mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Spatial-temporal variation features and law of gas concentration in the fully mechanized working face under the condition of intermittent ventilation

Based on the fluid mechanics and mass transfer theory, a mathematical model of the spatial-temporal variation of gas was derived to avoid the gas accident caused by the main fan stopping ventilation under the condition of intermittent ventilation in the tunnel. According to the actual parameters of the tunnel, a numerical calculation model was established. The spatial-temporal variation of gas concentration in the fully mechanized working face under the condition of intermittent ventilation was calculated by using the commercial package Fluent, and the correctness of the calculated results was verified by the actual monitoring data of the mine. Firstly, the gas concentration was calculated under different wind velocities at driving face in coal tunnel, and the result showed that the gas can be carried effectively by the wind when the wind velocity is about 1.8 m/s. Secondly, the distributions of wind velocity and gas concentration at driving face were studied at 1.8 m/s, and the result showed the gas concentration increased gradually with the distance close to the outlet, but the gas concentration almost kept constant at the height of driving face. Thirdly, the distribution of gas concentration was investigated with time after the ventilation was stopped and restarted, respectively. The gas concentration of test point gradually increased with the increment of downtime, when the downtime was 40 min, the gas concentration of test point 3 reached the maximum value. The gas concentration increased gradually and reached the maximum after 10 min of restart, then sharply decreased and kept constant.
Analysis of highly efficient perovskite solar cells with inorganic hole transport material

Organo-halide perovskites in planar heterojunction architecture have shown considerable promise as efficient light harvesters in solar cells. We carry out a numerical modeling of a planar lead based perovskite solar cell (PSC) with Cu_2ZnSnS_4 (CZTS) as the hole transporting material (HTM) using the one-dimensional solar cell capacitance simulator (SCAPS-1D). The effects of numerous parameters such as defect density, thickness, and doping density of the absorber layer on the device performance are investigated. The doping densities and electron affinities of the electron transporting material (ETM) and the HTM are also varied to optimize the PSC performance. It has been observed that a thinner absorber layer of ~220 nm with a defect density of 1014 cm-3 compared to the reference structure improves the device performance. When doping density of the absorber layer increases beyond 2×10~(16) cm-3, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) reduces due to enhanced recombination rate. The defect density at the absorber/ETM interface reduces the PCE as well. Considering a series resistance of 5 W·cm~2 and all the optimum parameters of absorber, ETM and HTM layers simultaneously, the overall PCE of the device increases significantly. In comparison with the reference structure, the PCE of the optimized device has been increased from 12.76% to 22.7%, and hence the optimized CZTS based PSC is highly efficient.
Electro-optical dual modulation on resistive switching behavior in BaTiO_3/BiFeO_3/TiO_2 heterojunction

The novel BaTiO_3/BiFeO_3/TiO_2 multilayer heterojunction is prepared on a fluorine-doped tinoxide (FTO) substrate by the sol–gel method. The results indicate that the Pt/BaTiO_3/BiFeO_3/TiO_2/FTO heterojunction exhibits stable bipolar resistive switching characteristic, good retention performance, and reversal characteristic. Under different pulse voltages and light fields, four stable resistance states can also be realized. The analysis shows that the main conduction mechanism of the resistive switching characteristic of the heterojunction is space charge limited current (SCLC) effect. After the comprehensive analysis of the band diagram and the P–E ferroelectric property of the multilayer heterojunction, we can deduce that the SCLC is formed by the effect of the oxygen vacancy which is controlled by ferroelectric polarizationmodulated change of interfacial barrier. And the effective photo-generated carrier also plays a regulatory role in resistance state (RS), which is formed by the double ferroelectric layer BaTiO_3/BiFeO_3 under different light fields. This research is of potential application values for developing the multi-state non-volatile resistance random access memory (RRAM) devices based on ferroelectric materials.
One-dimensional structure made of periodic slabs of SiO_2/InSb offering tunable wide band gap at terahertz frequency range

