mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Application of moderate nitrogen levels alleviates yield loss and grain quality deterioration caused by post-silking heat stress in fresh waxy maize

High temperature (HT)during grain filling is one of the most important environmental factors limiting maize yield and grain quality.Nitrogen (N)fertilizer is essential for maintaining normal plant growth and defense against environmental stresses.The effects of three N rates and two temperature regimes on the grain yield and quality of fresh waxy maize were studied using the hybrids Suyunuo 5 (SYN5)and Yunuo 7 (YN7)as materials.N application rates were 1.5, 4.5, and 7.5 g plant~(-1), representing low, moderate, and high N levels (LN, MN, and HN, respectively).Mean day/night temperatures during the grain filling of spring- and summer-sown plants were 27.6/21.0 °C and 28.6/20.0 °C for ambient temperature (AT)and 35/21.0 °C and 35/20.0 °C for HT, respectively.On average, HT reduced kernel number, weight, yield, and moisture content by 29.8%, 17.9%, 38.7%, and 3.3%,respectively.Kernel number, weight, yield, moisture, and starch contents were highest under MN among the three N rates under both temperature regimes.HT reduced grain starch content at all N levels.HT increased grain protein content, which gradually increased with N rate.Mean starch granule size under MN was larger (10.9 μm)than that under LN and HN (both 10.4 μm)at AT.However, the mean size of starch granules was higher under LN (11.7 μm)and lower under MN (11.2 μm)at HT.Iodine binding capacity (IBC)was lowest under MN and highest under HN among the three N levels under both temperature regimes.In general, IBC at all N rates was increased by HT.Peak viscosity (PV)was gradually reduced with increasing N rate at AT.In comparison with LN, PV was increased by MN and decreased by HN at HT.Retrogradation percentage gradually increased with N rate at AT,but was lowest under MN among the three N rates at HT.LN + AT and MN + HT produced grain with high pasting viscosity and low retrogradation tendency.MN application could alleviate the negative effects of HT on the grain yield and quality of fresh waxy maize.
Classification of four distinct osteoarthritis subtypes with a knee joint tissue transcriptome atlas

The limited molecular classifications and disease signatures of osteoarthritis (OA) impede the development of prediagnosis and targeted therapeutics for OA patients. To classify and understand the subtypes of OA, we collected three types of tissue including cartilage, subchondral bone, and synovium from multiple clinical centers and constructed an extensive transcriptome atlas of OA patients. By applying unsupervised clustering analysis to the cartilage transcriptome, OA patients were classified into four subtypes with distinct molecular signatures: a glycosaminoglycan metabolic disorder subtype (C1), a collagen metabolic disorder subtype (C2), an activated sensory neuron subtype (C3), and an inflammation subtype (C4). Through ligand-receptor crosstalk analysis of the three knee tissue types, we linked molecular functions with the clinical symptoms of different OA subtypes. For example, the Gene Ontology functional term of vasculature development was enriched in the subchondral bone-cartilage crosstalk of C2 and the cartilage-subchondral bone crosstalk of C4, which might lead to severe osteophytes in C2 patients and apparent joint space narrowing in C4 patients. Based on the marker genes of the four OA subtypes identified in this study, we modeled OA subtypes with two independent published RNA-seq datasets through random forest classification. The findings of this work contradicted traditional OA diagnosis by medical imaging and revealed distinct molecular subtypes in knee OA patients, which may allow for precise diagnosis and treatment of OA.
Characterizing Uncertainty in City-Wide Disaster Recovery through Geospatial Multi-Lifeline Restoration Modeling of Earthquake Impact in the District of North Vancouver

