mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Effects of Different Tillage Systems on Soil Properties,Root Growth,Grain Yield,and Water Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Arid Northwest China

Studies on root development, soil physical properties, grain yield, and water-use efficiency are important for identifying suitable soil management practices for sustainable crop production. A field experiment was conducted from 2006 through 2008 in arid northwestern China to determine the effects of four tillage systems on soil properties, root development, water-use efficiency, and grain yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The cultivar Fan 13 was grown under four tillage systems:conventional tillage (CT) without wheat stubble, no-tillage without wheat stubble mulching (NT), no-tillage with wheat stubble standing (NTSS), and no-tillage with wheat stubble mulching (NTS). The soil bulk density (BD) under CT system increased gradually from sowing to harvest, but that in NT, NTSS, and NTS systems had little change. Compared to the CT system, the NTSS and NTS systems improved total soil water storage (0-150 cm) by 6.1-9.6 and 10.5- 15.3% before sowing, and by 2.2-8.9 and 13.0-15.1% after harvest, respectively. The NTSS and NTS systems also increased mean dry root weight density (DRWD) as compared to CT system. The NTS system significantly improved water-use efficiency by 17.2-17.5% and crop yield by 15.6-16.8%, and the NTSS system improved that by 7.8-9.6 and 7.0-12.8%, respectively, compared with the CT system. Our results suggested that Chinese farmers should consider adopting conservation tillage practices in arid northwestern China because of benefits to soil bulk density, water storage, root system, and winter wheat yield.
Mechanical Harvesting Effects on Seed Yield Loss,Quality Traits and Profitability of Winter Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.)

China is one of the most important rapeseed producing countries in the world. Effective mechanical harvesting time for decreasing harvesting loss of winter oilseed rape has been becoming a critical factor. An elite cultivar Zhongshuang 11 (Brassica napus L.) was employed in two rounds of field experiments from 2009 to 2011. Seeds were sown with machine, three combine harvesting times namely combine harvesting A, B, and C (CHA, CHB, and CHC) were designed and manual harvesting (MH) as control was performed at maturity. The harvesting treatments were determined according to color of pod and seed in the field. Seed yield loss and quality in different treatments were evaluated. Results showed that both seed yields and harvesting losses in 2009-2010 were higher than that in 2010-2011, whereas seed oil contents in 2010-2011 were higher than that in 2009-2010. The highest yield appeared in CHB, which was significantly higher than that in MH. Furthermore, harvesting loss in CHB were 50% that in MH. Seed oil content and chlorophyll exhibited no obvious difference between CHB and MH. Economic profit analysis demonstrated that mechanical sowing/combine harvesting (MS/CH) showed an input/output ratio of 1:1.6, and it was 1:1.2 in mechanical sowing/manual harvesting (MS/MH). Labor-cost accounted for more than 70% of the total cost in MS/MH, which led to low profitability to a great extent. Our results suggested that CHB was the optimum harvesting time for winter oilseed rape along the Yangtze River.
Spatio-Temporal Changes of Soil Salinity in Arid Areas of South Xinjiang Using Electromagnetic Induction

The aim of this paper was to research the spatio-temporal changes in total soluble salt content (TS) in a typical arid region of South Xinjiang, China, where the climate is arid and soil salinization happens easily. The total soluble salt content was interpreted by measurements made in the horizontal mode with EM38 and EM31. The electromagnetic induction (EM) surveys were made three times with the apparent soil electrical conductivity (ECa) measurements taken at 3 873 locations in Nov. 2008, 4 807 locations in Apr. 2009 and 6 324 locations in Nov. 2009, respectively. For interpreting the ECa measurements into total soluble salt content, calibtion sites were needed for EM survey of each time, e.g., 66 sites were selected in Nov. 2008 to measure ECa, and soils-core samples were taken by different depth layers of 0-10, 10-20 and 20-40 cm at the same time. On every time duplicate samples were taken at five sites to allevaite the local-scale variability, and soil temperatures in different layers through the profiles were also measured. Factors including TS, pH, water content, bulk density were analyzed by lab experiments. ECa calibration equations were obtained by linear regression analysis, which indicated that soil salinity was one primary concern to ECa with a determination coefficient of 0.792 in 0-10 cm layer, 0.711 in 10-20 cm layer and 0.544 in 20-40 cm layer, respectively. The maps of spatial distribution were predicted by Kriging interpolation, which showed that the high soil salinity was located near the drainage canal, which validated the trend effect caused by the irrigation canal and the drainage canal. And by comparing the soil salinity in different layers, the soluble salt accumulated to the top soil surface only in the area where the soil salinization was serious, and in the other areas, the soil salinity trended to increase from the top soil surface to 40 cm depth. Temporal changes showed that the soil salinity in November was higher than that in April, and the soil salinization trended to aggravate, especially in the top soil layer of 0-10 cm.
Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Toxoplasma gondii from Chickens in China

