mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Osteopontin is a biomarker for early autoimmune uveoretinitis

Osteopontin (OPN) is an extracellular matrix protein with a diverse range of functions, including roles in cell adhesion, migration, and immunomodulation, which are associated with the modulation of neuroinflammation in the central nervous system. The present study was performed to evaluate the involvement of OPN in the eyes of an experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) model. The EAU model was developed by immunization of Lewis rats with interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein. The results showed the OPN level was remarkably upregulated in the eye of EAU rats on day 9 post-immunization. The level of CD44, a ligand of OPN, was increased in the ciliary body of EAU rats. Furthermore, OPN was also detected in the ciliary body and activated microglia/macrophages in the EAU retina. The results suggest that OPN was significantly upregulated in the eyes of EAU rats, and that it may be useful as an early biomarker of ocular autoimmune diseases. All animal experiments were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Jeju National University (approval No. 2020-0012) on March 11, 2020.
Lutein delays photoreceptor degeneration in a mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa

Retinitis pigmentosa is a retinal disease characterized by photoreceptor degeneration. There is currently no effective treatment for retinitis pigmentosa. Although a mixture of lutein and other antioxidant agents has shown promising effects in protecting the retina from degeneration, the role of lutein alone remains unclear. In this study, we administered intragastric lutein to Pde6brd10 model mice, which display degeneration of retinal photoreceptors, on postnatal days 17 (P17) to P25, when rod apoptosis reaches peak. Lutein at the optimal protective dose of 200 mg/kg promoted the survival of photoreceptors compared with vehicle control. Lutein increased rhodopsin expression in rod cells and opsin expression in cone cells, in line with an increased survival rate of photoreceptors. Functionally, lutein improved visual behavior, visual acuity, and retinal electroretinogram responses in Pde6brd10 mice. Mechanistically, lutein reduced the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein in Muller glial cells. The results of this study confirm the ability of lutein to postpone photoreceptor degeneration by reducing reactive gliosis of Muller cells in the retina and exerting anti-inflammatory effects. This study was approved by the Laboratory Animal Ethics Committee of Jinan University (approval No. LACUC-20181217-02) on December 17, 2018.
Microglial voltage-gated proton channel Hv1 in spinal cord injury

After spinal cord injury, microglia as the first responders to the lesion display both beneficial and detrimental characteristics. Activated microglia phagocyte and eliminate cell debris, release cytokines to recruit peripheral immune cells to the injury site. Excessively activated microglia can aggravate the secondary damage by producing extravagant reactive oxygen species and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Recent studies demonstrated that the voltage-gated proton channel Hv1 is selectively expressed in microglia and regulates microglial activation upon injury. In mouse models of spinal cord injury, Hv1 deficiency ameliorates microglia activation, resulting in alleviated production of reactive oxygen species and pro-inflammatory cytokines. The reduced secondary damage subsequently decreases neuronal loss and correlates with improved locomotor recovery. This review provides a brief historical perspective of advances in investigating voltage-gated proton channel Hv1 and home in on microglial Hv1. We discuss recent studies on the roles of Hv1 activation in pathophysiological activities of microglia, such as production of NOXdependent reactive oxygen species, microglia polarization, and tissue acidosis, particularly in the context of spinal cord injury. Further, we highlight the rationale for targeting Hv1 for the treatment of spinal cord injury and related disorders.
Downregulation of EphB2 by RNA interference attenuates glial/fibrotic scar formation and promotes axon growth

The rapid formation of a glial/fibrotic scar is one of the main factors hampering axon growth after spinal cord injury. The bidirectional EphB2/ ephrin-B2 signaling of the fibroblast-astrocyte contact-dependent interaction is a trigger for glial/fibrotic scar formation. In the present study, a new in vitro model was produced by coculture of fibroblasts and astrocytes wounded by scratching to mimic glial/fibrotic scar-like structures using an improved slide system. After treatment with RNAi to downregulate EphB2, changes in glial/fibrotic scar formation and the growth of VSC4.1 motoneuron axons were examined. Following RNAi treatment, fibroblasts and astrocytes dispersed without forming a glial/fibrotic scar-like structure. Furthermore, the expression levels of neurocan, NG2 and collagen I in the coculture were reduced, and the growth of VSC4.1 motoneuron axons was enhanced. These findings suggest that suppression of EphB2 expression by RNAi attenuates the formation of a glial/fibrotic scar and promotes axon growth. This study was approved by the Laboratory Animal Ethics Committee of Jiangsu Province, China (approval No. 2019-0506-002) on May 6, 2019.
Spatial matching and flow in supply and demand of water provision services:A case study in Xiangjiang River Basin

