mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
中医"七传死"理论探析

本文从《难经》出发,结合历代医家注解与相关训诂学知识,研究发现"七传死"当为"次传死",同时上溯《黄帝内经》《脉经》《史记》《金匮要略》等相关古籍,研究得到以下结论:《黄帝内经》中论述"次传死"的理论来源于对自然界四时五季相胜的观察,并详细记载了五脏各自"次传死"传变过程,特别以肺脏为例论述"次传死"的传变过程;《黄帝内经》《脉经》发挥了"次传死"理论以判断死期,《难经》发挥"次传死"理论以判断疾病治疗的难易;《金匮要略》利用"次传死"理论推论脏病的传变与治疗,并利用"次传死"理论指导脏病的用药规律。
The lectin gene TRpL1 of tetraploid Robinia pseudoacacia L. response to salt stress

Lectins are natural proteins in animals, plants, and microorganisms and can be divided into 12 families. These lectins play important roles in various environmental stresses. Some polyploid plants show tolerance to environmental stresses and to insect pests. However, the mechanism of stress tolerance is unclear. Tetraploid Robinia pseudoacacia (4×) under salt stress showed higher tolerance than diploid R. pseudoacacia (2×). As lectin can improve stress tolerance, it was questioned whether the stress resistance of polyploid plants was related to the lectin protein. In this study, salt resistance of lectin gene TRpL1 was verified by its over-expression in plants. In addition, salt resistance of lectin protein by E. coli strains was detected. The data revealed that the over-expression transgenic plants of TRpL1 showed better salt tolerance than control plants under salt stress, and the TRpL1-expressing strain also grew better in the medium with added NaCl. Therefore, tetraploid plants can resist salt stress through TRpL1 protein regulation.
BATON: symphony of random testing and concolic testing through machine learning and taint analysis

Random testing is scalable but often fails to hit corner program behaviors, while systematic testing(e.g., concolic execution)is promising to cover corner program behaviors but is not scalable to explore all program behaviors. Prior attempts to integrate random testing with systematic testing lack targeted guidance. In this paper, we propose a guided hybrid testing approach, named B_(ATON), to synergize random testing with concolic testing. It integrates the knowledge inside test cases and their executions into a conditional execution graph, and uses such knowledge to guide test case generation. Specifically, we learn classification models for some conditionals in the conditional execution graph in a demand-driven way. These models are used to guide random testing to reach and cover partially-covered conditionals. We further employ targeted concolic testing to cover conditionals that cannot be fully covered by guided random testing. We implemented B_(ATON)for Java and evaluated it on three benchmarks. The results show that B_(ATON)improved branch coverage and mutation score over random testing by 16.2%-29.4% and 19.0%-30.0%, over adaptive random testing by 16.8%-33.8% and 19.4%-34.2%, over concolic testing by 2.3%-29.9% and 2.9%-30.1%,and over simple hybrid testing by 1.6%-14.5% and 1.4%-18.7%.
Enhancing the stability of planar perovskite solar cells by green and inexpensive cellulose acetate butyrate

Although the efficiency of organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskite solar cells has been improved rapidly, the intrinsic instability of perovskite materials restricts their commercial application. Here, an eco-friendly and low-cost organic polymer, cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB), was introduced to the grain boundaries and surfaces of perovskite, resulting in a high-quality and low-defect perovskite film with a nearly tenfold improvement in carrier lifetime. More importantly, the CAB-treated perovskite films have a well-matched energy level with the charge transport layers, thus suppressing carrier nonradiative recombination and carrier accumulation. As a result, the optimized CAB-based device achieved a champion efficiency of 21.5% compared to the control device (18.2%). Since the ester group in CAB bonds with Pb in perovskite, and the H and O in the hydroxyl group bond with the I and organic cations in perovskite, respectively, it will contribute to superior stability under heat, high humidity, and light soaking conditions. After aging under 35% humidity (relative humidity, RH) for 3300 h, the optimized device can still maintain more than 90% of the initial efficiency; it can also retain more than 90% of the initial efficiency after aging at 65 °C, 65% RH, or light (AM 1.5G) for 500 h. This simple optimization strategy for perovskite stability could facilitate the commercial application of perovskite solar cells.
Hierarchically wood-derived integrated electrode with tunable superhydrophilic/superaerophobic surface for efficient urea electrolysis

