常见的水盐代谢紊乱.可发生于急性脑梗死、颅脑损伤、脑出血、颅内压增高、颅内肿瘤、颅内感染、蛛网膜下腔出血等中枢神经系统疾病及神经系统手术后.现将ICU近期收治的3例患者报道如下.
灵芝孢子粉对2型糖尿病大鼠附睾组织Cyt-C和半胱天冬酶的影响

目的:观察和探讨灵芝孢子粉对2型糖尿病大鼠附睾组织中细胞色素C(Cyt-C)、半胱天冬酶(caspase)的影响.方法: 50只青春期大鼠随机分为模型组、灵芝治疗组和对照组组,模型组和灵芝治疗组大鼠经尾静脉1次性注射2 %链脲佐菌素(STZ)制备2型糖尿病大鼠模型,分别给以高脂高糖饮食、高脂高糖+灵芝孢子粉(250 mg·kg~(-1)·d(-1)),对照组给予柠檬酸-柠檬酸钠缓冲液尾静脉注射,正常饮食.10周后,取双侧附睾,用张均田法检测附睾细胞Cyt-C含量、免疫组化检测附睾体部细胞caspase酶活力.结果: 2型糖尿病模型制备成功,模型组附睾细胞线粒体Cyt-C含量明显少于对照组(P<0.05),胞质Cyt-C含量明显高于对照组(P<0.01);灵芝治疗组线粒体Cyt-C含量高于模型组,但差异无显著(P>0.05),胞质Cyt-C含量明显低于模型组(P<0.05),与对照组比较无显著差异(P>0.05);模型组caspase-3、8、9平均吸光度值明显高于对照组(P<0.01),灵芝治疗组caspase-3、8、9平均吸光度值明显高于对照组(P<0.05),明显低于模型组(P<0.05).结论: 2型糖尿病大鼠附睾细胞线粒体有损伤,附睾细胞存在细胞凋亡过度.在糖尿病状态下,灵芝孢子粉对附睾组织有保护作用.
抗苗勒管激素在卵巢功能监测中的作用

抗苗勒管激素(anti-Müllerian hormone,AMH)又称苗勒管抑制素(Müllerian inhibiting substance,MIS),属于转化生长因子-β家族中的成员.AMH最初作为胎儿睾丸因子在睾丸未成熟的支持细胞上被发现,主要作用是发布信号使男性胎儿苗勒管退化.对于雌性,AMH也在卵巢的颗粒细胞上表达,主要由窦前卵泡和小窦状卵泡的颗粒细胞分泌,且AMH表达的水平与卵巢功能密切相关,成为评价卵巢功能的又一指标并在临床上广泛应用.笔者就AMH在卵巢中的作用及其与卵巢功能的关系做一综述.
复方益母口服液对小鼠疼痛模型的影响

目的 探讨复方益母口服液对痛经的治疗特点.方法 采用灌服己烯雌酚溶液及注射催产素造痛经模型、热板法致痛和醋酸所致小鼠扭体法等实验观察复方益母口服液的镇痛作用.结果 复方益母口服液可显著提高小鼠热板法致痛的痛阈,使痛阈提高值显著升高;复方益母口服液组可显著延长醋酸所致小鼠扭体反应发生的潜伏期,显著减少10 min内小鼠扭体发生次数;复方益母口服液可显著延长己烯雌酚加催产素所致小鼠痛经模型扭体反应的潜伏期、显著减少10min内小鼠扭体次数.结论 复方益母口服液有好的镇痛作用.
提取木香中木香烃内酯及去氢木香内酯影响因素的初步研究

目的 考察溶媒、温度、加热时间对木香活性成分木香烃内酯和去氢木香内酯的影响.方法 用水和乙醇回流提取木香,分别将其提取物控制在不同的温度和时间范围内加热,用HPLC法测定木香烃内酯和去氢木香内酯的含量变化.结果 醇提取物中木香烃内酯和去氢木香内酯的含量远远高于水提取物,以乙醇为溶媒,两成分含量变化小;以水为溶媒,随着温度升高,加热时间延长,两成分下降明显,尤其是木香烃内酯.结论 溶媒、温度对木香烃内酯影响最为显著,时间因素次之,在含有木香的制剂工艺制备过程中要充分考虑这些影响因素,最大程度地保留有效成分.
浅谈肾脏病患者降压药物的选择

降压药物是肾脏病最常用的治疗药物之一,究其原因一方面是因为肾脏病患者高血压的发生率高,而且高血压是造成肾脏病进展的最大危险因素;另一方面某些降压药物能在肾脏局部发挥作用,拮抗RAS和ATII、降低肾小球内灌注压,从而减少蛋白尿和抑制肾小球硬化的进展,保护肾功能.
急诊创伤外科的新进展和挑战

