mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Large enhancement of magnetocaloric effect induced by dual regulation effects of hydrostatic pressure in Mn_(0.94) Fe_(0.06) NiGe compound

MM'X (M, M' = transition metals, X = carbon or boron group elements) compounds could exhibit large magnetocaloric effect due to the magnetostructural transition, and the composition regulation has been widely studied to realize the magnetostructural transition. Moreover, the magnetostructural transition is also sensitive to the pressure. Herein, the effect of hydrostatic pressure on magnetostructural transformation and magnetocaloric effect has been investigated in Mn_(0.94) Fe_(0.06) NiGe compound. Dual regulation effect of lowering structural transition temperature and strengthening ferromagnetic (FM) state of martensite is realized by applying hydrostatic pressure, which would greatly improve the magnetocaloric effect of Mn_(0.94) Fe_(0.06) NiGe compound. Moreover, the first-principles calculations have also been performed to discuss the origin of the regulation effect under hydrostatic pressure, and it indicates that the hydrostatic pressure can stabilize the hexagonal structure and decrease the structural transition temperature. The maximum isothermal entropy change increases by 109% from 4.3 J/(kg K) under 0 GPa to 9.0 J/(kg K) under 0.402 GPa for a magnetic field change of 0–3 T. This work proves that the hydrostatic pressure is an effective method to regulate the magnetostructural transition and enhance magnetocaloric effect in MM'X compounds.
Investigating the Relevance of Arabic Text Classification Datasets Based on Supervised Learning

Training and testing different models in the field of text classification mainly depend on the pre-classified text document datasets. Recently, seven datasets have emerged for Arabic text classification, including Single-Label Arabic News Articles Dataset (SANAD), Khaleej, Arabiya, Akhbarona, KALIMAT, Waten2004, and Khaleej2004. This study investigates which of these datasets can provide significant training and fair evaluation for text classification (TC). In this investigation, well-known and accurate learning models are used, including naive Bayes (NB), random forest (RF), K-nearest neighbor (KNN), support vector machines (SVM), and logistic regression (LR) models. We present relevance and time measures of training the models with these datasets to enable Arabic language researchers to select the appropriate dataset to use based on a solid basis of comparison. The performances of the five learning models across the seven datasets are measured and compared with the performances of the same models trained on a well-known English language dataset. The analysis of the relevance and time scores shows that training the SVM model on Khaleej and Arabiya obtained the most significant results in the shortest amount of time, with the accuracy of 82%.
Salp Swarm Algorithm for Solving Optimal Power Flow Problem with Thyristor-Controlled Series Capacitor

In this paper, a salp swarm algorithm (SSA) is proposed for solving the optimal power flow (OPF) problem of a power system with the incorporation of the thyristor-controlled series capacitor (TCSC). The proposed methodology is implemented for determining the optimal setting of control variables for the OPF problem, which includes the real power of generators buses, voltages of generator buses, reactive power injected by shunt compensators, and tap changing transformer ratios. The performance of the proposed approach is validated and tested on the standard IEEE-30 bus system and single-objective functions, including transmission line losses. The severity factor has been minimized and the result obtained is compared with the existing algorithms. Simulation results achieved with the proposed SSA approach demonstrate that it results in an effective and better solution for the OPF problem.
Conceptual physical education: A course for the future

The conceptual physical education (CPE) innovation began in the mid-20th century as an alternative approach to college-level, activity-only basic instruction classes. In addition to physical activity sessions, CPE courses (classes) use text material and classroom sessions to teach kinesiology concepts and principles of health-related fitness and health-enhancing physical activity. CPE courses are now offered in nearly all college programs as either required or electives classes. Two decades later, the high school CPE innovation began, and Kindergarten-8 programs followed. In this commentary, I argue that historian Roberta Park was correct in her assessment that physical education has the potential to be the renaissance field of the 21st century. Scientific contributions of researchers in kinesiology will lead the way, but science-based CPE and companion fitness education programs that align with physical education content standards and fitness education benchmarks will play a significant role. CPE courses have been shown to be effective in promoting knowledge, attitudes, and out-of-school physical activity and have the potential to elevate physical education as we chart the course of our future.
Impaired motor control after sport-related concussion could increase risk for musculoskeletal injury: Implications for clinical management and rehabilitation

