mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
西藏墨脱鸟兽红外相机监测初报

西藏东南部是全球34个物种最丰富且受威胁最严重的生物多样性热点地区之一(Conservation International, http://www.conservation.org.cn)。位于该区域的墨脱县(93°46'–96°05' E, 27°34'–29°56' N)总面积约30,000 km~2, 海拔在200–7,787 m之间。该地区人为干扰少, 自然环境优越, 由于受喜马拉雅山的阻断和复杂的地质环境的影响, 野生动植物资源丰富, 现记录有哺乳动物69–70种, 鸟类385种(郭光普, 2004), 种子植物180科726属1,679种(变种)(孙航和周浙昆, 1996)。为探究该地区物种多样性, 老一代科学家在20世纪80年代对陆生脊椎动物相关类群(鸟类: 郑作新等, 1983; 兽类: 冯祚建等,1986; 两栖爬行类: 胡淑琴等, 1987)的区系组成、垂直分布、地理区划及资源与保护等开展了开创性的调查与研究。近年来, 也有研究人员陆续进入该地区进行动物资源本底调查, 发现了一些两栖类、爬行类以及昆虫的新种, 如卡西裸趾虎(Cyrtodactylus khasiensis)(李丕鹏, 2007)、墨脱臭蛙(Odorrana zhaoi)(Li et al., 2008)、墨脱直缘秃蝗(Rectim-argipodisma medogensis)(郑哲民等, 2004)等。但对于夜行性和种群数量较少的物种, 如: 猫科、灵猫科及雉科动物等的调查研究还很欠缺, 其种群数量、分布状况等信息均不清楚(汪松, 1998; 郑光美和王岐山, 1998), 因此, 该地区仍有深入开展调查的必要。
Anthracene Removal and Mineral N Dynamics in a Surfactant-Amended Soil

Surfactants, such as non-ionic Surfynol~? 485 (ethoxylated 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyne-4,7-diol), have been applied to accelerate removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from soil. This study investigated the dissipation of anthracene, and carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) mineralization in soil amended with non-ionic Surfynol~? 485 at different rates. Soil samples of a Typic Fragiudept taken from Otumba, Mexico were spiked with anthracene at a final concentration of 520 mg kg~(-1) dry soil using acetone as solvent, amended with 0.0,24.9, 49.8 or 124.4 g kg~(-1) soil of the surfactant and incubated in the laboratory. The soil not amended with anthracene, acetone and the surfactant was used as a control. Dynamics of C and N and the concentration of anthracene were monitored for 56 d. After 56 d of incubation, 38% of the anthracene was removed from the unamended soil, and 47%, 55% and 66% of the anthracene were removed when 24.9, 49.8 and 124.4 g kg~(-1) of the surfactant were applied, respectively. Application of acetone, anthracene or surfactant increased the emission of CO_2, but decreased the mineral N compared to the unamended control. Applying the surfactant to the acetone or anthracene-amended soil reduced emission of CO_2, but increased the mineral N at the lower application rates of the surfactant. It was found that the application of the non-ionic surfactant increased the bioavailability of anthracene and thus its removal from soil, increased C mineralization, but decreased N mineralization. Consequently, the application of non-ionic surfactant could be easily used to accelerate the removal of pollutants from hydrocarbon-contaminated soils, but mineral N in the soil would decrease, which might inhibit plant growth.
Variability of Soil Salinity at Multiple Spatio-Temporal Scales and the Related Driving Factors in the Oasis Areas of Xinjiang, China

Located in the inland arid area of central Asia, salt-affected farmlands take up one third of the total irrigated land area in Xinjiang of Northwest China. Spatio-temporal variability of soil salinity and the underlying mechanism are fundamental problems challenging the sustainability of oasis agriculture in China. In this study, the data of total dissolved solids (TDS) measured for soil samples collected from 27 representative study areas in the oasis areas of Xinjiang were analyzed and the coefficient of variation (CV) and stratification ratio (SR) of TDS were used to describe the lateral and vertical soil salinity variations, respectively. Weekly, monthly, and annual changes in soil salinity were also summarized. Results showed that the top (0-20 cm) soil salinity was highly variable (CV >75%) for most studied areas. Lateral variation of soil salinity was significantly correlated with the sampling interval; as a result, a maximum sampling interval of 0.9 m was found for reducing evaluation uncertainty. The top 0-20 cm soil salt accounted for about 25.2% of the total salt in the 0-100 cm soil profile. The stratification ratio values (the ratio of TDS at the 20—40 cm depth to that at the 0-20 cm depth) were mostly smaller than 1 and on average 0.92, illustrating that the top 0-20 cm soil contained slightly more salt and a considerable amount of salt still existed in subsurface and deep horizons. Irrigation reduced top soil salinity by 0.52 g kg~(-1), or 14.6%, within the first week. On average, the relative range of soil salinity, calculated to indicate monthly changes in soil salinity, was 58.2% from May to September. A 27-year experiment indicated that cultivation increased soil salinity by 44.4% at a rate of 0.14 g kg~(-1) year~(-1). At small spatio-temporal scales, soil salinity variation was mainly affected by anthropogenic factors, such as irrigation and land use. However, natural factors, including groundwater, topography, and climate conditions, mainly influenced soil salinity variation at large spatio-temporal scales. This study displayed the highly variable nature of soil salinity in space and time. Those driving factors identified in this study could provide guidelines for developing sustainable agriculture in the oasis areas and combating salinization in arid regions of China.
Effect of Biochar Addition on Maize Growth and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Acidic Red Soils

