mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Energy transfer in co- and tri-doped Y_3Al_5O_(12) phosphors

Single-doped(Ce~(3+),Tb~(3+)), co-doped(Ce~(3+)-Tb~(3+), Ce~(3+)-Yb~(3+), Tb~(3+)-Yb~(3+))and tri-doped(Ce~(3+)-Tb~(3+)-Yb~(3+))Y_3Al_5O_(12) phosphors were synthesized by a solid-state reaction method. The XRD, excitation and emission spectra and the fluorescence lifetime of the samples were measured. The energy transfer mechanism was also investigated. The results showed that the energy transfer efficiency from Tb~(3+) to Ce~(3+) was 51% and the energy transfer efficiency from Ce~(3+) to Yb~(3+) was 63.1%. Concomitantly, both were more efficient than that from Ce~(3+) to Tb~(3+)(7%)and from Tb~(3+) to Yb~(3+)(10.2%). Also, the Yb~(3+) ions received energy mainly from Ce~(3+) ions in Ce~(3+)-Tb~(3+)-Yb~(3+) tri-doped Y_3Al_5O_(12) phosphors. Among these materials, Ce~(3+)-Yb~(3+) co-doped YAG phosphors are a better choice than others as a down-conversion material due to their higher energy transfer efficiency.
Leaching hydrodynamics of weathered elution-deposited rare earth ore with ammonium salts solution

In order to reveal the permeability rule of leaching agent solution and the effects of anions in the leaching process of weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth(RE)ores, the effects of ammonium concentration, temperature, particle size and porosity on the permeability were discussed in detail with(NH_4)_2SO_4, NH_4Cl and NH_4NO_3 as the leaching agent. It was found that the permeation velocity of ammonium salts increased linearly with the increase of hydraulic gradient. The seepage of ammonium salts solution in the RE ores followed Darcy's law and displayed a laminar flow. The properties of the leaching agent solution and RE ores were the main factors that affect the permeability of RE ores. With the decrease of ammonium concentration and increase of temperature, the viscosity of solution decreased and the permeability coefficients of RE ores increased. And the effects of temperature on the viscosity and permeability were larger than ammonium concentration. The permeability of RE ores became worse with the decrease of particle size and porosity, and the particle size played a more important role compared with porosity. The permeability coefficient of RE ores increased and the viscosity of ammonium salts solution decreased in the order of(NH_4)_2SO_4, NH_4Cl and NH_4NO_3, implying that the penetrating power of anions increased in the order of SO_4~(2–), Cl~– and NO_3~–. The results may play a vital role in improving the permeability of weathered crust elution-deposited RE ores.
Evaluation of Ce(III) and Gd(III) adsorption from aqueous solution using CTS-g-(AA-co-SS)/ISC hybrid hydrogel adsorbent

CTS-g-(AA-co-SS)/ISC hybrid hydrogel adsorbent with crosslinked network structure and superior adsorption performance for rare-earth metal ions was successfully synthesized in aqueous solution by a simple one-step free-radical grafting polymerization reaction among acrylic acid(AA), sodium p-styrenesulfonate(SS)and chitosan(CTS)using illite/smectite clay(ISC)as the inorganic additive. The structure of the as-prepared CTS-g-(AA-co-SS)/ISC hydrogel adsorbent was characterized, and the reaction parameters such as AA/SS molar ratio and ISC content were optimized, and the effects of pH values, initial concentration and contact time on the adsorption performance for Ce(III)and Gd(III)were systematically evaluated. It was found that the maximum adsorption capacities of the hydrogel adsorbent toward Ce(III)and Gd(III)reached 174.05 and 223.79 mg/g, respectively, and the adsorption quickly achieved equilibrium within 15–20 min. The adsorbed Ce(III)and Gd(III)could be easily desorbed for recovery, and the used adsorbent was able to be regenerated for reuse. After five adsorption-desorption cycles, the regenerated adsorbent could still retain the adsorption capacities that were close to the initial value. The adsorption process was well described by pseudo-second-order kinetic mode and the Langmuir isotherm model, and the chemical complexation between ions and –COO– was mainly responsible for the high adsorption capacity. As a whole, the hybrid hydrogel adsorbent was potential to be used for the adsorption and recovery of Ce(III)and Gd(III)from water.
肾纤维肉瘤一例

