mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Surface reactive species on MnO_x(0.4)-CeO_2 catalysts towards soot oxidation assisted with pulse dielectric barrier discharge

MnO_x(0.4)-CeO_2 was investigated for soot oxidation assisted with a pulse dielectric barrier discharge (DBD). The catalysts were evaluated and characterized with TPO (temperature programmed oxidation), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The ignition temperature Ti for soot oxidation decreased from 240.8 to 216.4 ℃ with the increase of the pulse DBD frequencies from 50 to 400 Hz, lower than that of the case without pulse DBD present (253.4 ℃). The results of XRD, Raman and XPS agreed well with the TPO activities of MnO_x(0.4)-CeO_2 towards soot oxidation. More solid solution of ceria and manganese, and surface reactive species including O~(2-), O~- and Mn~(4+) were responsible for the enhancement of soot oxidation due to pulse DBD injection in the present study. For solid solution favors to the activation and transformation of those species, which are believed to be involved in the soot oxidation in a hybrid catalysis-plasma.
爱丁堡大学《护理中的关爱与情绪劳动》授课及对我国护理教学的启示

介绍爱丁堡大学护理本科生<护理中的关爱与情绪劳动>课程的内容、教学方法、考评方式等.结合我国护理教学情况提出在本科护理教学中应拓展教学内容、改革教学方法,突出护理学科的人文性与整体性特点,以提高护生综合能力.
自制低钠风险评估表在慢性心力衰竭患者饮食教育中的应用

目的根据慢性充血性心力衰竭患者的情况正确给予饮食指导,预防低钠血症.方法参考相关文献自制低钠血症风险评估表,根据评估结果制定合理的饮食方案及实施健康教育.结果根据低钠风险评估表的结果对患者进行相关健康教育后,患者低钠血症发生率显著降低,饮食相关知识掌握度显著提升(均P<0.01).结论对慢性充血性心力衰竭患者实施针对性的饮食健康教育可有效防御低钠血症的发生.
糖尿病足护理师培训现状及思考

综述糖尿病足护理师培训现状,包括糖尿病足护理师的定义和国内外培训现状.提出建立合格的糖尿病足护理师资队伍及改进教学方法的对策,旨在为提高我国糖尿病足护理水平提供参考.
Generalized Kutta-Joukowski theorem for multi-vortex and multi-airfoil flow (a lumped vortex model)

For purpose of easy identification of the role of free vortices on the lift and drag and for purpose of fast or engineering evaluation of forces for each individual body, we will extend in this paper the Kutta-Joukowski (KJ) theorem to the case of inviscid flow with multiple free vortices and multiple airfoils. The major simplification used in this paper is that each airfoil is represented by a lumped vortex, which may hold true when the distances between vortices and bodies are large enough. It is found that the Kutta-Joukowski theorem still holds provided that the local freestream velocity and the circulation of the bound vortex are modified by the induced velocity due to the out-side vortices and airfoils. We will demonstrate how to use the present result to identify the role of vortices on the forces according to their position, strength and rotation direction. Moreover, we will apply the present results to a two-cylinder example of Crowdy and the Wagner example to demon-strate how to perform fast force approximation for multi-body and multi-vortex problems. The lumped vortex assumption has the advantage of giving such kinds of approximate results which are very easy to use. The lack of accuracy for such a fast evaluation will be compensated by a rig-orous extension, with the lumped vortex assumption removed and with vortex production included, in a forthcoming paper.
A salient edges detection algorithm of multi-sensor images and its rapid calculation based on PFCM kernel clustering

