mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Dark diffusional enhancement of holographic multiplexed gratings in phenanthrenequinone doped poly(methyl methacrylate) photopolymer

In this paper, we experimentally investigate the dark diffusional enhancement of the optimized multiplexed grating in the phenanthrenequinone doped poly (methyl methacrylate) (PQ-PMMA) photopolymer. The possibility of improving the holographic characteristics of the material through the dark enhancement is demonstrated. The optimal preillumination exposure and the optimal time interval between exposures are extracted to obtain the optimized diffraction efficiency, and their values are 3.4x103 mJ/cm2 and 2 min, respectively. The dark enhancement of the multiplexed grating is presented as an effective method to improve the response region and the dynamic range and to prevent saturation of the material. The dependence of the phenanthrenequinone concentration on the increment of the refractive index modulation is quantitatively studied, which provides a significant basis for improving the homogeneity in the multiplexed gratings using a quantitative strategy. Finally, a simple experimental procedure using the dark enhancement is introduced to improve the homogeneity of the diffraction efficiency and to avoid the complex schedule exposure.
Thermodynamic and geometric framework of a(2+1)-dimensional black hole with non-linear electrodynamics

The thermodynamic properties of a(2 + 1)-dimensional black hole with non-linear electrodynamics from the viewpoint of geometry is studied and some kinds of temperatures of the black hole have been obtained. Weinhold curvature and Ruppeiner curvature are explored as information geometry. Moreover, based on Quevedo's theory, the Legendre invariant geometry is investigated for the black hole. We also study the relationship between the scalar curvatures of the above several metrics and the phase transitions produced from the heat capacity.
第12例咽痛发热血肌酐升高

ATN是肾实质性AKI的主要原因[3]。引起ATN的病因包括肾缺血和肾毒性两类因素。患儿无糖尿病、高血压和动脉粥样硬化等引起缺血的高危因素, 故考虑肾毒性因素。患儿虽然有感染表现, 但生物毒素引起脓毒血症所致的ATN依据不足。抗生素中以氨基糖苷类引起ATN最常见, 头孢菌素也可引起ATN, 因此头孢唑啉引起的肾功能损害需要考虑。农药如有机磷、熏蒸杀虫剂和除草剂所致的ATN根据患儿的病史无支持依据, 故暂不考虑。
儿童EBV感染的非肿瘤性相关疾病

EBV是一种亲人类B细胞的疱疹病毒。EBV可引起全身各系统和器官的疾病, 包括肿瘤性和非肿瘤性相关疾病[1]。在儿童非肿瘤性EBV感染相关性疾病中, 传染性单核细胞增多症(IM)、慢性活动性EBV感染(CAEBV)和EBV相关噬血淋巴组织细胞增生症(EBV-HLH)最具临床意义。IM是良性自限性疾病, 而CAEBV和EBV-HLH具有潜在恶性倾向, 预后不良。本文就首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院(我院)诊断的IM、CAEBV和EBV-HLH各1例典型病例进行分析, 以期提高对该类疾病的认识。
烟草基因组学研究方法篇: 5.烟草蛋白质组学研究方法和应用

蛋白质组(proteome)最初指细胞内全部蛋白质的存在及其活动方式，后引申指一个基因组编码的全部蛋白质。蛋白质组研究是生命科学研究进入后基因组时代的里程碑，也是后基因组时代生命科学研究的核心内容之一和功能基因组学研究的新兴学科、热点领域。蛋白质组学研究方法主要是基于蛋白质样品的分离、蛋白质的鉴定及蛋白质间的相互作用等技术。
胃食管反流病诱发腰椎间盘突出症病案举隅

中西医结合不是简单的中药加西药治疗，而是要在诊断上的病证结合，在治疗时的综合协调，在理论上的相互为用。两者之间取长补短，既要充分发挥中医学整体观的优势，又能突出体现现代医学微观论的长处，这样才能在诊治疾病时获得显著疗效。笔者现介绍一则由胃食管反流(GERD)引发咳嗽，又因咳嗽诱发腰椎间盘突出症的病案。在此例病案治疗过程中，笔者以整体观思想作指导，衷中参西，病证结合，通过中药调理结合推拿手法治疗取得良好疗效。
c-src基因敲减对大鼠精原干细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

目的研究c-src蛋白对大鼠精原干细胞增殖和凋亡的影响。方法在转染c-src RNA干涉质粒后，用Western blot检测细胞内c-src蛋白的表达；用MTT比色法观察c-src敲减后细胞的活性；同时分别用流式细胞仪和Hoechst33342染料检测细胞的细胞周期和凋亡情况。结果与转染对照质粒相比，c-src敲减后能显著降低大鼠精原干细胞内c-src蛋白的表达，细胞活性下降了29.60%(P＜0.05)，S期细胞显著减少(P＜0.05)，细胞凋亡显著增加(P＜0.05)。结论c-src基因敲减后可抑制大鼠精原干细胞增殖和促进细胞凋亡。
1953-1955年有关中国高压开关情况的片断回忆

