mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
柱面基准下的深度图像建模研究

不规则三角网模型重建点云模型是目前已经成熟的算法,但该算法具有较大的时间复杂度和空间复杂度,尤其是无法提取模型的几何参数,而三维模型重建后的几何参数的描述却具有重要的作用。针对这一问题,本文将传统深度图像概念拓展到了三维,并提出了一种基于柱面基准的深度图像三维重建方法。首先利用高斯映射法和几何法确定柱面模型初值,再进一步通过Levenberg-Marquardt算法进行全局参数优化得到柱面参数曲面,将拟合的圆柱作为新的基准面进行点云格网化并计算深度值,所得到的具有栅格结构的深度值即为深度图像,进而得到基于深度图像的三维圆柱实体模型。试验表明,该方法在不降低精细纹理表达的前提下能够有效地实现快速构网,同时保留了几何参数信息等优势。
国家基础地理信息数据库建设与更新

介绍了国家基础地理信息数据库的建设背景、发展历程、更新现状和应用情况,重点阐述了目前国家基础地理信息数据库更新工作的总体部署、技术路线、组织实施和更新效果,并简要进行了现状评述和前景展望。
儿童异位促皮质素综合征追踪发现支气管肺不典型类癌1例

库欣综合征(CS)是肾上腺产生皮质醇过多(内源性)或持续摄入糖皮质激素(外源性)引起的临床症候群。内源性CS包括3种不同的病理来源:垂体、肾上腺和异位性。CS中约15%为异位CS(ECS),由垂体外恶性肿瘤自发分泌促皮质素(ACTH)引起。皮质醇增多症在儿科少见,异位ACTH综合征(EAS)就更少见。手术切除是EAS的根本治疗方法,但寻找肿瘤的过程有时十分困难。现将1例皮质醇增多症患儿诊断EAS,临床表现严重,全身反复影像学检查寻找异位肿瘤病灶无结果,为缓解临床症状,进行腹腔镜手术切除双侧肾上腺,追踪3年基本恢复正常生活,现将肿瘤的诊疗经过进行分析,以提高对该病的认识。
The inverse correlation between series resistance and parallel resistance of small molecule organic solar cells

Understanding the inversely correlated series resistance (R_s) and parallel resistance (R_p) remains a challenge. Here we report that the variation of R_s and R_p is inversely related through the morphology of the donor and acceptor interface in CuPc organic solar cells, when comparing the bilayer structure and bulk heterojunction structure. It was also found that the charge carrier concentration near the donor–acceptor interface plays an important role in the relationships of R_s and R_p under fixed interfacial morphology, which was verified by the change of V_(oc). The inversely correlated R_s and R_p contributes to the improvement of the fill factor, and in turn the power conversion efficiency.
Cell therapy in diabetes:current progress and future prospects

Diabetes mellitus, characterized by the impaired metabolism of insulin secretion in β cells, is becoming one of the most prevalent diseases around the world. Recently, cell replacement based on differentiation of various pluripotent stem cells, including embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells and multipotent stem cells, such as bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, adipose-derived stem cells and gnotobiotic porcine skin-derived stem cells, is becoming a promising therapeutic strategy. Cells derived from pancreatic tissues or other tissues that are relevant to β cell differentiation have also been used as cell source. However, in spite of hopeful experimental results, cell therapy in diabetes still confronts certain obstacles, such as purity of cells, functional differentiation of stem cells and possible tumorigenesis, which, in turn, lead to the seeking of new-generation tools, such as xenogenetic materials. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge and future prospects of cell therapy in diabetes mellitus.
Metamorphism and zircon U-Pb dating of garnet amphibolite in the Baoyintu Group, Inner Mongolia

