mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
恙虫病致肺损害29例临床分析

恙虫病是由恙虫病立克次体引起的急性传染病,在我国东南沿海及西南地区发病率较高.近年来,恙虫病发病有增高趋势,临床表现趋于多样、复杂化,并可导致全身多脏器损害.现将恙虫病致肺损害29例报道如下.
静脉滴注长春瑞宾导致呼吸骤停1例

长春瑞宾(NVB)是一种半合成的长春碱类化合物.已证实为治疗转移或复发性乳腺癌、非小细胞肺癌、卵巢癌、恶性淋巴瘤、头颈部肿瘤最有效的药物之一[1].临床最常见的不良反应为血液系统毒性、神经毒性、胃肠道毒性,罕见支气管肺毒性.我院应用NVB时,引起呼吸骤停1例,现将该患者的抢救护理体会报告如下.
注射胰岛素患者的教育指导

胰岛素注射通常用于1型糖尿病患者或口服降糖药不能达到血糖控制效果的2型糖尿病患者.近年来,随着糖尿病知识的普及,胰岛素新剂型的出现和血糖监测技术的不断改进,糖尿病患者的胰岛素使用变得更加有效和安全,许多患者在家中进行胰岛素注射.因此,对使用胰岛素的患者进行教育和指导,使他们掌握注射胰岛素的相关知识和注意事项非常重要.
非体外循环心内直视手术装置的设计与实验观察

体外循环是心脏外科的基础,而其自身有许多不利因素[1-3].为消除其影响,非体外循环技术逐渐受到重视,而目前该技术主要局限于心外操作和介入治疗[2,4],心内直视操作很难完成.为保证心内直视手术可在元体外循环的情况下完成,我们设计了一个特殊的手术装置.
大肠腺瘤406例的外科处理

大肠腺瘤作为癌前病变是目前普通外科研究的热点.正确处理大肠腺瘤是降低其复发、恶变的关键.我院1994-2005年共收治406例大肠腺瘤,现对临床资料进行分析,并对其外科处理予以探讨.
体外震波碎石在胆总管残余结石治疗中的价值

体外震波碎石(extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy,ESWL)应用于胆石症治疗已近20年,但对于其在胆总管残余结石治疗中的应用价值的研究报告尚不多见.我们自1995年开始将ESWL用于胆囊切除、胆总管探查术后、胆总管残余结石54例的治疗,临床效果满意,总结报告如下.
胆碱酯酶抑制剂和神经性毒剂致犬循环衰竭时血流动力学特征

胆碱酯酶抑制剂(ChEI)类有机磷类农药和神经性毒剂沙林、梭曼、塔崩和维埃克斯(VX)等中毒一直是民用医学和军事医学中普遍关注的问题.目前在中毒的救治上,通过合理应用抗M胆碱能药物阿托品、酶重活化剂氯磷定等药物,积极采用人工呼吸机等措施,已能成功救治85%以上的中毒患者.在救治失败的患者中,循环衰竭为主要死亡原因之一[1].目前对其研究较少,其特征和发生机制尚不清楚,而且目前尚无理想的救治措施.本研究采用ChEI类神经性毒剂肌肉注射所致的犬循环衰竭模型,观察染毒前及休克后动物血流动力学各参数的变化规律,为寻求更好的中毒救治方案提供实验依据.
肾移植术后毛霉菌感染致多器官出血一例

患者为男性,66岁,因慢性肾功能衰竭(尿毒症期)行肾移植,采用环孢素A、霉酚酸酯(MMF)及甲泼尼龙预防排斥反应.术后患者发生肾功能恢复延迟,第7 d恢复血液透析.第28 d患者感吞咽疼痛,口腔出现血痂,隐约见少许点状白斑,伴低热,遂将MMF减量为2 g/d,并应用氟康唑抗真菌治疗.术后32 d,患者夜间偶有咳嗽,咯白色泡沫痰,夹少量血丝,次日行胸部X线检查,显示两肺纹理增多、增粗,弥漫小斑片状阴影,给予人丙种球蛋白静脉滴注.3 d后再行胸部X线检查,显示两肺纹理紊乱,大片不均匀实变影,实质、间质均有改变,氟康唑改为静脉滴注.
中华医学会中华放射学杂志第8届编委会第1次全体会议纪要

