mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
H_∞ fault estimation for a class of linear time-delay systems in finite frequency domain

This paper deals with the problem of H_∞ fault estimation for linear time-delay systems in finite frequency domain. First a generalized coordinate change is applied to the original system such that in the new coordinates all the time-delay terms are injected by the system's input and output. Then an observer-based H_∞ fault estimator with input and output injections is proposed for fault estimation with known frequency range. With the aid of Generalized Kalman-Yakubovich-Popov lemma, sufficient conditions on the existence of the H_∞ fault estimator are derived and a solution to the observer gain matrices is obtained by solving a set of linear matrix inequalities. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method
Orthogonal genetic algorithm for solving quadratic bilevel programming problems

A quadratic bilevel programming problem is transformed into a single level complementarity slackness problem by applying Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions. To cope with the complementarity constraints, a binary encoding scheme is adopted for KKT multipliers, and then the complementarity slackness problem is simplified to successive quadratic programming problems, which can be solved by many algorithms available. Based on 0-1 binary encoding, an orthogonal genetic algorithm, in which the orthogonal experimental design with both two-level orthogonal array and factor analysis is used as crossover operator, is proposed. Numerical experiments on 10 benchmark examples show that the orthogonal genetic algorithm can find global optimal solutions of quadratic bilevel programming problems with high accuracy in a small number of iterations
Hybrid pilots assisted channel estimation algorithm for MIMO-OFDM systems

A hybrid pilots assisted channel estimation algorithm for multiple input multiple output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems under low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and arbitrary Doppler spread scenarios is proposed. Motivated by the dissatisfactory performance of the optimal pilots (OPs) designed under static channels over multiple OFDM symbols imposed by fast fading channels, the proposed scheme first assumes that the virtual pilot tones superimposed at data locations over specific subcarriers are transmitted from all antennas, then the virtual received pilot signals at the corresponding locations can be obtained by making full use of the time and frequency domain correlations of the frequency responses of the time varying dispersive fading channels and the received signals at pilot subcarriers, finally the channel parameters are derived from the combination of the real and virtual received pilot signals over one OFDM symbol based on least square (LS) criterion. Simulation results illustrate that the proposed method is insensitive to Doppler spread and can effectively ameliorate the mean square error (MSE) floor inherent to the previous method, meanwhile its performance outmatches that of OPs at low SNR region under static channels
Product oriented oxidative bromination of methane over Rh/SiO_2 catalysts

Rh/SiO_2 was prepared for the oxidative bromination of methane. The catalyst was prepared by calcination at different temperatures and for different times to obtain catalysts with different specific surface areas for the purposes of producing either CH_3Br or CH_3Br and CO. It was found that the catalyst having a low specific surface area (calcined at relatively high temperature) favors the selective oxidation of methane to prepare CH_3Br, while the catalyst having a high specific surface area favors the deeper partial oxidation of methane, which is good for CH3Br and CO preparation. The 650 h on stream life-time test revealed that the catalytic performance of the 0.4Rh/SiO_2-900-10 catalyst was excellent. Both methane conversion and CH3Br selectivity kept increasing trends during the life-time test. No matter how serious was the Rh leaching during the reaction, the 0.4Rh/SiO_2-900-10 catalyst did not deactivate at all
Forecasting China's natural gas consumption based on a combination model

Ensuring a sufficient energy supply is essential to a country. Natural gas constitutes a vital part in energy supply and therefore forecasting natural gas consumption reliably and accurately is an essential part of a country's energy policy. Over the years, studies have shown that a combinative model gives better projected results compared to a single model. In this study, we used Polynomial Curve and Moving Average Combination Projection (PCMACP) model to estimate the future natural gas consumption in China from 2009 to 2015. The new proposed PCMACP model shows more reliable and accurate results: its Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) is less than those of any previous models within the investigated range. According to the PCMACP model, the average annual growth rate will increase for the next 7 years and the amount of natural gas consumption will reach 171600 million cubic meters in 2015 in China
Cross metathesis of butene-2 and ethene to propene over Mo/MCM-22-Al_2O_3 catalysts with different Al_2O_3 contents

