mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
山岭隧道塌方机制及防灾方法

山岭隧道建设过程中,塌方灾害频繁发生,造成重大经济损失和人员伤亡。随着我国经济的快速发展和高速公路的大力建设,投入到塌方治理的费用呈逐年增加趋势。开展隧道塌方机制和防灾方法研究具有重大现实意义。采用数值模拟和理论分析为主要研究手段,结合现场调查和监控量测,研究山岭隧道塌方机制和预防措施,以期获得有效的预测方法。运用层次分析法,研究塌方影响因素的敏感性;开展隧道塌方范围内压力拱理论研究,分析不同应力场下潜在塌方范围;探索新的围岩分级方法,建立有效的围岩失稳风险预警模型;研究断层破碎带对围岩稳定性的影响及塌方处治方案的优化思路,得出山岭隧道复合式衬砌在围岩蠕变过程中的受力规律;揭示山岭隧道出洞口塌方机制,并提出相应处治措施;同时,基于突变理论,分析降雨对浅埋隧道塌方的影响,研究隧道出洞口段衬砌结构安全性的评价方法,探索隧道出洞口塌方的时空预测方法。取得以下主要成果和认识:(1)分析塌方的主要影响因素,指出围岩自身属性及地下水对塌方的影响最大,并按塌方发生部位对塌方灾害进行系统分类。(2)通过压力拱理论研究,计算出不同应力场下的压力拱线。指出不同地应力模式下,隧道压力拱存在差异,压力拱和判断标准关系密切,从工程安全角度出发,宜以最小主应力受拉为判断标准。(3)基于特尔菲–理想点法和集对分析理论,建立新的围岩分级模型,为隧道塌方风险评价提供依据。将功效系数法应用于隧道围岩稳定性评价中,建立切实可行的围岩危险性预警模型。(4)提出断层破碎带地区隧道塌方段施工方案优化思路。基于黏弹性有限元理论,分析复合式衬砌结构在围岩蠕变过程中的受力规律,确定断层破碎带围岩流变特性明显洞段隧道衬砌设计和施工的合理方案。(5)指出隧道出洞口塌方破坏为掌子面失稳和洞顶松散介质垮落共同作用所致,以及出洞口应采用初期支护紧跟和超前支护。建立降雨作用下浅埋隧道塌方的尖点突变模型,推导出围岩为不同岩土介质组合时的松散围岩失稳判据。提出隧道出洞口段衬砌工作状态的合理评价方法。(6)建立隧道出洞口塌方的时空预测模型。基于应力传递思想,推导出隧道出洞口松散围岩失稳判据,得到塌方发生时进入松散围岩段的临界距离。结合灰色理论和协同理论,预测塌方发生的时间。通过实际工程案例证明所建时空预测模型具有较高的预测精度。
Effects of Tai Chi on Lower-Limb Myodynamia in the Elderly People: A Meta-Analysis

Objective: To assess the effects of Tai Chi (Chinese shadow boxing exercise) for improving the lower-limb muscle strength in elderly people. Methods: The PUBMED database (from 1950), EMBASE-ASP database (from 1974), Cochrane Library (from 1991), Elsevier sciences database (from 1990), OVID full text database (from 1997), Springer-link database (from 1997), The National Research Register database, ISI Web of knowledge (from 1963), Chinese Medical Citation Index/Chinese Medical Current Contents (CMCI/CMCC, from 1989), China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database (CNKI, from 1915),VIP database (from 1989), and Wanfang database (from 1977) have been searched only for the English and Chinese literatures updated to 10-30-2010. Two researchers independently assessed the methodological quality of studies, extracted and checked the data one another according to the include/exclude standards. Disagreement was resolved by discussions or with the third person. The Review Manage Software 5.0 was used for Meta-analysis. Results: Eventually, 2 randomized controled studies and 2 non-randomized controled studies met the inclusion criteria, with 163 subjects involved in the present meta-analysis. The meta-analysis demonstrated that Tai Chi exercise could improve the ankle flexor/extensor muscle strength and the knee extensor/flexor muscle strength, tested with an isokinetic dynamometer. The limb muscle strength increased significantly after Tai Chi exercise (P<0.01). Conclusion: The meta-analysis favours Tai Chi exercise for improving the lower-limb muscle strength in the older people.
肥胖与呼吸系统疾病

