mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Spectral deconvolution analysis on Olivine-Orthopyroxene mixtures with simulated space weathering modifications

Olivine and pyroxene are important mineral end-members for studying the surface material compositions of mafic bodies.The profiles of visible and near-infrared spectra of olivine-orthopyroxene mixtures systematically vary with their composition ratios.In our experiments,we combine the RELAB spectral database with new spectral data obtained from some assembled olivine-orthopyroxene mixtures.We found that the commonly-used band area ratio(BAR,Cloutis et al.)does not work well on our newly obtained spectral data.To investigate this issue,an empirical procedure based on fitted results by a modified Gaussian model is proposed to analyze the spectral curves.Following the new empirical procedure,the endmember abundances can be estimated with a 15% accuracy with some prior mineral absorption features.In addition,the mixture samples configured in our experiments are also irradiated by pulsed lasers to simulate and investigate the space weathering effects.Spectral deconvolution results confirm that low-content olivine on celestial bodies is difficult to measure and estimate.Therefore,the olivine abundance of space weathered materials may be underestimated from remote sensing data.This study may be utilized to quantify the spectral relationship of olivine-orthopyroxene mixtures and further reveal their correlation between the spectra of ordinary chondrites and silicate asteroids.
Combined studies of surface evolution and crack healing for the suppression of negative factors during CO_2 laser repairing of fused silica

In order to reveal the evolution mechanism of repaired morphology and the material’s migration mechanism on the crack surface in the process of CO_2 laser repairing surface damage of fused silica optics, two multi-physics coupling mathematical models with different scales are developed, respectively. The physical problems, such as heat and mass transfer, material phase transition, melt flow, evaporation removal, and crack healing, are analyzed. Studies show that material ablation and the gasification recoil pressure accompanying the material splash are the leading factors in forming the Gaussian crater with a raised rim feature. The use of low-power lasers for a long time can fully melt the material around the crack before healing, which can greatly reduce the size of the residual air layer. Combined with the experimental research, the methods to suppress the negative factors (e.g., raised rim, deposited debris, air bubbles) in the CO_2 laser repairing process are proposed.
Quantitative analysis of uranium in electro-recovery salt of pyroprocessing using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

The amounts of nuclear materials in the LiCl-KCl salt in pyroprocessing have to be analyzed to prevent the diversion of the nuclear material.An alternative method to the chemical analysis has been pursued,and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS)is one candidate.In the present work,an in situ and quantitative analysis method of electro-recovery(ER)salt was proposed and demonstrated by using LIBS combined with dipstick sampling.Two types of simulated salt samples were prepared:ER salt sample and salt obtained from the dipstick sampling,and pulsed neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet(Nd:YAG)laser with a wavelength of 532 nm was focused on the salt to generate plasma.The plasma emission was measured by using an Echelle spectrometer with a resolution of 0.01 nm in conjunction with an Intensified Charge-Coupled Detector camera.The U and other rare earth peaks in the spectra were identified.The best Limit of Detection and Root Mean Square Error of Calibration of U were 38 ppm and 0.0203 wt%,respectively.Our work shows that the U in the pyroprocessing ER salt can be monitored with LIBS.
Investigation of non-thermal atmospheric plasma for the degradation of avermectin solution

Increasing concern with regard to food safety in the presence of pesticide residues(PRs)on the surface of agricultural products has resulted in the rapid development of practical degrading technologies for corresponding PRs.In this paper,an unconventional method of degrading pesticides,non-thermal atmospheric plasma(NTAP),was proposed to degrade the avermectin(AVM)in aqueous solution.Optical emission spectroscopy shows that NTAP,consisting of filamentary streamers,contains a variety of reactive oxygen species(ROS)that may interact with AVM.The high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)-MS/MS results indicate that the efficiency of AVM degradation seriously depends on multiple operation parameters of the NTAP,including the applied voltage,treatment time and gas flow rate.The maximum degradation rate of AVM was observed to be 97.47% after 240 s exposure under NTAP with an applied voltage of 18 kV and gas flow rate of 1 l min~(–1).Molecular dynamics simulation based on a reactive force field for the interaction between O(ground state atomic oxygen)and AVM was performed to analyze the underpinning mechanisms.The simulation result shows the possible pathways of the NTAPgenerated O degrading AVM by destroying the glycosyl group or fracturing the ester group.
SEQUENCES OF POWERS OF TOEPLITZ OPERATORS ON THE BERGMAN SPACE

