mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
“地下水污染监测与修复”专栏成果简评

如果说水是地球的血液,而地下水就是地球内脏中的血液,它作为人类自然资源的一部分,为全球的绝大部分人口提供着宝贵的水源,并支持农业和工业生产活动。我国约有2/3的人口以地下水为饮用水源,约有2/3的城市和部分农田以地下水为主要的供水水源,特别是我国北方地区在很大程度上其发展严重依赖于地下水的开采和利用。随着工农业的发展,地下水污染日趋严重。就污染的种类、污染的范围以及对人类的健康影响而言,地下水有机污染物列在所有污染物的首位。由于许多有机污染物具有致癌、致畸和致突变的“三致”作用而被世人瞩目。国内外在这一领域开展了大量工作,结果表明人类的生产、生活过程是导致地下水有机污染的主因,地质、水文地质条件、土地利用类型和人类活动强度是影响污染物在地下水中迁移的重要因素。《岩矿测试》是地球科学领域唯一专注于地质分析的期刊,近年来非常关注与地下水相关的分析测试技术成果的推广,陆续刊登了一系列与地下水污染调查—监测—评价和修复领域的文章,为地下水科学的发展奠定了基础。
氟比洛芬酯在局麻手术中的应用

氟比洛芬酯(flurbiprofen axetil)是利用脂微球即药物靶向技术生产的一种可以静脉注射的具有靶向镇痛作用的非甾体类抗炎药,国内、外多作为术后的单次镇痛和癌痛的治疗。我科2006年7月-2011年6月收治各种植皮、局部转移皮瓣和锁骨骨折手术患者120例,其中80例术前术中运用氟比洛芬酯静脉滴注,临床效果满意。现报道如下。
儿童幽门螺杆菌感染的临床药物治疗及疗效分析

儿童作为一个特殊的群体,由于其生理及心理尚未发育成熟,对外来致病因素的防御能力及防御意识不够,成为肠道疾病的易感群体。儿童消化道疾病与幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染有关,并且其感染率有随着年龄增加的趋势。本研究对我院Hp感染的患儿所采用的两种不同治疗方案进行疗效分析,现报道如下。
Leica RTK在送电线路中的应用

一、引言众所周知,传统的送电线路测量大多利用全站仪、经纬仪进行,GPS定位刚刚应用时采用的定位技术是静态或快速静态等方法,并通过软件后处理来求出结果,但无论哪种方法工作效率都很低,结果不能实时显示,都需要回归内业处理,一旦出现问题有可能会返测,这样就造成了人力、物力、财力上的浪费,而且影响工程进度及效益。RTK技术则避免了这方面的问题的发生,出现问题可以及时发现问题,解决问题。
AGS中地图缓存性能优化

介绍地图缓存的技术原理,以及ArcGIS Server中创建地图缓存的方法和流程等,并结合实际工作,提出数据质量控制、比例尺优化、地图切片优化、多地图服务叠加等一系列提升地图缓存性能的优化方案。
Skyline三维地籍房籍管理系统的设计

三维GIS具有多维信息处理、表达和分析的特点,可以为地籍与房籍管理和决策提供强有力的GIS支持。简要介绍Skyline系列软件各部分的主要功能,分析基于Skyline开发三维GIS的前提,即数据的生产和发布。结合Skyline三维地籍房籍管理系统的设计,着重叙述三维操作、图层管理、三维查询、决策分析等关键功能的实现过程。
基于抗差估计的坐标重心化转换模型

基于坐标重心化原理和抗差估计理论,研究基于抗差估计的坐标重心化转换模型。抗差估计方法能探测出公共点数据中的粗差,而坐标重心化转换模型可有效地解决法方程的病态问题,将这两种方法进行有机结合,建立基于抗差估计的坐标重心化转换模型。试验结果表明,该模型可明显提高坐标转换的精度及可靠性。
面向对象方法的路面线性裂缝识别与测量方法研究

研究面向对象图像处理技术的路面线性裂缝自动识别方法。分析传统方法的缺陷,提出采用面向对象技术分析对象的几何特征(极限误差理论、扁率、方向、面积)约束条件,实施串行滤波筛选候选对象,实现路面线性裂缝的自动识别,并自动计算裂缝的长度与宽度。试验结果表明,该方法具有较高的稳定性和有效性。
Dynamics Evolution Investigation of Mack Mode Instability in a Hypersonic Boundary Layer by Bicoherence Spectrum Analysis

