mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Isothermal precipitation and growth process of perovskite phase in oxidized titanium bearing slag

The isothermal precipitating behavior of perovskite phase in oxidized titanium bearing slag was studied by quenching method. The kinetics of precipitating process and crystal growth of perovskite phase was analyzed. The results show that the precipitating and growth of perovskite are non-equilibrium process at the beginning of isothermal treatment. There are two factors influencing the growth rate of perovskite phase on non-equilibrium condition, one is the supersaturation concentration of perovskite and the other is the coarsening arising from the growth of larger perovskite at the expense of smaller ones. The precipitation kinetics of perovskite phase can be nearly described by the JMAK equation.
Evolvement of permeabiligy of ore granular media during heap leachnig based on image analysis

The column leaching experiment of ore granular media was carried out with the home-made multi-functional experimental apparatus and the pore structure of ore granular media was scanned by the X-ray computed tomography machine before and after leaching. The porosities of each section before and after leaching were calculated based on CT images processing, and the permeability of each zone before and after leaching were also calculated with Carman-Kozeny equation. The permeability evolvement law was disclosed. The results indicate that before leaching the permeability of the ore granular media in different height has not much difference and the value ranges from 5.70×10~(-4) mm~2 to 1.11×10~(-3) mm~2, where the lowest one locates in the bottom zone. After leaching the permeability distributes inhomogeneously along the height of the column and the value ranges from 3.44×10~(-4) mm~2 to 2.25×10~(-2) mm~2, where the lowest one is in the same place. Except for the bottom zone, the permeability of other zones increases after leaching, especially the top zone. Through comparison of the permeability at bottom zone before and after leaching, the whole permeability after leaching decreases by 39.65% that coincides with the measured experimental data.
Crystal structure of Mg3Pd from first-principles calculations

Crystal structure of Mg_3Pd alloy was studied by first-principles calculations based on the density functional theory. The total energy, formation heat and cohesive energy of the two types of Mg_3Pd were calculated to assess the stability and the preferentiality. The results show that Mg_3Pd alloy with Cu_3P structure is more stable than Na_3As structure, and Mg_3Pd alloy is preferential to Cu_3P structure. The obtained densities of states and charge density distribution for the two types of crystal structure were analyzed and discussed in combination with experimental findings for further discussion of the Mg_3Pd structure.
New fracture morphology of amorphous Fe78Si9B13 alloy

The tensile fracture morphology of a brittle amorphous Fe-based ribbon was investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The fracture surface consists of mirror, mist and river-pattern zones with crack propagating. The formation of nanoscale damage cavity structure is a main characteristic morphology on the fracture surface. Approaching the fracture source in the mirror, these damage cavities assemble and form the nanoscale periodic striation patterns, which are neither Wallner lines nor crack front waves. At shear deformation stage, the apparent surface energy γ_f of amorphous Fe_(78)Si_9B_(13) ribbon is much smaller than that of less-brittle amorphous alloys, which indirectly indicates amorphous Fe_(78)Si_9B_(13) ribbon is perfectly brittle. The crack branching appears at the moment of final fracture due to the high crack propagating velocity.
Preparation of nanometer oxides La_(1-x)Sr_xMnO_3 by absolute alcohol as solvent

Nanometer oxides La_(1-x)Sr_xMnO_3 were synthesized by absolute alcohol as solvent. The desired metal cations were chelated in a solution using citric acid as the chelating agents. In order to get the optimum preparation condition for La_(1-x)Sr_xMnO_3, the pH of primal commix solution, the molar fraction of citric acid and baking temperature of predecessor block were researched by orthogonal test design method with different x. The thermal decomposition of the metal carboxylate precursor gels was studied by TG/DTA and the products derived from calcinations of the gels were characterized by XRD and TEM. The polarization curves were acquired on an electrochemical work station (LK98) and the discharge curves were acquired on a testing instrument of batteries (DC-5) with a constant current discharge under 120 mA/cm~2. The results reveal that the nanometer oxides can be achieved by absolute alcohol as solvent and it has better catalytic activity.
Effect of Ni content on corrosion behavior of Ni/(10NiO-90NiFe_2O_4) cermet inert anode

