mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
宫颈癌手术治疗多元化现状及其发展动向

宫颈癌是女性常见的恶性肿瘤。随着宫颈癌筛查技术的发展和普及,在发达国家,宫颈癌的发病率和死亡率在过去50年里降低了75%,但宫颈癌仍是一个主要的全球性健康问题。2012年全球宫颈癌发病人数52.8万,年死亡人数26.6万,85% 的宫颈癌发生在发展中国家。我国每年宫颈癌新发病例在13万以上。宫颈癌的治疗方法主要包括手术、放疗和化疗。随着分子生物学研究的快速发展,基因治疗、免疫治疗和疫苗预防等综合防治体系逐步进入我们的视野。目前,手术治疗仍是治疗早期宫颈癌的首选方法。根据宫颈癌的临床分期、病变范围、病理类型及患者的生育需求制定个性化的治疗方案。尽可能保留器官生理功能、减少手术创伤、提高患者的生存质量及减少远期并发症已成为妇科肿瘤医师的工作目标。同时,随着对盆腔解剖认识的不断完善及新科技、新设备的运用,全球各地区宫颈癌手术方式也日新月异,逐步呈现多元化趋势。
活髓保存治疗材料的现况与展望

牙髓不仅能为牙齿提供营养,还能使牙齿感受到环境的刺激,牙髓的反应与牙本质再生能阻挡外界病原体的入侵,牙髓的健康关系着牙齿的存活率。医学的进步使人们对于医疗的要求不再局限于治疗疾病与缓解症状,还希望保留及重建天然的人体组织并维持其正常功能。从牙科医疗的观点出发,人们希望牙科治疗能有更理想的预后以保留更多的天然牙列,同时对于牙齿美观上的要求也相应提高了。当牙髓或牙根周围组织由于龋齿、断裂或其他因素造成牙髓及周围组织疾病,则需要以根管治疗或活髓保存治疗(vital pulp therapy)等术式保存牙齿与牙髓的功能。微创牙医学时代的来临改进了传统活髓治疗的缺点,寻求高成功率、低创伤的新型活髓治疗材料与治疗理念将成为未来牙科医疗发展的趋势之一。由于组织再生观念的进步与生物医学材料的发展,钙硅陶瓷材料等具有生物活性的材料,因其生物相容性良好并具有诱导钙化组织生成的能力,在活髓保存治疗中具有良好的应用前景。现针对活髓保存治疗生物医学材料的应用与改良做一文献回顾,以钙硅类材料为例探讨生物医学材料在活髓保存治疗中的作用。
Cesium carbonate supported on hydroxyapatite coated Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4 magnetic nanoparticles as an efficient and green catalyst for the synthesis of pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles

Cesium carbonate supported on hydroxyapatite coated Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4 magnetic nanoparticles(Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4@Hap–Cs_2CO_3) was found to be magnetically separable, highly efficient, green and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst. The synthesized nanocatalyst has been characterized with several methods (FT-IR, SEM, TEM, XRD and XRF) and these analyzes confirmed which the cesium carbonate is well supported to catalyst surface. After full characterization, its catalytic activity was investigated in the synthesis of pyranopyrazole derivatives and the reactions were carried out at room temperature in 50:50 water/ethanol with excellent yields (88–95%). More importantly, the Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4@Hap–Cs_2CO_3 was easily separated from the reaction mixture by external magnetic field and efficiently reused at least six runs without any loss of its catalytic activity. Thus, the developed nanomagnetic base catalyst is potentially useful for the green and economic production of organic compounds.
Rationalization of regioselectivity of electrophilic substitution reaction for cyclic compounds in terms of D_(pb) values

Accepted theories predict that substitution reactions are controlled by the electronic nature of the attacked site for electrophilic aromatic substitution. Here it is shown that in addition the bond strength of the broken bond may also influence the regioselectivity of the substitution reaction, and that the D_(pb) is a good indicator of the strength of a chemical bond. The D_(pb) denotes the depth of the potential acting on one electron in amolecule at the bond center (bc). In this letter, the values of D_(pb) along the C–H and N–H bonds have been investigated, and it is demonstrated that for aromatic compounds, the regioselectivity of the electrophilic substitution can well be rationalized in terms of D_(pb) values.
Assembly of zinc metallacrowns with an α-amino hydroxamic acid ligand

