mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Tongxinluo Ameliorates Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Mainly via Activating Parkin-Mediated Mitophagy and Downregulating Ubiquitin-Proteasome System

Objective: To investigate the protective effects and mechanism of Chinese herbal compound Tongxinluo Capsule (通心络胶囊, TXL) on the Parkin-mediated mitophagy and the ubiquitin-proteasome system in a rat model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI). Methods: Seventy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 7 groups: sham group, MIRI group, low- and high-dose TXL (0.5 and 1 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1), respectively) groups, atorvastatin (ATV) group (7.2 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)), chloroquine (CQ) group (10 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)), and highdose TXL + CQ group. After pharmacological administration for 7 days, rats underwent left anterior descending artery ligation surgery to establish the MIRI models with 50 min ischemia followed by 4 h reperfusion. Blood was taken for cardiac troponin I (cTnI) detection and hearts were harvested for infarct staining and apoptosis detection. The autophagy or mitophagy proteins and ubiquitinated proteins were detected by Western blotting. Results: Compared with the sham group, the MIRI group exhibited a larger infarcted area (27.13%±0.01%, P<0.01), a higher apoptotic index (34.33%±2.03% vs.1.81%±0.03%, P<0.01), and higher cTnI expression (14.18±1.01 vs. 7.96±0.32, P<0.01). The mitochondrial integrity was damaged in the MIRI group, while TXL and ATV alleviated the damage of MIRI. More autophagosomes were observed in the high-dose TXL group than in the MIRI group (7.00±0.58 vs. 4.33±1.15, P<0.05). More amounts of PTEN-induced putative kinase protein 1 (PINK1) and Parkin translocated onto the mitochondria were detected in the high-dose TXL group than in the MIRI group (P<0.05). The ubiquitin response was significantly downregulated in the high-dose TXL group relative to the MIRI group (P<0.05). CQ administration abolished the activation of autophagy flux and the PINK1/Parkin pathway induced by high-dose of TXL. Conclusions: TXL ameliorates MIRI via activating Parkin-mediated mitophagy in rats. The downregulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system is also involved.
Isogeometric nonlocal strain gradient quasi-three-dimensional plate model for thermal postbuckling of porous functionally graded microplates with central cutout with different shapes

This study presents the size-dependent nonlinear thermal postbuckling characteristics of a porous functionally graded material (PFGM) microplate with a central cutout with various shapes using isogeometric numerical technique incorporating nonuniform rational B-splines. To construct the proposed non-classical plate model, the nonlocal strain gradient continuum elasticity is adopted on the basis of a hybrid quasithree-dimensional (3D) plate theory under through-thickness deformation conditions by only four variables. By taking a refined power-law function into account in conjunction with the Touloukian scheme, the temperature-porosity-dependent material properties are extracted. With the aid of the assembled isogeometric-based finite element formulations, nonlocal strain gradient thermal postbuckling curves are acquired for various boundary conditions as well as geometrical and material parameters. It is portrayed that for both size dependency types, by going deeper in the thermal postbuckling domain, gaps among equilibrium curves associated with various small scale parameter values get lower, which indicates that the pronounce of size effects reduces by going deeper in the thermal postbuckling regime. Moreover, we observe that the central cutout effect on the temperature rise associated with the thermal postbuckling behavior in the presence of the effect of strain gradient size and absence of nonlocality is stronger compared with the case including nonlocality in absence of the strain gradient small scale effect.
CDK13相关疾病1例病例报告

综上所述,CDK13基因变异所致的CDK13相关疾病临床异质性高,主要表现为发育迟缓、喂养困难、先天性心脏病、面容异常及脑结构异常等。现发现其可作为婴儿痉挛症候选基因,后续研究应探讨CDK13变异致病机制及其与婴儿痉挛症的具体发病机制。
2019年云南省慢性阻塞性肺疾病平均住院时间影响因素分析

