mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Joint 3D Trajectory and Resource Optimization for A UAV Relay-Assisted Cognitive Radio Network

In this paper, we consider a new spectrum sharing scenario for a cognitive relay network, where a secondary unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) relay receives information from the ground secondary base station (SBS) and transmits information to the ground secondary user (SU), coexisting with the primary users (PUs) at the same wireless frequency band. We investigate the optimization of the UAV relay’s three-dimensional (3D) trajectory to improve the communication throughput performance of the secondary network subject to the interference constraints of the PUs. The information throughput maximization problem is studied by jointly optimizing the UAV relay’s 3D trajectory and the transmit power of the SBS and the UAV, subject to the constraints on the velocity and elevation of the UAV relay, the maximum and average transmit power, and the information causality, as well as a set of interference temperature (IT) constraints. An efficient algorithm is proposed to solve the admittedly challenging non-convex problem by using the path discretization technique, the successive convex approximation technique and the alternating optimization method. Finally, simulation results are provided to show that our proposed design outperforms other benchmark schemes in terms of the throughput.
Novel role of LINC01013/miR-6795-5p/FMNL3 axis in the regulation of hepatocellular carcinoma stem cell features

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are major contributors to tumor initiation, recurrence, and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Some long non-coding RNAs have been reported as modulators of stem-like properties in cancer cells. However, the role of LINC01013 in liver CSCs has not yet been clarified. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the expression pattern and functions of LINC01013 in HCC. HCC tissues and normal controls were collected, and the expression pattern of LINC01013 and miR-6795-5p was identified by quick real-time polymerase chain reaction. Cell counting kit-8 assay, colony formation, and spheroid formation were performed to measure cell viability, proliferation, and self-renewal of HCC cell lines. The expression of stem markers was detected by western blot analysis. The effect of LINC01013 on viability, proliferation, and stem-like properties was detected through gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments. The direct interaction among LINC01013, miR-6795-5p, and FMNL3 was testified by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Tumor-bearing mice were constructed to ascertain the functions of LINC01013 in vivo. HCC tissues showed increased LINC01013 and FMNL3 expression, while it showed a decreased miR-6795-5p expression as compared to the relative controls. Moreover, the high level of LINC01013 was closely related to the poor prognosis of HCC patients. LINC01013 directly binds to miR-6795-5p and subsequently relieves FMNL3. Silencing LINC01013, FMNL3, or overexpression of miR-6795-5p could suppress spheroid and colony formation, proliferation, as well as expression of stemness markers in HepG2 and SNU-182 cells. LINC01013 knockdown suppressed growth and stem-like traits of HCC cells in vivo by reducing FMNL3 expression. LINC01013/miR-6795-5p/FMNL3 axis may be a novel therapeutic target for HCC.
The Effects of Reclamation Activity and Yellow River Runoff on Coastline and Area of the Laizhou Bay, China

Study on morphological changes of a bay can help to identify the effects of anthropogenic activities on coastal environment and guide the exploration of marine resources. In this paper, morphological data including coastline and water areas in five discrete years between 1968 and 2015 were selected and extracted from the remote sensing images and historical marine charts to study the morphological changes in Laizhou Bay (LZB), one of the bays in the southwest of the Bohai Sea. A systematic analysis on spatial variations of the coastline and the surface areas of different types of waters in LZB was conducted. The results showed that the surface area of LZB was decreased by 1253.2 km2 in the last half century, which is 17.4% of the total in the 1970s. The areas of the natural wetland and the intertidal zone were decreased by 17.2% and 56.1%, respectively, and the average water depth varied from 9.05 m to 8.16 m at low tide level from 1968 to 2015. The coastline and shape variations of the bay turned to be complex after the 1980s, and the shape index of LZB showed an increasing trend in more recent years. The centroid of the bay generally migrated to the northeast direction, i.e., the direction of the center of the Bohai Sea, and the shrinking direction of the bay was consistent with the migration direction of the coastline. The reclamation area during 1968-2015 in LZB was 1201.7 km2, and 94.1% was in the intertidal zone. The overall morphological change of the bay during the last half century was mainly controlled by the coastal reclamation activities, and the Yellow River runoff including the river course change and sediment load variation was also an important controlling factor.
PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling as Targets for Developing Anticancer Agents from Marine Organisms

The PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway is one of the most frequently dysregulated pathways in cancer. Targeting the PI3K-mediated pathway has been an important strategy for developing novel anticancer agents. In the past decades, more than 40 inhibitors of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway have been developed at different clinical stages. Temsirolimus, everolimus, idelalisib, and copanlisib have been approved for clinical use by the Food and Drug Administration of the United States (FDA). However, the toxicity and drug resistance limit their efficiency in the treatment. Novel compounds with greater potency and selectivity, as well as improved therapeutic indices with reduced toxicity, are clearly required. Over the past three decades, a lot of bioactive ingredients with anticancer effects by affecting the PI3K-mediated pathways have been found from marine organisms. In the present mini-review, anticancer compounds from marine source that target the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling were reviewed. The molecular entities and their modes of action were presented. The marine compounds targeting special factors of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR were highlighted.
Changes in the Photosynthetic Pigment Contents and Transcription Levels of Phycoerythrin-Related Genes in Three Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis Strains Under Different Light Intensities

Three Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis strains, including wild type and high-temperature-resistant cultivars 981 and 2007, were studied with the changes in their photosynthetic pigment contents and related gene transcription levels under different light intensities (10, 60, 100, and 200 μmol m~(-2) s~(-1)). The three G. lemaneiformis strains had the following photosynthetic pigments with high-to-low contents: phycoerythrin (PE), phycocyanin (PC), allophycocyanin (APC), and chlorophyll a (Chl a). Among the three strains, cultivar 981 had the highest PE content, followed by cultivar 2007. The PC and APC contents were similar among the three strains, but they were higher in cultivars 981 and 2007 than in the wild type. The Chl a contents in the three G. lemaneiformis strains were equal. A low light intensity (10 μmol m~(-2) s~(-1)) promoted photosynthetic pigment accumulation in G. lemaneiformis and improved the relative PE gene transcription (peA and peB) in a short period (≤ 6 d). A high light intensity decreased the PE content. PebA and PebB, which catalyzed phycoerythrobilin synthesis, showed no compensatory upregulation at a low light intensity among the strains except for the wild type. At a high light intensity, transcription levels of pebA and pebB in the three strains were upregulated. This study provided an experimental basis for elucidating the photosynthesis of G. lemaneiformis. As key genes of algal growth, photosynthesis- related genes served as useful gene markers for screening elite varieties with good traits in breeding. Cultivar 2007 was superior to cultivar 981 in terms of maintaining high pigment levels in a wide range of light intensities, which is the most suitable for aquaculture.
Edge Computing-Based Joint Client Selection and Networking Scheme for Federated Learning in Vehicular IoT

In order to support advanced vehicular Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications, information exchanges among different vehicles are required to find efficient solutions for catering to different application requirements in complex and dynamic vehicular environments. Federated learning (FL), which is a type of distributed learning technology, has been attracting great interest in recent years as it performs knowledge exchange among different network entities without a violation of user privacy. However, client selection and networking scheme for enabling FL in dynamic vehicular environments, which determines the communication delay between FL clients and the central server that aggregates the models received from the clients, is still under-explored. In this paper, we propose an edge computing-based joint client selection and networking scheme for vehicular IoT. The proposed scheme assigns some vehicles as edge vehicles by employing a distributed approach, and uses the edge vehicles as FL clients to conduct the training of local models, which learns optimal behaviors based on the interaction with environments. The clients also work as forwarder nodes in information sharing among network entities. The client selection takes into account the vehicle velocity, vehicle distribution, and the wireless link connectivity between vehicles using a fuzzy logic algorithm, resulting in an efficient learning and networking architecture. We use computer simulations to evaluate the proposed scheme in terms of the communication overhead and the information covered in learning.
Long non-coding RNA SNHG14 aggravates LPS-induced acute kidney injury through regulating miR-495-3p/HIPK1

