mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Multiplexed p53 Mutation Detection by Microchip Electro-phoresis with Laser-Induced Fluorescence Detector

A form of single-strand DNA-conformation polymorphism analysis (SSCP) employing nondenaturing slab gel electrophoresis is applicable to the genetic diagnosis of mutations at exons 7, 8 and 9 of the p53 gene. Recently, microchip electrophoresis (ME) systems have been used in SSCP analysis instead of conventional slab gel electrophoresis in terms of speed, sensitivity and automation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the application of SSCP and ME analysis as a rapid and effective method to the detection of mutations for exons 7, 8 and 9 of the p~(53) gene. It was found that using the electric field strength 260 V/cm and the sieving matrix of 4 mg/mL poly(ethylene oxide) was very useful to achieve better resolution and fast detection of mutations at exons 7, 8 and 9 of p53 gene. Under the optimized conditions, mutations at exons 7-9 of p~(53) gene were analyzed within 60 s and the relative standard deviation values of the migration times were less than 5.81% (n =5). The detection limit can be as low as 1 ng·L~(-1).
Effective Anisotropy in Magnetically Nd_2Fe_(14)B/α-Fe Nanocomposite

Considering different contact situations of grains, we investigate the effects of exchange-coupling interaction on effective anisotropies of magnetically soft α-Fe grains, hard Nd_2Fe_(14)B grains and Nd_2Fe_(14)B/α-Fe nanocomposite. An expression of effective anisotropy suitable for different degrees of exchange-coupling between grains is presented. The calculation results show that the exchange-coupling interaction increases the average anisotropy of soft grains and decreases that of hard grains. The effective anisotropy of Nd_2Fe_(14)B/α-Fe nanocomposite decreases smoothly with decreasing grain size when the grain size is larger than 20nm while it decreases dramatically with further decrease of the grain size. In order to maintain high coercivity in Nd_2Fe_(14)B/α-Fe nanocomposite, the grain size should not be less than 20nm.
Mechanism of Visible Photoactivity of F-Doped TiO2

We calculate the electronic structure and optical properties of F-doped anatase TiO_2. The results indicate that the band gap of F-doped TiO_2 increases slightly compared with the pure TiO_2. However, it is interesting that the visible absorption of F-doped TiO_2 located between 600 and 700nm is observed, and it enhances gradually with the increasing F concentration. Furthermore, according to the results of densities of states and imaginary part of dielectric function ε_2(ω), we propose that the transition between Ti 3d and Ti 3d states may be responsible for the visible absorption, but not the band gap narrowing.
A Hybrid Method of Solving the Electromagnetic Inverse Scattering Problem in Lossy Medium

A hybrid method of solving the electromagnetic inverse scattering problem in a lossy medium is proposed. The gradient search method is first used to determine the spatial distribution of the target, then the Monte Carlo method is selected to calculate the conductivity and permittivity of the scatterer. The results of numerical experiments verify that the hybrid method of combining the two ways is high-precision, efficient, and suited to global optimization.
Tunable optical comb generation based on carrier-suppressed intensity modulation and phase modulation

An approach to generate a flat optical comb with tunable comb spacing and adjustable comb number is proposed. In the proposed approach, a Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM), being biased to generate two carrier-suppressed first-order sidebands, is cascaded with a phase modulator. The two optical sidebands are then sent to the phase modulator to generate two identical, but frequency-shifted phase-modulated spectra. Thanks to the complementary nature of the two adjacent comb lines in the phase-modulated spectra, the overlapping of the two spectra would lead to the generation of a flat optical comb. Since only the phase modulation index or the microwave power is needed to be adjusted, the system is easy to be implemented with tunable comb spacing and adjustable comb number. Numerical simulations are performed, and the approach is verified by an experiment.
相火学说争议考辨

《素问·天元纪大论》提出"君火以明,相火以位",相火源于何物?居于何部?关联何脏腑?有何功用?失常有何表现?历代医家各有不同的解析。相火的"相"字有多种取象含义,导致相火理论的复杂性、歧义性和矛盾性。
Leaching process of rare earths from weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore

In order to strengthen the leaching procedure, the chemical processes of leaching rare earths (RE) from the weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore were investigated frow the viewpoints of kinetics, hydrodynamic and mass transfer. The results show that the leaching hydrodynamics follows the Darcy law. The leaching kinetics can be described by the shrinking core model; the leaching process is controlled by diffusion of porous solid layer; and the mass transfer can be described with Van Deemter equation. This provides a theoretic basis and a scientific approach with high efficiency and optimized extraction conditions in industrial practice.
Preservation of moderately thermophilic culture by freeze drying and frozen preservation way and effect on subsequent bioleaching of chalcopyrite

Freeze drying and frozen preservation way was used to preserve a moderately thermophilic culture for bioleaching of chalcopyrite concentrate. After preservation of 15 months, the cell viability rate decreases to 22% with a cell density of 7×107 mL~(-1). When the growth time was extended from 8 days to 14 days, cell density would increase in a large scale to about 3×108 mL~(-1). In the bioleaching experiments, unpreserved and preserved cultures were compared for dissolving chalcopyrite concentrate. Before 44 days, the unpreserved culture can reach a high copper extraction of about 17.4 g/L. While the preserved culture shows a rather low copper extraction, which is only 9.7 g/L. When the bioleaching time was extended to 80 days, copper extraction by preserved culture increases remarkably, and the concentration of copper finally achieves up to 18.3 g/L. On the other hand, copper extraction by the unpreserved culture does not show remarkable increase from 44th to the 80th day, and finally the total copper extraction is 19.8 g/L. As a result, total copper extraction in 80 days by preserved culture approaches that by unpreserved culture and freeze drying and frozen preservation even after 15 months does not bring much decrease of bioleaching ability.
Evaluation of ecological risk and primary empirical research on heavy metals in polluted soil over Xiaoqinling gold mining region, Shaanxi, China

Soil, crop and residents' hair over Xiaoqinling gold mining region, China, which was selected as a case study, were sampled and analyzed for Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu, Cr, As and Zn concentrations. The concentrations of heavy metals in soil or crop and hair samples were used to assess their potential ecological risks, or to find the responses to these metals as evidences to prove the potential risk was coming down to observed harm, respectively. The results showed that, these metals in soil were ranked by severity of ecological risk as Hg
Flotation of Xinhua molybdenite using sodium sulfide as modifier

The feasibility of using sodium sulfide as the sole modifier for the flotation of Xinhua molybdenite ore was examined. The potential mechanisms involved in the different flotation systems were discussed. The comparative flotation results reveal that in the kerosene-sodium silicate flotation system, better recovery and grade of the molybdenum are obtained using sodium sulfide as the slurry pH adjustment agent than using CaO. Under the optimal conditions (64 g/t kerosene and 6 kg/t Na_2S), satisfied recovery and grade of molybdenite concentrate can be achieved (84% and 8.2%, respectively), indicating that sodium sulfide is a potential substitute modifier of sodium silicate. The open-circuit flotation test results further confirm the effectiveness of sodium sulfide which may render recycling the tailing water possible and make the flotation process more environmental acceptable and more economical due to the less use of kerosene and scavengers.
基于“3S”技术的常熟市土地利用变化与粮食安全分析

基于RS、GIS、GPS技术，运用人机交互目视解译方法对江苏省常熟市1984年、1999年和2009年3期Landsat/TM影像数据进行解译，分析了常熟市25年间土地利用变化特征，探讨了该市耕地面积减少的原因以及对粮食安全的影响。耕地数量是粮食安全的重要制约因素,加强耕地保护力度，提高土地利用占用效率，优化土地利用结构,科学开展城市用地规划，增加物质投入和科技投入来提高土地生产力是确保今后常熟市土地可持续利用和粮食安全的合理途径。
基于模拟退火算法对灌溉用地下水水质评价的投影寻踪分析

