mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
紧张症的研究进展及争议

一、紧张症的概念及争论2013年美国精神医学学会发表了DSM-5,紧张症再次出现在广大临床研究及实践者的视线中.虽然DSM-Ⅳ的临床应用中很少有患者被诊断为紧张症,临床医生对其重视不够,但是关于紧张症的研究已逾百年,并产生了诸多的研究成果.
Fast Degradation of Green Pollutants Through Nanonets and Nanofibers of the Al-Doped Zinc Oxide

In this study, series of nanolayered structures of Zn–Al LDHs were prepared by urea hydrolysis. Nanofibers and nanonets of the Al-doped ZnO were formed via the decomposition of the nanolayers under high pressure and temperature. Nanospheres were also prepared for comparison. The different morphologies of the prepared nanomaterials were confirmed by several techniques. An improvement for the optical properties of the doped zinc oxides was observed through narrowing of their band gap energies because of transforming the nanolayers to nanonets and nanofibers. The photocatalytic activities of the prepared nanomaterials were studied through photocatalytic degradation of the pollutants of acid green dyes. Complete decolorization and mineralization of green dyes happened in the presence of the nanolayers and nanospheres within 4–6 h, while the nanonets and the nanofibers achieved the complete decolorization and degradation of the dyes at shorter time 1.3 h. These results could be explained though the kinetic study of the photocatalytic degradation of dyes. It was concluded that the nanonets and the nanofibers were very effective for the photocatalytic degradation of pollutants.
住院患者静脉血栓栓塞症风险评估

静脉血栓栓塞症(venous thromboembolism,VTE)包括肺栓塞和深静脉血栓形成,在住院患者中有较高的发生率和病死率。近10%~30%的住院患者可能会发生VTE;急性重症患者中,存在明确VTE的占5%~15%。一项尸检资料显示,10%的住院患者死亡原因是肺栓塞,这其中有2/3为内科而非手术患者。因此对于住院患者,早期识别VTE危险因素和积极预防显得极为关键。
颈动脉重度狭窄致眼缺血综合征一例

本例患者颈内动脉狭窄以眼科症状首发,提示眼科医生对OIS的临床表现和危害应足够重视.此外OIS的根本原因是颈动脉阻塞或狭窄,对其诊断、治疗需要眼科与神经内外科、心内科的不同学科专业协作,重视多学科诊疗思维.
Supercapacitors

Due to outstanding storage capacity, ultra-high power density, super long cycle life time, moderate energy density and high safety, supercapacitors have enthusiastically become a new type of energy storage device and energy storage technology after lithium ion battery. In the recent decade, scientists and engineers around the world have extensively and thoroughly studied physics, chemistry, materials, chemical engineering, electronics, transportation engineering, energy science and technology, aeronautical and astronautics science and technology, which promoted the rapid application of supercapacitors in electric automobile, engineering machinery, industrial energy saving, wind power and many other fields. This monograph focuses on three reviews and fifteen original research papers, highlighting main research progress in micro-supercapacitors (MSCs), graphene-based supercapacitors, flexible supercapacitors, hybrid supercapacitors, covering the new energy storage principle, novel electrode materials, neoteric electrolyte, and late-model device technology.
High-performance organic electrolyte supercapacitors based on intrinsically powdery carbon aerogels

A novel class of powdery carbon aerogels (PCAs) has been developed by the union of microemulsion polymerization and hypercrosslinking, followed by carbonization. The resulting aerogels are in a microscale powdery form, demonstrate a well-defined 3D interconnected nanonetwork with hierarchical pores derived from numerous interstitial nanopores and intraparticle micropores, and exhibit high surface area (up to 1969m~2/g). Benefiting from these structural features, PCAs show impressive capacitive performances when utilized as electrodes for organic electrolyte supercapacitors, including large capacitances of up to 152 F/g, high energy densities of 37-15 Wh/kg at power densities of 34–6750 W/kg, and robust cycling stability.
Rapid development in two-dimensional layered perovskite materials and their application in solar cells

Two-dimensional (2D) layered organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite (2D PVK) materials have been recently developed as a novel candidate for photovoltaic application with high stability and a maximum power conversion efficiency of 12.5%. This article summarized these newly emerging 2D PVK materials and their uses in solar cells. The structural, physical, and chemical properties as well as the classification of 2D PVK materials are discussed. The photovoltaic performance parameters of various 2D perovskite solar cells (2D PSCs) are summarized and their device stability is compared with conventional 3D perovskite solar cells (3D PSCs). It has been concluded that 2D PVKs show greater stability upon humidity, heat stress, and light intensity as compared to 3D analogues and act as a class of promising materials for application in solar cells.
Boron and nitrogen dual-doped carbon as a novel cathode for high performance hybrid ion capacitors

