mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Special Issue Devoted to Petroleum Geology in Marginal Sea Deepwater Settings—Take the South China Sea as an Example Preface

From the perspective of geographical environment, the areas of global oil and gas exploration can be divided into land, shallow water and deep water areas. The timespan of oil and gas discovery in each field is different. Oil and gas have been discovered on land since ancient times, but the application of modern technology to discover oil and gas began in 1859 in Pennsylvania, USA (Hua, 1984). Largescale oil and gas exploration began in the 1920s, and the reserve discovery reached its peak in the 1960s and 1970s. The discovery of oil and gas in shallow water of the Gulf of Mexico began in 1947 and showed a slow growth trend towards the end of the 20th century. Deepwater oil and gas exploration began in the 1970s. In 1975, the first deepwater oil field with a water depth of more than 300 m was discovered in the Gulf of Mexico in the United States. By the end of the 20th century, thousands of deepwater oil and gas fields have been discovered. Since the beginning of the 21th century, the scale of deepwater oil and gas discovery has increased significantly, surpassing that of land and shallow water areas (Zhang et al., 2015a, 2019a).
UNIFORM STABILITY AND ERROR ANALYSIS FOR SOME DISCONTINUOUS GALERKIN METHODS

In this paper, we provide a number of new estimates on the stability and convergence of both hybrid discontinuous Galerkin (HDG) and weak Galerkin (WG) methods. By using the standard Brezzi theory on mixed methods, we carefully define appropriate norms for the various discretization variables and then establish that the stability and error estimates hold uniformly with respect to stabilization and discretization parameters. As a result, by taking appropriate limit of the stabilization parameters, we show that the HDG method converges to a primal conforming method and the WG method converges to a mixed conforming method.
CONSTRAINT-PRESERVING ENERGY-STABLE SCHEME FOR THE 2D SIMPLIFIED ERICKSEN-LESLIE SYSTEM

Here we consider the numerical approximations of the 2D simplified Ericksen-Leslie system. We first rewrite the system and get a new system. For the new system, we propose an easy-to-implement time discretization scheme which preserves the sphere constraint at each node, enjoys a discrete energy law, and leads to linear and decoupled elliptic equations to be solved at each time step. A discrete maximum principle of the scheme in the finite element form is also proved. Some numerical simulations are performed to validate the scheme and simulate the dynamic motion of liquid crystals.
A NEW ADAPTIVE SUBSPACE MINIMIZATION THREE-TERM CONJUGATE GRADIENT ALGORITHM FOR UNCONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION

A new adaptive subspace minimization three-term conjugate gradient algorithm with nonmonotone line search is introduced and analyzed in this paper. The search directions are computed by minimizing a quadratic approximation of the objective function on special subspaces, and we also proposed an adaptive rule for choosing different searching directions at each iteration. We obtain a significant conclusion that the each choice of the search directions satisfies the sufficient descent condition. With the used nonmonotone line search, we prove that the new algorithm is globally convergent for general nonlinear functions under some mild assumptions. Numerical experiments show that the proposed algorithm is promising for the given test problem set.
Brief history of spaser from conception to the future

A history and a glimpse into the future of spaser (acronym for “surface plasmon amplification by stimulated emission of radiation”) is provided.The spaser (also called a plasmonic nanolaser) is an active nanosystem including a gain medium and a nanoplasmonic metal core.It generates coherent intense nanolocalized fields.Theoretically predicted in 2003 by Bergman and Stockman,the spaser grew into a large fundamental research and application field with thousands of publications.We review a few of them to illustrate the most important and general fundamental properties of the spaser.We also review some selected applications of spasers,in particular,to ultrasensing and biomedical problems,concentrating on cancer-cell theranostics (therapeutics and diagnostics).In conclusion,we attempt to glimpse into the future by predicting that the next big development of the spasers will be topological nano-optics,and its “killer” application will be ultrafast,high-density on-chip communications for future information processing.
Evaluation of soil erosion risk and identification of soil cover and management factor (C) for RUSLE in European vineyards with different soil management

