mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Circulating nucleic acids as liquid biopsies for disease prediction, screening and diagnosis

Liquid biopsy used molecular information in body liquid to perform early diagnosis, screening, monitoring, prognosis, and treatment of various diseases. Circulating free nucleic acids (cfNA) are important diagnostic biomarkers, providing a window to accurately and immediately observe the body’s vital activity status. With the development of gene sequencing technology and bioinformatics technology, genetic, epigenetic, and fragtomics alterations that can be detected in cfDNA, as well as the expression level of miRNA and cf-mRNA can be quantified, this can reflect its tissue origin, gene regulation, genome evolution, and disease pathogenesis. This review focuses on the clinical utility of cfNA in different body liquids (blood, urine, bile), and discusses the diagnostic efficacy and accuracy of cfNA as diagnostic biomarkers in a variety of diseases. Blood is widely used to diagnose various tissue lesions for liquid biopsies as a body fluid circulating throughout the body, reflecting the state of the entire body. Bile and urine, as local circulating body fluids, can better reflect the changing state of tissues around the biliary tract and tissues around the bladder, respectively. In addition, normalized sample preservation, cfNA extraction, and detection procedures will help the practical application of cfNA in the clinic.
Gut microbiota bridges dietary nutrients and host immunity

Dietary nutrients and the gut microbiota are increasingly recognized to cross-regulate and entrain each other, and thus affect host health and immune-mediated diseases. Here, we systematically review the current understanding linking dietary nutrients to gut microbiota-host immune interactions, emphasizing how this axis might influence host immunity in health and diseases. Of relevance, we highlight that the implications of gut microbiota-targeted dietary intervention could be harnessed in orchestrating a spectrum of immune-associated diseases.
An open-end high-power microwave-induced fracturing system for hard rock

Microwave pre-treatment is considered as a promising technique for alleviating cutter wear.This paper introduces a high-power microwave-induced fracturing system for hard rock.The test system consists of a high-power microwave subsystem (100 kW),a true triaxial testing machine,a dynamic monitoring subsystem,and an electromagnetic shielding subsystem.It can realize rapid microwave-induced fracturing,intelligent tuning of impedance,dynamic feedback under strong microwave fields,and active control of microwave parameters by addressing the following issues:the instability and insecurity of the system,the discharge breakdown between coaxial lines during high-power microwave output,and a lack of feedback of rock-microwave response.In this study,microwave-induced surface and borehole fracturing tests under true triaxial stress were carried out.Experimental comparisons imply that high-power microwave irradiation can reduce the fracturing time of hard rock and that the fracture range (160 mm) of a 915-MHz microwave source is about three times that of 2.45 GHz.After microwave-induced borehole fracturing,many tensile cracks occur on the rock surface and in the borehole:the maximum reduction of the P-wave velocity is 12.8%.The test results show that a high-power microwave source of 915 MHz is more conducive to assisting mechanical rock breaking and destressing.The system can promote the development of microwave-assisted rock breaking equipment.
A computational framework for improving genetic variants identification from 5,061 sheep sequencing data

Background Pan-genomics is a recently emerging strategy that can be utilized to provide a more comprehensive characterization of genetic variation. Joint calling is routinely used to combine identified variants across multiple related samples. However, the improvement of variants identification using the mutual support information from multiple samples remains quite limited for population-scale genotyping. Results In this study, we developed a computational framework for joint calling genetic variants from 5,061 sheep by incorporating the sequencing error and optimizing mutual support information from multiple samples' data. The variants were accurately identified from multiple samples by using four steps: (1) Probabilities of variants from two widely used algorithms, GATK and Freebayes, were calculated by Poisson model incorporating base sequencing error potential; (2) The variants with high mapping quality or consistently identified from at least two samples by GATK and Freebayes were used to construct the raw high-confidence identification (rHID) variants database; (3) The high confidence variants identified in single sample were ordered by probability value and controlled by false discovery rate (FDR) using rHID database; (4) To avoid the elimination of potentially true variants from rHID database, the variants that failed FDR were reexamined to rescued potential true variants and ensured high accurate identification variants. The results indicated that the percent of concordant SNPs and Indels from Freebayes and GATK after our new method were significantly improved 12%-32% compared with raw variants and advantageously found low frequency variants of individual sheep involved several traits including nipples number (GPC5), scrapie pathology (PAPSS2), seasonal reproduction and litter size (GRM1), coat color (RAB27A), and lentivirus susceptibility (TMEM154). Conclusion The new method used the computational strategy to reduce the number of false positives, and simultaneously improve the identification of genetic variants. This strategy did not incur any extra cost by using any additional samples or sequencing data information and advantageously identified rare variants which can be important for practical applications of animal breeding.
Quantitative analysis of collagen morphology in breast cancer from millimeter scale using multiphoton microscopy