Optical features of a semiconductor–dielectric photonic crystal are studied theoretically. Alternating layers of micrometer sized SiO_2/InSb slabs are considered as building blocks of the proposed ideal crystal. By inserting additional layers and disrupting the regularity, two more defective crystals are also proposed. Photonic band structure of the ideal crystal and its dependence on the structural parameters are explored at the first step. Transmittance of the defective crystals and its changes with the thicknesses of the layers are studied. After extracting the optimum values for the thicknesses of the unit cells of the crystals, the optical response of the proposed structures at different temperatures and incident angles are investigated. Changes of the defect layers’ induced mode(s) are discussed by taking into consideration of the temperature dependence of the InSb layer permittivity. The results clearly reflect the high potential of the proposed crystals to be used at high temperature terahertz technology as a promising alternative to their electronic counterparts.
多巴反应性肌张力障碍诊治进展

多巴反应性肌张力障碍( DRD)是一组左旋多巴胺合成代谢通路上的酶活性缺陷引起的遗传性进行性肌张力障碍疾病,患病率约为1 /100万,女性约为男性2~ 3倍。
负荷超声心动图联合心肌应变技术在心脏疾病中的应用进展

近年来,负荷超声心动图联合心肌应变技术在心脏疾病中应用越来越广泛,不仅仅局限于冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病,还应用于心肌病、瓣膜病、先天性心脏病和其他疾病相关性心脏病等。负荷超声心动图检查已经发展成为一项稳定可靠的技术,提供了动态评估心肌结构和功能的方法,对早期发现心肌功能异常具有重要意义.2002年美国心脏病学会(American College of Cardiology,ACC)和美国心脏协会(American Heart Association,AHA)指南推荐负荷超声心动图应作为一种评估冠状动脉疾病的基本方法。虽然负荷超声心动图可以早期发现隐匿的心肌功能异常,在临床应用范围也越来越广泛,但是其存在一个主要局限,即判断室壁运动异常时主观性较强,常常依靠经验。应变技术能定量评估负荷超声心动图中室壁运动的结果,提供更加客观的数据,在评估心室结构和功能时,不受邻近节段的影响.因此,二者结合对心脏疾病进行诊断将会更敏感、更客观。在此对负荷超声心动图联合心肌应变技术在心脏疾病中的应用进展进行概述。
左心室和心肌声学造影的仪器设置与方法学

尽管超声造影剂目前仅批准用于左心室造影,但若与灌注成像技术相结合,其还可用于评价心肌的血流灌注情况。心肌灌注成像可以在静息室壁运动分析的基础上为冠状动脉疾病和心腔占位提供额外的诊断信息,如病变区域室壁运动分析结合灌注缺损或延迟可用于心肌梗死的诊断及预后评估,并且可对血运重建后心肌功能恢复情况进行评估;还可识别心腔内占位,如血栓、肿瘤等。而在负荷超声心动图室壁运动分析的基础上进行灌注成像可更早判断心肌缺血情况。与磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)及单光子发射计算机断层成像(single-photon emission computed tomography,SPECT)技术相比,超声灌注成像拥有等同或较高的空间及时间分辨率,移动性强且费用低,可以实时评价心脏功能及检测心内膜下缺血。
论传统研究与大数据研究的关系(代序)

地质学的研究现状如何?每个人有不同的标准。不可否认,地学研究已经取得了很多的成绩,但是不能津津乐道于目前的成绩,应当从更深层次去思考,从更高的境界去发现存在的问题和可能的危机。地质学天天在进步,这是毫无疑问的,但是,地质学的进步是非常缓慢的,相比大多数其他学科,地质学缺少创新的理论发现。
基于U-Net的CT左心室分割

心血管疾病严重威胁着人类的健康,具有高患病率、高致残率和高病死率的特点。其早期的诊断与治疗有助于改善心脏的功能和患者的预后,降低患者的病死率。左心室(left ventricle,LV)的准确分割是量化心室容积、射血分数、左心室质量、壁增厚以及壁运动异常等临床指标以定量分析心脏整体和局部的功能,进而诊断和治疗心血管疾病的关键步骤。心脏CT血管造影术(cardiac CT angiography, CCTA)由于无创、操作简便,已经成为临床上一种重要的诊断方法。然而,由于心脏CT图像中左心室区域与背景区域对比不明显、存在噪声等影响,使得左心室分割存在一定的难度。左心室的手动分割既费时又费力,其准确的分割依赖于有经验的操作者,否则易受操作者主观性影响,增加误诊率。计算机辅助诊断(computer aided diagnosis, CAD)系统可提供一种更准确、更客观的自动高效的辅助诊断方式,其中,左心室的分割是设计用于诊断心血管疾病的医学CT图像CAD系统的重要步骤。因此,左心室的分割方法研究具有重要的科学意义和应用价值。
基于中医传承辅助平台研究治疗复发性阿弗他溃疡与消化性溃疡方剂的组方用药差异