Restoring lifeline services to an urban neighborhood impacted by a large disaster is critical to the recovery of the city as a whole. Since cities are comprised of many dependent lifeline systems, the pattern of the restoration of each lifeline system can have an impact on one or more others. Due to the often uncertain and complex interactions between dense lifeline systems and their individual operations at the urban scale, it is typically unclear how different patterns of restoration will impact the overall recovery of lifeline system functioning. A difficulty in addressing this problem is the siloed nature of the knowledge and operations of different types of lifelines. Here, a city-wide, multi-lifeline restoration model and simulation are provided to address this issue. The approach uses the Graph Model for Operational Resilience, a data-driven discrete event simulator that can model the spatial and functional cascade of hazard effects and the pattern of restoration over time. A novel case study model of the District of North Vancouver is constructed and simulated for a reference magnitude 7.3 earthquake. The model comprises municipal water and wastewater, power distribution, and transport systems. The model includes 1725 entities from within these sectors, connected through 6456 dependency relationships. Simulation of the model shows that water distribution and wastewater treatment systems recover more quickly and with less uncertainty than electric power and road networks. Understanding this uncertainty will provide the opportunity to improve data collection, modeling, and collaboration with stakeholders in the future.
Effects of pre-existing cracks and infillings on strength of natural rocks e Cases of sandstone, argillite and basalt

This study aims to examine the influence of pre-existing discontinuities on the strengths of four natural rocks of different origins. A series of unconfined compression tests was performed on specimens of two types of sandstones, argillite and basalt that contain open and filled cracks. It was found that the presence of cracks tends to decrease the overall strength for all studied rocks; however, the magnitude of strength reduction is related to the property of rock. The larger strength decrease was observed for the relatively harder argillite and basalt, compared to the softer sandstone. It was also found that the infill material could increase the strength of rock specimens, while the obtained strength depended on the characteristics of the fill material.
A method to experimentally investigate injection-induced activation of fractures

Natural fractures are generally well developed in most hydrocarbon and geothermal reservoirs, which can produce complex fracture networks due to the activation of fractures during hydraulic stimulation. The present paper is devoted to developing a method to investigate the activation characteristics of fracture under injection-shearing coupled condition at laboratory scale. The fluid is injected into the single-fractured granite until the fracture is activated based on the triaxial direct shear tests. The results show that injection process can significantly influence the shear stress distribution field, resulting in release of shear stress and relative slip between the opposite sides of the fractured surface. The injectioninduced activation of fracture is strongly dependent on the stress states. When the normal stress increases, the injection-induced activation pressure increases, and the comparatively high normal stress can restrain the fracture activation. The fracture deformation mechanisms during fluid injection are also discussed preliminarily with the experimental data. The sensitivity of shear stress to fluid injection increases with increase of shear stress level, while it decreases under high normal stress. The results can facilitate our understanding of the natural fracture activation behavior during fluid pressure stimulation.
Development of a dual-fluorescence reporter system for high-throughput screening of L-aspartate-α-decarboxylase

β-Alanine (3-aminopropionic acid) holds great potential in industrial application. It can be obtained through a chemical synthesis route, which is hazardous to the environment. It is well known that L-aspartate-α-decarboxylase (ADC) can convert L-aspartate to β-alanine in bacteria. However, due to the low activity of ADC, industrial production of β-alanine through the green biological route remains unclear. Thus, improving the activity of ADC is critical to reduce the cost of β-alanine production. In this study, we established a dual-fluorescence high-throughput system for efficient ADC screening. By measuring the amount of β-alanine and the expression level of ADC using two different fluorescence markers, we can rapidly quantify the relative activity of ADC variants. From a mutagenesis library containing 2000 ADC variants, we obtained a mutant with 33% increased activity. Further analysis revealed that mutations of K43R and P103Q in ADC significantly improved the yield of β-alanine produced by the whole-cell biocatalysis. Compared with the previous single-fluorescence method, our system can not only quantify the amount of β-alanine but also measure the expression level of ADC with different fluorescence, making it able to effectively screen out ADC variants with improved relative activity. The dual-fluorescence high-throughput system for rapid screening of ADC provides a good strategy for industrial production of β-alanine via the biological conversion route in the future.
miR-3677-3p promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression via inhibiting GSK3β