中华医学会中华放射学杂志第8届编委会第1次全体会议于2006年5月27日在江苏省扬州市召开,本届21位资深编委中的13位、96位编委中的84位、22位特邀编委中的17位出席了会议.老一辈放射学专家李果珍、郎志瑾等教授也应邀参加了会议.特别值得一提的是,副总编辑郭启勇教授在腿骨折的情况下仍坚持到会,使大家深受感动.中华医学会学术会务部主任姜永茂、杂志社社长王德、副社长蔡丽枫同志到会祝贺.
狼疮肾炎的治疗

狼疮肾炎(LN)是我国最常见的也是最重要的继发性肾小球疾病.在过去的半个多世纪,随着激素和环磷酰胺大剂量静脉注射疗法的广泛应用,LN病人的预后得到了很大的改善.但是,目前LN的治疗仍然面临着极大的挑战.……
急诊患者输液过程中的不安全因素分析及对策

急诊科是医院抢救急危重症患者的第一线，是医院的窗口。我院是一所综合性三级医院，每日接收输液治疗者在200～400例次。我们根据急诊的特点，抓住输液过程中的关键环节，减少护理缺陷的发生，提高了护理质量，患者满意率也明显增高，现将体会总结如下。
中暑发病机制及其与基因的关系

中暑是指高温作业环境下，由于热平衡和水、盐代谢失调引起的以中枢神经、心血管障碍为主要表现的急性疾病。在正常情况下，人体可以通过自身的热调节作用来维持正常体温。当人体由于水、盐的丢失，心血管疾病或者药物对心功能的影响而使其热调节能力受到破坏时，机体的热耐受能力也因此受到损害，从而变得容易中暑。
有机泡沫预处理对其挂浆性能的影响

采用有机泡沫浸渍工艺制备泡沫陶瓷。研究了聚氨酯泡沫预处理对泡沫挂浆性能的影响。结果表明，以浓度为10％的碱液对孔径为10PPI的聚氯酯泡沫进行水解处理，在60℃条件下，水解15min左右，并结合对泡沫表面进行的改性处理，可获得增重倍数高达7．8的挂浆性能优异的聚氨酯处理泡沫。
生物柴油生产工艺简介

我国石油资源紧缺,研究开发生物柴油是当务之急.结合我国情况介绍了几种可用于生产生物柴油的原料,并针对不同的原料,提出了几种可供使用的生产工艺.用泔水油、地沟油和油厂下脚料等原料生产生物柴油工艺成熟、经济合算,值得推广.为适应我国生物柴油的研究与生产,建议加快制定我国生物柴油的相关标准.
横结肠癌16例延误诊断的原因分析

横结肠癌是常见的消化系统肿瘤,早期症状常不典型,易漏诊、误诊.现就横结肠癌患者经结肠镜检查明确诊断前误诊或漏诊的原因进行总结,以探讨减少横结肠癌延误诊断的方法.
以蛋白丢失性肠病为首发表现的系统性红斑狼疮及文献复习

蛋白丢失性肠病(protein-losing enteropathy,PLE)系由肠淋巴管扩张、淋巴瘤、严重右心室功能衰竭、腹腔结核或炎症性肠病等多种原因造成的蛋白渗漏到胃肠道而导致低蛋白血症、严重水肿的一组疾病.
肝硬化患者小肠细菌过度生长与肠道通透性和高动力循环状态的相关性研究

肝硬化患者常伴有高动力循环状态(HCS),表现为心输出量(CO)增加,体循环血管阻力(R)和平均动脉血压(MAP)下降.这种异常的血管舒张是产生多种并发症的重要发病原因,同时肝硬化患者常出现小肠细菌过度生长(SIBO)、肠道通透性增加、内毒素吸收增多,这在肝硬化患者HCS、病情的发展和转归中起重要作用.本研究对SIBO和肠道通透性及HCS之间的关系及其临床意义进行初步探讨.
非血缘关系异基因造血干细胞移植

异基因造血干细胞移植是多种血液系统恶性疾病和遗传性疾病的有效治疗方法.寻找HLA相合的供者是进行异基因造血干细胞移植的前提,由于我国独生子女家庭的日益增多,能寻找到血缘关系供者的概率甚少,供者的缺乏是影响其发展的主要因素.从无关人群中寻找HLA相合的非血缘关系异基因供者是解决问题的有效途径.
外引优异玉米种质形态性状的初步鉴定

国外玉米种质对国内玉米育种产生了很大的促进作用.经过对外引最新育成玉米种质材料形态性状的初步鉴定.结果表明,这批外引材料的形态性状变化范围相当广,具有一些优良的性状,多数材料都能适应国内的种植,可以进行直接利用或作为种质资源进行间接利用,并对下一步的研究提出了设想.
关于青海省常规种地区加快种业发展的理性思考