We consider Toeplitz operators T_u with symbol u on the Bergman space of the unit ball,and then study the convergences and summability for the sequences of powers of Toeplitz operators.We first charactreize analytic symbols ϕ for which the sequence T_ϕ~(*k)f or T_ϕ~k f converges to 0 or ∞ as k → ∞ in norm for every nonzero Bergman function f.Also,we characterize analytic symbols ϕ for which the norm of such a sequence is summable or not summable.We also study the corresponding problems on an infinite direct sum of Bergman spaces as a generalization of our result.
Adaptive evolution of the rural human- environment system in farming and pastoral areas of northern China from 1952-2017

The theory on the cyclic adaptation between society and ecosystems sheds new light on the evolution and internal structure of human-environment systems. This paper introduces the risk index (RI) and adaptation capacity index (ACI) to evaluate the rural human- environment system. An evaluation index system for the adaptability of rural human- environment systems is configured in the context of climate change and policy implementation. On this basis, the stages, features, dominant control factors, and evolution mechanism were examined vis-a-vis the adaptability of the rural human-environment system in Darhan Muminggan Joint Banner from 1952 to 2017. The main results are as follows: (1) The evolution of the rural human-environment system can be divided into three stages, namely, the reorganization and rapid development stage (1952-2002) with population, cultivated land, livestock and degraded grassland increasing by 260%, 13%, 134% and 16.33%, respectively. The rapid to stable development stage (2003-2010) with population increasing by 2.8%; cultivated land, livestock and degraded grassland decreasing by 2.3%, 13.6% and 10.7%, respectively. The stable to release stage (2011-2017) with population, cultivated land, livestock and degraded grassland decreasing by 2.6%, 0.2%, 10.6% and 3.8%, respectively. (2) With the passage of time, the ACI of the rural human-environment system first increased slightly (-0.016-0.031), followed by a slight decline (0.031-0.003), and culminating in a rapid increase (0.003-0.088). In terms of spatial patterns, adaptability is high in the middle, moderate in the north, and low in the south. (3) The evolution of adaptability in the rural human- environment system was mainly controlled by the per capita effective irrigation area (22.31%) and the per capita number of livestock (23.47%) from 1990 to 2000, the desertified area (25.06%) and the land use intensity (21.27%) from 2000 to 2005, and the per capita income of farmers and herdsmen (20.08%) and the per capita number of livestock (18.52%) from 2010 to 2007. (4) Under the effects of climate change and policy interventions, the cyclic adaptation of the rural human-environment system was propelled by the interactions between two kinds of subjects: farmers and herdsmen on the one hand and rural communities on the other hand. The interaction affects the adaptive behavior of the two kinds of subjects, which in turn drives the cyclic evolution of the system. As a result, the system structure and functions developed alternatively between coordinated and uncoordinated states. Small-scale adaptive behaviors of farmers and herdsmen have a profound impact on the evolution of the rural human-environment system.
汽车空调冷凝器支架的优化改进设计

对某型号汽车冷凝器支架进行了有限元分析,研究了在给定频率和给定加速度条件下支座在振动台上振动时的应力、应变、位移分布情况以及疲劳寿命问题,对当前结构进行校核以及为后续的改进设计提供依据和理论参考。
基于中医基础理论的组方数据挖掘模型研究

