mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
A redox-active conjugated microporous polymer cathode for highperformance lithium/potassium-organic batteries

Organic redox-active materials have emerged as a class of electrode materials for rechargeable batteries due to their high redox activity, low cost, structure diversity and flexibility. However, the high solubility of organic small molecules in organic electrolytes commonly leads to the fast capacity decay with cycling. Herein, we report a redox-active conjugated microporous polymer of poly(pyrene-co-anthraquinone) (PyAq) cathode material consisting of pyrene and anthraquinone units. Benefiting from the highly cross-linked polymer structure with insoluble nature in organic electrolytes, the high surface area and the plentiful redox-active carbonyl groups, the PyAq cathode demonstrates outstanding electrochemical performances for both lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and potassium-ion batteries (KIBs). Specifically, the PyAq cathode for LIBs delivers a high reversible capacity of 169 mAh g~(-1) at the current density of 20 mA g~(-1), a high rate capability (142 mAh g~(-1) at 1000 mA g~(-1)) and an excellent cycling stability for 4000 cycles. Additionally, the PyAq cathode for KIBs also exhibits a high reversible capacity of 143 mAh g~(-1) with a long cycling life over 800 cycles. The excellent electrochemical performance demonstrates that the newly developed PyAq could be an attractive cathode material for the advanced energy storage technologies.
GmCRY1s modulate gibberellin metabolism to regulate soybean shade avoidance in response to reduced blue light

Soybean is an important legume crop that displays the classic shade avoidance syndrome (SAS), including exaggerated stem elongation, which leads to lodging and yield reduction under density farming conditions. Here, we compared the effects of two shade signals, low red light to far-red light ratio (R:FR) and low blue light (LBL), on soybean status and revealed that LBL predominantly induces excessive stem elongation. We used CRISPR-Cas9-engineered Gmcry mutants to investigate the functions of seven cryptochromes (GmCRYs) in soybean and found that the four GmCRY1s overlap in mediating LBL-induced SAS. Lightactivated GmCRY1s increase the abundance of the bZIP transcription factors STF1 and STF2, which directly upregulate the expression of genes encoding GA2 oxidases to deactivate GA1 and repress stem elongation. Notably, GmCRY1b overexpression lines displayed multiple agronomic advantages over the wild-type control under both dense planting and intercropping conditions. Our study demonstrates the integration of GmCRY1-mediated signals with the GA metabolic pathway in the regulation of LBL-induced SAS in soybean. It also provides a promising option for breeding lodging-resistant, high-yield soybean cultivars in the future.
Receptor-like Kinases in Root Development: Current Progress and Future Directions

Cell-to-cell and cell-to-environment communications are critical to the growth and development of plants. Cell surface-localized receptor-like kinases (RLKs) are mainly involved in sensing various extracellular signals to initiate their corresponding cellular responses. As important vegetative organs for higher plants to adapt to a terrestrial living situation, roots play a critical role for the survival of plants. It has been demonstrated that RLKs control many biological processes during root growth and development. In this review, we summarize several key regulatory processes during Arabidopsis root development in which RLKs play critical roles. We also put forward a number of relevant questions that are required to be explored in future studies.
Phenotypic heterogeneity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 8 and modifying mechanisms of neurodegeneration

