mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
维药恰玛古硫代葡萄糖苷的提取纯化工艺及其抗肿瘤作用

目的优选维药恰玛古硫代葡萄糖苷的提取纯化工艺,并对其进行抗肿瘤作用研究。方法正交设计安排试验因素,以硫代葡萄糖苷含有量和得率的综合评分为指标,比较不同工艺条件对恰玛古硫代葡萄糖苷的提取纯化效果。通过动物体内抗肿瘤实验,观察其对小鼠肉瘤S_(180)、结肠癌CT-26的抑制作用。结果恰玛古硫代葡萄糖苷最佳提取工艺为加8倍量95%乙醇回流提取2次,每次1 h。酸性氧化铝纯化该成分的最佳工艺条件为洗脱液KNO_3浓度0. 15 mol / L,上样液质量浓度1 g /mL、洗脱液用量6倍于柱体积。该提取物对小鼠移植性肉瘤S_(180)、结肠癌CT-26均显示出剂量依赖性的抗肿瘤作用。结论酸性氧化铝对于恰玛古硫代葡萄糖苷具有一定的富集纯化作用,而且其提取物具有抗肿瘤活性。
建设信息科技领域高端智库--中国科协成立信息科技学会联合体

为顺应当前学科融合交叉的新特点、新趋势,中国科学技术协会在深入调研并征求学会意见的基础上,借鉴国际科学理事会等国际组织的组织模式,提出根据国家科技发展战略的重大部署,在一些重点学科领域,由学科相近的学会自愿联合,组建非法人的学会联合体,依托学会联合体来举办高水平学术交流研讨活动,明确中国在相应学科领域科技前沿的战略方向和重大选题,提出重大决策建议,促进学科发展和原始创新,提升国际影响力和话语权,提高会员凝聚力和学术权威性。
基于文献计量学的直链藻属的研究进展

基于1975—2014年Web of Science 数据库中有关直链藻的学术论文,进行了文献计量学分析。研究发现,每年发表论文数呈明显上升趋势,但增幅不大; 单篇论文的作者数增长缓慢,近5年每篇论文的作者数开始大于4名; 发表论文的学术杂志的影响因子中等偏下,学术影响力不大;以上也映射出此研究方向的冷门性。欧美发达国家对直链藻学术论文的贡献最大,在国际合作方面也处于领先地位。有关直链藻的研究内容仍偏重于基础性研究,分类、多样性和种群生态学方面的研究仍保持一定的热度。淡水湖泊和江河流域是开展直链藻研究的主要区域。
从城市生态系统整体性、复杂性和多样性的视角透视城市内涝

城市是一类以人类活动为中心的社会-经济-自然复合生态系统,其中以水、土、气、生、能为主要因子构成的自然系统是支撑城市形成与发展的物质基础。“水”作为最活跃的生态要素之一,是地球的生命之源,也是城市的命脉。 “水”是城市这个生命有机体的“血液”,只有保持城市血液循环系统,即城市防洪排水系统健康,水才能顺畅流动,城市生态系统才能正常代谢并健康运转。理解城市生态系统的整体性、复杂性与多样性,对反思城市内涝的现状、成因及对策与措施具有指导意义。古今中外应对各种自然灾害、缓解生态风险的成功案例表明,生态智慧指导下的生态实践是人与自然和谐相处的可持续发展之道。
生态智慧与生态安全

从空间维度分析,生态安全可分为总体安全、区域安全和物种安全。生态总体安全是指地球当前的基本自然秩序不被破坏。该秩序一旦破坏,地球上现有的优势生物种群(包括人类)将难以延续。有可能造成地球总体安全的事件诸如有: 外星与地球碰撞,火山大规模爆发,全球气候和空气质量的重大改变,核大战等。区域安全问题是指地球的局部生态环境出现严重问题,这种问题虽然可以向全球扩散,但后果还不至于酿成全球问题,或可以被相反的效应所抵消。如厄尔尼诺现象与拉尼娜现象,洪灾与旱灾,大地震,瘟疫,区域的严重空气污染或水体污染等。今年(2016年)中国南方的大范围城市洪涝,也属于这个类型。物种安全问题是指个别物种或生态条件相类似的一群物种的生活环境受到严重威胁。其中濒危物种和人类是物种安全问题的两个特例。
片区土地开发过程中的排水问题研究

近年来随着国家城镇化进程的逐步推进,城市片区土地开发的规模越来越大,在片区规划及建设过程中,建设方往往把重点都放在市政交通等基础设施工程中,而对于片区土地一期开发过程中的排水问题,重视程度不够,随着开发过程中局部地块积水受淹时才针对性的采取排水措施。由于没有系统性、全局性的对整个片区开发过程中的排水体系进行规划设计,一旦突降暴雨,短时间内难以采取有效的排水应急措施,因排水不畅易造成片区内场地或基坑以及片区外周边区域的内涝受淹,影响片区开发进度计划,产生较大的经济损失。因此,研究和解决片区土地一期开发过程中的排水问题,对保障片区及周边区域的防洪排涝安全,有效推进片区的开发计划,有着重要的作用和意义。
大东湖生态水网构建技术及应用

