mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Effect of Chaiqinchengqi decoction on inositol requiring enzyme 1α in alveolar macrophages of dogs with acute necrotising pancreatitis induced by sodium taurocholate

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Chaiqinchengqi decoction (CQCQD) on inositol requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α) in alveolar macrophages (AMs) of the dog model of acute necrotising pancreatitis (ANP) induced by sodium taurocholate. METHODS: Fifteen beagle dogs were randomised into a control group, ANP group and CQCQD group (n = 5 per group). ANP was induced by a retrograde duct injection of 50 mg/kg of 5% sodium taurocholate. The dogs in the control group received injections of the same volume of saline as the sodium taurocholate. After the models were induced, the dogs in the CQCQD group were administered 10 mL/kg CQCQD every 2 h for 6 h. Two hours after the last administration of either CQCQD or saline, they were sacrificed by anaesthesia. AMs were collected to determine the IRE1α and Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) mRNA and protein expression, and pancreatic tissues were collected for histopathology analysis. RESULTS: Compared with the ANP group, the mRNA and protein expression of IRE1α and the protein expression of IL-1β of AMs in the CQCQD group were significantly down-regulated, and the pancreatic histopathology score of the CQCQD group also was lower. There was no significant difference in the mRNA expression of IL-1β of AMs between the two groups. CONCLUSION: The CQCQD-induced down-regulation of the IL-1β protein expression may involve the down-regulation of the mRNA and protein expression of IRE1α in AMs.
Effect of Dongchongxiacao (Cordyceps) therapy on contrast-induced nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes and renal insufficiency undergoing coronary angiography

OBJECTIVE: To study the protective effects of Dongchongxiacao (Cordyceps) (DCXC) on contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients with type 2 diabetes and renal insufficiency undergoing coronary angiography. METHODS: A total of 120 patients with type 2 diabetes whose estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was ≤ 60 mL/min·1.73 m2, were divided randomly into three groups, basic treatment group (n = 41), standard DCXC therapy group (n = 39, 2-g corbrin capsules, 3 times/d, 3 days before and after angiography), and intensive DCXC therapy group (n = 40, 3-g corbrin capsules, 3 times/d, 3 days before and after angiography). Serum creatinine (Scr) and eGFR were assessed at the time of admission to hospital, and on days 1, 2 and 3 after angiography. Urine neutrophil-gelatinase-associated-lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) were measured before angiography and at day 1 after angiography for all patients. The primary end point was the prevalence of CIN. The secondary end point was a 25% or greater reduction in eGFR. RESULTS: CIN occurred in 11 of 120 patients (9.17 %). The prevalence of CIN was lower in the DCXC treatment groups than in the basic treatment group (P < 0.05), with a more significant decrease in the prevalence of CIN in the intensive DCXC therapy group (P < 0.01). Compared with the basic treatment group, a lower proportion of patients in the DCXC treatment groups had an eGFR decrease of 25% or greater (P < 0.05); patients with an eGFR decrease of 25% or greater accounted for an even lower proportion in the intensive DCXC therapy group (P < 0.01). Within 1 day of the procedure, urine levels of KIM-1, NGAL and IL-18 in patients in the intensive DCXC therapy group were lower than those in the basic treatment group and standard therapy group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: DCXC treatment may protect against CIN in patients with type 2 diabetes and renal insufficiency undergoing coronary angiography, with intensive DCXC therapy being more effective.
Comparative effect of electroacupuncture and moxibustion on the expression of substance P and vasoactive intestinal peptide in patients with irritable bowel syndrome

