mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Pre-stack elastic reverse time migration in tunnels based on cylindrical coordinates

Seismic forward-prospecting in tunnels is an important step to ensure excavation safety. Nowadays, most advanced imaging techniques in seismic exploration involve calculating the solution of elastic wave equation in a certain coordinate system. However, considering the cylindrical geometry of common tunnel body, Cartesian coordinate system seemingly has limited applicability in tunnel seismic forwardprospecting. To accurately simulate the seismic signal received in tunnels, previous imaging method using decoupled non-conversion elastic wave equation is extended from Cartesian coordinates to cylindrical coordinates. The proposed method preserves the general finite-difference time-domain(FDTD)scheme in Cartesian coordinates, except for a novel wavefield calculation strategy addressing the singularity issue inherited at the cylindrical axis. Moreover, the procedure of cylindrical elastic reverse time migration(CERTM)in tunnels is introduced based on the decoupled non-conversion elastic wavefield. Its imaging effect is further validated via numerical experiments on typical tunnel models. As indicated in the synthetic examples, both the PP- and SS-images could clearly show the geological structure in front of the tunnel face without obvious crosstalk artifacts. Migration imaging using PP-waves can present satisfactory results with higher resolution information supplemented by the SS-images. The potential of applying the proposed method in real-world cases is demonstrated in a water diversion tunnel. In the end, we share our insights regarding the singularity treatment and further improvement of the proposed method.
Theoretical verification of the rationality of strain energy storage index as rockburst criterion based on linear energy storage law

The rationality of using strain energy storage index(Wet)for evaluating rockburst proneness was theoretically verified based on linear energy storage(LES)law in this study. The LES law is defined as the linear relationship between the elastic strain energy stored inside the solid material and the input strain energy during loading. It is used to determine the elastic strain energy and dissipated strain energy of rock specimens at various loading/unloading stress levels. The results showed that the Wet value obtained from experiments was close to the corresponding theoretical one from the LES law. Furthermore,with an increase in the loading/unloading stress level, the ratio of elastic strain energy to dissipated strain energy converged to the peak-strength strain energy storage index(W_(et)~p). This index is stable and can better reflect the relative magnitudes of the stored energy and the dissipated energy of rocks at the whole pre-peak stage than the strain energy storage index. The peak-strength strain energy storage index can replace the conventional strain energy storage index as a new index for evaluating rockburst proneness.
Activated carbon prepared from waste tire pyrolysis carbon black via CO_2/KOH activation used as supercapacitor electrode

As the quantity of waste tires increases, more pyrolysis carbon black (CBp), a type of low value-added carbon black, is being produced. However, the application of CBp has been limited. Therefore, it is necessary to identify and expand applications of CBp. This work focuses on the preparation of activated carbon (AC) from CBp using the physicochemical activation of carbon dioxide (CO_2) and potassium hydroxide (KOH). Thereafter, AC is applied to the electrode of the electrical double-layer capacitor (EDLC). The AC prepared by CO_2/KOH activation exhibited a hierarchical pore structure. The specific surface area increased from 415 to 733 m~2 g~(-1), and in combination with low ash content of 1.51%, ensured abundant ion diffusion channels and active sites to store charge. The EDLC comprising the AC (AC-2) electrode prepared by excitation of CO_2 (300 sccm) and KOH had a reasonable gravimetric specific capacitance of 192 F g~(-1) at 0.5 A g~(-1), and exhibited a good rate capability of 73% at 50 A g~(-1) in a three-electrode system. Moreover, the EDLC device comprising the AC-2 electrode delivered excellent cycling stability (capacitance retention of 106% after 10000 cycles at 2 A g~(-1) in a two-electrode system). Furthermore, a symmetric supercapacitor based on an AC electrode that exhibits a supreme energy density of 4.7 Wh kg~(-1) and a maximum power density of 6362.6 W kg~(-1) is demonstrated.
Research progress on space charge layer effect in lithium-ion solid-state battery

The development of lithium-ion solid electrolyte provides new ideas for solving the safety problems of secondary lithium-ion batteries (LIB) and, at the same time, the improvement of energy density. However, the consequent solid-solid interfacial problems have become a typical bottleneck to the performance. It has been considered that the space charge layer (SCL) formed at the interface to balance the sharp electrochemical inherent difference of properties is one of the most important factors that affect the ion transportation along and across the interface. Its existence may hinder ion transportation and increase the interfacial impedance but may also help to provide a new percolation path for lithium ion and so to enhance the ion migration. However the mechanism of SPL formation and its regulation on ion transport is not very clear, so it has raised a lot of attention and interest from LIB researchers. The purpose of this article is to try to gain some knowledge of SCL and, at the same time to browse through the related research in recent years. Hopefully, it may help those interested in solid electrolyte development for all-solidstate lithium-ion batteries (ASSB) in the future.
Real-time adaptive particle image velocimetry for accurate unsteady flow field measurements