The instability of a hypersonic boundary layer on a cone is investigated by bicoherence spectrum analysis. The experiment is conducted at Mach number 6 in a hypersonic wind tunnel. The time series signals of instantaneous fluctuating surface-thermal-flux are measured by Pt-thin-film thermocouple temperature sensors mounted at 28 stations on the cone surface along streamwise direction to investigate the development of the unstable disturbances. The bicoherence spectrum analysis based on wavelet transform is employed to investigate the nonlinear interactions of the instability of Mack modes in hypersonic laminar boundary layer transition. The results show that wavelet bicoherence is a powerful tool in studying the unstable mode nonlinear interaction of hypersonic laminar-turbulent transition. The first mode instability gives rise to frequency shifts to higher unstable modes at the early stage of hypersonic laminar-turbulent transition. The modulations subsequently lead to the second mode instability occurrence. The second mode instability governs the last stage of instability and final breakdown to turbulence with multi-scale disturbances growth.
Energy-Crossing and Its Effect on Lifetime of the 4s~24p ~2P_(3/2) Level for Highly Charged Ga-Like Ions

The multi-configuration Dirac-Fock method is employed to calculate the energy levels and transition probabilities for the electric dipole allowed (E1) and forbidden (M1, E2) lines for the 4s~24p, 4s~4p~2 and 4s~24d configurations of highly charged Ga-like ions from Z = 68-95. The lifetimes of the 4s~24p ~2P_(3/2) level of the ground configuration are also derived. Based on our calculations, it is found that the energy level of the 4s~24p ~2P_(3/2) is higher than that of the 4s~4p2 ~4P_(1/2) for the high-Z Ga-like ions with Z ≥ 74, so as to generate an energy crossing at Z = 74. The effect of the energy crossing is important to the calculation of the 4s~24p ~2P_(3/2) level lifetime for Ga-like ions with Z ≥ 74.
Scatter correction for cone-beam computed tomography using self-adaptive scatter kernel superposition

The authors propose a combined scatter reduction and correction method to improve image quality in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). The scatter kernel superposition (SKS) method has been used occasionally in previous studies. However, this method differs in that a scatter detecting blocker (SDB) was used between the X-ray source and the tested object to model the self-adaptive scatter kernel. This study first evaluates the scatter kernel parameters using the SDB, and then isolates the scatter distribution based on the SKS. The quality of image can be improved by removing the scatter distribution. The results show that the method can effectively reduce the scatter artifacts, and increase the image quality. Our approach increases the image contrast and reduces the magnitude of cupping. The accuracy of the SKS technique can be significantly improved in our method by using a self-adaptive scatter kernel. This method is computationally effcient, easy to implement, and provides scatter correction using a single scan acquisition.
血压变异性,越低越好吗?

血压变异性(blood pressure variability,BPV)是个老问题。自人类开始探索血压奥秘之时便认识到血压是在不停地波动着,这在本质上就是对BPV认识的开始。但此后相当长的时间内由于血压研究领域中存在的许多更迫切等待解决的问题,BPV的秘密一直没有被揭开。近30年来,虽然对BPV的重要性有所认识,但也远未得到充分的重视。
Assessment of the Performance of WEPP in Purple Soil Area with Simulated Rainfall Experiments

The water erosion prediction project(WEPP) model is a popular water erosion prediction tool developed on the basis of the physical processes of water erosion.Although WEPP has been widely used around the world,its application in China is still insufficient.In this study,the performance of WEPP used to estimate the runoff and soil loss on purple soil(Calcaric Regosols in FAO taxonomy) sloping cropland was assessed with the data from runoff plots under simulated rainfall conditions.Based on measured soil properties,runoff and erosion parameters,namely effective hydraulic conductivity,inter-rill erodibility,rill erodibility,and critical shear stress were determined to be 2.68 mm h-1,5.54 × 106 kg s-1 m 4,0.027 s m 1 and 3.5 Pa,respectively,by using the recommended equations in the WEPP user manual.The simulated results were not good due to the low Nash efficiency of 0.41 for runoff and negative Nash efficiency for soil loss.After the four parameters were calibrated,WEPP performed better for soil loss prediction with a Nash efficiency of 0.76.The different results indicated that the equations recommended by WEPP to calculate parameters such as erodiblity and critical shear stress are not suitable for the purple soil areas,Sichuan Province,China.Although the predicted results can be accepted by optimizing the runoff and erosion parameters,more research related to the determination of erodibility and critical sheer stress must be conducted to improve the application of WEPP in the purple soil areas.
Hydrochemical Characteristics and Solute Dynamics of Meltwater Runoff of Urumqi Glacier No.1,Eastern Tianshan,Northwest China

