mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Volatile organic chloramines formation during ClO_2 treatment

Volatile organic chloramines are reported as the disinfection byproducts during chlorination or chloramination. However, ClO_2, as an important alternative disinfectant for chlorine, was not considered to produce halogenated amines. In the present work, volatile organic chloramines including (CH_3)+2NCl and CH_3NCl_2 were found to be generated during the reaction of ClO_2 and the dye pollutants. (CH_3)_2NCl was the dominant volatile DBP to result from ClO_2 treated all four dye pollutants including Methyl Orange, Methyl Red, Methylene Blue and Malachite Green, with molar yields ranging from 2.6% to 38.5% at a ClO_2 to precursor (ClO_2/P) molar ratio of 10. HOCl was identified and proved to be the reactive species for the formation of (CH_3)_2NCl, which implied (CH_3)_2NCl was transformed by a combined oxidation of ClO_2 and hypochlorous acid. (CH_3)_2NCl concentrations in the ppb range were observed when real water samples were treated by ClO_2 in the presence of the dye pollutants. The results suggest that these azo dyes are one of the significant precursors for the formation of HOCl during ClO_2 treatment and that organic chloramines should be considered in ClO_2 disinfection chemistry and water treatment.
Toxic effect of perfluorooctane sulfonate on plants in vertical-flow constructed wetlands

Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) can be taken up and bioaccumulated in plants, but the toxic mechanisms of PFASs on wetland plants are still unclear. In present study, the toxic influences of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) on Eichhornia crassipes (E. crassipes) and Cyperus alternifolius (C. alternifolius) in a vertical-subsurface-flow constructed wetland were evaluated. The results showed that E. crassipes was more tolerant to PFOS stress than C. alternifolius, and the growth and chlorophyll synthesis of the two plants were promoted by low concentration (<0.1 mg/L) of PFOS, and the chlorophyll synthesis was inhibited by high concentration (10 mg/L) of PFOS but the growth did not change obviously. The catalase activity and malondialdehyde content in the leaves of the two plants increased, peroxidase activity decreased under exposure to high concentrations of PFOS, and superoxide dismutase activity did not change. Under PFOS stress, the membrane of plant leaves and the cell structure of the two wetland plants were destroyed, and the mitochondrial contour of root cells became incomplete. Tanscriptomic analysis showed that the expression levels of genes related to cell wall formation, the cell apoptosis pathway, material synthesis, and metabolism in the plants were changed by PFOS. Analysis in fluorogenic quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) also confirmed that the photosynthesis system of E. crassipes was inhibited, while that of C. alternifolius was promoted.
Preparation of solar-enhanced AlZnO@carbon nano-substrates for remediation of textile wastewaters

Photoactive aluminum doped ZnO (AlZnO) was synthesized by sol-gel method. After that, AlZnO photocatalyst was deposited on five carbon-based materials (CBMs) using ultrasonic route followed by solid-state mixing using ball mill. The CBMs used were polyaniline (PANI), carbon nitride (CN), carbon nanotubes (CNT), graphene (G), and carbon nanofibers (CNF). The crystal phases, elemental compositions, morphological, and optical properties of the AlZnO@CBMs composites were investigated. Experimental results revealed that two of AlZnO@CBMs composites exhibited superior bleaching efficiency (100% removal) and photocatalytic stability (three cycles) for 50 µmol/L Methylene Blue (MB) contaminated water after 60 min irradiation in visible light at pH 6.5,0.7% H_2O_2, and 5 g/L inorganic salts. Under optimum conditions, AlZnO@CBMs nanocomposites were employed for the treatment of mixed dyestuffs composed of MB, Methyl Orange (MO), Astrazone Blue FRR (BB 69), and Rhodamine B (RhB) dyes under dark, ultraviolet, visible, and direct sunlight. For mixed dyestuffs, the AlZnO@G achieved the highest dye sorption capacity (60.91 µmol dye stuffs/g) with kinetic rate 8.22 × 10~(-3) min~(-1) in 90 min via multi-layer physisorption (Freundlich isotherm) on graphene sheet. In additions, AlZnO@CN offered the highest photo-kinetic rate (Kphoto) of -54.1 × 10~(-3) min~(-1) (93.8% after 60 min) under direct sunlight. Furthermore, the selective radical trapping experiment confirmed that the holes and oxidative superoxide radicals are crucial on dyes photodegradation pathway. Owing to their superior performance, AlZnO@G and AlZnO@CN nanocomposites can offer an effective in-situ solar-assisted adsorption/photocatalytic remediation of textile wastewater effluents.
Carbamazepine degradation by heterogeneous activation of peroxymonosulfate with lanthanum cobaltite perovskite: Performance, mechanism and toxicity