肥胖可诱发和加剧睡眠呼吸障碍，其可通过上呼吸道的结构改变和肺功能的减退等，破坏呼与吸的压力平衡。随着体质量指数的增加而增加哮喘的相对危险性，肥胖是一种慢性全身性的炎症，可阻碍肺组织的发育等。肥胖是呼吸系统常见疾病的重要高危因素，研究其全新的防治策略迫切重要。
沙罗竹人工林丰产施肥技术初探

采用二因素四水平2次回归最优设计，运用统计学方法对试验结果进行2次肥料效应方程拟合、回归分析及方差分析，研究分析氮磷钾等养分配施对沙罗竹人工林生长的影响及其交互效应，提出沙罗竹人工林氮磷肥的最大施用量及其配比，为制订沙罗竹人工林丰产施肥技术提供依据。
Pemetrexed Monotherapy and Pemetrexed Plus Platinum Combination Therapy as Non-First-Line Treatments for Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

OBJECTIVE Data on the efficacy profiles of pemetrexed monotherapy and pemetrexed plus platinum combination therapy in the non-first-line setting for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are limited, and previous studies have reported contradictory results. This study investigated and compared the efficacy and toxicity profiles of these two regimens to provide a broader understanding of their dynamics. METHODS Previously treated patients with advanced and/or recurrent NSCLC who received pemetrexed monotherapy or pemetrexed plus platinum combination therapy between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2009, at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center were evaluated. The primary endpoint of this study was progression-free survival (PFS), whereas the secondary endpoints were overall response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), overall survival (OS), and toxicity. Survival was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate analysis was performed to identify the factors potentially influencing OS, and chi-square analysis was carried out to compare ORR and DCR. RESULTS Forty-six patients with advanced and/or recurrent NSCLC were analyzed; of these patients, 25 were given pemetrexed monotherapy and 21 received pemetrexed plus platinum combination therapy. The following correspond to the rates recorded for the pemetrexed monotherapy group and the pemetrexed plus platinum group: median PFS, 1.97 and 2.3 months (P=0.565); median OS, 30.93 and 30.33 months (P=0.877); ORR, 8% (2/25) and 9.5% (2/21) (P=0.857); and DCR, 32% (8/25) and 57.1% (12/21) (P=0.09). Univariate analysis revealed that no factor was correlated with OS from NSCLC (P>0.05 for all). Gastrointestinal, toxicity in the pemetrexed plus platinum group was modestly higher than that in the pemetrexed monotherapy group (P=0.034), but other adverse events were similar between the groups. CONCLUSION Compared with pemetrexed monotherapy, pemetrexed plus platinum combination therapy causes more gastrointestinal toxicities and does not exhibit improved efficacy, in terms of ORR, DCR, PFS, and OS, in the non-first-line setting for NSCLC. However, further research with a higher patient population is necessary to validate this finding.
Bright blue photoluminescence from a mixed tin and manganese oxide xerogel prepared via sol-hydrothermal-gel process

A new blue photoluminescent material, a mixed tin and manganese oxide xerogel, is prepared via sol-hydrothermalgel process assisted by citric acid. The composition xerogel exhibits strong blue emission at room temperature, with an emission maximum at 434 nm under short (234 nm) or long-wavelength (343 nm) ultraviolet excitation. The photoluminescent excitation spectrum of the mixed tin and manganese oxide xerogel, monitored at an intensity maximum wavelength of 434 nm of the emission, consists of two excitation peaks at 234 nm and 343 nm. With heat treatment temperature increasing from 110 °C to 200 °C, the blue emission intensity increases remarkably, whereas it is almost completely quenched after being treated at 300 °C. The carbon impurities in the mixed tin and manganese oxide xerogel, confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, should be responsible for the bright blue photoluminescence。
Synthesis of ZnFe_2O_4 nanomagnets by Fe-ion implantation into ZnO and post-annealing