湖北省素称“千湖之省”,随着历史的变迁和人类活动的加剧,河湖自然连通的形式已不复存在,由于历年泥沙淤积、人工围湖垦殖等因素,湖泊数量和面积已大大缩小。大东湖水网生态工程的实施致力于恢复湖泊水质,改善水环境。大东湖水网由引水口、连通港渠和湖泊构成,生态水网的构建技术主要体现在生态引水口工程、生态河渠综合整治、湖泊底泥处理以及河湖水力优化调度等方面。在青山港、曾家巷两处引水口采用生态引水口技术;东湖港、九峰渠、青山港等18条水网内连通港渠均采用生态河渠综合整治技术;东湖、沙湖等8个湖泊采用生态环保清淤技术;采用水质水量二维模拟技术进行大东湖水网引排水调度。
Alcohol Drinking, Dyslipidemia, and Diabetes: A Population-based Prospective Cohort Study among Inner Mongolians in China

Objective No previous studies have evaluated the association between dyslipidemia, alcohol drinking, and diabetes in an Inner Mongolian population. We aimed to evaluate the co-effects of drinking and dyslipidemia on diabetes incidence in this population. Methods The present study was based on 1880 participants from a population-based prospective cohort study among Inner Mongolians living in China. Participants were classified into four subgroups according to their drinking status and dyslipidemia. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the association between alcohol drinking, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. Results During the follow-up period, 203 participants were found to have developed diabetes. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for the incidence of non-dyslipidemia/drinkers, dyslipidemia/non-drinkers, and dyslipidemia/drinkers in diabetic patients were 1.40 (0.82-2.37), 1.73 (1.17-2.55), and 2.31 (1.38-3.87), respectively, when compared with non-dyslipidemia/non-drinkers. The area under the ROC curve for a model containing dyslipidemia and drinking status along with conventional factors (AUC=0.746) was significantly (P=0.003) larger than the one containing only conventional factors (AUC=0.711). Conclusion The present study showed that dyslipidemia was an independent risk factor for diabetes, and that drinkers with dyslipidemia had the highest risk of diabetes in the Mongolian population. These findings suggest that dyslipidemia and drinking status may be valuable in predicting diabetes incidence.
On 2-adjacency between links

The author discusses 2-adjacency of two-component links and study the relations between the signs of the crossings to realize 2-adjacency and the coefficients of the Conway polynomial of two related links. By discussing the coefficient of the lowest m power in the Homfly polynomial, the author obtains some results and conditions on whether the trivial link is 2-adjacent to a nontrivial link, whether there are two links 2-adjacent to each other, etc. Finally, this paper shows that the Whitehead link is not 2-adjacent to the trivial link, and gives some examples to explain that for any given two-component link, there are infinitely many links 2-adjacent to it. In particular, there are infinitely many links 2-adjacent to it with the same Conway polynomial.
达比加群酯联合塞来昔布致上消化道出血1例

达比加群酯(dabigatran etexilate)是一种新型口服抗凝药物(NOACs),2010年获得美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)批准用于预防非瓣膜性房颤患者卒中和全身性栓塞,2013年在中国上市。达比加群酯是前体药物,口服后经酯酶水解释放出活性成分达比加群而发挥抗凝作用。虽然达比加群酯属于直接凝血酶抑制剂,具有靶点单一、安全性好,无需特殊用药监测等优势,有望取代华法林,但是随着该药临床上应用增多,所致不良反应报道逐渐增多。针对NOACs相关性出血,尤其是与非甾体抗炎药(NSAID)联用时如何评估胃肠道出血,目前临床尚无可靠预测指标,且该类药在国内暂缺乏特异性拮抗剂,临床对NOACs所致出血不良反应治疗经验有限。本文拟报道1例达比加群酯联合塞来昔布(celecoxib)致上消化道出血病例及治疗措施,为临床个体化选择抗凝治疗策略提供参考。
老年人颈肩部穴位保暖护具的研制及使用效果

中医认为感冒、落枕、肩凝虽属不同病症,但主要是由风寒之邪外束肌表,卫阳被郁,清阳不展,络脉失和所引起〔1〕。《素问?痹论》曰"风寒湿三气杂至,合而为痹";外感风寒,伤于肌表,阻遏卫阳,引发伤风证;风寒外束,颈肩部感受风寒,腠理疏泄,局部经脉为风寒之邪所滞,气血运行受阻,会引发肩周炎、落枕、颈椎病、感冒等痹症症状,影响人们生活质量。为了减少外感风寒疾病的发生,本课题研制了适合老年人的颈肩部穴位保暖护具,以减少睡眠中颈肩部受凉。
中老年烧伤患者心理健康现况及影响因素

