mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
On Almost Armendariz Ring

In this paper,we introduce the notion of an almost Armendariz ring,which is a generalization of an Armendariz ring,and discuss some of its properties.It has been found that every almost Armendariz ring is weak Armendariz but the converse is not true.We prove that a ring R is almost Armendariz if and only if R[x] is almost Armendariz.It is also shown that if R/I is an almost Armendariz ring and I is a semicommutative ideal,then R is an almost Armendariz ring.Moreover,the class of minimal non-commutative almost Armendariz rings is completely determined,up to isomorphism (minimal means having smallest cardinality).
项目反应理论的SAS软件实现

项目反应理论(item response theory, IRT)是一种可以精确测量被试能力的现代测量理论,起源于20世纪30年代末;到70年代, IRT逐渐替代了传统的经典测验理论(classical test theory,CTT),成为了测验理论的重点。IRT模型的特点是建立了项目性能、被试潜在特质水平与项目应答正确概率的关系[1- 2]。与CTT相比, IRT中项目的难度、区分度和猜测度更为清晰、易懂,它将项目特性与被试水平定义在同一维度内,避免了对项目和被试的评价过分依赖抽样样本的局限性。目前, IRT广泛应用于各领域(特别在教育学、心理学及医学)的量表测验与计算机适应性测验等方面[3]。
癌症患者实施叙事护理的研究进展

分析叙事护理的概念,对癌症患者叙事护理的实施者、实施对象及实施形式进行综述,并从丰富叙事形式、推广叙事护理、培养叙事人才3个方面提出建议,旨在为临床护理人员对癌症患者实施叙事护理提供参考。
宽窗口水系超级电容器设计新策略

超级电容器作为一种新型的电化学储能器件,在具有功率密度高、快速充放电能力强、循环稳定性好等优点的同时,也具有能量密度过低的缺点。扩展器件的工作电压窗口是有效提升器件能量密度的一种方法,而电解液的稳定工作电压范围对器件的工作电压窗口有着重要影响。近年来,“盐包水”(Water-in-Salt,WIS)作为一种新型高电压水系电解液1,已受到电化学储能技术领域科研人员越来越多的关注。
超级电容器概述

超级电容器是一种新型的绿色储能装置,具有功率密度高、循环寿命长、充放电速度快、可靠性高、绿色环保等特性,在移动通讯、航空航天、电动汽车和国防等领域有着巨大的应用潜力。近年来,随着超级电容器研究的不断深入、相关技术产业的快速发展,其应用领域正在不断的扩展、市场前景十分广阔1,2。电极材料是超级电容器的关键所在,它决定着该储能器件的主要性能指标,如能量密度、功率密度和循环稳定性等。在众多的电极材料中,多孔碳材料因其价廉易得、电化学稳定、导电性好、比表面积高等优势而成为研究热点并已实现了商业化3。然而,碳基超级电容器的能量密度仍较低,约为商业锂离子电池的1/20,难以满足储能器件实际应用的需求。因此,如何在保持碳基超级电容器高功率、长寿命的前提下有效提升其能量密度是当前亟待解决的难题4。
Numerical Study of the Impact of Climate Change on Irregular Wave Run-up Over Reef-Fringed Coasts

Wave hydrodynamics over fringing reefs is largely controlled by the reef surface roughness and hydrodynamic forcing.It is believed that climate change will result in a net increase in the water depth over the reef flat, a degrading of the surface roughness of coral reefs and changes in extreme incident wave heights.For an accurate assessment of how climate change affects the safety of reef-fringed coasts, a numerical study of the impact of climate change on irregular wave run-up over reef-fringed coasts was carried out based on a Boussinesq wave model,FUNWAVE-TVD.Validated with experimental data, the present model shows reasonable prediction of irregular wave evolution and run-up height over fringing reefs.Numerical experiments were then implemented based on the anticipated effects of climate change and carried out to investigate the effects of sea level rise, degrading of the reef surface roughness and increase of extreme incident wave height on the irregular wave run-up height over the backreef beach respectively.Variations of run-up components(i.e., spectral characteristics of run-up and mean water level)were examined specifically and discussed to better understand the influencing mechanism of each climate change-related effect on the run-up.
A Numerical Investigation of the Reduction of Solitary Wave Runup by A Row of Vertical Slotted Piles

