mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Physiological Response of Populus euphratica to Artificial Water-recharge of the Lower Reaches of Tarim River

Physiological and xeromorphic responses and adaptation of Populus euphratica Oliv. to artificial water-recharge of the lower reaches of Tarim River in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region were investigated. Measurements were made of groundwater table, salt concentration in groundwater, as well as the contents of proline, soluble sugars, plant endogenous hormone (abscisic acid, ABA and cytokinin, CTK), and anatomic structure in P. euphratica leaves along 15 transects in three areas before and after the water-recharge. Results showed that, following the events of water-recharge, the groundwater table raised, which reduced the physiological stresses of P. euphratica. With the rising groundwater table, the groundwater salinity increased by 1.76 to 2.47 folds; the thickness of cuticular of epidermis cell, the vessel diameter and wall thickness of vascular bundle of mesophyll cell in P. euphratica leaves were reduced; but the developmental state of palisade tissue of leaves were not affected. The effect of water-recharge was at the optimum to the recovery and restoration of ecological environment in this region when groundwater table was raised to a range from -3.15 to -4.12 m below soil surface, and salt concentration of groundwater maintained in a range from 67.15 to 72.65 mmol/L.
Response of Corn to Climate Warming in Arid Areas in Northwest China

Based on surface observations, response of corn (Zea mays L.) to climate warming in the Hexi Corridor in the arid northwest of China was investigated. Results show that in the last 20 yr and more the response of corn to climate warming took the form that its growing season came in advance and its growth period became shorter period. And such response is related to the critical temperature. In case the mean temperature during the corn’s growth period was less than the critical temperature, an increase in temperature shortened its growth period. When the mean temperature was higher than the critical temperature, then a rise in temperature no longer showed a tendency of shortening. The continuous increase in temperature in future may cause the mean temperature of corn’s growth period to exceed the critical temperature, thus leading to lengthening of corn’s growth period. In addition, response of corn to climate warming varied in its different growing stages. An increase in temperature shortened corn’s phase of vegetative growth prior to the tasselling phase, prolonged the generative growth phase in the tasselling-milk stage, and cut down the generative growth phase in the milk-maturity stage. These characteristics may correlate with the climatic condition in the arid areas in the northwestern of China, the crop’s physiological properties, and the variation of temperature increase in various seasons.
离轴三镜系统计算机辅助装调方法研究

针对离轴三镜系统光学元件各调整变量之间的关系,提出了一种求解失调量的方法.从分析调整变量之间的关系入手,采用求条件数的方法来判断变量之间的相关程度,去除相关的变量,从而确定出系统的待调整量.计算机模拟表明,只需进行一次迭代求解出的系统待调整量即可满足装调精度要求,调整后整个系统波像差的均方根值(RMS)与理想状态之差小于0.02λ.这种方法是用所确定的调整变量的变化补偿其它相关变量的失调,不仅结果准确、收敛速度快,而且需要调整的自由变量少,大大缩短了装调周期.
粒子群优化算法综述

粒子群优化(PSO)算法是一种新兴的优化技术,其思想来源于人工生命和演化计算理论.PSO通过粒子追随自己找到的最好解和整个群的最好解来完成优化.该算法简单易实现,可调参数少,已得到广泛研究和应用.详细介绍了PSO的基本原理、各种改进技术及其应用等,并对其未来的研究提出了一些建议.
实时确定光弹性参数的积分相移法

积分相移法可以实时测量光弹性参数,在光弹性实验的某些变载测试中将有一定的发展潜力.推导了积分相移法三种典型算法,通过对径压缩圆盘问题的理论仿真模拟,考察了载荷变化对积分相移法的影响,给出了降低这种影响的具体措施.
开展工程伦理学研究 增强工程师责任意识

工程伦理学是20世纪后期兴起的一门交叉学科.文章首先分析了把技术开发与技术使用分开,从而回避工程师责任的做法,进而剖析了认为工程是科学的应用和工程是实现社会价值的简单工具等观点,指出工程与伦理密切相关,工程师应当增强责任意识.
定量组织速度成像评价洛沙坦对大鼠急性心肌梗死后左室重构的左室收缩功能影响