目的探讨中老年烧伤患者的心理健康现况及其影响因素。方法205例中年烧伤患者为研究对象,采用问卷调查方式调查患者的一般资料、希望水平、应对方式和社会支持情况。采用结构方程模型分析患者心理健康水平的影响因素。结果中老年烧伤患者的SCL-90评分中抑郁、焦虑、敌对、偏执、躯体不适、精神疾患评分及总分均显著高于国内常模(P<0.05);强迫、人际关系和其他方面得分与国内常模比较统计学差异(P>0.05)。单因素显示,不同婚姻状况、文化程度、医疗费用、烧伤程度患者间SCL-90总分比较有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结构方程模型显示,性别、婚姻状况、文化程度、社会支持及对应方式对患者心理健康水平有直接影响作用。社会支持可以通过对应方式(0.312)间接对患者心理健康水平产生影响,文化程度可以通过对应方式(0.225)间接对患者心理健康水平产生影响。结论中年烧伤患者心理健康水平低于国内常模水平,临床医务人员应知晓其影响因素,开展有针对性的心理干预提升患者的希望水平,以达到缓解患者身心症状和提高生活质量的目的。
C反应蛋白与缺血性脑卒中关系的研究进展

缺血性脑卒中(CIS)大约占脑卒中总数的60%~80%。缺血性脑卒中也就是人们常说的脑梗死(CI)〔1〕,缺血性脑卒中因其临床表现多变,发病机制复杂,临床防治较为困难。为了在防治方面有所突破,CIS的机制研究显得尤为重要。新的研究表明,炎症反应作为CIS患者脑损伤的重要病理机制之一,参与了CIS的发生、进展全过程,炎症机制的研究正逐步成为CIS机制研究的热点方向。C反应蛋白(CRP)作为急性炎症反应标志物在临床上的应用也日臻成熟。加之CRP在CIS的预测、诊断、治疗、预后等方面的作用较为显著,其研究受到国内外科研人员的广泛关注,现仅就CRP与CIS关系的研究进展进行综述。
多巴丝肼联合电针对老年帕金森病患者血清白细胞介素-1β、胱抑素C及血清离子水平的影响

目的探讨多巴丝肼(美多芭)联合电针对老年帕金森病(PD)患者血清白细胞介素(IL)-1β、胱抑素C及血清离子水平的影响及意义。方法选取PD患者72例,随机分为实验组和对照组各36例,对照组行常规治疗,给予美多芭口服;实验组在常规治疗的基础上联合应用电针治疗。治疗结束后检测两组患者血清IL-1β、胱抑素C及血清离子水平,并对两组患者治疗前后分别进行ADL、MMSE评分,分析其临床意义。结果与对照组相比,实验组血清IL-1β、胱抑素C水平明显低于对照组(P<0.05);实验组血清钙离子水平明显低于对照组,血清镁离子水平明显高于对照组(P<0.05);实验组ADL评分明显高于对照组,MMSE评分明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论美多芭联合电针治疗老年PD患者具有较好的临床疗效,且能有效改善患者生存质量,安全性较高。
梁昌卫CD147 mRNA在前列腺癌组织中的表达及与临床生物学特性的关系

目的探讨CD147mRNA在前列腺癌组织中的表达及其临床生物学特性。方法选择前列腺癌患者癌组织标本54例,同期行前列腺摘除术与经尿道前列腺电切术的前列腺增生患者的组织标本50例。比较两组中CD147 mRNA的表达,分析前列腺癌组织中CD147 mRNA的表达与患者临床参数的关系,采用Logistic回归分析法评价影响CD147 mRNA在前列腺癌组织中阳性表达的相关因素。结果CD147 mRNA在前列腺癌组织中的阳性表达率+为50.00%,为9.26%,均显著高于前列腺增生组织中的6.00%与0.00%(均P<0.05)。Gleason病理分级≥5、临床分期T3~4、淋巴结转移N1及远处转移M1的CD147 mRNA阳性表达率分别显著高于Gleason病理分级2~4、T1~2、N0及M0者(均P<0.05)。Logistic结果显示,Gleason病理分级≥5、临床分期T3~4、淋巴结转移N1及远处转移M1均为前列腺癌组织中CD147 mRNA阳性表达的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论CD147 mRNA在前列腺癌组织中阳性表达异常,且Gleason病理分级≥5、临床分期T3~4、淋巴结转移N1及远处转移M1均为前列腺癌组织中CD147 mRNA阳性表达的危险因素。
初次人工膝关节表面置换时机的多重线性回归分析

[目的]探讨重度膝骨关节炎初次人工全膝表面置换手术时机的选择,运用多重线性回归分析,了解骨软骨退变程度对手术时机选择的临床指导意义。[方法]按Kellgren-Lawrence X线骨关节炎分级、Outerbridge软骨损伤分级确定重度膝骨关节炎的21例(24膝)患者实施初次人工膝关节表面置换术,术后HSS膝关节评分,通过“疼痛”、“功能”、“关节活动度”、“屈曲畸形程度”、“肌力”及“关节稳定”等6个自变量建立多重线性回归假设和方程,分析自变量因素的线性依存关系,了解手术介入的适宜时机。[结果]本组21例(24膝),术后平均随访(27.1 ±3.5)个月,患膝疼痛和功能障碍均明显改善,HSS评分:优8例;良13例;可3例。多重线性回归方程的假设检验分析P<0.05,差异有统计学意义。[结论]重度膝骨关节炎功能评分的多个自变量因素和术后疗效存在线性统计学依存关系,Kellgren - Lawrence X线分级和Outerbridge软骨损伤分级的重度膝关节炎的骨软骨退变程度与初次人工膝关节表面置换指征对应。
骨盆骨折合并阴道损伤12例疗效分析

