mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of triple-antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention: a meta-analysis

Background The combination of cilostazol, aspirin and clopidogrel (triple antiplatelet therapy, TAT) after a percutaneous coronary intervention has been used as an alternative therapy. We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TAT for patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods We systematically searched Pubmed, Embase and Web of Science databases to identify all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared dual antiplatelet therapy (DAT) with and without cilostazol after PCI. All analyses were conducted using Review Manager 5.0. Results The final analysis consisted of 4474 patients from ten studies. The combined results suggested that there was a lower risk of cardiac death (relative risk (RR)=0.55, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.31–0.98, P <0.05) and major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) (RR=0.63, 95% CI: 0.54–0.74, P <0.05) in patients treated with TAT as compared to those with DAT follow-ups after six months to one year; no significant difference was observed in bleeding and non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI) (RR=1.14, 95% CI: 0.80–1.64, P >0.05;RR=0.87, 95% CI: 0.42–1.83, P >0.05). However, the rate of adverse drug reaction was higher in patients receiving TAT than in patients receiving DAT (RR=2.21, 95% CI: 1.84–2.66, P <0.05). Moreover, there was a lower risk of stent thrombosis in patients treated with TAT as compared to those treated with DAT (RR=0.44, 95% CI: 0.21–0.94, P <0.05). The TAT group had a reduced risk of target lesion revascularization (TLR) (RR=0.60, 95% CI: 0.43–0.82, P=0.001) and target vessel revascularization (TVR) than the DAT group (RR=0.56, 95% CI: 0.45–0.71, P <0.05). The number of MACEs was lower for patients in the TAT group than in the DAT group with diabetes mellitus sub-analysis (RR=0.41, 95% CI: 0.28–0.61, P <0.05). But no significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding MACEs in patients with drug-eluting stent implantations (RR=0.82, 95% CI: 0.65–1.03, P >0.05). Conclusion TAT could significantly reduce the rates of MACEs and cardiac death in comparison to DAT, but more attention should be paid to adverse side effects of the drugs.
Changes in main causes of death in Macao residents from 1986–2006

Background Since Macao's return of sovereignty to China in December 1999, the life style of Macao residents has changed. The aim of this study was to investigate changes of death patterns in Macao residents from 1986 to 2006 in order to identify the trends and patterns of major public health problems, which could provide the guidance for developing public health policies. Methods A retrospective study was conducted for this investigation. Research data were collected from official websites and statistical yearbooks and classified by the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9. Results It was observed that mortality from the three major causes of (1) infectious, maternal and childhood diseases, (2) chronic non-communicable diseases, and (3) injury and poisoning were 17.7, 298.2 and 26.0 per 100 000, respectively. The largest decrease in death rate over the 21-year study-period was from infectious, maternal and childhood diseases (62.5%). The highest mortality rate was ischemic heart diseases (37.0%). The largest increase in mortality rate was lung cancer (46.9%). Conclusions Mortality rate of Macao residents progressively decreased, but the constituent ratio of death from chronic non-communicable diseases was increasing. The mortality rate of lung cancer was clearly ascending, so emphasis should be put on tertiary prevention in future.
实验动物空腔脏器耐压力学测试系统

研制耐压力学测试系统,用以不同药物或手术方式对结肠、直肠吻合口愈合影响的实验中,测量吻合口耐压力学指标。该测试系统由双通管、三通管、加压模块和压力检测记录模块等组成,通过对本装置的操作,实现耐压检测中压力的实时检测、记录和显示。利用10只小鼠进行对比实验,共取有40段2 cm长肠管和20段2 cm长下腔静脉血管,进行耐压实验,对比吻合口破裂时压力表读数和本耐压力学测试系统的测试值,以验证系统性能。结果显示,两者的测量值具有良好的吻合度,并且测压系统所测得数据具有较小的变异系数。与以往使用压力表的测试方式相比,实验过程更为简单,观测更加直观,实验结果更为可靠。本测试系统结构简单,可优化实验流程,可应用于肠管、血管、皮肤等组织的耐压力学测试。
UHPLC-MSMS测定环境水中的联苯胺

