mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Annoyance Rate Evaluation Method on Ride Comfort of Vehicle Suspension System

The existing researches of the evaluation method of ride comfort of vehicle mainly focus on the level of human feelings to vibration. The level of human feelings to vibration is influenced by many factors, however, the ride comfort according to the common principle of probability and statistics and simple binary logic is unable to reflect these uncertainties. The random fuzzy evaluation model from people subjective response to vibration is adopted in the paper, these uncertainties are analyzed from the angle of psychological physics. Discussing the traditional evaluation of ride comfort during vehicle vibration, a fuzzily random evaluation model on the basis of annoyance rate is proposed for the human body's subjective response to vibration, with relevant fuzzy membership function and probability distribution given. A half-car four degrees of freedom suspension vibration model is described, subject to irregular excitations from the road surface, with the aid of software Matlab/Simulink. A new kind of evaluation method for ride comfort of vehicles is proposed in the paper, i.e., the annoyance rate evaluation method. The genetic algorithm and neural network control theory are used to control the system. Simulation results are obtained, such as the comparison of comfort reaction to vibration environments between before and after control, relationship of annoyance rate to vibration frequency and weighted acceleration, based on ISO 2631/1(1982), ISO 2631-1(1997) and annoyance rate evaluation method, respectively. Simulated assessment results indicate that the proposed active suspension systems prove to be effective in the vibration isolation of the suspension system, and the subjective response of human being can be promoted from very uncomfortable to a little uncomfortable. Furthermore, the novel evaluation method based on annoyance rate can further estimate quantitatively the number of passengers who feel discomfort due to vibration. A new analysis method of vehicle comfort is presented.
Position Control Optimization of Aerodynamic Brake Device for High-speed Trains

The aerodynamic braking is a clean and non-adhesion braking, and can be used to provide extra braking force during high-speed emergency braking. The research of aerodynamic braking has attracted more and more attentions in recent years. However, most researchers in this field focus on aerodynamic effects and seldom on issues of position control of the aerodynamic braking board. The purpose of this paper is to explore position control optimization of the braking board in an aerodynamic braking prototype. The mathematical models of the hydraulic drive unit in the aerodynamic braking system are analyzed in detail, and the simulation models are established. Three control functions--constant, linear, and quadratic--are explored. Two kinds of criteria, including the position steady-state error and the acceleration of the piston rod, are used to evaluate system performance. Simulation results show that the position steady state-error is reduced from around 12-2 mm by applying a linear instead of a constant function, while the acceleration is reduced from 25.71-3.70 m/s~2 with a quadratic control function. Use of the quadratic control function is shown to improve system performance. Experimental results obtained by measuring the position response of the piston rod on a test-bench also suggest a reduced position error and smooth movement of the piston rod. This implies that the acceleration is smaller when using the quadratic function, thus verifying the effectiveness of control schemes to improve to system performance. This paper proposes an effective and easily implemented control scheme that improves the position response of hydraulic cylinders during position control.
Interactive Training Model of TRIZ for Mechanical Engineers in China

Innovation is a process of taking an original idea and converting it into a business value, in which the engineers face some inventive problems which can be solved hardly by experience. TRIZ, as a new theory for companies in China, provides both conceptual and procedural knowledge for finding and solving inventive problems. Because the government plays a leading role in the diffusion of TRIZ, too many companies from different industries are waiting to be trained, but the quantity of the trainers mastering TRIZ is incompatible with that requirement. In this context, to improve the training effect, an interactive training model of TRIZ for the mechanical engineers in China is developed and the implementation in the form of training classes is carried out. The training process is divided into 6 phases as follows: selecting engineers, training stage-1, finding problems, training stage-2, finding solutions and summing up. The government, TRIZ institutions and companies to join the programs interact during the process. The government initiates and monitors a project in form of a training class of TRIZ and selects companies to join the programs. Each selected companies choose a few engineers to join the class and supervises the training result. The TRIZ institutions design the training courses and carry out training curriculum. With the beginning of the class, an effective communication channel is established by means of interview, discussion face to face, E-mail, QQ and so on. After two years training practices, the results show that innovative abilities of the engineers to join and pass the final examinations increased distinctly, and most of companies joined the training class have taken congnizance of the power of TRIZ for product innovation. This research proposes an interactive training model of TRIZ for mechanical engineers in China to expedite the knowledge diffusion of TRIZ.
26份棉花耐盐相关种质资源遗传多样性SRAP分析