In the assembly of metallacrowns for molecular recognition, luminescence, and molecular magnetism applications, substituting the ring ion can have profound effects on the structure, stability, and physical properties of the inorganic macrocycle. The assembly of Zn(II) metallacrowns with an α-amino hydroxamic acid ligand (pheHA) was investigated to compare the assembly behavior with the well studied metallacrowns containing Cu(II) and Ni(II). Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry reveals that the benchmark species Zn_5(pheHA)_4~(2+) and LnZn_5(pheHA)_5~(3+) assemble in pyridine, which is consistent with the behavior of Cu(II) and Ni(II). A LnZn_4(pheHA)_4~(3+) species is also observed in a 1:1 DMF-pyridine mixture. An unprecedented La(III)[16-MC_(Zn(II),pheHA,HpheHA)-6]~(5+) complex was crystallographically characterized that possesses unusual C_2 symmetry. These results provide insights into the design of functional metallacrowns through ring ion substitution.
利胆消黄汤对肝胆湿热型急性黄疸型肝炎患者的疗效观察

目的:观察利胆消黄汤对肝胆湿热型急性黄疸型肝炎的治疗效果。方法:选取住院肝胆湿热型急性黄疸型肝炎患者92例,随机分为利胆消黄汤联合西药组(观察组)和西药组(对照组)各46例,进行治疗后观察其临床疗效并进行肝功能评价。结果:观察组总有效率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);两组治疗前后TBIL及ALT差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),观察组降酶、退黄效果优于对照组。结论:利胆消黄汤治疗肝胆湿热型急性黄疸型肝炎有良好的临床疗效,值得临床推广。
Solidification characteristics of high Nb-containing c-TiAl-based alloys with different aluminum contents

The effect of Al content on the microstructure and solidification characteristics of Ti–Al–Nb–V–Cr alloys in as-cast and isothermally treated states was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The typical solidification characteristics are due to the joint influence of both the crystal temperature range and the solidification path. The wide crystallization temperature range contributes to obtaining coarse dendrites in the as-cast Ti47Al7Nb2.5V1.0Cr (at%) alloy solidifying through the peritectic reaction. The β-solidifying Ti46Al7Nb2.5V1.0Cr (at%) alloy with the narrow crystallization temperature range is attributed to the formation of a homogeneous finegrained microstructure. However, the crystallization temperature range of Ti48Al7Nb2.5V1.0Cr (at%) alloy is equivalent to that of Ti46Al7Nb2.5V1.0Cr alloy, but it is solidified by peritectic reaction, leading to the formation of finer dendrites.
Growth of single crystal K_3Y_3(BO_3)_4 with low-symmetry structure and multi-type of substitutional sites

Single crystals of K_3Y_3(BO_3)_4 were grown using the KBO_2, LiF, and Li_2CO_3 as the fluxes by the top-seed solution method. The K_3Y_3(BO_3)_4 can be an excellent host for doping of Yb~(3+), because there are six low-symmetric yttrium atoms in one unit-cell of K_3Y_3(BO_3)_4. The growth of K_3Y_3(BO_3)_4 was studied in detail, and a good crystal with sizes of 24 mm 9 15 mm 9 8 mm was grown successfully below 900 ℃. Some characteristics, such as the X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, and thermal analysis, were also performed.
Leaching and mass transfer characteristics of elements from ion-adsorption type rare earth ore

