mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
A 14-bit wide temperature range differential SAR ADC with an on-chip multi-segment BGR

A 14-bit low power self-timed differential successive approximation(SAR) ADC with an on-chip multisegment bandgap reference(BGR) is described.An on-chip multi-segment BGR, which has a temperature coefficient of 1.3 ppm/℃and a thermal drift of about 100μV over the temperature range of -40 to 120℃is implemented to provide a high precision reference voltage for the SAR ADC.The Gray code form is utilized instead of binary form mode control to reduce substrate noise and enhance the linearity of the whole system.Self-timed bit-cycling is adopted to enhance the time efficiency.The 14-bit ADC was fabricated in a TSMC 0.13μm CMOS process. With the on-chip BGR, the SAR ADC achieves an SNDR of 81.2 dB(13.2 ENOB) and an SFDR of 85.2 dB with a conversion rate of 2 MS/s at room temperature and can keep an ENOB of more than 12 bits at a conversion rate of 2 MS/s over the temperature range from -40 to 120℃.
Electrode pattern design for GaAs betavoltaic batteries

The sensitivities of betavoltaic batteries and photovoltaic batteries to series and parallel resistance are studied.Based on the study, an electrode pattern design principle of GaAs betavoltaic batteries is proposed.GaAs PIN junctions with and without the proposed electrode pattern are fabricated and measured under the illumination of 63Ni.Results show that the proposed electrode can reduce the backscattering and shadowing for the beta particles from 63Ni to increase the GaAs betavoltaic battery short circuit currents effectively but has little impact on the fill factors and ideal factors.
A process-insensitive thermal protection circuit

A novel process-insensitive thermal protection structure has been developed.This circuit contains several sub-circuits such as band-gap reference, reference output buffer, resistance voltage divider branch, and hysteresis circuit.By using reference buffer, the precise reference voltage from band-gap reference is delivered to resistance voltage divider branch and is divided precisely.Then the threshold temperatures of this protection circuit can be set by this precise voltage, unaffected by process variation and mismatch.A hysteresis circuit is also used here to prevent thermal oscillation.This circuit is fabricated in TSMC 0.18μm CMOS technology, and occupies about 3×10~4μm~2 chip area.
Effect of a magnetic field on the energy levels of donor impurities in the ZnO parabolic quantum well

Energy levels of a donor impurity in the ZnO parabolic quantum well under the magnetic field are investigated using the variational method.The binding energy of the ground state, the energies of 2p±state and 1 s→2p±transition energies of a hydrogenic donor in the ZnO parabolic quantum well are numerically calculated as a function of the strength of magnetic field for different parabolic potential fields.The results show that the external magnetic field has an obvious influence on the binding energies and the 1 s→2p±transition energies of a hydrogenic donor.The Is to 2p±transition energy increases linearly with the strength of magnetic field, but the Is to 2p_ transition energy decreases when the strength of magnetic field increases for the small field strength. Compared to the GaAs parabolic well, the donors are more tightly bound to the ZnO parabolic well and the influence of external magnetic field on the binding energy of a donor is much stronger in the ZnO parabolic well.
Double humps and radiation effects of SOI NMOSFET

Radiation experiments have been carried out with a SOI NMOSFET.The behavior of double humps was studied under irradiation.The characterization of the hump was demonstrated.The results have shown that the shape of the hump changed along with the total dose and the reason for this was analyzed.In addition, the coupling effect of the back-gate transistor was more important for the main transistor than the parasitic transistor.
A 3 A sink/source current fast transient response low-dropout Gm driven linear regulator

A 3 A sink/source G_m-driven CMOS low-dropout regulator(LDO), specially designed for low input voltage and low cost, is presented by utilizing the structure of a current mirror G_m(transconductance)driving technique, which provides high stability as well as a fast load transient response.The proposed LDO was fabricated by a 0.5μm standard CMOS process, and the die size is as small as 1.0 mm~2.The proposed LDO dissipates 220μA of quiescent current in no-load conditions and is able to deliver up to 3 A of load current.The measured results show that the output voltage can be resumed within 2μs with a less than 1mV overshoot and undershoot in the output current step from-1.8 to 1.8 A with a 0.1μs rising and falling time at three 10μF ceramic capacitors.
Novel closed-form resistance formulae for rectangular interconnects