选择酸度、碱度和矿化度为评价因子，建立了灌溉用地下水水质评价的投影寻踪分析模型，采用模拟退火算法对评价模型进行优化，并将该模型应用于某灌区灌溉水质的评价。研究表明，用投影寻踪回归分析法进行水质评价，避免了传统评价方法由于主观原因造成的误差，评价结果合理可信、方法简单，为灌溉用水水质的评价提供了新途径。
毛酸浆宿萼多糖提取工艺条件优化

采用热水浸提乙醇沉淀法从毛酸浆宿萼中分离多糖，分析了不同料液比、提取温度、提取时间对多糖得率的影响。在单因素试验的基础上，进行了L_9(3~4)正交试验，获得多糖提取条件的最优组合，即料液比1 g ∶50 mL、提取温度60 ℃、提取时间1.5 h。在此条件下，多糖得率为4.39%，供试毛酸浆宿萼提取液样品中多糖含量为60.42%。
非完全消化－火焰原子吸收法测定枸杞子中的微量元素

建立了快速测定枸杞子中微量元素含量的火焰原子吸收分析法。以非完全消化法处理样品，即在低温下用体积比4 ∶1的浓硝酸-高氯酸混合酸消解样品，再加入乳化剂TX-10溶解消化过程中所产生的油脂，可得黄绿色透明的样品溶液。用原子吸收光谱法测定了枸杞子中Fe、Zn、Ca、Cu、Mn等5种微量元素的含量。测定结果的相对标准偏差小于4.2%，测定结果与灰化法一致，相对误差小于0.9%。本方法耗时短，酸用量少，能够快速准确地测定枸杞子中的Fe、Zn、Ca、Cu、Mn含量。
利用中药渣生产有机基质发酵条件研究

通过添加含高温纤维分解菌的菌种，合理地调节C/N比等措施，研究中药渣的快速发酵技术和发酵条件。结果表明：中药渣的初始含水量为75%左右，可以不用调节，能正常发酵。添加含高温纤维分解菌的菌种后，能迅速启动发酵，整个发酵过程比常规发酵缩短约1/3的时间。发酵前期盖散草，可以通气保水，后期盖塑料薄膜，使肥堆处于嫌气状态。发酵过程中无须翻堆，可节约生产成本。
贵州省农业非点源污染因子识别及其敏感性评价

建立贵州省农业非点源污染因子评价体系,最终对其进行污染敏感性评价。结果表明，贵州省农业非点源污染综合敏感指数为3.82,达到中度敏感等级；自然环境因子如土壤侵蚀、径流等是导致非点源污染的主要原因；贵州省农业非点源污染主要来源于重金属以及畜禽粪尿污染；贵阳市、黔南州是贵州农业非点源污染的主要敏感区域。
茯苓菌丝体固体培养与分泌色素关系的研究

对茯苓菌丝体固体培养条件进行了研究。结果表明，碳源、常用矿质元素、生长因子以及碳氮比与菌丝分泌色素无关；而有机态氮、pH值、温度以及菌种来源与菌丝分泌色素有关。茯苓菌丝尖端培养可以部分抑制菌丝分泌色素，但效果不显著。
薄荷属植物花粉形态研究

利用扫描电镜对薄荷属的薄荷、兴安薄荷、留兰香、皱叶留兰香、假薄荷、灰薄荷、欧薄荷、圆叶薄荷和唇萼薄荷共9个种的花粉形态进行了观察。结果表明，薄荷属植物花粉形态之间存在一定的差异。花粉粒为扁球形或近球形，大小（11.25~27.11） μm ×（16.84~27.67） μm，外壁具网状纹饰，萌发孔为多沟型，6~8沟，沟长度不等。薄荷属花粉属于单一型花粉，它在唇形科中是比较进化的类群。
铅胁迫对马蔺幼苗部分生理特性的影响

