mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
A New β-Estradiol-Inducible Vector Set that Facilitates Easy Construction and Efficient Expression of Transgenes Reveals CBL3-Dependent Cytoplasm to Tonoplast Translocation of CIPK5

Transient and stable expression of transgenes is central to many investigations in plant biology research. Chemical regulation of expression can circumvent problems of plant lethality caused by constitutive overexpression or allow inducible knock (out/down) approaches. Several chemically inducible or repressible systems have been described and successfully applied. However, cloning and application-specific modification of most available inducible expression systems have been limited and remained complicated due to restricted cloning options. Here we describe a new set of 57 vectors that enable transgene expression in transiently or stably transformed cells. All vectors harbor a synthetically optimized XVE expression cassette, allowing β-estradiol mediated protein expression. Plasmids are equipped with the reporter genes GUS, GFP, mCherry, or with HA and StrepII epitope tags and harbor an optimized multiple cloning site for flexible and simple cloning strategies. Moreover, the vector design allows simple substitution of the driving promoter to achieve tissue-specificity or to modulate expression ranges of inducible transgene expression. We report details of the kinetics and dose-dependence of expression induction in Arabidopsis leaf mesophyll protoplasts, transiently transformed Nicotiana benthamiana leaves, and stably transformed Arabidopsis plants. Using these vectors, we investigated the influence of CBL (Calcineurin B-like) protein expression on the subcellular localization of CIPKs (Calcineurin B-like interacting protein kinases). These analyses uncovered that induced co-expression of CBL3 is fully sufficient for dynamic translocation of CIPK5 from the cytoplasm to the tonoplast. Thus, the vector system presented here facilitates a broad range of research applications.
Synthesis of PS/Ag asymmetric hybrid particles via phase separation and self-assembly

This article presents a facile approach to preparation of polystyrene/silver (PS/Ag) asymmetric hybrid particles. In this method, polystyrene/polyglycidyl methacrylate (PS/PGMA) Janus particles were synthesized via internal phase separation triggered by evaporation of dichloromethane (DCM) from PS/PGMA/DCM-in water emulsion droplets. Then, the Janus particles were aminated and sequentially carboxylated to obtain PS/PGMA-NH_2 and PS/PGMA-COOH particles. Ag~+ self-assembled on the surface of PGMA hemisphere of the functionalized PS/PGMA particles by coordinating with amine/carboxyl. PS/Ag asymmetric hybrid particles with 7.29 wt% of Ag were obtained by reduction of Ag~+. Scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy results confirmed that Ag was asymmetrically distributed on the surface of polymer particles.
Genome-Wide Analysis of DNA Methylation in Soybean

Cytosine methylation is an important mechanism for dynamical regulation of gene expression and transposable element (TE) mobility during plant developmental processes. Here, we identified the transcription start sites of genes using high-throughput sequencing and then analyzed the DNA methylation status in soybean roots, stems, leaves, and cotyledons of developing seeds at single-base resolution. Profiling of DNA methylation in different organs revealed 2162 differentially methylated regions among organs, and a portion of hypomethylated regions were correlated with high expression of neighboring genes. Because of the different distribution of class I TEs (retrotransposons) and class II TEs (DNA transposons), the promoters of the lowest-expressed genes showed higher levels of CG and CHG methylation but a lower level of CHH methylation. We further found that the CHH methylation level of class II TEs was higher than class I TEs, possibly due to the presence of more smRNAs in class II TEs. In cotyledons of developing seeds, smRNA abundance was roughly positively correlated with hypermethylated regions but negatively related to hypomethylated regions. These studies provide significant insights into the complicated interplays among DNA methylation, smRNA abundance, TE distribution, and gene expression in soybean.
Scientific progress regarding neural regeneration in the Web of Science

