mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
SKIP Confers Osmotic Tolerance during Salt Stress by Controlling Alternative Gene Splicing in Arabidopsis

Deciphering the mechanisms underlying plant responses to abiotic stress is key for improving plant stress resistance. Much is known about the regulation of gene expression in response to salt stress at the transcriptional level; however, little is known about this process at the posttranscriptional level. Recently, we demonstrated that SKIP is a component of spliceosome that interacts with clock gene pre-mRNAs and is essential for regulating their alternative splicing and mRNA maturation. In this study, we found that skip-1 plants are hypersensitive to both salt and osmotic stresses, and that SKIP is required for the alternative splicing and mRNA maturation of several salt-tolerance genes, including NHX1, CBL1, P5CS1, RCI2A, and PAT10. A genome-wide analysis revealed that SKIP mediates the alternative splicing of many genes under salt-stress conditions, and that most of the alternative splicing events in skip-1 involve intron retention and can generate a premature termination codon in the transcribed mRNA. SKIP also controls alternative splicing by modulating the recognition or cleavage of 50 and 30 splice donor and acceptor sites under salt-stress conditions. Therefore, this study addresses the fundamental question of how the mRNA splicing machinery in plants contributes to salt-stress responses at the posttranscriptional level, and provides a link between alternative splicing and salt tolerance.
Linking the Cell Cycle with Innate Immunity in Arabidopsis

Cell cycle control is essential for plant growth and development as well as for environmental response (Inze and De Veylder, 2006). Vegetative growth and development in plants are strongly associated with the extent and proportion of two types of cell cycles: mitosis and endopolyploidization/endocycle. This short article highlights the impact of cell cycle regulation on plant–pathogen interactions and its molecular mechanisms revealed by some recent studies.
Arabidopsis ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE3 is involved in nitrogen starvation-induced anthocyanin accumulation

Anthocyanin accumulation is a common phenomenon seen in plants under environmental stress. In this study, we identified a new allele of ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE3 (RHD3) showing an anthocyanin overaccumulation phenotype under nitrogen starvation conditions. It is known that ethylene negatively regulates light- and sucrose-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis. We hypothesized that RHD3 achieves its negative effect on anthocyanin biosynthesis via an ethylene-regulating pathway. In support of this, similar to rhd3 mutants, the Arabidopsis ethylene signaling mutants etr1, ein2, and ein3/eil1 showed an anthocyanin overaccumulation phenotype under nitrogen starvation conditions. The ethylene precursor ACC strongly suppressed anthocyanin accumulation, dependent on ETR1, EIN2, EIN3/EIL1, and, partially, RHD3. In addition, inactivating RHD3 partially reversed the suppressive effect of ETO1 inactivation-evoked endogenous ethylene production on anthocyanin accumulation. The expression of nitrogen starvation-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis genes was negatively regulated by RHD3, but ethylene response genes were positively regulated by RHD3. Wild-type seedlings overexpressing RHD3 showed similar phenotypes to rhd3 mutants, indicating the existence of a fine-tuned relationship between gene expression and function. RHD3 was initially identified as a gene involved in root hair development. This study uncovered a new physiological function of RHD3 in nitrogen starvationinduced anthocyanin accumulation and ethylene homeostasis. [Correction added on 6 August 2015, after first online publication: “RND3” corrected to “RHD3”.]
Molecular evolution and species-specific expansion of the NAP members in plants

TheNAP(NAC-Like, Activated byAP3/PI) subfamily is one of the important plant-specific transcription factors, and controls many vital biological processes in plants. In the current study, 197 NAP proteins were identified from 31 vascular plants, but no NAP members were found in eight non-vascular plants. All NAP proteins were phylogenetically classified into two groups (NAP I and NAP II), and the origin time of the NAP I group might be relatively later than that of the NAP II group. Furthermore, species-specific gene duplications, caused by segmental duplication events, resulted in the expansion of the NAP subfamily after species-divergence. Different groups have different expansion rates, and the NAP group preference was found during the expansion in plants. Moreover, the expansion of NAP proteins may be related to the gain and loss of introns. Besides, functional divergence was limited after the gene duplication. Abscisic acid (ABA) might play an important role in leaf senescence, which is regulated by NAP subfamily. These results could lay an important foundation for expansion and evolutionary analysis of NAP subfamily in plants.
探索儿童专科医院优质护理发展之路—— 访浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院护理部主任陈朔晖

浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院是浙江省最大的三级甲等综合性儿童医院和儿科学国家重点学科单位,经过六十余年的精心建设,医院学科水平、临床业务能力及综合实力均处于全国儿童医院前列。新生儿专业现为国家临床重点专科、浙江省医学重点学科和中华医学会儿科分会新生儿学组组长单位,其新生儿监护中心(NICU)是改革开放后美国HOPE基金会在华的首个建设项目,是国内最早、最规范的新生儿重症监护中心之一,是国内新生儿重症监护的重要培训基地。医院与美国罗马琳达大学儿童医院、西雅图儿童医院、辛辛那提儿童医院建立了实质性的院际合作关系。2009年,医院成为浙江省卫计委认可的浙江省小儿ICU专科护士培训基地,2013年成为美国重症医学会授予的PediatricFundamentalCriticalCareSupport(PFCCS)项目在中国的首个培训基地。这些成绩的取得,离不开医院护理团队的努力。护理部主任陈朔晖,是一位低调、平和的60后老护士,言谈举止中显示出干练与睿智。陈朔晖既是一位出色的管理者,也是一位儿科护理专家。现任中华护理学会儿科专业委员会委员,浙江省护理学会副秘书长、儿科专业委员会主任委员,在专业期刊发表论文20余篇,主编专业著作2部。自2010年开始,在陈主任的带领下,全院900多名护士努力探索着儿童专科医院的优质护理发展之路。为了让更多的专科医院分享他们改革的经验,本刊特采访了陈朔晖主任。
A Dynamic Clustering Method to Large-Scale Distribution Problems

This paper presents the dynamic fuzzy clustering method to solve the multi-producers to multi-customers large-scale distribution problem. The proposed method includes three phases: Static clustering, order processing, and dynamic clustering. Based on the distances among customers, kmeans method is used to generate the static clusters. The service priorities of each producer serving the static customer groups are ranked according to the distance performance. In the case of fluctuant customer orders, order processing can divide customer orders into several consecutive periods. After the above two phases, the fuzzy clustering technique is applied to further conduct dynamic clustering based on the customer order attributes. Similarly, the service priorities of generated dynamic customer groups will be ranked according to the time attributes of orders. Finally, by the real case, the authors obtain the conclusion that using the proposed method, the total cost of the producer is reduced by about 35%, and the vehicle loading rates are almost above 95%.
Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(ω-pentadecalactone) for Its Industrial-scale Production

The synthesis of biomaterial poly(ω-pentadecalactone)(PPDL) with yttrium isopropoxide as initiator in bulk was explored for its industrial-scale production. The weight-average molecular weight (M_w) of PPDL could be controlled by the molar ratio of monomer to initiator(M/I), polymerization temperature(T_p) and period(t_p). The synthesis conditions were optimized, and a high M_w of 9.2×10~4 of PPDL could be obtained by the reaction at an M/I molar ratio of 1000/1 and 100 °C for only 30 min, which presented tough properties with a tensile strength of about 20 MPa and an elongation at break of about 300%. This mechanical property was comparable to that of high density polyethylene(HDPE). The melting point was about 96 °C, and 5% of mass loss temperature (T_(5%)) was as high as 340 °C. Thus, the PPDL with good mechanical properties and high thermal stability can be synthesized without solvent at low expenses.
Accration and Subduction of Seamounts in West Junggar

Recently, through implementation of the National Nature Science Foundation of China (No. 41303027) and Special Fund for Basic Scientific Research of Central Colleges (310827153506, 310827153407, 2014G1271058), we focused on basalts in Darbut and Karamay ophiolitic melanges in West Junggar which is a part of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, and made some advances as follows.
A Preliminary Review of Metallogenic Regularity of Tungsten Deposits in China