将CT、MRI及临床三者结合,有利于提高RF的术前诊断正确率。当发现肾脏较大的肿块,CT平扫呈中等密度,增强后具有延迟强化的特点,在MRI上,T_1WI呈等高信号, T_2WI呈混杂信号,且临床无明显泌尿系症状或仅有肉眼血尿时,应高度提示RF的可能。术前穿刺活检予以确诊,可以避免肾脏全切,保留尽量多的功能性肾组织。
利用Agilent Intuvo 9000进行水和土壤样品中柴油类总石油烃含量的快速分段检测方法

建立了使用Agilent Intuvo 9000 GC进行水和土壤样品中柴油类总石油烃的快速分段检测方法.在实验条件下,C_(10)—C_(14)、C_(15)—C_(28)和C_(29)—C_(36)所得曲线线性良好,r~2均大于0.999,且最低检出限分别9.9、29.2、 13.3 mg·L~(-1),峰面积的重复性RSD均小于0.6%.实际样品的分析结果表明此方法分析速度快 (<3.2 min) 、稳定性好,与常规方法的分析结果基本一致.同时Intuvo 9000 GC的独特保护柱芯片设计能够有效提升仪器的抗污染能力,可以有效减少分析时间,大大提高分析效率.
In vivo antiplasmodial activity of Bombax buonopozense root bark aqueous extract in mice infected by Plasmodium berghei

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the in vivo antiplasmodial activity and the oral acute toxicity of the Bombax buonopozense root bark aqueous extract. METHODS: The in vivo antiplasmodial activity of the root bark aqueous extract of Bombax buonopozense against early and established rodent malaria infections in chloroquine sensitive Plasmodium berghei strain in mice was investigated, and oral acute toxicity of the aqueous root bark extract of Bombax buonopozense was also evaluated in mice. RESULTS: The findings of this study revealed significant (P < 0.05) and dose dependent decrease in parasitaemia in the parasitized groups treated with varying doses of the extract (50-200 mg/kg p.o.) in both suppressive and curative tests. There was also significant decrease in parasitaemia density in the chloroquine treated group. The aqueous extract was found no toxicity in mice and the oral LD_(50) was determined to be greater than 5000 mg/kg. CONCLUSION: Bombax buonopozense root bark aqueous extract possesses potent antiplasmodial activity and may therefore, serve as potential sources of new antimalarial agents.
2017年6月计算机病毒疫情分析

2017年6月,国家计算机病毒应急处理中心共发现病毒1,176,365个,比5月上升70.6%,新增病毒33,224个,比5月上升82.4%,感染计算机57,085,489台,比5月上升58.7%,主要传播途径仍以“网络钓鱼”和“网页挂马”为主。
生命的本质和特例--“极端微生物专刊”序言

所谓极端微生物(extremophile)是站在人类的角度,对栖居于地球上所有“非宜居”空间中的微生物的统称。这些微生物包括嗜热、嗜冷、嗜酸、嗜碱、嗜盐、嗜压,以及仍然有待发现的其他嗜 “极”微生物。沧海桑田,大千世界,微生物一直在地球和生命的协同演化过程中扮演着重要角色。随着我们对地球深部和宇宙深部探测能力的不断增长,新的生命形式还在不断被发现。因此,无论对回答“生命本质”和“物种演化”这样的基础科学问题,还是对开拓具有特殊用途的新型微生物资源,研究极端微生物都具有重要的意义。
The biogeographical distribution of tree species-abundance and its relation to climatic factors in mass islands

