mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Morphological characteristics and genetic differentiation of Lutraria maxima in coast waters offsoutheast China

To explore genetic diversity and estimate the genetic differences among populations of Lutraria maxima in the coastal waters offsouth to southeast China,the morphology of the species of five different geographical populations (Beihai,Weizhou Island,Zhanjiang,Xiamen,and Fuzhou) in Guangxi,Guangdong,and Fujian provinces was studied statistically in combination with the microsatellite markers.As revealed by morphological principal component analysis (PCA),the cumulative contribution rate of the first three principal components was 72.596%.The discrimination accuracy ranged from 47.5% to 80.0%,and the scatter plots of principal component and discriminant analysis were consistent in overall,showing that the Xiamen and Fuzhou populations were overlapped obviously.For microsatellite markers,10 pairs of polymorphic primers were obtained by high-throughput transcriptome sequencing,and used for genetic diversity analysis.It was showed that the average number of alleles and effective alleles observed in each population ranged from 8.100 to 10.900,and from 3.497 to 4.228,respectively.The average observed heterozygosity (H_o) and expected heterozygosity (H_e) in the five populations ranged from 0.541 to 0.615,and from 0.642 to 0.733,respectively.The genetic distance (DA) ranged from 0.078 to 0.523,and the population genetic differentiation index (F_(ST)) ranged from 0.027 to 0.139.The unweighted pair-population method with arithmetic means (UPGMA) and structure analysis showed that the five populations could be divided into two main clusters,the Beibu Gulf group (Beihai and Weizhou Island) and the Southeast China Sea group (Zhanjiang,Xiamen,and Fuzhou),suggesting that L.maxima has been separated geographically by the barrier of the Leizhou Peninsula into two groups in evolution,which provided us with a scientific clue to better protect the bioresource and establish an appropriate fishery management stocks for L.maxima populations in south China.
Bio-inspired cryptosystem on the reciprocal domain: DNA strands mutate to secure health data

Healthcare and telemedicine industries are relying on technology that is connected to the Internet. Digital health data are more prone to cyber attacks because of the treasure trove of personal data they possess. This necessitates protection of digital medical images and their secure transmission. In this paper, an encryption technique based on DNA mutated with Lorenz and Lu chaotic attractors is employed to generate high pseudo-random key streams. The proposed chaos-DNA cryptic system operates on the integer wavelet transform (IWT) domain and a bio-inspired crossover, mutation unit for enhancing the confusion and diffusion phase in an approximation coefficient. Finally, an XOR operation is performed with a quantised chaotic set from the developed combined attractors. The algorithm attains an average entropy of 7.9973, near-zero correlation with an NPCR of 99.642%, a UACI of 33.438%, and a keyspace of 10~(203). Further, the experimental analyses and NIST statistical test suite have been designed such that the proposed medical image encryption technique has the potency to withstand any statistical, differential, and brute force attacks.
Mechanical performances and microstructural characteristics of reactive MgO-carbonated silt subjected to freezing-thawing cycles

The characteristics of reactive magnesia (MgO)-carbonated silt in respect to long-term stability have not been well understood in severely cold climate despite the usage of reactive MgO in enhancing the engineering performances.Under the binder content of 15% and initial water content of 25%,MgO-admixed silt specimens were carbonized for 3 h and 6 h and then subjected to different numbers of freezingthawing (F-T) cycles.After different F-T cycles,the physico-mechanical properties of MgO- carbonated silt were analyzed in comparison with Portland cement (PC)-stabilized silt through physical and unconfined compression tests.Besides,a series of micro tests on MgO-carbonated specimens was performed including X-ray diffraction (XRD),scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) tests.The results demonstrate that both mass change ratio and moisture content of carbonated/stabilized silt decrease,and these values of MgO-carbonated silt are significantly lower while the density is higher compared to PC-stabilized silt.The strengths and moduli of MgO-carbonated silt are still two times higher than those of PC-stabilized specimens and the strength change ratio of keeps above 0.8 after F-T cycles.There is no visible transformation between nesquehonite and dypingite/hydromagnesite,although the XRD peaks of nesquehonite decrease and the bonding and filling effects weaken slightly.After 6 and 10 F-T cycles,the pore-size characteristics changed from a unimodal distribution to a three-peak and bimodal distribution,respectively.The total,macro and large pore volumes increase obviously while the medium and small pore volumes decrease except for intra-aggregate pore.The findings show better F-T durability of MgO-carbonated silt,which would be helpful for facilitating the application of MgO carbonation in the soil treatment.
Validity of continuous-failure-state unloading triaxial tests as a means to estimate the residual strength of rocks