Tungsten ore resources are abundant in China with relatively complete types of deposits. Skarn type and quartz vein type deposits are dominated in the tungsten resources, whereas quartz vein type wolframite deposits are most important in terms of exploitation and utilization. Skarn type tungsten deposits are concentratedly distributed in the central Nanling region, such as South Hunan, South Anhui and the eastern Qinling region, while quartz vein type tungsten deposits occur mainly in South China, such as West Fujian, South Jiangxi, North Guangdong and South Hunan. The most important metallogenic epoch of tungsten is the Mesozoic, while the metallogenic tectonic setting is featured by an intracontinental environment after orogeny with sever tectonic movements, deep-seated faults and frequent magmatic activities, especially Mesozoic granitoids closely related to tungsten-tin mineralization. 22 metallogenic series of ore deposits characterized by or significantly related to tungsten were defined based on precise statistic information of 1199 tungsten mining areas and thorough the summary of metallogenic regularities. Based on studies of the metallogenic regularity of tungsten deposits, skarn type (or greisen type), quartz vein type and massif-type of tungsten deposits are thought to be the key prediction types. 65 tungsten-forming belts and 22 key ore concentration areas were ascertained and a distribution map of tungsten-forming belts of China was compiled, which provided a theoretical basis for evaluation and prediction of potential tungsten resources.
Early Cretaceous Paleoclimate Characteristics of China: Clues from Continental Climate-indicative Sediments

The Cretaceous was one of the most remarkable 'greenhouse' climate periods in geological history. Most of the reported studies of the Cretaceous paleoclimate are based upon marine sedimentary records. Large spatial scale paleoclimatic reconstruction, which has a higher time resolution based upon continental sediments in China, is rarely found. This study presents paleoclimate reconstruction for the six time periods of the Early Cretaceous in China by employing continental climate-indicative sediments, including calcareous deposits, coal, oil shale, gypsum, halite, desert sedimentary systems, ferruginous deposits and laterite, copper-bearing deposits, limestone and dolomite. Based on the distribution of the association of climate-indicative sediments and the influences of paleotopography and orogenic belts (or important structural belts) on climate, seven climatic zones have been identified: 1) a warm and humid zone; 2) a warm and humid-warm and arid zone; 3) a warm and arid zone; 4) an arid and hot zone; 5) the Tibet hot and humid zone; 6) a hot and arid-semiarid zone; and 7) a hot and humid-hot and arid one. It is found that the Early Cretaceous climatic zones of China were nearly latitudinally distributed from northwest to southeast. The aridhot climatic zone expanded in the Aptian, suggesting that a hotter and drier climate prevailed in later period of the Early Cretaceous. Conversely, the humid climatic zone expanded in the Albian, indicating that a wetter climate appeared at the end of the Early Cretaceous. The overall distribution pattern of the seven climatic zones indicates that a hot-warm and arid climate was predominant in China; this coincides with a global 'greenhouse climate' background. However, palaeogeographic features and specific geologic events, such as the existence and disappearance of the eastern high plateau, and the uplift and denudation of Yinshan, Yanshan, Tianshan, Qinling and Dabie Mountains, led to distinctive regional climatic features of the Cretaceous in China.
肌肉能量技术联合常规康复训练治疗上交叉综合征患者的疗效观察

目的观察肌肉能量技术(MET)联合常规康复训练治疗上交叉综合征(UCS)患者的疗效。方法选取UCS患者30例,按照随机数字表法将其分为治疗组和对照组,每组15例。2组患者均接受康复训练,对照组在此基础上增加肌肉牵张及力量训练,治疗组增加MET训练,2组治疗时间均为3周。治疗前、治疗3周后(治疗后),记录患者颈椎前屈和旋转的主动关节活动度(AROM)、视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分和颈部障碍指数(NDI)的变化。结果治疗前,2组患者颈椎AROM、VAS和NDI指标之间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,2组患者颈椎AROM、VAS和NDI指标均较组内治疗前改善(P<0.05)。治疗后,治疗组颈椎AROM前屈[(41.02±3.56)。]及旋转总和[(111.26±8.00)°]、VAS评分[(1.40±0.99)分]、NDI[(9.87±2.33)分]明显优于对照组颈椎AROM前屈[(37.42±2.97)。]及旋转总和[(103.44±8.28)°]、VAS评分[(2.60±1.35)分]和NDI[(12.07±2.74)分].差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论MET联合常规康复训练可显著改善UCS患者的疼痛症状,提高其运动功能。
Insight into early-phase trials for lung cancer in the United States

