mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Sub-lethal effects of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) on field populations of the potato tuberworm Phthorimaea operculella Zeller in China

The potato tuberworm Phthorimaea operculella Zeller, is one of the most important potato pests worldwide including China. Several reports indicate that P. operculella could be controlled biologically by the use of beneficial fungus such as Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv) Vuill. However, limited information is available under growing conditions in China. Thus, this study evaluated the sub-lethal effects of B. bassiana on the offspring of P. operculella by the age-stage, two-sex life table. First instar larva of P. operculella were treated with 1×10~7 conidia mL~(–1) of the fungus, and several biological parameters were evaluated. The fecundity, duration of the egg stage, all larval stages, pre-adult stage, and total pre-oviposition period, were significantly shorter than the control treatment. Offspring of treated parents, presented a net reproductive rate and mean generation time of 17.43 per day and 24.98 days, respectively, compared to 65.79 per day and 26.51 days for the untreated ones. This study provides basic information to help understanding the potential long-term effects of entomopathogenic fungi on P. operculella.
Structure and expression analysis of the sucrose synthase gene family in apple

Sucrose synthases (SUS) are a family of enzymes that play pivotal roles in carbon partitioning, sink strength and plant development. A total of 11 SUS genes have been identified in the genome of Malus domestica (MdSUSs), and phylogenetic analysis revealed that the MdSUS genes were divided into three groups, named as SUS I, SUS II and SUS III, respectively. The SUS I and SUS III groups included four homologs each, whereas the SUS II group contained three homologs. SUS genes in the same group showed similar structural characteristics, such as exon number, size and length distribution. After assessing four different tissues, MdSUS1s and MdSUS2.1 showed the highest expression in fruit, whereas MdSUS2.2/2.3 and MdSUS3s exhibit the highest expression in shoot tips. Most MdSUSs showed decreased expression during fruit development, similar to SUS enzyme activity, but both MdSUS2.1 and MdSUS1.4 displayed opposite expression profiles. These results suggest that different MdSUS genes might play distinct roles in the sink-source sugar cycle and sugar utilization in apple sink tissues.
Response of yield increase for dryland winter wheat to tillage practice during summer fallow and sowing method in the Loess Plateau of China

Soil moisture is the most critical limiting factor impacting yields of dryland winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and it is strongly affected by tillage practice and sowing methods. This study was to assess the link between sowing method and tillage practice during summer fallow and their subsequent effect on soil moisture and grain yield. Furthermore, we sought to identify a more appropriate farming management practice for winter wheat production in Loess Plateau region of China. The experiment was conducted from 2011 to 2013, using a two-factor split plot design, including subsoiling (SS) or no tillage (NT) during summer fallow for main plots, and conventional drill sowing (DS) or plastic film drill sowing (FM) for subplots. Results showed that the maximum soil water storage (SWS) was under SS×FM treatment with values of 649.1 mm (2011–2012) and 499.4 mm (2012–2013). The SWS during the 2011–2012 growing season were 149.7 mm higher than that in the 2012–2013 growing season. And adoption of SS×FM significantly increased precipitation use efficiency (PUE) and water use efficiency (WUE) compared to other treatments for both seasons. Moreover, adoption of SS×FM significantly increased yield by 13.1, 14.4, 47.3 %and 25.9, 39.1, 35.7 %than other three treatments during the two growing seasons, respectively. In summary, combining subsoiling during summer fallow with plastic film drill sowing (SS×FM) increased SWS at sowing and effectively improved WUE, thus representing a feasible technology to improve grain yield of dryland winter wheat in the Loess Plateau of China.
Maize-soybean strip intercropping: Achieved a balance between high productivity and sustainability

Intercropping is one of the most vital practice to improve land utilization rate in China that has limited arable land resource. However, the traditional intercropping systems have many disadvantages including illogical field lay-out of crops, low economic value, and labor deficiency, which cannot balance the crop production and agricultural sustainability. In view of this, we developed a novel soybean strip intercropping model using maize as the partner, the regular maize-soybean strip intercropping mainly popularized in northern China and maize-soybean relay-strip intercropping principally extended in southwestern China. Compared to the traditional maize-soybean intercropping systems, the main innovation of field lay-out style in our present intercropping systems is that the distance of two adjacent maize rows are shrunk as a narrow strip, and a strip called wide strip between two adjacent narrow strips is expanded reserving for the growth of two or three rows of soybean plants. The distance between outer rows of maize and soybean strips are expanded enough for light use efficiency improvement and tractors working in the soybean strips. Importantly, optimal cultivar screening and increase of plant density achieved a high yield of both the two crops in the intercropping systems and increased land equivalent ratio as high as 2.2. Annually alternative rotation of the adjacent maize- and soybean-strips increased the grain yield of next seasonal maize, improved the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potasium of maize, while prevented the continuous cropping obstacles. Extra soybean production was obtained without affecting maize yield in our strip intercropping systems, which balanced the high crop production and agricultural sustainability.
高血压药物素养的研究现状