The residual strength of rocks and rock masses is an important parameter to be constrained for analysis and design purposes in many rock engineering applications.A residual strength envelope in principal stress space is typically developed using residual strength data obtained from compression tests on many different specimens of the same rock type.In this study,we examined the potential for use of the continuous-failure-state testing concept as a means to constrain the residual strength envelope using a limited number of specimens.Specifically,cylindrical specimens of three rock types (granodiorite,diabase,and Stanstead granite) were unloaded at the residual state such that a full residual strength envelope for each individual specimen was obtained.Using a residual strength model that introduces a single new strength parameter (the residual strength index,or RSI),the results of the continuous-failurestate unloading tests were compared to conventionally obtained residual strength envelopes.Overall,the continuous-failure-state residual strength data were found to be consistent with the conventional residual strength data.However,it was identified that the primary factor limiting an accurate characterization of the residual strength for a given rock type is not the amount of data for a given specimen,but the variety of specimens available to characterize the inherent variability of the rock unit of interest.Accordingly,the use of continuous-failure-state testing for estimation of the residual strength of a rock unit is only recommended when the number of specimens available for testing is very limited (i.e.<5).
PER2-mediated ameloblast differentiation via PPARγ/AKT1/β-catenin axis

Circadian rhythm is involved in the development and diseases of many tissues. However, as an essential environmental regulating factor, its effect on amelogenesis has not been fully elucidated. The present study aims to investigate the correlation between circadian rhythm and ameloblast differentiation and to explore the mechanism by which circadian genes regulate ameloblast differentiation. Circadian disruption models were constructed in mice for in vivo experiments. An ameloblast-lineage cell (ALC) line was used for in vitro studies. As essential molecules of the circadian system, Bmal1 and Per2 exhibited circadian expression in ALCs. Circadian disruption mice showed reduced amelogenin (AMELX) expression and enamel matrix secretion and downregulated expression of BMAL1, PER2, PPARγ, phosphorylated AKT1 and β-catenin, cytokeratin-14 and F-actin in ameloblasts. According to previous findings and our study, BMAL1 positively regulated PER2. Therefore, the present study focused on PER2-mediated ameloblast differentiation and enamel formation. Per2 knockdown decreased the expression of AMELX, PPARγ, phosphorylated AKT1 and β-catenin, promoted nuclear β-catenin accumulation, inhibited mineralization and altered the subcellular localization of E-cadherin in ALCs. Overexpression of PPARγ partially reversed the above results in Per2-knockdown ALCs. Furthermore, in in vivo experiments, the length of incisor eruption was significantly decreased in the circadian disturbance group compared to that in the control group, which was rescued by using a PPARγ agonist in circadian disturbance mice. In conclusion, through regulation of the PPARγ/AKT1/β-catenin signalling axis, PER2 played roles in amelogenin expression, cell junctions and arrangement, enamel matrix secretion and mineralization during ameloblast differentiation, which exert effects on enamel formation.
Light fragment and neutron emission in high-energy proton induced spallation reactions

The dynamics of high-energy proton-induced spallation reactions on target nuclides of ~(56)Fe, ~(58)Ni, ~(107)Ag, ~(112)Cd, ~(184)W, ~(181)Ta, ~(197)Au, and ~(208)Pb are investigated with the quantum molecular dynamics transport model motivated by the China initiative Accelerator Driven System (CiADS) in Huizhou and the
Numerical simulations of partial elements excitation for hemispherical high-intensity focused ultrasound phased transducer