目的分析云南省慢性阻塞性肺疾病(简称慢阻肺)住院时间的影响因素,探寻缩短平均住院时间的措施,为制定慢阻肺合理平均住院时间目标值提出相应的意见和建议。方法分析2019年云南省卫生统计信息网络直报系统慢阻肺病案首页相关信息。结果通过排除信息缺失、异常、重复者后,得到样本257134例。男性、年龄大、三级医院、医保付费、汉族、未婚、离婚、手术是慢阻肺平均住院时间更长的危险因素。结论减少平均住院时间需制定慢阻肺入院标准、合理调整临床路径、强调“双向转诊”“分级治疗”的重要性以及加强医院信息化建设。
基于无线传感网络的电网电压暂降故障节点定位优化方法

电网电压暂降故障节点定位优化方法在电网研究领域中具有重要意义。传统方法主要对电网发生故障时的电流进行计算,忽略了对电网故障区域的选取,导致检测故障节点定位的准确性差。提出了一种基于无线传感网络的电网电压暂降故障节点定位优化方法。对电网电压暂降的故障类型进行分析,利用电网线路故障节点的距离,对电网虚拟故障节点的阻抗和监测点的阻抗进行计算,根据电网发生故障前的电压和监测点的电压,计算电网监测点的电压分量比值,并对电网故障的权重系数进行计算,得到电网电压暂降故障节点的距离分布函数。在此基础上,对电网电压暂降的故障区域进行选取,并计算出电网电压暂降故障节点实部、虚部的数据,并利用分布函数对电网故障节点实部、虚部的故障距离进行确定,计算其距离的差异度,根据电网线路传感器节点集合的分析,实现对电网电压暂降故障节点的定位优化。实验结果表明,提出方法能够准确且快速的对电网电压暂降的故障节点进行定位。
基于数字图像自动化重建的三维影像视觉传达系统设计

综合现有的研究成果,在设计中应用数字图像自动化重建技术,提出一种基于数字图像自动化重建的三维影像视觉传达系统,达到了较高的系统性能。系统的硬件部分共分为两个模块:处理三维影像层模块、采集三维影像层模块。其中处理三维影像层模块使用的硬件为HUJ-23三维图像处理器。采集三维影像层模块使用的硬件为实感红外摄像头。系统的软件构成包括三维影像计算机表达模块、三维图像重建模块。其中三维影像计算机表达模块主要负责通过计算机技术对三维影像进行计算机化表达。三维图像重建模块能够通过数字图像自动化重建技术实现三维图像的自动化重建。设计一个仿真平台,测试设计系统的三维影像重建精度与视觉传达完整度,并将现有系统作为对比系统。测试结果证明设计系统的三维影像重建精度与视觉传达完整度均有所提升,能够促进视觉传达领域的发展。
基于动态需求的多车型车辆配送路径优化研究

基于实际物流配送中客户需求的动态变化特性以及配送车辆的多样化,首先,提出多车型情形下的动态需求车辆配送路径优化问题,并以配送成本最小化为目标建立了两阶段车辆配送路径规划模型;其次,在初始配送路径优化阶段,采用了遗传算法得出车辆配送线路方案;在实时优化阶段,通过关键时间点将动态变化的需求转化为静态的需求,并采用了遗传算法进行分析求解。最后通过对JLD物流公司的实际需求数据进行研究,改变JLD专线路的原则,重新规划车辆的行驶线路,并与JLD的实际配送方案进行对比分析,发现基于动态需求的多车型模型有效的减少了配送车辆数并降低了运输成本。
针灸对快速老化小鼠海马Gli1、Tau蛋白及行为学的影响