目的应用定量组织速度成像(QTVI)评价洛沙坦对大鼠急性心肌梗死后左室重构的左室收缩功能的影响.方法将急性心肌梗塞(AMI)模型大鼠随机分为洛沙坦组(L组)和空白对照组(C组),以假手术大鼠(S组)为正常对照.治疗4周后分别进行超声心动图扫查.结果 C组的左室舒张末期内径、容积、左室相对重量显著增加;射血分数、球形指数及左室轴向上二尖瓣环、侧壁各节段收缩期峰值速度明显下降.L组M型及二维超声指标均有明显改善,二尖瓣环处速度指标亦有显著改善.结论 QTVI结合二维超声能较全面、精确、定量评价洛沙坦抑制左室重构、改善左室收缩功能的作用.
隧道火灾烟气发展的模拟计算研究

分析了隧道火灾的特点,运用区域模拟和场模拟的方法,通过一假定的隧道火灾算例,分析了几种不同情况下隧道火灾的烟气发展情况.讨论了烟气温度、高度的变化情况,得到了不同区段火和烟气对人构成威胁和对隧道结构造成破坏的情况,最后对隧道火灾的防治提出了一些建议.
开采煤层顶板环形裂隙圈内走向长钻孔法抽放瓦斯研究

开采煤层工作面的瓦斯主要来源于该煤层、采空区和邻近层的卸压解吸瓦斯.由于煤层松软,顺层钻孔施工难,不便钻孔抽放瓦斯.若对采空区实施大面积抽放,工程难度大,而且抽不出高浓度瓦斯.因此,寻找瓦斯运移的裂隙通道和瓦斯富集区,实施有效的瓦斯抽放工程是实现高效瓦斯抽放的技术关键.采用实验室相似材料试验、数值模拟计算和工业性试验研究方法,研究寻找采场上覆岩层中环形裂隙圈形成机理和位置,把抽放钻孔布置在环形裂隙圈内,进行"环形裂隙圈内走向长钻孔法"瓦斯抽放.这种瓦斯抽放技术使低透气性高瓦斯煤层的开采和瓦斯抽放分层区进行,在开采层工作面采煤,在顶板层裂隙区抽放卸压瓦斯,对流向工作面上隅角的瓦斯起到了截流作用,解决了松软低透气性高瓦斯煤层群开采瓦斯抽放困难的关键技术难题.该瓦斯抽放技术在淮南矿区高瓦斯工作面的应用结果表明,采煤工作面瓦斯抽放率达到60%以上,实现煤层群首采煤层安全、高效、集约化开采.
"开放的复杂巨系统"概念的形成

根据已经公开发表的钱学森院士的讲话、文章和书信,在分析开放的复杂巨系统这个概念形成背景的基础上,重点考察了巨系统→复杂巨系统→开放的复杂巨系统的提炼过程,概括介绍了开放的复杂巨系统理论的基本内容,阐述了这个理论的形成对当前与今后的科学发展、尤其是对系统科学、思维科学-创新思维研究的重大意义。
18F-FDG PET纵隔淋巴结高代谢的分析

目的分析亚临床感染和肺癌转移所致的18F-FDG PET纵隔淋巴结高代谢的不同特征.方法对300例健康体检者和15例非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)纵隔淋巴结转移患者进行FDG PET显像,以肉眼和SUV相结合的方法对纵隔淋巴结进行分析.结果 9.67%的健康查体者见纵隔淋巴结浓聚,年龄51～90岁,淋巴结分布较规律, SUV 2.06±1.01;纵隔转移淋巴结分布规律性较差,SUV 3.16±1.34.结论肺癌转移和老年亚临床感染均可致纵隔淋巴结FDG摄取增高,须根据年龄、病史及淋巴结显像特征进行综合判断.
aFGF在膀胱移行细胞癌中的表达及意义

目的:探讨酸性成纤维细胞生长因子(aFGF)的表达与膀胱移行细胞癌发生及发展的关系.方法:应用原位杂交(ISH)及RT-PCR方法检测aFGF mRNA在膀胱移行细胞癌中的表达.结果:RT-PCR及ISH结果显示膀胱移行细胞癌中aFGF mRNA表达增高,与分期、转移相关,与分级无关;ISH显示aFGF的阳性染色主要位于间质血管周围.结论:aFGF的表达增高与膀胱移行细胞癌的侵袭、转移密切相关,可作为帮助判断预后的一种指标.
环境中锑的分布、存在形态及毒性和生物有效性