1953-1957年是国民经济发展第一个五年计划，简称“一五”，它出现在建国初期3年经济恢复时期之后，中国准备有计划发展经济建设的时期，也是中国全面学习苏联先进经验，简称“学苏”的时期，因而与其他时期有明显的特点。对这一时期笔者也可算是一个亲历者和观察者。由于已过半个世纪之多，现仅能就记忆所及略述如下，如有谬误或重要遗漏请谅解并指正。
An Efficient Method for Cleaning Dirty-Events over Uncertain Data in WSNs

Event detection in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has attracted much attention due to its importance in many applications. The erroneous abnormal data generated during event detection are prone to lead to false detection results. Therefore, in order to improve the reliability of event detection, we propose a dirty-event cleaning method based on spatio-temporal correlations among sensor data. Unlike traditional fault-tolerant approaches, our method takes into account the inherent uncertainty of sensor measurements and focuses on the type of directional events. A probabilitybased mapping scheme is introduced, which maps uncertain sensor data into binary data. Moreover, we give formulated definitions of transient dirty-event (TDE) and permanent dirty-event (PDE), which are cleaned by a novel fuzzy method and a collaborative cleaning scheme, respectively. Extensive experimental results show the effectiveness of our dirty-event cleaning method.
凋亡抑制蛋白Livin在胃癌治疗中的研究进展

目前，对早期胃癌，手术切除仍然是治疗的主要手段，且预后较好；但大多胃癌发现时已属中晚期，而对晚期胃癌，全球尚未建立标准的治疗方案，现有的多种治疗手段仍无法改善患者的低存活率。凋亡抑制蛋白家族(inhibitors of apoptosis proteins，IAPs)是一类分子水平抗凋亡的调节因子，其过表达是肿瘤发生发展的机制之一。该家族有8个成员，即人类凋亡抑制蛋白1(HIAP-1)、人类凋亡抑制蛋白2(HIAP-2)、神经元凋亡抑制蛋白(NAIP)、X连接的凋亡抑制蛋白(XI-AP)、ILP-2、布鲁斯、生存素和最新发现的Livin[1]。本文就Livin在胃癌治疗中的研究进展予以综述。
Structure of low-head two-phase flow in flat nozzles during outflow of the liquid into rarefied medium

Outcomes of experimental researches of the low-pressure adiabatic flow of the boiling liquid through two-dimensional Laval nozzles in a vacuum atmosphere were adduced.Requirements of critical conditions of flow were determined.Structural forms of a stream were investigated and their connection with crisis of flow was shown.It was established periodic non-stationary macrostructures of a stream which was stipulated by the rotational gear of origin of a vapor phase.
Hydrogen sulfide and nervous system regulation

Objective This review discusses the current status and progress in studies on the roles of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in regulation of neurotoxicity, neuroprotection, and neuromodulator, as well as its therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative disorders. Data sources The data used in this review were mainly from Medline and PubMed published in English from 2001 to August 2011. The search terms were "hydrogen sulfide", "neuron", and "neurodegenerative disorders". Study selection Articles regarding the regulation of neuronal function, the protection against neuronal damage and neurological diseases, and their possible cellular and molecular mechanisms associated with H2S were selected. Results The inhibited generation of endogenous H2S is implicated in 1-methy-4-phenylpyridinium ion, 6-OHDA, and homocysteine-triggered neurotoxicity. H2S elicits neuroprotection in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease models as well as protecting neurons against oxidative stress, ischemia, and hypoxia-induced neuronal death. H2S offers anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects, as well as activates ATP-sensitive potassium channels and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator Cl-channels. H2S regulates the long-term potentiation (LTP) and GABAB receptors in the hippocampus, as well as intracellular calcium and pH homeostasis in neurons and glia cells. Conclusions These articles suggest that endogenous H2S may regulate the toxicity of neurotoxin. H2S not only acts as a neuroprotectant but also serves as a novel neuromodulator.
ANALYSIS OF VISCOSITY ABNORMALITIES OF POLYELECTROLYTES IN DILUTE SOLUTIONS

It was found that the interface effects in viscous capillary flow influenced the process of viscosity measurement greatly, and the abnormal viscosity behaviors of polyelectrolytes as well as neutral polymers in dilute solution region were ascribed to interface effect. According to this theory, we have reviewed the previous viscosity data of derivatives of poly-2vinylpyridine reported by Maclay and Fuoss first. Then, the abnormal viscosity behaviors of a series of sodium polystyrene sulfonate samples with various molecular weights in dilute aqueous solutions were studied further. The solute adsorption behaviors and structural information of polymers have been discussed carefully.
FINITE ELEMENT SIMULATION FOR YIELD STRESS OF HARD POLY(VINYL CHLORIDE)/ACRYLONITRILE-BUTADIENE-STYRENE BLENDS AT DIFFERENT CROSSHEAD SPEEDS