Garnet amphibolite in the Baoyintu Group, Inner Mongolia, is mainly composed of garnet, hornblende, plagioclase, quartz and minor rutile/ilmenite. Garnet occurs as porphyroblasts surrounded by plagioclase, forming typical "white-eye socket" texture. Garnet shows grossular content of 0.26-0.28 and pyrope of 0.11-0.13, without significant zoning. Plagioclase is generally zoned with anorthite (An) increasing from core to rim. The P-T pseudosection calculated using THERMOCALC in the system MnNCKFMASHTO shows that the garnet amphibolite experienced a clockwise P-T path with a peak at *1.3 GPa/725 ℃ defined from the minimum An content in plagioclase and maximum pyrope content in garnet, followed by an isothermal decompression. LA-ICP-MS zircon dating for the garnet amphibolite indicates metamorphic ages of 399 ± 6 Ma. The peak P-T condition corresponds to a thermal gradient of *18 ℃/km, indicating typical medium-pressure type that commonly occurs in orogenic process with crustal thickening. We prefer to interpret this orogenic event to be a result of collision, following the closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean before the early Devonian although there is a popular view that the Paleo-Asian Ocean may have lasted to the early Mesozoic.
Smart load control of the large-scale offshore wind turbine blades subject to wake effect

The smart fatigue load control of a large-scale wind turbine blade subject to wake effect was numerically investigated in this paper. The performances were evaluated and compared at selected typical wind speeds within the whole operational region under three turbine layout strategies, i.e., column, row and array arrangements, together with a single turbine case as reference, utilizing our newly developed aero-servo-elastic platform. It was observed that not only the blade fatigue loads but the stabilities of power and collective pitch angle were effectively controlled for all cases, especially at the highest studied hub velocity of 20 m/s, leading to the averaged reduction percentages in the standard deviations of the flapwise root moment, the flapwise tip deflection and the root damage equivalent load, of about 30.0 %, 20.0 % and 20.0 %, respectively. Furthermore, the control effectiveness gradually lessened in the sequences of single, column, row and array cases, with successively increasing effective turbulence intensity, within regions II and III. The performances in region III, associated with the impaired flow separation on the blade by the effective pitching action, were much better than those in region II, related to enhanced flow detachment. In addition, at the rated wind velocity, the control for the array case was superior over other three cases, which was thought to be originated from the more pitch activities to impair the uncontrolled flow separation on the blade surface.
Low-temperature SCR activity and SO_2 deactivation mechanism of Ce-modified V_2O_5–WO_3/TiO_2 catalyst

The promotion effect of ceria modification on the low-temperature activity of V_2O_5-WO_3/TiO_2 catalyst was evaluated for the selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH_3 (NH_3-SCR). The catalytic activity of 1 wt% V_2O_5-WO_3/TiO_2 was significantly enhanced by the addition of 8 wt% ceria, which exhibited a NO_x conversion above 80% in a broad temperature range 190–450 °C. This performance was comparable with 3 wt% V_2O_5-WO_3/TiO_2, indicating that the addition of ceria contributed to reducing the usage of toxic vanadia in developing low-temperature SCR catalysts. Moreover, V1CeWTi exhibited approximately 10% decrease in NO_x conversion in the presence of 60 ppm SO_2. The characterization results indicated that active components of V, W and Ce were well dispersed on TiO_2 support. The synergetic interaction between Ce and V species by forming V–O–Ce bridges enhanced the reducibility of VCeWTi catalyst and thus improved the low-temperature activity. The sulfur poisoning mechanism was also presented on a basis of the designed TPDC (temperature-programmed decomposition) and TPSR (temperature-programmed surface reaction) experiments. The deposition of (NH_4)_2SO_4 on V1CeWTi catalyst was much smaller compared with that on V1Ti. On the other hand, the oxidation of SO_2 to SO_3 was significantly promoted on the CeO_2-modified catalyst, accompanied by the formation of cerium sulfates. Therefore, the deactivation of this catalyst was mainly attributed to the vanishing of the V–Ce interaction and the sulfation of active ceria.
加强囊型棘球蚴病Eg95疫苗的研究

