mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Optimization design of an interior permanent-magnet synchronous machine for a hybrid hydraulic excavator

A hybrid power transmission system (HPTS) is a promising way to save energy in a hydraulic excavator and the electric machine is one of the key components of the system. In this paper, a design process for permanent-magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) in a hybrid hydraulic excavator (HHE) is presented based on the analysis of the working conditions and requirements of an HHE. A parameterized design approach, which combines the analytical model and the 2D finite element method (FEM), is applied to the electric machine to improve the design efficiency and accuracy. The analytical model is employed to optimize the electric machine efficiency and obtain the stator dimension and flux density distribution. The rotor is designed with the FEM to satisfy the flux requirements obtained in stator design. The rotor configuration of the PMSM employs an interior magnet structure, thus resulting in some inverse saliency, which allows for much higher values in magnetic flux density. To reduce the rotor leakage, a disconnected type silicon steel block structure is adopted. To improve the air gap flux density distribution, the trapezoid permanent magnet (PM) and centrifugal rotor structure are applied to PMSM. Demagnetization and armature reactions are also taken into consideration and calculated by the FEM. A prototype of the newly designed electric machine has been fabricated and tested on the experimental platform. The analytical design results are validated by measurements.
A Piecewise Modeling Approach for Climate Sensitivity Studies: Tests with a Shallow-Water Model

In model-based climate sensitivity studies, model errors may grow during continuous long-term integrations in both the "reference" and "perturbed" states and hence the climate sensitivity (defined as the difference between the two states). To reduce the errors, we propose a piecewise modeling approach that splits the continuous long-term simulation into subintervals of sequential short-term simulations, and updates the modeled states through re-initialization at the end of each subinterval. In the re-initialization processes, this approach updates the reference state with analysis data and updates the perturbed states with the sum of analysis data and the difference between the perturbed and the reference states, thereby improving the credibility of the modeled climate sensitivity. We conducted a series of experiments with a shallow-water model to evaluate the advantages of the piecewise approach over the conventional continuous modeling approach. We then investigated the impacts of analysis data error and subinterval length used in the piecewise approach on the simulations of the reference and perturbed states as well as the resulting climate sensitivity. The experiments show that the piecewise approach reduces the errors produced by the conventional continuous modeling approach, more effectively when the analysis data error becomes smaller and the subinterval length is shorter. In addition, we employed a nudging assimilation technique to solve possible spin-up problems caused by re-initializations by using analysis data that contain inconsistent errors between mass and velocity. The nudging technique can effectively diminish the spin-up problem, resulting in a higher modeling skill.
Analysis of Tibetan Plateau Vortex Activities Using ERA-Interim Data for the Period 1979-2013

Based on the ECMWF Interim reanalysis (ERA-Interim) 500-hPa height data for the period 1979-2013, the Tibetan Plateau vortex (TPV) activities are investigated with an objective identification and tracking algorithm. The vortex tracks over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) and its vicinity are identified, and the cold/warm nature of the TPV is revealed from the 500-hPa temperature fields. A TPV activity dataset is thus derived. Examination of the TPV frequency, intensity, persistence, geographical location, and migration from the TP suggests an average of 53 TPVs annually during the study period, with 6.7 of them shifting out of the TP. For these vortexes, the longer the lifetime, the lower the frequency, and 81% of the TPVs are initially warm in nature. The particularly high-intensity vortexes occur dominantly in the rainy period (May-September), with their origin mainly in western Nagqu and northern Ali. They disappear largely in the Tanggula maintain area on the east side of the vortex high-frequency center and the Dangqu River valley in western Qinghai Province, possibly due to the topography. It is also found that the frequency of TPVs is decreasing, with 2 fewer TPV occurrences per 10 yr. Meanwhile, it is statistically significant that 1.4 fewer TPVs move out of the TP and the percentage of TPVs moving out of the TP versus the total number of TPVs has reduced by 2.3% every 10 yr.
Dust Aerosol Effects on Cirrus and Altocumulus Clouds in Northwest China