土壤盐渍化是影响农业生产的主要胁迫因子。中国的盐渍土近1×10~8 hm~2,且盐渍化和次生盐渍化不断扩大,盐渍化土壤结构极差,作物难以正常生长,严重影响了作物的产量和品质。因此合理开发利用盐碱地是一项迫在眉睫的任务。棉花是中国重要的经济作物, 在国民经济中占有举足轻重的地位 。在粮棉争地矛盾日益突显的情况下,棉花以其较好的耐盐性,逐渐成为盐碱地一种新的优势作物。目前,中国是世界上盐碱地植棉规模最大的国家。据不完全统计,中国植棉区内盐碱地约有1. 7×10~8 hm~2,其中2. 7×10~6hm~2先后开发植棉。因此,选育耐盐棉花品种是目前解决盐碱地利用的一种有效手段。但是由于棉花的耐盐性十分复杂, 耐盐机理尚不是很清楚, 这给棉花耐盐育种带来很大困难, 目前尚缺乏可以在盐碱地大面积推广应用的耐盐品种。因此开展棉花品种的耐盐鉴定并对耐盐种质资源进行遗传多样性分析,拓宽遗传基础,筛选耐盐新基因,对于开发利用盐渍化土壤,扩大棉花种植面积,提高单位产量,具有十分重要的理论价值和实际意义。
Catheter-based renal denervation: treating hypertension or beyond?

The sympathetic nervous system regulates cardiac output, blood pressure (BP) and volume, electrolyte balance, and the composition of body fluids. The afferent nervous signals to the brain are regulated by mechano-sensitive baroreceptors, volume sensors and chemoreceptors located in the vessels and in plenty other organs, particularly in the heart, the kidneys, the lung, the brain and the muscles. Sympathetic nervous system outflow is coordinated by the nucleus tractus solitarius, located in the midbrain. Efferent sympathetic signals regulate BP and cardiac output through β-adrenergic receptors, and regulate vasoconstriction through α-adrenergic receptors. In the kidneys, sodium and water retention is stimulated by activation of α-adrenergic receptors in the proximal tubules. Catheter-based renal denervation (RDN) offers a new approach to selectively interrupt these fibers, thereby reducing central sympathetic activity and office blood pressure.
Management of glycemia in diabetic patients with diabetic kidney disease

Diabetes has emerged as a worldwide epidemic chronic disease with rapidly increasing prevalence. In 2011, the global prevalence of diabetes among adults was 6.4%, affecting 366 million adults and will rise to 552 million adults by 2030. According to the latest epidemiological data in a nationally representative sample of 98 658 Chinese adults in 2010, the prevalence of total diabetes has already reached 11.6%, affecting 113.9 million Chinese adults.
Comparison of two and three dimensional quantitative coronary angiography to intravascular ultrasound in the assessment of left main coronary artery bifurcation lesions

Background Angiographic evaluation of left main coronary artery (LMCA) bifurcation lesions is often limited. two dimensional (2D) quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) with segmental analysis provides accuracy for quantification of the degree of stenosis in the main vessel and side branch ostium but can be affected by foreshortening and variable magnification. The accuracy of three dimensional (3D) QCA has recently developed to overcome 2D QCA limitations, however, accuracy and precision of 3D bifurcation QCA measurements in LMCA bifurcation lesions has not been established. Methods We investigated whether such 3D and 2D bifurcation QCA measurements differ in their accuracy in assessing significant LMCA bifurcation lesions defined by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) as a minimum luminal area (MLA) <6 mm2 of LMCA and MLA <4 mm~2 of proximal left anterior descending (LAD) and/or proximal left circumflex (LCX) Results LMCA bifurcation lesions were assessed in 44 patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention. From 2D QCA measurements, MLA correlated moderately with threshold intravascular ultrasound MLA for LMCA (r=0.81, P <0.000 1), LAD (r=0.54, P=0.000 1) and LCX (r=0.58, P <0.000 1). Severity of lesion as MLA by derived 3D QCA, correlated moderately with threshold intravascular ultrasound MLA for LMCA (r=0.84, P <0.000 1), LAD (r=0.53, P=0.000 2); LCX (r=0.66, P <0.000 1). Overall, the C statistics tended to be slightly higher for 3D QCA and 2D QCA measurements in LMCA segment compared with proximal LAD and LCX segments, and there were no significant predictive power of percent diameter stenosis and percent area stenosis on 3D QCA for LCX IVUS MLA <4 mm2 (percent diameter stenosis: area under curve 0.55, cutoff 23%, sensitivity 88%, specificity 37%, P=0.618 6; percent arer stenosis: area under curve 0.56, cutoff 41%, sensitivity 83%, specificity 38%, P=0.518 4, respectively). Conclusions The accuracy of 3D bifurcation QCA in detecting significant LMCA bifurcation lesions is limited, especially the proximal LCX ostium. When IVUS is not available or contraindicated, 3D QCA may assist in the evaluation of intermediate LMCA lesions with MLA.
黄芪汤联合康复训练对脑卒中偏瘫患者下肢骨骼肌含量及肌力的影响