Biochar added to soil can improve crop growth through both direct and indirect effects, particularly in acidic, highly weathered soils in subtropical and tropical regions. However, the mechanisms of biochar improving crop growth are not well understood. The objectives of this study were i) to determine the crop responses to biochar addition and ii) to understand the effect of biochar addition on N use efficiency. Seven acidic red soils varying in texture, pH, and soil nutrient were taken from southern China and subjected to four treatments: zero biochar and fertilizer as a control (CK), 10 g kg~(-1) biochar (BC), NPK fertilizers (NPK), and 10 g kg~(-1) biochar plus NPK fertilizers (BC+NPK). ~(15)N-labeled fertilizer was used as a tracer to assess N use efficiency. After a 46-d pot experiment, biochar addition increased soil pH and available P, and decreased soil exchangable Al~(3+), but did not impact soil availabe N and cation exchange capacity (P >0.05). The N use efficiency and N retained in the soil were not significantly affected by biochar application except for the soil with the lowest available P (3.81 mg kg~(-1)) and highest exchanageable Al~(3+) (4.54 cmol kg~(-1)). Greater maize biomass was observed in all soils amended with biochar compared to soils without biochar (BC vs. CK, BC+NPK vs. NPK). This agronomic effect was negatively related to the concentration of soil exchangeable Al~(3+) (P< 0.1). The results of this study implied that the liming effect of biochar improved plant growth through alleviating Al toxicity and P deficiency, especially in poor acidic red soils.
注射用头孢甲肟引起速发型过敏性休克1例

头孢甲肟为半合成的第三代头孢菌素,用于敏感菌所致的感染,引起的过敏反应包括皮疹、荨麻疹、红斑、瘙痒、淋巴腺肿大、关节痛等,严重时可引起过敏性休克(小于0.1%)。国内已有关于头孢甲肟引起过敏性休克的报道,尚未见引起速发型过敏性休克的报道,而本例患者输注头孢甲肟很短时间内即发生了过敏性休克,实属罕见。过敏反应不但与药物因素有关,还与患者的个体特异性有关,速发型过敏反应起病突然,发展快,病情凶险,提示临床医护人员,对即使无药物过敏史、常规皮试阴性患者,使用头孢菌素类抗生素时,也应在输液过程中,特别在用药开始要严密观察,一旦发生不良反应,立即采取相应的抢救措施,以防发生严重后果。
小麦萌芽期模拟水分胁迫下抗旱品种筛选初报

为了探究小麦的抗旱性,采用高渗透性能的PEG-6000作为水分胁迫剂,模拟干旱胁迫,研究 PEG对7个小麦品种萌发的影响。结果表明:24% 浓度 PEG 胁迫降低了小麦品种的发芽率。不同小麦品种的萌发抗旱指数表现为:兴育982 > 黔育21 = 贵农10-2 > 丰优10号 > 贵紫1号 > 丰优8号 > 丰优7号。水分胁迫下根数都在3条左右,与对照之间的差异在0. 13 ~ 2. 07条之间,胚芽在水分的胁迫下抑制程度在54. 90% ~ 85. 05%之间。7个小麦品种在萌芽期以兴育982、黔育21、贵农10-2抗旱性能较好。
多因素综合评判法在玉米育种中的应用

应用多因素综合评判法对15个玉米杂交种的12个性状进行综合评价和分析,结果表明:先玉335、ND 8、ND2等品种综合表现好。并且该方法适用于玉米杂交种的综合评价,计算简便易行,结果更加全面、客观,更接近品种的大田表现。
接种根瘤菌对春大豆生长及产量的影响

以宁夏地区主推春大豆品种,晋豆19、中黄30为主要研究对象,开展根瘤菌与大豆品种的匹配性组合研究,接种竞争结瘤能力强的根瘤菌,筛选出与根瘤菌匹配固氮好的大豆品种以及匹配结瘤较强的组合,并对大豆根瘤菌应用与氮肥施用技术进行研究。结果表明:不同的大豆品种接种根瘤菌对大豆植株在盛花期各个处理地上部生物量积累以及根瘤数量都达到了极显著水平;在产量构成因素方面,各处理的单株产量以及小区产量都达到了极显著水平;晋豆19、中黄30接种根瘤菌均不同程度的较不接种根瘤菌增产,晋豆19接种根瘤菌(P 2)组合的产量最高(4 020 kg / hm~2)。
玉米新品种吉单50的种子处理出苗效果研究