Almost all conventional open-loop particle image velocimetry (PIV) methods employ fixed-interval-time optical imaging technology and the time-consuming cross-correlation-based PIV measurement algorithm to calculate the velocity field. In this study, a novel real-time adaptive particle image velocity (RTA-PIV) method is proposed to accurately measure the instantaneous velocity field of an unsteady flow field. In the proposed closed-loop RTA-PIV method, a new correlation-filter-based PIV measurement algorithm is introduced to calculate the velocity field in real time. Then, a Kalman predictor model is established to predict the velocity of the next time instant and a suitable interval time can be determined. To adaptively adjust the interval time for capturing two particle images, a new high-speed frame-straddling vision system is developed for the proposed RTA-PIV method. To fully analyze the performance of the RTA-PIV method, we conducted a series of numerical experiments on ground-truth image pairs and on real-world image sequences.
Variability of microphysical characteristics in the “21·7” Henan extremely heavy rainfall event

In this study, significant rainfall microphysical variability is revealed for the extremely heavy rainfall event over Henan Province in July 2021 (the “21·7” Henan EHR event) using a dense network of disdrometers and two polarimetric radars. The broad distributions of specific drop size distribution (DSD) parameters are identified in heavy rainfall from the disdrometer observations, indicating obvious microphysical variability on the surface. A K-means clustering algorithm is adopted to objectively classify the disdrometer datasets into separate groups, and distinct DSD characteristics are found among these heavy rainfall groups. Combined with the supporting microphysical structures obtained through radar observations, comprehensive microphysical features of the DSD groups are derived. An extreme rainfall group is dominantly formed in the deep convection over the plain regions, where the high number of concentrations and large mean sizes of surface raindrops are underpinned by both active ice-phase processes and efficient warm-rain collision-coalescence processes in the vertical direction. Convection located near orographic regions is characterized by restricted ice-phase processes and high coalescence efficiency of liquid hydrometeors, causing the dominant DSD group to comprise negligible large raindrops. Multiple DSD groups can coexist within certain precipitation episodes at the disdrometer stations, indicating the potential microphysical variability during the passage of convective system on the plain regions.
Design and catalytic atroposelective synthesis of axially chiral isochromenone-indoles

The catalytic atroposelective synthesis of axially chiral isochromenone-indoles has been established by the strategy of designing homophthalic anhydride-based indole derivatives as a new type of indole-based platform molecules for dynamic kinetic resolution.By this strategy,a wide range of axially chiral isochromenone-indoles were synthesized in high yields with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 98% yield,97% ee) via the catalytic asymmetric sulfonylation reaction of homophthalic anhydridebased indole derivatives with aryl sulfonyl chlorides under the catalysis of chiral quaternary ammonium salt as a phase-transfer catalyst.
A simple structure copolymer donor based on carboxylated benzodithiophene for polymer solar cells

The design and development of low-cost and efficient photovoltaic materials remain a major challenge for the research and application of polymer solar cells (PSCs).Therefore,developing efficient photovoltaic polymers with simple structure and easy preparation has become an important research topic.Here we report a facilely synthesized electron-donating polymer X1 with a simple chemical structure,which is composed of carboxylated benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene (BDT) and thiophene unit.The carboxylate substituents on the BDT unit endowed the polymer with appropriate solubility,low-lying highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level,and superior absorption.The PSCs based on X1 as the donor showed a high power conversion efficiency of 16.6%,with a remarkable short-circuit current density of 27.07 mA cm~(-2).These results demonstrated that X1 is a highly promising candidate for low-cost and efficient PSCs.Furthermore,this study revealed the potential of carboxylated BDT as an effective building block in the research and development of high-performance photovoltaic materials.
Qualitative properties and classification of solutions to elliptic equations with Stein-Weiss type convolution part

In this paper, we study the qualitative properties and classification of the solutions to the elliptic equations with Stein-Weiss type convolution part. Firstly, we study the qualitative properties, such as the symmetry, regularity and asymptotic behavior of the positive solutions. Secondly, we classify the non-positive solutions by proving some Liouville type theorems for the finite Morse index solutions and stable solutions to the nonlocal elliptic equations with double weights.
Synthesis of yolk-shell Bi_2O_3@TiO_2 submicrospheres with enhanced potassium storage