党的十六届五中全会通过的<关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十一个五年规划的建议>提出了推进现代农业建设的战略任务,这是中央做出的重大部署.现代农业是我国现代化的重要组成部分,而种业又是现代农业的重要组成部分.发展农业生产、提高农产品效益最有效、最经济的途径是种子.随着现代农业的发展,我国种子产业面临更加激烈的市场竞争,青海作为一个以常规种为主的农业小省,所面临的挑战更加严峻.对此,如何抓住机遇,开拓创新,从战略的高度来研究常规种地区种业的发展,全面提升种业竞争力是摆在我们面前的迫切任务.
红旗岭铜镍硫化物矿床磁性矿物学研究及矿床成因意义

磁黄铁矿是铜镍硫化物矿床含量最多的硫化物之一,常温下只有单斜磁黄铁矿具有亚铁磁性.X射线粉晶衍射和电子探针微区分析显示,红旗岭矿床海绵陨铁状矿石磁黄铁矿以单斜磁黄铁矿(mpo)为主,致密块状矿石磁黄铁矿为单斜磁黄铁矿与六方磁黄铁矿(hpo)混合型.差热与磁-热重分析显示致密块状矿石在323℃存在明显的吸热效应,并且这一过程伴随着磁性的转变,表明323℃是矿床中磁黄铁矿的热磁效应与相变点.致密块状磁黄铁矿在400℃恒温30 h后淬火条件下使mpo全面转变成hpo,自然冷却则使原矿石中的hpo与mpo全部转变为mpo.这一结果显示了hpo与mpo之间的转变主要取决于样品的冷却速度,暗示铜镍硫化物矿床致密块状矿体的形成可能与高温矿浆的快速冷凝有关.同时,磁铁矿在不同矿体中的含量特点对岩浆铜镍硫化物矿床成因研究也具有启示意义.
小黑麦数量性状遗传研究进展

研究数量性状遗传规律具有重要意义,了解数量性状的遗传,是有效地进行作物育种的一个必要前提.本文对小黑麦数量性状遗传分析的内容和分析方法作一综述,以期给从事麦类作物数量性状遗传分析的育种工作者提供参考和理论依据.
百日咳的研究现状

百日咳(pertussis)是由百日咳杆菌引起的一种严重急性呼吸道传染病,传染性较强,人群普遍易感,其中尤以婴幼儿多见,是严重威胁人类健康的主要传染病之一.尽管现在世界上绝大多数国家实施百日咳疫苗的免疫接种,使百日咳感染率和病死率大大下降,但据世界卫生组织(WHO)统计报道[1],现在全世界每年仍有3500万的百日咳患者,高达29.4万的儿童死于百日咳及其并发症,且90%的病例来自不发达国家和发展中国家.因此百日咳越来越引起人们的重视.
CD4+CD25+T细胞在系统性红斑狼疮患者外周血的表达研究

调节性T细胞是最近发现的一个独立的CD4+T细胞亚群,主要功能是抑制其他T细胞的活化,维持自身免疫耐受,其功能异常与许多自身免疫性疾病有密切关系.CD4+CD25+T细胞是一种重要的调节性T细胞,并将其视为调节性T细胞的代名词[1].本研究检测系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者外周血CD4+CD25+T细胞表达水平,以探讨其与SLE发病和病情活动度的关系.
乙状结肠腹壁外瘘15年致皮肤癌变1例

病人女,52岁.1990年因左侧卵巢囊肿行囊肿摘除术.术后出现肠梗阻,行肠粘连松解术.术后第4天切口裂开肠液外溢,后证实为乙状结肠腹壁外瘘.
以食管巨大溃疡为主要表现的获得性免疫缺陷综合征1例

患者男,33岁.因"胸骨后疼痛伴进食困难、消瘦4个月"于2004-05-04以"食管溃疡性质待查"收入院.患者于4个月前无明显诱因出现胸骨后疼痛,夜间明显,伴进食困难,有哽噎感,4个月来体重减轻15 kg,无发热、反酸,无呕血、黑便.在当地医院及我院胃镜检查均示食管巨大溃疡,多次病理检查均示黏膜慢性炎症,局部上皮不典型增生.
伴髓系阳性表达的急性淋巴细胞白血病合并弥漫性血管内凝血2例

例1.患者男,15岁.因乏力、发热、齿龈渗血1周于2005-02-21就诊我院.入院查体:体温38.3℃,中度贫血貌,全身皮肤散在出血点,双侧锁骨上、腋下及腹股沟触及多枚肿大淋巴结,肝肋下3 cm可触及,脾肋下6 cm可触及,余无异常.
造血干细胞移植及粒细胞减少患者侵袭性真菌感染的诊断与治疗进展

