mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning-based Fast Frequency Response Control for a VSC-HVDC System

HVDC system can realize a very fast frequency response to the disturbed system under a contingency because its active power control is decoupled from the frequency deviation. However, most of existing HVDC frequency control strategies are coupled with system primary frequency control and secondary frequency control. Since the traditional system frequency control is dominated by the thermal generators, the advantage of the fast response of the HVDC system is not made fully used. The development of a frequency response estimation based on a machine learning algorithm provides another approach to improve the frequency response capability of the HVDC system. Different from other frequency deviation tracking strategies, a machine learning based HVDC frequency response control can directly increase the power flow of a HVDC system by estimation of the system generator or load lost. In this paper, a fast frequency response control using a HVDC system for a large power system disturbance based on the multivariate random forest regression(MRFR) algorithm is proposed. The simulation is carried out with an integrated power system model based on the North American interconnections. The simulation results indicate that the proposed MRFR based frequency response control can significantly improve the frequency low point during an event, while stabilizing the frequency in advance.
Equivalent Hamiltonian Equations Modelling and Energy Function Construction for MMC-HVDC in Hybrid AC/DC Power Systems

This paper proposes an equivalent Hamiltonian equations model for the modular multilevel converter-based high-voltage direct-current(MMC-HVDC) transmission system, and constructs an energy function for multi-machine power systems with MMC-HVDC transmission lines. The equivalent Hamiltonian equations model is verified to be able to track the power output dynamics of the full model of an MMC-HVDC transmission system. Both theoretical and numerical studies have been undertaken to validate that the energy function proposed for hybrid AC/DC systems satisfies the conditions of an energy function. The work of this paper bridges the gap between the well-developed direct methods of transient stability analysis and power systems with MMC-HVDC transmission lines.
Transient Current Estimation of MMC-HVDC Systems Under a Grid-converter Phase Difference

When a modular multilevel converter based high voltage direct current(MMC-HVDC) system operates under grid faults, there will be a phase difference between the grid voltage and the converter output. It can be caused by grid voltage phase shifting and the integration effect of the phase-locked loop(PLL) in the converter. The system may exhibit an undesirable transient process with expanded current which is harmful for the converter devices. In this paper, a transient current estimation method is proposed for the scenario of converter-grid phase difference caused by the frequency shifting of the grid side. A piecewise phase calculation model is established to determine the transient phase difference of the system. Then, according to the maximum phase difference calculated by the model, the system stability is assessed and the maximum value of system transient current can be estimated after comparing the maximum phase difference with the critical phase difference and π.Finally,the current estimation results are verified by detailed circuit simulations of a 21-level MMC-HVDC system built in PSCAD.
Bauschinger-Like Effect of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy Wide Sheet During the Straightening Process

The Bauschinger-like effect, which showed up in the straightening process of the AZ31 magnesium alloy wide sheet, was investigated through the multi-pass discrete three-point bending–unloading–bending (BUB) experiments. The stress variable, anisotropy, and asymmetry of tension and compression on the straightening process were corresponding to the Bauschingerlike effect. The Bauschinger-like effect in the initial, intermediate, and end of the straightening process was dominated by the twinning, detwinning, and dislocation induced by pyramidal < c + a > slip, respectively. Also, they were responsible for the transformation of the Bauschinger stress parameter (BSP) and Bauschinger energy parameter (BEP). Later, the anisotropic nonlinear kinematic hardening model (ANK model) to describe the Bauschinger-like effect was optimized and simplified.
Role of Co Content on Densification and Microstructure of WC–Co Cemented Carbides Prepared by Selective Laser Melting

WC–Co cemented carbides, well-known as the conventional tooling materials, have not been successfully produced by one step additive manufacturing processes such as selective laser melting (SLM) yet. The microstructure evolution as well as WC grain growth behavior has rarely been investigated in detail during SLM process. In this study, the WC–Co cemented carbides with different Co contents (12–32 wt%) were prepared by optimized SLM processes for comparative investigation of densification behavior, microstructure characterization and mechanical property. The increase in Co content in feedstock carbide granules can improve the densification behavior during SLM process. The SLM processed WC-12Co shows larger average WC grain size and higher percentage of coarser WC grains as compared with both WC-20Co and WC-32Co. The microstructure characterization, combined with finite element simulation, shows the WC grain growth mechanisms include agglomeration and dissolution-deposition of WC during SLM process and agglomeration of WC is an important mechanism especially for WC–Co cemented carbides with Co content as low as 12 wt%. The comparison between horizontal (perpendicular to the SLM laser beam) and vertical (parallel to the SLM laser beam) cross sections of carbides shows that SLM process introduces a certain degree of microstructure and mechanical behavior anisotropy for WC-12Co, WC-20Co, and WC-32Co.
Enhancing the immune response and tumor suppression effect of antitumor vaccines adjuvanted with non-nucleotide small molecule STING agonist