Vineyards show some of the largest erosion rates reported in agricultural areas in Europe. Reported rates vary considerably under the same land use, since erosion processes are highly affected by climate, soil, topography and by the adopted soil management practices. Literature also shows differences in the effect of same conservation practices on reducing soil erosion from conventional, bare soil based, management. The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) is commonly adopted to estimate rates of water erosion on cropland under different forms of land use and management, but it requires proper value of soil cover and management (C) factors in order to obtain a reliable evaluation of local soil erosion rates. In this study the ORUSCAL (Orchard RUSle CALibration) is used to identify the best calibration strategy against long-term experimental data. Afterwards, ORUSCAL is used in order to apply the RUSLE technology from farm based information across different European wine-growing regions. The results suggest that the best strategy for calibration should incorporate the soil moisture sub-factor (Sm) to provide better soil loss predictions. The C factor, whose average values ranged from 0.012 to 0.597, presented a large spatial variability due to coupling with local climate and specific local management. The comparison across the five wine-growing regions indicates that for the soil protection management, permanent cover crop is the best measure for accomplishing sustainable erosion rates across the studied areas. Alternate and temporary cover crops, that are used in areas of limited water resources to prevent competition with vines, failed to achieve sustainable erosion rates, that still need to be addressed. This raises the need for a careful use of C values developed under different environmental conditions.
Coping with COVID-19 in Sub-Saharan Africa: What Might the Future Hold?

On December 31st, 2019 an unexplained case of pneumonia was reported in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China (Zhou et al. 2020). On January 9th, 2020, Chinese authorities and the World Health Organization (WHO) officially announced the discovery of a new type of coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2 that causes the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (Shereen et al. 2020; WHO 2020j; Zhou et al. 2020). A few months later, the virus is sweeping the world with almost 18 million recorded global cases and 709,000 deaths as of August 7th 2020 (WHO 2020a). After China, Europe and United States, South America is currently the new epicenter of the pandemic, but the situation is worsening in India, and the pandemic is moving fast. Nevertheless, confronted by the disastrous socio-economic consequences of the epidemic, a number of countries have already started a progressive end to the lockdown. Africa confirmed its first case of COVID- 19 in Egypt on February 14th. On February 27th, Nigeria reported the first official case of SARS-CoV-2 in the sub- Saharan area, and on March 18th Burkina Faso the first death. On August 7th 2020 this number has risen to more than 1,000,000 cases and caused about 22,000 deaths in Africa according to the Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) (Africa CDC 2020a). Southern and Northern Africa have currently the highest number of official cases and deaths, but Western Africa is the most impacted by the death toll in sub-Saharan zone, followed by Eastern and Central Africa. However, these numbers are probably undervalued and could represent only the ‘‘tip of the iceberg’’. According to the WHO, the highest mortality rates for COVID-19 were observed in the Republic of Chad (8.5%), Niger (6.2%), Algeria (5.7%), Angola (5.4%), Burkina Faso (5.3%), Mali (5.1%) and Liberia (4.5%). On July 8th 2020, South Africa, Nigeria, Algeria and Cameroon accounted for 75% of the total official deaths reported in Africa.
CD5 and B lymphocyte responses: multifaceted effects through multitudes of pathways and channels

CD~(5+) B lymphocytes, also known as B1 cells, play key roles in the immune system. This subset of B cells is a focus of renewed interest because it is an innate-like B cell population that is responsible for producing natural antibodies, rapid humoral immunity, and immune regulation and has a tendency to undergo leukemic transformation.1,2 It has been unclear, however, whether CD5 is a mere marker of B1 cells or whether it effectively modulates B cell responses and, if so, how. CD5 is a member of the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) superfamily and has a cytoplasmic tail with no enzymatic activity but with a motif that serves as docking sites for phosphorylated Src homology 2 (SH2) domain-containing kinases. In a recent study published in Cellular and Molecular Immunology, we reported that CD5 directly modulates B cell biology.3 These studies revealed that CD5 promotes the activation of Erk1/2 and multiple downstream signaling pathways. Activation of these pathways induces IL-10 production and modulates survival and metabolism. These effects were dependent on extracellular calcium (Ca~(2+)) influx facilitated by upregulation of the transient receptor potential channel 1 (TRPC1) protein. Interestingly, TRPC1 is also typically upregulated in CD~(5+) B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). CD5-induced IL-10 production was independent of B cell receptor (BCR) engagement, as confirmed by targeted CD5 and TRPC1 suppression with siRNAs. Our findings facilitate a better understanding of the mechanisms of CD~(5+) B cell roles in health and diseases.
Serum inflammatory factors are positively correlated with the production of specific antibodies in coronavirus disease 2019 patients