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a complex syndrome with an abrupt decrease of kidney function, which is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Sepsis is the common cause of AKI. Mounting evidence has demonstrated that long non-coding RNAs (IncRNAs) play critical roles in the development and progression of sepsis-induced AKI. In this study, we aimed to illustrate the function and mechanism of IncRNA SNHG14 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced AKI. We found that SNHG14 was highly expressed in the plasma of sepsis patients with AKI. SNHG14 inhibited cell proliferation and autophagy and promoted cell apoptosis and inflammatory cytokine production in LPS-stimulated HK-2 cells. Functionally, SNHG14 acted as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to negatively regulate miR-495-3p expression in HK-2 cells. Furthermore, we identified that HIPK1 is a direct target of miR-495-3p in HK-2 cells. We also revealed that the SNHG14/miR-495-3p/HIPK1 interaction network regulated HK-2 cell proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, and inflammatory cytokine production upon LPS stimulation. In addition, we demonstrated that the SNHG14/miR-495-3p/HIPK1 interaction network regulated the production of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) via modulating NF-KB/p65 signaling in LPS-challenged HK-2 cells. In conclusion, our findings suggested a novel therapeutic axis of SNHG14/miR-495-3p/HIPK1 to treat sepsis-induced AKI.
Indices and Stability of the Lagrangian System on Riemannian Manifold

In this paper, let m ≥ 1 be an integer, M be an m-dimensional compact Riemannian manifold. Firstly the linearized Poincare map of the Lagrangian system at critical point x d/dtL_q(t, x, x) - L_p(t, x, x) = 0 is explicitly given, then we prove that Morse index and Maslov-type index of x are well defined whether the manifold M is orientable or not via the parallel transport method which makes no appeal to unitary trivialization and establish the relation of Morse index and Maslov-type index, finally derive a criterion for the instability of critical point and orientation of M and obtain the formula for two Maslov-type indices.
Polysaccharide-based supramolecular drug delivery systems mediated via host-guest interactions of cucurbiturils

With excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability, natural polysaccharides and their derivatives have exhibited great potential in constructing drug delivery vehicles for tissue engineering and therapeutics. Cucurbit[n]uril (CB[n])-mediated reversible crosslinking of polysaccharides possess intrinsic stimuli-responsiveness towards competitive guests and have been extensively investigated to fabricate various particles and hydrogels for multiple stimuli-responsive drug release by incorporation with other stimuli including photo, redox, and enzyme. Through host-guest interactions between CB[6] and aliphatic diamines, functional tags covalently connected with CB[6] can be readily anchored into polysaccharide-based hydrogels, realizing multiple functionalization. The rheological property and drug release profile of polysaccharide-based supramolecular hydrogels can be facilely tuned through CB[8]-mediated dynamic homo or hetero crosslinking of polysaccharides and/or other polymers. In this review, we introduce and summarize recent progress regarding polysaccharide-based supramolecular drug delivery systems mediated via host-guest interactions of CB[6] and CB[8], covering both bulk hydrogels and particular systems. At the end, possible utilization of CB[7]-based host-guest interactions in constructing polysaccharide-based drug delivery systems and future perspectives of this research direction are also discussed.
Immunogenicity and safety of a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 inactivated vaccine in healthy adults: randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled phase 1 and phase 2 clinical trials