Multi-sensor image matching based on salient edges has broad prospect in applications, but it is difficult to extract salient edges of real multi-sensor images with noises fast and accurately by using common algorithms. According to the analysis of the features of salient edges, a novel salient edges detection algorithm and its rapid calculation are proposed based on possibility fuzzy C-means (PFCM) kernel clustering using two-dimensional vectors composed of the values of gray and texture. PFCM clustering can overcome the shortcomings that fuzzy C-means (FCM) cluster-ing is sensitive to noises and possibility C-means (PCM) clustering tends to find identical clusters. On this basis, a method is proposed to improve real-time performance by compressing data sets based on the idea of data reduction in the field of mathematical analysis. In addition, the idea that kernel-space is linearly separable is used to enhance robustness further. Experimental results show that this method extracts salient edges for real multi-sensor images with noises more accurately than the algorithm based on force fields and the FCM algorithm;and the proposed method is on average about 56 times faster than the PFCM algorithm in real time and has better robustness.
影响半径稳定井流模型与可持续开采量:地下水动力学一个基本理论问题的分歧再讨论--对薛禹群院士讨论的答复

薛禹群院士在本人的“商榷”发表后的1年2个月给出了答复,随即笔者在之后的第2个月(2011年11月27日)就将本文发出,经与编辑部几次的沟通、修改后,最终定稿。为方便起见,本文(按时序)将《薛教材》、《陈教材》、《商榷》和《答复》分别指文献[1-4]。
Co-Treatment of EFF and 1-MCP for Enhancing the Shelf-Life and Aroma Volatile Compounds of Oriental Sweet Melons (Cucumis melo var. makuwa Makino)

Compared to other melon types, oriental sweet melon (Cucumis melo var. makuwa Makino) is quite a different species with a shorter shelf-life due to its typical climacteric behavior and thin pericarp. The purpose of this experiment is to explore the effects of co-treatment of enhanced freshness formulation (EFF) and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on physiological changes and the content of aroma volatile compounds introduced by them of two oriental sweet melon cultivars (Yumeiren and Tianbao) during storage. The melons were stored in incubators with temperature of 15°C and a relative humidity of 85%for 24 d during which fruit quality and related physiological index were measured. Compared to the control, both treatments delayed fruit weight loss rate and kept the fruit ifrmness, water content and soluble solids content. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activities showed lfuctuations in treated melons, while lipoxygenase (LOX) activity (P<0.01) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content (P<0.05) decreased compared to control. During the early stage of storage, alcohols and aldehydes were the main volatile compounds, and esters gradually increased during storage. Of all the esters, acetic esters were the main components, followed by oxalic acid esters and other esters. The total content of aroma volatile compounds, esters, alcohols and aldehydes of co-treated melons were all higher than those of 1-MCP treated and control melons. In addition, the aroma volatile peak of co-treated melons occurred later than that of 1-MCP treated and control melons. In summary, co-treatment of EFF and 1-MCP was more beneifcial than 1-MCP treatment to delay ripening and senescence, maintain fruit quality, enhance shelf-life and improve levels of aroma volatile compounds.
Mathematical Modeling and Effect of Various Hot-Air Drying on Mushroom (Lentinus edodes)

An experimental study was performed to determine the characteristics and drying process of mushroom (Lentinus edodes) by 6 different hot-air drying methods namely isothermal drying, uniform raise drying, non-uniform raise drying, uniform intermittent drying, non-uniform intermittent drying and combined drying. The chemical composition (dry matter, ash, crude protein, crude fat, total sugars, dietary ifber, and energy), color parameters (L, a~*, b~*, c~*, and h~0) and rehydration capacities were determined. Among all the experiments, non-uniform intermittent drying reached a better comprehensive results due to the higher chemical composition, better color quality associated with high bright (26.381±5.842), high color tone (73.670±2.975), low chroma (13.349±3.456) as well as the highest rehydration (453.76%weigh of dried body). Nine kinds of classical mathematical model were used to obtained moisture data and the Midili-kucuk model can be described by the drying process with the coefifcient (R~2 ranged from 0.99790 to 0.99967), chi-square (χ~2 ranged from 0.00003 to 0.00019) and root mean square error (RMSE ranged from 0.000486 to 0.0012367).
Soil Quality Assessment of Acid Sulfate Paddy Soils with Different Productivities in Guangdong Province, China

