mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
RNA干扰下调高迁移率蛋白A2基因表达对人膀胱癌5637细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

高迁移率蛋白A2(HMGA2)是小分子非组蛋白染色体蛋白。HMGA蛋白在多能胚胎干细胞和恶性肿瘤中含量丰富,但在正常体细胞中检测不到或含量很低,说明HMGA2基因参与调控基因转录、DNA修复和胚胎发育等过程。我们采用小干扰RNA(siRNA)特异性沉默HMGA2基因在人膀胱癌5637细胞的表达,观察其对5637细胞增殖、细胞周期和凋亡的影响。
Terson综合征及伤病关系法医学鉴定2例分析

案例1某男,51岁。2012年3月某日,从楼梯上摔倒滚落致头面部受伤。入院查体:神志昏迷,左眼光反射消失,右眼光反射灵敏。颅脑CT检查见:右侧颞顶部硬膜下血肿伴脑挫裂伤、双侧额叶脑挫裂伤、蛛网膜下腔出血,气颅。给予脱水降颅压等对症治疗后,疗效不佳,在全麻下行“右颞顶去骨瓣减压+血肿清除术”。两个月后因双眼视力下降再次入院。检查:双眼视力均为光感,定位不良。双眼结膜稍充血,角膜透明,kp(+),前房适中,瞳孔圆,直径约5mm,对光反射迟钝,晶状体混浊,玻璃体混浊,双眼底窥不清。B超:双眼玻璃体出血,右眼颞侧膜状异常回声。临床诊断为双眼Terson综合征。分两次行“右眼玻璃体切除术”及“左眼玻璃体切除术”治疗。
单根毛发DNA分型方法的改进

20名志愿者(男、女各10名,)年龄20 ~35岁,提供的毛发若干根及血样本。分为A组:直接拔取毛发样本组;B组:自然脱落毛发样本组;C组:志愿者指尖血纱样本对照组。每组20个样本(每个样本的基因分型操作过程均重复2次,结果以同一样本1次分型结果完整为成功标准)。自然脱落毛发采集、纳入标准:轻轻梳头后梳子上留有的毛发,肉眼观察毛囊为梨形坚硬的白色小体,显微镜下观察毛根干燥、毛球萎缩,无根鞘附着,根部色素含量少。
关节镜下自体半腱肌前交叉韧带重建术及术后康复效果

膝关节前交叉韧带(anterior cruciate ligament,ACL)是膝关节稳定的重要结构,在膝部各韧带中最易受损,ACL断裂后,膝关节的不稳不但会影响日常活动和运动,而且会造成关节内结构的进一步损伤。因此,为了恢复膝关节结构及功能,对损伤的ACL需要进行重建及术后系统康复训练已经成为共识。我院2008年1月-2013年1月采用关节镜下自体半腱肌腱移植重建ACL 32例,术后进行系统康复治疗,取得了良好的效果,现报告如下。
远隔缺血预适应和后适应对缺血性卒中的脑保护作用及机制

近年来,缺血性脑卒中发病率、致残率及病死率均较高,且易再发,严重威胁人类的健康。目前治疗缺血性卒中最有效的方法是溶栓治疗,但溶栓适应证、溶栓时机和溶栓风险均限制其使用,且溶栓后可能会发生再灌注损伤,加重神经损害。因此探究一种有效可行的治疗方法非常必要。虽然各种治疗方法不断进展,但根本的治疗措施是挽救缺血半暗带,使闭塞的血管再通,尽量恢复缺血脑组织的正常血供,防止缺血脑组织发生不可逆损伤。目前,医学家们致力于研究一种内源性的神经保护,即脑缺血耐受,远隔缺血适应由于不直接作用于靶组织,以避免对重要器官造成损伤,且动物实验显示出显著的神经保护作用而受到众多学者的关注。
脑卒中后手功能障碍的作业疗法应用进展

脑卒中是一种临床上常见的脑血管疾病,具有高发病率、高死亡率、高致残率的特点,其中80%是由缺血性脑梗死导致。脑卒中后约有55%—75%的患者会遗留肢体功能障碍,而手功能障碍占到其中的八成以上,这其中只有30%的患者能实现手功能的完全恢复。脑卒中造成的上肢功能障碍严重影响患者的日常生活、工作及学习,本文就任务导向训练、双任务训练在脑卒中后手功能障碍中的应用做一概述,以帮助临床工作者更好地指导患者康复,促进患者早日重返家庭和社会。
无创通气在睡眠呼吸障碍疾病中的应用意义