Dust aerosol effects on the properties of cirrus and altocumulus cloud in Northwest China were studied for the period March-May 2007 by using the satellite data of Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO), Aqua, and CloudSat. Dusty clouds were defined as those mixed with dust aerosols or existing in dust aerosol conditions, while pure clouds were those in a dust-free environment. For dusty altocumulus clouds, the mean values of cloud optical depth (OPD), cloud liquid water path (LWP), cloud ice water path (IWP), cloud effective particle radius (R_e), and cloud effective particle diameter (D_e) were 6.40,40.23 g m~(-2), 100.70 g m~(-2), 8.76 μm, and 40.72 μm, respectively. For pure altocumulus clouds, the corresponding mean values were 9.28, 76.70 g m~(-2), 128.75 g m~(-2), 14.03 μm, and 48.92 μm, respectively. These results show a significant decrease of OPD, LWP, IWP, R_e, and D_e of approximately 31%, 48%, 22%, 38%, and 17% because of the effects of dust aerosols. Moreover, the effects of dust aerosols on liquid-phase altocumulus clouds were greater than on ice-phase altocumulus clouds. Regarding dusty cirrus clouds, the mean values of OPD, IWP, and D_e were 5.11, 137.53 g m~(-2), and 60.44 μm, respectively. In contrast, the mean values were 6.69, 156.17 g m~(-2) , and 66.63 μm, respectively, for pure cirrus clouds, with a 24% decrease in OPD, a 12% decrease in IWP, and a 9% decrease in D_e. These results indicate that dust aerosols can significantly change cloud properties, leading to a reduction of OPD, LWP, and effective particle size for both altocumulus and cirrus clouds in Northwest China.
Toward Paris: China and climate change negotiations

This article explains the challenges and evolution of climate change governance by linking governance and diplomacy. The challenges of climate change involve not only international competition for new energy but also related adjustments of global governance in this area. To be specific, the carbon emission reductions are still problematic, and negotiations surrounding financing mechanisms between developed and developing countries hang in doubt. Furthermore, the attitude of the two sides toward CBDRs (common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capacities) and INDCs (intended nationally determined contributions) is disparate. Finally, this article outlines some diplomatic policies for China's future developmental trend.
Preparation of earthquake-triggered landslide inventory maps using remote sensing and GIS technologies: Principles and case studies

Inventory maps of earthquake-triggered landslides can be constructed using several methods, which are often subject to obvious differences due to lack of commonly accepted criteria or principles. To solve this problem, the author describes the principles for preparing inventory maps of earthquake-triggered landslides, focusing on varied methods and their criteria. The principles include the following key points: all landslides should be mapped as long as they can be recognized from images; both the boundary and source area position of landslides should be mapped; spatial distribution pattern of earthquake-triggered landslides should be continuous; complex landslides should be divided into distinct groups; three types of errors such as precision of the location and boundary of landslides, false positive errors, and false negative errors of earthquake-triggered landslide inventories should be controlled and reduced; and inventories of co-seismic landslides should be constructed by the visual interpretation method rather than automatic extraction of satellite images or/and aerial photographs. In addition, selection of remote sensing images and creation of landslides attribute database are also discussed in this paper. Then the author applies these principles to produce inventory maps of four events: the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan, China M_w 7.9, 14 April 2010 Yushu, China M_w 6.9, 12 January 2010 Haiti M_w 7.0, and 2007 Aysen Fjord, Chile M_w 6.2. The results show obvious differences in comparison with previous studies by other researchers, which again attest to the necessity of establishment of unified principles for preparation of inventory maps of earthquake-triggered landslides.
Ultra-fine grinding and mechanical activation of mine waste rock usinga high-speed stirred mill for mineral carbonation