脑卒中等脑血管疾病患者发病后常伴有偏瘫等肢体功能障碍,患肢由于缺乏运动常导致肢体肌肉萎缩、肌力下降,而肌肉萎缩、肌力下降无疑会进一步减弱偏瘫侧肢体各项生理机能,对患者功能恢复及日常生活活动(activities of daily living,ADL)能力均造成不利影响,故如何提高脑卒中偏瘫患者肢体功能具有重要的临床意义。目前有大量研究表明,通过对脑血管意外患者进行康复训练,能够有效预防偏瘫侧肌肉萎缩及肌力下降,对改善患肢功能具有重要作用。本研究在康复训练治疗脑卒中偏瘫患者基础上辅以口服黄芪汤中药干预,发现患者经12周联合治疗后,其偏瘫侧肢体骨骼肌含量及肌力均较治疗前及对照组明显改善,临床疗效满意。
小麦全膜覆土穴播技术存在的问题与对策

概述了甘肃省小麦全膜覆土穴播技术的形成背景,分析了全膜覆土穴播小麦生产中存在的主要问题,即倒伏、机械化覆膜播种技术及中后期脱肥等。提出选择优良品种、规范农业机械标准、提高播种质量、优化施肥及适期播种等具体对策。
维生素矿物质补充剂在保持孕期妇女和胎儿健康中的应用:专家共识

妊娠期是女性生命中的一个特殊生理时期.妊娠所导致的机体新陈代谢的变化使得机体对营养素的需求增加.妊娠期良好的营养状态不仅是保证母体正常生理功能、维持自身健康的需要,也是胎儿正常发育、孕妇顺利分娩及产后乳汁分泌必不可少的保障.现有的临床证据已经初步显示,某些维生素或矿物质在维护妊娠期妇女的健康方面发挥非常重要的作用,缺乏这些维生素或矿物质可能导致孕妇各种妊娠综合征患病危险的增加,引发流产、死产、畸胎、新生儿死亡、早产、低出生体质量以及产后大出血等,同时孕妇营养与胎儿的大脑发育和智力发展之间都存在密切的关系.目前,有关成年期的许多慢性疾病(如高血压、冠心病、2型糖尿病等)都可能由宫内期营养状况起源的观点也逐渐被科学界所接受.
Effect of Mg and Fe Doping on Optical Absorption of LiNbO_3 Crystal through First Principles Calculations

Using first principles calculations, we investigate the structural, optical, and electronic properties of LiNbO_3 (LN) and M doped LN (M=Mg, Fe). The density of states are calculated to analyze the effect of doping Mg and Fe ions on the absorption spectra and electronic properties of LN. The results show an ultraviolet shift in the optical absorption edge of Mg-doped LN compared with that of intrinsic LN. On the contrary, the absorption edge of Fe-doped LN crystal reveals a red shift. The optical absorption spectra show an improved optical response in the visible range for Mg-doped LN, which significantly differs from that obtained for Fe-doped LN. The electronic excitations from the valence band to the conduction band of LN leads to an improved optical absorption response in the visible region as observed experimentally. The obvious changes of the doped LN crystal are found in some cases, which provide a helpful guide for preparing doped LN crystal.
Coating Qualities Evaluation for Alkali-Metal Atomic Vapor Cells Based on Frustrated Total Internal Reflection