建立了一种使用超高效液相色谱仪和三重四极杆质谱仪联用(UHPLE-MSMS)测定环境水中联苯胺的方法.该方法为直接进样法,样品经0.22μm滤膜过滤后直接进行定量分析.对联苯胺的线性、仪器精密度、方法检出限(MDL)、定量限(LOQ)和加标回收率进行验证.联苯胺的线性良好,相关系数为0.9999;0.5μg.L~(-1)、2μg.L~(-1)和10μg.L~(-1)标准溶液重复6份测试结果显示,其峰面积和保留时间的相对标准偏差分别在0.10%—0.17%和1.01%—4.87%之间,仪器精密度良好;MDL为0.08μg.L~(-1);LOQ为0.31μg.L~(-1);加标回收率为89.9%—103.8%.
乌鲁木齐市采暖期大气PM_(2.5-10)、PM_(2.5)中重金属和多环芳烃的分布及其相关性

目前国内对可吸入颗粒物中多环芳烃(PAHs)的研究很多,不少城市(如上海、北京、广州等)对PAHs的时空分布特征及其来源进行分析.虽然,乌鲁木齐市可吸入颗粒物中重金属的浓度及粒径分布已作研究,但有关PAHs的分布特征及可吸入颗粒物中PAHs与重金属的相关性报道则鲜见.
7株肺炎克雷伯菌9种看家基因分子进化分析、多位点序列分型与基因组系统学研究初步报道

我们对1株β-内酰胺类、氨基糖苷类与喹诺酮类药物均耐药的肺炎克雷伯菌(JM45株)进行了全基因组测序(完成图)。美国国立生物信息中心NCBI已收录了6株肺炎克雷伯菌的全基因组序列(截止日2012年10月20日)。为了解该7株肺炎克雷伯菌的亲缘关系,我们对7株肺炎克雷伯菌的9种看家基因进行了单个基因的分子进化分析,将该9个基因序列串联作多位点序列(MLST)分型。并将7株肺炎克雷伯菌的全基因组序列作基因组系统学(Phylogenomics)分析。
肝脏胚胎性肉瘤长期存活二例

讨论肝脏胚胎肉瘤(undifferentiatedembryonicliversarcoma,UELS)又称肝未分化肉瘤,是一种罕见的肝脏肿瘤类型,具有高度异型性和侵袭性,多发于儿童。该病预后差,多死于肝功能衰竭,预计存活时间一般仅为2~3年,长期存活十分困难。现有文献报道,1年、2年生存率分别为61%和55%,最长存活超过20年。我科连续2例小儿肝胚胎肉瘤患儿经手术及辅助化疗均存活超过3年。
Evapotranspiration estimation methods in hydrological models

Actual evapotranspiration is a key process of hydrological cycle and a sole term that links land surface water balance and land surface energy balance. Evapotranspiration plays a key role in simulating hydrological effect of climate change, and a review of evapotranspiration estimation methods in hydrological models is of vital importance. This paper firstly summarizes the evapotranspiration estimation methods applied in hydrological models and then classifies them into the integrated converting methods and the classification gathering methods by their mechanism. Integrated converting methods are usually used in hydrological models and two differences exist among them:one is in the potential evaporation estimation methods, while the other in the function for defining relationship between potential evaporation and actual evapotranspiration. Due to the higher information requirements of the Penman-Monteith method and the existing data uncertainty, simplified empirical methods for calculating potential and actual evapotranspiration are widely used in hydrological models. Different evapotranspiration calculation methods are used depending on the complexity of the hydrological model, and importance and difficulty in the selection of the most suitable evapotranspiration methods is discussed. Finally, this paper points out the prospective development trends of the evapotranspiration estimating methods in hydrological modeling.
Estimating the spatial distribution of organic carbon density for the soils of Ohio,USA