Conferring surfaces with superhydrophilic/superaerophobic characteristics is desirable for synthesizing efficient gas reaction catalysts. However, complicated procedures, high costs, and poor interfaces hinder commercialization. Here, an integrated electrode with tunable wettability derived from a hierarchically porous wood scaffold was well designed for urea oxidation reaction (UOR). Interestingly, the outer surface of the wood lumen was optimized to the preferred wettability via stoichiometry to promote electrolyte permeation and gas escape. This catalyst exhibits outstanding activity and durability for UOR in alkaline media, requiring only a potential of 1.36 V (vs. RHE) to deliver 10 mA cm~(-2) and maintain its activity without significant decay for 60 h. These experiments and theoretical calculations demonstrate that the nickel (oxy)hydroxide layer formed through surface reconstruction of nickel nanoparticles improves the active sites and intrinsic activity. Moreover, the superwetting properties of the electrode promote mass transfer by guaranteeing substantial contact with the electrolyte and accelerating the separation of gaseous products during electrocatalysis. These findings provide the understanding needed to manipulate the surface wettability through rational design and fabrication of efficient electrocatalysts for gas-evolving processes.
Inclusion of methylviologen dication in a cadmium tetracyanoplatinate host clathrate showing photochromism and photoluminescence modulation

A cadmium tetracyanoplatinate host clathrate, (MV)[Cd_2 {Pt(CN)_4 }_3]·2(H_2O) (1), including a methylviologen dication (MV~(2+)) was synthesized, and the crystal structures, photochromic and photoluminescence properties were investigated. In 1, the alternatively parallel stacking between the MV~(2+) dications as electron acceptors in the channels and the electron donors [Pt1(CN)_4]~(2-)units in the host frameworks give a unique donor-acceptor (DA) system. Under UV irradiation, the electron transfer between MV~(2+) and [Pt(CN)_4]~(2-)ions generates MV~(·+) radicals with a photochromic behavior from pale-yellow to blue. This process occurs through single-crystal-to-single-crystal (SCSC) transformation and obvious structure variation of viologen cations is successfully observed. Moreover, the spectral overlap between the emission bands of 1 and the absorption around 623 nm for the MV~(·+) radicals leads to a modulation of the photoluminescence.
Continuously tunable CW single-frequency Nd:YAP/LBO laser with dual-wavelength output

We present a continuously tunable high-power continuous wave (CW) single-frequency (SF) Nd: YAlO_3/lithium triborate (Nd:YAP/LBO) laser with dual-wavelength output, which is implemented by combining an optimized and locked etalon with an intracavity nonlinear loss. The obtained output powers of the stable SF 1080 and 540 nm lasers are 2.39 and 4.18 W, respectively. After the etalon is locked to an oscilating mode of the laser, the wideband continuous frequency tuning and long-term stable single-longitudinal-mode operation of the laser are successfully realized, which can be well used for the applications of quantum information and quantum computation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first realization of the continuously tunable high-power CW SF 1080/540 nm dual-wavelength laser.
Single-lane 200 Gbit/s photonic wireless transmission of multicarrier 64-QAM signals at 300 GHz over 30 m

Recently, wireless communication capacity has been witnessing unprecedented growth. Benefits from the optoelectronic components with large bandwidth, photonics-assisted terahertz (THz) communication links have been extensively developed to accommodate the upcoming wireless transmission with a high data rate. However, limited by the available signalto-noise ratio and THz component bandwidth, single-lane transmission of beyond 100 Gbit/s data rate using a single pair of THz transceivers is still very challenging. In this study, a multicarrier THz photonic wireless communication link in the 300 GHz band is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Enabled by subcarrier multiplexing, spectrally efficient modulation format, well-tailored digital signal processing routine, and broadband THz transceivers, a line rate of 72 Gbit/s over a wireless distance of 30 m is successfully demonstrated, resulting in a total net transmission capacity of up to 202.5 Gbit/s. The single-lane transmission of beyond 200 Gbit/s overall data rate with a single pair of transceivers at 300 GHz is considered a significant step toward a viable photonics-assisted solution for the next-generation information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructure.
Tooth number abnormality: from bench to bedside

Tooth number abnormality is one of the most common dental developmental diseases, which includes both tooth agenesis and supernumerary teeth. Tooth development is regulated by numerous developmental signals, such as the well-known Wnt, BMP, FGF, Shh and Eda pathways, which mediate the ongoing complex interactions between epithelium and mesenchyme. Abnormal expression of these crutial signalling during this process may eventually lead to the development of anomalies in tooth number; however, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In this review, we summarized the major process of tooth development, the latest progress of mechanism studies and newly reported clinical investigations of tooth number abnormality. In addition, potential treatment approaches for tooth number abnormality based on developmental biology are also discussed. This review not only provides a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of tooth number abnormality in clinical practice but also facilitates the translation of basic research to the clinical application.
The room temperature ferromagnetism in highly strained twodimensional magnetic semiconductors

