mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴与精神分裂症的关系

应激被定义为一种体内平衡不协调或内环境稳定受到威胁的状态,可引起生理和行为上的适应性反应,这些反应是特定应激源引起的特异性反应或非特异性反应。应激主要可分为生理性和心理性应激,对大脑的功能和结构,以及整个机体系统都有显著影响。机体通过下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal,HPA)轴和交感神经系统的介导对应激产生生物学反应。HPA轴亢进在抑郁发病机制中的作用是业界公认的假说,近年来研究证据表明,精神分裂症也与应激引起的HPA轴异常有关,而这种异常可能同时促进代谢综合征在精神分裂症人群中的发生。本文将从HPA轴的生理机能、精神分裂症患者的HPA轴功能、HPA轴异常对其中枢神经系统和外周组织代谢的影响、抗精神病药物对HPA轴的作用这几个方面简述HPA轴与精神分裂症的关系。
Effect of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) on the morphology and physical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)/sodium montmorillonite nanocomposite films

Nanocomposites of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and sodium montmorillonite (Na~+MMT) were prepared by solution mixing and then cast into films. X-ray diffraction analysis and images of transmission electron microscopy establish the formation of PVA/Na~+MMT intercalated nanocomposite. Exfoliated and highly intercalated PVA/PVP/Na~+MMT nanocomposite formed in the presence of PVP. Inclusion of PVP in PVA/Na~+MMT matrix enhances the hydrogen bonding interactions between PVA and Na~+MMT and thus increases the mechanical properties and thermal stability of PVA/PVP/Na~+MMT nanocomposites compared to PVA/Na~+MMT nanocomposite. The interactions between PVA, PVP and Na~+MMT were established by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The moisture absorption tendency of both the PVA and PVA/PVP films reduced after the incorporation of Na~+MMT at 75% constant relative humidity. Differential scanning calorimetry studies show that the presence of PVP and Na~+MMT both are responsible for reducing the heat of fusion, and crystallinity of PVA. The flow behavior of the PVA, PVA/PVP and its nanocomposite solutions has been also studied. Water vapor permeability of PVA/PVP/Na~+MMT composite films decreased in the presence of nanoclay due to increasing tortuous paths for diffusion.
减速机报废地脚螺栓的电弧焊修复

针对减速机中报废地脚螺栓的电弧焊修复问题，提出了定位支架确定修复螺栓位置，采用E4303系列焊条实施多层多道焊，利用镜子反光焊接“死角”，实施交叉施焊等措施，取得了理想的焊接修复效果。
316L不锈钢热水柜筒体环缝的组合焊接

针对万吨级以上远洋货轮上系列产品(CAL1000L)不锈钢316L热水柜筒体环缝的焊接问题，采用国产天泰焊材取代瑞典产TS-316L，运用手工钨极氩弧焊打底、焊条电弧焊盖面的组合焊法取代单纯焊条电弧焊，不仅顺利通过第三方(船级社)认证，而且降低生产成本，提高用户满意率，得到瑞典总部大力表扬.
数控机床断裂齿轮轮齿的焊接修复

采用焊条电弧焊对数控机床断裂齿轮轮齿进行修复，用金相显微镜对焊接接头的微观组织进行了分析，并测试了修复后轮齿表面的硬度.结果表明:该轮齿材料的焊接性差，容易产生冷裂纹和热裂纹；焊接时应采取小线能量、预热、缓冷或后热措施；焊缝的组织为下贝氏体；修复后轮齿表面的硬度为59HRC，达到使用要求.
Root proliferation in native perennial grasses of arid Patagonia, Argentina