The widely used carbamazepine (CBZ) is one of the most persistent pharmaceuticals and suffers insufficient removal efficiency by conventional wastewater treatment. A synthesized Co-based perovskite (LaCoO_3) was used to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) in order to degrade CBZ. Results showed that LaCoO_3 exhibited an excellent performance in PMS activation and CBZ degradation at neutral pH, with low cobalt leaching. The results of FT-IR and XPS verified the high structurally and chemically stability of LaCoO_3 in PMS activation. Electron spin resonance (ESR) analysis suggested the generation of radical species, such as sulfate radicals (SO_4·-) and hydroxyl radicals (·OH). Radical quenching experiments further revealed the responsibility of SO_4·- as the dominant oxidant for CBZ oxidation. Ten products were detected via the oxidation of CBZ, with the olefinic double bond attacked by SO_4·-as the initial step. Hydroxylation, hydrolysis, cyclization and dehydration were involved along the transformation of CBZ. The toxicity of CBZ solution was significantly reduced after treating by PMS/LaCoO_3.
前清蛋白和视黄醇结合蛋白对儿童肝损害的评估价值

目的探讨前清蛋白(PA)和视黄醇结合蛋白(RBP)对儿童肝脏疾病的诊断价值,并分析其对儿童肝损害程度的预测价值。方法分析2018年1月至11月在南京医科大学附属儿童医院消化科住院的91例肝脏疾病患儿(病例组)资料,按照Child-Pugh分级将肝病患儿分为Child-Pugh A级(62例)、B级(24例)和C级(5例)3组;同时选取45例健康体检儿童为健康对照组,将PA和RBP与常规肝功能指标进行对比分析。结果病例组PA[(0.23±0.06) g/L]和RBP[(28.22±8.01) g/L]水平显著低于健康对照组[(0.26±0.07) g/L、(39.61±10.37) g/L],差异均有统计学意义(t=2.26、7.06,均P<0.05);PA和RBP受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)下面积(AUC)分别为0.616和0.814,RBP预测作用较明显,敏感性为88.9%,特异性为61.5%;PA与天冬氨酸转氨酸(AST)、总胆红素(TBIL)、结合胆红素(DBIL)和清蛋白(ALB)有明显相关性(均P<0.05),与丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)无相关性,RBP与ALT、AST、TBIL、DBIL和ALB均无相关性(均P>0.05)。Child-Pugh A级PA水平为(0.23±0.06) g/L,Child-Pugh B级为(0.14±0.02) g/L,Child-Pugh C级为(0.10±0.06) g/L,不同病情程度间PA差异有统计学意义(F=36.198,P<0.05);RBP在不同病情程度间差异无统计学意义(F=0.958,P>0.05)。回归分析显示,肝脏疾病患儿病情程度与PA相关(R~2=0.408,F=7.074,P<0.05)。结论PA和RBP对儿童肝脏疾病具有一定的诊断价值,PA可以很好地评估肝损害程度。
Ga-(Nb+Ta)-(Nb/Ta)(Zr/Hf) Ternary Diagram: An Excellent Tool for Discriminating Barren and Ta-Hosting Granite-Pegmatite Systems

