mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Facile preparation of core-shell Si@Li_4Ti_5O_(12) nanocomposite as large-capacity lithium-ion battery anode

As a promising alternative anode material, silicon (Si) presents a larger capacity than the commercial anode to achieve large capacity lithium-ion batteries. However, the application of pure Si as anode is hampered by limitations such as volume expansion, low conductivity and unstable solid electrolyte interphase. To break through these limitations, the core-shell Si@Li_4Ti_5O_(12) nanocomposite, which was prepared via in-situ self-assembly reaction and decompressive boiling fast concentration method, was proposed in this work. This anode combines the advantages of nano-sized Si particle and pure Li_4Ti_5O_(12) (LTO) coating layer, improving the performance of the lithium-ion batteries. The Si@Li_4Ti_5O_(12) anode displays a high initial discharge/charge specific capacity of 1756/1383mAhg~(-1) at 500mA g~(-1) (representing high initial coulombic efficiency of 78.8%), a large rate capability (specific capacity of 620mAhg~(-1) at 4000mAg~(-1)), an outstanding cycling stability (reversible specific capacity of 883mAhg~(-1) after 150 cycles) and a low volume expansion rate (only 3.3% after 150 cycles). Moreover, the synthesis process shows the merits of efficiency, simplicity, and economy, providing a reliable method to fabricate large capacity Si@Li_4Ti_5O_(12) nanocomposite anode materials for practical lithium-ion batteries.
Tetra-alkylsulfonate functionalized poly(aryl ether) membranes with nanosized hydrophilic channels for efficient proton conduction

The microstructure of polymer electrolyte membranes plays a key role in ion conductivity and water transport. Herein, fluorinated poly(aryl ether)s with tetra-alkylsulfonate side chains (SFPAEs) have been successfully synthesized from the copolymerization of a newly developed tetra-allyl-containing bisphenol (TABP) monomer, followed by the thiol-ene addition with sodium 3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonate to attach the ionic groups at the end of the flexible chains. Being the first of its kind, the densely distributed and lengthy alkylsulfonate group possesses the benefit of ease to self-assemble into hydrophilic domains during membrane preparation via solution casting. Indeed, the TEM characterizations revealed that distinct hydrophilic channels of ~1-2 nm width had been formed, much larger than those of a home-made control sample where only di-alkylsulfonate side chains were attached. The SFPAE-4-45 with an IEC_w of 2.0mmol g~(-1) exhibited an enhanced proton conductivity of 143.7 mS cm~(-1) at room temperature, which was superior to that of Nafion 212 (91.0 mS cm~(-1)). Furthermore, the oxidative stabilities of SFPAEs were significantly higher than those of non-fluorinated analogs in literature. This study offered a new route to engineering the pendent structure of ionomers for well-defined microscopic morphologies.
Integral Barrier Lyapunov function-based adaptive control for switched nonlinear systems

This paper presents an adaptive control method for a class of uncertain strict-feedback switched nonlinear systems.First, we consider the constraint characteristics in the switched nonlinear systems to ensure that all states in switched systems do not violate the constraint ranges.Second, we design the controller based on the backstepping technique, while integral Barrier Lyapunov functions(iBLFs)are adopted to solve the full state constraint problems in each step in order to realize the direct constraints on state variables.Furthermore, we introduce the Lyapunov stability theory to demonstrate that the adaptive controller achieves the desired control goals.Finally, we perform a numerical simulation, which further verifies the significance and feasibility of the presented control scheme.
Physical layer security for massive access in cellular Internet of Things

The upcoming fifth generation(5G) cellular network is required to provide seamless access for a massive number of Internet of Things(IoT) devices over the limited radio spectrum. In the context of massive spectrum sharing among heterogeneous IoT devices, wireless security becomes a critical issue owing to the broadcast nature of wireless channels. According to the characteristics of the cellular IoT network, physical layer security(PHY-security) is a feasible and effective way of realizing secure massive access. This article reviews the security issues in the cellular IoT network with an emphasis on revealing the corresponding challenges and opportunities for the design of secure massive access. Furthermore, we provide a survey on PHY-security techniques to improve the secrecy performance. Especially, we propose a secure massive access framework for the cellular IoT network by exploiting the inherent co-channel interferences. Finally, we discuss several potential research directions to further enhance the security of massive IoT.
游离桡动脉掌浅支腕横纹皮瓣亚急诊修复手指皮肤缺损25例