长期机械辅助通气(LTMV)包括无创机械通气(non-invasive ventilation, NIV)和有创机械通气,包括气管切开。早期LTMV的使用经验表明:患者即使根本没有通气功能,通过持续通气支持仍可维持,而一些保存部分通气功能的患者可通过间歇辅助通气(比如在睡眠期间)得以维持。持续气道正压通气(CPAP)和间歇正压通气(IPPV)可通过鼻罩无创、舒适地进行。
ARID1A基因在妇科肿瘤发生中的作用研究进展

染色质重塑(chromatin remodel)是指在DNA复制、转录、修复、重组过程核小体位置和结构的变化,这些变化是在染色质水平发生的,并最终引起染色质的变化。SWI/SNF 是一种多亚基构成的染色质重塑复合物,与胚胎发育、组织再生、细胞衰老、细胞凋亡和癌症抑制等密切相关。当其亚基功能失调时,局部染色质重塑发生异常,基因表达调节紊乱,从而导致多种疾病如肿瘤的发生。
淋巴瘤嗜神经侵袭生长一例

讨论肿瘤的嗜神经侵袭(perineural invasion, PNI)是指肿瘤细胞在神经纤维周围沿着神经或进入神经束膜内沿着束膜扩展的局部浸润转移现象,被认为是恶性肿瘤经典的4种转移途径之外的第5种转移方式。1835年Cruveilhier第1次描述了 PNI现象。1905年病理学家Em
阴茎神经鞘瘤一例

讨论神经鞘瘤是一种主要由神经鞘细胞组成的良性肿瘤,除主要生长在颅神经外(除视神经和嗅神经),也可发生于全身各处的周围神经,近来研究发现,神经鞘瘤可以生长在神经丰富的组织内,各种年龄、不同性别均可罹患。典型皮损为单发的皮下结节,隆起于皮肤表面,境界清楚,其中以四肢部位最为常见,其次为额部、头皮、颈部以及腹部,此外尚可见于舌、骨及后纵隔。发生于阴茎者罕见,国外报告不超过30例,国内约有10例报告。本病无特殊临床表现,诊断主要依靠病理及免疫组化。本例患者皮损为阴茎圆柱状肿物,组织病理改变可见真皮内具有S形核的梭形细胞,呈栅栏状排列,瘤细胞间胞质相互融合构成独特的Verocay小体,免疫组化示S100强阳性、HMB-45及SMA阴性,符合阴茎神经鞘瘤的诊断。本例皮损发生于阴茎,因此临床上应与其他可发生在阴茎的浅表肿物如:脂肪瘤、粉瘤、纤维瘤、阴茎硬结症等疾病相鉴别,活检可确诊。
核心稳定性训练治疗退变性腰椎管狭窄症的疗效观察

目的观察核心稳定性训练治疗退变性腰椎管狭窄症的疗效。方法采用随机数字表法将102例退变性腰椎管狭窄症患者分为治疗组及对照组。2组患者均给予推拿、中频电疗、腰椎牵引等常规治疗,对照组患者在上述基础上辅以常规腰腹肌力训练,治疗组患者则辅以核心稳定性训练(CSE)。于治疗前、治疗12周及治疗结束1年后分别采用目测类比评分法(VAS)评定2组患者疼痛程度,采用Roland-Morris失能问卷评定患者生活质量,另详细记录治疗前、后2组患者无痛行走距离情况。结果治疗12周时及治疗结束1年后随访时,发现治疗组患者疼痛VAS评分[分别为(3.13 ± 1.11)分和(1.48 ±0.82)分]、Roland-Morris 失能问卷评分[分别为(11.58±4.77)分和(5.42 ±2.31)分]及对照组疼痛VAS评分[分别为(4.49±1.38)分和(2.49±1.32)分]、Roland-Morris评分[分别为(13.90 ±5.57)分和(8.74 ± 4.05)分]均较治疗前明显好转(P<0.05),且上述时间点治疗组患者疼痛VAS评分、Roland-Morris评分均显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。经12周治疗后,2组患者无痛行走距离均较治疗前明显延长(P<0.05),但组间差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);治疗结束1年后随访时发现,2组患者无痛行走距离均较治疗前持续改善(P<0.05),并以治疗组患者的改善幅度较显著,与对照组间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在常规康复干预基础上辅以CSE训练能进一步缓解退变性腰椎管狭窄症患者疼痛程度,提高生活质量,增加无痛行走距离,从而延缓甚至避免手术治疗,并且该疗法还具有操作简单、安全有效、患者依从性好等优点,值得临床推广、应用。
综合康复治疗对最小意识状态及持续植物状态患者的影响