Land conversion is considered an effective measure to ensure national food security in China, but little information is available on the quality of low productivity soils, in particular those in acid sulfate soil regions. In our study, acid sulfate paddy soils were divided into soils with high, medium and low levels based on local rice productivity, and 60 soil samples were collected for analysis. Twenty soil variables including physical, chemical and biochemical properties were determined. Those variables that were signiifcantly different between the high, medium and low productivity soils were selected for principal component analysis, and microbial biomass carbon (MBC), total nitrogen (TN), available silicon (ASi), pH and available zinc (AZn) were retained in the minimum data set (MDS). After scoring the MDS variables, they were integrated to calculate a soil quality index (SQI), and the high, medium and low productivity paddy soils received mean SQI scores of 0.95, 0.83 and 0.60, respectively. Low productivity paddy soils showed worse soil quality, and a large discrepancy was observed between the low and high productivity paddy soils. Lower MBC, TN, ASi, pH and available K (AK) were considered as the primary limiting factors. Additionally, all the soil samples collected were rich in available P and AZn, but deifcient in AK and ASi. The results suggest that soil AK and ASi deifciencies were the main limiting factors for all the studied acid sulfate paddy soil regions. The application of K and Si on a national basis and other sustainable management approaches are suggested to improve rice productivity, especially for low productivity paddy soils. Our results indicated that there is a large potential for increasing productivity and producing more cereals in acid sulfate paddy soil regions.
Development of SSR Markers for a Phytopathogenic Fungus, Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici, Using a FIASCO Protocol

Simple sequence repeats (SSR) have been widely used as molecular markers due to their abundance and high polymorphism. However, up to now, the SSR markers had not been developed in the obligate biotrophic phytopathogenic fungus, Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici. From (AC)_(10) and (AG)_(10) enriched genomic libraries for Bgt, 25 primer pairs were designed using the FIASCO (fast isolation by AFLP of sequences containing repeats) protocol. Five primer pairs exhibited polymorphism with allelic diversity from two to seven alleles and produced 29 alleles in a survey of 90 isolates collected from six provinces (cities) in China, while the others displayed monomorphic. Levels of observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.000-0.044 (mean 0.025) and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.297-0.816 (mean 0.538). These molecular markers provide a novel source to genetic diversity assays and to genetic and physical mapping of Bgt. SSR markers of Bgt need to be further explored.
The Estimation of Soil Trace Elements Distribution and Soil-Plant-Animal Continuum in Relation to Trace Elements Status of Sheep in Huangcheng Area of Qilian Mountain Grassland, China

The purpose of the present study was to survey contents of trace elements of Cu, Mn, Fe, and Zn in the surface layer (0-20 cm) in the soil, pasture and serum of sheep in Huangcheng area of Qilian mountain grassland, China. Also the soil-plant-animal continuum was analyzed. Soil (n=300), pasture (n=60), and blood serum samples from sheep (n=480) were collected from Huangcheng area of Qilian mountain grassland, China. The contents of trace element in the samples were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer after digestion. The soil trace elements density distribution shows a ladder-like pattern distribution. Equations developed in the present study for prediction of Fe (R~2=0.943) and Zn (R~2=0.882) had significant R2 values.
Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate and Ratio on Lodging Resistance of Super Rice with Different Genotypes

