mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
The development and application of a multiplex short tandem repeat (STR) system for identifying subspecies, individuals and sex in tigers

Poaching and trans-boundary trafficking of tigers and body parts are threatening the world’s last remaining wild tigers. Development of an efficient molecular genetic assay for tracing the origins of confiscated specimens will assist in law enforcement and wildlife forensics for this iconic flagship species. We developed a multiplex genotyping system “tigrisPlex” to simultaneously assess 22 short tandem repeat (STR, or microsatellite) loci and a gender-identifying SRY gene, all amplified in 4 reactions using as little as 1 ng of template DNA. With DNA samples used for between-run calibration, the system generates STR genotypes that are directly compatible with voucher tiger subspecies genetic profiles, hence making it possible to identify subspecies via bi-parentally inherited markers. We applied “tigrisPlex” to 12 confiscated specimens from Russia and identified 6 individuals (3 females and 3 males), each represented by duplicated samples and all designated as Amur tigers (Panthera tigris altaica) with high confidence. This STR multiplex system can serve as an effective and versatile approach for genetic profiling of both wild and captive tigers as well as confiscated tiger products, fulfilling various conservation needs for identifying the origins of tiger samples.
On the relationship between hypsodonty and longevity in Myotragus balearicus-A comment on van der Geer (2014)

In a recent paper published in a special issue of Integrative Zoology on ‘Paleontology and evolution-part I.’(Palombo 2014), the author (van der Geer 2014) takes a review of the derived traits observed in endemic fossil insular mammals, including body size variation, cranial and postcranial changes, and modifications in dentition. At one point in the discussion, the author misinterprets and seriously distorts statements by Jordana et al. (2012) on the relationship between hypsodonty and longevity in the fossil insular bovid Myotragus balearicus Bate, 1909. Because van der Geer (2014) is intended as a comprehensive overview on general patterns and the adaptive value of derived traits in lineages of insular mammals, a clarification of these misunderstandings is absolutely necessary.
Effects of short photoperiod on energy intake, thermogenesis, and reproduction in desert hamsters (Phodopus roborovskii)

Desert hamsters (Phodopus roborovskii) are the least known species in the genus Phodopus with respect to ecology and physiology, and deserve scientific attention, particularly because of their small body size. Here, the responses of energy metabolism and reproductive function to short photoperiods in desert hamsters were investigated. Male and female desert hamsters were acclimated to either long day (LD) (L:D 16:8 h) or short day (SD) photoperiods (L:D 8:16 h) for three months, and then the females were transferred back to an LD photoperiod for a further five months, while at the end of the SD acclimation the males were killed and measurements were taken for serum leptin as well as molecular markers for thermogenesis. We found that like the other two species from the genus Phodopus, the desert hamsters under SD decreased body mass, increased adaptive thermogenesis as indicated by elevated mitochondrial protein content and uncoupling protein-1 content in brown adipose tissue, and suppressed reproduction compared to those under LD. However, different from the other two species, desert hamsters did not show any differences in energy intake or serum leptin concentration between LD and SD. These data suggest that different species from the same genus respond in different ways to the environmental signals, and the desert adapted species are not as sensitive to change in photoperiod as the other two species.
Bats as the main prey of wintering long-eared owl (Asio otus) in Beijing: Integrating biodiversity protection and urban management