Fe ions of dose 8 × 10~(16) cm~(-2) are implanted into a ZnO single crystal at 180 keV. Annealing at 1073 K leads to the formation of zinc ferrite (ZnFe_2O_4), which is verified by synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction (SR-XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The crystallographically oriented ZnFe_2O_4 is formed inside the ZnO with the orientation relationship of ZnFe_2O_4 (111)//ZnO (0001). Superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) measurements show that the as-implanted and post-annealing samples are both ferromagnetic at 5 K. The synthesized ZnFe_2O_4 is superparamagnetic, with a blocking temperature (T_B = 25 K), indicated by zero field cooling and field cooling (ZFC/FC) measurements。
Evaluation of particle growth systems for sampling and analysis of atmospheric fine particles

Three types of water-based condensational growth systems, which can enable particles to grow in size to facilitate sampling and subsequent chemical analysis, were evaluated. The first one is a mixing type growth system where aerosols are mixed with saturated water vapor, the second one is a thermal diffusive growth system where warm flow enters cold-walled tube, and the third one is a laminar flow type where cold flow enters a warm wet-wall tube. Hygroscopic sodium chloride (NaCl), ammonium sulfate ((NH_4)_2SO_4) and ammonium nitrate (NH_4NO_3), and non-hygroscopic polystyrene latex (PSL) particles, in the size range of 50-400 nm, were used to determine their growth factors through the growth systems. Our data showed that the third-type growth system could enable particles to grow most efficiently regardless of their hygroscopic property. Collection efficiency of particles in the size range of 0.05-2.5 μm, in a continuous aerosol sampler after they passed through the third-type growth system was about 100%, suggesting that the third-type growth system would be the most useful among the tested growth systems for sampling and subsequent chemical analysis of fine and ultrafine particles。
Quasi-classical trajectory approach to the O(~1D)+HBr→OH+Br reaction stereo-dynamics on X~1A' potential energy surface

The vector properties of reaction O(~1D)+HBr→OH+Br on the potential energy surface (PES) of X~1A' ground singlet state are studied by using the quasi-classical trajectory (QCT) theory. The polarization-dependent differential cross sections (PDDCSs), the average rotational alignment factor
Hyperchaotic behaviours and controlling hyperchaos in an array of RCL-shunted Josephson junctions

This paper deals with dynamical behaviours in an array composed of two resistive-capacitive-inductive-shunted (RCL-shunted) Josephson junctions (RCLSJJs) and a shunted resistor. Numerical simulations show that periodic, chaotic and hyperchaotic states can coexist in this array. Moreover, a scheme for controlling hyperchaos in this array is presented by adjusting the external bias current. Numerical results confirm that this scheme can be effectively used to control hyperchaotic states in this array into stable periodic states, and different stable periodic states with different period numbers can be obtained by appropriately choosing the intensity of the external bias current。
Identification of quantitative trait loci associated with salt tolerance at seedling stage from Oryza rufipogon

Soil salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses affecting plant growth and crop production. In the present study, salt tolerance at rice seedling stage was evaluated using 87 introgression lines (ILs), which were derived from a cross between an elite indica cultivar Teqing and an accession of common wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.). Substantial variation was observed for four traits including salt tolerance score (STS), relative root dry weight (RRW), relative shoot dry weight (RSW) and relative total dry weight (RTW). STS was significantly positively correlated with all other three traits. A total of 15 putative quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with these four traits were detected using single-point analysis, which were located on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 9 and 10 with 8%-26% explaining the phenotypic variance. The O. rufipogon-derived alleles at 13 QTLs (86.7%) could improve the salt tolerance in the Teqing background. Four QTL clusters affecting RRW, RSW and RTW were found on chromosomes 6, 7, 9 and 10, respectively. Among these four QTL clusters, a major cluster including three QTLs (qRRW10, qRSW10 and qRTW10) was found near the maker RM271 on the long arm of chromosome 10, and the O. rufipogon-derived alleles at these three loci increased RRW, RSW and RTW with additive effects of 22.7%, 17.3% and 18.5%, respectively, while the phenotypic variance explained by these three individual QTLs for the three traits varied from 19% to 26%. In addition, several salt tolerant ILs were selected and could be used for identifying and utilizing favorable salt tolerant genes from common wild rice and used in the salt tolerant rice breeding program.
L-two-optimal identification of errors-in-variables models: a frequency-domain approach