Tree species-abundance in forests is a function of geographical area and climate, although it is not clear whether such relationships apply to mass islands. We examined the spatial pattern of tree species in mass islands along the coast of Zhejiang, East China Sea using the Preston model, to identify the relationships between tree communities and climatic conditions. The results show that: (1) the biogeographical distribution of tree species-abundance conformes to Preston’s log-normal pattern, and is in accordance with the findings in both tropical rainforests and estuarine forests; (2) the climatic factors related to tree communities in mass islands are similar to that of the subtropical zone, including the major species of evergreen needle-leaf, broad-leaf and deciduous broad-leaf forests. We conclude that the Preston model can be applied to the trees of mass islands and thus facilitate the systematic ecological researches of vegetation species’ composition in subtropical zone.
Nonparametric estimations of the sea state bias for a radar altimeter

To estimate the sea state bias (SSB) for radar altimeter, two nonparametric models, including a Nadaraya-Watson (NW) kernel estimator and a local linear regression (LLR) estimator, are studied based on the Jason-2 altimeter data. Selecting from different combinations of the Gaussian kernel function, spherical Epanechnikov kernel function, a fixed bandwidth and a local adjustable bandwidth, it is observed that the LLR method with the spherical Epanechnikov kernel function and the local adjustable bandwidth is the optimal nonparametric model for the SSB estimation. The comparisons between the nonparametric and parametric models are conducted and the results show that the nonparametric model performs relatively better at high-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. This method has been applied to the HY-2A altimeter as well and the same conclusion can be obtained.
An ocean current inversion accuracy analysis based on a Doppler spectrum model

Microwave remote sensing is one of the most useful methods for observing the ocean parameters. The Doppler frequency or interferometric phase of the radar echoes can be used for an ocean surface current speed retrieval, which is widely used in spaceborne and airborne radars. While the effect of the ocean currents and waves is interactional. It is impossible to retrieve the ocean surface current speed from Doppler frequency shift directly. In order to study the relationship between the ocean surface current speed and the Doppler frequency shift, a numerical ocean surface Doppler spectrum model is established and validated with a reference. The input parameters of ocean Doppler spectrum include an ocean wave elevation model, a directional distribution function, and wind speed and direction. The suitable ocean wave elevation spectrum and the directional distribution function are selected by comparing the ocean Doppler spectrum in C band with an empirical geophysical model function (CDOP). What is more, the error sensitivities of ocean surface current speed to the wind speed and direction are analyzed. All these simulations are in Ku band. The simulation results show that the ocean surface current speed error is sensitive to the wind speed and direction errors. With VV polarization, the ocean surface current speed error is about 0.15 m/s when the wind speed error is 2 m/s, and the ocean surface current speed error is smaller than 0.3 m/s when the wind direction error is within 20° in the cross wind direction.
The evaluation/application of Hydrus-2D model for simulating macro-pores flow in loess soil

Soil hydraulic properties were mainly governed by soil structures especially when the structures is full of the connected soil macro-pores. Therefore, the good hydrological models need to be well documented for revealing the process of soil water movement affected by soil medium. The Hydrus-2D model with double domain was recommended in simulating water movement in a heterogeneous medium of soil. To evaluate the performance of the double domain Hydrus-2D model in loess soil, the dynamic of soil wetting front movement in differential loess soil columns under the constant water head were observed and the processes was simulated by Hydrus-2D model under conditions of different soil properties. The results indicated that the Hydrus-2D model was quite good in simulation of loess soil water movements, and the relative errors of simulation results are less than 15%, MRE less than 5%, and R~2>0.9. The results provided the appropriate infiltration parameters of loess soil.
Influences of the Three Gorges Dam in China on Precipitation over Surrounding Regions