The hemispherical phased transducer maximizes the coverage of the skull and the ultrasonic energy per unit area of the skull is minimized, thereby reducing the risk of skull burns, but the transducer has a small focal area adjustment range, increasing the focal length of treatment is an urgent question for this type of transducer. In this paper, a three-dimensional high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) transcranial propagation model is established based on the human head structure. The finite difference time domain (FDTD) is combined with the Westervelt acoustic wave nonlinear propagation equation and Penne’s biological heat conduction equation for numerical simulation of the sound pressure field and temperature field. Forming a treatable focal area in a small-opening hemispherical transducer with a small amount of numerical simulation calculation focusing at a set position to determine the minimum partial excitation area ratio of focusing. And then, applying these preliminary results to a large-opening diameter hemispherical transducer and the temperature field formed by it or full excitation is studied. The results show that the focus area with the excitation area ratio of less than 22% moves forward to the transducer side when the excitation sound is formed. When the excitation area ratio is greater than or equal to 23%, it focuses at the set position. In the case of partial incentives, using 23% of the partial array, the adjustable range of the treatable focal area formed in the three-dimensional space is larger than that of the full excitation.
Spectral polarization-encoding of broadband laser pulses by optical rotatory dispersion and its applications in spectral manipulation

We propose a kind of spectral polarization-encoding (SPE) for broadband light pulses, which is realized by inducing optical rotatory dispersion (ORD), and decoded by compensating ORD. Combining with polarization-sensitive devices, SPE can not only work to control polarization-dependent transmission for central wavelength or bandwidth-tunable filtering, but also can be used for broadband regenerative or multi-pass amplification with a polarization-dependent gain medium to improve output bandwidth. SPE is entirely passive thus very simple to be designed and aligned. By using an ORD crystal with a good transmission beyond 3-µm mid-infrared region, e.g., AgGaS2, SPE promises to be applied for the wavelength tuning lasers in mid-infrared region, where the tunning devices are rather under developed compared with those in visible and near-infrared region.
Impact of O_2 post oxidation annealing on the reliability of SiC/SiO_2 MOS capacitors

The effects of dry O_2 post oxidation annealing (POA) at different temperatures on SiC/SiO_2 stacks are comparatively studied in this paper. The results show interface trap density (D_(it)) of SiC/SiO_2 stacks, leakage current density (J_g), and time-dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) characteristics of the oxide, are affected by POA temperature and are closely correlated. Specifically, D_(it), J_g, and inverse median lifetime of TDDB have the same trend against POA temperature, which is instructive for SiC/SiO_2 interface quality improvement. Moreover, area dependence of TDDB characteristics for gate oxide on SiC shows different electrode areas lead to same slope of TDDB Weibull curves.
Synthesis of SiC/graphene nanosheet composites by helicon wave plasma

We report an approach to the rapid, one-step, preparation of a variety of wide-bandgap silicon carbide/graphene nanosheet (SiC/GNSs) composites by using a high-density helicon wave plasma (HWP) source. The microstructure and morphology of the SiC/GNSs are characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction (XRD), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and fluorescence (PL). The nucleation mechanism and the growth model are discussed. The existence of SiC and graphene structure are confirmed by XRD and Raman spectra. The electron excitation temperature is calculated by the intensity ratio method of optical emission spectroscopy. The main peak in the PL test is observed at 420 nm, with a corresponding bandgap of 2.95 eV that indicates the potential for broad application in blue light emission and ultraviolet light emission, field electron emission, and display devices.
A strategy to improve the electrochemical performance of Ni-rich positive electrodes: Na/F-co-doped LiNi_(0.6)Mn_(0.2)Co_(0.2)O_2

