mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Macroseismic intensity attenuation in Iran

Macroseismic intensity data plays an important role in the process of seismic hazard analysis as well in developing of reliable earthquake loss models. This paper presents a physical-based model to predict macroseismic intensity attenuation based on 560 intensity data obtained in Iran in the time period 1975-2013. The geometric spreading and energy absorption of seismic waves have been considered in the proposed model. The proposed easy to implement relation describes the intensity simply as a function of moment magnitude, source to site distance and focal depth. The prediction capability of the proposed model is assessed by means of residuals analysis. Prediction results have been compared with those of other intensity prediction models for Italy, Turkey, Iran and central Asia. The results indicate the higher attenuation rate for the study area in distances less than 70km.
Experimental study on the shear behavior of the interface between cushion materials and the concrete raft

Cushion is a layer of granular materials between the raft and the ground. The shear behavior of the interface between the cushion and the raft may influence the seismic performance of the superstructure. In order to quantify such influences, horizontal shear tests on the interfaces between different cushion materials and concrete raft under monotonic and cyclic loading were carried out. The vertical pressure P_v, material type and cushion thickness h_c were taken as variables. Conclusions include: 1) under monotonic loading, P_v is the most significant factor; the shear resistance P_(hmax) increases as P_v increases, but the normalized factor of resistance μ_n has an opposite tendency; 2) for the materials used in this study, μ_n varies from 0.40 to 0.70, the interface friction angle δ_s varies from 20° to 35°, while u_(max) varies from 3 mm to 15 mm; 3) under cyclic loading, the interface behavior can be abstracted as a “three-segment” back-bone curve, the main parameters include μ_n, the displacement u_1 and stiffness K_1 of the elastic stage, the displacement u_2 and stiffness K_2 of the plastic stage; 4) by observation and statistical analysis, the significance of different factors, together with values of K_1, K_2 and μ_n have been obtained.
IR-780-loaded polymeric micelles enhance the efficacy of photothermal therapy in treating breast cancer lymphatic metastasis in mice

Cancer metastasis is responsible for over 90% of breast cancer-related deaths,and inhibiting lymph node metastasis is an option to treat metastatic disease. Herein, we report the use of IR-780-loaded polymeric micelles (IPMs) for effective photothermal therapy (PTT) of breast cancer lymphatic metastasis. The IPMs were nanometer-sized micelles with a mean diameter of 25.6 nm and had good stability in simulated physiological solutions. Under 808-nm laser irradiation, IPMs exhibited high heat-generating capability in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. After intravenous injection, IPMs specifically accumulated in the tumor and metastatic lymph nodes and penetrated into these tissues. Moreover, a single IPMs treatment plus laser irradiation significantly inhibited primary tumor growth and suppressed lymphatic metastasis by 88.2%. Therefore, IPMs are an encouraging platform for PIT applications in treatment of metastatic breast cancer.
Automatic emissive probe apparatus for accurate plasma and vacuum space potential measurements

We have developed an automatic emissive probe apparatus based on the improved inflection point method of the emissive probe for accurate measurements of both plasma potential and vacuum space potential. The apparatus consists of a computer controlled data acquisition card, a working circuit composed by a biasing unit and a heating unit, as well as an emissive probe. With the set parameters of the probe scanning bias, the probe heating current and the fitting range, the apparatus can automatically execute the improved inflection point method and give the measured result. The validity of the automatic emissive probe apparatus is demonstrated in a test measurement of vacuum potential distribution between two parallel plates, showing an excellent accuracy of 0.1 V. Plasma potential was also measured, exhibiting high efficiency and convenient use of the apparatus for space potential measurements.
Deposition of SiC_xH_yO_z thin film on epoxy resin by nanosecond pulsed APPJ for improving the surface insulating performance