The ongoing spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) constitutes an international concern on an unprecedented scale. To date, over 23 million people have been diagnosed with COVID- 19 worldwide, and this disease has caused more than 800,000 deaths. Hyperinflammation elicited by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been reported to contribute to illness severity and death.1,2 Humoral immune responses play important roles in therapy and prophylaxis for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Since the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) glycoprotein binds to angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 to trigger virion endocytosis, antibodies against this domain may be able to neutralize SARS-CoV-2 and possibly provide protective immunity in COVID-19 patients.3 Clinical trials investigating the administration of convalescent plasma and the interleukin (IL)-6 antagonist tocilizumab to treat COVID-19 patients are currently underway,4 but the overly robust expansion of antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) could play a major role in the pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 patients.5 Thus, a detailed characterization of the associations between humoral immune responses and inflammatory factors could result in a better understanding of SARS-CoV-2-host interactions in COVID-19 patients.
New insights into the evasion of host innate immunity by Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is an extremely successful intracellular pathogen that causes tuberculosis (TB), which remains the leading infectious cause of human death. The early interactions between Mtb and the host innate immune system largely determine the establishment of TB infection and disease development. Upon infection, host cells detect Mtb through a set of innate immune receptors and launch a range of cellular innate immune events. However, these innate defense mechanisms are extensively modulated by Mtb to avoid host immune clearance. In this review, we describe the emerging role of cytosolic nucleic acid-sensing pathways at the host–Mtb interface and summarize recently revealed mechanisms by which Mtb circumvents host cellular innate immune strategies such as membrane trafficking and integrity, cell death and autophagy. In addition, we discuss the newly elucidated strategies by which Mtb manipulates the host molecular regulatory machinery of innate immunity, including the intranuclear regulatory machinery, the ubiquitin system, and cellular intrinsic immune components. A better understanding of innate immune evasion mechanisms adopted by Mtb will provide new insights into TB pathogenesis and contribute to the development of more effective TB vaccines and therapies.
Signaling from T cell receptors(TCRs)and chimeric antigen receptors(CARs)on T cells

T cells react to foreign or self-antigens through T cell receptor(TCR)signaling.Several decades of research have delineated the mechanism of TCR signal transduction and its impact on T cell performance.This knowledge provides the foundation for chimeric antigen receptor T cell(CAR-T cell)technology, by which T cells are redirected in a major histocompatibility complex-unrestricted manner.TCR and CAR signaling plays a critical role in determining the T cell state, including exhaustion and memory.Given its artificial nature, CARs might affect or rewire signaling differently than TCRs.A better understanding of CAR signal transduction would greatly facilitate improvements to CAR-T cell technology and advance its usefulness in clinical practice.Herein, we systematically review the knowns and unknowns of TCR and CAR signaling, from the contact of receptors and antigens, proximal signaling, immunological synapse formation, and late signaling outcomes.Signaling through different T cell subtypes and how signaling is translated into practice are also discussed.
Methyltransferase Dot1l preferentially promotes innate IL-6 and IFN-β production by mediating H3K79me2/3 methylation in macrophages

Epigenetic modification,including histone modification,precisely controls target gene expression.The posttranscriptional regulation of the innate signaling-triggered production of inflammatory cytokines and type I interferons has been fully elucidated,whereas the roles of histone modification alteration and epigenetic modifiers in regulating inflammatory responses need to be further explored.Di/tri-methylation modifications of histone 3 lysine 79 (H3K79me2/3) have been shown to be associated with gene transcriptional activation.Disruptor of telomeric silencing-1-like (Dot1l) is the only known exclusive H3K79 methyltransferase and regulates the proliferation and differentiation of tumor cells.However,the roles of Dot1l and Dot1l-mediated H3K79 methylation in innate immunity and inflammatory responses remain unclear.Here,we found that H3K79me2/3 modification levels at the Il6 and Ifnb1 promoters,as well as H3K79me2 modification at the Tnfα promoter,were increased in macrophages activated by Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands or virus infection.The innate signals upregulated Dot1l expression in macrophages and THP1 cells.Dot1l silencing or a Dot1l inhibitor preferentially suppressed the production of IL-6 and interferon (IFN)-β but not of TNF-α in macrophages and THP1 cells triggered by TLR ligands or virus infection.Dot1l was recruited to the proximal promoter of the Il6 and Ifnb1 but not Tnfα gene and then mediated H3K79me2/3 modification at the Il6 and Ifnb1 promoters,consequently facilitating the transcription and expression of Il6 and Ifnb1.Thus,Dot1l-mediated selective H3K79me2/3 modifications at the Il6 and Ifnb1 promoters are required for the full activation of innate immune responses.This finding adds new insights into the epigenetic regulation of inflammatory responses and pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases.
Unstable unsteady aerodynamic modeling based on least squares support vector machines with general excitation