采用液体培养方法研究不同浓度铅胁迫对马蔺幼苗叶片叶绿素、丙二醛、脯氨酸、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量的影响。结果表明：随着Pb~(2+)浓度的升高，马蔺叶片叶绿素a、b含量逐渐下降，丙二醛、脯氨酸含量逐渐增加，其中Pb~(2+)浓度为1 500 mg/L时马蔺叶片脯氨酸含量为对照的4.1倍；而马蔺叶片可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量随Pb~(2+)浓度的升高表现为先升后降的趋势，Pb~(2+)浓度为1 000 mg/L 时可溶性糖含量比对照增加64.9%，Pb~(2+)浓度为1 500 mg/L时可溶性糖含量仅比对照增加20.0%，而可溶性蛋白含量在Pb~(2+)浓度为0~1 000 mg/L范围内变化不明显，只在1 500 mg/L时才出现显著降低。
青花菜新品种清风的选育

清风由一个自交不亲和系NB40-5-5-5-8-3-2-7-3-1-1做母本，自交系BYB-2-6-4做父本配制而成的一代青花菜杂交种。清风株型直立，成株平均开展度61 cm×61 cm，平均株高46 cm。花球紧实，呈半球形，平均直径13.6 cm，球高11.2 cm，平均单球重0.45 kg。花球蕾粒浓绿、细密。平均产量19 149 kg/hm~2。中早熟，以秋季露地栽培为主，可秋延后大棚栽培。
京甜紫花糯2号甜玉米高产无公害栽培技术要点

京甜紫花糯2号甜玉米适应性广、抗病性强、品质优、口感好，种皮薄，具有很强的糯性且略带甜味，鲜食及加工皆宜，经江苏省农业科学院六合循环农业示范基地3年试种，总结出建立高效群体、塑盘乳苗移栽和地膜覆盖适期早播、适播期内分期分批播种、有机肥基施为主辅以穗粒肥、病虫害综合防治及适期采收等高效无公害栽培技术要点。
富硒芽苗菜的培育及几种大众蔬菜硒含量分析

采用微波消解系统和氢化物发生-原子吸收分光光度法，对南京市场12种常见蔬菜硒含量进行了分析。结果表明，12种常见大众蔬菜中平均硒干重含量为0.295 μg/g，其中菜豆硒含量最高，为1.142 μg/g。比较研究了不同浓度亚硒酸钠溶液浸种处理对绿豆芽伸长生长和硒含量的影响,结果表明，使用37.5 μmol/L亚硒酸钠溶液对绿豆浸种12 h，对绿豆芽的伸长生长有促进作用，收获的绿豆芽硒干重含量为4.43 μg/g，达到了富硒效果。人体每天在摄入其余膳食结构食品足量的情况下，食用该浓度亚硒酸钠处理的绿豆芽120 g即可满足人体每天硒要求量。
薄壳山核桃优良品种茅山1号的选育及栽培要点

茅山1号是江苏省农业科学院园艺研究所在调查江苏境内大量薄壳山核桃实生单株基础上筛选出的优良单株，该品种平均单果重8.66 g，出仁率48.7%，壳厚1.1 mm；品质优良，口味香甜；雌雄基本相遇，丰产性好，抗病性强。本文介绍其选育过程、特征特性和栽培要点。
杂交稻丰优559在越南的种植表现及栽培技术

2005—2007年丰优559被引到越南南定省、河西省大田示范种植，2008年在南定省布点进行区域试验，表现出生育期短、产量高、抗病性强、米质优等特点。总结了该组合在越南的种植表现，并从播种育秧、移栽、肥水管理、病虫害防治等方面介绍其高产栽培技术。
种植密度对不同株型夏玉米冠层结构和光合势的影响