囊型棘球蚴病(cystic echinococcosis,CE)又称囊型包虫病,是细粒棘球绦虫(Echinococcus granulosus,Eg)的续绦期幼虫引起的一种严重危害人类健康的人兽共患寄生虫病。棘球蚴病呈全球性分布,主要流行于牧区和半牧区。我国棘球蚴病主要流行或散发在西北、华北、东北以及西南广大农牧区,约23个省、市和自治区,以新疆、甘肃、宁夏、青海、西藏、四川西北部和陕西多见。随着现代社会的发展,人口流动的增加,宠物犬和经济动物狐狸的养殖数量日益增多,导致棘球蚴病从我国西北部向东南部、由畜牧地区向农业地区蔓延扩散。因此,囊型棘球蚴病的预防和控制及疫苗的研究已成为目前研究的热点领域。
Optical manipulation in optofluidic microbubble resonators

An optical manipulation system based on optofluidic microbubble resonators (MBR) is proposed. As the high-Q whispering gallery modes (WGMs) are excited in an MBR, the buildup of the field intensity inside the resonator is large enough to trap nanoscale particles. The optical gradient forces generated by the WGMs with different radial orders are investigated numerically. The negative effect of the resonance detuning induced by the particles is taken into account to investigate the optical gradient forces exerting on the particles. By the stability analysis, the WGMs with high radial orders show a better trapping stability under Brownian motion since most of the optical fields reside within the water core.
Triaxiality and shape coexistence in the A ～ 30 “island of inversion” nuclei

Understanding the properties of nuclei inside “island of inversion” is still an interesting issue. Based on a simple Nilsson model with a new set of isospin-dependent parameters, and with non-axial deformations considered, we have performed three-dimensional potential-energy-surface calculations for Ne, Na, Mg and Al isotopes that are claimed to be in or nearby the A ～ 30 “island of inversion”. It is found that shape coexistence and triaxial deformation (or softness) exist in these nuclei. Large deformations are obtained by the improved Nilsson parameters, which explains the observed large electric quadrupole transition probabilities. The large deformations happening in ~(30)Ne, ~(31)Na, ~(32)Mg and ~(33)Al indicate the quenching of the spherical N = 20 neutron shell gap. The calculations of nuclear binding and two-neutron separation energies have been also improved with the isospin-dependent parameters and the inclusion of the non-axial deformation degree of freedom.
Towards unlocking high-performance of supercapacitors:From layered transition-metal hydroxide electrode to redox electrolyte

Both energy density and power density are crucial for a supercapacitor device, where the trade-off must be made between the two factors towards a practical application. Herein we focus on pseudocapacitance produced from the electrode and the electrolyte of supercapacitors to simultaneously achieve high energy density and power density. On the one hand, layered transition metal hydroxides (Ni(OH)_2 and Co(OH)_2) are introduced as electrodes, followed with exploration of the effect of the active materials and the substrate on the electrochemical behavior. On the other hand, various redox electrolytes are utilized to improve the specific capacitance of an electrolyte. The roadmap is to select an appropriate electrode and a dedicated electrolyte in order to achieve high electrochemical performance of the supercapacitors.
High-energy cathode materials for Li-ion batteries:A review of recent developments

Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) represent one of the most promising solutions for environmentally friendly transportation such as electric vehicles. The demand for high energy density, low cost and environmentally friendly batteries makes high-capacity cathode materials very attractive for future LIBs. Layered LiNi_xCo_yMn_zO_2 (x+y+z=1), Li-rich oxides and Li-V-O compounds have attracted much attention due to their high capacities in recent years. In this review, we focus on the state-of-the-art research activities related to LiNi_xCo_yMn_zO_2, Li-rich oxides and Li-V-O compounds, including their structures, reaction mechanisms during cycling, challenges and strategies that have been studied to improve their electrochemical performances.
Rapid earthquake focal mechanism inversion using high-rate GPS velometers in sparse network