BACKGROUND: Neural regeneration fol owing nerve injury is an emerging field that attracts ex-tending interests al over the world. OBJECTIVE: To use bibliometric indexes to track studies focusing on neural regeneration, and to investigate the relationships among geographic origin, countries and institutes, keywords in the published articles, and especial y focus on the region distribution, institution distribution, as wel as col aborations in Chinese papers indexed in the Web of Science. METHODS: A list of neural regeneration studies was generated by searching the database of the Web of Science-Expanded using the term“Neural Regenera*”. Inclusive criteria:(1) articles in the field of neural regeneration;(2) fundamental research on animals, clinical trials and case reports;(3) article types: article, review, proceedings paper, note, letter, editorial material, discussion, book chapter; (4) year of publication: 2003-2012; and (5) citation database: Science Citation In-dex-Expanded. Exclusive criteria: (1) articles requiring manual searching or with access only by telephone;(2) unpublished articles;and (3) corrections. RESULTS:A total of 4 893 papers were retrieved from the Web of Science published between 2003 and 2012. The papers covered 65 countries or regions, of which the United States ranked first with 1 691 papers. The most relevant papers were in the neurosciences and cellbiology, and the key-word “stem cel” was the most frequent. In recent years, China showed a great increase in the number of papers. Over the entire 10 years, there were 922 Chinese papers, with Jilin University ranking first with 58 articles. Chinese papers were published in connection with many countries, in-cluding the United States, Japan, and the United Kingdom. Among the connections, the papers published by the Chinese and the American are 107, with the highest rate. With regard to funding, 689 articles were funded from various projects, occupying 74.72% of the total amount. In these projects, National Foundation and Science and Technology programs were the majority. CONCLUSION:Our bibliometric analysis provides a historical perspective on the progress of neural regeneration research. At present, the number of articles addressing neural regeneration is in-creasing rapidly; however, through analysis of citations it is clear that there is a long way to go to improve the academic quality.
Curcumin protects against ischemic spinal cord injury

Inducible nitric oxide synthase and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors have been shown to participate in nerve cellinjury during spinal cord ischemia. This study observed a protective effect of curcumin on ischemic spinal cord injury. Models of spinal cord ischemia were established by ligating the lumbar artery from the left renal artery to the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta. At 24 hours after model establishment, the rats were intraperitoneal y injected with curcumin. Reverse transcrip-tion-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical results demonstrated that after spinal cord ischemia, inducible nitric oxide synthase and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor mRNA and protein expression significantly increased. However, curcumin significantly decreased inducible nitric oxide synthase and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor mRNA and protein expression in the ischemic spinal cord. Tarlov scale results showed that curcumin significantly improved motor function of the rat hind limb after spinal cord ischemia. The results demonstrate that curcumin exerts a neuroprotective ef-fect against ischemic spinal cord injury by decreasing inducible nitric oxide synthase and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor expression.
Huoxue Rongluo Tablet reduces matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in infarcted brain tissue

Huoxue Rongluo Tablet was made of tal gastrodis tuber, dahurian angelica root, honeysuckle stem, grassleaf sweetflag rhizome, common flowering quince fruit, figwort root, red peony root and peach seed at a ratio of 3:2:6:2:3:3:3:3. Huoxue Rongluo Tablet is a wel-established and common pre-scription for the treatment of cerebral infarction. In this study, a rat model of cerebral ischemia was established and the animals were intragastrical y administered Huoxue Rongluo Tablet. This treat-ment reduced infarct volume, decreased matrix metal oproteinase-9 expression, and improved neurological function. Moreover, the effects of Huoxue Rongluo Tablet were better than those of buflomedil pyridoxal phosphate. These results indicate that Huoxue Rongluo Tablet is effective in treating cerebral infarction by regulating matrix metal oproteinase-9 protein expression.
Nanomolar concentration of alpha-synuclein enhances dopaminergic neuronal survival via Akt pathway

Although alpha-synuclein is general y thought to have a pathological role in Parkinson’s disease, accumulative evidence exists that alpha-synuclein has a neuroprotective effect. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of extracellular alpha-synuclein on dopaminergic cellsurvival. We assessed cellviability using the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltertazolium bromide (MTT) assay both in undifferentiated SH-SY5Y (SHSY) cells and neuronal y-differentiated SH-SY5Y (ndSHSY) cells after 24 hour treatment with monomeric alpha-synuclein at various concentrations (0 [control], 50, 100 nmol/L, 1μmol/L). To determine whether cellviability assessed by MTT assay was affected by cellproliferation, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assay was per-formed. Level of both Akt and phosphorylated Akt was measured using western blot method in ndSHSY cells with or without 24 hour alpha-synuclein treatment. cellviability was increased in ndSHSY cells at the nanomolar concentration of alpha-synuclein, but not in SHSY cells. Proportion of BrdU-positive ndSHSY cells was decreased in alpha-synuclein-treated group compared with control group. Level of phosphorylated Akt in alpha-synuclein-treated group was higher compared with the control group. Our study shows that extracellular alpha-synuclein at nanomolar concentra-tion benefits dopaminergic cellsurvival via Akt pathway.
国外高等教育评估对我国医学教育评估的启示