One strain of Toxoplasma gondii was successfully isolated from chickens in China by bioassay in mice. Antibodies and circulating antigens of T. gondii were assayed by the ELISA kits in 100 free range chickens from a rural area surrounding Funing, China. Fifty-three chickens were antibody-positive and 21 chickens were antigen positive. Hearts, brains, spleens, lungs, livers, and kidneys of 21 antibody or antigen-positive chickens were bioassayed in mice. One strain of T. gondii was isolated from 1 of 21 (4.76%) chickens. The isolated T. gondii killed all of the inoculated mice. Genotyping of this isolate using polymorphisms at the loci 5′-SAG2, 3′-SAG2, SAG3, cB21-4, L358, BTUB, and GRA6 revealed that it was Type I. These indicated that it was virulent for mice. This is the first report of isolation of T. gondii from chickens in China.
Comparison of Crop Model Validation Methods

In this paper, the many indices used in validation of crop models, such as RMSE (root mean square errors), S_d (standard error of absolute difference), d_a (mean absolute difference), d_(ap) (ratio of d_a to the mean observation), r (correlation), and R~2 (determination coefficient), are compared for the same rice architectural parameter model, and their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. A new index for validation of crop models, d_(ap) between the observed and the simulated values, is proposed, with d_(ap)<5% as the suggested standard for precision of crop models. The different kinds of validation methods in crop models should be combined in the following aspects:(1) calculating d_a and d_(ap); (2) calculating the RMSE or S_d; (3) calculating r and R~2, at the same time, plotting 1:1 diagram.
~(18)F-FDG PET/CT联合增强CT诊断肾炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤一例

IMT病因尚不明，曾被认为可能是炎性反应或创伤后增生反应性病变，称为炎性假瘤，目前已知肌纤维母细胞是其主要细胞类型，该病是一种真性肿瘤，而非“假瘤”。WHO新定义为“由分化的肌纤维母细胞性梭形细胞组成的，常伴大量浆细胞和（或）淋巴细胞的一种肿瘤”；为纤维母细胞/肌纤维母细胞肿瘤、中间性、少数可转移类。
The Ca~(2+)-dependent DNases are Involved in Secondary Xylem Development in Eucommia ulmoides

Secondary xylem development has long been recognized as a typical case of programmed cell death (PCD) in plants. During PCD, the degradation of genomic DNA is catalyzed by endonucleases. However, to date, no endonuclease has been shown to participate in secondary xylem development. Two novel Ca~(2+)-dependent DNase genes, EuCaN1 and EuCaN2, were identified from the differentiating secondary xylem of the tree Eucommia ulmoides Oliv., their functions were studied by DNase activity assay, in situ hybridization, protein immunolocalization and virus-induced gene silencing experiments. Full-length cDNAs of EuCaN1 and EuCaN2 contained an open reading frame of 987 bp, encoding two proteins of 328 amino acids with SNase-like functional domains. The genomic DNA sequence for EuCaN1 had no introns, while EuCaN2 had 8 introns. EuCaN1 and EuCaN2 digested ssDNA and dsDNA with Ca~(2+)-dependence at neutral pH. Their expression was confined to differentiating secondary xylem cells and the proteins were localized in the nucleus. Their activity dynamics was closely correlated with secondary xylem development. Secondary xylem cell differentiation is influenced by RNAi of endonuclease genes. The results provide evidence that the Ca~(2+)-dependent DNases are involved in secondary xylem development.
Broadband Brillouin slow light with multiple-longitudinal-mode,tunable pump

