mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Towards scalable van der Waals heterostructure arrays

Two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures are mostly created by an arduous micromechanical exfoliation and manual restacking process.In a recent report published in Nature,Li and colleagues reported a chemical vapour deposition(CVD)method with controllable nucleation sites for synthesizing van der Waals heterostructure arrays scalably and controllably,which is a necessary step towards practical integrated circuits.
Microstructural evolution, tensile property and dynamic compressive property of FSWed Ti-6Al-4V alloy

Friction stir welding was applied to Ti-6Al-4V plates with 5 mm in thickness. The microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated. A full lamellar microstructure was developed near the top surface, and the size of prior β grain gradually decreases as the distance from the top surface increases. The microstructure of the bottom is fine equiaxed α grains, and the mean size is 2 lm. A mixture microstructure consisting of primary α,lamellar α+ β and fine equiaxed α is discovered in thermomechanically affected zone (TMAZ). Results of transverse tensile test show that the tensile strength of the joint reaches 98% that of the base material (BM). Quasi-static compression test shows that the joint exhibits larger compressive strength and failure strain than the BM. Dynamic compressive strength of the joint is close to that of the BM;furthermore, the strain at the peak stress and energy absorption of the joint are larger than those of the BM.
High coercivity Pr_2Fe_(14)B/α-Fe nanocomposite permanent magnets with Zr addition

The ingots with nominal composition Pr_(9.5)Fe_(84-x)B_(6.4)P_(0.1)Zr_x(x = 0,1,2,3)were prepared by an electric arc furnace under purified argon atmosphere.The ribbons were obtained by melt spinning at a wheel speed of 16–33 m·s~(-1).X-ray diffraction(XRD)results show that P addition decreases crystallinity of hard phase,but further Zr addition increases the amorphous-forming ability of soft phase.The intrinsic coercivity largely increases from 502(Zr-free)to 945 kA·m~(-1)(2 at% Zr),which is among the highest value reported so far in this poor rare earth nanocomposite magnets.The hysteresis loops of the alloys with addition of 1 at% and 2 at% Zr show good squareness with single-phase characteristic,indicating well exchange coupling between hard and soft magnetic grains.Transmission electron microscope(TEM)results reveal small grain size and uniformity in the microstructure in the Zradded samples,which is the reason for high coercivity.
我们的征途是有光的深海

我进入海洋研究领域,源自硕士导师龚一鸣教授的推荐。进入同济大学之前,我跟随张克信教授的团队在东昆仑山无人区填图,每天翻山越岭几十公里。1996年和1997年的中国,科研人员的物质生活比较清贫,无人区里的艰辛让我产生了换一个学习方向的念头。1998年6月,在准备博士入学考试时,将此想法告诉了导师龚一鸣教授。我记得当时是在中国地质大学(武汉)地勘楼前与他说这些话,他看着我,思考了一会说:“我们刚开完一个会,传达了国家后期发展的一些计划,21世纪将是海洋的世纪,你不如投身国家的海洋事业中去吧,可以考虑去上海读同济大学汪品先老师的博士。”我没有过多的询问,立即着手准备,在同济大学卞云华老师的悉心关照下,1999年9月终于成为了汪品先院士的一名博士研究生。
新冠疫情是进行科普教育、提高国民科学素质的契机

2020年初春,一场突如其来的疫情给华夏大地带来严峻的考验,国家的综合科技实力是战胜疫情的决定因素。正如习近平总书记所说“人类同疾病较量最有力的武器就是科学技术,人类战胜大灾大疫离不开科学发展和技术创新”。通过此次抗疫,一方面要充分认识中国在基础科学、医疗、工程及社会管理取得的进步;另一方面也要对疫情期间出现的各种不符合科学事实、不尊重科学规律、缺乏科学精神的现象和行为进行反思。通过此次新冠肺炎疫情防控进行科普教育,从而提高国民科学素质。做好这项工作才是我们从此次疫情的危机中可以获得的最大科学财富,才有可能在下一次危机到来的时候让我们有能力应对的更加科学、有效、从容。
鼻咽部伴有破骨样巨细胞的炎性肌纤维母细胞肿瘤一例