In this study, we demonstrate an approach for inverting earthquake source parameters based on high-rate global positioning system (GPS) velocity seismograms. The velocity records obtained from single-station GPS velocity solutions with broadcast ephemeris are used directly for earthquake source parameter inversion using the Cut and Paste method, without requiring conversion of the velocity records into displacement records. Taking the El Mayor-Cucapah earthquake as an example, GPS velocity records from 10 stations with reasonable azimuthal coverage provide earthquake source parameters very close to those from the Global centroid moment tensor (Global CMT) solution. In sparse network tests, robust source parameters with acceptable bias can be achieved with as few as three stations. When the number of stations is reduced to two, the bias in rake angle becomes appreciable, but the magnitude and strike estimations are still robust. The results of this study demonstrate that rapid and reliable estimation of earthquake source parameters can be obtained from GPS velocity data. These parameters could be used for early earthquake warning and shake map construction, because such GPS velocity records can be obtained in real time.
Least-squares reverse-time migration for reflectivity imaging

A least-squares reverse-time migration scheme is presented for reflectivity imaging. Based on an accurate reflection modeling formula, this scheme produces amplitude-preserved stacked reflectivity images with zero phase. Spatial preconditioning, weighting and the Barzilai-Borwein method are applied to speed up the convergence of the least-squares inversion. In addition, this scheme compensates the effect of ghost waves to broaden the bandwidth of the reflectivity images. Furthermore, roughness penalty constraint is used to regularize the inversion, which in turn stabilizes inversion and removes high-wavenumber artifacts and mitigates spatial aliasing. The examples of synthetic and field datasets demonstrate the scheme can generate zerophase reflectivity images with broader bandwidth, higher resolution, fewer artifacts and more reliable amplitudes than conventional reverse-time migration.
CIECIA:一个新的气候变化集成评估模型及其对全球合作减排方案的评估

针对目前主流的IAM的缺陷, 从全球经济一般均衡和技术进步的角度出发, 构建了一个新的气候变化经济学集成评估模型:CIECIA. CIECIA的经济内核由一个多国多部门一般均衡模型构成, 保障了全球一般均衡, 克服了主流模型的不足, 并引入了分部门的内生的过程技术进步机制. 在模型的基础上, 本文提出了全球气候保护合作方案的三个评估原则:有效性、可行性和公平性, 并对当前主要的全球碳减排方案进行了模拟和分析.模拟结果显示:本文选择分析的6种方案都能满足到2100年的气候保护目标, 因此都是有效的合作减排方案, 但各方案在可行性和公平性上差别较大. 其中, Stern方案有利于发达国家的发展, 对发展中国家不公平; Nordhaus方案则有利于发展中国家发展, 但会对发达国家造成一定的影响; 人均碳排放趋同和累计人均碳排放趋同方案对中低发展中国家较为有利, 但是会对包括中国在内的世界主要经济体的经济发展造成较大的影响; 在经济平稳增长方案上改进得到的帕累托改进方案兼顾碳减排过程中的公平性和可行性, 实现了所有减排参与国经济利益的帕累托改进, 因此最为合理.
铅冶炼污染区小麦籽粒镉含量及低积累品种筛选

从已有研究看,小麦属于对土壤重金属有较强积累能力的作物,土壤重金属污染区易发生小麦籽粒镉超标现象。本研究选择100个小麦品种或品系(其中品种88个,品系为12个),在河南省西北部某铅污染农田中种植,收获后测定籽粒镉含量,以评判河南省铅冶炼污染区小麦籽粒镉积累现状并选出对镉积累程度较低的小麦品种。
Role of oxygen defects in inducing the blue photoluminescence of zinc oxide films deposited by magnetron sputtering

A number of zinc oxide (ZnO) films are deposited on silicon substrates using the magnetron sputtering method. After undergoing thermal treatment under different conditions, those films exhibit hexagonal wurtzite structures and different photoluminescent characteristics. Besides the notable ultraviolet emission, which is related to the free exciton effect, a distinct blue fluorescence around 475 nm is found in some special samples. The blue photoluminescence emission of the ZnO film is believed to be caused by oxygen vacancies.
Observation of ~1S_0-~3P_0 transition of bosonic strontium in the Lamb-Dicke regime