由于自然过程及人类活动的影响,锑及其化合物在环境中普遍存在,环境中锑的污染也日益严重.近年来,国外对锑污染的研究日益重视.锑不是植物必需的,但能够被植物根系吸收.已有证据表明锑对生物及人体产生毒性.本文主要对环境中锑的分布和存在形态,及对动物和人体的毒性和对生物有效性研究进展进行评述。
品牌延伸对品牌权益影响之实证研究

品牌延伸是企业在推出新产品过程中经常采用的营销策略,也是提升品牌权益利用的重要方式.本文以问卷调查的方法,对于品牌纵向延伸策略对其品牌权益的影响进行了实证研究.研究结果证实了品牌向下延伸会对基于消费者的品牌权益产生负面影响;同时,关于品牌向上延伸对基于消费者的品牌权益产生正面影响的假设得到部分证实.最后,进一步讨论了研究结论和今后的研究方向.
近红外分析中光谱预处理及波长选择方法进展与应用

光谱预处理和波长选取方法在近红外光谱分析技术中相当重要.本文综述了常用的NIR预处理和波长选取方法及这一领域的最新进展,详细介绍正交信号校正(OSC)、净分析信号(NAS)和小波变换(WT)等新光谱预处理方法以及无信息变量消除(UVE)和遗传算法(GA)等波长选取方法,并给出了这些方法的具体算法和一些应用实例.
直接甲醇燃料电池质子膜研究进展

本文对直接甲醇燃料电池(DMFC)质子交换膜的要求及目前的研究状况作了简要的概述,特别是从基膜材料结构角度进行分类,较详细地介绍分析以Nafion膜为代表的全氟磺酸膜的各种改性研究及以PBI、PEEK、PSU等基膜材料为代表的聚芳环系列的DMFC质子交换膜的研究情况.总结了质子交换膜的一些研究方法,对直接甲醇燃料电池质子交换膜的发展前景进行了探讨。
LbL层层纳米自组装法制备新型微胶囊

本文介绍了一种新颖、灵活的制备纳米或微米胶囊方法--层层纳米自组装法(LbL).LbL法制备微胶囊的显著优越性在于能够在纳米尺度上对胶囊的大小、组成、结构、形态和囊壁厚度进行精确的控制.这种新型的微胶囊在生化、制药、药物控释、化妆品和催化等领域具有潜在的应用前景.
采用智能单元式控制台实现计算机联锁系统的人机交互

智能单元式控制台具有抗干扰能力强等特点,是一种可选的计算机联锁人机交互设备.本文在比较控制台与标准计算机设备两种操作方式的优缺点后,提出了与操作表示机实现双通道以太网连接的硬件方案,给出了完整的通信内容及在定时发送、即时发送和心跳检测相结合的通信策略下的异常处理机制和双机切换逻辑.同时采用增加模式切换按钮的方法实现了控制台和鼠标两种操作模式的人工切换和有效隔离.
三峡工程永久船闸关键技术

三峡工程双线五级船闸通航建筑物的总体布置,涉及泥沙淤积碍航、船闸输水系统水力学、高陡边坡处理、主要金属结构及机电设备制造和技术等方面问题都有特殊要求,必须通过充分的科学试验、论证和工程实践,逐步予以解决.
列车运行调整问题的分解协调计算模型

针对列车运行调整问题集中式求解方法的不足,构建多目标优化列车运行调整的数学模型,并设计分解协调计算模型来求解.分解协调计算模型将求解过程分为4个层次,分别是将待调整列车分解为子调整列车集的协调分组层,确定子列车集优化目标的目标设定层,完成子调整问题求解的优化计算层和将各子问题解还原为原问题解的结果还原层.该计算模型能适应多种线路条件,也能适应不同列车调度员指挥的习惯偏好,并能快速求出优化解.
SIRS大鼠心肌刺激性G蛋白的变化及地塞米松对其影响的实验观察