Introduction: Few data have been published comparing early-phase trials for lung cancer between China and the United States (US). This study was to investigate the differences of phase 1 trials for lung cancer between these two countries. Methods: In 2014, a cross-sectional survey was conducted to compare phase 1 trials for lung cancer between the Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute (GLCI), the University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center (UWCCC), and the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC). Results: We found that the GLCI had a lower percentage of phase 1 lung cancer trials than the MDACC in December 2014 (23.8% [5/21] vs. 59.8% [28/47], P = 0.006) and the UWCCC in September 2014 (16.7% [3/18] vs. 34.8% [8/23], P = 0.345). Descriptive analyses were performed for early-phase trials conducted by the Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program at the National Cancer Institute (CTEP/NCI), the MDACC, and the Chinese Thoracic Oncology Group (CTONG). There were 149 ongoing early-phase trials in the Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase 1 program) at the MDACC in October 2014. In contrast, no phase 1 trials had been initiated by the CTONG since its establishment in 2007. Conclusions: These data suggest that a significantly higher percentage of phase 1 trials for lung cancer were conducted in the US than in China. Early-phase oncology trials with robust preclinical data had a higher chance of being approved by the Investigational Drug Branch at the CTEP/NCI. Given the importance of early-phase oncology trials in developing innovative cancer medicines, such studies should be highly encouraged and strategically funded in China.
Hospital-based emergency department visits in children with motor vehicle traffic accidents: estimates from the nationwide emergency department sample

Background: The purpose of this study is to provide nationally representative estimates of children visiting hospital-based emergency departments (ED) for motor vechicle traffic accidents (MVTA) in the United States during the year of 2008. Methods: Nationwide Emergency Department Sample for 2008 was used. All pediatric (age ≤18 years) ED visits with external cause for injury ICD-9-diagnostic codes for MVTA were selected. Outcomes examined included discharge status following ED visit and presence of concomitant injuries. Descriptive statistics was used to summarize the estimates. Results: Totally 604 027 hospital-based ED visits occurred in the United States among children (age ≤18 years) due to MVTA. Following an ED visit, 91% were discharged routinely, while 6% were admitted as inpatients into the same hospital. A total of 928 children died in the ED. A total of 34 004 ED visits required inpatient admission into the same hospital and 768 patients died during hospitalization. Mean charge per ED visit was $1887 and total ED charges across the United States were close to $970 million. Among those admitted into the same hospital following ED visit (n=34 004), the mean hospitalization charge was $53 726 and total hospitalization charge across the entire United States were $1.8 billion. Conclusions: Study findings illustrate the burden associated with pediatric ED visits due to MVTA. Close to $970 million of hospital charges were incurred by children who made an ED visit due to a MVTA during 2008 and about $1.8 billion was incurred among those hospitalized following an ED visit.
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in patients with hematologic tumor confers worse outcome

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical features of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) in children. Methods: The medical records of 31 patients from five medical centers who were diagnosed with PRES from 2001 to 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. In the 31 patients, 16 were males, and 15 females, with a median age of 7 years (3-12 years). Patients younger than 10 years accounted for 74.2% of the 31 patients. Results: Seizure, the most common clinical sign, occurred in 29 of the 31 patients. Visual disturbances were also observed in 20 patients. Cerebral imaging abnormalities were bilateral and predominant in the parietal and occipital white matter. In this series, three patients died in the acute phase of PRES. One patient had resolution of neurologic presentation within one week, but no apparent improvement in radiological abnormalities was observed at eight months. One patient showed gradual recovery of both neurologic presentation and radiological abnormalities during follow-up at eight months. One patient developed long-term cortical blindness. All of the PRES patients with hematologic tumor had a worse prognosis than those without hematologic tumor. Conclusions: Seizure is a prevalent characteristic of children with PRES. Poor prognosis can be seen in PRES patients with hematologic tumor.
多巴胺在可卡因成瘾中作用

