mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Au~+-cetyltrimethylammonium bromide solution: A novel precursor for seed-mediated growth of gold nanoparticles in aqueous solution

The appropriate choice of chemical composition of a metallic precursor, which produces the basic structure units in the growth process of nanocrystals, is a high priority in the synthesis of metal—especially Au—nanoparticles. In the present work, Au seeds (prepared by the reduction of Au~(3+) solution with NaBH_4 in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)) have been used to initiate the growth of Au nanoparticles from two different Au precursors. When an aqueous Au+ solution prepared in the presence of CTAB micelles was treated with ascorbic acid in the presence of the gold seeds, a high yield (up to 92%) of gold nanoparticles was obtained. By varying the volume of the seed solution with a fixed amount of Au~+, we can effectively control the morphological transformation of the resulting Au nanoparticles from cubes to octahedra. When an aqueous Au~(3+) solution was prepared in the presence of CTAB micelles and treated with ascorbic acid in the presence of the gold seeds, smaller yields of Au nanoparticles were obtained. A preliminary growth mechanism has been proposed based on the changes induced by varying the amount of ascorbic acid and the ratio of the concentration of Au+ to the number of seeds.
Numerical Studies of Turbulent Flows in Channels with Abrupt Cross-sectional! Changes

The turbulent flows through the channels with abrupt cross-sectional ch!nges are common and important physical process in nature. For a better prediction of the mean flow and turbulent characteristics for this problem, a two-dimensional depth-averaged numerical model is developed. The model is robust: and accurate in reproducing the recirculation flow behind a groyne and turbulent flows in channels with abrupt cross-sectional changes, when com pared to the available experimental data of mean velocities and turbulence kinetic energy. Our results reveal that the abrupt cross-sectional change of a channel can affect the flow pattern significantly and introduces the complex turbu- lence characteristics. In particular, when the channel has an abrupt expansion, the mean flow pattern is mainly in lon- gitudinal direction with rather small transverse component. Meanwhile, a recirculating region forms behind the expan- sion position and the turbulence has very strong intensity within this regiorL For the flow in the channel with an ab- rupt contraction, the Iongitudinal component of the flow is decreased by the obstruction on one side and accelerated on the other side,whereas the transverse velocity is small. The turbulence is extraordinarily strong in the regions adja- cent to the contraction wall in the narrow channel. In both cases of abrupt cross-sectional changes, the TKE is genera- ted dominantly by the shear of the longitudinal velocities.
Development and Application of a Shaft-type Tubular Pumping System with a Siphon Discharge Passage

Based on the characteristics of large flow rate, low head, short annual operation time, and high reliability of the city flood-control pumping stations,a new-type shaft tubular pumping system featuring a shaft suction box and a siphon-type discharge passage with a vacuum breaker as the cutoff device was developed, which possesses such advantages as simple structure, reliable cutoff, and high energy performance. Taking some pumping stations as the case studies, in the light of the specified operation conditions, the hydraulic optimal design of the shaft-type tubular pumping system was determined and the optimized shape of the system was recommended. The performance prediction based on the computational fluid dynamics methodology was determined and the model test verification was conducted. The results show that the predicted data agree with the experimental head and efficiency so that both methods can be used to determine the performance of a real pumping station. Finally, the in-situ measurements of a pumping station during the commissioning period further verified that the shaft-type tubular pumping station with a siphon discharge passage is of higher efficiency,more reliable and stable.
烟草基因组计划进展篇:1. 烟草全长cDNA文库的构建及分析