This review presents a conceptual framework and supporting evidence that links impaired motor control after sport-related concussion (SRC) to increased risk for musculoskeletal injury. Multiple studies have found that athletes who are post-SRC have higher risk for musculoskeletal injury compared to their counterparts. A small body of research suggests that impairments in motor control are associated with musculoskeletal injury risk. Motor control involves the perception and processing of sensory information and subsequent coordination of motor output within the central nervous system to perform a motor task. Motor control is inclusive of motor planning and motor learning. If sensory information is not accurately perceived or there is interference with sensory information processing and cognition, motor function will be altered, and an athlete may become vulnerable to injury during sport participation. Athletes with SRC show neuroanatomic and neurophysiological changes relevant to motor control even after meeting return to sport criteria, including a normal neurological examination, resolution of symptoms, and return to baseline function on traditional concussion testing. In conjunction, altered motor function is demonstrated after SRC in muscle activation and force production, movement patterns, balance/postural stability, and motor task performance, especially performance of a motor task paired with a cognitive task (i.e., dual-task condition). The clinical implications of this conceptual framework include a need to intentionally address motor control impairments after SRC to mitigate musculoskeletal injury risk and to monitor motor control as the athlete progresses through the return to sport continuum.
去顶盖手术治疗耳廓假性囊肿的疗效分析

目的探讨耳廓假性囊肿的病理演变及去顶盖手术切除病变耳廓前软骨膜对耳廓假性囊肿患者耳廓外形恢复的影响。方法选取2018年9月~2020年11月延边大学附属医院收治的42例耳廓假性囊肿患者,以去顶盖手术方法切除耳廓假性囊肿病变的软骨膜后,行常规病理学检查,并观察耳廓外形的恢复情况。结果术中发现耳廓假性囊肿随病程延长,囊性病变范围扩大,软骨膜软骨化及纤维化加重,甚至出现失去弹性,耳廓机化增厚变形,严重影响美观。以去顶盖手术早期干预,能快速恢复耳廓外形,减轻耳廓增厚机化及变形等并发症。结论耳廓假性囊肿是耳廓前软骨膜软骨化病变与原耳廓弹性软骨之间形成的积液,不是原耳廓弹性软骨之间形成的积液,及时行去顶盖手术,去除病变软骨膜,有利于耳廓外形的早期恢复。
华重楼种子萌发与容器苗培育技术研究

目的研究ACC、GA和PEG对华重楼种子萌发的影响,并筛选出其容器苗培育适宜基质。方法以湖南张家界(ZJJ)和湖北宜昌(YC)两个种源的野生资源的华重楼种子为实验材料,在湿沙、干沙交替层积,(20 ± 2)℃恒温暗培养方式下培养,采用不同浓度的ACC、GA和不同分子量的PEG浸泡的方法,通过对种子萌发期的胚根发育和发芽率指标的测定,探讨破除华重楼种子休眠的方法,进而采用单因素试验设计,筛选出最佳的基质配比。结果ACC、GA和PEG及GA与PEG交互作用对2种源种子萌发率的影响均达到显著或极显著水平。ZJJ和YC种源种子分别在ACC浓度为60 mg·L~(-1)和100 mg·L~(-1)时,种子萌发率达到最大值,分别为83.00%和79.36%;多重比较发现,YC的种子萌发率在A2B2水平下达到最大(82.33%),而ZJJ在A1B4水平达到最佳(93.00%);基质配比C的华重楼2年后的保存率、生物量及根系生长状况总体上优于其他配比。结论ACC、GA和PEG均可促进不同种源华重楼种子萌发,但不同种源对其浓度的响应存在差异,基质配比C可作为华重楼容器苗培育基质推广应用。
基于核心能力的中医学专业本科人才培养的思考

从中医学专业本科人才培养的目标和特点出发,构建人才培养的核心能力模型,并就现阶段中医药高等教育面临的困境,思考中医药院校人才培养的新路径及如何进一步深化教育改革,提升中医药人才培养质量。
颈椎间盘切除结合“L”形开槽治疗椎间盘游离1例报告

颈椎间盘突出症是常见的脊柱外科疾病,常采用颈前路椎体次全切除椎体间植骨融合术(anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion, ACCF)与颈前路椎间盘切除椎体间植骨融合术(anterior cervical discectomy and fusion, ACDF)治疗。ACDF最早由史密斯和罗宾逊在1958年提出,被认为是颈前路最可靠的选择。ACCF适用于压迫位于椎体后方,与ACDF一样有较高的安全性及满意的疗效。传统的ACDF不能解除椎体后压迫,而ACCF在手术及住院时间、出血量、稳定性、融合率等方面又存在劣势,高龄患者因其特殊身体机能,对手术有很高要求,这些劣势又恰是高龄患者手术需竭力减少的。作者创新性采用ACDF结合“L”形椎体开槽治疗高龄男性C4/5椎间盘伴终板脱出游离于C5椎体后方的1例患者,疗效满意,现报道如下。
剥脱性点阵激光辅助给药在皮肤科中的应用