目的基于中医传承辅助平台(V2.5)软件分析治疗复发性阿弗他溃疡(RAU)与消化性溃疡(PU)方剂的组方用药差异。方法筛选CNKI、VIP、万方数据库中近5年来治疗RAU与PU的方剂,通过中医传承辅助平台(V2.5)系统构建数据库,利用该软件集成的关联规则及熵聚类等数据挖掘算法,比较治疗RAU与PU方剂中的药味频次、剂量、药物性味归经、常用药物配伍及挖掘得到潜在药对与新方的异同。结果RAU与PU方剂中,前20位高频次药物有9味相同、11味不同。在相同药味的剂量上RAU以黄芩、黄连剂量较大,PU以白术、砂仁剂量较大。二者四气五味比较,均寒温并用,但RAU以甘寒要为主,其次为苦寒、辛温;PU以甘温为主,其次为辛温、苦寒。归经均以脾胃经为主,表明两者的发病均与脾胃有关,二者具有一致性;其次RAU与心有关,PU与肝有关其具有差异。此外挖掘发现了潜在药对和新方,RAU为28个、14个和PU为16个、8个。结论RAU与PU处方用药同中有异,各有侧重,提示治疗RAU重在清热燥湿、清心滋阴,治疗PU重在疏肝理气、行气化瘀。
不同生长期和不同加工方式山楂叶中总黄酮的含量测定

目的测定并比较不同生长期和不同加工方式山楂叶中总黄酮含量的差异。方法采用分光光度法测定总黄酮的含量。结果不同的生长期、经不同方式加工后,山楂叶总黄酮的含量在7 ~ 9月份达到最高。结论以提取总黄酮为目的山楂叶最适宜在夏、秋(7 ~ 9月份)季节采收,最佳加工方式为晾干。
新型水禽用禽流感载体疫苗可有效阻断H5亚型禽流感病毒的复制和扩散

水禽是禽流感病毒的储存宿主,是环境中禽流感病毒的主要来源。在我国水禽种类中,鸭子占有比例最大。我国水禽年养殖量达30~40亿只,占世界养殖总量的70 %以上,养殖方式千差万别,地域分布广泛。一方面,鸭子感染多数禽流感病毒后不发病、不死亡,病毒在肠道内增殖,而后向环境释放大量病毒粒子,这些隐性携带病毒的鸭子被称为传播禽流感病毒的“特洛伊木马”,是家禽、哺乳动物乃至人类最主要的禽流感传染源。另一方面,某些流感病毒对鸭子自身呈高致病性,感染后引起发病和死亡,造成较大的经济损失。据农业部历年全国性流行病和病原主动监测数据,水禽H5亚型禽流感疫苗免疫覆盖率小于30 %,且检出的H5亚型禽流感病毒主要来自活禽市场的表面健康鸭。这些未免疫隐性带毒鸭的存在无疑为禽流感的变异和传播提供了条件。以上因素已经成为我国H5亚型禽流感防控的制约瓶颈。提高水禽尤其是鸭子禽流感疫苗免疫覆盖率,对我国和东南亚长期有效控制乃至根除H5亚型禽流感,具关键意义。
顺铂联合氟尿嘧啶致急性可逆性脑白质病1例

顺铂属于非特异性铂类抗肿瘤药,其抗肿瘤活性强、效果显著,可单独使用,也可与其他抗肿瘤药物联合使用,但其具有严重的肾毒性和神经毒性。氟尿嘧啶属于细胞周期特异性抗代谢类药物,临床应用广泛,主要作用于细胞分裂的S期,其不良反应有骨髓抑制、消化道反应等,严重者可出现腹泻、静脉炎,较为罕见的有心脏毒性和神经系统毒性。神经系统毒性主要表现为小脑共济失调、意识不清、言语不利及眼球震颤等。本文报道1例顺铂联合氟尿嘧啶致急性可逆性脑白质病的病例,旨在进一步促进医务人员对顺铂联合氟尿嘧啶可能引起严重神经毒性的重视。
通窍活血汤对缺血性卒中后抑郁大鼠海马行为学及海马齿状回BDNF的影响

