mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
北京市高校用水定额管理的探索

开展用水定额管理、建立用水定额管理体系,是目前强化水资源管理,建设节水型社会的核心内容.以北京市高等院校为对象,将传统计划管理与定额管理进行比较分析,探讨高校用水的行业特征及学校内部用水的行为特点,在此基础上对北京市高校的用水定额编制、定额管理层次,管理信息过程、控制以及管理激励机制进行了系统的探讨.
BOD_5测定的误差分析及数据评价

尽管近年来发展了一系列先进的BOD测量仪器和方法,但是传统的标准稀释法仍然是一种可靠的测定方法.主要讨论了BOD_5测定中的影响因素及其造成的误差.通过试验和对BOD_5计算公式的分析,对BOD_5测定数据的探讨,提出一种简便的测定计算方法及测定试验中应该注意的问题,以减小测定误差,取得真实可靠的数据.
FUZZY GLOBAL SLIDING MODE CONTROL BASED ON GENETIC ALGORITHM AND ITS APPLICATION FOR FLIGHT SIMULATOR SERVO SYSTEM

To alleviate the chattering problem, a new type of fuzzy global sliding mode controller (FGSMC) is presented. In this controller, the switching gain is estimated by fuzzy logic system based on the reachable conditions of sliding mode controller(SMC), and genetic algorithm (GA) is used to optimize scaling factor of the switching gain, thus the switch chattering of SMC can be alleviated.Moreover, global sliding mode is realized by designing an exponential dynamic sliding surface.Simulation and real-time application for flight simulator servo system with Lugre friction are given to indicate that the proposed controller can guarantee high robust performance all the time and can alleviate chattering phenomenon effectively.
OUT-OF-PLANE COMPRESSIVE PROPERTIES OF HEXAGONAL PAPER HONEYCOMBS

The compressive behaviour of paper honeycombs is studied by means of an experimental analysis. Experiment results show how geometry aspects of hexagonal paper honeycombs, e.g. the height of paper honeycomb, the thickness and length of honeycomb cell-wall, the drawing ratio of hexagonal honeycomb, affect the compressive properties of the paper honeycombs. It is in good agreement with the theory model. The constraint factor K of the critical buckling stress is mainly determined by the length of honeycomb cell-wall. It can be described as K=1.54 for B type paper honeycombs and K=3.32 for D type paper honeycombs. The plateau stress is the power exponent function of the thickness to length ratio of honeycomb cell-wall, and the experiment results show that the constant is 13.2 and the power exponent is 1.77. The research results can be used to characterize and improve efficiently the compressive properties of paper honeycombs.
TRAVELING MACHINE DRIVEN BY PIEZOELECTRIC BIMORPH

A rectangular bimorph will vibrate in bending mode under alternating current (AC) electric field. If two opposite tips along longitudinal direction are both clamped, the maximum magnitude of bending displacement occurs on the short center line. Using bimorph type vibrators forementioned as actuators, an invention of simple traveling machine based on stick-slip principle is presented. The machine can not only move along both x and y direction within horizontal working plane, furthermore, excellent bearing ability and agile response as well as stable step are also proved. In addition, the machine can work on stepping mode and scanning mode at the same time, hence the contradiction between long stroke and high precise positioning is solved. Therefore, it meets the needs of micro/nanometer precise positioning under long stroke and is desired to be used as carrying stage for micro-assembling system and locomotive mechanism for miniature robot system.
Aquaporin-4 and ischemic brain edema

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the relationship of aquaporin 4(AQP4)and brain edema.DATA SOURCES:Using the terms of "aquaporin-4,brain edema",we searched PubMed database to identify studies published from January 1997 to April 2006 in the English languages.Meanwhile,we also searched China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)for related studies.STUDY SELECTION:The collected data were selected firstly.Studies on AQP4 and brain edema were chosen and their full-texts were searched for,and those with repetitive or review studies were excluded.DATA EXTRACTION:Totally 146 related studies were collected,42 of them were involved and the other 104 studies were used for reading reference data.DATA SYNTHESIS:AQP4 is a selective water permeable integral membrane protein.It is mainly expressed in astrocytes and ependymocyte,and is the important structural basis for water regulation and transportation between glial cells and cerebrospinal fluid or vessels.Phosphorylation is involved in the regulation of AQP4.AQP4 participates in the formation of brain edema caused by various factors.Studies on the structure and pathological changes of AQP4 are still in the initial stage,and the role and mechanism of AQP4 in the formation of brain edema is very unclear.CONCLUSION:AQP4 plays a critical regulating role in the formation of ischemic brain edema,but whether it is regulated by drugs lacks reliable evidence.
Alstrom综合征1例