Impacts of the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) in China on the regional pattern and annual amount of precipitation around the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) are examined by comparing observations before and after the operation of TGD (1984-2003 and 2004-13). Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis of the annual precipitation anomalies clearly indicates that the land-use change associated with the construction of TGD has not significantly changed the precipitation pattern. To investigate the impacts of TGD on the rainfall amount, we compare the relative variations of atmospheric variables related to precipitation formation in three spatial bands: over TGR, near TGR, and far from TGR. It is found that the differences in annual rainfall over TGD between the two periods before and after the operation of TGD are small, suggesting a weak impact of TGD on the rainfall amount. The TGD water level increased from 66 m before June 2003 to 175 m after 2010, and this may have slightly reduced precipitation on the local scale.
肿瘤转移前微环境的特征与作用

肿瘤转移是导致肿瘤临床治疗失败以及多数癌症患者死亡的主要原因，研究发现， 促进肿瘤转移的一个关键因素是在特定位点形成有利于肿瘤转移的微环境,称为肿瘤转移前微环境（pre-metastatic niche, PMN ),近年来，肿瘤转移前微环境领域受到越来越多国际学者的关注并成为热点研究方向。该领域取得的一系列研究进展对深入阐明肿瘤转移机制,以及设计更有效的癌症诊断和治疗策略具有重要意义。
肝门静脉解剖在临床应用的研究进展

自从1963年美国Starzl施行全球首例人体原位肝移植以来,肝脏疾病得到了有效治疗,随后供肝匮乏成为了制约肝移植深入发展的世界性难题,1990年由澳大利亚的Strong等完成了第1例活体肝移植(living donor liver transplantation, LDLT),解决了这一难题,而随着LDLT术式的不断改良和发展,对肝脏解剖的要求也越来越高.传统观念认为肝动脉和肝静脉的变异率较高,变异类型较多,而普遍认为肝门静脉的变异情况较少,外科手术中常以Couinaud解剖为基础,并将肝门静脉作为Glisson系统中的标志性结构来进行分段分叶.随着肝脏外科的不断发展,特别是LDLT对肝脏解剖提出了更高的要求,有关肝门静脉在肝脏外科中的应用价值逐渐为人们所重视.现就肝门静脉大体解剖在肝脏外科的应用做一综述.
Spectra of charmed and bottom baryons with hyperfine interaction

Up to now, the excited charmed and bottom baryon states have still not been well studied experimentally or theoretically. In this paper, we predict the mass of Ω_b~*, the only L=0 baryon state which has not been observed, to be 6069.2 MeV. The spectra of charmed and bottom baryons with the orbital angular momentum L=1 are studied in two popular constituent quark models, the Goldstone boson exchange (GBE) model and the one gluon exchange (OGE) hyperfine interaction model. Inserting the latest experimental data from the "Review of Particle Physics", we find that in the GBE model, there exist some multiplets (∑_(c(b)),Ξ'_(c(b)) and Ω_(c(b)) in which the total spin of the three quarks in their lowest energy states is 3/2, but in the OGE model there is no such phenomenon. This is the most important difference between the GBE and OGE models. These results can be tested in the near future. We suggest more efforts to study the excited charmed and bottom baryons both theoretically and experimentally, not only for the abundance of baryon spectra, but also for determining which hyperfine interaction model best describes nature.
Pharmacological modulation of the voltage-gated neuronal Kv7/KCNQ/M-channel alters the intrinsic excitability and synaptic responses of pyramidal neurons in rat prefrontal cortex slices

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) critical for higher cognition is implicated in neuropsychiatric diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, depression and schizophrenia. The voltage-activated Kv7/KCNQ/M-channel or M-current modulates the neuronal excitability that defines the fundamental mechanism of brain function. However, whether M-current functions to regulate the excitability of PFC neurons remains elusive. In this study, we recorded the native M-current from PFC layer V pyramidal neurons in rat brain slices and showed that it modulated the intrinsic excitability and synaptic responses of PFC pyramidal neurons. Application of a specific M-channel blocker XE991 (40 μmol/L) or opener retigabine (10 μmol/L) resulted in inhibition or activation of M-current, respectively. In the current-clamp recordings, inhibition of M-current was evidenced by the increased average spike frequency and the reduced first inter-spike interval (ISI), spike onset latency and fast afterhyperpolarization (fAHP), whereas activation of M-current caused opposite responses. Furthermore, inhibition of M-current significantly increased the amplitude of excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) and depolarized the resting membrane potential (RMP) without affecting the miniature EPSC (mEPSC) frequency. These data demonstrate that voltage-gated neuronal Kv7/KCNQ/M-current modulates the excitability and synaptic transmission of PFC neurons, suggesting that pharmacological modulation of M-current in the PFC may exert beneficial effects on cognitive deficits implicated in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders.
内镜下OTSC吻合夹治疗急性非静脉曲张性上消化道出血的疗效