In his accounts “On longevity and shortness of life”, Aristotle considered how diseased states could be interchangeably associated with long and short lifespans. He believed that the presence of opposite elements and the environment were the sole determinants of this variability. Nowadays, also struck by the same phenomenon observed by the Greek philosopher, human geneticists are still trying to define the etiological basis of the phenotypic plasticity in neurodegenerative disorders. Among such diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) stands out as a highly heterogeneous condition. Patients affected by ALS commonly start manifesting symptoms such as weakness in the upper or lower limbs, difficulty in climbing stairs, fasciculations and loss of muscular mass. As the disease progresses, patients become wheelchair-bound and bulbar signs such as dysarthria and dysphagia become more pronounced. Death occurs on average after 3 years of onset, mainly due to respiratory failure (Renton et al., 2014). However, this canonical course is frequently variable, with a myriad of phenotypic alterations (Swinnen and Robberecht, 2014). Here, we describe different aspects of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 8 (ALS8) clinical variability, both in terms of clinical manifestations and in rate of disease progression. Then, we outline our recent work on ALS8 patients (Oliveira et al., 2020), in which we tried to address the molecular underpinnings of clinical progression variation in the patients we studied. We were able to rule out welldescribed genetic modifiers, such as EPHA4 and UNC13A, and potential copy number variation alterations. Interestingly, both cell death rates and energetic metabolism appeared to be different among the severe ALS8, mild ALS8 and controls, suggesting an attenuation of pathological process in the less affected patients. Whole transcriptomic analysis of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)-derived motor neurons pointed that both “mild patients” presented 43 upregulated and 66 downregulated genes, when compared to controls and the “severe” group. Interestingly, most of the identified genes were associated with protein synthesis and protein targeting to endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Expression of protein translation markers’ pMTOR, 4EBP1 and RPS6 were found to be high in the mild ALS8 individuals, when compared to both controls and the severe group. To sum up, our data point that mitigating factors are most likely preventing neurodegeneration in ALS8 through maintenance of protein synthesis. Further studies, assessing the relationship among these potential genetic modifiers and the pathophysiology in ALS8, are fundamental. They might shed light on venues for treatment of this devastating disease.
Identification of potential oxidative stress biomarkers for spinal cord injury in erythrocytes using mass spectrometry

Oxidative stress is a hallmark of secondary injury associated with spinal cord injury. Identifying stable and specific oxidative biomarkers is of important significance for studying spinal cord injury-associated secondary injury. Mature erythrocytes do not contain nuclei and mitochondria and cannot be transcribed and translated. Therefore, mature erythrocytes are highly sensitive to oxidative stress and may become a valuable biomarker. In the present study, we revealed the proteome dynamics of protein expression in erythrocytes of beagle dogs in the acute and subacute phases of spinal cord injury using mass spectrometry-based approaches. We found 26 proteins that were differentially expressed in the acute (0-3 days) and subacute (7-21 days) phases of spinal cord injury. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that these differentially expressed proteins were involved in glutathione metabolism, lipid metabolism, and pentose phosphate and other oxidative stress pathways. Western blot assays validated the differential expression of glutathione synthetase, transaldolase, and myeloperoxidase. This result was consistent with mass spectrometry results, suggesting that erythrocytes can be used as a novel sample source of biological markers of oxidative stress in spinal cord injury. Glutathione synthetase, transaldolase, and myeloperoxidase sourced from erythrocytes are potential biomarkers of oxidative stress after spinal cord injury. This study was approved by the Experimental Animal Centre of Ningxia Medical University, China (approval No. 2017-073) on February 13, 2017.
Utility of somatosensory and motor-evoked potentials in reflecting gross and fine motor functions after unilateral cervical spinal cord contusion injury

Fine motor skills are thought to rely on the integrity of ascending sensory pathways in the spinal dorsal column as well as descending motor pathways that have a neocortical origin. However, the neurophysiological processes underlying communication between the somatosensory and motor pathways that regulate fine motor skills during spontaneous recovery after spinal cord contusion injury remain unclear. Here, we established a rat model of cervical hemicontusive injury using C5 laminectomy followed by contusional displacement of 1.2 mm (mild injury) or 2.0 mm (severe injury) to the C5 spinal cord. Electrophysiological recordings were performed on the brachial muscles up to 12 weeks after injury to investigate the mechanisms by which spinal cord pathways participate in motor function. After spinal cord contusion injury, the amplitudes of somatosensory and motor-evoked potentials were reduced, and the latencies were increased. The forelimb open field locomotion test, grooming test, rearing test and Montoya staircase test revealed improvement in functions. With increasing time after injury, the amplitudes of somatosensory and motor-evoked potentials in rats with mild spinal cord injury increased gradually, and the latencies gradually shortened. In comparison, the recovery times of somatosensory and motor-evoked potential amplitudes and latencies were longer, and the recovery of motor function was delayed in rats with severe spinal cord injury. Correlation analysis revealed that somatosensoryevoked potential and motor-evoked potential parameters were correlated with gross and fine motor function in rats with mild spinal cord contusion injury. In contrast, only somatosensory-evoked potential amplitude was correlated with fine motor skills in rats with severe spinal cord injury. Our results show that changes in both somatosensory and motor-evoked potentials can reflect the changes in gross and fine motor functions after mild spinal cord contusion injury, and that the change in somatosensory-evoked potential amplitude can also reflect the change in fine motor function after severe spinal cord contusion injury. This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, China (approval No. NFYY-2017-67) on June 11, 2017.
Tool Orientation Optimization and Path Planning for 5-Axis Machining

