mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Delta-doped quantum wire tunnel junction for highly concentrated solar cells

We propose a novel structure for tunnel junction based on delta-doped AlGaAs/GaAs quantum wires. Higher spatial confinement of quantum wires alongside the increased effective doping concentration in the delta-doped regions extremely increase the peak tunneling current and enhance the performance of tunnel junction. The proposed structure can be used as tunnel junction in the multijunction solar cells under the highest possible thermodynamically limited solar concentration. The combination of the quantum wire with the delta-doped structure can be of benefit to the solar cells' advantages including higher number of sub-bands and high degeneracy. Simulation results show a voltage drop of 40 mV due to the proposed tunnel junction used in a multijunction solar cell which presents an extremely low resistance to the achieved peak tunneling current.
Quantum interferometry via a coherent state mixed with a squeezed number state

We theoretically investigate the phase sensitivity with parity measurement on a Mach-Zehnder interferometer with a coherent state combined with a squeezed number state. Within a constraint on the total mean photon number, we find, via parity measurement, that the mixing of a coherent state and squeezed number state can give better phase sensitivity than mixing a coherent state and squeezed vacuum state when the phase shift deviates from the optimal phase φ =0. In addition, we show that the classical Fisher information for parity measurement saturates the quantum Fisher information when the phase shift approaches to zero. Thus, the quantum Cramer-Rao bound can be reached via the parity measurement in the case of φ = 0.
Enhancement of spatial resolution of ghost imaging via localizing and thresholding

In ghost imaging, an illumination light is split into test and reference beams which pass through two different optical systems respectively and an image is constructed with the second-order correlation between the two light beams. Since both light beams are diffracted when passing through the optical systems, the spatial resolution of ghost imaging is in general lower than that of a corresponding conventional imaging system. When Gaussian-shaped light spots are used to illuminate an object, randomly scanning across the object plane, in the ghost imaging scheme, we show that by localizing central positions of the spots of the reference light beam, the resolution can be increased by a factor of √2 same as that of the corresponding conventional imaging system. We also find that the resolution can be further enhanced by setting an appropriate threshold to the bucket measurement of ghost imaging.
Dynamics of traveling wave solutions to a highly nonlinear Fujimoto-Watanabe equation

In this work, we apply the bifurcation method of dynamical systems to investigate the underlying complex dynamics of traveling wave solutions to a highly nonlinear Fujimoto-Watanabe equation. We identify all bifurcation conditions and phase portraits of the system in different regions of the three-dimensional parametric space, from which we present the sufficient conditions to guarantee the existence of traveling wave solutions including solitary wave solutions, periodic wave solutions, kink-like (antikink-like) wave solutions, and compactons. Furthermore, we obtain their exact expressions and simulations, which can help us understand the underlying physical behaviors of traveling wave solutions to the equation.
Central role of the LEAFY COTYLEDON1 transcription factor in seed development

Seed development is a complex period of the flowering plant life cycle. After fertilization, the three main regions of the seed, embryo, endosperm and seed coat, undergo a series of developmental processes that result in the production of a mature seed that is developmentally arrested, desiccated, and metabolically quiescent. These processes are highly coordinated, both temporally and spatially, to ensure the proper growth and development of the seed. The transcription factor, LEAFY COTYLEDON1 (LEC1), is a central regulator that controls several aspects of embryo and endosperm development, including embryo morphogenesis, photosynthesis, and storage reserve accumulation. Thus, LEC1 regulates distinct sets of genes at different stages of seed development. Despite its critical importance for seed development, an understanding of the mechanisms underlying LEC1's multifunctionality is only beginning to be obtained. Recent studies describe the roles of specific transcription factors and the hormones, gibberellic acid and abscisic acid, in controlling the activity and transcriptional specificity of LEC1 across seed development. Moreover, studies indicate that LEC1 acts as a pioneer transcription factor to promote epigenetic reprogramming during embryogenesis. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms that enable LEC1 to serve as a central regulator of seed development.
What is the relationship between frailty and orthostatic hypotension in older adults?