This paper proposes an L-two-optimal identification approach to cope with errors-in-variables model (EIVM) identification. With normalized coprime factor model (NCFM) representations, L-two-optimal approximate models are derived from the framework of an EIVM according to the kernel and image representations of related signals. Based on the optimal approximate models, the v-gap metric is employed as a minimization criterion to optimize the parameters of a system model, and thus the resulting optimization problem can be solved by linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). In terms of the optimized system model, the noise model (NM) can be readily obtained by right multiplication of an inner. Compared with other EIVM identification methods, the proposed one has a wider scope of applications because the statistical properties of disturbing noises are not demanded. It is also capable of giving identifiability. Finally, a numerical simulation is used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method。
Robust distributed control of robot formations with parameter uncertainty

This paper discusses robot formations in a distributed framework. The most important contribution is the incorporation of robustness into robot formation systems. When robots carry out tasks in a poor environment, the parameters in their models fluctuate around the nominal values, which may destroy the stability of the formation system. By modeling the group of robots as an interconnected system, we aim to develop a set of robust distributed controllers such that the overall system is robust to external disturbance as well as parameter uncertainty. Based on the graph rigidity theory, we also consider the rotation of a formation that plays an important role in real-time applications. Both simulations and real-time experiments are carried out to validate the effectiveness of the proposed framework。
21世纪初期中国儿童青少年心理发育的历史剖面——评董奇、林崇德先生主编“中国儿童青少年心理发育特征调查系列著作”

由董奇教授和林崇德先生主编的“中国儿童青少年心理发育特征调查项目系列著作”（五册）于2011年由科学出版社正式出版。这是中国心理学界，尤其是发展心理学界具有历史意义的事件。它标志着我国从此拥有了具有自主知识产权的儿童青少年心理发育指标体系和测评工具，首次完成了具有全国代表性的儿童青少年发育特征调查，并以此为基础建立了我国首个儿童青少年心理发育特征国家基础数据库
Thermally induced dephasing of high power second harmonic generation in MgO: LiNbO_3 waveguides

High power second harmonic generation (SHG) in MgO-doped LiNbO_3 waveguides is investigated using a three-dimensional (3D) coupled thermo-optical model. Simulations performed for a 1111.6-nm fundamental laser show the influence of the absorptions and the thermally induced dephasing on the conversion efficiencies of the different waveguides. The onset of the thermally induced dephasing effect for each waveguide is also indicated. As a result of high light intensity in the waveguide, nonlinear absorptions are identified as the possible main factors in efficiency losses in specific cases.
Immunostimulation in the era of the metagenome

Microbes are increasingly being implicated in autoimmune disease. This calls for a re-evaluation of how these chronic inflammatory illnesses are routinely treated. The standard of care for autoimmune disease remains the use of medications that slow the immune response, while treatments aimed at eradicating microbes seek the exact opposite—stimulation of the innate immune response. Immunostimulation is complicated by a cascade of sequelae, including exacerbated inflammation, which occurs in response to microbial death. Over the past 8 years, we have collaborated with American and international clinical professionals to research a model-based treatment for inflammatory disease. This intervention, designed to stimulate the innate immune response, has required a reevaluation of disease progression and amelioration. Paramount is the inherent conflict between palliation and microbicidal efficacy. Increased microbicidal activity was experienced as immunopathology—a temporary worsening of symptoms. Further studies are needed, but they will require careful planning to manage this immunopathology
对烧伤康复相关问题的几点思考

随着烧伤医学事业的发展，保全生命、封闭创面已不能满足治疗的要求，伴发的肢体功能障碍、外貌毁损、躯体不适及心理适应等诸多问题更受关注，这对烧伤医务人员治疗的精细性提出了更高要求。临床康复医学是以人体功能障碍为研究对象，并对其进行预防、诊断、评估、治疗、训练的医学学科，已逐渐融入烧伤治疗过程中并将成为不可或缺的一部分，同临床治疗、护理一起为烧伤患者的康复提供全面服务。但目前康复工作在烧伤临床救治的开展过程中仍存在不少问题，值得深入思考。
胆道感染致腹股沟管区淋巴结肿大误诊为腹股沟嵌顿疝一例

