mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Double optomechanical transparency with direct mechanical interaction

We present a mechanism for double transparency in an optomechanical system. This mechanism is based on the coupling of a moving cavity mirror to a second mechanical oscillator. Due to the purely mechanical coupling and the radiation pressure, three pathways are established for excitations of the probe photons into the cavity photons. Destructive interference occurs at two different frequencies, leading to double transparency to the probe field. It is the coupling strength between the mechanical oscillators that determines the locations of the transparency windows. Moreover, the normal splitting appears for the generated Stokes field and the four-wave mixing process is inhibited on resonance.
A novel phase-sensitive scanning near-field optical microscope

Phase is one of the most important parameters of electromagnetic waves. It is the phase distribution that determines the propagation, reflection, refraction, focusing, divergence, and coupling features of light, and further affects the intensity distribution. In recent years, the designs of surface plasmon polariton (SPP) devices have mostly been based on the phase modulation and manipulation. Here we demonstrate a phase sensitive multi-parameter heterodyne scanning near-field optical microscope (SNOM) with an aperture probe in the visible range, with which the near field optical phase and amplitude distributions can be simultaneously obtained. A novel architecture combining a spatial optical path and a fiber optical path is employed for stability and flexibility. Two kinds of typical nano-photonic devices are tested with the system. With the phase-sensitive SNOM, the phase and amplitude distributions of any nano-optical field and localized field generated with any SPP nano-structures and irregular phase modulation surfaces can be investigated. The phase distribution and the interference pattern will help us to gain a better understanding of how light interacts with SPP structures and how SPP waves generate, localize, convert, and propagate on an SPP surface. This will be a significant guidance on SPP nano-structure design and optimization.
Precision measurement with atom interferometry

Development of atom interferometry and its application in precision measurement are reviewed in this paper. The principle, features and the implementation of atom interferometers are introduced, the recent progress of precision measurement with atom interferometry, including determination of gravitational constant and fine structure constant, measurement of gravity, gravity gradient and rotation, test of weak equivalence principle, proposal of gravitational wave detection, and measurement of quadratic Zeeman shift are reviewed in detail. Determination of gravitational redshift, new definition of kilogram, and measurement of weak force with atom interferometry are also briefly introduced.
Acupuncture and vitamin B_(12) injection for Bell’s palsy:no high-quality evidence exists

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of acupuncture combined with vitamin B_(12) acupoint injection versus acupuncture alone to reduce incomplete recovery in patients with Bell’s palsy. DATA RETRIEVAL: A computer-based online retrieval of Medline, Web of Science, CNKI, CBM databases until April 2014 was performed for relevant trials, using the key words “Bell’s palsy or idiopathic facial palsy or facial palsy” and “acupuncture or vitamin B_(12) or methylcobalamin”. STUDY SELECTION: All randomized controlled trials that compared acupuncture with acupuncture combined with vitamin B_(12) in patients with Bell’s palsy were included in the meta- analysis. The initial treatment lasted for at least 4 weeks. The outcomes of incomplete facial recovery were monitored. The scoring index varied and the definition of healing was consistent. The combined effect size was calculated by using relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) using the fixed effect model of Review Manager. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Incomplete recovery rates were chosen as the primary outcome. RESULTS: Five studies involving 344 patients were included in the final analysis. Results showed that the incomplete recovery rate of Bell’s palsy patients was 44.50% in the acupuncture combined with vitamin B_(12) group but 62.57% in the acupuncture alone group. The major acupoints were Taiyang (EX-HN5), Jiache (ST6), Dicang (ST4) and Sibai (ST2). The combined effect size showed that acupuncture combined with vitamin B_(12) was better than acupuncture alone for the treatment of Bell’s palsy (RR = 0.71, 95%CI: 0.58–0.87; P = 0.001), this result held true when 8 patients lost to follow up in one study were included into the analyses (RR = 0.70, 95%CI: 0.58–0.86; P = 0.0005). In the subgroup analyses, the therapeutic effect in patients of the electroacupuncture subgroup was better than in the non-electroacupuncture subgroup (P = 0.024). There was no significant difference in the incomplete recovery rate by subgroup analysis on drug types and treatment period. Most of the included studies were moderate or low quality, and bias existed. CONCLUSION: In patients with Bell’s palsy, acupuncture combined with vitamin B_(12) can reduce the risk of incomplete recovery compared with acupuncture alone in our meta-analysis. Because of study bias and methodological limitations, this conclusion is uncertain and the clinical application of acupuncture combined with vitamin B_(12) requires further exploration.
Recovery of a degenerated corticospinal tract after injury in a patient with intracerebral hemorrhage: confirmed by diffusion tensor tractography imaging

