mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Well-dispersed porous Fe-N-C catalyst towards the high-selective and high-efficiency conversion of CO_2 to CO

In this study, through direct pyrolysis of a nitrogen-rich metal-organic framework of Fe-BTT at different temperatures and followed by acid treatment, we prepared a series of Fe-N-C_T (T = 80 0-10 0 0 °C) composite catalysts with uniform cubic morphology and homogeneously distributed active sites. Acid leaching leads to the removal of excess Fe NPs and the exposure of more pyridinic N and porphyrin-like Fe-N_x sites and creates a higher specific surface area. Structural and electrochemical performance test results showed that Fe-N-C_(900) catalyst exhibited the highest selectivity for CO product at-1.2 V vs. Ag/AgCl, with 496 mV of overpotential and 86.8% of Faraday efficiency, as well as excellent long-term stability, due to the good inheritance from rich-N Fe-BTT precursor.
Self-assembly behavior of disaccharide-containing supra-amphiphiles

In this paper, supra-amphiphilic compounds containing disaccharides and azobenzene ends have been constructed via dynamic covalent bond. It was found that the slight structural difference of the disaccharides made significant difference in the self-assembled morphologies. Namely, three kinds of azodisaccharide supra-amphiphiles were found to assemble into different morphologies, with the only difference in chemical structure from the disaccharides. More importantly, the structural difference between the disaccharides, including lactoside, maltoside and cellobioside was trivial. Molecular simulation revealed the packing of molecules was due to the different contribution from hydrogen bonds. The above results clearly indicated the contribution of saccharide packing, especially the related hydrogen bonding, to the final morphology of the assembled structures.
N- Heterocyclic carbene catalyzed C -acylation reaction for access to linear aminoenones

An N -heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed carbonyl nucleophilic substitution reaction between 1- cyclopropylcarbaldehydes and N- sulfonyl imines is developed for access to linear β-aminoenone products. The β-aminoenones containing cyclopropyl fragments can be afforded in moderate to excellent yields under mild conditions. The reaction features excellent trans -diastereoselectivities and the desired aminoenone products are all afforded as Z -isomers.
Enantiomeric hybrid high-temperature multiaxial ferroelectrics with a narrow bandgap and high piezoelectricity

Ferroelectric semiconductors have sparked growing attention in the field of optoelectronics, due to their unique ferroelectric photovoltaic effect. Recently, substantial efforts have been devoted to the development of ferroelectric semiconductors, including inorganic oxides, organic-inorganic hybrids, and metal-free perovskites. Nevertheless, reports of ferroelectric semiconductors with a bandgap of less than 2 eV have been scarce. Here, in combination with the incorporation of triiodide (I_3~-) and the introduction of chiral cations, we successfully constructed a pair of enantiomeric organic-inorganic hybrid ferroelectric semiconductors, (S-1,2-DAP·I)4·I_3·BiI_6 and (R-1,2-DAP·I)4·I_3·BiI_6 (R/S-1,2-DAP=(R/S)-(-)- 1,2-diaminopropane), which possess high-temperature multiaxial ferroelectric phase transition with an Aizu notation of 422F2(s) at 405 K, a narrow bandgap of 1.56 eV comparable to that of CH_3NH_3PbI_3 (~1.5 eV), and an impressive piezoelectric response (piezoelectric coefficient, d_(22) of 35 pC/N) on par with PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride, 30 pC/N). With intriguing attributes, (S-1,2-DAP·I)_4·I_3 ·BiI_6 and (R-1,2- DAP·I)_4·I_3·BiI_6 exhibit great potential for application of self-power polarized-light detection and piezoelectric sensors.
Ethylene glycol-regulated ammonium vanadate with stable layered structure and favorable interplanar spacing as high-performance cathode for aqueous zinc ion batteries

Ammonium vanadate compounds featuring large capacity, superior rate capability and light weight are regarded as promising cathode materials for aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs). However, the controllable synthesis of desired ammonium vanadates remains a challenge. Herein, various ammonium vanadate compounds were successfully prepared by taking advantage of ethylene glycol (EG) regulated polyolreduction strategy and solvent effect via hydrothermal reaction. The morphology and crystalline phase of resultant products show an evolution from dendritic (NH_4)_2V_6O_(16) to rod-like NH_4V_4O_(10) and finally to lamellar (NH_4)_2V_4O_9 as increasing the amount of EG. Specifically, the NH_4V_4O_(10) product exhibits a high initial capacity of 427.5 mAh/g at 0.1 A/g and stable cycling with a capacity retention of 90.4% after 5000 cycles at 10 A/g. The relatively excellent electrochemical performances of NH_4V_4O_(10) can be ascribed to the stable open-framework layered structure, favorable (001) interplanar spacing, and peculiar rod-like morphology, which are beneficial to the highly reversible Zn~(2+) storage behaviors. This work offers a unique way for the rational design of high-performance cathode materials for AZIBs.
Comparative transcriptome and lipidome reveal that a low K~+ signal effectively alleviates the effect induced by Ca~(2+) deficiency in cotton fibers