毒品成瘾是一个世界性的难题,有关成瘾机制的研究较多,目前尚未有治疗毒品成瘾的有效途径。尽管世界各国努力减少非法毒品的使用,但毒品使用仍然是一个重要的公共卫生问题。成瘾行为是一种额外的超乎寻常的嗜好和习惯性,其核心行为特征是强迫性用药和强迫性觅药行为,与毒品刺激中枢神经系统而造成的兴奋性有关。可卡因具有较强兴奋作用的药物,可与多巴胺转运体结合,从而抑制多巴胺的重摄取,导致大脑内多巴胺浓度增高,从而产生欣快感。使用多巴胺能药物代替治疗可卡因成瘾。因此,多巴胺系统在可卡因所致的强迫行为中起重要作用。此外,γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyric acid,GABA)作为中枢神经系统一种重要的抑制性神经递质,也在可卡因所致成瘾中起作用,这一作用与其与多巴胺受体的相互作用有关。长期使用可卡因可以导致多巴胺信号通路的降低,从而导致多巴胺的作用改变。此外,可卡因对大脑组织中的蛋白表达起着调节作用,而这些蛋白活性的改变,在可卡因导致的依赖性和成瘾性的发生中起着重要作用。可卡因作用后还可引起多巴胺能神经元的表型改变。因此,可卡因的作用机制十分复杂,本文主要总结了多巴胺在可卡因中的作用。
脂肪因子与糖尿病动脉粥样硬化相关性的研究进展

传统上,普遍认为脂肪组织为能源仓库,由于肥胖和代谢疾病发病率的迅速增加,脂肪组织也获得了巨大的研究价值,其分泌的脂肪因子除了调节脂肪存储和养分平衡,还参与了胰岛素抵抗(IR)、糖脂代谢、炎症调节等病理生理过程。21世纪,糖尿病已成为一种世界范围内的流行病,而其大血管并发症,即动脉粥样硬化所致的心脑血管疾病,是造成患者死亡的主要原因。本文旨在对糖尿病动脉粥样硬化作用较突出的部分脂肪因子作一综述,以阐述其对该病理过程的影响。
慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者ADAMTS-13的表达及与血栓前状态和炎症反应的关系

目的探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者ADAMTS-13的表达及与血栓前状态和炎症反应的关系。方法收集该院2013年1月至2014年12月收治的140例COPD患者的临床资料,其中70例急性加重期患者为加重组,70例稳定期患者为稳定组;另选取140例同期在我院行健康体检者作为对照组,其中70例吸烟者作为吸烟对照组,70例非吸烟者作为非吸烟对照组。比较四组研究者一般资料、血生化指标包括纤维蛋白原、C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素(IL)-6及血浆ADAMTS-13和vWF的水平。结果四组研究者吸烟指数比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),且在加重组、稳定组及吸烟对照组呈逐渐下降趋势;各组间肺功能指标FEV1%、FEV1以及FEV1/FVC%比较具有统计学差异(P<0.05),且在加重组、稳定组、吸烟对照组及非吸烟对照组表现为递增趋势。四组研究者纤维蛋白原、CRP及IL-6比较具有统计学差异(P<0.05),且在加重组、稳定组、吸烟对照组及非吸烟对照组均表现为下降趋势。四组研究者血浆vWF及ADAMTS-13比较具有统计学差异(P<0.05),且vWF在加重组、稳定组、吸烟对照组及非吸烟对照组表现为下降趋势,而ADAMTS-13在四组间表现为上升趋势。多重线性回归分析发现,COPD患者血浆ADAMTS-13水平与纤维蛋白原、CRP、IL-6及血浆vWF表现为明显负相关性(P<0.05)。结论COPD患者长期的炎症反应可能是造成其血浆ADAMTS-13水平下降的重要原因之一,而ADAMTS-13水平下降可造成vWF水平升高加重患者的血检前状态。
右美托咪定复合七氟烷对老年全麻手术患者血流动力学的影响

