mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
某难处理金精矿焙烧预处理提取金和铜

研究某难处理金精矿焙烧预处理和提取金和铜的过程。结果表明,在600℃下两段焙烧,在温度80℃,pH=1.0的条件下浸出90 min,铜的浸出率可达79.62%,酸浸渣两段氰化,金的浸出率达91.86%。
2012年5月黄金市场回顾及后市展望

根据伦敦金银协会和上海黄金交易所数据显示，2012年3-4月金价下行，5月初伦敦金价一度跌破1600美元/盎司。5月下旬，由于欧债危机的解决需要在紧缩财政与促进经济增长之间寻找平衡，同时希腊问题也缓解了金价下行的压力。但由于希腊问题彻底得到解决前市场可能都将保持谨慎，金价的涨幅将受到限制。由于美元在货币市场中存在较强的避险功能，因此金价能够持续上涨则更多是受美国经济数据主导，但由于美国经济恢复仍然需要较长一段时间，预计未来短期内黄金市场仍将呈小幅震荡上行的态势，主要推动力仍然是黄金投资需求。
还原—磨选法处理澳大利亚某红土镍矿

针对澳大利亚某红土镍矿的矿物组成及比较国内外红土镍矿处理工艺,选择还原—磨选法处理该红土镍矿。固定磨选制度,研究还原温度、还原时间、还原剂配比、添加剂配比、料层厚度等因素对镍和钴直收率及其镍和钴平均品位的影响。结果表明,合适工艺条件:原料粒度-121+96mm、还原剂配比5.0%、添加剂配比5.0%,均匀混合,制成约15 mm×15 mm×20 mm球团,烘干,还原温度1 250℃,料层厚度40 mm,还原时间30 min;还原后通保护气氛冷却到室温,粉碎,进行磨选,矿浆浓度60%,球磨时间2.0 h,采用100 kA/m磁场强度磁选,磁选精矿再重选。在此工艺条件下,镍和钴的直收率分别达到88.29%和86.09%,镍钴合金粉末中镍和钴平均品位分别为9.92%和0.96%。
我国稀土产业发展的问题及对策建议

稀土因其独特优异的性质而广泛应用于高精尖科技和军工领域,是国家重要的战略资源。我国稀土储量世界第一,也是世界上最大的稀土供给国,在稀土的生产和使用量上居世界第一位。但由于稀土应用水平不高等各种原因,造成了我国稀土产业大而不强的现实。文中总结了我国稀土产业发展的现状,并分析了目前存在的问题,提出了大力发展稀土产业、保护稀土资源的对策和建议。
Design and preliminary evaluation of an exoskeleton for upper limb resistance training

Resistance training is a popular form of exercise recommended by national health organizations, such as the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) and the American Heart Association (AHA). This form of training is available for most populations. A compact design of upper limb exoskeleton mechanism for homebased resistance training using a spring-loaded upper limb exoskeleton with a three degree-of-freedom shoulder joint and a one degree-of-freedom elbow joint allows a patient or a healthy individual to move the upper limb with multiple joints in different planes. It can continuously increase the resistance by adjusting the spring length to train additional muscle groups and reduce the number of potential injuries to upper limb joints caused by the mass moment of inertia of the training equipment. The aim of this research is to perform a preliminary evaluation of the designed function by adopting an appropriate motion analysis system and experimental design to verify our prototype of the exoskeleton and determine the optimal configuration of the spring-loaded upper limb exoskeleton.
Remote sensing and GIS for land use/cover mapping and integrated land management: case from the middle Ganga plain

In India, land resources have reached a critical stage due to the rapidly growing population. This challenge requires an integrated approach toward harnessing land resources, while taking into account the vulnerable environmental conditions. Remote sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS) based technologies may be applied to an area in order to generate a sustainable development plan that is optimally suited to the terrain and to the productive potential of the local resources. The present study area is a part of the middle Ganga plain, known as Son-Karamnasa interfluve, in India. Alternative land use systems and the integration of livestock enterprises with the agricultural system have been suggested for land resources management. The objective of this paper is to prepare a land resource development plan in order to increase the productivity of land for sustainable development. The present study will contribute necessary input for policy makers to improve the socio-economic and environmental conditions of the region.
Addressing global change challenges for Central Asian socio-ecosystems