采用11种种衣剂和拌种剂对高产玉米新品种吉单50的种子进行处理,研究在土壤高度板结条件下各处理对吉单50出苗率的影响。结果表明:经高巧和帅苗系列处理的吉单50种子出苗率明显提高,与对照相比达到极显著差异。其中,高巧3处理出苗率最高,平均出苗率86. 3%,比对照提高119. 59%;而经神鼎、顶土星、种动源、鼎千金和良伴处理的种子出苗率与对照相比,未达到显著差异。
10个糜子品种产量与农艺性状的灰色关联度分析

以2013年国家糜子区域试验10个糜子粳性品种(系)的试验结果为数据材料,运用灰色关联分析法,分析了6个主要农艺性状与产量关系的密切程度。结果表明:6个农艺性状对产量的关联序为单穗重 > 穗粒重 > 出糜率 > 千粒重 > 株高 >穗长。说明单穗重、穗粒重、出糜率、千粒重4个性状对产量影响较大;株高和穗长对糜子产量影响较小。
珍稀濒危植物贵州苏铁种子形态特性的数值分析

通过测试不同野生居群贵州苏铁种子质量和形态性状特征,经方差分析、Tukey 法多重比较、1% 显著性检验,结果得到种子的长度显著性水平较高,其中去除外种皮后显著性更高,成熟贵州苏铁种子外形近圆球形;去除外种皮后种子特征能更好体现贵州苏铁种子型态特性,95% 置信区间分析结果得到单粒重5. 082 2 ~ 5. 551 7 g,种长、种宽、种高分别为22. 832 7 ~ 23. 606 3 mm、20. 063 5 ~ 20. 672 8 mm和18. 481 4 ~ 19. 028 6mm,呈卵圆形。研究结果为有效鉴定贵州苏铁物种种实特性提供基础数据。
护理专业研究生团队导师制建设研究进展

从导师团队的构成、导师团队成员的选定、导师团队成员的遴选标准、导师团队成员的职责等方面对国内外研究生导师团队及相关发展情况进行综述。我国有关护理专业硕士研究生团队导师制实践和探索目前尚处于初级阶段,存在部分问题和不足。应借鉴国外先进经验,结合自身实际情况,进一步探索适合我国护理专业硕士研究生团队导师制的建设方法,以提高我国护理专业硕士研究生培养质量。
脑卒中患者进食困难研究进展

从国内外进食困难概述、导致脑卒中患者进食困难的主要因素、进食困难对脑卒中患者的影响、脑卒中患者进食困难的主要评估工具及其护理干预措施等方面进行综述。吞咽障碍并不是脑卒中患者进食方面存在的唯一问题,脑卒中进食困难应有更为广泛的内涵;导致患者进食困难的主要因素包括摄食障碍、咀嚼、吞咽障碍、言语沟通障碍等;进食困难会对患者的生理、心理及日常生活产生影响;进食困难的主要评估工具包括进食障碍评估量表(EDAS)和微型进食观察表(MEOF);可通过他人协助进食、改变体位及改变食物的性状等措施改善患者的进食困难状况。提出应开展探讨我国脑卒中患者进食困难的相关研究。
固相萃取-气相色谱/质谱法测定食用油中苯并(a)芘

目的应用固相萃取-气相色谱/质谱联用技术,建立食用油中苯并(a)芘的检测方法。方法在试样中加入内标物,经KOH皂化后用正己烷萃取,用硅胶+硅藻土(SLH)固相萃取小柱净化后,经DB-5MS石英毛细管柱(30 m × 0. 25 mm × 0.25 μm)分离,用气质联用仪检测,选择离子模式测定。结果该方法检出限为0.3 μg/kg,回收率为90.5 % ~98. 9 %,相对标准偏差为2. 9 % ~3.5 %。结论该方法简单、快速、净化效果好,灵敏度满足要求,能够快速准确地测定食用油中苯并(a)芘。
托口及洪江水电厂梯级联合调度方式探讨

托口水电厂位于湖南省怀化市托口镇,距下游洪江水电厂58km,是沅水规划梯级的第5级。坝址控制流域面积24 450 km2,工程开发任务是以发电为主,兼顾防洪、航运等其他综合利用要求。
风电工程项目管理的难点及对策