Calcium (Ca~(2+)) plays an important role in determining plant growth and development because it maintains cell wall and membrane integrity.Therefore,understanding the role of Ca~(2+) in carbon and lipid metabolism could provide insights into the dynamic changes in cell membranes and cell walls during the rapid elongation of cotton fibers.In the present study,we found that the lack of Ca~(2+) promoted fiber elongation and rapid ovule expansion,but it also caused tissue browning in the ovule culture system.RNA-sequencing revealed that Ca~(2+) deficiency induced cells to be highly oxidized,and the expression of genes related to carbon metabolism and lipid metabolism was activated significantly.All gene members of nine key enzymes involved in glycolysis were up-regulated,and glucose was significantly reduced in Ca~(2+) deficiency-treated tissues.Ca~(2+) deficiency adjusted the flowing of glycolysis metabolic.However,low K~+ recovered the expression levels of glycolysis genes and glucose content caused by Ca~(2+) deficiency.Electrospray ionizationtandem mass spectrometry technology was applied to uncover the dynamic profile of lipidome under Ca~(2+) and K~+ interacted conditions.Ca~(2+) deficiency led to the decrease of fatty acid (FA),diacylglycerol (DAG),glycolipid and the significant increase of triacylglycerol (TAG),phospholipid phosphatidylethanolamine (PE),phosphatidylglycerol (PG),and PC (phosphatidylcholine).Low K~+ restored the contents of FA,phospholipids,and glycolipids,effectively relieved the symptoms caused by Ca~(2+) deficiency,and recovered the development of fiber cells.This study revealed dynamic changes in transcript and metabolic levels and uncovered the signaling interaction of Ca~(2+) deficiency and low K~+ in glycolysis and lipid metabolism during fiber development.
Asset specificity and farmers' intergenerational succession willingness of apple management

Understanding the factors behind apple farmers' willingness to pass on the management of their farms to their descendants is crucial to the continuity of apple production.Due to the high specificity of the human capital,physical assets,land assets,and geographical location in apple production,this study used a binary logistic regression and a mediating effect model to explore the impact of asset specificity on farmers' intergenerational succession willingness of apple management (FISWAM) and to examine the mediating effects of loss aversion in the impact of asset specificity on the FISWAM.The results showed that about 18.68% of the respondents expressed willingness to transfer their apple business between generations,and the FISWAM was generally weak.In addition to the negative impact of geographical location specificity (GLS),human capital specificity (HCS),physical assets specificity (PAS),and land assets specificity (LAS) can enhance the FISWAM.Loss aversion plays a partial mediating role in the impact of PAS,LAS,and GLS on the FISWAM.
Unexpected bonds:ubiquitin-like conjugation of cGAS/CD-NTases supports their enzymatic activity and antiphage defense

In their recently published study in Nature,Jenson et al.provide compelling,unexpected evidence that bacterial cGAMP synthase (cGAS) and other cGAS/DncV-like Nucleotidyltransferases (CD-NTase) undergo ubiquitin-like conjugation (ULC) in type-ll cyclic-oligonucleotide-based anti-phage signaling systems (CBASS).cGAS conjugation promotes cyclic-nucleotide (CN) formation and thus antiphage defense.Furthermore,the authors also reveal a new class of phage-encoded CBASS inhibitor,T4 Vs.4,a CN-sponge which limits CBASS effector function and promotes phage replication,revealing another weapon in the "arms race" between phages and their bacterial hosts.
IRF7 and CTSS are pivotal for cutaneous wound healing and may serve as therapeutic targets

Adult cutaneous wounds typically result in deficient regeneration due to abnormal fibro-proliferative responses.The scarring,while conducive to preventing extended infection and loss of nutrients at the injury site,can be troublesome.2 In contrast,wound healing in embryos showes lower levels of inflammation and a remarkable capacity for remodeling.3 Interestingly,the capability of fetal scarless healing is age-dependent.As contrasted with the near-normal healing after the injury that occurs in the early gestational period (embryonic day 16,E16),wound healing in late gestation (embryonic day 18,E18) has prominent fibrosis.The mechanisms responsible for this transition are largely unknown.
Speed Identification of Speed Sensorless Linear Induction Motor Based on MRAS