此外，本例曾行两侧腹股沟斜疝修补术，主诉腹股沟区肿块伴疼痛，导致临床及B超医师按临床惯性思维误诊斜疝修补术后复发伴嵌顿，因而采取不当的手术人路，加大了手术创伤。腹股沟区肿块伴疼痛除了嵌顿疝外，需考虑腹股沟管组织炎症改变，应详细询问病史，明确有无诱因，有条件的应完善腹部CT等辅助检查，如术前未能确诊，术中应仔细探查腹股沟管区域，避免漏诊。
肝细粒棘球蚴病术后复发的胆囊并发症

细粒棘球蚴病是一种危害严重的人畜共患寄生虫疾病。由于其主要发生在肝脏，呈膨胀性占位，故病变压迫胆道进而并发胆囊疾病者临床并不少见。尤其是复发病例，胆囊疾病的发生率明显增高。此类患者如不及时处理，很可能并发萎缩性胆囊炎、胆囊息肉等癌前病变，甚至胆囊癌，危害严重。作者对2006年1月至2008年4月新疆医科大学第一附属医院消化血管外科中心收治的84例复发性肝细粒棘球蚴患者的胆囊并发症进行回顾性分析。
儿童脓毒症研究进展和目前面临的主要问题

脓毒症(sepsis)的概念是在人类同感染性疾病的斗争实践中提出的，并遵循着实践、认识、再实践、再认识的规律不断提高完善。应该承认的是，虽然近20年来对脓毒症的本质有了深入的了解，但关于脓毒症的研究进展并未非常有效地应用于临床，目前脓毒症的治疗仍是抗生素及综合支持治疗为主的策略，脓毒症尤其重症脓毒症仍然有较高的发病率和病死率，小儿脓毒症也是如此~([1])。因此，了解脓毒症研究的现状，正确应用现有理论指导我们的临床工作，并探索今后的努力方向具有重要意义。
Simulation and uniform design-based automatic generation of risk scenarios

This paper presents a methodology for automatically generating risk scenarios for dynamic reliability applications in which some dynamic characteristics (e.g., the order, timing and magnitude of events, the value of relevant process parameters and initial conditions) have a significant influence on the evolution of the system. The main idea of the methodology is: (i) making the system model "express itself" through simulation by having the model driven by an elaborated simulation engine; (ii) exploiting uniform design to pick out a small subset of representative design points from the space of relevant dynamic characteristics; (iii) for each selected design point, employing a depth-first systematic exploration strategy to cover all possible scenario branches at each branch point. A highly dynamic example adapted from the literature (a chemical batch reactor) is studied to test the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
Application reliability for communication networks and its analysis method

The network reliability is difficult to be evaluated because of the complex relationship among the network components. It can be quite different for different users running different applications on the same network. This paper proposes a new concept and a model of application reliability. Different from the existing models that ignores the effects of applications, the proposed application reliability model considers the effects of different applications on the network performance and different types of network faults and makes the analysis of network components relationship possible. This paper also provides a method to evaluate the application reliability when the data flow satisfies Markov properties. Finally, a case study is presented to illustrate the proposed network reliability model and the analysis method.
Bayesian sequential testing for exponential life system with reliability growth

A Bayesian sequential testing method is proposed to evaluate system reliability index with reliability growth during development. The method develops a reliability growth model of repairable systems for failure censored test, and figures out the approach to determine the prior distribution of the system failure rate by applying the reliability growth model to incorporate the multistage test data collected from system development. Furthermore, the procedure for the Bayesian sequential testing is derived for the failure rate of the exponential life system, which enables the decision to terminate or continue development test. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed model and procedure.
旋毛虫属分类及其分类方法的研究进展

旋毛虫病（Trichinellosis）是由旋毛虫引起的一种严重的人兽共患病。旋毛虫宿主范围广泛，可感染人及150多种哺乳动物，呈全球性分布~([1])。据估计，目前全世界旋毛虫病感染者大约有1 100万~([2])。近几十年以来，人们一直努力将其控制或消灭，但目前在很多国家仍常有该病的暴发，现已被列入再度肆虐的疾病~([3])
胎儿心脏横纹肌瘤超声表现1例