目的观察针灸早期干预对快速老化小鼠SAMP8海马Gli1、Tau蛋白及行为学的影响,为研究针灸防治AD的作用机制提供依据。方法选用SAMP8小鼠作为研究对象,随机将12只SAMP8小鼠纳入针灸组、模型组,每组各6只;6只SAMR1小鼠纳入正常组。针灸组针刺"百会"穴、"神门"穴;艾灸"肾俞"穴,15min /d,6d为1个疗程,共进行4个疗程,疗程间间隔1d。采用Morris水迷宫、新物体识别实验检测各组小鼠空间学习记忆能力,Western blotting检测小鼠海马区Gli1及Tau蛋白的相对表达量。结果Morris水迷宫检测显示,模型组相比正常组逃避潜伏期长,跨平台次数少;针灸组相比于模型组逃避潜伏期短,跨越平台次数多。新物体识别实验结果显示模型组相比正常组新物体识别系数较小;针灸组新物体识别系数大于模型组。Western blotting结果显示:模型组小鼠海马Gli1相对表达量比正常组低;针灸组小鼠海马Gli1相对表达量比模型组高。反之,模型组小鼠海马Tau蛋白相对表达量相比正常组高;针灸组小鼠海马Tau蛋白相对表达量比模型组低。结论针灸早期干预对快速衰老的SAMP8小鼠的认知功能有一定的影响,此效应可能与调节海马内Gli1及Tau蛋白的表达影响相关。
川芎药材商品规格等级标准研究

目的建立川芎药材商品规格等级评价标准。方法采用相关性、主成分及聚类统计方法对60批川芎药材的内外指标进行分析,结合市场交易和实际的可操作性,制定其商品规格等级评价标准。结果按规格不同分为选货和统货。选货一等:晒货,表面灰褐色,断面黄白色,最大直径≧ 5.0cm,个重≧ 30g,阿魏酸≧ 0.18%,藁本内酯+洋川芎内酯A ≧ 1.3%;选货二等:晒货或炕货,表面灰褐色或褐色,断面黄白色或灰黄色,最大直径≧ 4.0cm,个重≧ 20g,阿魏酸≧ 0.13%,藁本内酯+洋川芎内酯A ≧ 0.9%;选货三等:晒货或炕货,药材表面灰褐色或褐色,断面黄白色或灰黄色,2.0cm ≤最大直径<4.0cm,10g≤个重<20g,阿魏酸≧ 0.10%,藁本内酯+洋川芎内酯A ≧ 0.7%;统货符合川芎的性状特点,直径≧ 2.0cm、个重≧ 10g、阿魏酸≧ 0.10%,藁本内酯+洋川芎内酯A ≧ 0.7%。结论所建立的川芎药材商品规格等级标准可为川芎药材的质量控制提供参考。
脊柱微调手法结合四维牵引调曲治疗腰椎间盘突出症100例

目的观察脊柱微调手法结合四维牵引调曲治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床效果。方法选取在门诊及住院治疗的腰椎间盘突出症患者100例,按照随机数字表法分为2组,即治疗组与对照组。治疗组采用脊柱微调手法结合四维牵引调曲疗法,对照组采用常规推拿手法结合平牵治疗,观察治疗前后M-JOA,VAS评分变化。结果100例腰椎间盘突出症患者经治疗后治疗组总有效率为92%,对照组80%,两组差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05)。治疗后较治疗前M-JOA上升、VAS评分降低,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05)。相对于对照组,治疗组患者生活质量明显提高,未出现不良反应及不良事件。结论脊柱微调手法结合四维牵引调曲治疗腰椎间盘突出症具有良好的临床疗效,值得临床推广应用。
延胡索酸水合酶缺陷型肾细胞癌1例

FH-RCC系罕见常染色体显性遗传病,2016年WHO分类将其纳入肾脏肿瘤亚型;多为孤立性病变,侵袭性高,病灶较小即可发生转移,预后差。本例影像学表现为密度/信号不均匀病灶,增强后明显强化,提示其富血供,并见出血、静脉内瘤栓、多发骨转移及淋巴结转移等恶性征象。鉴别诊断:①Ⅱ型乳头状肾细胞癌,多有纤维包膜,多呈延迟渐进性轻中度强化,延胡索酸水合酶(+);②肾髓质癌,多见于血液病(镰状红细胞贫血)患者,好发于肾脏中央,延胡索酸水合酶(+)。FH-RCC术前诊断困难,确诊需靠病理学检查或结合基因检测。
上颌第一磨牙缺失合并口腔上颌窦瘘种植修复一例