患儿,男,10岁,因咳嗽2 d,阵发型心前区疼痛30 min入院.患儿为足月顺产,第2胎第2产,6个月时发现眼球震颤、畏光,逐渐视物不清,自幼肥胖,近1年来听力逐渐下降.
儿童原发性乳糜性心包积液9例报告

儿童原发性乳糜性心包积液极少见,其病因不明,临床表现差异较大,多数患者无症状,有症状者多为乏力、呼吸困难、咳嗽、胸痛、心悸,严重者可发生急性心包填塞.外科胸导管结扎、切除术和心包开窗术可获根治.本文报道9例原发性乳糜性心包积液患儿临床及治疗情况,并简要复习文献.
干细胞定向分化的基础和临床应用研究

胚胎干细胞具有多向性分化的潜能,可以分化成为内、中、外三个胚层的所有细胞,存在于组织器官中的成体干细胞(包括心脏等的前体细胞)也能分化成为某些细胞,用来修复、补充体内受损、死亡的细胞.目前干细胞研究的重点是:干细胞未分化和多向性机制的基础研究;干细胞向特定细胞群体分化的调控和分化细胞的应用研究,而后者是连接基础研究和临床研究的必经之路.干细胞的基础和临床应用研究不但可以了解正常的胚胎发育过程,而且利用掌握的知识通过体外诱导或体内激活的方法针对性地治疗某些疾病.目前我们的研究集中在神经细胞(包括视网膜细胞和内耳前体细胞)、脂肪细胞和心肌细胞定向分化的分子机理,并通过疾病动物模型验证这些定向分化的细胞的功能.希望通过建立人胚胎干细胞以及成体干细胞向外胚层的特种神经元(包括前脑神经上皮细胞、GABA和胆碱能神经元、视觉细胞、听觉细胞、多巴胺能神经元)和中胚层的脂肪细胞、骨细胞以及心肌细胞定向分化的模型,继而采用蛋白质组学和基因组学最新技术分析这些建立的模型,研究相关因子通过哪条信号传导通路导致这些细胞的定向分化或者通过改变哪个目的基因的表达,或改变目的蛋白的修饰导致干细胞定向成神经细胞、脂肪细胞和心肌细胞;研究成年脑内源性干细胞定向诱导成这些功能性神经元的机理,并进行比较研究.用Lentivirus转染干细胞高表达、或用RNA干扰抑制上述研究得到的目的基因,在细胞模型和动物体内验证这些信号通路和目的基因在干细胞定向分化中的作用.
关于混序的一个注记

是一个Hilbert空间,T表示H上的有界线性算子.T是一个有界线性算子,若对x∈H,有(Tx,x)≥0,称T为正的,记为T≥0;若T≥0且T可逆,称T是严格正的,记为T＞0.设A,B是严格正算子,若logA≥logB,则称A,B满足混序关系,记为A(≯)B.
有库仑作用的双交换铁磁体的动力学平均场论研究

对具有庞磁阻效应(colossal magnetoresistance)的钙钛矿结构T1-xDxMnO3(其中T代表稀土金属,D 代表碱土金属)的研究是当前凝聚态物理研究中的热点之一[1].由于多体问题的复杂性以及粒子之间的强关联, 人们不得不采用唯象理论﹑数值模拟[1]或近似方法.动力学平均场论[2]就是近期发展起来的一种有效处理强关联体系的近似方法,它具有十分广阔的应用前景.
Stability analysis of the simplest Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy control system using circle criterion

A frequency-domain-based sufficient condition is derived to guarantee the globally asymptotic stability of the simplest Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy control system by using the circle criterion.The analysis is performed in the frequency domain, and hence the condition is of great significance when the frequency-response method, which is widely used in the linear control theory and practice, is employed to synthesize the simplest T-S fuzzy controller.Besides, this sufficient condition is featured by a graphical interpretation, which makes the condition straightforward to be used.Comparisons are drawn between the performance of the simplest T-S fuzzy controller and that of the linear compensator.Two numerical examples are presented to demonstrate how this sufficient condition can be applied to both stable and unstable plants.
Structural adaptive and optimal speckle filtering in multilook full polarimetric SAR images