A series of 3.0Mo/MCM-22-Al_2O_3 catalysts with γ-Al_2O_3 contents in the range of 0-100 wt% were prepared and applied in the metathesis reaction of ethene and butene-2. Addition of γ-Al_2O_3 did not affect the structure of MCM-22 zeolite as evidenced by XRD and N2 adsorption measurements. It was deduced from TPR experiments that γ-Al_2O_3 phase favored the formation of polymolybdate or multilayered Mo oxide, while more Al_2(MoO_4)_3 species were generated over MCM-22 zeolites. Alumina content in the support was directly related to the metathesis activity of ethene and butene-2 to propene. Mo species with higher valence (Mo6+or Mo5+) contributed more to the excellent performance of catalyst than metallic Mo. The best catalyst activity and stability was obtained over 3.0Mo/(MCM-22-30%Al_203) under the reaction condition of 1.0 MPa and 125 oC using N2 as the pretreatment gas
Selective CO methanation over amorphous Ni-Ru-B/ZrO_2 catalyst for hydrogen-rich gas purification

Amorphous Ni-Ru-B/ZrO2 catalysts were prepared by chemical reduction method. The effects of Ni-Ru-B loading and Ru/Ni mole ratio on the catalytic performance for selective CO methanation from reformed fuel were studied, and the catalysts were characterized by BET, ICP, XRD and TPD. The results showed that Ru strongly affected the catalytic activity and selectivity by increasing the thermal stability of amorphous structure, promoting the dispersion of the catalyst particle, and intensifying the CO adsorption. For the catalysts with Ru/Ni mole ratio under 0.15, the CO methanation conversion and selectivity increased significantly with the increasing Ru/Ni mole ratio. Among all the catalysts investigated, the 30 wt% Ni-Ru-B loading amorphous Ni_(61)Ru9B30/ZrO2 catalyst with 0.15 Ru/Ni mole ratio presented the best catalytic performance, over which higher than 99.9% of CO conversion was obtained in the temperature range of 230℃~250℃, and the CO_2 conversion was kept under the level of 0.9%
高压蒸汽锅炉在油脂精炼工艺中的应用

对高压蒸汽锅炉在油脂精炼工艺中的应用进行了介绍.介绍了高压蒸汽锅炉的选用原则,使用中的安全措施及注意事项,并分析了其热回收系统的节能减排效果.高压蒸汽锅炉具有安全,高效的优点,其热回收系统应用于大型高压蒸汽锅炉具备明显节能优势
Coarsening rate of microstructure in semi-solid aluminium alloys

The rate of microstructural coarsening of recrystallisation and partial melting (RAP) and cooling slope (CS) processed materials in the semi-solid state is compared with rates found in the literature. The rate of coarsening depended on the liquid fraction but RAP route 2014 alloy with 37% liquid coarsened slightly more slowly than the CS route 2014 alloy with a lower liquid fraction of 17%, contrary to expectations. For the CS route, an increase in liquid fraction resulted in faster coarsening. A modified 2014 alloy with Fe, Mn and Zn stripped out of the composition gave a relatively high coarsening rate. The coarsening rate was also relatively high for CS 201 alloy in comparison with either RAP 2014 or CS 2014. Low coarsening rates are thought to be associated with the presence of particles which inhibit the migration of liquid film grain boundaries. This could be the result of pinning or of the liquid film impeding diffusion at the boundary
Adsorption-extraction mechanism of heavy rare earth by Cyanex272-P507 impregnated resin

Instrument of IR spectrometer and methods of saturation, equimolar series change and slope were applied to study the extraction mechanism of Cyanex272-P507 impregnated resin for heavy rare earths from hydrochloric acid solution. The results show that the molar ratio of Cyanex272-P507 to rare earth in the extraction complex is 3. Chlorine ions do not participate in coordination. The extraction reaction can be expressed as RE~(3+)(a)+3/2 HA(r) +3/2HL(r)=[REA_(3/2)L_(3/2)](r)+3H+(a)(where HA represents Cyanex272 and HL represents P507). The synergic extractant formed in extraction chromatography is in a form of monopolymer and with a chemical structure of REA_(3/2)L_(3/2)
Thermal and piezoelectric properties of Bi_(3.15)Nd_(0.85)Ti_30_(12) thin film prepared by metal organic decomposition