In the linear induction motor control system, the optical grating speed transducer is susceptible to strong magnetic field interference. What's more, it may reduce motor integration and raise device costs. Therefore a speed identification method to replace grating speed transducer is studied in this article. This speed identification method for linear induction motor mainly adopts Model Reference Adaptive Method (Abbreviated as MRAS) and Popov Hyperstability Theory. The research content of this paper can be divided into four parts. First, the mathematical model of the motor based on the model reference adaptive system structure is deduced. Second, the adaptive law of the estimated speed is solved by Popov hyper-stability theory, which ensures the stability of the system. Third, the simulation model of the linear induction motor speed identification control system based on model reference adaptation is built in the MATLAB environment. Finally, the simulation test and analysis are carried out. The simulation results show that the speed identification control system can track the actual speed of the linear induction motor well in the no-load operation and the load operation, and the stability of the system is guaranteed in the full speed range.
Cascaded Model Predictive Control of Six-phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor with Fault Tolerant Ability

In the field of high-power electric drives, multiphase motors have the advantages of high power-density, excellent fault tolerance and control flexibility. But their decoupling control and modulation process are much more complicated compared with three-phase motors due to the increased degree of freedom. Finite control set model predictive control can reduce the difficulties of controlling six-phase motors because it does not require modulation process. In this paper, a cascaded model predictive control strategy is proposed for the optimal control of high-power six-phase permanent magnet synchronous motors. Firstly, the current prediction model of torque and harmonic subspaces are established by decoupling the six-phase spatial variables. Secondly, a cascaded cost function with fault-tolerant capability is proposed to eliminate the weighting factor in the cost function. And finally, the proposed strategy is demonstrated through theoretical analysis and experiments. It is validated that the proposed method is able to maintain excellent steady-state control accuracy and fast dynamic response while significantly reduce the control complexity of the system. Besides, it can easily achieve fault-tolerant operation under open-phase fault.
On four epibiotic peritrichous ciliates(Protozoa, Ciliophora) found in Lake Weishan Wetland: morphological and molecular data support the establishment of a new genus, Parapiosoma gen. nov., and two new species

During a study on the diversity of ciliated protists in Lake Weishan Wetland, the largest wetland in northern China, four epibiotic sessilid peritrichs were isolated from aquatic host animals. Two of them, i.e., Epistylis cambari Kellicott, 1885 and Epistylis lwoffi Faure-Fremiet, 1943, were known species whereas the other two, i.e., Parapiosoma typicum gen. nov., sp. nov. and Orborhabdostyla gracilis sp. nov., are new to science. The new genus Parapiosoma gen. nov. is characterized by its branched non-contractile stalk, everted peristomial lip, obconical macronucleus and transverse silverlines. Two species are assigned to the new genus, namely Parapiosoma typicum sp. nov. and Parapiosoma gasterostei(Faure-Fremiet, 1905) comb. nov. Morphologically, P. typicum sp. nov. is recognized by its goblet-shaped zooids, single-layered peristomial lip, dichotomously branched stalk, and infundibular polykinety 3(P3) containing three equal-length rows. Orborhabdostyla gracilis sp. nov. is characterized by its slender zooid, curved macronucleus, and three equal-length rows in infundibular P3. Improved diagnoses and redescriptions of E. cambari and E. lwoffi are provided including, for the first time, data on the ciliature of E. cambari. Phylogenetic analyses based on SSU rDNA, ITS1-5.8S rDNA -ITS2, and LSU rDNA sequence data strongly support the assertion that the family Epistylididae comprises morphospecies with different evolutionary lineages and indicate that Parapiosoma gen. nov. may represent a new taxon at family level.
Bispecific antibodies in cancer therapy: Target selection and regulatory requirements

In recent years, the development of bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) has been rapid, with many new structures and target combinations being created. The boom in bsAbs has led to the successive issuance of industry guidance for their development in the US and China. However, there is a high degree of similarity in target selection, which could affect the development of diversity in bsAbs. This review presents a classification of various bsAbs for cancer therapy based on structure and target selection and examines the advantages of bsAbs over monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Through database research, we have identified the preferences of available bsAbs combinations, suggesting rational target selection options and warning of potential wastage of medical resources. We have also compared the US and Chinese guidelines for bsAbs in order to provide a reference for their development.
Brain endothelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles with a mitochondria-targeting photosensitizer effectively treat glioblastoma by hijacking the blood–brain barrier