讨论胎儿心脏肿瘤比较少见，绝大多数是良性，较常见的是横纹肌瘤。四腔心切面显示心室壁实质性肿块，肿块呈高回声与正常心肌分界清晰。胎儿心脏横纹肌瘤较小时，肿瘤局限于心室壁，对胎儿心脏舒缩功能影响小，不会导致胎儿心脏血流动力学的严重障碍，胎儿生存及发育多不受影响；若肿瘤较大时，其肿瘤突人心腔可引起心室流人道和（或）流出道梗阻，同时巨大的肿瘤影响心脏的收缩功能，可引发胎儿心功能不全，出现心包积液，胸腔、腹腔积液。胎儿心脏横纹肌瘤虽是良性肿瘤，但常发生胎儿心力衰竭引起胎死宫内，同时半数以上合并结节性硬化症，结节性硬化症是常染色体显性遗传病，此病多见于小儿，典型症状是智力低下、抽搐及皮脂腺瘤。预后极差。产前超声全面初步筛查胎儿心脏结构异常是发现先天性心脏异常的关键。
超声诊断子宫穿孔大网膜嵌顿1例

讨论子宫穿孔是宫腔操作中较为严重的并发症。本例子宫穿孔因大网膜嵌顿较紧，大网膜的游走和包裹作用而未发生大出血，人工流产术致子宫穿孔后发生大网膜组织沿子宫肌壁嵌人子宫内较为少见，超声检查子宫肌层内见均匀性带状强回声，结合病史，可做出正确诊断。
儿童少年功能性胃肠病患病现况调查

目的分析中山市儿童、少年人群中功能性胃肠病（functionalgastrointestinaldisorders,FGIDs）的发病情况。方法采用整群随机抽样方法和儿童功能性胃肠病罗马Ⅲ诊断问卷，对在校儿童少年进行问卷调查，按照罗马Ⅲ标准诊断FGIDs。结果4~10岁儿童功能性胃肠病的总体患病率为13.69%，其中功能性便秘的患病率最高（7.61%），其次为功能性腹痛（2.38%）、肠易激综合征（1.39%）、腹型偏头痛（0.79%）、周期性呕吐综合征（0.73%）；11~16岁少年功能性胃肠病的总体患病率为11.68%，其中，功能性便秘的患病率最高（6.12%）；其次为腹型偏头痛（1.55%）和肠易激综合征（1.19%）。结论中山地区儿童少年FGIDs具有较高的发生率，其中功能性便秘是最常见的胃肠功能紊乱。FGIDs影响儿童少年生活质量，应予以早期防治。
医院内铜绿假单胞菌感染的临床分布及耐药性变迁

目的了解医院内感染铜绿假单胞菌的临床分布及耐药性变迁情况，为临床治疗铜绿假单胞菌院内感染提供参考依据。方法回顾性分析广东省中医院所属四家医院2006-2010年间住院患者分离铜绿假单胞菌病区分布、不同来源菌株药敏结果、连续5年耐药性变化及耐药组合分析情况。结果 5年间铜绿假单胞菌分离率最高的科室分别为重症监护室、呼吸内科和脑外科。痰标本检出铜绿假单胞菌最多，占83.7%，且痰标本分离铜绿假单胞菌比其他标本分离菌株更耐药。药敏结果显示氨曲南、左氧氟沙星、环丙沙星、头孢他啶、头孢吡肟、庆大霉素、妥布霉素、阿米卡星耐药率呈逐年下降的趋势。耐药组合分析发现所分离铜绿假单胞菌对3种以上抗生素耐药的多重耐药菌占35.0%，对所分析抗生素全部耐药的菌株占总数的8.4%。结论医院内获得铜绿假单胞菌感染以下呼吸道感染为主，且耐药性明显高于其他部位分离菌株。铜绿假单胞菌多重耐药菌株检出比例较高，耐药机制复杂，临床应根据其分布特点和药敏结果合理用药。
读片窗答案

讨论囊腺瘤是一种良性肿瘤，但有恶变倾向)，一般认为是起源于肝内的（少数源自肝外）原始胆道胚胎上皮。囊腺瘤占肝内胆管囊性病变的4.6%，多发于中年女性（40 ~ 50岁），男女比例约为4:1。由于常缺乏临床症状，常为偶然发现而作为囊肿性病变而切除)。
负压封闭引流治疗四肢软组织严重撕裂伤80例

随着交通事故和工伤事故的不断增多，四肢软组织裂伤或伴有缺损十分常见，损伤及污染都较重，易发生坏死、感染，处理较为困难。笔者采用负压封闭引流技术（VSD）治疗四肢软组织裂伤缺损获得良好效果。现报告如下。
Dynamic evolution characteristics of mining-induced fractures in overlying strata detected by radon