A novel approach is proposed for speckle reduction in multilook full polarimetric SAR images.In contrast to others, this approach adopts an enhanced structure detection method to estimate the parameters of the polarimetric covariance matrix for the multilook polarimetric whitening filtering (MPWF) algorithm and thus a structural adaptive and optimal speckle filter is developed.To evaluate the present approach, NASA SIR-C/X-SAR, L band, four-look processed polarimetric SAR data of the Tian-Mountain Forest is used for simulation.Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of this novel filtering algorithm in case of both speckle reduction and preservation of texture information.Comparisons with other methods are also made.
Effect of Processing and Composition on the Structure and Properties of P/M EP741NP Type Alloys

A study was carried out on the effects of processing and composition on the structure and properties ofP/M EP741NP type alloys.The objectives of this study were to understand the role of Hf in a P/M superalloy containing high niobium used in aircraft engines and to determine the effects of extrusion and forging the powders as contrasted to HIPing (hot isostatic pressing) only. Two alloys of the P/M EP741NP composition were atomized: one alloy contained 0.26%Hf and the other was Hf free. After the as-atomized powders from both alloys were characterized, the powders were extruded into billets, forged and heat treated. After each process, the microstructures were characterized by SEM and the phases were extracted and identified by X-ray diffraction. The presence of Hf in the residues was probedby EDS (energy dispersive spectroscopy). The alloys were given the published Russian heat treatment as well as a more conventionalheat treatment more typical of western powder alloys. Tensile, creep and stress rupture mechanical property tests were run. Results of the structural behavior of the alloys after each processing step will be presented and discussed. The role of the Hf on the mechanical properties will be discussed.
Microstructure and Optical Characterization of Magnetron Sputtered NbN Thin Films

Some fundamental studies on the preparation, structure and optical properties of NbN films were carried out. NbN thin films were deposited by DC reactive magnetron sputtering at different N2 partial pressures and different substrate temperatures ranging from -50 ℃to 600 ℃. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to characterize their phase components, microstructures, grain sizes and surface morphology. Optical properties inclusive of refractive indexes, extinction coefficients and transmittance of the NbN films under different sputtering conditions were measured. With the increase in the N2 partial pressure,δ-NbN phase structure gets forming and the grain size and lattice constant of the cubic NbN increasing. The deposited NbN film has relatively high values of refractive index and extinction coefficient in the wavelength ranging from 240 nm to 830 nm. Substrate temperature exerts notable influences on the microstructure and optical transmittance of the NbN films. The grain sizes of the δ-NbN film remarkably increase with the rise of the substrate temperature, while the transmittance of the films with the same thickness decreases.Ultra-fine granular film with particle size of several nanometers forms when the substrate is cooled to -50 ℃, and a remarkable augmentation of transmittance could be noticed under so low a temperature.
Protocol for the application of cooperative MIMO based on clustering in sparse wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) using cooperative multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication are effective tools to collect data in several environments. However, how to apply cooperative MIMO in WSN remains a critical challenge, especially in sparse WSN. In this article, a novel clustering scheme is proposed for the application of cooperative MIMO in sparse WSN by extending the traditional low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) protocol. This clustering scheme solves the problem that the cluster heads (CH) cannot find enough secondary cluster heads (SCH), which are used to cooperate and inform multiple-antenna transmitters with CHs. On the basis of this protocol, the overall energy consumption of the networks model is developed, and the optimal number of CHs is obtained. The simulation results show that this protocol is feasible for the sparse WSN. The simulation results also illustrate that this protocol provides significant energy efficiencies, even after allowing for additional overheads.
Response of Vegetation in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to Global Warming

Using satellite-observed Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) dada and station-observed surface air temperature anomalies for the Northern Hemisphere (NH), we analyze the spatio-temporal characteristics of vegetation variations in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and their correlations with global warming from 1982 to 2002. It is found that the late spring and early summer (May-June) are the months with the strongest responses of vegetation to global warming. Based on the Rotated Empirical Orthogonal Function (REOF) method, the study shows that the first REOF spatial pattern of average NDVI for May-June reveals the northern and southern zones with great inter-annual variations of vegetation, the northern zone from the eastern Kunlun Mountains to the southwestern Qilian Mountain and southern zone from the northern edge of the Himalayas eastward to the Hengduan Mountains. The vegetation, especially grassland, in the two zones increases significantly with global warming, with a correlation coefficient of 0.71 between the first REOF of May-June vegetation and the April-May surface air temperature anomaly in the NH during 1982-2002. A long-term increasing trend in May-June vegetation for the plateau region as a whole is also attributed mainly to global warming although there are considerable regional differences. The areas with low NDVI (grassland and shrubland) usually respond more evidently to global warming, especially since the 1990s, than those with moderate or high NDVI values.
Molecular Epidemiology and Sequencing of the G-L Intergenic Region of Rabies Viruses Isolated in China