目的探讨OTSC吻合夹止血术治疗急性非静脉曲张性上消化道出血的疗效。方法2016年1月至2016年10月期间,解放军第一七五医院消化内镜中心应用内镜下OTSC吻合夹止血术治疗急性非静脉曲张性上消化道出血22例,回顾总结其临床资料。结果22例患者中有21例(95.5%)内镜下止血成功;1例止血效果欠佳,转普通外科行急诊手术。止血成功的21例患者中,2例术后出血复发,1例复发为术后1月内和4月时,保守治疗后好转出院;另1例复发为术后2月余时,予内镜下注射术加尼龙绳套扎术治疗未再发,其余19例()术后随访1 ~ 9月无再出血发生。结论内镜下采用OTSC吻合夹治疗急性非静脉曲张性上消化道出血有效。
环球航行期间卫生防疫工作的做法及体会

随着海军走向远海的战略转型,我舰艇编队越来越多地出现在世界各大洋执行海上多样化任务。笔者参加了2015年4月至2016年2月历时309 d的第20批亚丁湾护航及环球航行,行程5万余海里,访问了15个国家共计16个港口,圆满完成了编队舰艇的卫生防疫工作。现将此次环球航行期间笔者主要的做法和体会报道如下。
腹腔镜联合胸腔镜肝切除治疗膈下第Ⅶ、Ⅷ段肝癌

自1991年Reich等完成世界首例腹腔镜肝切除术以来,腹腔镜下肝切除已逐步得到认可及推广。但对于特殊肝段,如Ⅶ、Ⅷ段,由于腹腔镜下手术术野暴露较为困难,手术操作空间狭小,腹腔镜肝切除难度极大。经胸腔-膈肌人路行胸腔镜膈下Ⅶ、Ⅷ段肝手术虽能获得较好的手术视野及操作空间,但对于直径3 cm以上、邻近大血管的肿瘤,胸腔镜下难以控制手术创面出血的问题,使其临床应用受到限制。2016年浙江省台州医院尝试腹腔镜下行第一肝门阻断,腹腔镜联合胸腔镜切除膈下3 cm以上、邻近右肝静脉肝癌3例,临床疗效满意。现报告如下。
吸入用布地奈德混悬液联用吸入用复方异丙托溴铵溶液雾化吸入致接触性疱疹1例

吸入用布地奈德混悬液为目前唯一可雾化给药的非卤素糖皮质激素,雾化吸入即可到达全肺,局部抗炎作用强,有较强的抗炎、抗过敏和抗渗出作用,可减轻炎症渗出,阻止过敏介质的释放和降低介质活性,清除呼吸道炎症。吸入用复方异丙托溴铵溶液是一种由沙丁胺醇以及异丙托溴铵组成的复方制剂。异丙托溴铵为抗胆碱能受体药物,能降低迷走神经张力,抑制肺内活性物质释放而起支气管舒张作用;硫酸沙丁胺醇是β_2受体激动剂,能选择性兴奋支气管平滑肌的β_2受体,抑制肥大细胞和嗜酸粒细胞的介质释放,从而使支气管平滑肌舒张。两者协同舒张大、中、小气道平滑肌,促进支气管扩张。同时,还可改善支气管纤毛运动功能,减少黏液的分泌并促进其清除,以促使呼吸道通畅,最终改善患者的通气功能。吸入用布地奈德混悬液联用吸入用复方异丙托溴铵溶液为目前临床常用的局部雾化处方,文献有报道单用吸入用布地奈德混悬液致颜面与颈部潮红、咽部及后脑枕部麻木感、胸痛、疲乏等。吸入用布地奈德混悬液联用吸入用复方异丙托溴铵溶液可见不良反应为痉挛性呛咳、呼吸困难、发绀伴血氧饱和度下降,口咽部念珠菌感染等,但引起接触性疱疹尚未见报道,提醒临床注意。
Thermal Analysis of Underground Power Cable System

