mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
High-Frequency Sequence Stratigraphy and Fine-Scale Reservoir Characterization of the Devonian Sandstone,Donghe Formation,North Uplift of the Tarim Basin

The Devonian Donghe Sandstone complex in North Uplift of the Tarim Basin comprises of a series of diachronous sandy intervals deposited from the Late Devonian to Early Mississippian.They are constrained by a Late Devonian to Early Pennsylvanian 2nd-order supersequence and can be subdivided into five 3rd-order sequences,namely,S1,S2,S3,S4,and S5,from the oldest to youngest.Cores from four wells,40 wireline logs,410 thin sections,and porosity and permeability data from 639 spots from four wells were used to study the sediment provenance,build up the sequence-stratigraphic model of S5,and characterize the reservoirs at a feet scale.Detrital modes of sandstone from point counting indicate that Donghe Sandstone is directly sourced from recycled orogeny.The low content of feldspar and volcanic rock fragments suggests that Donghe Sandstone is recycled from sediment with a cratonic ultimate source.1D and 2D chronostratigraphic correlation shows that at least 12 4th-order highfrequency sequences (HFSs),from the oldest HFS1 to the youngest HFS12,can be recognized in S5.Each HFS is characterized by a general trend of shallowing-upward facies assemblage.Sequence boundaries were defined at where regionally correlatable deep-water facies overlaying shallow-water facies.There is a general shallowing-upward trend in the S5 3rd-order sequence,characterized by a systematically increasing proportion of shallow-water facies (foreshore and upper shoreface),and a decreasing proportion of deep facies (offshore transition and lower shoreface).The shallowing-upward trend within both 3rd- and 4th-order sequences is resulted from a combined effect of eustatic sea-level change,tectonic activity,and sediment supply.The sequence-stratigraphic model of Donghe Sandstone S5 is similar to the rift-basin sequence-stratigraphic model.Sweet spots were defined as porosity >15% and permeability >100md intervals,and their distribution and lateral continuity were investigated.HFS is one of the primary controls on the distribution of sweet spots distribution and can be used to guide hydrocarbon exploration.
Gas Occurrence and Accumulation Characteristics of Cambrian- Ordovician Shales in the Tarim Basin,Northwest China

The Tarim Basin is located in northwestern China and is the biggest basin in China with huge oil and gas resources.Especially the Lower to Middle Cambrian and Middle to Upper Ordovician possess the major marine source rocks in the Tarim Basin and have large shale gas resource potential.The Cambrian-Ordovician shales were mainly deposited in basin-slope facies with thicknesses between 30-180 m.For shales buried shallower than 4500 m,there is high organic matter abundance with TOC (total organic carbon) mainly between 1.0% and 6.0%,favorable organic matter of Type I and Type II,and high thermal maturity with Ro~E as 1.3%-2.75%.The mineral composition of these Cambrian- Ordovician shale samples is mainly quartz and carbonate minerals while the clay minerals content is mostly lower than 30%,because these samples include siliceous and calcareous shale and marlstone.The Cambrian and Ordovician shales are compacted with mean porosity of 4% and 3%,permeability of 0.0003×10~(–3)-0.09×10~(–3) μm~2 and 0.0002×10~(–3)-0.11×10~(–3) μm~2,and density of 2.30 g/m~3 and 2.55 g/m~3,respectively.The pores in the shale samples show good connectivity and are mainly mesopore in size.Different genetic types of pores can be observed such as intercrystal,intergranular,dissolved,organic matter and shrinkage joint.The reservoir bed properties are controlled by mineral composition and diagenesis.The maximum adsorption amount to methane of these shales is 1.15-7.36 cm3/g,with main affecting factors being organic matter abundance,porosity and thermal maturity.The accumulation characteristics of natural gas within these shales are jointly controlled by sedimentation,diagenesis,hydrocarbon generation conditions,reservoir bed properties and the occurrence process of natural gas.The natural gas underwent short-distance migration and accumulation,in-place accumulation in the early stage,and adjustment and modification in the later stage.Finally,the Yulin (well Y1) and Tazhong (well T1) areas are identified as the targets for shale gas exploration in the Tarim Basin.
内地生源汉族大学生高原习服相关指标跟踪调查