Hydrochemical characteristics and solute dynamics of bulk meltwater draining from Urumqi Glacier No.1 were investigated in years 2006 and 2007.The glacial meltwater was slightly alkaline with the mean pH of 7.64 and 7.61 in 2006 and 2007,respectively.In the meltwater,the dominant anions were the bicarbonate and sulphate,and the dominant cation was calcium.The concentration of major cations were varied as c(Ca~(2+)) > c(Mg~(2+)) > c(K+) > c(Na~+),while the order for the cations was c(HCO_3) > c(SO_4~(2-)) > c(NO)3~-) > c(Cl).The total dissolved solids(TDS) in meltwater had inverse relationships with the diurnal discharge.The major ion composition of meltwater was mainly controlled by rock weathering as inferred from the Gibbs model.Furthermore,the ion ratios and Piper diagram indicated that the main processes controlling the meltwater chemistry were carbonate weathering,pyrite weathering and feldspar weathering in rocks,and Ca~(2+) and HCO_3~- were the dominant ions during the carbonate weathering process.Solute flux calculation at Glacier No.1 station suggested that chemical denudation rates were 11.46 and 13.90 ton.km 2.yr 1 in 2006 and 2007,respectively.
伪狂犬病病毒Us3基因编码蛋白的功能研究进展

伪狂犬病病毒(Pseudorabies virus,PRV)Us3基因编码丝/苏蛋白激酶(Us3PK)。最近研究表明Us3PK与介导病毒抗宿主细胞凋亡关系密切,Us3PK诱导的宿主细胞形态学变化与病毒在细胞间的传播能力密切相关。近年来还发现Us3PK通过磷酸化细胞内效应蛋白调控病毒自身的复制,影响病毒核衣壳的包裹,干扰MHCI抗原呈递途径等,本文主要介绍Us3PK在病毒侵染细胞动力学中的作用,综述Us3PK在病毒与宿主细胞互作中的功能研究进展。
Osteopontin increases hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth in a CD44 dependant manner

AIM:To investigate the role of osteopontin(OPN) and its splice variants in the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS:The expression of OPN variants in HCC cell lines as well as HCC tissue samples and nontumour tissue was studied using polymerase chain reaction.OPN variant cDNAs were cloned into a mammalian expression vector allowing both transient expression and the production of stable OPN expressing cell lines.OPN expression was studied in these cells using Western blotting,immunofluoresnce and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.A CD44 blocking antibody and siRNA targeting of CD44 were used to examine the role of this receptor in the OPN stimulated cell growth observed in culture.Huh-7 cells stably expressing either OPN-A,-B or-C were injected subcutaneously into the flanks of nude mice to observe in vivo tumour growth.Expression of OPN mRNA and protein in these tumours was examined using reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry.RESULTS:OPN is expressed in HCC in 3 forms,the full length OPN-A and 2 splice variants OPN-B and-C.OPN variant expression was noted in HCC tissue as well as cognate surrounding cirrhotic liver tissue.Expression of these OPN variants in the HCC derived cell line Huh-7 resulted in secretion of OPN into the culture medium.Transfer of OPN conditioned media to na ve Huh-7 and HepG2 cells resulted in significant cell growth suggesting that all OPN variants can modulate cell proliferation in a paracrine manner.Furthermore the OPN mediated increase in cellular proliferation was dependent on CD44 as only CD44 positive cell lines responded to OPN conditioned media while siRNA knockdown of CD44 blocked the proliferative effect.OPN expression also increased the proliferation of Huh-7 cells in a subcutaneous nude mouse tumour model,with Huh-7 cells expressing OPN-A showing the greatest proliferative effect.CONCLUSION:This study demonstrates that OPN plays a significant role in the proliferation of HCC through interaction with the cell surface receptor CD44.Modulation of this interaction could represent a novel strategy for the control of HCC.
Mechanisms of inclusion evolution and intra-granular acicular ferrite formation in steels containing rare earth elements

Inclusion characteristic and microstructure of rare earth (RE) elements containing steel were evaluated with scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), element-mapping, optical microscopy (OM), and automated feature analysis (AFA) option equipped with ASPEX PSEM. Factsage was used to calculate the equilibrium inclusion composition. Based on the calculation, an inclusion evolution mechanism was proposed. Furthermore, line scanning analysis was used to elucidate the intra-granular acicular ferrite (IAF) nucleation mechanism. The result showed that two different inclusions exist in sample steel: (Mn-Al-Si-Ti-La-Ce-O) +MnS complex inclusion and isolated MnS inclusion. Almost all nucleation sites for IAF are complex inclusions, while single MnS inclusion cannot induce IAF. A possible formation mechanism of complex inclusion is proposed based on calculated results using Factsage, which agrees well with experimental results. A Mn-depletion zone (MDZ) which exists adjacent to the (Mn-Al-Si-Ti-La-Ce-O) +MnS complex inclusion can account for the IAF formation. However, the low volume fraction (1.49×10~(-7)) of effective inclusion may result in only 10% (volume fraction) IAF.
Electrochemical Treatment of Distillery Spent Wash Using Aluminum and Iron Electrodes