目的探讨通窍活血汤对缺血性卒中后抑郁大鼠行为学及海马齿状回BDNF表达的影响。方法30只健康雄性Wistar实验大鼠随机分为假手术组(Sham组)、卒中后抑郁模型组(PSD组)、通窍活血汤组高、中、低剂量组,采用复合造模法制备PSD大鼠模型,7、14天后对大鼠进行行为学检测,并采用免疫印迹法检测各组大鼠海马齿状回BDNF的表达情况。结果治疗后第7天、14天,通窍活血汤组能改善PSD大鼠行为学评分,部分分组特别是中药高剂量组与模型组比较具有统计学差异(P <0.05),海马齿状回的脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)计数较模型组升高(P <0.05) 。结论通窍活血汤可影响缺血性卒中后抑郁大鼠行为学,对海马齿状回BDNF的表达的影响可能是其改善PSD大鼠行为学的因素之一。
羟考酮超前镇痛在脊柱内镜髓核摘除术中的作用

脊柱内镜技术创伤小,恢复快且疗效确切,近年来越来越多地应用于腰椎间盘突出症的治疗。脊柱内镜髓核摘除术过程中为了避免神经损伤,一般选择在局部浸润麻醉下进行操作,病人保持清醒状态,便于术中准确地评价其神经功能,但术中病人紧张焦虑,疼痛刺激明显,特别是在打磨小关节和神经松解时可引起交感神经兴奋,严重时可导致心脑血管意外的发生,因此术中必要的清醒镇静和镇痛具有重要意义,符合舒适化医疗服务的要求。
肝细胞癌围手术期抗复发治疗进展

肝细胞癌(以下简称肝癌)是全球第5大常见恶性肿瘤,列肿瘤致死原因第2位,全球每年肝癌新增病例85万,呈上升趋势。外科手术为治愈肝癌惟一可能途径。随着手术技术的进步、围手术期管理水平的提高,高科技器械、设备以及新材料的应用,肝脏手术安全性大为提高.仍须看到的是,大量先进技术和新型抗癌药物被用于肝癌治疗,而治疗效果并未获得显著突破.欧洲肝脏病协会(EASL)制定的巴塞罗那肝癌分期系统,使几乎所有病期肝癌病人都能获得相应的治疗,并对预后做出了相应预测.该系统的缺陷是手术指征过于严格,使很多能从肿瘤切除中获益的B、C期病人丧失手术治疗的机会。而对有条件接受手术的B、C期病人进行以手术为主的综合治疗,结果提示其疗效优于EASL指南推荐的治疗方案。手术适应证的扩大,同时再对病人制定个体化治疗方案,兼顾“质”与“量”两方面提高了肝癌的治疗水平。然而手术切除肿瘤并不能彻底清除肝癌的病因,即便手术将可视肿瘤完全切除,但残余肝内肝细胞仍有很高的癌变风险.肝脏移植同样无法彻底解决问题,肝炎病毒再激活、肿瘤复发转移的比例仍很高。肝癌复发仍是病人致死的主要原因,所以如何提高手术疗效、降低肝癌术后复发,围手术期抗复发治疗有待深入探讨。
肝硬化门静脉高压症食管、胃底静脉曲张破裂出血诊治专家共识(2019版)

为规范肝硬化门静脉高压症食管、胃底静脉曲张破裂出血的临床诊断与治疗,中华医学会外科学分会原门静脉高压学组发布了《肝硬化门静脉高压症食管、胃底静脉曲张破裂出血诊治专家共识(2015)》(以下简称2015版共识).该共识为肝硬化门静脉高压症食管、胃底静脉曲张破裂出血的临床诊断和治疗提供了一个基本的规范,发表后得到了临床医师的认可与接受。鉴于门静脉高压症领域的技术进步与理念更新,为了充分反映该领域国内外的最新进展,中华医学会外科学分会脾及门静脉高压外科学组再次组织相关专家对2015版共识进行了修订更新,制订了《肝硬化门静脉高压症食管、胃底静脉曲张破裂出血诊治专家共识(2019版)》(以下简称2019版共识),以期为临床医师提供更为规范、可行的治疗指导意见。2019版共识同样不作为强制性标准,仅为临床医师针对病人的具体情况制订最佳治疗方案提供参考。
儿童软组织肌上皮癌超声表现3例