The loss of biodiversity from urbanized areas is a major environmental problem challenging policy-makers throughout the world. Solutions to this problem are urgently required in China. We carried out a case study of wintering long-eared owls (Asio otus) and their main prey to illustrate the negative effects of urbanization combined with ineffective conservation of biodiversity in Beijing. Field monitoring of owl numbers at two roosting sites from 2004 to 2012 showed that the owl population had fallen rapidly in metropolitan Beijing. Analysis of pellet contents identified only seven individuals of two species of shrew. The majority of mammalian prey comprised four bat and seven rodent species, making up 29.3% and 29.5% of the prey items, respectively. Prey composition varied significantly among years at the two sample sites. At the urban site the consumption of bats and rodents declined gradually over time, while predation on birds increased. In contrast, at the suburban site the prey composition showed an overall decrease in the number of bats, a sharp increase and a subsequent decrease in bird prey, and the number of rodent prey fell to a low point. Rapid development of real estate and inadequate greenfield management in city parks resulted in negative effects on the bird and small mammal habitat of urban areas in Beijing. We suggest that measures to conserve biodiversity should be integrated into future urban planning to maintain China's rich biodiversity while also achieving sustainable economic development.
Neural basis of the stress response in a pufferfish, Takifugu obscurus

When faced with danger, pufferfish react with both a fast-start escape response and inflation behavior. The neural basis of these stress responses in the pufferfish has not been described. The present study reveals that during inflation behavior, the buccal cavity expands and compresses as a pump to control the direction of water flow and draws water in and out. The inflation involves a series of major anatomical modifications of the head. The greatly enlarged first branchiostegal ray and its associated hyohyoideus abductor muscle are the key mechanisms responsible for this behavior. The nerve branch innervating the hyohyoideus abductor muscle is highly developed, and its central origin at the motor nucleus of the VIIth cranial nerve was revealed by tract-tracing using the carbocyanine dye DiI. The central connections from its origin were found to be several motor nuclei in the medulla and the spinal cord, the nuclei of cranial nerve III and IV in the mesencephalon, and the pretectalis superficialis and periventricular preoptic nuclei in the diencephalon. Both the sympathetic cells and the parvocellular part of the periventricular preoptic nucleus might play a neuro-endocrine role in the rapid movement of the buccal cavity during puffing behavior in this species of pufferfish. The central circuit revealed by this study is hypothesized to mediate the C-start escape behavior and puffing behavior.
Analysis of spatio-temporal evolution of droughts in Luanhe River Basin using different drought indices

Based on the monthly precipitation and air temperature from 1960 to 1989 in the Luanhe River Basin, the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) and standardized precipitation index (SPI) at three- and six-month time scales and the self-calibrating Palmer drought severity index (sc-PDSI) were calculated to evaluate droughts in the study area. Temporal variations of the drought severity from 1960 to 1989 were analyzed and compared based on the results of different drought indices, and some typical drought events were identified. Spatial distributions of the drought severity according to the indices were also plotted and investigated. The results reveal the following: the performances of different drought indices are closely associated with the drought duration and the dominant factors of droughts; the SPEI is more accurate than the SPI when both evaporation and precipitation play important roles in drought events; the drought severity shown by the sc-PDSI is generally milder than the actual drought severity from 1960 to 1989; and the evolution of the droughts is usually delayed according to the sc- PDSI. This study provides valuable references for building drought early warning and mitigation systems in the Luanhe River Basin.
Numerical simulation of flow past twin near-wall circular cylinders in tandem arrangement at low Reynolds number

Fluid flow past twin circular cylinders in a tandem arrangement placed near a plane wall was investigated by means of numerical simulations. The two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations were solved with a three-step finite element method at a relatively low Reynolds number of Re ? 200 for various dimensionless ratios of 0.25 - G/D - 2.0 and 1.0 - L/D - 4.0, where D is the cylinder diameter, L is the center-to-center distance between the two cylinders, and G is the gap between the lowest surface of the twin cylinders and the plane wall. The influences of G/D and L/D on the hydrodynamic force coefficients, Strouhal numbers, and vortex shedding modes were examined. Three different vortex shedding modes of the near wake were identified according to the numerical results. It was found that the hydrodynamic force coefficients and vortex shedding modes are quite different with respect to various combinations of G/D and L/D. For very small values of G/D, the vortex shedding is completely suppressed, resulting in the root mean square (RMS) values of drag and lift coefficients of both cylinders and the Strouhal number for the downstream cylinder being almost zero. The mean drag coefficient of the upstream cylinder is larger than that of the downstream cylinder for the same combination of G/D and L/D. It is also observed that change in the vortex shedding modes leads to a significant increase in the RMS values of drag and lift coefficients.
最重要的是坚持