采集某中医药大学附属门诊中药饮片目录537味中药作为基础数据,参照《中药编码规则及编码》和《中国药典》对中药名称及性味归经进行规范整理,按照模型定义构建基于中医基础理论的知识图谱数据,模型之间通过中药方剂和中药的性味归经作为纽带进行关联。使用Django框架和AntV G6开发可视化界面,并以经方麻黄汤为例进行全方面分析,从新的角度对中药方剂进行复杂网络可视化挖掘,整体而言,构建出的中药知识图谱模型,可以更深层次挖掘出组方中的规律,可以清楚的展示中药组方之间内部联系,能够用于组方分析、组方对比以及中老名医医案整理等方面,对临床研究新药与对经方挖掘有较强实用参考价值。
帕金森病疼痛的临床与基础研究

帕金森病是一种常见的由神经系统退行性病变所引起的疾病,通常以运动症状为主要临床表现。近年来,疼痛作为帕金森病非运动性症状之一,以其发生率高和对病人生活影响大的特点,愈发受到关注。针对帕金森病机制研究,目前已建立多种帕金森病动物模型。本文就帕金森病疼痛的临床特点、发生机制及帕金森病动物模型在痛觉研究中的应用做简要综述。
髌下脂肪垫与膝骨性关节炎相关性研究进展

髌下脂肪垫(infrapatellar fat pad,IPFP)是一种纤维脂肪组织,具有独特的微观和力学特征,其可以限制膝关节的过度活动,吸收膝关节前方的冲击,减少髌腱与胫骨之间的摩擦,具有保护膝关节作用。同时可产生多种促炎细胞因子,进一步加重骨性关节炎(osteoarthritis,OA)的疼痛。因此在OA研究中受到广泛关注。本文总结IPFP的解剖、生理、生物力学以及与OA生理病理过程的关系,揭示其在OA中的重要作用,为OA的治疗提供了指导。
胆管支气管瘘SPECT/CT肝胆显像2例

本文2例肝癌射频消融术后病灶坏死形成巨大囊腔,毗邻膈顶,是后期出现BBF的高危因素。肝脏射频消融术后发生BBF的几率非常低,但若患者术后咳胆汁样痰,应高度警惕是否伴发BBF。肝胆显像作为一种非侵入性检查,风险低,可以进行血流、血池及多个时相的动态观察,了解胆汁排泄过程,有利于发现异常排泄通路。根据异常排泄通路放射性药物的浓聚程度,一定程度上还可以间接提示瘘口大小及BBF的严重程度,指导临床选择治疗方案。本组2例肝胆显像及同机SPECT/CT显像均可见放射性药物经肝进入肺内支气管,进一步证实BBF的诊断,结合CT检查可以了解瘘口部位及肝脏病变、肺部感染情况。SPECT/CT将CT的解剖影像与功能显像相结合,不但可发现显像剂异常的排泄通路,还可以观察病变部位、形态结构、毗邻关系等,对于BBF的诊断及指导临床选择治疗方案具有较好的应用价值。
基于关联规则的住院患者非计划性拔管危险因素分析

目的挖掘住院患者非计划性拔管数据中有价值的关联规则,为制订院内非计划性拔管预防措施提供参考。方法回顾性整理172例非计划性拔管事件的数据资料,采用Apriori算法进行数据挖掘并进行关联规则评定。结果筛选出239条规则,结合专业知识选出具有临床指导意义的关联规则12条,其中男性、年龄60岁以上、意识清醒与自行拔除呈强关联,置管时长1~5 d、意识清醒、自行拔除与再次插管呈强关联,意识清醒的男性与3级导管拔除呈强关联等。结论在护理工作中应防范患者自行拔除管道,加强对3级管道的保护、重视管道置入初期患者的管理、准确评估拔管时机及时撤除管道,以降低非计划性拔管发生率。
“矢量和法”抗滑稳定计算模型的力学概念错误