Historical database of National Soil Survey Center containing 1424 geo-referenced soil profiles was used in this study for estimating the organic carbon (SOC) for the soils of Ohio, USA. Specific objective of the study was to estimate the spatial distribution of SOC density (C stock per unit area) to 1.0-m depth for soils of Ohio using geographically weighted regression (GWR), and compare the results with that obtained from multiple linear regression (MLR). About 80% of the analytical data were used for calibration and 20% for validation. A total of 20 variables including terrain attributes, climate data, bedrock geology, and land use data were used for mapping the SOC density. Results showed that the GWR provided better estimations with the lowest (3.81 kg m~(-2)) root mean square error (RMSE) than MLR approach. Total estimated SOC pool for soils in Ohio ranged from 727 to 742 Tg. This study demonstrates that, the local spatial statistical technique, the GWR can perform better in capturing the spatial distribution of SOC across the study region as compared to other global spatial statistical techniques such as MLR. Thus, GWR enhances the accuracy for mapping SOC density.
China's economic development stage and its spatiotemporal evolution: A prefectural-level analysis

As important mechanisms of regional strategy and policy, prefecture-level regions have played an increasingly significant role in the development of China's economy. However, little research has grasped the essence of the economic development stage and the spatio-temporal evolution process at the prefecture level; this may lead to biased policies and their ineffective implementations. Based on Chenery's economic development theory, this paper identifies China's economic development stages at both national and prefectural levels. Both the Global Moran I index and the Getis-Ord Gi* index are employed to investigate the spatio-temporal evolution of China's economic development from 1990 to 2010. Major conclusions can be drawn as follows. (1) China's economic development is generally in the state of agglomeration. It entered the Primary Production Stage in 1990, and the Middle Industrialized Stage in 2010, with a 'balanced-unbalanced-gradually rebalanced' pattern in the process. (2) China's rapid economic growth experienced a spatial shift from the coastal areas to the the inland areas. Most advanced cities in mid-western China can be roughly categorized into regional hub cities and resource-dependent cities. (3) Hot spots in China's economy moved northward and westward. The interactions between cities and prefectures became weaker in Eastern China, while cities and prefectures in Central and Western China were still at the stage of individual development, with limited effect on the surrounding cities. (4) While the overall growth rate of China's economy has gradually slowed down during the past two decades, the growth rate of cities and prefectures in Central and Western China was much faster than those in coastal areas. (5) Areas rich in resources, such as Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia, have become the new hot spots of economic growth in recent years. For these regions, however, more attention needs to be paid to their unbalanced industrial structures and the lagging social development against the backdrop of the rapid economic growth, driven predominantly by the exploitation of resources.
Nebkha(coppice dune) formation and significance to environmental change reconstructions in arid and semiarid areas

Environments in arid and semiarid regions are extremely sensitive to climate changes. High wind activity in these regions has resulted in an extensively developed arid geomorphology, but past environmental changes are poorly understood because of the absence of relatively high-resolution proxies. The accumulation characteristics of nebkhas, which have developed extensively in these regions, can be used as a method of reconstructing environmental changes. Here we summarized recent advances in research on the formation, development, and sediment characteristics of nebkhas and their significance to environmental changes in arid and semiarid regions. Based on the studies of our colleagues, we suggested that research on nebkha formation can provide distinct clues about environmental changes in arid and semiarid regions; however, continued studies are needed.
Spatio-temporal dynamics of vegetation coverage and its relationship with climate factors in Inner Mongolia,China