侵袭性真菌感染(invasive fungal infectious,IFI)是造血干细胞移植及粒细胞减少患者常见的严重并发症,虽然真菌感染的发病率比细菌和病毒感染要低,却有很高的病死率,使之成为因感染而死亡的重要原因.近几年,IFI的非培养快速诊断方法、药物的预防与治疗均取得了较大进展,本文就此作一综述.
Ⅲ类抗心律失常药物研究进展

心律失常是临床上常见而又极具危险性的心血管疾病.长期以来,人们一直致力于抗心律失常药物的研究,但遗憾的是,20余年来并没有明显的突破.20世纪90年代,CAST研究表明,Ⅰ类抗心律失常药可能增加心肌梗死后高危病人的病死率,因而人们把注意力更多集中到Ⅲ类抗心律失常药物上来,抗心律失常药物有从Ⅰ类转向Ⅲ类的明显趋势.为此对Ⅲ类抗心律失常药物作一综述,以期对临床医生合理应用Ⅲ类抗心律失常药物有所裨益[1-2].
不稳定型心绞痛和非ST段抬高心肌梗死的介入治疗

急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)的病理生理基础是由于冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块破裂,诱发血栓形成导致的急性心肌缺血综合征.以不稳定型心绞痛(UA)和非ST段抬高心肌梗死(NSTEMI)为表现的非ST段抬高ACS,一般由富含血小板的白色血栓堵塞冠状动脉所致;而ST段抬高急性心肌梗死(STEMI)常为富含纤维蛋白原的红色血栓导致冠状动脉内完全闭塞所致.
便血--思考病例(3)

患者男,17岁.因"反复便血5年,再发1个月"于2005-02-11收入院.患者5年前夏季无明显诱因出现便血,排成形条状便,外覆鲜血,以后为鲜血便,粪质少,每日2～3次,每次50～150 mL.不伴发热、腹痛,当地医院查血常规"正常",结肠镜示严重结肠炎,予止血等对症治疗,10余天后便血逐渐停止,排黄软便.
发热淋巴结肿大

患者女,16岁.因发热、右腋下淋巴结肿痛半个月,加重5 d,于2005-10-22人院.患者半个月前无明显原因出现发热,体温38.5～39.5℃,最高达40.0℃,呈间断性发作,以午后、夜间为明显,有盗汗.
醋氨酚致大鼠肝损伤相关基因表达变化的基因芯片研究

醋氨酚(acetaminophen,APAP)为苯胺类解热镇痛药.醋氨酚引起的药物性中毒主要表现为药物性肝炎、急性肝坏死、肝功能衰竭甚至死亡[1].在药物性肝损伤的动物模型中,醋氨酚是常用药物之一.基因芯片技术是近年来发展起来的一项新技术,是研究药物作用机制的重要工具之一.本研究利用大鼠肝脏基因芯片检测了醋氨酚致大鼠肝脏损伤时不同时间点基因表达谱的变化,从基因表达水平进一步探讨醋氨酚致肝损伤的机制.
北方春大豆磷高效基因型的筛选

土壤缺磷是大豆[Glycine max（L．）Merrill]获得高产的重要限制因素之一。增施磷肥虽能得到有效的防治，但是我国磷肥的资源有限，且磷易被土壤吸附固定，磷肥利用率较低；同时磷肥的流失也会带来环境污染问题。挖掘作物本身利用磷素的潜力，筛选、培育和利用磷高效基因型大豆是改善缺磷状况的一条高效、节能的有效途径。有关研究表明，不同大豆品种对低磷胁迫和磷肥效应有显著的遗传差异。大豆基因型的磷效率特性与其长期生长在低有效磷土壤环境有关。
就谢教授及其同僚运用西医术语表达中医概念的回复

就<中国中西医结合杂志>[2005;25(11):1046-1049]关于采用西医名词来英译中医概念,将有助于中医之西传与国际化,笔者的观点与谢教授大有出入,并认为这种翻译方法容易破坏中医概念的完整性及独立性.笔者以风火眼为例,说明此种翻译法的缺陷.并认为对于欲深入了解中医的人,还是直译(仿造)译词较有益,并以丰富例词说明这个论点.
中药生血宁加环孢菌素A治疗慢性再生障碍性贫血的临床观察