Hard poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) blends were prepared using injectionmolding and influence of crosshead speed on mechanical properties was examined. Based on morphology parameters obtained from transmission electron microscopy photography and the material parameters from true stress-strain curves of neat PVC and ABS, yield stresses of the blends at different crosshead speeds were simulated employing a two-dimensional nine-particle model based on the finite element analysis (FEA). The FEA results were compared with the experimental yielding stress and the good agreement validated the simulation approach. The FEA approach allowed establishing a yielding criterion related to local yielding of the interstitial matrix between ABS particles.
SYNTHESIS OF ORGANO SOLUBLE AROMATIC POLY(AMIDE-IMIDE)S BASED ON 2-(5-(3, 5-DINITROPHENYL)-1, 3, 4-OXADIAZOLE-2-YL)PYRIDINE IN AN IONIC LIQUID

In this work, the syntheses of new thermally stable poly(amide-imide)s with pendant 2-pyridyl-l, 3, 4-oxadiazole units in n-butyl methyl imidazolium bromide as reaction media have been reported. A new dicarboxylic acid has been derived from the reaction of diamine, 2-(5-(3, 5-diaminophenyl)-l, 3, 4-oxadiazole-2-yl)pyridine (POBD), and trimellitic acid anhydride. Polymers were prepared from the reaction of the diimide-diacid (DIDA) and different aromatic diamines in butyl methyl imidazolium bromide, [bmim][Br], in the presence of triphenyl phosphite (TPP) as condensing agent without needing any extra components. The prepared poly(amide-imide)s were characterized by FTIR, elemental analysis, and through the synthesis of a model compound. The prepared polymers were soluble in polar and aprotic solvents, such as DMF, DMSO, NMP and DMAc. The inherent viscosity of the polymer solutions was in the range of 0.52-1.33 dL/g measured in concentrated H_2SO_4 at a concentration of 0.125 g/dL at(25±0.5)℃. The results are compared with the results obtained from common direct polycondensation with NMP as solvent. Polymers obtained in ionic liquid showed higher inherent viscosity than that of polymers obtained via classical method in NMP. Thermal properties of the polymers were studied with DSC and TGA methods.
脊髓电刺激治疗坐骨神经损伤后顽固性疼痛1例报道

脊髓电刺激(Spinal cord stimulation，SCS)治疗慢性疼痛，最初由CNorman ShcalY等于1967年提出并应用于临床。经过40年的发展，目前已成为治疗慢性、顽固性神经痛的一种有效方法。其原理主要是经电极给予脊髓适当的刺激，患者产生异常感觉覆盖疼痛区域从而缓解疼痛。作用机制有多种学说，如门控机制的激活；脊髓丘脑通路传导的阻断；脊髓以上机制的激活；神经调质的激活或释放；交感传出神经的中枢抑制等[1]。此外，也有研究发现脊髓电刺激能改善肢体微循环，缓解神经性与缺血性疼痛[2]；亦可促进周围神经的修复，改善患者因神经损伤所引起的运动障碍[3]。
Formation Mechanism of Underpressured Reservoir in Huatugou Oilfield of Qaidam Basin

Underpressured reservoirs are widespread in the Huatugou(花土沟)oilfield of the western uplift in Qaidam basin, western China.At depths between 462 and 1248 m, the pressure of Neogene reservoirs in the Huatugou oilfield is only about 40% to 80% of hydrostatic pressure.Based on a study of the geological characteristics of these underpressured reservoirs, this work used fluid inclusion analysis and numerical simulation to investigate the mechanism creating these abnormal pressures and to evaluate the characteristics of the hydrocarbon distribution.The results show that the underpressured reservoirs are all well-sealed by undercompacted and thick mudrocks.The large-scale tectonic uplift in the late Himalayan plays an important role in the generation of underpressure in the Huatugou oilfield.At the beginning of this movement, the field was overpressured due to episodic petroleum accumulation.Later, structural uplift and erosion led to porous rebound and a temperature decrease, which produced the underpressure.
我国农地制度改革进程中的公共选择

马克思基本理论及我国的客观实际情况迫切要求我国农地制度必须改革。从生产力与生产关系相互关系角度出发，论述我国农地制度改革必须正确破解3个根本问题，即所有权问题、统分结合双层经营体制问题以及农业经营形式发展方向问题。
尼帕病毒检测技术研究进展

尼帕病病毒(NiV)是一种新型烈性的重要人畜共患病病原，具有广泛的自然宿主。主要阐述了病原学、流行病学等方面的情况，介绍了病毒分离、ELISA检测和RT-PCR等分子生物学检测尼帕病毒的方法。
低碳经济视角下开发能源木薯生产燃料乙醇的优势分析