Pappophorum vaginatum is the most abundant C_4 perennial grass desirable to livestock in rangelands of northeastern Patagonia, Argentina. We hypothesized that (1) defoliation reduce net primary productivity, and root length density and weight in the native species, and (2) root net primary productivity, and root length density and weight, are greater in P. vaginatum than in the other, less desirable, native species (i.e., Aristida spegazzinii, A. subulata and Sporobolus cryptandrus). Plants of all species were either exposed or not to a severe defoliation twice a year during two growing seasons. Root proliferation was measured using the cylinder method. Cylindrical, iron structures, wrapped up using nylon mesh, were buried diagonally from the periphery to the center on individual plants. These structures, initially filled with soil without any organic residue, were dug up from the soil on 25 April 2008, after two successive defoliations in mid-spring 2007. During the second growing season (2008-2009), cylinders were destructively harvested on 4 April 2009, after one or two defoliations in mid- and/or late-spring, respectively. Roots grown into the cylinders were obtained after washing the soil manually. Defoliation during two successive years did reduce the study variables only after plants of all species were defoliated twice, which supported the first hypothesis. The greater root net primary productivity, root length density and weight in P. vaginatum than in the other native species, in support of the second hypothesis, could help to explain its greater abundance in rangelands of Argentina.
Changes in carbon dioxide emissions and LMDI-based impact factor decomposition: the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region as a case

Studies on carbon dioxide (CO_2) emissions at provincial level can provide a scientific basis for the optimal use of energy and the formulation of CO_2 reduction policies. We studied the variation of CO_2 emissions of primary energy consumption and its influencing factors based on data in Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region from 1952 to 2008, which were calculated according to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. Xinjiang's CO_2 emission process from 1952 to 2008 could be divided into five stages according to the growth rates of total amount of CO_2 emissions and CO_2 emission intensity. The impact factors were quantitatively analyzed using Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) method in each stage. Various factors, including government policies and technological progress related to the role of CO_2 emissions, were comprehensively analyzed, and the internal relationships among various factors were clarified. The results show that the contribution rates of various impact factors are different in each stage. Overall, economic growth and energy consumption intensity were the main driving factors for CO_2 emissions. Since the implementation of the birth control policy, the driving force of population growth on the increase in CO_2 emissions has slowly weakened. The energy consumption intensity was further affected by the industrial structure and energy consumption intensity of primary, secondary and tertiary industries, with the energy consumption intensity of the secondary industries and the proportion of secondary industries being the most important factors affecting the energy consumption intensity. Governmental policies and technological progress were also important factors that affected CO_2 emissions.
Sensitivity of Precipitation in Aqua-Planet Experiments with an AGCM

The sensitivity of precipitation was studied by conducting control aqua-planet experiments (APEs) with a model to determine atmospheric general circulation. The model includes two versions: that with a spectral dynamical core (SAMIL) and that with a finite-volume dynamical core (FAMIL). Three factors were investigated including dynamical core, time-step length, and horizontal resolution. Numerical results show that the dynamical core significantly affects the structure of zonal averaged precipitation. FAMIL exhibited an equatorial precipitation belt with a single narrow peak, and SAMIL showed a broader belt with double peaks. Moreover, the time step of the model physics is shown to affect the zonal-averaged tropical convective precipitation ratio such that a longer time step leads to more production and consumption of convective available potential energy and convection initiated away from the equator, which corresponds to equatorial double peaks of precipitation. Further, precipitation is determined to be sensitive to horizontal resolution such that higher horizontal resolution allows for more small-scale kinetic energy to be resolved and leads to a broader probability distribution of low-level vertical velocity. This process results in heavier rainfall and convective precipitation extremes in the tropics.
Prediction of chlorophyll a concentration using HJ-1 satellite imagery for Xiangxi Bay in Three Gorges Reservoir

