mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Studying the performance of fully encapsulated rock bolts with modified structural elements

Numerical simulation is a useful tool in investigating the loading performance of rock bolts. The cable structural elements (cableSELs) in FLAC~(3D) are commonly adopted to simulate rock bolts to solve geotechnical issues. In this study,the bonding performance of the interface between the rock bolt and the grout material was simulated with a two-stage shearing coupling model. Furthermore, the FISH language was used to incorporate this two-stage shear coupling model into FLAC~(3D) to modify the current cableSELs. Comparison was performed between numerical and experimental results to confirm that the numerical approach can properly simulate the loading performance of rock bolts. Based on the modified cableSELs, the influence of the bolt diameter on the performance of rock bolts and the shear stress propagation along the interface between the bolt and the grout were studied. The simulation results indicated that the load transfer capacity of rock bolts rose with the rock bolt diameter apparently. With the bolt diameter increasing, the performance of the rock bolting system was likely to change from the ductile behaviour to the brittle behaviour. Moreover, after the rock bolt was loaded, the position where the maximum shear stress occurred was variable. Specifically, with the continuous loading, it shifted from the rock bolt loaded end to the other end.
Atlas of heating:Identifying regional climate-dependent heat demands in residential buildings of Iran

Due to different latitudes and variation of altitude in geographical areas in Iran,the climatic conditions of Iran are such that the variations of the heating degree-days (HDD) are in a broad range of 60 to 3000 for residential buildings in different climatic regions.In addition,in many cases,the building design and construction processes follow patterns which do not necessarily meet national energy requirements and standards.Based on these two reasons,it is essential to identify the current status of energy consumption indicators in residential buildings.That way,it gets more convenient to adopt new strategies to improve the current state of energy consumption of buildings.In this study,heating energy consumption indices of residential buildings is investigated.Using the combination of the results of statistical data analysis,questionnaires,filled in for 500 buildings,and a reference building simulation in different climates of Iran,the heating atlas of residential buildings was prepared.According to the results,the average heating energy index (HEI) of buildings in Iran can be less than 1 to more than 41.3 (m~3(N.G)/(m~2·yr)) depending on climatic conditions and building design and construction quality.However,in the coldest center of province,the average of this index is 26.3 (m~3(N.G)/(m~2·yr)) in the hottest one that is equal 2.2.The variations of the thermal base load (supply of hot water) varied from less than 13.12 to more than 378.84 (m~3(N.G)/(person·yr)).In provincial capitals,the lowest thermal base load index (TBLI) of buildings is 24.78 and the highest is 226.49 (m~3(N.G)/(person·yr)).In this paper,beside charts and tables,results of heating energy consumption indices are also presented in the form of graphical atlases,i.e.color contour plots,to deliver a better picture of the whole country.
Using air curtains to reduce short-range infection risk in consulting ward:A numerical investigation

Air curtains is promising in reducing the short-range infection risk in hospitals.To quantitatively evaluate its performance,this paper explores air curtains equipped on normal consulting desk to avoid doctor's direct exposure to the patient exhaled pollutants.A numerical investigation is conducted to evaluate the effects of supply air velocity and angle on cutting off performance.Simulation results show that the average mass fraction of exhaled pollutants decreases significantly (70%-90%) in the consulting ward,indicating satisfying performance of air curtains.Increasing supply air velocity is demonstrated to be conducive in forming full air curtains,whereas an excessively high supply air velocity may be of adverse effects by entraining exhaled flow.Besides,the supply air angle is also critical due to its coupling with supply air velocity.It is found that larger angle (0°-40°) is better where velocity is less than 3 m/s,otherwise a small angle (20°) is preferable where velocity is larger than 3 m/s.Exhaled flow could be well suppressed at the supply air angle 20° but moves over air curtains at 40°.This study can provide effective and intuitive guidance in applying air curtains in consulting wards.
Analysis of limitations on recovery of gravity field based on satellite gravity gradient data