目的观察综合康复治疗对最小意识状态(MCS)及持续植物状态(PVS)患者的影响。方法选取MCS患者16例(MCS组)及PVS患者15例(PVS组),给予2组患者综合康复治疗(包括针灸、中药、常规治疗、康复训练及高压氧治疗)。治疗前、治疗4周、12周及24周后,采用昏迷恢复量表(CRS-R)及PVS评分量表对2组患者的临床疗效进行评定。结果治疗过程中,PVS组有1例患者因再次突发脑出血死亡,予以剔除。2组患者治疗前CRS-R、PVS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与组内治疗前比较,2组患者治疗4周后CRS-R、PVS 评分虽有所提高,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗12周及24周时,2组患者CRS-R、PVS评分均较治疗前、治疗4周后高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与组内治疗12周时比较,MCS组治疗24周后的CRS-R[(15.94 ± 2.74)分]、PVS评分[(13.85 ±2.38)分]增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),PVS组治疗24周后的CRS-R [(5.08 ±1.47)分]、PVS评分[(4.88 ±1.50)分]虽有所增高,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。PVS组治疗4周、12周及24周时的CRS-R、PVS评分显著低于MCS组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论综合康复治疗可显著改善MCS及PVS患者的意识状态,且MCS患者治疗后的意识状态优于PVS患者。
Dubin-Johnson综合征合并胆囊结石一例

djs患者多无明显的临床症状,有时仅以反复出现的黄疸就诊。本例患者虽有长期的轻度黄疸病史,也只因胆囊结石手术时才发现合并DJS。在临床工作中如果遇到不明原因的黄疸患者,实验室检查以直接胆红素升高为主,转氨酶未见明显升高,影像学检查排除肝胆器质性病变,溴磺太钠试验可见双峰曲线,即可高度怀疑DJS。但确诊此病应行肝脏活检。此疾病的临床预后较好,不影响患者的健康和生活,无需特殊治疗,只要给其讲明本病的特点,减少患者的顾虑就可避免不必要的肝胆手术检查。
主动脉扩张性疾病腔内修复术后综合征

主动脉扩张性疾病是指发生在主动脉的真性动脉瘤、主动脉夹层以及假性动脉瘤。其代表性疾病包括胸主动脉瘤(thoracic aortic aneurysm, TAA)、胸腹主动脉瘤(thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm, TAAA)、腹主动脉瘤(abdominal aortic aneurysm,AAA)、主动脉夹层(aortic dissection, AD)等。其共同特点是病情凶险,死亡率高。外科治疗此类疾病主要有两种方法:传统开放式手术和微创腔内修复术。同开放式手术相比,腔内修复术(endovascular aortic repair, EVAR)治疗主动脉扩张性疾病明显降低了早期的死亡率和术后并发症的发生;但是,当机体植入支架移植物后,其局限性主动脉周围及机体全身可能会发生一系列的临床变化和反应,此临床现象被称为腔内修复术后综合征(post- endovascular repair syndrome, PERS) 。现综述如下。
循环加压冷疗系统在肘关节骨折术后应用的效果观察

目的探讨肘关节骨折术后应用循环加压冷疗系统减轻疼痛、控制肿胀的疗效。方法将2011年10月至2012年4月行肘关节骨折内固定手术患者54例,随机分为治疗组和对照组,对照组术后采用常规护理措施,观察组术后立即应用循环加压冷疗系统对患肘行加压冷疗24 h。然后分别于术后6、12、24 h测量患肢肱骨外上髁上10 cm、肱骨外上髁下5 cm平面周径,计算肿胀值;采用视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评估两组患者疼痛程度,将两组所测得数据进行统计学分析。结果观察组术后6、12、24 h局部疼痛和肿胀程度较对照组明显减轻,差异均有统计学意义(P< 0.01)。结论肘关节骨折术后正确使用循环加压冷疗系统,能有效减轻患者肢体肿胀,缓解疼痛,减轻患者术后早期的不良反应,利于患肢功能的恢复。
介入治疗椎动脉断裂合并臂丛损伤一例