The vegetation coverage dynamics and its relationship with climate factors on different spatial and temporal scales in Inner Mongolia during 2001-2010 were analyzed based on MODIS-NDVI data and climate data. The results indicated that vegetation coverage in Inner Mongolia showed obvious longitudinal zonality, increasing from west to east across the region with a change rate of 0.2/10°N. During 2001-2010, the mean vegetation coverage was 0.57, 0.4 and 0.16 in forest, grassland and desert biome, respectively, exhibiting evident spatial heterogeneities. Totally, vegetation coverage had a slight increasing trend during the study period. Across Inner Mongolia, the area of which the vegetation coverage showed extremely significant and significant increase accounted for 11.25% and 29.13% of the area of whole region, respectively, while the area of which the vegetation coverage showed extremely significant and significant decrease accounted for 7.65% and 26. 61%, respectively. On inter-annual time scale, precipitation was the dominant driving force of vegetation coverage for the whole region. On inter-monthly scale, the change of vegetation coverage was consistent with both the change of temperature and precipitation, implying that the vegetation growth within a year is more sensitive to the combined effects of water and heat rather than either single climate factor. The vegetation coverage in forest biome was mainly driven by temperature on both inter-annual and inter-monthly scales, while that in desert biome was mainly influenced by precipitation on both the two temporal scales. In grassland biome, the yearly vegetation coverage had a better correlation with precipitation, while the monthly vegetation coverage was influenced by both temperature and precipitation. In grassland biome, the impacts of precipitation on monthly vegetation coverage showed time-delay effects.
Vegetation distribution pattern along altitudinal gradient in subtropical mountainous and hilly river basin,China

Knowledge of vegetation distribution patterns is very important. Their relationships with topography and climate were explored through a geographically weighted regression (GWR) framework in a subtropical mountainous and hilly region, Minjiang River Basin of Fujian in China. The HJ-1 satellite image acquired on December 9, 2010 was utilized and NDVI index was calculated representing the range of vegetation greenness. Proper analysis units were achieved through segregation based on small sub-basins and altitudinal bands. Results indicated that the GWR model was more powerful than ordinary linear least square (OLS) regression in interpreting vegetation-environmental relationship, indicated by higher adjusted R 2 and lower Akaike information criterion values. On one side, the OLS analysis revealed dominant positive influence from parameters of elevation and slope on vegetation distribution. On the other side, GWR analysis indicated that spatially, the parameters of topography had a very complex relationship with the vegetation distribution, as results of the various combinations of environmental factors, vegetation composition and also anthropogenic impact. The influences of elevation and slope generally decreased, from strongly positive to nearly zero, with increasing altitude and slope. Specially, most rapid changes of coefficients between NDVI and elevation or slope were observed in relatively flat and low-lying areas. This paper confirmed that the non-stationary analysis through the framework of GWR could lead to a better understanding of vegetation distribution in subtropical mountainous and hilly region. It was hoped that the proposed scale selection method combined with GWR framework would provide some guidelines on dealing with both spatial (horizontal) and altitudinal (vertical) non-stationarity in the dataset, and it could easily be applied in characterizing vegetation distribution patterns in other mountainous and hilly river basins and related research.
城市不透水表面颗粒物上总磷和重金属的解析特征

在北京市中心区域选取一处屋顶和两处道路采集了表面颗粒物的样品,分别采用干筛和湿筛两种方法筛分了采集到的颗粒物样品并测定了样品各个粒径区间的重金属浓度.结果表明,道路地表颗粒物的最大的质量分数来自125~300μm粒径区间的颗粒物,而屋顶颗粒物的粒径相对较小,40~74μm区间的颗粒物占了75%的质量分数.屋顶颗粒物中总磷和重金属的浓度都高于道路表面颗粒物.3个采样点采集到的表面颗粒物上6种重金属的浓度高低顺序相似,均呈现Zn最高,Mn次之,Ni最低的特征.在湿筛结束后,76.9%~91%的总磷以及68.9%~97%的重金属还保留在固态颗粒物中.屋顶颗粒物中颗粒物吸附态重金属浓度随着粒径的增大而增加,但是道路表面颗粒物的这种趋势并不明显.本研究表明在城市径流污染控制中应当更加关注暴雨径流中的颗粒物,去除径流中所携带的颗粒物是提高控制措施效率的关键.
变化环境下河流水量水质联合模拟与评价