Ni/(10NiO-90NiFe_2O_4) cermet inert anodes with metal Ni content of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 (mass fraction, %) were prepared and their corrosion behavior in Na_3AlF_6-Al_2O_3 melts was investigated in laboratory electrolysis tests. The results indicate that the content of metal Ni in anodes has little effect on the steady-state concentration of impurities Ni and Fe in electrolyte and the values range in (114-173)×10~(-6) and (287-385)×10~(-6), but the content of impurities in the metal aluminum manifolds. There is preferential corrosion for metal Ni in NiO-NiFe_2O_4 based cermet anodes. Considering the corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity, the cermet containing 5%Ni (mass fraction) behaves best among NiO-NiFe_2O_4 based cermet anodes studied, and should be further studied.
Inner and outer pressure forming of nickel based super-alloy thin-walled part with variable diameter sections

A novel forming method of nickel based super-alloy thin-walled part with variable diameter sections was proposed by using inner and outer pressure with the visco-elasto-plastic pressure-carrying medium at room temperature, and the principle of the method was provided. Experiments and FE simulations were carried out to analyze the deformation characteristics for the part with larger variable diameter ratio (35%). The results show that visco-elasto-plastic pressure-carrying medium can meet the requirements of the room-temperature deformation condition for nickel based super-alloy sheet. The inner and outer pressure forming with the visco-elasto-plastic pressure-carrying medium can meet the requirements of dimensional accuracy for the thin-walled part with variable diameter sections. The thinning of wall-thickness is less than 4%. This method provides a new approach for near-net shape forming of nickel based super-alloy thin-walled parts with variable diameter sections.
Microstructures and hardness of Ti-6Al-4V alloy staging castings under centrifugal field

By means of induction melting technology, Ti-6Al-4V alloy staging casting was made with the same rotation velocity and centrifugal radius. The effects of casting modulus on the grain size, the thickness of lamellar α+β phase, and the Vickers hardness, as well as the relationships between Vickers hardness, grain size and thickness of lamellar α+β phase were investigated. The results show that the greater the modulus, the larger the grain size and the thickness of lamellar α+β phase, and the less the Vickers hardness. The relationship between Vickers hardness and grain size meets the Hall-Petch equation: Hv=353.45+74.17d~(-1/2)_G. The relationship between the Vickers hardness and the thickness of lamellar α+β phase is expressed as Hv=2.45d~2_(α+β)-35.96d_(α+β)+476.84.
Analytical Results of a Two-Species Predator-Prey Model

We propose a sequential monomer reaction model for a two-species predator-prey system, in which the aggregates of either species can spontaneously produce or lose one monomer and meanwhile, a type-B aggregate can prey upon one monomer of a type-A aggregate when they meet. Using the mean-field rate equation approach, we analytically investigate the kinetic behavior of the system. The results show that the evolution of the system depends crucially on the details of the rate kernels. The aggregate size distribution of either species approaches the conventional or modified scaling form in most cases. Moreover, the total size of either species grows exponentially with time in some cases and asymptotically retains a constant quantity in other cases, while it decays with time and vanishes finally in the rest cases.
Studies on Linear and Nonlinear Intersubband Optical Absorptions in a Wurtzite AlGaN/GaN Coupling Quantum Well

Based on the density matrix approach and iterative procedure, a detailed procedure for the calculation of the linear and nonlinear intersubband optical absorption coefficients is given in wurtzite GaN-based coupling quantum wells (CQWs). The simple analytical formulas for electronic eigenstates and the linear and nonlinear optical absorption coefficients in the systems are also deduced. Numerical result on a typical AlGaN/GaN CQW shows that, the linear and nonlinear optical absorption coefficients sensitively depend on the structural parameters of the CQW system as well as the incident optics beam intensity.
Simple Procedure for Entanglement Transformation of Bipartite Pure States

An explicit procedure for transforming one bipartite entangled state into another via local operations and classical communication (LOCC) is presented. Our procedure is much simper than the previous ones in the sense that, it only involves two steps and the explicit expression of local general measurement used in the procedure can be obtained by solving a set of linear equations. Furthermore, this procedure is still applicable in high dimensional case.
Coordinate-Momentum Intermediate Representation and Marginal Distributions of Quantum Mechanical Bivariate Normal Distribution

We introduce bivariate normal distribution operator for state vector |ψ〉 and find that its marginal distribution leads to one-dimensional normal distribution corresponding to the measurement probability |λ,ν〈x|.ψ〉|2, where |x〉λ,ν is the coordinate-momentum intermediate representation. As a by-product, the one-dimensional normal distribution in statistics can be explained as a Radon transform of two-dimensional Gaussian function.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF VIRTUAL PROTOTYPE OF RUNNING GEARS FOR RAILWAY VEHICLE