OBJECTIVE: To compare the impacts of electroacupuncture (EA) and moxibustion (Mox) on the primary gastrointestinal symptoms and the expressions of colonic mucosa-associated neuropeptide substance P (SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in patients with either diarrhea-predominant or constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D and IBS-C, respectively). METHODS: Eighty-five IBS patients were randomly allocated to the EA and Mox groups. Zusanli (ST 36) and Shangjuxu (ST 37) were selected as acupoints for electroacupuncture or warm moxibustion treatment once a day for 14 consecutive days. Before and after the treatment sessions, a Visual Analog Pain Scale and the Bristol Stool Form Scale were used to evaluate gastrointestinal symptoms. There were four dropout cases, leaving 81 participants (41 with IBS-D and 40 with IBS-C) who volunteered to undergo colonoscopy before and after the treatment sessions. During colonoscopy, sigmoid mucosa were collected to detect SP and VIP expression using immunohistochemistry assay. RESULTS: Both EA and Mox treatments were effective at relieving abdominal pain in IBS-D and IBS-C patients. However, Mox was more effective at reducing diarrhea in IBS-D patients, whereas EA was more effective at improving constipation in IBS-C patients. EA and Mox treatments both down-regulated the abnormally increased SP and VIP expression in the colonic mucosa, with no significant difference shown between the two treatments. CONCLUSION: Both EA and Mox treatments are effective at ameliorating gastrointestinal symptoms by reducing SP and VIP expression in the colonic mucosa of IBS patients.
A Co(II) Coordinated Polymer with 2-Fold Interpenetration 3D Architecture Based on 5-(Imidazol-1-ylmethyl)isophthalate: Hydrothermal Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Properties①

One cobalt coordinated polymer with 2-fold parallel interpenetration 3D architecture based on flexible 5-(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)isophthalate (L~(2-)) as a main ligand and 4,4'-bipyridine (bpy) as a nitrogen-containing ancillary ligand, {[CoL(bpy)_(0.5)(H_2O)_3]_2}_n (1), has been obtained under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by elemental analysis, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), IR spectra, Uv/vis spectra, thermal gravimetric analyses (TGA) and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It crystallizes in monoclinic, space group C2/c with a = 26.323(4), b = 14.696(2), c = 26.630(4) A, β = 157.747(4)°, V = 3901.2(1) A~3, Z = 8, Mr = 435.27, D_c = 1.480 g/cm~3, μ= 0.923 mm~(-1), R_(int) = 0.0900, F(000) = 1792, the final R= 0.0722 and wR = 0.0946 for 3641 observed reflections (I > 2σ(I)). Complex 1 exhibits a two-fold interpenetration 3D framework. As a single net of the 2-fold interpenetration structure, the L~(2-) anion of complex 1, as a bridging ligand, connects the Co(II) ion to form two-dimensional layers (Co_3L_3)_n which are further linked to build a three-dimensional framework by bpy ligand.
Synthesis and Structural Characterizations of a New Lithium Salt for Lithium-ion Batteries①

A novel crystal [(CH_3O)_2CO]_3Li_2[C_2BF_2O_4]_2 was synthesized and fully characterized by FT-IR and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. It crystallizes in monoclinic system, P2_1/n space group, with a = 8.1749(2), b = 10.7449(2), c = 12.8665(3) A, β = 94.654(2)°, V = 1126.45(4) A~3, Z = 2, D_c = 1.644 g/cm, F(000) = 568, μ = 1.498 mm~(-1), M_r = 557.77 g/mol, the final R = 0.0334 and wR = 0.0903. The structure analysis revealed that each Li atom is three-coordinated and adopts 1.5 O atoms of two different dimethyl carbonates and one O atom of C_2BF_2O_4~-. Thermal stability and infrared spectra analysis were studied and discussed.
Thermoelectric Properties of Ni-substituted Polycrystalline In_4Se_3

Thermoelectric (TE) materials can convert directly low-grade heat energy to electricity, and vice versa, which is highly expected to play an important role in the future energy management. The application practice demands efficient TE materials made of non-toxic and inexpensive components. Herein, we report a Ni substituted polycrystalline n-type bulk material In_(4-x)Ni_xSe_3 (x = 0~0.1). Based on density functional theory calculation, Ni tends to substitute at the In3 site in the In_4Se_3, which causes a monotonous unit cell volume reduction. At x = 0.01, Ni substitution results in a sharp decrease in the carrier concentration (n_e) in comparison with that of pure In_4Se_3, and then ne increases with the increase of Ni concentration. Ni substitution leads to a performance enhancement from 0.6 for pure In_4Se_3 to an optimum ZT value of 0.8 at 450 ℃.
Interactive response of photosynthetic characteristics in Haloxylon ammodendron and Hedysarum scoparium exposed to soil water and air vapor pressure deficits