Central Asia is one of the most vulnerable regions on the planet earth to global climate change, depending on very fragile natural resources. The Soviet legacy has left the five countries (Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan) with a highly integrated system but they are facing great challenges with tensions that hinder regional coordination of food and water resources. With increasing climate variability and warming trend in the region, food and water security issues become even more crucial now and, if not addressed properly, could affect the regional stability. The long-term drivers of these two most critical elements, food and water, are climate change; the immediate and probably more drastic factors affecting the food and water security are land uses driven by institutional change and economic incentives. As a feedback, changes in land use and land cover have directly implications on water uses, food production, and lifestyles of the rural community in the region. Regional and international efforts have been made to holistically understand the cause, extent, rate and societal implications of land use changes in the region. Much of these have been understood, or under investigation by various projects, but solutions or research effort to develop solutions, to these urgent regional issues are lacking. This article, serves as an introduction to the special issue, provides a brief overview of the challenges facing the Central Asian countries and various international efforts in place that resulted in the publications of this special issue.
颅骨孤立性浆细胞瘤一例报道

颅骨骨髓瘤系来自骨髓组织浆细胞的肿瘤,也叫浆细胞瘤,多发者常见,可同时发生在颅骨、肋骨、椎体、骨盆、胸骨、锁骨等处,单发罕见[1].苏北人民医院神经外科于2010年12月收治一例颅骨孤立性浆细胞瘤,现报告如下.
甲状腺相关性眼病的研究现状

甲状腺相关性眼病其发病率居成人眼眶病之首.是一种与甲状腺功能异常相关的器官特异性自身免疫性疾病.其发病机制尚不完全清楚.目前的基础和临床研究对该病有了进一步认识,通过复习有关国内外文献,此文从免疫、遗传、病理等方面的最新研究对甲状腺相关眼病的发病机制,临床诊断及治疗的现状进行了综述,总结,并对今后的研究方向进行了展望.
《北京中医药大学学报(中医临床版)》8年刊载针灸论文分析

针灸学是一门起源于中国的古老而神奇的医学。随着社会的不断进步、发展,针灸在维护人类健康方面的重要性越来越受到国际社会的关注和重视。2010年11月16日联合国教科文组织保护非物质文化遗产政府间委员会第五次会议审议通过,将"中医针灸"正式列入《人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录》[1]。此次针灸"申遗"成功,说明世界对针灸的认可和肯定，这有利于进一步确定针灸医学和中医疗法在国际上的地位和影响力。了解和把握针灸医学发展状况以及今后的发展趋势，对针灸学具有重要意义。《北京中医药大学学报（中医临床版）》2003—2010年共刊载学术论文917篇，其中针灸论文136篇，占论文总数的14.83%。我们通过对这些论文进行系统回顾总结，对本刊所载针灸论文的学术内涵与编辑质量进行全面了解，力争进一步提高针灸论文质量，为继承、发展中医药事业作出贡献。
腰椎结核、腰大肌脓肿侵犯腹主动脉形成假性动脉瘤超声表现1例

腹主动脉假性动脉瘤是比较少见的血管疾患，病因以感染、外伤居多。好发部化在腹士动脉的远侧段和髂总动脉近侧段。当动脉壁受到损伤后。从受损的动脉管壁流出的血液在动脉的周围形成血肿。血肿的表面逐渐被内皮覆盖形成瘤壁，而内腔仍与动脉血管相通，常冈临床体榆而发现或以腹部搏动性包快而就诊。本例患者因腰椎结核、腰大肌脓肿侵犯腹主动脉远侧段动脉壁局部形成假性动脉瘤。超声检查显示腰大肌区域可见冷脓肿回声，其内近腹主动脉侧可见无回声团块。并可见破口与腹主动脉相通。彩色多普勒显示无回声区内彩色血流呈涡流，假性动脉瘤凸人周围脓肿内，并被周围脓肿紧密包绕。该例超声提示：腰椎旁、腰大肌脓肿内的无回声区且紧邻腹主动脉时。应结合彩色多普勒超声，考虑有无腹丰动脉假性动脉瘤的可能，为临床下一步治疗疗案的制定提供重要的依据。
慢性胃炎中西医结合诊疗共识意见(2011年天津)