目的:探讨骨盆骨折合并阴道损伤的早期诊断及疗效。方法:回顾分析2003年3月至2015年3月我院收治的12例骨盆骨折并阴道损伤患者,年龄16~65岁,平均34.5岁。患者均为骨盆骨折合并阴道损伤,10例患者一期行阴道修复手术治疗,2例患者为从外院转入我院,全身合并伤较重,合并有盆腔感染,二期行阴道修复手术。结果:12例患者均存活。10例一期修复患者中8例已婚,7例术后1个月性生活正常,1例术后1个月性生活时疼痛不适,术后3个月性生活满意;2例未婚,月经正常。2例二期修复患者均有性交时疼痛,性生活不满意。结论:女性骨盆骨折存在骨盆前环损伤时,应高度怀疑有阴道损伤的可能。早期诊断阴道损伤并给予及时修复手术治疗,可减少并发症,取得较好的临床疗效。
特发性肺间质纤维化的治疗进展

肺间质纤维化是导致肺脏功能障碍,直至不可逆地发展为呼吸衰竭、死亡的重要原因之一。以肺间质纤维化为主要特征的间质性肺疾病(ILD)是呼吸系统疾病中最具多样性、复杂性和难治性的一组疾病。ILD主要累及肺泡腔和肺间质,导致肺泡-毛细血管功能单位丧失。临床上表现为进行性加重的呼吸困难,限制性通气障碍伴弥散量降低,低氧血症以及影像学的双弥漫性病变,疾病种类超过200种。职业性呼吸系统疾病包括尘肺病、过敏性肺炎、硬金属肺病、金属及其化合物粉尘肺沉着病以及化学品中毒所致肺损伤均属于ILD的范畴,肺脏炎症和纤维化是共同的疾病表现,尚无有效的治疗药物控制肺纤维化的进展。近10年,随着组织病理学和胸部影像学的进展,相关国际共识性意见和指南的公布,ILD引起较为广泛的关注,诊治水平得到了提高。特发性肺纤维化(IPF)是临床上较为常见和具有代表性的ILD之一,其致残和致死性高,以不断进展的肺脏纤维化为特征,病因不明,中位生存时间仅为3~5年。近年来,有关抗肺纤维化药物的研发取得了一定进展,使IPF治疗进入了新阶段。我们以IPF为代表阐述肺纤维化的治疗进展,希望对职业性呼吸系统疾病特别是尘肺病的治疗有一定的借鉴作用。
血液透析过程中的眼压变化

维持性血液透析患者因原发疾病,尿毒症毒素蓄积或血液透析治疗的影响可能伴发各种眼部疾患。青光眼等眼部疾病在维持性血液透析患者人群中并不罕见。多个病例报道描述了患者血液透析期间急性眼压升高,伴发剧烈眼痛、头痛等症状。高眼压是青光眼发病和进展的重要危险因素。但既往临床研究在血液透析与眼压变化的关系上并未得出公认的结果,透析期间眼压升高的相关机制也尚未完全明确。本文对血液透析过程中的眼压变化进行综述,以期得出较有倾向性的结论。
电针或穴位埋线联合盆底肌生物反馈训练治疗压力性尿失禁的疗效观察

目的观察电针或穴位埋线联合盆底肌生物反馈训练治疗轻中度女性压力性尿失禁(SUI)患者的疗效。方法采用随机数字表法将90例轻中度SUI女性患者分为盆底肌训练组、电针观察肌及埋线观察组。3组患者均给予盆底肌生物反馈训练,电针观察组、埋线观察组患者则在上述干预基础上分别辅以电针或穴位埋线治疗,3组患者治疗持续时间均为6周。于治疗前、治疗后、治疗结束后6个月随访时分别采用尿垫试验、尿失禁生活质量问卷简表(ICI-Q-SF)对各组患者进行疗效评定。结果治疗前3组患者1 h漏尿量、ICI-Q-SF评分组间差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);治疗后及治疗结束6个月后随访时发现3组患者1 h漏尿量、ICI-Q-SF评分均较治疗前明显改善(P<0.05);进一步比较发现,治疗后电针观察组、埋线观察组患者1 h漏尿量[分别为(5.8±l.5)g和(6.0±l.4g)]及ICI-Q-SF评分[分别为(4.5±1.0)分和(5.0±1.2)分]亦显著优于盆底肌训练组(P<0.05),而治疗后电针观察组与埋线观察组1 h漏尿量及ICI-Q-SF评分组间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论电针或穴位埋线联合盆底肌训练均能有效改善轻中度SUI患者控尿能力,且远期康复疗效较好;与电针比较,穴位埋线耗时短,治疗次数少,更易被患者接受,上述中西医结合治疗值得在轻中度女性SUI患者中推广、应用。
全面肺康复治疗对中、重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者稳定期肺功能和血气指标的影响