Vaccine adjuvants have been widely used to enhance the immunogenicity of the antigens and elicit long-lasting immune response. However, only few vaccine adjuvants have been approved by the FDA for human use so far. Therefore, there is still an urgent need to develop novel adjuvants for the potential applications in clinical trials. Herein, non-nucleotide small molecule STING agonist diABZI was employed to construct glycopeptide antigen based vaccines for the first time. Immunological evaluation indicated diABZI not only enhanced the production of antibodies and T cell immune responses, but also inhibited tumor growth in tumor-bearing mice in glycopeptide-based subunit vaccines. These results indicated that di-ABZI demonstrates a high potential as adjuvant for the development of cancer vaccines.
Recent research progress for upconversion assisted dye-sensitized solar cells

Upconversion (UC) technology makes it possible to harvest infrared (IR) light from the sun and has increasingly been employed in recent years to improve the efficiency of solar cells. The progress in the area concerns both research on fundamental principles and processes of UC and technologies of device fabrication. Significant increase of important solar cell parameters, like short-circuit photocurrent density and open-circuit photovoltage as well as the total photon-to-current efficiency, has been accomplished.We here review the research published during the last few years in the area, in particular we consider the two most cherished techniques, namely the incorporation of upconverting nanophosphors directly into the photoanodes of the solar cells and the introduction of plasmonic metal nanoparticles co-existing with the UC particles. Other ways to achieve strong field enhancement, and the use of the non-linear nature of UC, is to apply microlenses, with or without assisting plasmonic excitation. Further enhanced UC action has been demonstrated by broad band and effective harvesting by organic IR antennas, with subsequent mediation by an intermediate nanoshell of the energy into the upconverting core. Codoping, nanohybrid and layer-by-layer technologies involving upconverting particles as well as the use of upconverting nanoparticles in hole-transport and electrolyte layers, tested in recent works, are also reviewed. While most of these technologies employ upconverting rare earth metals for sequential photon absorption, the main alternative technique, namely triplet-triplet annihilation UC using organic materials, is also reviewed. It is our belief that all these approaches will be further much researched in the near future, with potentially great impact on solar cell technology.
Neoproterozoic Tectonic Events of Egypt

The Egyptian Nubian Shield (ENS) represents the northwestern part of the Arabian-Nubian Shield and the northern extension of the East African Orogen. The ENS is regarded as being formed due to northward-directed escape tectonics. It is characterized by mild accretion and suture zones dominated by major strike-slip zones with a commonly sinistral sense of movement; some shear zones display a dextral sense of shear. It is dominated by gneisses and migmatites in the south, arc volcaniclastic metasediments and highly dismembered ophiolites in the central parts, whereas its northern part is dominated by late- to post-tectonic granitoids. In southern Sinai, the Neoproterozoic rocks are grouped into four complexes, namely Feiran-Solaf, Sa'al-Zaghra, Kid and Taba. The ENS ophiolites were formed between 730-750 Ma, mainly in a supra-subduction zone setting. The ENS has undergone a Neoproterozoic deformation history involving three successive phases: (1) Early N-S shortening phase (D_1), (2) Syn-accretionary phase (D_2) and (3) Post-accretionary phase (D_3). The initial island-arc stage (780-730 Ma) is a N-S shortening phase initiated by collision between the Eastern Desert tectonic terrane to the north with both the Gebeit and Gabgaba terranes to the south (830-720 Ma). During the arc-splitting and back-arc spreading stage (730-620), voluminous syn-tectonic granitoids intruded into the ENS (750-610 Ma). The E- W-directed compressional/transpressional phase (620-450 Ma) led to the overall uplift of the central part of the ENS and consequently the development and exhumation of the core complexes in oblique convergent zones. The E-W intense shortening deformation resulted also in the formation of NW- and NE-striking sinistral and dextral strike-slip shear zones, respectively. The latest periods of the E-W-directed compressional/transpressional regime were characterized by deposition of the molasse-type Hammamat Sediments unconformably over the Dokhan Volcanics, or interbedded with them. The combined thrusting, folding and sinistral-reverse shearing structures have been interpreted to resulted from the E-Wdirected compressional/transpressional phase in response to the oblique shortening of the Arabian-Nubian Shield between East and West Gondwana.
Paleoearthquake Investigation along the Chenghai Fault Zone since ~500 ka, Southeast Margin of the Tibetan Plateau