目的:探讨全身炎性反应综合征(SIRS)大鼠心肌刺激性G蛋白(Gs)含量、Gs mRNA表达的变化及地塞米松对Gs变化的影响.方法:实验组大鼠给予大肠杆菌脂多糖(LPS)20 mg/kg腹腔注射,制造SIRS大鼠模型.地塞米松(DXM)组在同样给予LPS后10 min给地塞米松20mg/kg腹腔注射.免疫印迹法测定心肌Gs含量,RT-PCR半定量法检测Gs mRNA的表达.结果:与对照组相比,LPS 3 h组、LPS 6 h组大鼠心肌Gs的相对含量下降,尤以6 h组下降明显(P＜0.01).DXM组与LPS 3 h组比较,Gs的相对含量略有回升,但无统计学意义.与对照组相比,LPS 3 h组、LPS 6 h组Gs mRNA的表达值均有显著性差异(P均＜0.01),尤以6 h组下降明显.DXM组与LPS 3 h组相比,较前者略有好转,但无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:SIRS大鼠心肌细胞信号转导系统中的Gs发生异常,此种异常改变是在基因水平上发生的,并且参与了心功能障碍的发生、发展.20 mg/kg剂量的地塞米松对Gs的变化没有明显的影响.
民勤绿洲水资源利用的历史现状和未来

石羊河流域下游的民勤绿洲面临严重的生态危机,如何抢救和保护民勤绿洲,引起了社会各界的广泛关注.文章通过对民勤绿洲历史演变和开发过程的研究,分析了民勤绿洲水资源利用的现实状况和未来发展情景.结合计算初步认为:石羊河水资源开发利用过度,目前已经基本丧失其河流的生态功能,民勤绿洲的水资源已无法维持绿洲的生存和发展.针对当前情况,提出了治理石羊河、抢救民勤绿洲,争取适当恢复青土湖的三个步骤.
Studies on forest sustainable development and issues under the condition of WTO's principles in China

The World Trade Organization(WTO),an international organization to deal with the world free trade mechanism,allows for the optimal use of the world's resources in accordance with the objective of sustainable development andthe protection of environment and trade.China,as a state member of WTO,is challenged by the WTO's agreements and the principles to guideline China sustainable forest development in the future.Forest resources in China will be protected as the basic sections of natural resources.The administrative function of Chinese government will be reformed by the condition of WTO's principles.So,the aim of China forest sustainable development is prior to deal with the relationship between the environment protection and development of economy.Under the condition of the WTO's principles and as a base on the international customary laws,the issues of China forest sustainable development focus on the China forest system reformation that applies for the China nature forest stratagem by the laws and protects the China environment for the sustainable development under the condition of science development,especially in the China forest protection and in dealing with the relationship among the environment and the economy development and others.Establishing the zoological forest industry is basic requirement by both the WTO's agreements and the WTO's principles,especially under the GATT 1947 Art XX,and other principles to protect the China forest sustainable development and to create the international environment for China forest.
含铂催化剂中铂含量的测定

铂的含量和其在载体上的形貌,对于研究催化剂的性能有着非常重要的影响,本文以高纯铂作为标准,制作出标准曲线,用分析纯氯铂酸进行验证,分析结果与给定值相差0.85%,并将此法应用于测定质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)和直接甲醇燃料电池(DMFC)催化剂中的铂,实验表明此方法是一种简便而有效的测定铂含量的方法.
KISS-1和MMP-9在裸鼠子宫内膜异位症模型中的表达及意义

目的:探讨KISS-1和基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)在子宫不同生长阶段异位内膜组织中的表达及两者之间的相互作用.方法:将生育年龄妇女的分泌晚期子宫内膜组织种植入裸鼠的盆腹腔,建立裸鼠子宫内膜异位症(EM)模型.采用RT-PCR方法,检测不同生长阶段异位内膜中KISS-1 mRNA及MMP-9mRNA的表达相对强度.结果:KISS-1在5,10,15 d组和对照组比较,表达降低,差异显著(P＜0.05);30 d组与对照组比较,无显著性差异(P＞0.05).MMP-9在5,10,15,30 d组与对照组比较表达增强,差异显著(P＜0.05);且15 d组表达最强,与5,10,30 d组比较差异显著(P＜0.05).KISS-1和MMP-9两者表达比较呈负相关(r=-0.575,P＜0.01).结论:KISS-1表达减弱和MMP-9表达增强可能与EM的侵袭过程有关,两者在EM发生发展中发挥重要作用.
Review: effects of wind on trees