Ni-rich layered lithium transition metal oxides LiNi_xMn_yCo_zO_2 (1-y-z≥0.6) are promising candidates for cathode materials, but their practical applications are hindered by high-voltage instability and fast capacity fading. Using density functional theory calculations, we demonstrate that Na-, F-doping, and Na/F-co-doping can stabilize the structure and result into a higher open circuit voltage than pristine LiNi_(0.6)Mn_(0.2)Co_(0.2)O_2 (NMC622) during the charging process, which may attain greater discharge capacity. F doping may inhibit the diffusion of Li ions at the beginning and end of charging; Na doping may improve Li ion diffusion due to the increase in Li layer spacing, consistent with prior experiments. Na/F-codoping into NMC622 promotes rate performance and reduces irreversible phase transitions for two reasons: (i) a synergistic effect between Na and F can effectively restrain the Ni/Li mixing and then enhances the mobility of Li ions and (ii) Ni/Li mixing hinders the Ni ions to migrate into Li layers and thus, stabilizes the structure. This study proposes that a layer cathode material with high electrochemical performance can be achieved via rational dopant modification, which is a promising strategy for designing efficient Li ion batteries.
Electron density distribution of LiMn_2O_4 cathode investigated by synchrotron powder x-ray diffraction

Electron density plays an important role in determining the properties of functional materials. Revealing the electron density distribution experimentally in real space can help to tune the properties of materials. Spinel LiMn_2O_4 is one of the most promising cathode candidates because of its high voltage, low cost, and non-toxicity, but suffers severe capacity fading during electrochemical cycling due to the Mn dissolution. Real-space measurement of electron distribution of LiMn_2O_4 experimentally can provide direct evaluation on the strength of Mn–O bond and give an explanation of the structure stability. Here, through high energy synchrotron powder x-ray diffraction (SPXRD), accurate electron density distribution in spinel LiMn_2O_4 has been investigated based on the multipole model. The electron accumulation between Mn and O atoms in deformation density map indicates the shared interaction of Mn–O bond. The quantitative topological analysis at bond critical points shows that the Mn–O bond is relatively weak covalent interaction due to the oxygen loss. These findings suggest that oxygen stoichiometry is the key factor for preventing the Mn dissolution and capacity fading.
Integrated superconducting circuit for qubit and resonator protection

A semi-infinite waveguide acts as a mirror and helps protect the qubit in front of it from decoherence. Here, we investigate the interference effect in an open waveguide consisting of resonators with different decay rates. We find that a lossy resonator works as a mirror and changes the effective decay rate of the other. The spontaneous radiation of qubit is related to its environment, and we can control it by arranging the lossy resonator’s position or frequency. Our approach helps improving the qubit performance, as well as the quantum gate fidelities.
Terminal-optimized 700-V LDMOS with improved breakdown voltage and ESD robustness

A novel terminal-optimized triple RESURF LDMOS (TOTR-LDMOS)is proposed and verified in a 0.25-μm bipolar- CMOS-DMOS (BCD)process. By introducing a low concentration region to the terminal region, the surface electric field of the TOTR-LDMOS decreases, helping to improve the breakdown voltage (BV)and electrostatic discharge (ESD)robustness. Both traditional LDMOS and TOTR-LDMOS are fabricated and investigated by transmission line pulse (TLP)tests,direct current (DC)tests, and TCAD simulations. The results show that comparing with the traditional LDMOS, the BV of the TOTR-LDMOS increases from 755 V to 817 V without affecting the specific on-resistance (R_(on,sp))of 6.99 W·mm~2. Meanwhile, the ESD robustness of the TOTR-LDMOS increases by 147%. The TOTR-LDMOS exhibits an excellent performance among the present 700-V LDMOS devices.
Quasi-delta negative ions density of Ar/O_2 inductively coupled plasma at very low electronegativity

One of the novel phenomena of Ar/O_2 inductively coupled plasma, the delta negative ions density profile is discovered by the fluid simulation at very low electronegativity. The anions delta is found to be formed by the collaboration of successive plasma transport phases. The plasma transport itself is affected by the delta, exhibiting many new phenomena. A new type of Helmholtz equation is devised to mathematically explain the delta forming mechanism. For revealing the physics behind, a revised spring oscillator dynamic equation has been constructed according to the Helmholtz equation, in a relevant paper [Zhao S X and Li J Z (2021) Chin. Phys. B 30 055202]. The investigation about the anions delta distribution is a nice prediction of new phenomenon in low temperature electronegative plasmas, waiting for the validation of related experiments.
Degradation of β-Ga_2O_3 Schottky barrier diode under swift heavy ion irradiation