To improve the current understanding of the reduction of tsunami-like solitary wave runup by the pile breakwater on a sloping beach, we developed a 3D numerical wave tank based on the CFD tool OpenFOAM® in this study.The Navier-Stokes equations were applied to solve the two-phase incompressible flow, combined with an LES model to solve the turbulence and a VOF method to capture the free surface.The adopted model was firstly validated with existing empirical formulas for solitary wave runup on the slope without the pile structure.It is then validated using our new laboratory observations of the free surface elevation, the velocity and the pressure around a row of vertical slotted piles subjected to solitary waves, as well as the wave runup on the slope behind the piles.Subsequently, a set of numerical simulations were implemented to analyze the wave reflection, the wave transmission, and the shoreline runup with various offshore wave heights, offshore water depths, adjacent pile spaces and beach slopes.Finally, an improved empirical equation accounting for the maximum wave runup on the slope was proposed by taking the presence of the pile breakwater into consideration.
基于力矩感知的多指精准抓握协调控制研究

探讨不同手指组合和多指抓取不同质心的抓握装置过程中手指力量的控制。选取30名健康受试者使用3种手指组合进行抓握:一是拇指与食指双指抓握,二是拇指、食指和中指三指抓握,三是拇指、食指、中指和无名指四指抓握。随机在抓握装置底座的中部、近端、远端、尺侧、桡侧各增加一额定砝码,产生不同方向的偏转力矩,改变抓握装置的重心位置,使用六维力-力矩传感器记录各手指的力与力矩。以握力的均值(mean) 、标准差(SD)与平均功率频率(MPF)为参数,分析抓握过程中抓握力的大小变化。结果表明,仅双指抓握时抓握力的MN与SD存在显著性差异(P<0.05),而在三指抓握与四指抓握时没有发现显著性差异(P>0.05) 。当额定砝码位于远端时,双指抓握的拇指与食指的抓握力的MN和SD均显著大于砝码位于其他位置时的数值(P<0.05),这表明手部运动控制对于左右方向上的扰动相比前后向上的扰动有更高的鲁棒性。另外,在所有实验中,拇指抓握力的MN显著大于其他手指的值(P<0.05),且SD与MPF显著小于其他手指的值(P<0.05) 。结果表明,拇指在抓握过程中主要起稳定作用,其他手指有更强的灵活性,主要起调控作用。该研究为功能性的多指抓握过程中手指力的控制能力的量化评估提供新的思路。
关于2030年前火星采样返回科学任务的展望

火星采样返回对于认知类地行星起源和生命宜居性、奠定未来载人登火基础具有重大意义,是下一代火星探测任务的重点目标。目前美、日、中均已公布火星采样返回任务的计划或相关设想。美国火星采样返回任务预计时间跨度逾10年,将与欧洲空间局合作研制发射样品返回着陆器、样品收集火星车和返回地球轨道器等,将毅力号火星车采集的样品带回地球。日本计划开展火卫一采样返回任务。分析国际采样返回任务方案,有助于中国火星任务的科学目标凝练和工程方案设计。
Syntheses, Structures and Photoluminescence of Novel Lanthanide-organic Frameworks Based on 1, 4-Bis(3,5-dicarboxylic pyrazol-1-ylmethyl) Benzene