We report experiments on the observation of the ~1S_0_ ~3P_0 transition spectrum of ~(88)Sr in the Lamb-Dicke regime. After going through a two-stage magneto-optical trap (MOT),~(88)Sr cold atoms with number of about 1 × 10~5 and a longitudinal temperature of 8.4 μK are loaded into a one-dimensional (1D) optical lattice, which is realized with a semiconductor laser at 813.4 nm. Using the magnetic field-inducing ~3P_1 state mixing into ~3P_0 state, the spectroscopy of the ~1S_0 - ~3P_0 transition with a linewidth of 180 Hz is detected.
2015年美国疾病控制中心性传播疾病的诊断和治疗指南(续)--性侵犯/虐待受害者性传播疾病的诊断和治疗指南

本指南仅针对性侵犯/虐待受害者性传播疾病(STD)的发现、预防、治疗及治疗指征。有关性侵犯/虐待调查、收集非微生物学标本等法医档案及对有妊娠可能或生理/心理创伤处理等不在本指南范围。为使受害者远期创伤最小化,必须由有经验的临床医师对受害者进行检查操作。为诊断STD而获得生殖道标本或其他标本前必须征得受害者同意。滴虫病、细菌性阴道病、淋病和沙眼衣原体(CT)感染是受害者最常见的感染,但受害者存在这些感染未必就是在性侵犯/虐待过程中获得的。女性CT和淋病奈瑟菌(NG)感染可引起上行性感染。受害者在性侵犯/虐待后注射乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)疫苗可预防感染乙肝。女性受害者也有感染人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)的风险,推荐26岁以上女性接种HPV疫苗。需评估育龄女性受害者是否妊娠。
妊娠不同时期孕妇选择分娩方式的意愿调查

目的调查孕妇在妊娠早、中、晚期对分娩方式的认知情况,探索孕产妇健康教育的模式。 方法2011年9月1日至2012年9月1日,在首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院产前检查的孕妇中,排除体外受精-胚胎移植妊娠者,纳入年龄>22~<35岁、B超证实宫内妊娠7~12周、单胎妊娠、无严重合并症的初产妇300例。在产科门诊开展面对面问卷调查。妊娠7~12周时调查孕妇的分娩知识的信息来源、希望选择的分娩方式、对阴道分娩的认知情况等。妊娠24~28周和妊娠≥37周时调查分娩知识的信息来源等。最终回收有效问卷246例。孕妇分娩后记录分娩方式及剖宫产指征。采用独立样本t检验和χ~2检验进行统计学分析。结果妊娠早期主要信息来源是书籍[58.1% (143/246)]和网络[47.6% (117/246)]。产科医生宣教从妊娠早期的17.9% (44/246)增加到妊娠中期的53.8% (133/246)。妊娠晚期信息来源也以产科医生宣教为主[45.3% (111/246)]。246例孕妇中,参加孕妇学校课程6~8次者仅占6.1% (15/246),69.9% (172/246)仅参加1~2次。妊娠早期调查结果显示,74.4% (183/246)的孕妇希望阴道分娩,6.5% (16/246)希望剖宫产,19.1%(47/246)尚不能决定。妊娠早期希望阴道分娩组对阴道分娩的认知得分高于希望剖宫产组[分别为(4.8±1.5)与(2.6±2.0)分,t=7.526,P=0.021]。仅有32.9% (81/249)认为阴道分娩对产妇损伤较小,仅有30.9% (76/246)认为阴道分娩不影响夫妻性生活。69.1% (170/246)经阴道分娩,30.9% (76/246)剖宫产分娩。76例剖宫产的指征中,母体因素占76.3% (58/76),胎儿因素占19.7% (15/76),无医学指征的社会因素占3.9% (3/76)。 结论大部分孕妇主观上希望阴道分娩;妊娠早期的分娩知识来源主要为网络和书籍,妊娠中晚期知识来源主要为医生宣教;分娩知识认知水平较高者更希望阴道分娩。
低促性腺激素性性腺功能减退症合并1型糖尿病及桥本甲状腺炎1例报告并文献复习