Electrochemical treatment of distillery spent wash was carried out using different combinations of aluminum and iron electrodes in batch mode of operation.The spent wash was characterized for various parameters as per standard method of analysis and the treatment results were analyzed in terms of chemical oxygen demand(COD) removal efficiency of the spent wash.The experiments were performed to study the effect of operating parameters such as current density,pH of the spent wash,agitation speed,electrolysis time and the distance between the electrodes on the COD removal efficiency of the spent wash.It was observed that aluminum electrodes were more suitable for treatment of distillery spent wash as compared to iron electrodes.The maximum COD removal efficiency of 81.3% was obtained with Al-Al electrodes at the current density of 0.187 A·cm-2 and pH 3 for an electrolysis time of 2 h.
Modelling and Fixed Bed Column Adsorption of Cr(Ⅵ) onto Orthophosphoric Acid-activated Lignin

The advantage of using an available and abundant residual biomass,such as lignin,as a raw material for activated carbons is that it provides additional economical interest to the technical studies.In the current investigation,a more complete understanding of adsorption of Cr(VI) from aqueous systems onto H3PO4-acid activated lignin has been achieved via microcolumns,which were operated under various process conditions.The practice of using microcolumn is appropriate for defining the adsorption parameters and for screening a large number of potential adsorbents.The effects of solution pH(2-8),initial metal ion concentration(0.483-1.981 mmol·L~(-1)),flow rate(1.0-3.1 cm3·min-1),ionic strength(0.01-0.30 mmol·L~(-1)) and adsorbent mass(0.11-0.465 g) on Cr(VI) adsorption were studied by assessing the microcolumn breakthrough curve.The microcolumn data were fitted by the Thomas model,the modified Dose model and the BDST model.As expected,the adsorption capacity increased with initial Cr(VI) concentration.High linear flow rates,pH values and ionic strength led to early breakthrough of Cr(VI).The model constants obtained in this study can be used for the design of pilot scale adsorption process.
X-STR分型在特殊二联体亲子鉴定中的应用1例

在日常鉴定工作中，二联体亲子鉴定占私人委托鉴定的比例较大，由于所采用的检验系统存在系统效能不足等缺点，在进行鉴定时存在着一定风险。尤其对于只有父亲参与的二联体亲子鉴定，由于缺少孩子生母的遗传信息，当被检父与生父存在血缘关系时，会严重影响亲子鉴定的准确度，大大提高误判的可能性。所以二联体亲子鉴定是亲子鉴定研究领域的难点。
X-STR分型用于祖孙关系鉴定1例

X-STR分型在法医个人识别和亲子鉴定中作为常染色体STR的有效补充，在某些特殊案件中发挥了重要的作用~([8])。祖母-孙女关系鉴定是常见的亲缘关系鉴定类别之一，对于此类鉴定，常规的策略是依据常染色体STR分型结果，采用ITO法从血缘一致性（identity by descent，IBD）等位基因的角度去评价存在祖母-孙女关系可能性的大小。但是，随着X-STR分型技术的发展，为此类案件提供了有效的辅助鉴定工具。
Top-level modeling theory of multi-discipline virtual prototype

Multi-disciplinary virtual prototypes of complex products are increasingly and widely used in modern advanced manufacturing.How to effectively address the problems of unified modeling,composition and reuse based on the multi-disciplinary heterogeneous models has brought great challenges to the modeling and simulation(M&S) science and technology.This paper presents a top-level modeling theory based on the meta modeling framework(M2F) of the COllaborative SIMulation(COSIM) theory of virtual prototyping to solve the problems.Firstly the fundamental principles of the top-level modeling theory are decribed to expound the premise,assumptions,basic conventions and special requirements in the description of complex heterogeneous systems.Next the formalized definitions for each factor in top level modeling are proposed and the hierarchical nature of them is illustrated.After demonstrating that they are self-closing,this paper divides the toplevel modeling into two views,static structural graph and dynamic behavioral graph.Finally,a case study is discussed to demonstrate the feasibility of the theory.
Combustion Irreversibilities: Numerical Simulation and Analysis