Virtual prototype is an important idea to resolve design problems of railway vehicle. A different development method, which is based on national product and autonomous development, and would like to reflect the specialty of railway vehicle development in China, is presented. According to the developing process of railway vehicle, the research contents and developing method are pointed out. The integration between CAD and performance analysis software on dynamics and strength is mainly considered. In CAD environment, the properties for dynamics computing are extracted directly from the model and exported with model. This method can avoid data losing caused by model rebuilding in CAE software, and increase the direct dependence of product CAD. Then the vehicle model with properties will be used for real-time dynamics and kinematics analysis and simulation. Therefore, the strength of the parts can be analyzed. The results of dynamics and strength analysis will be fed back to optimize the design model. All operations are dispatched by a control platform, and all data are managed according to the principle of PDM. Testing results show this method is correct.
Symbiosis of Marshes and Permafrost in Da and Xiao  Hinggan Mountains in Northeastern China

Recently, the degradation of permafrost and marsh environments in the Da and Xiao Hinggan Mountains has become a great concern as more human activities and pronounced climate warming were observed during the past 30 years and projected for the near future. The distr/bution patterns and development mechanisms of the permafrost and marshes have been examined both in theories and in field observations, in order to better understand the symbiosis of permafrost and marshes. The permafrost and marshes in the Da and Xiao Hinggan Mountains display discernible zonations in latitude and elevation. The marsh vegetation canopy, litter and peat soil have good thermal insulation properties for the underlying permafrost, resulting in a thermal offset of 3 ℃ to 4℃ and subsequently suppressing soil temperature. In addition, the much higher thermal conductivity of frozen and ice-rich peat in the active layer is conducive to the development or in favor of the protection of permafrost due to the semi-conductor properties of the soils overlying the permafrost. On the other hand, because permafrost is almost impervious, the osmosis of water in marsh soils can be effectively reduced, timely providing water supplies for helophytes growth or germination in spring. In the Da and Xiao Hinggan Mountains, the permafrost degradation has been accelerating due to the marked climate warming, ever increasing human activities, and the resultant eco-environmental changes. Since the permafrost and marsh environments are symbiotic and interdependent, they need to be managed or protected in a well-coordinated and integrated way.
Relationship Between Producer Services Developing Level  and Urban Hierarchy —— A Case Study of Zhujiang River Delta

As the Central Place Theory indicates, the centricity of a central city can influence the extension of its service. Since the service industry in the theory is mostly consumer services, it is worth studying the relationship between the producer services and the centricity of the city in the service society with producer services becoming a more important part of the service industry. The paper takes the case of the Zhujiang （Pearl） River Delta （PRD）, a developed region in China, to study the relationship between the developing level of producer services and the urban hierarchy. Based on the analysis about the spatial difference of the producer services in the nine cities of the PRD, and the division of the nine cities according to some economic indices, it is shown that there is a correlation between the developing level of producer services and the urban hierarchy. Furthermore, two deductions about the future status of the producer services in the city and the location of the producer services in a large region can be made from this correlation between the developing level of producer services and the urban hierarchy.
Nonlinear Dynamics Behaviors of a Rotor Roller Bearing System  with Radial Clearances and Waviness Considered

A rotor system supported by roller beatings displays very complicated nonlinear behaviors due to nonlinear Hertzian contact forces, radial clearances and bearing waviness. This paper presents nonlinear bearing forces of a roller bearing under four-dimensional loads and establishes 4-DOF dynamics equations of a rotor roller bearing system. The methods of Newmark-β and of Newton-Laphson are used to solve the nonlinear equations. The dynamics behaviors of a rigid rotor system are studied through the bifurcation, the Poincar è maps, the spectrum diagrams and the axis orbit of responses of the system. The results show that the system is liable to undergo instability caused by the quasi-periodic bifurcation, the periodic-doubling bifurcation and chaos routes as the rotational speed increases. Clearances, outer race waviness, inner race waviness, roller waviness, damping, radial forces and unbalanced forces-all these bring a significant influence to bear on the system stability. As the clearance increases, the dynamics behaviors become complicated with the number and the scale of instable regions becoming larger. The vibration frequencies induced by the roller bearing waviness and the orders of the waviness might cause severe vibrations. The system is able to eliminate non-periodic vibration by reasonable choice and optimization of the parameters.
Innate immunity against malaria parasites in Anopheles gambiae