全长cDNA文库代表的是mRNA的完整拷贝,能提供完整的基因编码区信息,揭示基因的表达水平,特别是基因组测序完成后对辅助基因注释和开展功能基因研究具有重要作用。普通烟草(Nicotiana tabacum)为异源四倍体植物,基因组大小约4.5G,基因组结构高度复杂。美国烟草基因组计划对四倍体烤烟品种采用甲基过滤法测序只获得了部分基因序列信息。我国烟草基因组计划完成了对普通烟草的两个祖先种绒毛状烟草(N. tomentosiformis)和林烟草(N. sylvestris)全基因组序列图谱的绘制,更充分地验证了烟草基因组结构高度复杂这一事实。美国烟草基因组计划以及欧洲和日本烟草测序项目通过构建各种烟草不同发育时期的多个cDNA文库对基因组数据信息进行了补充。目前,在GenBank数据库中登录的烟草表达序列标签(expressed sequence tags,ESTs)超过30万条,但关于烟草全长cDNA文库的规模化构建和测序分析报道较少。烟草全长cDNA文库的构建及测序是我国烟草基因组计划的重要研究内容,目前也取得了较大进展。
PNPLA3基因慢病毒载体及其过表达Huh-7细胞系的构建

非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)正在成为我国一个新的公共健康问题.PNPLA3 (patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3)基因I148M多态性与NAFLD密切相关,且此多态性参与了NAFLD的疾病进展。但是,其在NAFLD发病中的具体生物机制目前尚不明确。本实验利用基因重组技术,成功构建了携带PNPLA3基因野生型和I148M突变型的慢病毒载体,并感染人肝癌细胞株Huh-7细胞,建立了稳定过表达目的基因的细胞系,为深入研究PNPLA3基因的生物学功能提供了理想的细胞模型。
膝单髁置换治疗色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎1例报告

讨论:色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎(pigmented villonodu- lar synovitis, PVS)是一种少见的发生于关节滑膜、 滑囊和腱鞘的良性增生性疾病,具有滑膜增生、色素(含铁血黄素)沉着、关节反复出血、肿胀的特点。 对于PVS的病因现在还没有十分清楚,可能的原因有关节的损伤导致滑膜的反复出血,基质金属蛋白酶过度表达,同时遗传因素也起到一定的作用。根据病理,PVS可以分为两型:局限性(localized pigmented villonodular synovitis, LPVS)和弥漫性(diffused pig-mented villonodular synovitis,DPVS)。相对于 DPVS, LPVS的发病率更低。DPVS可以导致软骨软化、纤维变、剥脱等,甚至导致骨关节病,此外滑膜尚可沿滋养血管侵入骨内。LPVS的骨关节破坏相对轻,因 LPVS而导致骨性关节炎的病例罕见发生。LPVS与骨性关节炎可能为伴发关系。对于PVS的治疗,目前主要为关节镜下滑膜切除或者开放手术滑膜切除,且获得了较好的临床结果。但是对于导致膝骨关节退行性变或者伴发膝骨关节退变的PVS,关节镜下滑膜切除术或者关节切开滑膜切除术常不能有效的减轻疼痛,改善膝关节功能。膝关节置换手术可以较为彻底地切除受累的滑膜组织,同时改善膝关节的功能,提高生活质量。关节成形术合并开放手术滑膜切除术逐渐被认可为PVS晚期关节破坏的最佳治疗方法,尤其是髋PVS。
体外冲击波治疗骨质疏松症的进展