高等教育评估是提高和保障高等教育质量的必要措施。本文回顾了美、英、日、法四国高等教育评估的基本情况,总结高等教育评估过程的主要特点,对我国建立公正、合理、权威和透明的医学教育评估体系有重要参考意义。
全身麻醉后单侧瞳孔散大一例

正常瞳孔直径为2.5~4.0mm,<2.0mm为瞳孔缩小,>5mm为瞳孔扩大。两侧瞳孔直径相差应在0.2mm以内,如>0.5mm为瞳孔不等大。如果患者围术期出现双侧瞳孔不等大,麻醉医师需要仔细分析,不可草率下结论。除个别患者术前就存在双侧瞳孔不等大之外,术中发生的瞳孔不等大主要可归为病理性和药物性两大类原因。
术中监测运动诱发电位对患者心脏起搏器的干扰一例

DDD起搏器具有房室双腔顺序起搏、房室双重感知及触发和抑制双重反应,适用于病态窦房结综合征等。VVI又称按需起搏器,特点是当自身心搏低于起搏预定的起搏频率时,起搏器按预定的起搏频率发放脉冲起搏心脏。术中常见对起搏器的干扰因素:(1)外科使用电凝器;(2)强离子束辐射核磁共振;(3)各种原因诱发的肌颤、药物引起的肌抽搐运动(如氯胺酮、依托咪酯和丙泊酚)或经皮神经刺激亦可抑制或不慎触发起搏器发放脉冲;(4)机械通气机、碎石震动和身体的移动等机械因素可抑制或改变起搏器的功能。
地佐辛术后镇痛专家建议

地佐辛是近年来我国术后镇痛应用广泛的药物之一,但文献中关于此药的应用一直缺乏循证医学的指引。为规范化和优质化用药,经国内专家组讨论,提出下述用法建议,并希望对此药有进一步严格的实验研究以及科学的临床验证,以造福于患者,促进术后疼痛治疗的健康发展。
New method for constructing array sets with zero-correlation zone

A new method to construct shift sequence sets is presented. Different shift sequence sets are obtained by changing parameters of the shift sequence. Based on these shift sequence sets, multiple shift distinct array sets with zero-correlation zone (ZCZ) can be obtained by utilizing interleaving technique. It is shown that the resultant ZCZ array sets are optimalor almost optimal with respect to the Tang, Fan, and Matsufuji bound. Compared with previous methods, the proposed method extends the number of shift distinct ZCZ array sets.
铜催化的端基炔偶联反应的研究进展

二乙炔类聚合物是一类以1,3-丁二炔为主要聚合单体的重要聚合物, 应用于有机发光器件、 太阳能电池、 磁性材料、 光纤传导、 分子传感器、 药物等领域. 中间体二炔化合物是构建分子的基本模块之一, 不仅是有机合成的重要中间体, 也是天然产物和生理活性化合物的基本骨架. 其中1,3-共轭二炔用途最为广泛, 应用于超分子化学、 聚合物化学、 天然产物、 抗菌药物、 纳米材料官能团等领域.
Hydrodynamic Effect of the Regulation Project of Yangtze River Deepwater Channel Downstream of Nanjing