Since the impoundment of the Three Gorges Reservoir in 2003, algal blooms have frequently been observed in it. The chlorophyll a concentration is an important parameter for evaluating algal blooms. In this study, the chlorophyll a concentration in Xiangxi Bay, in the Three Gorges Reservoir, was predicted using HJ-1 satellite imagery. Several models were established based on a correlation analysis between in situ measurements of the chlorophyll a concentration and the values obtained from satellite images of the study area from January 2010 to December 2011. Chlorophyll a concentrations in Xiangxi Bay were predicted based on the established models. The results show that the maximum correlation is between the reflectance of the band combination of B4/(B2+B3) and in situ measurements of chlorophyll a concentration. The root mean square errors of the predicted values using the linear and quadratic models are 18.49 mg/m~3 and 18.52 mg/m~3, respectively, and the average relative errors are 37.79% and 36.79%, respectively. The results provide a reference for water bloom prediction in typical tributaries of the Three Gorges Reservoir and contribute to large-scale remote sensing monitoring and water quality management.
Optimization of InAs/GaAs quantum-dot structures and application to 1.3-μm mode-locked laser diodes

The self-assembled growth of InAs/GaAs quantum dots by molecular beam epitaxy is conducted by optimizing several growth parameters, using a one-step interruption method after island formation. The dependence of photoluminescence on areal quantum-dot density is systematically investigated as a function of InAs deposition, growth temperature and arsenic pressure. The results of this investigation along with time-resolved photoluminescence measurements show that the combination of a growth temperature of 490 ℃, with a deposition rate of 0.02 ML/s, under an arsenic pressure of 1×10~(-6) Torr (1 Torr = 1.33322×10~2 Pa), provides the best compromise between high density and the photoluminescence of quantum dot structure, with a radiative lifetime of 780 ps. The applicability of this 5-layer quantum dot structure to high-repetition-rate pulsed lasers is demonstrated with the fabrication and characterization of a monolithic InAs/GaAs quantum-dot passively mode-locked laser operating at nearly 1300 nm. Picosecond pulse generation is achieved from a two-section laser, with a ~ 19.7-GHz repetition rate.
On the modeling of synchronized flow in cellular automaton models

In this paper, we further analyze our cellular automaton (CA) traffic flow model. By changing some parameters, the characteristics of our model can be significantly varied, ranging from the features of phase transitions to the number of traffic phases. We also review the other CA models based on Kerner’s three-phase traffic theory. By comparisons, we find that the core concepts for modeling the synchronized flow in these models are similar. Our model can be a good candidate for modeling the synchronized flow, since there is enough flexibility in our framework.
Dynamical Casimir effect in superradiant light scattering by Bose Einstein condensate in an optomechanical cavity

We investigate the effects of dynamical Casimir effect in superradiant light scattering by Bose–Einstein condensate in an optomechanical cavity. The system is studied using both classical and quantized mirror motions. The cavity frequency is harmonically modulated in time for both the cases. The main quantity of interest is the number of intracavity scattered photons. The system has been investigated under the weak and strong modulations. It has been observed that the amplitude of the scattered photons is more for the classical mirror motion than the quantized mirror motion. Also, initially, the amplitude of scattered photons is high for lower modulation amplitude than higher modulation amplitude. We also found that the behavior of the plots are similar under strong and weak modulations for the quantized mirror motion.
Energy band alignment at ferroelectric/electrode interface determined by photoelectron spectroscopy

The most important interface-related quantities determined by band alignment are the barrier heights for charge transport, given by the Fermi level position at the interface. Taking Pb(Zr,Ti)O_3 (PZT) as a typical ferroelectric material and applying X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), we briefly review the interface formation and barrier heights at the interfaces between PZT and electrodes made of various metals or conductive oxides. Polarization dependence of the Schottky barrier height at a ferroelectric/electrode interface is also directly observed using XPS.
Tunable ultra-wideband terahertz filter based on three-dimensional arrays of H-shaped plasmonic crystals