通过不同密度条件对夏玉米（郑单958、先玉335、东单335和东单80）的形态特征、叶面积指数、冠层透光率和光合势进行了研究。结果表明，小株中穗型品种郑单958在高密度处理时各项冠层结构指标及光合性能指标较优；大株大穗型品种东单80在低密度处理时各项指标较优；中株中穗型品种东单335和大株中穗型品种先玉335在中高密度处理时各项指标较优。冠层内透光率、叶夹角、茎粗均随着密度的增加而降低，表明高密度易造成群体内光分布不合理，导致产量的下降。不同品种在适宜的种植密度下，群体穗位层透光率较大，叶面积发展动态较为合理，尤其中上层叶片LAI高值持续期较长；吐丝后的群体LAD较高，后期光合面积持续时间较长，有利于玉米产量的提高。
植物寄主与病原物互作及抗病性遗传改良研究进展

病原物对寄主有致病能力，而寄主也相应地存在抗病能力。两者在长期的竞争中协同进化，分别形成不同的变异类型，其致病和抗病的机制也多种多样。在寄主与病原物的互作过程中，一般用基因对基因假说来解释两者间的遗传基础。在抗病育种实践中，育种家们采用主效抗病基因、抗病基因轮换利用、多基因聚合、转抗病基因育种来增强品种的抗病能力，并采用抗病多系品种、多品种混种和间作、套种等措施以增加作物群体的遗传多样性来控制病害。深入研究和明确抗病基因的抗病机制，把具有不同抗病机制的抗病基因进行聚合利用，可增强抗病品种的抗病效果和抗病持久性。随着基因克隆和转基因技术逐渐趋于成熟，利用远缘植物的抗病基因改良植物品种的抗病性已成为可能。
干旱胁迫下氯化胆碱对小麦幼苗生长发育的影响

用不同浓度（0、100、200、300、400、500 mg/L）的氯化胆碱（CC）处理干旱胁迫下的小麦幼苗，考察其对干旱胁迫下的小麦幼苗生长、叶片中有关清氧系统酶活性以及细胞膜相对稳定性的影响。结果表明,叶面喷施氯化胆碱能有效调节干旱胁迫下小麦的生长以及叶片的抗氧化酶SOD、POD的活性,降低了叶片MDA 的含量和电解质外渗率，说明氯化胆碱可以缓解干旱对小麦造成的伤害。
北方粳稻品种一次枝梗密度变异及其与产量性状的关系

为了探讨北方粳稻一次枝梗着生密度与产量性状的关系，以东北地区的代表性品种以及参加辽宁省水稻区域预试的品系共44份材料为试材，进行了品种类型间的比较研究。结果表明：根据水稻一次枝梗着生密度，可将试验材料分为密穗型、中间型、稀穗型3类，3类群一次枝梗密度差异显著。中间型品种和密穗型品种理论产量显著高于稀穗型品种；密穗型品种的产量与一次枝梗长、千粒重、二次枝梗结实率、二次枝梗千粒重呈极显著正相关，与主轴长呈显著负相关；中间型品种的产量与枝梗密度、一次枝梗长显著负相关，与二次枝梗结实率呈极显著正相关。
藏獒基因组DNA提取及RAPD引物筛选

分别采用酚-氯仿法和改进的盐析法对藏獒血液基因组DNA进行了提取，并对可用于藏獒RAPD分析的随机引物进行了筛选。结果表明，酚-氯仿法提取的藏獒血液基因组DNA在浓度和纯度上均显著高于改进的盐析法( P <0.05)，并且通过筛选得到了27条可用于藏獒RAPD分析的随机引物。
南盐油1号油菜的组织培养及植株再生研究

以南盐油1号油菜的下胚轴为外植体，利用组织培养的方法，研究苗龄、预培养时间、预培养基的激素配比、分化培养基的激素配比及AgNO_3浓度等对芽再生的影响。结果表明，6 d苗龄的下胚轴在MS+1.0 mg/L 2,4-D+0.5 mg/L 6-BA培养基预培养4 d后，转入分化培养基MS+2.5 mg/L 6-BA+0.05 mg/L NAA+8 mg/L AgNO_3培养，可以获得较高的芽再生频率。
野生二倍体草莓叶片离体再生及四倍体诱导