为探讨进一步提高慢性再生障碍性贫血(CAA)疗效的方法,采用同期随机对照方法,将45例患者分为两组.对照组19例予以康力龙4～6mg/d,分3次口服;治疗组26例予以环孢菌素A(商品名田可,华北制药厂产品)每天3～5mg/kg,分3次口服,生血宁(为中药蚕砂提取物,武汉联合药业有限责任公司生产)每次2粒,1日3次口服,两组疗程均在3个月以上,最长20个月.
32P-磷酸铬胶体滑膜切除术治疗色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎

色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎(pigmented villonodular synovitis,PVNS)是临床上相对少见的一种滑膜瘤样增生病变,其特点是关节、腱鞘、滑囊的滑膜显著增生,伴有色素沉着,多发于青壮年,多为单关节发病,好发于膝关节,髋、踝等关节也可累及.Granowitz等将PVNS分成弥漫型和局限型两种类型.目前治疗仍以手术切除滑膜为主,无论是开放手术还是关节镜下手术,术后均易复发,尤其是膝关节的弥漫型PVNS难以达到完全治愈;而PVNS的反复发作可以导致关节骨质破坏,影响关节功能.因此,彻底清除病灶滑膜、减少复发是PVNS治疗的基本原则.除手术治疗外,关节外放射治疗及放射性滑膜切除术可以作为辅助治疗手段,目的在于防止复发或者作为复发后的补救措施[1,2].32P-磷酸铬胶体滑膜切除术应用于类风湿关节炎和血友病性关节炎有较好的效果[3,4],但作为PVNS辅助治疗的报道较少.我们对1998年8月至2003年8月来院就诊的16例膝关节弥漫型PVNS手术后复发患者试用32P-磷酸铬胶体滑膜切除术,疗效较好.
吡格列酮对大鼠非酒精性脂肪性肝病的预防作用

非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）是临床常见肝病之一，随着生活方式及膳食结构的改变，NAFLD的发病率明显增高。其发病机制目前尚不明确，有研究认为胰岛素抵抗（IR）是导致NAFLD的重要病因之一。吡格列酮作为过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ的高亲和力激动剂，能明显增强组织对胰岛素的敏感性。我们通过高脂饮食建立NAFLD的动物模型，用吡格列酮进行干预，探讨IR与NAFLD的关系，评估吡格列酮对NAFLD的预防作用.
大蒜素与顺铂单独及联合应用对子宫颈癌裸鼠移植瘤生长的影响

宫颈癌是妇女最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,是引起妇女癌症相关死亡的重要原因.顺铂作为治疗肿瘤的首选化疗药物之一对于宫颈癌的疗效是肯定的.肿瘤化疗失败的主要原因是严重的副作用及肿瘤对化疗药物产生耐药反应.理想的化疗应是最大限度地杀伤肿瘤细胞,同时对正常细胞的毒性最低.
职业病责任单位认定而引发的一起争议

2004年9月2日某医院诊断急性淋巴细胞白血病(MDS)1例,因该患者曾在某电表厂工作,有苯接触史,故被诊断为职业性慢性苯中毒.由于在责任单位的认定上出现偏差,而引发了一起争议.值得借鉴,报告如下.
Karst sufozone division in vertical cycle zone and its significance

Vertical cycle karst zone has been studied for more than 100 years, however karst subzones in the zone have never been divided and affected depth of CO_2 from rainwater in the zone has never been studied. On the basis of field observation, survey and chemical analysis, the difference of karst processes indicated by CaCO_3 and pH values in fine and loose sedimentary strata as well as limestone strata, and the vertical cycle zone ascertained by predecessors can be divided into three subzones, that is, the upper first subzone, characterized by unsaturated water solution and strong dissolution processes, the middle second subzone, characterized by supersaturated water solution and precipitation, and the lower third subzone, characterized by unstable water solution and weak dissolution or weak precipitation. The three subzones can indicate the vertical CO_2 cycle. In fine and loose sediment strata, the bottom of the first subzone is the lower boundary strongly influenced by CO2 from rainwater, soil and air; all CO_2 from rainwater, soil and air is almost exhausted in the second subzone. In the early developmental period of karst process in limestone strata, karst funnels and vertical caves do not form, vertical seeping of rainwater and soil water is very slow, and CO_2 from soil, rainwater and air almost can reach the third subzone, but in the middle and late developmental periods, karst funnels and vertical caves occur, CO_2 from soil, rainwater and air can reach deep seasonal change zone and horizontal cycle zone and quicken development of karst morphology. Deep karst morphology near groundwater level under vertical cycle zone develops better in the middle and late periods of karst process.
Satellite-derived primary productivity and its spatial and temporal variability in the China seas