A group of 25 rabies viruses (RABVs),recovered from 24 dogs and one human case,were collected from various areas in China between 2004 and 2006.Genetic and phylogenetic analyses of the G-L intergenic region were carried out in 25 street RABV isolates and CTN vaccine strains of 7 generations.The study was based on the comparison of a 519 bp nucleotide sequence,encompassing the G-L intergenic region.The nucleotide sequence homologies of Chinese street strains were from 95.5% to 100%.The phylogenetic analysis showed that all Chinese isolates clearly supported the placement of all Chinese viruses in Lyssavirus genotype 1 and they were distributed according to their geographical origins.All of the Chinese strains were closely related but they could still be divided into two groups:group of street strains and group of CTN strains.This study presents details about the molecular epidemiology of rabies viruses based on the sequences of the G-L Intergenic region.
p and pp Elastic Scattering at High Energies

Based on the eikonalized Glauber representation of hadron-hadron scattering, we study the diffractive processes of -pp and pp elastic scattering at high energies. From our theoretical calculations and fits to the corresponding experimental data at high energies and all available momentum transfer, we find that the Pomeron exchange contributions play a significant role in description of differential cross section dσ/dt in the whole experimental domain. The Pomeron exchange contributions are related to multi-gluon exchanges in QCD, which are color singlet bound state of Reggeized gluons, such as tensor glueball and Odderon. Accordingly, we may claim that the -pp and pp diffractive processes at high energies s and moderate momentum transfer t would be a good tool to verify the existence of the color singlet multigluon bound states and to test QCD since QCD theory does predict the existence of these states. Therefore, we believe that the experimental measurement should be done for these diffractive processes.
p53~(PIN3)基因多态性与早发性乳腺癌易感性的关系

目的 探讨p53~(PIN3)基因多态性与早发性乳腺癌遗传易感性之间的关系.方法 采用序列特异性引物,以PCR方法检测114例早发性乳腺癌患者和124例健康对照个体外周血DNAp53基因第3内含子的基因型.结果 乳腺癌组与健康对照组间p53基因第3内含子16 bp插入或缺失序列(PIN3)的A、A'等位基因频率分别为91.23%、8.77%及96.37%、3.63%,两组比较有显著差异(χ~2=5.492,P＜0.05);两组间AA、AA'、A'A'3种基因型频率比较,基因型分布有统计学差异(χ~2=5.873,P＜0.05).乳腺癌组中根据手术病理分组,Ⅰ～Ⅱ与Ⅲ～Ⅳ期乳腺癌等位基因和基因型频率比较无显著差异(χ~2=0.050,P＞0.900和χ~2=0.055,P＞0.900);根据肿瘤大小比较等位基因和基因型频率,差异无显著性(χ~2=0.020,P＞0.05和χ~2=0.018,P＞0.05);根据淋巴结转移与否比较等位基因和基因型频率,差异也无显著性(χ~2=0.102,P＞0.05和χ~2=0.092,P＞0.05).结论 p53第3内含子基因多态性与贵州地区妇女早发性乳腺癌遗传易感性存在相关性.
PcDNA3/mIL-18对pcDNA3/VP1疫苗免疫效果的影响

目的 观察pcDNA3/mIL-18对pcDNA3/VP1 DNA疫苗免疫效果的影响.方法 从烫伤小鼠肺部组织细胞中提取总RNA进行RT-PCR扩增;将扩增产物与pGEM-T载体连接,构建mIL-18原核表达质粒pGEM-T/mIL-18,酶切纯化mIL-18片断,构建真核表达质粒pcDNA3/mIL-18,将其作为基因佐剂和pcDNA3/VP1共免疫BALB/c小鼠.结果 3次免疫后,共免疫组中和抗体滴度高于pcDNA3/VP1组;而病毒滴度低于pcDNA3/VP1组.用10LD50CVB3攻击后,共免疫组小鼠生存率为35%,高于pcDNA3/VP1组.结论 PcDNA3/mIL-18对pcDNA3/VP1 DNA疫苗的免疫效果有一定的增强作用.
ICD中一些疑难问题的处理

我们在病案首页计算机输入过程中,经常遇到一些国际疾病分类编码的疑难问题,通过仔细查找,找出了一些正确编码.这些编码有些是数据库中已有的,需要我们认真推敲,对号入座;有些是数据库中没有编入的,需要我们加码;有些是一病多名的,需要我们请教临床医生或参考有关书籍.现分别介绍如下.
SPSS13.0在空白列正交试验设计及其数据处理中的应用