The Chenghai fault zone is located in the Sichuan-Yunnan rhombus block, which is surrounded by the Honghe River, Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang, and Jinsha River fault zones. As a mid-continental active fault, it is one of the most important seismogenic fractures in the southeast margin of the Tibetan Plateau. Geological seismic study is an important supplement to the historical seismic record; therefore, identification of paleoearthquake events in this region is of great significance to reveal the pattern and mechanism of earthquake development. In this study, detailed investigation has been carried out on the earthquake traces that formed in the Quaternary sediments in the Jinsha River section of the Chenghai fault zone, and samples for dating chronology testing were also collected. Many paleoearthquake traces were discovered in the field, including earthquake fissions, dammed lake sediments and landslides, earthquake-generated rock falls, seismic faults, and sand liquefaction veins. The collected samples were tested using optically stimulated luminescence, electron-spin resonance, and U-series methods. A total of 68 chronological samples were dated, combined with the results of field investigations, and 10 large paleoearthquake events were discovered in this region since 500 ka, which are at approximately 450, 400, 345, 300, 250, 190, 155, 105, 75, and 25 ka. Ten tectonic activity periods that produced multiple paleoearthquake events were identified since 500 ka. This study identifies paleoearthquake events in longer scales, larger spaces, and more extensive sediments, which provides new perspectives and new ideas for paleoearthquake research.
Development of fetal growth charts in twins stratified by chorionicity and mode of conception: a retrospective cohort study in China

Background: Twin pregnancies continue to increase worldwide;however, the current clinical prenatal evaluation for the intrauterine growth of twins still relies on the growth standards of singletons. We attempted to establish a set of fetal biometric references for Chinese twin pregnancies, stratified by chorionicity and conception mode as spontaneously conceived monochorionic diamniotic (SC-MCDA), spontaneously conceived dichorionic diamniotic (SC-DCDA),and assisted reproductive technology dichorionic diamniotic (ART-DCDA) twins. Methods: From 2016 to 2019, the ultrasonographic fetal biometric measurements were longitudinally collected in pregnant women, including fetal weight, biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference, femur length, and humerus length. The linear mixed models were used to test the difference of growth patterns between groups, and the growth curve of each biometric parameter was modeled by a generalized additive model for location scale and shape. Results: A total of 929 twin pregnant women and 2019 singleton pregnant women, met the inclusion criteria. Among twin pregnancies, 148 were SC-MCDA, 215 were SC-DCDA, and 566 were ART-DCDA twins. Overall, SC-DCDA twins grew faster than SC-MCDA twins, while slower than ART-DCDA twins (all P < 0.05),and all of the three groups showed significant differences comparing with singletons, especially during the third trimester. Hence, the customized fetal growth charts of each fetal biometric parameter were, respectively, constructed for SC-MCDA, SC-DCDA, and ART-DCDA twins. Conclusions: The fetal biometric trajectories demonstrated characteristic patterns according to chorionicity and conception mode. To fill the gap, we modeled fetal biometric parameters for Chinese SC-MCDA, SC-DCDA, and ART-DCDA twin pregnancies, hoping to provide a reference for the further establishment of fetal growth reference values for Chinese twin fetuses.
Improved Active Islanding Detection Technique for Multi-Inverter Power System