变化环境下流域水循环和水资源状况发生了深刻的改变,从而对河流水体水环境产生了显著的影响.根据经济社会发展对水资源的要求,水量与水质越来越成为水资源开发利用的核心制约.从水资源数量与质量双重属性出发,阐述了水量水质联合评价与模拟的研究进展与存在的不足,进一步指出了传统评价单一水体质量的方法已经不适用于现代环境下水资源管理的需求,并立足河网水流与污染物迁移转化过程,开发了适用于河流水环境系统的河网与湖库水动力-水质耦合的数值模型,通过验证结果表明,模型计算的模拟值与实测值误差较小,满足应用的要求,实现了河流水环境系统水量与水质的联合动态模拟.在此基础上,完成了联合模拟模型在滦河流域的应用.
双堑沟平底结构在西石门铁矿残矿回采中的应用

西石门铁矿已经逐步进入深部开采,随着采深的增大,厚大矿体所剩无几。当前无底柱分段崩落法端部出矿的采场结构与矿山生产现状很不适应,不仅落入空场的矿量放不出来,而且布置在矽卡岩层里的进路也难以维护,导致生产可靠性差与矿石损失大。基于矿体条件与回釆工艺,分析双堑沟平底出矿方案的适用条件,研究堑沟与出矿巷道的组合形式,提出双堑沟平底出矿方案的改进措施,使西石门各类残矿得到有效开采,矿山生产能力得到显著提高,釆场安全条件得到明显改善。
Al-0.8Mg-0.66Si-0.3Cu合金固溶时效特性

通过力学性能测试及组织观察,系统研究热处理工艺参数及方式对Al-0.8Mg-0.66Si-0.3Cu合金组织及性能的影响。结果表明,随着时效时间的增加,合金的硬度值先增大,达到峰值后合金进入过时效阶段,硬度值逐渐减小。在200高温时效时,有双峰现象出现,这主要是与θ'相的析出有关。合金较适宜的固溶一时效制度为520℃x50min固溶水淬、200℃xlh时效。通过三种强化工艺结果比较可知,合金经固溶时效、冷轧后二次时效后获得最佳的室温力学性能,即硬度、抗拉强度和延伸率分别为106HB,392MPa和11.60%。
湖泊富营养化及其生态系统响应

我国是一个多湖泊的国家.其中约三分之一是淡水湖泊,主要分布在长江中下游地区.这些湖泊中的绝大部分已处于中营养或富营养水平.湖泊富营养化是当前我国湖泊面临的主要生态环境问题之一.湖泊富营养化后会导致一系列的生态系统异常响应.这些响应包括沉水植物消亡、蓝藻水华频发、微生物的生物量与生产力增加,生物多样性下降,营养盐的循环与利用效率加快等.整个湖泊生态系统,也会伴随着富营养化的发展,呈现出生物多样性下降、生物群落结构趋于单一、生态系统趋于不稳定的现象.在浅水湖泊中,还会进一步导致从"清水态"的草型生态系统,逐步转换为"浑水态"的藻型生态系统.生态系统的这种演替机制,推测是水生植物与浮游植物利用营养盐的效率不同所致.而对于严重富营养化的湖泊,生态系统最终的演替趋势则是从浮游植物为主的自养型湖泊转化为以微生物、原生动物等为主的异养型湖泊.
百草枯中毒预后不良因素研究进展

百草枯(parqauat,PQ)是目前广泛使用除草剂,其中毒较多见,致死量小,无特效解毒剂。对其治疗仍处于探索阶段,因此,了解其预后相关因素可对临床决策提供帮助。目前,国内外对其中毒预后因素研究虽多但较为分散,现将近几年相关文献作一综述。
阿司匹林片联合氯比格雷片对急性脑梗死进展的影响