据世界卫生组织报道,中国2014年死于心血管病的患者占死亡总数的45%,50%的脑卒中可归因于高血压。因此,预防及控制高血压是降低其他心脑血管病发生率和死亡率的关键。药物治疗作为目前高血压治疗的五大处方之首,在高血压的控制中发挥着极为重要的作用,然而,据世界卫生组织报道,目前慢性病患者中用药依从性较好的只有50%,药物使用的复杂性则是高血压患者依从性不良的原因之一。患者药物知识的匮乏、用药信念的不坚定导致其忽视了正确、规律用药对病情控制的重要性,造成不良的用药行为,即药物素养低下成为高血压疾病控制的一大障碍。"药物素养"这一名词的衍生是为了描述患者对药物正确理解及处理的能力。本文介绍了高血压患者药物素养的研究现状,并提出了应对策略,旨在为今后高血压患者药物素养的研究提供参考。
远隔缺血预适应对动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血应用的研究进展

缺血预适应(ischemic preconditioning, IPC)由Murry等[1]于1986年首先提出,指预先给予一个器官短暂、非致死性的轻度缺血处理后,器官组织会对以后致死性的缺血产生耐受。1993年,Przyklenk等[2]提出了远隔器官IPC,即一个器官的短暂缺血会诱导另一个器官产生缺血适应。近年来,动物实验及临床研究显示,远隔缺血预适应(remote ischemic preconditioning,RIPC)对缺血性卒中具有保护作用,已成为卒中治疗中的研究热点[3-4]。对于中枢神经系统而言,由于神经元对缺血极其敏感,短暂的缺血和缺氧即可造成永久性损伤。因此,在神经系统原位实施IPC风险过高,而RIPC能满足针对神经系统缺血保护的需要。IPC在缺血性脑血管病治疗方面的应用研究较多,并且在出血性脑血管病治疗方面的研究亦已开展,如蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)后继发性缺血性神经损伤,是影响预后的重要因素,部分动脉瘤性SAH患者出现缺血性卒中症状,甚至发生致残性的脑梗死。若能早期采用有效措施预防脑梗死的发生,可有效改善患者预后。笔者对RIPC的作用机制及近年来在SAH中的研究进展综述如下。
湖南长沙汉族人群25个Y-STR基因座的遗传多态性

STR检验已经成为法医DNA鉴定的常规手段。我国已经建成世界上最大的可疑犯罪人群常染色体STR数据库,库容量约4 300万。然而,由于我国城镇化和交通建设快速发展带动人口流动频繁,导致跨省市、跨区域犯罪率大幅提高,实际犯罪侦查破案中经常不能直接比中犯罪嫌疑人。近年来,Y染色体STR数据库发展迅速,且为案件侦破提供了较大的帮助。湖南省长沙市近年来也启动了Y-STR数据库的建设。本研究通过对五代居住在长沙本地的汉族男性无关个体25个Y-STR基因座的遗传多态性进行调查,为相关鉴定和Y-STR数据库建设提供客观的基础数据。
精索扭转误诊医疗损害2例

医疗行为之后患者发生的损害后果,往往不是单一的致害因素造成的,而是多种因素造成的。根据医疗过错行为与损害后果的关联程度不同,将医疗过错原因力分为5个等级:完全作用(损害结果完全由医疗过错行为造成)、主要作用(损害结果主要由医疗过错行为造成,其他因素起次要作用)、同等作用(损害结果由医疗过错行为和其他因素共同造成,二者作用大致相等)、次要作用(损害结果主要由其他因素造成,医疗过错行为起次要作用)、轻微作用(损害结果绝大部分由其他因素造成,医疗过错行为起轻微作用)。案例1中患者损害结果主要由自身疾病导致,医方的误诊导致患者丧失了及时接受治疗的机会,增加了患者痛苦,医疗过错起轻微作用。案例2中患者损害结果主要由自身疾病导致,甲医院的误诊导致患者丧失了治愈的机会,医疗过错起次要作用;乙医院误诊导致患者丧失了及时接受治疗的机会,增加了患者的痛苦,医疗过错起轻微作用。
胃窦部血管球瘤超声表现1例

