mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Biodegradation of Lubricating Oil in Wastewater with Zoogloea sp.

The purpose of this study was to identify microbial strains that have a strong ability to biodegrade lubricating oil. No.20 lubricating oil was used as the sole carbon source in an isolation medium to screen bacteria from sludge that had been contaminated with crude oil. Through both morphological and biochemical methods, the bacterial strain that had the highest biodegrading capacity was identified as Zoogloea sp. On the basis of these preliminary results, a biological contact oxidation method was employed to further assess the ability of the Zoogloea sp. strain to treat wastewater contaminated by No. 20 lubricating oil using three oxidation cabins and two hydraulic retaining times (HRT). Results showed that the concentration of No. 20 lubricating oil with a 12 h hydraulic retaining time and 16.5 L h-1 inflow rate was reduced by99.3% in 15 d, and with a 6 h hydraulic retaining time and 33 L h-1 inflow rate it decreased by 98.6% in 12 d. The results from this study indicated that Zoogloea sp. had a strong potential to be utilized in biodegradation of lubricating oil.
Identification of 137Cs Reference Sites in Southeastern China

The 137Cs vertical distributions in uncultivated and cultivated soils, developed from Quaternary red clay, granite,argillaceous shale, and red sandstone, were studied to develop reliable guidelines for selecting reference sites in southeastern China, which is dominated by strong acidic and/or clay-textured soils, and examine their reliability by comparing them to the reported 137Cs reference inventory data to see whether they agreed with the global distribution pattern. It was observed that a relatively high proportion of 137Cs was concentrated in the surface layers of soils with relatively high clay content. In the paddy soils developed from granite more 137Cs penetrated to depths below the plow layer (about 45.3%),when compared to those from the other three parent materials. The relatively low soil 137Cs inventories on crests excluded using the crest as the 137Cs reference site; instead the paddy field on the hillock plain was selected. Furthermore, within a specific county characterized by great systematic spatial variations of rainfall and topography across the landscape,a significant (P ＜ 0.01) and positive linear relationship (r2 = 0.81) between local 137Cs inventory and corresponding local annual rainfall was observed. Thus, for areas with large variations in rainfall, a single uniform value of local 137Cs reference inventory should be used with caution.
Effect of Nitrogen Management on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Rainfed Wheat and Maize in Northwest China

A field experiment with four treatments and four replicates in a randomized complete block design was conducted at the Changwu Experimental Station in Changwu County, Shaanxi Province, of Northwest China from 1998 to 2002. The local cropping sequence of wheat, wheat-beans, maize, and wheat over the 4-year period was adopted. A micro-plot study using 15N-labelled fertilizer was carried out to determine the fate of applied N fertilizer in the first year. When N fertilizer was applied wheat (years 1, 2 and 4) and maize (year 3) grain yield increased significantly (P ＜ 0.05) (＞ 30%), with no significant yield differences in normal rainfall years (Years 1, 2 and 3) for N application at the commonly application rate and at 2/3 of this rate. Grain yield of wheat varied greatly between years, mainly due to variation in annual rainfall.Results of 15N studies on wheat showed that plants recovered 36.6%-38.4% of the N applied, the N remained in soil (0-40cm) ranged from 29.2% to 33.6%, and unaccounted-for N was 29.5%-34.2%. The following crop (wheat) recovered 2.1%-2.8% of the residual N from N applied to the previous wheat crop with recovery generally decreasing in the subsequent three crops (beans, maize and wheat).
Vegetation Change Prediction with Geo-Information Techniques in the Three Gorges Area of China

A computerized parametric methodology was applied to monitor, map, and estimate vegetation change in combination with "3S" (RS-remote sensing, GIS-geographic information systems, and GPS-global positioning system) technology and change detection techniques at a 1:50 000 mapping scale in the Letianxi Watershed of western Hubei Province, China.Satellite images (Landsat TM 1997 and Landsat ETM 2002) and thematic maps were used to provide comprehensive views of surface conditions such as vegetation cover and land use change. With ER Mapper and ERDAS software, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was computed and then classified into six vegetation density classes. ARC/INFO and ArcView software were used along with field observation data by GPS for analysis. Results obtained using spatial analysis methods showed that NDVI was a valuable first cut indicator for vegetation and land use systems. A regression analysis revealed that NDVI explained 94.5% of the variations for vegetation cover in the largest vegetation area, indicating that the relationship between vegetation and NDVI was not a simple linear process. Vegetation cover increased in four of areas.This meant 60.9% of land area had very slight to slight vegetation change, while 39.1% had moderate to severe vegetation change. Thus, the study area, in general, was exposed to a high risk of vegetation cover change.
Effect of Vegetation Changes on Soil Erosion on the Loess Plateau