Background: The significant morbidity and mortality resulted from the infection of a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) call for urgent development of effective and safe vaccines. We report the immunogenicity and safety of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, KCONVAC, in healthy adults. Methods: Phase 1 and phase 2 randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled trials of KCONVAC were conducted in healthy Chinese adults aged 18 to 59 years. The participants in the phase 1 trial were randomized to receive two doses, one each on Days 0 and 14, of either KCONVAC (5 or 10 mg/dose) or placebo. The participants in the phase 2 trial were randomized to receive either KCONVAC (at 5 or 10 mg/dose) or placebo on Days 0 and 14 (0/14 regimen) or Days 0 and 28 (0/28 regimen). In the phase 1 trial, the primary safety endpoint was the proportion of participants experiencing adverse reactions/events within 28 days following the administration of each dose. In the phase 2 trial, the primary immunogenicity endpoints were neutralization antibody seroconversion and titer and anti-receptor-binding domain immunoglobulin G seroconversion at 28 days after the second dose. Results: Inthe phase1 trial, 60 participants were enrolled andreceived at least one dose of 5-mgvaccine(n = 24), 10-mgvaccine(n = 24), or placebo (n = 12). In the phase 2 trial, 500 participantswere enrolled and received at least one dose of 5-mg vaccine (n = 100 for 0/14 or 0/28 regimens), 10-mg vaccine (n = 100 for each regimen), or placebo (n = 50 for each regimen). In the phase 1 trial, 13 (54%), 11 (46%), and seven (7/12) participants reported at least one adverse event (AE) after receiving 5-, 10-mg vaccine, or placebo, respectively. In the phase 2 trial, 16 (16%), 19 (19%), and nine (18%)0/14-regimen participants reported at least oneAEafter receiving 5-, 10-mg vaccine, or placebo, respectively. Similar AE incidences were observed in the three 0/28-regimen treatment groups.No AEs with an intensity of grade 3+ were reported, expect for one vaccine-unrelated seriousAE(foot fracture) reported in the phase 1 trial.KCONVACinduced significant antibody responses; 0/28 regimen showed a higher immune responses than that did 0/14 regimen after receiving two vaccine doses. Conclusions: Both doses of KCONVAC are well tolerated and able to induce robust immune responses in healthy adults. These results support testing 5-mg vaccine in the 0/28 regimen in an upcoming phase 3 efficacy trial.
Nanocrystallization-locked Network of Poly(styrene-b-isobutylene-bstyrene)- g-Polytetrahydrofuran Block Graft Copolymer

Poly(styrene-b-isobutylene-b-styrene) triblock copolymer (SIBS), a kind of thermoplastic elastomer with biocompatibility and biostability containing fully saturated soft segments, could be synthesized via living cationic copolymerization. A novel poly[(styrene-comethylstyrene)- b-isobutylene-b-(styrene-co-methylstyrene)]-g-polytetrahydrofuran (M-SIBS-g-PTHF) block graft copolymer was prepared to increase the polarity and service temperature of SIBS by grafting polar PTHF segments onto SIBS. A series of the above block graft copolymers with average grafting numbers from 2 to 6 and molecular weights of PTHF branches ranging from 200 g·mol~(-1) to 4200 g·mol~(-1) were successfully synthesized via living cationic ring-opening polymerization of tetrahydrofuran (THF) coinitiated by AgClO_4. The introduction of PTHF branches led to an obvious microphase separation due to thermodynamic incompatibility among the three kinds of segments of polyisobutylene (PIB), polystyrene (PS) and PTHF. Moreover, the microphase separation promotes the rearrangement of PTHF branches to form the nanocrystallizationlocked physically cross-linked network after storage at room temperature for 2 months, leading to insolubility of the copolymers even in good solvents. The melting temperature and enthalpy of PTHF nanocrystallization locked in hard domains of M-SIBS-g5-PTHF-1.1k block graft copolymer increased remarkably up to 153 °C and 117.0 J·g~(-1) by 23 °C and 11.6 J·g~(-1) respectively after storage for long time. Storage modulus (G') is higher than loss modulus (G'') of M-SIBS-g-PTHF block graft copolymer at temperatures ranging from 100 °C to 180 °C, which is much higher than those of the SIBS triblock copolymer. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of high performance M-SIBS-g-PTHF block graft copolymers containing segments of PIB, PS and PTHF with nanocrystallization-locked architecture.
Smog Chamber Study on the Ozone Formation Potential of Acetaldehyde

Acetaldehyde is one of the important VOC species of O_3 precursors in the atmospheric environment. The influences of relative humidity (RH) and initial VOC/NO_x ratio (R_(CN)) on the formation of O_3 are studied in smog chamber experiments, and the MCM v3.3.1 mechanism of acetaldehyde is modified based on the experimental results. In low-RH conditions (RH = 11.6%±1.1%), the O_3 concentration at 6 h increases first and then decreases with the increase of R_(CN), and the R_(CN) at the inflection point of O_3 concentrations is 3.2. In high-RH experiments (RH = 78.8%±1.0%), variation of the O_3 concentration at 6 h with R_(CN) is similar to that in low-RH experiments, but the R_(CN) at the inflection point is 2.8. RH has no significant effect on the O_3 concentrations under low R_(CN) (< 3), whereas it has a negative effect under high R_(CN) (> 3). Compared with the experimental results, original MCM v3.3.1 greatly underestimates the O_3 concentrations. Addition of both the photolysis process of peroxyacetyl nitrate and the photolysis process of HNO_3 on the reactor surface into the original MCM can reduce the difference between the simulated O_3 concentrations and the experimental results at 6 h from 24%-35% and 17%-49% to 6%-26% and 10%-42% under low- and high-RH conditions, respectively. The maximum incremental reactivity (MIR) of acetaldehyde simulated with the modified MCM is 4.0 ppb ppb-1 without considering the effect of other VOCs.
Structural limiting factors of mixed-valent tin oxides in photoelectrochemical application: A comparative exploration

Photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) materials for harvesting solar energy can be discovered from existing photocatalytic semiconductors. Nonetheless, mixed valence tin oxides, a group of widely reported visible light active photocatalysts, can hardly be developed into efficient PEC photoelectrodes. To overcome this difficulty by clarifying its origin, two typical mixed valence tin oxides, Sn2+:SnO_2 microrods and porous Sn3O4 particles were deliberately prepared as the models. Sn2+:SnO_2 microrods of less porosity exhibited a photocurrent over ten times higher than Sn3O4 particles. Photo-electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed this was due to their charge kinetics difference, specifically the internal transport/- transfer responding to the morphology. Moreover, hydroxyl residuals from synthesis were found to be very inhibitive for the PEC efficiency as well, which was in coherence with our TGA and Raman spectroscopic study. These finding experimentally proved the necessity of reconsidering the surface area, crystallinity, and defects when developing photocatalysts into efficient PEC structures.
β-MnO_2 with proton conversion mechanism in rechargeable zinc ion battery

Rechargeable aqueous zinc ion battery (RAZIB) is a promising energy storage systemdue to its high safety, and high capacity. Among them, manganese oxides with low cost and low toxicity have drawn much attention. However, the under-debate proton reaction mechanism and unsatisfactory electrochemical performance limit their applications. Nanorod β-MnO_2 synthesized by hydrothermal method is used to investigate the reaction mechanism. As cathodematerials for RAZIB, the Zn//b-MnO_2 delivers 355 mAh g~(-1) (based on cathodemass) at 0.1 A g~(-1), and retain 110mAh g~(-1) after 1000 cycles at 0.2 A g~(-1). Different from conventional zinc ion insertion/ extraction mechanism, the proton conversion and Mn ion dissolution/deposition mechanism of β-MnO_2 is proposed by analyzing the evolution of phase, structure, morphology, and element of β-MnO_2 electrode, the pH change of electrolyte and the determination of intermediate phase MnOOH. Zinc ion, as a kind of Lewis acid, also provides protons through the formation of ZHS in the proton reaction process. This study of reaction mechanism provides a new perspective for the development of Zn//MnO_2 battery chemistry.
Pyridinic nitrogen enriched porous carbon derived from bimetal organic frameworks for high capacity zinc ion hybrid capacitors with remarkable rate capability

Aqueous zinc ion hybrid capacitors (ZIHCs) hold great potential for large-scale energy storage applications owing to their high safety and low cost, but suffer from low capacity and energy density. Herein, pyridinic nitrogen enriched porous carbon (nPC) was successfully synthesized via the growth, subsequent annealing and acid etching of bimetal organic frameworks for high capacity and safe ZIHCs with exceptional rate capability. Benefiting from the mesopores for easy ion diffusion, high electrical conductivity enabled by in-situ grown carbon nanotubes matrix and residual metal Co nanoparticles for fast electron transfer, sufficient micropores and high N content (8.9 at%) with dominated pyridinic N (54%) for enhanced zinc ion storage, the resulting nPC cathodes for ZIHCs achieved high capacities of 302 and 137 mAh g~(-1) at 1 and 18 A g~(-1), outperforming most reported carbon based cathodes. Theoretical results further disclosed that pyridinic N possessed larger binding energy of -4.99 eV to chemically coordinate with Zn~(2+) than other N species. Moreover, quasi-solid-state ZIHCs with gelatin based gel electrolytes exhibited high energy density of 157.6 Wh kg~(-1) at 0.69 kW kg~(-1), high safety and mechanical flexibility to withstand mechanical deformation and drilling. This strategy of developing pyridinic nitrogen enriched porous carbon will pave a new avenue to construct safe ZIHCs with high energy densities.