Global climate change and increased human consumption have aggravated the uneven spatiotemporal distribution of watershed water resources,affecting the water provision supply and demand state.However,this problem has often been ignored.The present study used the Xiangjiang River basin (XRB) as the study area,and the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs (InVEST) model,demand quantification model,supply-demand ratio,and water flow formula were applied to explore the spatial heterogeneity,flow,and equilibrium between water supply and demand.The results demonstrated significant spatial heterogeneity in the upstream,midstream,and downstream regions.The areas of water shortage were mainly located the downstream of the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration,and the Hengyang basin was the most scarcity area.Affected by terrain gradients and human needs,water flow varied from -16.33 × 10~8 m~3 to 13.69 × 10~8 m~3 from the upstream to the downstream area,which provided a possibility to reduce spatial heterogeneity.In the future,measures such as strengthening water resource system control,sponge city construction,and dynamic monitoring technology should be taken to balance the supply and demand of water in different river sections of the basin.This study can provide references for regulating water resources allocation in different reaches of the basin.
Analyzing uncertainties involved in estimating collapse risk with and without considering uncertainty probability distribution parameters

In the present study,modified Ibarra,Medina and Krawinkler moment-rotation parameters are used for modeling the uncertainties in concrete moment frame structures.Correlations of model parameters in a component and between two structural components were considered to analyze these uncertainties.In the first step,the structural collapse responses were obtained by producing 281 samples for the uncertainties using the Latin hypercube sampling (LHS) method,considering the probability distribution of the uncertainties and performing incremental dynamic analyses.In the second step,281 new samples were produced for the uncertainties by the central composite design (CCD) method without considering the probability distribution of the uncertainties and calculating the structural collapse responses.Then,using the response surface method (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) for the two simulation modes,structural collapse responses were predicted.The results indicated that the collapse responses at levels of 0 to 100% obtained from the two simulations have a high correlation coefficient of 98%.This suggests that random variables can be simulated without considering the probability distribution of uncertainties,by performing uncertainty analysis to determine structural collapse responses.
Modeling Spatio-temporal Drought Events Based on Multi-temporal, Multi-source Remote Sensing Data Calibrated by Soil Humidity

Inspired by recent significant agricultural yield losses in the eastern China and a missing operational monitoring system, we developed a comprehensive drought monitoring model to better understand the impact of individual key factors contributing to this issue.The resulting model, the 'Humidity calibrated Drought Condition Index'(HcDCI)was applied for the years 2001 to 2019 in form of a case study to Weihai County, Shandong Province in East China.Design and development are based on a linear combination of the Vegetation Condition Index(VCI), the Temperature Condition Index(TCI), and the Rainfall Condition Index(RCI)using multi-source satellite data to create a basic Drought Condition Index(DCI).VCI and TCI were derived from MODIS(Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer)data, while precipitation is taken from CHIRPS(Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data)data.For reasons of accuracy, the decisive coefficients were determined by the relative humidity of soils at depth of 10-20 cm of particular areas collected by an agrometeorological ground station.The correlation between DCI and soil humidity was optimized with the factors of 0.53, 0.33, and 0.14 for VCI, TCI, and RCI, respectively.The model revealed, light agricultural droughts from 2003 to 2013 and in 2018, while more severe droughts occurred in 2001 and 2002, 2014-2017, and 2019.The droughts were most severe in January, March, and December, and our findings coincide with historical records.The average temperature during 2012-2019 is 1°C higher than that during the period 2001-2011 and the average precipitation during 2014-2019 is 192.77 mm less than that during 2008-2013.The spatio-temporal accuracy of the HcDCI model was positively validated by correlation with agricultural crop yield quantities.The model thus, demonstrates its capability to reveal drought periods in detail, its transferability to other regions and its usefulness to take future measures.
Air pollution effects of industrial transformation in the Yangtze River Delta from the perspective of spatial spillover