中国中西医结合学会消化系统疾病专业委员会于90年代和2004年先后公布了《慢性胃炎中西医结合诊断、辨证和疗效标准(试行方案)》~([1])和《慢性胃炎的中西医结合诊治方案(2003,重庆)》~([2])。鉴于慢性胃炎近年中西医诊疗均取得了很大进展~([3-5]),本会组织国内有关专家于2009年南宁会议和2010年苏州会议国内有关专家于2009年南宁会议和2010年苏州会议经过两次讨论修订，基本达成了2010年苏州慢性胃炎中西医结合诊疗共识。2011年10月28—30日，专业委员会又特邀了部分知名专家在天津进行了最后讨论审定，现将审定后的诊疗共识公布如下。
冠状动脉介入术后脑出血9例临床分析

目的分析冠状动脉介入术后脑出血临床特点及易患因素,探讨其预防及治疗方法.方法回顾性分析9例冠状动脉介入术后脑出血患者的临床资料.结果冠状动脉介入术脑出血9例(0.18‰),其中冠状动脉造影术脑出血5例(0.13‰),冠状动脉介入治疗术脑出血4例(0.38‰);所有患者均联用3种以上抗血栓药物,其中高血压(7例)、脑梗死(1例)、血小板减少(1例)、大量吸烟(4例)及酗酒(2例);早期临床表现有高血压(6例)、头痛(6例)、恶心呕吐(6例)、神志淡漠(1例)、烦躁(1例)及失语偏瘫(2例);7例CT证实均为脑叶出血,多脑叶出血(4例)、单脑叶出血(2例)、小脑出血1例、4例脑出血破入脑室或蛛网膜下腔、1例脑梗死后出血;所有患者均先行药物治疗,5例行外科手术清除血肿,存活2例,1例药物治疗存活,1例手术后存活;7例患者死亡.结论高血压、抗栓药物是冠状动脉介入术后脑出血的主要原因;冠状动脉介入术前应评估脑出血风险;药物及外科手术治疗效果不佳,应该寻找更加有效的治疗方法.
超声心动图诊断右冠状动脉窦房结支瘤样扩张并右房瘘1例

讨论冠状动脉瘘是较少见的先天性心脏病，占全部心脏病的0. 005%?0. 07%，以右冠状动脉瘘人右室最多见，较少瘘人右房。本例患儿右冠状动脉起始部明显增宽，右房、右室增大，提示右冠状动脉异常。正常儿童右冠状动脉窦房结支管腔较细，走行迂曲，如无瘤样扩张，显示较困难。本例窦房结支发生瘤样扩张，在右房内可见“花生状”扩张的管状结构，经连续追踪确定为瘤样扩张的右冠状动脉窦房结支，结合彩色多普勒技术，发现冠脉血流经瘘口人右房顶，高速的血流撞击右房壁导致方向发生改变，形成漩涡状。右房、右室因容量负荷增加而增大。冠脉造影是诊断本病的“金标准”，但有创，对操作者和患者均有放射性损伤，且操作复杂、费用昂贵。超声心动图具有无创、实时、操作简便、重复性好、费用低廉等优点，目前已成为本病的首选检査方法。连续追踪法结合彩色多普勒技术，可对冠状动脉瘤样扩张部位、范围及瘘口部位、数量、内径等作出准确诊断，能为手术或介人治疗提供重要的参考信息。
主动脉夹层Ⅰ型超声表现1例

主动脉夹层多发生于升主动脉，远端者累及者较少见，像本例累及范围之广泛国内文献未见报道。超声检査漏诊腹腔干、肠系膜上动脉及双肾动脉，主要原因是上述漏诊动脉内径小，腹部气体干扰大，不宜按压扫查所致。超声心动图检査具有无创、简捷的优点，是主动脉夹层的首选检查方法，对临床及时诊断与治疗具有重要价值。
我院门诊复方口服避孕药的非避孕性应用情况分析

目的 分析复方口服避孕药的非避孕性应用情况。方法 回顾性分析我院门诊2010年6月1日至9月1日之间使用复方口服避孕药的处方，根据国际疾病分类ICD-10统计临床诊断。结果 非避孕性诊断处方占本次分析处方的95.5%，避孕处方仅占4.5%；含不同类型孕激素的药物其非避孕性应用方面既有相似性，又有各自的特点。结论 非避孕性应用是我院门诊使用复方口服避孕药的主要目的；促进临床合理使用复方口服避孕药，需正确评估其非避孕性应用。
系统性肥大细胞增生症一例