Non-thermal plasma surface modification for epoxy resin (EP) to improve the insulation properties has wide application prospects in gas insulated switchgear and gas insulated transmission line. In this paper, a pulsed Ar dual dielectrics atmospheric-pressure plasma jet (APPJ) was used for SiC_xH_yO_z thin film deposition on EP samples. The film deposition was optimized by varying the treatment time while other parameters were kept at constants (treatment distance: 10 mm, precursor flow rate: 0.6 l min~(-1), maximum instantaneous power: 3.08 kW and single pulse energy: 0.18 mJ). It was found that the maximum value of flashover voltages for negative and positive voltage were improved by 18% and 13% when the deposition time was 3 min, respectively. The flashover voltage reduced as treatment time increased. Moreover, all the surface conductivity, surface charge dissipation rate and surface trap level distribution reached an optimal value when thin film deposition time was 3 min. Other measurements, such as atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscope for EP surface morphology, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for EP surface compositions, optical emission spectra for APPJ deposition process were carried out to better understand the deposition processes and mechanisms. The results indicated that the original organic groups (C-H, C-C, C=O, C=C) were gradually replaced by the Si containing inorganic groups (Si-O-Si and Si-OH). The reduction of C=O in ester group and C=C in p-substituted benzene of the EP samples might be responsible for shallowing the trap level and then enhancing the flashover voltage. However, when the plasma treatment time was longer than 3 min, the significant increase of the surface roughness might increase the trap level depth and then deteriorate the flashover performance.
Influence of arc current and pressure on non-chemical equilibrium air arc behavior

The influence of arc current and pressure on the non-chemical equilibrium (non-CE) air arc behavior of a nozzle structure was investigated based on the self-consistent non-chemical equilibrium model. The arc behavior during both the arc burning and arc decay phases were discussed at different currents and different pressures. We also devised the concept of a non-equilibrium parameter for a better understanding of non-CE effects. During the arc burning phase, the increasing current leads to a decrease of the non-equilibrium parameter of the particles in the arc core, while the increasing pressure leads to an increase of the non-equilibrium parameter of the particles in the arc core. During the arc decay phase, the non-CE effect will decrease by increasing the arc burning current and the nozzle pressure. Three factors together- convection, diffusion and chemical reactions-influence non-CE behavior.
脑血管造影术操作规范中国专家共识

脑血管造影术由葡萄牙医生Egas Moniz于1927年首次在人体成功实施。最初需要直接暴露颈动脉或经皮穿刺颈动脉、椎动脉注射造影剂,此后引入经皮动脉穿刺置鞘技术(Seldinger穿刺法)和数字减影血管造影(digital subtraction angiography, DSA),逐步发展为今天成熟的经皮动脉插管脑血管造影术(以下简称DSA)。这一方法最初用来探查颅内占位性病变。CT、MRI等无创影像检查手段出现后,DSA主要用于评估脑血管的异常。目前CT血管造影(CTA)、MRA基本能够获得完整的头颈部血管图像,但是,DSA可以动态观察脑血流和侧支循环,并可同期完成介入治疗,仍是其他检查手段无法替代的重要方法。为规范脑血管造影术的操作流程,中华医学会神经病学分会组织部分国内专家,根据国内外流程规范和相关文献的指导,制定脑血管造影术操作规范中国专家共识,以供临床参考。
茅洲河水环境治理工程排水管网设计探讨

以茅洲河水环境治理过程中排水管网设计为例,介绍了居民楼雨污水管到市政主干道管网设计思路,提出了一整套管网新建及改造方案,以实现雨污分流改造,提高污水收集率,并根据管材价格、施工方式以及管道性能对茅洲河水环境治理工程所用管材进行比选,为水环境治理工程管网设计提供借鉴。
Implications for Cultural Landscape in a Chinese Context: Geo-analysis of Spatial Distribution of Historic Sites

The protection of historic sites, especially their relationship with urban development, has become a worldwide issue, both in developed and developing countries. In the context of rapid urbanization in China, the realistic compatibility between urban construction and the protection of historic sites is always a key research topic. In this study, first, to comprehend their spatial distribution patterns, 828 historic sites throughout the country are selected based on certain criteria. Then, we conduct quantitative research using GIS software, adopting indicators that include Nearest Neighbor Index, Gini Coefficient, and Geographic Concentration Index to analyze the spatial characteristics of historic sites on the three levels of city, province and nation. The results indicate that the spatial distribution of the different types of historic sites is an agglomeration on the nationwide scale, most of which is located in the regions of the Pearl (Zhujiang) River Delta, Yangtze (Changjiang) River Delta and Beijing-Tianjin Region. Because the majority of historic sites are located within approximately 10 km of the downtown area, a certain pattern has emerged, showing that the larger cities own more historic areas, which are in a more incomplete state of preservation, indicating the fragmentation of heritage spaces. The formation mechanism of the historic sites' distribution pattern is based on the conditions of the cities/towns as well as the bid-rent theory.
Ecological Network Analysis Quantifying the Sustainability of Regional Economies: A Case Study of Guangdong Province in China