The electrical characteristics and microstructures of β-Ga_2O_3 Schottky barrier diode (SBD) devices irradiated with swift heavy ions (2096 MeV Ta ions) have been studied. It was found that β-Ga_2O_3 SBD devices showed the reliability degradation after irradiation, including turn-on voltage Von, on-resistance Ron, ideality factor n, and the reverse leakage current density Jr. In addition, the carrier concentration of the drift layer was decreased significantly and the calculated carrier removal rates were 5×10~6-1.3×10~7 cm~(-1). Latent tracks induced by swift heavy ions were observed visually in the whole β-Ga_2O_3 matrix. Furthermore, crystal structure of tracks was amorphized completely. The latent tracks induced by Ta ions bombardments were found to be the reason for the decrease in carrier mobility and carrier concentration. Eventually, these defects caused the degradation of electrical characteristics of the devices. In terms of the carrier removal rates, the β-Ga_2O_3 SBD devices were more sensitive to swift heavy ions irradiation than SiC and GaN devices.
Delayed excitatory self-feedback-induced negative responses of complex neuronal bursting patterns

In traditional viewpoint, excitatory modulation always promotes neural firing activities. On contrary, the negative responses of complex bursting behaviors to excitatory self-feedback mediated by autapse with time delay are acquired in the present paper. Two representative bursting patterns which are identified respectively to be “Fold/Big Homoclinic” bursting and “Circle/Fold cycle” bursting with bifurcations are studied. For both burstings, excitatory modulation can induce less spikes per burst for suitable time delay and strength of the self-feedback/autapse, because the modulation can change the initial or termination phases of the burst. For the former bursting composed of quiescent state and burst, the mean firing frequency exhibits increase, due to that the quiescent state becomes much shorter than the burst. However, for the latter bursting pattern with more complex behavior which is depolarization block lying between burst and quiescent state, the firing frequency manifests decrease in a wide range of time delay and strength, because the duration of both depolarization block and quiescent state becomes long. Therefore, the decrease degree of spike number per burst is larger than that of the bursting period, which is the cause for the decrease of firing frequency. Such reduced bursting activity is explained with the relations between the bifurcation points of the fast subsystem and the bursting trajectory. The present paper provides novel examples of paradoxical phenomenon that the excitatory effect induces negative responses, which presents possible novel modulation measures and potential functions of excitatory self-feedback/autapse to reduce bursting activities.
miR-139-5p mediates the palmitate-induced inhibition of insulin secretion by targeting neuronal pentraxin 1 in INS-1 cells

High fatty acid reduces insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells and miR-139-5p is increased in diabetic pancreatic tissues and induces islet β-cell apoptosis. However, to date, there is no study exploring whether or not miR-139-5p is involved in high fatty acid-induced insulin secretion. In the present study, INS-1 cells were exposed to different concentrations (0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 mM) of palmitate for different time periods (12, 24, and 48 h). The expression levels of miR-139-5p and neuronal pentraxin 1 (NPTX1) were evaluated by real-time PCR and western blot analysis. The regulation of NPTX1 by miR-139-5p was examined by luciferase assay. Cell transfection was conducted using Lipo8000 or Lipofectamine RNAiMAX. Potassium or glucose-stimulated insulin secretion levels were used to verify the function of miR-139-5p or NPTX1 in insulin secretion. Insulin secretion levels were detected by radioimmunoassay. We found that miR-139-5p was increased in INS-1 cells stimulated with palmitate. In addition, miR-139-5p was also elevated in islets of high-fat dietfed mice and db/db mice compared to those in islets of normal diet-fed mice and wild-type mice. Knockdown of miR-139-5p could reverse high fatty acid-induced insulin secretion defects in INS-1 cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that NPTX1 is a target of miR-139-5p. miR-139-5p mediated palmitate-induced insulin secretion defects by targeting NPTX1. Moreover, palmitate treatment declined the expression of NPTX1 and the NPTX1 expression was also decreased in islets of highfat diet-fed mice and db/db mice. Impaired NPTX1 expression is involved in fatty acid-induced insulin secretion defects. Collectively, our results illustrate that the induction of β-cell insulin secretion defects by fatty acids is mediated, at least in part, by miR-139-5p via downregulation of NPTX1 expression.