Two isomorphic 3D lanthanide metal-organic frameworks, {[Tb(L)_(0.5)(OX)_(0.5)(H_2O)_2DMF].DMF}_n (1) and {[Dy(L)_(0.5)(OX)_(0.5)(H_2O)_2DMF].DMF}_n (2), have been prepared under solvothermal conditions based on 1,4-bis(3,5-dicarboxylicpyrazol-1-ylmethyl) benzene (H_4L), oxalis acid (H_2OX) and lanthanide ions. Compound 1 crystallizes in monoclinic system, space group P2_1/c with a = 9.418(15), b = 15.23(2), c = 14.47(2) A, β = 100.07(3)°, V = 2044(5) A~3, Z = 4, M_r = 590.3 g/mol, D_c = 1.919 g/cm~3, μ = 3.524 mm~(-1), F(000) = 1168, R = 0.0893 and wR = 0.1902 for 3486 observed reflections (I > 2σ(I)). In compound 1, the central terbium(III) ions are coordinated with eight atoms, and two neighboring terbium(III) ions are linked together by one bridging oxalic acid group to give rise to a [Tb_2(OX)(L)_4] unit. Each [Tb_2(OX)(L)_4] unit connects to the surrounding six identical ones by the oxygen atoms bridging to lead to a 3D framework. Compound 1 exhibits strong luminescent emissions at the solid state owing to the antenna effect of the ligand.
Evaluation of the inhibition behavior of carbon dots on carbon steel in HC1 and NaCl solutions

An eco-friendly and effective corrosion inhibitor (N-CDs) was acquired by hydrothermal method in methacrylic acid and ethyl(methyl)amine precursors.Afterwards,the weight loss and electrochemistry measurement were chosen to appraise the corrosion inhibition behavior of as-prepared N-CDs for Q235 steel in Cl~- contained solutions.The change rules of EIS and Tafel data displayed that the as-prepared N-CDs revealed a high-efficiency protection for steel in all test environments.Meanwhile,the inhibition efficiency of steel reached up to 93.93% (1 M HCl) and 88.96% (3.5 wt% NaCl) at 200mg/L of N-CDs.Furthermore,the N-CDs could form the adsorption film on steel surface to avoid the strong attack of Cl-.By analysis,the adsorption mechanism of as-prepared N-CDs on steel surface was physicochemical interaction,which strictly complied with the Langmuir adsorption model in both solutions.
New FeNiCrMo(P,C,B) high-entropy bulk metallic glasses with unusual thermal stability and corrosion resistance

New Fe_(20-35)Ni_(20)Cr_(20-30)Mo_(5-15)(P_(0.6)C_(0.2)B_(0.2))_(20) bulk metallic glasses with excellent thermal stability,strength,and corrosion resistance have been developed through the high-entropy alloy design strategy.The high-entropy bulk metallic glasses (HE-BMGs) possess larger supercooled liquid regions of ~69K,higher crystallization onset temperatures of ~852 K,larger undercoolings of ~109 K,and more sluggish crystallization process upon heating than the conventional metallic glass benefited from the high mixing entropy effect.The HE-BMGs also exhibit ultrahigh strength of ~3.4GPa,Vickers hardness of ~1107,and superior corrosion resistance in acids and NaCl solutions by formation of highly stable Cr-and Moenriched passive films.The new metal-metalloid HE-BMG system and exceptional properties give the alloys good promise for both scientific and engineering applications.
Potential Effect of Black Carbon on Glacier Mass Balance during the Past 55 Years of Laohugou Glacier No.12,Western Qilian Mountains

This study reconstructed the annual mass balance (MB) of Laohugou Glacier No.12 in the western Qilian Mountains during 1961-2015.The annual MB was calculated based on a temperature-index and an accumulation model with inputs of daily air temperature and precipitation recorded by surrounding meteorological stations.The model was calibrated by in-situ MB measurements conducted on the glacier during 2010-2015.Change in constructed annual MB had three phases.During Phase I (1961-1984),glacierwide MB values were slightly positive with an average MB of 24±276 mm w.e.(water equivalent).During Phase II (1984-1995),the MB values became slightly negative with an average MB of-50±276 mm w.e..The most negative MB values were found during Phase III (1996-2015),with an average MB of-377±276 mm w.e.Climatic analysis showed that the warming led to accelerated glacier mass loss despite a persistent increase of precipitation during the analysis period.However,an increase of black carbon deposited on the glacier surface since the 1980s could have contributed to intensified glacier melt.From simulations and measurements of MB on the Urumqi Glacier No.1,26% of glacier melt caused by black carbon could be identified.
Paired δ~(13)C_(carb)-δ~(13)C_(org) Evolution of the Dengying Formation from Northeastern Guizhou and Implications for Stratigraphic Correlation and the Late Ediacaran Carbon Cycle