正交试验设计（orthogonal experiment design）对多因素、多水平的试验具有设计、计算简便、节省实验单元、统计效率高等优点，故在药物拆方、药品制备工艺、试验条件的优化等方面运用广泛。但是利用SPSS系统随机产生的正交设计表，进行正交试验设计及其数据处理方面，仅有无空列非重复正交试验设计的个案报道；在无空列重复正交试验设计（也称有重复正交试验设计）和空白列正交试验设计方面，未见报道。
瑞士乳杆菌发酵乳对去卵巢大鼠骨密度和骨强度的影响

瑞士乳杆菌发酵乳较普通酸乳能更好提高血清钙的含量[1],本研究探讨长期食用瑞士乳杆菌发酵乳对去卵巢大鼠的骨密度、骨矿物质及骨强度影响.
滇池流域土壤磷累积特征与释放风险研究

通过对滇池流域土壤进行采样测定与模拟试验,研究了流域表层土壤有效P、全P的累积特征和释放风险.研究结果表明,滇池流域表层土壤P素累积明显,其中全P含量范围在0.5～7.0 g/kg,平均值为2.15 g/kg,有效P含量范围在26.7～598.3 mg/kg,平均值为151.04 mg/kg,全P和有效P均高于全国土壤平均值.土壤P累积与P肥施用量密切相关,模拟试验表明土壤P释放风险临界值为57 mg/kg,按此标准,滇池流域有69%的土壤已对滇池水体构成不同程度的环境风险,其中51%的土壤P释放的环境风险较高、流失严重,并己成为滇池水体富营养化的主要污染来源之一.
数字神经解剖学数据库的构建和资源共享

神经解剖学是研究正常机体神经系统形态、结构的科学,包括神经系统的研究方法、神经系统的种系发生和个体发生、神经系统的区分、神经组织的结构、神经系统各部分的外形、内部构造和联系以及它们的功能[1].数字神经解剖学是在传统的神经解剖学的基础上结合现代的计算机技术、医学信息学技术及医学图像处理技术等而发展起来的新兴学科,是神经解剖学发展的阶段性产物.利用高效的计算机运算能力和普及的网络平台,提供生动的数字神经解剖学可视化信息,方便学习者对神经解剖学知识的理解和掌握,促进神经解剖学知识的交流和普及.因此我们构建了一套系统的数字神经解剖学数据库并实现其资源共享.
海底小目标声呐图像一维最大熵分割的改进方法

1 引言　作为海洋高新技术,水声技术日益成为海洋水下探测的主要手段,而且有时是惟一的手段(比如对浑水或对远距离的情况).海底物体搜索、海底救捞、海底探宝、海底“黑烟囱”探测、海底施工以及海洋军事活动（如探测水雷）等多方面都涉及海底小目标（这里的“目标”泛指物体，包括各种人工制造物和自然形成物）探测．对海底小目标探测是一个困难而有意义的课题.
The Multi-Wavelength Quasar Survey Ⅳ. Quasars in the Leo Cluster

We aim to provide a quasar sample that is more complete than any previous surveys by using a combined selection technique to reduce the selection effects. Here we present the observational results for the X-ray candidates in the field of the Leo Cluster. We found 33 X-ray AGNs in this field of which 10 are new discoveries. The X-ray data and optical spectra of these AGNs are given. We also study the near-IR properties of the X-ray-selected AGNs by using the data from 2MASS. Most of the AGNs in our sample span the color range 0.0 ＜ B- J ＜ 2.5, 1.0 ＜ J-K_s ＜ 2.0 and 0.5 ＜ H-Ks ＜ 1.2.
The Synchrotron-self-Compton Radiation Accompanying Shallow Decaying X-Ray Afterglow: the Case of GRB 940217

High energy emission (> tens MeV) of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) provides an important clue on the physical processes occurring in GRBs that may be correlated with the GRB early afterglow. A shallow decline phase has been well identified in about half of Swift Gamma-ray Burst X-ray afterglows. The widely considered interpretation involves a significant energy injection and possibly time-evolving shock parameter(s). We calculate the synchrotron-self-Compton (SSC) radiation of such an external forward shock and show that it could explain the well-known long term high energy (i.e., tens MeV to GeV) afterglow of GRB 940217. We propose that cooperation of Swift and GLAST will help to reveal the nature of GRBs.
大鼠肢体缺血/再灌注后的心肌损伤和NO的保护效应