目的探讨应用桡动脉掌浅支腕横纹皮瓣亚急诊修复手指皮肤软组织缺损的临床效果。方法自2014年8月至2017年3月,采用游离桡动脉掌浅支腕横纹皮瓣修复手指复合组织缺损患者25例27个皮瓣,男22例,女3例;年龄16~48岁,平均34.3岁。末节指腹缺损18例,近中节指掌侧皮肤软组织缺损4例,末节远指间关节背侧皮肤缺损3例,其中合并伸肌腱止点缺损3例,合并指固有神经缺损4例。清创后皮肤缺损面积1.4cm×2.5cm~1.8cm×3.2cm,指动脉缺损长度1.5~3.4cm,指神经缺损长度0.6~3.0cm,伸肌腱缺损长度1.2~2.0 cm,入院后行彩色超声多普勒检查了解桡动脉浅支走行情况和从桡动脉的起点,入院3~5 d后行游离桡动脉掌浅支腕横纹皮瓣修复。术后随访观察被修复指的外形、皮瓣挛缩情况,两点分辨觉,以及腕部供区的瘢痕,观察腕部、手指的活动情况。结果术后24例皮瓣顺利存活,供区愈合良好;有1例术后第二天出现动脉危象,经过探查再次吻合血管后好转。有1例术前超声发现血管变异,桡动脉在桡骨茎突近端6 cm发出,术中向近端分离高位切取。术后随访7~12个月,平均8个月,皮瓣颜色及质地与周围皮肤接近,供区瘢痕不明显,腕部屈伸活动正常。皮瓣的两点分辨觉平均为7.3mm(6.2~9.3mm),缝合神经组平均7.4 mm,未缝合神经组平均7.1 mm,皮瓣感觉差异无统计学意义。按中华医学会手外科学会拇、手指再造功能评定试用标准评定:优17例,良5例,中3例。结论桡动脉掌浅支存在血管变异,术前超声及时发现后,亚急诊行腕横纹皮瓣修复手指软组织缺损仍然安全可行。
Real-time quality control of data from Sea-Wing underwater glider installed with Glider Payload CTD sensor

Profiles observed by Sea-Wing underwater gliders are widely applied in scientific research.However, the quality control(QC)of these data has received little attention.The mismatch between the temperature probe and conductivity cell response times generates erroneous salinities, especially across a strong thermocline.A sensor drift may occur owing to biofouling and biocide leakage into the conductivity cell when a glider has operated for several months.It is therefore critical to design a mature real-time QC procedure and develop a toolbox for the QC of Sea-Wing glider data.On the basis of temperature and salinity profiles observed by several Sea-Wing gliders each installed with a Sea-Bird Glider Payload CTD sensor, a real-time QC method including a thermal lag correction, Argo-equivalent real-time QC tests, and a simple post-processing procedure is proposed.The method can also be adopted for Petrel gliders.
全球变化下的海藻学术和应用新趋势

第23届国际海藻学术讨论会于2019年4月28日~5月3日在韩国济州召开,讨论会主题为“海藻:从传统到创新”.国际海藻学术讨论会是国际上最有影响力的藻类学论坛.本次会议有41个国家的500多名海藻科研工作者参加.本次大会共提交了608个摘要,其中349个口头报告、259个展报. 5个大会报告内容涉及生物多样性及分布、海藻工业应用、海藻栽培及育种以及分子生态等方向.小型研讨会共22场,其中海藻分类及多样性会场1个、海藻栽培及病害会场6个、海藻活性物质研究及应用(包括微藻)会场8个、气候变化与海藻会场7个.会议认为,海藻学的研究与应用已经在全球变化背景下,从传统分类和生物多样性研究、人工栽培、海藻工业应用,全面走向了“生物固碳、藻潮防控、高值产品和生态养殖”等系统创新.下面将分别介绍,以吸收国际先进经验,创新我国的海藻学研究和海藻产业.
Prioritizing natural-selection signals from the deep-sequencing genomic data suggests multi-variant adaptation in Tibetan highlanders