骨质疏松症(osteoporosis, OP)及其所诱发的骨折是严重危害中老年人健康的疾病。骨质疏松会造成长期的骨丢失和骨微结构的破坏,从而导致骨折的危险性增加。一些药物已经表明能够降低骨质疏松的概率,尽管如此在老年人群中,骨质疏松的发病率依然很高,对于骨质疏松的新治疗需求迫切。有研究表明力学刺激可以促进骨质疏松骨组织中的新骨形成、降低骨丢失,从而治疗骨质疏松。体外冲击波(extra-corporeal shock wave, ESW)是由电子水压装置、电磁装置等压力瞬间急剧变化产生的一种机械性脉冲波,它产生的能量可经冲击波装置二次聚焦形成高能量冲击波,它可在固体和液体物质中传播并发挥作用。ESW对周围的组织细胞也有一定的作用,比如可以观察到细胞外空化效应、分子离子化以及细胞膜通透性增加等,这是体外冲击波对细胞的直接影响,还可见扩散的原子团与生物分子之间的相互作用、线粒体损伤和细胞内分子水平变化等效应。适当的应力刺激能够很好的促进体内、外成骨作用。因而,近年来部分学者在骨组织工程构建方式方面提出了应力化、持续灌流构建的概念。作为一种有效的生物力学刺激,体外冲击波在治疗骨不连、骨折延迟愈合、早期股骨头缺血性坏死等疾病中取得了满意的效果。它通过机械刺激产生生物力学效应,具有促进细胞增殖与代谢,刺激微血管再生和增强组织修复能力的作用。本文将对体外冲击波治疗骨质疏松症的研究进行综述。
MLP training in a self-organizing state space model using unscented Kalman particle filter

Many Bayesian learning approaches to the multi-layer perceptron (MLP) parameter optimization have been proposed such as the extended Kalman filter (EKF). This paper uses the unscented Kalman particle filter (UPF) to train the MLP in a self-organizing state space (SOSS) model. This involves forming augmented state vectors consisting of all parameters (the weights of the MLP) and outputs. The UPF is used to sequentially update the true system states and high dimensional parameters that are inherent to the SOSS model for the MLP simultaneously. Simulation results show that the new method performs better than traditional optimization methods.
植物油厂废水处理技术与应用

对植物油厂废水处理技术工艺及应用效果进行阐述。利用物理、化学法破乳后进行油水分离,再由生化法进一步去除废水中的有机物及其他有害物,使最终处理后的废水达到中水回用标准。既节约运行成本,又避免了二次污染。
A Theoretical Analysis of Interactive Coercing Effects Between Urbanization and Eco-environment

Objectively, a complex interactive coercing relationship exists between urbanization and eco-environment, and the research of this relationship is primarily divided into three schools, i.e., interactive coercion theory, interactive promotion theory and coupling symbiosis theory. Harmonizing the relationship between urbanization and eco-environment is not only an important proposition for the national development plan but also the only way to promote healthy urbanization. Based on an analysis of urbanization process and its relationship with the eco-environment, this article analyzes interactive coercing effects between urbanization and eco-environment from three perspectives of population urbanization, economic urbanization and spatial urbanization, respectively, and analyzes risk effects of the interactive coercion. Further, it shows six basic laws followed by interactive coercion between urbanization and eco-environment, namely, coupling fission law, dynamic hierarchy law, stochastic fluctuation law, non-linear synergetic law, threshold value law and forewarning law, and divides the interactive coercing process into five stages, namely, low-level coordinate, antagonistic, break-in, ameliorative and high-grade coordinate. Based on the geometric derivation, the interactive coercing relationship between urbanization and eco-environment is judged to be non-linear and it can be explained by a double-exponential function formed by the combination of power and exponential functions. Then, the evolutionary types of the interactive coercing relationship are divided into nine ones: rudimentary coordinating, ecology-dominated, synchronal coordinating, urbanization lagging, stepwise break-in, exorbitant urbanization, fragile ecology, rudimentary break-in and unsustainable types. Finally, based on an interactive coercion model, the degree of interactive coercion can be examined, and then, an evolutionary cycle can be divided into four phases, namely rudimentary symbiosis, harmonious development, utmost increasing and spiral type rising. The study results offer a scientific decision-making of healthy urbanization for achieving the goal of eco-environment protection and promoting urbanization.
原发性肾脏骨肉瘤一例报告