目的:探讨大鼠肢体缺血/再灌注(LI/R)后心肌的损伤性变化及NO的保护效应.方法:制备LI/R动物模型,将Wistar大鼠随机分为4组(n=10):C(control)组、I/R组、L-Arg组和L-NAME组.用生物化学方法测定大鼠血浆CK、CK-MB及NO水平,测定心肌组织XOD、SOD、MDA含量.用BL-420生物机能实验系统监测大鼠MAP、LVSP、±dp/dt_(max)等.结果:LI/R后,血浆CK、CK-MB水平均明显升高(P＜0.01);心肌组织SOD活性降低而MDA、XOD含量增加(P＜0.01或P＜0.05);MAP、LVSP、dp/dt_(max)、-dp/dtmax均降低(P＜0.01或P＜0.05);血浆NO水平在L-Arg组明显升高(P＜0.01),在L-NAME组显著降低(P＜0.05).结论:大鼠LI/R可引起心肌损伤,机体的氧化应激状态可能是其发生机制之一;提高体内NO水平可在一定程度上减轻LI/R后心肌损伤的程度.
采用气相色谱"反吹、微流控"技术分析原油C_5-C_(13)轻馏分及其地球化学意义初探

采用装有程序升温(PTV)进样器、"反吹"、"微流控"装置和FID检测器的Agilent5975MSD,用HP PONA色谱柱,对油样进行反吹切割分离,利用"微流控"调节色谱柱出口连接的两根毛细柱的分流比,可同时获得色谱、色质全扫描和多离子检测3种分析结果.对比平湖4井油样色谱和色质分析的总离子色谱图,nC_6至nC_(13)各正构烷烃的保留时间相差仅0.02-0.58 min,使同一样品的化合物诸峰几乎一一对应,为吸收、应用和发展石油化工界对汽油组成的研究成果,提供了新的有力的色质定性工具.用115个标样,汽油中烃类的色谱分析文献和色质分析Nist 0.5谱库检索等方法,对C_5-C_(13)轻馏分约286个谱峰进行了族组成定性,尚发现有不少混合峰存在.对CNPC KLPG的原油样品库中8个烃源岩沉积水体盐度分别为盐湖、半咸-咸、淡-微咸的典型油样的研究结果,显示原油C_6-C_(13)馏分的族组成分布,有可能用于油-油对比的研究.
城市森林交界域树冠火多树辐射理论与模拟实验研究

首先研究了在城市森林交界域利用圆柱火焰面辐射几何模型预测典型单树树冠火辐射的理论依据,在单树辐射模型的基础上发展了多树辐射的简化模型,然后选用雪松为实验树,在开放空间进行了模拟实验研究,得到了多棵雪松燃烧形成的树冠火的辐射热通量值.通过对理论值和测量值进行对比分析,验证了圆柱辐射模型的合理性,给出了用多树辐射模型预测树冠火辐射的适用条件.研究表明,在开放空间、无通风且不考虑树冠火之间耦合作用的条件下,圆柱模型能够较为准确的预测树冠火辐射热流密度随时间的变化.
塔里木盆地土壤盐分变化特征分析

在潜水蒸发剧烈地区,土壤含盐量与地下水矿化度和埋深直接相关,确定三者间关系是合理排水系统设计和地下水管理的基础.根据塔里木盆地实测土壤含盐量及主要组分含量、地下水埋深和矿化度资料,分析了土壤含盐量主要组分变化特征,建立了0-30,0-60和0-100 cm不同土层土壤含盐量与地下水埋深和矿化度三者间函数关系.研究结果显示在旱区土壤积盐与地下水矿化度和埋深存在显著相关关系,并建立三者间经验关系,为根据作物耐盐度确定地下水临界深度和地下水管理提供指导.
用线粒体Cytb基因序列探讨冬虫夏草寄主蝠蛾的系统进化关系