The paper presents the application of Finite Element Method in thermal analysis of underground power cable system. The computations were performed for power cables buried in-line in the ground at a depth of 2 meters. The developed mathematical model allows determining the two-dimensional temperature distribution in the soil, thermal backfill and power cables. The simulations studied the effect of soil and cable backfill thermal conductivity on the maximum temperature of the cable conductor. Also, the effect of cable diameter on the temperature of cable core was studied. Numerical analyses were performed based on a program written in MATLAB.
Numerical Analysis of Microholes Film/Effusion Cooling Effectiveness

Numerical simulations were performed to predict the film cooling effectiveness on the fiat plate with a three-dimensional discrete hole film cooling RSM-AKN turbulent heat transfer models based on variable turbulent Prandtl number approaches were considered. Obtained numerical results were directly compared with the data that came from an experiment based on Transient Liquid Crystal methodology. All implemented models for turbulent heat transfer performed sufficiently well for the considered case. It was confirmed, however, that the two-equation closure can give a detailed look into film cooling problems without using any time-consuming and inherently unsteady models. The RSM-AKN turbulent model was used in micoholes case too. The main target of simulations was maintain the same level of cooling efficiency ratio in both cases and confirm that is possible significantly reduce mass flows of the coolant in microholes case.
职业人群健康素养研究进展

在健康促进领域,健康素养相对来说是一个新的概念, 20世纪90年代以来,日趋复杂的现代卫生服务系统强烈要求患者提高自我健康管理能力,在这种情况下健康素养的概念逐渐兴起。
有机磷农药接触与神经电生理相关指标改变的研究进展

农药种类繁多,主要包括有机磷类、有机硫类、氨基甲酸酯类、新烟碱类、菊酯类、有机氯类;其中使用最广泛的是有机磷农药(organophosphates pesticides OP)。有机磷农药为神经性毒剂,对神经系统的损伤为高水平接触后产生急性中毒和低水平接触可能产生的慢性神经系统中毒。高水平有机磷农药接触导致的急性中毒在临床上最常见,主要产生3个典型的中毒临床亚型:急性胆碱能危象(acute cholinergic crisis)、中间综合征(intermediate syndrome, IMS)及有机磷农药诱导的迟发性多神经病(OP-induced delayed polyneuropathy, OPIDN)。急性胆碱能危象为有机磷农药大量进入体内,累及体内乙酰胆碱酯平衡,出现毒蕈碱样、烟碱样症状及中枢神经系统症状。由于急性胆碱能危象主要为有机磷农药对乙酰胆碱酯活力的抑制作用所致,因此对血中乙酰胆碱酯活力的监测能反映急性胆碱能危象的病情变化。但有机磷农药中毒后期产生的中间综合征及迟发性多神经病主要为外周神经-肌肉病变,乙酰胆碱酯活力与上述两个时期病变无明确相关性,乙酰胆碱酯活力的监测对中间综合征及迟发性多神经病病情的变化参考意义受限。而神经电理中的针极肌电图、神经传导、重频刺激技术能更加灵敏准确反映、预判中间综合征及迟发性多神经病的病情变化;并能发现低水平有机磷农药接触时可能产生的亚临床期病变,及时进行干预。因此,研究有机磷农药接触的神经电生理改变具有重要意义。我们就高水平及低水平有机磷农药接触引发的神经电生理改变作以下综述。
老年非小细胞肺癌ECOG评分、CYFRA21-1、NSE与外科手术预后关系