Vegetation is one of the key factors affecting soil erosion on the Loess Plateau. The effects of vegetation destruction and vegetation restoration on soil erosion were quantified using data from long-term field runoff plots established on the eastern slope of the Ziwuling secondary forest region, China and a field survey. The results showed that before the secondary vegetation restoration period (before about 1866-1872), soil erosion in the Ziwuling region of the Loess Plateau was similar to the current erosion conditions in neighboring regions, where the soil erosion rate now is 8 000 to 10 000t km-2 year-1. After the secondary vegetation restoration, soil erosion was very low; influences of rainfall and slope gradient on soil erosion were small; the vegetation effect on soil erosion was predominant; shallow gully and gully erosion ceased; and sediment deposition occurred in shallow gully and gully channels. In modern times when human activities destroyed secondary forests, soil erosion increased markedly, and erosion rates in the deforested lands reached 10 000 to24 000 t km-2 year-1, which was 797 to 1682 times greater than those in the forested land prior to deforestation. Rainfall intensity and landform greatly affected the soil erosion process after deforestation. These results showed that accelerated erosion caused by vegetation destruction played a key role in soil degradation and eco-environmental deterioration in deforested regions.
Abundance and Dynamics of Soil Labile Carbon Pools Under Different Types of Forest Vegetation

Soil organic matter (SOM) in forest ecosystems is not only important to global carbon (C) storage but also to sustainable management of forestland with vegetation types, being a critical factor in controlling the quantity and dynamics of SOM. In this field experiment soil plots with three replicates were selected from three forest vegetation types: broadleaf,Masson pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.), and Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata Hook.). Soil total organic C (TOC),two easily oxidizable C levels (EOC1 and EOC2, which were oxidized by 66.7 mmol L-1 K2Cr2O7 at 130-140 ℃ and333 mmol L-1 KMnO4 at 25 ℃, respectively), microbial biomass C (MBC), and water-soluble organic C (WSOC)were analyzed for soil samples. Soil under the broadleaf forest stored significantly higher TOC (P ≤ 0.05). Because of its significantly larger total soil C storage, the soil under the broadleaf forest usually had significantly higher levels (P ≤ 0.05)of the different labile organic carbons, EOC1, EOC2, MBC, and WSOC; but when calculated as a percentage of TOC each labile C fraction of the broadleaf forest was significantly lower (P ≤ 0.05) than one of the other two forests. Under all the three vegetation types temperature as well as quality and season of litter input generally affected the dynamics of different organic C fractions in soils, with EOC1, EOC2, and MBC increasing closely following increase in temperature,whereas WSOC showed an opposite trend.
Response of Nematodes in a Hapli-Udic Argosol to Urea Amended with Urease and Nitrification Inhibitors

Effects of urea amended with urease and nitrification inhibitors on soil nematode communities were studied in a HapliUdic Argosol (Cambisol, FAO) in Liaoning Province of Northeast China. A completely random design with four treatments,i.e., conventional urea (CU), slow-release urea amended with a liquid urease inhibitor (SRU1), SRU1 + nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide (SRU2), and SRU1 + nitrification inhibitor 3,5-dimethylpyrazole (SRU3) and four replicates were applied. Thirty-nine genera of nematodes were identified, with Cephalobus and Aphelenchus being dominant; and in all treatments, the dominant trophic group was bacterivores. In addition, during the growth period of spring wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.), soil urease activity was lower in SRUs than in CU. The numbers of total nematodes and bacterivores at wheat heading and ripening stages, and omnivores-predators at ripening stage were higher in SUR3 than in CU, SRU1and SRU2 (P ＜ 0.05).
Effects of compressibility on the Rayleigh-Taylor instability in Z-pinch implosions

The effects of compressibility on the Rayleigh-Taylor instability in Z-pinch implosion plasmas are investigated by means of simple slab geometry. The linear mode equation, which includes main steady-state quantities and their gradients, is derived. Numerical solutions are presented, The incompressible fluid result is also obtained. These results indicate that the linear growth rate of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability for the compressible rnagnetohydrodynamic fluid is far larger than one in the incompressible situation. Therefore, the compressible systems are all more unstable than the incompressible ones.
螺旋CT对不典型肺结核的诊断价值