以野生绿色草莓“5-9”试管苗叶片为外植体，研究了培养基中激素对叶片再生不定芽效率的影响及适宜的四倍体诱导方法。结果表明，当培养基中TDZ质量浓度为2.0 mg/L、2,4-D质量浓度为0.5 mg/L时，再生频率达96.3%；以附加50、100、150 mg/L秋水仙碱的液体和固体再生培养基处理叶片5 d，各个处理均诱导出四倍体植株，诱变率在15.1%~23.3%之间。诱变获得的四倍体试管苗表现出生长缓慢、叶色浓绿、叶片大、叶形指数变小等典型的四倍体植株特点，与普通二倍体试管苗相比具有明显差异。本研究揭示野生绿色草莓试管苗叶片具有极强的不定芽再生能力，叶片再生过程中进行秋水仙碱处理是获得四倍体的有效途径。
利用AFLP分子标记鉴定库尔勒香梨的分类地位

利用AFLP分子标记技术,通过聚类分析和遗传相似系数分析,对库尔勒香梨进行分类研究。从聚类树状图可以看出，库尔勒香梨首先与新疆梨品种早熟句句聚在一起，并和杂交品种柠檬黄聚在了一起。库尔勒香梨与白梨系统、沙梨系统、秋子梨系统、西洋梨系统的平均欧氏距离分别为8.243、7.894、8.717、8.405，表明库尔勒香梨与沙梨系统的亲缘关系最近。
水稻高产优化施肥的模拟研究

采用“3414”回归最优设计，研究了氮、磷和钾施用量与水稻产量的相关性，获得四川省西昌市紫潮沙泥田上水稻产量( Y )与氮、磷、钾肥料效应回归方程模型为： Y=501.209+21.166N+13.038P+12.716K-0.612N~2-0.044P~2-0.058K~2-0.118NP-0.501NK-1.011PK（其中N、P、K为 N、P_2O_5、K_2O的用量）。在设定的氮磷钾肥料0~3水平范围内符合肥料效应函数法原理的前提下，可求得最高产量施肥量为氮肥（N）12.287 6 kg/667m~2、磷肥（P_2O_5）5.239 3 kg/667m~2、钾肥（K_2O）11.011 7 kg/667m~2，最高产量为735.42 kg/667m~2；最佳经济效益施肥量为氮肥（N）11.273 9 kg/667m~2、磷肥（P_2O_5）4.053 7 kg/667m~2、钾肥（K_2O）8.941 1 kg/667m~2，此时产量为730.81 kg/667m~2。
中澳自由贸易区对中国农产品出口的影响分析

从中澳双边农产品贸易的现状与结构入手，对建立FTA对双边农产品贸易的影响进行了分析。结果发现，中澳两国的农产品贸易有着明显的贸易互补性，所产生的贸易创造效应大于贸易转移效应；提出了相应的对策建议。
一种春玉米专用肥的研制及肥效检验

以农大108为材料，设计春玉米专用配方肥养分总量为42%，N、P_2O_5 、K_2O 含量分别为13%、19%、10%。肥效试验结果表明：和农户传统施肥措施相比，施用专用肥不仅可以改善春玉米的产量性状，使春玉米的产量达到11.0 t/hm~2，而且可以明显提高春玉米的氮肥利用效率，同时使施肥效益达到14 040元/hm~2。
Attitude Head Pursuit Transition Guidance Law

As an improved guidance method, the attitude head pursuit guidance (AHPG) law enables the attitude pursuit guidance (APG) law to be more suited to transition guidance of air-to-ground missiles. By adding a head angle into the attitude angle of APG, AHPG directs the missile axis onto the line of sight (LOS). The maximum range trajectory simulation shows that the elevator deflection angle reaches the saturated value of 10° at the outset and the impact angle is less than 60° when APG is used as transition guidance law. However, the elevator deflection angle on the whole trajectory is reduced to under 5° and the impact angle increased to over 60° when AHPG is used. The formulae to calculate head angles are derived for different target distributions. The simulation of multiple trajectories shows that with the help of the formulae based on AHPG law, the same performance could be achieved.
Anand Parameters Determination for SnAgCu Solder Bearing Micro-amounts Rare Earth Ce