The corticospinal tract (CST) is a major neuronal tract of motor function in the human brain (York, 1987; Davidoff, 1990; Jang, 2014). Recovery of an injured CST is one of the motor recovery mechanisms in stroke patients (Hendricks et al., 2003; Jang et al., 2006, 2007; Swayne et al., 2008; Kwon et al., 2011, 2013; Kwon and Jang, 2012; Yeo and Jang, 2013; Rong et al., 2014). Diffusion tensor tractography (DTT), derived from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) have been widely used in demonstrating the recovery of an injured CST (Hendricks et al., 2003; Jang et al., 2006, 2007; Swayne et al., 2008; Pannek et al., 2009; Kwon et al., 2011, 2013; Kwon and Jang, 2012; Yeo and Jang, 2013; Rong et al., 2014). DTT has the advantage of enabling visualization of the architecture and integrity of the CST at the subcortical level in three dimensions (Mori et al., 1999; Kunimatsu et al., 2004). TMS has a unique advantage in that it can be used to evaluate change of the CST by analysis of the characteristics of the motor-evoked potential (MEP) (Rossini et al., 1994). The advantages of each method for evaluating the recovery of an injured CST allow more accurate estimation when they are employed concomitantly (Rossini et al., 1994; Kunimatsu et al., 2004; Jang, 2009). Many studies have demonstrated the recovery of an injured CST using DTT and TMS (Hendricks et al., 2003; Jang et al., 2006, 2007; Swayne et al., 2008; Pannek et al., 2009; Kwon et al., 2011; Kwon and Jang, 2012; Yang et al.,2008; Yeo and Jang, 2013; Rong et al., 2014). However, little is known about the recovery of a degenerated CST after injury in stroke patients (Jung, 2012).
The p75 neurotrophin receptor:at the crossroad of neural repair and death

The strong repair and pro-survival functions of neurotrophins at their primary receptors, TrkA, TrkB and TrkC, have made them attractive candidates for treatment of nervous system injury and disease. However, difficulties with the clinical implementation of neurotrophin therapies have prompted the search for treatments that are stable, easier to deliver and allow more precise regulation of neurotrophin actions. Recently, the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75~(NTR)) has emerged as a potential target for pharmacological control of neurotrophin activity, supported in part by studies demonstrating 1) regulation of neural plasticity in the mature nervous system, 2) promotion of adult neurogenesis and 3) increased expression in neurons, macrophages, microglia, astrocytes and/or Schwann cells in response to injury and neurodegenerative diseases. Although the receptor has no intrinsic catalytic activity it interacts with and modulates the function of TrkA, TrkB, and TrkC, as well as sortilin and the Nogo receptor. This provides substantial cellular and molecular diversity for regulation of neuron survival, neurogenesis, immune responses and processes that support neural function. Upregulation of the p75~(NTR) under pathological conditions places the receptor in a key position to control numerous processes necessary for nervous system recovery. Support for this possibility has come from recent studies showing that small, non-peptide p75~(NTR) ligands can selectively modify pro-survival and repair functions. While a great deal remains to be discovered about the wide ranging functions of the p75~(NTR), studies summarized in this review highlight the immense potential for development of novel neuroprotective and neurorestorative therapies.
Lesson from the neuromuscular junction:role of pattern and timing of nerve activity in synaptic development

The anatomical plan of adult muscle innervation is relatively simple: a given muscle comprises several motor units, each constituted by one motor neuron and the muscle fibers that it innervates; moreover, every muscle fiber is innervated by only one axonal terminal. In other words, motor units have separate, although intermingled, territories of innervation (Figure 1D). In striking contrast, the anatomical organization is different at birth, when every muscle fiber is innervated by several nerve terminals belonging to different motor neurons, a condition known as “polyneuronal innervation”, with the consequence that motor units have larger and overlapped territories of innervation (Figure 1A) (Tapia and Lichtman, 2012). Soon after birth, redundant nerve terminals are progressively eliminated in a couple of weeks in rodents, and muscle fibers acquire their mature mononeuronal innervation. The same process occurs again in the adult muscle during reinnervation after nerve damage, when a transient period of polyneuronal innervation involves a good fraction of the fibers (Rich and Lichtman, 1989; Favero et al., 2010). At present, two major functional aspects of synapse elimination have been determined: 1) it is based on a competitive process between the multiple nerve terminals; 2) it is governed by neuromuscular electric activity, in particular by the relative pattern of action potentials between axon terminals competing for the same junction, which is the focus of the present article. The best evidence for competition is that the elimination process invariably brings to single axonal innervation and that no neuromuscular junction (NMJ) ever remains denervated, not even transiently before being eventually reinnervated by collateral sprouting.
Siltuximab对伴有贫血的中低危MDS患者的疗效及安全性分析