Discriminating barren and fertile intrusions is one of the main challenges in the search for rare-element pegmatites. Diagrams comprising more than one element can make discrimination of productive and barren samples more valid. These diagrams distinguish samples by simultaneous means of positive and/or negative correlations between variables. A ternary diagram for S-type peraluminous granites has been obtained in this study. Firstly, a database composed of Ta-bearing and barren granitic systems was created, then geochemical behavior of trace elements was studied, and statistical investigations were done using GCDkit software, which resulted in the Ga-(Nb+Ta)-(Nb/Ta)(Zr/Hf) ternary diagram which can distinguish the non-mineralized granites from productive ones. The Ta-bearing samples, which are situated in the fertile field in the diagram, are those which have high Nb and Ta contents, elevated Ga content and the lowest Nb/Ta and Zr/Hf values.
Experiments on the Saturation of Fluorite in Magmatic Systems: Implications for Maximum F Concentration and Fluorine-Cation Bonding in Silicate Melt

The effects of melt composition, temperature and pressure on the solubility of fluorite (CaF_2), i.e., fluorine concentration in silicate melts in equilibrium with fluorite, are summarized in this paper. The authors present a statistic study based on experimental data in literature and propose a predictive model to estimate F concentration in melt at the saturation of fluorite (C_(F in melt)~(Fl-sat)). The modeling indicates that the compositional effect of melt cations on the variation in C_(F in melt)~(Fl-sat) can be expressed quantitatively as one parameter FSI (fluorite saturation index): FSI=(3Al~(NM)+Fe~(2+)+6Mg+Ca+1.5Na–K)/(Si+Ti+AlNF+Fe~(3+)), in which all cations are in mole, and AlNF and AlNM are Al as network-forming and network-modifying cations, respectively. The dependence of C_(F in melt)~(Fl-sat) on FSI is regressed as: C_(F in melt)~(Fl-sat) = 1.130–2.014·exp (1 000/T)+2.747·exp (P/T)+0.111·C_(melt)~(H_2O) +17.641·FSI, in which T is temperature in Kelvin, P is pressure in MPa, C_(melt)~(H_2O) is melt H_2O content in wt.%, and C_(F in melt)~(Fl-sat) is in wt.% (normalized to anhydrous basis). The reference dataset used to establish the expression for conditions within 540–1 010 ºC, 50–500 MPa, 0–7 wt.% melt H_2O content, 0.4 to 1.7 for A/CNK, 0.3 wt.%–7.0 wt.% for C_(F in melt)~(Fl-sat). The discrepancy of C_(F in melt)~(Fl-sat) between calculated and measured values is less than ±0.62 wt.% with a confidence interval of 95%. The expression of FSI and its effect on C_(F in melt)~(Fl-sat) indicate that fluorine incorporation in silicate melts is largely controlled by bonding with network-modifying cations, favorably with Mg, AlNM, Na, Ca and Fe~(2+) in a decreasing order. The proposed model for predicting C_(F in melt)~(Fl-sat) is also supported by our new experiments saturated with magmatic fluorite performed at 100–200 MPa and 800–900 ºC. The modeling of magma fractional crystallization emphasizes that the saturation of fluorite is dependent on both the compositions of primary magmas and their initial F contents.
Structural Networks Constraints on Alteration and Mineralization Processes in the Jiaojia Gold Deposit, Jiaodong Peninsula, China