Human genetic adaptation to high altitudes (>2500 m) has been extensively studied over the last few years, but few functional adaptive genetic variants have been identified, largely owing to the lack of deep-genome sequencing data available to previous studies. Here, we build a list of putative adaptive variants, including 63 missense, 7 loss-of-function, 1,298 evolutionarily conserved variants and 509 expression quantitative traits loci. Notably, the top signal of selection is located in TMEM247, a transmembrane protein-coding gene. The Tibetan version of TMEM247 harbors one high-frequency (76.3%) missense variant, rs116983452 (c.248C>T; p.Ala83Val), with the T allele derived from archaic ancestry and carried by>94% of Tibetans but absent or in low frequencies (<3%) in non-Tibetan populations. The rs116983452-T is strongly and positively correlated with altitude and significantly associated with reduced hemoglobin concentration (p=5.78×10~(-5)), red blood cell count (p=5.72×10~(-7)) and hematocrit (p=2.57×10~(-6)). In particular, TMEM247-rs116983452 shows greater effect size and better predicts the phenotypic outcome than any EPAS1 variants in association with adaptive traits in Tibetans. Modeling the interaction between TMEM247-rs116983452 and EPAS1 variants indicates weak but statistically significant epistatic effects. Our results support that multiple variants may jointly deliver the fitness of the Tibetans on the plateau, where a complex model is needed to elucidate the adaptive evolution mechanism.
Molecular game theory for a toxin-dominant food chain model

Animal toxins that are used to subdue prey and deter predators act as the key drivers in natural food chains and ecosystems. However, the predators of venomous animals may exploit feeding adaptation strategies to overcome toxins their prey produce. Much remains unknown about the genetic and molecular game process in the toxin-dominant food chain model. Here, we show an evolutionary strategy in different trophic levels of scorpion-eating amphibians, scorpions and insects, representing each predation relationship in habitats dominated by the paralytic toxins of scorpions. For scorpions preying on insects, we found that the scorpion α-toxins irreversibly activate the skeletal muscle sodium channel of their prey (insect, BgNaV1) through a membrane delivery mechanism and an efficient binding with the Asp/Lys-Tyr motif of BgNaV1. However, in the predatory game between frogs and scorpions, with a single point mutation (Lys to Glu) in this motif of the frog’s skeletal muscle sodium channel (fNaV1.4), fNaV1.4 breaks this interaction and diminishes muscular toxicity to the frog; thus, frogs can regularly prey on scorpions without showing paralysis. Interestingly, this molecular strategy also has been employed by some other scorpion-eating amphibians, especially anurans. In contrast to these amphibians, the Asp/Lys-Tyr motifs are structurally and functionally conserved in other animals that do not prey on scorpions. Together, our findings elucidate the protein-protein interacting mechanism of a toxin-dominant predator-prey system, implying the evolutionary game theory at a molecular level.
From structure to function:unveiling the structure of the Nav channel-toxin complex

Voltage-gated sodium channels (Na_v) are essential for the generation and conduction of the action potentials in excitable cells,including neurons,endocrine cells and muscles.The sodium current was first recorded and mathematically described by the Hodgkin-Huxley model in the 1950s,which predicted both the existence of a voltage sensor and gating currents.It took three decades for the first clone of the central pore-forming α subunit cDNAto be obtained by theNuma group,which was followed by structure- function and mutational studies on the voltage-dependent gating mechanism,Na~+ selectivity and the general structure of Na_v channels.The first 3D crystal structure of a prokaryotic Na~+ channel was reported by the Catterall and Zheng laboratories in 2011.The Yan and King laboratories presented three highresolution cryo-electron microscopy (EM) structures (2.6-3.2 A) of the eukaryotic Na_v channel,Na_vPaS from American cockroach,in complex with three animal toxins.
Long march for healthy research ecology