口腔上颌窦瘘是指口腔与上颌窦发生的病理性连通。由于上颌窦底骨板的缺损,在缺牙区进行种植治疗具有较大困难。本文报道1例上颌第一磨牙缺失合并口腔上颌窦瘘的病例,上颌窦底缺损直径大于5 mm。一期手术行口腔上颌窦瘘修补术及位点保存术;二期手术行经侧壁开窗上颌窦底提升术及引导骨再生术,同期植入种植体,完成上部结构修复。通过治疗重建牙槽嵴的软硬组织,恢复患者的咀嚼功能,并获得较理想的美观效果。
跨专业高仿真模拟教学在护理综合实训教学中的应用

目的探讨跨专业高仿真模拟教学在护理综合实训教学中的应用效果。方法便利抽取2017级学生按照班级分为对照组和实验组。对照组50名护理专业学生,在护理综合实训中实施高仿真模拟教学;实验组25名护理专业学生和21名临床医学专业学生组成医护合作班,实施跨专业高仿真模拟教学。结果实验组护理专业学生的理论知识和综合实训考核成绩显著高于对照组,对教学评价的认可度显著高于对照组(均P<0.01)。结论跨专业高仿真模拟教学能够提高护理综合实训的教学质量和效果。
首例心房分流器置入术治疗射血分数保留的心衰

2016年ESC指南心衰分类,定义左心室射血分数(LVEF)≥0.50为射血分数保留的心衰(HFpEF),LVEF<0.40为射血分数降低的心衰(HFrEF), LVEF = 0.40~ 0.49为射血分数中间状态的心衰(HFmEF)。HFpEF和HFrEF的病死率相似,目前尚无药物证实能降低HFpEF病死率,寻找一种器械治疗HFpEF成为临床上一种新的治疗思路。2014年多种无源置入的心房分流器开始应用于临床,在治疗HFpEF方面取得了理想的临床效果,包括IASD(Corvia Medical)、Ventura(V-Wave Ltd)和AFR(Occlutech)等。我国尚无该类器械的研究,本例是中国自主研发的新型心房分流器D-Shant应用于人体的首例报道。
Applying Synchronous Condenser for Damping Provision in Converter-dominated Power System

The dynamic characteristics of converter-dominated systems are governed by controlling power converters and the interactions between converter systems and conventional alternators. Frequency oscillations can appear under dynamic operation conditions caused by the phase-locked loop dynamics and interactions among the converter control systems. The oscillations may be poorly damped, which can result in reduced power generation, longer settling time, or disconnections of sensitive components. It is foreseeable that damping services will be critical for power grid stabilization in the future with high penetration of renewable generation. In this work, synchronous condensers (SCs) are evaluated and applied to provide damping services to the power grid under post-event conditions. An innovative supplementary controller for the automatic voltage regulator of SCs is proposed to improve the frequency stabilization in a converter-dominated system after disturbances. Using local and remote measurements, SCs are able to modulate the reactive power output and hence, the terminal bus voltage, which further impacts the power flow in the system; therefore, damping can be provided to the frequency oscillations. The control is implemented on an industrial-level hardware platform, and the performance is verified by the hardware-in-the-loop simulation.
Multi-microgrid Energy Management Systems: Architecture, Communication, and Scheduling Strategies

The increasing penetration of various distributed and renewable energy resources at the consumption premises, along with the advanced metering, control and communication technologies, promotes a transition on the structure of traditional distribution systems towards cyber-physical multi-microgrids (MMGs). The networked MMG system is an interconnected cluster of distributed generators, energy storage as well as controllable loads in a distribution system. And its operation complexity can be decomposed to decrease the burdens of communication and control with a decentralized framework. Consequently, the multi-microgrid energy management system (MMGEMS) plays a significant role in improving energy efficiency, power quality and reliability of distribution systems, especially in enhancing system resiliency during contingencies. A comprehensive overview on typical functionalities and architectures of MMGEMS is illustrated. Then,the emerging communication technologies for information monitoring and interaction among MMG clusters are surveyed. Furthermore, various energy scheduling and control strategies of MMGs for interactive energy trading, multi-energy management, and resilient operations are thoroughly analyzed and investigated. Lastly, some challenges with great importance in the future research are presented.
Development of a hydrodynamic model and the corresponding virtual software for dual-loop circulating fluidized beds