CO_2 sequestration by mineral carbonation can permanently store CO_2 and mitigate climate change. However, the cost and reaction rate of mineral carbonation must be balanced to be viable for industrial applications. In this study, it was attempted to reduce the carbonation costs by using mine waste rock as a feed stock and to enhance the reaction rate using wet mechanical activation as a pre-treatment method. Slurry rheological properties, particle size distribution, specific surface area, crystallinity, and CO_2 sequestration reaction efficiency of the initial and mechanically activated mine waste rock and olivine were characterized. The results show that serpentine acts as a catalyst, increasing the slurry yield stress, assisting new surface formation, and hindering the size reduction and structure amorphization. Mechanically activated mine waste rock exhibits a higher carbonation conversion than olivine with equal specific milling energy input. The use of a high-speed stirred mill may render the mineral carbonation suitable for mining industrial practice.
脑血管造影后以下肢麻木为首发症状的腹膜后血肿一例

讨论RPH 是股动脉穿刺的严重并发症之一,发生率为0. 1% ~2. 0% ,因RPH 部位隐蔽而无法压迫止血,若未及时发现和抢救,患者会发生失血性休克甚至死亡。
初次复发或进展后外周T 细胞淋巴瘤患者的生存期

外周T细胞淋巴瘤(peripheral T-cell lymphoma, PTCL)在非霍奇金淋巴瘤中占10%~15%,易复发、生存期短是其主要临床特点。目前大量用于复发难治性(relapse/refractory, RR)PTCL 的新药研究正在进行,因缺乏常规挽救化疗患者生存期的大样本数据,新药对RR-PTCL预后的改善尚未可知。
高血压危象患者使用硝普钠出现精神紊乱1例的用药分析

硝普钠(sodium nitroprusside)是一种速效和短时作用的血管扩张剂, 作用持续时间1 ~ 10 min, 能在体内释放NO, 强有力地扩张动脉和静脉。主要用于治疗高血压危象, 全身麻醉时控制性降压, 严重心力衰竭(心衰)中减轻前后负荷及伴随心肌梗死的严重心衰。硝普钠含有44%的氰化物, 这些氰化物可以不经过酶代谢, 直接从硝普钠中释放出来。肾功能不全、输注速度过快、输注时间过长都会导致氰化物在体内蓄积中毒。本文通过对1例高血压危象患者使用硝普钠发生精神紊乱的原因进行分析, 探讨硝普钠中枢毒性的发生特点和处理方法, 为对使用硝普钠的患者实施药学监护提供参考。
"衰老"词源学探析

衰老是人口老龄化面临的首要问题,本文通过梳理衰老的词源学和概念演变、探讨衰老的相关关系和年龄界定、分析生理性衰老和病理性衰老的关系,从而明晰衰老的概念内涵,厘清衰老的相关关系。
可溶性髓系细胞触发受体-1在ICU老年全身炎症反应综合征患者感染的诊断与预后评估中的价值

ICU是医院内部感染的高发区域,而脓毒症是ICU主要的致死因素之一,对于老年危重病人尤为危险。脓毒症是患者由于感染或可疑感染引起的过度全身炎症反应综合征(SIRS)。老年患者易于发生感染,并且感染后容易被漏诊。目前对于ICU老年危重患者以白细胞计数、C反应蛋白(CRP)和血清降钙素原检测为主,临床上迫切需要高灵敏、高特异性的早期诊断及预后评估中的指标。髓系细胞触发受体(TREM)-1是最近证实的在嗜中性粒细胞,单核细胞和巨噬细胞中表达的一种受体,也是免疫球蛋白超家族的成员。Bouchon等研究表明在细菌感染时嗜中性粒细胞和单核细胞的TREM-1表达显著上调,而在非感染性炎性中则无明显改变。 Gibot等发现在感染性休克患者血清中可溶性TREM-1 (sTREM-1)表达显著升高,表明TREM-1在放大炎症反应中发挥重要的作用,sTREM-1可能是脓毒症的一个有效的生物标志物。本研究旨在了解sTREM-1在ICU老年SIRS患者早期诊断和预后评估的价值。
TFAM在卵母细胞成熟和早期胚胎发育中的作用