In recent years,the research community in China has launched five campaigns against research misconduct.The first one started at the turn of this century and enabled whistleblowers to flag fabrication,falsification and plagiarism violations during promotions and in talent reviews.Investigations would proceed when the allegation contained verifiable details.Clear signals were sent to researchers,who took the chance of ‘not getting caught’.The second campaign started around 2005 and sought to eliminate duplicate submissions for publication in a different language.In 2007,the ChineseMedical Association established the rule of no duplicate publication in a different language.The copyright law in China also was revised.The third campaign involved the engagement of similarity checks for dissertations,grants and journal submissions.Universities began to perform a full check on all theses submitted for degrees.The National Natural Science Foundation of China installed similarity check software in their system for all submitted grant proposals.All similarities were classified according to their severity and earmarked during the subsequent peer reviews.
Shaped charge penetration into high-and ultrahigh-strength SteeleFiber reactive powder concrete targets

Experiments on shaped charge penetration into high and ultrahigh strength steel-fiber reactive powder concrete (RPC) targets were performed in this paper. Results show that the variation of penetration depth and crater diameter with concrete strength is different from that of shaped charge penetration into normal strength concrete (NSC). The crater diameter of RPC is smaller than that of NSC penetrated by the shaped charge. The jet particles are strongly disturbed and hardly reach the crater bottom because they pass through the narrow channel formed by jet penetration into the RPC. The effects of radial drift velocity and gap effects of jet particles for a shaped charge penetration into RPC target are discussed. Moreover, a theoretical model is presented to describe the penetration of shaped charge into RPC target. As the concrete strength increases, the penetration resistance increases and the entrance crater diameter decreases. Given the drift velocity and narrow crater channel, the low-velocity jet particles can hardly reach the crater bottom to increase the penetration depth. Moreover, the narrow channel has a stronger interference to the jet particles with increasing concrete strength; hence, the gap effects must be considered. The drift velocity and gap effects, which are the same as penetration resistance, also have significant effects during the process of shaped charge penetration into ultrahigh-strength concrete. The crater profiles are calculated through a theoretical model, and the results are in good agreement with the experiments.
Cloning and characterization of Methoprene-tolerant (Met) and Kruppel homolog 1 (Kr-h1) genes in the wheat blossom midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana

Juvenile hormone (JH), a growth regulator, inhibits ecdysteroid-induced metamorphosis and controls insect development and diapause. Methoprene-tolerant (Met) and Kruppel homolog 1 (Kr-h1) are two proteins involved in JH action. To gain some insight into their function in development of Sitodiplosis mosellana, an insect pest undergoing obligatory larval diapause at the mature 3rd instar stage, we cloned full-length complementary DNAs of Met and Kr-h1 from this species. SmMet encoded a putative protein, which contained three domains typical of the bHLH-PAS family and eight conserved amino acid residues important for JH binding. SmKr-h1 encoded a protein showing high sequence homology to its counterparts in other species, and contained all eight highly conserved Zn-finger motifs for DNA-binding. Expression patterns of SmMet and SmKr-h1 were developmentally regulated and JH III responsive as well. Their mRNA abundance increased as larvae entered early 3rd instar, pre-diapause and maintenance stages, and peaked during post-diapause quiescence, a pattern correlated with JH titers in this species. Different from reduced expression of SmMet, SmKr-h1 mRNA increased at mid-to-late period of postdiapause development. Topical application of JH III on diapausing larvae also induced the two genes in a dose-dependent manner. Expression of SmMet and SmKr-h1 clearly declined in the pre-pupal phase, and was significantly higher in female adults than male adults. These results suggest that JH-responsive SmMet and SmKr-h1 might play key roles in diapause induction and maintenance as well as in post-diapause quiescence and adult reproduction, whereas metamorphosis from larvae to pupae might be correlated with their reduced expression.
探讨分析在治疗无排卵型的月经失调患者中应用不同黄体酮剂量临床的治疗效果