This study provides δ~(13)C profiles from a lower-slope (Well ZK102) to basin (Bahuang Section) environment to better understand the temporal and spatial variability in δ~(13)C_(carb)-δ~(13)C_(org) of the Yangtze Block during the Late Ediacaran.Our new δ~(13)C profiles together with the reported data suggest that the Upper Ediacaran successions from different depositional environments are generally bounded by negative δ~(13)C_(carb) and/or δ~(13)C_(org) excursions in the underlying and overlying strata.Moreover,the Upper Ediacaran δ~(13)C_(carb) profiles generally can be subdivided into two positive excursions and an interjacent negative excursion,whereas the paired δ~(13)C_(org) profiles from different depositional environments have individual variation trends.On the other hand,these data show a large surface-to-deep water δ~(13)C gradient (~5‰ variation in δ~(13)C_(carb),>10‰ variation in δ~(13)C_(org)) which can be reasonably explained by the heterogeneity of the biological activities in the redox-stratified water column.Furthermore,the decoupled δ~(13)C_(carb)-δ~(13)C_(org) pattern with large δ~(13)C_(org) perturbations at the lower slope precluded the existence of a large dissolved organic carbon reservoir at the Yangtze Block during the Late Ediacaran.Thus,the high δ~(13)C_(carb) values in the Upper Ediacaran succession could be balanced by large amounts of buried organic carbon likely associated with high productivity.
Research progress on multiscale structural characteristics and characterization methods of iron ore sinter

At present, blast furnace ironmaking is still the main process for producing molten iron, and sinters are the main raw material for blast furnace ironmaking. A sinter with good metallurgical performance can not only ensure smooth operation of the blast furnace but also reduce the blast furnace fuel ratio and increase the molten iron production. Structure is the most important factor affecting the metallurgical properties of the sinter. Thus, the research progress of sinter pore and mineral phase structures was reviewed and the mechanism by which they influence sinter properties was expounded. Multiscale characterization methods for the sinter and their advantages and disadvantages were introduced, and the future research direction of sinter was discussed.
Glucocorticoid receptor-IRS-1 axis controls EMT and the metastasis of breast cancers

Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is involved in the transcriptional regulation of genes that are important for various biological functions,including tumor growth and metastatic progression.However,the cellular and biological effects of GR remain poorly understood.Here,we investigated the role of GR and its underlying mechanism in mediating breast cancer cell survival and metastasis.We observed that the GR levels were increased in drug-resistant breast cancer cells and in metastatic breast cancer samples.GR promoted tumor cell invasion and lung metastasis in vivo.The GR expression levels were negatively correlated with the survival rates of breast cancer patients.Both ectopic expression and knockdown of GR revealed that GR is a strong inducer of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT),which is consistent with its effects on cell survival and metastasis.GR suppressed the expression of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) by acting as an IRS-1 transcriptional repressor.In addition,GR has an opposite effect on the expression levels of IRS-2,indicating that GR is able to differentially regulate the IRS-1 and IRS-2 expression.The cellular and biological effects elicited by GR were consistent with the reduced levels of IRS-1 observed in cancer cells,and GR-mediated IRS-1 suppression activated the ERK2 MAP kinase pathway,which is required for GR-mediated EMT.Taken together,our results indicate that GR-IRS-1 signaling axis plays an essential role in regulating the survival,invasion,and metastasis of breast cancer cells.
CILP-2 is a novel secreted protein and associated with insulin resistance