管好嘴,迈开腿;饭吃八成饱,日行万步路,吃动两平衡是促进健康、防病治病的最基本的生活方式治疗,是开启动脉粥样硬化性心血管病(atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease,ASCVD)乃至慢性非传染性疾病(noninfectious chronic disease,NCD)防控大门的金钥匙。糖尿病、肥胖以及代谢综合征是增加ASCVD及其死亡的最常见的重要流行因素,控制住这些因素的关键也是吃动两平衡。
氧化应激、激活蛋白1与老年高血压患者动脉弹性改变的关系及奥美沙坦干预的影响

目的观察老年原发性高血压(EH)患者氧化应激、激活蛋白1(AP-1)的变化与动脉弹性改变,并探讨三者之间关系以及奥美沙坦干预的影响。方法选择符合入选标准的老年EH患者178例和老年健康体检者136人,分别作为EH组和对照组。两组患者分别检测超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛、AP-1、空腹血糖、血尿酸、血脂和臂踝动脉脉搏波传导速度(baPWV)。随机选取122例老年EH患者给予奥美沙坦治疗12周(奥美沙坦组),剩余56例作为EH对照组,观察治疗前后血压、SOD、丙二醛、AP-1和baPWV的变化。结果与对照组相比,老年EH患者的SOD降低,丙二醛、AP-1和baPWV升高[分别为(66.5±10.5)比(78.8±13.4)kU/L,(5.6±1.3)比(4.5±1.3)μmol/L,(1.6±0.1)比(0.8±0.1),(1833±175)比(1721±181)cm/s(左baPWV),(1848±182)比(1743±176)cm/s(右baPWV);均P<0.01]。多元线性回归分析分别显示,收缩压、舒张压、年龄和空腹血糖是AP-1的独立影响因素。与治疗前相比,奥美沙坦升高SOD活性,降低血压、丙二醛和AP-1水平,并改善动脉弹性[AP-1:(1.2±0.3)比(1.7±0.4);左baPWV:(1691±179)比(1842±182)cm/s;右baPWV:(1697±170)比(1877±169)cm/s,均P<0.01]。结论老年高血压患者存在氧化应激和AP-1水平的升高,并与动脉弹性改变相关;奥美沙坦能升高SOD活性,降低丙二醛和AP-1水平,并改善动脉弹性。
Structural and functional connectivity in traumatic brain injury

Traumatic brain injury survivors often experience cognitive deficits and neuropsychiatric symptoms. However, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying specific impairments are not fully understood. Advances in neuroimaging techniques (such as diffusion tensor imaging and functional MRI) have given us new insights on structural and functional connectivity patterns of the human brain in both health and disease. The connectome derived from connectivity maps reflects the entire constellation of distributed brain networks. Using these powerful neuroimaging approaches, changes at the microstructural level can be detected through regional and global properties of neuronal networks. Here we will review recent developments in the study of brain network abnormalities in traumatic brain injury, mainly focusing on structural and functional connectivity. Some connectomic studies have provided interesting insights into the neurological dysfunction that occurs following traumatic brain injury. These techniques could eventually be helpful in developing imaging biomarkers of cognitive and neurobehavioral sequelae, as well as predicting outcome and prognosis.
Constraint-induced movement therapy promotes motor function recovery and downregulates phosphorylated extracellular regulated protein kinase expression in ischemic brain tissue of rats