目的观察全面肺康复治疗对中-重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者稳定期肺功能及血气指标的影响。方法选取COPD临床稳定期患者,且慢性阻塞性肺疾病全球防治创议(GOLD)分级为B至C级COPD患者120例,按随机数字表法分为实验组和对照组,每组患者60例。2组患者均给予COPD常规治疗,实验组在此基础上给予全面的肺康复治疗,包括训练前准备运动训练、呼吸功能锻炼、呼吸肌训练、健康教育、心理支持及营养干预等。于治疗前和治疗6个月后(治疗后)分别对2组患者的肺功能指标、血气指标、气促指数评分、静息心率以及6分钟步行距离(6MWD)进行评测。结果治疗后,对照组仅FEV1、FEV1/FVC、PaO_2,PaCO_2和SaO_2与组内治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其余各项与组内治疗前比较均改善不明显,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);实验组治疗后,除静息心率[(82.6±5.9)次/min]无明显改善(P>0.05), 其余各项指标与组内治疗前和对照组治疗后比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论全面肺康复治疗有助于改善中-重度COPD稳定期患者的肺功能及血气指标。
小儿肠道动力障碍与肠道病理改变关系专题研讨会纪要

为进一步探讨小儿肠道动力障碍性疾病病理诊断与临床诊治之间关系,特别是术中病理对外科手术的指导意义,加强小儿外科与病理科的合作,由上海交通大学附属新华医院和上海市儿科医学研究所共同主办的“小儿肠道动力障碍与肠道病理改变关系专题研讨会”于2016年5月24日在上海召开。会议由中华医学会小儿外科学分会副主任委员蔡威教授主持,邀请了澳大利亚墨尔本皇家儿童医院病理科周中华教授就肠道神经病变病理诊断的进展作了介绍。中华医学会小儿外科分会现任主任委员王维林教授、肛肠学组组长高亚教授、新生儿学组组长郑珊教授、以及施诚仁教授、吕志宝教授、陈其民教授、唐维兵教授、王俊教授等小儿外科专家,与中华医学会病理学分会儿科病理学组副组长何乐健教授及张忠德教授、杨军教授、王立峰教授、吴湘如教授等病理科专家就小儿肠道动力障碍性疾病临床与病理诊断之间的联系进行了深入的探讨。
盆炎舒方治疗急性盆腔炎临床观察

目的:探讨盆炎舒方治疗急性盆腔炎的临床疗效。方法:选择行唐县人民医院妇科2014年3月至2016年3月收治的急性盆腔炎患者90例,按数字随机表法分为两组,每组45例,对照组应用给予左氧氟沙星、替硝唑等西药治疗,治疗组在对照组治疗基础上给予盆炎舒方治疗,比较两组主要中医证候消失时间。并比较治疗前后白细胞(WBC)计数、血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、D-二聚体(D-D)水平,治疗前后进行盆腔超声检查,比较两组炎性包块直径和盆腔积液深度改善情况,疗程结束后比较两组治疗总有效率。结果:治疗组主要中医证候发热、小腹疼痛、带下量多消失时间均明显少于对照组;治疗后治疗组腋下温度和带下量积分均明显低于对照组,WBC计数、血清CRP水平、D-D水平炎性包块直径和盆腔积液深度改善情况均明显优于对照组,治疗总有效率明显高于对照组。结论:盆炎舒可促进炎症吸收、改善临床症状,治疗急性盆腔炎疗效显著。
急性重度吸入磷酸气体中毒1例

吸入磷酸中毒的病例罕见,报道较少。我们成功救治1例重度吸入磷酸中毒病例并文献复习,将加深广大医务人员对该病的认识,提高吸入磷酸等刺激性气体中毒的成功救治率,降低死亡率。因吸入磷酸气体中毒无特效解毒药及有效措施,以综合治疗为主,故加强对吸入磷酸中毒的预防和认识有重要的意义。
Plant Perceptions of Extracellular DNA and RNA

Plants and microbes interact in a myriad of ways in terrestrial ecosystems, which span from molecular to open-field scales. The basis of such communications among and within species is of intense interest among the plant–biotic interactions research community. While we think of DNA as the code that provides the genetic information of all organisms, recent discoveries on the functions of fragmented extracellular DNA (eDNA) have opened up a new arena in our understanding of biotic interactions (Mazzoleni et al., 2015a). In particular, plant perceptions of eDNA and extracellular RNA (eRNA) have embarked on a new journey in the fields of molecular pattern recognition and plant immune response (Lee et al., 2015; Mazzoleni et al., 2015a, 2015b). Such genetic materials in plant–microbe interactions play a provocative role in self- and non-self-recognition and induction of innate immunity in plants. eDNA and eRNA from bacteria are a strong trigger of biofilm formation, affecting colonization of the plant surface and a novel microbeassociated molecular pattern (MAMP), respectively (Panstruga, 2016). These findings suggest the intersection of disciplines, bringing to light new and interesting insight into the ways in which organisms interact and communicate in their natural environment.
Potassium channel blockers restore axonal conduction in CNS trauma and diseases