Due to their enormous potential for large-scale energy storage,rechargeable potassium-ion batteries have been widely researched and developed.However,the drastic volume change of electrode materials induced by the huge size of potassium ions during cycling remains a challenge for the construction of stable anodes.Herein,we propose a novel weak acid etching strategy to design and fabricate robust yolk-shell spheres with enough internal void space,in which the Bi_2O_3 nanospheres are well confined in the compartments of TiO_2 submicrospheres (y-Bi_2O_3@TiO_2).In situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and ex situ Xray diffraction (XRD) are conducted to elucidate the structural evolution of y-Bi_2O_3@TiO_2 and the interaction between K~+ and Bi_2O_3 during cycling.Thanks to the yolk-shell nanoarchitecture and the superior buffering property of outer TiO_2 covering,the as-obtained composite shows a high specific capacity of 383.5 mAh g~(-1) at 100 mA g~(-1),a considerable rate capacity of 134.1 mAh g~(-1) at 2 A g~(-1) and a stable cycling performance of 216.8 mAh g~(-1) at 500 mA g~(-1) over 500 cycles when used for potassium storage.Subsequently,the potassium-ion full battery,constructed by pairing y-Bi_2O_3@TiO_2 anode with the thermally annealed 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) cathode,exhibits an outstanding cycling stability.Hopefully,this carefully-designed strategy can inspire the further development of superior energy storage materials in the near future.
Collapsing scenario for the k-essence emergent generalized Vaidya spacetime in the context of massive gravity's rainbow

In this study, we investigate the collapsing scenario for the k-essence emergent Vaidya spacetime in the context of massive gravity’s rainbow. For this study, we consider that the background metric is Vaidya spacetime in massive gravity’s rainbow. We show that the k-essence emergent gravity metric closely resembles the new type of generalized Vaidya massive gravity metric with the rainbow deformations for null fluid collapse, where we consider the k-essence scalar field as a function solely of the advanced or the retarded time. The k-essence emergent Vaidya massive gravity rainbow mass function is also different. This new type k-essence emergent Vaidya massive gravity rainbow metric satisfies the required energy conditions. The existence of a locally naked central singularity and the strength and strongness of the singularities for the rainbow deformations of the k-essence emergent Vaidya massive gravity metric are the interesting outcomes of the present work.
Exclusive π0 production at EIC of China within handbag approach

Exclusive π~0 electroproduction is analyzed within the handbag approach based on Generalized Parton Distribution(GPDs) factorization. We consider the leading-twist contribution together with the transversity effects.It is shown that the transversity GPDs H_T and E_T are essential in the description of the π~0 cross section. Predictions for the future Electron-Ion Collider of China(EicC) energy range are provided. It is found that transversity dominance σ_T>>σ_L, observed at low energies, is valid up to the EicC energy range.
Microbiome-metabolome analysis reveals cervical lesion alterations

Cervical cancer (CC) continues to be one of the most common cancers among females worldwide. It takes a few years or even decades for CC to arise in a minority of women with cervical precancers. An increasing corpus of studies today indicates that local microecology and carcinogenesis are intimately related. To investigate the changes in cericovaginal microecology with the development of cervical cancer, we performed 16S rDNA sequencing and metabolomic analysis in cericovaginal fluid from 10 LSIL patients, 10 HSIL patients, 10 CC patients and 10 healthy controls to reveal the differential flora and metabolites during cervical carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis is associated with alterations in microbiome diversity, individual taxa, and functions with notable changes in Lactobacillus, Prevotella and Aquabacterium, as well as in cervicovaginal metabolites that correlate with cervicovaginal microbial patterns. Increased bacterial diversity and a decline in the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, the dominant species in the cericovaginal flora, are observed when cervical lesions advance. According to KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, lipids and organic acids change as cervical cancer progresses, and the phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis pathway is essential for the development of cervical cancer. Our results reveal that microbic and metabolomic profiling is capable of distinguishing CC from precancer and highlights potential biomarkers for the early detection of cervical dysplasia. These differential microorganisms and metabolites are expected to become a potential tool to assist in the diagnosis of cervical cancer.
A short P-wave duration is associated with incident heart failure in the elderly: a 15 years follow-up cohort study

BACKGROUND Early identification of patients at risk of congestive heart failure (HF) may alter their poor prognosis. The aim was therefore to test whether simple electrocardiographic variables, the P-wave and PR-interval, could predict incident HF. METHODS The PIVUS (Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors) study (1016 individuals all aged 70 years, 50% women) was used to identify predictors of HF. Subjects with prevalent HF, QRS duration ≥ 130 ms, atrial tachyarrhythmias, implanted pacemaker/defibrillator, second-and third-degree atrioventricular block or delta waves at baseline were excluded. Cox proportional hazard analysis was used to relate the PR interval, P-wave duration (Pdur) and amplitude (Pamp), measured in lead V1, to incident HF. Adjustment was performed for gender, RR-interval, beta-blocking agents, systolic blood pressure, body mass index and smoking. RESULTS Out of 836 subjects at risk, 107 subjects were diagnosed with HF during a follow-up of 15 years. In the multivariate analysis, there was a strong U-shaped correlation between Pdur in lead V1 and incident HF (P = 0.0001) which was significant for a Pdur < 60 ms [HR = 2.75; 95% CI: 1.87-4.06, at Pdur 40 ms] but not for prolonged Pdur. There was no significant relationship between incident HF and the PR-interval or the Pamp. A Pdur < 60 ms improved discrimination by 3.7% when added to the traditional risk factors including sex, RR-interval, beta-blocking agents, systolic blood pressure, BMI and smoking (P = 0.048). CONCLUSIONS A short Pdur, an easily measured parameter on the ECG, may potentially be a useful marker of future HF, enabling its early detection and prevention, thus improving outcomes.
A Lightweight Compact Lithium-Ion Battery Thermal Management System Integratable Directly with EV Air Conditioning Systems