收集2002-05-2005-07间青岛海慈医院经螺旋CT检查并经临床病理证实，具有不典型CT表现的26例肺结核患者的完整临床资料。其中男17例、女9例，年龄23—72岁，平均49岁。临床表现：咳嗽12例，咯血或血丝痰6例，低热伴盗汗9例，高热4例，胸闷气促4例。合并糖尿病2例，合并慢性肾功能不全1例。2例体检无任何症状。
胃镜查见胃底恒径动脉出血1例

患者男，38岁。因“心悸”3d，于2005-06-15入院。既往无心脏病病史，无胃病史，3d前开始出现心悸，伴有轻度头昏，活动时明显，无头痛，无眩晕，无腹痛、腹泻，未注意大便情况。入院查体：心率105／min，血压105／65mmHg（1mmHg：0．133kPa）贫血貌，结膜苍白，心律齐，未闻及心脏瓣膜杂音。全腹无压痛及反跳痛。门诊查血常规：WBC13．5×10^9／L，RBC2．05×10^12/L，血红蛋白49g／L。
代谢综合征与心血管疾病关系概述

代谢综合征（metabolic syndrome，MS）是一组由遗传因素与环境因素共同决定的临床综合征；是以胰岛素抵抗为中心，多种代谢异常的集合，主要包括高血糖、向心性肥胖、脂代谢异常等。胰岛素抵抗是MS的主要原因。MS和其组成各因子均受遗传易感性的影响，具有遗传易感性者出现肥胖，其出现MS的危险性就急剧增加。
以神经系统症状表现为主的韦格纳肉芽肿病1例

患者男，46岁。自诉左侧肢体无力伴行走不稳3个月加重半个月。患者2004—05初，无诱因出现左侧肢体无力，行走不稳，有时感肢体放射性疼痛，症状逐渐加重，以至不能行走，在当地医院检查治疗3个月无效。2004—08—12转第二军医大学附属上海长征医院神经内科。发病后，无发热、咳嗽、气促及关节痛症状。1980年患颈椎病。人院检查：T36℃，P78／min。R18／min．BP12．7／8．3kPa（130／85mmHg），神清，语言含糊，颈软，双肺呼吸音清。心率：78／min，律齐，无杂音。
尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活剂受体在喉鳞癌中的表达及意义

尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活剂受体(uPAR)在喉鳞癌中的阳性表达与肿瘤发生部位、病理学分级及临床分期无关,对喉鳞癌淋巴结转移情况及预后评估有一定的参考价值.
内皮祖细胞与血管重新内皮化

血管内皮是循环血液和血管壁组织间的一层天然屏障，在维持血管的正常形态和功能中起重要作用。内皮受损后可引起炎症反应、单核细胞浸润和血管平滑肌细胞增生，促发动脉粥样硬化和再狭窄。冈此，直接修复受损血管内皮．促使血管重新内皮化已经成为防止动脉粥样硬化及再狭窄领域的重要课题。大量研究表明，内皮祖细胞（EPC）参与受损血管的重新内皮化。该文就内皮祖细胞的来源、鉴定、参与重新内皮化进行综述。
海马锥体神经元树突中电压依赖性钾通道研究进展

海马锥体神经元树突上分布着多种电压依赖性钾离子通道，但这些通道在胞体和树突不同部位的分布密度以及在突触电活动中的功能意义各不相同。倒传递动作电位（b-AP）和兴奋性突触后电位（EPSP）是树突中常见的功能电信号。本文简要介绍了近年来海马锥体神经元树突上这些钾离子通道及其电活动的生理和病理学研究成果。
应用连续性血液净化救治急性呼吸窘迫综合征

急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）的理想治疗应包括以下几方面：（1）去除病因；（2）中止肺损伤；（3）减轻肺水肿；（4）改善通气／血流比值失调；（5）保证组织氧供；（6）减少并发症；（7）修复肺损伤；（8）缩短病程。尽管目前机械通气可提高抢救成功率，但是尚无有效的方法中止ARDS的炎症性肺损伤，所以每年仅美国死于ARDS的患者数即达6万左右，估计中国可能有20～30余万，因为上海市ARDS协作组调查结果表明2001年3月至2002年2月ARDS死亡率达71．8％。因此，近年随着血液净化技术的进步，又重新引发了用连续性血液净化（CBP）治疗ARDS的兴趣。
导致家族性局灶节段性肾小球硬化新基因——TRPC6