Bi_(3.15)Nd_(0.85)Ti_3O_(12) (BNT) powder and thin film were prepared by metal organic decomposition (MOD) method. The heat flow curve of BNT powder was measured with a modulated temperature differential scanning calorimeter, and thermal physical parameters such as thermal conductivity coefficient and thermal diffusion coefficient were obtained from the heat flow curve. The phase identification, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric properties of BNT thin film annealed at 700 ℃ were investigated with X-ray diffractometer, ferroelectric analyzer, and scanning probe microscope. The results show that the thin films consisting of a single phase of bismuth-layered perovskite are polycrystalline, without a preferred orientation. Remnant polarization 2P_r is 63.2 μC/cm~2 under 530 kV/cm applied field, and the effective piezoelectric coefficient d33 is 30 pm/V
关于中西医结合心血管病临床试验若干问题的意见

发展中的医学应当具有两个重要的特点:创新性和可实践性.在我国中医和西医两种治疗途径并存的情况下,如何结合中医和西医各自的优势,做到真正提高现实世界中疾病的防治效果,最能体现这两个特点.创新,是指要解决两者联用中不可避免地要遇到的许多新问题;可实践,是指这种结合最终必须有助于解决临床实践中最需要解决的问题.临床试验是验证这些问题是否得到解决的金标准.临床试验进入我国的时间并不长,但已经逐渐为我国临床医师所认识和接受,也受到中西医结合临床工作者的极大关注,近年来已有不少临床试验的结果得到发表,有些研究也得到国际学界的认可.本期发表的<<关于中西医结合心血管病临床试验若干问题的意见>>在回顾既往经验和教训的基础上,对我国中西医结合心血管病临床试验的目的,设计,实施和应用等方面提出建议,不仅强调临床试验的科学性要求,而且强调从临床需求出发立题,从一开始就考虑到试验结果的可实践性.这是因为中西医结合临床试验不是简单的单一药物疗效考核,而是旨在探索已经用于临床的两种治疗途径的最佳结合方式,或是确定最佳的中西医结合治疗方案.因此,本文不仅对心血管专业,而且对其他专业的中西医结合临床试验也有一定的参考价值
Simulating Mechanism of Interaction Between Ports and Cities Based on System Dynamics: A Case of Dalian, China

Port-city system is a complex and integral system, and it can be simulated by system dynamic method, which is used to be employed to solve nonlinear problems. Based on the causality of the every element in the port-city system, the authors analyzed the feedback relation and logical relation among the system variables and system structure. A system-dynamic flow chart and correlation equations were put forward with VENSIM software, the quantitative relation was described, and the model was debugged. The development trend of the main influence factors in port-city system was simulated. By changing the parameters values of variables in the model, we studied the influence degree of each related factor. It is found that: 1) Foreign trade throughput of port play an important role in the development of export-oriented economy. 2) The development of primary industry and secondary industry affects most of the water transportation demand. With the constant increase of tertiary industry proportion in the industrial structure, the demand of national economy for water transportation decreases gradually. 3) Water transportation presents a kind of oversupply development situation, so port construction should properly slow down. 4) With the development of ports, its direct and indirect contribution to urban economy has been continuously increasing, but contribution rate will be continuously decreasing
Approximate Solution for Mechanism of Thermally and Wind-driven Ocean Circulation

The thermally and wind-driven ocean circulation is a complicated natural phenomenon in the atmospheric physics. Hence we need to reduce it using basic models and solve the models using approximate methods. A nonlinear model of the thermally and wind-driven ocean circulation is used in this paper. The results show that the zero solution of the linear equation is a stable focus point, which is the path curve trend origin point as time (t) trend to infinity. By using the homotopic mapping perturbation method, the exact solution of the model is obtained. The homotopic mapping perturbation method is an analytic solving method, so the obtained solution can be used for analytic operating sequentially. And then we can also obtain the diversified qualitative and quantitative behaviors for corresponding physical quantities
<<职业性手臂振动病诊断标准>>(GBZ 7-2002)存在的问题及其修订建议