SnAgCu solder system with the addition of rare earth Ce,which has better thermo-mechanical properties compared to those of SnPb solder,is regarded as one of the promising candidates for electronic assembly.Moreover,the SnAgCuCe solder alloys can provide good quality joints with Cu substrates.However,there is few report of the constitutive model for SnAgCu solder bearing micro-amounts rare earth Ce.In this paper,the unified viscoplastic constitutive model,Anand equations,is used to represent the inelastic deformation behavior for SnAgCu and SnAgCuCe solders.In order to obtain the acquired data for the fitting of the material parameters of this unified model,a series of experiments of constant strain rate test were conducted under isothermal conditions at different temperatures.The Anand parameters of the constitutive equations for SnAgCu and SnAgCuCe solder were determined from separated constitutive relations and experimental results.Nonlinear least-square fitting was selected to determine the model constants.And the simulated results were then compared with experimental measurements of the stress-inelastic strain curves:excellent agreement was found.The model accurately predicted the overall trend of steady-state stress-strain behavior of SnAgCu and SnAgCuCe solders for the temperature ranges from 25 ℃ to 150 ℃,and the strain rate ranges from 0.01 s-1 to 0.001 s-1.It is concluded that the Anand model can be applied for representing the inelastic deformation behavior of solders at high homologous temperature and can be recommended for finite element simulation of the stress-strain response of lead free soldered joints.Based on the Anand model,the investigations of thermo-mechanical of SnAgCu and SnAgCuCe soldered joints in fine pitch quad flat package by finite element code were done under thermal cyclic loading,it is found that the reliability of SnAgCu soldered joints can be improved remarkably with addition of rare earth Ce.The results may provide a theory guide for developing constitutive model for lead-free solders.
Vehicle Planar Motion Stability Study for Tyres Working in Extremely Nonlinear Region

Many researches on vehicle planar motion stability focus on two degrees of freedom(2DOF) vehicle model,and only the lateral velocity (or side slip angle) and yaw rate are considered as the state variables.The stability analysis methods,such as phase plane analysis,equilibriums analysis and bifurcation analysis,are all used to draw many classical conclusions.It is concluded from these researches that unbounded growth of the vehicle motion during unstable operation is untrue in reality thus one limitation of the 2DOF model.The fundamental assumption of the 2DOF model is that the longitudinal velocity is treated as a constant,but this is intrinsically incorrect.When tyres work in extremely nonlinear region,the coupling between the vehicle longitudinal and lateral motion becomes significant.For the purpose of solving the above problem,the effect of vehicle longitudinal velocity on the stability of the vehicle planar motion when tyres work in extremely nonlinear region is investigated.To this end,a 3DOF model which introducing the vehicular longitudinal dynamics is proposed and the 3D phase space portrait method is employed for visualization of vehicle dynamics.Through the comparisons of the 2DOF and 3DOF models,it is discovered that the vehicle longitudinal velocity greatly affects the vehicle planar motion,and the vehicle dynamics represented in phase space portrait are fundamentally different from that of the 2DOF model.The vehicle planar motion with different front wheel steering angles is further represented by the corresponding vehicle route,yaw rate and yaw angle.These research results enhance the understanding of the stability of the vehicle system particularly during nonlinear region,and provide the insight into analyzing the attractive region and designing the vehicle stability controller,which will be the topics of future works.
Two new species of Ectopleura from the Taiwan Strait,China (Cnidaria,Hydroidomedusae)

Two new species of genus Ectopleura,i.e.,Ectopleura elongata sp.nov.and E.triangularis sp.nov.are described in the present paper based on type specimens from the Taiwan Strait.The types are deposited in the Third Institute of Oceanography,State Oceanic Administration,Xiamen,China.
Are trends in SeaWiFS chlorophyll time-series unusual relative to historic variability