木薯作为我国热带地区的新型优势产业，可缓解能源紧缺的压力、提高环境质量，也可促进农民增产增收、脱贫致富。通过介绍开发和利用生物质能源的紧迫性，分析我国发展木薯产业生产燃料乙醇的四大优势及其市场潜力，由此提出未来的发展思路与对策。
累及中枢神经系统的幼年性黄色肉芽肿二例

综上所述，JXG系一种少见儿童的疾病，以皮疹为主要临床表现，其中极少部分患儿伴有其他单个或多个器官受累，在这些多系统性幼年性黄色肉芽肿（SJXG)中，影像检查可以为疾病诊断、病情随诊观察及判断预后提供可靠的帮助。
肝内门静脉肝静脉瘘彩超表现1例

讨论　先天性肝内门静脉血管畸形中以肝门静脉海绵样变多见。门静脉肝静脉瘘较为罕见，通常继发于肝硬化，门静脉高压~([1])，也可为先天性、外伤性~([2])。本例平时无临床症状。先天性肝内门静脉肝静脉瘘属门体分流，受累的门静脉肝静脉增粗，瘘口较小，少数瘘口呈囊状扩张。如果分流量较大，出现肝性脑病或肝功能衰竭者需要治疗。
近颅底巨大颈内动脉颅外段动脉瘤切除并人工血管重建一例

颈内动脉的重建是切除动脉瘤后最重要的一个环节，一般情况下，颈内动脉缺损<2 cm可以直接带张力吻合，但因为该动脉瘤瘤体巨大，切除后颈内动脉缺损接近4 cm，需要使用移植物间置。颈内动脉移植物首选大隐静脉，但术前彩超提示患者双侧大隐静脉纤细，内径只有2 mm，且分支较多，不适合作移植物，因此，我们选用了6 mm的PTFE人工血管进行吻合，Miksi&ccirc；等和Faggioli等~[6-7]在总结了各自的病例后认为PTFE人工血管间置和自体大隐静脉间置及动脉直接吻合的近远期通畅率没有差别；Bemelman等~[8]甚至在同期行双侧颈内动脉瘤切除+PTFE人工血管置换，随访效果好。本例术后半年复査CTA也证实了PTFE人工血管的通畅。因此，我们认为采用的横切口显露、经鼻插管、破瘤减体积显露、转流管及PTFE人工血管的应用在治疗本例近颅底巨大颈内动脉瘤的切除中起到了积极的作用。
新型钻杆液压动力卡瓦的研制与应用

为解决现有卡瓦在现场使用出现的结构复杂、维修不便、安全性差等问题，研制了一种新型钻杆液压动力卡瓦，它具有刮泥和卡持钻杆的双重功能，可大大提高工作效率；更换不同型号的卡瓦牙，适用于不同直径的钻杆起下钻作业，实现了钻杆液压动力卡瓦的多功能性。该动力卡瓦能与不同转盘规格的自动化液压钻机、配置液压顶驱的钻机及普通钻机配套使用。
文昌油田碱性完井液腐蚀与缓蚀技术研究

采用有机合成方法研制了缓蚀剂JSA-05，并用静态失重法研究了用于文昌油田的碱性完井液中N80钢的腐蚀行为及缓蚀剂的缓蚀行为，将缓蚀剂JSA-05与另外2种缓蚀剂在不同温度、不同pH值下进行了缓蚀性能对比评价。结果表明：该缓蚀剂JSA-05性能稳定、效果明显、抗温能力强、有较好的抗盐能力。研制的缓蚀剂JSA-05可有效抑制N80钢在碱性完井液中的腐蚀，使用浓度达200mg/L时，能将腐蚀速率控制在0.076mm/a以下，缓蚀速率高达80%以上。该缓蚀剂可满足文昌油田防腐蚀要求。
基于灰色关联分析的低渗气藏产水气井分类评价

大牛地气田是典型的低孔低渗气藏，对其产水气井进行合理的分类评价，为进一步认识和开发气田提供理论依据。总结了气田的地质概况和生产特征，优选了气井评价指标，基于13口产水气井的地质参数及生产数据，利用灰色关联分析方法，计算出各评价指标的权重系数，量化了各指标对气井生产的影响，排序结果与现场实际情况相符；以此为基础，根据各口井的评价指标值，算得各口井的综合评价值，由评价值的大小差异，将气井划分为优、中、差3类，并对3类井予以了分析评价并提出了相应的开采方式。
稠油油藏化学辅助蒸汽吞吐研究