<正>Two closed-form formulae for the frequency-dependent resistance of rectangular cross-sectional interconnects are presented.The frequency-dependent resistance R(f) of a rectangular interconnect line or a interconnect line with a ground plane structure is first obtained by a numerical method.Based on the strict numerical results, a novel closed-form formula R(f) for a rectangular interconnect alone is fitted out using the Levenberg-Marquardt method.This R(f) can be widely used for analyzing on-chip power grid IR-drop when the frequency is changing. Compared to the previously published R(f) formula for an interconnect, the formula provided here is more accurate during the frequency transition range.Also for a bigger width to thickness ratio, this formula shows greater accuracy and robustness.In addition, this paper fits out the closed-form R(f) formula for a micro-strip-like interconnect (an interconnect with a ground plane), which is a typical structure in the on-chip or package power delivery system.
A 270-MHz to 1.5-GHz CMOS PLL clock generator with reconfigurable multi-functions for FPGA

A PLL clock generator with reconfigurable multi-functions for FPGA design applications is presented. This clock generator has two configurable operation modes to achieve clock multiplication and phase alignment functions, respectively.The output clock signal has advanced clock shift ability such that the phase shift and duty cycle are programmable.In order to further improve the accuracy of phase alignment and phase shift, a VCO design based on a novel quick start-up technique is proposed.A new delay partition method is also adopted to improve the speed of the post-scale counter, which is used to realize the programmable phase shift and duty cycle.A prototype chip implemented in a 0.13-μm CMOS process achieves a wide tuning range from 270 MHz to 1.5 GHz.The power consumption and the measured RMS jitter at 1 GHz are less than 18 mW and 9 ps, respectively.The settling time is approximately 2μs.
A programmable gain amplifier with a DC offset calibration loop for a directconversion WLAN transceiver

A high-linearity PGA(programmable gain amplifier) with a DC offset calibration loop is proposed.The PGA adopts a differential degeneration structure to vary voltage gain and uses the closed-loop structure including the input op-amps to enhance the linearity.A continuous time feedback based DC offset calibration loop is also designed to solve the DC offset problem.This PGA is fabricated by TSMC 0.13μm CMOS technology.The measurements show that the receiver PGA(RXPGA) provides a 64 dB gain range with a step of 1 dB, and the transmitter PGA(TXPGA) covers a 16 dB gain.The RXPGA consumes 18 mA and the TXPGA consumes 7 mA (I and Q path) under a 3.3 V supply.The bandwidth of the multi-stage PGA is higher than 20 MHz.In addition, the DCOC(DC offset cancellation) circuit shows 10 kHz of HPCF(high pass cutoff frequency) and the DCOC settling time is less than 0.45μs.
Design and fabrication of a MEMS Lamb wave device based on ZnO thin film

This paper presents the design and fabrication of a Lamb wave device based on ZnO piezoelectric film. The Lamb waves were respectively launched and received by both Al interdigital transducers.In order to reduce the stress of the thin membrane, the ZnO/Al/LTO/Si_3N_4/Si multilayered thin plate was designed and fabricated.A novel method to obtain the piezoelectric constant of the ZnO film was used.The experimental results for characterizing the wave propagation modes and their frequencies of the Lamb wave device indicated that the measured center frequency of antisymmetric A_0 and symmetric S_0 modes Lamb wave agree with the theoretical predictions.The mass sensitivity of the MEMS Lamb wave device was also characterized for gravimetric sensing application.
Influence of substrate temperature on the performance of zinc oxide thin film transistor