An exergy analysis was performed considering the combustion of methane and agro-industrial residues produced in Portugal (forest residues and vines pruning). Regarding that the irreversibilities of a thermodynamic process are path dependent, the combustion process was considering as resulting from different hypothetical paths each one characterized by four main sub-processes: reactant mixing, fuel oxidation, internal thermal energy exchange (heat transfer), and product mixing. The exergetic efficiency was computed using a zero dimensional model developed by using a Visual Basic home code. It was concluded that the exergy losses were mainly due to the internal thermal energy exchange sub-process. The exergy losses from this sub-process are higher when the reactants are preheated up to the ignition temperature without previous fuel oxidation. On the other hand, the global exergy destruction can be minored increasing the pressure, the reactants temperature and the oxygen content on the oxidant stream. This methodology allows the identification of the phenomena and processes that have larger exergy losses, the understanding of why these losses occur and how the exergy changes with the parameters associated to each system which is crucial to implement the syngas combustion from biomass products as a competitive technology.
6470例TCT检测结果分析

定期妇科检查是早期发现子宫颈癌的重要举措。近年来液基薄层细胞制片术得到了普遍关注并应用于临床。本医院对2008年1月至2009年12月前来就诊的6 470例妇女采用液基薄层细胞制片术进行宫颈癌筛查,结果报告如下。
太湖蓝藻密度消长的规律分析

2007年7月15日至10月31日,依据贡湖锡东、贡湖沙渚、梅梁湖小湾里的蓝藻密度逐日资料,利用定性分析和定量分析的方法研究蓝藻密度的日际变化特征。结果表明:贡湖锡东、贡湖沙渚和梅梁湖小湾里蓝藻密度均有显著的周期性变化,贡湖锡东的周期为准3 d、贡湖沙渚3~4 d、梅梁湖小湾里为准4 d,三者共同周期为3~4 d。
基于土壤理化性状的北京市檀木港采石场工程恢复效果分析

土壤理化性状的改善是矿山生态恢复最重要的基础。针对北京市檀木港关停废弃采石场的未被干扰区域、修复区域、被破坏区域土壤理化性状的测定和分析表明:修复区域的土壤理化性状综合效应同未被干扰区域、被破坏区域存在显著性差异,工程恢复有效改善了恢复区域的土壤理化性状。单因子假设检验显示土壤pH值及有机质、全氮性状是该矿区下一步恢复的重点目标。
太湖流域典型农田系统土壤中磷的流失

针对太湖周边典型农田磷流失污染情况,在太湖稻麦轮作区内选取试验田块开展5个施磷肥处理水平下农田磷素流失情况研究。结果表明,随着施磷量的增加,水稻籽粒和茎秆中的磷含量呈现出小范围波动,当施磷超过一定量后,单一地增施磷肥并不能提高产量;水稻籽粒和茎秆当季带走的磷素平均为26.08、27.44 kg/hm~2;过量施用磷素会显著增加表层(0~20 cm)土壤的磷素含量,加大磷素的径流和淋溶损失;水稻季由径流损失的总磷量约1.6~6.9 kg/hm~2,施磷量的增加显著增加了磷素的径流流失量。因此,从保证产量和保护环境的角度出发,建议将施磷量控制在90 kg/hm~2以下。
无机盐对月季玛利亚的采后保鲜效应研究

为了探讨无机盐对切花月季延缓衰老的效应,以月季玛利亚为材料,在确定有较好延缓衰老效果的保鲜剂处理浓度和处理时间上,进行了瓶插期间鲜重变化、水分平衡的生理指标测定。结果表明:0.040%NaCl、0.006%CaCl_2、0.006%ZnCl_2的瓶插寿命分别比对照延长了7、6、6 d。3种无机盐中,0.040%NaCl的保鲜效应最明显,其次为0.006%CaCl_2和0.006%ZnCl_2。通过对切花花枝鲜重和水分平衡的指标测量及分析可知,切花瓶插寿命的延长与花枝鲜重和水分平衡密切相关。
甘薯重金属及农药残留的测定与食用安全分析

为确定不同品种甘薯的重金属及农药残留含量,采用原子吸收光谱法和气相色谱法,分别测定了9种甘薯块根及相关土壤中7种重金属与4种农药残留含量。发现在相同条件下,绵粉1号含Pb达到692μg/kg,分别是其他品种的57.6~6.4倍;绵薯5号含Cd量是110μg/kg,分别是其他品种的6.87~1.38倍,是土壤含Cd量的17.9%;南紫薯008吸收六六六、滴滴涕、甲氰菊酯的量超过其他8个品种,分别是土壤相应农残含量的63.6%、125%、111%。根据国家无公害农产品质量标准,绵粉1号与绵薯5号、绵薯8号、绵薯4号分别Pb、Cd超标。考虑食用安全,应优选较少吸收重金属及农药残留品种食用和综合开发。
HS-SPME-GC-MS分析短梗五加挥发性成分