Although satellite gravity gradient data plays a great role in determining short-wavelength part of static gravity field model, accuracy of the long-wavelength part of gravity field model recovered by them are poor, which leads to only a few applications in time-variable gravity investigation. The reason is that some factors limit the accuracy of the gravity field recovered using gradient data, including accuracy of the gravity gradient observations, measurement bandwidth (MBW) of gradiometer, satellite inclination, etc. This paper aims at analyzing the influence of these limitations on gravity field recovery and discusses the possibility of time-variable gravity field detection by using gravity gradient observations. Firstly, for arbitrary satellite orbit inclination, we give the frequency distributions of all the components of gravity gradients (i.e. T_(xx); T_(yy); T_(zz); T_(xy); T_(xz) and T_(yz),). The results show that the maximum frequency of each component of the gravity gradients is the same, i.e. l=Ts (l is degree of the gravity field model, Ts is the orbital periods), and it is not influenced by the inclination of the satellite orbits. Secondly, the paper gives a theory proof to explain why only the low orders of the coefficients are influenced by polar gaps. Big polar gaps are experimented by a numerical test with inclination of 45°. Finally, considering that the measurement bandwidth can be expanded and accuracy of gradient observations can be improved by superconducting gravity gradiometer (SGG) compared to gradiometer used in Gravity field and steadystate Ocean Circulation Explorer (GOCE), the possibility of detecting time-variable gravity using gravity gradient observations is discussed. The results show that the SGG creates errors in MBWwith magnitude of 0.014 mE, which is smaller than the magnitude of the time-variable gravity gradient signals (i.e., 0.02 mE) derived from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) gravity field models. This indicates the potential of SGG in time-variable gravity detection.
PTPL1 suppresses lung cancer cell migration via inhibiting TGF-β1-induced activation of p38 MAPK and Smad 2/3 pathways and EMT

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) enables dissemination of neoplastic cells and onset of distal metastasis of primary tumors. However, the regulatory mechanisms of EMT by microenvironmental factors such as transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) remain largely unresolved. Protein tyrosine phosphatase L1 (PTPL1) is a non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase that plays a suppressive role in tumorigenesis of diverse tissues. In this study we investigated the role of PTPL1/PTPN13 in metastasis of lung cancer and the signaling pathways regulated by PTPL1 in terms of EMT of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. We showed that the expression of PTPL1 was significantly downregulated in cancerous tissues of 23 patients with NSCLC compared with adjacent normal tissues. PTPL1 expression was positively correlated with overall survival of NSCLC patients. Then we treated A549 cells in vitro with TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL) and assessed EMT. We found that knockdown of PTPL1 enhanced the migration and invasion capabilities of A549 cells, through enhancing TGF-β1-induced EMT. In nude mice bearing A549 cell xenografts, knockdown of PTPL1 significantly promoted homing of cells and formation of tumor loci in the lungs. We further revealed that PTPL1 suppressed TGF-β-induced EMT by counteracting the activation of canonical Smad2/3 and non-canonical p38 MAPK signaling pathways. Using immunoprecipitation assay we demonstrated that PTPL1 could bind to p38 MAPK, suggesting that p38 MAPK might be a direct substrate of PTPL1. In conclusion, these results unravel novel mechanisms underlying the regulation of TGF-β signaling pathway, and have implications for prognostic assessment and targeted therapy of metastatic lung cancer.
维持性血液透析患者微炎症状态的研究进展

慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)在全球范围内的患病率不断上升,我国CKD的患病率高达10.8%,且仍在不断攀升,而维持性血液透析(maintenance hemodialysis,MHD)是目前治疗终末期肾病(end-stage renal disease,ESRD)最普遍的方式。研究表明,微炎症状态普遍存在于MHD患者中,产生一系列的相关并发症,严重影响患者的生活质量及生存率,本文通过从透析对微炎症状态的影响进行综述,为改善透析患者的微炎症状态提供治疗依据。
Apelin/APJ系统与慢性肾脏病血管钙化的研究进展