Tool path generation is a fundamental problem in 5-axis CNC machining, which consists of tool orientation planning and cutter-contact (CC) point planning. The planning strategy highly depends on the type of tool cutters. For ball-end cutters, the tool orientation and CC point location can be planned separately; while for flat end cutters, the two are highly dependent on each other. This paper generates a smooth tool path of workpiece surfaces for flat end mills from two stages: Computing smooth tool orientations on the surface without gouging and collisions and then designing the CC point path. By solving the tool posture optimization problem the authors achieve both the path smoothness and the machining efficiency. Experimental results are provided to show the effectiveness of the method.
Structural transformations of carboxyl acids networks induced by concentration and oriented external electric field

The effects of concentration and an oriented external electric field on the transformations of hydrogen-bonded structures of trimesic acid(TMA)and terephthalic acid(TPA)have been investigated at a liquid- solid interface by scanning tunneling microscopy(STM). The triangular periodic TMA framework can be transformed into a flower-like structure by changing the STM sample bias sign in situ. Networks of TMA and TPA are porous at a negative substrate bias, but typically change to relatively compact forms when the polarity of the applied bias is reversed. This change is reversible if the applied bias is reversed. The effects have potentials to locally control the capture and release of analytes in host-guest systems and the 2D morphology in multicomponent layers.
Detection of Diethyl Ether by a Europium MOF through Fluorescence Enhancement

A new water-stable europium MOF,(Me_2NH_2)[Eu(abtc)(phen)]·2H_2O(1), has been synthesized from Eu(NO_3)_3·6H_2O with 1,10-phenanthroline(phen)and 3,3',5,5'-azobenzenetetracarboxylic acid(H_4abtc)ligands under solvothermal conditions and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, IR, TGA and PXRD. It crystallizes in monoclinic system, C2/c space group, with a = 16.278(3), b = 14.261(3), c = 27.936(5)A, β = 103.464(3)°, V = 6307(2)A~3, Z = 8, C_(30)H_(26)EuN_5O_(10), M_r = 768.5, D_c = 1.543 g/cm~3, F(000)= 2912, μ(MoKa)= 2.044 mm~(-1), R = 0.0315 and wR = 0.0663. In the structure of 1, the EuO_7N_2 polyhedra are assembled into a 2D layer with rhombic windows and these layers are further condensed to form a 3D framework. It can be used as selective and sensitive fluorescence sensors capable of detecting diethyl ether vapor.
Wearable ubiquitous energy system

In recent years,owing to the growing maturity of Internet of Things technology and mobile communication technology,intelligent wearable devices have developed rapidly.They have been widely applied in aviation,medicine,military,entertainment and other fields.Through intelligent wearable devices,people can communicate efficiently,dynamically perceive external environments,and monitor the body's vital signs.The devices can also timely feedback and process information.However,on the one hand,wearable devices are restricted by the requirements of comfort,portability and miniaturization.On the other hand,traditional batteries also have problems such as large quality,large volume,short battery life and limited power supply life.In addition,non-active power generation has low power density and poor continuity,which is not enough to support equipments for a long time.Energy supply has been the bottleneck restricting further development of wearable devices.
Design space for stabilized negative capacitance in HfO_2 ferroelectric-dielectric stacks based on phase field simulation