目的:观察进入西藏大学学习一年的内地汉族学生在高原低氧环境下的肺活量、血氧饱和度、心率、血压等生理指标,为促进高原习服提供参考数据。方法:于2016年10月15日至11月30日检测入藏1年后的西藏大学2015级的121名汉族学生血压、肺功能、心率、血氧饱和度等相关生理指标,以同年入学的147名世居藏族学生作为对照;同时于2017年10月15日至11月30日再次检测汉族学生寒假回内地返藏后的上述生理指标。结果:与藏族学生相比,在西藏学习一年的内地汉族学生的肺活量、血氧饱和度等生理指标无显著差异,但血压和心率明显升高(P<0.05);汉族学生在寒假期间回内地返藏后用力肺活量(FVC)和血压较入藏1年后的数据显著增高(P<0.05)。结论:平原汉族学生在高原居住第2年所检测的高原习服相关生理指标肺活量、血氧饱和度等与世居藏族学生无显著差异;然而假期平原生活引起的脱习服使汉族学生再次进入高原后引起FVC和血压的调节性反应。
Influence of metal-contamination on distribution in subcellular fractions of the earthworm (Metaphire californica) from Hunan Province, China

Earthworms have the ability to accumulate of heavy metals, however, there was few studies that addressed the metals in earthworm at subcellular levels in fields. The distributions of metals (Cd, Cu, Zn, and Pb) in subcellular fractions (cytosol, debris, and granules) of earthwormMetaphire californica were investigated. The relationship between soil metals and earthworms were analyzed to explain its high plasticity to inhabit in situ contaminated soil of Hunan Province, south China. The concentration of Cd in subcellular compartments showed the same pattern as Cu in the order of cytosol > debris > granules. The distribution of Zn and Pb in earthworms indicated a similar propensity for different subcellular fractions that ranked as granules > debris > cytosol for Zn, and granules > cytosol > debris for Pb. The internal metal concentrations in earthworms increased with the soil metals (p < 0.05). Significant positive correlations were found between soil Cd and Cd concentrations in cytosol and debris (p < 0.01). Moreover, the soil Pb concentration significantly influenced the Pb concentrations in cytosol and debris (p < 0.01), similar to that of Cd. The soil Cu concentrationswas only associated with the Cu in granules (p < 0.05). Soil Zn concentrations correlated with the Zn concentrations in each subcellular fraction (p < 0.05). Our results provide insights into the variations of metals partitioning in earthworms at subcellular levels and the relationships of soil metals, which could be one of the detoxification strategies to adapt the long-term contaminated environment.
Exposure to air pollutants in Vietnam: Assessing potential risk for tourists

Tourismcan forman important component of a nation's GDP, and Vietnamis among themost visited countries in Southeast Asia. Most studies on personal exposure focus on the general population, or occupational cohorts with exposure to specific pollutants. However, short-term exposure to air pollutants while visiting regions with high levels of air pollution can lead to acute health effects. A personal exposure study was conducted across three cities in Vietnamto estimate exposure to particulate matter (PM2.5) and black carbon for tourists. Measurements were conducted during thewet season in 2014 in Ho ChiMinh City, Da Lat and Nha Trang using portable instrumentation. Average 24-hr PM2.5 and BC exposures were estimated as 18.9 ± 9.24 and 3.41 ± 1.33 μg/m~3 and among the three cities, Ho Chi Minh was found to have the highest PM2.5 concentrations. Environmental tobacco smoke, commuting and street food stands were found to contribute to highest levels of exposure to PM2.5 and BC across all cities.
Oxidation of antimony (III) in soil by manganese (IV) oxide using X-ray absorption fine structure

The oxidation of antimony (III) in soilswas studied using X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectra. An andosol soil sample and artificial soil samples (SiO_2 blended with iron (III) hydroxide and manganese (IV) oxide) were used herein. After adding antimony (III) oxide to all soil samples, the oxidation process was observed by recording the XAFS spectra of Sb K-edge, Fe Kedge, andMn K-edge. The results indicated thatmanganese (IV) oxide played an important role in the oxidation of Sb(III); however iron (III) hydroxide was not directly related to the reaction. During a 2-hr continuous Sb K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) measurement with an interval of 1 min of one of the artificial soil samples (SiO_2 + MnO_2 + Sb_2O_3), a pseudo-first-order reaction was determined with an average estimated rate of 0.52 ± 0.04 hr~(-1). Compared to the lower oxidation rate of andosol, it is suggested that because of the low concentration of Mn(IV) in natural soils, the oxidation process of Sb(III)might be relatively slow and require more time to convert Sb(III) to Sb(V).
The relationship between water level change and river channel geometry adjustment in the downstream of the Three Gorges Dam

