mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Introduction to the China Jellyfish Project-The Key Processes,Mechanism and Ecological Consequences of Jellyfish Bloom in China Coastal Waters

As a National Basic Research Program (973 Program)of China,the Key Processes,Mechanism and Ecological Consequences of Jellyfish Bloom in China Coastal Waters led by Prof.SUN Song from Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences (IOCAS)was endorsed by the Ministry of Science and Technology.Recently,the kick-off meeting of this five-year (2011-2015)program was held on January 15-16 in Qingdao,China.More than 120 participants attended the meeting.Leaders from the Ministry of Science and Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,the Department of Science & Technology of Shandong Province,Qingdao National Oceanographic Center,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences (IOCAS),and delegates from the advisory panel and the Scientific Steering Committee addressed on the opening ceremony.
Nutrient and chlorophyll a anomaly in red-tide periods of 2003-2008 in Sishili Bay,China

Sishili Bay is the most important aquiculture and tourism area for the city of Yantai,China; however,red tides occurred frequently and have caused huge economic losses in this bay in recent years.To gain a better understanding of the local ecological environments in the bay,we conducted this research between 2003 and 2008 to analyze variations in nutrients and chlorophyll (chl-a)during high frequency red tide period (May to September).The results show that the chl-a concentration increased from 2.70 in 2003 to 7.26 mg/m3 in 2008,while the concentration of total inorganic nitrogen (TIN)and silicate (SiO3-Si)increased lineally from 5.18 and 1.45 μmol/L in 2003 to 18.57 and 9.52 μmol/L in 2008,respectively,and the annual phosphate (P04-P)varied between 0.15 and 0.46 μmol/L.Special attention was given to a red tide in August 2007 occurred when water temperature was high and nutrient concentrations increased sharply because of a heavy rainfall.Overall,the results show the P limitation in Sishili Bay,and reveal that red tides were caused by eutrophication from terrestrial inputs and local warm weather,particularly during rainy periods.Therefore,to control red tide,greater efforts should be made to reduce sewage discharges into Sishili Bay,particularly during rainfall seasons.
Taxonomic and genetic status of lancelet in Weihai coastal waters based on mitochondrial DNA sequence

Lancelets (subphylum Cephalochordata)are a transitional species between invertebrates and vertebrates.They are currently listed in the Second Order of Protected Animals in China.Lancelets were first documented in the waters around the city of Weihai (Shandong,China)in 2002.However,little is known about the phylogeny of this population.We analyzed the sequences of cytochrome b (Cyt b)and cytochrome oxidase c subunit I (CO I)genes from samples collected from coastal waters in the cities of Weihai and Qingdao (-150 km to the south).We analyzed 176 sequences,of which 150 were novel sequences and 26 were obtained from GenBank.Our results suggest that (1)lancelets in the two cities belong to the species Branchiostoma japonicus and have a high level of genetic diversity; (2)there is a high level of gene flow and low level of genetic differentiation between lancelets from the two cities; (3)demographic expansion occurred an estimated 1.1 million years (Ma)ago (mid Pleistocene)for lancelets in Weihai-Qingdao; and (4)the divergence between B.belcheri and B.japonicus was estimated at between 37.75 Ma (early Oligocene)-46.5 Ma (late Eocene).
丰富环境对脑损伤后神经再生影响的研究进展

广义上讲，脑损伤是指种种原因引起的脑的损伤和组织结构的异常。从病因上讲，主要包括脑卒中和颅脑外伤。由于脑卒中和颅脑外伤有较高的致死致残率，已成为威胁人类健康的主要疾病。随着医疗水平的发展，虽然在一定程度上提高了患者的存活率，但由于脑损伤后所遗留的运动、感觉、认知等方面的功能障碍，以及随之而来的社会生活方面的一系列问题，给患者的身心造成了极大的痛苦，也给其家庭和社会带来了极大的不便和经济负担。因此，对脑损伤后功能重建一直是神经康复领域的一个主攻方向，也是康复工作者所面临的一大难题。
Nanosized Unsupported and Alumina-Supported Ceria-Zirconia and Ceria-Terbia Solid Solutions for CO Oxidation