稠油具有粘度高、密度大、流动性差的特点，此类油藏的开发主要以热采为主。目前，蒸汽吞吐 仍是矿场上使用最为广泛的热采方法之一。以胜利油田草27地区馆陶组油藏为例，利用油藏数值模拟方 法，优选出了适合该稠油油藏化学辅助蒸汽吞吐的方法，确定出了“蒸汽+N_2辅助”、“蒸汽+C0_2辅 助＂、“蒸汽+表面活性剂+CO_2+N_2辅助”方案各自的最佳组合比例。分别为CO_2注入量越多，增油效 果越好，N_2与蒸汽最佳气液比为0.8，表面活性剂最佳浓度为0.7%。研究结果可为目标油藏及其他同类 型油藏的化学辅助蒸汽吞吐驱油提供参考依据。
三角洲前缘截削式水下分流河道砂体油藏单井控制水锥研究

辫状河三角洲前缘截削式水下分流河道砂体内部层次复杂。针对东营凹陷新立村油田沙二段辫状 河三角洲前缘水下分流河道砂体油藏，在岩心观察的基础上，结合粒度分析资料和室内渗透率测试资料，对整个断块所有井进行测井二次解释处理，对水下分流河道砂体平面分布形态和渗透率分布特征做了研 究；并以A8-7井为例建立单井地质模型，进行室内数值模拟计算研究，在实践中取得了较好的增油效 果，以期提高底水油藏的单井采收率水平。
川西坳陷XS地区河道砂体预测研究

河道砂体储层具有高孔高渗特征，是重要的油气储层，但河道砂体又具有规模小、横向变化快的 特点，常规方法难以预测。以川西坳陷XS地区蓬莱镇组为例，研究河道砂体储层三维可视化预测方法，达到从可视化角度对该类储层进行准确预测的目的。测井研究表明，该区河道砂体具有较好的孔渗性和 低自然伽马、低密度、高声波时差的测井特征，在地震剖面中河道砂体储层具有“低频、强振幅、短轴 状”的地震响应特征。以此为基础，利用三维可视化浏览方式，发现了蓬莱镇组发育多套河道砂体储层，从三维可视化的立体和平面图上可以清晰地分析河道砂体的空间分布特征和规模，为井位部署、开发方 案的确定提供了形象生动的依据。
全过程欠平衡钻井关键技术及在沙特MTLH-1井的现场实践

介绍了全过程欠平衡钻井的关键技术和关键配套设备。在沙特MTLH-1井全过程欠平衡钻井实践中进行了设备优选，配套了性能可靠的关键设备，为全过程实施欠平衡钻井作业提供了基础。同时进行了欠平衡钻井关键参数设计与计算，为钻井参数、钻井方式、钻井液性能等的设计与选择提供了施工依据。在施工中，成功应用了全过程欠平衡钻井的关键技术，实现了钻进、取心、起下钻、测井以及测试等全过程的欠平衡，有效保护了油气层。沙特MTLH-1井全过程欠平衡钻井关键技术的成功应用，对该地区的勘探开发具有重要意义。
湖北松滋刘家场地区早奥陶世含礁层序岩相及沉积环境

松滋刘家场地区下奥陶统包括南津关组、分乡组和红花园组，其岩性主要由砂屑灰岩、生物屑灰岩、泥晶灰岩、页岩和礁灰岩组成。根据岩性及其组合特征，将含礁地层划分为流水成因的颗粒岩岩相、复成因的泥晶灰岩岩相、生物成因的礁灰岩岩相、生物化学成因的叠层石灰岩岩相和复合成因的粉晶白云岩和页岩岩相5大类型，共计15小种。它们构成了局限台地相、开阔台地相和台地生物礁相共3种岩相组合，并由下而上有规律地形成碳酸盐台地相序列。
克拉玛依油田六中区洪积扇储层流动单元评价

对克拉玛依油田六中区克下组洪积扇砂砾岩储层进行流动单元评价研究，对该油藏的进一步开发具有重要的指导意义。通过对油井初期产能数据与储层参数相关性分析，优选存储系数、渗流系数为流动单元分类的参数，并采用模糊数学方法，将研究区流动单元分为I类、Ⅱ类、Ⅲ类、Ⅳ类共4类流动单元。I类流动单元储渗性能最好，极易形成水窜；Ⅱ类流动单元次之，含水上升较快，水淹较严重；Ⅲ类流动单元水线推进较慢，见水时间较晚，含水较低；Ⅳ类流动单元驱油效率最低，弱水淹。对不同沉积微相类型、岩石相类型的储层流动单元质量分析表明，岩石相更能反映该区储层质量差异，与流动单元类型有更好的对应关系。小一细砾岩相、粗砂岩相流动单元质量最好，中砾岩相、中砂岩相次之，细一粉砂岩相较差，泥质砾岩相流动单元质量最差。
老年人良性前列腺增生/下尿路症状药物治疗共识

良性前列腺增生(benign prostatic hyperplasi- a, BPH)是导致老年男性排尿障碍最常见的一种 良性疾病。组织学表现为前列腺间质和腺体成分 增生;解剖学表现为前列腺体积增大;临床症状以 下尿路症状(lower urinary tract symptoms, LUTS)为主和尿动力学上的膀胱出口梗阻(blad- der outlet obstruction, BOO)~[1]。
打造全区数字化血液平台提高临床输血安全