讨论椎动脉损伤后的处理比较棘手,尤其是椎间孔开放性损伤后,出血极为汹涌,严重危及患者生命。本例由刀割伤导致椎间孔开放性骨折,并且椎动脉断裂后出血的压力和失血量很大,采用传统外科手术探查止血有很多局限性,如椎动脉退缩到椎间孔后很难结扎出血血管,局部压迫止血不确切,本例采用动脉造影和介入栓塞治疗取得明显的疗效。另外,椎动脉损伤常常合并臂丛神经损伤,本例患者合并左臂丛神经上干损伤。由于损伤早期解剖结构清晰,伤情判断准确,对开放性臂丛损伤应持积极态度,早期行探查修复术,但该患者因颈部刀割伤,出血多,未能作神经探查修复术,一期仅清创缝合伤口,待二期行探查修复。
Study on structural characteristics and adsorption performance of ultrasonic treated Mn-containing sulfur transfer agent

To prepare manganese-containing spinel sulfur transfer agent with acid peptization, ultrasonic wave is used for the first time to modify the structure of sulfur transfer agent in this work. Mini fixed bed reactor was used to investigate the effect of ultrasonic power, time and temperature on the structure and oxidation adsorption performance of sulfur transfer agent and the adsorption kinetics and mechanism of SO_2 were analyzed. SEM, TEM, XRD and N_2 adsorption-desorption techniques were employed to characterize and analyse the function of sulfur transfer agent. The results indicated that manganese-containing spinel is a kind of promising sulfur transfer agent and exhibits higher sulfur capacity and desulfurization degree under the selected conditions of the ultrasonic wave power of 60%, and with the treatment period for 3 h at a temperature of 60 ℃.
Sulfur nutrient availability regulates root elongation by affecting root indole-3-acetic acid levels and the stem cell niche

Sulfur is an essential macronutrient for plants with numerous biological functions. However, the influence of sulfur nutrient availability on the regulation of root development remains largely unknown. Here, we report the response of Arabidopsis thaliana L. root development and growth to different levels of sulfate, demonstrating that low sulfate levels promote the primary root elongation. By using various reporter lines, we examined in vivo IAA level and distribution, cell division, and root meristem in response to different sulfate levels. Meanwhile the dynamic changes of in vivo cysteine, glutathione, and IAA levels were measured. Root cysteine, glutathione, and IAA levels are positively correlated with external sulfate levels in the physiological range, which eventually affect root system architecture. Low sulfate levels also downregulate the genes involved in auxin biosynthesis and transport, and elevate the accumulation of PLT1 and PLT2. This study suggests that sulfate level affects the primary root elongation by regulating the endogenous auxin level and root stem cell niche maintenance.
A Regional-Scale Method of Forecasting Debris Flow Events Based on Water-Soil Coupling Mechanism

A debris flow forecast model based on a water-soil coupling mechanism that takes the debrisflow watershed as a basic forecast unit was established here for the prediction of disasters at the watershed scale. This was achieved through advances in our understanding of the formation mechanism of debris flow. To expand the applicable spatial scale of this forecasting model, a method of identifying potential debris flow watersheds was used to locate areas vulnerable to debris flow within a forecast region. Using these watersheds as forecasting units and a prediction method based on the water-soil coupling mechanism, a new forecasting method of debris flow at the regional scale was established. In order to test the prediction ability of this new forecasting method, the Sichuan province, China was selected as a study zone and the large-scale debris flow disasters attributable to heavy rainfall in this region on July 9, 2013 were taken as the study case. According to debris flow disaster data on July 9, 2013 which were provided by the geo-environmental monitoring station of Sichuan province, there were 252 watersheds in which debris flow events actually occurred. The current model predicted that 265 watersheds were likely to experience a debris flow event. Among these, 43 towns including 204 debrisflow watersheds were successfully forecasted and 24 towns including 48 watersheds failed. The false prediction rate and failure prediction rate of this forecast model were 23% and 19%, respectively. The results show that this method is more accurate and more applicable than traditional methods.
Snake Model for the Extraction of Loess Shoulder-line from DEMs

Shoulder lines are the most important landform demarcations for geographical analysis, soil erosion modeling and land use planning in the Loess Plateau area of China. This paper proposes an automatic, effective and accurate method of determining loess shoulder line from DEMs by integrating a hydrological D8 algorithm and a snake model. The watershed boundary line is adopted as the initial contour which evolves to identify the exact position of loess shoulder-line by the guidance of an external force of snake model from DEMs. Experiments show that the method overcomes the difficulties in both threshold selection for edge detection and the disconnecting issues in former extraction approaches. The accuracy evaluation of shoulder-line maps from the two test sites of the loess plateau area show obvious improvements in the extraction. The average contour matching distance of the new method is 12.0 m on 5 m resolution DEM, and shows improvement in the accuracy and continuity. The comparisons of accuracy evaluations of the two test sites show that the snake model method performs better in the loess plain area than in the area with high gully density.
The Effects of Protruding Rock Boulders in Regulating Sediment Intrusion within the Hyporheic Zone of Mountain Streams