C_4 plants possess better drought tolerance than C_3 plants. However, Hedysarum scoparium, a C_3 species, is dominant and widely distributed in the desert areas of northwestern China due to its strong drought tolerance. This study compared it with Haloxylon ammodendron, a C_4 species, regarding the interactive effects of drought stress and different leaf-air vapor pressure deficits. Variables of interest included gas exchange, the activity levels of key C_4 photosynthetic enzymes, and cellular anatomy. In both species, gas exchange parameters were more sensitive to high vapor pressure deficit than to strong water stress, and the net CO_2 assimilation rate (A_n) was enhanced as vapor pressure deficits increased. A close relationship between A_n and stomatal conductance (g_s) suggested that the species shared a similar response mechanism. In H. ammodendron, the activity levels of key C_4 enzymes were higher, including those of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-malate enzyme (NADP-ME), whereas in H. scoparium, the activity level of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-malate enzyme (NAD-ME) was higher. Meanwhile, H. scoparium utilized adaptive structural features, including a larger relative vessel area and a shorter distance from vein to stomata, which facilitated the movement of water. These findings implied that some C_4 biochemical pathways were present in H. scoparium to respond to environmental challenges.
测绘应急数据管理平台的设计与实现

在应对自然灾害等突发应急事件中,测绘行业采集了大量的应急数据,但日积月累的应急数据种类繁多,且较分散,缺乏统一的维护管理。本文研究设计了测绘应急数据管理平台,实现了数据库中应急数据的快速查询、检索、浏览、提取与服务等功能,对应急数据进行了规范化、全过程的管理,为突发事件应急指挥、灾情趋势分析、灾情事件回溯等提供了坚实可靠的数据基础。
机载LiDAR 支持下的铁路地目二三维一体化管理系统

综合利用机载LiDAR点云数据和航空影像提取铁路轨道及铁路附属设施等铁路专题信息,研究制定了铁路数据标准,设计建立了铁路专题符号库,并与基础地理信息进行重组、整合及服务发布,构建了权威、统一和通用的铁路地理信息公共平台,为铁路各部门信息化建设提供网络地理信息服务。在此基础上,利用面向对象和组件化的设计思想研发了“铁路地目二三维一体化管理系统”,并建立二三维对照动态符号模型库,设计并实现了指定区域断面自动生成与土方量计算、铁路宗地与地籍档案管理等功能,为铁路勘测设计、线路改造、资产清查、应急抢险指挥决策等提供了可靠的服务保障。
施工控制与碎部测量同步实施方案及其应用

GNSS技术已经广泛应用于工程测绘。对于线形工程,其特点是工程区域长宽比大、线路长而工作面窄,利用GNNS技术常规方案进行测绘,外业时效低而成本高。本文提出了一种施工控制与碎部测量同步实施方案,在充分利用人力、物力的基础上节省时间,对有序安排作业、保证数据质量、提高工程效率和经济效益具有积极意义。该方案在宁夏昌、滂渠测绘工程中得到应用,提高外业时效达22%,节约了外业成本。
PCI gxl与ERDAS Imagine在西部地理国情普查DOM生产中的对比研究

PCI gxl和ERDAS Imagine是目前数字正射影像(DOM)生产中常用的应用软件。本文通过西部地理国情普查DOM的生产,对两种软件平台进行了详细的生产技术对比和细节分析,总结阐述了两者在生产中的实际应用情况,以为类似困难地区的DOM生产提供借鉴。
Rice Husk Templated Mesoporous ZnO Nanostructures for Ethanol Sensing at Room Temperature

Mesoporous zinc oxide nanostructures are successfully synthesized via the sol-gel route by using a rice husk as the template for ethanol sensing at room temperature. The structure and morphology of the nanostructures are characterized by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption analyses. The mechanism for the growth of zinc oxide nanostructures over the biotemplate is proposed. SEM and TEM observations also reveal the formation of spherical zinc oxide nanoparticles over the interwoven fibrous network. Multiple sized pores having pore diameter ranging from 10-40nm is also evidenced from the pore size distribution plot. The larger surface area and porous nature of the material lead to high sensitivity (40.93% for 300 ppm of ethanol), quick response (42 s) and recovery (40 s) towards ethanol at 300 K. The porous nature of the interwoven fibre-like network affords mass transportation of ethanol vapor, which results in faster surface accessibility, and hence it acts as a potential candidate for ethanol sensing at room temperature.
Time-Resolved Measurements of the Adsorption/Desorption of Rb Atoms on Octadecyltrichlorosilane Coated Surfaces