蛋白尿是肾脏疾病最常见的临床症状之一。近年来，Nephrin、Podocin、CD2AP和α-actinin-4等重要足细胞结构蛋白和细胞骨架分子的确立，为肾小球性蛋白尿发生机制的研究提供了新的思路。然而，由于蛋白尿临床病理以及遗传背景的异质性，其发生机制尤其是分子机制仍未完全阐明。2005年，Winn和Reiser研究组又确定了一个导致家族性局灶节段性肾小球硬化（FSGS）的基因——TRPC6，其编码蛋白瞬时受体电位阳离子通道蛋白（transient receptor potential cation channel 6，TRPC6）是一个非选择性阳离子通道，新近发现其在足细胞也有表达，而且和裂孔隔膜分子Nephrin以及Podocin间存在相互作用，这一发现将足细胞结构蛋白和离子通道联系起来，丰富了足细胞分子网络，拓宽了对肾小球性蛋白尿发生机制的认识。因此，认识该基因、筛查可能存在的突变以及进一步研究该基因的功能将对探讨蛋白尿发生的分子机制以及防治蛋白尿具有新的意义。本文着重介绍TRPC6突变致家族性FSGS，同时对TRPC6在肾脏疾病领域的研究也作一概述。
中华医学会2005年全国精神病学学术会议纪要

中华医学会精神病学分会2005年全国精神病学学术会议于2005年10月12-14日在素有“九省通衢”的武汉市隆重召开。有来自全国1000余名代表参加。会议共收到论文812篇，其中大会发言14篇，专题发言101篇，书面交流707篇。大会交流内容涉及精神病学的实验室研究、影像学研究、心理评估、综合医院精神卫生问题研究和流行病学研究等方面。专题会议11个，包括生物精神病学、精神药理学、精神分裂症、情感性精神障碍（以下简称情感障碍）、儿童精神病学、老年精神病学、焦虑谱系障碍、心理卫生、社会精神病学、文化相关精神障碍和物质依赖等领域。其中生物精神病学和精神药理学的论文最多，表明生物精神病学和精神药理学仍是精神病学研究的重点和热点。本次会议形式多样，内容丰富。
腓肠神经营养血管皮瓣逆行修复小腿及足部软组织缺损

目的 报道应用腓肠神经营养血管皮瓣治疗小腿及足部皮肤软组织缺损的临床效果。方法 应用腓肠神经营养血管皮瓣治疗小腿、足部皮肤软组织缺损17例，切取皮瓣面积最大8cm×11cm，最小5cm×6cm。结果 术后皮瓣全部成活，随访10个月～3年，功能良好，外形满意。结论 腓肠神经营养血管皮瓣血运良好，手术操作简便、安全，可有效地修复小腿及足部皮肤软组织缺损。
手部肌腱及神经损伤的显微外科修复

目的 探讨手部肌腱、神经损伤的急诊显微外科修复的的临床疗效及其意义。方法 回顾性分析急诊显微外科修复的261例手部肌腱、神经损伤临床资料。其中，肌腱修复225例，神经修复36例。结果 手部的功能良好，肌腱活动正常，感觉良好。功能评定优良率为88．1％。结论 手部肌腱、神经损伤后早期高质量的显微外科修复，术后早期积极的功能康复治疗，是提高临床疗效的重要保证。
带旋髂深动脉蒂的髂骨皮瓣修复前臂骨与软组织缺损一例