Top-contact thin film transistors（TFTs） using radio frequency（RP） magnetron sputtering zinc oxide （ZnO） and silicon dioxide（SiO2） films as the active channel layer and gate insulator layer, respectively, were fabricated.The performances of ZnO TFTs with different ZnO film deposition temperatures（room temperature, 100℃and 200℃） were investigated.Compared with the transistor with room-temperature deposited ZnO films, the mobility of the device fabricated at 200℃is improved by 94%and the threshold voltage shift is reduced from 18 to 3 V（after 1 h positive gate voltage stress）.Experimental results indicate that substrate temperature plays an important role in enhancing the field effect mobility, sharping the subthreshold swing and improving the bias stability of the devices.Atomic force microscopy was used to investigate the ZnO film properties.The reasons for the device performance improvement are discussed.
A millimeter wave large-signal model of GaAs planar Schottky varactor diodes

<正>A millimeter wave large-signal model of GaAs planar Schottky varactor diodes based on a physical analysis is presented.The model consists of nonlinear resistances and capacitances of the junction region and external parasitic parameters.By analyzing the characteristics of the diode under reverse and forward bias, an extraction procedure of all of the parameters is addressed.To validate the newly proposed model, the PSVDs were fabricated based on a planar process and were measured using an automatic network analyzer.Measurement shows that the model exactly represents the behavior of GaAs PSVDs under a wide bias condition from -10 to 0.6 V and for frequencies up to 40 GHz.
A baseband LPF for GSM, TD-SCDMA and WCDMA multi-mode transmitters

This paper describes a low-pass reconfigurable baseband filter for GSM, TD-SCDMA and WCDMA multi-mode transmitters.To comply with 3GPP emission mask and limit TX leakage at the RX band, the out-of -band noise performance is optimized.Due to the distortion caused by the subthreshold leakage current of the switches used in capacitor array, a capacitor bypass technique is proposed to improve the filter’s linearity.An automatic frequency tuning circuit is adopted to compensate the cut-off frequency variation.Simulation results show that the filter achieves an in-band input-referred third-order intercept point(IIP3) of 47 dBm at 1.2-V power supply and the out-of-band noise can meet TX SAW-less requirement for WCDMA & TD-SCDMA.The baseband filter incorporates -40 to 0 dB programmable gain control that is accurately variable in 0.5 dB steps.The filter’s cut-off frequency can be reconfigured for GSM/TD-SCDMAAVCDMA multi-mode transmitter.The implemented baseband filter draws 3.6 mA from a 1.2-V supply in a 0.13μm CMOS process.
An improved nonlinear model of HEMTs with independent transconductance tail-off fitting

We present an improved large-signal device model of GaAs/GaN HEMTs, amenable for use in commercial nonlinear simulators.The proposed model includes a new exponential function to independently control the transconductance compression/tail-off behaviors.The main advantage of this model is to provide a simple and coherent description of the bias-dependent drain current(Ⅰ-Ⅴ) that is valid in all regions of operation.All aspects of the model are validated for 0.25-μm gate-length GaAs and GaN HEMT processes.The simulation results of DC/pulsedⅠ-Ⅴ, RF large-signal power and intermodulation distortion products show excellent agreement with the measured data.
Relocation of aftershocks of the Wenchuan M_S8.0 earthquake and its implication to seismotectonics

From 14:28 (GMT+8) on May 12th, 2008, the origin time of MS8.0 Wenchuan earthquake, to December 31th, 2008, more than 10 000 aftershocks (M≥2.0) had been recorded by the seismic networks in Sichuan and surrounding areas.Using double difference algorithm, the main shock and more than 7 000 aftershocks were relocated.The aftershocks distribute about 350 km long.The depths of aftershocks are mainly between 10 km and 20 km.The average depth of aftershocks is about 13 km after relocation.In the southwest, the distribution of aftershocks is along the back-range fault, the central-range fault and the front-range fault of Longmenshan faults.In the middle, the distribution of aftershocks is along the central-range fault.In the north, aftershocks are relocated along the Qingchuan-Pingwu fault.Relocations suggest that the back-range fault mainly induced and controlled the aftershock occurrence in the northern section of aftershocks sequence.The MS8.0 main shock is between central-range and front-range of Longmenshan faults and is near the shear plane of the fault bottom.From the depth distribution of aftershock sequence, it suggests that these three faults show imbricate thrust structure.
Surface wave tomography on a large-scale seismic array combining ambient noise and teleseismic earthquake data