讨论原发性肾脏骨肉瘤,来源于肾实质、被膜及肾盂内的间叶组织和神经组织,是极罕见的软组织肿瘤,恶性度高。具有病程短、发展快、易向周围侵犯以及较早发生远处转移等独特的生物行为,预后较差。本病病因不明。发病机制目前认为有3种:①胚胎发育时中胚叶成分残留,而后形成骨质,成骨成分大量增殖而成。②有异位的骨软骨可转变为骨肉瘤。③任何有结缔组织的部位,受到某种外来或内在的刺激,如外伤、出血、炎症等,局部发生生物化学改变,受刺激的纤维母细胞即可化生,形成骨母细胞,演变为骨肉瘤。原发性肾脏骨肉瘤临床表现有发热、乏力、肝功能异常等,肉眼血尿少见。影像学检查不易与肾癌及肾错构瘤相鉴别,诊断依靠病理检查。组织化学染色和免疫组织化学染色检查可确诊。治疗仍以手术切除辅以放化疗为主。
外阴单纯性获得性淋巴管瘤

淋巴管瘤是一种起源于淋巴管的良性肿瘤。本病少见,表现为淋巴管过度增生、扩张。目前多采用Wegner分类法,根据皮损形态及组织病理分为单纯性淋巴管瘤、海绵状淋巴管瘤和囊性淋巴管瘤。根据病因不同分为先天性淋巴管瘤和获得性淋巴管瘤。先天性淋巴管瘤多由先天性淋巴管畸形或发育异常引起;获得性淋巴管瘤,又称淋巴管扩张症,多由后天某些因素导致身体某部位正常的淋巴管结构受到破坏,引起淋巴回流障碍造成淋巴液潴留与淋巴管扩张。单纯性淋巴管瘤主要表现为群集、深在性水疱,一般直径不超过1 cm,内容物似黏液,皮损表面可伴角化而呈疣状。组织病理显示真皮上部由单层内皮细胞组成的腔隙,其内含有淋巴液。临床上容易误诊为汗管瘤、传染性软疣、毛发上皮瘤、尖锐湿疣、Fox-Fordyce病等,可以进一步通过组织病理和免疫病理进行鉴别。
猪鼻拭子与支气管肺泡灌洗液用于呼吸道分泌性抗体检测

黏膜免疫是机体抵抗细菌或病毒感染的第一道防线。因此,检测黏膜免疫反应对评估黏膜接种方案和病原与宿主之间的相互关系具有重要的意义。目前,支气管鄄肺泡灌洗液样本(BALF)在下呼吸道样本的采集中占有重要的地位,也是目前评价呼吸道黏膜免疫的常用样本。但是活体状态下采集支气管肺泡灌洗液难度较大,在兽医中一般屠宰后采集全肺灌洗液,成本较高且不适合用于临床样本的采集。鼻拭子样本(Nasal swab, NS)具有采集简单、易行,对机体的损伤较小,已应用于黏膜抗体的检测。虽然鼻拭子样本仅仅是反应鼻黏膜局部的黏液样本,但根据共同黏膜免疫系统(Common mucosal immune system, CMIS)原理,本试验拟通过总蛋白质浓度和特异性SIgA抗体滴度2个指标对鼻拭子与支气管肺泡灌洗液样本2种猪呼吸道样本在体现黏膜免疫反应方面的平行性进行比较。
谈医学生涯中部分难忘的病例(二十一)

病理检查:主动脉根部有纤维钙化斑块,主动脉瓣正常。左冠状动脉主干有IV级纤维钙化斑块,前降支全程有纤维钙化斑块,管腔明显狭窄,左回旋支纤维钙化斑使管腔完全闭塞。右冠状动脉纤维钙化斑块,中段有机化血栓和新鲜血栓使管腔全堵。心肌梗死病变分为四个不同组织学年龄结合临床症状,①最早下壁梗死病变,部分纤维化,符合(1982-01-26)发病症状。②前壁,前间壁全层梗死心电图为QS波,ST段一直抬高,为1982-02-09发病,梗死累及至心外膜下心肌,影响脏层心包膜反复出现心包摩擦音,病理未发现心包积液等梗死后综合征征象。③右后乳头肌片状梗死,1982-03-04至1982-03-17胸骨左缘出现喀喇音及明显全收缩期杂音,上厕所出现肺水肿。④高侧壁有数小时梗死病变,与1982-03-19凌晨2: 30发生心室颤动有关。患者在一个多月时间体征和症状不稳定,因陆续有不同部位梗死出现。心电图对乳头肌梗死是不能显示,最后高侧壁梗死很早期同时并有室性心动过速也显示不出来,当年尚缺乏心肌肌钙蛋白等较敏感的指标。在多支病变的患者心肌梗死病情不稳定,应关注有否反复新梗死,心电图如无表现,应检测心肌肌钙蛋白。对于心肌梗死累及乳头肌,吴遐教授曾进行研究,是较常见的。
低血磷性骨软化症相关的骨磷酸盐尿性间叶组织肿瘤一例