低促性腺激素性性腺功能减退症(HH)是一种由于促性腺激素释放激素或促性腺激素缺乏,导致性腺功能减退的遗传异质性疾病。先天性HH又称为特发性低促性腺激素性性腺功能减退症(IHH)。IHH合并嗅觉障碍者称为Kallmann综合征,无嗅觉障碍者称为nIHH。在男性患者中常表现为小阴茎或小睾丸、阴毛和(或)腋毛缺如、少精或无精症、不育等。目前有研究表明,低促性腺激素性性腺功能减退症患者体内可产生促性腺激素的自身抗体,导致其发生自身免疫性疾病的风险显著增加。本文报道1例HH合并1型糖尿病及桥本甲状腺炎的患者资料,,并回顾相关文献,探讨低促性腺激素性性腺功能减退症和自身免疫性疾病的关系及机制。
亨廷顿舞蹈病一家系

HD的遗传方式为常染色体显性遗传。男女均可能患病,且每代均可能有患者出现。在我们报告的家系中,I_1将致病突变传递给了三个子女:Ⅱ_4、Ⅱ_5、Ⅱ_8,而Ⅱ_5又将其传递给了Ⅲ_(11)。由于I_2正常,故其后代中的患者均为杂合子。同理,Ⅲ_(11)也为杂合子,其子女均有50%的机会患病。根据基因检测的结果,Ⅳ_5为症状前患者,由于该病延迟发病,尚无法确定Ⅳ_5的发病年龄。Ⅲ_(11)若再生育,须进行产前诊断,确定胎儿的基因型,以避免患者出生。此外,I_1发病年龄为42岁,Ⅱ代则为37~40岁,Ⅲ_(11)为35岁,呈逐代早发的趋势,提示存在遗传早现。
染色体异常核型三例

例3为46,XX/46,XX,-2(18) + 18p- + 18p+两种细胞系的嵌合体。两种细胞比例为1: 1,即是在受精卵第一次有丝分裂形成的两个分裂球,其中一个分裂球发生了18p+18p-。 即一个18号染色体短臂1区1带3亚带断裂接到另一条染色体末端(可能为18pter的端粒缺失)形成del(18)(pll. 3:)dup (18)(qter→p11.3::pll.3)。这个个体形成生殖细胞时将有1/ 4的配子为del(18)(pll. 3:),1/4的配子含dup(18) (qter→pll.3::pll.3),合子形成时将成为18pll.3的单体和三体,18pll. 32为浅染带(结构基因所在部位),所以18pll. 3的缺失与重复,从遗传角度分析会引起胎儿轻微智力障碍,嘱其再孕时于18~24周做产前诊断。
46,XX,t(2;4;10)复杂易位伴多次不良生育史一例

讨论复杂易位(complex chromosome rearrangements,CCR)是发生在两个以上染色体,存在3个或更多断裂点的平衡易位。女性多发,半数为家族遗传。该患者的染色体核型是涉及到2号、4号和10号3条染色体的复杂易位,存在3个断裂点,但表形正常,属于较罕见的染色体核型。患者既往的异常孕产史及此次妊娠胎儿超声异常应与此染色体复杂易位有关。3条易位的染色体并不是同源染色体,因此易位应该是发生在配子中,即其父母的精子或卵子在受精前发生的“一次击中”事件中形成的。由于患者父母曾生育过两个孩子均夭折,因此不能排除其父母染色体核型异常的可能性。但因其拒绝外周血染色体核型分析检查,故此复杂易位是否为家族遗传尚不能确定。国外研究表明3条染色体的平衡易位在反复自然流产中的比率约为1%。针对复杂易位的遗传咨询,国外学者认为复杂易位携带者的妊娠结局中不平衡易位占75%,平衡易位占12.5%,正常核型仅占12.5%。但这个结果并不一定适用于全部复杂易位的遗传咨询。针对此类患者,应建议其在下次妊娠时行产前诊断,以降低出生缺陷的发生。
气相色谱-质谱法测定EVA发泡材料中的甲酰胺