目的探讨阿司匹林片联合氯比格雷片对急性脑梗死进展性的影响。方法将62例符合条件的患者随机分为2组,治疗组30例在常规治疗的基础上加用阿司匹林片和氯吡格雷片,对照组32例在常规治疗的基础上加用阿司匹林片。入院时第1、3、7天对所有患者进行美国国立卫生院卒中评分量表(NIHSS)评分和临床疗效评价。结果治疗组符合急性脑梗死病情进展标准的患者有6例,对照组符合急性脑梗死病情进展标准的患者有17例。治疗后,治疗组患者NIHSS评分较对照组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组总有效率53.33%,对照组总有效率28.13%,治疗组患者疗效较对照组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论阿司匹林片联合氯吡格雷片在治疗大动脉粥样硬化型脑梗死急性期效果优于单用阿司匹林肠溶片,可能延缓病情的进展。
负压封闭引流技术在急性大面积软组织损伤中的应用

目的探讨负压封闭引流(VSD)技术治疗急性大面积软组织损伤的作用机制和效果。方法2007年7月至2012年5月采用VSD技术结合植皮或皮瓣移植修复67例各种急性大面积软组织损伤患者,男41例,女26例;年龄19~ 78岁,平均33.5岁。创伤部位:肘及前臂16例,手腕部28例,腹壁腹股沟部4例,大腿10例,小腿9例。皮肤软组织缺损范围为12 cm×10 cm ~50 cm×30 cm,合并各种骨折29例,骨外露18例,肌腱外露24例,血管外露11例。一期清创+骨折固定+VSD技术治疗17例,二次扩创+VSD技术治疗50例。VSD装置一般保留1周。对于24例伴有骨外露、肌腱、神经、血管外露的患者,行腹股沟轴型皮瓣移植16例,腹部皮肤包埋4例,带血管游离皮瓣移植2例,胸-脐联合皮瓣修复2例。结果67例患者创面全部获愈合,住院时间为15~58 d,平均31.7d。邮票状植皮愈合31例,中厚皮片植皮愈合12例;24例伴有骨外露、肌腱、神经、血管外露患者经皮瓣移植创面均获得修复,无创面溃烂不愈合者。63例患者术后获3 ~ 12个月(平均5.7个月)随访,创面愈合,均无再次感染、窦道形成,外观满意,功能恢复良好。结论急性大面积软组织损伤经严格、彻底清创后使用VSD技术可以促进创面肉芽组织快速生长,减少创面污染和感染,再及时行植皮或皮瓣修复创面可以获得良好疗效。
Citrin蛋白缺陷所致新生儿肝内胆汁淤积症胆汁成分分析

目的分析Citrin蛋白缺陷所致新生儿肝内胆汁淤积症(NICCD)患儿的胆汁成分,探讨NICCD患儿肝内胆汁淤积的胆汁成分变化.方法2010年3月至2012年10月应用婴儿十二指肠引流管收集武汉华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院儿童感染消化科经SLC25A13基因突变诊断的12例NICCD患儿胆汁,采用德国罗氏MODULAR生化检测仪定量检测胆汁中总胆红素、直接胆红素、总胆汁酸、胆固醇值,以8例无肝胆疾病婴儿胆汁成分作为对照组进行分析.结果12例NICCD患儿胆汁中总胆红素、直接胆红素、总胆汁酸、胆固醇值显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05).结论NICCD患儿肝脏分泌和排泄胆红素、胆汁酸、胆固醇功能下降,其严重程度与肝功能损伤程度一致.
体外受精-胚胎移植中卵巢低反应诊治进展