We discuss two array-based tomography methods, ambient noise tomography (ANT) and two-planewave earthquake tomography (TPWT), which are capable of taking advantage of emerging large-scale broadband seismic arrays to generate high resolution phase velocity maps, but in complementary period band:ANT at 8-40 s and TPWT at 25-100 s period.Combining these two methods generates surface wave dispersion maps from 8 to 100 s periods, which can be used to construct a 3D v S model from the surface to ~200 km depth.As an illustration, we apply the two methods to the USArray/Transportable Array.We process seismic noise data from over 1 500 stations obtained from 2005 through 2009 to produce Rayleigh wave phase velocity maps from 8 to 40 s period, and also perform TPWT using ~450 teleseismic earthquakes to obtain phase velocity maps between 25 and 100 s period.Combining dispersion maps from ANT and TPWT, we construct a 3D vS model from the surface to a depth of 160 km in the western and central USA.These surface wave tomography methods can also be applied to other rapidly growing seismic networks such as those in China.
An experimental study of fracture initiation mechanisms during hydraulic fracturing

The mechanism of fracture initiation is the basic issue for hydraulic fracture technology. Because of the huge differences in fracture initiation mechanisms for different reservoirs, some successful fracturing techniques applied to porosity reservoirs are ineffectual for fractured reservoirs.Laboratory tests using a process simulation device were performed to confirm the characteristics of fracture initiation and propagation in different reservoirs.The influences of crustal stress field, confining pressure, and natural fractures on the fracture initiation and propagation are discussed.Experimental results demonstrate that stress concentration around the hole would significantly increase the fracture pressure of the rock.At the same time, natural fractures in the borehole wall would eliminate the stress concentration, which leads to a decrease in the fracture initiation pressure.
A cotton mitogen-activated protein kinase (GhMPK6) is involved in ABA-induced CAT1 expression and H_2O_2 production

The mitogen-activated protein kinase（MAPK） cascade is one of the major and evolutionally conserved signaling pathways and plays a pivotal role in the regulation of stress and developmental signals in plants.Here,we identified one gene,GhMPK6,encoding an MAPK protein in cotton.GFP fluorescence assay demonstrated that GhMAPK6 is a cytoplasm localized protein.Quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that mRNA accumulation of GhMPK6 was significantly promoted by abscisic acid（ABA）.Overexpression of GhMPK6 gene in the T-DNA insertion mutant atmkkl（SALK015914） conferred a wild-type phenotype to the transgenic plants in response to ABA.Under ABA treatment,cotyledon greening/expansion in GhMPK6 transgenic lines and wild type was significantly inhibited,whereas the atmkkl mutant showed a relatively high cotyledon greening/expansion ratio.Furthermore,CAT1 expression and H_2O_2 levels in leaves of GhMPK6 transgenic lines and wild type were remarkably higher than those of atmkkl mutant with ABA treatment.Collectively,our results suggested that GI1MPK6 may play an important role in ABA-induced CAT1 expression and H_2O_2 production.
Preparation of microencapsulatedα-olefin drag reducing polymer used in oil pipeline transportation