Background Frailty and orthostatic hypotension (OH),which is common in older adults,is associated with morbidity and mortality.The relationship between them remains unclear.The aim of the study is to determine whether there is a relationship between frailty and OH.Methods A total of 496 patients who were admitted to the geriatric clinic and underwent comprehensive geriatric assessment were retrospectively reviewed.In a cross-sectional and observational study,OH was measured by the Head-up Tilt Table test at 1,3,and 5 min (respectively,OH_1,OH_3,and OH_5) and the frailty was measured by the Fried's frailty scale.Results The mean age of all patients was 75.4 ± 7.38.The prevalence of females was 69.8%.When the frail people were compared with the pre-frail and the robust ones,the frailty was associated with OH_1.There was no relationship between the groups in terms of OH_1 when the pre-frail group was compared with the robust group.OH_3 were higher in the frail group than in the pre-frail group (P <0.05) and the OH_5 were higher in the frail group than in the pre-frail and robust group (P <0.05),but OH_3 and OH_5 were not associated with frailty status when they were adjusted for age (P >0.05).Slowness and weakness were associated with OH_1 (P <0.05),whereas the other components of the Fried's test were not.Conclusions Frailty may be a risk factor for OH_1.The 1st min measurements of OH should be routinely evaluated in frail older adults to prevent OH-related poor outcomes.
PARP1 interacts with HMGB1 and promotes its nuclear export in pathological myocardial hypertrophy

High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) exhibits various functions according to its subcellular location, which is finely conditioned by diverse post-translational modifications, such as acetylation. The nuclear HMGB1 may prevent from cardiac hypertrophy, whereas its exogenous protein is proven to induce hypertrophic response. This present study sought to investigate the regulatory relationships between poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) and HMGB1 in the process of pathological myocardial hypertrophy. Primary-cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) were respectively incubated with three cardiac hypertrophic stimulants, including angiotensin II (Ang II), phenylephrine (PE), and isoproterenol (ISO), and cell surface area and the mRNA expression of hypertrophic biomarkers were measured. the catalytic activity of PARP1 was remarkably enhanced, meanwhile HMGB1 excluded from the nucleus. PARP1 overexpression by infecting with adenovirus PARP1 (Ad-PARP1) promoted the nuclear export of HMGB1, facilitated its secretion outside the cell, aggravated cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, which could be alleviated by HMGB1 overexpression. PE treatment led to the similar results, while that effect was widely depressed by PARP1 silencing or its specific inhibitor AG14361. Moreover, SD rats were intraperitoneally injected with 3-aminobenzamide (3AB, 20 mg/kg every day, a wellestablished PARP1 inhibitor) 7 days after abdominal aortic constriction (AAC) surgery for 6 weeks, echocardiography and morphometry of the hearts were measured. Pre-treatment of 3AB relieved AAC-caused the translocation of nuclear HMGB1 protein, cardiac hypertrophy, and heart dysfunction. Our research offers a novel evidence that PARP1 combines with HMGB1 and accelerates its translocation from nucleus to cytoplasm, and the course finally causes cardiac hypertrophy.
复苏反馈装置提高胸外按压质量的模拟交叉对照研究

目的观察反馈装置对改善胸外按压质量的效果。方法本研究针对急诊医护人员,采用交叉对照的模拟研究,半身型安妮CPR模型(挪度公司,上海)\复苏反馈装置采用R系列除颤仪(Zoll公司,美国),将传感器安放在模拟人的胸壁,按压时屏幕可实时显示按压深度、按压频率、胸廓回弹情况。结果两个阶段中有反馈装置的胸外按压的深度达标率均显著高于无反馈按压(均P<0.01),第二阶段反馈按压的深度达标率也较第一阶段有改善(86.7% vs78.4%,P=0.001)。两个阶段中有反馈装置的胸外按压的频率达标率显著高于无反馈按压(均P<0.01);第二阶段无反馈按压、有反馈按压的频率达标率均较第一阶段有改善(73.7% vs 25.3%,P<0.01;91.1% vs 81.3%;P =0.027);两个阶段中有反馈装置的胸外按压中有效CPR的比例均高于无反馈装置的按压(分别为40/98 vs3/93,58/93 vs8/98,均P<0.01)。第二阶段有反馈装置的按压中有效CPR的比例多于第一阶段(58/93 vs40/98;P=0.004),而无反馈装置的按压中有效CPR的比例两个阶段差异无统计学意义。结论实践中进行定期CPR技能重复培训是保证医护人员按压质量的有效方法,将反馈装置应用于CPR培训中,可以进一步提高培训效果。
产前应激与胎儿发育

