mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Elevated CO_2 differentially affects tobacco and rice defense against lepidopteran larvae via the jasmonic acid signaling pathway

Atmospheric CO_2 levels are rapidly increasing due to human activities. However, the effects of elevated CO_2 (ECO_2) on plant defense against insects and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we show that ECO_2 increased the photosynthetic rates and the biomass of tobacco and rice plants, and the chewing lepidopteran insects Spodoptera litura and Mythimna separata gained less and more mass on tobacco and rice plants, respectively. Consistently, under ECO_2, the levels of jasmonic acid (JA), the main phytohormone controlling plant defense against these lepidopteran insects, as well as the main defense-related metabolites, were increased and decreased in insect-damaged tobacco and rice plants. Importantly, bioassays and quantification of defense-related metabolites in tobacco and rice silenced in JA biosynthesis and perception indicate that ECO_2 changes plant resistance mainly by affecting the JA pathway. We further demonstrate that the defensive metabolites, but not total N or protein, are the main factors contributing to the altered defense levels under ECO_2. This study illustrates that ECO_2 changes the interplay between plants and insects, and we propose that crops should be studied for their resistance to the major pests under ECO_2 to predict the impact of ECO_2 on future agroecosystems.
High-Tech Acupuncture for Prevention of Lifestyle Diseases—A Sino-Austrian Cooperation Research Protocol on Heart Rate Variability

Background: Acupuncture can not only be used for well-known diseases, but also for so-called modern lifestyle-related diseases. Using innovative methods like e.g. new analyses of heart rate variability (HRV), it is also possible to investigate diseases like burnout syndrome, ie., qi deficiency in Chinese medicine (CM). Objective: The main object of this research protocol is to perform research on the relationship of burnout syndrome and heart rate (HR) and HRV. Methods: A total of 175 patients with burnout syndrome (qi deficiency syndrome) in five groups and 35 healthy volunteers will be investigated. Based on random numbers generated by computer and concealed in opaque envelops, the patients will be assigned to four acupuncture groups using Zusanli (ST 36) acupuncture stimulation, Guanyuan (CV4) acupuncture stimulation, both points, and both points with Streitberger device respectively, and a moxibustion group using both points mentioned above, with 35 cases in each group. Altogether four different experiments are planned. Experiment 1 includes 70 subjects and is a comparison between a burnout group and a control group (healthy volunteers). The evaluation parameters are different scores and indices of HR and HRV. Experiment 2 includes 140 subjects and compares the efficacy of different acupuncture points. In experiment 3 (105 subjects), acupuncture and moxibustion should be compared to healthy volunteers. Experiment 4 (70 subjects) investigates the long-term therapeutic effects of acupuncture and moxibustion on the scores of qi deficiency and HR/HRV in qi deficiency patients. In both the acupuncture and moxibustion groups, a total of 10 treatments will be performed. Conclusions: The joint research aims at the scientific evaluation of CM, mainly in the field of HRV. This parameter could be a very good indicator of the state of health and can be influenced by different acupuncture methods, as shown in the past.
Efficacy of Modified Wuzhuyu Decoction Granule (加减吴茱萸汤颗粒剂) for Migraine Patients with Cold and Stasis Obstructing Meridian Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Objective: To study the efficacy of modified Wuzhuyu Decoction Granule (加减吴茱萸汤颗粒, MWDG) in the treatment of migraine patients with cold and stasis obstructing meridian syndrome. Methods: This study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. A total of 78 migraine patients with cold and stasis obstructing meridian syndrome were recruited and randomly assigned by a ratio of 2:1 into a treatment group (51 cases) and a placebo group (27 cases). Patients in the treatment group were treated with MWDG while placebo granules were applied in the control group. The treatment course lasted for 12 weeks with a follow-up of 4 weeks. The primary outcome measures included frequency and days of migraine attacks and the secondary outcome measures were analgesics consumption and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores. All outcome assessments were conducted respectively at baseline, the 4th, 8th and 12th week, and the end of follow-up. Results: In the treatment group, significant decrease in frequency of migraine attacks were observed since the 4th week and that of analgesics consumption since the 8th week (both P<0.05). While, in the placebo group, significant decrease in frequency of migraine attacks were observed since the 8th week and that of analgesics consumption since the 12th week (both P<0.05). No significant decrease in days of migraine attacks and VAS scores of migraine pain were observed in both groups. Between the two groups, there were significant differences in VAS scores and intensity of pain appeared in the 8th week (P<0.05). However, no significant differences were found in days and frequency of migraine attacks and analgesics consumption (P>0.05). Conclusions: MWDG was probably effective in the treatment of migraine especially for alleviating pain intensity. Furthermore, MWDG could reduce the frequency of migraine attacks and analgesics consumption sooner than the placebo.
K-T综合征合并纤溶异常致肺栓塞一例