根据以上的情况分析,搭建全区统一的血液数据处理中 心平台，建立三级联网系统，充分利用联网的优势不仅可以 使全区血液数据达到共享，而且还可以对全区血液资源进行 统一管理、统一调配，合理有效的使用血液这个宝贵资源。同 时对献血服务及献血者管理都有很大的促进作用。这将对我 区的无偿献血事业以及提高临床安全输血具有重要意义。
Uncertainty principle in larmor clock

It is well known that the spin operators of a quantum particle must obey uncertainty relations. We use the uncertainty principle to study the Larmor clock. To avoid breaking the uncertainty principle, Larmor time can be defined as the ratio of the phase difference between a spin-up particle and a spin-down particle to the corresponding Larmor frequency. The connection between the dwell time and the Larmor time has also been confirmed. Moreover, the results show that the behavior of the Larmor time depends on the height and width of the barrier.
Internal friction peak associated with dislocations in Mg-0.6%Zr alloy

The internal friction (IF) of Mg-0.6%Zr alloy is measured in the present study and two IF peaks of (P_1(97℃, 1 Hz) and P_2(230℃, 1Hz)) are found, respectively. It is shown that the novel P_1 peak is frequency independent and the peak temperature increased with the increase of strain amplitude or heating rate. P1 peak could be repressed by the reheating-up measurements and represented by heat treatment. The mechanism of P1 peak is clarified by optical microscope (OM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) observation, and considered to be caused by the creation and expansion of dislocations during plastic deformation. The P_2 peak is a thermally activated relaxation IF peak, and activation energy is 1.46 eV, which is caused by the relaxation of the grain boundaries in Mg-0.6%Zr alloy.
Bmi-1蛋白在胃癌组织中的表达及其与胃癌患者术后生存的相关性

胃癌发病与原癌基因的高表达有密切的相关性。多梳基因(PcG)家族由多种与细胞周期和增殖相关的转录抑制子组成, 是一类重要的与发育相关的基因。Bmi-1基因是PcG基因家族的成员之一(1), 可协同c-myc基因共同促进细胞转化和肿瘤形成, 使肿瘤细胞逃逸凋亡(2)。目前证实Bmi-1基因在多种肿瘤中均呈高表达(3), 且与患者预后有关。本文拟研究Bmi-1基因在胃癌组织中的表达及其与胃癌患者术后生存的相关性。
依帕司他治疗糖尿病周围神经病变60例临床分析

糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)是一种持续高糖引起的退行性神经病变。其中, 轴突萎缩、髓鞘脱失在临床上能够采用神经传导速度进行评估。在高糖环境中, 未成熟的退行性神经元的异常激动导致自发性疼痛、麻木和感觉异常, 这些典型临床表现极大地损害绝大多数病人的生活质量。糖尿病神经病变的进展可能导致足部溃疡、截肢。醛糖还原酶抑制剂(ARI)目前作为一种糖尿病神经病变治疗手段受到了极大关注, 并且发展出了许多药物(1)。本研究通过观察电生理学指标以及症状疗效, 与甲钴胺治疗做比较, 研究依帕司他(唐林)治疗DPN的疗效。
甘草酸对氧化应激、细胞凋亡的影响及其对糖尿病肾病大鼠的疗效

目的研究氧化应激导致的细胞凋亡与糖尿病肾病(DN)的关系, 探讨中药甘草酸对氧化应激和细胞凋亡的影响及其作用机制, 为DN的防治提供理论和实验依据。方法雄性Wistar大鼠40只, 随机平均分为4组, 正常对照组、糖尿病模型组、糖尿病α-硫辛酸(10 mg·kg~(-1)· d~(-1))治疗组、糖尿病甘草酸(30 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1))治疗组, 除正常对照外, 其余大鼠腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(60 mg/kg)诱发糖尿病。16 w后, 处死大鼠, 分离肾脏, 测定组织丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平变化, 观察bcl-2、bax的表达, 取部分肾皮质病理观察和电镜观察肾脏细胞凋亡形态学改变。结果与正常对照组相比, 糖尿病模型组肾脏皮质MDA水平明显升高(P＜0.001), SOD活性明显降低(P＜0.001), α-硫辛酸治疗组、甘草酸治疗组MDA水平明显下降, SOD活性明显升高: 糖尿病模型组肾脏bcl-2表达减少、bax蛋白表达增加, 电镜观察示明显凋亡形态学改变, α-硫辛酸治疗组、甘草酸治疗组的bcl-2蛋白表达较糖尿病模型组增多, 而bax蛋白表达较糖尿病模型组减少, 电镜观察凋亡形态学改变减轻: 糖尿病模型组肾小球基底膜增厚, 系膜区域扩大, 治疗组病变减轻。结论通过调节bax、bcl-2的表达抑制细胞凋亡, 明显改善DN大鼠肾脏结构与功能, 延缓其发展: 与α-硫辛酸无差异, 且价格低、副作用少, 值得临床推荐应用。
痰热清注射液对老年支气管肺炎患者T细胞亚群及NK细胞的影响