讨论:低血磷性骨软化症(hypophosphatemic osteomalacia,HO)是由于肾脏排磷增加、低磷血症和活性维生素D产生不足造成的,以骨矿化不良、骨软化或佝偻病为主要特征的一组疾病。分为以下3种类型:X连锁显性低磷性骨软化症(XLH)\常染色体显性遗传低磷性骨软化症(ADHR)和肿瘤诱发的低磷性骨软化症(tumor-induced osteomalacia,TIO).TIO是由肿瘤引起肾脏排磷增加所致的获得性低磷性骨软化症。多发于中年人,年龄3~73岁,无性别优势。约53%发生于骨,45%发生于软组织,3%发生于皮肤。发生于骨内时,肢端或附肢骨多于躯干或中轴骨。自发病至明确诊断往往需要数月至数年,最长可达19年。临床表现为广泛骨痛和肌无力,严重者出现骨折、假骨折、骨骼畸形和活动受限等。实验室检查发现低血磷、高尿磷,血碱性磷酸酶升高。影像学检查表现有骨密度普遍降低、假骨折、骨骼畸形、骨盆狭窄等。本例患者发现全身多发微骨折,实验室检查发现血磷低,血碱性磷酸酶升高,肿瘤切除后血磷显著升高,血碱性磷酸酶降至正常水平。研究表明低磷血症与肿瘤分泌纤维母细胞生长因子(FGF23)有关。FGF23由251个氨基酸组成,与肾小管上皮细胞基底缘的受体结合后,抑制肾小管刷状缘钠磷共转运蛋白II a(NaPi II a)的作用,抑制了肾脏对磷的吸收及1,25-(OH)_2vitD_3的生成.TIO患者血清中的FGF23显著升高,肿瘤切除后血清FGF23水平迅速下降,同时血磷水平也逐步上升至正常范围。因此检测血FGF23水平,有助于低磷性骨软化症的病因诊断,但其鉴别病因的价值及临床应用仍有待于进一步证实。
二甲双胍的多重抗癌机制

二甲双胍是临床上最常用的抗高血糖药物之一,被普遍认为是一个安全廉价的药物,是美国糖尿病学会(ADA)和欧洲糖尿病协会(EASD)所共识的,及中国糖尿病防治指南(2010版)推荐的2型糖尿病一线治疗和糖尿病前期预防药物。
Giant aortic arch aneurysm

To the editor: A 44-year-old man presented to our department with intermittent chest and back pain. He had a past medical history of having undergone aortic valve replacement and ascending aortic aneurysm repair (Bentall) in the same operation 12 years ago. The Bentall operation was performed due to the diagnosis of severe aortic valve regurgitation together with an aneurysm of the ascending aorta measuring 70 mm in diameter. The diameter of the remaining aortic arch had previously been measured as 40 mm at the time.
Short-term safety and effects of a novel fully bioabsorable poly-L-lactic acid sirolimus-eluting stents in porcine coronary arteries