We carry out the first time-resolved measurement of Rb atoms desorbing from octadecyltrichlorosilane coated surfaces by polarizing the atoms near the surface using an evanescent wave pump pulse and watching the subsequent intensity change of another evanescent wave probe beam, and find the mean adsorption (dwell) time to be about 400 ns at a cell body temperature of 112°C. The adsorption energy is found to be 0.19 eV from the surface temperature dependence of the adsorption time. This method can be extended to study the adsorption/desorption process of other alkali atoms on other surfaces of transparent substrates with an ultimate time resolution limited by the flight time of atoms in the evanescent wave which is of the order of nanoseconds.
A Novel Method of Fabricating Flexible Transparent Conductive Large Area Graphene Film

We fabricate flexible conductive and transparent graphene films on position-emission-tomography substrates and prepare large area graphene films by graphite oxide sheets with the new technical process. The multi-layer graphene oxide sheets can be chemically reduced by HNO_3 and HI to form a highly conductive graphene film on a substrate at lower temperature. The reduced graphene oxide sheets show a high conductivity sheet with resistance of 476Ω/sq and transmittance of 76% at 550nm (6 layers). The technique used to produce the transparent conductive graphene thin film is facile, inexpensive, and can be tunable for a large area production applied for electronics or touch screens.
Newly-simplified method for hydrauli design of micro-irrigation laterals based on emission uniformity

An analytical approach was developed to design a single uniformly sloping lateral in the micro-irrigation systems.Emission uniformity was used as the water application uniformity criterion.Energy relations based on the energy-gradient-line approach were revamped to account for the spatial variance of emitter outflow and the emitter connections local energy losses.Four pressure head grade line profiles were distinguished:uphill,horizontal,gentle downhill and steep downhill.Analytical expressions of emission uniformity by hydraulic variation for each pressure profile were developed based on the design variables:length and diameter of lateral,emitter spacing,emitter flow equation parameters,equivalent length characterizing local losses and ground slope.The design conditions for selecting emitter type,the number of emitters per plant and designing the diameter of the uphill and steep downhill laterals were also developed.The nonlinear equations for determining lateral diameter and lateral length were solved iteratively by using the built-in root-finding function of(Tools>Goal Seek…)in the calculation spreadsheet of Microsoft Excel.The procedures also provide the options to fix the design lateral diameter with the commercial standard size or fix the design lateral length based on the field size.The operating inlet pressure and maximum amplitude of the pressure head throughout the lateral could also be determined easily by the procedure.Two numerical applications with various slope combinations indicate that the proposed analytical approach produces results close to the accurate stepwise numerical solutions.In comparison with Keller method,the proposed approach could produce more appropriate designs.
Effects of sample dimensions and shapes on measuring soil-water characteristic curves using pressure plate

It is well known that soilewater characteristic curve(SWCC) plays an important role in unsaturated soil mechanics, but the measurement of SWCC is inconvenient. In laboratory it requires days of testing time.For fine-grained clays, it may last for a couple of months using pressure plate tests. In this study, the effects of sample dimensions and shapes on the balance time of measuring SWCCs using pressure plate tests and the shape of SWCCs are investigated. It can be found that the sample dimensions and shapes have apparent influence on the balance time. The testing durations for circular samples with smaller diameters and annular samples with larger contact area are significantly shortened. However, there is little effect of sample dimensions and shapes on the shape of SWCCs. Its mechanism is explored and discussed in details through analysing the principle of pressure plate tests and microstructure of the sample. Based on the above findings, it is found that the circular samples with smaller dimensions can accelerate the testing duration of SWCC using the pressure plate.
The use of point load test for Dubai weak calcareous sandstones