Excessive sedimentation in mountain stream ecosystems is a critical environmental problem due to the clogging of streambeds by sediment particles within the hyporheic zone, with detrimental effects on fish spawning habitat. In this research, the effects of an array of boulders in regulating the intrusion of incoming sand within a gravel substrate were evaluated by performing detailed experiments in a laboratory flume. A unique experimental setup and two different sampling techniques were utilized for measuring the infiltrated sand within the gravel bed under two bed shear stress conditions (moderate vs. high). For comparison purposes, experiments were performed without and with the presence of partially submerged to the flow (protruding) boulders, which is typical for the average flow conditions found in mountain streams. Results indicated that sand infiltrated primarily in the upper part of the gravel bed creating a surface seal which hindered the penetration of sand particles deeper into the bed. An exponential decrease of the amount of the infiltrated sand within the hyporheic zone was observed in all experiments regardless of the presence of boulders. However, the presence of boulders promoted sediment intrusion of sand particles especially for the moderate applied bed shear stress condition, since the total amount of the infiltrated sand was found to be on average 44% greater when boulders were present. The findings from this study can provide additional insight regarding the role of boulders on promoting downwelling of flow and sediment within the gravel substrate with potential effects on fish habitat.
Involvement of C2H2 zinc finger proteins in the regulation of epidermal cell fate determination in Arabidopsis

Cell fate determination is a basic developmental process during the growth of multicellular organisms. Trichomes and root hairs of Arabidopsis are both readily accessible structures originating from the epidermal cells of the aerial tissues and roots respectively, and they serve as excellent models for understanding the molecular mechanisms controlling cell fate determination and cell morphogenesis. The regulation of trichome and root hair formation is a complex program that consists of the integration of hormonal signals with a large number of transcriptional factors, including MYB and bHLH transcriptional factors. Studies during recent years have uncovered an important role of C2H2 type zinc finger proteins in the regulation of epidermal cell fate determination. Here in this minireview we briefly summarize the involvement of C2H2 zinc finger proteins in the control of trichome and root hair formation in Arabidopsis.
Tourism and Land Transformation: A Case Study of the Li River Basin, Guilin, China

Land-use change is intertwined with tourism because land is used as a resource for human activities. Land-use change also provides an opportunity to evaluate the status of the ecoenvironment. Understanding the relationship between tourism and land use change would help to predict the effect of tourism on land use and encourage sustainable tourism development. Using the Li River Basin as a case study, a hybrid approach using multilevel modeling and logistic regressions was employed to analyze the distribution of land-usechange between 1989 and 2010 to examine potential driving factors. Results reveal that rapid tourism development and construction expansion expose this area to risk of deforestation and forest degradation. Construction increased by 141% between 1989 and 2000 and by 195% between 2000 and 2010. The primary driving force for construction expansion shifted from population growth between 1989 and 2000 to investment growth after 2000. New construction primarily occurred on crop and woodlands areas, with shares of 81.25% and 6.38%, respectively, between 1989 and 2000, and with shares of 57.79% and 15.29%, respectively, between 2000 and 2010. Moreover, these drastic increases in construction also led to frequent transitions between croplands, woodlands, and grasslands. Traits including distances to urban areas and roads and scenic locations exerted significant effects on land-use change. Woodland regrowth in the areas that surround scenic locations consisted of fluctuating woodlands, whereas stable woodland regrowth was often absent in these areas. Likewise, permanent woodland clearing tended to be closed to near scenic locations. That is, construction at scenic locations negatively affected forest conservation in the Li River Basin.
OsSERK1 regulates rice development but not mmunity to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae or agnaporthe oryzae

Somatic embryogenesis receptor kinase (SERK) proteins play pivotal roles in regulation of plant development and immunity. The rice genome contains two SERK genes, OsSerk1 and OsSerk2.We previously demonstrated that OsSerk2 is required for rice Xa21-mediated resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) and for normal development. Here we report the molecular characterization of OsSerk1. Overexpression of OsSerk1 results in a semi-dwarf phenotype whereas silencing of OsSerk1 results in a reduced angle of the lamina joint. OsSerk1 is not required for rice resistance to Xoo or Magnaporthe oryzae. Overexpression of OsSerk1 in OsSerk2- silenced lines complements phenotypes associated with brassinosteroid (BR) signaling defects, but not the disease resistance phenotype mediated by Xa21. In yeast, OsSERK1 interacts with itself forming homodimers, and also interacts with the kinase domains of OsSERK2 and BRI1, respectively. OsSERK1 is a functional protein kinase capable of autophosphorylation in vitro. We conclude that, whereas OsSERK2 regulates both rice development and immunity, OsSERK1 functions in rice development but not immunity to Xoo and M. oryzae.
Types and Causes of Debris Flow Damage to Drainage Channels in the Wenchuan Earthquake Area