目的探讨老年非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)患者相关病理及检验指标与外科手术预后的关系。方法208例NSCLC患者中男性120例、女性88例,平均(70. 27 ±19.33)岁。收集患者一般病理资料及检查结果,并行统计学分析。结果NSCLC患者的CYFRA21-1、 CEA、CRP、CA125、NSE、SCC-Ag、TGF-α 在术前组和术后组相比,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。单因素分析表明, NSCLC患者年龄、ASA分级、肿瘤大小、ECOG评分、病理类型、临床分期、淋巴结转移状态、CYFRA21-1、CRP、CA125、 NSE、TGF-α与患者3、5年的生存率,差异均有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。多因素分析结果表明,ECOG评分≥2分(OR = 2. 39,95%CI = 1.12 ~ 8.35,P =0.022)、临床分期 Ⅲ + Ⅳ (OR =9. 36,95% CI= 3. 24 ~ 27. 84,P =0. 044)、淋巴结转移 N3(OR= 4. 88,95% CI = 1. 57 ~7. 77,P = 0. 017)、CYFRA21-1≥3. 5 ng/mL(OR = 8.66,95% CI = 2. 03 ~ 20. 64,P =0. 011)和 NSE ≥ 15 ng/mL(OR = 3. 23,95% CI = 1. 84 ~ 6. 11, P = 0. 023)是影响NSCLC患者手术预后的独立危险因素。结论血清CYFRA21-1、NSE及ECOG在NSCLC外科手术治疗预后的预测中起重要作用,且术后CYFRA21-1、CEA、CRP、 CA125、NSE、SCC-Ag、TGF-α指标的监测,有助于预后进展的评判。
先天性肺动静脉瘘伴脑脓肿2例

PAVF患者未经治疗存在危险性,特别对于供血动脉直径≥3 mm的PAVF,有学者主张应进行治疗,以预防脑脓肿等潜在严重并发症。目前简便、安全的经导管栓塞治疗(TCE)已成为首选治疗手段,高度有效,近远期随访发现TCE不仅明显改善缺氧症状,而且明显降低卒中、脑脓肿等并发症的发病率。但对于瘘口较大和分流量很大的病例,仍要考虑选择手术治疗。
Three-Dimensional Wave-Induced Current Model Equations and Radiation Stresses

After the approach by Mellor (2003, 2008), the present paper reports on a repeated effort to derive the equations for three-dimensional wave-induced current. Via the vertical momentum equation and a proper coordinate transformation, the phase-averaged wave dynamic pressure is well treated, and a continuous and depth-dependent radiation stress tensor, rather than the controversial delta Dirac function at the surface shown in Mellor (2008), is provided. Besides, a phase-averaged vertical momentum flux over a sloping bottom is introduced. All the inconsistencies in Mellor (2003, 2008),pointed out by Ardhuin et al. (2008) and Bennis and Ardhuin (2011),are overcome in the presently revised equations. In a test case with a sloping sea bed, as shown in Ardhuin et al. (2008), the wave-driving forces derived in the present equations are in good balance, and no spurious vertical circulation occurs outside the surf zone, indicating that Airy's wave theory and the approach of Mellor (2003,2008) are applicable for the derivation of the wave-induced current model.
成年发病的2型巴特综合征一例

巴特综合征(BS)是一种罕见的常染色体隐性遗传性疾病,为肾单位髓襻升支粗段水盐重吸收障碍导致的原发性肾失盐疾病,其主要特点为低血钾、低氯性代谢性碱中毒、高肾素活性和高醛固酮血症。BS根据致病突变所在基因不同分为5型,分别由SLC12A1基因(600839,1型)、KCNJ1基因(600359,2型)、CLCNKB基因(602023,3型)、BSND基因(606412,4a 型)、CLCNKB基因和 CLCNKA基因(602024)共同突变(4b型)或CASR基因(601199,5型)突变造成。其中,2型致病基因KCNJ1位于染色体llq24.3,但因剪切位点的变异共产生5种转录本,可编码形成3种产物,肾脏外髓质钾通道(ROMK) l、ROMK2、ROMK3,分别由391个、 372个、389个氨基酸组成,这三种产物在肾脏中均有表达。 ROMK在髓襻升支粗段至远端肾单位均有分布,为内向整流钾通道,主要负责管腔膜侧钾离子的分泌。现报道1例2型 BS患者。
促性腺激素释放激素激动剂治疗急性间歇性卟啉病发作一例