To realize accurate measurement of coating thickness and surface reliefs for alkali-metal vapor cells, a measurement method based on frustrated total internal reflection (FTIR) is proposed. Firstly, the phenomenon of frustrated total internal reflection and the theory of coating thickness measurement based on FTIR are introduced. Then a coating thickness measuring system based on FTIR is established and the coating thickness measuring experiment is carried out. Next, surface reliefs are obtained by analyzing distributions of the data of coating thickness. The experimental results indicate that the FTIR method can measure coating thickness exactly with an accuracy better than 2 nm, which can satisfy the evaluation of coating qualities for alkali-metal vapor cells.
Seasonal variations of air-sea heat fluxes and sea surface temperature in the northwestern Pacific marginal seas

Using a net surface heat flux (Q_(net)) product obtained from the objectively analyzed air-sea fluxes (OAFlux) project and the international satellite cloud climatology project (ISCCP), and temperature from the simple ocean data assimilation (SODA), the seasonal variations of the air-sea heat fluxes in the northwestern Pa-cific marginal seas (NPMS) and their roles in sea surface temperature (SST) seasonality are studied. The seasonal variations of Q_(net), which is generally determined by the seasonal cycle of latent heat flux (LH), are in response to the advection-induced changes of SST over the Kuroshio and its extension. Two dynamic regimes are identified in the NPMS:one is the area along the Kuroshio and its extension, and the other is the area outside the Kuroshio. The oceanic thermal advection dominates the variations of SST and hence the sea-air humidity plays a primary role and explains the maximum heat losing along the Kuroshio. The heat transported by the Kuroshio leads to a longer period of heat losing over the Kuroshio and its Extension. Positive anomaly of heat content corresponds with the maximum heat loss along the Kuroshio. The oceanic advection controls the variations of heat content and hence the surface heat flux. This study will help us understand the mechanism controlling variations of the coupled ocean-atmosphere system in the NPMS. In the Kuroshio region, the ocean current controls the ocean temperature along the main stream of the Ku-roshio, and at the same time, forces the air-sea fluxes.
The structural characteristics of precipitation in Asian-Pacific’s three monsoon regions measured by tropical rainfall measurement mission

The three-dimensional structure of precipitation on a seasonal scale in the Asian-Pacific’s three monsoon regions is investigated based on the tropical rainfall measurement mission (TRMM) data. The results show that:(1) The maximum seasonal variation of the relative proportional difference of convective precipitation and stratiform rain occurs in the East Asian monsoon region, the second occurs in the Indian monsoon region, and the minimum is in the northwest Pacific monsoon region. In both the northwest Pacific mon-soon region and the Indian monsoon region, the convective rain is proportionately larger than stratiform rain in all four seasons. (2) Cloud ice reaches its maximum at around 9 km. Cloud water’s maximum range is between 3 and 4 km. The large value area of precipitation ice is mainly between 4 and 9 km. The precipi-tation water particle is concentrated mostly below 4 km. The largest content is from the ground to 2 km. (3) The most remarkable variance of the content of cloud ice in the Indian monsoon region occurs from spring to winter, and the content of cloud water in the northwest Pacific is always higher than that in the other two regions. (4) The latent heat profile has a similar double-peak structure. The first peak is at 4 km and the second peak is at 2 km. In autumn and winter, the latent heat is higher in the northwest Pacific than in other two regions. In all three regions, the release of the latent heat is higher in summer and autumn than in spring and winter.
网络延续护理在宫颈癌放化疗患者中的应用

目的探讨对宫颈癌放化疗患者实施网络延续性护理的效果。方法科室建立QQ群2个,邀请患者加入QQ群,延续护理小组成员将宫颈癌预防、筛查及治疗的相关知识,出院后注意事项及常见并发症的处理方法发布在QQ群中,每天各安排一名医生、护士于19:00~21:00在线上答疑,预约入院时间等。结果实施前宫颈癌放化疗患者对医生的总体满意率为89.0%,对护士的总体满意率为90.0%,实施后分别提升至99.0%及98.0%。实施后患者放射性肠炎及放射性膀胱炎发生率显著低于实施前(均P<0.05)。结论对宫颈癌放化疗治疗患者采用网络开展延续性护理有效提升患者对医护人员的满意度,并降低放疗不良反应发生率。
卵巢过度刺激综合征病情量化评估表的设计与应用

选取卵巢过度刺激综合征患者常用病情指标设计成量化评估表,将其中的体质量、腹围及左、右卵巢直径4个指标,根据病情波动,量化绘制形成趋势图,同时在表格底部设有24 h出入量、尿量、胸水、腹水、血清蛋白浓度、血清雌二醇(E_2)浓度填写栏。此评估表可直观反映患者的病情变化趋势,节省查阅各种记录单的时间。
腋动脉变异一例