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive malignant brain tumor and has a high mortality rate. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a promising approach for the treatment of malignant brain tumors. However, the use of PDT for the treatment of GBM has been limited by its low blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability and lack of cancer-targeting ability. Herein, brain endothelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles (bEVs) were used as a biocompatible nanoplatform to transport photosensitizers into brain tumors across the BBB. To enhance PDT efficacy, the photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) was linked to mitochondria-targeting triphenylphosphonium (TPP) and entrapped into bEVs. TPPconjugated Ce6 (TPP-Ce6) selectively accumulated in the mitochondria, which rendered brain tumor cells more susceptible to reactive oxygen species-induced apoptosis under light irradiation. Moreover, the encapsulation of TPP-Ce6 into bEVs markedly improved the aqueous stability and cellular internalization of TPP-Ce6, leading to significantly enhanced PDT efficacy in U87MG GBM cells. An in vivo biodistribution study using orthotopic GBM-xenografted mice showed that bEVs containing TPP-Ce6 [bEV(TPP-Ce6)] substantially accumulated in brain tumors after BBB penetration via transferrin receptor-mediated transcytosis. As such, bEV(TPP-Ce6)-mediated PDT considerably inhibited the growth of GBM without causing adverse systemic toxicity, suggesting that mitochondria are an effective target for photodynamic GBM therapy.
A Data-Driven Rutting Depth Short-Time Prediction Model With Metaheuristic Optimization for Asphalt Pavements Based on RIOHTrack

Rutting of asphalt pavements is a crucial design criterion in various pavement design guides. A good road transportation base can provide security for the transportation of oil and gas in road transportation. This study attempts to develop a robust artificial intelligence model to estimate different asphalt pavements' rutting depth clips, temperature, and load axes as primary characteristics. The experiment data were obtained from 19 asphalt pavements with different crude oil sources on a 2.038 km long full-scale field accelerated pavement test track (Road Track Institute, RIOHTrack) in Tongzhou, Beijing. In addition, this paper also proposes to build complex networks with different pavement rutting depths through complex network methods and the Louvain algorithm for community detection. The most critical structural elements can be selected from different asphalt pavement rutting data, and similar structural elements can be found. An extreme learning machine algorithm with residual correction (RELM) is designed and optimized using an independent adaptive particle swarm algorithm. The experimental results of the proposed method are compared with several classical machine learning algorithms, with predictions of average root mean squared error (MSE), average mean absolute error (MAE), and average mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) for 19 asphalt pavements reaching 1.742, 1.363, and 1.94% respectively. The experiments demonstrate that the RELM algorithm has an advantage over classical machine learning methods in dealing with non-linear problems in road engineering. Notably, the method ensures the adaptation of the simulated environment to different levels of abstraction through the cognitive analysis of the production environment parameters. It is a promising alternative method that facilitates the rapid assessment of pavement conditions and could be applied in the future to production processes in the oil and gas industry.
Generating a sub-nanometer-confined optical field in a nanoslit waveguiding mode

We propose to generate a sub-nanometer-confined optical field in a nanoslit waveguiding mode in a coupled nanowire pair (CNP). We show that, when a conventional waveguide mode with a proper polarization is evanescently coupled into a properly designed CNP with a central nanoslit, it can be efficiently channeled into a high-purity nanoslit mode within a waveguiding length <10 μm. The CNP can be either freestanding or on-chip by using a tapered fiber or planar waveguide for input-coupling, with a coupling efficiency up to 95%. Within the slit region, the output diffraction-limited nanoslit mode offers an extremely confined optical field (~0.3 nm×3.3 nm) with a peak-to-background ratio higher than 25 dB and can be operated within a 200-nm bandwidth. The group velocity dispersion of the nanoslit mode for ultrafast pulsed operation is also briefly investigated. Compared with the previous lasing configuration, the waveguiding scheme demonstrated here is not only simple and straightforward in structural design but is also much flexible and versatile in operation. Therefore, the waveguiding scheme we show here may offer an efficient and flexible platform for exploring light-matter interactions beyond the nanometer scale, and developing optical technologies ranging from superresolution nanoscopy and atom/molecule manipulation to ultra-sensitivity detection.
Nonlinear harmonic wave manipulation in nonlinear scattering medium via scattering-matrix method