近年来,风力发电工程在国家政策、设备厂家、投资驱动等多种利好因素的支持下,在山地、平原、海上等不同地区都得到了快速发展。但风力发电项目投资主体及承建单位众多,业主管理水平及施工能力良莠不齐,合同签订方式不一,加上地域、气候等环境因素影响,工程管理过程不易控制,存在较大的难度和风险。本文以五凌鄯善风电场一期工程为例,详细分析了疆内风电工程管理的难点,提出一系列有针对性的管理措施,使工程的安全、质量、进度、造价均处于可控在控状态,以实现优质高速建设风电工程的目标。
Parallel Simulation of Groundwater Flow in the North China Plain

Numerical modeling is of crucial importance in understanding the behavior of regional groundwater system. However, the demand on modeling capability is intensive when performing high-resolution simulation over long time span. This paper presents the application of a parallel program to speed up the detailed modeling of the groundwater flow system in the North China Plain. The parallel program is implemented by rebuilding the well-known MODFLOW program on our parallelcomputing framework, which is achieved by designing patch-based parallel data structures and algorithms but maintaining the compute flow and functionalities of MODFLOW. The detailed model with more than one million grids and a decade of time has been solved. The parallel simulation results were examined against the field observed data and these two data are generally in good agreement. For the comparison on solution time, the parallel program running on 32 cores is 6 times faster than the fastest MICCG-based MODFLOW program and 11 times faster than the GMG-based MODFLOW program. Therefore, remarkable computational time can be saved when using the parallel program, which facilitates the rapid modeling and prediction of the groundwater flow system in the North China Plain.
Effect of volatile oil from Blumea Balsamifera (L.) DC. leaves on wound healing in mice

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of violate oil from Blumea Balsamifera (L.) DC. leaves (BB oil) on wound healing in mice. METHODS: Undiluted BB oil and its diluted solutions with olive oil to 1/5 and 1/10 to yield BB oil_(1/5) and BB oil_(1/10) were applied to the wounded skin before wound healing conditions were assessed by healing rate, histopathology, and contents of collagen, hydroxyproline, and Neuropeptide Substance P (SP). All above results were compared with the efficacies of the control, pure olive oil, basic fibroblast growth factor (BFGF), and cream of Jing Wan Hong (JWH). RESULTS: BB oil_(1/5) and BB oil_(1/10) improved wound contraction and closure. Histopathology study further confirmed a desirable histological organization of wound tissues. BB oil_(1/5) and BB oil_(1/10) reduced the number of inflammatory cells, increased wound-healing rates, and significantly increased the hydroxyproline content. Both BB oil_(1/5) and BB oil_(1/10) improved formation of collagen, and reduced the frequency of fibroblasts. Moreover, BB oil_(1/5) and BB oil_(1/10) markedly promoted SP expression. However, undiluted BB oil may induce skin thickening and hardening, inhibite collagen synthesis and delay complete skin wound healing. CONCLUSION: The BB oil_(1/5) and BB oil_(1/10) promoted capillary regeneration, blood circulation, collagen deposition, granular tissue formation, epithelial deposition, and wound contraction. The mechanism underlying the action might be related to induction of SP secretion, and the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal cells.
江苏省中医药学会第12次男科大会会议纪要

由江苏省中医药学会主办,江苏省中医药学会男科专业委员会、南通市医学会共同承办,南通大学附属医院协办的江苏省中医药学会第十二次男科学术大会于2014年5月在江海名都南通顺利召开。来自江苏、安徽等共计300余名代表出席这次江苏男科界的学术盛会。大会围绕前列腺疾病的诊疗、性功能障碍的诊疗、男性不育的诊疗及其他男科相关病症的诊疗等方面进行了广泛深入的交流。会上,国医大师、全国著名中医药学家朱良春教授亲临现场并作了极其重要的学术报告,对男科的历史渊源、发展弘扬和国内外传播等方面进行了详尽的分析与阐述;曾庆琪教授从文献和临床角度作了"陈实功《外科正宗》对中医男科学的影响"专题报告;秦云峰、张炜、温端改、姚兵、张跃平、薛建国、宁克勤、金保方、王劲松、徐元诚、卞廷松等专家先后发言。大会就目前中医男科的热点、难点进行分析探讨,现分述如下。
物质成瘾的社会心理因素

目前医学界将物质成瘾(依赖)定义为一类慢性复发性脑病,是物质与机体相互作用所造成的病理性精神/躯体状态,物质成瘾者为了获得某种欣快满足感或为了避免停止使用某种(些)物质导致的躯体/精神痛苦,不顾不良后果,强迫性、持续性地寻求和使用这种(些)物质,伴有不同程度的个体健康及社会功能损害。物质成瘾迁延、顽固、复发率高,依赖-戒断-复发循环是物质成瘾的重要特征。物质成瘾严重损害个体健康、加重家庭和社会负担,还可导致艾滋病传播、违法犯罪等一系列公共卫生与社会问题。在现代生物-社会-心理的综合医学模式下,研究者们从多个视角对物质成瘾问题进行了大量的研究,并逐步达成共识:物质成瘾是生物因素与社会心理因素交互作用的结果。因此,了解和掌握物质成瘾的生物学因素和社会心理因素是实施预防和治疗的根基,同时也是制定和完善相关公共卫生政策的前提。然而,有关物质成瘾社会心理因素的综述类文献在国内尚属缺乏,因此,本文旨在阐述物质成瘾的社会心理因素,以期为物质成瘾的预防与临床干预、公共卫生政策以及本领域的相关研究提供一个相对整体的参考。
1,25-(OH)_2D_3在类风湿关节炎发病机制中的研究进展