The Yangtze River Delta (YRD) is a region in China with a serious contradiction between economic growth and environmental pollution.Exploring the spatiotemporal effects and influencing factors of air pollution in the region is highly important for formulating policies to promote the high-quality development of urban industries.This study uses the spatial Durbin model (SDM) to analyze the local direct and spatial spillover effects of industrial transformation on air pollution and quantifies the contribution of each factor.From 2008 to 2018,there was a significant spatial agglomeration of industrial sulfur dioxide emissions (ISDE) in the YRD,and every 1% increase in ISDE led to a synchronous increase of 0.603% in the ISDE in adjacent cities.The industrial scale index (ISCI) and industrial structure index (ISTI),as the core factors of industrial transformation,significantly affect the emissions of sulfur dioxide in the YRD,and the elastic coefficients are 0.677 and -0.368,respectively.The order of the direct effect of the explanatory variables on local ISDE is ISCI>ISTI>foreign direct investment (FDI)>enterprise technological innovation (ETI)>environmental regulation (ER)>per capita GDP (PGDP).Similarly,the order of the spatial spillover effect of all variables on ISDE in adjacent cities is ISCI>PGDP>FDI>ETI>ISTI>ER,and the coefficients of the ISCI and ISTI are 1.531 and 0.113,respectively.This study contributes to the existing research that verifies the environmental Kuznets curve in the YRD,denies the pollution heaven hypothesis,indicates the Porter hypothesis,and provides empirical evidence for the formation mechanism of regional environmental pollution from a spatial spillover perspective.
Surgical management and molecular diagnosis of persistent Mullerian duct syndrome in Chinese patients

Persistent Mullerian duct syndrome(PMDS)is a rare clinically and genetically overlapping disorder caused by mutations in the anti-Mullerian hormone(AMH)gene or the anti-Mullerian hormone receptor type 2(AMHR2)gene.Affected individuals present uterus and tubes in normally virilized males and are discovered unexpectedly during other surgeries.Since it is rare and complex, a definitive clinical diagnosis can be missed, and there are no guidelines regarding how to deal with the uterus.In the present study, exome sequencing and Sanger verification were performed for causal variants in 12 PMDS patients.Preoperative diagnoses were made by positive exome sequencing in 8 patients.Of them, 7 patients evoked on the basis of ultrasound indicating bilateral testes on the same side of the body.Twelve different AMH variants(2 frameshift/nonsense, 1 deletion, 8 missense, and 1 in-frame)in 9 patients and 6 different AMHR2 variants(5 missense and 1 splicing)in 3 patients were identified.Seven variants were classified as "pathogenic" or "likely pathogenic", and 4 of them were novel.All but two patients with AMH defects showed low serum AMH concentrations, but all patients with AMHR2 defects showed elevated AMH levels.During surgery, an abnormal vas deferens was observed in half of the patients.Eight patients underwent orchidopexy with uterine preservation.Of them, 2 patients presented complications including irreducible cryptorchidism, and 3 patients developed Mullerian remnant cysts.Three patients underwent subtotal hysterectomy.Of them, one patient had complication of injury to the vas deferens, and one had hemorrhage after operation.This is the first report of PMDS involving a large Chinese population.The present study not only expands the variation spectrum but also provides clinical experience about the management of the uterus.
定性指标单臂多中心临床试验中心效应的调整及SAS程序实现

目的探讨定性指标单臂多中心临床试验中调整中心效应的策略及其应用。方法介绍使用倒方差和D-L法计算中心加权效应值在定性指标单臂多中心临床试验中调整中心效应的基本原理和相关考虑,如权重的计算,率的转换等,编写SAS程序,并以“人工心脏瓣膜”试验为实例说明。结果计算中心加权效应值处理单臂多中心临床试验中心效应时,若各中心效应同质,各中心权重等于其效应值方差的倒数;可根据Q值判断是否需要对各中心权重进行调整。当分中心结局发生率趋近0或1时,建议对原始率进行数据转换。实例中,使用双反正弦转换法的结果显示,中心加权复合终点事件率的95%置信区间上限低于目标值,拒绝原假设,提示研究产品的疗效优于设定的目标疗效。结论定性指标单臂多中心临床试验调整中心效应可通过计算中心加权效应值,若分中心结局发生率接近0或1,建议先对原始效应值进行数据转换。
微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定钴基高温合金中银、铋、铅、硼、镧的含量

钴基高温合金具备较高的初熔温度、较好的抗腐蚀抗氧化性、优良的抗冷热疲劳性能与焊接性能。GH5188是典型的Co-Ni-Cr基固溶强化型高温合金,它以碳化物为主要强化相,现常用作10A航空发动机的封严片、头部转接段、冷却环、燃烧室内外壁等需要承受高温零部件的制作材料。
甲基百里香酚蓝分光光度法测定铝合金中锌的含量

铝合金是工业、生活中广泛应用的金属材料,锌是铝合金中的重要微量元素之一,在铝中加入锌等金属元素,会对铝合金产生明显的强化作用,因此准确测定铝合金中锌的含量具有重要意义。
Variation of Antarctic marginal ice zone extent (1989–2019)