目的研究探讨分析在治疗无排卵型的月经失调患者中应用不同的黄体酮剂量临床优势。方法选择山东省巨野县人民医院于2017年10月至2018年10月进行治疗的120例无排卵型月经失调患者,按照随机数字表法分为两组均40例,其中A组采取100 mg/d黄体酮进行治疗,B组采取200 mg/d进行治疗,C组采取300 mg/d进行治疗,观察三组患者治疗前后激素与治疗效果。结果三组患者在治疗前各项激素无变化,差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05),但经过治疗后B组除FSH外均优于对照组,而治疗后B组子宫内膜厚度低于A组、C组,B组治疗总有效率100.00%高于A组85.00%、C组82.50%,C组不良反应37.50%高于A组15.00%、B组10.00%,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论对于无排卵型的月经失调患者可采取200mg/d黄体酮进行治疗,患者激素情况明显好转,治疗效果较为显著,值得应用。
维生素E与早发性卵巢功能不全关系的研究进展

维生素E(vitamin E, VE)是卵巢组织和卵泡液中重要的脂溶性抗氧化剂,维生素E的抗氧化活性已经被广泛用于研究预防慢性疾病,尤其是具有氧化应激成分的慢性病,如心血管疾病,动脉粥样硬化和癌症。现在有研究提示氧化应激可能参与早发性卵巢功能不全的发生,补充VE可以保护卵巢减少氧化应激损伤,改善卵巢功能,本文就VE对卵巢功能的影响及其与早发性卵巢功能不全关系的研究进展作一综述。
HPV E6/E7在宫颈病变恶性进展或宫颈癌复发中的预测作用

人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomavirus, HPV)是引起女性宫颈癌发病的主要原因,其中HPV E6/E7蛋白在宫颈癌发生发展过程中起重要作用,可用于预测宫颈病变的恶性进展或宫颈癌复发,目前临床上有多种针对HPV E6/E7的检测方法,如检测HPV E6/E7 mRNA或检测HPV E6/E7蛋白。本文回顾了HPV E6/E7在宫颈病变恶性进展或宫颈癌复发中预测作用的相关最新进展。
海绵窦炎合并多发颅内静脉窦血栓形成一例报道及文献复习

颅内静脉窦血栓形成(cerebral venous sinus thrombosis,CVST)是一种相对罕见的可危及生命的脑血管疾病,占所有脑卒中的0.5%~1.0%。海绵窦炎,又称脓毒性海绵窦血栓形成(septic cavernous sinus thrombosis,SCST),致死率接近30%,最主要的病因是急性鼻窦炎。但目前由于抗生素的有效使用,鼻窦炎后已很少有因炎性介质的释放导致血管壁或骨质破坏进而出现SCST的情况。当前,因慢性蝶窦炎导致的CVST虽然罕见,但临床上尚有报道,而因慢性蝶窦炎导致CVST合并SCST则在临床上很少见报道。甘肃省人民医院神经外科曾收治1例慢性蝶窦炎继发CVST合并SCST的病例,笔者现对其临床表现、影像学资料、治疗过程及预后等进行报道,并复习相关文献,以期为临床诊治提供经验借鉴。
互联网技术在老年性痴呆患者的家庭照护者心理支持中的应用进展

老年性痴呆亦称阿尔兹海默症,多发于老年人,以认知功能障碍、情感障碍及精神行为异常为主要临床特点的一种慢性进行性精神衰退性疾病。据统计,全球约84%的老年性痴呆患者居住在家中,由家庭照护者(以下简称照护者)照顾;但由于照护者缺乏对痴呆症的认识和理解,加之照护负担过重,导致其普遍存在心理问题,如抑郁、焦虑等,严重者甚至会有自残或自杀的倾向。鉴于照护者心理问题的严重性,对该类人群进行心理支持是亟待实施的。目前,我国通常采用传统的“面对面”的方式对照护者进行心理支持,但这种支持方式存在时间和空间的限制。近年,基于互联网的干预措施以方便、高效和覆盖面广的优势成为给照护者提供教育和支持的有效替代方案。本研究将总结国内外互联网技术在老年性痴呆患者照护者心理支持中的应用情况,以期为国内相关研究提供参考和借鉴。
朴炳奎教授治疗肺癌合并胸腔积液经验