In spintronics, it is still a challenge in experiments to realize the ferromagnetic semiconductors with Curie temperature Tc above room temperature. In 2017, the successful synthesis of two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals ferromagnetic semiconductors, including the monolayer CrI3 with Tc = 45 K and the bilayer Cr_2Ge_2Te_6 with Tc = 28 K in experiments, has attracted extensive attention in the 2D ferromagnetic semiconductors. One of the key problems is to find suitable 2D magnetic semiconductors, which can have room-temperature operation as required in applications.
In-situ observation and modeling approach to evolution of pore-fracture structure in coal

The characterisation of the pore-fracture structure (PFS) and its evolution in coal during mining are essential for preventing gas outbursts and improving gas extraction efficiency. In this study, the evolution of the PFS in coal samples under the condition of mining stress was directly captured in situ by combination of the mechanical testing system with high-precision visualisation nuclear magnetic resonance equipment. A fractional derivative model was established to describe the relationship between stress and porosity based on experimental results of the PFS under different stress states. The results showed that with an increase in the deviatoric stress, the adsorption pore content increases rapidly initially and then increases slowly or remains unchanged; the seepage pore and fracture (SPF) content decreases initially and then increases. The SPF compressibility coefficient decreases with an increase in the deviatoric stress. The fractional derivative model can accurately describe the stress sensitivity of the SPFs at the pre-peak stage, thus providing a new approach for accurately characterising the seepage characteristics of coal reservoirs.
Wearable energy systems: what are the limits and limitations?

The recent decade marks a sharp rise in wearable electronics with a market size approaching 100 billion USD. Alongside this boom in consumer wearable electronics, researchers have pursued, during the past 15 years, next-generation wearable electronics featuring thin, soft, conformal, flexible and stretchable form factors for application in advanced human-machine interaction and comprehensive sensing. These efforts have conceived a wide class of wearable sensors, displays, integrated circuits, batteries, supercapacitors and energy harvesters, that assemble into an ecosystem of future wearable devices. Similar to other types of electronics, wearable electronics require a constant power source for uninterrupted operation. As the demand for wearable electronics grows, so does the demand for wearable power sources. Excitingly, the concept of self-powered wearable systems has recently gained increasing popularity, entailing the integration of energy harvesters and energy storages devices with wearable electronics, towards energy-autonomous extended on-body operation. While research into wearable energy-harvesting and storage devices, and the integration thereof, is soaring, to this day researchers have not been able to meet the energy demands of the majority of existing wearable applications. As examples, wireless earbuds or smartwatches use 300-1500 mWh batteries, while most flexible batteries feature <5 mWh/cm~2 energy; low-power microcontrollers for wearable sensors typically require 1-100 mW power input, while wearable bioenergy harvesters can only harvest<1 mW/cm~2 power. Such major gaps between energy demand and supply become the bottleneck of the ecosystem. To date, few wearable electronics possessing ubiquitous conformity and flexibility, and that are compatible with diverse lifestyles, exist on the market. While the performance of wearable energy devices has certainly not reached its full potential, many practical factors hinder the development of next-generation commercially viable wearable electronics. This perspective aims to stimulate discussion on the theoretical limits and practical limitations of wearable energy devices, with a view to addressing these major issues (Fig. 1).
High-throughput site-specific N-glycoproteomics reveals glyco-signatures for liver disease diagnosis

The glycoproteome has emerged as a prominent target for screening biomarkers, as altered glycosylation is a hallmark of cancer cells. In this work, we incorporated tandem mass tag labeling into quantitative glycoproteomics by developing a chemical labeling-assisted complementary dissociation method for the multiplexed analysis of intact N-glycopeptides. Benefiting from the complementary nature of two different mass spectrometry dissociation methods for identification and multiplex labeling for quantification of intact N-glycopeptides, we conducted the most comprehensive site-specific and subclass-specific N-glycosylation profiling of human serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) to date. By analysing the serum of 90 human patients with varying severities of liver diseases, as well as healthy controls, we identified that the combination of IgG1-H3N5F1 and IgG4-H4N3 can be used for distinguishing between different stages of liver diseases. Finally, we used targeted parallel reaction monitoring to successfully validate the expression changes of glycosylation in liver diseases in a different sample cohort that included 45 serum samples.
Restraining the escape of lattice oxygen enables superior cyclic performance towards high-voltage Ni-rich cathodes