We propose and demonstrate broadband Brillouin slow light using a multiple-longitudinal-mode tunable fiber laser as Brillouin pump. A tunable broadband Brillouin pump with a tuning range from 1 520 to 1 555 nm is generated using a fiber ring laser with a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) as its gain medium. The pump spectrum consists of a large number of longitudinal modes separated by 6 MHz. The 3-dB bandwidth is about 11.5 GHz, and its fluctuation is less than 100 MHz within the tuning range. An 8-Gb/s data signal can be delayed by up to 83.0 ps (bit error rate < 10~(-9)) at 17-dBm pump power.
非洲与阿拉伯世界潜在的地质公园——第一届非洲和阿拉伯地质公园国际大会综述

20世纪末由联合国教科文组织倡导的地质公园计划在世界上得到了很大的发展，在地质遗迹保护、科普教育和区域经济发展方面取得了可喜的成绩。中国为在世界上推动地质公园计划作出了贡献，积累了宝贵的经验。中国地质公园建设已迈入发展高峰时期，始终要坚持地质公园可持续发展的方向。当前及今后一段时间，中国地质公园建设工作重点体现以下几个方面。首先，紧密结合全国地质遗迹资源的特点和地质遗迹区划评价的成果，开展国家地质公园总体规划工作，以总量控制、平衡发展、提升质量、打造品牌为原则，在地质遗迹保护、科普、科学研究、信息化、解说体系等方面形成具体规划，在未来10年再建设近300家国家地质公园。其次，建立世界-国家-省地级的多级地质公园管理体系，简化申报材料和严格评审程序，完善中央政府、地方政府和公园多级投资体制，实行地质公园督察员和专家库制度，加强管理，促进国家地质公园又快又好的发展。同时，积极推动地质公园政策法规建设，尽快出台地质公园法，建立完善地质公园地质遗迹政策法规体系，在现有地质公园保护了7万多平方千米地质遗迹的基础上，更有效地保护各类重要的地质遗迹，促进地学科普教育工作的发展。最后，积极发展地学旅游，地质公园是当前旅游业中发展最快的旅游产品之一，所占比重逐年增加，同时增加了就业机会，有利于产业结构调整，在促进地方经济社会快速发展中发挥着积极作用，加强地质公园建设，更好地体现地质工作服务于区域经济和社会的发展。
金属蛋白酶-9及其抑制因子-1在脓毒症致多器官功能障碍综合征中的作用

多器官功能障碍综合征（multiple organ dysfunction syndrome，MODS)是不同病因导致的以多个脏器功能障碍和内环境紊乱为特点的临床综合征，病程包括早期器官功能障碍的发生到衰竭全过程，炎症反应、凝血激活、免疫应答失调共存于MODS发病过程，其中免疫应答失调是最重要的致病因素。机体这种免疫应答失调的过程，严重时在临床上表现为全身炎症反应综合征(systemic inflammation response syndrome， SIRS)，进而发展为MODS。 20世纪90年代已达成了”MODS；是过度的SIRS或过度代偿性全身抗炎反应综合征(compensatory antinflammatory response syndrome，CARS)引起的的多器官功能障碍”的共识。而脓毒症是机体针对微生物感染的SIRS，1991年胸外医师协会和危重病学会在芝加哥联合召开的讨论会上即已明确指出，脓毒症是导致MODS的主要原因。而基质金属蛋白酶-9 (matrix metalloproteinase-9，MMP-9及其抑制因子-1 (tissue inhibitor of metallopoteinases-1， TlMP-1)在脓毒症致MODS病程中起了重要作用。
Estimating Complex Covariance by Observing Two Variables at a Time