Polarization evolution with space and time in HfO_2 based metal-ferroelectric-insulator-metal (MFIM) structure is studied based on the phase field model by self-consistently solving the two-dimensional time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau and Poisson equations.Through examining the domain wall and electrostatic (depolarization) energies compared with the negative ferroelectric (FE) anisotropy energy,the correlation between the domain pattern (phase transition) and negative capacitance (NC) effect is revealed for different structure parameters and material properties,including FE thickness and gradient coefficient,dielectric permittivity and thickness,and operation frequency of applied voltage.The design space for stabilized NC with (near) hysteresis-free operation accompanied with voltage amplification is limited by phase transition,implying the potentials and limitations of FE HfO_2 for energy-efficient steep-slope devices.
A local observability analysis method for a time-varying nonlinear system and its application in the continuous self-calibration system

Employing observability analysis of a dynamic system is necessary to determine the efficiency of a Kalman filter designed to estimate the state of dynamic system,and the system state is a set of variables which can describe the motion state of the dynamic system.The observability sets a lower limit for the estimation error,and the lower the limit,the better the likelihood of obtaining an accurate estimate of the system state.In other words,if the system is not observable,it is not possible to accurately estimate the system state,even if the noise level is negligible.While the observability analysis of a constant linear system is simple,analyzing a time-varying nonlinear system is quite complicated.Goshen-Meskin and Bar-Itzhack modeled the time-varying nonlinear system as the piece-wise constant system (PWCS) to analyze its observability,which is presented as a step-by-step procedure.Chen introduced a concept of the local observability for the time-varying linear system,and Bartosiewicz extended this concept to the nonlinear system.For the observability of the system state,singular value decomposition (SVD) has been widely used to analyze the observable degree.However,this method had a theoretical limitation,namely,the dimensions of singular values corresponding to different system states are different;therefore it is unreasonable to directly compare the singular values.However,to the best of our knowledge,little research has been conducted on the observability analysis of the time-varying nonlinear system.
Petrology, Geochemistry, and Sr-Nd-S Isotopic Compositions of the Ore-Hosting Biotite Monzodiorite in the Luanjiahe Gold Deposit, Jiaodong Peninsula, China

The Jiaodong Peninsula is one of the most important Au ore provinces in China. There is an ongoing debate on the correlation between ore formation and magmatism in this province, because few intrusive rocks exhibit a clear association with ore deposits. A mineralized biotite monzodiorite(BM)stock, with disseminated ore, pervasive phyllic alteration, and no deformation, was found in a borehole in the footwall of the Zhaoping fault within the Luanjiahe Au deposit, which may shed light on this debate. The biotite monzodiorite contains explosion breccias, miarolitic cavities, skeletal and dendritic quartz, and late-stage evolved aplite dikes, and the in-situ δ~(34)S values of the disseminated pyrite which is associated with Au mineralization are-1.7‰ to 7.3‰(mean=3.5‰), indicative of a magmatichydrothermal system. These findings, combined with the reported age of 123 Ma, show that the intrusion has close spatial, temporal, and geochemical relationships with Au mineralization in the area. The biotite monzodiorite is metaluminous, high-K calc-alkaline and shoshonitic, with enrichment in light rare earth elements(REEs)and large-ion lithophile elements(LILEs), depletion in high-field-strength elements(HFSEs), and enriched Sr-Nd isotopic compositions. The intrusion may be the product of partial melting of enriched lithospheric mantle with a small lower crustal component. The hydrous,Au-bearing, enriched mantle source, and the strongly oxidized magma that was generated, created favorable conditions for Au mineralization.
N-acetylcysteine maintains penile length and erectile function in bilateral cavernous nerve crush rat model by reducing penile fibrosis