Hybrid ion capacitors have been considered as a very attractive energy source with high energy density and power density since it combines both merits of lithium ion batteries and supercapacitors. However, their commercial application has been limited by the mismatch of charge-storage capacity and electrode kinetics between the capacitor-type cathode and battery-type anode. Herein, B and N dual-doped 3D superstructure carbon cathode is prepared through a facile template method. It delivers a high specific capacity, excellent rate capability and good cycling stability due to the B, N dual-doping, which has a profound effect in control the porosity, functional groups, and electronic conductivity for the carbon cathode. The hybrid ion capacitors using B, N dual-doping carbon cathode and prelithiated graphite anode show a high energy density of 115.5 Wh/kg at 250 W/kg and remain about 53.6 Wh/kg even at a high power density of 10 kW/kg. Additionally, the novel hybrid device achieves 76.3% capacity retention after 2000 cycles tested at 1250 W/kg power density. Significantly, the simultaneous manipulation of heteroatoms in carbon materials provides new opportunities to boost the energy and power density for hybrid ion capacitors.
Natural nanomaterial as hard template for scalable synthesizing holey carbon naonsheet/nanotube with in-plane and out-of-plane pores for electrochemical energy storage

Tuning porous structure of carbon nanomaterials has been found to be important for their performance enhancement in electrochemical energy storage applications. In this work we employed a natural nanomaterial kaolinite, which is abundant and cheap, as hard template to synthesis porous carbon nanomaterial. By tuning the structure of hard template kaolinite, we have achieved a template directed formation of holey carbon nanosheet/nanotube materials. This carbon nanomaterials with hierarchical in-plane and out-of-plane pores have shown electrochemical energy storage capacity of 286 F/g (equal to 314 F/cm~3) at 0.1 A/g and 85 F/g (equal to 93 F/cm~3) at 100 A/g, which is comparable to variety of reported carbon based electrochemical energy storage electrode materials.
Flexible supercapacitors based on carbon nanotubes

Since carbon nanotubes (CNTs) possess unique one dimensional (1D) structure, considerable attention has been paid to constructing CNTs into macroscopic materials with different dimensions, including 1D fibers, 2Dfilms,and3Dfoams.SuchmacroscopicCNTmaterials exhibithighconductivity, large surface area, aswell as goodmechanical properties,andthus canbedirectly usedas theflexible supercapacitor (SC) electrodes or the scaffolds for supporting pseudo-capacitive electrode materials. Based on these macroscopic CNT electrodes, diverse SCs with different structures, including flexible, stretchable and/or compressible fiber and thin film SCs, have been designed. This review provides an overview of recent progress towards the development of flexible SCs based on macroscopic CNTs-based electrodes, with a focus on electrode preparation and configuration design as well as their integration with other multifunctional devices. Future development and prospects in the CNTs-based flexible SCs are also discussed.
Laser processed micro-supercapacitors based on carbon nanotubes/manganese dioxide nanosheets composite with excellent electrochemical performance and aesthetic property

Micro-supercapacitors with excellent electrochemical performance and aesthetic property are realized using the carbon nanotubes/manganese dioxide nanosheets (CNTs/d-MnO_2) composite as electrodes. This CNTs/d-MnO_2 nanocomposite is excellently compatible with the slurry dispensing process for electrode fabrication, and thus is conducive for preparing thick electrode films, which exhibits a specific capacitance of 257 F/g with an electrode thickness of 13mm. By involving laser-scribing technique, the electrode film can be patterned with a high resolution and fabricated into a planar micro-supercapacitor, showing the maximum energy density of 6.83mWh/cm~3 at the power density of 154.3mW/cm~3, and maintained a value of 2.71mWh/cm~3 at the maximum power density of 2557.5mW/cm~3. Considering the versatility of the laser-scribing technical platform, the micro-supercapacitors fabricated in this way exhibit excellent aesthetic property and can cater to various miniaturized wearable electronic applications. This technology opens up opportunities for facile and scalable fabrication of high performance energy devices with shape diversity and a meaning of art.
Recent progress and perspectives of metal oxides based on-chip microsupercapacitors