综上所述,儿童软组织肌上皮癌是一种罕见的恶性肿瘤,临床表现为无痛性肿块,部分肿块增长迅速,因此超声检查前询问患儿病史尤为重要。而超声检查作为一种便捷、无创、无辐射的检查方法,可以清楚、方便地观察肿瘤的形态、大小、边界、回声、血流、与周围软组织的关系及是否存在转移。病史与超声影像的紧密结合可以为软组织肌上皮癌患儿的临床诊断提供更有力的资料,而超声鉴别肿瘤的良恶性对于肌上皮癌患儿的早期诊断、早期治疗及预后均具有重要的临床意义,同时超声也可作为术后随访的重要检查手段。
2019年度大气科学领域项目评审与研究成果分析

2018年6月,第八届国家自然科学基金委员会(以下简称自然科学基金委)第一次全体委员会议审议通过了新时代基金深化改革的总体目标和改革思路,通过确立基于“鼓励探索、突出原创;聚焦前沿、独辟蹊径;需求牵引、突破瓶颈;共性导向、交叉融通”4类科学问题属性分类的资助导向。“大气科学”学科被列为面上项目分类评审试点改革学科。因此,大气学科处2019年的分类评审工作主要以“落实资助导向、推动精准资助”为总体思路,以鼓励和支持原创性、交叉性的科学研究,扶持薄弱学科,促进各学科均衡、协调和可持续发展为原则,开展相关工作。
2019年度地球物理学和空间物理学学科基金项目评审与成果分析

着重分析了2019年度地球物理学和空间物理学学科面上项目、青年科学基金项目和地区科学基金项目的申请和评议情况、送审原则及资助情况;总结了2018年底结题项目完成情况和研究成果。
2019年度地质科学领域基金项目评审与成果分析

2019年度国家自然科学基金委员会(以下简称自然科学基金委)地球科学学部二处共受理各类项目3 202项。其中面上项目、青年科学基金项目(以下简称青年基金)和地区科学基金项目(以下简称地区基金;该3类项目简称为“面青地”项目)分别为1 400,1 409和131项。重点项目(以地质学为申报学科,下同)93项,国家杰出青年科学基金项目(以下简称杰青项目)56项,优秀青年科学基金项目(以下简称优青项目)113项。
眼眶首发的Erdheim - Chester病1例临床病理分析

目的探讨眼眶Erdheim-Chester病(Erdheim-Chester disease,ECD)的临床病理学特征、免疫表型及基因突变表现。方法回顾性分析1例眼眶受累ECD患者的临床资料、病理特征及基因突变情况,并复习相关文献。结果患者男性, 55岁,以双眼反复肿胀,突出伴流泪1年入院,双侧眼睑反复肿胀,眼球显著突出,眶压(†††),活动受限;CT示双侧眼眶球后多发性占位,X线示双侧股骨中下段及胫腓骨全段骨髓质异常,胸部及腹部CT显示心影增大、心包及胸膜腔积液、双肾积水、肾周及腹膜后渗出;眼眶病变组织镜下见增生的纤维组织间大量泡沫状或胞质嗜酸性的组织细胞,并可见多核巨细胞、淋巴细胞、浆细胞和少量嗜酸性粒细胞;免疫表型: CD68、CD163、vimentin均阳性,S-100灶阳性,CD1a、 SMA、desmin和MPO均阴性,Ki-67增殖指数< 3%;分子检测BRAFV~(600E)基因突变。结论ECD属于罕见的非朗格汉斯组织细胞增生症,起病隐匿,累及多个器官、进展快、预后差,需与朗格汉斯组织细胞增生症鉴别,应结合临床表现、影像学检查、病理学特征和分子检测早诊断、早治疗。
游离胸背动脉穿支皮瓣修复小儿足跟部软组织缺损的临床经验