A two-dimensional flow numerical model of the tidal reaches, which total length is more than 700 km, is established from Datong to the Yangtze River estuary. The tidal levels, velocities, diversion ratios and dynamic axes before and after the separate regulation of each reach and combined regulation of all reaches are obtained. The comparative analysis shows that the regulation project of a separate reach basically has no impact on velocity distributions and variations of diversion ratios of upper and lower reaches, the variations of dynamic axes are only within the local scope of the project. The regulation project of a separate reach also has less impact on the water level in the lower adjacent reaches, but will make the water levels in the upper reaches rise. After the implementation of the regulation projects for all reaches, the rise of water level in the upstream reaches will have a cumulative impact.
Effects of the Anthropogenic Activities on the Morphological Evolution of the Modaomen Estuary, Pearl River Delta, China

Owing to the intensive human activities, the Modaomen Estuary has been significantly modified since 1950s, which has resulted in considerable changes of hydrodynamics and morphodynamics in the area. In this paper, the effects of the anthropogenic activities on the hydrodynamics and morphological evolution in the estuary at different stages are systematically assessed based on the detailed bathymetric data and field survey. The results show that the human activities have caused the channelization of the enclosed sea area in the Modamen Estuary;fast seaward movement of the mouth bar with high siltation;expansion of the channel volume due to channel deepening. The paper also highlights the main hydrodynamic changes in the estuary, including the rise of the water level;the distinguishing changes of tidal range before and after the 1990s (decrease and increase respectively); as well as the increase of the divided flow ratio. It is found that reclamation is the main factor promoting the transition of nature of the estuary from runoff dominant to runoff and wave dominant, and sand mining activities are mainly to strengthen the tidal dynamic and to low the water level. The results provide useful guidance for better planning of the future developments in the estuary and further research in the area.
A Siltation Simulation and Desiltation Measurement Study Downstream of the Suzhou Creek Sluice, China

The Suzhou Creek Sluice is currently the largest underwater plain gate in the world, with a single span of 100 m. It is located in a tidal estuary at the junction of the Huangpu River and Suzhou Creek in Shanghai, China. In this study, physical and 2D vertical mathematical models were used to investigate and distinguish the mechanism of siltation downstream of an underwater plain gate from that of other gates types. According to quantitative data obtained by site investigation and the application of the physical hydrodynamic models, it was found that the characteristics of the tidal estuary as well as the fact that the sluice span is equal to the creek width are the major reasons contributing to siltation. A possible desiltation treatment system is proposed for the underwater plain gate. The system includes selection of a suitable location that allows the determination of a reasonable top elevation of the sluice floor, reserving sufficient space under the gate to accommodate siltation, setting up a mechanical desiltation system, and flushing silt along with overflow over the top of the gate. Furthermore, on-site hydraulic silt flushing experiments and a topography survey were conducted. These results showed that the measurement system is effective, and by maintaining this scheduled operation once a month, the downstream riverbed has been maintained in a good condition.
Remote sensing monitoring on regional crop water productivity in the Haihe River Basin

Crop water productivity(CWP) is one of the important indicators for sustainable agricultural development in water scarcity area. There is serious conflict between water supply and requirement in the Haihe River Basin. CWP of winter wheat and summer maize from2003 to 2007 in the Haihe River Basin is estimated based on large-scale evapotranspiration(ET) and crop yield obtained by remote sensing technology. Spatial and temporal distribution of CWP of winter wheat and summer maize is investigated in this study. Results show that CWP of winter wheat in most parts of the study area varies from 1.02 kg/m~3 to 1.53 kg/m~3, and CWP of summer maize varies from 1.31 kg/m~3 to 2.03 kg/m~3. Multi-year averaged CWP of winter wheat and summer maize in the study area is about 1.19 kg/m~3 and 1.59 kg/m~3. CWP results show certain promotion potential to alleviate the water shortage in the Haihe River Basin. Correlation analysis of CWP,crop yield and ET shows that there is great potential for crop yield promotion without the growth in irrigation water. Large-scale CWP estimated by remote sensing technology in this study shows spatial distribution features,which could be used to real-time agricultural water resource management combined with crop yield and ET.
Change analysis of rice area and production in China during the past three decades