Ceria-zirconia(CZ)and ceria-terbia(CT)and alumina-supported ceria-zirconia(CZA)and ceria-terbia(CTA)solid solutions were synthesized by coprecipitation and deposition precipitation methods,respectively.Structural characteristics and catalytic activity of the synthesized samples have been investigated using X-ray diffraction(XRD),high resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),Raman spectroscopy(RS),and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)surface area measurements.To evaluate the catalytic properties,total oxygen storage capacity and CO oxidation activity measurements were carried out.The XRD analyses revealed the formation of Ce0.75Zr0.25O2 phase for CZ and Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 and Ce0.6Zr0.4O2 phases for CZA samples,respectively.While the formation of only Ce0.8Tb0.2O2-δphase was noted for both CT and CTA samples.All the supported and unsupported samples adopted a fluorite-type structure and exhibited cell parameters with respect to Vegard’s rule.The HRTEM results indicated well-dispersed particles of the size around 5 nm.The RS measurements suggested the presence of oxygen vacancies due to defective structure formation.The XPS studies revealed the presence of cerium in both Ce 4+ and Ce 3+ oxidation states in different proportions.It was found that CO oxidation for CTA occurs at very much lower temperature than CT,CZ,and CZA samples.Details of these findings by correlating with the structural characterization studies are consolidated.
关注新型环境污染物——溴化阻燃剂

溴化阻燃剂(brominated flame retardants，BFRs)由于其阻燃效果好，被广泛地应用于家庭消费品中，如电子设备（家用电器和计算机等）、日用家具、室内装饰等，是正在受到全球关注的新型环境污染物。目前，市场上溴化阻燃剂的主要品种有多溴联苯醚(polybrominated diphenyl ethers，PBDEs)和六溴环十二烷(1，2，5，6，9，10-hexabromocyclododecane，HBCD)，它们的化学结构如图1所示。PBDEs有209种同族体，市场上的产品主要有五溴联苯醚、八溴联苯醚和十溴联苯醚[1]。HBCD的商业产品主要包括3种非对映异构体，α-HBCD、β-HBCD和-γ-HBCD[2]。
Statistical Properties of Multispecies Competition Ecosystems Subjected to Dichotomous Noises

We investigate statistical properties of multispecies competition ecosystems subjected to both symmetric and asymmetric dichotomous noises.The expression of the stationary probability distribution function (SPDF)is analytically derived by means of mean-field approximation,and verified by stochastic simulations.The results indicate that:(i)A noise amplitude (ao),a noise autocorrelation time (τ0)and a noise symmetry parameter (k)all can affect the SPDF; (ii)There is an optimal τ0,which makes the mean value of population density be maximal,near which a transition takes place,i.e.,the stationary mean value of species density ((x)st)suddenly falls to a lower constant; (iii)As k decreases,the maximum of (x)st and the optimal τ0 increase.The parameter planes of τ0-a_0~2 and τ0-k for the transition are plotted.
略谈白点噪鹛的分类与分布

白点噪鹛(1anthocincla bieti，以往一段时间内曾多用Garrulax bieti)，系由法国动物学家 Emile Oustalet(1844～ 1905)于1897年依据Pbre Jean Andr6 Souli6神父得自云南西北部“Ts6kou”的单一性别未定标本、以法国传教士 F61ix Bier的姓氏而命名，并指出它在形态上与大噪鹛(l.maxima)、眼纹噪鹛(I．Iocellata)以及斑背噪鹛(I．lunulata)近似，且更相似于后者"[1].
谷子新品种辽谷12号选育报告

辽谷12号是辽宁省经济作物研究所2006年从朝新谷5号中选择优良变异株，经系统选育而成。 2007年将所选择的变异株辽07．5种植成株行；2008年进行了品种比较试验；2009年参加了辽宁省谷子品种区域试验，同时进行多点示范。2009年12月通过辽宁省非主要农作物品种备案办公室备案。
MULTIPLE SOLUTIONS FOR ASYMPTOTICALLY LINEAR ELLIPTIC EQUATIONS INVOLVING NATURAL GROWTH TERM

In this article,under some conditions on the behaviors of the perturbed function f(x,s)or its primitive F(x,s)= f0s f (x,t)dt near infinity and near zero,a class of asymptotically linear elliptic equations involving natural growth term is studied.By computing the critical group,the existence of three nontrivial solutions is proved.
Welding mechanics for advanced component safety assessment