Intact rock is typically described according to its uniaxial compressive strength(UCS). The UCS is needed in the design of geotechnical engineering problems including stability of rock slopes and design of shallow and deep foundations resting on and/or in rocks. Accordingly, a correct measurement/evaluation of the UCS is essential to a safe and economic design. Typically, the UCS is measured using the unconfined compression tests performed on cylindrical intact specimens with a minimum length to width ratio of 2. In several cases, especially for weak and very weak rocks, it is not possible to extract intact specimens with the needed minimum dimensions. Thus, alternative tests(e.g. point load test, Schmidt hammer) are used to measure rock strength. The UCS is computed based on the results of these tests through empirical correlations. The literature includes a plethora of these correlations that vary widely in estimating rock strength. Thus, it is paramount to validate these correlations to check their suitability for estimating rock strength for a specific location and geology. A review of the available correlations used to estimate the UCS from the point load test results is performed and summarized herein. Results of UCS, point load strength index and Young’s modulus are gathered for calcareous sandstone specimens extracted from the Dubai area. A correlation for estimating the UCS from the point load strength index is proposed. Furthermore, the Young’s modulus is correlated to the UCS.
Rock Engineering Risk

The invaluable book reports the outcome of the work of the Commission on Design Methodology of the International Society for Rock Mechanics (ISRM) in the ISRM’s 2011e2015 term of office during which Professor John Hudson acted as Commission President while Professor Xia-Ting Feng served as ISRM President. It provides a sequel to the authors’ previous book, Rock Engineering Design (Feng and Hudson, 2011), which reported the work of the Commission in the ISRM’s 2007e2011 term of office when Professor Feng acted as Commission President and Professor Hudson served as ISRM President. It is also the first volume in the newly established ISRM Book Series published by CRC Press/Balkema of the Taylor & Francis Group, an initiative taken during Professor Feng’s recent term of office as ISRM President.
肿瘤坏死因子-α与种植体周围炎炎性骨吸收

微生物因素被认为是种植体周围炎的主要病因学因素。当病原微生物及其产物与宿主细胞相互作用产生一系列的促炎和抗炎细胞因子来调控炎症反应和免疫应答,局部的促炎和抗炎细胞因子失衡,促进种植体周围炎发生发展,促炎因子的过度表达引起炎症的失调是导致种植体周围骨质的破坏、吸收的重要因素之一。TNF-α是一种单核/巨噬细胞分泌的促炎细胞因子,有促进破骨细胞分化抑制成骨细胞分化的功能,是种植体周围炎骨吸收的重要介导因子。本文将对TNF-α在种植体周围炎中作用及介导的骨吸收机制做一综述。
通心络对高脂饮食喂养大鼠糖脂代谢的影响

肥胖常并发糖脂代谢紊乱等疾病,体脂堆积引起的代谢紊乱严重影响人类健康。通心络胶囊由人参、水蛭等中药组成,具有益气活血的功效,研究报道通心络胶囊具有调节大鼠血脂的作用,本研究观察通心络对高脂饮食喂养大鼠糖脂代谢及糖脂代谢相关蛋白的影响,以探讨其调节糖脂代谢的相关机制。
对《中国药典》2010年版一部含香附制剂质量控制的探讨

对《中国药典》2010年版一部含香附的86种制剂的质量控制情况进行分析,发现只有50种制剂对香附进行了鉴别,仅有1种制剂对香附进行了成分定量测定。而通过文献检索和实验研究发现,对其他制剂进行香附的鉴别和成分定量测定具有可行性。有鉴于此,本文从完善质量控制项目、增加质量控制品种、调整香附制剂种类等方面为《中国药典》2010年版一部的修订提出了一些建议。
补中益气汤临床应用方证相关的病机探讨

补中益气汤被誉为中医八大名方之一,是李东垣研究脾胃学说的代表之方,临床应用广泛,可用于多种疾病的治疗,疗效卓著,一直受到历代医家的推崇。然而纵观文献报道关于此方的临床运用多以罗列病例为主,缺乏对本方主治的方证相关病机的深入探讨,对临床正确使用本方的指导意义不大。本文主要通过补中益气汤有效临床病例举证,并结合中医学尤其是方剂学配伍理论,对本方临床主治的方证相关病机进行探讨,使临床医生能够更透彻、更深入地理解本方、正确运用本方,有利于以方名证、以方解证、依证用方。
类叶升麻苷对缺糖缺氧诱导PC12细胞损伤的保作用