Debris flows are among the most common geological disasters in China, and have been particularly frequent in Sichuan Province since the Wenchuan earthquake on 12 May 2008. The construction of debris flow drainage channels is a countermeasure used to distribute debris flow fans, and these channels play a critical role in the mitigation and prevention of damage resulting from debris flows. Under field conditions, the useful life of drainage channels can be greatly shortened as a result of strong abrasions to the drainage structure caused by the debris flow. Field investigations have shown that the types of damage to drainage channels include (a) erosion caused by hyper-concentrated silt flow, (b) impact fractures and foundation scour at the groundsills of the drainage channel, (c) destruction of the drainage channel outlet, and (d) destruction of the drainage channel caused by debris flow abrasion. In addition, based on the destruction of the drainage channel during the debris flow drainage process, a new type of drainage channel with energy dissipation components was proposed and applied in a steep, narrow gully for debris flow mitigation. Moreover, design and engineering repair recommendations for drainage channels are provided as a reference for repairing the damage to the channel. The results can provide an important reference for the effective repair and optimal design of drainage channels.
澳大利亚 Danielle Mazza 教授全科医疗案例分析--子宫内膜异位症

面对妇女健康领域的诸多问题,全科医生需要学习并掌握全面的、最新的妇女保健知识。澳大利亚Monash 大学医学、护理和卫生科学部全科医学系主任丹尼尔·马扎(Danielle Mazza)教授为我们提供了一本很实用的学习用书,其主编的《Women's Health in General Practice》,涵盖了从少女至更年期妇女的整个生命周期中可能遇到的所有问题,包括月经问题、避孕、流产、不孕不育、孕前及产后保健、乳腺疾病、泌尿系疾病以及家庭暴力等。本书以病例解析的形式详细阐述了全科医生是如何对上述疾病进行诊断、鉴别诊断、治疗、评估和管理的。为方便广大全科医生学习,中国全科医学杂志社委托海淀区妇幼保健院对此书进行了翻译,其中文版《全科医学之妇女保健》现已在国内出版发行,并受到了全科医生的广泛关注和认可。本刊对该书中的部分病例进行了整理并陆续刊出,以供国内全科医生借鉴,使其在全科医疗中为来诊者提供具有最新证据支持的高质量的保健咨询服务。更多案例分析详见本刊网站(http:// www. chinagp. net)“期刊检索---电子期刊”版块。
机械力对血管内皮细胞一氧化氮合成的调控机制及致动脉粥样硬化作用

血流机械力变化导致的动脉粥样硬化主要在于它破坏了血管内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞的一氧化氮(NO)生成的系统平衡。本文重点讨论血流机械力[剪切力和环壁张力对内皮细胞NO的生成和NO合酶(NOS)]表达的调控机制,并强调其介导血管内皮细胞的感染、氧自由基的产生及最终引发血管壁重建(主要是平滑肌细胞参与)的机制。
亚硒酸钠预处理对Aβ损伤PC12细胞的保护性作用

目的研究β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)对PC12细胞的氧化损伤以及亚硒酸钠的保护作用。方法将PC12细胞分为正常对照组、亚硒酸钠预处理组、亚硒酸钠预处理后损伤组、损伤组,观察细胞形态、用MTT法检测细胞存活率,流式细胞术检测凋亡,测定各组乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)漏出率、丙二醛(MDA)含量及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性。结果Aβ抑制PC12细胞的分裂增殖,经过Aβ作用24 h的PC12细胞,其GSH-Px活性下降,MDA含量升高;一定浓度亚硒酸钠预处理可有效地减轻Aβ引起的PC12细胞损伤,与Aβ损伤组相比亚硒酸钠预处理后Aβ损伤组的细胞存活率增加、凋亡下降、GSH-Px活性增高、LDH漏出率、MDA含量下降。结论亚硒酸钠对Aβ引起的PC12细胞氧化损伤具有明显的保护作用。
艾司西酞普兰治疗老年躯体形式障碍的疗效