A face-to-face system of double-layer three-dimensional arrays of H-shaped plasmonic crystals is proposed, and its transmission and filtering properties are investigated in the terahertz regime. Simulation results show that our design has excellent filtering properties. It has an ultra-wide bandgap and passband with steep band-edges, and the transmittance of the passband and the forbidden band are very close to 1 and 0, respectively. As the distance between the two face-to-face plates increases, the resonance frequency exhibits a gradual blueshift from 0.88 THz to 1.30 THz. Therefore, we can dynamically control the bandwidths of bandgap and passband by adding a piezoelectric ceramic plate between the two crystal plates. Furthermore, the dispersion relations of modes and electric field distributions are presented to analyze the generation mechanisms of bandgaps and to explain the location of bandgaps and the frequency shift phenomenon. Due to the fact that our design can provide many resonant modes, the bandwidth of the bandgaps can be greatly broadened. This paper can serve as a valuable reference for the design of terahertz functional devices and three-dimensional terahertz metamaterials.
Controllable beating signal using stored light pulse

We experimentally study the controllable generation of a beating signal using stored light pulses based on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a solid medium. The beating signal relies on an asymmetric procedure of light storage and retrieval. After storing the probe pulse into the spin coherence under the EIT condition, two-color control fields with opposite detunings instead of the initial control field are used to scatter the stored spin coherence. The controllable beating signal is generated due to alternative constructive and destructive interferences in the retrieved signal intensities. The beating of the two-color control fields is mapped into the beating of weak probe fields by using atomic spin coherence. This beating signal will be important in precise atomic spectroscopy and fast quantum limited measurements.
Gradient method for blind chaotic signal separation based on proliferation exponent

A new method to perform blind separation of chaotic signals is articulated in this paper, which takes advantage of the underlying features in the phase space for identifying various chaotic sources. Without incorporating any prior information about the source equations, the proposed algorithm can not only separate the mixed signals in just a few iterations, but also outperforms the fast independent component analysis (FastICA) method when noise contamination is considerable.
Distributed wireless quantum communication networks with partially entangled pairs

Wireless quantum communication networks transfer quantum state by teleportation. Existing research focuses on maximal entangled pairs. In this paper, we analyse the distributed wireless quantum communication networks with partially entangled pairs. A quantum routing scheme with multi-hop teleportation is proposed. With the proposed scheme, is not necessary for the quantum path to be consistent with the classical path. The quantum path and its associated classical path are established in a distributed way. Direct multi-hop teleportation is conducted on the selected path to transfer a quantum state from the source to the destination. Based on the feature of multi-hop teleportation using partially entangled pairs, if the node number of the quantum path is even, the destination node will add another teleportation at itself. We simulated the performance of distributed wireless quantum communication networks with a partially entangled state. The probability of transferring the quantum state successfully is statistically analyzed. Our work shows that multi-hop teleportation on distributed wireless quantum networks with partially entangled pairs is feasible.
Mechanisms for flowering plants to benefit arthropod natural enemies of insect pests: Prospects for enhanced use in agriculture

Reduction of noncrop habitats, intensive use of pesticides and high levels of disturbance associated with intensive crop production simplify the farming landscape and bring about a sharp decline of biodiversity. This, in turn, weakens the biological control ecosystem service provided by arthropod natural enemies. Strategic use of flowering plants to enhance plant biodiversity in a well-targeted manner can provide natural enemies with food sources and shelter to improve biological control and reduce dependence on chemical pesticides. This article reviews the nutritional value of various types of plant-derived food for natural enemies, possible adverse effects on pest management, and the practical application of flowering plants in orchards, vegetables and field crops, agricultural systems where most research has taken place. Prospects for more effective use of flowering plants to maximize biological control of insect pests in agroecosystem are good but depend up on selection of optimal plant species based on information on the ecological mechanisms by which natural enemies are selectively favored over pest species.
Developing Bi-CG and Bi-CR Methods to Solve Generalized Sylvester-transpose Matrix Equations

The bi-conjugate gradients (Bi-CG) and bi-conjugate residual (Bi-CR) methods are powerful tools for solving nonsymmetric linear systems Ax = b. By using Kronecker product and vectorization operator, this paper develops the Bi-CG and Bi-CR methods for the solution of the generalized Sylvester-transpose matrix equation Σ_(i=1)~p(A_iXB_i + C_iX~TD_i) = E (including Lyapunov, Sylvester and Sylvester-transpose matrix equations as special cases). Numerical results validate that the proposed algorithms are much more efficient than some existing algorithms.
Remediation of nutrient-rich waters using the terrestrial plant, Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb

Effective control of eutrophication is generally established through the reduction of nutrient loading into waterways and water bodies. An economically viable and ecologically sustainable approach to nutrient pollution control could involve the integration of retention ponds, wetlands and greenways into water management systems. Plants not only play an invaluable role in the assimilation and removal of nutrients, but they also support fauna richness and can be aesthetically pleasing. Pandanus amaryllifolius, a tropical terrestrial plant, was found to establish well in hydrophytic conditions and was highly effective in remediating high nutrient levels in an aquatic environment showing 100% removal of NO_3~- -N up to 200 mg/L in 14 days. Phosphate uptake by the plant was less efficient with 64% of the PO_4~? -P removed at the maximum concentration of 100 mg/L at the end of 6 weeks. With its high NO_3~? -N and PO_3~- 4 -P removal efficiency, P. amaryllifolius depleted the nutrient-rich media and markedly contained the natural colonization of algae. The impediment of algal growth led to improvements in the water quality with significant decreases in turbidity, pH and electrical conductivity. In addition, the plants did not show stress symptoms when grown in high nutrient levels as shown by the changes in their biomass, total soluble proteins and chlorophyll accumulation as well as photochemical efficiency. Thus, P. amaryllifolius is a potential candidate for the mitigation of nutrient pollution in phytoremediation systems in the tropics as the plant requires low maintenance, is tolerant to the natural variability of weather conditions and fluctuating hydro-periods, and exhibit good nutrient removal capabilities.
Stepping Stones: A New Future for Zoological Research

This past year has been an auspicious one for Chinese science. With the recent lunar landing and the advances and the Chinese Academy of Sciences'growing reputation as the leader of scientific publishing in Asia, the media is now constantly reporting the "great leaps" that Chinese researchers have made. But we would do well to remember an old Chinese proverb: "It is better to take mant small steps in the right direction than to make a great leap forward only to stumble backward." None of the recent advances of this year are great leaps in the sense that they occurred from nothing-rather, they are the fruits of many decades of hard work undertaken by our colleagues both in China and abroad. Every major advance is nonly a "leap" when one does not consider the many small steps taken to get there. In that spirit, we will be taking a leap of our own in 2014.
2010年兰州市孕妇尿碘现况调查

碘是人体必需的微量元素之一。碘缺乏可造成碘缺乏病,而胎儿的营养物质全部从母体获得,所以孕妇的碘营养水平直接影响到胎儿的健康水平。作者对兰州市孕妇尿碘情况进行调查,为指导孕妇碘营养工作提供依据。
傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱对中国高硫原油的分子组成表征

常规GC/MS只能分析饱和烃和芳烃馏分中具有挥发性的小分子化合物,以此技术研究原油中含硫杂原子的分布具有明显的局限性.本文采用具有超高分辨率的傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱(FT-ICRMS)技术,从分子层次研究中国下第三系典型盐湖相膏盐沉积盆地原油中的硫化物,从分子中杂原子类型、碳原子数和缩合度(以等效双键DBE表示)等方面整体描述有机硫化合物的分子组成.有机硫化合物的杂原子类型十分丰富,鉴定出S_1,S_2,S_3,OS,OS_2,O_2S,O_2S_2,NS和NOS等类型(S_1表示化合物分子中的杂原子仅含有1个硫原子的杂原子化合物).江汉原油中高丰度有机硫化合物以硫醚类为主,主要是一环环硫醚类化合物;晋县凹陷高硫重质稠油中有机硫化合物主要是苯并噻吩和二苯并噻吩类化合物,缩合度和碳数范围大大增加.晋县凹陷和江汉盆地虽然同属下第三系盐湖相膏盐盆地,发育碳酸盐-蒸发岩沉积,但在不同微生物作用下硫的化学成岩演化明显不同,导致具有明显不同的生物标志物组合特征、有机硫化合物分布乃至不同的未熟油-低熟油生油机理.
近50年我国雾和霾的长期变化特征及其与大气湿度的关系