Dual-loop circulating fluidized bed (CFB) reactors have been widely applied in industry because of their good heat and mass transfer characteristics and continuous handling ability. However, the design of such reactors is notoriously difficult owing to the poor understanding of the underlying mechanisms, meaning it has been heavily based on empiricism and stepwise experiments. Modeling the gas-solid CFB system requires a quantitative description of the multiscale heterogeneity in the sub-reactors and the strong coupling between them. This article proposed a general method for modeling multiloop CFB systems by utilizing the energy minimization multiscale (EMMS) principle. A full-loop modeling scheme was implemented by using the EMMS model and/or its extension models to compute the hydrodynamic parameters of the sub-reactors, to achieve the mass conservation and pressure balance in each circulation loop. Based on the modularization strategy, corresponding interactive simulation software was further developed to facilitate the flexible creation and fast modeling of a customized multi-loop CFB reactor. This research can be expected to provide quantitative references for the design and scale-up of gas-solid CFB reactors and lay a solid foundation for the realization of virtual process engineering.
Mooring Damage Identification of Floating Wind Turbine Using a Non-Probabilistic Approach Under Different Environmental Conditions

This paper discusses the damage identification in the mooring line system of a floating wind turbine (FWT) exposed to various environmental loads.The proposed method incorporates a non-probabilistic method into artificial neural networks (ANNs).The non-probabilistic method is used to overcome the problem of uncertainties.For this purpose,the interval analysis method is used to calculate the lower and upper bounds of ANNs input data.This data contains some of the natural frequencies utilized to train two different ANNs and predict the output data which is the interval bounds of mooring line stiffness.Additionally,in order to reduce computational time and more importantly,identify damage in various conditions,the proposed method is trained using constant loads (CL) case (deterministic loads,including constant wind speed and airy wave model) and is tested using random loads (RL) case (including Kaimal wind model and JONSWAP wave theory).The superiority of this method is assessed by applying the deterministic method for damage identification.The results demonstrate that the proposed non-probabilistic method identifies the location and severity of damage more accurately compared to a deterministic one.This superiority is getting more remarkable as the difference in uncertainty levels between training and testing data is increasing.
Experimental Investigation of a Hydraulic Turbine for Hydrokinetic Power Generation in Irrigation/Rainfall Channels

The development of microchannels with open flow for use in irrigation and rainy areas is challenged by electricity generation via hydrokinetic devices in shallow and low velocity flows.Conventional hydrokinetic turbines are known to be highly dependent on current speed and water depth.Another drawback of conventional turbines is their low efficiency.These shortcomings lead to the need to accelerate the flow in the channel system to enhance the extracted power.The method of deploying a novel turbine configuration in irrigation channels can help overcome the low performance of conventional hydrokinetic turbines.Therefore,this study experimentally presents a bidirectional diffuser-augmented channel that includes dual cross flow/Banki turbines.Results show that the maximum efficiency of the overall system with two turbines is nearly 55.7%.The efficiency is low relative to that of hydraulic turbines.Nevertheless,the result can be considered satisfactory given the low head of the present system.The use of this system will contribute to a highly efficient utilization of flows in rivers and channels for electrical energy generation in rural areas.
A Novel Quarter-Circular Arc Multi-Direction Piezoelectric VEH and Its Theoretical Model

A quarter-circular arc piezoelectric Vibration energy harvester (VEH) based on nonlinear geometry is proposed with both bending moment and torque deformation mode, so it can effectively absorb multidirectional vibration at the same resonance frequency. The theoretical model of quarter-circular arc piezoelectric VEH is established to study the resonance frequency and the output voltage. In order to demonstrate multi-directional performance of the quarter-circular arc VEH, the stress distribution is compared with that of the traditional piezoelectric VEH in multi-direction vibration, and the output voltage of the circular arc piezoelectric VEH are relatively increased 267.26% in X-direction, 463.18% in Ydirection, and 17.24% in Z-direction. The external load is equipped in circuit to measure output power, whose matching resistance is around 21kΩ, and the maximum output powers are 7.57mW in X-direction, 2.39mW in Ydirection, and 9.93mW in Z-direction.
Induction Motor Fault Diagnosis Based on Transfer Principal Component Analysis