For environment protection in mining areas in northwest China, we developed a CTSRM (comprehensive test system by radon measurement) to measure radon radioactivity and detect dynamic evolution characteristics of mining-induced fractures in overlying strata. It was used to simulate the relationship between the dynamic evolution characteristics and radon concentrations of 33201~ #coalface at Bulianta coal mine in Inner Mongolia, and feasibility of the method was validate。
苦荞新品种黔苦荞5号的选育及栽培技术

黔苦荞5号（原名：威苦01-374，区试代号：KQ 08-13）系贵州省威宁县农业科学研究所以威宁雪山地方品种小米苦荞为亲本，采用单株选择法系统选育而成。于2010年1月经国家小宗粮豆鉴定委员会鉴定，定名为“黔苦荞5号”，鉴定编号为国品种鉴杂[2010010]，证书编号2010 - 1 -26。适宜在贵州、内蒙、宁夏、甘肃、山西、陕西等省种植。2005年进行品种比较试验，平均产量为155.7 kg/667 m~2，比九江苦荞（ck_1)增产20.3%，地方品种（ck_2)增产26.6%。2006 - 2008年国家苦荞品种区域试验（北方组）平均产量为128.1 kg/667 m~2，比对照九江苦荞增产8.5%，居参试品种第3位。在山西大同，内蒙达拉特，陕西榆林，宁夏盐池、西吉，甘肃会宁、定西等试点平均产量为152.58 kg/667 m~2，在增产的点中比对照九江苦荞增产19.2%.2009年在内蒙达拉特、山西大同、宁夏固原3个试点进行生产试验，产量均较统一对照品种表现增产，平均单产134.1 kg/667 m~2，较统一对照品种九江苦荞（ck_1)平均增产15.03%，在山西大同试点较当地对照品种（ck_2)平均增产29.12%。
百玉1号干物质积累、分配及灌浆特性的研究

在中上等土壤肥力下，对百玉1号品种的干物质积累、分配与籽粒灌浆特性进行了试验研究。结果表明，百玉1号植株干物质积累与生育特点表现出前期增长缓慢，中后期增长较快。前期干物质主要分配在叶片，占全株的67%；中期干物质重为：叶（45.96%)、茎(32.63%)、根（12.65%)、雄穗（5.17%）、雌穗（4.37%）。后期生殖器官成为光合产物的主要分配中心，营养物质向果穗运转。叶片干物质重在灌浆中期比率下降为27.22%，但绝对值达高峰值，灌浆后期百玉1号千粒重日增量平均达到7.12g，比对照郑单958千粒重日增量（平均5.88 g）增加1.24g，增长率21.09%。加强百玉1号的中后期管理，有利于获得高产。
钢铁件热浸镀铝工艺比较(Ⅲ)无熔盐覆盖法

无熔盐覆盖法与一浴熔剂法、二浴熔剂法的不同之处是铝液表面用高熔点固体氟盐覆盖而不是用熔盐覆盖，镀铝时扒开固体氟盐，露出铝液，将工件浸入，同时在铝液中加入少量（质量分数≤0.1%）抗氧化合金以降低铝液面的氧化速度。该工艺污染小、成本低，但对操作工艺的规范性要求较高，适合于单件自动间隙连续热浸镀生产。
镁合金摩托车轮毂微弧氧化的成膜机理及膜层的耐蚀性能

为了获得较高质量的微弧氧化膜层，采用脉冲微弧氧化技术在碱性硅酸盐溶液体系中对AM60B镁合金摩托车轮毂进行微弧氧化，利用SEM/XRD、金相显微镜和盐水喷雾等方法研究了氧化成膜的过程和所得陶瓷层的耐蚀性能，分析了陶瓷层的厚度、致密层和疏松层等之间的关系以及膜层的成膜机理，获得最优微弧氧化电解液成分及工艺参数：9 g/L硅酸钠，12 g/L KF, 16 mL/L甘油，2 g/L NaOH，电流密度1.1 A/dm~2，频率700 Hz，占空比 20%，氧化时间30 min。结果表明，镁合金轮毂以最优工艺微弧氧化后耐蚀性得到显著提高。
铝材浸锌的电化学机理