The estimation of covariance matrices is central in array signal processing systems. This note addresses complex covariance estimation for the situation, where the complex data are available only as independent pairwise sets (observations) corresponding to individual elements of the matrix. The formulation for the empirical estimate and the normal maximum likelihood estimate is developed for the general case of different sample sizes for each observation. The approach allows, for example, the estimate of the p by p covariance matrix of a p-port sensor array from a two-port measurement instrument.
The Isentropic Exponent of Single-Ionized Mono-Atomic Plasmas

The isentropic exponent of single-ionized mono-atomic plasmas in thermal equilibrium is studied. Its behavior as a function of the ionization degree and temperature is examined for argon and zinc plasmas at two pressures (1 bar and 1 mbar, 1 mPa and 1 Pa), respectively. The results show that for the two sorts of plasma the isentropic exponent equals typically about 1.1~1.2 within a considerably wide range of the ionization degree (5%~80%).
Clinical,serological and genetic predictors of inflammatory bowel disease course

Patients with extensive or complicated Crohn’s disease(CD) at diagnosis should be treated straightaway with immunosuppressive therapy according to the most recent guidelines.In patients with localized and uncomplicated CD at diagnosis,early use of immunosuppressive therapy is debated for preventing disease progression and limiting the disabling clinical impact.In this context,there is a need for predictors of benign or unfavourable subsequent clinical course,in order to avoid over-treating with risky drugs those patients who would have experienced spontaneous mid-term asymptomatic disease without progression towards irreversible intestinal lesions.At diagnosis,an age below 40 years,the presence of perianal lesions and the need for treating the first flare with steroids have been consistently associated with an unfavourable subsequent 5-year or 10-year clinical course.The positive predictive value of unfavourable course in patients with 2 or 3 predictors ranges between 0.75 and 0.95 in population-based and referral centre cohorts.Consequently,the use of these predictors can be integrated into the elements that influence individual decisions.In the CD postoperative context,keeping smoking and history of prior resection are the stron-gest predictors of disease symptomatic recurrence.However,these clinical predictors alone are not as reliable as severity of early postoperative endoscopic recurrence in clinical practice.In ulcerative colitis(UC),extensive colitis at diagnosis is associated with unfavourable clinical course in the first 5 to 10 years of the disease,and also with long-term colectomy and colorectal inflammation-associated colorectal cancer.In patients with extensive UC at diagnosis,a rapid step-up strategy aiming to achieve sustained deep remission should therefore be considered.At the moment,no reliable serological or genetic predictor of inflammatory bowel disease clinical course has been identified.
老年Pilon骨折30例治疗疗效评价

Pilon骨折治疗目标包括关节表面解剖复位和生物力线维持;合适的长度和旋转功能很关键,保留和最大限度恢复踝关节和距下关节活动〔1〕。同时要考虑伤口问题、骨髓炎、骨折畸形愈合、骨不连、针道感染和内植物失败等典型并发症的预防。老年人由于身体功能退化，骨质疏松明显，并发症较多，Pilon骨折更大大增加了治疗难度。本文回顾性分析老年Pilon骨折患者手术治疗和保守治疗的疗效。
Wnt信号通路在前列腺癌中的研究进展

前列腺癌在世界癌症总发病数中占十分之一,全球范围内每年约有20万患者死于前列腺癌〔1〕。前列腺癌的发病原因迄今仍不清楚,越来越多的研究发现Wnt信号通路在前列腺癌发生发展中具有非常重要的作用。本文对Wnt信号通路在前列腺癌发生发展中的作用进行综述。
艰难梭菌感染治疗进展