总之,胃血管球瘤十分罕见,其超声表现具有一定特异性,超声造影对胃血管球瘤的诊断及了解周边胃壁结构具有重要价值,为临床诊治提供依据,但确诊还需病理及免疫组化;胃血管球瘤极少数具有恶性可能,故临床上行肿块切除预后良好。
肺动脉多形性平滑肌肉瘤一例

通过本例患者,结合熊长明等的经验,总结: (1)起病隐匿,起病急说明肿块生长快; (2)伴发热、食欲减退、贫血及体重下降等全身表现; (3)无血栓形成的危险因素及下肢静脉血栓; (4) D-二聚体阴性或轻度升高; (5) CTPA表现为主肺动脉及左、右肺动脉甚至右心室流出道大块充盈缺损,多为完全性,肿块密度不均,边界不规则,可见分叶或分隔现象,如有管腔外浸润影,表现为“蚀壁征”; (6)抗凝治疗无效或加重。此外,相当多PAS的患者曾接受抗凝甚至溶栓的治疗,D-二聚体水平可以用于评价早期溶栓的效果,动态观察溶栓前后D-二聚体的变化有助于早期识别溶栓效果不好的患者,进而可以更早地考虑到PAS的诊断。
Achievement of high performance of sintered R-Fe-B magnets based on misch metal doped with PrNd nanoparticles

The magnetic properties and microstructure of sintered R-Fe-B(R, rare earth) magnets with nominal composition of((PrNd) _(1-x)MM_x)_(30)Fe_(bal)B _1(x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.7; MM, misch metal) prepared using dual-alloy method were investigated. For x = 0.3, the maximum energy product((BH)_(max)) of the sintered magnet is higher than 318.4 kJ·m~(-3), but intrinsic coercivity(H_(cj)) is lower than 351.8 kA·m~(-1). The La and Ce contents are obviously different in some matrix-phase grains, which proves that the multi-hard magnetic phases(La, Ce-rich and La, Ce-lean) exist in the magnets. The coercivity is improved by the method of doping PrNd nanoparticles without sacrificing other magnetic properties. An enhancement in coercivity from 517.2 to 872.9 kA·m~(-1) is achieved by doping 5 wt% PrNd nanoparticles. Meanwhile, it could exhibit better magnetic properties(remanence Br = 1.332 T, intrinsic coercivity H_(cj) = 872.9 kA·m~(-1), maximum energy product(BH)_(max) = 318.6 kJ·m~(-3)) and make the distribution of the intergranular phase become more homogeneous.
碘-131治疗诱发疑似Takotsubo心肌病一例

目前,碘-131治疗诱发Takotsubo心肌病国内外鲜有报道,由于个体对碘-131治疗的敏感性存在差异,因此其心血管风险不容忽视,治疗前应充分评估患者对碘-131治疗的敏感程度,并制定个体化治疗方案。
经前期头痛案

本医案中治疗经前期头痛,以调冲要穴上巨虚、下巨虚作为主穴,旨在以调理冲脉为本,针刺过程中亦见上巨虚、下巨虚处的出血现象与头痛程度密切相关。太溪为肾经原穴,肓俞在肚脐旁开0.5寸处,归肾经,肚脐深处是人体元气所聚之处,两穴均为补肾要穴。三阴交为足三阴经的交会穴,是治疗妇科病的常用穴位,可健脾益血、调补肝肾、活血通络。配穴除各自功效之外,穴位所在之处亦是冲脉循行之处,故又有调节冲脉的作用。《灵枢·官能》载:“先得其道,稀而踈之⋯⋯”告诉我们针刺取穴宜少而精,以上针刺处方,共5穴10针,针对冲脉失调的主要病机,结合四海理论,以上巨虚、下巨虚为主穴调冲降逆,随证配太溪、肓俞、三阴交以补肾、养血、通络,兼以调冲,辨证清晰,取效迅捷。
南方某地区水体抗生素含量及风险评估

