mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
股前外侧皮瓣修复前臂及手部热压伤五例

目的探讨应用股前外侧皮瓣修复前臂及手部重度热压伤的临床疗效。方法自2011年3月至2014年10月,应用股前外侧皮瓣游离移植临床修复重度热压伤5例,皮肤软组织缺损创面6.0 cm×10.0cm ~ 8.0 cm×15.0 cm,切取股前外侧皮瓣面积8.0 cm×12.0 cm~10.0 cm×18.0 cm,2例供区直接缝合,3例供区取中厚皮片植皮。随访内容包括皮瓣外观、质地、两点辨别觉、测量手指及腕关节功能活动度,皮瓣供区外形、功能恢复情况及并发症。结果5例皮瓣全部成活,随访6~18个月,皮瓣血运良好,无臃肿,质地柔软,两点辨别觉为7.0 ~ 10.0 mm,腕部及手指屈伸功能恢复良好,按照中华医学会手外科分会功能评价标准评定,结果属优3例,良1例,可1例。结论应用股前外侧皮瓣游离移植修复前臂及手部重度热压伤临床效果良好。
The GLI2 Missense Variant rs3738880 Significantly Increases the Risk of Neural Tube Defects in the Han Chinese Population

Background: The sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway is an important signaling pathway for neural tube closure. GLI family zinc finger 2 (GLI2) is the major activation mediator of the SHH pathway; however, no single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in GLI2 have been reported to be associated with human neural tube defects (NTDs) to date. Here, we evaluated a mutation in GLI2 in the Han Chinese population. Methods: We used SNPscan to genotype rs3738880 in the GLI2 coding region. We then investigated the function of this gene by Western blotting and dual-luciferase assays. Results: In this study, we found that the GLI2 missense variant rs3738880 significantly increased the risk of NTDs in the Han Chinese population via association studies in a cohort of 254 patients and 277 controls from Shanxi Province (odds ratio [OR] = 1.89,95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.28-2.80, P = 0.0012). Additional stratified analyses demonstrated that rs3738880 was significantly related to spina bifida (114 cases, OR = 2.01,95% CI = 1.19-3.38, P = 0.0067). Functional analysis revealed that rs3738880 did not affect GLI2 protein stability and significantly increased SHH activity because of the introduction of a potential phosphorylation site in GLI2. Conclusion: rs3738880 was a risk factor for NTDs in the Han Chinese population.
An Accurate Common-Mode Current Prediction Method for Transformerless Photovoltaic Inverters Based on Graph Theory

The common-mode current is an important indicator with transformerless photovoltaic inverters. However, up to now, there is not an accurate method to predict common-mode current in the inverter design process, resulting from inappropriate device selection or exceeded the expected common-mode current. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposes an accurate common-mode current prediction method based on graph theory for transformerless photovoltaic inverters. In this paper, the mathematic model of the common-mode current is derived using graph theory analysis method in the full-bridge topology, and it is used to predict common-mode current. The validity and correctness of the proposed prediction method are validated by simulation and experiment. The oscillation frequency and amplitude can be predicted by the proposed common-mode prediction method, whereas the traditional common-mode analysis method cannot. This paper provides a novel way to predict and analyze common-mode current in the transformerless photovoltaic inverters.
A Design of Single-Switch Two-Stage DC-DC Converters With PWM And PFM for Off-Grid Solar Power System

In this paper, a single-switch two-stage DC-DC conversion circuit is proposed for an off-grid solar power application. A photovoltaic(PV) panel powers the load and a storage unit(battery) via the proposed circuit. The battery is designed to balance the supply and the demand of power under different irradiation situations. Based on conventional cascaded DC-DC converters, the proposed design is developed with the single switch technique reducing size, cost and power loss. The control scheme in this design is pulse width modulation(PWM) with pulse frequency modulation(PFM). The PWM module is similar to conventional design except its ramp signal with a variable frequency is provided by a resettable integrator. As a result, the PWM and PFM modules regulate the two stages of the proposed circuit separately with the same switching control signal. In this paper, the modes of operation of the circuit are discussed as well as the control schemes. The design process is described along with the circuit analysis and comparisons with conventional design are made as well. A prototype has been built to verify the proposed circuit with simulation and experimental results.
High Frequency Resonance in DFIG-Based Wind Farm with Variable Power Capacity