Layered Ni-rich cathodes, operating at high voltage with superior cyclic performance, are required to develop future high-energy Li-ion batteries. However, the worst lattice oxygen escape at the high-voltage region easily causes structural instability, rapid capacity fading and safety issues upon cycling. Here, we report a dual-track strategy to fully restrain the escape of lattice oxygen from Ni-rich cathodes within 2.7-4.5 V by one-step Ta doping and CeO_2 coating according to their different diffusion energy barriers. The doped Ta can alleviate the charge compensation of oxygen anions as a positive charge centre to reduce the lattice oxygen escape and induce the formation of elongated primary particles, significantly inhibiting microcrack generation and propagation. Additionally, the layer of CeO_2 coating effectively captures the remaining escaped oxygen and then the captured oxygen feeds back into the lattice during subsequent discharge. The resultant Ni-rich cathode enables a capacity of 231.3 mAh g~(-1) with a high initial coulombic efficiency of 93.5%. A pouch-type full cell comprising this cathode and a graphite anode exhibits >1000 times life cycles at 1C in the 2.7-4.5 V range, with 90.9% capacity retention.
Constrained future brightening of solar radiation and its implication for China's solar power

As Earth's primary energy source, surface downward solar radiation (Rs) determines the solar power potential and usage for climate change mitigation. Future projections of Rs based on climate models have large uncertainties that interfere with the efficient deployment of solar energy to achieve China's carbon-neutrality goal. Here we assess 24 models in the latest Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 with historical observations in China and find systematic biases in simulating historical Rs values likely due to model biases in cloud cover and clear-sky radiation, resulting in largely uncertain projections for future changes in Rs. Based on emergent constraints, we obtain credible Rs with narrowed uncertainties by~56% in the mid-twenty-first century and show that the mean Rs change during 2050-2069 relative to 1995-2014 is 30% more brightening than the raw projections. Particularly in North China and Southeast China with higher power demand, the constrained projections present more significant brightening, highlighting the importance of considering the spatial changes in future Rs when locating new solar energy infrastructures.
Increasing lake water storage on the Inner Tibetan Plateau under climate change

Lakes store 20% of surface freshwater resources and are an important link for studying the interactions between the various spheres of the Earth system[1]. There are approximately 1400 lakes larger than 1 km~2 on the Tibetan Plateau(TP), with a total area of approximately 50,000 km~2, accounting for half of the number and area of lakes in China[2-4]. Most of these lakes are located on the Inner TP(Text S1.1 online), less affected by human activities and respond rapidly to climate and cryosphere changes[5]. With climate warming and wetting, the lakes on the Inner TP have experienced a dramatic expansion[2-6]; drainage reorganization events can occur, which in turn, pose a flood risk to surrounding villages and roads or break existing watersheds, converging into exorheic basins and threatening the ecological environment[7]. Therefore, an effective and accurate estimation of lake water storage(LWS)changes on the Inner TP under climate change is urgently needed.
Legumes from the Paleocene sediments of India and their ecological significance

During the early Paleogene, greenhouse gases created warm global climates. These warm climates redistributed the habitat of marine and terrestrial biota globally. Understanding the ecology of biotas under extremely warm climates is important to decipher their behavior in future climate warming. Here we report two new legume fossils(Leguminocarpum meghalayensis Bhatia, Srivastava et Mehrotra sp. nov., and Parvileguminophyllum damalgiriensis Bhatia, Srivastava et Mehrotra sp. nov.)from the late Paleocene sediments of Tura Formation of Meghalaya, northeast India. Globally, the Paleocene legume fossil records indicate that legumes most likely immigrated to India from Africa via the Ladakh-Kohistan Arc during the early Paleogene. Moreover, previously reconstructed climate data from the Tura Formation indicate that legumes were well adapted to a warm seasonal climate with monsoon rains.
Development and performance evaluation of a high temperature resistant, internal rigid, and external flexible plugging agent for waterbased drilling fluids

During the drilling process for oil and gas production, a larger number of drilling fluids invade the formation, causing severe formation damage and wellbore collapsing, which seriously hinders the efficient production of deep oil and gas. Although several plugging agents have been developed for efficient fracture sealing in recent years, the development of high-performance plugging agents with selfadaptive ability and high-temperature resistance remain a challenge. Herein, we report the synthesis of an internal rigid and external flexible plugging agent PANS by reversed-phase emulsion polymerization with nano-silica as the rigid core and poly(acrylamide-co-N-vinylpyrrolidone)as a flexible shell. The plugging agent has a median particle size of 10.5 mm and can self-adapt to seal the microfractures and fractures in the formation, leading to an effective reduction in the filtration loss of bentonite waterbased drilling fluid under both low temperature and low pressure(LTLP)and high temperature and high pressure(HTHP)conditions. In addition, compared with the neat nano-silica(500 nm), the sealing efficiency of PANS toward 100e120 mesh sand bed was increased by 71.4% after hot rolling at 180°C.
脑膜瘤分子标志物的研究进展