RA是一种以对称性多关节炎为主要临床表现的慢性系统性自身免疫病,其基本病理改变为滑膜炎和血管翳的形成,血管翳是造成关节侵蚀、破坏、功能障碍的病理基础,如未及时治疗,病情进行性加重,可导致关节畸形、劳动力丧失。因此,早期诊断、早期逆转骨破坏至关重要。免疫耐受的破坏为本病的主要机制,确切病因尚不清楚。目前应用糖皮质激素类药物治疗RA有良好的抗关节炎作用,但可以加重骨质疏松的发生。近年来,维生素D缺乏在RA发病机制中的作用日益受到重视。多项研究表明,维生素D缺乏普遍存在于RA患者,并可能与疾病的病情活动和严重程度相关,增加维生素D的摄入可以延缓和预防RA的发生和进展。1,25-(OH)_2D_3是维生素D的生物活性形式,它不仅能与多种免疫抑制剂协同发挥作用,同时还能防治糖皮质激素引起的骨质疏松。
浅谈中国类风湿关节炎治疗现状及存在问题

在过去的10年间,随着诊断、治疗研究的不断深入、新型DMARDs尤其是生物DMARDs的开发及临床使用,RA的治疗理念、治疗手段已发生了变化。在此期间,ACR和EULAR相继提出DMARDs治疗RA应用推荐并进行了更新,中华医学会风湿病学分会也推出了治疗指南,在全国范围内大力推广规范治疗,促进了RA治疗的进步与提高。由于国内临床研究相对滞后,中国RA的治疗仍存在一些悬而未决以及迫切需要临床推广的问题,现提出讨论如下。
心型脂肪酸结合蛋白与急性心肌梗死预后的关系

急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者得到迅速明确的诊断及及早治疗能够显著降低死亡率,改善预后。心型脂肪酸结合蛋白(H-FABP)在心肌坏死情况下早期迅速释放,已有研究表明,H-FABP在心肌梗死患者体内3 h即达到最高峰,与肌钙蛋白(cTnT)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)相比,升高时间更早,表明H-FABP对诊断AMI的早期诊断有较高的敏感性和特异性。本文探讨H-FABP与AMI患者预后的关系。
非糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白与冠状动脉病变的相关性

糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)在2型糖尿病(T2DM)人群中是冠心病(CHD)的危险因素已得到公认;国内外学者对非DM人群中HbA1c对心血管疾病风险预测价值关注越来越多。本研究旨在探讨非DM患者HbA1c与冠状动脉病变程度的相关性及HbA1c在冠心病(CHD)发生发展中的作用。
基于流体动力学理论的景观瀑布数值模拟

作为旅游和局部生态环境重要组成部分的景观瀑布,其泄流状态的逼真模拟对于景观设计有重要的意义。基于计算流体动力学(CFD)理论,采用流体体积函数(VOF)法追踪自由表面,以RNGk-ε紊流模型封闭方程组,建立了景观瀑布的水力学数值模型。通过与经验公式的结果进行对比,验证了该水力学数值模型的准确性。将该方法应用于昆明 “两江”瀑布景观公园,经分析,北段三跌坎和南段直跌坎在最小流量工况下的景观效果较好,可避免枯水期劣质景观的出现。
2014版《绿色建筑评价标准》水专业内容的修订要点

基于当前国内绿色建筑行业的发展需求和近年来绿色建筑工程的实践积累,《绿色建筑评价标准 》编制组对标准进行了修编。通过新旧两版 《绿色建筑评价标准 》“节水与水资源利用”章节的对比,从评价方法、条文设置框架、条文设置思路等方面对控制项、节水系统、节水器具与设备、非传统水源利用等各节内容的修订要点进行分析和介绍。
单发型胸椎骨纤维结构不良一例报告

骨纤维结构不良(fibrous dysplasia of bone,FD)是一种良性骨肿瘤,好发于骨盆、股骨近端、胫骨、肋骨和颅骨,累及脊柱者少见。2012年5月我们收治1例单发型胸椎FD患者,经手术治疗获较好疗效。报告如下。
Geological Features and Reservoiring Mode of Shale Gas Reservoirs in Longmaxi Formation of the Jiaoshiba Area