Penile length shortening and erectile dysfunction are common complications after radical prostatectomy. Various methods have been used to maintain erectile function, but less attention has been paid to preserving penis length. N-acetylcysteine(NAC)has the effect of antioxidation and antifibrotic, which may be beneficial to improve those postoperative complications. This study investigated the effect of NAC on maintaining the penile length and the erectile function after bilateral cavernous nerve crush(BCNC)and its underlying mechanism. Twenty-four male rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group, BCNC group,and BCNC + NAC group. NAC or equal volume of saline was daily administrated by intragastric gavage for 4 weeks. The initial and end penile lengths were measured. Intracavernosal pressure/mean arterial pressure(ICP/MAP)ratio was calculated to assess erectile function. Hematoxylin-eosin staining, Masson's trichrome staining, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot were performed to explore cellular and molecular changes of the penis. Compared to the BCNC group, the penile length, ICP/MAP ratio and smooth muscle/collagen ratio in the BCNC + NAC group were improved significantly(all P <0.05), and the expressions of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, α-smooth muscle actin, glutathione, and glutathione peroxidase 1 were significantly increased after NAC treated(all P <0.05), along with the decreased expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, transforming growth factor-β1, collagen I,collagen III, collagen IV, malonaldehyde, and lysine oxidase(all P <0.05). This study demonstrated that NAC could maintain penile length and partly improve erectile function. Possible mechanism is directly and/or indirectly related to antihypoxic and antifibrosis.
Multifunctional layered black phosphorene-based nanoplatform for disease diagnosis and treatment: a review

As an outstanding two-dimensional material, black phosphorene, has attracted significant attention in the biomedicine field due to its large surface area, strong optical absorption, distinct bioactivity, excellent biocompatibility, and high biodegradability. In this review, the preparation and properties of black phosphorene are summarized first. Thereafter, black phosphorene-based multifunctional platforms employed for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, including cancer, bone injuries, brain diseases, progressive oxidative diseases, and kidney injury, are reviewed in detail. This review provides a better understanding of the exciting properties of black phosphorene, such as its high drug-loading efficiency, photo-thermal conversion capability, high ~1O_2 generation efficiency, and high electrical conductivity, as well as how these properties can be exploited in biomedicine. Finally, the research perspectives of black phosphorene are discussed.
Preface to the special issue on "Biomedical Optics"

Biomedical optics is an interdisciplinary subject of optics and life sciences. In recent years, as researches of life science have entered microscopic scale at cellular level, the application of optics in biomedical researches has been extensively studied. Biomedical optics can be divided into two major branches according to research purposes. One is to use advanced optical methods to obtain biomedical information, whose recent trend of development is highspeed in vivo imaging, such as super-resolution imaging [1], fluorescence imaging [2], optical coherence tomography [3], and photoacoustic imaging [4]. The other is to use the interaction of light and biological tissues for disease treatment, such as photodynamic therapy [5],whose recent trend of development is precise treatment. This special issue on "Biomedical Optics" includes two reviews and six research articles, covering most of the topics mentioned.
Identification of structural parameters and boundary conditions using a minimum number of measurement points

This article proposes a novel methodology that uses mathematical and numerical models of a structure to build a data set and determine crucial nodes that possess the highest sensitivity. Regression surfaces between the structural parameters and structural output features, represented by the natural frequencies of the structure and local transmissibility, are built using the numerical data set. A description of a possible experimental application is provided, where sensors are mounted at crucial nodes, and the natural frequencies and local transmissibility at each natural frequency are determined from the power spectral density and the power spectral density ratios of the sensor responses, respectively. An inverse iterative process is then applied to identify the structural parameters by matching the experimental features with the available parameters in the myriad numerical data set. Three examples are presented to demonstrate the feasibility and efficacy of the proposed methodology. The results reveal that the method was able to accurately identify the boundary coefficients and physical parameters of the Euler-Bernoulli beam as well as a highway bridge model with elastic foundations using only two measurement points. It is expected that the proposed method will have practical applications in the identification and analysis of restored structural systems with unknown parameters and boundary coefficients.