The rapid development of portable electronic devices has accelerated the advancement of energy storage devices. On-chip microsupercapacitors (MSCs), as a group of high performance energy storage devices, have remarkable features of miniaturization, high security, and easy integration to build an all-in-one integrated system to meet the request of micro-portable electronic equipments. With the characteristics of high capacities, environmentally friendly and low cost, metal oxides are thought to be ideal candidates for on-chip MSCs. This paper summarizes the recent progress of metal oxides based on-chip MSCs. It starts with the introduction of several common methods for the synthesis of metal oxides nanostructures. The recent developments on the fabrication and electrochemical performance of metal oxides based on-chip MSCs are then highlighted in detail. Finally, the existing challenges and future perspectives of the on-chip MSCs are discussed.
All-solid-state pseudocapacitive micro-supercapacitors from laser-treated polymer derivatives

We report a simple method for fabricating all-solid-state micro-supercapacitors, utilizing laser writing technology. Porous graphene films with three-dimensional networks induced by laser from commercial polymer was acted as scaffold for loading MnO_2, a typical pseudocapacitive materials. Using gel electrolyte, all-solid-state pseudocapacitive micro-supercapacitors were fabricated. Compare to traditional printing and lithography techniques produced micro-supercapacitors, the as-fabricated devices demonstrate high volumetric capacitances, good stability and low leakage current, indicating a scalable and facile approach for future energy storage devices in portable microelectronics.
Future of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 applications: Combinations with other therapeutic regimens

Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death 1 ligand (PD-L1) blockade has shown promising effects in cancer immunotherapy. Removing the so-called “brakes” on T cell immune responses by blocking the PD-1/PDL1 check point should boost anti-tumor immunity and provide durable tumor regression for cancer patients. However, 30%–60% of patients show no response to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. Thus, it is urgent to explore the underlying resistance mechanisms to improve sensitivity to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy. We propose that the mechanisms promoting resistance mainly include T cell exclusion or exhaustion at the tumor site, immunosuppressive factors in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and a range of tumor-intrinsic factors. This review highlights the power of studying the cellular and molecular mechanisms of resistance to improve the rational design of combination therapeutic strategies that can be translated to the clinic. Here, we briefly discuss the development of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade agents and focus on the current issues and future prospects for potential combinatorial therapeutic strategies that include anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy, based upon the available preclinical and clinical data.
对“基于宏细观损伤耦合的非贯通裂隙岩体本构模型”讨论的答复

在《基于宏细观损伤耦合的非贯通裂隙岩体本构模型》一文中(以下简称原文),我们主要有两个意图:①目前所建立的损伤模型较少有同时考虑裂隙岩体宏细观损伤两种不同维度的损伤变量因子;②裂隙岩体宏观损伤变量在刻画上应尽可能将宏观裂隙几何力学特性同时考虑.鉴于上述想法,基于Lemaitre应变等效假设,推导了考虑宏细观缺陷耦合的复合损伤变量,并给出同时考虑试件尺寸、裂隙几何与力学特性的宏观损伤变量的计算公式,从而建立了基于宏细观缺陷耦合的非贯通裂隙岩体在荷载作用下的损伤本构模型.郭豪老师对原文很感兴趣,很高兴在此做一些讨论.
Fat-to-muscle Ratio: A New Anthropometric Indicator for Predicting Metabolic Syndrome in the Han and Bouyei Populations from Guizhou Province, China

Objective To investigate the prevalence and possible factors influencing metabolic syndrome in people from Guizhou Province and to explore the predictive value of the fat-to-muscle ratio in diagnosing metabolic syndrome. Methods A multistage stratified sampling method was used in this cross-sectional study of 20-80 years old Han and Bouyei populations from Guizhou Province, southwestern China, from October-December 2012. The study included 4,553 cases of metabolic syndrome, that was defined according to 2005 International Diabetes Federation criteria. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used for determining the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive ability of the fat-to-muscle ratio for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome. Results The age-standardized prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 11.38% (men: 9.76%; women: 12.72%) for Han and 4.78% (men: 4.43%; women: 5.30%) for Bouyei populations. In Guizhou Province, the cut-off value for the men fat-to-muscle ratio was 0.34, the area under the curve was 0.95, and the sensitivity and specificity were 0.94 and 0.85, respectively. The cut-off value for the women fat-to-muscle ratio was 0.55, the area under the curve was 0.91, and the sensitivity and specificity were 0.93 and 0.79, respectively. Conclusion The fat-to-muscle ratio is highly predictive of metabolic syndrome in Guizhou Province, and a useful reference indicator.
Two-dimensional analysis of progressive delamination in thin film electrodes