乙烯-醋酸乙烯树脂(EVA)具有良好的发泡性能和优异的回弹耐老化性、耐龟裂性,因而广泛用于如地垫、鞋垫用发泡片材及其它发泡体如童车轮、隔音板、汽车零部件、缓踏板、体操垫、游艇防护板等。然而EVA发泡材料常含有对人体有害的甲酰胺,其来源主要是发泡剂偶氮二甲酰胺在受热发泡过程中分解产物甲酰胺的残留。甲酰胺对人的皮肤黏膜和眼睛有刺激作用,对肝肾和植物神经功能也有影响,甚至影响人的免疫力,因而人们使用这些材料,特别是儿童长期接触、甚至误食都会带来危害。
高频感应燃烧-红外吸收光谱法测定碳化硅中总碳含量

碳化硅又称金刚砂,主要由石英砂、石油焦等原料通过电阻炉炼制而成,是一种高强度、耐磨削、耐高温、耐腐蚀的无机材料,具有高热导率、高化学稳定性、宽带隙以及高电子迁移率等优良的性能,在机械、电子、新材料等领域有着广泛的应用。碳化硅中的总碳含量是评价碳化硅性能的主要指标之一,不同领域中对其含量都有明确规定。目前测定碳化硅中总碳含量的方法主要有燃烧重量法、气体容量法、非水滴定法和库仑法等。这4种方法的前处理手段相同,都需要将试样与合适的助熔剂在氧气流中经高温燃烧使全部的碳转化为二氧化碳,不同的是二氧化碳的收集与测量方法。其中燃烧重量法与气体容量法接近,分别为碱石棉吸收称重和量气管测量体积;非水滴定法和库仑法比较接近,都是碱性物质吸收二氧化碳,分别用指示剂和库仑电位确定终点。但无论采用上述哪种方法,操作都繁琐、耗时,而且容易出现人为错误,已无法满足目前生产、科研对测试快速、准确、精度高的要求。
手部软组织缺损显微外科修复的国内文献复习

创伤致手部皮肤软组织缺损是临床上的常见病和多发病,多合并有肌腱、骨骼、关节损伤或外露等,是手外科治疗比较棘手的问题。保留和恢复手部解剖结构的完整性是其发挥良好功能的先决条件之一,外科皮瓣在手部软组织缺损修复中的作用不可或缺,显微外科治疗是恢复其完整性及重建功能的有效手段。目前手部皮肤软组织缺损显微外科修复的方法多种多样,在实际的临床工作中,根据不同的损伤部位、周围的皮肤软组织条件、医生本身对技术的掌握程度以及患者的需求等灵活选择修复方法,实现较小的供区损伤达到最佳的修复效果和患者利益的最大化是显微外科医生不断追求的目标。本文就手部软组织缺损显微外科修复的临床进展作一综述。
桡动脉腕横纹穿支皮瓣的解剖及临床应用

目的探讨桡动脉腕横纹穿支皮瓣的解剖基础及游离移植修复手指软组织缺损的手术疗效。方法采用20例成人上肢标本,红色乳胶灌注后,观测桡动脉在腕部发出的皮动脉(腕横纹穿支)的数目、管径、高度及分布范围。对2014年3月至2014年11月收治的24例手指皮肤组织缺损的患者,分别实施了桡动脉腕横纹穿支为蒂的腕部掌侧皮瓣游离移植修复创面。结果20例标本均存在腕部桡动脉或桡动脉掌浅支发出腕横纹穿支。皮瓣感觉由正中神经掌皮支、桡神经浅支、前臂外侧皮神经的分支支配。临床研究结果显示23例皮瓣全部成活,创面I期愈合,1例皮瓣远端部分坏死,经积极换药治疗后创面愈合,随访3 ~ 9个月,平均约6个月。皮瓣外形满意,质地柔软,术后6个月皮瓣区域两点辨别觉为6 ~ 10 mm,平均8.8 mm。皮瓣的供区无瘢痕挛缩,腕关节屈、伸活动无受限。结论桡动脉腕横纹穿支起始、走行及分布较为恒定,且有皮神经分布,可成为修复手指创面较好的皮瓣之一。
New Technology “Flotation to Form Agglomerates and Magnetic Separation” Allows Great Breakthrough for World Low-Grade Light Rare Earth Ores