朴炳奎教授是中国中医科学院广安门医院的首席研究员,主任医师,博士生导师,第二届首都国医名师,第三届全国名中医,享受国务院特殊津贴。笔者有幸在参加西部之光访问学者期间,在朴老身边侍诊学习,聆听教诲,受益匪浅。现将朴老治疗肺癌合并胸腔积液的学术经验总结如下。
Clippers综合征1例报道并文献复习

类固醇激素反应性慢性淋巴细胞性炎症伴脑桥血管周围强化症(chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids)简称Clippers综合征,是一种罕见的可累及大脑多个区域特别是脑干、小脑的中枢神经系统炎性疾病,它以头颅核磁共振(magnatic resonance imaging,MRI)脑桥“胡椒粉”样斑点状强化和激素反应良好为核心特点。目前,Clippers综合征病因及发病机制仍不清楚,亦缺乏特异性的生物标志物。本文报道本院收治的1例Clippers综合征并文献复习。
ROI-C前路治疗Ⅱ度以下的下颈椎脱位临床疗效分析

目的:比较桥形插片融合器ROI-C与传统前路椎间融合器联合钢板治疗Ⅱ度以下的下颈椎脱位的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析自2014年3月-2018年1月行前路颈椎减压复位内固定治疗的41例Ⅱ度以下的下颈椎滑脱患者资料,19例采用桥形插片融合器ROI-C固定(ROI-C组),22例采用传统颈椎融合器联合钢板内固定(钢板组)。观察比较术中出血量、手术时间、临床疗效(按Odom评分系统评判),比较两组颈椎功能残障指数(neck disability index,NDI)、视觉疼痛模拟评分(visual analog scale,VAS)、Cobb角变化,颈椎前凸(或后凸)D值变化、术后骨性融合率以及术后吞咽困难发生率。结果:所有患者均随访。ROI-C组术中出血量(82.6±12.9)mL、手术时间(119.2±12.9)min均明显低于钢板组[(97.5±14.1)mL、(139.1±9.5)min],组间比较差异均有统计学意义(t=-3.517,P=0.001;t=-5.698、P<0.01)。但两组间在相同时间点的NDI评分、VAS评分、Cobb角、D值,差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。末次随访时两组患者均骨性融合,根据Odom评分系统评价临床疗效:ROI-C组优良率94.7%,钢板组优良率90.9%,两者之间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);ROI-C组吞咽困难发生率5.4%,钢板组36.4%,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:桥形插片融合器ROI-C与传统前路椎间融合器联合钢板前路治疗Ⅱ度以下的下颈椎脱位均可取得良好的治疗效果,但ROI-C具有操作简便、手术时间短、术中出血少、术后吞咽困难发生率低等优点。
Empirical Study and Model Construction on the Efficiency of the Different Urban Elderly Care Modes Based on Complex Scientific Management

For the problem of improving the efficiency and optimizing the resource allocation in urban elderly care, by using complex scientific management method and the empirical analysis on the efficiency of the urban elderly care modes, this paper proposes that the key is to balance supply efficiency between the long-term and short-term elderly care modes. The short-term pattern is to enhance urban residents' confidence, and the long-term one promotes the sustainable development of the elderly care to prevent the aged poverty due to oldness and illness. This paper suggests that the building of “government assistance + community leadership + enterprise cultivation” mode can improve the overall efficiency of the urban elderly care to reach the Pareto optima, and fulfil the goals of the urban elderly care by providing a security and enjoyable life.
Programmable Assembly of DNA-protein Hybrid Structures

DNA is the genetic information carrier for most known living organisms on Earth, while proteins are the functional component that carry out most biological processes. Many natural machineries are DNA-protein hybrid complexes to cooperatively and efficiently conduct sophisticated biological tasks. It has drawn increasing interest to the research field to construct artificial DNA-protein hybrid structures towards a variety of applications including biological studies, nanofabrication, biomedical research, etc. In this regard, here in this report we reviewed the up-todate progress on making DNA-protein hybrid structures, with a particular focus on DNA nanotechnology-enabled programmable assembly of DNA-protein hybrid structures.
基于SRP模型的石羊河流域生态脆弱性评价