血管钙化在慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney diseases,CKD)患者中普遍存在,是心血管疾病(cardiovascular diseases,CVD)发生率和死亡率的重要预测因子之一。Apelin是一种新型脂肪因子,广泛表达于各种组织,包括心脏、肺、血管和肾脏,在多种CVD的发病过程中起重要作用。最近研究显示, Apelin可抑制血管钙化的发生和发展。本文就Apelin与CKD血管钙化的研究进展做一综述。
我国新发高致病性血清4型禽腺病毒毒力增强的分子机制

I群禽腺病毒(FAdV-I)是危害家禽养殖业的重要传染病病原,可分为5个种(A~E)和12个血清型(1~7、8a~8b、9~11),主要感染鸡、鸭、鹅等家禽,野鸡、火鸡、鸽、鸵鸟等野鸟也可感染。FAdV-I主要通过呼吸道和消化道传播,不同血清型病毒株发病率和病死率差异较大,致病毒株感染家禽通常表现为包涵体肝炎(IBH)、心包积液-肝炎综合征(HHS)等病变,非致病病毒株感染则无典型临床症状和病理变化。
刺突蛋白三聚体是Alpha-冠状病毒亚单位疫苗的潜在候选者

冠状病毒(Coronavirus,CoV)是单股、正链RNA病毒,按照系统发育分析,可分为4个属:Alpha-、Beta-、Gamma-和Delta-冠状病毒属。目前,Alpha- CoVs (HCoV- 229E、HCoV- NL63)和Beta- CoVs(HCoV-HKU1、HCoV-OC43)广泛流行于人群中,感染症状较轻。SARS-CoV、SARS-CoV-2和MERSCoV属于Beta-CoVs,具有高致病性。已有研究表明Alpha- CoVs刺突(Spike)蛋白的受体结合功能域(RBD)处于“lying”构象,而Beta-CoVs的RBD处于“standing”构象。当前,已经针对SARS-CoV、SARSCoV- 2和MERS-CoV开发了多种靶向S蛋白或RBD的亚单位疫苗。与Beta-CoVs相比,Alpha-CoVs的S1亚基结构和受体识别模式,特别是RBD的结构及其在S-trimer中的构象状态存在显著差异,S蛋白诱导产生中和抗体的能力及机制需要深入研究。
新城疫病毒W蛋白的细胞定位差异及其影响机制

新城疫病毒(NDV)严重危害全球养禽业。该病原为有囊膜的单股负链RNA病毒,属于副黏病毒科、Orthoavulavirus属。NDV含有6个结构基因分别编码6个主要的结构蛋白NP、P、M、F、HN和L。此外,P基因转录过程中还能通过特定位点的“RNA编辑”使读码框发生移码产生非结构蛋白V和W。P、V和W具有相同的N端和不同的C端,近年研究表明V蛋白独特的C端可拮抗IFN产生、抑制细胞凋亡、促进病毒增殖,在NDV致病过程中发挥重要作用。而W蛋白在NDV感染中的作用尚不清楚。
王不留行对脂多糖和H_2O_2诱导RAW264.7细胞炎性反应和氧化反应的影响

目的探讨王不留行对脂多糖(LPS)和H_2O_2诱导RAW264.7细胞炎性反应和氧化反应的影响。方法LPS刺激RAW264.7细胞建立体外炎症模型,H_2O_2刺激RAW264.7细胞建立体外氧化损伤模型。MTT法测定王不留行醇提物对RAW264.7细胞的细胞活力影响; RT-PCR测定细胞iNOS、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6 mRNA表达。ELISA检测细胞NO、COX-2、PGE2、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6水平。生化试剂盒检测细胞CAT、SOD、GSH-PX、MDA水平。结果10 ~ 80 μg/mL王不留行醇提物没有影响RAW264.7细胞活性。40 μg/mL王不留行醇提物抑制细胞模型中iNOS、TNF-α、 IL-1β、IL-6 mRNA表达(P<0.01),下调炎性介质(NO、PGE2、COX-2)和促炎细胞因子(TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6)的表达(P<0.01) 。同时,40 μg/mL王不留行醇提物提高抗氧化因子(CAT、SOD、GSH-PX)水平,并降低过氧化脂质产物(MDA)水平(P<0.01) 。结论王不留行醇提物通过抑制炎症介质和促炎细胞因子的活性和表达,改善细胞炎症反应;王不留行醇提物促进抗氧化因子活性,改善细胞氧化损伤。
原发性三叉神经痛的MRI研究进展