Structural network studies could give appropriate opportunities to understanding structural/hydrothermal events, transportation of ore-forming fluids and water/rock interaction process. Four structural deformation/hydrothermal events have been identified in the Jiaojia fault zone according to microtexture and deformation of quartz and feldspars. Plagioclase experienced ductile deformation period with bended polysynthetic twin stripes (>450 ºC) in the early stage, followed by K-feldspar alteration period with ductile-brittle deformation and subgrain rotation recrystallization of quartz (380–450 ºC). Then, sericitization period occurred extensive ductile-brittle deformation (350–420 ºC) and extensive subgrain rotation recrystallization with a little bulging recrystallization in quartz. In the last, gold precipitation-related pyrite-sericite-quartz alteration was dominated by brittle deformation (300–380 ºC) and total bulging recrystallization of quartz. From the K-feldspar alteration zone and sericitization zone to pyrite-sericitequartz alteration zone, fractal dimension values of dynamically recrystallized quartz grains increase from 1.07 and 1.24 to 1.32, the calculated paleo strain rate values of dynamically recrystallized quartz range from 10~(-10.7) (380 ºC)–10~(-9.6) (450 ºC) and 10~(-9.3) (350 ºC)–10~(-8.2) (420 ºC) to 10~(-9.5) (300 ºC)–10~(-8.0) (380 ºC), and the paleo differential stress values increase from 36.9 and 39.3, to 121.3 MPa. The increase of fractal dimension values and decrease of grain size from pyrite-sericite-quartz alteration zone and sericitization zone to K-feldspar alteration zone decreased average water/rock ratio values, which could lead to different acidity and redox conditions of ore-forming fluids and mineralization differences. Two kinds of orecontrolling fractures have been distinguished which include the gentle dip types (18º–50º) with NW (315º–355º) and SW (180º–235º) dip hosting No. I orebodies and the steep dip types (74º–90º) with NE (45º–85º) and SE (95º–165º) dip hosting No. III orebodies. These faults/fractures crosscut altered Linglong granite of footwall of the Jiaojia fault zone as rhombohedrons that promoted the connection between fractures in the K-feldspar alteration zone and fluid flow passages near the main fault face. Research results indicate No. I and No. III orebodies should be derived from the same mineralization event and belong to different orebody types in different mineralization sites under the same structural networks.
Using the modified Delphi method to research the influencing factors of longterm health-related quality of life in patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms after endovascular treatment

Background: The purpose of this study was to use the modified Delphi method to identify the influencing factors of health-related quality of life(HRQoL)in patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms(UIAs)after endovascular treatment. Methods: A modified Delphi method to obtain expert consensus on the content of potential influencing factors of HRQoL in patients with UIAs treated by endovascular intervention was employed. The research team consists of three neuroradiologists and one epidemiologist from Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University. They randomly selected 21 well-known experts in cerebrovascular disease diagnosis and treatment as participating experts. The importance of the indicator is based on the 5-Likert scale. The standard deviation(SD), coefficient of variation(CV), mean(x), and minimum and maximum scores of each indicator were calculated. The consistency was described by Kendall coefficient of concordance with a p value < 0.05 indicating that the expert consistency was high. Result: Twenty-one and 18 questionnaires were responded in 2 rounds, with effective response rates of 85.7% and 100.0%, respectively. The average authoritative coefficient(Cr)of all 21 experts was 0.88, familiarity with the indicators(Cs)was 0.82, and the judgment basis of the indicators(Ca)was 0.94. Eventually, the x values of arterial puncture hematoma, hyperlipidemia, gender, marital status, and hospitalization for other diseases were lower than 3.5; CV for marital status and gender was higher than 0.35. The Kendall coefficient of concordance in the first round was 0.19(p < 0.001), and the second round was 0.15(p < 0.001). Conclusion: In this study, the factors affecting the recovery of HRQoL after endovascular treatment in patients with UIAs were analyzed by the modified Delphi method, which provided a valuable evidence for the clinical management and daily life guidance for UIAs patients.
Understanding the Li diffusion mechanism and positive effect of current collector volume expansion in anode free batteries

In anode free batteries (AFBs),the current collector acts as anode simultaneously and has large volume expansion which is generally considered as a negative effect decreasing the structural stability of a battery.Moreover,despite many studies on the fast lithium diffusion in the current collector materials of AFB such as copper and aluminum,the involved Li diffusion mechanism in these materials remains poorly understood.Through first-principles calculation and stress-assisted diffusion equations,here we study the Li diffusion mechanism in several current collectors and related alloys and clarify the effect of volume expansion on Li diffusion respectively.It is suggested that due to the lower Li migration barriers in aluminum and tin,they should be more suitable to be used as AFB anodes,compared to copper,silver,and lead.The Li diffusion facilitation in copper with a certain number of vacancies is proposed to explain why the use of copper with a thickness ≤ 100 nm as the protective coating on the anode improves the lifetime of the batteries.We show that the volume expansion has a positive effect on Li diffusion via mechanical–electrochemical coupling.Namely,the volume expansion caused by Li diffusion will further induce stress which in turn affects the diffusion.These findings not only provide in-depth insight into the operating principle of AFBs,but also open a new route toward design of improved anode through utilizing the positive effect of mechanical–electrochemical coupling.
Effect of Sn and Al additions on the microstructure and mechanical properties of amorphous Ti–Cu–Zr–Ni alloys