Myelin damage in the central nervous system (CNS) plays an important role in motor and sensory dysfunction (Shi and Sun, 2011). This neuropathology is observed widely in neurotrauma such as spinal cord injuries (SCI) and is also a distinguishing feature of many neurological diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (Shi and Sun, 2011). Damage to myelin structure leads to severe consequences at both a macromolecular and systems levels, which remains as one of the most challenging medical problems for both basic researchers and clinicians (Shi and Sun, 2011). Consequently, few successful therapeutic strategies exist today that can reverse or even slow the progression of this CNS pathology. Understanding the mechanisms underlying myelin damage is crucial for designing new, more effective treatments to mitigate symptoms and bring hope to millions of victims.
Prospects for bone marrow cell therapy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: how far are we from a clinical treatment?

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease that causes progressive muscular atrophy and death within 3–5 years after its onset. Despite the significant advances in knowledge of ALS pathology, no effective treatment is available. Therefore, it is imperative to search for new alternatives to treat ALS. Cell therapy, especially using bone-marrow cells, has showed to be very useful to protect the neural tissue in different brain disease or traumatic lesions. In ALS, most published results show beneficial effects of the use bone marrow cells, especially mesenchymal stromal cells. However, until now, the best outcome extends animal's lifespan by only a few weeks. It is essential to continue the search for a really effective therapy, testing different cells, routes and time-windows of administration. Studying the mechanisms that initiate and spread the degenerative process is also important to find out an effective therapy. Therefore, we discussed here some progresses that have been made using bone-marrow cell therapy as a therapeutic tool for ALS.
超声诊断皮下曼氏裂头蚴病复发1例

曼氏裂头蚴病是曼氏迭宫绦虫的第二期幼虫(裂头蚴)寄生于人体所致的人兽共患寄生虫病。裂头蚴感染人体的主要途径有:局部伤口敷贴生蛙经破损的皮肤或黏膜直接侵入,或食入含裂头蚴的未熟蛙、蛇、猪肉等,饮用或接触含被原尾蚴感染的水源。裂头蚴进入人体后主要分布于眼部、口腔颌面部、生殖系统及四肢躯干表皮、黏膜下或浅表肌肉,严重者可发生颅内甚至脊髓感染。鄱阳湖水系流域为曼氏裂头蚴病发病率较高的地区,本例患者为江西省鄱阳县人,年幼时经常下水游玩,其感染方式可能为游泳时误饮含被原尾蚴感染的剑水蚤湖塘水。由于3年前手术时未将整个虫体完全取出,导致此次裂头蚴病复发。裂头蚴感染人体后可在局部形成嗜酸性肉芽肿囊包,超声表现为混杂回声团块,周边稍高回声为嗜酸性肉芽肿改变,中央可见条索状匍行性低回声、内见"平行管征"结构,为蜷曲于囊包中的虫体。皮下曼氏裂头蚴病超声表现无明显特异性,易误诊为皮下脂肪瘤或血管瘤等,本例准确诊断曼氏裂头蚴复发得益于密切结合病史及动态观察图像变化。
Ecological species groups and interspecific association of vegetation in natural recovery process at Xiejiadian landslide after 2008 Wenchuan earthquake

Wenchuan earthquake on 12 May 2008 triggered numerous landslides, which disturbed vast areas of vegetation in northwest Sichuan. However, based on our primary field investigation at Xiejiadian landslide in July 2009, we found an obvious increase of the number of plant species and then we made a hypothesis that, after earthquake, vegetation at this landslide might recover by itself. In this paper, we conduct a newly field investigation at Xiejiadian landslide during November 2014 to verify this hypothesis. We investigated plant species composition at total 56 sites (trees 4, shrubs 16 and herbs 36, respectively), and calculated the Schluter’s variance ratio, important values, x~2 test, association coefficient, Ochiai index, Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlation coefficients, and Ecological species groups. Species sharply increased to 84 species belonging to 66 genera and 54 families, forming a complete life form containing trees, shrubs, herbs, and ground layers while only herbs detected in 2009. Moreover, an overall positive and moderately related interspecies association was detected for most of species pairs. Of total 84 species, twenty five were identified as dominant species and could be divided into four positive ecological species groups. This study verified our proposed hypothesis of self-recovery of vegetation in landslide triggered by the earthquake, and found Alnus cremastogyne, Rhus chinensis, Litsea cubeba, Vitis piasezkii and Anemone vitifolia would play a constructive role during the continuing succession of vegetation at Xiejiadian landslide.
The spatial distribution characteristics of shallow fissures of a landslide in the Wenchuan earthquake area