The role of drug-eluting stent (DES), which prevents acute or subacute recoil and elutes drugs to prevent smooth muscle cell proliferation, is temporary and limited within a few weeks after its implantation. Beyond that, there is no utility or advantages but only limitations just like foreign materials in patients’ body. All of these problems can be solved with the use of fully bioabsorbable stent (BAS), which will disappear from the vessel wall after complete degradation and leave a “clean” vessel. Numerous BASs are currently undergoing pre-clinical and clinical trials. The purpose of the present study was to assess the short-term effects of a novel, fully bioabsorbable poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) made in China compared with a metallic durable polymer-coated sirolimus-eluting Cypher stent in healthy porcine coronary arteries.
Weighted Youden index and its two-independent-sample comparison based on weighted sensitivity and specificity

Background Most indices for evaluating a diagnostic test can be expressed as functions of sensitivity (SEN) and specificity (SPE). Practically, all existing methods suffer from the inability to weight sensitivity and specificity relative to their importance. In this paper, we developed a novel index, the weighted Youden index, that allows Youden index to be a combination of sensitivity and specificity with user-defined weights. Methods The weighted Youden index J_w is defined as J_w=2(w×SEN+(1?w)SPE)?1 (0 ≤w ≤1). It has three properties: (1) the sum of the weights which are attached to sensitivity and specificity should be equal to 1; (2) the range of J_w should be within [?1, 1], which is the range of the Youden index J; (3) J_w should be equal to J when sensitivity and specificity have equal weights. According to the central limit theorem, we obtain the standard error of Jw, and propose a statistical inference method to compare two weighted Youden indices. The monotonicity of the test statistic was discussed. Results An example of comparing two diagnostic tests for pheochromocytoma was used to demonstrate the weighted Youden index method. Weighted Youden index, the confidence interval for each test and the hypothesis test of comparing two independent diagnostic tests were presented. Assigning the weights is essential to the weighted Youden index approach. Conclusion The weighted Youden index can broaden its applications in diagnostic test development and motivate further research in weighting sensitivity and specificity explicitly.
Cooperation, innovation and transition: the new focus of the China Interventional Therapeutics (CIT) congress

Since its inauguration in 2003, China Interventional Therapeutics (CIT) congress has witnessed the growth of percutaneous cardiovascular intervention in China. In 2003 the total number of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in China was about 40 000 cases, while by CIT’s 10th anniversary in 2012, the annual number of PCI in China had reached 340 000 cases. CIT has grown along with PCI practice in the country; last year the CIT congress hosted 6000 attendees, including 180 international faculty members and over 750 foreign participants from 42 countries or regions.
Drug-eluting stent: where is the way out?

Since the first Palmaz-Schatz bare-metal stent (BMS) was implanted in human body in 1985, coronary stenting successfully resolved problem of the high restenosis rate in balloon dilatation era and soon became the primary means of clinical treatment of coronary artery disease. In order to meet the requirement of further reduction of the restenosis rate, drug-eluting stent (DES) was developed more than a decade later. With the excellent clinical efficacy, DESs established a milestone in the field of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, since the “stent thrombosis (ST) storm” triggered in 2006, the late ST after DES implantation quickly became a challenging problem. To solve this problem, a lot of advances have been achieved. Among them, biodegradable polymers and abluminal coating are two new technologies with bright future.
P3HT STRIPE STRUCTURE WITH ORIENTED NANOFIBRILS ENABLED BY CONTROLLED INCLINING EVAPORATION

The preparation of the poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) stripe structure with oriented nanofibrils prepared by controlled inclining evaporative technique is reported. The distance of the adjacent stripes could be controlled from 40 μm to 100 (μm by decreasing the inclining angle. The oriented nanofibrils in the stripes can be obtained because the P3HT lamellae diffuse directionally and form ID crystals at the three-phase contact line of the drop. In order to get the oriented P3HT stripes, the proper solvent evaporation rate which is controlled by the inclining angle and the wettability of the substrate must be carefully chosen to match the P3HT ID crystallization rate. It is found that large inclining angle and the hydrophilic substrate (for example: glass and PEDOT) are beneficial to get P3HT stripe structure with oriented nanofibrils.
不同分娩体位在第二产程应用的研究进展