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is now recognized as an important participant of tumor progression. As the most abundant extracellular matrix component in TME, collagen plays an important role in tumor development. The imaging study of collagen morphological feature in TME is of great significance for understanding the state of tumor. Multiphoton microscopy (MPM), based on second harmonic generation (SHG) and two-photon excitation fluorescence (TPEF), can be used to monitor the morphological changes of biological tissues without labeling. In this study, we used MPM for large-scale imaging of early invasive breast cancer from the tumor center to normal tissues far from the tumor. We found that there were significant differences in collagen morphology between breast cancer tumor boundary, near tumor transition region and normal tissues far from the tumor. Furthermore, the morphological feature of eight collagen fibers was extracted to quantify the variation trend of collagen in three regions. These results may provide a new perspective for the optimal negative margin width of breast-conserving surgery and the understanding of tumor metastasis.
Comparison of the emission wavelengths by a single fluorescent dye on in vivo 3-photon imaging of mouse brains

Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) is a powerful imaging technology for brain research.The imaging depth in MPM is partly determined by emission wavelength of fluorescent labels.It has been demonstrated that a longer emission wavelength is favorable for signal detection as imaging depth increases.However,there has been no comparison with near-infrared (NIR) emission.In order to quantitatively analyze the effect of emission wavelength on 3-photon imaging of mouse brains in vivo,we utilize the same excitation wavelength to excite a single fluorescent dye and simultaneously collect NIR and orange-red emission fluorescence at 828 nm and 620 nm,respectively.Both experimental and simulation results show that as the imaging depth increases,NIR emission decays less than orange-red fluorescent emission.These results show that it is preferable to shift the emission wavelength to NIR to enable more efficient signal collection deep in the brain.
High-performance envelope for low-carbon buildings

The building sector accounts for approximately 40% of global energy consumption and is responsible for about one-third of total greenhouse gas emissions annually. Given the growing emphasis on achieving “Carbon Neutral” targets, there is an urgent demand to advance high-performance buildings that exhibit lower direct and indirect carbon emissions. For this purpose, there is a rising research focus on enhancing high-performance building envelopes, aiming to make a more substantial contribution to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and enhance the energy flexibility of buildings while upholding high indoor environmental quality.
Hierarchical design of FeCo-based microchains for enhanced microwave absorption in C band

Microwave absorbing materials (MAMs) has been intensively investigated in order to meet the requirement of electromagnetic radiation control, especially in S and C band. In this work, FeCo-based magnetic MAMs are hydrothermally synthesized via a magnetic-field-induced process. The composition and morphology of the MAMs are capable of being adjusted simultaneously by the atomic ratio of Fe~(2+) to Co~(2+) in the precursor. The hierarchical magnetic microchain, which has a core-shell structure of twodimensional FexCo_(1-x)OOH nanosheets anchored vertically on the surface of a one-dimensional (1D) Co microchain, shows significantly enhanced microwave absorption in C band, resulting in a reflection loss (RL) of lower than -20 dB at frequencies ranging from 4.4 to 8.0 GHz under a suitable matching thickness. The magnetic coupling of Co microcrystals and the double-loss mechanisms out of the core-shell structure are considered to promote the microwave attenuation capability. The hierarchical design of 1D magnetic MAMs provides a feasible strategy to solve the electromagnetic pollution in C band.
Intrinsic conductive cellulose nanofiber induce room-temperature reversible and robust polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel for multifunctional self-healable biosensors

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels are widely used for flexible sensors by adding various conductive substances due to their excellent mechanical properties and self-healing properties.However,most of the conductive substances added to PVA hydrogel sensors are currently complicated to prepare,costly,and environmentally unfriendly.Herein,to overcome this challenge,we successfully prepared intrinsic conductive cellulose nanofiber (G-CNF) by simply applying sulfuric acid and a low-energy water bath with heat treatment,and obtained a powerful multifunctional self-healing PGC hydrogel biosensor using dynamic chemical cross-linking of PVA and borax with glycerol and G-CNF.The obtained PGC hydrogels have excellent mechanical properties (strain:950%),good adhesion ability,robust self-healing properties,and room-temperature reversibility,due to the presence of conductive networks and hydrogen bonds within PGC hydrogel.Especially,PGC hydrogels with the graphene structured G-CNF have a fast response to various signals and good stability with gauge factor (GF) values up to 1.83,as well as a sensitive response to temperature (temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) up to 1.9),which can be designed as a variety of biosensors,such as human motion monitoring,information encryption/transmission,and real-time temperature monitoring biosensors.Thus,PGC hydrogels as multifunctional self-healing hydrogel biosensors pave the way for the development of flexible biosensors in wearable devices,human-computer interaction,and artificial-related applications.
Metal halide perovskite nanocrystals with enhanced photoluminescence and stability toward anti-counterfeiting highperformance flexible fibers