To meet the challenge of sustainable development, sustainability must be made. Ecological network analysis (ENA) was introduced in this paper as an approach to quantitatively measure the growth, development, and sustainability of an economic system. The Guangdong economic networks from 1987 to 2010 were analyzed by applying the ENA approach. Firstly, a currency flow network among economic sectors was constructed to represent the Guangdong economic system by adapting the input-output (I-O) table data. Then, the network indicators from the ENA framework involving the total system throughput (TST), average mutual information (AMI), ascendency (A), redundancy (R) and development capacity (C) were calculated. Lastly, the network indicators were analyzed to acquire the overall features of Guangdong's economic operations during 1987–2010. The results are as follows: the trends of the network indicators show that the size of the Guangdong economic network grows exponentially at a high rate during 1987–2010, whereas its efficiency does not present a clear trend over its whole period. The growth is the main characteristic of the Guangdong economy during 1987–2010, with no clear evidence regarding its development. The quantitative results of the network also confirmed that the growth contributed to a great majority of the Guangdong economy during1987–2010, whereas the development's contribution was tiny during the same period. The average value of the sustainability indicator (α) of the Guangdong economic network was 0.222 during 1987–2010, which is less than the theoretically optimal value of 0.37 for a sustainable human-influenced system. The results suggest that the Guangdong economic system needs a further autocatalysis to improve its efficiency to support the system maintaining a sustainable evolvement.
激活态雪旺细胞与非激活态雪旺细胞增殖相关基因DNA甲基化差异分析

外周神经损伤后雪旺细胞由非激活态雪旺细胞(SCs)转变为激活态雪旺细胞(ASCs)。细胞增殖发生变化,但基因层面机制仍不清楚。
利奈唑胺抗结核治疗专家共识

耐药结核病尤其是耐多药结核病(multi-drug resistant tuberculosis, MDR-TB)和广泛耐药结核病(extensively drug resistant tuberculosis, XDR-TB)的治疗问题仍然困扰着广大结核病防治工作者.利奈唑胺(linezolid)为唑烷酮类抗菌药物,是继磺胺类和喹诺酮类后上市的又一类全新合成抗菌药物,该药以其独特的作用机制、良好的抗菌活性而备受关注.近年的研究结果表明,利奈唑胺具有良好的抗结核分枝杆菌(mycobacterium tuberculosis,MTB)作用,对耐药菌株也显示了强大的抗菌活性,利奈唑胺治疗MDR-TB和XDR-TB也取得了较为满意的临床疗效.世界卫生组织在耐药结核病相关指南中将利奈唑胺列为抗结核药物,2016年世界卫生组织在“耐药结核病治疗指南”中将其归为MDR-TB的核心治疗药物.目前,在耐药结核病治疗药物十分匮乏的情况下,不得不采用利奈唑胺治疗难治性MDR-TB和XDR-TB.目前我国尚无利奈唑胺临床应用的规范或指南可供参考,临床医生在实际工作中有许多问题或困惑需要解决.为此,中华医学会结核病学分会组织全国相关领域专家对利奈唑胺抗结核治疗有关方面的问题进行研讨,制定了“利奈唑胺抗结核治疗专家共识”,供国内同道借鉴.
The 11th C2H2 zinc finger and an adjacent C-terminal arm are responsible for TZAP recognition of telomeric DNA

Dear Editor, Telomere length homeostasis,dictating cellular proliferative potential, is crucial for proper cellular function. In addition to the well-known telomere shortening during cell division and lengthening by activation of telomerase or an alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) mechanism, telomere length is also subject to regulated rapid deletion events referred to as telomere trimming [1]. This trimming process involves excision of telomeric structures called T-loops,which requires homologous recombination proteins XRCC3 and NBS1 [2, 3]. Recent studies showed that the balance between telomere trimming and lengthening determines telomere length in germline and stem cells, suggesting that telomere trimming should be under stringent control [4,5]. However, the regulation of telomere trimming remains largely unknown.
PRRT2-dependent dyskinesia: cerebellar,paroxysmal and persistent

In an elegant publication in Cell Research, Tan and colleagues showed that ablation of PRRT2 in cerebellar granule cells is sufficient to induce paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia. PRRT2 turns out to downregulate the presynaptic SNARE complex in granule cell axons,which in turn controls the activity patterns of Purkinje cells,the sole output of the cerebellar cortex.
Group tracking algorithm for split maneuvering based on complex domain topological descriptions