目的探讨艾司西酞普兰合并小剂量奥氮平治疗老年躯体形式障碍的临床疗效及安全性。方法将86例老年躯体形式障碍患者随机分为艾司西酞普兰合并小剂量奥氮平组(研究组)与艾司西酞普兰组(对照组),均辅以认知行为治疗进行6 w系统治疗,采用汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、四级临床疗效评定表及药物副反应量表(TESS)进行临床疗效及药物副反应评比。结果研究期内,两组HAMD总分及其焦虑/躯体化因子和睡眠因子评分以及治疗总显效率比较有统计学差异(P<0.05),两组药物副反应总体发生率无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论艾司西酞普兰合并小剂量奥氮平治疗躯体形式障碍能迅速改善睡眠及焦虑/躯体化症状,并不明显增加药物副反应,该治疗方法不仅起效快,明显提高疗效和患者的治疗依从性,而且并不增加安全隐患,因此推荐该方法临床试用。
厄贝沙坦对糖尿病大鼠心肌转化生长因子-β_1和结缔组织生长因子表达的影响

目的探讨厄贝沙坦对糖尿病大鼠心肌组织转化生长因子-β_1(TGF-β_1)和结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)表达的影响。方法健康雄性SD大鼠30只,随机抽取10只为正常对照组,其余20只大鼠以高脂高热量饮食诱导胰岛素抵抗,加尾静脉注射小剂量链脲佐菌素(STZ)建立2型糖尿病动物模型。将造模成功的大鼠按血糖高低随机分为糖尿病组、厄贝沙坦组,每组10只。12 w后分别测定各组大鼠血糖、左室收缩压(LVSP)、左室舒张末压(LVEDP)、左室内压上升及下降最大速率(±dp/dtmax);测定大鼠体重(BW)、心脏重量(HW)及左心室重量(LVW),计算心脏重量指数(HWI)及左心室重量指数(LVWI);观察心肌组织结构变化;免疫组化法测定心肌组织转化生长因子(TGF)-β_1、结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)的表达。结果糖尿病组大鼠LVEDP、BW、HWI、LVWI及TGF-β_1、CTGF表达明显升高(P<0.01),LVSP、±dp/dtmax明显降低(P<0.01);经厄贝沙坦干预后上述指标均明显改善。结论厄贝沙坦可抑制糖尿病心肌纤维化,改善心功能,其机制与降低TGF-β_1、CTGF的表达有关。
动脉灌注诱导化疗联合同期放化疗治疗局部晚期鼻咽癌的疗效

目的探讨动脉灌注诱导化疗联合同期放化疗治疗局部晚期鼻咽癌的临床效果。方法收集2009年1月至2013年6月该院100例首次治疗局部晚期(T3T4/N2N3)鼻咽癌患者,前瞻性随机对照研究,随机分为试验组和对照组各50例,试验组(IAC组,动脉灌注诱导化疗联合后期同步放化疗):先用多西他赛60~75 mg/m~2 d1+顺铂75 mg/m~2 d1,动脉灌注给药,21 d为1个周期,连续使用2个周期,再予以根治性放疗,TD 40 Gy时开始同步放化疗,顺铂40 mg/m~2d1,动脉灌注给药,1次/w,直至放疗结束;对照组(IVC组,经静脉诱导化疗联合放疗):诱导化疗方案同IAC组,静脉给药。两组放疗剂量及放疗时间相仿。用Kaplan-Meier及Log-rank法计算并比较两组患者的生存率。结果治疗结束后观察3个月,IAC组完全缓解率(CR)明显高于IVC组(P<0.05);与IVC组相比,IAC组3年及5年总生存率(OS)、无局部复发生存率(LRFS)、无病生存率(DFS)明显更高(均P<0.05);两组3年及5年无远处转移生存率(DMFS)、急性毒副反应及远期并发症发生率相仿(均P>0.05)。结论IAC组与IVC组相比,显著提高近期CR率、LRFS及DFS,有提高OS的趋势,未增加近期毒副反应及远期并发症,值得进一步扩大病例数研究。
先天性3节指骨复拇指畸形的显微组合治疗

拇指多指畸形是先天性手部畸形最常见的畸形之一,拇指多指的表现形式复杂多样,3节指骨复拇指为先天性Ⅶ型复拇指畸形,其外形及功能不良,2010年4月~2013年7月,作者对4例3节指骨的拇指畸形并伴有赘生多指的Ⅶ型多指畸形利用显微外科的组合矫形方法进行治疗,获得良好的临床效果。
腹腔干供血的肺隔离症的CT血管成像特征