为探讨冬虫夏草寄主蝠蛾种属间的系统进化关系,采用CTAB法分别从18个冬虫夏草居群的虫草虫体头部和2种寄主蝠蛾中提取基因组DNA,PCR扩增获得冬虫夏草寄主线粒体Cytb基因片段序列.结合GenBank中的蝙蝠蛾科24种冬虫夏草寄主的同源序列,构建NJ系统树.结果表明,双栉蝠蛾属(Bipectilus)先于蝠蛾属(Hepialus)和类蝠蛾属(Hepialiscus)分化;蝠蛾属的冬虫夏草寄主种类众多形态各异,且均有特定的地理分布,蝠蛾属的种间遗传分化也较明显,蝠蛾属可能是多系起源;Cytb基因序列在冬虫夏草寄主蝠蛾种属间存在较丰富的变异,在蝠蛾属中除草地蝠蛾和金沙蝠蛾的该段序列完全一致外,其他种类蝠蛾种间变异率为0.23%-9.24%,Cytb基因序列可用于冬虫夏草寄主昆虫种的鉴定,但有必要获取更多种类的寄主昆虫来进一步验证.通过对冬虫夏草虫体头部提取的DNA进行PCR扩增获得其寄主蝠蛾Cytb基因序列的方法准确有效,有助于进一步获取更多的基因序列对更多的冬虫夏草居群和寄主种类进行系统发育、居群遗传结构及菌虫相互关系等研究.
我国恶性肿瘤手术中无瘤操作技术的进展

随着疾病谱的变化,恶性肿瘤发病率越来越高,并趋于年轻化.肿瘤的浸润和转移是恶性肿瘤重要的生物学特性,也是引起死亡的主要原因.外科手术仍是目前治疗恶性肿瘤最直接、最有效的方法.但手术操作往往会增加恶性细胞医源性扩散的概率,而影响手术的治疗效果.1954年Cole等提出了无瘤操作技术的概念,它是指在恶性肿瘤的手术操作中为减少或防止癌细胞的脱落、种植和播散而采取的一系列措施,其目的一是防止癌细胞沿血道、淋巴道扩散,二是防止癌细胞种植.大量的研究已证实,无瘤操作技术可有效减少根治性手术后肿瘤的局部复发和远处转移,从而改善病人的预后,延长病人的无瘤生存期.本文就无瘤操作技术的进展进行综述,目的在于推动国内更多的参与恶性肿瘤外科切除的手术人员认识到无瘤操作技术的重要性,积极地加佑强并完善无瘤操作技术的技能,以便全面而有效地提高恶性肿瘤患者的生存率,改善其生存质量.
1例Nelson综合征伴垂体卒中患者的护理

总结1例Nelson综合征伴垂体卒中患者的护理.此例患者有多种疾病的并发症,护理中全面正确地评估患者,制定有针对性的护理措施:术前以观察患者的生命体征为重点,制定预防高颅压、空腹低血糖及餐后高血糖等个性化护理措施,使患者顺利达到手术标准,顺利转往神经外科进行垂体切除术.
青葙子及其伪品苦地丁种子的鉴别

目的:为青葙子及其伪品苦地丁种子的鉴别提供参考依据.方法:应用性状、显微粉末特征比较,理化鉴别,薄层色谱及紫外光谱法对其进行了鉴别.结果:二者外观性状差异较小,显微特征、理化鉴别、薄层色谱及紫外光谱则区别较大.结论:可用显微粉末、薄层色谱、理化和紫外光谱特征鉴别二者.
我院静脉药物配置中心信息系统的构建与应用

目的:建立适用于静脉药物配置中心的信息系统.方法:采用C/S模式,应用SQL Server数据库管理系统和PB等开发工具,嵌套了合理用药软件系统(PASS)、患者信息查询系统.结果:开发和应用了静脉药物配置中心信息系统.结论:该系统的建立与运行不仅提高了工作效率和正确率,而且对药品库存管理提供了一种更科学、更规范的管理模式.同时在临床药学方面的功能拓展,为临床药学服务提供了良好的工作平台.
试论中医"治未病"之概念及其科学内容

“治未病”是中医具原创性的观点。本世纪人们普遍认为，医学朝向健康，人的身体会不断出偏，需要不断纠偏；如果能抓住在器质性病变形成之前的两个环节：预防保健与及早干预，将病情控制在功能状态，是一件很有意义的事情。社会公众希望医疗卫生工作重心前移，即从治疗疾病向减少疾病转移。缘于此，治未病的观点越来越受到重视。当今，阐明中医“治未病”的概念及其科学内容，既有理论意义，又具有重大的应用价值。
普通肝素持续微量泵入与低分子肝素治疗进展性脑卒中疗效对比

0引言进展性卒中属难治性脑血管疾病之一. 进展性脑梗死患者应早期应用抗凝药物. 由于普通肝素易引起出血,近年来低分子肝素已被广泛应用,但是我们在临床工作中发现,低分子肝素对进展性脑梗死疗效并不满意,而采用肝素持续微量泵入对进展性脑梗死的治疗取得了较好的临床疗效.
对几种中医药期刊发表的中药临床试验中副反应报告的评价