患者女，35岁，因车祸致右前臂尺、桡骨开放粉碎性骨折，行急诊清创、钢板内固定，术后伤口出现红肿、疼痛、流脓，经抗感染治疗未愈，转为慢性骨髓炎伴骨外露，右前臂前侧皮肤与软组织缺损，大段骨外露、骨坏死，掌侧软组织无缺损，但有较多瘢痕，未探及桡动脉搏动，左手屈指功能存在，伸指、伸腕功能丧失。彻底清创，摘除已游离的尺、桡骨大段死骨分别长5cm、6cm。根据前臂骨与软组织缺损范围，在同侧设计以旋髂深动脉为蒂的髂骨皮瓣6cm×20cm，髂骨需取3cm×6cm。根据旋髂深动脉的走行特点，设计手术切口，切口自髂棘中点内缘，沿髂棘至腹股沟韧带中点，作髂棘至腹股沟韧带中点弧形切口，显露髂棘、腹外斜肌及腹股沟韧带。定位股动脉搏动的位置，将部分腹肌自腹股沟韧带上切下，为了便于操作，暂时切断腹股沟韧带，显露股动脉及旋髂深动脉。沿旋髂深动脉由近而远解剖血管，确认进入髂骨的终支后，结扎、切断进入腹肌的升支。沿终支血管切断三层腹肌，向内拉开已切断的腹肌，在旋髂深动脉下方，切开髂骨内侧面骨膜，并向下行骨膜下剥离，按骨缺损的大小显露髂骨内板，在内侧将皮肤与皮下组织缝合，防止切取髂骨皮瓣时因牵拉引起皮肤与髂骨分离。
成体干细胞临床应用的研究进展

成体干细胞是一类具有自我更新能力和多向分化潜能的细胞，其“可塑性”的特性在组织和器官损伤修复的临床应用中发挥了重要作用。自体骨髓干细胞移植治疗缺血性心脏病和心肌梗死安全而有效，自体骨骼肌来源的干细胞心肌内注射治疗心肌梗死也有较好疗效；外伤引起的中枢神经系统损伤采用间充质干细胞（MSC）移植治疗，术后症状均有改善；对于眼表面疾病患者来说，自体角膜缘干细胞移植是简单而有效的重建角膜表面和明显提高有效视力的治疗方法；来源于骨髓的成骨祖细胞，在体外生物陶瓷支架上生长扩增后移植于骨损伤部位能显著提高大段骨损伤的治疗效果。有证据显示皮肤和人吸脂术后的脂肪组织内有类似于MSC的多功能干细胞，具有临床应用的良好前景。
红芽芋无公害高产栽培技术

红芽芋属天南星科草本植物.按种芽的颜色可分为红芽芋、白荷芋和紫荷芋3个品种.红芽芋是上饶著名土特产,品质风味居芋类之首,其独特之处是芽红、肉质白色、易煮烂,煮熟后肉质细致松滑、味甘可口,而且淀粉含量高、含粗蛋白质和各种维生素.是上饶市外销的主要优质蔬菜之一,产品销售到上海、杭州、广州等地,有较高的声誉.2004年铅山、广丰、玉山和上饶等县种植面积达6 666.7hm^2,产量3.0万～4.5万kg/hm^2,经济收入4.5万～7.5万元/hm^2,效益可观,种植优质无公害红芽芋已成为农村发展特色经济,农业增收的主要产业.
密度对山区水稻免耕高桩抛秧栽培的影响

不同密度不同耕作方式下的水稻叶片特性、干物质积累、分配及产量的研究表明：两种耕作方式下以高密度处理的叶面积指数最高,叶面积比率和比叶面积以中密度处理较高.随密度增加日产干重增大,水稻生长后期日产干重略低于对照.整个生育期中,干物质在茎鞘和叶片的分配呈下降趋势,在后期以中密度分配最高,穗中的分配以低密度最高.中、低密度下的结实率、实粒数高于高密度,免耕高桩抛秧高密度处理的产量最高.因此,增加抛栽密度有利于免耕高桩抛秧稻产量的提高.
施氮方式对糯玉米鲜穗产量及子粒营养品质的影响

大田条件下,以4个糯玉米品种为试验材料,在等量施氮基础上,研究了不同施氮方式对糯玉米在最适采收期的鲜穗产量及子粒营养品质的影响.结果表明：施氮方式对糯玉米适宜采收期的影响不明显,对鲜穗产量及子粒中主要营养组分含量的影响显著.氮肥分基肥和拔节肥（NF2）2次施入有利于提高子粒淀粉和可溶性糖含量,改善食味品质;氮肥分基肥和抽雄肥（NF3）2次施入,不仅可以提高鲜穗产量,而且可提高子粒蛋白质和赖氨酸含量,有利于改善营养品质.
国审小麦新品种“阜麦936”的选育及栽培技术

阜麦936是安徽省阜阳市农科所于1993年以（皖麦20×冀麦5418）F1为母本,内乡184为父本进行复合杂交,经系谱法选育而成.2005年8月通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定.
同葵杂1号高产栽培技术