第二产程即胎儿娩出期,初产妇一般经历1~2h,是产妇正常分娩的关键时期。这个时期产妇宫缩强度增加,疼痛感增强,可能会出现第二产程延长等问题,进而导致胎儿宫内窘迫及新生儿窒息。因此,缩短第二产程,保障胎儿安全,降低产妇疼痛感,提高分娩满意度成为当前国内外学者关注的焦点。研究表明,分娩体位的选择与第二产程进展、母儿健康促进关系密切。1996年WHO提出,自由体位分娩使产妇更舒适,更符合生理体位,有利于自然分娩。近年来,一些欧美国家对非传统体位分娩的研究已日趋成熟,我国学者对站立式体位、卧位、蹲式体位、手膝体位、自由体位等新型分娩.体位的临床应用也进行了探索,效果明显。本文就不同分娩体位的临床应用与研究现状做一综述。
HPLC波长切换技术对葛根中8种成分的测定及指纹图谱研究

目的建立高效液相色谱波长切换技术同时测定葛根中3'-羟基葛根素、葛根素、大豆苷、染料木苷、大豆苷元、染料木素、芒柄花素、鹰嘴豆芽素A 8种成分的量,并建立了葛根的特征指纹图谱,为葛根质量的全面评价提供了科学依据。方法采用Agilent Zorbax SB-C_(18)色谱柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-0.1%磷酸水溶液,梯度洗脱,体积流量1 mL/min,柱温30℃,进样量10 μL。结果3'-羟基葛根素、葛根素、大豆苷、染料木苷、大豆苷元、染料木素、芒柄花素、鹰嘴豆芽素A的质量浓度分别在16.10~161.00、103.8~1 038.0、19.82~198.20、2.788~27.880、4.112~41.120、0.258 4~2.584 0、0.336 2~3.362 0、0.080 5~0.805 0 mg/L内与色谱峰峰面积呈良好的线性关系,平均回收率均在98.0%~99.4%,RSD均小于3.0%(n=6);在指纹图谱研究中,以葛根素为参照峰,标定了27个共有峰,指认其中7个峰,分析10个产地的葛根与共有模式之间具有良好的相似性,相似度均在0.97以上。结论建立的测定方法及指纹图谱分析方法简便、准确、重复性好、专属性强,为葛根质量的全面评价提供了科学依据。
药用植物根际微生物研究进展

根际是植物与土壤生态系统物质交换的活跃界面,而根际土壤中的微生物与植物的生长发育、繁殖、代谢等活动密不可分,因此,近年来对药用植物与根际微生物的关系研究得到了高度重视。根据近年来国内外关于药用植物与根际微生物关系研究成果,对药用植物根际微生物的多样性、药用植物与根际微生物的相互作用、药用植物根际微生物的研究方法等方面的研究进展进行综述,并且提出了今后药用植物与根际微生物方面需要深入研究的几个问题。
中肾管附件肿瘤一例报告及文献复习

中肾管附件肿瘤属罕见肿瘤,目前全球报道的病例仅80余例。大多数肿瘤为良性,仅少数病例会复发或发生转移。现将本院收治的1例中肾管附件肿瘤结合文献复习报道如下。
Uniform Thickness and Colloidal-Stable CdS Quantum Disks with Tunable Thickness: Synthesis and Properties