2016年12月至2018年9月,采用游离胸背动脉穿支皮瓣(TDAP)修复小儿(年龄不超过14岁)足跟部软组织缺损15例,皮瓣全部成活。随访7~12个月,跟腱无挛缩,皮瓣外形美观,肩关节功能良好。TDAP是治疗小儿足跟部软组织缺损的理想方法之一。
Improving anode performances of lithium-ion capacitors employing carbon–Si composites

The lithium-ion capacitor is a promising energy storage system with a higher energy density than traditional supercapacitors. However, its cycling and rate performances, which depend on the electrochemical properties of the anode, are still required to be improved. In this work, soft carbon anodes reinforced using carbon–Si composites of various compositions were fabricated to investigate their beneficial influences on the performance of lithium-ion capacitors. The results showed that the specific capacities of the anodes increased significantly by 16.6 mAh·g~(-1) with 1.0 wt% carbon–Si composite, while the initial discharge efficiency barely changed. The specific capacity of the anode with a 10.0 wt% carbon–Si composite reached 513.1 mAh·g~(-1), and the initial discharge efficiency was 83.79%. Furthermore, the anodes with 7.5 wt% or lower amounts of carbon–Si composite demonstrated reduced charge transfer resistances, which caused an improvement in the rate performance of the lithium-ion capacitors. Moreover, the use of the optimized amount(7.5 wt%) of carbon–Si composite in the anode could significantly improve the cycling performance of the lithium-ion capacitor by compensating the consumption of active lithium. The capacity retention of the lithium-ion capacitor reached 95.14% at 20 C after 10,000 cycles, while the anode potential remained below 0.412 V, which is much lower than that of a soft carbon anode.
Experimental investigation on dynamic response of flat blades with underplatform dampers

One test rig with three blades and two Under-Platform Dampers (UPDs) is established to better understand the dynamical behavior of blades with UPDs. A pre-loaded spring is used to simulate the centrifugal load acting on the damper, thereby achieving continuous adjustment of the pressing load. UPDs with different forms, sizes and materials are carefully designed as experimental control groups. Noncontact measurement via a laser Doppler velocimeter is employed and contact excitation which is performed by an electromagnetic exciter is adopted to directly obtain the magnitude of the excitation load by a force sensor mounted on the excitation rod. Particular attention is paid to the influence of the contact status of the contact surfaces, e.g. the pressure-sensitive paper is used to measure the effective contact area of the UPDs. The experimental variables are selected as the centrifugal force, the amplitude of the excitation force, the damper mass, the effective contact area, and the damper material. The Frequency Response Function (FRF) of the blade under different experimental parameters is obtained by slow frequency sweep under sinusoidal excitation to study the influence of each parameter on the dynamic characteristics of the blade and the mechanism analysis is carried out combined with the experimental results.
A pre-generated matrix-based method for real-time robotic drilling chatter monitoring

Currently, due to the detrimental effects on surface finish and machining system, chatter has been one crucial factor restricting robotic drilling operations, which improve both quality and efficiency of aviation manufacturing. Based on the matrix notch filter and fast wavelet packet decomposition, this paper presents a novel pre-generated matrix-based real-time chatter monitoring method for robotic drilling. Taking vibration characteristics of robotic drilling into account, the matrix notch filter is designed to eliminate the interference of spindle-related components on the measured vibration signal. Then, the fast wavelet packet decomposition is presented to decompose the filtered signal into several equidistant frequency bands, and the energy of each sub-band is obtained. Finally, the energy entropy which characterizes inhomogeneity of energy distribution is utilized as the feature to recognize chatter on-line, and the effectiveness of the presented algorithm is validated by extensive experimental data. The results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively detect chatter before it is fully developed. Moreover, since both filtering and decomposition of signal are implemented by the pre-generated matrices, calculation for an energy entropy of vibration signal with 512 samples takes only about 0.690 ms. Consequently, the proposed method achieves real-time chatter monitoring for robotic drilling, which is essential for subsequent chatter suppression.
2623名患者红细胞不规则抗体筛选结果分析