随着社会经济的快速发展,各地区生态环境脆弱性日益显现。文中通过SRP概念模型构建石羊河流域生态脆弱性评价指标体系,利用遥感和GIS技术,采用主成分分析法,系统、定量地对石羊河流域2005、 2010、2015年生态脆弱性进行评价。结果表明: 1)受自然因素和人为因素共同影响,石羊河流域生态脆弱程度整体处于重度脆弱水平; 2)空间上,石羊河流域生态脆弱性总体分布呈从上游到下游明显加重的趋势,重度脆弱面积和极度脆弱面积占总面积的比重较大;时间上,流域在2005 ~ 2015年间生态状况总体呈轻微转好的态势; 3)石羊河流域生态脆弱性具有强烈的空间自相关特征。
PASM-Masson套染在肾穿刺活检中的应用

肾穿刺活检组织病理诊断是肾脏疾病诊断以及鉴别的重要方法,包括常规HE染色、特殊染色、免疫荧光染色及电镜检查等。其中,特殊染色是肾穿刺活检组织的重要辅助检查方法,主要包括PAS染色、PASM染色、Masson染色以及刚果红染色等。在日常工作中,如果对穿刺肾组织分别进行染色,所需时间长,工作量大,不利于病理医师镜下观察免疫复合物沉积及其位置。相反,PASM-Masson套染能够在同一张切片中准确显示病变肾小球内各种免疫复合物的形态与定位,明显缩短了染色时间,提高了工作效率,对诊断肾小球疾病起重要作用。
线粒体复合体在肾脏疾病中的研究进展

肾脏是富含线粒体的器官之一,其正常运行依赖于线粒体氧化磷酸化(oxidative phosphorylation,OXPHOS)为细胞供能。线粒体复合体(mitochondrial complex,MC)构成了线粒体呼吸链(mitochondrial respiratory chain,MRC),具有电子传递和质子转移的功能,参与OXPHOS的过程。近年的研究表明,MC参与了肾脏疾病的发生发展,MC在不同的肾脏疾病中作用不尽相同。本文旨在系统综述MC的功能,总结其在急性肾损伤(acute kidney injury,AKI)、以糖尿病肾病(diabetic kidney disease,DKD)为主的慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)、肾脏肿瘤、线粒体DNA(mtDNA)疾病等不同肾脏病领域中的作用,分析探讨MC作为新的靶点在肾脏疾病诊治中的潜在价值。
离子色谱-质谱法测定生活饮用水中草甘膦和氨甲基磷酸

草甘膦(GLY)是一种广泛使用的除草剂,生活饮用水国家标准GB 5749-2006中规定,草甘膦的限值为0.7mg·L~(-1)。草甘膦的主要代谢产物为氨甲基磷酸(AMPA),因为草甘膦和氨甲基磷酸亲水性极强,不易挥发,所以采用气相色谱-串联质谱法(GC-MS/MS)进行测定时,必须进行衍生,但是衍生法操作条件苛刻、重现性差。另外,草甘膦和氨甲基磷酸在C_(18)柱上没有保留,采用高效液相色谱-质谱法进行测定时,极易受到干扰。文献利用固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-高分辨质谱法测定尿液中草甘膦,采用NH_2柱实现了草甘膦的分离,但NH_2柱耐用性差,比较容易受到干扰。文献采用离子色谱法对草甘膦进行分离,以氢氧化钠溶液为流动相,通过抑制器除盐后,再进行质谱测定,实现了水果和蔬菜中草甘膦的快速测定,检出限为0.03mg·kg~(-1),但离子色谱-质谱法常用的流动相为非挥发性的盐,需要增加抑制器进行除盐。
新时期中医药大学一流本科教育建设的思考与路径