大部分中低危骨髓增生异常综合征(myelodysplastic syndrome,MDS)患者以贫血为主要症状,且伴有输血依赖,而此类患者常伴发铁过载且生存期较短。目前研究发现,MDS患者的白介素6(IL-6)水平明显高于健康人群或其他骨髓衰竭性疾病,且体外实验证明它能促进原始细胞增长、介导MDS疾病进展。
识别受体与细胞因子基因的多态性在真菌感染中的意义

真菌感染的发生是由多种因素决定的,致病真菌的种属、宿主的基础疾病、治疗方法、抵抗真菌的免疫功能等,都会影响真菌的易感性。随着人类基因组计划的完成以及分子遗传学技术的发展,人们开始从基因的角度研究真菌感染的易感性,促进了真菌感染诊断技术的发展,增强了治疗的及时性与针对性。
电针内关对心肌缺血大鼠心肌保护作用的实验研究

目的观察电针内关穴对心肌已知钠离子通道相关蛋白- 钠钙交换体(Na~+ /Ca~(2+)exchanger,NCX)和电压- 门控钠离子通道(voltage - gated sodium channel)alpha(a)亚单位(Nav1.1-Navl. 6)中Nav1.5表达的调控作用,探讨电针内关穴对缺血性心肌的保护机制,进一步阐明经穴效应循经特异性在心脏器官水平的钠离子通道的响应模式及特征。方法60只SPF级雄性大鼠随机分成5组,采用异丙肾上腺素制作心肌缺血模型,各组经电针刺激后,应用Western - blot检测NCX、Nav1.5蛋白表达水平。结果内关组显著上调Nav1.5蛋白表达,下调NCX蛋白表达水平,且与其他治疗各组差异显著(均P <0.01)。结论电针内关可能通过下调NCX、上调Nav1.5的蛋白表达水平实现对钙超载的调节,进而改善心肌缺血状态,为经穴效应循经特异性理论提供有力的实验基础。
五腧穴补泻配合运动疗法对腰椎间盘突出症的疗效分析

目的观察五腧穴补泻配合运动疗法对腰椎间盘突出症的疗效影响。方法选择60例腰椎间盘突出症患者,随机分为两组(各组30例); 对照组采用卧床休息、推拿、红外线照射、电针、中药薰药治疗,口服氯唑沙宗片、甲钴胺片,观察组在对照组基础上增加五腧穴补泻、运动疗法; 记录改良JOA评分、疼痛VAS评分、疗程、疗效情况,并运用SPSS19.0系统分析。结果常规治疗的基础上增加五腧穴补泻、运动疗法,能较快改善症状、缩短疗程、疗效显著。结论五腧穴补泻配合运动疗法能较快改善腰椎间盘突出症患者生活质量,值得临床推广。
南梁油田油井腐蚀原因分析与防护措施

通过对油井采出水的水型水质、腐蚀产物与形貌、腐蚀速率仿真计算以及油井作业现场实际腐蚀情况的综合分析,认为南梁油田油井腐蚀的主要原因是H_2S和CO_2共同作用引起的局部腐蚀,同时含水率上升使得Cl~-、SRB菌等的数量大幅增加,矿化度高,偏磨严重,电化学反应强烈,加剧了油井腐蚀。以油套环空投加化学药剂为主的防腐工艺,井筒腐蚀得到有效控制,为同类油田的现场应用提供一定的参考。
Phosphatase and Tensin Homologue Genetic Polymorphisms and their Interactions with Viral Mutations on the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Background: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the major cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Some HBV mutants and dysregulation of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) may promote the development of HCC synergistically. We aimed to test the effects of PTEN genetic polymorphisms and their interactions with important HBV mutations on the development of HCC in HBV-infected subjects. Methods: Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was applied to genotype PTEN polymorphisms (rs 1234220, rs2299939, rs 1234213) in 1012 healthy controls, 302 natural clearance subjects, and 2011 chronic HBV-infected subjects including 1021 HCC patients. HBV mutations were determined by sequencing. The associations of PTEN polymorphisms and their interactions with HBV mutations with HCC risk were assessed using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: Rs 1234220 C allele was significantly associated with HCC risk compared to healthy controls (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.07-1.69) and HCC-free HBV-infected subjects (AOR = 1.27, 95% CI= 1.01-1.57). rs 1234220 C allele was significantly associated with increased frequencies of HCC-risk A1652G, C1673T, and C1730G mutations in genotype B HBV-infected subjects. Rs2299939 GT genotype was inversely associated with HCC risk in HBV-infected patients (AOR = 0.75,95% CI= 0.62-0.92). The interaction of rs2299939 variant genotypes (GT+TT) with A3054T mutation significantly increased HCC risk (AOR = 2.41, 95% CI= 1.08-5.35); whereas its interaction with C3116T mutation significantly reduced HCC risk (AOR = 0.34, 95% CI= 0.18-0.66). These significant effects were only evident in males after stratification. Conclusions: PTEN polymorphisms and their interactions with HBV mutations may contribute to hepatocarcinogenesis in males. The host-virus interactions are important in identifying HBV-infected subjects who are more likely to develop HCC.
CDX2 Inhibits Invasion and Migration of Gastric Cancer Cells by Phosphatase and Tensin Homologue Deleted from Chromosome 10/Akt Signaling Pathway