肺隔离症(pulmonary sequestration, PS)是由体循环供血无正常肺功能的肺组织。通常由胸内降主动脉的异常分支供血,仅10%~15%为腹主动脉和腹腔动脉发出的异常分支,由腹腔干的异常分支供血更为罕见。本文回顾性分析经术后病理证实的4例由腹腔干异常分支供血的PS 患者的资料,总结腹腔干供血的肺隔离症的CT 血管成像(CTA)特征。
两系杂交水稻C两优华占在福建建宁高产制种技术

总结了近2 a福建建宁C两优华占制种经验,阐述了C两优华占的亲本特征特性及高产制种技术。制种的关键措施在于选择适宜制种基地,做好播种期、育性敏感期、花期和成熟收获期安排,培育壮秧,合理密植,强化群体异交栽培,搭好丰产苗架,确保花期相遇;多举措提高异交结实率,防病除杂,确保用种安全。
Effect of Graphene Nanoplate and Silicon Carbide Nanoparticle Reinforcement on Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Spark Plasma Sintered Magnesium Matrix Composites

Processing of magnesium (Mg) matrix composites reinforced with low reinforcement content (up to 4-5 vol.%) of graphene nanoplates (GNPs) and silicon carbide (SiC) nanoparticles using ball milling and spark plasma sintering (SPS) is reported. Near full densification was observed for all the composite compositions at the sintering temperature of 450 ℃ (soaking time of 5 min and applied pressure of 50 MPa). Detailed analysis of the microstructure and mechanical and tribological (under dry sliding contact with alumina counter-face) properties with reinforcement content in Mg-GNP and Mg-SiC is presented. Mg-GNP and Mg-SiC composites reinforced with about 2 vol.% of reinforcement content exhibited significant improvement in microhardness and wear resistance as compared with Mg compacts.
Texaco 工艺烧嘴失效分析及对策

介绍了Texaco 工艺烧嘴的结构特点、工作机理以及性能要求。结合齐鲁石化分公司Texaco 工艺烧嘴的使用状况,介绍了其主要失效模式、判断方法及失效危害,从高温腐蚀、冲刷磨损腐蚀、热应力开裂以及性能失效等方面进行了失效机理和影响因素分析;通过维修质量的控制和改进、工艺操作参数的优化、改善水煤浆质量以及加强工艺烧嘴的管理等措施,提高了工艺烧嘴的使用寿命,实现了煤气化装置的长周期运行。
塔底重沸器失效原因分析

某气体脱硫装置中再生塔塔底重沸器在生产过程中发生泄漏失效,严重影响了装置的正常生产。本文对该换热管束的失效原因进行分析,通过外观检测与计算分析,得出管束泄漏的主要原因是由于重沸器出口附近管束发生气蚀,管束振动加速了折流板处管束腐蚀。
Preparation and characterization of Ce_(0.8)La_(0.2-x)Y_xO_(1.9) as electrolyte for solid oxide fuel cells

In this study, ultrafine Ce_(0.8)La_(0.2-x)Y_xO_(1.9) (for x=0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20) powders were successfully prepared by the sol-gel method. The samples were characterized by fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetric and differential scanning calo-rimetry (TG-DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), AC impedance and thermal expansion measure-ments. Experimental results indicated that highly phase-pure cubic fluorite electrolyte Ce_(0.8)La_(0.2-x)Y_xO_(1.9) powders were obtained after calcining at 600 °C. The as-synthesized powders exhibited high sintering activity, the Ce_(0.8)La_(0.2-x)Y_xO_(1.9) series electrolytes which have higher relative densities over 96% could be obtained after sintered at 1400 °C for 4 h. Ce0.8La0.15Y0.05O1.9 electrolyte sintered at 1400 °C for 4 h exhibited higher oxide ionic conductivity (σ_(800) °C=0.057 S/cm), lower electrical activation energy (E_a=0.87 eV) and moder-ate thermal expansion coefficient (TEC=15.5×10~(-6) K~(-1), temperature range 25-800 °C).
Refractory and Active Ulcerative Colitis Complicated by Venous Thrombosis: a Case Report

ULCERATIVE colitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by diffuse mucosal inflammation involving the rectum and extending proximally to involve all or part of the colon. A step-up approach for medical therapy is routinely applied, from 5-aminosalicylic acid (ASA) compounds, corticosteroids, immunomodulators, and biologics. Thrombosis, mainly venous, is a rare and well-recognized extra-intestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease. In this article, we report the use of thrombolytic and antithrombotic therapy for the venous thrombosis in a 55-year-old male patient with refractory and active ulcerative colitis with excellent outcome.