原发性三叉神经痛(PTN)是常见的三叉神经病变,表现为面部的剧烈疼痛,近年来发病率逐渐增高,且有年轻化趋势。PTN病因及发病机制不明,目前认为血管压迫是主要的发病原因,发病机制的研究方向主要是中枢机制和周围机制。磁共振成像(MRI)因其较高的图像分辨率以及功能MRI的开展,在PTN的相关研究中发挥重要作用,本文就近几年PTN的结构及功能改变的相关MRI研究进行综述。
中国肢端肥大症诊治共识(2021版)

《中国肢端肥大症诊治共识(2021版)》结合了国内外垂体生长激素腺瘤研究进展、肢端肥大症诊治的循证证据和我国国情,旨在规范对肢端肥大症患者早期筛查、并发症诊治和长期随访,强化多学科合作诊疗模式及个体化诊治理念。
Infrared upconversion imaging in nonlinear metasurfaces

Infrared imaging is a crucial technique in a multitude of applications, including night vision, autonomous vehicle navigation, optical tomography, and food quality control. Conventional infrared imaging technologies, however, require the use of materials such as narrow bandgap semiconductors, which are sensitive to thermal noise and often require cryogenic cooling. We demonstrate a compact all-optical alternative to perform infrared imaging in a metasurface composed of GaAs semiconductor nanoantennas, using a nonlinear wave-mixing process. We experimentally show the upconversion of short-wave infrared wavelengths via the coherent parametric process of sum-frequency generation. In this process, an infrared image of a target is mixed inside the metasurface with a strong pump beam, translating the image from the infrared to the visible in a nanoscale ultrathin imaging device. Our results open up new opportunities for the development of compact infrared imaging devices with applications in infrared vision and life sciences.
Two-dimensional material separation membranes for renewable energy purification, storage, and conversion

The current energy crisis has prompted the development of new energy sources and energy storage/conversion devices. Membranes, as the key component, not only provide enormous separation potential for energy purification but also guarantee stable and high-efficiency operation for rechargeable batteries and fuel cells. Remarkably, two-dimensional(2D)material separation membranes have attracted intense attention on their excellent performance in energy field applications, owing to high mechanical/chemical stability, low mass transport resistance, strict sizeexclusion, and abundant modifiable functional groups. In this review, we concentrate on the recent progress of 2D membrane and introduce 2D membranes based on graphene oxide(GO), MXenes, 2D MOFs, 2D COFs, and 2D zeolite nanosheets, which are applied in membrane separation(H_2 collection and biofuel purification)and battery separators(vanadium flow battery, Li-S battery, and fuel cell). The mass transport mechanism, selectivity mechanism, and modification methods of these 2D membranes are stated in brief, mainly focusing on interlayer dominant membranes(GO and MXenes)and pore dominant membranes(MOFs, COFs, and zeolite nanosheets). In conclusion, we highlight the challenges and outlooks of applying 2D membranes in energy fields.
Engineering optimization approach of nonaqueous electrolyte for sodium ion battery with long cycle life and safety