Genetic association studies have implicated that cartilage intermediate layer protein 2 (CILP-2) confers the risk susceptibility for type 2 diabetes (T2DM).However,it is still unknown whether CILP-2 is involved in the regulation of glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance (IR).In the current study,we initially observed that CILP-2 as a secreted protein was detected in both conditioned medium and lysates of cells transfected with an overexpressed vector.We then found that circulating CILP-2 levels had a progressive increase from normal to impaired glucose tolerance (a pre-diabetic status) and then to diabetes,which was correlated positively with waist-to-hip ratio,triglyceride,fasting blood glucose,2-h blood glucose after glucose overload,HbA1c,fasting insulin,2-h plasma insulin after glucose overload,and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance but negatively with HDL-C.CILP-2 expression was increased in the liver and muscle but decreased in adipose tissues of obese mice or T2DM patients.Furthermore,we demonstrated that CILP-2 circulating levels were affected by OGTT and Exenatide.CILP-2 overexpression resulted in impaired glucose tolerance and hepatic IR in vivo and increased PEPCK expression whereas suppressed phosphorylation of insulin receptor and Akt kinase in vitro.Based on these findings,we have identified a direct interaction between CILP-2 and PEPCK and suggested that CILP-2 plays an important role in the regulation of hepatic glucose production.
Improved performance of UVC-LEDs by combination of high-temperature annealing and epitaxially laterally overgrown AlN/sapphire

We report on the performance of AlGaN-based deep ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (UV-LEDs) emitting at 265 nm grown on stripe-patterned high-temperature annealed (HTA) epitaxially laterally overgrown (ELO) aluminium nitride (AlN)/sapphire templates. For this purpose, the structural and electro-optical properties of ultraviolet-c light-emitting diodes (UVC-LEDs) on as-grown and on HTA planar AlN/sapphire as well as ELO AlN/sapphire with and without HTA are investigated and compared. Cathodoluminescence measurements reveal dark spot densities of 3.5×10~9 cm~(-2), 1.1×10~9 cm~(-2), 1.4×10~9 cm~(-2), and 0.9×10~9 cm~(-2) in multiple quantum well samples on as-grown planar AlN/sapphire, HTA planar AlN/sapphire, ELO AlN/sapphire, and HTA ELO AlN/sapphire, respectively, and are consistent with the threading dislocation densities determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution X-ray diffraction rocking curve. The UVC-LED performance improves with the reduction of the threading dislocation densities (TDDs). The output powers (measured on-wafer in cw operation at 20 mA) of the UV-LEDs emitting at 265 nm were 0.03 mW (planar AlN/sapphire), 0.8 mW (planar HTA AlN/sapphire), 0.9 mW (ELO AlN/sapphire), and 1.1 mW (HTA ELO AlN/sapphire), respectively. Furthermore, Monte Carlo ray-tracing simulations showed a 15% increase in light-extraction efficiency due to the voids formed in the ELO process. These results demonstrate that HTA ELO AlN/sapphire templates provide a viable approach to increase the efficiency of UV-LEDs, improving both the internal quantum efficiency and the light-extraction efficiency.
Frequency-tuning-induced state transfer in optical microcavities

Quantum state transfer in optical microcavities plays an important role in quantum information processing and is essential in many optical devices such as optical frequency converters and diodes. Existing schemes are effective and realized by tuning the coupling strengths between modes. However, such approaches are severely restricted due to the small amount of strength that can be tuned and the difficulty performing the tuning in some situations, such as in an on-chip microcavity system. Here we propose a novel approach that realizes the state transfer between different modes in optical microcavities by tuning the frequency of an intermediate mode. We show that for typical functions of frequency tuning, such as linear and periodic functions, the state transfer can be realized successfully with different features. To optimize the process, we use the gradient descent technique to find an optimal tuning function for a fast and perfect state transfer. We also showed that our approach has significant nonreciprocity with appropriate tuning variables, where one can unidirectionally transfer a state from one mode to another, but the inverse direction transfer is forbidden. This work provides an effective method for controlling the multimode interactions in on-chip optical microcavities via simple operations, and it has practical applications in all-optical devices.
Nutritional and herbal supplements in the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder that is characterised by obsessions and compulsions. The recommended treatments for OCD are cognitive- behavioural therapy using exposure and response prevention and/or pharmacotherapy. On the other hand, some nutritional and herbal supplements may be effective in the treatment of OCD. Nutritional and herbal supplements in OCD treatment will be reviewed in this paper. PubMed (Medline), Cochrane Library and Google Scholar databases were reviewed for the topic. There are some supplements that have been researched in OCD treatment studies such as vitamin D,vitamin B12,folic acid, homocysteine, trace elements, N-acetyl cysteine, glycine, myoinositol, St John's wort, milk thistle, valerian root, curcumin and borage. The effectiveness of herbal and nutritional supplements in the treatment of OCD should be supported with more conclusive evidence.
Stability Analysis of Sampled-data Control System and Its Application to Electric Power Market