SM患者临床表现有肥大细胞分泌症状,如阵发性皮肤潮红、瘙痒，心悸、恶心、呕吐、腹痛、腹泻、头痛、晕厥、低血压等~([1-2），这些症状主要是肥大细胞释放介质（组胺、类胰蛋白酶、类糜蛋白酶、肝素等）的结果。SM常见浸润骨髓、骨骼、肝脾、淋巴结、胃肠道等，从而出现贫血、病理性骨折、肝脾肿大、淋巴结肿大、腹水及吸收不良等。SM累及肺部可表现为干咳、喘息和呼吸困难等~（[3-5)。SM浸润肺部的影像学表现常为弥漫性间质性纤维化、囊性病变、肺部小结节影、网格状高密度影等，本例患者肺部表现为活动后气促，无咳嗽、咳痰及发热，抗感染治疗无效，同时胸部CT表现为弥漫间质样改变，考虑SM肺部受累可能性大。
涎腺细胞紧密连接的研究进展

紧密连接广泛存在于所有上皮细胞间连接的最顶端,是物质经过旁细胞途径进行转运的结构基础,具有"栅栏"和"屏障"功能。以往研究发现,紧密连接参与了呼吸道上皮细胞的分泌、肠上皮细胞的屏障保护以及肾小管上皮的重吸收等生理功能。近年来发现,在涎腺上皮细胞也有紧密连接的表达,一些促分泌药物和促炎因子可通过调节紧密连接的表达、结构和功能进而调控涎腺的分泌。本文重点综述了涎腺细胞紧密连接的研究进展,包括涎腺中紧密连接蛋白的表达类型和功能,探讨紧密连接对涎腺分泌的影响,为相关疾病的治疗提供新的思路。
大剂量阿糖胞苷巩固治疗细胞遗传学预后中等的急性髓系白血病疗效分析

急性髓系白血病(AML)是一组异质性疾病,不同的细胞遗传学和分子生物学特征具有重要的临床预后意义.AML标准诱导治疗方案以蒽环类和阿糖胞苷(Ara-C)为主.AML患者完全缓解(CR)后按遗传学预后分组进行巩固治疗:预后良好者以2~4个疗程大剂量Ara-C(HD-Ara-C)为主;预后差者推荐异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT);预后中等者目前最佳巩固治疗策略仍存在一定争议,可选择allo-HSCT,也可选择多疗程HD-Ara-C、中剂量Ara-C(ID-Ara-C)或标准剂量化疗[6].为进一步明确HDAra-C巩固治疗在细胞遗传学预后中等的AML患者中的临床意义,我们回顾性分析92例细胞遗传学预后中等的AML患者的长期疗效,比较不同剂量Ara-C巩固治疗疗效的差异.
伴有t(9;22)(q34;q11)急性早幼粒细胞白血病一例

CML急变为APL一般都有CML病史，且脾脏肿大、常见巨脾，急变后外周血和骨髓中仍易见嗜酸、嗜碱粒细胞以及中、晚幼粒细胞增多。该患者缺乏上述病史、体征及实验室检验特征；病史短，进展快，符合急性发病过程；对治疗反应好，应用维甲酸、亚砷酸联合伊马替尼治疗40 d后(亚砷酸总剂量280 mg)骨髓达到CR，两个月后PML—RARα和bcrabl融合基因均转为阴性，故诊断为原发APL(伴复杂核型异常)。
Exfoliation and dispersion of graphene in ethanol-water mixtures

Graphene has attracted much attention as a new nano-carbon for its unique structure and properties. However, production and dispersion of unfunctionalized graphene are still big challenges. Herein, we demonstrate a simple method for preparation and dispersion of such graphene with low cost and non toxicum. This approach is achieved by exfoliating graphite in an ethanol/water mixture and forming stable dispersion of mono- and few-layer graphenes. The ratio of ethanol/water in the mixture is found to be crucial to both the exfoliation and dispersion processes. Exfoliation in pure water or pure ethanol produces no graphene. This method avoids the conventional use of harsh oxidants and surfactants; therefore, the graphitic structure is well maintained without destruction. Benefiting from the use of ethanol and water, it can be easy to prepare transparent and conductive graphene films by vacuum filtering or spray method, and does not need special post-treatment to remove the impurity, which could be beneficial for potential applications in electronic, optic and energy areas.
A20的基因表达在肝癌细胞对TRAIL耐受中的作用研究