This paper presents a transfer learningbased approach for induction motor fault diagnosis, where the Transfer principal component analysis (TPCA) is proposed to improve diagnostic performance of the induction motors under various working conditions. TPCA is developed to minimize the distribution difference between training and testing data by mapping crossdomain data into a shared latent space in which domain difference can be reduced. The trained model can achieve a good performance in testing data by using the learned features consisting of common latent principal components. Experimental results show that the proposed approach outperforms traditional machine learning techniques and can diagnose induction motor fault under various working conditions effectively.
Macrosegregation and thermosolutal convection-induced freckle formation in dendritic mushy zone of directionally solidified Sn-Ni peritectic alloy

Compared with the growing applications of peritectic alloy,none research on the freckle formation during peritectic solidification has been reported before.Observation on the dendritic mushy zone of Sn-36 at.%Ni peritectic alloy during directional solidification at different growth velocities shows that the freckles are formed in two different regions:region I before peritectic reaction and region II after peritectic reaction.In addition,more freckles can be observed at lower growth velocities.Examination on the experimental results demonstrates that both the temperature gradient zone melting (TGZM) and Gibbs-Thomson (G-T) effects have obvious influences on the morphology of dendritic network during directional solidification.The current theories onKI Rayleigh number R_a characterizing the thermosolutal convection of dendritic mushy zone to predict freckle formation through the maximum of R_a can only explain the existence of region I while the appearance of region II after peritectic reaction cannot be predicted.Thus,a new Rayleigh number R_(aP) is proposed in consideration of evolution of dendritic mushy zone by both effects and peritectic reaction.Theoretical prediction of R_(aP) also shows a maximum after peritectic reaction in addition to that before peritectic reaction,thus,agreeing well with the freckle formation in region II.In addition,more severe thermosolutal convection can be predicted by the new Rayleigh number R_(aP) at lower growth velocities,which further demonstrates the reliability of R_(aP) in describing the dependence of freckle formation on growth velocity.
Stable Boron-Containing Blue-Photoluminescent Radicals

It is highly urgent to develop synthetic strategies to make new category of stable luminescent radicals with desired emission wavelength. In this study, we have isolated two dioxoborocyclic radicals (3 and 4) by a direct synthetic route. They were characterized by UV, EPR spectroscopy and SQUID measurements. Their structures were obtained by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Both radicals produce blue-photoluminescence (458 nm for 3 and 478 nm for 4) by radiative decay from higher excited states (D 2/D 3) to the ground state (D 0) based on theoretical calculation, breaking Kasha rule. The work records a new kind of radical emitters and the first stable radicals with blue emission bands.
Monoterpenoid Indole Alkaloids with Promoting Neurite Growth from Tabernaemontana divaricata

Phytochemical investigations on Tabernaemontana divaricata led to the isolation of seven undescribed monoterpenoid indole alkaloids, taberdicatines A—G (1—7). Taberdicatines A—C might be derived from Aspidosperma-type alkaloid, less skeletal carbons in 1—2 and an additional carbon in 3. Taberdicatines D—E (4—5) were attributed to Iboga alkaloids with enantiomeric skeleton, respectively. Alkaloid 3 could promote the neurite growth of mouse primary cortical neurons at the concentration of 5 μmol/L.
The mRNA Binding Proteome of Proliferating and Differentiated Muscle Cells