As wind power penetration has been gaining in the power grid for decades, a large number of the doubly fed induction generator(DFIG) based wind farms are being established around the globe. The power capacities of these wind farms may vary around hundreds of MW, and most of the wind farms are connected to long transmission cables whose impedances can not be ignored and require careful attention. Several works have investigated the impedance interaction between the DFIG based wind farm and long transmission cables which may unfortunately cause high frequency resonance (HFR). The main contribution of this paper is to investigate the influence of the variable wind farm capacity on the behavior of the HFR when certain transmission cables are provided. It is found out that the potential HFR may happen in certain wind farms, and the larger wind farm capacity causes more severe HFR due to the relatively weaker grid transmission capability. Simulation results based on Matlab/Simulink are given to validate the analysis of HFR.
Development Status and Trend of Electric Vehicles in China

Due to pressures from both energy and environment, electric vehicles (EVs) and their related technologies have experienced considerable achievements in China in recent years. This paper firstly presents the EV development status in China with key statistics including EV market status, mainstream technical indicators, charging infrastructure, and key components (battery, motor drive systems). Then, the developmental driving forces of EVs in China are reviewed and analyzed with an emphasis on government policies such as subsidy rules, research investment, and standards. Finally, the development trend of EVs in China is prospected from aspects of industry, technology and policy, opportunities and challenges, with an expectation that more attention from academia, industry and government will be attracted into the area of EVs.
An Optimal Coordination Control Strategy of Micro-Grid Inverter and Energy Storage Based on Variable Virtual Inertia and Damping of VSG

The virtual inertia and virtual damping affect both the dynamic stability of the virtual synchronous generator(VSG) and the configuration of energy storage, but there is a conflict between them while selecting the virtual inertia and virtual damping. An optimal coordination control strategy of micro-grid inverter and energy storage based on variable virtual inertia and damping is proposed to mitigate this conflict. With the integrated optimal constraint of the VSG frequency variation and the energy storage capacity, the virtual inertia and damping of VSG are configured dynamically, adopting linear quadratic optimal control. It can suppress the oscillations of the active power and frequency to improve the stability of VSG and optimally configure the energy storage capacity of VSG simultaneously. The proposed strategy aims to improve the control performance of micro-grid inverter and the system economy. The simulation and experimental results verify the effectiveness of the strategy.
Configurations and Control of Traction Motors for Electric Vehicles: A Review

In recent decades, worldwide global warming and reduction in petroleum resources have accelerated researcher's attention to produce alternative sustainable and environmentally clean transportation systems. Electrification of vehicular technology is capable of curbing the environmental pollution problem in an efficient and effective way, due to high efficiency electric motors, development and advancement in the field of power electronic devices, digital signal processing and advanced control techniques. This article presents a comprehensive review on different configurations/ architecture of electric vehicles(EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles(HEVs), traction motors for electric propulsion system and high performance speed sensorless control of traction drive. The basic architecture key components of hybrid vehicle and different power train configurations with respect to applications and limitations are discussed. The integral part of electric propulsion system, traction motor classes for desired operational characteristics and limitations are summarized from a system perspective with the latest improvements. High performance traction motor control techniques are discussed with respect to automotive applications. Finally, speed sensorless control techniques research trends as well as an extensive review on rotor speed estimation techniques for robust and efficient sensorless traction drive control are highlighted. This article provides state of the art key global trends and tradeoff of various technologies with future trends and potential areas of research.
Saliency-Based Position Sensorless Control Methods for PMSM Drives - a Review

Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives are finding expanded use for industrial and domestic drive applications. With the distinguished characteristics such as reduced cost and increased reliability and robustness, position sensorless (self-sensing) control techniques have been good candidates for reliable and costless PMSM drives. The saliency-tracking based techniques further bring the expansion of applications with the extended controllable sensorless operating speed range. This paper presents a review on state of the art techniques for position sensorless drives using the saliency-tracking based methods. The signal injection methods and the future scope of research including the dynamic bandwidth improvement and the acoustic noise reduction are discussed.
Optimal Power Allocation for Parallel Grid-Connected Inverters Based on Lagrangian Function Method