目的观察类叶升麻苷对连二亚硫酸钠致PC12细胞缺糖缺氧损伤的保护作用。方法以1 mmol/L连二亚硫酸钠诱导PC12细胞建立缺糖缺氧损伤模型,然后以0.1、1、10、100 μmol/L的类叶升麻苷拮抗其作用。倒置显微镜观察PC12细胞形态学变化,MTT比色法测定细胞存活率,化学比色法测定细胞内乙酰胆碱(Ach)水平、乙酰胆碱转移酶(ChAT)及乙酰胆碱酯酶(TChE)活性。结果采用缺糖缺氧损伤PC12细胞后,Ach水平、ChAT活力均降低;与不同浓度的类叶升麻苷(0.1、1、10、100μmol/L)共孵育24 h后,各类叶升麻苷给药组均可提高Ach水平及ChAT活力,而TChE活力无明显变化。结论类叶升麻苷对连二亚硫酸钠联合无糖培养液造成PC12细胞缺糖缺氧损伤具有显著的保护作用,其机制可能与提高ChAT活性进而增加Ach水平有关。
点按、针刺及水针注射对治疗筋膜痛的疗效机制

遴选临床上具有代表性的胸锁乳突肌、斜方肌、臀中肌筋膜痛患者为本研究的对象。90例临床观察病例均来自本院骨科。按随机化分组原则,将纳入研究的患者不分病种,按进入研究的时间先后顺序随机分为点按治疗组、针刺组和水针治疗组,每组30例。3组患者一般资料比较差异无显著性意义(表1)。
脉冲整脊技术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效观察

目的:观察脉冲整脊技术对腰椎间盘突出症的疗效。方法:选取符合入选条件的腰椎间盘突出症患者30例,随机分为观察组(15例)和对照组(15例)。两组患者均接受常规康复治疗,包括物理因子治疗、手法和运动疗法,观察组患者在常规康复治疗基础上使用脉冲整脊技术进行矫正。分别评估治疗前、治疗2周和4周后患者的视觉模拟评分(VAS)、腰椎活动度和Oswestry功能障碍指数问卷得分。结果:经过4周治疗,两组患者的VAS、腰椎活动度和Oswestry功能障碍指数问卷得分与治疗前相比均有明显改善,且观察组明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:常规康复治疗联合脉冲整脊技术对腰椎间盘突出症的疗效更显著。
自体CIK细胞治疗晚期乳腺癌致毛细血管渗漏综合征一例

毛细血管渗漏综合征(capillary leak syndrome, CLS)是以低血压、低蛋白血症和全身水肿为主要表现的临床综合征,CLS患者通常病情危重,严重时可致心、肺及肾等多器官功能衰竭,病死率较高。引起CLS的病因较多,而自体细胞因子诱导的杀伤(cytokine-induced killer,CIK)细胞回输导致CLS,国内鲜有报道。为提高对该严重并发症的认识,现将我科诊治的1例晚期乳腺癌患者经自体CIK细胞治疗后出现CLS的诊治过程报告如下。
Crystal Structures of GUN4 in Complex with Porphyrins

GUN4 is a porphyrin-binding protein involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis regulation and intracellular signaling (Larkin et al., 2003). It directly interacts with the catalytic subunit of magnesium chelatase, a branch-point enzyme for the chlorophyll biosynthetic pathway from heme synthesis (Tanaka and Tanaka, 2007). GUN4 can bind to both the substrate and the product of the chelation reaction, protoporphyrin IX (P_(IX)) and magnesium protoporphyrin IX (MgP_(IX)); the latter participates in plastid-tonucleus retrograde signaling (Nott et al., 2006). GUN4 can also bind to heme and cobalt protoporphyrin IX (CoP_(IX)) (Adhikari et al., 2009). With such a low ligand selectivity for porphyrins, GUN4 is suggested to protect plants from reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated damage by shielding photosensitizing ligands (Adhikari et al., 2011).
GeneCloud Reveals Semantic Enrichment in Lists of Gene Descriptions

Revealing the over-represented functions in a particular gene list is a particular important post-genomic challenge. Genome-wide investigations generate gene lists from which meaningful information has to be extracted. This information is key to orient in planta investigations and to define the biological significance of genome-wide reprogramming. Here we describe the development and use of the GeneCloud algorithm, which retrieves the over-represented semantic terms in the description of a gene list. We demonstrate that GeneCloud can pinpoint key features in lists of genes equivalent to Gene Ontology (GO) annotation functional enrichment and can provide several new insights. This tool has been embodied in a web interface available at https://www.m2sb.org and works for Arabidopsis and rice.