向日葵是世界5大经济作物之一,具有耐盐碱、耐干旱、耐瘠薄的特性.山西省有相当一部分干旱瘠薄低产田及盐碱地,因而向日葵在山西省农业生产上占有重要地位.我国从20世纪70年代开展向日葵杂优利用研究,并开始利用杂交种.但食用向日葵杂交种仍然存在许多不足,农业生产上仍沿用常规农家种,产量低而不稳,选育优质、高产食用向日葵杂交种成为当务之急.同葵杂1号就是根据目前农业生产的要求选育出的新品种.
抗草甘膦转基因大豆生物安全性综述

抗草甘膦转基因大豆目前在转基因作物中占据主导地位,对国内外抗草甘膦转基因大豆的发展现状和存在的安全性问题进行了分析和探讨;介绍了草甘膦和抗草甘膦转基因大豆的作用机制,对抗草甘膦转基因大豆的基因逃逸、产生超级杂草的可能性以及对生物多样性和对土壤微生物的影响等生物安全性方面的问题进行了讨论.同时,还对抗草甘膦转基因大豆能否在我国种植提出了看法和建议.
Temporal-spatial distribution and variability of cadmium contamination in soils in Shenyang Zhangshi irrigation area, China

Heavy metal contamination in soils has been of wide concern in China in the last several decades. The heavy metal contamination was caused by sewage irrigation, mining and inappropriate utilization of various agrochemicals and pesticides and so on. The Shenyang Zhangshi irrigation area (SZIA) in China is a representative area of heavy metal contamination of soils resulting from sewage irrigation for about 30 years duration. This study investigated the spatial distribution and temporal variation of soil cadmium contamination in the SZIA. The soil samples were collected from the SZIA in 1990 and 2004; Cd of soils was analyzed and then the spatial distribution and temporal variation of Cd in soils was modelled using kriging methods. The kriging map showed that long-term sewage irrigation had caused serious Cd contamination in topsoil and subsoil. In 2004, the Cd mean concentrations were 1.698 and 0.741 mg/kg, and the maxima 10.150 and 7.567 mg/kg in topsoils (0-20 cm) and subsoils (20-40 cm) respectively. These values are markedly more than the Cd levels in the second grade soil standard (LSGSS) in China (GB15618-1995). In 1990, the Cd means were 1.023 and 0.331 mg/kg, and the maxima 9.400 and 3.156 mg/kg, in topsoils and subsoils respectively. The soil area in 1990 with Cd more than 1.5 mg/kg was 2701 and 206.4 hm2 in topsoils and subsoils respectively; and in 2004, 7592 and 1583 hm~2. Compared with soils Cd levels in 1990, the mean and the maximum concentration of Cd, as well as the soil area with Cd more than 1.5 Mg/kg had all increased in 2004, whether in topsoils or in subsoils.
Evaluation of genotoxicity of combined soil pollution by cadmium and phenanthrene on earthworm

The DNA-damaging effects of the combined pollution of heavy metal and organic contamination on earthworms were evaluated by single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) assay. Earthworms Eisenia Andrei were exposed to single or combined test compounds in different doses of cadmium (Cd) 5, 10, 50 mg/kg and phenanthrene (Phe) 0.5, 2.5, 12.5 mg/kg with a treatment of 14 d. In SCGE assay, isolated coelomcytes and electrophoresis were employed to determine DNA damage degree after a 14 d treatment by test compounds. The results showed that there was significant statistical difference between earthworms treated with Cd combined Phe with them treated alone with Cd or Phe. The Olive tail moment (OTM) of SCGE assay using earthworm coelomcytes appears to be a sensitive biomarker for evaluating exposure to genotoxic compounds. These tests also revealed that the interaction between Cd and Phe to DNA damaging effects was negative, and was strongly dependent on the concentration of pollution. This study corresponds to exploratory phase in order to reveal interaction effects of heavy metal and organic contamination on earthworms and then to set up more in-depth analysis to increase progressively the understanding of the genotoxicity mechanisms involved.d
Preparation and characterization of Fe_2O_3-CeO_2-TiO_2/γ-Al_2O_3 catalyst for degradation dye wastewater