GB27-2002<<职业性手臂振动病诊断标准>>~([1])(以下简称 <<标准>>)于2002年颁布实施,至今已有7年多,按照常规,已到对该<<标准>>进行修订的时间了.笔者结合近几年自己的研究成果和经验,特提出该<<标准>>中存在的问题以及对于修订该标准的几点建议,供同行参考,并为<<标准>>的修订做准备
有机磷中毒并发迟发性神经病的F波和A波改变

目的研究有机磷农药中毒并发迟发性神经病(OPIDN)患者周围神经的F波和A波,在评价有机磷农药中毒的近端神经系统损害中的意义.方法对24例有机磷农药中毒并发OPIDN的患者进行正中神经、尺神经、胫神经、腓神经的F波和A波的测定,并与正常对照组(30例)进行比较.结果24例OPIDN中F波异常19例,异常率为79.1%.主要表现为96条神经中有28条神经未引出 F波,26条为下肢,2条为上肢.引出的68条神经的F波中有27条出现A波,A波出现率为39.7%,F波引出率为73.8%.30例正常对照组中2例F波中引出A波,F波异常率为6.7%;120条神经F波引出率为1 00%;F波中引出的A波有4条,A波出现率为3.3%.两组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P< 0.05).OPIDN患者各检测神经F波中的F-M间期的平均值、最大值、最小值均明显延长,与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论F波和F波中的A波能客观有效地评价OPIDN患者近端神经的运动传导功能,为OPIDN患者的早期诊断提供依据
Preparation of sulphonate-containing core/shell latex particles via seeded emulsion copolymerization

In this study, P(St-MAA) seed latex particles were first prepared via soap-free emulsion polymerization of styrene (St) and methacrylic acid (MAA), then the seed particles were allowed to swell with St at room temperature, and the P(St-MAA)/P(St-NaSS) core/shell latex particles were then synthesized via seeded emulsion copolymerization of St and sodium styrene sulphonate (NaSS) using AIBN as initiator in the presence of N, N'-methylenebisacrylamide (BAA, water-soluble crosslinker). Results showed that the polymerization could be carried out smoothly when the ratio of BAA to total monomers was less than 3 mol%, the narrow dispersed P(St-MAA) seed particles with the diameter of 150 nm and the P(St-MAA)/P(St-NaSS) core/shell latexes with the particle size of about 200 nm were synthesized. When the 25/75 mole ratio of NaSS/(St + MAA) and 2 mol% of BAA were used in the seeded emulsion polymerization, the resulted P(St-MAA)/P(St-NaSS) latex product showed a low weight loss after water extraction, and the NaSS unit content in the whole particle and in the shell reached 11.7 mol% and 34.6 mol%, respectively
Greener approach towards the facile synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazol-5-yl cyanide derivatives at room temperature

This report describes triethylammonium acetate (TEAA) ionic liquid catalyzed one pot synthesis of 6-amino-4-aryl-5-cyano-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles by the reaction of aromatic aldehyde, malononitrile and 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one at room temperature. TEAA plays dual role as reaction media and catalyst. It can also be easily recovered and reused in several runs. TEAA provides greener reaction protocol to present methodology which obviates the need of organic solvents, expensive and toxic catalyst
A new flavone glycoside from Cancrinia discoidea (Ledeb.) Poljak

A new flavone glucoside, selagin-7-0-(6"-0-acetyl-)-β-D-glycoside, has been isolated from Cancrinia discoidea (Ledeb.) Poljak. Its structure was identified by spectroscopic methods, 2D NMR and MS. Compounds exhibited activity of anti-inflammatory in vitro
Preparation and characterization of porous TiO2/ZnO composite nanofibers via electrospinning

Porous TiO_2/ZnO composite nanofibers have been successfully prepared by electrospinning technique for the first time. It was generated by calcining TiO_2/ZnCl_2/PVP [PVP: poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)] nanofibers, which were electrospun from a mixture solution of TiO2, ZnC12 and PVP. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses were used to identify the morphology of the TiO_2/ZnO nanofibers and a formation of inorganic TiO_2/ZnO fibers. The porous structure of the TiO_2/ZnO fibers was characterized by N2 adsoption/desorption isotherm. Surface photovoltage spectroscopy (SPS) and photocatalytic activity measurements revealed advance properties of the porous TiO2/ZnO composite nanofibers and the results were compared with pure TiO2 nanofibers, pure ZnO nanofibers and TiO2/ZnO nanoparticles
y-Fe_20_3: A magnetic separable catalyst for synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles from nitriles and sodium azide