1900年,Klippel-Trenaunay综合征(Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome, KTS )由2名法国医生Klippel和Trenaunay发现并命名,系一种多因素作用、中胚层发育异常的先天性血管畸形,可累及一个或多个肢体,主要表现为皮肤血管痣(瘤)、静脉曲张、软组织及骨肥大畸形三联征。主要并发症包括高凝状态,血栓形成及肺栓塞(pulmonary embolism, PE)。现报道1例首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院急诊重症监护室收治的KTS引发PE的患者及随访3年的资料,并进行文献复习。
高产广适早熟小麦新品种-偃高21

偃高21是以周麦16×豫麦49的F2优良单株为母本、丰产早熟小麦品种豫麦18为父本进行杂交,采用系谱法选育而成。2017年通过第三届国家农作物品种审定委员会第九次会议审定,审定编号:国审麦20170013。
矿用装载机工作装置有限元分析及轻量化设计

首先建立了矿用装载机工作装置的有限元实体模型,在整机最危险姿态下对工作装置进行了静力学分析,得到其应力分布情况,结果显示斗杆构件应力盈余较多,然后基于APDL语言建立了斗杆参数化模型,以质量最轻为目标函数,结构横截面尺寸为设计参数,结构强度为约束条件,对其进行轻量化设计,结果显示,在结构强度满足要求的同时斗杆质量减轻了41.9%。最后对优化前后工作装置实体模型进行了模态分析,结果显示固有振型和固有频率变化不大,工作装置动态性能稳定。表明该优化方法效果显著,具有可行性,为矿用装载机工作装置及整机的轻量化设计提供了参考。
差速轮式移动机器人的导航算法研究及仿真实验

针对差速轮式移动机器人的导航算法中的直线和圆弧导航只是针对单一角度变量进行纠偏,且越接近终点时纠偏效果越剧烈,当PID参数很大时,会导致很大超调,因此对该算法进行了改进,提出了新的导航算法。首先介绍差速轮式移动机器人的定位算法和导航算法,然后分析导航存在的问题及产生的原因并提出了新的导航方法,最后建Simulink模型进行仿真,仿真结果显示新的导航方法取得了良好的效果。
印刷机故障诊断技术研究综述

在简单介绍印刷机故障诊断技术的基础上,将目前印刷机故障诊断技术主要分为基于信号分析、基于知识处理、基于解析模型、基于印刷图像等4类,对每类印刷机故障诊断技术中的研究方法、应用现状及优缺点进行了详细分析,最后从组合型智能诊断技术、在-离线复合诊断技术、基于印刷画面多元特征分析诊断技术、全面多功能诊断技术4个方面,对印刷机状态监测和故障诊断技术有待解决的问题进行了分析与探讨,提出了印刷机故障诊断技术的发展趋势与研究方向。
Manganese ferrite nanoparticles with different concentrations: Preparation and magnetism