As a new type of light-collecting and luminescent material,all-inorganic cesium lead halide CsPbX_3 (X = Cl,Br,I) perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) are expected to have a wide range of applications in the fields of photovoltaics,optoelectronics,and fluorescence anti-counterfeiting,etc.Therefore,improving the fluorescence performance and stability of CsPbX_3 perovskite NCs to prompt their applications would promise both fundamental and practical significance for in-depth research in the field of halide perovskites.In this paper,we developed a modification strategy to introduce a halogen source,zinc bromide (ZnBr_2) in hexane,to CsPbX_3 perovskite that can be conducted under atmospheric conditions with reduced reaction cost and easier operation.The first work in this paper was to apply the modification strategy to CsPbI_3 nanowires (NWs).Compared with the untreated NWs,the ZnBr_2/hexane modified CsPbI_3 NWs exhibited better fluorescence properties.Subsequently,based on the study of perovskite NWs,we investigated perovskite nanocrystal-CsPbI_3 nanorods (NRs) with different morphologies and sizes.It was found that the luminescence properties of nanorods (NRs) were superior.Later,we infiltrated the modified NRs into the aramid/polyphenylene sulfide (ACFs/PPS) composite paper yielded from our previous work to study its fluorescence performance for anti-counterfeiting.Their luminescence properties under ultraviolet light irradiation enable better performance in fluorescence anti-counterfeiting.The ZnBr_2/hexane modification strategy and the applications studied in this work will expand the scope of perovskite research,laying the foundation for the applications of fluorescent anti-counterfeiting,nano-photoelectric devices,and fluorescent composite materials.
Quick photofabrication of functional nanospheres from de novo designed peptides for NIR fluorescence and MR imaging

Combining the noncovalent and covalent interactions, a series of peptide amphiphiles were designed de novo and synthesized to architect functional assemblies by means of photochemistry. The strand of peptide sequence was structurally capped with photoactive tyrosine-tyrosine (YY) motifs at both termini, and the spacing was filled by alternating of hydrophilic D (L-aspartate) and hydrophobic X (ε-aminocaproic acid) structure. Upon visible-light irradiation, these de novo designed peptides underwent rapid photocrosslinking within merely 10 min. Interestingly, the modulation of alternating D-X pairs in occupying spacer would adjust molecular amphiphilicity, regulate charge distribution, and control particle size and loading capacity of peptide nanospheres (PNS) in aqueous media. With entirely peptide-based matrix, this PNS system could host cationic indicators of fluorescent rhodamine and magnetic GdIII for exemplar near infrared (NIR) fluorescence and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, which paves a pathway to biomaterial and biomedical applications using de novo designed peptides.
Ultra-sensitive and wide applicable strain sensor enabled by carbon nanofibers with dual alignment for human machine interfaces

Flexible strain sensors with high sensitivity, wide detection range, and low detection limit have continuously attracted great interest due to their tremendous application potential in areas such as health/medical-care, human-machine interface, as well as safety and security. While both of a high sensitivity and a wide working range are desired key parameters for a strain sensor, they are usually contrary to each other to be achieved on the same sensor due to the tightly structure dependence of both of them. Here, a flexible strain sensor with both high sensitivity and wide strain detection range is prepared based on the design of an integrated membrane containing both of parallel aligned and randomly aligned carbon nanofibers (CNFs). The parallel aligned CNF membrane (p-CNF) exhibits a low strain detection limit and high sensitivity, while the random aligned CNF membrane (r-CNF) exhibits a large strain detection range. Taking the advantages of both p-CNF and r-CNF, the strain sensor with stacked p-CNF and r-CNF (p/r-CNF) exhibits both high sensitivity and wide working range. Its gauge factor (GF) is 1,272 for strains under 0.5% and 2,266 for strain from 70% to 100%. At the same time, it can work in a wide strain range of 0.005% to 100%, fulfilling the requirements for accurately detecting full-range human motions. We demonstrated its applications in the recognition of facial expressions and joint movements. Furtherly, we constructed an intelligent lip-language recognition system, which can accurately track phonetic symbols and may help people with language disabilities, proving the potential of this strain sensor in health management and medical assistance. Besides, we foresee that the dual-alignment structure design of the p/r-CNF strain sensor may also be applied in the design of other high performance sensors.
Two-dimensional capillaries assembled by van der Waals heterostructures