艰难梭菌感染(Clostridium difficile infection,CDI)是抗生素相关性腹泻(antibiotic-associated diarrhea,AAD)的常见原因。由于抗菌药物不合理使用,AAD发病有日益增多的趋势,已引起了广大医务工作者的高度重视。艰难梭菌是一种条件致病菌,约占正常人肠道菌的3.0%,为革兰阳性厌氧杆菌,其致病因子是艰难梭菌毒素A和B,确诊需要检测粪便中细胞毒素。近30年来CDI的传统治疗是轻度患者停用相关抗菌药物,对于中度以上及症状持续的患者,予口服甲硝唑或万古霉素两种抗菌药物治疗。上述两种药物对控制急性感染常有效,但停药后20.0%~25.0%患者有多次复发现象,临床效果不如人意;另一个问题是这两种药物除了治疗作用外,其本身也可引起CDI。随着新的毒性更强艰难梭菌株027/NAP1/BI(核酸分型电泳分型为027,脉冲场凝胶电泳分型为NAP1,限制性内切酶分型为BI)的出现和流行,以及国内外均出现耐甲硝唑和万古霉素的艰难梭菌,CDI病死率大大升高,传统治疗面临严峻挑战,所以有必要探索新的治疗方法。笔者就国内外CDI的治疗进展进行综述。
WHO新版疫苗批签发指导原则介绍

世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)疫苗批签发指导原则(Guidelines for Independent Lot Release of Vaccines by Regulatory Authorities)历经3年,在广泛征求来自不同国家的国家监管部门(National Regulatory Authority,NRA)、国家检定实验室(National Control Laboratory,NCL)、疫苗生产商和研究部门代表以及生物制品标准化专家委员会(Expert Committee on Biological Standardization,ECBS)专家组的意见和建议基础上达成了共识。该指导原则经专家委员会审议后,发表在WHO的技术报告中。
Particle/metal-based monolithic catalysts dual-bed reactor with beds-interspace supplementary oxygen:Construction and performance for oxidative coupling of methane

A novel particle/metal-based monolithic catalysts dual-bed reactor with beds-interspace supplementary oxygen is constructed comprising of the upper-layer 5wt%Na_2WO_4-2wt%Mn/SiO_2 particle catalyst and the under-layer 3 wt%Ce-5 wt%Na_2WO_4-2 wt%Mn/SBA-15/Al_2O_3 /FeCrAl metal-based monolithic catalyst as well as a side tube in the interspaces of two layers for supplementing O_2.The reaction performance of oxidative coupling of methane(OCM) in the dual-bed reactor system is evaluated.The effects of the reaction parameters such as feed CH_4 /O_2 ratio,reaction temperature and side tube feed O_2 flowrate on the catalytic performance are investigated.The results indicate that the suggested mode of dual-bed reactor exhibits an excellent performance for OCM.CH_4 conversion of 33.2%,C_2H_4 selectivity of 46.5% and C_2 yield of 22.5% could be obtained,which have been increased by 6.4%,4.1% and 5.5%,respectively,as compared with 5 wt%Na_2WO_4-2 wt%Mn/SiO_2 particle catalyst in a single-bed reactor and increased by 10.7%,31.9% and 17.7%,respectively,as compared with 3 wt%Ce-5 wt%Na_2WO_4-2 wt%Mn/SBA-15/Al_2O_3 /FeCrAl metal-based monolithic catalyst in a single-bed reactor.The effective promotion of OCM performance in the reactor would supply a valuable reference for the industrialization of OCM process.
中医方剂名称英译的归化与异化

随着中外文化交流的增加,当前的翻译理论对译文文化因素的要求日益提高。归化和异化翻译作为与语言及文化密切相关的翻译策略逐渐受到人们的重视,对它们的争论也不曾终止。译者一方面要忠实于原文,另一方面又要使译文流畅,符合译文读者的思维习惯。异化与归化两种方法均有其自身的价值,应相辅相成,共同使翻译起到跨越不同文化的桥梁作用。笔者从中医方剂名称翻译的具体情况出发,阐述归化及异化翻译各自的优势与劣势,以及这两种翻译策略对中医方剂名称的理解与学习造成的影响。
降脂口服液对高脂血症患者有关炎性因子及血管活性物质的影响

高脂血症是导致动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis,AS)引起心血管疾病的主要危险因子。笔者于2008年4-9月采用中药制剂降脂口服液治疗高脂血症患者,观察其对有关炎性因子及血管生物活性物质的影响。现报告如下。
钢板内固定联合人工全髋关节置换治疗老年移位性髋臼骨折