产前应激(prenatal stress,PS)是妊娠期母体受到各种内外界环境因素、社会和心理因素刺激时,所表现出的全身性、特异性适应反应。产前应激不仅影响母体本身,还可能影响胎儿的正常发育,甚至诱发终身疾病。发育中的胎儿对外界刺激具有较高的敏感性和较低的适应性,且产前应激对胎儿的生理和心理上都有较大的危害,致使后代生长发育迟缓、免疫功能紊乱、疾病易感性增加,而产前应激对胎儿的影响取决于应激的类型、时间、强度以及后代的性别,因此本研究主要综述光照应激、束缚应激、冷应激等几种产前应激对胎儿发育的影响,为研究动物产前应激提供理论基础。
Modified version of three-component model-based decomposition for polarimetric SAR data

A new hybrid Freeman/eigenvalue decomposition based on the orientation angle compensation and the various extended volume models for polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) data are presented.There are three steps in the novel version of the three-component model-based decomposition.Firstly,two special unitary transform matrices are applied on the coherency matrix for deorientation to decrease the correlation between the co-polarized term and the cross-polarized term.Secondly,two new conditions are proposed to distinguish the manmade structures and the nature media after the orientation angle compensation.Finally,in order to adapt to the scattering properties of different media,five different volume scattering models are used to decompose the coherency matrix.These new conditions pre-resolves man-made structures,which is beneficial to the subsequent selection of a more suitable volume scattering model.Fully PolSAR data on San Francisco are used in the experiments to prove the efficiency of the proposed hybrid Freeman/eigenvalue decomposition.
肝配蛋白B2在甲状腺乳头状癌组织的表达及其临床意义

肝配蛋白B2(EphrinB2)在肿瘤发生发展的多个环节起重要作用。本研究检测EphrinB2在甲状腺乳头状癌(PTC)组织中的表达,分析其意义。
痴呆患者卫生清洁护理相关指南的系统评价

目的评价照护者对痴呆患者卫生清洁护理相关的循证指南,为痴呆患者进行卫生清洁护理提供参考。方法计算机检索文献数据库和国内外指南网站、医学会网站,搜集照护者对痴呆患者进行卫生清洁相关循证指南,采用临床研究评估工具(AGREE Ⅱ)对纳入的文献进行质量评价,汇总各指南的推荐意见。结果纳入5篇相关指南,均来自国外,文献质量均为B级。各指南主要推荐的卫生清洁护理措施包括口腔护理、沐浴及如厕卫生清洁护理,涉及护理措施、照护者培训与要求、护理政策及计划。结论纳入的痴呆患者卫生清洁护理的指南还需不同程度修改完善,特别是其严谨性、应用性、独立性;应尽快开发适用于我国痴呆患者卫生清洁护理的相关指南,供国内患者、照护者及临床护士参考。
Influence of Microstructures on Thermal Shock and Sintering Behavior of YSZ-based Thermal Barrier Coatings

In this study, two thermal barrier coatings based on YSZ were produced by using a commercially available agglomerated and sintered powder and a special spray powder prepared by high energy ball milling. Both thermal barrier coatings exhibited similar overall porosities, but significantly different microstructures. Application of the special spray powder prepared by high energy ball milling led to a microstructure with numerous inclusions of semi-molten agglomerates, which introduced a plethora of clusters of fine pores into the coating and several more microstructural defects. This microstructure resulted in a significantly better thermal shock behavior compared to the conventional thermal barrier coating. The heat treatment of both thermal barrier coatings at θ=1150 ℃ for t=100 h led to a sintering of both coatings. The results were reduced overall porosity and significantly increased fracture toughness. A correlation between the fracture toughness of both coatings after the heat treatment and the thermal shock life time could not be identified.
颅咽管瘤的基础研究现状