Shallow fissures, being the main infiltration paths of fluid on the surface of a slope, played an important role in the whole process of a landslide. However, the spatial distribution characteristics of fissures in the slope are difficult to be determined. In this study, we attempted to characterize the variation pattern of slope fissures along depth in the Wenchuan earthquake area in Sichuan Province by combining engineering geological investigation, geomorphologic analysis and geophysical investigation. The geophysical methods that were used in this study include Multichannel Analysis of Surface Wave (MASW), Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT). The results suggested that geophysical parameters (shear wave velocity, electromagnetic signals attenuation and resistivity) could provide valuable information for the spatial network of shallow fissures. Through the verification by engineering geological survey and geophysical sensitivity analysis, this work highlighted that MASW was the most appropriate technique to delineate the propagation of shallow fissures in a gravel soil slope.
板蓝的种质资源调查及质量评价

目的全面了解板蓝的资源分布、种质情况,为资源的保护与栽培推广等提供基础依据。方法①实地调查;②种质收集③质量评价。结果①板蓝野生者主要分布于福建、广东、广西、贵州、云南等地,栽培者主要分布于福建、广东、贵州、四川、浙江、广西等地;②以靛蓝、靛玉红作为评价指标,不同产地或种质的质量存在一定差异。结论以福建等地所产节较密集、叶墨绿而微皱的板蓝种质资源质量较佳。
GA_3对华重楼种子萌发过程中生理指标的影响

目的探究GA_3处理对重楼种子萌发过程相关生理生化指标的影响。方法检测了500mg·L~(-1) GA_3及清水(对照)处理的华重楼种子萌发过程淀粉、可溶性糖等含量的变化情况。结果与对照相比,不同时间段下GA_3处理种子的可溶性蛋白含量总体上无显著差异,都呈降低的趋势;游离脂肪酸含量整体上小于对照组,其含量达最高值的时间晚于且高于对照;淀粉含量在60~ 90天期间明显低于对照;可溶性糖含量总体上高于对照; α、β淀粉酶活力在15~ 45天高于对照。此外,GA_3处理种子的可溶性糖、糖粉含量及α、β淀粉酶活力在0~ 15天中都呈降低的趋势,其中α淀粉酶和β淀粉酶活力达最高值的时间分别比对照提前了15天和30天,且其含量高于对照。结论500mg·L~(-1)外源GA_3处理促进了华重楼种子淀粉和脂肪的降解、可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖的产生及α、β淀粉酶的合成。
重楼中α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂的初步研究

目的筛选重楼中具有抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性的物质。方法采用水提醇沉,阳离子交换树脂法及系统有机溶剂萃取法对重楼进行提取分离,并通过活性抑制追踪法进行筛选。结果重楼中抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性最强的有效部分是其水提取物阳离子交换树脂50%乙醇(pH8)洗脱部分的正丁醇萃取物,其甲醇溶解物对α-葡萄糖苷酶的活性抑制率达61.47%。结论重楼可作为α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂进一步研究和开发,且其对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用填补了重楼药理作用的一项空白。
水母雪莲ISSR-PCR反应体系优化及引物筛选

目的优化并建立适合于水母雪莲的ISSR-PCR反应体系并筛选出稳定的ISSR引物。方法采用L_(16)(4~5)正交设计方法,以TaqDNA聚合酶浓度、dNTP浓度、模板DNA浓度、引物浓度、Mg~(2+)浓度5种因素4个水平对水母雪莲ISSR-PCR反应体系进行优化;并对反应体系进行验证。采用优化后的反应体系筛选出条带清晰且稳定的ISSR引物,通过退火温度梯度试验确定最佳退火温度。结果最终确立了水母雪莲20μl ISSR-PCR最佳反应体系,即包含TaqDNA聚合酶0.7U、dNTP 0.125mmol/L、引物0.3 μmol/L、模板DNA 40ng、Mg~(2+) 1.5mmol/L。在此基础上,从84条ISSR引物中筛选出条带清晰且稳定的8条引物,并通过梯度PCR反应确定最佳退火温度。结论经过11份水母雪莲种质验证,证明所建立的体系稳定可靠,可用于后续水母雪莲遗传多样性分析和种质资源鉴定。
苗药头花蓼对幽门螺杆菌外膜蛋白及omp8、omp32基因的影响

目的通过观察苗药头花蓼作用前后的幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,H. pylori)外膜蛋白(outer membrane protein, omp)及omp8、omp32基因表达水平的变化,探讨头花蓼抑制H. pylori生长活性的机制。方法应用Western blot及Real time PCR技术检测苗药头花蓼作用前后,H. pylori外膜蛋白及omp8、omp32 mRNA表达量的变化。结果Western blot结果显示,苗药头花蓼作用后omp较对照组升高,具有统计学差异(P< 0.05); Real time PCR结果显示,H. pylori在苗药头花蓼作用后其omp8、omp32 mRNA表达量分别较对照组上调2.339倍和2.597倍,具有统计学意义(P< 0.05)。结论苗药头花蓼通过上调H. pylori外膜蛋白及omp8、omp32 mRNA水平,引起外膜通透性改变,从而发挥抗菌作用。
叶天士从脾胃辨治慢性咳嗽探析