目的探讨痰热清注射液对老年支气管肺炎的疗效以及对T细胞亚群及NK细胞的影响。方法2009年1月至2010年12月本院呼吸科就诊的老年支气管肺炎患者156例随机分为治疗组和对照组。对照组进行常规基础综合治疗, 治疗组在基础综合治疗的基础上给予痰热清注射液。两组疗程均为10 d。试验前后应用流式细胞仪测定患者的T淋巴细胞亚群和NK细胞的变化, 并且比较两组患者的疗效。结果治疗后对照组和治疗组发热、咳嗽、气喘、啰音和肺部X线阴影症状发生率以及症状持续时间均较治疗前显著降低(P＜0.01), 并且组间比较差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.01, P＜0.05)。治疗后两组患者CD3~+、CD3~+CD4~+CD8~-、CD4~+/CD8~+和NK细胞均显著升高, CD3~+CD4~-CD8~+细胞显著降低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01), 并且组间比较差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05或P＜0.01)。结论痰热清注射液治疗老年支气管肺炎效果良好, 并且可能通过作用T细胞亚群及NK细胞提高机体免疫力。
血清IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α表达与急性脑梗死损伤的相关性

目的探讨急性脑梗死患者血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、IL-8、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)水平的动态变化在急性脑梗死发病机制中的作用以及临床意义。方法应用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法检测49例急性脑梗死患者发病1、4、7、14 d的血清IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α水平, 并与对照组进行比较分析。结果观察组患者发病第1天血清IL-6、IL-8水平即明显高于对照组(P＜0.01), 第4天达峰值((19.53±5.25)、(3.20±1.05)μg/L), 之后逐渐下降, 第14天水平仍明显高于对照组(P＜0.05)。血清TNF-α水平在第1天即达峰值((59.38±14.37)μg/L), 在1~14 d始终明显高于对照组(P＜0.05)。发病后第1天及第4天血清IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α水平均与梗死体积呈正相关(r=0.373, P＜0.05: r=0.541, P＜0.01: r=0.646, P＜0.01: r=0.305, P＜0.05)。结论IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α水平的增高程度与神经功能缺损程度及梗死体积大小密切相关, 临床检测有助于急性脑梗死的临床诊断及脑损害程度的评估。
一期后前路联合手术治疗老年颈椎后纵韧带骨化症合并脊髓型颈椎病的疗效

目的探讨一期后前路联合手术治疗合并脊髓型颈椎病的老年颈椎后纵韧带骨化症的临床疗效。方法选择2009年3月至2011年3月吉林大学第二医院骨科收治的合并脊髓型颈椎病的老年颈椎后纵韧带骨化症患者17例, 一期采用后路双开门椎管扩大成形术和前路髓核摘除椎体次全切骨化物切除钛网植骨钛板内固定术, 术后随访3~24个月, 采用JOA评分, Nurick分级及X线检查评估疗效。结果所有患者均得到随访, 平均随访时间14.5个月, 术后JOA评分从术前的(7.5±1.3)分提高到(15.8±0.7)分(P＜0.05): Nurick分级从术前的(3.2±1.4)级改善到术后的(0.6±1.1)级(P＜0.05): X线检查表明所有病例在术后3个月植骨得到不同程度的融合。结论一期后前路联合手术是治疗合并脊髓型颈椎病的老年颈椎后纵韧带骨化症的有效方法。
骨科内置物感染葡萄球菌的研究进展

目前临床上对骨科内置物感染的诊断与治疗仍有困难, 探讨早期明确诊断、有效抗生素的选择将有助于内置物感染的治疗。另外, 对抑制和预防葡萄球菌生物膜形成的深入研究、开发新型内置物材料和发展新型抗生素类药物将有助于临床对内置物感染葡萄球菌的预防和治疗。
乳腺导管原位癌综合治疗进展

乳腺导管原位癌（ductal carcinoma in situ，DCIS）在组织学上定义为癌细胞累及上皮全层，尚未突破基底膜而仅局限在导管内的恶性肿瘤~([1])。自20世纪80年代以来，随着乳腺X射线检查技术不断进步，使临床不可触及的乳腺癌，尤其是DCIS检出率明显增加，DCIS占所有乳腺癌的比例可高达25%~33%~([2])，引起学界广泛重视。本文就其临床治疗进展做一综述。
2011年St.Gallen国际乳腺癌治疗专家共识相关问题解读