Wind not only causes extensive damages to trees in many parts of the world,it also has more subtle effects on the growth and morphology of trees and forest ecology as well.Wind damage to trees has historically been the field of silviculture,but increasing recognition of the importance and complexity of the subject has recently got people involved from many other disciplines.Due to the global climate changes,it is believed that the risk of further and stronger storms is increasing.In order to better understand the effects of wind on individual trees,forest stand and forest ecosystem,and further to practice the management of forests,it is necessary to summarize the research results related to this subject.This review was mostly based on the 参考文献 from recent researches in the field,especially from the symposium volumes of some international conferences on this subject.The results indicated that there have been significant progresses in the following aspects:1)the aerodynamic interaction between wind and trees,2)the mechanics of trees under wind loading and adaptive growth,3)the tree's physiological responses to wind,and 4)the risk assessment of wind damage to forest.However,there are some aspects which may need further studies:1)wind damage to natural forests,2)wind-driven gap formation and forest dynamics,3)the effects of changes resulted from wind disturbances on ecological processes of forest ecosystem,and 4)management for the wind-damaged forests.
Assessment of degraded mattoral land using remote sensing imagery in Guadalteba Area, Spain

Natural land cover information is important for analysing and understanding of the current terrestrial situation,especially in the study area that is facing the environmental deteriorating increasingly.The study combined the remote sensing Aster data and ground truth to improve 2001 land cover map of Guadalteba area in Spain,and increased the accuracy from 47% to 70%.The general land cover map produced about the Guadalteba study area outlines the distribution of the vegetation type and the current natural land cover in the area.Based on this improved general land cover map,the natural cover map gave an indication of the present location of nature and agriculture areas.The shrub land degradation map identified location of various shrub/matorral areas and different levels of degradation.The further analysis and discussion were done.The output maps indicated that much of the natural cover mostly dominated by formations of shrubs has been changed to agriculture and other land uses.It is observed that shrubland covers a small percentage,approximately 9% of the study area,due to land degradation in most parts caused by human interfere.
Effect of biological agents on survival rate and root growth of Scots Pine seedlings

Two-year-old Scots pine(Pinus sylvstris var.mongolica)seedlings were treated with Pt mycorrhiza powder,ABT root-growing powder,HRC water-absorbing agent and high-yield powder,and planted on the sandy land in Balinyouqi,Inner Mongolia(180(12′13″E and 43(13′05″N).The effect and function of these biological agents on survival rate of seedlings were tested and analyzed by measuring the fine root growth and gross root growth.The results showed that the survival rates of the seedlings treated with Pt3,ABT,and HRC biological agents increased by 29.3%,23.6%,and 16%,respectively.The regression analysis revealed that the length of fine roots(<2 mm)was positively correlated with seedling survival rate,which means that the Pt3 powder,ABT foot-growing powder and HRC water-absorbing powder increased the survival rates of the seedlings by promoting the growth of fine roots.
Effects of soil temperature and soil water content on soil respiration in three forest types in Changbai Mountain

Soil incubation experiments were conducted in lab to delineate the effect of soil temperature and soil water content on soil respirations in broad-leaved/Korean pine forest(mountain dark brown forest soil),dark coniferous forest(mountain brown coniferous forest soil)and erman's birch forest(mountain soddy forest soil)in Changbai Mountain in September 2001.The soil water content was adjusted to five different levels(9%,21%,30%,37% and 43%)by adding certain amount of water into the soil cylinders,and the soil sample was incubated at 0,5,15,25 and 35 ℃ for 24 h The results indicated that in broad-leaved/Korean pine forest the soil respiration rate was positively correlated to soil temperature from 0 to 35 ℃.Soil respiration rate increased with increase of soil water content within the limits of 21% to 37%,while it decreased with soil water content when water content was over the range.The result suggested the interactive effects of temperature and water content on soil respiration.There were significant differences in soil respiration among the various forest types.The soil respiration rate was highest in broad-leaved/Korean pine forest,middle in erman's birch forest and the lowest in dark coniferous forest.The optimal soil temperature and soil water content for soil respiration was 35℃ and 37% in broad-leaved/Korean pine forest,25 ℃ and 21% in dark coniferous forest,and 35 ℃ and 37% in erman's birch forest.Because the forests of broad-leaved/Korean pine,dark coniferous and erman's birch are distributed at different altitudes,the soil temperature had 4-5 ℃ variation in different forest types during the same period.Thus,the soil respiration rates measured in brown pine mountain soil were lower than those in dark brown forest and those measured in mountain grass forest soil were higher than those in brown pine mountain soil.
基于USB2.0接口传输的多通道图像采集系统设计