咳嗽是呼吸科患者最常见的症状,临床根据咳嗽发病的时间分为急性咳嗽、亚急性咳嗽和慢性咳嗽,其中咳嗽时间超过8周,且胸部X线检查无明显异常,以咳嗽为主要或惟一症状者,即所谓不明原因慢性咳嗽(简称“慢性咳嗽”) 。
表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯对脂多糖诱导胶质细胞炎症的保护作用

目的观察表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)对细菌脂多糖(LPS)所致大鼠神经胶质细胞炎症的保护作用。方法取新生乳鼠原代神经胶质细胞培养,利用LPS激活小胶质细胞引起炎症反应。荧光探针检测细胞内超氧化自由基的水平;酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)和Western印迹检测肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α、白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-8、诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)、炎性因子蛋白含量的变化。结果LPS激活神经小胶质细胞,促进其释放超氧化自由基,诱导炎症因子的过度表达,大幅上调TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-8炎性因子和升高iNOS蛋白质水平(P<0.05),EGCG明显抑制超氧化自由基及上述炎症因子的过度产生,减轻LPS对神经胶质细胞的毒性。结论EGCG能减弱LPS引起的体外培养神经胶质细胞的炎症反应。
噻莱西哌

Selexipag是首款选择性口服前列环素IP受体激动剂,由Actelion公司研发,2015年12月21日获得美国FDA批准上市,商品名为Uptravi。该药最初由日本新药株式会社发现并合成,用于肺动脉高压(PAH)的治疗[1]。 selexipag的中文化学名称为: 2-{ 4-[(5,6-二苯基吡嗪-2-基)(异丙基)氨基]丁氧基} -N(甲磺酰基)乙酰胺;英文化学名称: 2-{ 4-[(5,6-diphenylpyrazin-2-yl)(isopropyl) amino]butoxy} -N(methylsulfonyl) acetamide;分子式为: C_(26)H_(32)N_4O_4 S;分子量: 496.62; CAS登记号: 475086-01-2。
Soil Aggregate Stability and Iron and Aluminium Oxide Contents Under Different Fertiliser Treatments in a Long-Term Solar Greenhouse Experiment

Soil in greenhouses is likely to suffer a gradual decline in aggregate stability. Determination of the effects of different fertiliser practices on soil aggregate stability is important for taking advantage of solar greenhouses. Soil aggregate stability and iron (Fe) and aluminium (Al) oxide contents were investigated in a 26-year long-term fertilisation experiment in greenhouse in Shenyang, China, under eight fertiliser treatments: manure (M), fertiliser N (FN), fertiliser N with manure (MN), fertiliser P (FP), fertiliser P with manure (MP), fertiliser NP (FNP), fertiliser NP with manure (MNP), and control without any fertiliser (CK). A wet sieving method was used to determine aggregate size distribution and water-stable aggregates (WSA), mean weight diameter and geometric mean diameter as the indices of soil aggregate stability. Different fertiliser treatments had a statistically significant influence on aggregate stability and Fe and Al oxide contents. Long-term application of inorganic fertilisers had no obvious effects on the mass proportion of aggregates. By contrast, manure application significantly increased the mass proportion of macroaggregates at the expense of microaggregates. All treatments, with the exception of FNP, significantly increased the stability of macroaggregates but decreased that of microaggregates when compared with CK. Aggregation under MP and MN was better than that under M and MNP; however, no significant differences were found among inorganic fertiliser treatments (i.e., FN, FP, and FNP). A positive relation was found between pyrophosphate-extractable Fe and WSA (r = 0:269), but no significant relations were observed between other Fe and Al oxides and aggregate stability.
A Modified Plate Assay for Rapid Screening of Potassium- Solubilizing Bacteria

The utility of microorganisms for solubilizing the unavailable forms of potassium (K) from soil has led to renewed interest in fabrication of rapid and sensitive plate assays for their isolation and screening. The present study developed a modified plate assay and compared it with previously reported methods for the isolation and screening of K-solubilizing bacteria. The newly developed plate assay is based on improved visualization of halo zone formation around the colonies on agar plates, through inclusion of an acid-base indicator dye, bromothymol blue (BTB), to modify the previously reported Aleksandrov medium. The halo zone exhibited a significant correlation (R = 0:939) with K released in liquid medium. The visualization of potential K solubilizers was improved using this method, which would help in detection of weak/non-acid producers based on secretion of organic acids in the medium. Organic acids in plate diffuse radially and form halo zones in response to reaction with the acid-base indicator dye BTB. Furthermore, K solubilization on plates with this method can be observed within 48-72 h, against the incubation time of 4-5 d needed in the earlier method. Therefore, the newly developed protocol for the plate assay was time saving, more sensitive, and beneficial in comparison to the previously reported Aleksandrov plate assay.