Motor function impairment is a common outcome of stroke. Constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) involving intensive use of the impaired limb while restraining the unaffected limb is widely used to overcome the effects of ‘learned non-use' and improve limb function after stroke. However, the underlying mechanism of CIMT remains unclear. In the present study, rats were randomly divided into a middle cerebral artery occlusion (model) group, a CIMT + model (CIMT) group, or a sham group. Restriction of the affected limb by plaster cast was performed in the CIMT and sham groups. Compared with the model group, CIMT significantly improved the forelimb functional performance in rats. By western blot assay, the expression of phosphorylated extracellular regulated protein kinase in the bilateral cortex and hippocampi of cerebral ischemic rats in the CIMT group was significantly lower than that in the model group, and was similar to sham group levels. These data suggest that functional recovery after CIMT may be related to decreased expression of phosphorylated extracellular regulated protein kinase in the bilateral cortex and hippocampi.
Self-healing hydrogel for tissue repair in the central nervous system

Neurological disorders are diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems. These disorders include Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, brain tumor, and cerebrovascular diseases (stroke, migraine and other headache disorders, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and neuroinfections). Hundreds of millions of people worldwide are affected by neurological disorders. Approximately 6.2 million people die because of stroke each year; over 80% of deaths take place in low- and middle-income countries. More than 50 million people worldwide have epilepsy. It is estimated that there are globally 35.6 million people with dementia with 7.7 million new cases every year. Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia and may contribute to 60–70% of cases. The prevalence of migraine is more than 10% worldwide. Therefore, repairing the damaged nervous system is one of the greatest challenges in medicine. Damage to the peripheral nervous system (PNS) can lead to the loss of sensation, motor function, and muscle weakness, but the PNS is capable of significant spontaneous regeneration and in many cases some function can be restored. In contrast, neuronal regeneration following damage to the central nervous system (CNS) is generally unsuccessful and the injuries of CNS can cause permanent paralysis and loss of sensation. Therefore, CNS injuries present significant therapeutic challenges. Current clinical options for CNS disorder treatment, including drug delivery and rehabilitation therapy, are limited and these treatment options do not fully restore the original functions. Recently, cellular therapy has emerged as a treatment option for repair and regeneration of nerve injuries. However, transplantation of stem cells to the injured sites showed poor cell survival and engraftment (Wu et al., 2011). In this regard, the combination of functional biomaterials and cell delivery is a favorable and promising strategy for CNS repair.
超声诊断技术在肝移植围手术期中的应用

自1963年Starzl实施首例肝移植,这项技术已走过了四十多年的历程,现已成为治疗终末期肝病唯一有效的方法。在肝移植术前、术中以及术后对供受体肝脏及管道进行有效系统的评价是确保手术顺利进行及早期诊治并发症的重要保障。超声检查具有无创、便捷、实时、动态显示血管及血流动力学以及操作不受时间地点限制的优势,现已成为肝移植围手术期中常规且不可缺少的检查方法。近年来,随着超声技术的不断发展,新兴技术的出现(包括超声造影及弹性成像)将超声诊断水平带上一个全新的台阶。本文拟对超声诊断技术在肝移植围手术期中的应用价值作一综述。
人工虫草和冬虫夏草中甘露醇含量的HPLC-ELSD 法测定

目的建立HPLC-ELSD 法测定人工虫草和冬虫夏草中甘露醇的含量。方法采用高效液相色谱- 蒸发光散射检测器,氨基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂的色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm); 以乙腈(A)-水(B)为流动相,梯度洗脱(0~5 min,90% A; 5~25 min,90%→80% A; 25~40 min,80% →70% A),柱温30 ℃,流速1.0 ml·min~(-1),漂移管温度为80℃,载气(空气)压力为3.5 Bar。结果甘露醇在0.07~0.43 mg·ml~(-1)范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9996,n=5),回收率为102.2%(RSD为0.90%,n=6)。结论该方法操作简便、灵敏、准确,具有良好的重现性和稳定性,适用于人工虫草和天然虫草中甘露醇的含量测定。
白鲜根皮化学成分研究