在多通道图像采集系统中,采用USB2.0接口完成"海量"数据的传输,其高传输速度,简便的连接及高通用性,比采用图像采集卡更加适合大数据量采集系统与计算机的通信.讨论了基于USB传输的多路图像采集系统的设计,包括USB接口的硬件设计、固件开发以及和应用程序设计.应用程序中采用多线程技术实现图像数据的实时显示和存储.
Vertical root distribution characters of Robinia pseudoacacia on the Loess Plateau in China

On the Loess Plateau,water is the main limiting factors for vegetation growth.Root distribution characters have special ecological meaning as it reflected the utilizations of trees to the environments.Even-aged stands of Robinia pseudoacacia on slope lands facing south and north were selected as sampling plots for root distribution investigation.Investigatiing results showed that indicated that on all sites,root biomass decreased with depth,and the distribution depth of fine root was deeper than that of coarser root.The results of variance analysis indicated that there were great differences in root biomass among different diameter classes,and coarser root was the main sources of variance,and the root biomass,especially fine root(φ<3mm)biomass on northern exposition sites was bigger than that on southern exposition sites.Analysis of the vertical root distribution parameters,root extinction coefficient,β indicated that the value of β on northern exposition was more than 0.982,while the value of β on southern exposition was less than 0.982,which indicated that the vertical root distribution depth of Robinia pseudoacacia on southern exposition was deeper than that on southern exposition.And the distribution depth of fine roots(Φ<1mm)was deeper than that of thicker roots(Φ<3mm),which was in favor of the uptake of water and nutrients from deeper layers,helped the trees to adapt the arid environment,and promoted the growth of the upper parts of the tree.
非光气含氮化合物催化羰化研究进展

本文对近几年来非光气含氮化合物羰化合成氨基甲酸酯及二取代脲的方法进行了概述,主要包括使用钯、钌、铑、硒、金等催化体系以一氧化碳为羰化剂进行的催化氧化羰化和催化还原羰化反应过程,以及使用碱催化体系以二氧化碳和碳酸二甲酯等为羰化剂的反应过程和机理.
A new methodology for estimating forest NPP based on forest inventory data-- a case study of Chinese pine forest

Accurately estimating forest net primary productivity(NPP)plays an important role in study of global carbon budget.A NPP model reflecting the synthetic effects of both biotic(forest stand age,A and stem volume,V)and climatic factors(mean annual actual evapotranspiration,E)was developed for Chinese pine(Pinus tabulaeformis)forest by making full use of Forest Inventory Data(FID)and dynamically assessing forest productivity.The NPP of Chinese pine forest was estimated by using this model and the fourth FID(1989-1993),and the spatial pattern of NPP of Chinese pine forest was given by Geography Information System(GIS)software.The results indicated that mean NPP value of Chinese pine forest was 7.82 t·m-2·a-1 and varied at the range of 3.32-11.87 t·hm-2·a-1.NPP distribution of Chinese pine forests was significantly different in different regions,higher in the south and lower in the north of China.In terms of the main distribution regions of Chinese pine,the NPPs of Chinese pine forest in Shanxi and Shaanxi provinces were in middle level,with an average NPP of 7.4 t·hm-2·a-1,that in the southern and the eastern parts(e.g.Shichuang,Hunan,Henan,and Liaoning provinces)was higher(over 7.7 t·hm-2·a-1),and that in the northern part and western part(e.g.Neimenggu and Ningxia provinces)was lower(below 5 t·hm-2·a-1).This study provides an efficient way for using FID to understand the dynamics of foest NPP and evaluate its effects on global climate change.
Cyclopeptides from Three Arctic Caryophyllaceae Plants, Chemotaxonomy and Distribution Significance of Caryophyllaceae Cyclopeptides

Five new cyclopeptides named arcticumin A (1), arcticumin B (2), arcticumin C (3), regelin A (4) and crassipin B (5) were isolated from three arctic Caryophyllaceae species (＜100 g), Cerastium arcticum Lange. C. regelii Ostenf. and Stellaria crassipes Hult., with structures elucidated primarily by FAB+-MS and amino acids analysis. Based on the comparison of Caryophyllaceae cyclopeptides from both the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau and Arctic region, it is proposed that cyclopeptides are characteristic components of Caryophyllaceae and Arctic region is one part of the distribution center of Caryophyllaceae.
四川盆地下中三叠统异常水点水化学特征及探盐找钾预测研究