目的总结钢板内固定联合人工全髋关节置换治疗老年移位性髋臼骨折的临床疗效。方法2004年5月-2009年5月,采用钢板内固定联合人工全髋关节置换治疗32例老年单髋移位性髋臼骨折。男27例,女5例;年龄60~83岁,平均67岁。致伤原因:交通事故伤12例,跌伤14例,高处坠落伤6例。受伤至手术时间为3~16 d,平均7 d。髋臼骨折根据Letournel分型标准:前柱骨折9例,前壁骨折8例,T型骨折12例,前柱合并后半横型骨折1例,后壁合并横型骨折2例。合并骨质疏松12例。结果术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合,无相关并发症发生。患者均获随访,随访时间25~89个月,平均42.2个月。术后2~4个月患者均能完全负重行走,平均3.5个月。末次随访时髋关节Harris评分为78~91分,平均85分。6例发生异位骨化,1例发生骨溶解;其余患者随访期间均无假体松动和下沉。结论钢板内固定联合人工全髋关节置换适用于治疗合并创伤性关节炎、股骨头骨折、股骨颈骨折、软骨损伤的老年移位性髋臼骨折,临床疗效满意。
胃血管球瘤1例

讨论：血管球瘤少见，最早由Wood在1812年首次报道，平滑肌瘤等其他间叶源性肿瘤可能会有相似的影像学表现。笔者认为：胃内（特别是胃窦部）出现单一的黏膜下均质的软组织肿块，直径<3cm，边缘清晰，表面可出现类似溃疡的小凹陷，增强扫描肿瘤明显均匀持续强化，应考虑血管球瘤的可能性，确诊仍需病理诊断。
乳腺曼氏迭宫绦虫裂头蚴病超声表现1例

患者女,54岁.2年前偶然发现右乳有一小包块,无明显疼痛不适.近数月来包块渐增大并伴有瘙痒、疼痛来诊.专科检查:右乳外上象限可触及一30 mm×30 mm包块,质中,表面欠光滑,边界欠清,可移动,腋下淋巴结无肿大.乳腺彩超检查见:右乳外上象限腺体内见一24 mm×10 mm的实性包块,边界清,内呈弯曲管状低回声,未见钙化,后方回声无衰减.提示:右乳实性包块,考虑良性病变可能,建议穿刺确诊(图1).穿刺病理提示:嗜酸性肉芽肿.随后在局麻下行右乳包块切除术.术中见右乳外上象限一25 mm×25 mm囊性包块,包膜完整,表面光滑,切开包膜可见一条白色带状物,似寄生虫,屈曲成团,长约250 mm,宽约3~4 mm,头端膨大,并可见虫体蠕动.术后送病原微生物室鉴定,确诊为曼氏迭宫绦虫裂头蚴.
强酸液体中保存型尸体1例

本例尸体浸泡在强酸液体中长达2年8个月，尸体保持较完整，可见明显的尸蜡和碳化征象，但尸体骨骼脱钙以及泥炭鞣尸现象不明显，结合文献复习[1-2]，分析其形成原因如下:①本例浸泡尸体的井水pH值为1.4，含有大量SO42-、Cl-、NO3-，为强酸溶液，亦含有大量有毒金属离子，可抑制绝大多数细菌繁殖，鱼、虾等动物也不可能存活，尸体浸泡于井水中可免受腐败菌的分解和动物破坏，故得以长期保存;②井水中含有大量氢离子和金属离子，为皮下及脂肪组织发生氢化作用与皂化作用提供很好的条件，容易形成尸蜡;③本例尸体保持较完整，骨骼脱钙不明显，未形成泥炭鞣尸，可能与下列因素有关:a。井水虽呈强酸性，但酸性物质浓度不够高，还不足以让尸体完全腐蚀碳化以及骨骼快速脱钙;b。井水中含有大量金属离子，竞争性抑制骨骼脱钙;c。尸体浸泡时间尚不足以形成泥炭鞣尸。
刺器致脊髓损伤死亡机制分析2例