The differences in the leaching and mass transfer characteristics of ion-adsorption type rare earth ore between rare earth and non-rare earth impurities were investigated. It is determined that the leaching kinetics of rare earths (REs), Mg and Ca could be described by the shrinking-core model. The leaching rate is controlled by inner diffusion and is in the order of Mg>Ca>RE. The apparent activation energy is 8.48, 6.79 and 6.32 kJ·mol~(-1), respectively. In leaching system of Al, the leaching efficiency decreases with the increase in temperature because of hydrolysis reactions. The leaching efficiency of aluminum increases firstly and then decreases with the passage of time when the temperature is higher than 35 ℃. Besides, there is a good consistency in leaching characteristics and mass transfer, and the order of the time-topeak is Mg
GPU Accelerated Real-Time Collision Handling in Virtual Disassembly

Previous collision detection methods for virtual disassembly mainly detect collisions at discrete time intervals, and use oriented bounding boxes to speed up the process. However, these discrete methods cannot guarantee no penetration occurs when the components move. Meanwhile, because some of the components are embedded into each other, these components cannot be separated in the subsequent process. To solve these problems, we propose an approach for real-time collision handling by utilizing the computational power of modern GPUs. First we present a novel GPU-based collision handling framework for virtual disassembly. Second we use a collision-streams based continuous collision detection to guarantee no collision missed. Finally we introduce a triangle intersection detection algorithm to solve the problem that collision cannot be detected when the components are embedded into each other at the initial configuration. The experimental results show that our method can improve the overall performance of collision detection and achieve real-time simulation.
不剃发应用于非感染性头皮肿块术前备皮的临床研究

头皮肿块在临床较常见,多数需手术治疗。术前剃光头或局部剃发是常规的术前准备,目的是方便手术操作,减少感染。有文献报告剃发并不能减少感染机会,国外多采用局部剃发甚至不剃发。本研究观察非感染性头皮肿块术前备皮时不剃发对术中操作和切口愈合的影响,探讨不剃发应用于术前准备的可行性。
海洋微藻固碳及其培养技术的研究进展

海洋微藻生物固定CO_2是一种可持续性的处理温室气体的方法, 海洋微藻不仅能吸收CO_2, 还能通过固碳产出高附加值产品, 比如蛋白、多糖、生物质能等。与传统的物理和化学法固定CO_2技术相比, 海洋微藻固碳具有光合速率高、生长速度快、环境适应性强, 且不需要CO_2的分离而直接利用等特点。海洋微藻可以直接利用光合作用经过CCM 机制捕捉和固定CO_2, 形成自身生物质能。目前普遍认为海洋微藻生物制品的生产应该与微藻固碳结合进行综合发展, 特别是利用电厂排放的CO_2作为微藻碳源, 以降低培养成本, 在获得高附加值产品的同时, 获得环境效益。
Spatio-temporal characteristics and causes of changes in erosion-accretion in the Yangtze (Changjiang) submerged delta from 1982 to 2010

The Yangtze delta’s response to accelerating river damming and irrigation is a topic of global concern. This research analyzed the general erosion-accretion of the submerged delta front, the spatio-temporal changing pattern in different sub-regions, the geomorphological changes in typical cross-sections, and the geomorphological causes of the four main sub-regions (the eastern tidal wetland of Chongming–CM, the Hengsha shoal–HS, the Jiuduansha wetland–JDS, and the eastern tidal wetland of Nanhui–NH). Data sources include topographic data measured at high-resolution, sediment load at Datong Station, and the corresponding estuary construction information. Major findings are: (1) in general, the study area had slightly eroded (the erosion area ratio was 51.83% and the accretion area ratio was 48.17%) from 1982 to 2010, and it had experienced a shift of “erosion-accretion- erosion”. The spatio-temporal change of geomorphology was also significant in the eight sub-regions, excluding constant erosion in the North Channel; (2) evolution in eastern and northern CM and HS, northern JDS, and the region within the 5 m isobath of NH was dominated by vertical deposition, which was the opposite of that in southern CM and HS, and the region within the 5 m isobath of eastern and southern JDS; (3) on the whole, the encompassed surface areas (ESAs) of the 2 m and 5 m isobaths kept increasing, and the annual growth rates reached 10.42 km~2/yr and 7.99 km~2/yr respectively during 1982–2010 (however, four sub-regions exhibited disagreements), and in the whole region and all sub-regions, the ESA of the 10 m isobath decreased, while the ESA of the 15 m isobath changed slightly during the period and remained stable; (4) being less influenced by the estuarine engineering, CM was the only sub-region where the ESA of the isobath decreased in accordance with the decline of the sediment load. Major conclusions are that estuarine engineering projects play an increasingly important role in affecting the submerged delta against the macro-background of the reduction of sediment load, the change of ESA and the distribution of isobaths. Along with the accelerating construction of the Shanghai International Shipping Centre and reclamation project, the geomorphological evolution of the submerged delta will become more complex and thus deserves frequent monitoring in the future.
Erratum: Laser-Induced Graphite Plasma Kinetic Spectroscopy under Different Ambient Pressures [Chin. Phys. Lett. Vol. 32, No. 4, 043201(2015)]