四川盆地下中三叠统盐卤分布广泛,是四川探盐找钾的重要时代.通过区域地质背景条件分析,其盐类保存、水动力条件和水化学特征在不同水文地质区表现不一,反映在储层的水型也极不一致,按水中阴、阳离子优势组分异常水点分为SO_4-Ca、SO_4-Na和Cl-Na 3种类型.利用异常水点离子的比例系数在海水浓缩曲线图上的落点位置,判别水点成因类型,从而发现盆地东北部宣汉、盆地西部平落和盆地东部万县向斜周边背斜水点具含钾溶滤水特征,值得重视和进一步开展找钾探索.
Single-Embryo RT-PCR: Application for Gene Expression Dynamics and Some Technical Aspects

An extended investigation was carried out for further demonstrating single-embryo RT-PCR technique, which was previously established in our laboratory as a useful tool on study of gene expression of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. Based on the previous work some important technical aspects in the application of the technique were mainly discussed in the present report. The dynamic expression of three selected genes, shoot-meristemless (STM), monppteros (MP) and Arabidopsis shaggy-like kinase etha (ASKh), during the embryogenesis were carefully compared. It was revealed that the technique was especially useful for tracing the expression dynamics of specific genes during embryogenesis. However, the quantity of starting material and the duration of DNaseⅠ treatment are critical points for successful application of the technique. The best condition for eliminating the possible influence of genomic DNA on data analysis was also tested and discussed.
非豆科木本植物与放线菌共生固氮相关基因研究进展

氮素固定是地球上维持生产力的一个重要生态反应,是继CO2固定之后最重要的生化反应.非豆科木本双子叶植物与固氮放线菌Frankia共生形成根瘤固氮,这些植物对绿化荒山、防止水土流失和保护生态环境等具有重要的作用,它们是陆地生态系统中的重要供氮者.Frankia菌具有对宿主的侵染范围广、固氮活性比较强和对氧气不敏感等特性,在Frankia菌与农作物之间建立起新的共生固氮体系的可能性很大.利用生物工程技术和方法构建高效的Frankia工程菌和新的固氮共生体系将成为今后生物固氮研究领域中的发展方向和追求目标.重点介绍了弗氏放线菌中共生固氮相关的固氮基因和谷氨酰胺合成酶基因、根瘤中结瘤固氮相关的nod基因、血红蛋白cDNA克隆及其他根瘤特异蛋白cDNA克隆等方面的研究进展.参33
Anatomical and Chemical Features of High-Yield Wheat Cultivar with Reference to Its Parents

Anatomical studies of the culm of Triticum aestivum L. cv. Xiaoyan 81, a comparatively lodging resistant cultivar, from its maternal parent Xiaoyan 54 and paternal parent 8602, was carried out by means of various microscopic techniques coupled with chemical analysis. It was found that the culm of Xiaoyan 81 possessed shorter diameter, thicker width, higher thickness-diameter ratio and higher percentage of mechanical tissue, comparing with its parents. Furthermore, the lignin content was determined by Klason’s method and semi-quantitatively analyzed with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), histochemical staining, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the results revealed a much higher lignin content in the culm of Xiaoyan 81 than that in the Xiaoyan 54 and 8602. All of these findings provided anatomical and chemical evidence for a better quality in biomechanics of culm in cv. Xiaoyan 81 than that in its parents.
服务型专业组织的服务功能及其效果分析

以浙江省临安市服务型专业组织(临安竹笋加工企业协会)为研究对象,在简要介绍协会成立背景和基本概况的基础上,着重分析了协会的信息交流、市场拓展和沟通协调三大功能,及其对促进行业发展,增强企业市场拓展能力,提高产品档次,规范市场竞争秩序等方面的作用;指出了它与规范专业合作组织相比仍存在的缺陷,即内部运行机制不健全,缺乏有效约束手段,服务功能单一,外部宏观环境欠佳,政策扶持不力,政府干预过多等;最后针对存在的问题提出了相应的完善措施.表1参5
林业政策系统运行问题探讨

以浙江省为例研究了林业政策系统的运行现状;深入剖析了林业政策运行中存在的问题:政策制定不完善,执行效果不理想,评估和监测不规范和政策终结不重视;提出通过运用科学方法制定切实可行的政策,灵活运用各种手段有效执行政策,重视政策评估和监控,及时终结和更新政策等来促进林业政策系统的有效运行.
ISA-YMG粗铅冶炼新工艺