For selected locations in the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean, we compared surface ocean chlorophyll time series extracted from SeaWiFS imagery from 1997–2004 with the results of an ocean coupled circulation and biogeochemical model covering the period 1958–2004. During the 1997–2004 time period, linear trends in model and satellite time series were significantly correlated at most of the 44 sites we studied. Eleven sites were selected for further study, and we used the longer time series of the model to assess whether trends observed during the SeaWiFS period at these 11 sites were unusual in relation to those observed over the longer historical period covered by the model. The results show that the trends observed during the SeaWiFS period were not unusual and fell well within the range in magnitude of linear trends observed in other 8-year periods of model output. This result implies that the SeaWiFS satellite ocean color time series is not yet sufficiently long, on its own, to directly observe any long term changes in phytoplankton chlorophyll that may be occurring in the surface waters of the open ocean as a result of increased ocean stratification linked to global climate changed.
Taxonomic diversity of fish assemblages in the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent waters

Taxonomic diversity of fish assemblages in the Changjiang Estuary(Yangtze River Estuary) and its adjacent waters was analyzed based on bottom trawl surveys carried out by R/V Beidou in June,August and October 2006.Four groups of fishes were identified for each survey by the twoway indicator species analysis(TWIA).Taxonomic distinctness,species richness and phylogenetic diversity were used to detect changes in taxonomic structure of fish assemblages.Most dominant fish species mainly belonged to Perciformes,Pleuronectiformes,Clupeiformes,Scorpaeniformes and Tetraodontiformes.Species richness in offshore waters of the survey area was higher than that in the other area.The average taxonomic distinctness value(AvTD, *+ ) of each fish assemblage was close to the average taxonomic distinctness of master list in the Changjiang Estuary(79.9),and had a positive correlation with species richness and Shannon diversity index(H’ ).A negative correlation was found between variations in taxonomic distin ctness(VarTD,Λ + ) and traditional diversity indices,which were caused by fish species component that led to longer average path lengths among species.Taxonomic diversity index(*) had the similar results with species richness,H ,Simpson diversity index(D) and Pielou's evenness index(J’).VarTD also kept stable,which further certificated that fish assemblages and ecological environment were in equilibrium.Taxonomic distinctness index(** ) was relatively stable in most of fish assemblages,and had higher values in some fish assemblages for a few absolutely dominant species.The present study showed that fish community formed new equilibrium stability in 2006 in the Changjiang Estuary when compared with those in the corresponding months of annual survey from 1985 to 1986.And AvTD in each sampling station was lower than AvTD of master list in the Changjiang Estuary,so some ecological niches were absent in each sampling stations from taxonomic or phylogenetic relationships,these would be helpful to stock natural resource and maintain ecological equilibruim of fish assemblages.
Dissipation of Nonlinear Wave in Inhomogeneous Dust Plasma Crystal

A Korteweg-de Vires-type (KdV-type) equation and a modified Nonlinear Schr(o)dinger equation (NLSE) for the dust lattice wave (DLW) are derived in a weakly inhomogeneous dust plasma crystal. It seems that the amplitude and the velocity of the dust lattice solitary waves decay exponentially with increasing time in a dust lattice. The modulational instability of this dust lattice envelope waves is investigated as well. It is found that the waves are modulational stable under certain conditions. On the other hand, the waves are modulational unstable if the conditions are not satisfied.
Perturbation to Mei Symmetry and Adiabatic Invariants for Nonholonomic Systems in Terms of Quasi-Coordinates

Based on the concept of adiabatic invariant, the perturbation to Mei symmetry and adiabatic invariants for nonholonomic mechanical systems in terms of quasi-coordinates are studied. The definition of the perturbation to Mei symmetry for the system is presented, and the criterion of the perturbation to Mei symmetry is given. Meanwhile, the Mei adiabatic invariants for the perturbed system are obtained.