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies in the world today, with a high mortality rate. CDX2 is a Drosophila caudal-related homeobox transcription factor that plays an important role in GC. Phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted from chromosome 10 (PTEN) is an important tumor suppressor which is widely expressed in normal human tissues. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship and mechanism between CDX2 and PTEN in invasion and migration of GC cells. Methods: pcDNA3-CDX2 plasmids were transfected into MGC-803 cells to up-regulate CDX2 protein, and small interfering RNA-CDX2 was transfected to down-regulate CDX2. The influence of CDX2 or PTEN on cell migration and invasion was measured by invasion, migration and wound healing assays. Western blotting assay and immunofluorescence were used to detect the expression of CDX2, PTEN, phosphorylation of Akt, E-cadherin and N-cadherin. Statistical significance was determined by one-way analysis of variance. Results: The results showed that CDX2 reduced the migration and invasion of GC cells (P < 0.05), and inhibited the activity of Akt through down-regulating PTEN expression (P < 0.05). CDX2 also restrained epithelial-mesenchymal transition of GC cells. Conclusions: CDX2 inhibited invasion and migration of GC cells by PTEN/Akt signaling pathway, and that may be used for potential therapeutic target.
董氏奇穴配合骨盆调整治疗顽固性跟痛症21例

顽固性跟痛症是指由多种原因引起的跟腱及其附着处和足跟部的疼痛症状,经传统针灸、封闭等治疗效果欠佳,仍有足跟痛。临床中发现跟痛症的患者往往有双下肢假性不等长,笔者在临床上采用董氏奇穴配合骨盆调整治疗顽固性跟痛症,现报道如下。
Initial Rifting Process and Dynamics Mechanism of Huaguang Sag: Evidence from a Numerical Modeling Method

Huaguang Sag is located in the deep seawater area of Qiongdongnan Basin, and its tectonic position belongs to the intersection of NE-trending, SN-trending and NW-trending tectonic systems in the continental margin of the Northwest South China Sea. To investigate the initial rifting process and further more the dynamics mechanism of Huaguang Sag, this paper sets up the structure model of basement which mainly makes up with several depression-controlling faults, and simulates the initial rifting process of Huaguang Sag by the FLAC software. The simulation results show that only affected by the S-N trending extensional stress, the rifting center appears in northern boundary basement faults (two NEE-trending and NWW-trending faults) of Huaguang Sag while does not take place at the NNE-trending and NE-trending basement fault zone in the middle sag, and doesn't match the current pattern that the basement fault plays a main role in controlling the sediment. In the other case, affected by the S-N trending and E-W trending extensional stress at the same time, the areas of the northern boundary faults zone and internal NNE-trending basement faults zone come to be rifting center quickly, the sedimentary is controlled by the main basement faults to different degrees, and is consistent with the tectonic-sedimentary framework of Huaguang Sag which obtained by the data of geophysical interpretation. In combination with the analysis of regional tectonic background, the paper proposes that two remote tectonic effects occurred by the collision of India-Eurasian Plate: One remote effect was the rotational extrusion of IndoChina Block, which led to form a series of NE-trending and NNE-trending basement faults, as well as the E-W trending tensile stress field in Huaguang Sag. The other remote effect was that the deep mantle material of South China Block flowed southward, which resulted in the S-N trending extensional rifting of the lithosphere in northern South China Sea, and finally formed a series of EW-trending and NEE-trending basement faults and the S-N trending tensile stress field in Huaguang Sag. Affected by the above tensile stress fields and the basement faults, the initial rifting occurred in E-W and nearly S-N directions along the pre-existed basement faults (the weak structural zones) in Huaguang Sag.
Exploration behaviour and behavioural flexibility in orb-web spiders: A review