创伤始终伴随人类社会的发展过程,创伤外科的治疗概念也始终在不断地发展和进步.随着专业化治疗和先进技术的应用创伤外科的发展遇到了前所未有的挑战.我国急诊创伤外科同样也正在经历一个艰难的探索发展模式的过程,尽管运行模式多种多样,但目标最终是以最短的时间内获得最有效的治疗.本文就近年来急诊创伤外科领域的新进展作一概述.
COX-2在急性肺损伤中的作用

环氧化酶-2(eyelooxygenase-2,COX-2)属于还氧化酶类,该类酶是前列腺素合成过程中的限速酶,它将花生四烯酸代谢成各种前列腺素产物,后者参与维持机体的各种生理和病理过程.肺组织是前列腺素合成和灭活的主要部位,目前研究表明COX-2在肺癌、肺部炎症、肺纤维化等发病机制中发挥重要作用.本文将COX-2的基本特点及其在肺损伤中的作用机制作一综述.
大力推进我国灾害医学的发展

世界卫生组织(WHO)指出,任何引起设施破坏、经济严重受损、人员伤亡、健康状况及卫生服务条件恶化的事件,如其规模已超出事件发生社区的承受能力而不得不向社区外部寻求专门援助时,称为灾害.在灾害事故中,大部分会因涉及人员的伤亡而必须迅速实施医疗救援,这就是灾难医学.
发电机灭磁速度与机组损坏程度的关系分析

对10起造成发电机-变压器组损坏的事故进行分析.大部分发电机组的事故损坏情况与灭磁速度无关,少数机组采用快速灭磁,虽可适当减小损坏范围,但对事故的修复时间及费用影响很小,而灭磁系统的不可靠往往是事故扩大的主要原因.因此,灭磁系统的设计应主要考虑可靠性,不能因为提高灭磁速度而降低可靠性.
肝性血卟啉病导致亚急性重型肝炎1例

1 临床资料 患者,男,26岁,藏族,僧人,以反复恶心、呕吐,黄疸伴纳差、乏力1  mo入院.患者1  mo前无明显诱因出现反复恶心、呕吐胃内容物,食欲减退,饮食量少,疲乏无力,随后出现黄疸,小便呈棕红色,量少,在当地县医院诊治,未明确诊断,在治疗过程中反复鼻腔出血,曾有柏油样便2 d,曾昏迷2 d,经治疗后大便恢复正常,神志清醒,其他症状进行性加重,黄疸进行性加深.既往暴露部位皮肤反复出皮疹,伴痒痛感20余年,日光照射后明显加重,其父自幼也有类似症状.
肾动态显像及GFR测定的影响因素分析

0 引言 肾动态显像已成为临床核医学的常规检查项目、一次检查可以了解肾脏的血流灌注、大小、形态及其摄取、分泌、排泄功能,并获得肾小球滤过率等重要指标,是评价肾功能特别是分肾功能最准确的方法之一.为临床提供诊断和治疗依据.但很多因素如患者准备、仪器设备状态、药物制备、注射剂量、医护人员操作等情况均可能影响图像质量及GFR测定的准确性;根据我们多年的临床经验及有报道对其影响因素分析如下.
夫西地酸治疗67例耐药葡萄球菌肺炎临床观察

近年来,耐药葡萄球菌感染发生率明显增加,临床可选用抗菌药物非常有限.长期以来,万古霉素一直作为治疗耐药葡萄球菌感染的首选药物,但不良反应较多,尤其在肾功能不良患者及老年人中应用需谨慎.
组织工程化肌腱研究的相关问题

组织工程化肌腱种子细胞的主要来源及存在的问题?答:目前用于组织工程化肌腱构建的种子细胞主要有以下几种:肌腱细胞:肌腱细胞是肌腱组织的基本功能单位,最方便作为种子细胞,但它是分化成熟的功能细胞,体外培养时,增殖缓慢,且几代后往往丧失增殖能力,同时也存在供体限制.永生化肌腱细胞珠虽然保留了肌腱细胞的功能特性又能进行长期大量扩增,但作为组织工程化肌腱种子细胞必须排除或控制其致瘤性,需要谨慎对待.
Correlation between anti-fibrotic effect of baicalin and serum cytokines in rat hepatic fibrosis