脑膜瘤是中枢神经系统常见的原发性肿瘤,良性者多见,但存在复发的可能。既往脑膜瘤仅依据组织病理学表现分级,针对脑膜瘤分子标志物的研究有助于进一步揭示脑膜瘤的形成机制,并指导精准治疗。本文着眼于具有临床意义的脑膜瘤分子标志物进行综述。
Wnt信号通路在骨关节炎致病机制及治疗靶点的研究进展

骨关节炎(osteoarthritis,OA)是一种在中老年群体中发病率较高的慢性退行性关节疾病,以慢性疼痛为主要表现,缓解OA疼痛也是临床治疗的关键,然而目前治疗效果普遍欠佳。近年来,关于OA的致病机制及治疗靶点的研究逐渐丰富,越来越多的研究发现OA的发病、疼痛与Wnt信号通路密切相关,Wnt不同配体可通过规范信号通路或非规范信号通路两种途径,最终影响软骨、软骨下骨、滑膜等,在骨关节炎发病中发挥网络调节作用。本文就近年来Wnt信号通路参与OA发生发展以及与该通路相关的治疗靶点研究现状进行综述,以期为缓解OA疼痛提供新的治疗思路。
扶正消岩汤抑制三阴性乳腺癌细胞增殖的机制研究

目的研究扶正消岩汤对三阴性乳腺癌细胞增殖的影响并从药物影响线粒体功能及线粒体动力学平衡的角度探讨药物的作用机制。方法依据扶正消岩汤对三阴性乳腺癌细胞的IC_(50)浓度确定药物的干预浓度及作用时间,设立对照组即扶正消岩汤高、中、低剂量给药组; 24h后,TUNEL染色检测凋亡细胞比率; Annexin V - PI双染流式细胞仪定量检测扶正消岩汤对细胞凋亡的影响; JC - 1染色流式细胞仪检测中药对细胞线粒体去极化水平的影响;实时定量PCR方法检测中药对凋亡相关因子mRNA表达水平及mir - 34a表达水平的影响; Western Blot检测扶正消岩汤对细胞线粒体动力学平衡相关蛋白表达的影响。结果扶正消岩汤具有诱导MDA - MB - 231细胞发生凋亡及提高凋亡基因BAX、Caspase3 mRNA表达水平的作用,且与给药浓度相关;随着扶正消岩汤药物浓度的提高,TNBC细胞内线粒体活性降低且中剂量组及高剂量组细胞线粒体去极化水平较对照组显著提高;同时中剂量组及高剂量组细胞中mir - 34a的表达水平及线粒体动力学平衡关键因子mTOR、Drp - 1的蛋白表达水平也较对照组显著降低。结论扶正消岩汤可能通过mir - 34a / mTOR/Drp - 1通路调节MDA - MB - 231细胞的线粒体活性,进而影响三阴性乳腺癌细胞的增殖。
阿是穴尚存在的误区及临床应用

阿是穴在临床中的运用可谓是源远流长,但是目前仍有关于"阿是穴"的概念尚存在的误区,多认为"阿是穴"是在"以痛为腧"指导下的压痛点,在主治方面,多通过"阿是穴"来治疗局部疼痛,但对阿是穴更深层次的意义有待进一步探究,笔者通过梳理"阿是穴"提出的时代背景解释阿是穴具体含义,同时对"阿是穴"在临床中的诸多应用提出笔者浅薄的认识。
鼻整形相关功能问题探讨

功能性鼻整形主要通过改变解剖结构进而改善鼻腔通气功能,实现外形和功能的统一,其中既包括异常结构的矫正,也包括正常结构的保护。本文结合近年发表的文献和临床实践,对鼻部结构与功能的关系、鼻部结构与外形的关系、鼻整形术对鼻腔通气功能的影响,以及保留性鼻整形等方面进行阐述,以期提高读者对鼻整形相关功能、尤其是鼻阻塞问题的理解和认识。
病例250:64岁男性,间断头晕20年余,加重20 d

随着靶向药物的广泛应用,肿瘤患者生存时间得以延长,然而,伴随的不良反应也越来越常见,肿瘤患者的降压治疗也更复杂,需要逐步摸索,谨慎用药,持续监测,尽可能在不影响抗肿瘤治疗的同时控制好血压。