The supersonic nozzle is a new apparatus which can be used to condense and separate water and heavy hydrocarbons from natural gas.The swirling separation of natural gas in the convergent-divergent nozzle was numerically simulated based on a new design which incorporates a central body. Axial distribution of the main parameters of gas flow was investigated, while the basic parameters of gas flow were obtained as functions of radius at the nozzle exit.The effect of the nozzle geometry on the swirling separation was analyzed.The numerical results show that water and heavy hydrocarbons can be condensed and separated from natural gas under the combined effect of the low temperature(-80℃) and the centrifugal field(482, 400g, g is the acceleration of gravity).The gas dynamic parameters are uniformly distributed correspondingly in the radial central region of the channel, for example the distribution range of the static temperature and the centrifugal acceleration are from -80 to -55℃and 220, 000g to 500, 000g, respectively, which would create good conditions for the cyclone separation of the liquids.However, high gradients of gas dynamic parameters near the channel walls may impair the process of separation.The geometry of the nozzle has a great influence on the separation performance. Increasing the nozzle convergent angle can improve the separation efficiency.The swirling natural gas can be well separated when the divergent angle takes values from 4°to 12°in the convergent-divergent nozzle.
Control of facies and fluid potential on hydrocarbon accumulation and prediction of favorable Silurian targets in the Tazhong Uplift, Tarim Basin, China

Exploration practices show that the Silurian hydrocarbon accumulation in the Tazhong Uplift is extremely complicated.Our research indicates that the oil and gas accumulation is controlled by favorable facies and low fluid potential.At the macro level, hydrocarbon distribution in this uplift is controlled by structural zones and sedimentary systems.At the micro level, oil occurrences are dominated by lithofacies and petrophysical facies.The control of facies is embodied in high porosity and permeability controlling hydrocarbon accumulation.Besides, the macro oil and gas distribution in the uplift is also influenced by the relatively low fluid potential at local highs, where most successful wells are located.These wells are also closely related to the adjacent fractures.Therefore, the Silurian hydrocarbon accumulation mechanism in the Tazhong Uplift can be described as follows.Induced by structures, the deep and overpressured fluids migrated through faults into the sand bodies with relatively low potential and high porosity and permeability.The released overpressure expelled the oil and gas into the normal-pressured zones, and the hydrocarbon was preserved by the overlying caprock of poorly compacted Carboniferous and Permian mudstones.Such a mechanism reflects favorable facies and low potential controlling hydrocarbon accumulation.Based on the statistical analysis of the reservoirs and commercial wells in the uplift, a relationship between oil-bearing property in traps and the facies-potential index was established, and a prediction of two favorable targets was made.
改良单孔腔镜下治疗小儿腹股沟疝及鞘膜积液104例体会

目的探讨经脐窝单切口双套管微型腹腔镜治疗小儿腹股沟疝及交通性鞘膜积液手术方法及手术效果。方法经脐窝单切口双套管微型腹腔镜为104例小儿行腹股沟斜疝及交通性鞘膜积液内环口高位结扎术+积液抽出术,总结临床资料并结合文献进行分析。结果手术时间持续为8~20min,所有患者在术中和术后未发生并发症,无复发。结论经脐窝单切口双套管微型腹腔镜技术治疗小儿腹股沟斜疝及交通性鞘膜积液安全,有效,简单,快捷。
鼻内镜下难治性鼻出血治疗方法的选择

目的探讨鼻内镜下难治性鼻出血的适当治疗方法。方法回顾性分析136例经常规鼻腔填塞未能控制的原发性难治性鼻出血,根据病情,鼻内镜下选择不同的微创止血方法止血,观察疗效。结果1次治愈112例(82.4%),2次治愈17例(12.5%),3次治愈7例(5.1%),总有效率100%,无不良并发症。随访3~6个月无复发。结论鼻内镜下灵活选择不同的微创止血方法可有效治疗难治性鼻出血。
发展氢能源的技术问题探讨

氢能源具有许多优于传统化石能源的特性,人们对其应用前景十分看好。然而,如何达到大规模实用阶段,还需要解决很多技术问题。本文将从氢的制备和储存技术方面,探讨解决这些问题的途径,从而对氢能源的未来有一个清晰的认识。
浅谈分析结果的报告