根据近50年(1961~2011年)我国雾和霾台站长期观测资料的分析得到,雾日发生的频率呈先增(1980年之前)后减(1990年后)的变化,尤其是1990年以后明显减少,这与气候变暖引起的近地面相对湿度减小的趋势一致,而霾日发生的频率总体上呈增加的趋势.据此,本文进一步讨论了大气湿度减少在雾-霾转变中的作用,结果表明霾日的平均相对湿度在69%左右,比以前得到的值低,这意味着霾粒子更不易向雾滴转换,这可能是导致雾日减少的主要环境因子之一;雾和霾转换的相对湿度阈值平均为82%左右,这个值也低于以前得到的值,因而在气候变暖条件下,主要由于温度和饱和比湿增加导致的中国近地面相对湿度减少对雾和霾形成的环境条件可能产生了明显的影响.本文也研究了霾与能见度的关系,结果表明随着霾日发生频率的增加,能见度有明显的下降,从1961年至今平均能见度从4~10km减小到2~4km,大约下降一半左右.
全球变化科学卫星概念研究

全球变化正在对人类生存与发展形成严峻挑战,空间对地观测技术的宏观、快速、准确特点使其成为全球变化现象观测的一种关键技术手段.我国是影响全球变化及受其影响最大的国家之一,目前尚无专门针对全球变化研究的科学卫星.发展全球变化科学卫星是我国的重要需求,也是对国际的贡献.在全球变化敏感因子的空间观测机理分析基础上,研究了全球变化科学卫星概念,继而提出发展由7类卫星组成的全球变化系列科学卫星的构想,以便从空间高度对全球环境变化现象实施科学观测.
2013年1月中国东部持续性强雾霾天气产生的气象条件分析

2013年1月,在中国东部地区发生了强度强、持续时间长、发生范围广的雾霾天气.本文利用资料诊断,从大气环流背景场和雾霾天气演变过程两个方面,分析了气象条件在这次持续性强雾霾天气发生中的作用.结果表明,2013年1月东亚冬季风异常偏弱,在中国东部区域,对流层中低层的异常南风有利于水汽向中国东部地区输送,500hPa的高压异常抑制了对流的发展,而表面风速的减弱不利于近地面附近的雾霾向区域外输送,水平风垂直梯度的减小减弱了天气尺度扰动的发展和大气的垂直混合,对流层低层异常逆温层的存在使得大气近地层变得更加稳定.这些气象背景场为雾霾天气的维持和发展提供了有利的气象条件.对雾霾天气演变过程的分析表明,雾霾天气区域内的表面风速及其上空对流层中低层的水平风垂直切变对雾霾天气过程具有动力影响,二者偏小(大)时雾霾天气偏强(弱);对流层中低层的层结不稳定性以及近地面层的逆温状况和温度露点差对雾霾天气的演变可以产生热力影响,层结不稳定性和逆温偏大(小)以及温度露点差偏小(大)时雾霾天气偏强(弱).多元线性回归分析的结果表明,热力和动力因子对这次雾霾天气过程具有大致相同的作用,气象因子可以解释超过2/3的雾霾天气逐日变化的方差,方差贡献达到0.68.
2013年元月我国中东部地区强霾污染成因分析