Common, unsteady aerodynamic modeling methods usually use wind tunnel test data from forced vibration tests to predict stable hysteresis loop.However, these methods ignore the initial unstable process of entering the hysteresis loop that exists in the actual maneuvering process of the aircraft.Here, an excitation input suitable for nonlinear system identification is introduced to model unsteady aerodynamic forces with any motion in the amplitude and frequency ranges based on the Least Squares Support Vector Machines(LS-SVMs).In the selection of the input form, avoiding the use of reduced frequency as a parameter makes the model more universal.After model training is completed, the method is applied to predict the lift coefficient, drag coefficient and pitching moment coefficient of the RAE2822 airfoil, in sine and sweep motions under the conditions of plunging and pitching at Mach number 0.8.The predicted results of the initial unstable process and the final stable process are in close agreement with the Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)data, demonstrating the feasibility of the model for nonlinear unsteady aerodynamics modeling and the effectiveness of the input design approach.
直肠腺癌术后化疗患者下肢深静脉血栓形成的抗凝治疗分析1例

静脉血栓栓塞症(VTE)是肿瘤患者的重要并发症和重要死亡原因之一,也是发生率较高的一种癌症相关性血栓(CAT)。抗凝治疗是目前肿瘤VTE患者的基本药物治疗策略,可有效抑制血栓蔓延、利于血栓自溶和管腔再通,从而减轻症状、降低VTE的复发率和病死率。但面对临床个体化药物治疗,选择何种抗凝药物是目前一大挑战。本研究中临床药师参与1例直肠腺癌术后化疗患者VTE的诊治,探讨VTE形成的可能原因和相关危险因素,及个体化抗凝治疗的合理性,以期为临床合理用药提供参考。
溶血磷脂促进奥沙利铂诱发的急性周围性疼痛

奥沙利铂是一种铂类化疗药物,用于某些类型的结直肠癌的一线治疗,可引发病人周围神经性疼痛。此外,几乎90%的病人在奥沙利铂治疗后会立即引发急性周围性疼痛综合征,虽然机制尚不清楚,但与后来引发的神经病变的发生率与严重性相关。本研究主要关注了小鼠模型中急性奥沙利铂治疗的效果。实验结果显示小鼠在奥沙利铂注射后24 h出现机械性超敏反应。有趣的是,本研究发现在奥沙利铂诱导的急性疼痛中,神经组织中几种脂质的水平也发生了显著变化。具体而言,非靶向性和靶向性脂质组学结果显示注射奥沙利铂24 h后,坐骨神经、背根神经节(DRG)和脊髓组织两种亚油酸代谢物9,10-EpOME以及溶血磷脂溶血磷脂酰胆碱(LPC)18:1和LPC 16:0水平显著增加。相反,在各个神经组织中,炎症标志物如细胞因子、趋化因子及ROS标志物和生长因子保持不变。重要的是, LPC 18:1和LPC 16:0可以诱导初级感觉神经元中的Ca~(2+)瞬变,使用药理学手段和遗传学基因敲除手段证实LPC 18:1是感觉神经元中配体门控瞬时受体V1和M8(TRPV1和TRPM8)的内源性激动剂。 LPC 18:1外周注射可以在野生小鼠中诱发机械性超敏反应。因此,靶向脂质信号通路可减轻奥沙利铂诱导的急性周围性疼痛和随后的长期神经病变。
成年人饮食行为与心血管病患病关系的研究

目的了解成年人饮食行为与心血管病患病的关系,为预防心血管病的发生提供科学依据。方法选取2014年1月至2015年12月在北京市小汤山医院体检的20 632名成年人进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测。采用SPSS 24.0软件进行χ~2检验和多因素非条件logistic回归分析。结果共检出4 688人患有心血管病,患病率为22.7%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,在校正性别、年龄、体质指数、学历、吸烟、饮酒、压力、身体活动、睡眠、心血管病家族史、糖尿病和血脂异常后,缺席早餐(与每天都吃早餐相比,早餐食用频率每周1~3次者OR=1.323,95%CI:1.130~1.549;不吃早餐者OR=1.418,95%CI:1.164~1.728)、多喝牛奶(与每周<1次喝牛奶相比,喝牛奶频率每周>7次OR=1.223,95%CI:1.046~ 1.431)、饭菜偏咸(OR=1.162,95%CI:1.065~1.267)和吃饭速度较快(OR=1.255,95%CI:1.089~1.447)人群的心血管病患病风险较高,均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论成年人饮食行为(包括早餐食用频率、喝牛奶频率、饭菜咸度和吃饭速度)可影响心血管病患病情况,应实施综合性防控策略降低心血管病患病率。
Dimensional Gradient Structure of CoSe_2@CNTs-MXene Anode Assisted by Ether for High-Capacity, Stable Sodium Storage