影响体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)临床结局的因素是目前该领域关注的难点之一。1983年Garcia等首先提出卵巢低反应(poor ovarian re-sponse, POR)的概念。主要表现为卵巢刺激周期发育的卵泡数量少、人绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)日血雌二醇(E_2)峰值低、促性腺激素(Gn)用量多、周期取消率高、获卵数少和很低的临床妊娠率。在IVF-ET超促排卵周期中,POR发生率报道为9% ~ 24%,并且呈逐渐上升趋势。近年来辅助生殖技术快速发展,但卵巢低反应者临床妊娠率仍仅为10% ~ 20%。评估和处理IVF-ET周期中卵巢低反应是目前临床中最具挑战性的问题之一,倍受关注。本文就卵巢低反应的预测、诊断和治疗做一综述。
细胞色素P450 19A1基因与多囊卵巢综合征和子宫内膜癌相关性研究进展

细胞色素P450芳香化酶(aromatase cytochrome P450, P450 arom)是雌激素合成最后一步的限速酶,其编码基因是细胞色素P450 19A1 (cytochrome P450 19A1, CYP 19A1),该基因的变异能使P450 arom蛋白结构和活性发生改变,间接地影响雌激素、雄激素水平。近年来,越来越多的研究发现CYPA1基因与多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome, PCOS)和子宫内膜癌发病均相关。 PCOS患者罹患子宫内膜癌的风险增高,两者关联早就发现,但分子机制尚未阐明。现就CYP19A1基因与这两种甾体激素相关性疾病的研究现状做一综述。
Nonlinear Model Algorithmic Control of a pH Neutralization Process

Control of pH neutralization processes is challenging in the chemical process industry because of their inherent strong nonlinearity. In this paper, the model algorithmic control (MAC) strategy is extended to nonlinear processes using Hammerstein model that consists of a static nonlinear polynomial function followed in series by a linear impulse response dynamic element. A new nonlinear Hammerstein MAC algorithm (named NLH-MAC) is presented in detail. The simulation control results of a pH neutralization process show that NLH-MAC gives better control performance than linear MAC and the commonly used industrial nonlinear propotional plus integral plus derivative (PID) controller. Further simulation experiment demonstrates that NLH-MAC not only gives good control response, but also possesses good stability and robustness even with large modeling errors.
Preparation and Electrochemical Performance of Nano-Co_3O_4 Anode Materials from Spent Li-Ion Batteries for Lithium-Ion Batteries

A hydrometallurgical process for the recovery of cobalt oxalate from spent lithium-ion batteries was used to recycle cobalt compound by using alkali leaching, reductive acid leaching and chemical deposition of cobalt oxalate. The recycled cobalt oxalate was used to synthesize nano-Co_3O_4 anode material by sol-gel method. The samples were characterized by thermal gravity analysis and differential thermal analysis (TGA/DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and charge/discharge measurements. The influence of molar ratio of Co~(2+) to citric acid and calcination temperature on the structure and electrochemical performance of nano-Co_3O_4 was evaluated. As the molar ratio of Co~(2+) to citric acid is 1:1, the face-centered cubic (fcc) Co_3O_4 powder shows the discharge capacity of 760. 9 mA h g~(-1), the high coulombic efficiency of 99. 7%in the first cycle at the current density of 125 mA g~(-1), and the excellent cycling performance with the reversible capacity of 442. 3 mA h g~(-1) after 20 cycles at the current density of 250 mA g~(-1).
在中药新药临床试验中保护女性受试者的若干思考

从女性受试者用药安全的角度,阐述女性不同生理阶段的代谢特点及药物的作用,指出在中药新药临床试验方案设计过程中应特别关注药物对女性受试者不同生理阶段的影响及应对措施,以提高临床试验设计的严谨性和科学性,降低新药研究的风险,充分保证女性受试者的安全。
手术切除联合局部光动力疗法治疗皮肤恶性肿瘤的临床效果