分析结果是分析人员的产品，它不仅说明一个数据的数值，而且还能表示分析方法、仪器精度及数据的准确度，因此，分析结果的报告既要准确又要科学，既要满足客户的需要，也要规避风险。分析结果是由分析人员通过选用适当精度的计量器具，按照标准方法操作，经过一系列计算而获得。分析结果测定的准确性与人员、仪器(计量器具)、方法、试剂、环境、样品代表性有关。
地质统计学在金属矿山储量估算中的应用研究

以地质统计学的算法理论为基础，并在普通克吕格法、距离幂次反比法插值的基础上，构建适合我国目前金属矿山储量估算的系统模型，并开发出金属矿山储量估算系统。经过辽宁某铁矿实测数据测试，该系统运行稳定，储量估算结果准确可靠，对我国目前各类矿山的储量估算具有实用价值。
Drug Transport Microdevice Mimicking an Idealized Nanoscale Bio-molecular Motor

Molecular motors are nature's nano-devices and the essential agents of movement that are an integral part of many living organisms. The supramolecular motor, called Nuclear Pore Complex (NPC), controls the transport of all cellular material between the cytoplasm and the nucleus that occurs naturally in biological cells of many organisms. In order to understand the design characteristics of the NPC, we developed a microdevice for drug/fluidic transport mimicking the coarse-grained representation of the NPC geometry through computational fluid dynamic analysis and optimization. Specifically, the role of the central plug in active fluidic/particle transport and passive transport (without central plug) was investigated. Results of flow rate, pressure and velocity profiles obtained from the models indicate that the central plug plays a major role in transport through this biomolecular machine. The results of this investigation show that fluidic transport and flow passages are important factors in designing NPC based nano- and micro-devices for drug delivery.
Live imaging of newly formed lymphatic vessels in the cornea

Lymphatic research denotes a field of new discovery and has experienced exponential growth in recent years [1-3]. Though lymphatic dysfunction has been found in a broad spectrum of disorders from transplant rejection to cancer metastasis, to date, there is still little effective treatment for lymphatic diseases, so it is a field with urgent demand for new experimental approaches and therapeutic protocols. The cornea provides an ideal site for lymphatic research due to its accessible location, transparent nature, and alymphatic status under normal condition [2, 4]. Indeed, the use of this tissue for tumor angiogenesis research dates back to 1970s [5]. Most recently, we have demonstrated that the cornea possesses a full range of plasticity in lymphatic formation and regression [6]. An advanced technology for live imaging of lymphatic vessels in this tissue would therefore have widespread applications in biomedical research.
中国近代皮肤科学奠基人陈鸿康教授

陈鸿康教授是中国近代皮肤科学奠基人之一，1894年出生于广东梅县，1921年毕业于英国爱褒亭大学(the University of Aberdeen)，后又到德国进修皮肤病学，师从Joseph Jadassohn教授，学习皮肤病理学，打下皮肤花柳病学的坚实基础。他放弃国外优厚待遇学成回国，致力于发展中国皮肤科学事业。1924年陈鸿康与美国傅瑞思(Frazier C N 1892—1982)教授一起共同创建北平协和医院皮肤梅毒科，是第一位中国皮肤科医师，先后任助教、讲师。1931年赴上海继续从事皮肤病、性病、麻风的防治、研究与教学。他是中国近代防治麻风、性病的医学专家之一，任中国麻风救济会医学顾问，上海虹口皮肤病医院主任医师兼院长，同时任上海女子医学院皮肤花柳科教授，西门妇孺医院皮肤花柳科医师，上海铁路医院皮肤科主任，中国花柳病学会常务委员，中华医学会花柳病诊疗所主任医师。中华医学会第四届大会于1937年4月1-8日在上海召开，建立了内、外、妇、儿、眼、耳鼻喉、皮肤科等12个分会，中华皮肤科即为其一，陈鸿康教授首任会长，中国红十字会总医院奥地利人罗爱思教授(Frederick Reiss 1892—1982)任副会长，陈鸿康主持了学术会议，会上皮肤性病组宣读了论文7篇，麻风组上宣读论文6篇。他还任中华医学会公共卫生委员会委员。