目的为明确白鲜皮的药效物质基础,对白鲜皮的化学成分进行研究。方法白鲜皮的乙醇提取物乙酸乙酯萃取层反复硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱、制备HPLC 分离得到单体化合物,通过光谱方法对其化学成分进行结构鉴定。结果从白鲜皮乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取层中分离得到7个化合物,分别为南烛树脂醇(1),补骨脂酸(7←1') β-D 葡萄吡喃糖苷(2),3-[(1R)-1,2-二羟乙基- 4-甲氧基- 2(1H)-喹啉酮(3),4-甲基喹啉酮(4),柠檬苦素(5),吴茱萸苦素(6),梣酮(7)。结论其中化合物1,2,3,4为属内首次分离。
GDNF 与物质依赖行为的相互作用及机制

物质依赖是一种慢性、复发性脑疾病,给个人健康及社会带来严重的危害.从首次使用依赖物质发展到依赖,其中的机制非常复杂,涉及脑内多个神经递质、受体系统,如DA、GABA系统.DA能神经元的存活和功能、学习记忆、情绪及突触可塑性与神经胶质细胞源性神经营养因子(Glial cell line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor,GDNF)关系密切.不仅如此,越来越多的研究证据表明,GDNF在物质依赖行为中发挥了极其重要的调节作用.本文就GDNF在物质依赖行为中的作用及其机制进行综述.
乳腺原发性腺泡状软组织肉瘤1例报道

腺泡状软组织肉瘤(alveolar soft-part sarcoma, ASPS)比较少见,约占全部软组织肉瘤的0. 5% ~ 1%。其具有特征性的组织学表现、未知的组织学起源和分化方向及不可预知的生物学行为。多发生于下肢或胸背部、臀部等深部软组织,散发病例报告也见于女性生殖道、肺、纵隔、骨、宫颈、后腹膜、鼻窦及心脏等部位,但发生于乳腺非常罕见。本文报道1例乳腺ASPS,并结合文献复习探讨其临床病理学特点、免疫表型、鉴别诊断、分子及细胞遗传学。
血管性痴呆辨证论治的研究概况及思考

通过整理分析中医辨证治疗血管性痴呆的相关文献,发现历代医家对血管性痴呆的治疗已进行了多角度、全方位的探究,但众多辨治方法始终基于“气血相干”。气血是构成人体的最基本物质,气血协调是维持人体正常生命活动的基础,气血失和是疾病的基本病理变化,故调气和血是疾病治疗的核心原则。故认为以气血为纲辨证治疗血管性痴呆,不仅使本病的辨治执简驭繁,且体现出中医学“治病必求于本,本于气血”的理念。
陈士铎辨治“呆病”特点探析

清代医家陈士铎善于从痰治呆病,认为呆病的病因病机有三:起居失节,胃中虚火灼津成痰,痰火扰心;肝郁胃衰,生痰化火,扰及心神;心脾两虚,心神不守,痰迷心窍。但其关键病机为脾胃损伤而生痰,痰扰心神而致呆。辨证时陈士铎善于以呆病新久、症状辨脏腑病位。治疗方面提出“治痰即治呆”的治则,具体治法包括补胃气、清胃火、消痰安神法,健胃通气、祛痰安神法,补益胃气、滋养肝血、祛痰安神法,补益心脾、消痰安神法。依据病因病机与治法,其用药特点为常用健运脾胃药、善用引经药,并有特殊服药法,为后世提供了有益的参考。
《黄帝内经》“应时”思想溯源于易

《黄帝内经》构建了一个“四时五藏阴阳”(《素问·经脉别论》)为核心的生命巨系统,“五脏应四时”(《素问·金匮真言论》)更是贯穿通篇的主线。而“时”正是《周易》中最为重要的哲学概念,故从《周易》溯源紧紧围绕“时”与“位”之间的关系以及与“应时”思想相关的几个重要概念范畴进行深入探讨,并在此基础上提出“圜道时观”的运行法则,揭示宇宙生命的圜道规律。
氟康唑治疗复发性外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病60例