线粒体在生殖细胞的发育和功能发挥着重要的作用。线粒体含有一组母系遗传基因,在生殖细胞发育过程中应将未受活性氧损伤的线粒体遗传给后代。核基因编码的线粒体转录因子A(TFAM)是线粒体转录和翻译的重要调控因子,调控线粒体DNA的拷贝,影响卵母细胞和胚胎的发育。本文主要从TFAM对卵母细胞、胚胎影响的角度进行了综述。
成都市老年人生活质量及社会支持比较

目的分析成都市社区老年人与养老机构老年人生活质量及社会支持的现状及关系。方法采用健康测量量表(SF-36)和社会支持评定量表(SRSS)调查成都市386名60岁以上社区老年人生活质量和社会支持现状,并与养老机构组380名老年人进行比较,分析老年人社会支持与其生活质量的相关性。结果成都市社区与养老机构老年人生活质量总分差异不显著(P>0.05);社区老年人社会支持总分明显高于养老机构老年人(P<0.05);社会支持与生活质量呈显著正相关(r=0.239,P<0.01)。结论成都市社区老年人与养老机构老年人所获得的社会支持现状虽然存在一定的差异,但总的生活质量水平均处于良好状态。
2型糖尿病肾病患者血浆网膜素-1水平变化与胱抑素C的相关性

目的探讨2型糖尿病肾病(DN)患者血浆网膜素(Omentin)-1水平改变及与胱抑素C (CysC)的关系,阐明Omentin-1在DN发生发展中的作用机制。方法将115例2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者根据尿白蛋白排泄率(UAER)分成糖尿病正常白蛋白尿组(SDM组)、微量白蛋白尿组(EDA组)和大量白蛋白尿组(CDN组),同时选择我院健康体检者32例作为正常对照(NC)组,采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定血浆Omentin-1水平,并分析血浆Omentin-1与CysC的关系。结果SDM组、EDA组和CDN组血浆Omentin-1水平低于NC组,CysC水平高于NC组(P<0.01);EDA组和CDN组血浆Omentin-1水平低于SDM组,CysC水平高于SDM组(P<0.05或P<0.01);CDN组血浆Omentin-1水平低于EDA组,CysC水平高于EDA组(P<0.01)。血浆Omentin-1与CysC、UAER、体重指数(BMI)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、内皮素1(ET-1) 、空腹胰岛素(Fins)呈明显负相关(r=-0.345、-0.457、-0.251、-0.523、-0.185、-0.201,P<0.05或P<0.01),与一氧化氮(NO)和高低度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)呈明显正相关(r=0.162,P<0.05和0.173,P<0.01)。CysC、UAER和HOMA-IR是影响DN患者血浆Omentin-1水平的独立相关因素。结论血浆Omentin -1水平与胰岛素抵抗、内皮功能障碍和CysC密切相关,在DN的发病中具有重要作用,可能是反映DN早期肾脏损害的重要生物标志物。
Y(OTf)_3-catalyzed heterocyclic formation via aerobic oxygenation: An approach to dihydro quinazolinones and quinazolinones

The Y(OTf)_3-catalyzed aerobic oxidative cyclization reaction for the selective synthesis of dihydroquinazolinones and quinazolinones has been developed. This method provides a practical, effective and green synthetic approach to dihydroquinazolinones and quinazolinones which both are important units in many biologically active compounds.
Ruthenium deposited on MCM-41 as efficient catalyst for hydrolytic dehydrogenation of ammonia borane and methylamine borane

Ultrafine Ru nanoparticles are successfully deposited on MCM-41 by using a simple liquid impregnationreduction method, and further investigated for catalytic hydrolysis of ammonia borane and methylamine borane. Among all the catalysts tested, 1.12 wt% Ru/MCM-41 exhibits the highest catalytic activity, with turnover frequency value of 288 min~(-1).
急诊科实施层级联合小组责任制管理的研究