Muscle formation is a coordinated process driven by extensive gene expression changes where single cells fuse together to form multinucleated muscle fibers. Newly synthesized mRNAs are then regulated by RNA binding proteins (RBPs), affecting post-transcriptional transcript metabolism. Here, we determined how large-scale gene expression changes affect the catalog of RBPs by studying proliferating and differentiated muscle cells in healthy and dystrophic conditions. Tran-scriptomic analysis showed that the expression of more than 7000 genes was affected during myo-genesis. We identified 769 RBPs, of which 294 were muscle-specific and 49 were uniquely shared with cardiomyocytes. A subset of 32 RBPs (half of which were muscle-specific) was found to be preferentially associated with target mRNAs in either myoblasts (MBs) or myotubes (MTs). A large proportion of catalytic proteins were bound to mRNAs even though they lack classical RNA binding domains. Finally, we showed how the identification of cell-specific RBPs enabled the identification of biomarkers that can separate healthy individuals from dystrophic patients. Our data show how interactome data can shed light on new basic RNA biology as well as provide cell-specific data that can be used for diagnostic purposes.
水稻特异羟基肉桂酰酪胺基因簇的功能解析

生物合成基因簇(biosynthetic gene cluster,BGC)由多个(至少三个)行使不同催化功能酶的编码基因在染色体上相邻或是相近的位置组成.典型的生物合成基因簇负责生成一个或几个结构类似的生物活性特异性代谢物(specialized metabolite.与原核生物基因组中常见的操纵子不同,植物基因组中的生物合成基因簇被认为是一种比较罕见的现象.第一个被功能鉴定的生物合成基因簇是来自玉米(Zea mays)的DIMBOA(2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one)基因簇,Bx1~Bx9都成簇排布在4号染色体(Bx6和Bx7和其他Bx基因的物理距离大于2 Mb).其中,Bx1编码色氨酸合成酶α亚基的同源蛋白,Bx2~Bx5编码功能不同的P450酶,Bx8~Bx9编码糖基转移酶.近十多来,随着测序技术和生物信息分析能力的飞速发展,在植物基因组中也发现了越来越多的参与次生代谢产物合成的基因簇,plantiSMASH分析预测,拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)基因组中有45个BGC;大豆(Glycine max)基因组中有76个BGC;水稻(Oryza sativa Japonica)基因组中有46个BGC;玉米基因组中有34个BGC;高粱(Sorghum bicolor)基因组中有54个BGC;番茄(Solanum lycopersicum)基因组中有45个BGC.需要指出的是,这些预测的大多数植物生物合成基因簇的生物学功能都还未被鉴定.因此,对植物中这些生物合成基因簇的研究,特别是生理功能的研究,已经成为植物代谢生物学领域的热点.近期研究人员发现,拟南芥根中特异表达的萜类生物合成基因簇(合成三萜和二半萜)参与调控植物根际的微生物组的组成.尽管如此,人们对植物生物合成基因簇的形成过程、生理功能以及进化等方面仍知之甚少.
基于水力压裂实验的龙马溪组页岩各向异性特征研究

水力压裂储层改造技术是页岩气开发的关键技术手段.大量高压流体注入页岩储层会显著改变岩石的纵横波速度、岩石力学参数及其各向异性特征.文章在伪三轴应力加载条件下对龙马溪组页岩开展了差异化的水力压裂岩石物理实验,对比了应力加载方式和水-岩物理化学反应对于页岩纵横波速度和岩石力学参数的影响.实验结果表明,对于干燥页岩样品,各向同性应力加载可以增大其纵横波速度和杨氏模量,并减弱对应的各向异性特征,而差应力加载可以提高杨氏模量的各向异性特征,并使页岩垂直沉积层理方向上的抗压强度下降速率加快.另一方面,水力压裂引发的水-岩物理化学反应能够“软化”页岩样品,降低其杨氏模量.这一“软化”作用对页岩纵横波速度的影响较小,而使Thomsen参数、杨氏模量和泊松比的各向异性特征显著下降.此外,页岩样品泊松比之间的负线性关系也由于压裂流体对页岩的“软化”作用失去了对于应力加载的敏感性.研究结果可以为龙马溪组页岩岩石力学性质研究提供良好的借鉴和数据支持.
前列腺癌筛查中国专家共识(2021年版)