Two parallel grid-connected inverters can increase system capacitance effectively. In order to exert maximum efficiency of parallel grid-connected inverters, an optimal power allocation (OPA) method is proposed. Firstly, the power model of every inverter is established. Compared with the equal power allocation (EPA) method, theoretically, higher overall system efficiency can be achieved with the OPA method. Secondly, the overall system efficiency can be calculated with easily measurable electric parameters, and the online optimization realized by adopting an existing method, such as the hill-climbing method. Lastly, the feasibility of the OPA method is verified by simulation and experimentation.
Overview on Fault-Tolerant Four-Switch Three-Phase Voltage Source Converters

With the rapid development and widespread applications of power electronic converters, strong fault-tolerant capability of power electronic converters is required since they play important roles in power systems. In this paper, a review of one of the most promising fault-tolerant topologies for semiconductor open-circuit fault, called four-switch three-phase(FSTP) topology, is presented in terms of modeling analysis, modulation techniques, and control strategies. The configuration of FSTP voltage source converter (VSC) is illustrated. To minimize the negative effects caused by the innate drawbacks of this fault-tolerant converter topology, considerable research has been carried out regarding modulation techniques and control strategies. The modulation principle for FSTP topology is explained in detail, since the performance of FSTP VSCs relies on it. This paper aims to illustrate current research progress on this fault-tolerant FSTP VSC topology.
Distributed and Decentralized Control Architectures for Converter-Interfaced Microgrids

This paper gives a summary on recently available technologies for decentralized and distributed control of microgrids. They can be classified into two general categories: 1) power line communication based architectures and 2) multi-agent based architectures. The essential control methods and information sharing algorithms applied in these architectures are reviewed and examined in a hierarchical manner, in order to point out benefits they will bring to future microgrid applications. The paper is concluded with a summary on existing methods and a discussion on future development trends.
Transcatheter Valve-in-Valve implantation after late migration of balloon expandable Sapien- XT prosthesis in a severe pure aortic regurgitation case

A 76-year old female, was admitted in our cardiac surgery clinic to perform surgical aortic valve replacement due to a severe aortic regurgitation with symptoms of congestive heart failure. Her past medical history included moderately impaired renal function (GFR 48 mL/min) and arterial hypertension.
无创产前检测发现双胎之一为21三体一例

本例患者属于高龄双胎妊娠的产前筛查与诊断。NIPT对该双胎的染色体及胎儿性别的预测均正确。因此,我们认为NIPT在双胎妊娠的高龄孕妇中是可行的。但计算胎儿浓度时,一定要采用两种方法;若有21三体的信号,可运用Z值与胎儿浓度的关系判断胎儿是两个21三体还是1个为21三体。该病例报道也能够为NIPT在双胎检测中的应用提供数据支持。随着更多的研究及临床应用,双胎妊娠的产前诊断与筛查将不断地更新与完善。
A wind tunnel experiment of self-starting capability for straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine

In this study,wind tunnel experiment was carried out to investigate the self-staring capability for straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine. The flow visualization also was been performed at the rest of the rotor. The effect of the azimuthal angle of blade position relative to wind direction on the self-starting capability was discussed based on the results of flow visualization. The torque and centripetal force of the rotor when the self-starting behavior starts were roughly calculated with the flow visualization results of the rotor. It is suggested that there exists the condition of wind speed and configuration of the blade position of the rotor at the rest of rotor to the reach to situational rotation number.
High-resolution mass spectrometric characterization of dissolved organic matter from warm and cold periods in the NEEM ice core