Amorphous Ti–Cu–Zr–Ni alloys with minor addition of Sn and Al were prepared by melt spinning technique.The effects of Sn and Al additions on the microstructures and mechanical properties of glassy ribbons were investigated.The amorphous state of ribbons was confirmed by x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy,where those ribbons with Sn addition exhibited a fully amorphous state.The characteristic temperature indicates that Ti_(45)Cu_(35)Zr_(10)Ni_5Sn_5 alloy has a stronger glass-forming ability,as proven by differential scanning calorimetry.Ti_(45)Cu_(35)Zr_(10)Ni_5Al_5 alloy showed a better hardness of 9.23 GPa and elastic modulus of 127.15 GPa and good wear resistance.Ti_(45)Cu_(35)Zr_(10)Ni_5Sn_5 alloy displayed a pop-in event related to discrete plasticity according to nanoindentation.When the temperature is below 560 K,Ti_(45)Cu_(35)Zr_(10)Ni_5Sn_5 alloy mainly exhibits elasticity.When the temperature rises between 717 K and 743 K,it shows a significant increase in elasticity but decrease in viscoelasticity after the ribbon experiences the main relaxation at 717 K.When the temperature is above 743 K,the ribbon shows viscoplasticity.
Design of NO_2 photoacoustic sensor with high reflective mirror based on low power blue diode laser

An NO_2 photoacoustic sensor system with a high reflective mirror based on a low power blue diode laser is developed in this work.The excitation power is enhanced by increasing the number of reflections.Comparing with a traditional photoacoustic system,the pool constant is improved from 300.24 (Pa·cm)/W to 1450.64 (Pa·cm)/W,and the signal sensitivity of the photoacoustic sensor is increased from 0.016 μV/ppb to 0.2562 μV/ppb.The characteristics of temperature and humidity of the new photoacoustic sensor are also obtained,and the algorithm is adjusted to provide a quantitative response and drift of the resonance frequency.The results of this research provide a new method and concept for further developing the NO_2 photoacoustic sensors.
非甾体抗炎药在癌痛治疗中的进展

非甾体抗炎药(non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,NSAIDs)作为基础药物,被广泛应用于癌痛治疗领域。随着治疗经验的逐步累积,临床针对传统“三阶梯镇痛原则”产生了不同看法:有研究认为针对中度癌痛,单独使用NSAIDs或强阿片药物降级使用的治疗效果可能不劣于NSAIDs与弱阿片药物联用;同时,NSAIDs作为核心药物与强阿片药物联用针对重度癌痛病人的中长期使用风险及收益有待商榷。近年来,新型NSAIDs的面世也为癌痛治疗提供了更新更多样的治疗手段,在使用相关药品时应警惕药品不良反应,关注合理配伍及个体化用药。本文对近年来NSAIDs在癌痛治疗领域的研究进展进行了归纳与总结,着重论述了临床实践经验与传统指南的不同点。
New process development and process evaluation for capturing CO_2 in flue gas from power plants using ionic liquid [emim][Tf_2N]