By employing the two-dimensional analysis, i.e., plane strain and plane stress, a semi-analytical method is developed to investigate the interfacial delamination in electrodes. The key parameters are obtained from the governing equations, and their effects on the evolution of the delamination are evaluated. The impact of constraint perpendicular to the plane is also investigated by comparing the plane strain and plane stress. It is found that the delamination in the plane strain condition occurs easier, indicating that the constraint is harmful to maintain the structure stability. According to the obtained governing equations, a formula of the dimensionless critical size for delamination is provided, which is a function of the maximum volumetric strain and the Poisson's ratio of the active layer.
Crystallization, Mechanical and Flame-retardant Properties of Poly(lactic acid) Composites with DOPO and DOPO-POSS

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composites with 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) and DOPO-containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (DOPO-POSS) were prepared via melting extrusion and injection molding. The crystallization, mechanical, and flame-retardant properties of PLA/DOPO and PLA/DOPO-POSS were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD),tensile testing, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA),limiting oxygen index (LOI), and cone calorimeter test. The DSC results showed that the DOPO added could act as a plasticizer as reflected by lower glass transition temperature and inhibited crystallization of part of the PLA; the DOPO-POSS acted like a filler in the PLA matrix and slightly improved the crystallinity of the PLA matrix. The XRD and DSC analyses indicated that the PLA composites by cold molding injection were amorphous,and the PLA composites following a heat treatment in an oven at 120℃ for 30 min achieved crystallinity. All the PLA and its composites after heat treatment had improved mechanical properties. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) tests showed that the PLA, DOPO and DOPO-POSS decomposed separately in the PLA/DOPO and PLA/DOPO-POSS, respectively. The cone calorimeter tests offered clear evidence that addition of the DOPO-POSS resulted in an evident reduction of 25% for the peak of heat release rate (p-HRR). It was also confirmed that the crystalline flame-retardant PLA composites after heat treatment had better flame retardant properties than the amorphous PLA composites prepared by the cold molding.
Comparisons of Three-Dimensional Variational Data Assimilation and Model Output Statistics in Improving Atmospheric Chemistry Forecasts

Atmospheric chemistry models usually perform badly in forecasting wintertime air pollution because of their uncertainties. Generally, such uncertainties can be decreased effectively by techniques such as data assimilation (DA) and model output statistics (MOS). However, the relative importance and combined effects of the two techniques have not been clarified. Here, a one-month air quality forecast with the Weather Research and Forecasting-Chemistry (WRF-Chem) model was carried out in a virtually operational setup focusing on Hebei Province, China. Meanwhile, three-dimensional variational (3DVar) DA and MOS based on one-dimensional Kalman filtering were implemented separately and simultaneously to investigate their performance in improving the model forecast. Comparison with observations shows that the chemistry forecast with MOS outperforms that with 3DVar DA, which could be seen in all the species tested over the whole 72 forecast hours. Combined use of both techniques does not guarantee a better forecast than MOS only, with the improvements and degradations being small and appearing rather randomly. Results indicate that the implementation of MOS is more suitable than 3DVar DA in improving the operational forecasting ability of WRF-Chem.
餐后高甘油三酯血症诊断和治疗的意义

《中国心血管病报告2016》指出,根据长期的居民营养健康状况和慢性病监测结果,我国高甘油三酯血症(hypertriglyceridemia,HTG)患病率高于高胆固醇血症,男性HTG患病率约为高胆固醇血症的4倍,女性约为2.5倍。临床中经他汀治疗后仍有大量患者甘油三酯(triglycerides, TG)不达标。一般对HTG的临床检验为空腹状态的血浆TG水平。然而即使生理状态下,TG水平也处于快速升高后缓慢下降的波动状态,在进食后的10~30 min内,由小肠细胞的储存池释放就导致血浆TG水平的一个脉冲峰,餐后3 h左右吸收达到高峰,6~8 h恢复至餐前水平。餐后的TG峰值和下降速度不同对器官影响不同。因此只关注空腹TG水平会忽略餐后TG升高的这段时间对心血管的作用。
Determination of the coefficient of rolling friction of an irregularly shaped maize particle group using physical experiment and simulations

The coefficient of rolling friction is an important physical property of a maize particle. It is difficult to obtain the value of this coefficient because of the irregular shape of maize particles. This paper describes an approach that combines the discrete-element method (DEM) and a physical test to determine the coefficient of rolling friction of irregularly shaped maize particles. A novel test platform was used to obtain the maize particle's coefficient of restitution and the coefficient of static friction. EDEM software (DEM-Solutions, United Kingdom) was used to simulate the accumulation of maize particles on particles and on a zincified plate. The golden-section method was used to determine the range of the maize particle's coefficient of rolling friction. A single-factor test was used to determine the relationship between the maize particle's coefficient of rolling friction and their angle of repose. The results obtained from the EDEM simulation were compared with physical test results to determine the intergranular coefficient of rolling friction and the coefficient of rolling friction between maize particles and the zincified plate. Our study demonstrates that the angle of repose increases linearly with the coefficient of rolling friction of maize particles. The effect of the coefficient of rolling friction on the particle movement is studied. The physical verification test indicates that the obtained rolling friction of the maize particles is accurate. The findings of this paper provide a theoretical basis for maize-processing machine design and a discrete-element study of the motion of maize particles inside such machines.
Numerical study of coarse coal particle breakage in pneumatic conveying