目的研究右美托咪定复合七氟烷对老年全麻手术患者血流动力学的影响。方法选取2012年10月至2014年10月该院收治的行择期全麻手术的老年患者100例,按照随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组,每组50例,研究组给予右美托咪定复合七氟烷麻醉,对照组给予生理盐水,测量两组患者诱导前(T0)、给药10 min(T1)、睫毛反射消失(T2)、意识消失(T3)、气管插管时(T4)及气管插管后3min(T5)时的平均动脉压和心率,并观察两组不良反应情况。结果研究组T1、T2和T3时平均动脉压和心率低于T0,与T0时比较无统计学意义(P>0.05);T4和T5时均高于T0,与T0时比较无统计学意义(P>0.05);对照组T1、T2和T3时平均动脉压和心率低于T0,与T0时比较无统计学意义(P>0.05),T4和T5显著高于T0,与T0时比较有统计学意义(P<0.05),与研究组比较差异显著(P<0.05);研究组不良反应发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论右美托咪定复合七氟烷用于老年全麻手术具有较好的麻醉效果,有利于患者血流动力学稳定,且不良反应少。
老年糖尿病肾病肾内动脉阻力指数异常与颈动脉粥样硬化的相关性

目的探讨老年糖尿病肾病(DN)患者肾内动脉阻力指数(RI)的异常改变与颈动脉粥样硬化之间的关系。方法选取该院2013年3月至2014年9月收治2型糖尿病(T2DM)DN患者116例,根据患者肾小球滤过率(eGFR)分组,eGFR<60 ml·min~(-1)·1.73 m~(-2)为A组(40例),60 ml·min~(-1)·1.73 m~(-2)≤eGFR<90 ml·min~(-1)·1.73 m~(-2)为B组(35例),eGFR≥90 ml·min~(-1)·1.73 m~(-2)为C组(41例),选择同期在我院进行健康体检者40例作为对照组(D组),分析各组之间RI以及颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT)、eGFR的关系,采用ROC获得诊断DN患者肾功能严重损害的RI截断参考值。结果四组RI和IMT呈正相关(r=0.55,P<0.05),RI与eGFR呈负相关(r=-0.42,P<0.05);四组间血管重构率比较存在差异(F=31.12,P<0.05),两两比较发现A组高于其他三组,B组高于C和D两组(P<0.05);血管重构类型比较发现负性重构中随eGFR降低出现增加趋势,但仅有A、B两组分别与D组间差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05);ROC结果显示,RI>0.726作为判定DN患者肾功能严重受损的阶段参考值,其敏感性为84.21%,特异性为89.43%。结论彩色多普勒超声获取肾内动脉RI能够反映DN患者肾脏局部微血管病变、颈动脉粥样硬化和血管重构程度,对患者病情的预测、肾脏损伤的早期诊断以及颈动脉粥样硬化的防治均有重要价值。
胰腺癌相关蛋白质的筛选及信号通路

目的探讨筛选与胰腺癌相关的蛋白质在胰腺癌发生、发展过程中的作用。方法使用蛋白质pathway array技术检测胰腺癌组织与正常胰腺组织内143种磷酸化和非磷酸化蛋白质的表达情况,找出其中差异表达的蛋白质。进一步采用信号传导网络分析(IPA)方法确定这些差异蛋白所涉及的信号传导通路。结果检测到12个差异表达的蛋白质,并确定了10条与胰腺癌相关的信号传导通路。结论这些差异表达的蛋白质及其涉及的信号传导通路与胰腺癌的发生、发展密切相关,对其进一步深入研究将有助于我们寻找胰腺癌诊断和治疗的靶点。
护理专业学生学习态度量表的修订

目的编制适合不同类型护理专业学生的学习态度量表,为护生学习态度的量性研究提供测量工具。方法采用分层随机抽样法,以“高护生学习态度问卷”为依据,对护理专业不同类型的学生进行问卷调查,对所得数据进行项目分析、因子分析和各维度间的相关性分析检验量表的科学性和合理性并进行修订。结果修订后量表将原问卷的23个条目删减为16个,分为学习兴趣、学习体验、学习习惯、专业认识4个维度。各维度和总量表的Cronbach'sα系数分别为0.806、0.827、0.866、0.845、0.860。4个公因子累积方差贡献率为59.039%。各因子载荷数为0.538~0.823。结论修订后的护理专业学生学习态度量表具有良好的信度和效度,适用于不同类型护理专业学生学习态度的量性研究。
腺垂体功能减退症患者的延续性健康管理