目的:对红细胞抗体筛选阳性的标本进行红细胞不规则抗体特异性鉴定与分析,为临床安全输血提供帮助.方法: 2011年8月至2018年12月天津市各医院送至本中心实验室检测的2623份血液标本,进行红细胞不规则抗体筛选和鉴定;采用低离子强度溶液-抗人球蛋白微柱凝胶卡方法和盐水直接离心方法进行抗体筛选和抗体鉴定.结果:共检出2744个红细胞抗体,其中2139个为同种抗体,509个为自身抗体,96份标本未能确定抗体特异性;在所检出的同种抗体中,Rh系统的抗体最常见,占比为54.7%(其中抗-E 26.2%,抗-c 8.7%,抗-C 7.7%,抗-e 6.9%,抗-D 4.9%), MNS系统、Lewis系统、Kidd系统、P系统、Duffy系统、Kell系统、Diego系统均有抗体检出.结论:在输血前检测中,为预防检出不规则抗体的情况出现,应提前备血,以免由此导致的延迟输血,影响治疗.
重视循证医学研究在结核病国际指南中发出"中国声音"

最近,2019版《WHO耐药结核病治疗指南》(简称"《2019指南》")正式发布,与前几版的耐药指南相比,《2019指南》几乎颠覆了既往指南中选取有效药物的策略,在国内广泛使用的二线药物如卷曲霉素、丙硫异烟胺等药物已完全被排斥于核心药物之外。虽然《2019指南》推荐的首选方案在结核病高负担国家的可操作性并不强,引起了包括中国在内的许多国家的专家的热议,但是纵观《2019指南》的制订过程,从制订小组的建立、文献的搜集,以及证据的分级等,都体现了严谨的科学态度和充足的依据。中国作为利福平耐药结核病疫情高发的国家,治疗耐多药结核病已具有丰富的经验,然而在国际相关指南中却鲜有高等级的证据来自中国,例如《2019指南》共引用了215篇文献,其中中国学者的参考文献只有8篇,与治疗方案相关的参考文献只有2篇。如何在中国的大量患者中得到确切的证据,为中国结核病患者提供适合中国人群的诊疗建议,为国际指南提供依据,在国际指南中发出"中国声音",是结核病防治工作者需要思考的又一重要问题。
放射性粒子治疗颅内肿瘤标准化流程专家共识

放射性粒子治疗颅内肿瘤已有70余年历史,大量前瞻性研究和回顾性分析得到一致结论,该疗法微创安全,需要外科干预(清除血肿、置入引流管)的严重并发症的总发生率<1.29%。由于放射性粒子近距离颅内肿瘤治疗的特殊性,需要跨学科医师,如神经外科、放疗科、物理师、介入科医师共同完成,治疗上的风险以及没有建立标准的治疗流程就成为制约该技术应用的重要因素。各研究报道对放射性粒子治疗颅内肿瘤疗效评价不一,差别较大,原因为不同研究者选择患者的标准、手术方法不同,普遍缺乏根据不同类型肿瘤制定的个体化靶区和处方剂量标准,甚至鲜有靶区勾画原则和剂量学描述。因此,从科学研究的角度,应该建立基本统一的治疗流程。
Rongchang and Xifeng capsules suppress pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures and change rest/wake behavior in zebrafish larvae

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of Rongchang capsule and Xifeng capsule on pentylenetetrazoleinduced epilepsy in zebrafish larvae and to explore the possible mechanisms behind their actions. METHODS: We utilized a trajectory tracking system to monitor seizures in zebrafish larva to confirm that certain concentrations of Rongchang capsule and Xifeng capsule produce antiepileptic effects. c-fos expression was assessed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to validate the efficacy of the capsules. Rest/wake behavior and correlation analysis predicted the targets of Rongchang capsule and Xifeng capsule. RESULTS: Larval movement times and total distances traveled by zebrafish larvae experiencing pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures were decreased by valproate treatment. Rongchang (500 μg/ mL)and Xifeng (200 μg/mL)rescued the epileptic behaviors and down-regulated c-fos expression in the brains of larvae, which indicated antiepileptic effects. The rest/wake behavioral profiles showed that Rongchang and Xifeng differentially decreased rest time at night and increased larval locomotor activities during the day. Based on correlation between the actions of the two capsules and known compounds, we predicted that they might change rest/wake behaviors by affecting serotonin, GABAergic and histamine signaling pathways. CONCLUSION: The efficacy of Rongchang capsule and Xifeng capsule in alleviating epilepsy-like behaviors and molecular responses was confirmed. Our study provides insight into the capsules' effect on epilepsy.
经口内镜下幽门肌切开术治疗胃轻瘫二例