There is a typewriting mistake in our previous report [Chin. Phys. Lett. 32, 4 (2015) 043201], the name of the fourth author M. Bohadoran should be M. Bahadoran. We note that this mistake does not affect the conclusion of our report, and apologize for any inconvenience for readers caused by our oversight.
Evaluation of the Ultrafast Thermal Manipulation of Magnetization Precession in Ferromagnetic Semiconductor (Ga,Mn)As

We present a quantitative evaluation study of the thermal effect responsible for laser-triggered collective magnetization dynamics in a ferromagnetic (Ga,Mn)As film without applying the external magnetic field by employing the pump-probe magneto-optical spectroscopy. Our observation shows that the effect of ultrafast laser heating on the manipulation of magnetization precession in a (Ga,Mn)As film is not exactly equivalent to that of the ambient temperature increase, and needs to be carefully analyzed by considering the temperature-dependent specific heat of (Ga,Mn)As. The transient modulation of magnetocrystalline anisotropy via ultrafast laser heating at low temperature exhibits a higher sensitivity than that at high temperature. The quantitative analysis of the laserheating manipulated magnetization precession presented in this work is helpful for evaluating the laser-triggered ultrafast magnetization dynamics in (Ga,Mn)As films.
Critical Behavior of the Energy Gap and Its Relation with the Berry Phase Close to the Excited State Quantum Phase Transition in the Lipkin Model

In our previous work [Phys. Rev. A 85 (2012) 044102], we studied the Berry phase of the ground state and exited states in the Lipkin model. In this work, using the Hellmann–Feynman theorem, we derive the relation between the energy gap and the Berry phase closed to the excited state quantum phase transition (ESQPT) in the Lipkin model. It is found that the energy gap is approximately linearly dependent on the Berry phase being closed to the ESQPT for large N. As a result, the critical behavior of the energy gap is similar to that of the Berry phase. In addition, we also perform a semiclassical qualitative analysis about the critical behavior of the energy gap.
Synthesis of Nafion~?-stabilized Pt nanoparticles to improve the durability of proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Nafion~?-stabilized Pt nanoparticle colloidal solution is synthesized through ethylene glycol reduction. Pt/Nafion~? added with carbon black as electric conduction material (labeled Pt/Nafion~?-XC72) shows excellent electrochemical property compared with Pt/C. After a 300-cycle discharging durability test, the cell performance of membrane electrode assembly (MEA) with the Pt/Nafion~?-XC72 and Pt/C catalysts indicates a 29.9% and 92.2% decrease, respectively. The charge transfer resistances of Pt/Nafion~?-XC72 and Pt/C increase by 27.2% and 101.9%, respectively. The remaining electrochemically active surface area of Pt is about 61.7% in Pt/Nafion~?-XC72 and about 38.1% in Pt/C after the durability test. The particle size of Pt/C increases from about 5.1 nm to about 10.8 nm but only from 3.6 nm to 5.8 nm in the case of Pt/Nafion~?-XC72. These data suggest that Pt/Nafion~?-XC72 as a catalyst can enhance the durability of PEMFCs compared with Pt/C.
Phosphonated USY, a promising catalyst for the development of environmentally benign biodiesel (methyl acetate) process