采用有限元等数值计算方法确定的应力成果进行边坡或坝基整体抗滑稳定安全系数研究,目前主要有沿滑裂面的应力代数和法、朱大勇等的极限平衡改进法、葛修润的矢量和法。对于非单一平面滑动问题,由于沿滑裂面不同点的切向力代数求和有悖于力的矢量性原理,而极限平衡改进法模型仅考虑了法向应力成果为计算初值,矢量和法直接采用滑裂面的法向应力和切向应力研究抗滑稳定安全系数,因此受到业内学者的广泛关注。但是,矢量和方法的数学模型却存在:①安全系数定义中的滑动力和抗滑力的力学基本概念混淆自相矛盾;②抗滑稳定安全系数本义是指沿滑裂面的剪切滑移抗滑极限受力(切向抗滑力与切向滑动力)在投影方向上的平衡研究,却变成了滑裂面上的所有受力(切向力与法向力)沿投影方向的剪切滑移极限平衡安全系数力学定义怪论;③抗滑稳定极限平衡安全系数定义过程是一个没有具体受力平衡研究对象的“空想平衡”,导致了滑裂面的抗滑稳定受力研究主体与投影方向平衡研究手段的基本力学概念混淆错误。
Probing lysosomal activity in vivo

Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles for biomolecule degradation and recycling.They also serve as a nutrient sensing and signaling center to maintain cell and tissue homeostasis.Lysosomal properties alter in response to developmental or environmental cues, but these changes are hard to track in vivo.Employing C.elegans as a model system, we have developed assays to examine and quantify lysosome properties in vivo, including lysosome maturation, acidification and cleavage activity.These assays can be used to reveal alterations of lysosomal activity during C.elegans development and in stress conditions.
A Lightweight, Adhesive, Dual-Functionalized Over-Coating Interphase Toward Ultra-Stable High-Current Density Lithium Metal Anodes

Coherent manipulation of the lithium plating pattern is at the heart of the safe operation of metallic anodes in the battery technologies. In this article, a lightweight (~0.3 mg cm~(-2)), dual-functionalized carbon spheres are anchored onto the Cu foil as the interfacial protective layer via the chelation process of the catechol groups in the polydopamine precursor and the copper foil. The dual-functionalized carbon spheres exhibit the intriguing complementary features: Lithiophilic nitrogen dopants favor the Li~+ ion absorption and mitigate the nucleation barrier, while the micro/mesopore reservoir spatially homogenizes the ion flux distribution, confining the metallic propagation without dendrite-like protrusions. The metallic anode exhibits an ultra-stable plating/stripping process for 1 400 hr with the average Coulombic efficiency of ~99%. A full-cell prototype is constructed by pairing the N-doped carbon spheres on the bare Cu (NCS-Cu) electrode with the high-mass-loading LiVPO4F (12.5 mg cm~(-2)) cathode that can deliver a high energy density of 421.2 Wh kg~(-1) with the highest power density of 2 106 W kg~(-1) to promise the anode use for high-power/energy-dense metallic batteries.
Strategies for Rational Design of High-Power Lithium-ion Batteries

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have shown considerable promise as an energy storage system due to their high conversion efficiency, size options (from coin cell to grid storage), and free of gaseous exhaust. For LIBs, power density and energy density are two of the most important parameters for their practical use, and the power density is the key factor for applications such as fast-charging electric vehicles, high-power portable tools, and power grid stabilization. A high rate of performance is also required for devices that store electrical energy from seasonal or irregular energy sources, such as wind energy and wave energy. Significant efforts have been made over the last several years to improve the power density of LIBs through anodes, cathodes, and electrolytes, and much progress has been made. To provide a comprehensive picture of these recent achievements, this review discusses the progress made in high-power LIBs from 2013 to the present, including general and fundamental principles of high-power LIBs, challenges facing LIB development today, and an outlook for future LIB development.
Two-Dimensional Metal-Halide Perovskite-based Optoelectronics: Synthesis, Structure, Properties and Applications