胃轻瘫是指排除了胃流出道器质性梗阻后的胃排空延迟所导致的恶心、呕吐、上腹饱胀等一系列症候群,目前尚缺乏非常有效的治疗手段。经口内镜下幽门肌切开术(G-POEM)是治疗胃轻瘫的微创内镜新技术,目前国内外文献对该技术的报道不多。现总结浙江中医药大学附属第一医院采用G-POEM成功治疗的2例胃轻瘫患者的诊治过程,供同行参考。
Compaction analysis and optimisation of convex-faced pharmaceutical tablets using numerical techniques

Capping failure, edge chipping, and non-uniform mechanical properties of convex-faced pharmaceutical tablets are common problems in the pharma industry. In this paper, the finite element method(FEM) and design of experiment techniques are used to determine the optimal shape of convexfaced(CF) pharmaceutical tablet which has more uniform mechanical properties and less capping and chipping tendency. The effects of different geometrical parameters and friction on the compaction responses of convex-faced pharmaceutical tablets were first identified and analysed. An FEM model of the tabletting process was generated using the implicit code ABAQUS and validated against experimental measurements. Response surface methodology was used to establish the relationship between the design variables, represented by the geometrical parameters and friction coefficient, and compaction responses of interest including residual die pressure, relative density variation within a tablet, and relative shear stress at the edge of a tablet. A statistical-based optimisation approach was then used to optimise the shape of CF tablets. The obtained results demonstrated how the geometrical parameters and friction coefficient of CF pharmaceutical tablets strongly affect their compaction behaviour and quality.
Optimization of magnetic anomaly detection with single-axis sensor for pig locating in low latitude areas

When a pig mounted with permanent magnets gets stuck in the pipeline,it can be located by detecting the magnetic anomalies on the ground using a single-axis magnetic sensor.In order to collect the magnetic anomaly efficiently through single-axis magnetic sensor,a geometric detection model and calculation method for singleaxis magnetic anomaly detection is established in this paper.The distribution of magnetic inclination and declination of the measuring points is obtained.The results indicate that the magnetic inclination of all measuring points vary within a small range of 2°,and this value is highly dependent on the magnetic sensor which is configured aboveground around the geomagnetic inclination.However,the magnetic declination at different points of detection surface is subject to the geomagnetic components and the Y-axis component of the magnetic field of magnets.The magnetic declinations distribute irregularly and vary in a wide range.Therefore,to achieve a high-efficiency detection with the single-axis sensor,the sensor shall be placed in such a manner that the magnetic inclination thereof coincides with the geomagnetic inclination.The magnetic declination of the sensor can be calculated using s,the superposed Y-axis component induced by the permanent magnets,and the corresponding formula given in this paper.The article demonstrates the feasibility of locating a blocked pig in the pipeline based on the single-axis magnetic anomaly detection.It will have a practical significance in guiding the engineering detection.
Impact of methane adsorption on tight rock permeability measurements using pulse-decay

The permeability of the rock is usually measured by the injection of gas using Darcy's flow model (pulse-decay).For oil formations,helium and nitrogen are the most common gases used to measure the permeability of the rock.However,recent approaches are based on the use of methane as it minimizes the properties difference between the testing fluid and reservoir fluid.This work focused on the latter approach to compute the correction of gas adsorption.The most widely used model is Cui et al.model that is based on Langmuir adsorption isotherm.In this work,we introduced a modified model that is based on Freundlich isotherm.This model also includes the correction for gas adsorption such as Freundlich isotherms proved to be more appropriate for the adsorption on intact reservoir rock.The model is based on gas and rock properties and reduced pressure and temperature were used to accommodate the gas compressibility.The modified model can also capture effective porosity of adsorption (φa) that can correct the pulse-decay storage capacity parameters a and b.The permeability estimation of ultra-tight samples using the modified approach is enhanced owing to the correction in the storage volume and rock porosity.Including the proper adsorption isotherm enhanced the porosity estimation because Langmuir isotherm yielded 11% porosity and Freundlich isotherm yielded 12% porosity.Similar results were obtained in the permeability estimation,Langmuir isotherm resulted in a 1.5% error compared to zero error in the Freundlich isotherm estimation.