The present study focuses on the evaluation of the potential applicability of Ultra Stable Y (USY) and phosphonated USY (1 wt%-4 wt% phosphorous loading) as heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel (methyl acetate) production. The synthesized catalysts were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunaer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, total acidity by temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia (TPD-NH3) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra. The performances of catalysts were evaluated for the transesterification of butyl acetate with methanol (a model reaction in biodiesel production). In view to obtain a maximum yield of methyl acetate, the optimization of process parameters such as reactant molar ratio, catalyst loading, reaction temperature and reaction time was performed. All the phosphonated USY catalysts showed higher catalytic activity than the parent USY, which can be attributed to the increase of total acidity due to phosphonation. 2 wt% P/USY (2% phosphorous loaded on USY) exhibited 92% methyl acetate yield with 100% selectivity, which was proved to be a potential catalyst for biodiesel production. The invented catalyst was found to be stable and reusable for five catalytic cycles, demonstrating that it might be a environmentally benign catalytic process.
Electrochemical performance of Klason lignin as a low-cost cathode-active material for primary lithium battery

A few classes of organic compounds are promising electrode-active materials due to their high power and energy densities, low cost, environmental friendliness, and functionality. In the present work, the possibility of using Klason lignin extracted from buckwheat husks as a cathode-active material for a primary lithium battery has been investigated for the first time. The reaction mechanism in the lithium/lignin electrochemical cell was suggested based on the deep galvanostatic discharge (up to 0.005 V) data and cyclic voltammetry results. The dependence of the electrochemical behavior of the Klason lignin on the milling degree was evaluated. The maximum specific capacity of the lignin is equal to 600 mAh·g~(-1) at a discharge current density of 75 μA·cm~(-2). Beneficial effect of the thermal treatment of the Klason lignin cathode at 250 ℃ on the cell performance was established. It was found that the discharge capacity of the cell increased by 30% in the range from 3.3 to 0.9 V for the treated cathode material. These results demonstrate the prospects of using Klason lignin-based electrochemical cells as low-rate primary power sources.
Production of high-purity hydrogen by sorption-enhanced steam reforming process of methanol

The sorption-enhanced steam reforming process of methanol (SESRP-MeOH) to produce high-purity H_2 was thermodynamically and experimentally studied. Thermodynamic calculations showed that at a CO_2 adsorption ratio of 95%, product gas contains 98.36% H_2, 32.8 ppm CO under temperature of 130 ℃ and steam-to-methanol (S/M) molar ratio of 2. However, without adsorption-enhanced, the product gas contains nearly 74.99% H_2 with 24.96% CO_2 and 525 ppm CO. To verify the thermodynamic calculation results, experiments were performed in a fixed-bed reactor loaded with commercial CuO/ZnO/Al_2O_3 methanol reforming catalyst and 22% K_2CO_3-promoted hydrotalcite as CO_2 adsorbent. Experimental results showed that 99.61% H_2 could be obtained by SESRP-MeOH at reaction temperature of 230 ℃ and S/M of 2. Under the same CH_3OH conversion, the reaction temperature decreased by almost 50 ℃ and H_2 concentration increased of more than 20% using SESRP-MeOH compared with solely steam reforming of methanol. The characterization of the adsorbent and catalyst showed that the adsorbent showed good stability while the catalyst was seriously sintered under the high regeneration temperature of the adsorbent.
Dissociation behavior of ``dry water" C_3H_8 hydrate below ice point: Effect of phase state of unreacted residual water on a mechanism of gas hydrates dissociation