在涉及脑干、脊髓损伤的法医学鉴定最好进行颅脑及颈部CR、CT或MRI等影像学检查，以便确定致伤方位、创道走向及损伤程度。在解剖中则需完整提取脑干与颈部脊髓，逐层分离，充分暴露脊柱两侧椎弓，在椎弓根位置锯开椎管，截取损伤面以下脊髓，然后开颅，分离提取脑干及脊髓。通过显微镜下观察损伤组织变化，寻找到损伤致死的形态学依据，区分外伤性和病理性变化，明确死亡机理。
脾肾相关理论及其应用——脾胃学说传承与应用专题系列(7)

中医五脏相关学说是阐释五脏之间生理上相互辅助,病理上相互影响及治疗上相互配合的学说。中医脾肾相关学说是其一个子系统。从脾肾相关理论的内涵、源流、实验研究进展及临床应用等方面对脾肾相关理论进行了系统的阐述。
脓毒症发病机制及辨证体系

通过对古今脓毒症的研究,阐释脓毒症发病机理、可借鉴的辨证模式及肺与大肠相表里学说在脓毒症发病中的地位,简析脓毒症之体质因素及"从化"问题,并根据六经、卫气营血及三焦辨证解析脓毒症传变规律及严重脓毒症中五脏传变规律,为中医药防治脓毒症提供理论依据。
构建断层影像解剖学案例式数字化教学平台

断层影像解剖学是人体解剖学与医学影像学之间新兴的一门交叉学科,是当代医学迈入影像医学时代的重要标志。在医学院校的临床医学和医学影像等专业开设断层影像解剖学课程,是现代医学发展的迫切要求,对提高教学质量和培养高层次的临床医师具有重要的理论指导和实用价值。
基于计算机代数系统的大地坐标系精密计算理论及其应用研究

大地坐标系精密计算往往涉及与参考椭球有关的各类复杂数学分析过程,以往主要依靠人工推导完成,导出的公式形式较为复杂,采取的近似处理影响了公式的精度,有的公式表现为具体的数值形式,仅适用于我国北京54坐标系和西安80坐标系下的解算。当前我国已经启用2000国家大地坐标系,给出该基准下的精密计算公式以满足测量和导航等相关学科的应用需求是非常有必要的。本文借助计算机代数系统,研究了常用坐标系统及其转换、常用纬度、航线、地图投影及其变换的精确计算问题,导出便于使用和记忆的符号形式的公式和算法,适用于不同参考椭球下的解算。主要内容如下。
康复医学在多学科疼痛治疗发展中的作用

康复医学与疼痛医学密切相关,由于这与两个学科的多学科组成和基础与临床紧密配合两个学科基本特点,使得这两个学科相互促进并各自得到长足发展。国外多学科疼痛治疗已经发展60余年,且相对于其他单一疗法有更强的循证依据,其中物理治疗、康复护理和疼痛认知占重要比例。目前国内两者结合的实际操作中由于各地医院有各自解读、各自为政,出现设置模式多样,诊疗范围重叠,诊疗不规范,导致患者多次重复诊治、资源浪费,治疗效果差异大。而我国康复医学与传统医学相结合,即中医药和西医药相整合,形成“整合医学”,使之在疼痛治疗具有潜在而独特优势。
棍棒操防治脑卒中后肩关节功能障碍的疗效观察

脑卒中后肩关节功能障碍是临床常见的问题,而肩痛是导致肩关节功能障碍的主要原因。脑卒中后偏瘫侧肩痛等上肢并发症多于脑卒中后l—3个月出现,发生率为16%—84%,偏瘫随后出现有肩痛、肩关节障碍使患者感到非常痛苦,对患侧上肢运动功能及日常生活能力的恢复均有不利影响。我科2009年9月-2011年3月对34例脑卒中后上肢运动功能障碍、无感觉障碍、无肩痛的患者每日采用自编的棍棒操治疗来预防肩关节障碍的发生,取得了良好效果,现报道如下
A Dual-driven Intelligent Combination Control of Heat Pipe Space Cooling System