In the past decade, metal-halide perovskites have attracted increasing attention in optoelectronics, due to their superior optoelectronic properties. However, inherent instabilities of conventional three-dimensional (3D) perovskites over moisture, heat, and light remain a severe challenge before the realization of commercial application of metal-halide perovskites. Interestingly, when the dimensions of metal-halide perovskites are reduced to two dimensions (2D), many of the novel properties will arise, such as enlarged bandgap, high photoluminescence quantum yield, and large exciton binding energy. As a result, 2D metal-halide perovskite-based optoelectronic devices display excellent performance, particularly as ambient stable solar cells with excellent power conversion efficiency (PCE), high-performance light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with sharp emission peak, and high-sensitive photodetectors. In this review, we first introduce the synthesis, structure, and physical properties of 2D perovskites. Then, the 2D perovskite-based solar cells, LEDs, and photodetectors are discussed. Finally, a brief overview of the opportunities and challenges for 2D perovskite optoelectronics is presented.
High Rate and Long Lifespan Sodium-Organic Batteries Using Pseudocapacitive Porphyrin Complexes-Based Cathode

Sodium-organic batteries utilizing natural abundance of sodium element and renewable active materials gain great attentions for grid-scale applications.However,the development is still limited by lack of suitable organic cathode materials with high electronic conductivity that can be operated stably in liquid electrolyte.Herein,we present 5,15-bis(ethynyl)-10,20-diphenylporphyrin(DEPP)and [5,15-bis(ethynyl)-10,20-diphenylporphinato]copper(II)(CuDEPP)as new cathodes for extremely stable sodium-organic batteries.The copper(II)ion partially contributes the charge storage and significantly stabilizes the structure of porphyrin complex for electrochemical energy storage.In situ electrochemical stabilization of organic cathode with a lower charging current density was identified which enables both improved high energy density and power density.An excellent longterm cycling stability up to 600 cycles and an extremely high power density of 28 kW kg~(-1) were achieved for porphyrin-based cathode.This observation would open new pathway for developing highly stable sodium-organic cathode for electrochemical energy storage.
A New Proof of the Stronger Second Mean Value Theorem for Integrals

R.Witula et al obtained a stronger version of the second mean value theorem for integral with some restrictions.In this paper,the stronger version theorem is proved without any restriction.The result is first restricted to the Riemann integrable functions and can be easily generalized to ${L^p}$ integrable functions by using the well-known result that continuous functions are dense in the Banach space ${L^p}\left[ {a,b} \right]$ for any $p \ge 1$.
β-cyclodextrin as Lithium-ion Diffusion Channel with Enhanced Kinetics for Stable Silicon Anode

Silicon (Si) is regarded as a promising anode material for next-generation lithium-ion batteries due to its ultrahigh theoretical capacity. However, the drastic volume change and the continuous solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation during the lithiation/delithiation process seriously hinder its practical application as commercial anodes. Herein, macrocyclic betacyclodextrin (β-CD) has been designed as the diffusion channel for lithium ions at the molecular scale. The diameter of molecular channel is approximately comparable with the solvated lithium ions, which enables the transport of lithium ions and prevents the penetration of solvent molecules. Moreover, the addition of β-CD changes the formation behavior of SEI layer and stabilizes the Si nanoparticles. The enhanced electrochemical performances in terms of fast kinetics and improved stability have been achieved. The Si anode with the particularly selected lithium-ion diffusion channel and stabilized SEI layer exhibits a high reversible capability of 2 562 mAh g~(-1) after 50 cycles at the current density of 500 mA g~(-1), 1 944 mAh g~(-1) after 200 cycles at the current density of 1 A g~(-1), and high rate performance. The novel strategy of molecular channel for lithium-ion diffusion offers new insights into the design of alloy-typed anode electrodes with high capacity for lithium-ion batteries.
Case series associated with COVID-19 pandemic in causing psychiatric morbidity