颅咽管瘤是颅内常见的先天性肿瘤,尽管其组织学上为良性肿瘤,但常侵袭垂体柄、视路、下丘脑等重要神经结构,严重影响患者的生命质量。目前颅咽管瘤的发病机制仍未明确,但随着分子生物学技术的进步,其基础研究不断深入。本文分别从颅咽管瘤的信号通路、基因突变、动物模型等方面阐述其研究进展。
基于SSVEP 的无线脑-机接口系统研究与实现

针对目前脑-机接口存在的成本高、普及面窄、体积笨重等问题,开发基于稳态视觉诱发电位(SSVEP)的无线脑-机接口系统,并对脑电信号特征提取算法进行研究。脑电采集设备采用锂电池供电,通过无线方式传送数据到上位机进行数据处理。上位机软件对接收的信号进行滤波预处理,并基于小波变换的典型相关分析法(WTCCA)对信号特征提取及处理,甄别视觉诱发刺激类型。对10名测试者分别测试15组数据,结果表明该系统成功获取含有特征信息的脑电信号,经过上位机处理后被外部机器人识别的准确率达90%以上。这一脑-机接口系统技术成本低、准确率高、便携可穿戴,对残障人士修复运动功能和感觉功能具有重要的应用价值,也促进脑机交互技术的普及和发展。
Superhydrophobic PVDF/TiO_2-SiO_2 Membrane with Hierarchical Roughness in Membrane Distillation for Water Recovery from Phenolic Rich Solution Containing Surfactant

Superhydrophobic poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membrane incorporated with nanoparticles was applied in membrane distillation to recover water from phenolic rich solution containing surfactant. The membranes coated on woven support were fabricated using phase inversion with dual bath coagulation and post-modified using silane. The membranes incorporated with TiO_2, SiO_2, or a mixture of TiO_2-SiO_2 nanoparticles achieved the water contact angle higher than 160°. The addition of TiO_2-SiO_2 mixture into PVDF matrix further enhanced the hierarchical roughness of membrane. Hence, PVDF/TiO_2-SiO_2 membrane achieved the highest permeation flux and rejected 99.9% of gallic acid in the feed (100 g/L). PVDF/TiO_2-SiO_2 membrane also maintained a relative flux (J/J0) higher than 0.9 after 8 h of operation. Even with the presence of surfactant in phenolic rich solution, PVDF/TiO_2-SiO_2 membrane was able to exhibit relative flux above 0.8. The significant changes on the hydrophobicity and chemical properties of PVDF/TiO_2-SiO_2 membrane due to fouling were not observed after 50 h of static adsorption test.
麻醉科门诊建设专家指导意见

麻醉科门诊的建设对于提升医疗服务能力,适应不断增长的医疗服务需求,满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要具有重要意义(国卫办医函〔2017〕1191号)。建设麻醉科门诊是麻醉科作为临床二级学科的重要标志之一,是提高麻醉质量控制、保障患者围术期安全和促进预后的重要环节。
游离足底内侧皮瓣修复手掌和足跟软组织缺损

目的探讨游离足底内侧皮瓣修复手掌和足跟软组织缺损的临床效果。方法自2015年9月至2017年7月应用游离足底内侧皮瓣修复手掌软组织缺损12例,足跟软组织缺损7例。外伤性缺损8例,慢性溃疡5例,瘢痕挛缩切除创面6例。软组织缺损范围2.5 cm × 3.5 5.0 cm × 8.0 cm,均为择期手术。结果17例皮瓣完全存活,2例皮瓣术后分别在术后第二天和第三天出现血管危象,经探查后存活,供区植皮15例I期愈合,4例发生部分坏死,经换药愈合。术后18例随访6~18个月,皮瓣质地、色泽良好,角化度良好,近似受区周围皮肤,手部皮瓣恢复掌纹,抓握持物功能良好,足部皮瓣无溃疡,行走功能良好,所有皮瓣外观不臃肿,感觉恢复达S3~S3+,两点分辨觉为6~8mm。供足功能、感觉无影响。结论足底内侧皮肤与手掌、足跟皮肤结构最为接近,质坚韧、耐磨、感觉好,是修复手掌和足跟软组织缺损的理想皮瓣。
Invasion of the biosphere by synthetic polymers: What our current knowledge may mean for our future