The spatial and temporal variability of primary productivity in the China seas from 2003 to 2005 was estimated using a size-fractionated primary productivity model. Primary productivity estimated from satellite-derived data showed spatial and temporal variability. Annual averaged primary productivity levels were 564.39, 363.08, 536.47, 413.88, 195.77, and 100.09 gCmV in the Bohai Sea, northern Yellow Sea (YS), southern YS, northern East China Sea (ECS), southern ECS, and South China Sea (SCS), respectively. Peaks of primary productivity appeared in spring (April-June) and fall (October and November) in the northern YS, southern YS, and southern ECS, while a single peak (June) appeared in the Bohai Sea and northern ECS. The SCS had two peaks in primary productivity, but these peaks occurred in winter (January) and summer (August), with the winter peak far higher than the summer peak. Monthly averaged primary productivity values from 2003 to 2005 in the Bohai Sea and southern YS were higher than those in the other four seas during most months, while those in the southern ECS and SCS were the lowest. Primary productivity in spring (March-June in the southern ECS and April-July in the other five areas) contributed approximately 41% on average to the annual primary productivity in all the study seas except the SCS. The largest interannual variability also occurred in spring (average standard deviation = 6.68), according to the satellite-derived estimates. The contribution during fall (October-January in the southern ECS and August-November in the other five areas) was approximately 33% on average; the primary productivity during this period also showed interannual variability. However, in the SCS, the winter (December-March) contribution was the highest (about 42%), while the spring (April-July) contribution was the lowest (28%). The SCS did share a feature with the other five areas: the larger the contribution, the larger the interannual variability. Spatial and temporal variability of satellite-derived ocean primary productivity may be influenced by physicochemical environmental conditions, such as the chlorophyll-a concentration, sea surface temperature, photosynthetically available radiation, the seasonally reversed monsoon, river discharge, upwelling, and the Kuroshio and coastal currents.
On Direct Transformation Approach to Asymptotical Analytical Solutions of Perturbed Partial Differential Equation

In this article, we will derive an equality, where the Taylor series expansion around ε=0 for any asymptotical analytical solution of the perturbed partial differential equation (PDE) with perturbing parameter ε must be admitted. By making use of the equality, we may obtain a transformation, which directly map the analytical solutions of a given unperturbed PDE to the asymptotical analytical solutions of the corresponding perturbed one. The notion of Lie-B?cklund symmetries is introduced in order to obtain more transformations. Hence, we can directly create more transformations in virtue of known Lie-Backlund symmetries and recursion operators of corresponding unperturbed equation. The perturbed Burgers equation and the perturbed Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation are used as examples.
Fault-Tolerant Control Research for Networked Control System under Communication Constraints

Implementing a control system over a communication network induces inevitable time delays that may degrade performance and even cause instability. One of the most effective ways to reduce the negative effect of delays on the performance of networked control system (NCS) is to reduce network traffic. In this paper, adjustable deadbands are explored as a solution to reduce network traffic in NCS. A method of fault-tolerant control of networked control system is presented,which takes into account system response as well as network traffic. The integrity design for a kind of NCS with sensor failures and actuator failures is analyzed based on robust fault-tolerant control theory and information scheduling. After detailed theoretical analysis, the paper also provides the simulation results, which further validate the proposed scheme.
Identification and Mapping of Two New Genes Conferring Resistance to Powdery Mildew from Aegilops tauschii (Coss.) Schmal

Two powdery mildew resistance genes were identified from Aegilops tauschii accessions Y201 and Y212 and mapped using two different F2 populations derived from the crosses between susceptible accession Y2272 and Y201, and susceptible accession Y2263 and Y212. Genetic analysis of resistance to powdery mildew indicated that the resistance of Y201 was controlled by a single dominant gene, whereas the resistance of Y212 was controlled by a single recessive gene. We have temporarily designated these genes as PmY201 and PmY212, respectively. By bulk segregation analysis, six microsatellite markers including Xgwm174, cfd26, cfd57, cfd102, Xgwm583 and Xgwm639 were found to be linked to PmY201 with genetic distances of 5.2, 7.7, 9.6, 12.5, 20.2 and 22.1 cM, respectively. Five SSR markers, including cfd57, Xgwm182, cfd7, cfd102, and cfd12, were found to be linked to PmY212 with distances of 5.6, 7.2, 11.5, 14.7, and 18.5 cM, respectively. According to the locations of the linked markers, the two resistance genes were located in the 5DL region. Based on the chromosomal locations and the resistance patterns of the two genes, we propose that PmY201 and PmY212 are two novel powdery mildew resistance genes, and are suitable for marker-assisted selection.
直流换相失败引起继电保护误动分析