2013年元月,罕见强霾污染席卷我国中东部地区,引起社会各界高度关注.中国科学院“大气灰霾追因与控制”专项组,利用其建立的“中国气溶胶观测研究网”(CARE-China)对整个强霾污染过程进行了全程追踪观测,并对其成因进行了分析研究.本次强霾污染涉及我国整个中东部地区,污染最严重的京津冀地区共计发生5次强霾污染过程,其中两次超强过程发生在9~15日和25~31日,北京PM_(2.5)小时浓度最高值分别达到680和530μgm~(-3),石家庄和天津等重要城市强霾污染状况与北京相似.天气系统弱、强冷空气活动少和极其不利于污染物扩散的局地气象条件及地理位置,是造成本次强霾污染形成的外部条件;一次排放的气态污染物向颗粒态的快速转化,是本次强霾污染“爆发性”和“持续性”的内部促发因子,特别是大气中燃油排放为主的大量NO_x促发了燃煤排放气态SO_2向颗粒态硫酸盐的快速转化.通过NO_x/SO_2协同转化途径分析,发现气态污染物在细颗粒表面的非均相反应可改变大气颗粒物的粒径及化学组分,促使颗粒物中的二次无机盐(如硫酸盐和硝酸盐等)的比例逐渐增大,导致颗粒物吸湿性显著增强,从而对强霾污染形成起到了促进作用.
2013年1月我国中东部强霾污染的数值模拟和防控对策

利用自主研制的嵌套网格空气质量数值预报模式(NAQPMS)模拟研究2013年1月我国中东部的持续强灰霾天气,初步评估灰霾天气下大气细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))时空分布特征、传输规律和防控力度.结果表明:这一模式能够合理反映灰霾天气下中东部PM_(2.5)的时空分布特征和演变规律.发现静稳天气京津冀地区仍旧存在显著的区域输送,并直接造成京津冀地区PM_(2.5)浓度的累积,来自区域外的跨城市群输送对京津冀PM_(2.5)浓度贡献为20%~35%,区域内输送的贡献为26%~35%,两者之和与局地污染源贡献相当.针对这次强霾的控制试验表明,当京津冀周边区域省份污染源不控制,河北、天津和北京的污染物排放需要消减90%,90%和60%以上才能实现京津冀区域PM_(2.5)达标(二级标准),表明京津冀灰霾污染防控不仅需要重视区域内的联防联控,同时也需要其他城市群的协同控制.气象-大气污染双向反馈机制对强霾的形成也有非常重要影响,可使京津冀部分地区细颗粒物月均浓度增加30%,忽视这种耦合作用会导致模式对重污染期间污染物浓度的低估.
Madelung病诊治体会

Madelung病虽为良性疾病,但可引起诸多临床症状,由于Madelung病常合并其他内科疾病,故应施行以手术切除为主的综合治疗方案。手术根本目的在于缓解压迫症状或延缓疾病的进展。Madelung病的病变范围广,手术创面大,术中应注意对重要血管、神级及肌肉组织的保护,另外术后术区渗液较多,故可适当延长引流管拔管时间。术后可对皮瓣进行适当修剪,切除过多的皮瓣组织,以达到美容效果。近年来有学者尝试施行吸脂术治疗Madelung病,但由于脂肪组织中纤维含量较多,且脂肪组织侵及肌肉、筋膜组织,难以有效清除肿物,加之吸脂术的术野暴露不佳,可能造成重要组织结构损伤,因而只作为一种姑息性治疗方案,用于难以承受开放性手术的患者。
胶质细胞瘤转录因子1蛋白在喉癌组织中的表达及其与肿瘤新生血管形成的相关性

胶质细胞瘤转录因子1 (Glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1,Gli1)是在胚胎期细胞发育中有重要作用的Hedgehog (Hh)信号通路中的一个核转录因了,Hh信号转导通路蛋白在成体细胞中不表达。Agyeman等报道Hh信号转导通路在包括结肠癌在内的多种肿瘤组织中重新激活,并促进肿瘤的恶性增殖以及侵袭转移。本研究检测喉癌中Glil和CD34蛋白的表达,并计数瘤内微血管密度(microvessel density, MVD),旨在探讨Glil在喉癌组织中的表达及与肿瘤微血管形成之间的关系,以探讨Glil在喉癌新生血管形成中的作用,为喉癌的基因治疗提供新靶点。