The objective of this study was to determine the morphology mechanism of nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates and ratio on lodging resistance through analying its effects among lodging index (LI), lodging-related morphological traits and physical strength in basal internodes by comparing japonica and indica super rice cultivars. Field experiments, with three nitrogen levels (0, 150 and 300 kg ha~(-1)) and two ratios of basal to topdressing (8:2 and 5:5) with two super rice cultivars (Yliangyou 2 and Wuyunjing 23), were conducted in the Baolin Farm, Danyang Country, Jiangsu Province, China, in 2011 and 2012. Effects of N fertilizer rates and ratios on morphology of whole plant, morphology traits in basal internodes and culm’s physical strength parameters were investigated at 20 d after full heading stage. LI of Yliangyou 2 was signiifcant greater than that of Wuyunjing 23 due to larger bending moment by whole plant (WP) with higher plant height and gravity center height. With higher volume of N fertilizer, LI of two super rice cultivars was increased conspicuously. However, no signiifcant effect was detected with increase of panicle fertilizer ratio. The size of breaking strength (M) in basal internodes was the key factor determining LI among N fertilizer treatments. Correlation analysis revealed that M value was positively related bending stress (BS) of Wuyunjing 23 and section modulus (Z) of Yliangyou 2, respectively. The higher N fertilizer levels induced reduction of BS of Wuyunjing 23 due to weak culm and leaf sheath plumpness status and reduced Z of Yliangyou 2 owning to small diameter and culm wall thickness, consequently, inlfuencing their M indirectly. These results suggested that breaking strength was the key factor inlfuencing LI with increase of N fertilizer levels. However, the lodging-related morphology mechanism was different with genotypes. Culm wall thickness and diameter in basal internodes of indica super rice and culm and leaf sheath plumpness status of japonica super rice inlfuenced breaking strength, as well as lodging index, respectively.
QTLs for Waterlogging Tolerance at Germination and Seedling Stages in Population of Recombinant Inbred Lines Derived from a Cross Between Synthetic and Cultivated Wheat Genotypes

Waterlogging is a widespread limiting factor for wheat production throughout the world. To identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with waterlogging tolerance at early stages of growth, survival rate (SR), germination rate index (GRI), leaf chlorophyll content index (CCI), root length index (RLI), plant height index (PHI), root dry weight index (RDWI), shoot dry weight index (SDWI), and total dry weight index (DWI) were assessed using the International Triticeae Mapping Initiative (ITMI) population W7984/Opata85. Significant and positive correlations were detected for all traits in this population except RLI. A total of 32 QTLs were associated with waterlogging tolerance on all chromosomes except 3A, 3D, 4B, 5A, 5D, 6A, and 6D. Some of the QTLs explained large proportions of the phenotypic variance. One of these is the QTL for GRI on 7A, which explained 23.92% of the phenotypic variation. Of them, 22 alleles from the synthetic hexaploid wheat W7984 contributed positively. These results suggested that synthetic hexaploid wheat W7984 is an important genetic resource for waterlogging tolerance in wheat. These alleles conferring waterlogging tolerance at early stages of growth in wheat could be utilized in wheat breeding for improving waterlogging tolerance.
Selection of radio astronomical observation sites and its dependence on human generated RFI

We investigate the influence of population density on radio-frequency interference (RFI) affecting radio astronomy. We use a new method to quantify the threshold of population density in order to determine the most suitable lower limit for site selection of a radio quiet zone (RQZ). We found that there is a certain trend in the population density-RFI graph that increases rapidly at lower values and slows down to almost flat at higher values. We use this trend to identify the thresholds for population density that produce RFI. Using this method we found that, for frequencies up to 2.8 GHz, low, medium and high population densities affecting radio astronomy are below 150 ppl km~(-2),between 150 ppl km~(-2) and 5125 ppl km~(-2), and above 5125 ppl km~(-2) respectively. We also investigate the effect of population density on the environment of RFI in three astronomical windows, namely the deuterium, hydrogen and hydroxyl lines. We find that a polynomial fitting to the population density produces a similar trend, giving similar thresholds for the effect of population density. We then compare our interference values to the standard threshold levels used by the International Telecommunication Union within these astronomical windows.
Influence of sulfides on the tribological properties of composites produced by pulse electric current sintering

Self-lubricating Al_2O_3-15wt%ZrO_2 composites with sulfides, such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS_2) and tungsten disulfide (WS2) serving as solid lubricants, were fabricated by using the pulse electric current sintering (PECS) technique. The coefficient of friction (COF) of the Al_2O_3-15wt%ZrO_2 composite without/with sulfides was in the range of 0.37-0.48 and 0.27-0.49, respectively. As the amount of sul-fides increased, the COF and the wear rate decreased. The reduction in COF and wear rate of the sulfide-containing composite is caused by a reduction in shear stresses between the specimen and the tribological medium due to the formation of a lubricating film resulting from the lamellar structure of sulfides located on the worn surface.
Membership determination of open cluster NGC 188 based on the DBSCAN clustering algorithm