本例是国内使用GnRH-a预防与月经有关的AIP伴 SIADH反复发作的初步探索,疗效好。虽为个案报道,但仍提示使用GnRH-a可有效预防AIP发作。针对该患者的远期治疗,仍应消除诱因,建立健康的生活方式,在随访骨密度的情况下可长期给予GnRH-a,必要时予性激素反向添加治疗,每1~2年评估患者情况,决定是否继续用药。此外,鉴于GnRH-a治疗费用相对较高(每月近2 000元),如患者及家属同意,可考虑行卵巢切除术避免孕激素增高诱发AIP急性发作,但目前国内外尚无类似文献报道,仍需慎重选择。同时可进一步行核心家系(患者及其父母)的基因检测,明确有无该病的基因突变及突变类型,从而为治疗提供新的方向。
重视康复运动在强直性脊柱炎治疗中的关键作用

强直性脊柱炎(AS)是风湿病领域最为常见的慢性炎症性疾病之一,其主要特征是慢性进行性腰背痛,并逐渐出现脊柱畸形、残疾;除此之外还常伴随眼睛、皮肤、胃肠道、心血管等关节外器官受累表现,以及由此带来的焦虑、抑郁等心理症状,最终导致患者运动能力和生活质量下降。早在20世纪50年代就有学者提出运动对AS的治疗作用,此后几十年运动一直是AS治疗推荐的重要组成部分,并被国际脊柱关节炎评价协会(ASAS)写入AS治疗推荐指南中。近10余年,随着TNF拮抗剂的出现,AS的药物治疗发生了戏剧性的变化,TNF拮抗剂不仅可以迅速改善患者的症状和体征,长期治疗还可以明显改善脊柱功能。尽管如此,2016年更新的ASAS/欧洲抗风湿病联盟(EULAR)的AS治疗推荐中,仍强调AS的最佳治疗策略需要联合药物治疗及非药物治疗同时进行,由此可见非药物治疗在AS治疗中的作用不可替代。
自噬亢进导致急性髓性白血病并发B型乳酸酸中毒一例

因此在临床上遇到不明原因所致的pH降低、乳酸升高、低血糖等症状时,应动态监测血pH值、血清乳酸浓度、血糖,积极寻找乳酸增高原因,如有肿瘤倍增证据,务必警惕B型乳酸酸中毒的发生。一旦发生,如果不采取有效的化疗,生存期在72 h内,报道的3例存活的病例均为对化疗敏感的急性淋巴细胞白血病患者。目前化疗方案的选择还处于摸索阶段。PIK/mTOR抑制剂可通过抑制自噬引起p53依赖的细胞凋亡,地西他滨不诱导自噬,而通过P53途径诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡。因此PIK/mTOR抑制剂及地西他滨可能是较为理想的化疗药物,而蒽环类药物和阿糖胞苷则有加重自噬亢进的风险,治疗的选择上需要更加慎重选择药物及剂量。靶向IGF的治疗,目前尚无成功的临床案例,如联合化疗也可能具有一定临床应用前景。另外加强肠外营养,维持血糖浓度,补充维生素B1也是B型乳酸酸中毒综合治疗的重要组成部分。
外泌体与中枢神经系统感染

外泌体(exosomes)作为一种细胞主动分泌到胞外的直径为30 ~ 100 nm间的微小囊泡,近年来成为研究热点。作为一种细胞间交流的载体,在中枢神经系统(CNS)感染的发生、炎症反应及损伤修复中起着重要的调控作用。