This study is based on the sedimentation conditions, organic geochemistry, storage spaces, physical properties, lithology and gas content of the shale gas reservoirs in Longmaxi Formation of the Jiaoshiba area and the gas accumulation mode is summarized and then compared with that in northern America. The shale gas reservoirs in the Longmaxi Formation in Jiaoshiba have good geological conditions, great thickness of quality shales, high organic content, high gas content, good physical properties, suitable depth, good preservation conditions and good reservoir types. The quality shales at the bottom of the deep shelf are the main target interval for shale gas exploration and development. Shale gas in the Longmaxi Formation has undergone three main reservoiring stages: the early stage of hydrocarbon generation and compaction when shale gas reservoirs were first formed; the middle stage of deep burial and large-scale hydrocarbon generation, which caused the enrichment of reservoirs with shale gas; the late stage of uplift, erosion and fracture development when shale gas reservoirs were finally formed.
Evidence of Oil Sources and Migration in Triassic-Jurassic Reservoirs in the South Tianhuan Depression of the Ordos Basin, China Based on Analysis of Biomarkers and Nitrogen-Bearing Compounds

The Ordos Basin is an important intracontinental sedimentary basin in western China for its abundant Mesozoic crude oil resources. The southern part of the Tianhuan Depression is located in the southwestern marginal area of this Basin, in which the Jurassic and Triassic Chang-3 are the main oil-bearing strata. Currently, no consensus has been reached regarding oil source and oil migration in the area, and an assessment of oil accumulation patterns is thus challenging. In this paper, the oil source, migration direction, charging site and migration pathways are investigated through analysis of pyrrolic nitrogen compounds and hydrocarbon biomarkers. Oil source correlations show that the oils trapped in the Jurassic and Chang-3 reservoirs were derived from the Triassic Chang-7 source rocks. The Jurassic and Chang-3 crude oils both underwent distinct vertical migration from deep to shallow strata, indicating that the oils generated by Chang-7 source rocks may have migrated upward to the shallower Chang-3 and Jurassic strata under abnormally high pressures, to accumulate along the sand bodies of the ancient rivers and the unconformity surface. The charging direction of the Jurassic and Chang-3 crude oils is primarily derived from Mubo, Chenhao, and Shangliyuan, which are located northeast of the southern Tianhuan Depression, with oils moving toward the west, southwest, and south. The results show that an integration of biomarker and nitrogen-bearing compound analyses can provide useful information about oil source, migration, and accumulation.
Re: Establishment of novel rat models for premalignant breast disease

To the editor: We read the article Establishment of novel rat models for premalignant breast disease with great interest. Russo and Russo had previously established a classification of mammary tumors chemically-induced in female rats, where they identified nonneoplastic changes, preneoplastic, benign and malignant neoplastic lesions. According to Russo and Russo, carcinogenesis is not always a "continuous process" as referred in the present article. One lesion can primarily develop as carcinoma in situ without a previous pathological change; the lesion can also not develop and remain in the same stage. The authors said that "The stages preceding carcinoma in situ are reversible", we do not agree with this sentence. According to our experience, these stages can be stable, but are not reversible without a specific anticancer treatment.
抗血小板药物治疗反应多样性临床检测和处理的中国专家建议

血小板的黏附、活化和聚集在急性冠状动脉综合征(acute coronary syndromes, ACS)及经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(percutaneous coronary intervention, PCI)的病理生理过程中起重要作用。阿司匹林和P2Y12受体抑制剂(如氯吡格雷)作为两类最常用的抗血小板药物,是目前ACS和(或)PCI 术后预防血栓事件的基石。研究发现,个体对抗血小板治疗的反应性差异与血栓、出血等不良事件显著相关。通过血小板功能检测可了解个体对抗血小板治疗的反应性并据此调整治疗方案,可能是提高抗栓治疗疗效和安全性的有效手段。但由于血小板功能检测方法繁多且标准不统一,个体化调整抗血小板治疗的方案众多,迄今为止国内外对抗血小板治疗反应多样性的临床检测和处理仍无一致意见。鉴于血栓预防的重要性及其临床实践中存在的诸多问题,美国心脏病学学会及欧洲心脏病学学会陆续发表了相应的专家共识,以规范临床诊断和治疗。国内随着PCI例数的大幅增长,优化抗血小板治疗、改善患者预后的重要性日益凸显。结合国内实际情况,制定此专家建议,供临床医师参考。
母细胞性浆细胞样树突细胞肿瘤二例报告并文献复习

母细胞性浆细胞样树突细胞肿瘤(blastic plasmacytoid dentritic cell neoplasm,BPDCN)是一种罕见的血液系统恶性肿瘤。BPDCN患者临床病程凶险,容易误诊,预后很差。现报道我院近年来收治2例BPDCN患者,并复习相关文献。
可再生能源发电系统、控制与能量管理专辑特邀主编评述