MicroRNAs play important roles in regulating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) formation, progression and metastasis. However, their functions and the underlying molecular mechanisms are still unclear. Here, we found that miR-3677-3p was highly expressed in primary tumor tissues of HCC patients. And its inhibition by using sponge in HCC cells could suppress cell proliferation significantly, but it has no effect on cell apoptosis. Through directly targeting to the 3' untranslated region of glycogen synthase kinase 3-β (GSK3β), miR-3677-3p could inhibit GSK3β expression. Our study revealed that the miR-3677-3p/GSK3β axis may play a crucial role in HCC and miR-3677-3p may serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker or a therapeutic target for HCC.
维甲酸和维甲酸受体信号传导在自身免疫病的研究进展

目前认为自身免疫病的发病机制主要涉及辅助性T细胞(Th)17和调节性T细胞的平衡受损。维甲酸(RA)是维生素A的活性代谢产物,并通过与其受体结合来发挥生物学效应。维甲酸与维甲酸受体(RAR)结合后,可调控多个核外活化级联,参与影响细胞周期的不同激酶的调控和对正常免疫细胞的功能分化,尤其可调控Th17和调节性T细胞的分化,并可在炎症条件下维持调节性T细胞的功能和稳定性,促进Th17/调节性T细胞的平衡,减轻炎症反应。本文将对维甲酸和维甲酸受体的信号传导在自身免疫病中的研究进展进行综述。
产前诊断胎儿颈项透明层增厚伴新发t(11;12)(q14;q24)一例

NT增厚与胎儿新发染色体平衡易位的关系尚未见报道,然而有研究显示在已知平衡易位的父母中,妊娠11~14周检测到胎儿NT增厚与不平衡易位、结构异常和妊娠结局差有关。本文胎儿是否存在t(11;12)染色体不平衡需进一步检查。CMA结果未发现11和12号染色体不平衡的情况,仅见2号染色体q13区域微缺失,该微缺失来源于其父亲,且未表现出任何临床症状,提示该片段缺失可能不全有明显临床意义。NT增厚与胎儿染色体异常发生率相关,但并不代表胎儿一定异常,一旦排除染色体异常和明显的结构异常,NT增厚80%~90%的胎儿预后良好。本例胎儿NT值5.6 mm伴新发染色体异常,但出生表型未见异常,为将来可能的临床遗传咨询提供病例支持,但是NT增厚与染色体异常的关系仍需更多的病例观察和理论研究。
Smart Meter Development for Cloud-Based Home Electricity Monitor System

A cloud-based home electricity data-monitoring system, which is based on an Arduino Mega controller, is proposed for monitoring the electricity consumption (electrical power) and power quality (PQ) in home. This system is also capable of monitoring the fundamental frequency and supply-voltage transients to ensure that the appliances operate in a safe operation range. The measured data (voltage and current) are transmitted through a WiFi device between the Arduino controller and server. The transmission control protocol (TCP) server is set up to acquire the high-data transmission rate. The server system immediately displays the calculated parameters and the waveform of the acquired signal. A comparison with a standard measurement device shows that the proposed system, which can be built at a low cost, exhibits the same functions as a factory product.
Comparative Study of 10-MW High-Temperature Superconductor Wind Generator with Overlapped Field Coil Arrangement

The electromagnetic characteristics and iron loss of a high-temperature superconductor wind generator (HWG) equipped with an overlapped field coil arrangement (OFCA) are studied by comparing with the one equipped with the conventional field coil arrangement (CFCA). Through a quantitative analysis, it was found that HWG with OFCA exhibits better electromagnetic characteristics than HWG with CFCA and can reduce the iron loss by eliminating the magnetic flux sag caused by the adjacent field coil sides with the same current flow direction. In addition, the OFCA topology can further reduce the volume of the wind generator.
Atom table convolutional neural networks for an accurate prediction of compounds properties

Machine learning techniques are widely used in materials science. However, most of the machine learning models require a lot of prior knowledge to manually construct feature vectors. Here, we develop an atom table convolutional neural networks that only requires the component information to directly learn the experimental properties from the features constructed by itself. For band gap and formation energy prediction, the accuracy of our model exceeds the standard DFT calculations. Besides, through dataenhanced technology, our model not only accurately predicts superconducting transition temperatures, but also distinguishes superconductors and non-superconductors. Utilizing the trained model, we have screened 20 compounds that are potential superconductors with high superconducting transition temperature from the existing database. In addition, from the learned features, we extract the properties of the elements and reproduce the chemical trends. This framework is valuable for high throughput screening and helpful to understand the underlying physics.
Research on Torque Ripple Under Healthy and Open-Circuit Fault-Tolerant Conditions in a PM Multiphase Machine