水环境中残留的抗生素对生态环境和人体健康存在潜在危害.近年来,国内外关于抗生素污染特征研究多集中于地表水和污水处理厂等水环境中,而同时针对水源水、出厂水等供水体系抗生素风险情况的研究相对较少.本文利用固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法调查了南方某地区氯霉素(CAP)、四环素(TC)、土霉素(OTC)、诺氟沙星(NOR)、脱水红霉素(ERY-H_2 O)、罗红霉素(ROX)、阿莫西林(AMOX)、青霉素G(PEN-G)和头孢拉定(CFD)等9种抗生素的含量水平,揭示该地区供水系统中抗生素的污染现状和分布特征.同时,本文分别采用风险商值法(RQ)和蒙特卡罗法评价了9种抗生素在水源水中的生态风险和在出厂水对人体健康风险.结果表明,该地区水源水脱水红霉素含量较高,浓度在200—600 ng·L~(-1)间,出厂水中脱水红霉素含量水平比水源水低.而其余8种抗生素在水源水和出厂水中均含量较低.风险评价结果显示:所有被测抗生素风险RQ值均小于1,说明该地区水源水、出厂水抗生素风险危害处于较低水平.但不同水源水和出厂水最大风险指标均指向脱水红霉素,说明脱水红霉素是该地区主要的风险抗生素之一.
Theoretical Study on the Mechanism of a New Synthesis Reaction of 1,3,5-Substituted-1,2,4-triazoles by Carboxylic Acids, Amidines, and Hydrazines

The synthesis of 1,3,5-substituted-1,2,4-triazoles from α-imino-3-pyridine formic acid, acetamidine and anisole hydrazine as a model reaction in this paper and the synthesis mechanism of 1,3,5-substituted-1,2,4-triazole compounds from carboxylic acids, amidines and hydrazines have been first investigated with the B3LYP/6-311++G** method. According to the potential energy profile, it can be predicted that the course of the reaction consists of five reactions containing six elementary reactions. The α-imino-3-pyridine formic acid and acetamidine form first an intermediate product through a dehydration reaction; the intermediate product further combines with hydrogen ion to form a positive ion; the positive ion reacts with anisole hydrazine by a dehydration reaction to form another positive ion; then, followed by two isomerization reactions, the final reaction with the acetate ion (Ac~-) produces the final product. The research results reveal the laws of synthesis reaction of 1,3,5-substituted-1,2,4-triazoles by the carboxylic acids, amidines, hydrazines and their derivatives on theoretical level. It provides the systemic theoretical basis for the synthesis, development and application of 1,3,5-substituted-1,2,4- triazole compounds.
Grazing and performance of the copepod Pseudodiaptomus poplesia on a Chinese strain of Aureococcus anophagefferens

Brown tides have recurred in estuary areas globally,but trophic interactions between the causative species Aureococcus anophagefferens and planktonic copepods remain poorly understood.In this study,we investigated performance (ingestion,growth,development and reproduction) of the planktonic copepod,Pseudodiaptomus poplesia,offered either mono-algal or mixed-algal diets containing a Chinese strain of A.anophagefferens.A typical Michaelis-Menten pattern existed between ingestion rate and food level when copepod fed on the monoalgal diet of this species.Nauplii exhibited the highest maximum ingestion rate (I_(max)) than copepodids and adult females.In addition,I_(max) value was higher in nauplii feeding on A.anophagefferens than on Skeletonema costatum.When fed mixtures of A.anophagefferens and S.costatum,P.poplesia selected against A.anophagefferens cells,but less strongly at the naupliar stage.Nauplii did not undergo metamorphosis and died at late naupliar stages feeding on A.anophagefferens alone,similar to those under starvation.Furthermore,the presence of A.anophagefferens greatly reduced the reproduction rate of females in mixtures but did not influence the growth rate of copepodids.These results suggest that P.poplesia nauplii may exert grazing pressure on A.anophagefferens population during a brown tide,which,however,may not be persistent because of copepod population decline.
Wen Tong: 5G will be the neural network of the physical world

Smart phones,video, computer games, social platforms and mobile payments have dramatically changed our daily lives in the past 10 years. Behind the rise of the internet industry, fourth-generation (4G) network technology played an instrumental role. According to the plans of major communications companies and the global standardization organization 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project), the next generation of wireless network technology (5G) will start to be commercially used before 2020. What will be the technological improvements in performance of SG comparing with 4G? Would 5G be similarly transformative? In a recent interview with NSR, Huawcis Chief 5G scientist, Wen Tong, talked about these topics, as well as about the transformation of Chinas communications industry from a technology follower in the eras of3G and 4G to one of the leadingforces behind 5G. Weijie Zhao is a news editor in NSR editorial office based in Beijing.
Metamaterials: artificial materials beyond nature