Due to the increased penetration of multi-inverter distributed generation(DG) systems, different DG technologies, inverter control methods, and other inverter functions are challenging the capabilities of islanding detection. In addition, multi-inverter networks connecting the distribution system point of common coupling(PCC) create islanding at paralleling inverters, which adds the vulnerability of islanding detection. Furthermore, available islanding detection must overcome more challenges from non-detection zones(NDZs) under reduced power mismatches. Therefore, in this study, a new method called parameter self-adapting active islanding detection was utilized to minimize the dilution effect and reduce NDZs in multi-inverter power systems. The method utilizes an active frequency drift(AFD) method and applies a positive feedback gain of adoption parameters, which significantly minimizes NDZs at parallel inverters. The simulation and experimental outcomes indicate that the proposed method can effectively weaken the dilution effect in multi-inverter networks connecting the distribution system PCC.
颈动脉内膜切除术后并发症的护理观察与体会

目前,我国40岁以上脑卒中患病率达2.06%,其中缺血性脑卒中占75% ~ 90%,颈动脉狭窄是缺血性脑卒中的重要危险因素及病因。颈动脉内膜切除术(carotid endarterectomy,CEA)是将颈动脉斑块及增厚的内膜切除剥离,使血管再通,能有效地控制短暂性脑缺血发作(transient ischemic attack,TIA),预防脑梗死发生。颈动脉狭窄患者行CEA,男性高于女性,多数患者具有吸烟、原发性高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病、冠心病等危险因素,术后易发生各种相关并发症。本文对2019年1 ~ 12月我科198例颈动脉狭窄CEA术后出现的脑梗死、脑高灌注综合征(cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome,CHS)、声音嘶哑、血流动力学紊乱等常见并发症的护理进行分析总结。
CRISPR-Cas技术用于核酸检测的现状和前景

高效、经济的核酸检测方法在基因分型和病原体检测等领域的需求在不断增长。研究人员利用人工合成的生物分子组分已经开发了许多用于核酸检测的方法;但是,现有的检测方法无法同时满足特异性、灵敏度、速度、成本和简单性的需求,例如,最常用的检测方法实时定量逆转录聚合酶链反应(qPCR),被推荐为新冠肺炎和非洲猪瘟的分子诊断金标准,但是其需要精密的仪器和专业的操作人员,无法进行现场检测,限制了它的应用。近年,CRISPR-Cas系统为基因组编辑提供了新的工具。这些CRISPR-Cas技术大多依赖Cas蛋白和CRISPR RNAs(crRNAs)来靶向和切割特定的核酸序列。然而,新发现的Cas蛋白质的“第二活性”打开了低成本、便携诊断新工具的大门,并且大大提高了核酸检测的灵敏度。
从1921名幼儿园儿童龄别重与贫血的关系探讨体质量对小儿中医体质的意义

目的:以往对小儿中医体质的探讨结合体检结果者较少,超重和肥胖在儿童中的检出率较高,且中西医均一直认为超重和肥胖为健康的负面因素。本文试从儿童年龄(龄) 、性别(别) 、体质量(重)与贫血的关系探讨体质量对小儿中医体质的意义。方法:根据1921名幼儿园儿童的体检结果,分析不同年龄段和全年龄段龄别重与血红蛋白的相关性。结果:一是贫血患病率:本资料1921名儿童中,贫血患病率3.07%均为轻度贫血,与相关报道相近;二是体质量对小儿中医体质的意义:本研究显示龄别重与贫血呈现一定的负相关关系。结论:以往研究也发现,总体上看身高(高)别重与龋齿数和龋齿发生率均呈显著的负相关,提示高别重越高龋齿数越少,龋齿发生率越低,这就说明超重和肥胖对小儿中医体质的意义可能还有好的一面。这个好的一面应该是反映了超重和肥胖小儿生机较强、“胃气”较旺,表现为食欲比其他小儿更旺盛。小儿超重和肥胖的形成除了被动填喂过多、体质阳气不足之外,很大程度上与小儿食欲旺盛有关。中医重视胃气,体现在重病时“有胃气则生,无胃气则死”以及平时疗疾宜“顾护胃气”,胃气主要表现为食欲。
闭合复位克氏针固定尺侧腕掌关节脱位疗效分析

[目的]探讨闭合复位腕掌关节脱位及克氏针固定的方法及疗效。[方法] 2010年1月-2012年12月共收治15例新鲜尺侧腕掌关节脱位病例,其中11例患者发生了明显的脱位。其中男8例,女3例,年龄20~52岁,平均(34.58±9.91)岁。对怀疑存在这种损伤病例予以行CT检查证实。术中对腕掌关节脱位予以C形臂X线机透视下闭合复位克氏针固定术。 [结果]所有手术患者均获得满意随访,随访时间为12~16个月,平均14.6个月。术后随访患者手观察患手的疼痛、活动范围及握力恢复情况。[结论]对腕掌关节脱位C形臂X线机是准确复位的有力工具,闭合复位克氏针固定的方法是微创且安全有效的。
痛风和高尿酸血症病证结合诊疗指南