采用顶空固相微萃取(HS-SPME)和气质联用(GC-MS)技术分析了短梗五加中挥发性成分。结果表明,短梗五加果中有56种挥发性成分,其中萜烯类25种、醇类7种、烷类6种、酯类5种、醛类3种、酮类3种、酸类1种,其它挥发性物质6种。萜烯类成分占总挥发性成分的73.64%,其中石竹烯、γ-榄香烯等具有较好的药用活性。
壳寡糖在平菇生产中的应用

从液体菌种制备及栽培生长方面对壳寡糖在平菇生产中的作用影响进行研究。结果表明,0.001 mg/mL(g)壳寡糖明显促进了平菇液体菌种的萌发及菌丝的生长,同时显著提高了栽培中平菇菌丝纤维素酶的活力,促进了平菇的栽培生长;而0.1 mg/mL(g)壳寡糖则对平菇液体菌种萌发、纤维素酶活力及菌丝生长表现出明显的抑制作用。
微生态制剂对东北淡水养殖池塘内浮游植物的影响

随着人们对抗生素危害的日渐关注,绿色无残留的微生态制剂越来越广泛地被应用于水产动物养殖中。选用2种常用微生物制剂(制剂Ⅰ和Ⅱ),分别对黑龙江省、吉林省及辽宁省淡水鱼养殖场进行投喂、泼洒及混用实验,并以池塘内浮游植物作为水质改良的标志物,对2种微生态制剂在东北三省淡水养殖池塘内水质改良的作用进行评价。通过对东北三省淡水鱼类主要养殖季节7—9月浮游植物的监测调查发现,分离鉴定的浮游植物分属7个门类,分别为绿藻门、硅藻门、蓝藻门、裸藻门、隐藻门、黄藻门和甲藻门;各省淡水养殖池塘中浮游植物门类丰富度为:辽宁省(7门)>吉林省(6门)>黑龙江省(5门),均属于中-富营养型(β-α-ms)水体。2种微生态制剂在调节水质、改善水环境方面均有一定程度作用,且Ⅰ制剂在调节水体富营养化方面表现出良好的应用效果。
不同浓度NaCl胁迫对樱桃番茄幼苗光合特性的影响

为了从光合特性的角度探讨樱桃番茄对NaCl胁迫的响应机理,以耐盐性差异显著的2个樱桃番茄品种京丹5号和小圆枣为材料,研究不同浓度的NaCl胁迫对樱桃番茄幼苗光合特性的影响。结果显示:51 mmol/L NaCl胁迫15 d后,耐盐性不同的2个樱桃番茄品种的蒸腾速率和气孔限制值的差异相对较大。说明NaCl胁迫下,气孔因素是限制樱桃番茄幼苗光合作用的主要因素。
水分胁迫对新单29玉米幼苗生理特性的影响

采用水培试验,研究了水分胁迫对新单29玉米幼苗生理特性的影响。结果表明,水分胁迫显著降低了新单29幼苗的叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量,显著增加了叶绿素a/b、叶片可溶性糖和脯氨酸含量、根系活力及根叶丙二醛含量。试验结果说明,水分胁迫降低了新单29幼苗的光合能力,对其造成了氧化胁迫。新单29幼苗则通过增加渗透调节物质含量和根系活力,提高其自身对水分胁迫的适应性。
苯基三甲基溴化胺对小麦幼苗生长和抗氧化能力的影响

采用不同浓度的苯基三甲基溴化胺(PTMAC)对济麦22进行种子处理和叶面喷施处理。结果表明:与对照相比,不同浓度PTMAC对幼苗鲜重、干重、叶绿素含量、光合速率、SOD活性和CAT活性都有影响,其中最适宜的PTMAC浓度为20 mg/L,且在适宜浓度的PTMAC作用下,能大大地提高非胁迫条件下小麦的抗氧化能力,促进其生长。
拔节期追氮对小麦百农矮抗58旗叶光合色素含量的影响

以黄淮流域大面积推广的冬小麦品种百农矮抗58为材料,通过浸提法测定小麦在拔节期不同追氮水平下旗叶叶绿体色素的含量。试验结果表明,在一定范围内,拔节期追施氮肥可提高旗叶中的叶绿体色素含量。与对照相比,追施氮肥量相对较多的处理N_3,其旗叶叶片含有较多的叶绿素,在花后0 d最明显,其中N_3与N_0处理相差1.72 mg/g。说明在拔节期适当追氮可以提高叶绿素含量,增强光合作用。
外源水杨酸对水稻幼苗耐寒性的影响