化石能源是人类现代文明的基石。历经两百多年的开发利用,化石能源已趋于枯竭。与此同时,化石能源的消耗产生了大量的废弃物,对环境造成了严重的污染,成为人类可持续发展的阻碍。
卫星影像像控点的自动转点方法研究

针对以往多源影像中人工选取同名点费时费力并且精度低的问题,本文首先利用尺度不变特征变换(SIFT)特征匹配得到的同名像点作为初值进行仿射变换,生成变换后影像,然后对基准影像与变换后影像进行相关系数匹配,并利用双向匹配删除误匹配点,最后通过仿射逆变换得到原始影像上的同名像点位置。利用此方法对资源三号影像后视影像和实践九号全色影像进行试验,试验证明其结果明显优于在原始影像上直接进行相关系数匹配,可以很好地代替人工选点工作,大大减小了人工选取同名点的工作量。
多源光学遥感数据估算桉树森林生物量

为了克服单个传感器影像在估算森林生物量方面的局限性,采用多传感器遥感影像估算森林生物量成为目前的发展趋势。该研究根据光学遥感数据源比较多的特点,采用Landsat5 TM数据、ALOS AVNIR-2数据和CBERS-02B CCD数据估算东莞市桉树森林生物量,在对比分析单个传感器估算生物量能力的基础上,将3种传感器结合在一起估算东莞市桉树生物量,充分发挥不同光学传感器在光谱分辨率、辐射分辨率、空间分辨率和时间分辨率等方面的优点,避开各自的缺点,提高了估算桉树生物量的精度,其决定系数达到0.65。该研究可为进一步研究大范围的森林生物量估算提供参考。
路域植被叶绿素多光谱遥感定量反演研究

叶绿素是植被光合作用的主要物质,准确估算叶绿素含量对植被生长健康状况和生态环境研究具有重要意义。本文利用辐射传输机制的PR04SAIL模型模拟植被冠层光谱,以TM影像为数据源,分析了物理模型模拟反射率和遥感影像反射率与叶绿素含量之间的相关性,研究了利用多光谱信息定量反演路域植被叶绿素含量。结果表明,植被光谱与叶绿素含量之间有较强的相关性;利用PR04SAIL模型模拟的冠层反射率反演叶绿素含量具有一定可行性,该研究成果可以为大面积路域植被冠层叶绿素含量遥感监测提供理论依据与参考。
降钙素原定量检测系统的性能验证

目的对南京诺尔曼公司降钙素原(PCT)定量检测系统进行用于临床检测前的性能验证。方法收集临床标本,验证批内和总不精密度、分析测量范围、检测限、临床常见干扰物干扰性能指标,是否符合实验室质量目标或产品说明书要求,并与已得到认可的检测系统进行比对,同时进行参考区间的初步验证。结果高、中和低浓度 PCT 样品的批内不精密度分别为5.75%、2.79%和1.50%,总不精密度分别为6.10%、4.22%和1.67%;分析测量范围高限至少达到90.27 ng / mL;检测限为0.018 ng / mL;可抵抗类风湿因子(RF)1 380 U / L、胆红素(T-Bil)600 μmol / L、溶血(Hb 10g/L)和脂肪乳(TG 20 g/L)的干扰;与Roche 检测系统比对相关系数r = 0.998,回归方程:Y=0.994 X + 0.018,医学决定水平浓度(X_c =0.5、2和10 ng / mL)的偏移可以接受(实验室质量目标 PCT 最大允许偏移为10%);20例无感染的健康体检者结果均在正常参考区间范围内。结论该PCT 检测系统能抗常见干扰物的干扰,其精密度、正确度、分析测量范围、检测限和正常参考区间符合实验室质量要求,可用于临床样本常规检测。
解脲脲原体液体培养基改良后的效果评价

目的对现有解脲脲原体(Uu)液体培养基进行改良,改善液体培养法较高的假阳性和(或)假阴性率,探寻一个简便、可靠的临床检测 Uu 的方法。方法向商品化 Uu 液体培养基中增添头孢匹罗并下调 pH 值至6.0后作为改良培养基。以固体培养法为金标准,用原液体培养基(包括未过滤组、过滤组)和改良培养基平行检测76例临床标本,通过敏感性、特异性、Kappa 值及预测值等指标对不同液体培养基的培养效果进行评价。结果固体培养法的阳性检出率为76.3%(58 /76)。以固体培养结果为金标准,传统液体培养法未过滤时的敏感性(98.3%)高,特异性(55.6%)低,假阳性率(44.4%)高;过滤后其假阳性率(11.8%)降低,假阴性率(25.9%)升高;而改良培养基的敏感性(94.8%)、特异性(83.3%)、阳性预测值(94.8%)及阴性预测(83.3%)均较高。结论改良后的液体培养基抑制杂菌效果较好,其检测结果与固体培养结果一致性较高,且改良步骤简单,具有一定的临床应用推广潜质。
Quantitative Trait Loci Associated with Micronutrient Concentrations in Two Recombinant Inbred Wheat Lines