This paper discusses an improved thermal management system to ameliorate the performance of lithium-ion battery storage systems for electric vehicles (EVs) applications.A compact and lightweight cold plate is designed and fabricated to fit 18650-type lithium-ion batteries,using aluminum-finned copper tubes.A dynamic temperature PID (proportional,integral,differential) control algorithm for electronic expansion valves is developed to study using EV air conditioning refrigerant,R134a,to control battery modules' temperature with this compact and lightweight thermal management system.The experimental results show that the proposed battery thermal management system can effectively control the battery module's temperature.In addition,during 1C discharge,when the PID temperature algorithm control scheme is used,the maximum temperature difference across the battery module peaks at less than 4°C,and the maximum temperature within the battery module is less than 36°C.
Numerical Study on Thermoelectric Power Generator in Combustor

Micro gas turbine is a typical distributed energy resource system.The temperature of the burning gas in the combustor reaches 1000 K or even more,which makes a huge temperature difference in the combustor an interesting topic for heat recovery.In this work,thermoelectric devices are used for heat recovery in the combustor of the micro gas turbine.A flow-thermal-electric multiple-physical numerical model is used for the combustor and thermoelectric device power generation system.The effect of the winglet vortex generators installed at the outer wall of the flame tube on the system performance is examined.The numerical results show that the best matching load is about 1.4 times the internal resistance which provides the maximum power output for the thermoelectric generator.Active cascade control of heat transfer enhancement elements on flame tube considering wall safety and conversion efficiency of thermoelectric generator under high temperature and large temperature drop is proposed.The numerical results show that the conversion efficiency of thermoelectric generator can be increased by more than 80%,and the average wall temperature can be reduced by 35 K by using non-uniform arrangement of the winglet vortex generators.
Performance Analysis of an Integrated Supercritical CO_2 Recompression/Absorption Refrigeration/Kalina Cycle Driven by Medium-Temperature Waste Heat

A novel power and cooling cogeneration system which combines a supercritical CO_2 recompression cycle (SCRC),an ammonia-water absorption refrigeration cycle (AARC) and a Kalina cycle (KC) is proposed and investigated for the recovery of medium-temperature waste heat.The system is based on energy cascade utilization,and the waste heat can be fully converted through the simultaneous operation of the three sub-cycles.A steady-state mathematical model is built for further performance study of the proposed system.When the exhaust temperature is 505°C,it is shown that under designed conditions the thermal efficiency and exergy efficiency reach 30.74% and 61.55%,respectively.The exergy analysis results show that the main exergy destruction is concentrated in the heat recovery vapor generator (HRVG).Parametric study shows that the compressor inlet pressure,the SCRC pressure ratio,the main compressor and the turbine I inlet temperature,and the AARC generator pressure have significant effects on thermodynamic and economic performance of the combined system.The findings in this study could provide guidance for system design to achieve an efficient utilization of medium-temperature waste heat (e.g.,exhaust heat from gas turbine,high-temperature fuel cells and internal combustion engine).
Comparison Study of a Novel Tank PV/T Hot Water System and a Heat Pipe PV/T System

A novel tank-Photovoltaic-thermal (PV/T) system is presented in this paper,and its energy performance has been compared with a traditional heat pipe PV/T system.The novel tank PV/T system combines photovoltaic cell,heat absorbing plate and hot-water storage tank which expands the heat exchange area,shortens the heat transfer path and saves the module installation space.A prototype system is constructed and tested in a cold weather condition and then compared with a heat pipe PVT system.The experimental results indicate that during the 10 days' testing,the electrical,thermal and overall efficiency of the tank PV/T system ranges from 14.3% to 15.6%,38.6% to 43.8% and 53.1% to 58.1%,respectively,while the heat pipe PVT system ranges from 10.9% to 12.2%,39.3% to 41.2% and 50.5% to 53.4%,respectively.Based on these data,the electrical and thermal efficiency curve of the system with the novel tank-PVT system and heat pipe PVT system were generated.According to the comparison result,it shows that the novel tank-PVT system has a better thermal and electrical efficiency.This system provides a new design method for the development of the PV/T systems,which has a potential for PV/T systems building integration in the future.