High-precision proper motions and radial velocities of 1046 stars are used to determine member stars using three-dimensional (3D) kinematics for open cluster NGC 188 based on the density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) clustering algorithm. By implementing this algorithm, 472 member stars in the cluster are obtained with 3D kinematics. The color-magnitude diagram (CMD) of the 472 member stars using 3D kinematics shows a well-defined main sequence and a red giant branch, which indicate that the DBSCAN clustering algorithm is very effective for membership determination. The DBSCAN clustering algorithm can effectively select probable member stars in 3D kinematic space without any assumption about the distribution of the cluster or field stars. Analysis results show that the CMD of member stars is significantly clearer than the one based on 2D kinematics, which allows us to better constrain the cluster members and estimate their physical parameters. Using the 472 member stars, the average absolute proper motion and radial velocity are determined to be (PM_α, PM_δ) = (-2.58 ± 0.22,+0.17 ± 0.18) mas yr~(-1) and V_r = -42.35 ± 0.05 km s~(-1), respectively. Our values are in good agreement with values derived by other authors.
Genomic regions underlying agronomic traits in linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) as revealed by association mapping

The extreme climate of the Canadian Prairies poses a major chal enge to improve yield. Although it is possible to breed for yield per se, focusing on yield-related traits could be advantageous because of their simpler genetic architecture. The Canadian flax core col ection of 390 accessions was genotyped with 464 simple sequence repeat markers, and phenotypic data for nine agronomic traits including yield, bol s per area, 1,000 seed weight, seeds per bol, start of flowering, end of flowering, plant height, plant branching, and lodging col ected from up to eight environments was used for association mapping. Based on a mixed model (principal component analysis (PCA) t kinship matrix (K)), 12 significant marker-trait associations for six agronomic traits were identi-fied. Most of the associations were stable across environments as revealed by multivariate analyses. Statistical simulation for five markers associated with 1000 seed weight indicated that the favorable al eles have additive effects. None of the modern cultivars carried the five favorable al eles and the maximum number of four observed in any accessions was mostly in breeding lines. Our results confirmed the complex genetic architecture of yield-related traits and the inherent difficulties associated with their identification while il ustrating the potential for improvement through marker-assisted selection.
Improvement of plant abiotic stress tolerance through modulation of the polyamine pathway

Polyamines (mainly putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd), and spermine (Spm)) have been widely found in a range of physiological processes and in almost all diverse environmental stresses. In various plant species, abiotic stresses modulated the accumulation of polyamines and related gene expression. Studies using loss-of-function mutants and transgenic overexpression plants modulating polyamine metabolic pathways confirmed protective roles of polyamines during plant abiotic stress responses, and indicated the possibility to improve plant tolerance through genetic manipulation of the polyamine pathway. Additionally, putative mechanisms of polyamines involved in plant abiotic stress tolerance were thoroughly discussed and crosstalks among polyamine, abscisic acid, and nitric oxide in plant responses to abiotic stress were emphasized. Special attention was paid to the interaction between polyamine and reactive oxygen species, ion channels, amino acid and carbon metabolism, and other adaptive responses. Further studies are needed to elucidate the polyamine signaling pathway, especially polyamine-regulated downstream targets and the connections between polyamines and other stress responsive molecules.
Genome-wide patterns of large-size presence/absence variants in sorghum