A group tracking algorithm for split maneuvering based on complex domain topological descriptions is proposed for the tracking of members in a maneuvering group. According to the split characteristics of a group target, split models of group targets are established based on a sliding window feedback mechanism to determine the occurrence and classification of split maneuvering, which makes the tracked objects focus by group members effectively. The track of an outlier single target is reconstructed by the sequential least square method. At the same time, the relationship between the group members is expressed by the complex domain topological description method, which solves the problem of point-track association between the members. The Singer method is then used to update the tracks. Compared with classical multi-target tracking algorithms based on Multiple Hypothesis Tracking (MHT) and the Different Structure Joint Probabilistic Data Association (DS-JPDA) algorithm, the proposed algorithm has better tracking accuracy and stability, is robust against environmental clutter and has stable time-consumption under both classical radar conditions and partly resolvable conditions.
Influence of TiB_2 particles on machinability and machining parameter optimization of TiB_2/Al MMCs

In situ formed TiB_2 particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites (TiB_2/Al MMCs) have some extraordinary properties which make them be a promising material for high performance aero-engine blade. Due to the influence of TiB_2 particles, the machinability is still a problem which restricts the application of TiB_2/Al MMCs. In order to meet the industrial requirements, the influence of TiB_2 particles on the machinability of TiB_2/Al MMCs was investigated experimentally. Moreover, the optimal machining conditions for this kind of MMCs were investigated in this study. The major conclusions are: (1) the machining force of TiB_2/Al MMCs is bigger than that of nonreinforced alloy and mainly controlled by feed rate; (2) the residual stress of TiB_2/Al MMCs is compressive while that of non-reinforced alloy is nearly neutral; (3) the surface roughness of TiB_2/Al MMCs is smaller than that of non-reinforced alloy under the same cutting speed, but reverse result was observed when the feed rate increased; (4) a multi-objective optimization model for surface roughness and material removal rate (MRR) was established, and a set of optimal parameter combinations of the machining was obtained. The results show a great difference from SiC particle reinforced MMCs and provide a useful guide for a better control of machining process of this material.
2017年度地球科学部评审工作综述

2017年度,地球科学部(以下简称“学部”)评审工作继续严格贯彻“杜绝各种利益输送,精准评审,与时俱进,不忘初心”的工作方针,继续坚持国家自然科学基金委(以下简称“基金委”)一贯遵循的“依靠专家、发扬民主、择优支持、公正合理”的十六字评审原则,认真贯彻落实《国家自然科学基金“十三五”发展规划》提出的战略定位、发展目标和战略导向。在分管委主任的领导下,学部全体工作人员的辛勤工作和地学界科学家的支持下,评审工作整体进展顺利。
系统性红斑狼疮的诊疗进展

系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)是一种主要累及中青年女性的自身免疫性疾病,全身多个器官系统均可受累,其病因及发病机制至今未明。传统的诊断方法由于缺乏足够的敏感性及特异性,往往造成误诊或漏诊;传统的药物尚不能彻底治愈该病,而有的药物长期使用毒副作用大。近年来,SLE的研究取得了较大进展,为红斑狼疮的精准诊疗提供了新的途径。尤其是SLE新分类标准以及发病机制中起作用的关键分子不断发现为SLE的精确诊断提供了新的技术和方法;新的分子靶标干预和传统药物多靶点治疗方案的应用也为SLE治疗提供了新的策略。我们主要对近年SLE诊疗方面的进展进行概述和评论。
癫痫与驾驶

癫痫是各种原因所致脑神经元异常同步放电的临床综合征,具有发作性、短暂性和重复性的特点。我国约有1 000万癫痫患者(people with epilepsy,PWE),每年新增加约40万例。随着城市化进程的发展,中国机动车迅猛增长,据公安部交管局统计(2017年1月),截至2016年底,全国机动车达2.9亿辆,汽车驾驶人超过3.1亿人。越来越多的PWE和临床医师将面对癫痫与驾驶的困惑,本文结合最新研究和各国法规对癫痫与驾驶进行阐述。
Pedicle Subtraction Osteotomy with a Cage Prevents Sagittal Translation in the Correction of Kyphosis in Ankylosing Spondylitis