外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病是一种白假丝酵母菌大量繁殖引起的常见外阴阴道炎症,白假丝酵母菌为条件致病菌,只有在妇女阴道pH<4.5的情况下,全身及阴道局部细胞免疫能力下降或使用大剂量的抗生素,引起酵母菌大量繁殖,才出现外阴瘙痒、灼热痛、小便痛等症状,从而导致外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病。临床通过口服或局部用药对此病均有明显疗效,但少数患者容易复发。笔者应用氟康唑胶囊治疗复发性外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病,观察疗效。
山东省老年人抑郁症状、孤独感与社会支持特点

目的探讨山东省老年人抑郁症状、孤独感与社会支持的特点。方法采用随机抽样方法对山东省部分地区322名老年人进行抑郁症状、孤独感与社会支持问卷调查。结果①老年人社会支持总分较高,所能体验到的情感支持较高;存在不同程度的孤独感;抑郁得分为轻度。②老年人在社会支持各因素、抑郁症状及孤独上,年龄、居住地、婚姻、居住安排、经济保障、慢性病、有无养老保险存在显著差异(均P<0.05)。结论老年人精神状况不容乐观,尤其是80岁以上的老年人。国家、社会﹑子女要共同关注老年群体,做到"老有所养,老有所医"。
遵义市老年性白内障的患病情况及影响因素

目的探讨遵义市老年性白内障的患病情况及影响因素。方法选取2014年1~12月在遵义市某医院体检的1 500例居民,年龄50~86岁,根据调查数据计算老年性白内障的发病率、致低视力率及致盲率。采用Logistic回归法和单因素法分析危险因素。结果1 500例调查对象中,共280例(18.67%)检测出老年性白内障。280例老年性白内障中白内障致盲者11例(3.93%)。白内障致低视力者50例(17.86%)。280例老年性白内障中女105例,患病率为21.60%;男175例,患病为17.26%。50~80岁,随着年龄增长,男性及女性老年性白内障发生率都呈升高趋势(P<0.05)。随着年龄增长,老年性白内障引起的视力损伤比例逐渐上升趋势。老年性白内障引起的视力损伤中女性比例高于男性,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。性别、吸烟、高血压、年龄及糖尿病5个因素均为老年性白内障的危险因素。结论老年性白内障是多种因素作用的结果,遵义市年龄50岁及以上的居民白内障患病率较高,应采取针对性预防措施,以降低老年性白内障对高龄人群健康可能带来的损害。
营养风险对喉癌患者生活质量及术后并发症的影响

目的探讨营养风险对喉癌患者生活质量及术后并发症的影响。方法选择2012年1月至2015年4月该院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科收治的首次行手术治疗的喉癌患者80例,采用营养风险筛查2002(NRS 2002)筛查出有营养风险患者,通过欧洲研究与治疗组织生活质量核心量表(EORTCQLQ-C30)评估有、无营养风险患者的生活质量差异,记录患者并发症的发生情况。结果有营养风险的患者65例(81.25%),男性居多;其各项功能评分和整体生活质量评分均明显低于无营养风险患者,有营养风险患者的症状量表中各项功能评分均显著高于无营养风险患者(均P<0.05)。另外,有营养风险患者的总并发症发生率为64.62%,明显高于无营养风险患者的21.43%(P<0.05)。结论喉部切除术后的喉癌患者中存在营养风险的患者所占比例较高,营养风险可以降低患者的生活质量,并引发术后并发症。
社区慢性阻塞性肺病老年患者一般自我效能感影响因素

目的探讨社区慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)老年患者一般自我效能感的影响因素。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法对在河北省唐山、石家庄、张家口3市抽取的6 173名≥60岁城乡老年人中确诊为COPD的567例进行一般自我效能感影响因素调查。结果COPD老年人一般自我效能感平均分为(23.60±5.90)分,处于中等水平。多因素分析结果显示,性别、文化程度、社会支持、收支状况、医保类型、家人督促就医、不舒适时间为COPD老年人一般自我效能感的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论COPD老年人一般自我效能感有待提高,应重点关注经济状况和支持体系。
经皮椎体成形术对骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折患者疼痛程度、椎体高度及Cobb角的影响