肿瘤坏死因子相关的凋亡诱导配体(tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand,TRAIL)以其高选择性的诱导癌肿细胞凋亡并且规避对正常细胞的杀伤作用引起了广泛关注,但几乎所有的肝癌细胞系均对TRAIL表现出不同程度的耐药性.我们在前期实验中发现肿瘤坏死因子阿尔法诱导蛋白3(tumor necrosis factorαinducing protein 3,A20)泛素化受体相互作用蛋白(receptor interacting protein,RIP)可能是造成肝癌细胞对TRAIL耐受的机制之一.我们用小干扰RNA(small interfering RNA,siRNA)技术沉默A20联合TRAIL处理肝癌细胞系HepG2和Hep3B,探讨TRAIL诱导肝癌细胞的凋亡能力及其泛素化调节RIP的机制.
脂氧素A_4对重症急性胰腺炎大鼠肺组织一氧化氮表达的影响

重症急性胰腺炎(Severe Acute Pancreatitis,SAP)急性肺损伤(Acute Lung Injury,ALI)多见,SAP继发ALI率高达60%~70%,并成为SAP的主要死亡原因之一.脂氧素(lipoxin,LX)是近年来发现的一种内源性抗炎介质,产生于炎症后期,能促进炎症反应的及时消退.本研究就脂氧素对SAP继发的肺损伤是否有治疗作用作一探讨.
Hippo pathway in intestinal homeostasis and tumorigenesis

The Hippo pathway plays a crucial role in controlling organ size by inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting cell death. Recent findings implicate that this pathway is involved in the process of intestinal regeneration and tumorigenesis. Here we summarize current studies for the function of the Hippo signaling pathway in intestinal homeostasis, regeneration and tumorigenesis, and the crosstalk between the Hippo signaling pathway and other major signaling pathways, i.e. Wnt, Notch and Jak/Stat signaling pathways in intestinal compartment.
Optical sampling system using periodically-poled lithium niobate waveguide and nonlinear polarization rotation mode-locked fiber laser

A novel design of optical sampling system has been developed by using sum-frequency generation (SFG) in a periodically-poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguide and using passive mode-locked fiber laser pulses as optical sampling pulses. The system achieved high temporal resolution and high sensitivity using a 30 mm length PPLN with quasi phase match period of 19.3 μm and 151 fs sampling pulses which were generated by passive modelock fiber laser based on nonlinear polarization rotation (NPR). Clear eye-diagram of 10 Gbit/s non-return-to-zeros (NRZ) pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) optical signal were successfully reconstructed by this system.
High-performance and current crowding-free InGaN-GaN-based LEDs integrated by an electrically-reverse-connected Schottky diode and a Mg-delta doped p-GaN

This work demonstrates high-performance and current crowding-free InGaN/GaN light-emitting diodes (LEDs) using an electrically-reverse-connected Schottky diode (SD) and an Mg-delta (δ) doped layer. Possible mechanism of carrier transport at the interface between transparent conducting electrode (TCE) and p -GaN with the δ -doped layer is also investigated. Results show that the LED with the SD and Mg delta (δ)-doping layer yields lower series resistance, higher output power, and lower reverse leakage current compared to normal LEDs. In addition, unlike the normal LED, there is no occurrence for the current crowding effect in the proposed LED even at high current density of 380 mA/cm 2. These remarkable behaviours clearly indicate that the use of the SD and δ -doping in the p -GaN region is very promising to achieve high-brightness and excellent-reliability GaN-based LEDs.
脾性腺融合症1例

脾性腺融合症的确切病因尚不清楚。一般认为,该病发生在性腺下降之前,即孕5~8周。胚胎期来自体腔上皮和中肠实质的几组细胞在中肠背侧形成脾原质,几乎同时中肠背侧和中肾之间形成性腺原质。中肠背侧在旋转过程中,脾原质逐渐靠近性腺原质,其尾部的迁移可导致这两个原始器官部分融合。
体针加火针拔罐治疗带状疱疹后遗神经痛50例