本例中肩胛上动脉低位分支于腋动脉;肱深动脉、旋肱前后动脉、肩胛下动脉共干,此种共干的出现率为12. 66%,该动脉干在起始处被正中神经前后根所夹持,且旋肱前动脉发于肱深动脉,除此之外还合并有2支胸外侧动脉,未见记载。
日本康复相关专业本硕博培养现状与启示

日本的康复事业自高木宪次于1923年创办“日本肢体不自由儿福利协会”开始,历经20世纪60年代后的迅速发展,目前已成为亚洲乃至世界上为数不多的康复领域比较发达的国家。笔者通过对日本京都大学(国立)、首都大学(公立)和国际医疗福祉大学(私立)三所性质不同,具有代表性的大学的康复相关专业本硕博教育的资料进行分析整理研究总结,借以作为国内康复治疗专业教育发展的参考范本,以期为国内本专业高等教育的发展和改革给出一种参考。
原油对荒漠土微生物活性的影响

石油进入土壤后改变了土壤质地,使原有土壤微生物群落、区系和土壤酶活性受到了不同程度的影响.目前,对干旱区原油污染和土壤微生物之间的关系,研究工作涉及较少.本文选取干旱胁迫环境中的荒漠土为研究对象,研究了原油对荒漠土中微生物活性的影响.研究结果对于评价干旱区石油污染对土壤生态环境的影响,揭示荒漠土土壤微生物对石油污染物的响应规律具有重要意义.
微波消解-原子吸收法测定固体废弃物粉煤灰中的铜、钼、镍和铍含量

粉煤灰是燃煤电厂以及煤矸石、煤泥资源综合利用电厂锅炉烟气经除尘器收集后获得的细小飞灰和炉底渣.粉煤灰是悬浮颗粒物的主要来源,也是会对地表水和地下水造成污染的有害元素的来源之一.
黄石城区夏季大气PM_(10) / PM_(2. 5)中元素特征分析

随着对大气颗粒物研究的深入,人们认识到颗粒物对人体健康具有很大危害,颗粒物粒径越小,对人体健康危害越大.黄石市是长江中下游典型的资源性工矿城市,大气污染比较严重.本研究旨在通过对黄石大气颗粒物以及颗粒物中化学元素污染特征的分析,为黄石市大气污染治理及探讨颗粒物对人体健康的影响提供一定的依据.
青藏日喀则大气颗粒物水溶性无机离子粒径分布特征初探

大气颗粒物在环境效应、气候变化和人群健康方面起到的重要作用,很大程度上是由其中的大气颗粒物粒径及其化学成分决定的.水溶性无机离子及其中的硝酸盐、硫酸盐、铵盐二次粒子是大气颗粒物尤其是细粒子的主要组成成分.研究水溶性无机离子组成与粒径分布对于了解大气颗粒物的物理化学性质、来源及形成机理具有重要的意义.
计算机辅助检测系统在低剂量CT筛查者非钙化肺结节中的应用研究

低剂量CT(low-dose CT,LDCT)肺癌筛查研究需要在薄层CT图像上进行观察,以最大限度提高肺结节的检出率和显示肺结节的细节。但由于薄层CT数倍于常规层厚CT的图像数量显著增加了影像医师的工作负担,容易产生视觉疲劳,反而降低了工作效率和诊断准确性。计算机辅助检测(computer-aided detection,CAD)系统肺结节自动识别软件可以作为影像医师的“第二双眼睛”,有助于提高肺结节检出的敏感度。笔者对CAD系统检出LDCT筛查者非钙化肺结节的能力和应用价值进行评价。
经皮椎体成形术操作技术专家共识

椎体转移性肿瘤、椎体血管瘤及椎体骨髓瘤等多引起局部骨质破坏,造成患者出现不同程度的局部疼痛和神经功能缺失,严重影响患者生活质量及生存期。老年性骨质疏松症是引起胸腰背痛的一个主要原因,患者易发生骨折,椎体为其最易发生骨折的部位。传统的治疗手段是卧床休息3 ~6个月、口服止痛药和钙剂等保守治疗方法,部分患者疼痛症状可得到缓解,但长期卧床又可导致骨质疏松程度加重及褥疮等并发症出现。
乳腺癌根治术后皮肤填充物在放疗中的应用