介绍了近期发生在南方电网的一起由交流系统故障引发直流系统换相失败、导致2条500 kV线路保护误动的事故。重点分析了在这起故障过程中继电保护及其通道的动作行为。针对这些继电保护的误动作提出了相应的反事故措施。
刚体在固定面上纯滚时接触点的速度和加速度

在微小的时间间隔内，应用加速度合成定理和刚体上一点的加速度公式，推导出了接触点的加速度公式．加速度方向为运动刚体表面在该处的法线方向，大小与动接触线和定接触线的曲率半径和刚体运动的角速度有关．利用接触点的运动性质，不仅有助于解答圆球在固定圆球面或圆柱在固定圆柱面上的纯滚问题，而且为求解一般形状刚体在任意固定曲面上的纯滚问题提供了方便．
小麦蚜虫不断猖獗原因及控制对策的探讨

简要介绍了我国不同历史阶段小麦蚜虫种群动态和发生危害的现状，重点分析了麦蚜不断猖獗发生的主要因素，探讨并提出了控制小麦蚜虫猖獗的对策和相应的防治措施。
口内入路治疗陈旧性髁突骨折

髁突骨折的治疗是颌面骨折中较难处理的问题之一，无明确绝对的手术适应证，对于陈旧性髁突骨折患者，有明显临床症状，可能继发关节强直，多采用手术治疗。作者选择合适病例，利用口内入路髁突游离回植治疗陈旧性髁突骨折，取得良好疗效。
丝状真菌常规药物敏感试验及其质量控制

美国临床实验室标准化委员会（NCCLS）于1998年推出了丝状真菌肉汤稀释法抗真菌药物敏感性试验参考方法M38-P。该方法包括常量和微量肉汤稀释法，适用于曲毒菌、镰刀菌、波氏假阿利霉菌、根霉菌及抱子丝菌等丝状真菌。2002年NCCLS对该方法又进行了修订，即M38-A。现对丝状真菌常规药物敏感试验及其质量控制简要介绍如下.
肿瘤标志物预测肺癌非手术患者预后的意义

目的  研究肿瘤标志物预测肺癌非手术患者预后的意义。方法  51例确诊肺癌患者用蛋白质芯片技术检测临床处理前血清中糖链抗原19-9(CA19-9)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、癌胚抗原(CEA)和CA125的浓度，24例正常人作对照。结果  (1)37例随访组CA19-9、NSE、CEA和CA1254项测定值显著高于对照组(P＜0.05)；(2)13例1年内死亡组和24例未死亡组，CA19-9和CEA测定值差异有显著性(P＜0.05)，NSE和CA125测定值差异无显著性(P＞0.05)；(3)CA125测定阳性率，在1年内死亡组(69.23％)高于未死亡组(20.83％)(X~2＝8.397，P＜0.01)。结论  CA19-9，CEA和CA125对肺癌非手术患者的预后判断有一定的意义。
Entropy method for determination of weight of evaluating indicators in fuzzy synthetic evaluation for water quality assessment

Considering the difficulty of fuzzy synthetic evaluation method in calculation of the multiple factors and ignorance of the relationship among evaluating objects, a new weight evaluation process using entropy method was introduced. This improved method for determination of weight of the evaluating indicators was applied in water quality assessment of the Three Gorges reservoir area.The results showed that this method was favorable for fuzzy synthetic evaluation when there were more than one evaluating objects.One calculation was enough for calculating every monitoring point. Compared with the original evaluation method, the method predigested the fuzzy synthetic evaluation process greatly and the evaluation results are more reasonable.
Free cupric ions in contaminated agricultural soils around a copper mine in eastern Nanjing City, China

To determine the environmental free metal ion activity was a recent hot issue. A method to measure low-level free cupric ion activity in soil solution extracted with 0.01 mol/L KNO_3 was developed by using cupric ion-selective electrode (ISE) and calibrating with Cu-buffer solution. Three copper buffers including iminodiacetic acid (IDA), ethylenediamine (EN), and glycine (Gly)were compared for calibrating the Cu-ISE curves in the range of free cupric ions (pCu~(2+)) 7-13. The Cu-EN buffer showed the best electrode response and thus was applied as the calibration buffer. The pCu~(2+) of 39 contaminated agricultural soils around a copper mine was measured, ranging from 5.03 to 9.20. Most Cu in the soil solutions was found to be complexed with dissolved soil organic matters, averaging 98.1%. The proportion of free Cu~(2+) ions in the soil solutions decreased with the increasing of solution pH. Soluble Cu and free Cu2+ ions concentrations were analyzed by multiple linear regressions to evaluate the effects of soil properties on metal levels and speciation. The results showed that soil solution pH was the most significant factor influencing pCu~(2+) (with R~2 value of 0.76), while not important for the soluble Cu concentration.
Effect of SO_2 on the performance of Ag-Pd/Al_2O_3 for the selective catalytic reduction of NOx with C_2H_5OH