The Antarctic marginal ice zone (MIZ) is the transition region between open water and consolidated pack ice, which is defined as an area with 15%–80% sea ice concentration. The MIZ represents the outer circle of Antarctic sea ice and the biological activity circle of Antarctic organisms, which provides a direct indication of the extent of Antarctic sea ice. In this study, the joint total variation and nonnegative constrained least square algorithm are applied to retrieve the Antarctic MIZ extent based on passive microwave data sets from 1989 to 2019. The spatial and temporal variations of the Antarctic MIZ extent and five regions are analyzed. The results show that the Antarctic MIZ extent follows a strong monthly variation pattern, decreasing from November to February and increasing from March to October. The annual MIZ extent is largest in the Weddell Sea and smallest in the Western Pacific Ocean. The edge of the sea ice begins to form a closed ring in May, which eventually closes near the Antarctic Peninsula. The ring width variation is large in summer, but generally stabilizes between 350 and 370 km in winter. The average latitude of the Antarctic MIZ is relatively stable in summer, but changes substantially in winter with a difference of approximately 3°. In October, the lowest mean latitude of the MIZ can reach 64.35°S. The sea surface pressure, 2-m temperature, and 10-m wind speed are negatively correlated with the MIZ extent variation, among which the second-order partial correlation coefficient of the sea surface pressure and MIZ extent is –0.8773 in the Western Pacific Ocean.
An outstanding example of cooperation between Arctic and non-Arctic countries in cryosphere and climate research: Sino-Finnish cooperation for more than 30 years

The cryosphere is interconnected with other components of the climate system through global exchange of water, energy, and carbon. Long-term sustainable and pragmatic scientific and technological cooperation on the cryosphere and climatology in polar and sub-polar regions between China and Finland began in the 1980s. The fields of bilateral cooperation include joint training of young scientists, joint field observations, climatological and ecological researches of polar and sub-polar sea ice, glaciers and frozen lakes, etc. The year 2020 marked the 70th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Finland. In order to celebrate the great achievements by Chinese and Finnish scientists in the fields of cryosphere and climate research, the Advances in Polar Science invited scientists from both sides to jointly organize a Special Issue entitled “Sino-Finnish cooperation on cryosphere and climatology in polar and sub-polar regions”. In this Special Issue, we have collected 10 papers, with most papers created jointly by scientists of both sides. The fruitful scientific achievement is strongly benefited from the sustainability of cooperation. Monitoring, research, prediction, mitigation, and adaptation to the climate change in the polar and sub-polar regions will definitively stay in the focus for many decades to come. A new era of Finnish-Chinese scientific collaboration on cryosphere has begun.
ZmGRAS11, transactivated by Opaque2, positively regulates kernel size in maize

Although the genetic basis for endosperm development in maize(Zea mays)has been well studied, the mechanism for coordinating grain filling with increasing kernel size remains elusive.Here, we report that increased kernel size was selected during modern breeding and identify a novel DELLA-like transcriptional regulator, ZmGRAS11, which positively regulates kernel size and kernel weight in maize.We find that Opaque2, a core transcription factor for zein protein and starch accumulation, transactivates the expression of ZmGRAS11.Our data suggest that the Opaque2-ZmGRAS11 module mediates synergistic endosperm enlargement with grain filling.
Effect of Wall Thicknesses on Broadband Design of Ka-Band TE_(21)-Mode Coupler

Commonly, the classical formulas are suitable for designing the TE_(21)-mode coupler for the operating frequency under Ka-band by ignoring the wall thickness. However, in practice, for the one operated in the Ka-band, such classical formulas are not valid and the effect of wall thicknesses should be considered. Herein, we propose a design method for the Ka-band TE_(21)-mode coupler via computer simulations, taking into account the wall thickness. The experimental results show that using the linear twice-weighted algorithm to optimize the coupling hole size can improve the coupler performance. And the bandwidth of such coupler increases by 10% with lower coupling loss (<0.5 dB) and higher isolation (> 40 dB).
替代健康膳食指数2010与慢性病发病关系的研究现状

膳食质量不良是营养相关的慢性病的重要危险因素。与单一的营养素或食物相比,总体健康的膳食质量对疾病风险的预测性更高。健康膳食指数(healthy eating index,HEI)是一项衡量居民整体膳食质量是否严格遵循《美国膳食指南》的评价工具。替代健康膳食指数(alternative healthy eating index,AHEI)是HEI的替代标准,是在HEI基础上结合可预测慢性病风险的食物组和营养素修订而成。AHEI-2010是AHEI的最新版本,被广泛应用于膳食质量和健康结局的研究中,研究发现遵循AHEI-2010推荐的膳食原则可降低与营养相关的慢性病的发生风险。本文对AHEI-2010及其构成组分、AHEI-2010与心血管病、癌症、2型糖尿病的发生风险的相关研究进行综述,以期对预测慢性病风险提供参考。
便携式睡眠监测在阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停诊疗中的临床应用专家共识(2021)