Uniform thickness and colloidal-stable CdS quantum disks have been reproducibly prepared using cadmium acetate, elemental sulfur, fatty acids and octadecene as the starting materials without any size/shape sorting. The thickness could be varied between 1.2 and 2.2 nm, i.e., 4.5, 5.5, 6.5 and 7.5 monolayers of CdS along the thickness direction. These single crystalline disks with lateral dimensions between 20 and 100 nm adopted the zinc blende crystal structure with <100> (possibly mixed with <111>) as the thickness direction. The basal planes and side facets were terminated with cadmium carboxylates, which dictated the thicknesses to be half a monolayer more than an integer number. Formation of CdS quantum disks probably occurs through a “nucleation-growth” mechanism, instead of aggregation of pre-formed magic clusters. Completion of a full monolayer along the lateral direction was found to be rather fast if two-dimensional nucleation was initiated on existing disks, which helped formation of atomically flat and thickness-controlled disks. As disk thickness decreased, the crystal lattice was found to dilate gradually, which has not been observed with CdS quantum dots. Compared with CdS quantum dots and rods, the disks displayed weakened quantum confinement and their photoluminescence lifetime (tens of picoseconds) was about two orders of magnitude shorter.
Cold Damage Risk Assessment of Double Cropping Rice in Hunan, China

Combined with remote sensing data and meteorological data, cold damage risk was assessed for planting area of double cropping rice (DCR) in Hunan Province, China. A new methodology of cold damage risk assessment was built that apply to grid and have clear hazard-affected body. Each station cold damage annual frequency and average annual intensity of cold damage was calculated by using 1951-2010 station daily mean temperature and simple cold damage identification index. On this basis, average annual cold damage risk index was obtained by their product. The spatial analysis models of cold damage risk index about double-season early rice (DSER) and double-season later rice (DSLR) were established respectively by the relation of average annual cold damage risk index and its geographic factors. Critical threshold of level of average annual cold damage risk index for DSER and DSLR were respectively divided by the correlative equation of cold damage annual frequency and average annual intensity of cold damage. 2001-2010 planting area of DCR, acquired by time series analysis of MOD09A1 8-d composite land surface reflectance product, was as target of assessment. The results show average annual intensity of cold damage is exponential function of cold damage annual frequency, average annual cold damage risk index is directly proportional to cold damage cumulant and cold damage annual frequency, and is inversely proportional to happen times of cold damage and the square of statistical time sequence length. Cold damage risk of DSER is higher than DSLR in Hunan Province. In the 10-yr stacking map, DCR planting in low risk area accounted for 11.92% of total extraction area, in moderate risk area accounted for 69.62%, in high risk area accounted for 18.46%. According to the cold damage risk assessment result, DCR production can be guided to reduce cold damage losses.
Spatial Distribution of Soil Organic Matter and Nutrients in the Pear Orchard Under Clean and Sod Cultivation Models

The soil organic matter and nutrients are fundamental for the sustainability of pear production, but little is known about the spatial distribution of soil organic matter and nutrients in a pear orchard. With the soil of the pear (cv. Dangshansu on P.betulifolia Bunge. rootstock) orchard under clean and sod cultivation models as test materials, the experiment was conducted to evaluate spatial variability of soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (STN), total phosphorus (STP), total potassium (STK), available nitrogen (SAN), and available potassium (SAK) in and between rows at different soil depths (0-60 cm). The SOM, STN, STP, STK, SAN and SAK of the different soil layers under the two tillage models were different in the vertical direction. The SOM, STN, STP and SAN in the 0-20 cm soil layer were higher than those in the 20-40 and 40-60 cm soil layers. The STK of 40-60 cm soil layer was higher than that in the 0-20 and 20-40 cm soil layers. The STK increased with the depth of soil in the vertical direction in the clean cultivated pear orchard. Variability of the SOM, STN, STP, STK, SAN and SAK of sample sites in between rows of the same soil layer was found in the pear orchard soil in the horizontal direction under clean and sod cultivation management systems, except that STK of all sites did not show the difference in identical soil layers in the pear orchard under clean cultivation. The sod cultivation model improved the SOM, STN, and STK in the 0-20 cm soil layer in the pear orchard, and the three components increased by 12.8, 12.7 and 7.3% compared to clean cultivation, respectively. The results can be applicable to plan collection of orchard soil samples, assess orchard soil quality, and improve orchard soil management practices.