Recently, abundant resources, low-cost sodium-ion batteries are deemed to the new-generation battery in the field of largescale energy storage.Nevertheless, poor active reaction dynamics, dissolution of intermediates and electrolyte matching problems are significant challenges that need to be solved.Herein, dimensional gradient structure of sheet-tube-dots is constructed with CoSe_2@CNTs-MXene.Gradient structure is conducive to fast migration of electrons and ions with the association of ether electrolyte.For half-cell, CoSe_2@CNTs-MXene exhibits high initial coulomb efficiency (81.7%)and excellent cycling performance (400 mAh g~(-1)cycling for 200 times in 2 A g~(-1)).Phase transformation pathway from crystalline CoSe_2-Na_2Se with Co and then amorphous CoSe_2 in the discharge/charge process is also explored by in situ X-ray diffraction.Density functional theory study discloses the CoSe_2@CNTs-MXene in ether electrolyte system which contributes to stable sodium storage performance owing to the strong adsorption force from hierarchical structure and weak interaction between electrolyte and electrode interface.For full cell, CoSe_2@CNTs-MXene//Na_3V_2 (PO_4)_3/C full battery can also afford a competitively reversible capacity of 280 mAh g~(-1)over 50 cycles.Concisely, profiting from dimensional gradient structure and matched electrolyte of CoSe_2@CNTs-MXene hold great application potential for stable sodium storage.
Highly Dispersed Cobalt Nanoparticles Embedded in Nitrogen-Doped Graphitized Carbon for Fast and Durable Potassium Storage

Potassium-ion batteries (KIBs)have great potential for applications in large-scale energy storage devices.However, the larger radius of K~+ leads to sluggish kinetics and inferior cycling performance, severely restricting its practical applicability.Herein, we propose a rational strategy involving a Prussian blue analogue-derived graphitized carbon anode with fast and durable potassium storage capability, which is constructed by encapsulating cobalt nanoparticles in nitrogen-doped graphitized carbon (Co-NC).Both experimental and theoretical results show that N-doping effectively promotes the uniform dispersion of cobalt nanoparticles in the carbon matrix through Co-N bonds.Moreover, the cobalt nanoparticles and strong Co-N bonds synergistically form a threedimensional conductive network, increase the number of adsorption sites, and reduce the diffusion energy barrier, thereby facilitating the adsorption and the diffusion kinetics.These multiple effects lead to enhanced reversible capacities of 305 and 208.6 mAh g~(-1)after 100 and 300 cycles at 0.05 and 0.1 A g~(-1), respectively, demonstrating the applicability of the Co-NC anode for KIBs.
Electrolyte Concentration Regulation Boosting Zinc Storage Stability of High-Capacity K_(0.486)V_2O_5 Cathode for Bendable Quasi-Solid-State Zinc Ion Batteries

Vanadium-based cathodes have attracted great interest in aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs)due to their large capacities, good rate performance and facile synthesis in large scale.However, their practical application is greatly hampered by vanadium dissolution issue in conventional dilute electrolytes.Herein, taking a new potassium vanadate K_(0.486)V_2O_5 (KVO)cathode with large interlayer spacing (~ 0.95 nm)and high capacity as an example, we propose that the cycle life of vanadates can be greatly upgraded in AZIBs by regulating the concentration of ZnCl_2 electrolyte, but with no need to approach “water-in-salt” threshold.With the optimized moderate concentration of 15 m ZnCl_2 electrolyte, the KVO exhibits the best cycling stability with ~ 95.02% capacity retention after 1400 cycles.We further design a novel sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-moderate concentration ZnCl_2 gel electrolyte with high ionic conductivity of 10.08 mS cm~(-1)for the first time and assemble a quasi-solid-state AZIB.This device is bendable with remarkable energy density (268.2 Wh kg~(-1)), excellent stability (97.35% after 2800 cycles), low self-discharge rate, and good environmental (temperature, pressure)suitability, and is capable of powering small electronics.The device also exhibits good electrochemical performance with high KVO mass loading (5 and 10 mg cm~(-2)).Our work sheds light on the feasibility of using moderately concentrated electrolyte to address the stability issue of aqueous soluble electrode materials.