The stability of sampled-data systems is investigated using a new type of Lyapunov functional.The interval from the sampling point t_k to t_(k+1) is assumed to be a sampling interval.By fully utilizing the characteristic information on the whole sampling interval, a new two-sided closed-loop Lyapunov functional is proposed, which utilizes the information on both the intervals from the sampling point t to t_k and from t to t_(k+1).Based on the two-sided closed-loop Lyapunov functional and modified free-matrix-based inequality, a less conservative stability criterion is derived for a sampled-data control system, and three numerical examples are provided to verify the effectiveness and reduced conservativeness of the proposed method.Furthermore, the proposed method is applied to solve the stability problem of electric power markets, and the practical significance of reducing the conservativeness is discussed.
Design Optimization and Comparison of Linear Magnetic Actuators under Different Topologies

In this study, several types of linear actuators that adopt different permanent-magnet(PM) topologies are studied and compared.These linear actuators are based on the concept of PM magnetic screw transmission, which offers high force density, high reliability, and overload protection.Using different magnetic configurations and assembly methods, these linear actuators are designed and optimized for a fair comparison.Initially, based on the operating principle and maximum thrust force, the surface-mounted magnetic screw is described and optimized.Furthermore, the embedded magnetic screw, Halbach array magnetic screw, and field modulated magnetic screw are investigated and compared.Their electromagnetic performances, such as thrust force, torque, magnetic losses,and demagnetization effects are analytically assessed and verified using finite-element analysis.Finally, a prototype of the surface-mounted magnetic screw is developed to validate the predictions.
Open-circuit Fault Diagnosis of Traction Inverter Based on Compressed Sensing Theory

This study proposes a new method of fault diagnosis based on the least squares support vector machine with gradient information(G-LS-SVM) to solve the insulated-gate bipolar transistor(IGBT) open-circuit failure problem of the traction inverter in a catenary power supply system.First, a simulation model based on traction inverter topology is built, and various voltage fault signal waveforms are simulated based on the IGBT inverter open-circuit fault classification.Second, compressive sensing theory is used to sparsely represent the voltage fault signal and make it a fault signal.The new method has a high degree of sparseness and builds an overcomplete dictionary model containing the feature vectors of voltage fault signals based on a double sparse dictionary model to match the sparse signal characteristics.Finally, the space vector transform is used to represent the three-phase voltage scalar in the traction inverter as a composite quantity to reduce the redundancy of the fault signals and data-processing capabilities.A G-LS-SVM fault diagnosis model is then built to diagnose and identify the voltage fault signal feature vector in an overcomplete dictionary.The simulation results show that the accuracy of this method for various types of IGBT tube fault diagnosis is over 98.92%.Moreover, the G-LS-SVM model is robust and not affected by Gaussian white noise.
Overview on Submodule Topologies,Modeling, Modulation, Control Schemes, Fault Diagnosis, and Tolerant Control Strategies of Modular Multilevel Converters

In the present scenario, modular multilevel converters(MMCs) are considered to be one of the most promising and effective topologies in the family of high-power converters because of their modular design and good scalability; MMCs are extensively used in high-voltage and high-power applications.Based on their unique advantages, MMCs have attracted increasing attention from academic circles over the past years.Several studies have focused on different aspects of MMCs, including submodule topologies, modeling schemes, modulation strategies, control schemes for voltage balancing and circulating currents, fault diagnoses, and fault-tolerant control strategies.To summarize the current research status of MMCs, all the aforementioned research issues with representative research approaches, results and characteristics are systematically overviewed.In the final section, the current research status of MMCs and their future trends are emphasized.