随着中国经济水平提高、人民生活水平改善和人均寿命延长,中国前列腺癌的发病率呈显著上升趋势,正逐步成为影响中国中老年男性健康的重要疾病。2015年中国前列腺癌的总体发病率为10.23/10万人,死亡率为4.36/10万人。2020年世界癌症报告数据显示,前列腺癌位居男性恶性肿瘤发病率的第6位,死亡率的第9位。据世界卫生组织国际癌症研究机构统计预测,2020年中国前列腺癌发病率约15.6/10万人,新发病例超11万人,死亡人数超5万人。其中一线城市前列腺癌发病率更高,北京、上海和广州的前列腺癌发病率分别达到19.30/10万人、32.23/10万人和17.57/10万人。
肺恶性血管周上皮样细胞瘤伴脑转移一例

本文报道了左肺下叶恶性血管周上皮样细胞瘤伴脑转移1例。患者女,49岁,胸部CT表现为左肺下叶背段团块状软组织密度影,密度不均,内见多发囊状低密度影,增强扫描呈明显不均匀强化,囊性部分未见强化。颅脑MRI表现为左侧小脑半球占位并周围明显水肿。病理诊断:左肺下叶恶性血管周上皮样细胞瘤伴脑转移。
腹腔镜结直肠外科手术缝合技术与缝合材料选择中国专家共识(2021版)

结直肠癌的诊疗仍强调早期诊断和以手术为主的综合治疗。自20世纪90年代初首次报道腹腔镜结肠切除术距今已有30余年,随着多项高级别循证医学研究结果的公布,结直肠癌手术也进入了微创时代,腹腔镜手术已成为结直肠癌手术的标准术式。近年来,结直肠癌手术治疗理念更新较大,完全腹腔镜消化道重建、经自然腔道取标本手术(natural orifice specimen extraction surgery,NOSES)和经肛术式等技术发展迅速。在开展各类新术式中,合理规范应用各种缝合技术、选择合适材料对减少术后并发症具有重要意义。基于上述背景,中华医学会外科学分会组织国内部分专家参考近年文献并结合循证医学证据,在《胃肠手术缝合技术与材料选择中国专家共识(2018版)》的基础上制定本共识,旨在为腹腔镜结直肠外科手术缝合技术和缝合材料的选择提供参考与指导。
胰腺腺泡细胞癌合并胆管癌超声表现1例

同一个体同时或先后发生两种或两种以上原发性恶性肿瘤称多原发癌或重复癌,较为罕见,两者同时确诊或确诊时间<6个月称同时性重复癌,确诊时间间隔>6个月为异时性重复癌。重复癌目前致病原因不明,可能与遗传、放化疗和环境等因素有关,近年发病率呈上升趋势。本例患者因黄疸就诊,同时发现PACC和胆管癌,因PACC早期症状不明显,带瘤生存时间可能较长。胰腺癌合并其他器官原发恶性肿瘤,以胰腺导管腺癌合并胃的重复癌最常见,APCC合并胆管癌临床极罕见,其超声影像表现特征有待于进一步研究。
国内外生态修复效果评价研究进展

随着工业化和城镇化进程加快,生态系统退化、脆弱性提高等问题加剧,生态系统已无法通过自我调节恢复其结构和功能,生态修复成为修复脆弱生态系统的重要途径。生态修复效果是评价生态修复质量的关键环节,为生态修复决策制定和后续管理提供科学指导。基于CiteSpace计量分析软件梳理国内外生态修复效果研究文献共4958篇,初步判断生态修复效果评价的主要学科领域和研究热点。归纳总结国内外生态修复效果评价的主要内容,国内研究重点关注环境质量、生物资源、生态系统服务、效益及景观功能等方面,国外研究更重视生物资源、生态系统服务、感知价值和美学价值。据此,我国后续研究要加强同类型生态修复的系统研究、文化服务与其他服务的权衡与协同、生态与社会文化的综合效益评价、居民感知评价、多学科体系交叉研究等方面,更好地提升生态修复效果与生态空间品质。