An efficient route for the synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazole via [2+3] cycloaddition of nitriles and sodium azide is reported using y-Fe_20_3 nanoparticles as a magnetic separable catalyst. Under optimized conditions, the moderate to good yields (71-95%) can be obtained. The catalyst can be easily separated by a magnet and reused for several circles
雷美替胺合成路线图解

雷美替胺(ramelteon,1),化学名为(S)-N-[2-(1,6,7,8-四氢-2H-茚并[5,4-b]呋喃-8-基)乙基]丙酰胺,是由日本武田制药公司研发的新型褪黑激素受体激动剂.2005年9月获FDA批准在美国上市,商品名Rozerem,可用于治疗难以入睡型失眠症,对慢性失眠和短期失眠也有确切疗效[1].本品能选择性激动褪黑激素1型受体和2型受体(MT1,MT2),增加慢波睡眠(SWS)和快动眼睡眠(REW),从而减少失眠.1口服起效快,作用时间长,不良反应少,是首个没有列为特殊管制的非成瘾失眠症治疗药物[2,3]
Developing anti-metallic contamination polyester membranes with nuclear pore technique

Surface contamination by conducting materials, metals in particular, is one of the important causes for electric breakdown of insulators under high voltage. In order to explore the feasibility of nuclear track modification for anti-metallic contamination, polyester membranes with different thickness were bombarded by 32S ions from the HI-13 tandem accelerator of CIAE. The tracks formed on the surface of the membranes were etched under different conditions. The insulating capability of the treated membranes was evaluated by using silver coatings to simulate the surface metallic contamination. The results indicated insulators with the surface modified by nuclear pore technique have an improved capability of anti-contamination of metals. The sample with 144 nm Ag coating is not breakdown under 1000 V
Dual time point FDG PET imaging in evaluating pulmonary nodules with low FDG avidity

A standardized uptake value(SUV) of 2.5 is frequently used as criteria to evaluate pulmonary lesions. However, false results may occur. Some studies have shown the usefulness of delayed PET for improving accuracy, while others recently have shown fewer promising results. This study was designed to investigate the accuracy of dual time point (DTP) FDG PET imaging in the evaluation of pulmonary lesions with an initial SUV less than 2.5. DTP FDG PET studies were conducted about 1 and 2 hours after FDG injection, and pulmonary lesions with an initial SUV less than 2.5 were identified. Nodules with pathologic results or imaging follow up were included. The differences in SUV and retention index (RI) between benign and malignant pulmonary lesions were analyzed. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was performed to evaluate the discriminating validity of SUV and RI. 51 lesions were finally included. A RI greater than 0% was observed in 64% of the benign lesions; 56% had a RI greater than 10%. Among the malignancies, 80.8% had a RI greater than 0%, and 61.5% had a RI greater than 10%. We found no significant differences in SUV and RI between benign and malignant lesions. The area under the ROC curve did not differ from 0.5 whether using SUV or the retention index. Utilizing a SUV increase of 10%, the sensitivity was 61.5%, specificity 44% and accuracy was 52.9%. Dual time point FDG PET may not be of benefit in the evaluation of pulmonary nodules with low FDG avidity
Design and simulation of Gaussian shaping amplifier made only with CMOS FET for FEE of particle detector

The objective of this paper is to design and simulate a shaping amplifier circuit for silicon strip, Si(Li), CdZnTe and Csl detectors, etc., which can be further integrated the whole system and adopted to develop CMOS -based application, specific integrated circuit for Front End Electronics(FEE) of read-out system of nuclear physics, particle physics and astrophysics research, etc. It's why we used only CMOS transistor to develop the entire system. A Pseudo-Gaussian shaping amplifier made by fourth-order integration stage and a differentiation stage give a result same as a true CR-RC4 filter, we perform shaping time in the range, 465 ns to 2.76 μ s with a low output resistance and the linearity almost good
颈复康颗粒配合手法推拿治疗颈椎病40例