高尿酸血症(hyperuricemia,HUA)是嘌呤代谢障碍引起的代谢性疾病。痛风(gout)是一种单钠尿酸盐(monosodium urate,MSU)沉积所致的晶体性关节炎,与嘌呤代谢障碍所致的高尿酸血症直接相关。原发性痛风由遗传因素和环境因素共同致病,具有一定的家族易感性,目前发病原因未完全阐明;继发性痛风主要发生在其他疾病过程中(如肾脏疾病、血液系统疾病),或因服用某些药物以及肿瘤放疗、化疗等原因所致。该病属于中医学风湿病(痹证、痹病)范畴。痛风在世界各地均有流行,不同地区和人群的痛风发病率存在一定的差异。据我国人群流行病学统计,痛风患病率为0.86% ~ 2.20%,其中男性为0.83% ~ 1.98%,女性为0.07% ~ 0.72%,并呈逐年上升趋势。国家风湿病数据中心(Chinese Rheumatism Data Center,CRDC)网络注册及随访研究的阶段数据(截至2019年7月)显示,基于全国各地区308家医院的21 277例痛风患者统计,我国痛风患者平均发病年龄为40.1岁,男女罹患本病的比例约为20 ∶ 1。高尿酸血症不仅是痛风的早期阶段,同时也是引起冠心病、高血压病、糖尿病和慢性肾脏病的独立危险因素,严重危害着人们的身体健康。
流质食团对鼻咽癌放疗术后吞咽障碍患者吞咽功能的影响

目的:探讨流质食团对鼻咽癌放疗术后吞咽障碍患者的吞咽功能影响情况。方法:选取鼻咽癌放疗后吞咽障碍患者26例,在吞咽造影检查下,分别进食一口量为5ml的浓流质和稀流质,采集并测量舌骨位移幅度、舌骨运动时间、喉关闭时间、食管上括约肌(upper esophagus sphincter,UES)开放时间、吞咽启动时间、咽运送时间、喉关闭至UES开放间隔时间等参数,并进行渗漏误吸分级评分,分析流质食团对该类患者吞咽功能的影响。结果:浓流质(0.41±0.32)cm较稀流质(0.27±0.26)cm的舌骨水平位移幅度大(P=0.033)。浓流质(1.72±0.28)s较稀流质食团(1.59±0.27)s的舌骨运动时间长(t=2.12,P=0.04),喉关闭时间较稀流质短(t=-2.35,P=0.03),咽运送时间较稀流质长(t=2.73,P=0.01)。进食浓流质发生渗漏误吸为3例(11.54%),稀流质为18例(69.23%),具有显著性差异(Z=-3.76,P<0.001)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,咽运送时间、喉关闭至UES开放时间是影响该类患者发生渗漏误吸的相关因素(P<0.05)。结论:对于舌运动障碍的患者,鉴于其咽部清除能力、气道保护以及肌肉耐力等功能的不同,应根据吞咽造影检查制定个体化的食物性状指导,包括食物性状的进食先后顺序,以帮助患者发挥吞咽功能最大效能。
新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防控的中国模式:总结与思考

新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情严重威胁人类健康,具有传染性强、传播速度快、致病性较强、防控难度大等特点,至今已在全球大流行。虽然我国在最短时间内成功控制了疫情,但鉴于世界其他国家COVID-19疫情仍在不断蔓延加重的严峻形势,回顾总结我国在COVID-19疫情防控方面的经验,思考和分析存在的问题,不仅对我国今后长期疫情防控有重要意义,而且对全世界的疫情防控有实际借鉴价值。
2020年度中国古生物学十大进展评选结果及成果简介

按照中国古生物学会2021年工作计划和十二届五次常务理事会议关于开展“中国古生物学年度十大进展”评选活动的决定,我会开展了2020年度中国古生物学十大进展的推荐和评选工作。提名推荐阶段学会秘书处共收到理事和分支机构推荐的提名成果22项。
Experimental on the pore structure characteristics of Longmaxi Formation shale in southern Sichuan Basin,China