为了进一步完善铝材浸锌的电化学机理，采用扫描电子显微镜分别观察了纯铝材和铝合金浸锌后的表面形貌及退锌后的腐蚀形貌；比较了异种金属的存在对铝基体的腐蚀和浸锌过程的影响；釆用电化学工作站测试了浸锌过程的电位-时间曲线及铝电极与铜，铁，镍等异种金属电极组成的原电池的短路电流、恒流放电测曲线等，比较了异种金属对锌电结晶的催化活性。试验表明：铝材浸锌的过程中铁，镍等异种金属作为微阴极在前处理中促进了铝基体的阳极腐蚀或溶解，并且对锌电结晶晶核的形成具有电催化作用。通过对浸锌反应电极过程的分析，提出了铝材浸锌的异种金属催化成核的观点。
中药抗菌和逆转耐药作用机制研究进展

目的：为进一步深入研究中药抗菌和逆转耐药作用机制提供参考和研究思路。方法：采用文献综述的方法，阐述国内、外近十年来中药抗菌和逆转耐药作用机制研究进展。结果：中药抗菌可以通过抑制菌体内能量的生成、改变细胞膜和离子通道的通透性、抑制菌体内酶的活性、增强中性粒细胞的吞噬功能、减少细菌内毒素的释放、代谢产物发挥抗菌作用、抑制蛋白质的合成、抑制细菌生物被膜的形成等机制发挥抗菌作用，中药可以通过消除R质粒、抑制细菌主动外排泵、抑制β-内酰胺酶、抑制耐药基因的表达等途径逆转细菌耐药性。结论：在中医药理论指导下结合现代研究思路深入探讨中药抗菌和逆转耐药作用机制尤为重要。
小汗腺汗孔瘤1例

患者男，32岁。因左手掌尺侧结节缓慢增大5年，于2010年6月4日来我科就诊。5年前无明显诱因患者左手掌尺侧出现一红色结节，无疼痛及瘙痒，未予重视。此后皮损逐渐增至蚕豆大，并高出皮面，摩擦后易出血、结痂。近2年无明显增大。既往体健，患处无外伤史，否认有家族遗传病史及类似疾病史。体格检查：全身各系统检查未见明显异常。皮肤科检查：左手掌小鱼际尺侧缘见一约1 cm × 1 cm鲜红色圆形结节，边界清楚，表面有褐色血痂及裂隙（图1A、B），质地中等，有轻微压痛，触之易出血。皮损组织病理检査：表皮变薄，肿瘤细胞替代表皮并向真皮增生（图2A）。瘤块与正常表皮之间界限清楚，周边细胞核不呈栅栏状排列，瘤细胞间有细胞间桥，细胞形态一致，较棘细胞小，呈立方形，有明显的胞质内空腔，胞核嗜碱性，排列紧密（图2B、C）。胞质高碘酸-希夫（PAS）染色可见阳性颗粒（图2D）。诊断：小汗腺汗孔瘤。治疗：建议患者行手术治疗
热毒宁治疗手足口病全身炎症反应疗效观察

手足口病（HFMD）多数症状轻微，但部分患儿符合全身炎症反应（SIRS）的特点，个别重症可迅速发展为多脏器功能衰竭（MOF）死亡。控制SIRS是防治MODS的关键。作者对部分HFMD合并SIRS的患儿给予热毒宁（RDN）治疗，以探讨其疗效。
真性晶状体囊膜剥脱

患者男性，85岁。因双眼视物模糊30年，于2011年5月4日来广东省汕头市中心医院眼科就诊。既往无眼外伤史，否认葡萄膜炎等疾病史，否认糖尿病、高血压病等全身疾病史，否认高温环境工作史。全身体检未见异常。眼部检查：双眼视力均为0.25，角膜透明，房水清，晶状体混浊。诊断：双眼老年性白内障。行右眼超声乳化白内障吸除及人工晶状体植入术后2d，左眼视力下降，眼部检查：左眼视力为0.15，眼压为26.7mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa)，瞳孔区晶状体前囊膜透明膜状物附着，约2mm×2mm。左眼相干光断层成像术检查：晶状体前囊膜层状剥脱（精粹图片1）。诊断：左眼老年性白内障；左眼真性晶状体囊膜剥脱