Pneumatic conveying of coarse coal particles with various pipeline configurations and swirling intensities was investigated using a coupled computational fluid dynamics and discrete element method. A particle cluster agglomerated by the parallel-bond method was modeled to analyze the breakage of coarse coal particles. The numerical parameters, simulation conditions, and simulation results were experimentally validated. On analyzing total energy variation in the agglomerate during the breakage process, the results showed that downward fluctuation of the total particle energy was correlated with particle and wall collisions, and particle breakage showed a positive correlation with the energy difference. The correlation between the total energy variation of a particle cluster and particle breakage was also analyzed. Particle integrity presented a fluctuating upward trend with pipe bend radius and increased with swirling number for most bend radii. The degree of particle breakage differed with pipeline bending direction and swirling intensity: in a horizontal bend, the bend radius and swirling intensity dominated the total energy variations; these effects were not observed in a vertical bend. The total energy of the particle cluster exiting a bend was generally positively correlated with the bend radius for all conditions and was independent of bending direction.
胆总管囊肿术后胆肠吻合口巨大结石一例

讨论胆总管囊肿是一种原发性胆管扩张,多在未成年期发病,约20%在成年后发病,确切病因目前尚不完全清楚.胆管结石是胆总管囊肿最常见的并发症,胆管癌变是其最严重的并发症,诊断的最佳方法是MRCP,一旦明确诊断均应尽早手术.手术方式为切除病变胆管,胆管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合,术后易发生吻合口狭窄、胆管结石等并发症,吻合口巨大结石国内外偶有报道.胆肠吻合口狭窄、返流可能是发生结石的诱因,预防关键在于尽可能切净病变胆管,合理重建胆肠吻合口,避免吻合口狭窄和肠内容物返流.本病例胆肠吻合口形成如此巨大的结石极为罕见,其形成原因可能是胆肠吻合术后吻合口狭窄致胆汁淤积而形成结石.患者无明显主观症状而延误了复诊,结石逐渐增大进而形成了结肠内瘘,直至出现急性胆管炎的表现才来院就诊.胆总管囊肿二次手术需要遵循的原则仍是重建胆道.本例术中发现胆管-结肠瘘口较大,且瘘口周围结肠壁水肿较重,局部切除后易导致肠腔狭窄、肠梗阻或肠瘘,故行右半结肠切除术.熊去氧胆酸可以促进胆肠循环,增加胆汁中胆汁酸的浓度,使胆红素溶解并与钙离子结合,减少不溶性胆红素钙形成.我院近年来胆肠吻合术后常规口服熊去氧胆酸3个月至半年,随访病例均未出现结石复发.
胸锁乳突肌形态畸形1例

胸锁乳突肌斜位于颈部两侧,对维持头部运动及颌面颈部肌链平衡非常重要的骨骼肌,起自胸骨柄前面(胸骨端)和锁骨内侧端锁骨内侧1/3段上缘(锁骨端).作者在局部解剖学本科教学中,发现一例向左侧斜颈及其右侧胸锁乳突肌非对称性形态异常(图1).中年男尸,约50岁,身长172 cm,外形无畸形,死因不明.按照尸体解剖方法,切除皮肤和颈浅筋膜后,发现右侧被覆于颈深筋膜浅层内的胸锁乳突肌起点"较宽阔".解剖学研究表明,除了损伤和发育异常而导致的"斜颈"外,胸锁乳突肌变异报道并不多.因此,为积累解剖学资料,报道如下.
Asymmetric Transfer and Pressure Hydrogenation with Earth-Abundant Transition Metal Catalysts

The asymmetric transfer and pressure hydrogenation of various unsaturated substrates provides a succinct pathway to important chiral intermediates and products such as chiral alcohols, amines, and alkanes. The use of earth-abundant transition metals such as Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu in hydrogenation reactions provides an attractive alternative to traditionally used metals such as Ru, Rh, lr, and Pd because they are comparatively inexpensive, less toxic, and as their name suggests, more abundant in nature. Earth-abundant transition metal-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation is rapidly becoming an important area of research. This review summarizes advances in the asymmetric hydrogenation of unsaturated bonds (ketones, imines, and alkenes) with earth-abundant transition metals.