目的骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折患者在行经皮椎体成形术后疼痛程度、椎体高度及Cobb角。方法选取该院2013年6月至2014年7月收治的90例骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折患者,按照入院编号顺序,随机分为手术组和保守组各45例,手术组患者接受经皮椎体成形术,保守组患者接受保守治疗,比较两组(NRS)疼痛评分、椎体高度及Cobb角、Oswestry评分。结果手术后1、2、3、6个月时,手术组患者的NRS疼痛评分均明显低于B组(P<0.05);手术后1、6个月时,手术组患者术后的Cobb角明显低于保守组(P<0.05),伤椎椎体前缘高度比明显高于保守组(P<0.05);术后1、6个月时,手术组后Oswestry评分均明显低于保守组组(P<0.05)。结论经皮椎体成形术有助于缓解疼痛程度,改善椎体高度及Cobb角,提高日常生活质量。
SPECT/CT联合CEA、Cyfra-211、NSE诊断肺癌骨转移的价值

目的探讨行SPECT/CT检查同期行血清学癌胚抗原(CEA)、细胞角蛋白19片段(Cyfra21-1)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)检测诊断肺癌骨转移的价值。方法578例肺癌确诊病例。其中术后病理95例,支气管镜329例,超声或CT引导穿刺病理158例(含EBUS);其中肺鳞癌313例,腺癌167例,小细胞癌72例,其他癌26例。男356例,女222例。行SPECT/CT前先行血清学CEA、Cyfra-211及NSE检测。结果该组肺癌骨转移发生率为45.33%(262/578),SPECT/CT诊断敏感性为89.69%(235/262),特异性为91.35%(528/578),准确性为91.35%(528/578)。CEA+Cyfra21-1+NSE+SPECT/CT联合检查敏感性为96.56%(253/262),特异性为96.54%(558/578),96.54%(558/578),明显高于SPECT/CT单独检查(P=0.003;0.000;0.000)。结论行SPECT/CT检查的同时行血清学CEA、Cyfra21-1、NSE联合检测,有助于提高肺癌骨转移的灵敏度,使肺癌骨转移的诊断准确性大大提高。
前哨淋巴结连续切片及免疫组化检查在阴茎癌治疗中的价值

目的探讨前哨淋巴结(SLN)连续切片及免疫组化检查在阴茎癌治疗中的价值。方法回顾性分析阴茎癌41例患者临床资料与病理资料,患者切除原发病灶后使用亚甲蓝蓝染,并行改良腹股沟淋巴清扫术(ILND)。结果SLN检出39例(95.12%),检出SLN共有62枚,免疫组化检查结果显示,其中SLN阳性12例,阴性27例,SLN结果与ILND病理检查结果相符合者12例,1例假阴性,SLN免疫组化准确率为97.44%(38/39),假阴性率为7.69%(1/13),灵敏度为92.31%(12/13),两种检查方式差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论SLN活检技术(SLNB)相对于预防性的淋巴结清扫术而言,具有创伤小、并发症低的优点,故对于阴茎癌手术患者治疗方案的确定具有重要临床应用价值。
艾灸足三里穴对衰老大鼠学习记忆及抗疲劳能力的影响