Background: Sagittal translation (ST) is an accidental event that surgeons commonly encounter during a spinal osteotomy in the correction of kyphosis in ankylosing spondylitis (AS). However, there is a paucity of effective techniques to prevent ST. The purpose of this study was to propose a pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) with a cage as a method to prevent ST and to explore the efficacy and feasibility of this method in the treatment of kyphosis in AS. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 89 consecutive patients with AS kyphosis who underwent a PSO (Group B, 46 patients) or a PSO with a cage (Group A,43 patients) from February 2009 to December 2013. Pre- and post-operative radiographic results were reviewed. ST and complications were analyzed in both groups. Clinical assessment was performed using the Scoliosis Research Society-22 (SRS-22) outcomes metric. The patients were followed up for at least 2 years. Results: Group A achieved the same re-alignment of the kyphotic spine as Group B. Two (4.7%) of the 43 patients in Group A and 14 (30.4%) of the 46 patients in Group B had intraoperative ST(χ~2= 10.020, 0.002). Significant differences were identified between the two groups in the height change of the osteotomized column. SRS-22 scores improved significantly in both groups. Seven patients experienced neurologic complications (1 in Group A and 6 in Group B). Eight patients had cerebrospinal fluid leakage (2 in Group A and 6 in Group B). Conclusion: PSO with a cage significantly avoided ST during the osteotomy procedure and might represent a new, safe, and feasible choice for treating patients with AS kyphosis.
Two-dimensional Nitrogen-doped Mesoporous Carbon/Graphene Nanocomposites from the Self-assembly of Block Copolymer Micelles in Solution

The self-assembly of block copolymer in solution has proven to be an effective strategy for building up a wide range of nanomaterials with diverse structures and applications. This paper reports a facile self-assembly approach towards two-dimensional (2D) sandwich-like mesoporous nitrogen-doped carbon/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites (denoted as mNC/rGO) with well-defined large mesopores. The strategy involves the synergistic self-assembly of polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (PS-b-PEO) spherical micelles, m-phenylenediamine (mPD) monomers and GO in solution and the subsequent carbonization at 900 ℃. The resultant mNC/rGO nanosheets have an average pore size of 19 nm, a high specific surface of 812 m~2·g~(-1) and a nitrogen content of 2.2 wt%. As an oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalyst, the unique structural features render the metal-free nanosheets excellent electrocatalytic performance. In a 0.1 mol·L~(-1) KOH alkaline medium, mNC/rGO exhibits a four-electron transfer pathway with a high half-wave-potential (E_(1/2)) of +0.77 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and a limiting current density (J_L) of 5.2 mA.cm~(-2), which are well comparable with those of the commercial Pt/C catalysts.
Nanostructured Polyelectrolyte-surfactant Complex Pervaporation Membranes for Ethanol Recovery: the Relationship between the Membrane Structure and Separation Performance

Polyelectrolyte-surfactant complexes (PESCs) were fabricated through the interaction of poly(acrylic acid) and four different cationic surfactants or their mixtures. PESC membranes were prepared by solution casting method and were applied in ethanol recovery from aqueous solution via pervaporation. Elemental analysis (EA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), water contact angle (CA) measurement, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray scattering were employed to characterize the composition, structure and properties of PESCs. The results reveal that the investigated PESCs are similar in hydrophobicity but different in hierarchical nanostructures. In separating 5 wt% ethanol/water mixture, PESC membranes with high crystallinity will have both low flux and ethanol selectivity because of the high packing density and low permeability of crystalline regions. Meanwhile, the hierarchical nanostructures of PESC membranes change under pervaporation environment as was revealed by in situ synchrotron radiation X-ray scattering measurement. That is, the crystalline region could melt at high temperature in swelling state, thus consequently enhancing the ethanol selectivity.
Simulations of Eurasian Winter Temperature Trends in Coupled and Uncoupled CFSv2

Conflicting results have been presented regarding the link between Arctic sea-ice loss and midlatitude cooling, particularly over Eurasia. This study analyzes uncoupled (atmosphere-only) and coupled (ocean–atmosphere) simulations by the Climate Forecast System, version 2 (CFSv2), to examine this linkage during the Northern Hemisphere winter, focusing on the simulation of the observed surface cooling trend over Eurasia during the last three decades. The uncoupled simulations are Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP) runs forced with mean seasonal cycles of sea surface temperature (SST) and sea ice, using combinations of SST and sea ice from different time periods to assess the role that each plays individually, and to assess the role of atmospheric internal variability. Coupled runs are used to further investigate the role of internal variability via the analysis of initialized predictions and the evolution of the forecast with lead time. The AMIP simulations show a mean warming response over Eurasia due to SST changes, but little response to changes in sea ice. Individual runs simulate cooler periods over Eurasia, and this is shown to be concurrent with a stronger Siberian high and warming over Greenland. No substantial differences in the variability of Eurasian surface temperatures are found between the different model configurations. In the coupled runs, the region of significant warming over Eurasia is small at short leads, but increases at longer leads. It is concluded that, although the models have some capability in highlighting the temperature variability over Eurasia, the observed cooling may still be a consequence of internal variability.