The COVID-19 has emerged as a public health emergency across the globe.Countries all over the world have been forced to enforce nationwide lockdowns to curb the transmission of this illness,affecting millions of people.The disorder and the lockdowns enforced have resulted in a complex set of psychosocial stressors in the lives of people,affecting their resilience and causing psychological stress and mental health issues.In this case series,we aim to highlight the role of such psychosocial stressors in causing mental health problems,especially in a vulnerable individual.The first case reports the onset of first-episode mania in a healthy individual with a family history of mental illness,after the sudden demise of the patient's mother due to COVID-19.The second case highlights the onset of psychosis in an adolescent girl following academic stress due to the inability to carry on her education through online classes.The third case demonstrates the exacerbation of dissociative episodes in a child following the financial crisis in the family during the lockdown period.In low-income to middle-income countries such as India,there is a complex interplay of the psychosocial stressors due to the COVID-19 pandemic with pre-existing issues such as poverty,socioeconomic disparity and inequity of resources leading to a 'double hit' for people from disadvantaged sections of the society and individuals with pre-existing mental illness or vulnerability for mental illness.
Development of a rapid GC-FID method to simultaneously determine triethylamine,diisopropylamine,and 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine residues in an active pharmaceutical ingredient

A rapid GC-FID method was developed to simultaneously determine residual levels of triethylamine(TEA),1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine(TMG),and diisopropylamine(DIPA)in the synthetic route of an active pharmaceutical ingredient(API).Due to the severe absorption of amines on GC stationary phases,GC columns with various stationary phases were evaluated for optimal peak shape and reproducibility.The final conditions used the Agilent CP-Volamine column to resolve the three amines in 12 min.Various inlet liners were also screened to further improve the sensitivity of the analysis.The Restek Siltek® liner was selected to achieve the desired detectability for the method.The quantitation limits were 4,3,and 4 µg/mL for TEA,DIPA,and TMG in the presence of API,respectively.All three amines showed good linearity(r >0.999)and recoveries(>90%)over the concentration range of 3 to 16 µg/mL.The testing of residual amines was initially performed at the penultimate stage of the synthesis.However,this work demonstrates that TMG can act as a proton sponge to react with salicylic acid,the counter ion of the penultimate,to form a volatile component that elutes at a different retention time.Consequently,in the final method,these three amines were monitored in the final API to circumvent the matrix interference.Key parameters of the method were qualified per method validation requirements in ICH guidelines.The method was successfully applied for batch testing during development and implemented as an inprocess control procedure at manufacturing sites.
Over 1 cm~2 flexible organic solar cells

Organic solar cells(OSCs)have received considerable attention and demonstrated great potential as flexible,lightweight,semitransparent,and low-cost energy sources.Flexible OSCs have practical applications in wearable electronics,portable chargers for back bags and tents,solar airships,etc.Many efforts have been made to improve the performance of flexible OSCs,including the development of flexible transparent electrodes,new organic materials,and optimization of the device structure.Progresses have been achieved in the last few years,and power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)of 16.1%,16.5%,13.61%,and 10.09% for 0.04 cm~2 singlejunction device,0.04 cm~2 tandem device,1 cm~2 single-junction device,and 25 cm~2 module were reported.
Laboratory study and predictive modeling for thaw subsidence in deep permafrost

Oil wells on the North Slope of Alaska pass through deep deposits of permafrost.The heat transferred during their operation causes localized thawing,resulting in ground subsidence adjacent to the well casings.This subsidence has a damaging effect,causing the casings to compress,deform,and potentially fail.This paper presents the results of a laboratory study of the thaw consolidation strain of deep permafrost and its predictive modeling.Tests were performed to determine strains due to thaw and post-thaw loading,as well as soil index properties.Results,together with data from an earlier testing program,were used to produce empirical models for predicting strains and ground subsidence.Four distinct strain cases were analyzed with three models by multiple regression analyses,and the best-fitting model was selected for each case.Models were further compared in a ground subsidence prediction using a shared subsurface profile.Laboratory results indicate that strains due to thaw and post-thaw testing in deep core permafrost are insensitive to depth and are more strongly influenced by stress redistributions and the presence of ice lenses and inclusions.Modeling results show that the most statistically valid and useful models were those constructed using moisture content,porosity,and degree of saturation.The applicability of these models was validated by comparison with results from Finite Element modeling.