目的 对中药临床试验中副反应报告的情况进行评价,以期改进中药临床试验安全性的报告.方法 手工检索<中医杂志>、<福建中医药>、<成都中医药大学学报>1980～2004年期间3个五年刊登的有关中药的随机对照试验和对照临床试验文章.对每篇临床试验文章的方法、结果和讨论部分分别提取相关的数据.结果 15年间(跨度25年)3种期刊中药临床试验的文章中,分别只有40%(354/879篇)、38%(173/452篇)和33%(40/123篇)对副反应进行了报告,其质量和数量虽呈上升趋势,依然存在报告不充分、不规范的问题,所下结论证据不足.结论 中药临床试验报告对安全性观察和报告重视不够,对规范报告副反应提出了相应建议.
多囊卵巢综合征的临床演变

多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)是最重要的一种女性雄激素活性过高性疾病,在妇科内分泌临床中常见,估计在生育年龄妇女中患病率为4%～12%[1-2]。根据2006年中国卫生统计提要的数据,推算全国范围内仅25～34岁间患PCOS妇女可能高达433万～1300万。PCOS具有4个主要特征:(1)雄激素过多。(2)排卵障碍和月经失调。(3)有雄激素过多症的临床特征。(4)卵巢多囊性改变(PCO)[3]。PCOS临床表现异质性明显:在诊断为PCOS的患者中,约75%有月经明显失调,但约20%月经正常;约60%～80%循环雄激素水平升高;约60%有多毛,15%～25%有痤疮;经阴道超声检查显示约75%患者的卵巢可以发现有多囊性改变,但在10%～30%的患者中,其卵巢未表现出多囊性改变。PCOS不仅降低患者的生殖功能,而且还使其代谢失调,易发生胰岛素抵抗、脂代谢异常,导致远期糖尿病和心血管疾病的发生危险性升高,甚至发生子宫内膜癌的危险增加。PCOS可能起病于子宫内,出生后长期伴随着妇女,因此需要长期甚至终生医疗和保健[4]。数十年来,随着对PCOS演变过程的关注逐步增加,对该病处理的策略已从既往主要针对某个阶段某个方面进行治疗发展到对生殖和健康问题做全程诊治和预防。本文仅就有限的文献资料进行概括，并结合长期临床工作的实践，体会该综合症的演变。
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Mo-S Cluster Compound Coordinated by Isonicotinate

A cluster compound, Mo3S4(DTP)_3(IN)(Py)·EtOH I (DTP = diethyl dithiophosphate, IN = isonicotinate) has been rationally synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal belongs to the triclinic system, space group Pi with a = 13.6345(2), b = 13.7805(2), c = 14.5400(1) (A), α = 107.078(1), β = 113.380(1), γ = 96.310(1)°, C_(25)H_(45)Mo_3-N_(2O9)P3S10, Mr = 1218.96, V= 2315.75(5) (A)3, Z = 2, Dc = 1.748 g/cm3, μ = 1.399, F(000) = 1224, R = 0.0425 and wR = 0.1144 for 6335 observed reflections (Ⅰ＞2σ(Ⅰ)). 31P NMR spectrum has been measured with the resonance 110.050 and 108.783 (2:1).
一种新的动态载荷识别方法

本文提出一种基于光滑样条函数的动态载荷识别方法。该方法克服了传统的频域法和时域法需要事先测定系统频响函数或模态参数的限制，只需要系统的少量物理参数就可以达到载荷识别的目的。文中设计了一个十自由度的系统，算例表明了该方法的有效性。
中耳腔绿色瘤1例

患儿女性,1岁3个月,上呼吸道感染后左耳流少量黄色渗出液2周,以“乳突炎”治疗后渗出消息,但继发左侧面瘫4天,CT示中耳,鼓室,乳秃腔内均为软组织密度影,并破坏周围骨组织,手术见左耳面神经水平段
软组织的生物力学特性

生物软组织的力学特性，主要指的是黏弹性特性，这种黏弹性特性已广泛应用于生物体的基础研究，如眼角膜、肺、心瓣膜和血管等，随着组织工程的研究进展，组织工程产生的软组织黏弹性的确定是评定组织工程成败的关键所在，对生物软组织黏弹性的物性进行了研究，从归一化松驰函数G（t）和归一化蠕变函数J(t)中分别解出参数τ_1,τ_2和C,在求解J(t)中,借助Whittaker函数给出指数积分函数E_1(X)近似幂级数展开式，最后以扩张皮肤为例，分别研究其蠕变、松驰和大变形的应力-应变关系。