In this paper, research into torque ripple production has been undertaken for both the healthy and open-circuit faulttolerant conditions of a five-phase permanent magnet(PM) machine by using the instantaneous power(I-Power) approach. When only the fundamental component of the phase currents is applied to the phase windings, it has been shown that the 9th and 11th harmonics of the back-electromotive force(back-EMF) causes torque ripples in a five-phase PM machine and its frequency is ten times the frequency of the fundamental phase currents. When the combined fundamental and third harmonic components of the phase currents are applied to the phase windings, it has been shown that the 7th and 13th harmonic of the back-electromotive force(back-EMF) causes additional torque ripples in a five-phase PM machine .These torque ripples under fault-tolerant conditions have been analyzed analytically, as well. It has been proven that there are interactions between the fundamental component of current and the third harmonic component of the back-EMF and vice versa. These interactions cause torque ripples. A finite element analysis(FEA) model of the five-phase PM machine has been done to validate the analytical results.
A Discrete State Event Driven Simulation based Losses Analysis for Multi-terminal Megawatt Power Electronic Transformer

At present, power electronic transformers(PETs) have been widely used in power systems. With the increase of PET capacity to the megawatt level. the problem of increased losses need to be taken seriously. As an important indicator of power electronic device designing, losses have always been the focus of attention. At present, the losses are generally measured through experiments, but it takes a lot of time and is difficult to quantitatively analyze the internal distribution of PET losses. To solve the above problems, this article first qualitatively analyzes the losses of power electronic devices and proposes a loss calculation method based on pure simulation. This method uses the Discrete State Event Driven(DSED) modeling method to solve the problem of slow simulation speed of large-capacity power electronic devices and uses a loss calculation method that considers the operating conditions of the device to improve the calculation accuracy. For the PET prototype in this article, a losses model of the PET is established. The comparison of experimental and simulation results verifies the feasibility of the losses model. Then the losses composition of PET was analyzed to provide reference opinions for actual operation. It can help pre-analyze the losses distribution of PET, thereby providing a potential method for improving system efficiency.
On-Line Fault Diagnosis and Fault-Tolerant Operation of Modular Multilevel Converters -A Comprehensive Review

Modular multilevel converters(MMCs) have been one of the most broadly used multilevel converter topologies in industrial applications, particularly in medium-voltage motor drives and high-voltage dc power conversion systems. However, due to the utilization of large amount of semiconductor devices, the reliability of MMCs becomes one of the severe challenges constraining their further development and applications. In this paper, common electrical faults of the MMC have been summarized and analyzed, including open-circuit switching faults, short-circuit switching faults, dc-bus short-circuit faults, and single line-to-ground faults on the ac side. A thorough and comprehensive review of the existing online fault diagnostic methods has been conducted. In addition, fault-tolerant operation strategies for such various fault scenarios in MMCs have been presented. All the fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant operation strategies are comparatively evaluated, which aims to provide a state-of-the-art reference on the MMC reliability for future research and industrial applications.
Smart Transformer/Large Flexible Transformer

Solid-state transformer-based smart transformer(ST) can provide the dc connectivity and advanced services to improve the grid performance and to increase the penetration of the power electronics interfaced resources(e.g., distributed generators and electric vehicle charging stations) in modern electricity distribution grids. Since the ST is a new and effective paradigm of the electricity grid evolution to well understand the ST, this paper systematically presents the basic architecture and the typical control schemes of the ST and then the advanced services that ST can provide to improve the electricity grids performances in terms of the power flow control, power quality improvement, active damping and active contribution to improve distribution grid resilience by means of enabling autonomous microgrids operation as well as launching a restoration procedure following a general blackout.
Arm Voltage Balancing Control of Modular Multilevel Resonant Converter