In order to develop a catalyst with high activity for catalytic wet oxidation (CWO) process at mild temperature and atmospheric pressure, Fe_2O_3-CeO_2-TiO_2/γ-Al_2O_3 catalyst was prepared by consecutive impregnation method and the prepared parameters were optimized. The structure of the prepared catalyst was characterized by BET, XRF, SEM and XPS technologies, and the actual wastewater was used to investigate the catalytic activity of Fe_2O_3-CeO_2-TiO_2/γ-Al_2O_3 in CWO process. The experimental results showed that the prepared catalyst exhibited good catalytic activity when the doping amount of Ti was 1.0 wt% (the weight ratio of Ti to carriers), and the middle product, CeO_2-TiO_2/γ-Al2O3, was calcined in 450℃ for 2 h. The CWO experiment for treating actual dye wastewater indicated that the COD, color and TOC of actual wastewater were decreased by 62.23%, 50.12% and 41.26% in 3 h, respectively, and ratio of BOD5/COD was increased from 0.19 to 0.30.
Risk assessment of heavy metals in soils and vegetables around non-ferrous metals mining and smelting sites, Baiyin, China

A field survey was conducted to investigate the metal and arsenic contamination in soils and vegetables on four villages (Shuichuan (SCH), Beiwan (BWA), Dongwan (DWA) and Wufe (WFE)) located along, Baiyin, China, and to evaluate the possible health risks to local population through foodchain. Results show that the most significantly contaminated soils occurred upstream at SCH where Cd, Cu and As concentrations exceeded maximum allowable concentrations for Chinese agricultural soil. Further downstream the degree of contamination semi-systematically decreased in concentrations of metal. Generally, the leafy vegetables were more heavily contaminated than non-leafy vegetables. Chinese cabbage is the most severely contaminated, the concentrations of Cd exceeded the maximum permit levels (0.05 mg/kg) by 4.5 times. Bio-accumulate factor (BAF) also shows that an entry of Cd to food chain plants is the greatest potential. Furthermore, the estimated daily intake amounts of the considered toxic elements (Cd, Pb and Cu) from the vegetables grown at SCH and BWA and DWA have exceeded the recommended dietary allowance levels. Thus, the vegetables grown in three villages above, which affected by Baiyin mining and smelting have a health hazard for human consumption.
Process of rice straw degradation and dynamic trend of pH by the microbial community MC1

The process of the rice straw degradation in the fermentor with aeration at 290 ml/h was studied. The results of dissolved oxygen (DO) indicated that the optimum DO during cellulose degradation by microbial community MC1 ranged from 0.01 to 0.12 mg/L. The change model of pH values was as follows: irrespective of the initial pH of the medium, pH values decreased rapidly to approximate 6.0 after being inoculated within 48 h when cellulose was strongly degraded, and then increased slowly to 8.0–9.0 until cellulose was degraded completely. During the degradation process, 15 kinds of organic compounds were checked out by GC-MS. Most of them were organic acids. Quantity analysis was carried out, and the maximum content compound was ethyl acetate which reached 13.56 g/L at the day 4. The cellulose degradation quantity and ratio analyses showed that less quantity (under batch fermentation conditions) and longer interval (under semi-fermentation conditions) of rice straw added to fermentation system were contributed to matching the change model of pH, and increasing the quantity and ratio of rice straw degradation during cellulose degrading process. The highest degradation ratio was observed under the condition of rice straw added one time every five days (under semi-fermentation conditions).
Flux enhancement during ultrafiltration of produced water using turbulence promoter

Concentration polarization and membrane fouling remain one of the major hurdles for the implementation of ultrafiltration of produced water. Although many applications for ultrafiltration were already suggested, only few were implemented on an industrial scale. Among those techniques, turbulence promoter can be more simple and effective in overcoming membrane fouling and enhancing membrane flux. As for the result that turbulence promoter increase fluid velocity and wall shear rates and produce secondary flows or instabilities. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of turbulence promoter on permeate flux during produced water ultrafiltration and the potential application of this arrangement for an industrial development. Experimental investigations were performed on 100 KDa molecular weight cut-off PVDF single-channel tubular membrane module using four kinds of turbulence promoters. It is observed that the significant flux enhancement in the range of 83%-164% is achieved while the hydraulic dissipated power per unit volume of permeate decreased from 31%-42%, which indicated that the using of turbulence promoter is more efficient than operation without the turbulence promoter. The effects of transmembrane pressure and cross-flow velocity with and without turbulence promoter were studied as well. Among the four kinds of turbulence promoters, winding inserts with 20.0 mm pitch and 1.0 mm wire diameter showed better performances than the others did.