目的:观察体针加火针拔罐治疗带状疱疹后遗神经痛的效果。方法:消毒患处,将火针烧红,快速点刺最痛处,点刺完加拔火罐,配合体针。结果:总有效率为94%。结论:体针加火针拔罐治疗带状疱疹后遗神经痛疗效显著。
腹膜透析相关腹膜炎致病菌及药敏结果分析

腹膜炎是腹膜透析(PD)最常见的并发症,亦是导致技术失败的主要原因。严重的PD相关腹膜炎可导致腹膜失超滤,最终迫使PD患者退出腹膜透析甚至死亡。本研究回顾分析了PD相关腹膜炎患者的病原菌培养、药敏结果及预后情况,以期为感染性腹膜炎的治疗提供依据~([1])。
Partial amination of cationic exchange resins and its application in the hydration of butene

In this work,the amination of sulfonated polystyrene resin with alkyl secondary amine is investigated.The catalytic activities of the modified resins are determined through the hydration of 1-butene.The optimum chain length and the best range of amination rate are determined.It is found that the single-pass conversion of 1-butene was raised 2% on average,and the relative activity was increased over 30% after modification.A hypothesis about the enhancement of catalytic activities by the inclusion of alkyl chain to wrap up the butene molecule is proposed.
Low temperature microwave-assisted vs conventional pyrolysis of various biomass feedstocks

A comparison between conventional pyrolysis and a novel developed low-temperature microwave-assisted pyrolysis methodology has been performed for the valorisation of a range of biomass feedstocks including waste residues.Microwave pyrolysis was found to efficiently deliver comparable evolution of bio-gases in the system as compared with conventional pyrolysis at significantly reduced temperatures(120 180 ℃ vs 250 400 ℃).The gas obtained from microwave-assisted pyrolysis was found to contain CO_2,CH_4 and CO as major components as well as other related chemicals(e.g.acids,aldehydes,alkanes) which were obtained in different proportions depending on the selected feedstock.
Enhancement of CO_2 adsorption on nanoporous chromium terephthalate(MIL-101) by amine modification

Carbon dioxide(CO_2) adsorption on a standard metal-organic framework MIL-101 and a pentaethylenehexamine modified MIL-101(PEHAMIL-101) are investigated and compared in this study.The adsorbent samples were characterized by XRD,FT-IR and nitrogen adsorptiondesorption isotherms analysis.CO_2 adsorption capacity was measured by a volumetric method.MIL-101 and PEHA-MIL-101 exhibited CO_2 adsorption capacities of 0.85 and 1.3 mmol CO_2 /g adsorbent at 10 bar and 298 K,respectively.It is observed that CO_2 adsorption capacity was fairly improved about 50% after amine modification.
2009年天津市津南区餐饮具消毒效果调查

为了解天津市津南区餐具消毒效果,2009年1至12月按照随机抽样的原则对津南区2009年中心城区559家宾馆、饭店、餐厅、小吃店等饮食单位清洗后待用的各类餐具(汤碗、菜盘、吃碟、茶杯、酒杯)进行采样。营业面积在300 m~2以上为大型餐厅,面积在100~300 m~2为中型餐厅,营业面积在100 m~2以下为小型餐厅。物理法消毒的样品必须表面光洁、无油污、无水渍、无异味等;化学法消毒的样品要求必须无泡沫、无洗消剂味道、无不溶性附着物等。依据GB/T14934—1994《食(饮)具消毒卫生标准》中纸片法进行检测并进行评价。
离子色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定大米中无机砷

含砷地下水灌溉、含砷农用化学品的使用和金属矿产资源的开发利用是导致土壤砷污染的主要原因。由于水稻对砷的积累能力明显高于其它旱地作物(如小麦和玉米),对以大米为主食的人群来说,即使是轻度的大米砷污染也可能危害人体的健康。砷的主要形态有:砷酸盐(AsO3-)、亚砷酸盐(AsO2-)、一甲基砷化合物(MMA)、二甲基砷化合物(DMA)、三甲基砷的氧化物(TMAO)、砷甜菜碱(AsB)、砷胆碱(AsC)和砷糖(AsS)等。其中砷酸盐、亚砷酸盐的毒性较高,有机砷中仅MMA和DMA有较小的毒性,其它有机形态大多无毒[1],所以无机砷的含量基本能够反映有毒砷的含量。
腰痛患者进行核心肌群稳定性训练的疗效研究