目的探讨层级联合小组责任制管理在急诊护理质量控制中的应用效果,提高急诊科护理质量。方法设计护士长-大组长-小组长-轮班护士4层科室管理层级;将37名护士根据层级、工作能力、性格特点组成责任小组,分别安排在抢救室、监护室、观察室、输液室,每3个月能力考核后进行轮转;小组长根据工作量安排人员进行轮休和部门之间的人员调配。结果实施层级联合小组责任制管理后护理质量考核得分较之前(2011年)显著提高(均P<0.05);8个方面的护理问题大幅度下降。结论急诊科实施层级联合小组责任制管理有利于护理质量持续提高,有利于提升护士自我管理能力和工作能力。
Effect of soil physical–chemical properties on the decay of standing Pinus koraiensis in Xiaoxing'an Mountains, northeast China

We selected 18 rotten and nine healthy postmature live standing Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) to study the correlation between the degree of tree decay and soil physical–chemical properties in the Dialing Forest District of the Xiaoxing'an Mountains, China. One transverse section of each sample tree at 40–50 cm height above the ground was tested by Resistograph to determine the inner decay status. We collected soil samples around the root zones (6–20 cm depth) of each sample tree to test the soil physical–chemical indicators including moisture content, bulk density, total porosity, pH, organic matter content, total and hydrolyzed N contents, total and available P contents, total and available K contents, and C/N ratio. The degree of decay of postmature Korean pine live standing trees was significantly and positively correlated with the C/N ratio (R = 0.838, P\0.05), organic matter(R = 0.615, P = 0.007) and moisture content (R = 0.543, P = 0.020) of soil around the root. The contents of total N, hydrolyzed N and available P in the soil under healthy sample trees were significantly greater than those under decayed sample trees, and larger N and P contents might inhibit the decay fungi breeding in soils of pH 4.4–6.29. The optimum multiple regression equation for degree of tree decay on soil physical–chemical indicators showed that the linear correlations between the degree of decay and soil C/N ratio and pH were significant (P\0.01) and the correlation was high (R2 = 0.778). Enhancement soil C/N ratio and pH could promote the decay of tree trunks.
Culm characteristics and volume-weight relationship of a forest bamboo (Melocanna baccifera (Roxb.) Kurz) from northeast India

Culm characteristics of Melocanna baccifera, locally ‘muli', culms at five different culm ages of 11 girth classes (5–6 to 15–16 cm) were studied from Cachar District of southern Assam, northeast India. We recorded internode length, internode diameter, number of internodes per culm, total culm height, total culm green weight and total culm volume of all five culm age classes. Data were gathered on 165 culms, each culm age class containing 33 culms with 3 culms per girth class. Culm height ranged from 3.2 to 15.3 m with highest mean of 9.15 m (in threeyear old culms) and maximum culm height was recorded in four-year old culms. Highest mean and maximum internode length (27.45 and 54.2 cm, respectively), internode diameter (3.12 and 4.75 cm, respectively) and total culm green weight (5.42 and 12.87 kg/culm, respectively) were recorded in three-year old culms and lowest in current-year culms. Best fitted regression models for all parameters were developed. Significant linear relationships between culm green weight and culm solid volume were documented for all five culm age classes. Their corresponding best-fit regression models were also developed.
Growth rates of Eucalyptus and other Australian native tree species derived from seven decades of growth monitoring