In this study,data measured from 1955-2016 were analysed to study the relationship between the water level and river channel geometry adjustment in the downstream of the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) after the impoundment of the dam.The results highlight the following facts:(1) for the same flow,the low water level decreased,flood water level changed little,lowest water level increased,and highest water level decreased at the hydrological stations in the downstream of the dam;(2) the distribution of erosion and deposition along the river channel changed from “erosion at channels and deposition at bankfulls” to “erosion at both channels and bankfulls;” the ratio of low-water channel erosion to bankfull channel erosion was 95.5% from October 2002 to October 2015,with variations between different impoundment stages;(3) the low water level decrease slowed down during the channel erosion in the Upper Jingjiang reach and reaches upstream but sped up in the Lower Jingjiang reach and reaches downstream;measures should be taken to prevent the decrease in the channel water level;(4) erosion was the basis for channel dimension upscaling in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River;the low water level decrease was smaller than the thalweg decline;both channel water depth and width increased under the combined effects of channel and waterway regulations;and (5) the geometry of the channels above bankfulls did not significantly change;however,the comprehensive channel resistance increased under the combined effects of riverbed coarsening,beach vegetation,and human activities;as a result,the flood water level increased markedly and moderate flood to high water level phenomena occurred,which should be considered.The Three Gorges Reservoir effectively enhances the flood defense capacity of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River;however,the superposition effect of tributary floods cannot be ruled out.
The progress of human geography in China under the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China

This paper analyzes the role of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) in advancing human geography in China by focusing on five key research areas:land use,urban systems and urban agglomeration,economic globalization,climate change and social and cultural geographies.All NSFC-funded human geography programs related to these five topics from 1986 to 2017 comprise the sample for analysis,and the research topics,content,teams,and peer-reviewed journal publications supported by these programs are investigated.Specifically,this paper analyzes the NSFC's promotion of the expansion of research topics in response to national developmental needs and the shifting frontiers of human geography research internationally,its enhancement of interdisciplinary research,and its contributions to the assembly of specialized research teams.The paper also reports important progress in Chinese human geography over the past 30 years through the institutional lens of the NSFC,revealing major characteristics and trends in the discipline.The paper concludes by calling for further collaboration between the research community and the NSFC for the development of a locally suitable and globally influential Chinese human geography.
Thermocapillary migration mechanism of molten silicon droplets on horizontal solid surfaces

Effective lubrication under extreme conditions such as high temperature is of considerable importance to ensure the reliability of a mechanical system. New lubricants that can endure high temperatures should be studied and employed as alternatives to traditional oil-based lubricant. In this paper, a thermocapillary model of a silicone-oil droplet is developed by solving the Navier-Stokes and energy equations to obtain the flow, pressure, and temperature fields. This is accomplished using a conservative microfluidic two-phase flow level set method designed to track the interface between two immiscible fluids. The numerical simulation accuracy is examined by comparing the numerical results with experimental results obtained for a silicone-oil droplet. Hence, the movement and deformation of molten silicon droplets on graphite and corundum are numerically simulated. The results show that a temperature gradient causes a tension gradient on the droplet surface, which in turn creates a thermocapillary vortex. As the vortex develops, the droplet migrates to the low-temperature zone. In the initial stage, the molten silicon droplet on the corundum substrate forms two opposite vortex cells, whereas two pairs of opposite vortices are formed in the silicone fluid on the graphite substrate. Multiple vortex cells gradually develop into a single vortex cell, and the migration velocity tends to be stable. The greater the basal temperature gradient, the stronger the internal thermocapillary convection of the molten silicon droplet has, which yields higher speeds.
Physiological changes of submerged macrophytes in response to a floating filamentous green algae bloom in clear-water conditions

The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological responses of a submerged macrophyte to a floating filamentous green algal bloom in clear-water conditions. Elodea nuttallii was grown with floating Cladophora sp. at four different levels (0, control; 140, 280, 560 g FW/m~2 ) in an outdoor experimental system, and its photosynthetic and antioxidant systems were evaluated. The presence of floating Cladophora sp. significantly changed the water environment by decreasing light intensity and increasing dissolved oxygen and the pH value. The photosynthetic parameters of E. nuttallii (e.g. ∆F / F_m ', F_v / F_m, total chlorophyll) were higher in the presence of floating Cladophora sp. than in the control at the beginning of experiment. Because of the increasing dissolved oxygen concentration and pH value, the values of these indicators decreased (except for photosynthetic pigments) during the experiment. Compared with E. nuttallii in the control, E. nuttallii growing in the presence of floating Cladophora sp. showed higher malondialdehyde content, catalase activity, and peroxidase activity. The biomass of E. nuttallii was decreased by about 30% in the presence of high biomasses of floating Cladophora sp. (280 and 560 g FW/m~2 ). These results suggest that floating Cladophora had complex effects on the biomass of E. nuttallii and that changes in water quality resulting from floating Cladophora sp. may be more important than its direct shading effect.
A study on sublabial transsphenoidal treatment of pituitary tumor under microscope with aid of endoscope