Using the ionic liquid [emim][Tf_2N] as a physical solvent, it was found by Aspen Plus simulation that it was possible to attempt to capture CO_2 from the flue gas discharged from the coal-fired unit of the power plant. Using the combination of model calculation and experimental determination, the density, isostatic heat capacity,viscosity, vapor pressure, thermal conductivity, surface tension and solubility of [emim][Tf_2N] were obtained. Based on the NRTL model, the Henry coefficient and NRTL binary interaction parameters of CO_2 dissolved in [emim][Tf_2N] were obtained by correlating [emim][Tf_2N] with the gas-liquid equilibrium data of CO_2. Firstly,the calculated relevant data is imported into Aspen Plus, and thewhole process model of the ionic liquid absorption process is established. Then the absorption process is optimized according to the temperature distribution in the absorption tower to obtain a new absorption process. Finally, the density, constant pressure heat capacity,surface tension, thermal conductivity, and viscosity of [emim][Tf_2N] were changed to investigate the effect of ionic liquid properties on process energy consumption, solvent circulation and heat exchanger design. The results showed that based on the composition of the inlet gas streamto the absorbers, CO_2with a capture rate of 90% and a mass purity higher than 99.5% was captured. These results indicate that the [emim][Tf_2N] could be used as a physical solvent for CO_2 capture from coal-fired units. In addition, the results will provide a theoretical basis for the design of new ionic liquids for CO_2 capture.
儿童视路胶质瘤的诊治新理念

儿童视路胶质瘤是原发于视觉通路的低级别胶质瘤,其临床表现多样,预后差异较大。目前,国内外对其诊断和治疗仍存在争议,低龄儿童的化疗和年长儿童的放疗是当前的主要治疗手段。手术面临的最大问题在于如何保护患儿的视力和视野不受损伤,术中在切除肿瘤的同时会牵拉甚至损伤视觉纤维。因此,临床不应盲目追求肿瘤全切除,应在保护视觉纤维的基础上最大程度地切除肿瘤。后续再辅以放、化疗控制残余肿瘤,在保障患儿较长生存期的同时减少对患儿生存质量的影响。
Model-driven degradation modeling approaches: Investigation and review

The second law of thermodynamics implies that any animate and inanimate systems degrade and inevitably stops functioning. It is irreversible over time that can be labeled as ‘‘the degradation arrow of time”. From perspective of products' reliability design, it is essential to build appropriate models of describing the degradation arrow of time. The current modeling approaches mainly include the model-driven (having assumed forms based on cognitive experience of mankind) and data-driven (using data learning techniques without form hypothesis) approaches. In this paper, we just investigate and review the model-driven degradation approaches, hoping to provide suggestions of the model construction or selection for scholars or engineers. First, for the single mechanism, degradation law models and stochastic process models are classified as separately depicting the tendency and fluctuation of degradation. For the degradation law model, we propose the concept of meta-models as original types for various personal models. For the stochastic process model, two main types including the non-monotonic and monotonical types are presented. Then, four multi-mechanism degradation types are discussed, that are competitive degradation, multi-stage degradation, coexistence of degradation and impact, and coexistence of degradation and failure. Besides, for the multi-performance degradation, independent and coupling models are introduced. The forms, connotations, applicability and insufficiency of these models are described with a series of examples from the literature and our own experiences. The final explicit suggestions about the potential future work are provided for the development of new degradation models.
巨大腹膜后脂肪肉瘤1例

腹膜后脂肪肉瘤是临床上少见、复发率高的恶性肿瘤。手术治疗是目前首选的治疗方法,而充分的术前评估、多学科诊疗模式下的团队协作、完善的预案与准备、精准的手术操作及术中、术后规范化的管理,是手术成功、患者顺利康复的重要保障。随着以手术切除为主,联合放疗、分子靶向治疗等规范化综合治疗模式的形成,加强肿瘤防治科普教育,增强民众的肿瘤防治意识,将极大地改善腹膜后脂肪肉瘤患者的预后。
Mean platelet volume in the first trimester as a predictor of gestational diabetes mellitus

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) manifests as different degrees of carbohydrate intolerance during pregnancy. According to several studies, GDM affects 4% to 25% of pregnant women. The majority of patients with GDM have varying levels of insulin resistance and chronic low-grade inflammation, which are related to vascular injury and dysfunction and subsequent platelet activation. Consequently, platelet activation may be closely related to GDM severity. The mean platelet volume (MPV) is one of the indexes used to evaluate platelet morphology and activity. An elevated MPV has been demonstrated to be related to cardiovascular diseases and other conditions, such as hypertension and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. To our knowledge, few studies have demonstrated the relationship between the MPV and GDM. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of the MPV for GDM in the first trimester.