Rice’s spatial-temporal distributions,which are critical for agricultural,environmental and food security research,are affected by natural conditions as well as socio-economic developments. Based on multi-source data,an effective model named the Spatial Production Allocation Model(SPAM) which integrates arable land distribution,administrative unit statistics of crop data,agricultural irrigation data and crop suitability data,was used to get a series of spatial distributions of rice area and production with 10-km pixels at a national scale - it was applied from the early 1980s onwards and used to analyze the pattern of spatial and temporal changes. The results show that significant changes occurred in rice in China during 1980-2010. Overall,more than 50% of the rice area decreased,while nearly 70% of rice production increased in the change region during 1980-2010. Spatially,most of the increased area and production were in Northeast China,especially,in Jilin and Heilongjiang;most of the decreased area and production were located in Southeast China,especially,in regions of rapidly urbanization in Guangdong,Fujian and Zhejiang. Thus,the centroid of rice area was moved northeast approximately 230 km since 1980,and rice production about 320km,which means rice production moved northeastward faster than rice area because of the significant rice yield increase in Northeast China. The results also show that rice area change had a decisive impact on rice production change. About 54.5% of the increase in rice production is due to the expansion of sown area,while around 83.2% of the decrease in rice production is due to contraction of rice area. This implies that rice production increase may be due to area expansion and other non-area factors,but reduced rice production could largely be attributed to rice area decrease.
Climatic and environmental change in Yanchi Lake, Northwest China since the Late Glacial: A comprehensive analysis of lake sediments

Modern climate research has shown that the Asian summer monsoon water vapor transport is limited to the eastern part of the Qilian Mountains.On the Holocene millennial-scale, whether the northwest boundary of the summer monsoon varies according to climate change is a key scientific issue.Yanchi Lake is located in the northern Qilian Mountains and the middle of the Hexi Corridor, where the modern climate is less affected by the Asian summer monsoon.It is a key research area for examining the long-term variations of the Asian summer monsoon.Paleoclimatic data, including AMS ~(14)C dates of pollen concentrates and bulk organic carbon, lithology, grain-size, mineral composition and geochemical proxies were acquired from sediments of Yanchi Lake.The chronological results show that the lower part of the lacustrine section is formed mainly in the Late Glacial and early Holocene period, while the proxies’ data indicate the lake expansion is associated with high content of mineral salts.The middle part of this section is formed during the transitional period of the early and middle Holocene.Affected by the reworking effect, the pollen concentrates AMS ~(14)C dates from the middle part of the section are generally older than those from the lower part.Since the mid-Holocene, Yanchi Lake retreated significantly and the deposition rate dropped obviously.The Yanchi Lake record is consistent with the Late Glacial and Holocene lake records in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the climatic records in typical monsoon domain, which indicate the lake expansion and the strong Asian summer monsoon during the Late Glacial and early Holocene.The long-term monsoonal pattern is different from the lake evolution in Central Asia on the Holocene millennial-scale.This study proves the monsoon impacts on the northwestern margin of the summer monsoon, and also proves the fact that the northern boundary of the summer monsoon moves according to millennial-scale climate change.
Control of Hydrogen During ESR Process

Experimental and numerical studies were carried out for the behavior of hydrogen in a three-phase electroslag furnace using double electrode series technique during electroslag remelting (ESR) process. The effect of water vapor content of furnace gas on the hydrogen content of ingots was studied through the “gas-slag-metal” osmosis experiment. Based on the experimental results, a mathematical model was set up for the behavior of hydrogen pick-up during ESR process. Then the flow of furnace gas during ESR process was studied through a commercial code FLUENT, and the relationship between the water vapor content of furnace gas and argon gas flux in practical production was derived. Finally, the desired reasonable argon gas flow for controlling the hydrogen content of ingots below 2×10~(-6) in practice was obtained.
Development and Experimental Evaluation of Strip Shape Prediction Model for Sendzimir Rolling Mills

It is difficult to obtain the desired strip shape using Sendzimir rolling mills because small diameter work rolls can be easily deformed by the rolling force. To control the strip shape effectively, it is important to understand the relationship between the behavior of the shape actuator and the variation of the strip shape. A numerical model based on the contact element method was proposed for the prediction of strip shape. In this numerical model, the relationships between the actuating forces, the roll deflections, the thickness profiles of the entry and exit sides, and the strip shape were considered. The proposed numerical model for strip shape prediction was evaluated by computer simulation and experiment with respect to various AS-U roll and first intermediate roll positions.