评述了铅提取技术的历史及现代铅提取技术的特点;针对我国目前粗铅冶炼现状,结合对高铅渣冶炼的多年研究,提出一种高效、节能、清洁的ISA-YMG粗铅冶炼新工艺,并提供了YMG还原熔炼工业试验结果.
十字型出口人员疏散的堵塞研究

在开放边界条件下,采用无后退有偏随机走动者格子气模型对十字路口的行人疏散动力学进行了计算和模拟.结果显示,当纬向边界行人密度保持恒定时,经向和纬向通道行人堵塞现象的出现取决于不同的经向边界行人密度;当纬向通道宽度保持不变时,发生堵塞的临界边界行人密度取决于不同的经向通道宽度,纬向和经向的行人堵塞动力学演变具有不同的特征.模拟结果对于疏散通道的设计具有指导意义.
温和条件下液态醇催化氧化制醛、酮

本文对温和条件下液态醇催化氧化制醛或酮的研究进展进行了全面评述,介绍了均相催化剂、液固多相催化剂、有机相-水相两相催化剂、氟两相催化剂和离子液相催化剂,着重讨论了以O_2为氧源的催化体系.
合成天然气水合物实验研究

天然气水合物(NGH)是天然气与水在低温高压条件下形成的笼形物,亦称可燃冰.在冻土带和海洋中已发现大量天然气水合物,是清洁燃料的后续天然资源,但开采技术尚不成熟.由于1m~3天然气水合物在常温下可释放约164m~3的天然气和0.8m~3的水,因此合成天然气水合物,可实现天然气的固态运输,更便于在天然气汽车上的储存.本文介绍天然气水合物的基本性质及其人工合成研究取得的进展.
大口径平面光学元件超精密加工技术的研究

为了解决激光核聚变装置中大口径平面光学元件的批量制造难题,将先进制造技术和传统抛光技术相结合,提出了一种新的工艺方法,即使用ELID(在线电解)磨削代替传统的铣磨和初抛工序,以提高生产效率.利用数控抛光将工件抛光至最终的面形精度,以提高生产效率和减少边缘效应.将连续抛光作为最终加工工序,使加工工件的表面粗糙度和波纹度达到工程要求.实验证明这一新的工艺方法是可行的。
用改进的Boussinesq方程模拟潜堤上的波浪变形

研究了一种改进的Boussinesq方程,采用预报校正格式对该方程进行了数值离散,并对淹没潜堤上的波浪变形进行了数值模拟,从数值模拟结果和实测值的比较结果来看,该方程能较好地模拟波浪在潜堤上传播时波面的变形过程,可以用于实际中的波浪问题计算.这种改进的Boussinesq方程本身及其求解方法需做进一步的完善.研究结果为实际应用Boussinesq方程来研究复杂地形上的波浪传播提供一定的理论指导.
印楝叶水提物加稳定剂对谷蛾产卵的忌避作用

进行了印楝叶水提物对谷蛾(Tinea granella)成虫产卵忌避活性的仓储试验.根据印楝素的结构特点,通过添加稳定剂处理,增强其稳定性,延长活性物的药效时间.结果表明,印楝叶水提物对谷蛾成虫产卵的忌避作用效果极显著,并以加入植酸+柠檬酸的处理组合效果最理想,处理后第1个5 d和第2个5 d的忌避率分别达到91.0%和81.8%;异抗坏血酸次之,忌避率分别为86.7%和75.7%.
高效液相色谱法测定热带水果中维生素E含量

采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定冷冻干燥处理的11种热带水果中维生素E的含量.使用SB-Phenyl柱,用甲醇/水为流动相,采用紫外检测器在300nm处对样品中的维生素E进行测定,用外标法进行定性定量分析.结果表明:8种热带水果的维生素E质量分数分别为,红毛丹0.935 mg/g,杧果23.9 mg/kg,菠萝蜜17.7 mg/kg,火龙果24.1 mg/kg,菠萝1.28 mg/kg,番木瓜16.5 mg/kg,人心果10.6 mg/kg,草莓20.0mg/kg;尚有龙眼、椰子、荔枝未检出.维生素E质量浓度在2～21 mg/L时,其峰面积与进样质量的线性相关系数达到0.999 7,测定的相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.4%～3.5%(n=6).试样加标回收率为94%～102%.该方法的最小检测质量分数为0.10 mg/kg.