Effective thermal control systems are essential for reliable operation of spacecraft.A dual-driven intelligent combination control strategy is proposed to improve the temperate control and heat flux tracking effects.Both temperature regulation and heat flux tracking errors are employed to generate the final control action;their contributions are adaptively adjusted by a fuzzy fusing policy of control actions.To evaluate the control effects,describe a four-nodal mathematical model for analyzing the dynamic characteristics of the controlled heat pipe space cooling system(HP-SCS) consisting of an aluminum-ammonia heat pipe and a variable-emittance micro-electromechanical-system(MEMS) radiator.This dynamical model calculates the mass flow-rate and condensing pressure of the heat pipe working fluid directly from the systemic nodal temperatures,therefore,it is more suitable for control engineering applications.The closed-loop transient performances of four different control schemes have been numerically investigated.The results conclude that the proposed intelligent combination control scheme not only improves the thermal control effects but also benefits the safe operation of HP-SCS.
Pricing Loss Leaders Can be Hard

Consider the problem of pricing n items under an unlimited supply with m single minded buyers,each of which is interested in at most k of the items.The goal is to price each item with profit margin p1,p2,...,pn so as to maximize the overall profit.There is an O(k)-approximation algorithm by Balcan and Blum when the price on each item must be above its margin cost;i.e.,each pi > 0.We investigate the above problem when the seller is allowed to price some of the items below their margin cost.It was shown by Balcan et al.that by pricing some of the items below cost,the seller could possibly increase the maximum profit by Ω(log n) times.These items sold at low prices to stimulate other profitable sales are usually called "loss leader".It is unclear what kind of approximation guarantees are achievable when some of the items can be priced below cost.Understanding this question is posed as an open problem by Balcan and Blum.In this paper,we give a strong negative result for the problem of pricing loss leaders.We prove that assuming the Unique Games Conjecture (UGC),there is no constant approximation algorithm for item pricing with prices below cost allowed even when each customer is interested in at most three items.Conceptually,our result indicates that although it is possible to make more money by selling some items below their margin cost,it can be computationally intractable to do so.
Active Store Window: Enabling Far Store-Load Forwarding with Scalability and Complexity-Efficiency

Conventional dynamically scheduled processors often use fully associative structures named load/store queue (LSQ) to implement the value communication between loads and the older in-flight stores and to detect the store-load order violation.But this in-flight forwarding only occupies about 15% of all store-load communications,which makes the CAM-based micro-architecture the major bottleneck to scale store-load communication further.This paper presents a new micro-architecture named ASW (short for active store window).It provides a new structure named speculative active store window to implement more aggressively speculative store-load forwarding than conventional LSQ.This structure could forward the data of committed stores to the executing loads without accessing to L1 data cache,which is referred to as far forwarding in this paper.At the back-end of the pipeline,it uses in-order load re-execution filtered by the tagged SSBF (short for store sequence bloom filter) to verify the correctness of the store-load forwarding.The speculative active store window and tagged store sequence bloom filter are all set-associate structures that are more efficient and scalable than fully associative structures.Experiments show that this simpler and faster design outperforms a conventional load/store queue based design and the NoSQ design on most benchmarks by 10.22% and 8.71% respectively.
条件性回避反应在抗精神病药物筛选中的应用研究进展

本综述讨论了新型抗精神病药物研究中最常用的大鼠条件性回避反应(conditioned avoidance response,CAR)的历史和操作方式。并且回顾了多巴胺D_2、D_4,5-HT_(2A),5-HT_(1A),α1肾上腺素能受体等各种药物对CAR的抑制作用。结果表明,CAR是用于检测与多巴胺受体有高亲和力的抗精神病药物的敏感手段，也可用于筛选可能的抗精神病药化合物，这些化合物的可能作用机制是主要通过作用于多巴胺D_2受体以外的神经递质受体起作用。