MnFe2O4 nanoparticles were synthesized by thermal decomposition of a metal–organic salt in organic solvent with a high boiling point. Some nanoparticles exhibited the triangular shape which has not been observed before as far as we know, while some nanoparticles formed the aggregates with different sizes and shapes. The strength of interparticle dipolar interaction was changed by diluting MnFe_2O_4 nanoparticles in the SiO_2 matrix with different concentrations. The strong dipolar interaction has been suggested to enhance the blocking temperature (T_B) and suppress the remanence (M_r) to saturation (M_s) magnetization ratio (M_r/M_s) for the spherical-like cobalt ferrite nanoparticles in many previous reports. However, M_r/M_s and T_B of MnFe2O4 nanoparticles reported herein mainly depend on the size and shape of the nanoparticles and their aggregates.
Formation mechanism and control methods of acicular ferrite in HSLA steels: A review

High strength low alloy (HSLA) steels have been widely used in pipelines, power plant components, civil structures and so on, due to their outstanding mechanical properties as high strength and toughness, and excellent weldability. Multi-phase microstructures containing acicular ferrite or acicular ferrite dominated phase have been proved to possess good comprehensive properties in HSLA steels. This paper mainly focuses on the formation mechanisms and control methods of acicular ferrite in HSLA steels. Effect of austenitizing conditions, continuous cooling rate, and isothermal quenching time and temperature on acicular ferrite transformation was reviewed. Furthermore, the modified process to control the formation of multi-phase microstructures containing acicular ferrite, as intercritical heat treatments, step quenching treatments and thermo-mechanical controlled processing, was summarized. The favorable combination of mechanical properties can be achieved by these modified treatments.
Novel kinetic model for the simulation analysis of the butanol productivity of Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 under different reactor configurations

Acetone–butanol–ethanol (ABE) fermentation process can be exploited for the generation of butanol as biofuel, however it does need to overcome its low volumetric solvent productivity before it can commercially compete with fossil fuel technologies. In this regard, mathematical modelling and simulation analysis are tools that can serve as the base for process engineering development of biological systems. In this work, a novel phenomenological kinetic model of Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 was considered as a benchmark system to evaluate the behaviour of an ABE fermentation under different process configurations using both free and immobilized cells: single stage batch operation, fed-batch, single stage Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) and multistage CSTRs with and without biomass recirculation. The proposed model achieved a linear correlation index r~2 = 0.9952 and r~2= 0.9710 over experimental data for free and immobilized cells respectively. The predicted maximum butanol concentration and productivity obtained were 13.08 g·L~(-1) and 1.9620 g·L~(-1)·h~(-1) respectively, which represents an increase of 1.01% and 990% versus the currently developed industrial scale process reported currently into the literature. These results provide a reliable platformfor the design and optimization of the ABE fermentation system and showcase the adequate predictive nature of the proposed model.
Rapid recovery of rare earth elements in industrial wastewater by CuFe_2O_4 synthesized from Cu sludge

This study systematically evaluates the recovery of rare earth elements (REEs) from aqueous solution and industrial wastewater using magnetic nanoparticles CuFe_2O_4. The industrially manufactured CuFe_2O_4 displays a nonlinear isotherm for REEs adsorption, suggesting limiting binding sites on the CuFe_2O_4 surface. The recovery of REEs increases significantly from 0.1% to 99.99% with increasing pH (2.29-8.15). At room temperature, the maxima recovery rates of Nd, La, and Ce are observed to be in a high capacity of 51.02, 42.02, and 40.16 mg/g, respectively. No significant attenuation of REE adsorption is observed with increasing NaCl concentration from 0.001 to 1.0 mol/L, showing high selectivity of REEs even in such high NaCl concentration matrix. In addition, desorption efficiency increases with the increasing concentration of HNO_3 in the range of 0.005-0.05 mol/L. When HNO_3 concentration is over 0.05 mol/L, the desorption efficiency can reach almost 100% in each batch experiment. Importantly, our results show that REEs can be sorbed and recycled from liquid crystal display (LCD) polishing wastewater, suggesting that CuFe_2O_4 may be a good candidate in the efficient and rapid recovery of REEs from industrial wastewater.
职业性急性正丁基锂中毒一例