There is widespread interest in estimating and forecasting individual tree and forest growth rates for restoration and carbon sequestration objectives. Outside intensively managed forests, past attempts have been limited by the lack of accurate long-term monitoring in multi-age mixed native forests to provide estimates of both expected mean diameter increments and the statistical variation in those estimates. A dataset from Eucalyptus-dominated native forests in subtropical Queensland, Australia offers an opportunity to provide accurate estimates of tree and forest growth rates. Over 86,400 trees from 155 native species were identified and remeasured between 1936 and 2011 in 641 permanent sample plots across a 500–2000 mmmean annual rainfall gradient. Individual tree diameter at breast height(DBH) increments observed for all species ranged mainly from 0.01 to 0.5 cm yr~(-1) (94 % of values), with consistent differences between rainfall zones (mean of 500– 2000 mm yr~(-1)), and varying differences between species(155) and stem diameter class (10–100 cm). For some species, diameter increment increased progressively with rainfall(e.g. Eucalyptus siderophloia, Eucalyptus propinqua, and Lophostemon confertus), but in others (e.g. Corymbia citriodora subsp. variegata, Corymbia intermedia, and Eucalyptus biturbinata) the greatest diameter increments were recorded between 1200 and 1600 mm yr~(-1). Where there were sufficient data, most species exhibited a quadratic relationship between DBH increment and DBH class, but two species (Callitris glaucophylla and Eucalyptus crebra) native to the 500–800 mm annual rainfall zone showed linear increases in DBH increment with increasing DBH. Continued monitoring of these plots would add to their already great value.
Comparison of typhoon-induced near-inertial oscillations in shear flow in the northern South China Sea

With moorings equipped with Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers(ADCP) in the northern South China Sea(SCS) in 2008 and 2009, we observed three near-inertial oscillation(NIO) events coded 2008a, 2009a and 2009b induced by passages of typhoons or tropical storms. This study compares characteristics of the three NIO events. Event 2008a was the strongest one among the three, and had the longest sustaining period(15 d), while events 2009a and 2009b sustained for only 4 and 8 d, respectively. The three events were distinguished by vertical energy distribution and phase propagation. As for the frequency shift of the NIO, event 2008a had a peak frequency lower than the local Coriolis frequency(red-shift), while events 2009a and 2009b showed blue-shift. The behavior of individual NIO event is jointly decided by the typhoon disturbance and the background ocean condition. Especially the background flow plays an important role by effects of advection and modulation. The results in this study provide observational evidence of variational NIO response to background flow field. As indicated by the distribution of vorticity and effective Coriolis frequency derived from numerical modeling, the large amplitude and elongated sustaining period of event 2008a were attributed to the waveguide effect of the background shear flow. This effect redistributed the NIO energy after the typhoon passage, absorbed incident waves and trapped energy in the area of the negative vorticity. While the background flow during events 2009a and 2009b did not have such effects due to the near-zero vorticity in the mooring area.
A Scheme for Verifying the Integrity of Outsourced Data

Unauthorized tampering with outsourced data can result in significant losses for both data owner and users. Data integrity therefore becomes an important factor in outsourced data systems. In this paper, we address this problem and propose a scheme for verifying the integrity of outsourced data. We first propose a new authenticated data structure for authenticating membership queries in sets based on accumulators, and then show how to apply it to the problem of verifying the integrity of outsourced data. We also prove that our scheme is secure under the q-strong Diffie-Hellman assumption. More importantly, our scheme has the constant cost communication, meanwhile keeping other complexity measures constant. Compared to previous schemes based on accumulators, our scheme reduces update cost and so improves previous schemes based on accumulators. In addition, the experimental comparison shows that our scheme outperforms the previous schemes.
Finding the Hidden Hands: A Case Study of Detecting Organized Posters and Promoters in SINA Weibo

With the development of online social networks, a special group of online users named organized posters (or Internet water army, Internet paid posters in some literatures) have flooded the social network communities. They are organized in groups to post with specific purposes and sometimes even confuse or mislead normal users. In this paper, we study the individual and group characteristics of organized posters. A classifier is constructed based on the individual and group characteristics to detect them. Extensive experimental results on three real datasets demonstrate that our method based on individual and group characteristics using SVM model (IGCSVM) is effective in detecting organized posters and better than existing methods. We take a first look at finding the promoters based on the detected organized posters of our IGCSVM method. Our experiments show that it is effective in detecting promoters.
帕金森病早期预警预测的现状和建议