Scattering of waves, e.g., light, due to medium inhomogeneity is ubiquitous in physics and is considered detrimental for many applications. Wavefront shaping technology is a powerful tool to defeat scattering and focus light through inhomogeneous media, which is vital for optical imaging, communication, therapy, etc. Wavefront shaping based on the scattering matrix (SM) is extremely useful in handling dynamic processes in the linear regime. However, the implementation of such a method for controlling light in nonlinear media is still a challenge and has been unexplored until now. We report a method to determine the SM of nonlinear scattering media with second-order nonlinearity. We experimentally demonstrate its feasibility in wavefront control and realize focusing of nonlinear signals through strongly scattering quadratic media. Moreover, we show that statistical properties of this SM still follow the random matrix theory. The scatteringmatrix approach of nonlinear scattering medium opens a path toward nonlinear signal recovery, nonlinear imaging, microscopic object tracking, and complex environment quantum information processing.
THRIVE对胸腔镜肺切除术患者术后早期肺不张的影响

肺不张是胸科手术患者术后最常见的肺部并发症。全身麻醉期间应用肺复张技术或呼气末正压(PEEP)通气可有效减少术中肺不张的发生,然而其对术后肺复张无明显预防作用。因此,探讨减少或预防术后早期肺不张发生的有效措施具有临床意义。经鼻湿化快速充气交换通气(THRIVE)是指通过鼻导管直接将一定浓度的高流量空-氧混合气体经过加温加湿输送给患者的一种新型氧疗方式,可产生一定程度的PEEP效应,且正压效应随着流量的增加而增加。这种新型氧疗方法所产生的持续正压效应,可能对预防胸科手术后早期肺不张具有潜在价值。因此本研究拟评价THRIVE对胸腔镜肺切除术患者术后早期肺不张的影响。
中西医结合医学与未来新医学发展

中医药源于丰富的临床实践,至今仍然具有旺盛生命力。随着时代的进步和科技发展,西医学诊疗技术也快速发展。这两种不同的医学体系相结合而形成的中西医结合对我国健康事业的发展起到了积极作用,也成为我国医疗卫生事业的基本工作方针。当前,医学科技与现代信息技术等的交叉融合正在改变诊治模式。笔者从系统科学角度出发认为,当信息量积累到一定程度,"1+1"的相互作用,可能产生新的内容,这可能就是未来的新医学,也是追求的"1+1>2"的效果。源于传统,突破传统,是从中西医结合医学走向未来新医学的路径。本文结合笔者团队在类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)和肿瘤等领域的研究,重点讨论新医学如何基于中医学辨证、西医疾病诊断和医学大数据建立一种新的健康分类方法,并在新分类的基础上,讨论组合药物、组合治疗模式,以及展示新医学分子与分子之间、分子与人体之间相互作用的动力学关系。期望通过这三方面特征的呈现,尝试构建一种新医学的理论框架。
胎盘与胎盘植入

近年来,越来越多的临床研究指出,以胎盘为主体的母胎界面微环境对胎儿生后远期的健康状况有长期影响。胎盘是孕育生命的重要器官之一,但我们对它却知之甚少,本文将对人类胎盘的认识发展和胎盘植入的研究进展进行简要介绍和回顾。
Debris cloud structure and hazardous fragments distribution under hypervelocity yaw impact

This study investigates how the debris cloud structure and hazardous fragment distribution vary with attack angle by simulating a circular cylinder projectile hypervelocity impinging on a thin plate using the finite elementesmoothed particle hydrodynamics (FE-SPH) adaptive method.Based on the comparison and analysis of the experimental and simulation results,the FE-SPH adaptive method was applied to address the hypervelocity yaw impact problem,and the variation law of the debris cloud structure with the attack angle was obtained.The screening criterion of the hazardous fragment at yaw impact is given by analyzing the debris formation obtained by the FE-SPH adaptive method,and the distribution characteristics of hazardous fragments and their relationship with the attack angle are given.Moreover,the velocity space was used to evaluate the distribution range and damage capability of asymmetric hazardous fragments.The maximum velocity angle was extended from fully symmetrical working conditions to asymmetrical cases to describe the asymmetrical debris cloud distribution range.In this range,the energy density was calculated to quantitatively analyze how much damage hazardous fragments inflict on the rear plate.The results showed that the number of hazardous fragments generated by the case near the 35° attack angle was the largest,the distribution range was the smallest,and the energy density was the largest.These results suggest that in this case,debris cloud generated by the impact had the strongest damage to the rear plate.