根据化学品安全说明书(MSDS),正丁基锂纯品不稳定,属一级自燃物品,暴露于空气可立即自燃。2016年4月27日某化工企业工人在灌装作业时因操作不当致正丁基锂泄漏,造成左侧面部及颈部化学性灼伤。由于医疗机构诊治不及时,导致职业性急性中度化学中毒。为避免类似事故再次发生,我们将本例报告如下。
游离股前外侧皮瓣及头皮扩张术序贯治疗头皮大面积缺损并颅骨外露感染创面

目的观察游离股前外侧皮瓣及头皮扩张术序贯治疗头皮大面积缺损并颅骨外露感染的临床效果。方法自2012年6月至2017年6月,收治5例高压电烧伤致头皮大面积缺如并颅骨外露感染创面,大小6 cm×8 cm~15 cm×12 cm。首先手术给予头部创面扩创后,选用股前外侧皮瓣游离移植修复头皮缺损及颅骨外露,供瓣区给予植皮修复。2期手术行头皮扩张术修复秃发区。游离皮瓣移植术后观察皮瓣成活情况,有无感染及血管危象发生;头皮扩张修复秃发术后观察有无感染、外露发生,扩张皮瓣有无坏死;出院后6个月随诊头部创面修复情况及毛发生长情况。结果本组5例游离皮瓣完全成活,其中1例皮瓣下感染,经换药引流半个月后愈合。皮肤扩张术及扩张皮瓣移植修复秃发区手术均顺利完成,未出现扩张器感染、外露、扩张头皮坏死等并发症。出院6个月后随访患者头部修复部位毛发生长良好,分布均匀,不影响外观,未见颅骨外露。结论应用游离股前外侧皮瓣及头皮扩张术序贯治疗头皮大面积缺损并颅骨外露感染创面,既能修复创面及控制感染,又能达到治疗秃发的美容效果,是一种安全性高、临床疗效较好的治疗方法。
Numerical analysis for impacts of nozzle endclearances on aerodynamic performance and forced response in a VNT turbine

It has been well known that nozzle end-clearances in a Variable Nozzle Turbine (VNT) are unfavorable for aerodynamic performance, especially at small openings, and efforts to further decrease size of the clearances are very hard due to thermal expansion. In this paper, both the different sizes of nozzle end-clearances and the various ratios of their distribution at the hub and shroud sides were modelled and investigated by performing 3D Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Finite Element Analysis (FEA) simulations with a code of transferring the aerodynamic pressure from the CFD results to the FEA calculations. It was found that increasing the size of the nozzle end-clearances divided equally at the hub and shroud sides deteriorates turbine efficiency and turbine wheel reliability, yet increases turbine flow capacity. And, when the total nozzle endclearances remain the same, varying nozzle end-clearances’ distribution at the hub and shroud sides not only shifts operation point of a VNT turbine, but also affects the turbine wheel vibration stress. Compared with nozzle hub clearance, the shroud clearance is more sensitive to both aerodynamic performance and reliability of a VNT turbine. Consequently, a possibility is put forward to improve VNT turbine efficiency meanwhile decrease vibration stress by optimizing nozzle end-clearances’ distribution.
二维金属性TaS_2的大面积可控制备和超高电催化析氢效率