为明确用水杨酸(SA)预处理提高水稻幼苗耐寒性的作用。在低温(6℃)胁迫前24 h用0.5 mmol/L SA预处理水稻幼苗。结果表明:叶面喷施SA预处理能降低膜透性,提高脯氨酸含量、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质及总蛋白质含量,提高SOD,POD,GR等抗氧化酶的活性和增加抗氧化剂和GSH含量,及时清除低温所引起的植物体内积累的活性氧,保持活性氧产生与清除的动态平衡,降低电解质外渗率和MDA含量,减轻低温胁迫对水稻幼苗的伤害,提高水稻幼苗的耐寒性。
5龄家蚕乙酰胆碱酯酶基因的转录水平

乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)是有机磷和氨基甲酸酯类物质的作用靶酶。通过半定量PCR的方法测定家蚕4龄眠到上蔟期的2种ace基因的表达量,并测定该时期家蚕的AChE活性,以及5龄3 d各组织中2种ace基因的表达量。结果表明,ace1基因在4龄眠到5龄第2天,第6天到第8天的转录表达量较多,第3天到第5天表达量相对较少;ace2基因在4龄眠期转录表达量多,进入5龄后,转录表达量减少且隔天转录表达量大致相同。在5龄中期和后期,AChE各具有1个峰值。5龄3 d,ace1基因在脂肪体、脑、卵巢中的转录表达量多,在其他组织中表达量较少,其中在血液中最少,ace2基因在脂肪体、精巢、卵巢中转录表达量多,在其他组织中表达量较少。
豫中烟区烟草NC297不同留叶水平的光合生理特性

以烟草品种NC297为材料,分析研究了其4个留叶水平旺长期光合作用光响应曲线差异。结果表明,随着光照强度的增大,各留叶水平净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率均呈现出开始增加较快,随后趋于缓和的趋势,不同留叶水平胞间CO_2浓度变化趋势与之相反,而留24片叶表现出最终胞间CO_2浓度最低;在光响应曲线特征参数方面,留24片叶具有较低的光补偿点和较高的光饱和点,有效光合辐射的范围较宽,表现出较强的弱光利用能力和强光利用潜力,并且留24片叶表观量子产额、最大净光合速率均最高,说明留24片叶处理光合能力较强,光能利用较好,这可能与不同留叶水平导致的叶片大小、叶片厚度、叶面积指数不同有很大关系。
美国农业社会化服务现状及其对我国的启示

发达完善的农业社会化服务体系是美国实现农业现代化的基础和前提。从美国农业社会化服务现状和特征来看,美国农业社会化服务已经形成全程覆盖,建立起分工明确的组织体系,市场机制在发挥积极作用。我国建立新型农业社会化服务体系坚持以农户服务需求为核心,在服务供给主体、服务内容和服务对象三方面建设上突出重点,分步推进是比较理性的选择。
黄精叶钩吻愈伤组织诱导研究

以珍稀濒危植物黄精叶钩吻为材料,研究不同外植体和激素配比对愈伤组织诱导的影响。结果表明,0.1%HgCl_2为最佳灭菌剂;茎段出愈率高,为愈伤组织诱导的最佳外植体;诱导茎段产生愈伤组织的最佳培养基为MS+1.5 mg/L KT+0.5 mg/L NAA,诱导的愈伤组织量大、颜色翠绿、质地致密。
海滨木巴戟愈伤组织诱导及植株再生

以海滨木巴戟试管苗的根为外植体,在添加不同浓度6-BA的MS培养基上离体培养。结果表明:最适合的愈伤组织诱导培养基是MS+1.5 mg/L 6-BA,诱导出的愈伤组织多数为土黄色,颗粒状,硬度适中;最适合愈伤组织继代的培养基也是MS+1.5 mg/L 6-BA,成活率达91.25%;在6-BA浓度为1.0、1.5 mg/L的培养基中,发芽率分别为24.13%、23.64%;愈伤组织上诱导出的芽可长成健壮植株。
Cerium toxicity,uptake and translocation in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings

Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings were cultivated in 0-500μmol/L of extraneous cerium(Ce)for 7 d to investigate the toxicity,uptake and translocation of rare earth elements(REEs).The results showed that Ce could be largely absorbed by the roots of A.thaliana and translocated to the shoots.But the uptake rates of Ce by the roots were much higher than the translocation rates from roots to shoots.Ultra-structural analysis revealed that Ce was mainly distributed on the cell wall.At higher concentration,Ce could also enter cell,destroy the ultra-structure of cells and disturb the intrinsic balance of nutrient elements of A.thaliana.Addition of Ce(50-500μmol/L)to the culture medium significantly inhibited the elongation of primary roots,decreased chlorophyll content,rosette diameter and fresh mass of plants.The damage increased with the increase of Ce concentration in culture medium,although primary root elongation,chlorophyll content,and rosette diameter were stimulated by relatively low concentration(0.5μmol/L)of Ce.Thus,it is speculated that REEs may become a new type contamination if we don’t well control the release of REEs into the environment.
提高全自动免疫组化仪制片质量的相关细节

为确保免疫组化染色结果的重复性和真实性，现代病理工作者已逐渐将目光转向高品质的全自动免疫组化仪，但自动化染色也可能产生一些假象。我们在使用美国BenchMark XT全自动免疫组化仪后总结了针对提高制片质量的几点建议，与大家共同探讨。
高产优质杂交油菜新品种荣华油6号的选育

油菜杂种优势利用是我国油菜品种改良最重要的育种途径,本品种以玻里玛胞质不育系为背景材料,通过系统改良不育系和恢复系的综合性状与配合力,选育出优质、高产、早熟、抗性强的杂交油菜新组合,以满足南通市油菜生产对早熟矮杆优质杂交油菜品种的需求。荣华油6号由不育系20 A与恢复系C 4 R配制而成,2011年通过江苏省农作物品种审定委员会审定。该品种在2008~2009年江苏省油菜两年区域试验中平均产量为215.4 kg/667 m~2,较对照秦优7号增产7.2%,商品菜籽芥酸平均含量0.2%,每饼硫甙平均含量30.6μmol/g,平均含油率41.7%。荣华油6号是一个株高较矮、角果较多、产量较高、适合于直播的杂交油菜新品种,具有较高的推广应用价值。
早熟莜麦新品种冀张莜12号的选育与高产栽培技术

利用核不育莜麦ZY基因为桥梁品种,采取多亲本聚合杂交法,培育成早熟、大粒、丰产、抗旱、耐瘠、品质优,并可做为免秋耕防风固沙耕作技术配套用的莜麦品种冀张莜12号。该品种千粒重25.31 g,生育期81 d左右,株高112.6 cm,粗蛋白含量16.81%,粗脂肪含量10.53%,一般旱地种植籽实产量为2 807.56 kg/hm~2,比同类主栽品种花早2号增产12.58%,秸草产量比品五号增产21.66%,2011年通过鉴定(冀张鉴字068号)。
马尾松种子园生产技术研究

目的:探索提高马尾松种子园产量的生产技术。方法:采用化学防治方法、物理防治方法、The NPAR1WAY方法、t检验和卡方检验等方法。结果:经过防治后,其虫株率、虫稍率和虫果率分别从100%,77.22%和92.26%下降到61.33%,10.00%和4.17%,且产量由2005年的3 750 kg迅速提升至2007年的8 500 kg;不同无性系之间,在不同年度结实量差异极显著;在28个无性系胸径生长和结实量之间,不存在显著的相关关系;当郁闭度分别为0.6和0.9时,采种母树平均结实层效率分别为77.64%和56.22%;球果结实量与种子产量之间,存在极显著的正相关关系;施肥与球果产量和种子产量之间,不存在显著的相关关系;授粉量与球果出种率之间,不存在显著的相关关系;花粉量与种子效率之间,存在显著的正相关关系。结论:加强重要害虫防治、入园材料的选择、郁闭度控制、田间施肥、花粉管理等技术,是提高马尾松种子园产量的主要措施。
药剂拌种对棉花种子低温萌发和成苗的影响

以4种不同药剂处理的棉花种子为试验材料,研究了在低温胁迫和不同水分梯度条件下,不同药剂拌种对棉花种子萌发和苗期生长的影响。结果表明,药剂拌种能提高棉花种子出苗率、发芽指数和活力指数,同时能促进苗期棉花生长。与18.6%拌福乙种衣剂相比,用18.6%拌福乙种衣剂+NAA+GA拌种,棉花种子出苗率提高3.3~14.7个百分点,发芽指数提高5.3%~24.4%,活力指数提高34.4%~39.3%,棉花苗期生物量提高11.6%~27.7%。综上所述,低温胁迫下,用18.6%拌福乙种衣剂+NAA+GA拌种能有效促进棉花种子的萌发和生长。