颈椎病是指因颈椎退行性变引发颈椎管或椎间孔变形、狭窄,刺激、压迫颈部脊髓、神经根、交感神经,造成其结构或功能性损害所引起的头晕、头痛、颈肩上肢疼痛发麻,胸痛,甚至下肢痉挛性瘫痪等的一种病变,是中老年人常见病和多发病. 笔者多年来运用颈复康颗粒配合手法治疗颈椎病40例,取得了比较满意的疗效
rTPA溶栓治疗3例急性血栓性机械瓣功能障碍

rTPA是一种糖蛋白,可激活纤溶酶原成为纤溶酶,多用于急性冠状动脉阻塞、肺栓塞及脑卒中的溶栓治疗.2007至 2008年间我们尝试应用rTPA治疗3例急性血栓性机械瓣功能障碍病人,均取得成功,现报道如下
滨海宜居环境评价指标体系的初步构建----以上海为例

立足滨海环境,在宜居环境和宜居城市等概念的基础上,提出了滨海宜居环境的概念?.上海为例,依据指标选择的原则,参照相关宜居城市评价指标体系,结合上海滨海环境特点,从社会文明度?,济富裕度?,境优美度?,共安全度和生活便宜度5大方面,建立了上海滨海宜居环境的评价指标体系?.时,按照初步建立的上海滨海宜居环境评价指标体系,上海的滨海环境宜居指数为86.54?.照等级划分标准,上海滨海环境为"宜居环境"
基于共容利益理论的流域水污染府际合作治理探讨

由于流域水环境具有准公共物品性质,共容利益使得流域上?,游利益主体的合作变得必然和可能,但这并不构成地方政府合作的充分条件?.前有些流域制定了合作行动协议,但是这些合作行动仅属于非制度性的合作协调机制,没有充分考虑地方政府的利益主体地位,从而导致合作效果不明显?.共容利益理论的角度,探讨了流域水污染合作治理中的利益博弈结构?.分析发现,要真正实现流域水污染的府际合作治理,需要建立科学的地方政府绩效评估制度?,立区域生态补偿机制?,立跨界水污染经济赔偿机制和完善公众参与水环境保护的制度
中国二噁英管理策略研究

通过研究美国,日本,欧盟二噁英管理方式,构建中国二噁英全过程管理体系,建立,完善二噁英削减和控制长效机制,进而实现中国二噁英管理.全过程管理体系包括源头控制,过程控制和末端控制,即通过严格把关环境准入,实施"三同时"制度进行源头控制,鼓励企业实施清洁生产审核和ISO14001环境管理认证进行过程控制,实施二噁英排污许可和排放申报制度进行末端控制.建立二噁英削减和控制长效机制,即通过建设法律,标准和技术规范体系,实施经济刺激,加强行政管理来保证二噁英削减和控制工作的稳步进行
关于建立低碳标志认证制度的初步设想

低碳标志认证制度是实现温室气体减排和促进国际贸易发展的有效手段,大力发展低碳标志认证制度是顺应国际趋势?,合中国国情的必然选择?.分析中国开展低碳标志工作必要性的基础上,结合国内先进经验,初步设计中国低碳标志认证制度框架,并根据中国的自身特点提出推进低碳标志认证制度的若干建议,为推进中国经济向低碳经济模式转型?,一步提升中国在国际贸易中的竞争力奠定基础
An implementation assessment of China's Environmental Information Disclosure Decree

China's 2007 Open Government Information Regulations is widely considered as a milestone in the country's information policy history and is praised as a "sunshine program". The Environmental Information Disclosure Decree was the first to operationalize these general regulations into a sectoral information disclosure system on environment. This study assessed the implementation of the environmental information disclosure system about six months after the Decree took effect on May 1, 2008. Through reviewing the websites of all 31 provincial Environmental Protection Bureaus and the Ministry of Environmental Protection, conducting an experiment with actual information disclosure request, and through interviews with all provincial Environmental Protection Bureaus, this article concluded that the implementation of the environmental information disclosure system still falls short. Future improvements should focus on further publicity of the regulations and decree to enhance public participation, the establishment of an independent evaluation and supervision system for information disclosure, the exchange of experiences and best practices among provincial Environmental protection Bureaus, and on strengthening the legal status of environmental information disclosure