金属性过渡金属硫化物(MX_2)具有磁性1、电荷密度波2,3、超导4等新奇的物理特性,而其二维限域下的薄层结构被认为是探索这些新奇物性的模型体系.最近的研究表明,这类二维材料也可以应用于柔性透明电极5和新型的催化/储能等领域,具有非常广阔的应用前景6.获得高质量、层数可控的二维金属性MX_2材料是相关研究的关键前提.需要对其生长方法和生长过程进行设计和调控,同时选择合适的基底材料,建立起材料的微观形貌/结构、电学特性,以及实际应用之间的构效关系.现有获取薄层金属性MX_2材料的途径有两种,一是通过化学气相输运(CVT)获得体相的材料,随后利用胶带逐层剥离的方法获得其二维结构7.然而,这种方法存在获得的MX_2层厚不可控、畴区尺寸小、制备效率低,无法实现规模化制备等瓶颈问题.另一种方法是借助高端的分子束外延方法,实现MX_2层厚的精确控制,获得单层/少层的样品8.然而这种方法依赖价格高昂的仪器设备、复杂的制备过程,存在生长成本高、效率低,无法实现其规模化制备等问题.因此,大面积/大批量地获得高质量、层数可控的金属性MX_2材料是相关领域的关键科学问题.
2017/2018年度冬季水热条件特征及其对农业生产的影响

2017/2018年度冬季(2017年12月–2018年2月),全国平均气温与常年同期持平,平均降水量较常年同期偏少,平均日照时数接近常年同期。北方大部麦田墒情适宜,利于冬小麦冬前分蘖和安全越冬。南方大部地区初冬和冬季后期光热充足,利于小麦、油菜等作物生长。1月中旬东部地区遭受3次较强低温雨雪冰冻天气,2月上旬再次出现阶段低温,南方部分地区油菜、露地蔬菜、经济林果等作物遭受冻害和寒害。东北地区冬季气温持续偏低,为1981年以来第6低值,严寒天气使设施农业和畜牧业生产成本增加。华北东部冬季降水持续偏少,为2000年以来最少,麦田表层墒情持续下降,部分地区不利冬小麦返青。
国家自然科学基金支持我国基础研究的回顾与展望

1978年,邓小平同志在全国科学大会上指出:“科学技术是生产力,这是马克思主义历来的观点。正确认识科学技术是生产力,正确认识为社会主义服务的脑力劳动者是劳动人民的一部分,这对于迅速发展我们的科学事业有极其密切的关系。”① 自此,我国迎来了“科学的春天”,科技体制改革由此循序开展并不断深化。科学基金制正是我国科技体制改革的重要产物,并随之不断走向成熟。在国家创新体系中,科学基金制是重要基础和知识源泉。科学基金制实施30多年来,通过促进知识生产和培育人才,显著推动了我国基础研究的繁荣发展,有力地支撑着我国经济社会发展和国际科技竞争力的提升。当前,中国特色社会主义进入新时代,新时代的基础研究应有新气象新作为。回顾30多年来科学基金的发展及成效,探索适应新时代的中国科学基金体系,将有利于开创中国科学发展的新篇章,这是我们当前的一项重要任务。
上皮样血管内皮细胞瘤中的淋巴管内皮分化

上皮样血管内皮细胞瘤(epithelioid hemangioendothelioma,EHE)是一种少见的低-中度恶性上皮样血管内皮细胞起源肿瘤。我们收集10例具有典型形态、表达传统血管内皮细胞标志物的EHE病例,应用一系列新发现的淋巴管内皮细胞标志物研究其淋巴管内皮细胞分化,结合文献,探讨其临床病理特征,旨在提高对该肿瘤的认识。
卵巢黏液性囊腺癌合并神经内分泌癌(卵巢原发肺型小细胞癌)一例