The influence of SO_2 on the performance of Ag-Pd/Al_2O_3 for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with C_2H_5OH was investigated experimentally. The activity test results suggest that Ag-Pd/Al_2O_3 shows a small activity loss in the presence of SO_2 when using C_2H_5OH as a reductant. In situ DRIFTS spectra show that the activity loss originates from the formation of surface sulphate species on the Ag-Pd/Al_2O_3. The surface sulphate species formation inhibits the formation of nitrate, whereas hardly changes the partial oxidation of C_2H_5OH. Compared with the NOx reduction by C_3H_6, an obvious suppression of the surface sulphate species formation was observed by DRIFTS experiment when using C_2H_5OH as a reductant. This phenomenon reveals the better catalytic performance and strong SO_2 tolerance of Ag-Pd/Al_2O_3-C2H5OH system.
Determination of respiration, gross nitrification and denitrification in soil profile using BaPS system

A facility of BaPS (Barometric Process Separation) was used to determine soil respiration, gross nitrification and denitrification in a winter wheat field with depths of 0-7, 7-14 and 14-21 cm. N2O production was determined by a gas chromatograph. Crop root mass and relevant soil parameters were measured. Results showed that soil respiration and gross nitrification decreased with the increase of soil depth, while denitrification did not change significantly. In comparison with no-plowing plot, soil respiration increased significantly in plowing plot, especially in the surface soil of 0-7 cm, while gross nitrification and denitrification rates were not affected by plowing. Cropping practice in previous season was found to affect soil gross nitrification in the following wheat-growing season. Higher gross nitrification rate occurred in the filed plot with preceding crop of rice compared with that of maize for all the three depths of 0-7, 7-14 and 14-21 cm. A further investigation indicated that the nitrification for all the cases accounted for about 76% of the total nitrogen transformation processes of nitrification and denitrification and the N_2O production correlated with nitrification significantly, suggesting that nitrification is a key process of soil N_2O production in the wheat field. In addition, the variations of soil respiration and gross nitrification were exponentially dependent on root mass (P＜0.001).
On Nonlinear Stability Theorems of 3D Quasi-geostrophic Flow

Nonlinear stability criteria for quasi-geostrophic zonally symmetric flow are improved by establishing an optimal Poincar′e inequality. The inequality is derived by a variational calculation considering the additional invariant of zonal momentum. When applied to the Eady model in a periodic channel with finite zonal length, the improved nonlinear stability criterion is identical to the linear normal-mode stability criterion provided the channel meridional width is no greater than 0.8605…times its channel length (which is the geophysically relevant case).
Application of a Cloud-Texture Analysis Scheme to the Cloud Cluster Structure Recognition and Rainfall Estimation in a Mesoscale Rainstorm Process

It is thought that satellite infrared (IR) images can aid the recognition of the structure of the cloud and aid the rainfall estimation. In this article, the authors explore the application of a classification method relevant to four texture features, viz. energy, entropy, inertial-quadrature and local calm, to the study of the structure of a cloud cluster displaying a typical meso-scale structure on infrared satellite images. The classification using the IR satellite images taken during 4–5 July 2003, a time when a meso-scale torrential rainstorm was occurring over the Yangtze River basin, illustrates that the detailed structure of the cloud cluster can be obviously seen by means of the neural network classification method relevant to textural features, and the relationship between the textural energy and rainfall indicates that the structural variation of a cloud cluster can be viewed as an exhibition of the convection intensity evolvement. These facts suggest that the scheme of following a classification method relevant to textural features applied to cloud structure studies is helpful for weather analysis and forecasting.
Approximations of the Scattering Phase Functions of Particles

Based on anomalous diffraction theory and the modified Rayleigh-Debye approximation, a physically realistic model in bridging form is described to approximate the scattering phase function of particles. When compared with the exact method, the bridging technique reported here provides a reasonable approximation to the Mie results over a broader range of angles and size parameters, and it demonstrates the advantage of being computationally economic. In addition, the new phase function model can be essentially extended to other shapes and conveniently used in more complicated scattering and emission problems related to the solutions of the radiative transfer equations.