In this paper,the pore structure characteristics of shale samples from the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation in South of Sichuan Basin of China were investigated by total organic carbon (TOC) content determination,X-ray diffraction (XRD),scanning electron microscope (SEM),low pressure nitrogen adsorption (LPNA) and high pressure mercury injection (HPMI).The fractal dimension of shale samples was calculated based on Frenkel-Halsey-Hill (FHH) model and thermodynamic relation model.The results showed that the major mineral compositions of shales were quartz and clay content.Organic pores,intergranular pores,intragranular pores,microfractures were widely developed in the shale samples,of which organic pores were the most developed.The pore morphology was mainly ink bottle-shaped pores and slit-shaped pores;the pore size distribution of shale samples was complex with multiple distribution peaks,the pore size between 3 and 40 nm occupied the most of storage space.The fractal dimension Dn1 of pores between 2 nm and 10 nm was 2.7177-2.7933,while fractal dimension Dn2 of pores between 10 nm and 50 nm was 2.2439-2.5468.The fractal dimension Dr of macropores calculated by the thermodynamic model was 2.6401-2.7025.
Nano-alumina based (alpha and gamma) drilling fluid system to stabilize high reactive shales

Most of water based drilling fluids easily penetrate into shale formations and cause serious problems such as well instability,destruction of the formation,wall pipe folding and pipe adhesion.The present research aims to assess the effects of alumina nano-particles (alpha and gamma) on shale/clay stability due to the unique specifications of alumina (alpha and gamma) nano particles.The SEM,XRD,EDAX and AFM analyses of recovered shale samples indicate that the average size of alpha alumina nano-particles coating the shale surface and the pores existing in the shale is between 25 and 35 nm,whereas the average size of gamma alumina nano-particles coating the shale surface and the pores present in the shale is between 20 and 30 nm.In addition,samples recovered by nano-alpha reveal more porosity remained in the shale sample in comparison with the nano-gamma nano-sample.Furthermore,the results obtained from EDAX illustrate a suitable nano-gamma alumina over the recovered shale.The experiment with five types of drilling fluid without the presence of potassium chloride as an inhibitor salt designed.Thus,the water based drilling fluid containing nano-gamma alumina with less than 1 %wt was chosen as the best sample.Generally,the presence of alumina nano-particles optimizes the stability of formations containing ions like shale.
Effect of Ce-base mischmetal addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of hot-rolled ZK60 alloy

Mg-Zn-Zr (ZK) alloys exhibit notably high mechanical strength amongst all magnesium alloy grades.However,due to the formation of low melting point Mg_3Zn_7-precipitates,these alloys are susceptible to hot cracking,thus compromising their metallurgical processing.The addition of rare earths to ZK alloys is an alternative to form higher melting point intermetallic compounds,speed up dynamic recrystallization,refine grain size,enhance corrosion resistance and extend the service temperature due to improved creep resistance.This work deals with the effect of Ce-base mischmetal addition on the hot rolling behaviour of as-cast ZK60 alloy.The microstructure investigation conducted using electron microscopy and X-Ray diffraction shows that precipitation of Mg_7Zn_3 intermetallics occur during hot rolling,whereas no further precipitation is observed for the ZK60-Mm alloys.The fragmentation of the intermetallic compounds occur during hot rolling and finer particles of Mg_7Zn_3 are observed for the ZK60,whereas Mg_7Zn_3 and MgZn_2Ce intermetallics are formed in the alloy modified with mischmetal addition.A higher fraction of dynamically recrystallized grains is observed for the ZK60-Mm in comparison to the ZK60.Continuous recrystallization takes place in ZK60 with the formation of sub-grains near to the intermetallics and the addition of mischmetal promotes the occurrence of discontinuous recrystallization with the nucleation of new grains close to the precipitates.The mechanical strength and,in particular,the ductility of the hot-rolled alloys are notably improved when compared to the same alloys in the as-cast condition.The mechanical strength is,however,higher for the ZK60 alloy.Less solid solution strengthening,softer MgZn_2Ce intermetallics and more extensive recrystallization contribute to reduce the mechanical strength of ZK60-Mm.Failure in both alloys are initiated at coarse intermetallics and propagate through intermetallic-rich regions.