急性腰痛患者大多由脊柱外伤、椎间盘突出等造成。但外伤愈合后许多患者腰痛经常复发,严重影响生存质量。有研究表明手法治疗在短期内是有效的,但长期效果维持却很难。核心肌群稳定性训练法(core stabilization exercises,CSE)在缓解腰痛症状方面已得到广泛认同。CSE不仅能够维持躯干的稳定性,更重要的是能够预防和治疗腰痛,国外有很多临床研究支持此论点。因此,21世纪初CSE疗法在国外逐渐成为康复治疗趋势及新的康复治疗技术。本试验运用CSE与传统腰背肌训练方法对慢性腰痛患者的症状及功能的疗效进行比较。
中国慢性肾脏病患病率的横断面调查

多因素分析显示,与罹患CKD相关的因素包括其他慢性非传染性疾病,如高血压、糖尿病和心血管疾病等。CKD和这些非传染性疾病互为危险因素,形成恶性循环。因此,CKD的早期发现和一体化管理对于全球主要慢性非传染性疾病的有效防治起着举足轻重的作用。
油茶内生细菌Y13对油茶抗性相关酶的诱导作用

内生细菌Y13是从油茶叶片中分离筛选出的一株有效防治油茶炭疽病的细菌,并鉴定为枯草芽胞杆菌Bacillus subtilis。内生细菌诱导植物抗病性是其防治植物病害的作用机制之一。周国英等[1]研究认为,油茶内生细菌Y13对油茶炭疽病有显著的诱导效果。本研究拟采用内生细菌Y13为诱导因子,在前期研究的基础上,对Y13诱导油茶苗的相关防御酶的活性变化进行了测定。
基于eSuperMap的自然地理实习数据采集与导航系统

针对传统自然地理实习技术手段落后、效率低下、数据采集困难等问题,利用eSuperMap嵌入式开发技术,结合自然地理实习的实际情况,开发出运行于智能终端的自然地理实习数据采集与导航系统,为自然地理实习中的数据采集与导航提供有效的辅助手段。应用实践表明,该系统能够提高实习质量,具有应用推广价值。
基于高程约束的真正射影像遮蔽检测算法

提出一种优化的真正射影像遮蔽检测算法。该方法借鉴角度判别法和高程射线追踪法的思想,在遮蔽检测过程中对判别准则进行约束,从而提高执行效率,并且试验结果证明该方法是可行的。
The comparison of altimeter retrieval algorithms of the wind speed and the wave period

With the launch of altimeter,much effort has been made to develop algorithms on the wind speed and the wave period.By using a large data set of collocated altimeter and buoy measurements,the typical wind speed and wave period algorithms are validated.Based on theoretical argument and the concept of wave age,a semi-empirical algorithm for the wave period is also proposed,which has the wave-period dimension,and explicitly demonstrates the relationships between the wave period and the other variables.It is found that Ku and C band data should be applied simultaneously in order to improve either wind speed or wave period algorithms.The dual-band algorithms proposed by Chen et al.(2002) for the wind speed and Quilfen et al.(2004) for the wave period perform best in terms of a root mean square error in the practical applications.
Effects of Irrigation Water Quality and Drip Tape Arrangement on Soil Salinity,Soil Moisture Distribution,and Cotton Yield (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Under Mulched Drip Irrigation in Xinjiang,China

More and more attention is being focused on saline water utilization in irrigation due to the shortage of fresh water to agriculture in many regions.For purpose of reducing the risks of using of saline water for irrigation,the mechanism of soil moisture and salinity distribution and transport should be well understood for developing optimum management strategies.In this paper,field experiments were carried out at Junggar Basin,China,to study the effects of drip irrigation water quality and drip tape arrangement on distribution of soil salinity and soil moisture.Six treatments were designed,including two drip tape arrangement modes and three irrigation water concentration levels (0.24,4.68,and 7.42 dS m-1).Results showed that,soil moisture content (SMC) directly beneath the drip tape in all treatments kept a relatively high value about 18% before boll opening stage;the SMC in the narrow strip in single tape arrangement (Ms) plot was obviously lower than that in the double tapes arrangement (Md) plot,indicating that less sufficient water was supplied under the same condition of irrigation depth,but there was no significant reduction in yield.Mulching had not significant influence on salt accumulation but the drip tape arrangement,under the same condition of irrigation water depth and quality,compared with Md,Ms reduced salt accumulation in root zone and brought about relatively high cotton yield.
Calculation and Simulation of Evapotranspiration of Applied Water