Modular multilevel resonant converter is an promising candidate for high voltage applications since it has advantageous features, such as high efficiency, high voltage capability and easy fault-tolerant operation. However, the inequality of arm inductance in practice will lead to imbalance between the upper and lower arm voltages, which will induce large ripples in the circulating current and a dc bias on the voltage generated by modular circuits. To compensate for the voltage imbalance, effects of arm duty cycle changes on arm voltages are discussed. An arm voltage balancing control method is proposed: adjust arm duty cycle according to arm voltage deviation in every switching cycle. Simulation and experimental results are presented to validate the theoretical analysis and the proposed control method.
Assessment of drought hazard, vulnerability and risk in Iran using GIS techniques

The drought has enormous adverse effects on agriculture, water resources and environment, and causes damages around the world. Drought risk assessment and prioritization of drought management can help decision makers and planners to manage the adverse effects of drought. This paper aims to determine the risk of drought in Iran. At the first stage, standardized precipitation index (SPI) was calculated for the period 1981–2016. Then the probability map of different drought classes or drought hazard probability map were prepared. After that the indicator-based vulnerability assessment method was used to determine the drought vulnerability index. Five indices including climate, topography, waterway density, land use and groundwater resources were chosen as the most critical factors of drought in Iran and followed by the analytical hierarchy process questionnaire, the weights of each index were obtained based on expert opinions. Fuzzy membership maps of each index and sub-index were prepared using ArcGIS software. The drought vulnerability map of Iran was plotted using these weights and maps of each indicator. Finally, the drought risk map of Iran was provided by multiplying drought hazard and vulnerability maps. According to the 43-completed questionnaires by experts, climate index has the highest vulnerability to drought. Climate does not have an important role in drought hazard index, but it is the most crucial factor to classified drought vulnerability index. The results showed that central, northeast, southeast and west parts of Iran are at high risks of drought. There are regions with different risks in Iran due to unusual weather and climatic conditions. We realized that the climate and the groundwater situation is almost the same in the central, east and south parts of Iran, because the land use plays a crucial role in the drought vulnerability and risk in these areas. The drought risk decreases from the center of Iran to the southwest and northwest.
The nodulation and nyctinastic leaf movement is orchestrated by clock gene LHY in Medicago truncatula

As sessile organisms, plants perceive, respond,and adapt to the environmental changes for optimal growth and survival. The plant growth and fitness are enhanced by circadian clocks through coordination of numerous biological events. In legume species,nitrogen-fixing root nodules were developed as the plant organs specialized for symbiotic transfer of nitrogen between microsymbiont and host. Here, we report that the endogenous circadian rhythm in nodules is regulated by MtLHY in legume species Medicago truncatula. Loss of function of MtLHY leads to a reduction in the number of nodules formed,resulting in a diminished ability to assimilate nitrogen. The operation of the 24-h rhythm in shoot is further influenced by the availability of nitrogen produced by the nodules, leading to the irregulated nyctinastic leaf movement and reduced biomass in mtlhy mutants. These data shed new light on the roles of MtLHY in the orchestration of circadian oscillator in nodules and shoots, which provides a mechanistic link between nodulation, nitrogen assimilation, and clock function.
我国公共卫生事件研究进展的CiteSpace知识图谱分析

对我国公共卫生事件的研究进展进行总体调查和脉络分析,以期为我国公共卫生事件的科学研究和实践活动开展提供一定的参考,对CNKI数据库中1997-2019年的核心文献进行系统检索,进行公共卫生事件研究进展的CiteSpace知识图谱分析。结果显示,文献年度趋势分为缓慢增长-波动变化-缓慢下降三个阶段;吴群红、郝艳华、宁宁、孙梅和郝模是最主要作者;哈尔滨医科大学、中国疾病预防控制中心、北京大学、复旦大学是最主要机构;突发公共卫生事件、公共卫生、突发事件、传染病是最主要关键词; SARS、学生保健服务、生活变动事件、流行病学和学生是最主要热点词。建议将研究重点向公共卫生事件处置体制机制常态化、主动化、综合化领域倾斜,促进大样本公共卫生体系实证研究的发展,重视老年人等脆弱人群应对公共卫生事件的特殊性。