剥脱性点阵激光(ablative fractional laser, AFL)是最常用的激光辅助给药(Fractional Laser-assisted drug delivery, FLADD)技术之一。AFL增强外用药物的吸收。该文综述了AFL辅助给药治疗毛发、银屑病、白癜风、甲真菌病、瘢痕、角质形成细胞肿瘤等皮肤病的临床应用和治疗要点,以提高药物吸收及临床疗效。
Characterization of antioxidant and antibacterial compounds from aerial parts of Haplophyllum tuberculatum

The aerial parts of Haplophyllum tuberculatum( H. tuberculatum ) have traditionally been used by local communities to treat fever, gastrointestinal disorders, worms, malaria and fractures, however, the responsible ingredients of the selected medicinal plant have not been identified. In the present study, antibacterial and antioxidant ingredients were isolated and characterized from the plant parts of locally grown H. tuberculatum, and their biological activity was evaluated. The powder aerial parts were extracted with methanol and the extract was successively fractionated with different polarities of solvents. All polarities of extracts(hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol, methanol and water) were used to determine their antibacterial and antioxidant activity by established in-vitro method. The disk diffusion and free radical scavenging 2,2diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) methods were used to evaluate antibacterial and antioxidant activities of the prepared extracts and pure isolated compounds at different concentrations against three strains of Gram-positive and three Gram-negative bacteria. The antibacterial activity results showed that all prepared fractions and isolated pure compounds of the plant species gave significant activity against all Gram( + and-) bacterial strains with the range of inhibition 0-20 mm. The antioxidant activity of the prepared extracts at all concentrations also showed substantial activity. Based on the highest activity, ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts were selected for the separation and isolation of antioxidant and antibacterial compounds by thin layer chromatography(TLC), column chromatography(CC), and preparative thin layer chromatography(PTLIC). The structure of the isolated antioxidant and antibacterial compounds from the ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts were determined on the basis of nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) and mass spectra. The isolated pure compounds and active extracts could be used as a medicine for various infectious related diseases.
Effect of different geometrical non-uniformities on nonlinear vibration of porous functionally graded skew plates:A finite element study

This article presents the investigation of nonlinear vibration analysis of tapered porous functionally graded skew (TPFGS) plate considering the effects of geometrical non-uniformities to optimize the thickness in the structural design.The TPFGS plate is analyzed considering linearly,bi-linearly,and exponentially varying thicknesses.The plate's effective material properties are tailor-made using a modified power-law distribution in which gradation varies along the thickness direction of the TPFGS plate.Incorporating the non-linear finite element formulation to develop the kinematic equation's displacement model for the TPFGS plate is based on the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) in conjunction with von Karman's nonlinearity.The nonlinear governing equations are established by Hamilton's principle.The direct iterative method is adopted to solve the nonlinear mathematical relations to obtain the nonlinear frequencies.The influence of the porosity distributions and porosity parameter indices on the nonlinear frequency responses of the TPFGS plate for different skew angles and variable thicknesses are studied for various geometrical parameters.The influence of taper ratio,variable thickness,skewness,porosity distributions,gradation,and boundary conditions on the plate's nonlinear vibration is demonstrated.The nonlinear frequency analysis reveals that the geometrical nonuniformities and porosities significantly influence the porous functionally graded plates with varying thickness than the uniform thickness.Besides,exponentially and linearly variable thicknesses can be considered for the thickness optimizations of TPFGS plates in the structural design.
Forty Years of Air Temperature Change over Iran Reveals Linear and Nonlinear Warming