帕金森病是常见的神经退行性疾病,65岁以上老年人口患病率约1.7%。帕金森病临床特征包括运动症状如运动减少、静止性震颤、肌强直和姿势步态异常,以及非运动症状如睡眠障碍、感觉和自主神经功能异常等。目前帕金森病的临床诊断仍主要基于特征性的运动症状。
心肺复苏后昏迷评估中国专家共识

心肺复苏(cardiopulmonary resuscitation)后昏迷患者可能会出现预后不良[脑功能分类评分(Cerebral Performance Categories Score,CPCS) 3 ?5分],如果能在脑损伤早期客观、准确地评估其严重程度并预测预后,则可合理地进行医疗投入或撤退。自20世纪60年代以来,国内、外学者开始致力于心肺复苏后昏迷患者的评估研究,并取得了长足进步。为了更好地应用这一研究成果,为临床医师或患者家属提供医疗决策依据,中华医学会神经病学分会神经重症协作组从临床征象、神经电生理、神经生化和神经影像4个方面对心肺复苏后昏迷评估进行了撰写。撰写步骤包括文献检索与复习(1988-2014年Medline和CNKI数据库)、证据级别确认和推荐意见确认(2011版牛津循证医学中心标准)3个步骤。对证据暂不充分,经专家讨论达到高度共识后提高推荐级别(A级推荐)。对假阳性率过高的I级证据,经专家讨论达到高度共识后降低推荐级别(B级推荐)。
自然杀伤细胞预防急性移植物抗宿主病相关研究进展

造血干细胞移植(HSCT)是治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤的主要方法,而急性移植物抗宿主病(aGVHD)是制约HSCT成功的关键因素。研究发现,供者来源的自然杀伤(NK)细胞在发挥抗肿瘤效应的同时,可能存在抗aGVHD作用,为预防aGVHD的发生带来了新的希望。但由于HSCT后重建的NK细胞处于功能不成熟阶段,不表达或弱表达NK细胞免疫球蛋白受体(KIR) 、Ly49D等受体,不能有效发挥其生物学功能,因此,在异基因HSCT后输注供者来源的NK细胞是HSCT后续重要支持治疗。
L_1陈旧性骨折继发胸腰段侧后凸畸形合并腹壁肌肉萎缩性膨隆一例

单侧腹壁肌肉麻痹性萎缩(unilateral paresis of the abdominal wall, UPAW)是一种罕见的临床特征,见于糖尿病神经病变、创伤性或非创伤性压迫,甚至医原性损伤引起的神经病变,可引起下腹壁局部感觉功能障碍,外观上可出现腹壁萎缩性膨隆。极少部分是由于脊柱疾病引起。由于该病症出现隐匿,在临床上容易被忽视。笔者报告1例L1陈旧性骨折伴胸腰段后凸畸形合并UPAW患者,以加深临床医师对该并发症的认识。
再谈知识、行为与艾滋病

2013年11月,笔者于本杂志发表了一篇题为"知识、行为与艾滋病"文章。在其中谈了一些自身感悟和体会,尝试浅释改变人的社会行为习惯的挑战性。时至今日总颇感意犹未甘,借今期版面再谈谈这个话题,谈谈知识与行为之间的桥梁--态度。在社会心理学领域,从知识到行为之间需要中介或桥梁,通常将信念或态度作为两者的桥梁。信念或态度的内涵在这一学科领域里既有区别,在很高程度上又有相同,至少在行为发生的倾向性上,两者是一致的。这种心理倾向性就是知识与行为的桥梁。因此为方便起见,本文暂用态度来代表两者,这也符合艾滋病防治领域的惯例。普及预防艾滋病知识是前提,引导和强化态度是途径和桥梁,减少和控制高危行为、避免感染艾滋病便是结果。