第12届St.Gallen国际乳腺癌会议于2011-03-19在瑞士闭幕，共有来自96个国家和地区的4300名学者与会。早期乳腺癌的2011年St.Gallen国际专家治疗共识已于2011-06-27发布于欧洲肿瘤内科学会会刊“Annal of Oncology”~([1])。St.Gallen国际乳腺癌治疗专家共识作为指导临床实践的重要参考，每两年更新一次。2007年该共识提出根据病人年龄、肿瘤大小、组织学分级、淋巴结转移数目、激素受体、人表皮生长因子受体2（HER-2）状态、有无脉管浸润分为高危、中危、低危三个级别，提出了激素依赖性、激素部分依赖性和非激素依赖性的概念，根据HER-2的状态和激素依赖的状态选择辅助治疗方案~([2])。2009年共识中，未再提及危险度，而指出病人年龄、组织学分级、1~3个淋巴结转移和肿瘤增殖指数并不再是决定接受辅助化疗的重要参考因素~([3])。2011年共识重要改变之一，是基于对乳腺癌生物学亚型认识的深入，采用了按照乳腺癌分类来进行治疗决策的新方法。
匹多莫德对哮喘患儿血清IL-4、IFN-γ、IgE及肺功能的影响

目的观察匹多莫德对哮喘患儿血清IL-4、IFN-γ、IgE及肺功能的影响。方法选择2010年2月-2011年2月于我院治疗的哮喘临床缓解期患儿80例, 随机分为对照组和观察组, 每组40例。对照组吸入布地奈德, 同时口服孟鲁斯特: 观察组在对照组基础上口服匹多莫德片: 30 d后比较两组患儿血清IL-4、IFN-γ、IgE及肺功能的变化。结果观察组IL-4和IgE均明显低于治疗前及对照组治疗后(P＜0.05): IFN-γ明显高于治疗前及对照组治疗后(P＜0.05)。结论匹多莫德能够调节IL-4、IFN-γ比例, 降低IgE水平, 对预防哮喘发作起积极作用。
吸取巨灾教训重塑工程地质--2011年全国工程地质学术年会总结

2011年的学术年会主题是“地震灾区重建的重大工程地质问题”, 自2008年以来, 发生了三次巨大地质与地震灾害, 它的识别、应急与重建带来了一系列问题, 受到了大家的高度关注和积极响应, 共收到投稿论文170余篇, 经专委会组织评审, 29篇论文进入《工程地质学报》2011年第4期, 另有94篇论文编入《工程地质学报》增刊, 参会报到人数达到了450多人, 为近年来工程地质的一次盛会。青海省非常重视这次会议, 全国政协常委、省政协副主席马志伟同志、省国土资源厅、省地质勘查局等有关部门的领导出席了开幕式。青海省电视台等地方媒体, 以及中央电视台、国土资源报、中国地质调查局官方网站等全国性媒体都对会议进行了报道。
Optimal maintenance decisions for gamma deteriorating systems

An optimal replacement model for gamma deteriorating systems is studied.This methodology uses a gamma distribution to model the material degradation, and the impact of imperfect maintenance actions on the system reliability is investigated.The state of a degrading system immediately after the imperfect maintenance action is assumed as a random variable and the maintenance time follows a geometric process. A maintenance policy(N) is applied by which the system will be repaired whenever it experiences Nth preventive maintenance(PM), and an optimal policy(N*)could be determined numerically or analytically for minimizing the long-run average cost per unit time.Finally, a numerical example is presented to demonstrate the use of this policy.
Delay-dependent exponential stability of impulsive stochastic systems with time-varying delay

The problem of delay-dependent exponential stability is investigated for impulsive stochastic systems with time-varying delay.Although the exponential stability of impulsive stochastic delay systems has been discussed by several authors, few works have been done on delay-dependent exponential stability of impulsive stochastic delay systems.Firstly, the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional method combing the free-weighting matrix approach is applied to investigate this problem.Some delay-dependent mean square exponential stability criteria are derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities. In particular, the estimate of the exponential convergence rate is also provided, which depends on system parameters and impulsive effects. The obtained results show that the system will stable if the impulses'frequency and amplitude are suitably related to the increase or decrease of the continuous flows, and impulses may be used as controllers to stabilize the underlying stochastic system.Numerical examples are given to show the effectiveness of the results.
Doppler spectral analysis for time-evolving sea surfaces using second-order small slope approximation

The second-order small slope approximation(SSA2) method is introduced to study the Doppler characteristics from time-evolving sea surfaces.Simulation results show better agreement between the SSA2 model and the numerical method for both vertical and horizontal polarizations, meaning that SSA2 gives a satisfactory prediction of the spectral difference between two polarizations; while such discrepancy cannot be captured using the lowest-order SSA(SSA1)model. In particular, the Doppler shifts and spectral widths for different incident angles, wind directions and polarizations are analyzed, demonstrating correct variations with respect to such parameters.Those observations prove that the SSA2 provides an efficient and relatively fast tool for sea surface Doppler spectral analysis.