Background: A pituitary tumor is a tumor with a high incidence among brain tumors. Microscopic traditional STT approach with aid of endoscope has a high therapeutic effect and few complications. Methods: The authors reviewed 146 patients who underwent STT resection of sellar masses between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2013. From this group, 40 patients who underwent microscopic STT surgery with aid of endoscope were included in the study. In this series, there were many nonfunctional and Growth Hormone(GH) secreting adenoma. In the study group, tumor size ranged from 60 to 79 mm in 3 cases. Pathophysiological studies, tumor sizes, clinical outcomes, extent of resection, visual function and complication were estimated. Results: In our study, gross-total resection(GTR) was achieved in 33 patients (82.5%), subtotal in 3 (7.5%), and partial in 4 (10%). Visual acuity were improved in 82.1%, while 17.9% were unchanged. Visual fields were improved in 81.2%. No deaths occurred in this cohort of patients. Conclusions: Pituitary adenoma surgery under microscope with aid of endoscope is an effective treatment method, which results in high (> 90%) rates of resection. It is not associated with high rates of major complications and is safe when performed by experienced surgeons.
Effect of irrigation regime on grain yield, water productivity, and methane emissions in dry direct-seeded rice grown in raised beds with wheat straw incorporation

Dry direct-seeded rice grown in raised beds is becoming an important practice in the wheat- rice rotation system in China. However, little information has been available on the effect of various irrigation regimes on grain yield, water productivity (WP), nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), and greenhouse gas emission in this practice. This study investigated the question using two rice cultivars in 2015 and 2016 grown in soil with wheat straw incorporated into it. Rice seeds were directly seeded into raised beds, which were maintained under aerobic conditions during the early seedling period. Three irrigation regimes: continuous flooding (CF), alternate wetting and drying (AWD), and furrow irrigation (FI), were applied from 4.5- leaf-stage to maturity. Compared with CF, both AWD and FI significantly increased grain yield, WP, and internal NUE, with greater increases under the FI regime. The two cultivars showed the same tendency in both years. Both AWD and FI markedly increased soil redox potential, root and shoot biomass, root oxidation activity, leaf photosynthetic NUE, and harvest index and markedly decreased global warming potential, owing to substantial reduction in seasonal CH4 emissions. The results demonstrate that adoption of either AWD or FI could increase grain yield and resource-use efficiency and reduce environmental risks in dry direct-seeded rice grown on raised beds with wheat straw incorporation in the wheat-rice rotation system.
雷公藤药理作用及治疗免疫性皮肤病研究进展

雷公藤,又名黄藤根、断肠草等,系卫矛科雷公藤植物,为中国传统中药。具有祛风除湿、通络止痛、活血消肿之效。既善治风湿顽痹之疼痛拘挛,又善治疔疮肿毒、腰带疮、麻风及顽癣瘙痒等。雷公藤在临床上多用于治疗免疫相关皮肤病,并在国际上得到越来越多的重视及认可,雷公藤不仅受到国内学者的关注,也引起了国外诸多临床及科研工作者的广泛研究。
某核电厂循环水系统虹吸井模型试验研究

通过对某核电厂循环水系统虹吸井水力模型试验,分析研究在排水流量、潮位和堰顶标高变化时对排水虹吸井的水力特性、水力要素的影响程度,以及在不同方案时溢流堰、虹吸井内堰后流道型式的水力特性与水头损失。结果表明该虹吸井溢流堰堰顶高程为-1 m时可以满足不同工况下泄流要求,流速分布较均匀;高程为-0.5 m时虹吸井溢流堰上下游水位差较大,水流紊动激烈;高程为-1.5 m时平均低潮位下虹吸井泄流为淹没出流,不利于虹吸井泄流。对于虹吸井溢流堰堰顶高程为-1 m的方案,设计基准洪水位DBF(Designed basis flooding)工况下安全排水流量为46.3 m~3/s。
滨海核电厂两种超设计基准外部水淹工况的研究