Numerical methods are nowadays a useful tool for the calculation of distortion and residual stresses as a result from the welding process.Modern finite element codes not only allow for calculation of deformations and stresses due to the welding process but also take into account the change of microstructure due to different heating and cooling rates.As an extension to the pure welding simulation,the field of welding mechanics combines the mechanics and the material behaviour from the welding process with the assessment of service behaviour of welded components.In the paper,new results of experimental and numerical work in the field of welding mechanics are described.Through examples from automotive,nuclear and pipe-line applications it is demonstrated that an equilibrated treatment and a close interaction of “process”,“properties” and “defects” are necessary to come up with an advanced fitness-for-service assessment of welded components.
OPTIMAL PORTFOLIO ON TRACKING THE EXPECTED WEALTH PROCESS WITH LIQUIDITY CONSTRAINTS

In this article,the authors consider the optimal portfolio on tracking the expected wealth process with liquidity constraints.The constrained optimal portfolio is first formulated as minimizing the cumulate variance between the wealth process and the expected wealth process.Then,the dynamic programming methodology is applied to reduce the whole problem to solving the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation coupled with the liquidity constraint,and the method of Lagrange multiplier is applied to handle the constraint.Finally,a numerical method is proposed to solve the constrained HJB equation and the constrained optimal strategy.Especially,the explicit solution to this optimal problem is derived when there is no liquidity constraint.
ON THE WILLMORE’S THEOREM FOR CONVEX HYPERSURFACES

Let M be a compact convex hypersurface of class C~2,which is assumed to bound a nonempty convex body K in the Euclidean space R~n and H be the mean curvature of M.We obtain a lower bound of the total square of mean curvature∫_M H~ 2dA.The bound is the Minkowski quermassintegral of the convex body K.The total square of mean curvature attains the lower bound when M is an(n-1)-sphere.
Numerical sensitivity analysis of welding-induced residual stress depending on variations in continuous cooling transformation behavior

The usage of continuous cooling transformation (CCT)diagrams in numerical welding simulations is state of the art.Nevertheless,specifications provide limits in chemical composition of materials which result in different CCT behavior and CCT diagrams,respectively.Therefore,it is necessary to analyze the influence of variations in CCT diagrams on the developing residual stresses.In the present paper,four CCT diagrams and their effect on numerical calculation of residual stresses are investigated for the widely used structural steel S355J2+N welded by the gas metal arc welding (GMAW)process.Rather than performing an arbitrary adjustment of CCT behavior,four justifiable data sets were used as input to the numerical calculation:data available in the Sysweld database,experimental data acquired through Gleeble dilatometry tests,and TTT/CCT predictions calculated from the JMatPro and Edison Welding Institute (EWI)Virtual Joining Portal software.The performed numerical analyses resulted in noticeable deviations in residual stresses considering the different CCT diagrams.Furthermore,possibilities to improve the prediction of distortions and residual stress based on CCT behavior are discussed.
Dynamic modeling and simulation test of a 60 kW PEMFC generation system

In this paper,a 60 kW proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)generation system is modeled in order to design the system parameters and investigate the static and dynamic characteristics for control purposes.To achieve an overall system model,the system is divided into five modules:the PEMFC stack(anode and cathode flows,membrane hydration,and stack voltage and power),cathode air supply(air compressor,supply manifold,cooler,and humidifier),anode fuel supply(hydrogen valve and humidifier),cathode exhaust exit(exit manifold and water return),and power conditioning(DC/DC and DC/AC)modules.Using a combination of empirical and physical modeling techniques,the model is developed to set the operation conditions of current,temperature,and cathode and anode gas flows and pressures,which have major impacts on system performance.The current model is based on a 60 kW PEMFC power plant designed for residential applications and takes account of the electrochemical and thermal aspects of chemical reactions within the stack as well as flows of reactants across the system.The simulation tests show that the system model can represent the static and dynamic characteristics of a 60 kW PEMFC generation system,which is mathematically simple for system parameters and control designs.
Preliminary report of the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake

On March 11,2011,eastern Japan was shaken by the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake(the Great East Japan Earthquake).Almost 30 000 people have been killed or are missing as a result of that earthquake and the subsequent monster tsunami,as of April 11,2011.This paper reports several aspects of this devastating earthquake.It has been reported that long-period ground motions,which had been predicted by many researchers,occurred in Tokyo,Nagoya and Osaka.The response characteristics of high-rise buildings to the recorded long-period ground motions are discussed from the viewpoint of resonance and critical excitation.It is shown that high-hardness rubber dampers are very effective in the reduction of vibration duration in addition to the reduction in vibration amplitude.
Production potential and yield gaps of summer maize in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

Crop potential productivity is a key index of scientifically appraising crop production and land population-supporting capacity.This study firstly simulated the potential and waterlimited yield of summer maize in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH)region using WOFOST model with meteorological data of 40 years,and then analyzed yield gaps between the actual and potential yield based on statistical data at county level.The potential and water-limited yield of summer maize in the BTH region is 6854-8789 kg/hm2 and 6434-8741 kg/hm2,and the weighted average for whole region is 7861 kg/hm2 and 7185 kg/hm2,respectively.The simulated yields gradually decrease from northeast to southwest with changes in climatic conditions particularly temperature and precipitation.Annual variation of potential yield is higher in the central and southern parts than the northeastern part.Compared to potential yield,the water-limited yield has higher coefficient of variation (CV),because of precipitation effects.The actual yield of summer maize was 2537-8730 kg/hm2,regionally averaged at 5582 kg/hm2,about 70% of the potential yield,implying that the region has room to increase the yield by improving crop management and irrigation systems.
4Inhomogeneity characteristics of snow in Northeast China

Based on 1961-2005 observed winter precipitation data in Northeast China,the temporal and spatial variations of snow concentration degree (SCD)and snow concentration period (SCP),together with the circulation characteristics when there is a higher SCD,are computed and analyzed.Results show that SCD in Northeast China presents a yearly rising tendency and SCP decreases obviously.In terms of decadal variation,there is a 12-year periodic variation in PCP,and since the mid-1970s there has been an 8-year short periodic variation.As to spatial variation,SCD in winter of Northeast China has increased gradually from the eastern part to the western,and the minimum value of SCD occurs in the east of Jilin Province,while the high value center is observed in the central part of the province.For the whole Northeast China,the variation tendencies are consistent in the eastern and central parts,where SCD presents a rising tendency and SCP shows a decreasing tendency.SCD in the southwestern and northern parts has a slight rising tendency,with SCD in the southwestern part having the slightest increasing tendency,and SCP in the northern part showing the slightest decreasing tendency.When a high SCD value is observed,the whole region is controlled by the East Asian deep trough at 500 hPa,and the trough becomes deeper in the western part,while a high pressure,which is easily formed and intensified in the eastern part,makes the East Asian deep trough move eastward slowly.Upper-level jet stream and low-level jet stream co-exist,and the former is stronger and takes more of a southwestward position than the latter.The high value zone of water vapor transport over the Pacific is intensified obviously,and the extent also increases.Northeast China is influenced by the water vapor transported to the northwest along the north of the high value center.
Identification of dominant climate factor for pan evaporation trend in the Tibetan Plateau

Despite the observed increase in global temperature,observed pan evaporation in many regions has been decreasing over the past 50 years,which is known as the "pan evaporation paradox".The "pan evaporation paradox" also exists in the Tibetan Plateau,where pan evaporation has decreased by 3.06 mm a~(-2)(millimeter per annum).It is necessary to explain the mechanisms behind the observed decline in pan evaporation because the Tibetan Plateau strongly influences climatic and environmental changes in China,Asia and even in the Northern Hemisphere.In this paper,a derivation based approach has been used to quantitatively assess the contribution rate of climate factors to the observed pan evaporation trend across the Tibetan Plateau.The results showed that,provided the other factors remain constant,the increasing temperature should have led to a 2.73 mm a~(-2)increase in pan evaporation annually,while change in wind speed,vapor pressure and solar radiation should have led to a decrease in pan evaporation by 2.81 mm a~(-2),1.96 mm a~(-2)and 1.11 mm a2 respectively from 1970 to 2005.The combined effects of the four climate variables have resulted in a 3.15 mm a~(-2)decrease in pan evaporation,which is close to the observed pan evaporation trend with a relative error of 2.94%.A decrease in wind speed was the dominant factor for the decreasing pan evaporation,followed by an increasing vapor pressure and decreasing solar radiation,all of which offset the effect of increasing temperature across the Tibetan Plateau.
Responses of grassland vegetation to climatic variations on different temporal scales in Hulun Buir Grassland in the past 30 years