In 1974, a member of the Council of the British Plastics Federation and a fellow of the Plastics Institute, stated that “Plastics litter is a very small proportion of all litter and causes no harm to the environment except as an eyesore”(Derraik, 2002). It has taken less than fifty years for that opinion to be completely discredited, indeed, that opinion was already in doubt the moment it was stated. Nevertheless, it was the strong denial by the plastic industry that plastics could cause harm that delayed the study of plastic's environmental effects for decades. Not until Moore et al. (2001) found six times as much plastic as zooplankton by weight in the surface waters of the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG), did plastic environmental pollution begin to receive increasing attention by scientists, policy makers, regulators, and the media, who began referring to the area as “The Great Pacific Garbage Patch”, a term coined by an oceanographer, Curtis Ebbesmeyer (Ebbesmeyer and Scigliano, 2009). Today it is widely acknowledged that vagrant plastic waste is polluting oceans, rivers, soil, food, the water we consume, and even the air we breathe. The invasion of this synthetic waste into organisms is facilitated by the fact that with surface ablation and disintegration mechanisms over time, micro-and nanosized synthetic polymers are created that can be readily assimilated into living organisms. Recent studies reveal that these micro-and nano-scale polymers, which sorb and desorb pollutants, can pass through the intestinal wall and from the lungs to the circulatory system and in contact with human cells produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are implicated in many pathologies (Schirinzi et al., 2017). As primarily a marine scientist, I focus on the threats to marine ecosystems, but the topic of plastic pollution has grown to global proportions affecting not only the biosphere, but geological formations as well. Here I present a summary of the work done to date to understand our situation and discuss briefly the future of plastic pollution.
Effects of igneous bodies on modification of modern slope morphology: Insights from the continental slope offshore Dongsha Islands, South China Sea

A statistical analysis for the morphological parameters extracted from numerous seismic profiles, and a highresolution seismic study of the southeastern slope of the Dongsha Islands (South China Sea) with water depth between approximately 500 and 3 100 m, has revealed the variation of morphological features due to the intrusion of igneous bodies and associated sedimentary processes. Three types of the continental slope are distinguished: (1) a rough and steep slope with multiple igneous bodies (Type 1), (2) a relatively smooth and gentle slope with the single igneous body (Type 2), and (3) a smooth and gentle slope without igneous bodies (Type 3). These igneous bodies, formed in the post-seafloor spreading of the South China Sea, are often characterized by high positive seismic amplitudes, and chaotic reflections with complex shapes. The igneous bodies in Type 1 separated the slope into two or more upper sub-sags and a lower main-sag, in which the sub-sags and main-sag could be filled with sediments transported by alongslope bottom currents at the same time. Whereas, the igneous body in Type 2 just separated the slope into an upper sub-sag and a lower main-sag, in which the sediments could be transported into the lower main-sag only after the upper sub-sag has been filled up. Type 3 represents a normal slope with common clinoform progradation. The modern slope morphologies in the study area are the results of adjustments of the continental slope due to the intrusion of igneous bodies and associated sedimentary processes. The distinctions among three types of modern slope morphologies indicate different depositional conditions and adjustments of slope morphologies.
Upper ocean high resolution regional modeling of the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal

In this paper, effort is made to demonstrate the quality of high-resolution regional ocean circulation model in realistically simulating the circulation and variability properties of the northern Indian Ocean (10°S-25°N, 45°-100°E) covering the Arabian Sea (AS) and Bay of Bengal (BoB). The model run using the open boundary conditions is carried out at 10 km horizontal resolution and highest vertical resolution of 2 m in the upper ocean. The surface and sub-surface structure of hydrographic variables (temperature and salinity) and currents is compared against the observations during 1998-2014 (17 years). In particular, the seasonal variability of the sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity, and surface currents over the model domain is studied. The highresolution model's ability in correct estimation of the spatio-temporal mixed layer depth (MLD) variability of the AS and BoB is also shown. The lowest MLD values are observed during spring (March-April-May) and highest during winter (December-January-February) seasons. The maximum MLD in the AS (BoB) during December to February reaches 150 m (67 m). On the other hand, the minimum MLD in these regions during March-April-May becomes as low as 11-12 m. The influence of wind stress, net heat flux and freshwater flux on the seasonal variability of the MLD is discussed. The physical processes controlling the seasonal cycle of sea surface temperature are investigated by carrying out mixed layer heat budget analysis. It is found that air-sea fluxes play a dominant role in the seasonal evolution of sea surface temperature of the northern Indian Ocean and the contribution of horizontal advection, vertical entrainment and diffusion processes is small. The upper ocean zonal and meridional volume transport across different sections in the AS and BoB is also computed. The seasonal variability of the transports is studied in the context of monsoonal currents.
FCC coprocessing oil sands heavy gas oil and canola oil. 3. Some cracking characteristics

Coprocessing of bitumen-derived feeds and biomass through a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) route has the potential to assist in the reduction of fuel and petroleum product carbon footprints while meeting government regulatory requirements on renewable transportation fuels. This approach is desirable because green house gas (GHG) emissions for producing renewable biofuels are significantly lower than those for fossil fuels, and coprocessing can be executed using existing refining infrastructure to save capital cost. The present study investigates the specific FCC performances of pure heavy gas oil (HGO) derived from oil sands synthetic crude, and a mixture of 15 v %canola oil in HGO using a commercial equilibrium catalyst under typical FCC conditions. Cracking experiments were performed using a bench-scale Advanced Cracking Evaluation (ACE) unit at fixed weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) of 8 h~(-1), 490–530 ℃, and catalyst/oil ratios of 4–12 g/g. This work focuses on some cracking phenomena resulting from the presence of oxygen in the blendda lower heat requirement for cracking due to the exothermic water formation, which also entails lower hydrogen yield at a given severity. The distribution of feed oxygen in gaseous and liquid products, the mitigation in GHG emissions, and the technological and economical advantages of the coprocessing option are also discussed.
Reliability Evaluation of UHVDC Transmission Systems with a Hierarchical Connection Mode

Compared with the typical Ultra HVDC (UHVDC) system,the inverters of the UHVDC system with a hierarchical connection mode (UHVDC-HCM),connect two receiving-end systems with different operational conditions.This requires the corresponding conversion units (CUs) at the different terminals to be differentiated in reliability modeling,and the spares should also be separately set.A reliability model of the UHVDCHCM system is proposed in this paper.The operating modes are classified by the capacities of the total system and the transmission powers to the two receiving-ends.Considering the independent spares of the components of the CUs at different terminals,the state space is derived.Two sets of indices are newly proposed to more accurately evaluate the system reliability.Based on the matrix description of the frequency & duration (F&D) method,the sensitivities of the reliability indices to the reliability parameters of the components are quantified.Numerical results validate the feasibility of the proposed model.The vulnerabilities are recognized by the sensitivity analysis,and the impact of different spare schemes on the reliability indices and sensitivities are compared.The proposed model and indices provide a reference for the practical UHVDC-HCM projects.
High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) Transmission:Future Expectation for Pakistan

An HVDC transmission system for bulk power transfer over longer distance offers numerous advantages over an alternating current (AC) transmission system,such as direct integration of networks operating at different frequencies,comparatively low line losses on account of constant current and absence of reactance.This paper presents details about HVDC power transmission systems and power converter technologies.Issues concerning integration of electrical power generated by alternate sources (i.e.,wind,onshore and offshore) into the national grid of Pakistan using HVDC technology are also discussed.Research studies revealed that the energy crisis of countries like Pakistan can be mitigated to a larger extent with the use of HVDC transmission systems.