Malaria continues to exert a huge toll in the world today, causing approximately 400 million cases and killing between 1-2 million people annually. Most of the malaria burden is borne by countries in Africa. For this reason, the major vector for malaria in this continent, Anopheles gambiae, is under intense study. With the completion of the draft sequence of this important vector, efforts are underway to develop novel control strategies. One promising area is to harness the power of the innate immunity of this mosquito species to block the transmission of the malaria parasites. Recent studies have demonstrated that Toll and Imd signaling pathways and other immunity-related genes （encoding proteins possibly function in recognition or as effector molecules） play significant roles in two different arms of innate immunity： level of infection intensity and melanization of Plasmodium oocysts. The challenges in the future are to understand how the functions of these different genes are coordinated in defense against malaria parasites, and if different arms of innate immunity are cross-regulated or coordinated.
急性胃痉挛的新认识

国际疾病分类一书已经将急性胃痉挛归为一种独立的疾病名称，但在我国医学词典、教科书、疾病分类等有关书籍中，并未将急性胃痉挛作为一种独立性疾病进行专论。在急诊医学中，常有慢性胃病的患者因突发胃痛而就诊，仅给予解痉、止痛治疗即好转，而临床诊断多为“急性单纯性胃炎”，部分诊断为“慢性胃炎急性发作”。诊断是否确切值得一议。
男性特发性促性腺激素低下性性腺功能减退症一例

患儿，男，16岁，因“发育迟缓”于2003年8月就诊。患者声音细，外生殖器小于同龄男孩。既往体健，系足月平产，母乳喂养；父母非近亲结婚，母孕期体健，无毒物接触及感染、用药史；患者无头部创伤史。无家族史。入院体格检查：患者身高175cm，体重95kg，呈腹型肥胖体型，第二性征不明显。头面部发育正常，无畸形，无嗅觉障碍。颈部皮肤轻度黑棘皮样变，甲状腺不肿大，双侧乳腺发育，心肺正常，外生殖器呈幼稚型，阴毛少许，双侧睾丸可及，约1．0cm×1．5cm，质软，无触痛，脊柱四肢无畸形。实验室检查： 甲状腺功能(FT3、FT4、TSH) 正常， 血促卵泡激素(FSH)、促黄体生成素(LH)、睾酮(T)均明显低于正常，雌二醇(E2)正常，孕酮(P)偏高。垂体磁共振成像检查未发现异常。阴囊B超示：左侧睾丸切面内经1．6 cm×0．8 cm．右侧睾丸切面内经1．6 cm×0．9 cm，体积明显缩小， 回声未见异常。染色体核型为46，XY。根据患者第二性征缺乏。阴茎呈幼稚型，睾丸直径<2．0 cm，垂体一性腺轴功能减退(FSH、LH、T水平明显减低)，颅脑影像学检查无异常，染色体核型为46，XY，临床诊断为男性特发性促性腺激素低下性性腺功能减退症(IHH)。治疗经过：给予维持性征治疗，即给予十一酸睾酮(安特儿)8O mg，2次／d，饭后服药；人绒毛膜促性腺激素(hCG)2 000 IU，肌肉注射。每周二、五各一次；控制饮食，格华止800 mg，2 gz／d。患者体重逐渐减轻，逐渐出现胡须、阴毛、阴茎发育等第二性征，双侧睾丸逐渐增大，FSH、LH仍低下，T正常(见表1)。根据检查结果在治疗5个月时给予hCG 4 000 IU，肌肉注射，每周二、五各一次，在治疗22个月后停用，并给予十一酸睾酮160 mg。2次／d。患者治疗2O个月始出现夜间勃起，又3个月后出现遗精，2～3次／周。
左心衰竭致单侧大量血性胸腔积液二例临床分析