Spatiotemporal analysis of long-term changes in air temperature is of prime importance for climate change research and the development of effective mitigation and adaptation strategies. Although there are considerable studies on air temperature change across the globe, most of them have been on linear trends and time series analysis of nonlinear trends have not received enough attention. Here, spatiotemporal patterns of monthly and annual mean (T_(mean)), maximum (T_(max)), and minimum (T_(min)) air temperature at 47 synoptic stations across climate zones in Iran for a 40-yr period (1978-2017) are analyzed. A polynomial fitting scheme (Polytrend) is used to both monthly and annual air temperature data to detect trends and classify them into linear and nonlinear (quadratic and cubic) categories. The significant (non-significant) trends in T_(mean), T_(max), and T_(min) across all climate zones are 41.1% (58.9%), 34.1% (65.9%), and 46% (54%), respectively. The highest magnitude of increasing trends is observed in the annual T_(min) (0.47°C decade~(-1)) and the lowest magnitude is for the annual T_(max) (0.4°C decade~(-1)). Across the country, increasing trends (x= 37.2%) have higher spatial coverage than the decreasing trends (x= 3.2%). Warming trends in T_(mean) (65.3%) and T_(min) (73.1%) are mainly observed in humid climate zone while warming trends in T_(max) are in semi-arid (43.9%) and arid (34.1%) climates. Linear change with a positive trend is predominant in all T_(mean) (56.7%), T_(max) (67.8%), and T_(min) (71.2%) and for both monthly and annual data. Further, the linear trends have the highest warming rate in annual T_(min) (0.83°C decade~(-1)) and T_(mean) (0.46°C decade~(-1)) whereas the nonlinear trends have the highest warming rate in annual T_(max) (0.52°C decade~(-1)). The linear trend type is predominant across the country especially in humid climate zones whereas the nonlinear trends (quadratic and cubic) are mainly observed in the arid climate zones. This study highlights nonlinear changes and spatiotemporal trends in air temperature in Iran and contributes to a growing body of climate change literature that is necessary for the development of effective mitigation and adaptation strategies in the Middle East.
Spatial modulation of nanopattern dimensions by combining interference lithography and grayscale-patterned secondary exposure

Functional nanostructures are exploited for a variety of cutting-edge fields including plasmonics,metasurfaces,and biosensors,just to name a few.Some applications require nanostructures with uniform feature sizes while others rely on spatially varying morphologies.However,fine manipulation of the feature size over a large area remains a substantial challenge because mainstream approaches to precise nanopatterning are based on low-throughput pixel-by-pixel processing,such as those utilizing focused beams of photons,electrons,or ions.In this work,we provide a solution toward wafer-scale,arbitrary modulation of feature size distribution by introducing a lithographic portfolio combining interference lithography (IL) and grayscale-patterned secondary exposure (SE).Employed after the high-throughput IL,a SE with patterned intensity distribution spatially modulates the dimensions of photoresist nanostructures.Based on this approach,we successfully fabricated 4-inch wafer-scale nanogratings with uniform linewidths of <5% variation,using grayscale-patterned SE to compensate for the linewidth difference caused by the Gaussian distribution of the laser beams in the IL.Besides,we also demonstrated a wafer-scale structural color painting by spatially modulating the filling ratio to achieve gradient grayscale color using SE.
Hydrogen as a carrier of renewable energies toward carbon neutrality:State-of-the-art and challenging issues

Energy storage and conversion via a hydrogen chain is a recognized vision of future energy systems based on renewables and,therefore,a key to bridging the technological gap toward a net-zero CO_2 emission society.This paper reviews the hydrogen technological chain in the framework of renewables,including water electrolysis,hydrogen storage,and fuel cell technologies.Water electrolysis is an energy conversion technology that can be scalable in megawatts and operational in a dynamic mode to match the intermittent generation of renewable power.Material concerns include a robust diaphragm for alkaline cells,catalysts and construction materials for proton exchange membrane (PEM) cells,and validation of the long-term durability for solid oxide cells.Hydrogen storage via compressed gas up to 70 MPa is optional for automobile applications.Fuel cells favor hydrogen fuel because of its superfast electrode kinetics.PEM fuel cells and solid oxide fuel cells are dominating technologies for automobile and stationary applications,respectively.Both technologies are at the threshold of their commercial markets with verified technical readiness and environmental merits;however,they still face restraints such as unavailable hydrogen fueling infrastructure,long-term durability,and costs to compete with the analog power technologies already on the market.
A critical review on nickel-based cathodes in rechargeable batteries