The presence/absence variants (PAVs) are a major source of genome structural variation and have profound effects on phenotypic and genomic variation in animals and humans. However, little is understood about PAVs in plant genomes. Our previous resequencing effort on three sorghum (Sorghum bicolour L.) genomes, each 12× coverage, uncovered 5 364 PAVs. Here, we report a detailed characterization of 51 large-size (>30 kb) PAVs. These PAVs spanned a total size of 2.92 Mb of the sorghum genome containing 202 known and predicted genes, including 38 genes annotated to encode celldeath and stress response genes. The PAVs varied considerably for repeat sequences and mobile elements with DNA trans-posons as the major components. The frequency and distribution of these PAVs differed substantial y across 96 sorghum inbred lines, and the low-and high frequency PAVs differed in their gene categories. This report shed new light on the occurrence and diversity of PAVs in sorghum genomes. Our research exemplifies a new perspective to explore genome structural variation for genetic improvement in plant breeding.
体质量指数与急性呼吸窘迫综合征相关性临床研究

目的探讨体质量指数(BMI)与入住重症监护室(ICU)患者肺损伤程度的相关性。方法将该院84例入ICU时诊断为急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)按BMI分为两组,A组49例,B组35例。记录两组患者治疗前7 d动脉血气结果、气管插管率、ICU停留时间、病死率等临床资料。结果从第3天开始,B组患者氧和指数显著低于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05);呼吸支持治疗上,A组12.24%患者在ICU内接受气管插管,B组20%患者行气管内插管7例,组间差异有统计学意义(P< 0.05);A组ICU平均停留时间4. 5 d、病死率8. 16%;B组ICU平均停留时间7. 2 d;病死率17. 14%,二者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论高BMI患者发生ARDS后,氧饱和度差,且需要更大呼吸支持力度,同时在ICU内停留时间及病死率均高于正常BMI患者。
老年系统性血管炎患者sCD146、sVCAM-l及TNF-α水平的临床意义

目的动态检测老年系统性血管炎患者血浆可溶性CD146(sCD146)、可溶性血管细胞黏附分子-1(sVCAM-l)及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平,探讨其在老年系统性血管炎发病机制中的意义。方法收集该院2009年1月至2011年12月收治的老年系统性血管炎患者49例作为观察组,40例健康体检者为对照组。采用ELISA检测患者血浆中sCD146、sVCAM-l及TNF-α水平,并分析其与系统性血管炎患者的病程、年龄、血沉(ESR)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、血肌酐(sCr)、补体(CH50)、抗中性粒细胞抗体(ANCA)的相关性。结果观察组患者血浆sCD146、sVCAM-l及TNF-α水平均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05);观察组治疗后血浆sCD146及sVCAM-1水平均显著降低,治疗好转组降低更为显著,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05);TNF-α水平在治疗前后变化差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组治疗前sCD146及sVCAM-1水平与年龄、sCr及ANCA水平呈明显正相关(P<0. 05)。结论 sCD146及sVCAM-1可作为系统性血管炎临床诊断的标志分子。
有精神病性症状抑郁症的动力取向治疗

目的介绍对有精神病性症状的抑郁症患者采取动力取向治疗的过程和方法。方法对符合CCMD-3有精神病性症状抑郁症的诊断标准的患者采取动力取向治疗。结果采用动力取向治疗对有精神病性症状的抑郁症患者有较好的理解和疗效。结论在治疗有精神病性症状的抑郁症患者中,动力取向治疗值得应用和进一步地研究。
氨磺必利治疗76例精神分裂症的临床研究

目的了解国产氨磺必利治疗精神分裂症的疗效及安全性。方法对76例精神分裂症患者分为国产氨磺必利片(研究组)或利培酮片(对照组)治疗,观察疗程为8周。于入组时及治疗后第2、4、6、8周末,采用阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)进行疗效评估。在治疗前和试验结束时,用不良反应症状量表(TESS)、心电图、血生化检查等进行安全性评估。结果研究组有效率为75.0%,对照组为72.5%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。PANSS评分显示,研究组阴性症状分比对照组减低更明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0. 05),氨磺必利导致体质量增加发生率更少。结论国产氨磺必利治疗精神分裂症的疗效与利培酮相当,对阴性症状疗效更明显,两药安全性较好。