Rare earth resources are relatively scarce worldwide, but their global consumption is increasing year-by-year. At present, China has about 36% of the global rare earth reserves, but provides 90% of the world's supply, which has generally met world demand and promoted the development of the world economy. In order to continuously and stably supply rare earths to international markets, the Chinese Government has financially supported the Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources within the China Geological Survey to study the utilization of low-grade rare earth ores. Following many years of experimental research, the project has developed a new technology entitled “Flotation to Form Agglomerates and then Magnetic Separation”, which will bring a technological revolution to the world's light rare earth ore dressing.
Magmatic Evolution and Mineralization of Porphyry Copper-Gold Deposits in the Duolong Ore Concentration Area, Tibet

The Bangong Lake-Nujiang River metallogenic belt is located between the Qiangtang Block and Lhasa Block, and the Duolong ore concentration area is located in the western section of the Bangong Lake-Nujiang River metallogenic belt. Till now, several large and super large copper-gold deposits, such as Duobuza, Bolong, Dibaonamugang, Naruo and Rongna deposits have been discovered in this area, mainly porphyry copper-gold ones.
Age of the Purported Zhanjin Formation in Gerze County, Tibet:A New Understanding and Its Significance

The Upper Carboniferous Zhanjin Formation has attracted much attention from geoscientists for containing glacial–marine diamictite and cold-water fauna typified by the bivalve Eurydesma. The presence of this Formation has provided important evidence for determining the northern border of Gondwana. Previous researchers have classified those strata north of Niangrong Co in the Gerze region as part of the Zhanjin Formation based on the presence of glacial–marine diamictite, although the absence of biological fossil evidence has defied clear age determination. Our field investigations first discovered large quantities of corals, sponges and bryozoans. All coral fossils were identified as belonging to the Hexacorallia subclass including 13 genera and 25 species, primarily including Conophyllia guiyangensis Deng et Kong, Coryphyllia regularis Cuif, Cuifia columnaris Roniewicz, Distichophyllia norica Frech, Distichophyllia gigas Vinassa de Regny, Pamiroseris rectilamellosa Winkler, Retiophyllia clathrata Emmrich, and Retiophyllia paraclathrata Roniewicz. Extensive biostratigraphic correlations show that the hexacorallia should belong to the Late Triassic, thereby negating the presence of the Zhanjin Formation in the study area. Based on analyses of sedimentary facies and detailed study of the glacial–marine diamictite as supposed by earlier researchers, the limestone blocks and gravels within the facies are slope facies olistostromes and waterway sediments from lime slurry debris flows in the submarine fan rather than primary sedimentary products. Among them, lenticular sandstone should be sequentially distributed waterway sand bodies, indicating that the strata have no glacial–marine diamictite. In addition, the rocks containing the mentioned fossils are just limestone blocks from olistostromes, and limestone gravels from waterways of submarine fans. Such a result further negates the presence of the Zhanjin Formation in the study area, and indicates that the age of the studied strata should be youner than the Late Triassic. Through regional stratigraphic comparisons and the study of tectonic settings of the strata, the sedimentary characteristics of the subject strata, including lithology, lithofacies and fossils, are confirmed to be similar to the widely distributed Sewa Formation in this region. We thus infer that the strata belong to the Middle–Lower Jurassic Sewa Formation. This finding is important for both studying paleogeography of Tibet and determining the northern boundary of Gondwana.