目的观察艾灸足三里穴对D-半乳糖致衰老大鼠学习记忆及抗疲劳能力的影响。方法健康青年雄性SD大鼠36只,按完全随机设计分为3组:空白对照组、衰老模型组、艾灸组,每组各12只。模型组及艾灸组大鼠按0.125 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)从颈背部皮下注射10%D-半乳糖,连续6 w,每天1次,空白对照组每天注射等量的生理盐水;艾灸组造模后每穴每天灸5壮,每次25 min左右,隔天1次,共治疗15次,空白对照组及衰老模型组大鼠捆绑固定25 min,隔天1次,共15次。采用Morris水迷宫实验检测各组大鼠的学习记忆能力,动物跑台实验检测各组大鼠的抗疲劳能力。结果造模后,衰老模型组及艾灸组大鼠Morris水迷宫潜伏时间及探索总路程较造模前明显延长(P<0.01);实际跑步时间较造模前明显减少(P<0.01)、电击次数显著增加(P<0.01);与空白对照组比较有明显差异(P<0.01)。艾灸治疗后,艾灸组大鼠Morris水迷宫潜伏时间及探索总路程较造模前显著缩短(P<0.05)、实际跑步时间较造模前明显增加(P<0.05)、电击次数显著减少(P<0.05);与衰老模型组比较有明显差异(P<0.01)。结论艾灸足三里穴能够明显改善衰老大鼠的学习记忆及抗疲劳能力。
腹腔镜完全腹膜外疝修补术中腹膜破裂对手术的影响及处理

目的:探讨腹腔镜完全腹膜外疝修补术(TEP)中腹膜破裂对手术的影响和应对方法。方法:回顾性分析2013年2月-2015年2月收治的110例腹股沟疝患者的临床资料,所有患者均行TEP手术,收集手术资料,分析腹膜破裂对手术的影响,总结应对策略。结果:110例患者成功完成TEP 96例(87.3%) ; 14例(12.7% )中转经腹腹膜前疝修补术(TAPP ),原因均为术中腹膜破裂。43例患者术中发生腹膜破裂,其中疝囊颈部15例、外侧区9例、中央区8例、底侧区7例、远端疝囊区4例。同一手术时期(腹膜前空间建立程度),不同部位腹膜破裂患者的手术时间和手术中转率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);同一破裂部位发生于手术早期者的手术时间、手术中转率明显高于发生于手术中期和晚期者,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论:腹膜破裂时期是影响TEP手术成功与否的关键因素,应重视腹膜前空间建立的手术操作过程。
Simultaneous optimization and control for polypropylene grade transition with two-layer hierarchical structure

In this paper, a two-layer hierarchical structure of optimization and control for polypropylene grade transition was raised to overcome process uncertain disturbances that led to the large deviation between the open-loop reference trajectory and the actual process. In the upper layer, the variant time scale based control vector parametric methods (VTS-CVP) was used for dynamic optimization of transition reference trajectory, while nonlinear model predictive controller (NMPC) based on closed-loop subspace and piece-wise linear (SSARX-PWL) model in the lower layer was tracking to the reference trajectory from the upper layer for overcoming high-frequency disturbances. Besides, mechanism about trajectory deviation detection and optimal trajectory updating online were introduced to ensure a smooth transition for the entire process. The proposed method was validated with the real data from an industrial double-loop propylene polymerization reaction process with developed dynamic mechanism mathematical model.
Nonlinear model predictive control based on support vector machine and genetic algorithm

This paper presents a nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) approach based on support vector machine (SVM) and genetic algorithm (GA) for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) nonlinear systems. Individual SVM is used to approximate each output of the controlled plant. Then the model is used in MPC control scheme to predict the outputs of the controlled plant. The optimal control sequence is calculated using GA with elite preserve strategy. Simulation results of a typical MIMO nonlinear system show that this method has a good ability of set points tracking and disturbance rejection.
Local Multilevel Method on Adaptively Refined Meshes for Elliptic Problems with Smooth Complex Coefficients

In this paper, a local multilevel algorithm is investigated for solving linear systems arising from adaptive finite element approximations of second order elliptic problems with smooth complex coefficients. It is shown that the abstract theory for local multilevel algorithm can also be applied to elliptic problems whose dominant coefficient is complex valued. Assuming that the coarsest mesh size is sufficiently small,we prove that this algorithm with Gauss-Seidel smoother is convergent and optimal on the adaptively refined meshes generated by the newest vertex bisection algorithm. Numerical experiments are reported to confirm the theoretical analysis.