Dissolved organic matter(DOM) is an important component of ice cores but is currently poorly characterized. DOM from one Holocene sample(HS, aged at 1600–4500 B.P.) and one Last Glacial Maximum sample(LS, aged at 21000–25000 B.P.) from the North Greenland Eemian Ice Drilling(NEEM) ice core were analyzed by ultra-high resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(FT-ICR-MS). CHO compounds contributed 50% of the compounds identified in negative-ionization mode in these two samples, with significant contributions from organic N, S, and P compounds, likely suggesting that marine DOM was an important source in these samples. Overall, the chemical compositions are similar between these two samples, suggesting their consistent DOM sources. However, subtle differences in the DOM between these two samples are apparent and could indicate differences in source strength or chemistry occurring through both pre- and post-depositional processes. For example, higher relative amounts of condensed carbon compounds in the HS DOM(5%), compared to the LS DOM(2%), suggest potentially important contributions from terrestrial sources. Greater incorporation of P in the observed DOM in the LS DOM(22%), compared to the HS DOM(13%), indicate more active microbiological processes that likely contribute to phosphorus incorporation into the DOM pool. Although these two samples present only a preliminary analysis of DOM in glacial/interglacial periods, the data indicate a need to expand the analysis into a broader range of ice-core samples, geographical locations, and glacial/interglacial periods.
Bio-macromolecular dynamic structures and functions, illustrated with DNA, antibody, and lipoprotein

Bio-macromolecules, such as proteins and nucleic acids, are the basic materials that perform fundamental activities required for life. Their structural heterogeneities and dynamic personalities are vital to understand the underlying functional mechanisms of bio-macromolecules. With the rapid development of advanced technologies such as single-molecule technologies and cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), an increasing number of their structural details and mechanics properties at molecular level have significantly raised awareness of basic life processes. In this review, firstly the basic principles of single-molecule method and cryo-EM are summarized, to shine a light on the development in these fields. Secondly, recent progress driven by the above two methods are underway to explore the dynamic structures and functions of DNA, antibody, and lipoprotein. Finally, an outlook is provided for the further research on both the dynamic structures and functions of bio-macromolecules, through single-molecule method and cryo-EM combining with molecular dynamics simulations.
Fabrication of mixed perovskite organic cation thin films via controllable cation exchange

Here in this paper, we demonstrate a facile technique for creating the mixed formamidinium (HN=CHNH_3~+ , FA~+) and methylammonium (CH_3NH_3~+ , MA~+) cations in the lead iodide perovskite. This technique entails a facile drop-casting of formamidinium iodide (FAI) solutions on as-prepared MAPbI_3 perovskite thin films under the controlled conditions, which leads to controllable displacement of the MA~+ cations by FA~+ cations in the perovskite structure at room temperature. Uniform and controllable mixed organic cation perovskite thin films without a “bi-layered” or graded structure are achieved. By applying this approach to photovoltaic devices, we are able to improve the performances of devices through extending their optical-absorption onset further into the infrared region to enhance solar-light harvesting. Additionally, this work provides a simple and efficient technique to tune the structural, electrical, and optoelectronic properties of the light-harvesting materials for high-performance perovskite solar cells.
Quantum state transfer via a hybrid solid–optomechanical interface

We propose a scheme to implement quantum state transfer between two distant quantum nodes via a hybrid solid– optomechanical interface. The quantum state is encoded on the native superconducting qubit, and transferred to the microwave photon, then the optical photon successively, which afterwards is transmitted to the remote node by cavity leaking, and finally the quantum state is transferred to the remote superconducting qubit. The high efficiency of the state transfer is achieved by controllable Gaussian pulses sequence and numerically demonstrated with theoretically feasible parameters. Our scheme has the potential to implement unified quantum computing–communication–computing, and high fidelity of the microwave–optics–microwave transfer process of the quantum state.
Theoretical study on the kesterite solar cells based onCu_2ZnSn(S,Se)_4 and related photovoltaic semiconductors