Orb-web spiders and their webs constitute an ideal model system in which to study behavioural flexibility and spatial cognition in invertebrates due to the easily quantifiable nature of the orb web. A large number of studies demonstrate how spiders are able to modify the geometry of their webs in response to a range of different conditions including the ability to adapt their webs to spatial constraints. However, the mechanisms behind this impressive web-building flexibility in these cognitively limited animals remain poorly explored. One possible mechanism though may be spatial learning during the spiders' exploration of their immediate surroundings. This review discusses the importance of exploration behaviour, the reliance on simple behavioural rules, and the use of already laid threads as guidelines for web-building in orb-web spiders. The focus is on the spiders' ability to detect and adapt their webs to space limitations and other spatial disruptions. I will also review the few published studies on how spatial information is gathered during the exploration phase and discuss the possibility of the use of 'cognitive map'-like processes in spiders. Finally, the review provides suggestions for designing experimental studies to shed light on whether spiders gather metric information during the site exploration (cognitive map hypothesis) or rely on more simple binary information in combination with previously laid threads to build their webs (stigmergy hypothesis).
Self-deception can evolve under appropriate costs

Apparent biases in decision making by animals, including humans, seem to present an evolutionary puzzle, since one would expect decisions based on biased (unrealistic) information to be suboptimal. Although cognitive biases are hard to diagnose in real animals (Marshall et al., 2013b), we investigate Trivers' proposal that individuals should self-deceive first in order to better deceive others (Trivers, 2011). Although this proposal has been scrutinized extensively (Bandura et al., 2011) it has not been formally modelled. We present the first model designed to investigate Trivers' proposal. We introduce an extension to a recent model of the evolution of self-deception (Johnson and Fowler, 2011). In the extended model individuals make decisions by taking directly into account the benefits and costs of each outcome and by choosing the course of action that can be estimated as the best with the information available. It is shown that in certain circumstances self-deceiving decision-makers are the most evolutionarily successful, even when there is no deception between these. In a further extension of this model individuals additionally exhibit deception biases and Trivers' premise (that effective deception is less physiologically costly with the aid of self-deception) is incorporated. It is shown that under Trivers' hypothesis natural selection favors individuals that self-deceive as they deceive others.
Phonon contribution to nonionizing energy loss in silicon detectors

Nonionizing energy loss (NIEL) has been applied to a number of studies concerning displacement damage effects in materials and devices. However, most studies consider only the contribution of displacement damage effects, neglecting the contribution from phonons. In this paper, a NIEL model, which considers the contribution of phonons, has been established using the Monte Carlo code SRIM. The maximum endurable fluence for silicon detectors has been estimated using the equivalent irradiation fluence compared with experimental data for the incident particles. NIEL is proportional to the equivalent irradiation fluence that the detector has received.
Aging of LAB-based liquid scintillator in stainless steel containers

Types 316 and 304 stainless steel are two candidates for the storage vessels and piping systems of LAB-based liquid scintillator (LS) in the JUNO experiment. LS aging experiments are carried out at temperatures of 40 ℃and 25 ℃. After 192 days aging at 40 ℃, the attenuation length of LS was reduced by 6% in a glass container, 12% in a type 304 stainless steel tank, and 10% in a type 316 stainless steel tank. At 25 ℃ in 304 and 316 stainless steel tanks, the attenuation length was reduced by 6% after 307 days. The light yield and the absorption spectrum were practically the same as that of the unaged sample. The concentration of element Fe in the LAB-based LS did not show a clear change. Type 316 and 304 stainless steel can be used as vessels and transportation pipeline material for LAB-based LS.
A new model for calculating the binding energy of the lithium nucleus under the generalized Yukawa potential and Hellmann potential

In this paper, the Schrodinger equation for a 6-body system is studied. We solve this equation for the lithium nucleus by using a supersymmetry method with several specific potentials. These potentials are the Yukawa potential, the generalized Yukawa potential and the Hellmann potential. The results of our model for all calculations show that the ground state binding energy of the lithium nucleus with these potentials is very close to that obtained experimentally.