Micronutrient malnutrition affects over three billion people worldwide, especially women and children in developing countries. Increasing the bioavailable concentrations of essential elements in the edible portions of crops is an effective resolution to address this issue. To determine the genetic factors controlling micronutrient concentration in wheat, the quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis for iron, zinc, copper, manganese, and selenium concentrations in two recombinant inbred line populations was performed. In all, 39 QTLs for ifve micronutrient concentrations were identiifed in this study. Of these, 22 alleles from synthetic wheat SHW-L1 and seven alleles from the progeny line of the synthetic wheat Chuanmai 42 showed an increase in micronutrient concentrations. Five QTLs on chromosomes 2A, 3D, 4D, and 5B found in both the populations showed signiifcant phenotypic variation for 2-3 micronutrient concentrations. Our results might help understand the genetic control of micronutrient concentration and allow the utilization of genetic resources of synthetic hexaploid wheat for improving micronutrient efifciency of cultivated wheat by using molecular marker-assisted selection.
全球变暖的停滞还能持续多久?

2009年8月Knight等首先指出,1999—2008年全球变暖出现停滞现象,同年10月Kerr在Science杂志上对此表示支持,但认为停滞很快会结束。2009年之后全球变暖的停滞已经得到了广泛的承认,英国气象厅为此于2013年7月发布了3个报告,讨论了变暖停滞的事实、成因及对未来预估的影响。下面对这几个问题进行简要的讨论。
Mal de debarquement 平衡障碍一例

Mal de debarquement(MdD)源于法语,mal在法语中有疾病的意思,de是介词,debarquement是下船、下飞机、登陆、卸货的意思,因此从字面上我们可以理解此病意为下船病或登陆病。最早的文献记载可追溯到1881年Irwin发表在Lancet上的关于晕船机制的文章。MdD是耳科、神经科平衡障碍病变中较为罕见的一种疾病,现将我科诊治的一例典型病例报告如下。
飞行员左侧椎动脉盗血一例

以往报道的脑动脉盗血患者大多有头晕,眩晕,活动后患肢无力,感觉异常,发作性偏瘫以及言语障碍等临床表现。本例飞行员无明显上述症状,只是双上肢血压差> 20 mmHg,左锁骨上窝可闻及血管杂音体征。患者盗血原因尚不明确,血管狭窄的程度尚未影响心血管及脑血管功能,也没有放置支架的指征,无需支架治疗。考虑患者病情不会对飞行造成危险,同时为防止飞行人才损失,经空军总医院体检会决定准予放飞,飞行合格。出院后随访1年,飞行98 h,飞行状态良好,这可能与个体差异及血管狭窄程度有关,但需定期复查以追踪病情变化。
变脸:评美国航空航天医学会会刊更名并启用新封面

总之,AsMA会刊的这次变脸行动,是一种期刊品牌的不断创新与突破,是航空航天医学对人的绩效领域的聚焦和发力,是学科专业自身调结构、谋发展的变革性举措。从此,“human performance”将作为高频词,在航空航天医学的大舞台上,明星般频繁而闪亮地登场,这是值得航空航天医学界同仁高度关注的大事件。
现代根管治疗技术对飞行人员牙病的临床效果

根管治疗术是目前国内外治疗牙髓病和根尖周病的首选方法,采用现代一次性根管治疗,可减少疗程间细菌感染的机会、缩短病程和就诊次数。笔者分别统计了采用传统和现代两种根管治疗技术治疗80名飞行人员患牙根管情况,比较两种不同根管治疗技术的预备时间,根管填充效果以及填充后的疼痛反应,观察现代根管治疗技术对飞行人员牙病的临床疗效,为航卫保障提供参考依据。
重视主观性认知减退硏究

主观性认知减退(subjective cognitive decline,SCD)临床上常见,并困扰着中老年患者,约1/3患者因SCD来记忆门诊就诊。目前对SCD尚缺乏统一的专业术语、定义及诊断标准等,很少受到临床医师的重视。在痴呆的发展过程中,SCD可能是轻度认知障碍前(pre-mild cognitive impairment,pre-MCI)阶段,易发展为轻度认知障碍(mild cognitive impairment,MCI)甚至痴呆。临床医师应重视SCD的患者,早期发现、早期关注,并注意长期随访。
主动脉夹层合并右髂股动脉急性栓塞麻醉处理一例

综上所述,主动脉夹层合并栓塞的患者病情急,预后差,围术期死亡率和致残率高,由于无足够的时间和条件作充分术前准备,手术麻醉风险较大,因此术前应详细询问病史,充分评估患者呼吸循环功能,以选择合适的麻醉方法和手术方案。麻醉方法和麻醉药物的选择以能充分镇痛、维持循环呼吸和内分泌稳定、尽量减少术后并发症为原则。