滨海核电厂的超设计基准外部水淹工况确定十分复杂。地震过后长期遭遇台风天气水淹工况是较为典型的工况之一。通过对几个沿海核电厂设计方案进行分析,并结合工程经验,选取2种典型的“地震+台风天气”组合工况进行计算分析,得出各厂址在这2种工况下的水淹深度,并与福岛事故后改进通用技术要求的超设计基准外部水淹工况的结果进行对比分析。通过研究,确定了2种超设计基准外部水淹工况可作为滨海核电厂外部水淹防护设计的保守校核工况。
Treatment of Skin Reaction Induced by Nivolumab Combined with Radiotherapy in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Case Report

Skin reaction or dermatological toxicities induced by immunotherapy is common. It usually manifests skin rash or erythema and can be cured by skin lotion or steroid. Nivolumab, a human IgG4 programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitor, blocks T cells activation preventing signal and allows the immune system to clear cancer cells. Nivolumab was approved in the second-line therapy in squamous cell lung cancer by FDA, with less than 10% unusual skin reaction, like sensory neuropathy, peeling skin, erythema multiforme, vitiligo, and psoriasis. Radiotherapy could aggravate this skin reaction through inflammatory response and promotion of immunity. The combined treatment of anti-PD-1 and radiotherapy represented a new promising therapeutic approach in many studies, but the risk of side effects may be high. We reported a patient with advanced squamous cell lung cancer who suffered from serious skin immune-related adverse events when he was treated with nivolumab and radiotherapy. The immune overreaction of the treatment of anti-PD-1 treatment and radiotherapy might cause these serious skin adverse events. Our report warranted careful workup to reduce the risk of side effects by combinative therapy with anti-PD-1 and radiotherapy.
Comparison of β-Amyloid Plaque Labeling Methods: Antibody Staining, Gallyas Silver Staining, and Thioflavin-S Staining

Objective To evaluate senile plaque formation and compare the sensitivity of three different β-amyloid (Aβ) labeling methods (antibody staining, Gallyas silver staining, and thioflavin-S staining) to detect Aβ deposition. Methods APPswe/PSEN1dE9 transgenic mice (APP/PS1) of different ages were used to examine spatiotemporal changes in Aβ plaque deposition. Antibody staining, Gallyas silver staining, and thioflavin-S staining were used to detect Aβ plaque deposition in the same brain region of adjacent slices from model mice, and the results were compared. Results With aging, Aβ plaques first appeared in the cortex and then the deposition increased throughout the whole brain. Significantly greater plaque deposition was detected by 6E10 antibody than that analyzed with Gallyas silver staining or thioflavin-S staining (P<0.05). Plaque deposition did not show significant difference between the APP/PS1 mice brains assayed with Gallyas silver staining and ones with thioflavin-S staining (P=0.0033). Conclusions The APP/PS1 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease could mimick the progress of Aβ plaques occurred in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Antibody detection of Aβ deposition may be more sensitive than chemical staining methods.
A cancer cell turn-on protein-CuSMn nanoparticle as the sensor of breast cancer cell and CH3O-PEG-phosphatide

Cancer activated protein-inorganic nanoparticles can be cancer targeting turn-on imaging and therapy agents. Although various techniques were successfully employed for development of hybrid proteininorganic nanoparticles, cancer cell activated protein-inorganic nanoparticles have been challengeable. Herein, a cancer cell responsive nanoparticle (PDAMn-CuS@BSA-FA, NPs) was constructed and characterized. It is found that the quenching interaction of dyes (PDA) and central metal in NPs can be adjusted by CH_3O-PEG-phosphatide or the cancer cells, hence, NPs showed turn-on fluorescence emission with the titration of CH_3O-PEG-phosphatide. In particular, breast cancer cells lysis can switch on the green emission greatly, while normal cells show less effect. Breast cancer cells turn-on fluorescence imaging and mitochondria targeting imaging demonstrate that the NPs can sense breast cancer cells and enter mitochondria. Therefore, NPs can be both breast cancer targeting nanosensor.
Axial laminar velocity field calculation and optimization for power-law fluid in eccentric annulus with cutting bed

The formation of a cutting bed in an annulus involves safety problems in drilling especially in the horizontal well and the directional well. In this work, three axial laminar velocity field calculation models for the power-law fluid in an annulus are modified by considering the effect of the cutting bed. The proposed models are employed to numerically simulate the annulus flow with the cutting bed. Verified by the experimental data in literature, all of them can be applied to the situation of the annulus flow with the cutting bed. The modified concentric annulus model enjoys the best performance, while the flat channel flow model has the worst performance.