目的评价手术联合局部光动力疗法在皮肤恶性肿瘤治疗中的优势以及对手术方式的改进。方法入选病例包括基底细胞癌32例、鲍温病13例、湿疹样癌8例、鳞癌5例,均行手术切除病灶后辅助局部光动力学治疗。局部光动力疗法采用5-ALA作为光敏剂,在避光条件下将10%的5-ALA乳液均匀涂抹于肿瘤病灶表面,持续敷药4 h。用波长为635 nm的激光照射病灶部位,光照剂量为120 J/cm~2,每一部位照射时间为15 min。手术后辅助光动力学治疗3次,每次治疗间隔2周,治疗后2周复诊,照相,比较治疗前后的皮损,评价治疗效果。术后长期随访,观察肿瘤复发情况。结果手术联合光动力治疗后,所有病例在半年时无一例复发;随访1年时,8例湿疹样癌中5例复发,5例鳞癌中2例复发,其他病例未见复发。 结论局部光动力疗法作为皮肤肿瘤切除术后的辅助治疗,可减少肿瘤病灶的切除范围,在手术难度极大的肿瘤病例治疗中有积极意义,但在降低复发率方面仍有待于进一步探索。
重复应用钩活术治疗脊髓型颈椎病1例

脊髓型颈椎病是最严重的颈椎病类型,其本质是颈椎管狭窄、颈髓受压,临床表现为脊髓损伤,主要为锥体束征,运动及感觉不同程度障碍,严重者出现瘫痪致残。目前骨科主张早期手术治疗以保护脊髓功能。对部分病情较轻或者发病缓慢、 有手术指征但是拒绝开放性手术、保守治疗病情稳定、延误了手术最佳时机、身体或者经济方面原因不能手术的患者,临床上往往缺乏有效的治疗手段。我国河北魏玉锁医师原创了“钩活术”治疗颈腰椎病,临床验证安全有效,2009年通过了中国中医药管理局组织的国家级技术鉴定并纳人“中医药适宜技术推广项目”。笔者2004年开始使用钩活术治疗颈腰椎病,验证了其见效快、损伤小、安全无并发症、费用低、患者易接受等优点。本科1例脊髓型颈椎病伴咀嚼无力患者重复3次钩活术治疗均有效,现报告如下。
Synthesis, Structure, Luminescence and Theoretical Investigations on a New Tin Complex with (2,3-f)-pyrazino(1,10)phenanthroline-2,3-dicarboxylic Acid

A new tin complex Sn(CH_3HPPDA)Cl_4 (1) was prepared from SnCl_4·5H_2O with (2,3-f)-pyrazino(1,10)phenanthroline-2,3-dicarboxylic acid (H_2PPDA) by solvothermal reaction in methanol, and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, optical absorption spectrum and photoluminescence. Compound 1 crystallizes in a monoclinic centrosymmetric space group of P2_1/c with a = 12.418(2), b = 11.9467(12), c = 15.845(3) A, β = 107.948(7)°, V = 2236.2(6) A~3, Z = 4, M_r = 594.78, D_c = 1.767 g/cm~3, μ = 1.651 mm~(?1), F(000) = 1160, S = 1.023 and T = 293(2) K. The final R = 0.0847 and wR = 0.2431 for 3144 observed reflections with I > 2σ(I). The discrete mononuclear Sn(CH_3HPPDA)Cl_4 complex is connected into a supramolecular network of 1 by intramolecular and intermolecular C-H···Cl and intermolecular C-H···O hydrogen bonding interactions. Compound 1 displays fluorescence with a lifetime value of about 7.58 ns in the visible region under visible-light excitation, and the origin of the luminescent emission is primarily assigned to the combination of intraligand charge-transfer of CH_3HPPDA and Cl~?-to-CH_3HPPDA charge-transfer mechanism which is probed by the density of states (DOS) calculations.
安徽省皖南烟区灌溉水体和肥料重金属含量研究

采集了安徽省皖南烟区(宣城市和池州市)用于烟田的20个灌溉水和7类肥料样品,分析了其重金属As、Hg、Cd、Cr、Pb的全量,并与国家相应标准中的限量进行了对比,结果表明:皖南烟区烟田的灌溉水体和肥料的重金属含量均低于国家相应标准中的限量,但池州市个别肥料中Pb和Cr含量偏高,需注意严把肥料生产的原料关。