Research in advanced materials is continuously driving modern technologies forward. For example, semiconductors have laid the foundation for today's electronics industry. While constantly searching for new materials in nature, another approach is to craft novel composite materials beyond the naturally available properties. This is accomplished by directly designing the arrangement of the ‘atoms' into a desired architecture or geometry, instead of chemical compositions in natural materials. This new type of artificial material is called metamaterial-a new frontier of science, which first emerged in the field of optics and photonics. In the past two decades, we have witnessed an explosion of the meta-concept, bending the fundamental rules of light. This consequently realized the full exploitation of dielectric and metallic properties in the permittivity-permeability plane, leading to unique optical effects,such as negative optical refractive index and superlenses. These intriguing light-matter interaction behaviors, enabled by metamaterials, provide the further prospect of new functional photonic technology. This technology has a strong impact on our life, ranging from highly integrated photonics circuits, energy-efficient light sources, subdiffraction-limited optical imaging, environmental and healthcare sensing, etc.
Modular Design Method for Motor Drives

This paper introduces the concept of modular design methodology for hardware design and development of motor drives. The modular design process is first introduced separating the hardware development into three parts: controller, mother board and phase-leg module. The control and circuit function can be decoupled from the phase-leg module development. The hardware update can be simplified with the phase-leg module development and verification. Two design examples are used to demonstrate this method: a DC-fed motor drive with Si IGBTs and an AC-fed motor drive with SiC devices. Design of DC-fed motor drive aims at developing the converter with customized IGBT package for high temperature. Experience with development of the converter with commercial IGBTs simplifies the process. As the AC-fed motor drive is a more complex topology using more advanced devices, the modular design method can simplify and improve the development especially for new packaged devices. Also, the modular design method can help to study the electromagnetic interference (EMI) issue for motor drives, which is presented with an extra design example.
Variable-Flux Outer-Rotor Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for In-Wheel Direct-Drive Applications

In-wheel direct-drive is the most efficient driving mode for electric vehicles, and it is the trend for applications in the future. In this paper, a novel variable-flux outer-rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor with a hybrid magnetic structure design is developed. Due to the hybrid magnetic pole with Nd-Fe-B and Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet(PM), the air-gap flux can be adjusted by changing the magnetization states of Al-Ni-Co PM, which is beneficial to realize a wide range of speeds and loads from the electromagnetic structure design. Firstly, basic structure features of the motor and the flux-adjusting principle are introduced. The design and calculation method of the PM dimensions is derived based on magnetic circuit analysis. Then the Preisach hysteresis model of Al-Ni-Co PM is described and is adopted to analyze the motor performance with the coupling of the time step finite element method(FEM), and the magnetization are investigated. Finally, the operational performance of the proposed motor is obtained by simulation, which verifies the design.
A Novel Design of Hybrid Energy Storage System for Electric Vehicles

In order to provide long distance endurance and ensure the minimization of a cost function for electric vehicles, a new hybrid energy storage system for electric vehicle is designed in this paper. For the hybrid energy storage system, the paper proposes an optimal control algorithm designed using a Li-ion battery power dynamic limitation rule-based control based on the SOC of the super-capacitor. At the same time, the magnetic integration technology adding a second-order Bessel low-pass filter is introduced to DC-DC converters of electric vehicles. As a result, the size of battery is reduced, and the power quality of the hybrid energy storage system is optimized. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by simulation and experiment.
Specifications of Targeting Heterochromatin Modifications in Plants

Plants encode a diverse repertoire of DNA methyltransferases that have specialized to target cytosines for methylation in specific sequence contexts. These include the de novo methyltransferase, DOMAINS REARRANGED METHYLTRANSFERASE 2 (DRM2),which methylates cytosines in all sequence contexts through an RNA-guided process, the CHROMOMETHYLASES (CMTs), which methylate CHH and CHG cytosines (where H is A, T,or C),and METHYLTRANSFERASE 1 (MET1), which maintains methylation of symmetrical CG contexts. In this review, we discuss the sequence specificities and targeting of each of these pathways. In particular, we highlight recent studies that indicate CMTs preferentially target CWG or CWA/CAW motifs (where W is A or T), and discuss how self-reinforcing feedback loops between DNA methyltransferases and histone modifications characteristic of heterochromatin specify targeting. Finally, the initiating events that lead to gene body methylation are discussed as a model illustrating how interdependent targeting of different silencing pathways can potentiate the establishment of off-target epialleles.
Rice Information GateWay: A Comprehensive Bioinformatics Platform for Indica Rice Genomes