目的探讨延续性健康管理对提高腺垂体功能减退症患者服药依从性及生活质量的影响。方法将84例腺垂体功能减退症患者随机分为观察组和对照组各42例。对照组给予常规的饮食、活动、服药等健康指导;观察组在此基础上实施延续性健康管理,比较两组患者服药依从性及生活质量。结果出院3个月后两组服药依从性评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);观察组在躯体功能、躯体疼痛、社会功能等方面的生活质量评分显著高于对照组(均P<0.01)。结论延续性健康管理能够提高腺垂体功能减退症患者的服药依从性,改善疾病状态及整体健康水平,提高患者生活质量。
糖尿病患者预防心血管疾病健康信念量表的汉化及信效度研究

目的对心血管疾病健康信念量表(HBRCDS)进行汉化,并评价中文版HBRCDS的信效度。方法对英文版HBRCDS进行汉化,形成中文版HBRCDS并应用于520例糖尿病患者,对测定结果进行信效度分析。结果中文版HBRCDS总量表的Cronbach' sα系数为0.932,各维度的Cronbach'sα为0.805~0.963;分半信度系数r=0.764,量表的重测信度为0.804(P<0.01),各维度的重测信度为0.785~0.886(P<0.01)。因子分析共提取4个公因子,累积方差贡献率为73.713%,且各条目在其公因子上的因子载荷均大于0.4。结论中文版HBRCDS具有较好的信效度,可用于评价糖尿病患者的健康信念。
不同开口饵料对草鱼幼鱼生长及糖代谢的影响

碳水化合物是水产饲料三大能源中最廉价的饲料能源, 适当提高饲料中碳水化合物水平可以提高蛋白质的利用率, 节约饲料蛋白质和脂肪。近20年来, 关于鱼类糖营养的研究比较活跃, 在糖的生理功能、鱼类对饲料糖的利用特点、影响因素和需求量等方面都取得了一定的突破。与陆生动物相比, 鱼类对饲料中糖的利用能力较低。鱼类是先天性的糖尿病患者, 饲料中糖水平超过一定限度就会引发鱼类抗病力低、生长缓慢、死亡率高等症状。因此, 鱼类糖代谢及利用机理的研究已成为目前的研究热点。
Air Pollution or Global Warming: Attribution of Extreme Precipitation Changes in Eastern China—Comments on “Trends of Extreme Precipitation in Eastern China and Their Possible Causes”

The recent study “Trends of Extreme Precipitation in Eastern China and Their Possible Causes” attributed the observed decrease/increase of light/heavy precipitation in eastern China to global warming rather than the regional aerosol effects. However, there exist compelling evidence from previous long-term observations and numerical modeling studies, suggesting that anthropogenic pollution is closely linked to the recent changes in precipitation intensity because of considerably modulated cloud physical properties by aerosols in eastern China. Clearly, a quantitative assessment of the aerosol and greenhouse effects on the regional scale is required to identify the primary cause for the extreme precipitation changes.
福建省发现黑眉拟啄木鸟

2014年4月28日,南平市摄影家协会会员郑玉官在福建茫荡山国家级自然保护区拍摄到1只啄木鸟(图1),该鸟额、头顶黑色,后颈血红色,眼先有一小红点,耳羽天蓝色,颈有一天蓝色环带,翕、背、腰、尾上覆羽、尾羽深绿色。下体的颏和前喉金黄色,后喉为天蓝色,前颈和后颈一样为血红色;胸、腹、胁、两侧、尾下覆羽为浅绿色。虹膜呈暗红褐色;嘴铅黑色,嘴峰圆钝弯曲,不呈凿形,嘴须发达;脚暗灰色。对照关贯勋(2003)、方伟宏(2010)描述特征,经鉴定确认该鸟为黑眉拟啄木鸟海南亚种(Megalaima oortifaber),雄性。此鸟发现地(26°39'09.8"N,118°05'53.54"E,海拔100多米),生境为常绿阔叶林,拍摄时鸟站立于福建山樱花(Prunus campanulata)树上,并发现其取食福建山樱花的果实(封面照片)。