对胸壁做预防性照射后可使胸壁复发率明显降低,生存率显著提高。胸壁照射应用填充物在剂量学具有提高皮肤表面剂量优势,但目前仅有少数研究显示实际胸壁复发率未见降低,生存率无提高,并且加用填充物可能导致急性皮肤反应加重,治疗中断率增加,进而胸壁复发率增高。总之,目前对采用皮肤填充物的时间、厚度、部位研究较少,并多为回顾性研究,病例数少,对使用时间、厚度、部位缺乏横向分组分析,需要进行多中心大样本前瞻性随机分组研究以提供更为可靠的数据,从而为填充物的使用提供指导。
提高临床研究方案设计水平是改善临床研究总体水平的基石

[编者按]如何提高临床研究质量一直是广大临床医务工作者、医疗卫生服务的使用者、医学期刊编辑以及卫生决策者关注的问题。临床研究从开始到完成大致可以分为设计、实行、报告和评价4个阶段。由世界卫生组织领导建立的全球临床试验注册制度的制订及实施,以及以《随机对照试验报告统一规范》(Consolidated Standards for Reporting Trials, CONSORT)为代表的临床试验报告规范的推行是提高临床研究质量的有力措施之一。特别是其中临床研究的报告规范,2001年David Moher 等[1]发表了 CONSORT,其后进行了修订[2]及扩展[3,4]。除了临床研究报告外,临床研究是否具有高质量,研究的设计是关键因素。而临床研究方案则是临床研究设计的基础。“规范临床研究方案内容”(Standard Protocol Items:Recommendations for Interventional Trials) 2013 (简称SPIRIT 2013声明),是由加拿大多伦多大学陈安文博士领导的由115位临床研究相关专家组成的SPIRIT工作小组,自2007年开始,通过多次会议和调研,经过反复修改,就临床研究设计的基本条目内容反复讨论后形成的一份声明,说明了临床研究方案报告条目的内容和要求[5],旨在提高临床研究设计的质量。
胎儿部分体壁先天性发育异常超声表现1例

讨论先天性皮肤发育不全是以局灶性皮肤缺失为特征的罕见畸形；由胚胎中胚层发育障碍所致；该病也可能并发皮下肌层和骨骼的发育缺陷。至今病因不明，可能与遗传、感染等相关。有学者认为双胎之一的纸样儿也可能是导致健康胎儿出现皮肤缺损的原因之一。
婴幼儿胆管自发穿孔超声诊断价值

婴幼儿胆管自发性穿孔（spontaneous bile duct perforation in infancy)临床上少见，可表现为不明原因哭闹、进行性腹胀、腹痛，常伴有呕吐或发热，其病理基础为胆道穿孔引起的胆汁性腹水。因患儿年龄小，临床表现无明显特异性，常贻误诊断和治疗。本文将经手术证实的8例婴幼儿胆管自发性穿孔的临床及影像资料进行回顾性分析，探讨超声检查对婴幼儿胆管自发性穿孔的诊断价值。
无托槽隐形矫治器联合开窗助萌矫治安氏I类错牙合畸形一例

1.病例资料:患者,女性,24岁,主诉前牙不美观且有缝隙。患者全身健康,面部对称,上下唇可自然闭合,侧面观为直面型。口内ⅢI滞留,2+3牙轴远中倾斜,1+3散在间隙。21稍舌向错位,4|明显舌向错位。双侧磨牙中性关系,左侧尖牙近中关系,前牙覆牙合覆盖正常(图1 ~3)。牙周状况良好,开口度及开口型无异常,双侧颞下颌关节无明显弹响和压痛。曲面体层X线片示:Ⅲ|滞留,3近中倾斜阻生,牙尖位于21根中1/3之间(图4)。头影测量示患者为骨性I类畸形,下颌角均角。上下切牙唇倾度正常。软组织上唇突度欠佳,下唇突度正常。
颅颌面坚强内固定(八)髁突骨折的手术治疗及内镜辅助技术