Global warming has led to significant vegetation changes especially in the past 20 years.Hulun Buir Grassland in Inner Mongolia,one of the world's three prairies,is undergoing a process of prominent warming and drying.It is essential to investigate the effects of climatic change (temperature and precipitation)on vegetation dynamics for a better understanding of climatic change.NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index),reflecting characteristics of plant growth,vegetation coverage and biomass,is used as an indicator to monitor vegetation changes.GIMMS NDVI from 1981 to 2006 and MODIS NDVI from 2000 to 2009 were adopted and integrated in this study to extract the time series characteristics of vegetation changes in Hulun Buir Grassland.The responses of vegetation coverage to climatic change on the yearly,seasonal and monthly scales were analyzed combined with temperature and precipitation data of seven meteorological sites.In the past 30 years,vegetation coverage was more correlated with climatic factors,and the correlations were dependent on the time scales.On an inter-annual scale,vegetation change was better correlated with precipitation,suggesting that rainfall was the main factor for driving vegetation changes.On a seasonal-interannual scale,correlations between vegetation coverage change and climatic factors showed that the sensitivity of vegetation growth to the aqueous and thermal condition changes was different in different seasons.The sensitivity of vegetation growth to temperature in summers was higher than in the other seasons,while its sensitivity to rainfall in both summers and autumns was higher,especially in summers.On a monthly-interannual scale,correlations between vegetation coverage change and climatic factors during growth seasons showed that the response of vegetation changes to temperature in both April and May was stronger.This indicates that the temperature effect occurs in the early stage of vegetation growth.Correlations between vegetation growth and precipitation of the month before the current month,were better from May to August,showing a hysteresis response of vegetation growth to rainfall.Grasses get green and begin to grow in April,and the impacts of temperature on grass growth are obvious.The increase of NDVI in April may be due to climatic warming that leads to an advanced growth season.In summary,relationships between monthly-interannual variations of vegetation coverage and climatic factors represent the temporal rhythm controls of temperature and precipitation on grass growth largely.
Regional differences of water conservation in Beijing's forest ecosystem

The water conservation capacities of main forests in Beijing,China were estimated through the quantitative analysis.Various methods developed in published papers on forest hydrology were employed.The forests in Huairou,Yanqing,Miyun,Mentougou and Fangshan districts are the main contributors to water conservation (the cumulative ratio reaches 65%),and the forests in Tongzhou,Chaoyang,Shunyi.and Daxing districts have the highest water conservation capacity (3000 m~3/ha).Altitude and slope are the key factors to affect the water conservation capacity.The forests located in Plain Area,Hilly Area,Low Mountain,and Middle Mountain contributes 27%,28%,24% and 21% of the conserved water,respectively.The water conservation capacity of forests in Plain Area (2948 m~3/ha),is superior to the forests in other regions.And the forests situated on Flat Slope,Moderate Slope and Gentle Slope constitute the largest proportion (nearly 93%)of water conservation,while the forests on Flat Slope has the highest water conservation capacity (2 797 m3/ha),and the forest on Steep slope has the lowest water conservation capacity (948 m~3/ha).
Screening Azadirachta indica tree for enhancing azadirachtin and oil contents in dry areas of Gujarat,India

Azadirachta indica seed samples were collected from four different agro-ecological regions (AERs)viz.,AER-2,AER-4,AER-5A and AER-5B of Gujarat state,India during 2000 to 2002 with an aim to assess variability in azadirachtin,oil and fatty acids content of the seeds and assess correlation of these parameters with morphological characters.Azadirachtin,oil and fatty acids content indicated significant (p<0.01)variations between years and AERs in Gujarat.The azadirachtin ranged from 142 to 9 527μg·g~(-1)seed kernel with an average of 2 426 μg·g~(-1)for the state.AER-5B recorded highest azadirachtin and oil content.Fatty acid composition was found to be affected by environmental factors particularly varying degree of annual rainfall and temperature during fruit ripening period.Conclusively trees growing in AER-5B performed better in term of azadirachtin,oil and stearic acid content.Tree girth at breast height showed no significant relation with these biochemicals.