患者1，男，74岁，因憋喘伴左侧胸部疼痛1周，不能平卧，无发热、咳痰，于2005—04-11入院。患者于2005—03—19曾患广泛前壁＋右室心肌梗死，给与溶栓治疗。既往有高血压病史，最高达180／100mmHg。入院查体：T36．5℃，P72次/min，R18次／min，BP140／90mmHg。气管右移，左侧胸廓饱满，叩诊呈浊音，左肺呼吸音消失，右肺呼吸音粗，右肺底可闻及小水泡音。[第一段]
Osmotic Regulation of Betaine Content in Leymus chinensis Under Saline-alkali Stress and Cloning and Expression of Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase(BADH) Gene 

The potted Leymus chinensis seedlings were treated with saline-alkali solution of six different(from I to VI) concentrations. The results demonstrate that the betaine content and Betaine-aldehyde dehydrogenase(BADH: EC 1.2.1.8) activities have a direct relation with increased stressing time in the same treatment; both exhibit a single peak with increasing the concentration of saline-alkali solution, and number V shows the highest value. The BADH gene of Leymus chinensis was cloned by RT-PCR and RACE technology and was designated as LcBADH. The cDNA sequence of LcBADH was 1774bp including the open reading frame(ORF) of 1521bp(coding 506 amino acids). The vector of prokaryotic expression was constructed by inserting the LcBADH gene fragment into pET30a(+) and transformed into E. coli BL21(DE3). The result of SDS-PAGE shows that the idio-protein with a molecular mass of 56.78 kDa was effectively expressed in the recombinant bacteria induced by isopropyl β-D-thiogalactoside(IPTG).
Posterior Cramer-Rao lower bounds for bearing-only tracking

In the state estimation of passive tracking systems, the traditional approximate expression for the Cramero-Rao lower bound （CRLB） does not take two factors into consideration, that is, measurement origin uncertainty aad state noise. Such treatment is only valid in ideal situation but it is not feasible in actual situation. In this article, considering the two factors, the posterior Cramer-Rao lower bound （PCRLB） recursion expression for the error of bearing-only tracking is derived. Then, further analysis is carried out on the PCRLB. According to the final result, there are four main parameters that play a role in the performance of the PCRLB, that is, measurement noise, detection probability, state noise and clutter density, amongst which the first two have greater impact on the performance of the PCRLB than the others.
Modified unscented particle filter for nonlinear Bayesian tracking

A modified unscented particle filtering scheme for nonlinear tracking is proposed, in view of the potential drawbacks （such as, particle impoverishment and numerical sensitivity in calculating the prior） of the conventional unscented particle filter （UPF） confronted in practice. Specifically, a different derivation of the importance weight is presented in detail. The proposed method can avoid the calculation of the prior and reduce the effects of the impoverishment problem caused by sampling from the proposal distribution, Simulations have been performed using two illustrative examples and results have been provided to demonstrate the validity of the modified UPF as well as its improved performance over the conventional one.
Acetylation of Chinese bamboo flour and thermoplasticity

Chinese bamboo flour was chemically modified by acetylation with acetic anhydride by using trichloroacetic acid as an activation agent and the optimized condition for acetylation of bamboo flour was determined as the trichloroacetic acid amount 6.0 g per 1.5-g bamboo flour, ultrasosonication duration 40 min and the reaction time 1 h at 65℃. The composition, microstructure and thermal behavior of acetylated bamboo flour were preliminarily characterized by FT-IR, DSC and SEM etc. The acetylated bamboo flour can be molded into sheets at 130℃ and 10 MPa, indicating the modified bamboo flour possesses thermalplastic performance.
Allelopathic effects of leaf litters of Eucalyptus camaldulensis on some  forest and agricultural crops

Allelopathic effects of different doses of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaf litters were investigated through an experiment in the green house of Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences, Chittagong, Bangladesh. Three popular agricultural crops： Falen （Vigna unguiculata）, Chickpea （Cicer arietinum）, Arhor （Cajanus cajan） and two widely used plantation trees： Sada koroi （Albizia procera） and Ipil ipil （Leucaena leucocephala） were selected as bioassay species. Experiment was set on tray at room temperature 27℃. The effects of different doses of leaf litter extracts were compared to the control. Results suggest that leaf litters of E, camaldulesis induced inhibitory effects, It was also found that the effect depend on concentration of extract and litterfall, type of receiver species. Higher concentration of the materials had the higher effect and vice versa. Though all the bioassay species were suppressed some of them showed better performance. Vigna unguiculata, Cicer arietinum are recommended in agroforestry based on this present Experiment output. In mixed plantation, Leucaena leucochephala is a better choice while compared to Albizia procera.