AIM: To investigate the correlation between the antifibrotic effect of baicalin and serum cytokine production in rat hepatic fibrosis. METHODS: Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into four groups: normal control group, model group, baicalin-treated group, and colchicine-treated group. Except for the normal control group, all rats in the other groups were administered with carbon tetrachloride to induce hepatic fibrosis. At the same time, the last two groups were also treated with baicalin or colchicine. At the end of the 8 wk, all animals were sacrificed. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), transforming growth factor (TGF)-b1, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 were measured. Liver index, hepatic hydroxyproline content and the degree of liver fibrosis were also evaluated. RESULTS: The levels of ALT, AST and liver index in the baicalin-treated group were markedly lower than those in the model group (ALT: 143.88 ± 14.55 U/L vs 193.58 ± 24.35 U/L; AST: 263.66 ± 44.23 U/L vs 404.37 ± 68.29 U/L; liver index: 0.033 ± 0.005 vs 0.049 ± 0.009, P < 0.01). Baicalin therapy also significantly attenuated the degree of hepatic fibrosis, collagen area and collagen area percentage in liver tissue ( P < 0.01). Furthermore, the levels of serum TGFb1, TNF-a and IL-6 were strikingly reduced in the baicalin-treated group compared with the model group, while the production of IL-10 was up-regulated: (TGF-b1: 260.21 ± 31.01 pg/mL vs 375.49 ± 57.47 pg/mL; TNF-a: 193.40 ± 15.18 pg/mL vs 260.04 ± 37.70 pg/mL; IL-6: 339.87 ± 72.95 pg/mL vs 606.47 ± 130.73 pg/mL; IL-10: 506.22 ± 112.07 pg/mL vs 316.95 ± 62.74 pg/mL, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Baicalin shows certain therapeutic effects on hepatic fibrosis, probably by immunoregulating the imbalance between profibrotic and antifibrotic cytokines.
自体血液治疗肺叶切除术后持续肺漏气28例

目的 探讨自体血液胸腔内注射治疗肺叶切除术后持续肺漏气的方法和效果.方法 对肺部手术后持续肺漏气超过5天的28例患者,第5天予胸腔内注射自体血液,如果第7天和第9天还漏气则相同方法重复一次.结果 本组28例患者胸腔内注射后均治愈,未发生感染,随访6月,无复发及脓胸形成.结论 自体血液胸腔内注射治疗持续性肺漏气是一种安全、有效的方法.
巨大食管平滑肌瘤的外科处理

食管平滑肌瘤为食管最常见的良性肿瘤,其诊断及外科治疗均有一定特点~[1],其中巨大食管平滑肌瘤少见,易误诊,在处理上也有别于小的平滑肌瘤.作者对3例巨大食管平滑肌瘤患者的术前影像学、内镜资料及外科治疗方法进行回顾性分析,现报告如下.
A guide to diagnosis of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia in digestive diseases

Iron deficiency (ID), with or without anemia, is often caused by digestive diseases and should always be investigated, except in very specific situations, as its causes could be serious diseases, such as cancer. Diagnosis of ID is not always easy. Low serum levels of ferritin or transferrin saturation, imply a situation of absolute or functional ID. It is sometimes difficult to differentiate ID anemia from anemia of chronic diseases, which can coexist. In this case, other parameters, such as soluble transferrin receptor activity can be very useful. After an initial evaluation by clinical history, urine analysis, and serological tests for celiac disease, gastroscopy and colonoscopy are the key diagnostic tools for investigating the origin of ID, and will detect the most important and prevalent diseases. If both tests are normal and anemia is not severe, treatment with oral iron can be indicated, along with stopping any treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In the absence of response to oral iron, or if the anemia is severe or clinical suspicion of important disease persists, we must insist on diagnostic evaluation. Repeat endoscopic studies should be considered in many cases and if both still show normal results, investigating the small bowel must be considered. The main techniques in this case are capsule endoscopy, followed by enteroscopy.
Spectrum of anemia associated with chronic liver disease

Anemia of diverse etiology is a common complication of chronic liver diseases. The causes of anemia include acute or chronic gastrointestinal hemorrhage, and hypersplenism secondary to portal hypertension. Severe hepatocellular disease predisposes to hemorrhage because of impaired blood coagulation caused by deficiency of blood coagulation factors synthesized by hepatocytes, and/or thrombocytopenia. Aplastic anemia, which is characterized by pancytopenia and hypocellular bone marrow, may follow the development of hepatitis. Its presentation includes progressive anemia and hemorrhagic manifestations. Hematological complications of combination therapy for chronic viral hepatitis include clinically significant anemia, secondary to treatment with ribavirin and/or interferon. Ribavirininduced hemolysis can be reversed by reducing the dose of the drug or discontinuing it altogether. Interferons may contribute to anemia by inducing bone marrow suppression. Alcohol ingestion is implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic liver disease and may contribute to associated anemia. In patients with chronic liver disease, anemia may be exacerbated by deficiency of folic acid and/or vitamin B12 that can occur secondary to inadequate dietary intake or malabsorption.
越南社会主义共和国矿产资源及其地质特征

越南社会主义共和国的矿产资源种类较全,分布相对集中,自1945年后经过数十年不懈努力,不论在金属矿产、非金属矿产及能源矿产方面都取得了成就,成为东南亚国家中矿产资源比较丰富的国家之一.近十几年来越南政府采取更加开放的政策,吸引外资,合作勘查与开发,使矿产地质工作走上了一条崭新道路.