卵巢小细胞癌的治疗原则仍然是手术为主,辅以放疗及化疗。其主要的手术方式为肿瘤细胞减灭术,但对于早期患者是否保留生育功能存在争议,I A期卵巢小细胞癌行双侧附件切除者比单侧附件切除者预后好,Reed也强调无论患者年龄和分期都不建议保留其生育功能。对于卵巢原发性小细胞癌,化疗是一项重要的辅助性治疗手段。但至今尚未对化疗方案有结论性意见。有文献报道6药联合方案(顺铂+长春新碱+环磷酰胺+平阳霉素+表柔比星+依托泊苷)在卵巢小细胞癌患者中取得了较好的疗效。Kurasaki等报道1例ⅢA期肺型卵巢小细胞癌患者术后接受6个周期紫杉醇+卡铂方案化疗后,22个月无肿瘤复发。Callegaro-Filho等报道1例I A期卵巢小细胞癌患者手术加化疗结束后20个月复发,行肿瘤细胞减灭术后单纯放疗,15年无复发。总结文献报道,术后辅以多种药物联合化疗加放疗对延长生存期至关重要,必要时可应用针对肺小细胞癌的药物强力治疗。本例术后未行化疗及放疗,状态良好,考虑是因为黏液性囊腺癌面积较小(大部分为黏液性囊腺瘤或交界性病变),而且处于早期可疑浸润阶段,小细胞癌也是局灶性,所以手术切除后没有进展。
大小两种规格鲟鱼肉质营养成分的比较分析

现存的鲟鱼有2科6属27种。目前,我国主要的养殖鲟鱼品种包括西伯利亚鲟、施氏鲟及多种杂交鲟,消费模式主要以0.5~4.0 kg的商品鱼为主。另外,6龄以上用于生产鱼子酱的雌鱼在取完鱼籽以后,鱼体(俗称鱼壳)通过分切、加工等方式上市销售。
前房内注射抗生素在预防白内障摘除手术后眼内炎中的合理应用

白内障摘除手术后急性眼内炎是严重威胁视力的并发症,是指发生在白内障摘除手术后6周内的眼内炎,通常由毒力较强的细菌引起,在我国的发生率平均约为0.06%(文献统计发病率为0.01% ~ 0.4%).由于急性眼内炎一旦发生,治疗效果往往很差,常造成患者视力严重下降,所以是白内障医师最为担心的手术并发症.大量文献证据显示,虽然眼内炎不能被彻底杜绝,但如果围手术期给予恰当的预防措施,眼内炎的发生率可以降至较低水平.
A novel method for chemistry tabulation of strained premixed/stratified flames based on principal component analysis

The principal component analysis (PCA) is used to analyze the high dimensional chemistry data of laminar premixed/stratified flames under strain effects. The first few principal components (PCs) with larger contribution ratios are chosen as the tabulated scalars to build the look-up chemistry table. Prior tests show that strained premixed flame structure can be well reconstructed. To highlight the physical meanings of the tabulated scalars in stratified flames, a modified PCA method is developed, where the mixture fraction is used to replace one of the PCs with the highest correlation coefficient. The other two tabulated scalars are then modified with the Schmidt orthogonalization. The modified tabulated scalars not only have clear physical meanings, but also contain passive scalars. The PCA method has good commonality, and can be extended for building the thermochemistry table including strain rate effects when different fuels are used.
贯彻无血手术原则,进一步提高小儿恶性肿瘤手术水平

10年前,小儿恶性肿瘤的手术切除还是一个十分困难的课题,手术切除率较低,死亡率较高。那个时期,张金哲院士专门撰文讲解小儿肿瘤外科手术技术规范(临床小儿外科杂志2008第5期),施诚仁教授也撰文呼吁进一步提高儿童恶性实体肿瘤的手术切除率(中华小儿外科杂志2009第3期)。这些工作对于组织广大小儿外科医生研讨小儿恶性肿瘤手术的原则规范和技术要点,提高小儿恶性肿瘤的切除率,起到了很大的推动作用。今天,随着小儿外科总体水平的不断提高,小儿恶性肿瘤的手术切除已经有了显著进步,大部分甚至是绝大部分肿瘤都能通过手术完全切除。然而,需要关注的是,现在的小儿肿瘤手术仍然不同程度地存在着出血多、损伤大、并发症多等问题。这就需要进一步深入研究,提高小儿肿瘤手术的总体水平,由“做得了”向“做得好”发展。这其中的一个中心环节就是研究和实行无血手术。
膜诱导技术治疗感染性骨不连、骨缺损