The results on a dissociation behavior of propane hydrates prepared from ``dry water" and contained unreacted residual water in the form of ice inclusions or supercooled liquid water (water solution of gas) were presented for temperatures below 273 K. The temperature ramping or pressure release method was used for the dissociation of propane hydrate samples. It was found that the mechanism of gas hydrate dissociation at temperatures below 273 K depended on the phase state of unreacted water in the hydrate sample. Gas hydrates dissociated into ice and gas if the ice inclusions were in the hydrate sample. The samples of propane hydrates with inclusions of unreacted supercooled water only (without ice inclusions) dissociated into supercooled water and gas below the pressure of the supercooled water-hydrate-gas metastable equilibrium.
Carbide derived carbon electrode with natural graphite addition in magnesium electrolyte based cell for supercapacitor enhancements

Herein, we have presented a supercapacitor based on carbide derived carbon (CDC) electrode with natural graphite (NG) addition. The capacitor was analyzed at 22 ℃ by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge-discharge and impedance techniques using a 0.5 mol/L of magnesium (II) bis (trifluoro methanesulfonyl) imide (MgTFSI) in ethylene carbonate-propylene carbonate (EC:PC = 1:1, v/v) as electrolyte. The results conclude that the CDC cell enhancements have been proven by the composite electrode (5%--30% NG to CDC) especially on the cell efficiency and voltage i.e., the CDC cell around 2.5 V limit was improved. An obtainable specific capacitance, real power and energy density are 15 F·g~(-1), 1.2 kW·kg~(-1) and 15 Wh·kg~(-1), respectively.
Synergetic influence of ex-situ camphoric carbon nano-grafting on lithium titanates for lithium ion capacitors

The present study provides detailed experimental results on the synthesis and characterization of carbonized lithium titanate spinel (LTO) composites as electrode materials for lithium ion capacitor. The LTO particles were grafted with a porous carbon layer obtained from the pyrolysis of camphor. The graphitic nature of the carbon was confirmed through Raman spectroscopy. The relative contributions from the capacitive and diffusion controlled processes underlying these electrodes were mathematically modeled. Electron transport mechanism underlying these electrodes was determined by measuring the work functions (ψ) of LTO and carbon grafted LTO using ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy. These carbon grafted LTO composites exhibited an energy density of 330 mWh·L~(-1) and a peak power density of 2.8 kW·L~(-1), when employed as electrodes in coin cells with excellent cycling stability at the end of 4000 cycles.
Titanium effect on the microstructure and properties of laminated high boron steel plates

High-boron steel is an important material used for thermal neutron shielding. The appropriate amount of added boron must be determined because excessive boron may deteriorate the steel’s workability. A uniform microstructure can be formed by adding titanium to boron steel. In this study, casting and hot rolling were used to fabricate laminated high-boron steel plates whose cores contained 2.25wt% boron and 0wt%–7.9wt% titanium. The effects of titanium content and hot-rolling and heat-treatment processes on the microstructure and properties of the laminated plates were studied. The results indicated that the optimum titanium content was 5.7wt% when the boron content was 2.25wt%, and that the best overall properties were obtained after heat treatment at 1100°C for 4 h. The tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation at the specified temperature and holding time were as high as 526.88 MPa, 219.36 MPa, and 29%, respectively.
Trends of Temperature Extremes in Summer and Winter during 1971-2013 in China

The diurnal temperature range (DTR) has decreased dramatically in recent decades, but it is not yet obvious whether the extreme values of DTR have also reduced. Based on the daily maximum and minimum temperature data of 653 stations in China, a set of monthly indices of warm extremes, cold extremes, and DTR extremes in summer (June, July, August) and winter (December, January, February) were studied for spatial and temporal features during the period 1971–2013. Results show that the incidence of warm extremes has been increasing in most parts of China, while the opposite trend was found in the cold extremes for summer and winter months. Both increasing and decreasing trends of monthly DTR extremes were identified in China for both seasons. For high DTR extremes, decreasing trends were identified in northern China for both seasons, but increasing trends were found only in southern China in summer, while in winter, they were found in central China. Monthly low DTR extreme indices demonstrated consistent positive trends in summer and winter, while significant increases (P< 0.05) were identified for only a few stations.