Research on two-dimensional materials in the past decades has brought many insights of low-dimensional science on a wide range of related topics. As a novel two-dimensional structure, the atomic-scale capillaries which can conceptually be seen as the empty space left by removing few layers of two-dimensional materials from their bulk van der Waals crystals offer a unique platform of investigating physical and chemical processes of ions, molecules, and atoms under two-dimensional confinements. Investigation of many important problems, such as capillary condensation and water network structure that are difficult to be explored experimentally in other confinement structures, has now been accessible; two-dimensional migration of ions, water, and gases shows abnormal transport properties beyond conventional theory prediction; influence of quantum effect to molecule permeation is observable even at room temperature. All these discoveries greatly extend our fundamental understandings of nano-science, and stimulate the development of potential applications. We review the fabrication of these two-dimensional capillaries which are created by the assembly of van der Waals heterostructures, and discuss the ultimate steric effects in the smallest possible confinements. Exotic interactions between capillary interior and confined particles are also summarized. When coupled with external stimuli, these channels exhibit tunable mass transport behaviors, which not only gives feedback to the mechanism understanding but in turn guides the channel structure optimization.
CNTs/CNF-supported multi-active components as highly efficient bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts and their applications in zincair batteries

Rational construction of active components has been the biggest challenge in preparing efficient bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts.Herein,electrospinning and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) were employed to embed active species including FeCo nanoparticles,MNx (M = Fe,Co),and FePx in porous and graphitized carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/carbon nanofiber (CNF).The as-prepared FeCo@CoNx@FePx/C exhibited a half-wave potential as high as 0.86 V in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and low oxygen evolution reaction (OER) overpotential of 368 mV at 10 mA·cm~(-2),which are superior to Pt/C (0.83 V) and IrO_2 (375 mV) respectively.The assembled Zn-air battery (ZAB) showed a high energy efficiency (Edischarge/Echarge) of 65% at 20 mA·cm~(-2) and stabilized for 700 charge-discharge cycles.The spectroscopic and microscopic characterizations evidenced that the outstanding bifunctionality of the electrocatalyst can be ascribed to three main reasons:First,FeCo nanoparticles are rich in MOH/MOOH active sites for OER,and FePx/CNTs constructed with CVD also modulate electronic structure to improve electron transfer;second,both MNx in carbon matrix and FePx/CNTs are highly active towards ORR;third,the CNTs/CNF are highly porous and graphitized,which promotes mass transport and improves electrical conductivity and stability of the electrocatalysts.This work gives important implications on the design of bifunctional electrocatalysts.
Solvent sieving separators implement dual electrolyte for highvoltage lithium-metal batteries

Lithium-metal batteries (LMBs) based on high-voltage cathodes would deliver high specific energy density to meet the demand of future energy storage.However,developing liquid electrolytes with wide electrochemical window for high-energy LMBs is intrinsically challenging.Herein,we demonstrate metal-organic framework-functionalized separators (PE@MOF) with solvent sieving capability that implement dual electrolyte for LMBs.The capability of PE@MOF separator to block the diffusion of liquid electrolytes has been investigated.The PE@MOF separator notably suppresses solvents shuttling,enabling the independent optimization of cathode-electrolyte and anode-electrolyte interfaces.By adapting commercial carbonate and ether electrolytes on cathode and anode sides,respectively,robust cathode-electrolyte interphase (CEI) and solid electrolyte interface (SEI) have been built on both electrodes.The lifespan of LiCoO_2 (LCO)|Li full cell has been notably extended when using dual electrolyte and the solvent-sieving PE@MOF separator.This work demonstrates a new strategy to separately optimize the local environments at electrodes and to develop high-energy LMBs using low-cost and commercially available electrolytes.
Reducing surficial and interfacial defects by thiocyanate ionic liquid additive and ammonium formate passivator for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells

Organic-inorganic metal halide perovskites have attained extensive attention owing to their outstanding photovoltaic performances,but the existence of numerous defects in crystalline perovskites is still a serious constraint for the further development of perovskite solar cells (PSCs).In particular,the rapid crystallization guided by anti-solvents leads to plenty of surficial and interfacial defects in perovskite films.Herein,we report the adoption of a pseudo-halide anion based ionic liquid additive,1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate (BMIMSCN) for growing ternary cation (CsFAMA,where FA = formamidinium and MA = methylammonium) perovskites with large-scale crystal grains and strong preferential orientation via the enhanced Ostwald ripening.Meanwhile,a novel halide-free passivator,benzylammonium formate (BAFa),was employed as a buffering layer on the perovskite films to suppress surface-dominated charge recombination.As a result,the cooperative effects of BMIMSCN additive and BAFa passivator lead to significant enhancements on fluorescence lifetime (from 79.41 to 201.01 ns),open-circuit voltage (from 1.13 to 1.19 V),and photoelectric conversion efficiency (from 18.90% to 22.33%).Moreover,the BMIMSCN/BAFa-CsFAMA PSCs demonstrated greatly improved stability against moisture and heat.This work suggests a promising strategy to improve the quality of perovskite materials via reducing the surficial and interfacial defects by the synergistic effects of lattice doping and interface engineering.