感染性骨不连、骨缺损是创伤骨科的严重并发症,控制感染与骨重建是骨科医生共同面临的难题。近年来膜诱导技术(inducedmembranetechnique, IMT)的临床应用,使得感染性骨不连、骨缺损在治疗上取得较大突破,主要体现在有效的感染控制和快速骨重建两方面。一些特殊部位采用膜诱导技术治疗成功的报道,如股骨大段骨缺损重建、关节周围骨缺损重建和前臂骨缺损重建,使得越来越多的临床骨科医生开始关注膜诱导技术。
NONNEGATIVITY OF SOLUTIONS OF NONLINEAR FRACTIONAL DIFFERENTIAL-ALGEBRAIC EQUATIONS

Nonlinear fractional differential-algebraic equations often arise in simulating integrated circuits with superconductors. How to obtain the nonnegative solutions of the equations is an important scientific problem. As far as we known, the nonnegativity of solutions of the nonlinear fractional differential-algebraic equations is still not studied. In this article, we investigate the nonnegativity of solutions of the equations. Firstly, we discuss the existence of nonnegative solutions of the equations, and then we show that the nonnegative solution can be approached by a monotone waveform relaxation sequence provided the initial iteration is chosen properly. The choice of initial iteration is critical and we give a method of finding it. Finally, we present an example to illustrate the efficiency of our method.
EQUI-ATTRACTION AND BACKWARD COMPACTNESS OF PULLBACK ATTRACTORS FOR POINT-DISSIPATIVE GINZBURG-LANDAU EQUATIONS

A new concept of an equi-attractor is introduced, and defined by the minimal compact set that attracts bounded sets uniformly in the past, for a non-autonomous dynam ical system. It is shown that the compact equi-attraction implies the backward compactness of a pullback attractor. Also, an eventually equi-continuous and strongly bounded process has an equi-attractor if and only if it is strongly point dissipative and strongly asymptotically compact. Those results primely strengthen the known existence result of a backward bounded pullback attractor in the literature. Finally, the theoretical criteria are applied to prove the existence of both equi-attractor and backward compact attractor for a Ginzburg-Landau equation with some varying coefficients and a backward tempered external force.
无磷水处理成套技术在惠州石化的应用研究

中海油惠州石化有限公司304单元循环水系统、石化部大循环水系统采用中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司研发的成套无磷水处理技术,实现了高浓缩倍数运行,系统腐蚀、结垢、微生物控制均远优于磷系方案;解决了磷元素排放;取得了显著的经济效益、环保效益和社会效益。
中国草地生态系统固碳现状、速率和潜力研究

中国草地面积约4亿hm~2,占国土总面积的41.7%。作为中国面积最大的陆地生态系统类型,草地不仅每年为畜牧业生产提供了3–4亿t优质饲草,而且在防风固沙、水土保持、水源涵养、生物多样性保育和生态系统碳固持等方面具有极其重要的生态功能(白永飞等,2014;沈海花等,2016)。草地是个巨大的碳库,全球草地总碳储量约为308Pg,其中约92%储存在土壤中(Schuman et al.,2002)。中国草地生态系统碳库大小为29.1Pg C(方精云等,2010),约占世界草原总碳储量的10%。中国草地主要分布在干旱-半干旱区,草地生产力对气候变化十分敏感,年际波动大(Bai et al.,2004)。已有研究表明,近30年全球陆地碳汇的变化趋势和年际变异主要来自干旱-半干旱生态系统(Poulter et al.,2014;Ahlstrӧm et al.,2015)。因此准确地评估草地生态系统碳储量及其动态变化,将有助于预测全球气候变化与草地生态系统之间的反馈调节作用。此外,由于过度放牧、不合理的开发利用和气候变化等因素的影响,我国90%的天然草地发生了不同程度的退化,其中60%以上为中度和重度退化(白永飞等,2016)。但是,退化草地恢复过程中可以固持大量的碳。为了有效治理退化草地,中国从2000年开始实施了一系列退化草地治理工程,大大提升了草地生态固碳功能(Wang et al.,2011)。目前,森林作为碳固定的主体已经被重视,但对中国最大的陆地生态系统——草地碳汇功能的重视却明显不足(张英俊等,2013;白永飞等,2014)。为了准确地评估中国草地生态系统的碳储量现状和变化,实现草地资源合理利用和生态功能的可持续发挥,中国科学院战略性先导科技专项“应对气候变化的碳收支认证及相关问题”设立了 “草地生态系统的固碳现状、速率、机制和潜力”课题。
性激素调控IL-2在系统性红斑狼疮研究中的进展