The 3d transition-metal nickel (Ni)-based cathodes have long been widely used in rechargeable batteries for over 100 years,from Ni-based alkaline rechargeable batteries,such as nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd) and nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH) batteries,to the Ni-rich cathode featured in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs).Ni-based alkaline batteries were first invented in the 1900s,and the well-developed Ni-MH batteries were used on a large scale in Toyota Prius vehicles in the mid-1990s.Around the same time,however,Sony Corporation commercialized the first LIBs in camcorders.After temporally fading as LiCoO_2 dominated the cathode in LIBs,nickel oxide-based cathodes eventually found their way back to the mainstreaming battery industry.The uniqueness of Ni in batteries is that it helps to deliver high energy density and great storage capacity at a low cost.This review mainly provides a comprehensive overview of the key role of Ni-based cathodes in rechargeable batteries.After presenting the physical and chemical properties of the 3d transition-metal Ni,which make it an optimal cationic redox center in the cathode of batteries,we introduce the structure,reaction mechanism,and modification of nickel hydroxide electrode in Ni-Cd and Ni-MH rechargeable batteries.We then move on to the Ni-based layered oxide cathode in LIBs,with a focus on the structure,issues,and challenges of layered oxides,LiNiO_2,and LiNi_(1-x-y)Co_xMn_yO_2.The role of Ni in the electrochemical performance and thermal stability of the Ni-rich cathode is highlighted.By bridging the "old" Ni-based batteries and the "modern" Ni-rich cathode in the LIBs,this review is committed to providing insights into the Ni-based electrochemistry and material design,which have been under research and development for over 100 years.This overview would shed new light on the development of advanced Ni-containing batteries with high energy density and long cycle life.
The Evolution of the Nucleus Surface in the Context of the Change in the Brightness of a Comet

The paper presents a model of the thermodynamic evolution of the comet nucleus surface. In the proposed approach, we focus on the analysis of the formation of pits visible on the surface of the cometary nucleus. These pits are a consequence of the thermodynamic evolution of both the surface layers and the inner layers of the cometary nucleus. As a result of complex thermodynamic processes, the surface layer is destroyed. A measure of this destruction is the amount of comet material that is thrown into a coma as a result of sublimation. The effect of this process is an increase in the area on which the incident light scatters. Then we can notice a sudden increase in the brightness of the comet, i.e., its outburst. A measure of the amplitude of a given outburst is the diameter and thickness of the surface layer that has been destroyed. The mechanism of the evolution of the pits was proposed based on the analysis of many photos taken by the Rosetta probe. The obtained numerical values correspond to the actual brightness changes of the Jupiter family comets during their outburst.
GRB 190530A: From Precursor, Prompt Emission to Afterglow all Originated from Synchrotron Radiation

GRB 190 530A was jointly observed by the High Energy X-ray Telescope of the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (Insight-HXMT/HE) and the Ground-Based Wide-Angle Camera network (GWAC-N) with the extremely large field of view. After triggered by Insight-HXMT/HE and Fermi/GBM, we observed the optical emission of GRB 190 530A, using the 30 cm telescope of GWAC (GWAC-F30) to search and locate its position. Subsequent observation of the late afterglow of GRB 190 530A was made with the 2.16 m telescope at Xinglong Observatory. In this paper, we make a detailed exploration of the origin of GRB 190 530A. In the prompt emission, a “double-tracking” pattern is presented both for the low-energy spectral index α and the peak energy Ep in the Band function with Insight-HXMT/HE and Fermi/GBM data; the results of GRB 190 530A are consistent with the Amati and Yonetoku correlations; the spectral lag (τ) versus energy (E) can be estimated with τ = -3.0 ± 0.06 + (0.17 ± 0.03)log E. The synchrotron radiation can account for the origin of GRB 190 530A prompt emission behaviors. The α and Ep of the precursor are essentially the same as that of the main prompt emission, implying that they have the same origin. For the afterglow, it can be described with the external forward shock model in ISM circumburst medium. In summary, from precursor, prompt emission to afterglow of GRB 190 530A all originated from synchrotron radiation.
Using Λ_c~+→pK~-π~+ as a spin polarimeter

Polarization transfer measurement plays an important role in the search for new physics processes in charmed baryon decays. The measurement of the Λ_c~+→pK~-π~+ decay is suggested as a spin polarimeter. A general description of the decay is developed using Euler angles, and the polarization parameters are derived. Its relationship with parity violation is found using the phenomenological amplitude model. A Monte-Carlo simulation is performed, and the results show that charmed baryon polarization is well determined using a set of Monte-Carlo events with selected asymmetry parameters. The experimental measurement of these asymmetry parameters is suggested.
Seniority and (9/2)~n configurations in neutron-rich Nickel isotopes

Excited states in low-energy spectra of ~(70-76)Ni are considered. Accordingly, pairing forces in the form of surface delta interaction are employed to account for the formation of the ground state multiplet with seniority v=2 states. The multiplet splitting is described with mass relationships of masses of neighboring nuclei. Subsequently, the seniority model is adopted to reproduce or predict the states v=3 in odd-even isotopes and v=4 in even-even isotopes. The correct account of the 2_1~+ state should allow for the description of the reversed order of J=4 states with v=2 and v=4 observed in experiments. The results obtained are compared with the structure of similar multiplets in N=50 isotones.