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)是目前最常见的睡眠呼吸障碍疾病。据估计,全球30~69岁人群中有9.36亿罹患该病,其中我国患病人数约为1.76亿,该病对人体会产生严重的多系统损害,已成为全球性健康问题。OSA的诊断主要依赖于睡眠中多种生物电信号和生理活动的持续同步记录,即多导睡眠监测(PSG)。目前人工值守的整夜PSG是确诊OSA和判断其严重程度的金标准,但人工值守的整夜PSG存在设备与环境要求高、分析技术复杂、费用较高等缺陷,难以满足庞大的OSA人群筛查诊断的临床需求。因此,早在1980年,便携式监测(portable monitoring,PM)设备便已问世,并得到相对广泛的使用。
在无菌隔离器内进行冻干制剂生产操作的规范性研究

无菌隔离器在制药行业的使用愈加广泛,但已有的研究更多地聚焦于设计布局、物料状态等方面,对人员操作因素的影响方面关注较少。以本公司冻干制剂生产车间为例,设计了一系列合理的无菌隔离器内干预操作,并在操作人员实行干预操作的基础上进行气流流型测试和无菌工艺验证。根据验证结果,判定操作人员在日常生产中的操作具有规范性,可为其他车间的无菌隔离器操作人员的培训和考察提供参考。
Nitro-tetrazole based high performing explosives:Recent overview of synthesis and energetic properties

Heterocyclic skeleton (Azoles) and different energetic groups containing high performing explosives are highly emerged in recent years to meet the challenging requirements of energetic materials in both military and civilian applications with improved performance.For this purpose tetrazole (Azole) is identified as an attractive heterocyclic backbone with energetic functional groups nitro (-NO_2),nitrato (-ONO_2),nitrimino (-NNO_2),and nitramino (eNHeNO_2) to replace the traditionally used high performing explosives.The tetrazole based compounds having these energetic functional groups demonstrated advanced energetic performance (detonation velocity and pressure),densities,and heat of formation (HOF) and became a potential replacement of traditional energetic compounds such as RDX.This review presents a summary of the recently reported nitro-tetrazole energetic compounds containing poly-nitro,di/mono-nitro,nitrato/nitramino/nitrimino,bridged/bis/di tetrazole and nitro functional groups,describing their preparation methods,advance energetic properties,and further applications as highperforming explosives,especially those reported in the last decade.This review aims to provide a fresh concept for designing nitro-tetrazole based high performing explosives together with major challenges and perspectives.
Mineralogy and geochemistry of siliciclastic Miocene Cuddalore Formation,Cauvery Basin,South India:Implications for provenance and paleoclimate

The Cuddalore Formation of the Cauvery Basin received siliciclastic detritus from inland areas of the Southern Granulite Terrain (SGT).It represented continental-fluvial sedimentation in the eastern continental margin of South India during the Miocene.Indian Summer Monsoon was thought to be initiated in the early Miocene and intensified during the middle Miocene causing major climatic shifts in the Indian subcontinent.In the present work,detailed mineralogical and geochemical studies on the siliciclastic Cuddalore Formation have been carried out to understand the provenance and paleoclimatic conditions during the Miocene.The paleocurrent direction,textural immaturity and framework detrital modes of sandstones suggest rapid uplift of basement and sediment source from nearby Madras Block of SGT.Various diagnostic immobile trace element ratios such as Th/Sc,Co/Th,La/Sc,La/Co suggest a tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite-charnockite provenance,and somewhat more felsic composition of source area compared to the present upper continental crust (UCC).Rare earth element mixed model suggests that sediments were dominantly (80%) sourced from felsic charnockite,with a minor contribution (20%) from mafic granulites.Higher abundance of advanced-weathering products like kaolinite,very high (>98) chemical index of alteration (CIA) values,severe depletion of mobile elements (Ca,Na,K,Mg,Ba,Rb) in comparison to UCC,significantly higher α_(Mg),α_(ca),α_(Na),α_K,α_(Sr) and α_(Ba) values (higher than the unity),all suggest the extreme chemical weathering in source terrain and/or in the sedimentary basin.Calculations based on CIA show high average surface temperature between 29.3 °C and 29.5 °C and high mean annual precipitation ranging from 2339 mm/yr to 2467 mm/yr.The geochemical data are consistent with the paleogeographic position of the depositional basin (Cauvery Basin) and suggest the deposition of Cuddalore sediments (the Cuddalore Formation) in a near-equatorial location under a warm climate condition with abundant monsoonal precipitation.