Electrolyte design strategies are closely related to the capacities, cycle life and safety of sodium-ion batteries. In this study, we aimed to optimize electrolyte with the focus on engineering aspects. The basic physicochemical properties including ionic conductivity, viscosity, wettability and thermochemical stability of the electrolytes using NaPF_6 as the solute and the mixed solvent with different components of EMC, DMC or DEC in PC or EC were systematically measured. Ah pouch cell with NaNi_(1/3)Fe_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_2/hard carbon electrodes was used to evaluate the performance of the prepared electrolytes. By using the Inductive Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometer(ICP), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), Thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry(TG-DSC)and Accelerating Rate Calorimeter(ARC), we show that an optimized electrolyte can effectively promote the formation of a protective interfacial layer on two electrodes, which not only retards parasitic reactions between the electrodes and electrolyte but also suppresses dissolution of metal ions from the cathode. With an optimized electrolyte, a NaNi_(1/3)Fe_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_2/hard carbon cell can attain 56.16% capacity retention under the low temperature of 40 °C, and can be able to retain 80% capacity retention after more than 2500 cycles while presenting excellent thermal safety.
Research progress of functional near-infrared spectroscopy in patients with psychiatric disorders

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS) is a technique of detecting cerebral cortical function by using near-infrared light, which is a multifunctional neuroimaging technique and provides a convenient and efficient detection method in neuroscience. In consideration of acceptability, safety, high spatial and temporal resolutions compared with electroencephalogram(EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI), fNIRS is widely used to study different psychiatric disorders, most prominently affective disorders, schizophrenic illnesses, brain organic mental disorders and neurodevelopmental disorders, etc The article focuses on the latest research progress and practical application of fNIRS in psychiatric disorders, especially traumatic brain, including studies on the characterization of phenomenology, treatment effects and descriptions of neuroimaging data.
Lithium slurry flow cell, a promising device for the future energy storage

Lithium slurry flow cell(LSFC)is a novel energy storage device that combines the concept of both lithium ion batteries(LIBs)and flow batteries(FBs). Although it is hoped to inherit the advantages of both LIBs and FBs, such as high energy density, ease of fabrication, environmental friendly, independent energy and power density, to name but a few. While unfortunately, it still has many challenges to overcome before it becoming the future star in energy storage area. Here in this paper, we briefly recall its history and try to illustrate the main issues that hindering its research as well as application. As a typical interdisciplinary product, LSFC is definitely a promising candidate for large scale energy storage application, while obviously it still has a long way to go.
Confining MoS_2 nanocrystals in MOF-derived carbon for high performance lithium and potassium storage

Developing an efficient synthesis protocol to simultaneously control 2D nanomaterials' size and dispersion is the pivot to optimize their electrochemical performance. Herein, we report the synthesis of uniform MoS_2 nanocrystals well-anchored into the void space of porous carbon(donated as MoS_2⊂C hybrids)by a simple confined reaction in metal-organic framework(MOF)during carbonization process. The strong confinement effect refrain MoS_2 growth and aggregation, generating abundant active centers and edges, which contribute fast lithium/potassium reaction kinetics. In addition to the hybridization with the derived carbon, the MoS_2⊂C hybrids exhibit rapid Liþ transfer rate(~10~(-9) cm~2 s~(-1))and greatly improved electronic conductivity. Consequently, the MoS_2⊂C hybrids show ultrafast rate performances and satisfactory cycling stabilities as anode materials for both lithium and potassium ion batteries. This work demonstrates a universal tactic to achieve high dispersive 2D nanomaterials with tailorable particle size.
Coronaviruses and gastrointestinal diseases

The effects of coronaviruses on the respiratory system are of great concern, but their effects on the digestive system receive much less attention. Coronaviruses that infect mammals have shown gastrointestinal pathogenicity and caused symptoms such as diarrhea and vomiting. Available data have shown that human coronaviruses, including the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2, mainly infect the respiratory system and cause symptoms such as cough and fever, while they may generate gastrointestinal symptoms. However, there is little about the relation between coronavirus and digestive system. This review specifically addresses the effects of mammalian and human coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2, on the digestive tract, helping to cope with the new virus infection-induced disease, COVID-19.
Functional diversity of soil microbial communities in response to supplementing 50% of the mineral N fertilizer with organic fertilizer in an oat field