基于新时期中医药大学一流本科教育建设面临的新形势与问题,提出传承创新、追求卓越是建设新时期中医药大学一流本科教育的基本方略。其具体实现路径主要包括:基于社会需求彰显中医药特色的一流专业建设,深化课程综合改革的一流课程建设,崇尚卓越教学、提升教学学术能力的一流师资建设,协同互动、重在创新的一流实践教学体系建设,严格标准、完善机制、坚守大学精神的一流质量文化建设的五大工程。
炎性因子白细胞介素1β和白细胞介素6在神经型布鲁菌病诊断中的应用价值

目的研究患者血清和脑脊液中白细胞介素(interleukin,IL)1β和IL-6在神经型布鲁菌病(neurobrucellosis,NB)诊断中的作用。方法根据入组标准和排除标准纳入2018年1月至12月在内蒙古医科大学附属医院和内蒙古自治区综合疾病预防控制中心就诊的患者,其中NB组为37例NB患者,无神经系统损伤的布鲁菌病组纳入29例患者,病毒性脑炎组纳入19例患者,未感染布鲁菌病且全身无感染性疾病组(对照组)纳入23例患者。所有患者在入院后24 h内空腹采集静脉血,并进行腰椎穿刺收集脑脊液。采用MSD(Meso Scale Discovery) U-Plex法检测血清和脑脊液中IL-1β和IL-6水平。统计学分析采用非参数检验和Spearman相关分析。结果NB组患者血清IL-1β、血清IL-6、脑脊液IL-1β和脑脊液IL-6浓度分别为1.83(0.95,2.11)、11.14(1.62,20.22)、1.58(0.06,11.03)、13.87(3.48,273.03) pg/mL。无神经系统损伤的布鲁菌病组患者血清IL-6、脑脊液IL-6浓度分别为4.22(2.47,7.49)、2.09(1.53,6.38) pg/mL。病毒性脑炎组患者血清IL-6、脑脊液IL-6浓度分别为1.23(1.08,1.29)、11.10(2.10,20.69) pg/mL。对照组患者血清IL-1β、血清IL-6、脑脊液IL-1β和脑脊液IL-6浓度分别为0.23(0.17,0.50)、0.75 (0.63,1.30)、0.55(0.34,0.85)、1.65(1.12,2.82) pg/mL。NB组和对照组患者血清IL-1β、IL-6和脑脊液中IL-1β、IL-6水平差异有统计学意义(Z =2.32,P < 0.05;Z = 3.00,P < 0.01;Z = 1.52,P<0.01;Z = 1.63,P<0.01);NB组与无神经系统损伤的布鲁菌病组、病毒性脑炎组患者血清IL-6水平差异有统计学意义(Z = 1.84、4.75,均P<0.05),脑脊液IL-6水平差异也有统计学意义(Z=4.63、-2.03,均P<0.05)。在NB组中,脑脊液中IL-1β与IL-6水平呈正相关(r = 0.948,P < 0.01),但血清中二者无相关性。结论IL-1β、IL-6可以为NB的早期诊断提供依据,特别是IL-6特异性高表达为NB的早期诊断提供依据和数据支持。
中国儿童慢性乙型肝炎诊疗存在的问题与挑战

儿童期感染乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus, HBV)易慢性化,是成人期慢性乙型肝炎(chronic hepatitis B,CHB)的重要来源。儿童CHB与成人CHB相比,既有相同之处,又有其鲜明的特殊性。目前,我国儿童肝病诊疗专科人员不足,存在对儿童CHB的危害、治疗认识不足,以及诊疗经验缺乏等多方面问题,亟需制订适合我国儿童CHB的诊疗指南,为临床诊疗决策提供参考。
深刻理解心血管疾病一级预防——解读2019美国心脏病学协会/美国心脏学会心血管疾病一级预防指南

2019美国心脏病学协会(ACC)/美国心脏学会(AHA)心血管疾病一级预防指南更加强调生活方式在一级预防中的重要性之外,还将社会因素纳入以患者为中心的心血管疾病(CVD)综合防控策略。建议临床医生应评估影响个人健康的社会决定因素,以指导治疗决策。该指南内容主要包括:一级预防的总体建议、生活方式因素、CVD风险的生物学因素及其他因素、经济学成本和价值的考虑。我们从指南中摘取一些重要内容予以解读,同时对我国未来一级预防工作提出一些建议。