Oryza sativa subsp. indica and japonica are two subspecies of Asian cultivated rice, among which indica rice is much more widely grown and genetically diverse. Over the past years, the Rice Annotation Project Database (RAP-DB) (Ohyanagi et al., 2006) and Michigan State University Rice Genome Annotation Project (MSU-RGAP) (Ouyang et al., 2007) are two popular databases that have been developed to manage rice genomic and transcriptomic data based on the unified reference genome of japonica cultivar Nipponbare (International Rice Genome Sequencing Project, 2005). Beijing Genomics Institute Rice Information System (BGI-RIS) (Zhao et al., 2004) is an available resource for indica rice cultivar 93-11; however, its application was limited due to the lack of high-quality indica reference genomes. To fill the gap, we constructed an integrative and comprehensive platform, Rice Information GateWay (RIGW, http://rice. hzau.edu.cn/), to provide genomics, transcriptomics, protein-protein interactions (PPIs), metabolic network, metabolites, and computational tools by using our newly obtained map-based reference genomes of indica rice Zhenshan 97 (ZS97) and Minghui 63 (MH63) (Zhang et al., 2016). RIGW serves the rice community by making a wealth of genomics and other omics data available through an intuitive web-based interface.
咽旁间隙血管脂肪瘤一例

咽旁间隙位于翼内肌、腮腺深部、咽侧壁三者之间,上抵颅底,下达舌骨平面,呈一倒立的锥形体。咽旁间隙肿瘤较少见,约占头颈部肿瘤的0.5%。咽旁间隙肿瘤中良性肿瘤多达80%,最常见为神经源性肿瘤,血管脂肪瘤罕见。现将我院收治的咽旁间隙血管脂肪瘤一例报道如下。
Edible insects in China: Utilization and prospects

The use of edible insects has a long history in China, where they have been consumed for more than 2000 years. In general,the level of acceptance is high for the consumption of insects in China. Many studies on edible insects have been conducted in the last 20 years,and the scope of the research includes the culture of entomophagy and the identification, nutritional value, farming and breeding of edible insects, in addition to food production and safety. Currently, 324 species of insects from 11 orders are documented that are either edible or associated with entomophagy in China, which include the common edible species, some less commonly consumed species and some medicinal insects. However, only approximately 10 to 20 types of insects are regularly consumed. The nutritional values for 174 species are available in China, including edible, feed and medicinal species, Although the nutritional values vary among species, all the insects examined contain protein, fat, vitamins and minerals at levels that meet human nutritional requirements. Edible insects were, and continue to be, consumed by different ethnic groups in many parts of China. People directly consume insects or food products made from insects. The processing of products from insect protein powder, oil and chitin,and the development of healthcare foods has been studied in China. People also consume insects indirectly by eating livestock that were fed insects,which may be a more acceptable pathway to use insects in human diets. Although limited, the data on the food safety of insects indicate that insects are safe for food or feed. Incidences of allergic reactions after consuming silkworm pupae, cicadas and crickets have been reported in China. Insect farming is a unique breeding industry in rural China and is a source of income for local people. Insects are reared and bred for human food, medicine and animal feed using two approaches in China: the insects are either fully domesticated and reared completely in captivity or are partially raised in captivity, and the insect habitat is manipulated to increase production. Depending on the type of relationship the insect has with humans,plants and the environment, different farming strategies are used. The social and scientific communities must work together to promote the use of insects as food and feed.
灾后幸存人员生命探测技术及其展望

随着城市的不断发展,人们居住更加密集,一旦发生房屋倒塌、路面坍塌、泥石流、火灾等灾害时,会造成大量人员遇险受困。对遇险人员的救援通常需要做到争分夺秒,如不能及时、准确地了解遇险人员所处方位,救援就很难展开,从而降低了待救援人员的生还几率。据统计,地震后24 h内定位、救出压埋人员的存活率为81%;24 ~48 h内定位、救出压埋人员的存活率为53%;48~72 h内定位、救出压埋人员的存活率为~96 h内定位、救出压埋人员的存活率为19%。所以在最短的时间内搜索并发现受困人员是搜救的关键一环,对后续的医疗救助、提升遇险人员的存活率具有重要意义。本研究将主要介绍电磁生命探测技术、光学生命探测技术、声波震动生命探测技术、红外生命探测技术、搜救犬生命探测技术和基于手机定位的生命探测技术,为遇险人员生命探测技术研究人员提供参考。