The effects of supplementing 50% of the mineral N fertilizer with organic fertilizer on the metabolism and diversity of soil microbial communities in an oat field were investigated using Biolog-Eco plates.The experiment consisted of five treatments:no fertilizer (CK),mineral N fertilizer applied at 90 and 45 kg ha~(–1) N in the form of urea (U1 and U2,respectively),and U2 supplemented with organic fertilizer in the form of sheep manure at 90 and 45 kg ha~(–1) N (U2OM1 and U2OM2,respectively).Each treatment had three replications.The experiment was conducted in 2018 and 2019 in Pinglu District,Shanxi Province,China.The carbon source utilization by soil microbial communities,such as amino acids,amines,carbohydrates,carboxylic acids,and polymers,increased when 50% of the mineral N fertilizer was replaced with organic fertilizer in both years.This result was accompanied by increased richness,dominance,and evenness of the microbial communities.The utilization of amino acid,amine,and carboxylic acid carbon sources and community evenness were further improved when the organic fertilizer amount was doubled in both years.Biplot analysis indicated that amines and amino acids were the most representative of the total carbon source utilization by the soil microbial communities in both years.The highest oat yield was achieved at a total N application rate of 135 kg ha~(–1) in the treatment involving 45 kg ha~(–1) N in the form of urea and 90 kg ha~(–1) N in the form of sheep manure in both years.It was concluded that the application of 50% of the conventional rate of mineral N fertilizer supplemented with an appropriate rate of organic fertilizer enhanced both the functional diversity of soil microbial communities and oat yield.Amine and amino acid carbon sources may be used as a substitute for total carbon sources for assessing total carbon source utilization by soil microbial communities in oat fields in future studies.
Biodegradable materials for bone defect repair

Compared with non-degradable materials, biodegradable biomaterials play an increasingly important role in the repairing of severe bone defects, and have attracted extensive attention from researchers. In the treatment of bone defects, scaffolds made of biodegradable materials can provide a crawling bridge for new bone tissue in the gap and a platform for cells and growth factors to play a physiological role, which will eventually be degraded and absorbed in the body and be replaced by the new bone tissue. Traditional biodegradable materials include polymers, ceramics and metals, which have been used in bone defect repairing for many years. Although these materials have more or fewer shortcomings, they are still the cornerstone of our development of a new generation of degradable materials. With the rapid development of modern science and technology, in the 21st century, more and more kinds of new biodegradable materials emerge in endlessly, such as new intelligent micro-nano materials and cell-based products. At the same time, there are many new fabrication technologies of improving biodegradable materials, such as modular fabrication, 3D and 4D printing, interface reinforcement and nanotechnology. This review will introduce various kinds of biodegradable materials commonly used in bone defect repairing, especially the newly emerging materials and their fabrication technology in recent years, and look forward to the future research direction, hoping to provide researchers in the field with some inspiration and reference.
Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of Argonaute gene family from longan embryogenic callus

Argonaute (AGO) proteins are the core of the RNA-induced gene silencing complex which regulate a wide variety of processes in plants,from organ development to abiotic stress responses.They have been identified in many plants,but little is known in longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.),and how AGO functions in the signaling pathways in plant embryos in response to changing environmental stimuli remains unclear.In the present research,a genome-wide analysis of the AGO gene family members and their roles in somatic embryogenesis (SE),zygotic embryogenesis (ZE),tissue developmental processes,and responses to hormones,light and abiotic stress in longan were conducted.Ten longan AGO genes were identified genome-wide and divided into four clades.They were distributed on chromosomes 1,4,8,10,12,13,14,and 15,and had 2–23 introns.The expression profiling implied that DlAGOs regulated early and middle embryogenesis,as well as developmental processes of seed,flower,and stem in longan.In addition,the transcript levels of DlAGOs in response to exogenous hormones,light and abiotic stress showed differences in expression patterns.These results provide the useful information for further elucidation of RNAi-mediated gene silencing in longan embryogenic callus (EC).