The kesterite thin film solar cells based on the quaternary Cu_2ZnSnS_4 and Cu_2ZnSnSe_4 and their alloys Cu_2ZnSn(S,Se)_4 have been considered as environment-friendly and non-toxic alternatives to the currently commercialized CdTe and Cu(In,Ga)Se_2 thin film solar cells. From the theoretical point of view, we will review how the group I2–II–IV–VI4 quaternary compound semiconductors are derived from the binary CdTe and the ternary CuInSe_2 or CuGaSe_2 through the cation mutation, and how the crystal structure and electronic band structure evolve as the component elements change. The increased structural and chemical freedom in these quaternary semiconductors opens up new possibility for the tailoring of material properties and design of new light-absorber semiconductors. However, the increased freedom also makes the development of high-efficiency solar cells more challenging because much more intrinsic point defects, secondary phases, surfaces, and grain-boundaries can exist in the thin films and influence the photovoltaic performance in a way different from that in the conventional CdTe and Cu(In,Ga)Se_2 solar cells. The experimental characterization of the properties of defects, secondary phase, and grain-boundaries is currently not very efficient and direct, especially for these quaternary compounds. First-principles calculations have been successfully used in the past decade for studying these properties. Here we will review the theoretical progress in the study of the mixed-cation and mixed-anion alloys of the group I2–II–IV– VI4 semiconductors, defects, alkaline dopants, and grain boundaries, which provided very important information for the optimization of the kesterite solar cell performance.
Interfaces of high-efficiency kesterite Cu_2ZnSnS(e)_4 thin film solar cells

Cu_2ZnSnS(e)_4 (CZTS(e)) solar cells have attracted much attention due to the elemental abundance and the nontoxicity. However, the record efficiency of 12.6% for Cu_2ZnSn(S,Se)_4 (CZTSSe) solar cells is much lower than that of Cu(In,Ga)Se_2 (CIGS) solar cells. One crucial reason is the recombination at interfaces. In recent years, large amount investigations have been done to analyze the interfacial problems and improve the interfacial properties via a variety of methods. This paper gives a review of progresses on interfaces of CZTS(e) solar cells, including: (i) the band alignment optimization at buffer/CZTS(e) interface, (ii) tailoring the thickness of MoS(e)2 interfacial layers between CZTS(e) absorber and Mo back contact, (iii) the passivation of rear interface, (iv) the passivation of front interface, and (v) the etching of secondary phases.
High-pressure synchrotron x-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopic study of plumbogummite

PbAl_3(PO_4)_2(OH,H_2O)_6, an important environmental mineral, is in-situ studied by synchrotron x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman scattering combined with diamond anvil cells (DACs) at pressures up to ~11.0 GPa and room temperature. The XRD results indicate that plumbogummite does not undergo a phase transition between 0 GPa and 10.9 GPa. Moreover, the c axis is more compressible than the a axis, revealing its anisotropic behavior. The pressure-volume data are fitted to the third-order Birch-Murnaghan equation of state to yield the plumbogummite bulk modulus K_0 of 68(1) GPa and K_0 ' of 6.1. The [PO_4]~(3-) and [HPO_4]~(2-) Raman vibrational modes exhibit scale nearly linearly as a function of pressure. The [PO_4]~(3-) stretching modes are generally more sensitive to pressure than the bending modes. The Gruneisen parameters range from-0.07 to 1.19, with an arithmetic mean of approximately 0.39.
Novel hole transport layer of nickel oxide composite with carbon for high-performance perovskite solar cells

A depth behavioral understanding for each layer in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and their interfacial interactions as a whole has been emerged for further enhancement in power conversion efficiency (PCE). Herein, NiO@Carbon was not only simulated as a hole transport layer but also as a counter electrode at the same time in the planar heterojunction based PSCs with the program wxAMPS (analysis of microelectronic and photonic structures)-1D. Simulation results revealed a high dependence of PCE on the effect of band offset between hole transport material (HTM) and perovskite layers. Meanwhile, the valence band offset (DEv) of NiO-HTM was optimized to be-0.1 to-0.3 eV lower than that of the perovskite layer. Additionally, a barrier cliff was identified to significantly influence the hole extraction at the HTM/absorber interface. Conversely, the DEv between the active material and NiO@Carbon-HTM was derived to be-0.15 to 0.15 eV with an enhanced efficiency from 15% to 16%.
Effect of hydroxyl on dye-sensitized solar cells assembled with TiO_2 nanorods

TiO_2 nanorods have been prepared on ITO substrates by dc reactive magnetron sputtering technique. The hydroxyl groups have been introduced on the nanorods surface. The structure and the optical properties of these nanorods have been studied. The dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have been assembled using these TiO_2 nanorods as photoelectrode. And the effect of the hydroxyl groups on the properties of the photoelectric conversion of the DSSCs has been studied.