IL-2作为一种重要的免疫调控因子,参与许多疾病的病理进程,如以系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)为代表的自身免疫病。性激素可通过调控多种免疫因子影响SLE病情的发生和发展,运用性激素、低剂量白介素2 (interleutin-2, IL-2)治疗SLE的方法已经得到广泛证实。关于IL-2的研究也取得一定进展,例如,雌二醇能够下调T细胞IL-2的表达水平,但雄激素与孕激素在SLE疾病的发病过程中与IL-2之间也可能存在一定关系。近年研究发现,SLE中性激素水平影响与免疫因子相关的miRNA的表达。该文主要综述雌激素、脱氢表雄酮(dehydroepiandrosterone,DHEA)和孕激素等调控IL-2的重要作用,从IL-2角度阐明性激素影响SLE病理过程的机制,为深入开展临床研究提供参考。
Numerical simulation and optimized design of cased telescoped ammunition interior ballistic

In order to achieve the optimized design of a cased telescoped ammunition (CTA) interior ballistic design, a genetic algorithm was introduced into the optimal design of CTA interior ballistics with coupling the CTA interior ballistic model. Aiming at the interior ballistic characteristics of a CTA gun, the goal of CTA interior ballistic design is to obtain a projectile velocity as large as possible. The optimal design of CTA interior ballistic is carried out using a genetic algorithm by setting peak pressure, changing the chamber volume and gun powder charge density. A numerical simulation of interior ballistics based on a 35 mm CTA firing experimental scheme was conducted and then the genetic algorithm was used for numerical optimization. The projectile muzzle velocity of the optimized scheme is increased from 1168 m/s for the initial experimental scheme to 1182 m/s. Then four optimization schemes were obtained with several independent optimization processes. The schemes were compared with each other and the difference between these schemes is small. The peak pressure and muzzle velocity of these schemes are almost the same. The result shows that the genetic algorithm is effective in the optimal design of the CTA interior ballistics. This work will be lay the foundation for further CTA interior ballistic design.
Effect of vernalization on tuberization and flowering in the Tibetan turnip is associated with changes in the expression of FLC homologues

The turnip (Brassica rapa var. rapa) is a biennial crop that is planted in late summer/early fall and forms fleshy tubers for food in temperate regions. The harvested tubers then overwinter and are planted again the next spring for flowering and seeds. FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) is a MADS-box transcription factor that acts as a major repressor of floral transition by suppressing the flowering promoters FT and SOC1. Here we show that vernalization effectively represses tuber formation and promotes flowering in Tibetan turnip. We functionally characterized four FLC homologues (BrrFLC1, FLC2, FLC3, and FLC5), and found that BrrFLC2 and BrrFLC1 play a major role in repressing flowering in turnip and in transgenic Arabidopsis. In contrast, tuber formation was correlated with BrrFLC1 expression in the hypocotyl and was repressed under cold treatment following the quantitative downregulation of BrrFLC1. Grafting experiments of non-vernalized and vernalized turnips revealed that vernalization independently suppressed tuberization in the tuber or hypocotyl of the rootstock or scion, which occurred in parallel with the reduction in BrrFLC1 activity. Together, our results demonstrate that the Tibetan turnip is highly responsive to cold exposure, which is associated with the expression levels of BrrFLC genes.