髁突骨折占下颌骨骨折的20%?50%。20世纪初,由于颌面部手术有着较高的危及生命的风险,髁突骨折的治疗一直以非手术治疗为主。二次世界大战后,髁突骨折的治疗从绝对的保守治疗向外科手术发展。至今,由于没有或在未来相当长的一段时间内很难取得符合循证医学的前瞻性研究,髁突骨折治疗方式的争论仍将持续下去。大量临床治疗总结常忽略髁突骨折后咀嚼系统强大的适应性改变对治疗结果的影响,由此产生的大量“错误结论”仍将长期影响下颌骨髁突骨折的治疗。不可忽视的是一部分髁突骨折在非手术治疗后继发咬合紊乱、开牙合、下颌运动受限、关节疼痛、关节强直、颜面偏斜等并发症。随着髁突骨折分类研究的进展、各种小型接骨板的出现、坚强内固定技术的成熟应用,手术效果显著提高.比较手术与非手术治疗下颌骨髁突骨折的文献更倾向于手术复位及坚强内固定术。
Creative Industries Agglomeration, Regional Innovation and Productivity Growth in China

This paper falls into the broad area of economic geography and economics of creativity, and it presents an alternative approach to explain why total factor productivity (TFP) growth is different across China′s regions. It establishes an empirical model to estimate the spatial agglomeration effects of creative industries on regional TFP growth, using China′s provincial panel data during the period of 2003 to 2010. We found that the creative industries agglomeration (CIA) has significant and positive impact on regional TFP growth. The result also implies that the CIA can facilitate regional TFP growth through promoting regional innovation instead of improving regional efficiency. Therefore, we argue that policy makers should take some measures to retain and establish more creative zones.
Multiple Cropping Intensity in China Derived from Agro-meteorological Observations and MODIS Data

Double-and triple-cropping in a year have played a very important role in meeting the rising need for food in China. However, the intensified agricultural practices have significantly altered biogeochemical cycles and soil quality. Understanding and mapping cropping intensity in China′s agricultural systems are therefore necessary to better estimate carbon, nitrogen and water fluxes within agro-ecosystems on the national scale. In this study, we investigated the spatial pattern of crop calendar and multiple cropping rotations in China using phenological records from 394 agro-meteorological stations (AMSs) across China. The results from the analysis of in situ field observations were used to develop a new algorithm that identifies the spatial distribution of multiple cropping in China from moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) time series data with a 500 m spatial resolution and an 8-day temporal resolution. According to the MODIS-derived multiple cropping distribution in 2002, the proportion of cropland cultivated with multiple crops reached 34% in China. Double-cropping accounted for approximately 94.6% and triple-cropping for 5.4%. The results demonstrat that MODIS EVI (Enhanced Vegetation Index) time series data have the capability and potential to delineate the dynamics of double-and triple-cropping practices. The resultant multiple cropping map could be used to evaluate the impacts of agricultural intensification on biogeochemical cycles.
健康教育对高龄老年高血压合并体位性低血压患者的作用

目的观察健康教育对高龄老年高血压患者中合并体位性低血压的患病率及知晓率的影响。方法对330例80岁以上的高血压患者进行一般情况调查及立卧位血压的测量,统计体位性低血压的患病率及知晓率等,比较在该类人群进行健康教育前后体位性低血压的知晓率差异。结果330例高龄老年高血压患者中合并体位性低血压112例(33.9%),对人群进行有关的体位性低血压的健康教育后,体位性低血压患者的知晓率有明显的提高(10% vs 100%) 。结论对高血压合并体位性低血压患者进行早期健康宣教有助于提高人群知晓率。
Spatial Heterogeneity of Soil Mineral Oxide Components in Depression Between Karst Hills, Southwest China

In karst regions, the spatial heterogeneity of soil mineral oxides and environmental variables is still not clear. We investigated the spatial heterogeneity of SiO_2, Al_2O_3, Fe_2O_3, CaO, MgO, P_2O_5, K_2O, and MnO contents in the soils of slope land, plantation forest, secondary forest, and primary forest, as well as their relationships with environmental variables in a karst region of Southwest China. Geostatistics, principal component analysis (PCA), and canonical correlation analysis (CCA) were applied to analyze the field data. The results show that SiO_2 was the predominant mineral in the soils (45.02%–67.33%), followed by Al_2O_3 and Fe_2O_3. Most soil mineral oxide components had a strong spatial dependence, except for CaO, MgO, and P_2O_5 in the plantation forest, MgO and P_2O_5 in the secondary forest, and CaO in the slope land. Dimensionality reduction in PCA was not appropriate due to the strong spatial heterogeneity in the ecosystems. Soil mineral oxide components, the main factors in all ecosystems, had greater influences on vegetation than those of conventional soil properties. There were close relationships between soil mineral oxide components and vegetation, topography, and conventional soil properties. Mineral oxide components affected species diversity, organic matter and nitrogen levels.