The University of California,Davis and the California Department of Water Resources have developed a weather generator application program "SIMETAW" to simulate weather data from climatic records and to estimate reference evapotranspiration (ET_o) and crop evapotranspiration (ET_c) with the generated simulation data or with observed data.A database of default soil depth and water holding characteristics,effective crop rooting depths,and crop coefficient (K_c) values to convert ET_o to ET_c are input into the program.After calculating daily ET_c,the input and derived data are used to determine effective rainfall and to generate hypothetical irrigation schedules to estimate the seasonal and annual evapotranspiration of applied water (ET_(aw)),where ET_(aw) is the net amount of irrigation water needed to produce a crop.In this paper,we will discuss the simulation model and how it determines ET_(aw) for use in water resources planning.
Antidepressant Effects of Ginsenosides from Panax notoginseng

Ginsenosides Rg 1,Rb 1,R 1,Rd,and Re are major constituents of Panax notoginseng,a famous traditional Chinese medicinal herb,which has both stimulative and inhibitory effects on the central nervous system (CNS).The monoamine hypothesis proposes that depression is a result of the depletion of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT),norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) in addition to the activation of monoamine oxidase in the CNS.The purpose of this study was to determine whether P.notoginseng Saponin (PNS) has an antidepressant activity.We investigated the antidepressant-like activities of Rg 1,Rb 1,R 1,Rd,and Re in mice,using two animal models of depression.In addition,we analyzed the neurochemicals by the chronic unpredictable mild stress test.Our results showed that Rb 1,Rd,and Re treatment at 10 mg kg~(-1) significantly reduced the duration of immobility in both the tail suspension and forced swimming tests.Rb 1,Rd,and Re increases in 5HT and NE levels at 10 mg kg~(-1) in both the frontal cortex and hippocampus.Dopamine levels increased in the hippocampus and the striatum.Moreover,5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) levels were found increased in the hippocampus.These findings suggest that the antidepressant effects of Rb 1,Rd,and Re may be related to the increase in 5-HT and NE in the CNS,and through the alterations in the synthesis or metabolism of dopamine.
Curent Situation of “Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus” in Guangdong,China,Where Citrus Huanglongbing Was First Described

Citrus Huanglongbing (HLB,yellow shoot disease) was first observed in the coastal Chaoshan Plain of Guangdong Province,China,in the late 19th century based on descriptions of yellow shoot symptoms. "Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus" has been considered as a putative pathogen associated with HLB since 1994.Information about the curent prevalence of this bacterium is important for HLB control in Guangdong and also provides useful reference for HLB study elsewhere.In 2007,we collected HLB symptomatic citrus samples from 16 cultivars in 12 prefecture cities,mostly in the north and west regions of Guangdong,where major citrus fruits are currently produced.Among the 359 samples collected,241 (67.1%) were positive for "Ca.L.asiaticus",distributed in 15 out of the 16 cultivars from all 12 cities,indicating the widespread prevalence of "Ca.L.asiaticus" in Guangdong Province.The detection rates varied from 16.7 to 100% depending on location and cultivar.Lower detection rates were found in newer citrus cultivation cities among the previously less popular but now promoted cultivars.In reviewing the citrus management and pest control practice,we believe that infected nursery stocks play a key role in the current spread of "Ca.L.asiaticus".
Investigation of Io's auroral hiss emissions due to its motion in Jupiter's magnetosphere

The left-hand side of the auroral hiss emission observed by Galileo has a frequency time profile shaped very similar to the funnel shape observed in the Earth’s auroral region.This close similarity indicates that we can use the theory of whistlermode propagation near the resonance cone to locate the emission source.The general characteristics of the whistler mode are discussed.Then the position of the emission source is investigated using a geometrical method that takes into account the trajectory of Galileo.Initially a point source is assumed.Then the possibility of a sheet source aligned along the magnetic field lines which are tangent to the surface of Io is investigated.Both types of sources show that the whistler mode radiation originates very close to the surface of Io.