报道1例发生于鼻咽部的伴有破骨样巨细胞的炎性肌纤维母细胞肿瘤的临床资料,行光镜观察、免疫组织化学标记及荧光原位杂交,并复习相关文献。肿块大小1.5 cm×1.0cm×0.4 cm,切面灰白实性质中,无包膜。镜下观察,肿瘤由梭形细胞组成,背景中可见弥漫散在分布的炎性细胞浸润并可见散在分布的破骨样巨细胞。免疫组织化学染色示肿瘤细胞强表达广谱细胞角蛋白(CKpan)、间变性淋巴瘤激酶、波形蛋白、结蛋白,Ki-67阳性指数10%。荧光原位杂交(FISH)检测示肿瘤存在ALK基因易位阳性。鼻咽部IMT临床及影像学缺乏特异性表现,故确诊依赖病理学。其诊断需要与结节性筋膜炎、多形性未分化肉瘤、平滑肌肉瘤等鉴别,可根据病理形态学、免疫组织化学表型、发生部位和年龄等要素综合判断。
Paleoclimatic and provenance implications of magnetic parameters from the Miocene sediments in the Subei Basin

Thick sediments from foreland basins usually provide valuable information for understanding the relationships between mountain building, rock denudation, and sediment deposition. In this paper, we report environmental magnetic measurements performed on the Miocene sediments in the Subei Basin, northeastern Tibetan Plateau. Our results show two different patterns. First, the bulk susceptibility and SIRM, ARM, and HIRM mainly reflect the absolute-concentration of magnetic minerals; all have increased remarkably since 13.7 Ma, related to provenance change rather than climate change. Second, the ratios of IRM_(100mT)/SIRM, IRM_(100mT)/IRM_(30mT), and IRM_(100mT)/IRM_(60mT), together with the redness and S ratio, reflect the relative-concentration of hematite, being climate-dependent. Their vertical changes correlate in general with the long-term Miocene climatic records of marine oxygen isotope variations, marked by the existence of higher ratios between 17 and 14 Ma. This may imply that global climate change, rather than uplift of the Tibetan Plateau, played a dominant role in the long-term climatic evolution of the Subei area from the early to middle Miocene.
Hyperspectral estimation model of soil Pb content and its applicability in different soil types

In order to obtain Pb content in soil quickly and efficiently, a multivariate linear regression (MLR) and a principal component regression (PCR) Pb content estimation model were established on the basis of hyperspectral techniques, and their applicability in different soil types was evaluated. Results indicated that Pb exhibited strong spatial heterogeneity in the study area, and more than 82% of the samples exceeded the background value. In addition, the pollution range was large. Pb was sensitive in the nearinfrared band, and the correlation of absorbance (AB) was most significant of all the transformed forms. Both models achieved optimal stability and reliability when AB was used as an independent variable. Compared with the PCR model, the stability, fitting accuracy, and predictive power of the MLR model were superior with a coefficient of determination, root mean square error, and mean relative error of 0.724%, 24.92%, and 28.22%, respectively. Both models could be applied to different soil types; however, MLR had better applicability compared with PCR. The PCR model that distinguished different soil types had better reliability than one that did not. Thus, the model established via hyperspectral techniques can achieve largearea, rapid, and efficient soil Pb content monitoring, which can provide technical support for the treatment of heavy metal pollution in soil.
Even-carbon predominance of Monomethyl branched alkanes in Humic coal from Junggar Basin, NW China

A series of Monomethyl branched alkanes compounds were detected between nC14-nC36, in immature and low maturity Jurassic humic coal, Junggar basin. 2-methyl alkanes and 3-methyl alkanes accounted for the vast majority of the compounds. It is worth noting that the 2-methyl alkanes in the humic coal samples show an obvious distribution of even carbon predominances rarely reported in the literature. The results show that with the increase of Pr/Ph (pristane/phytane), the even carbon dominance of 2-methyl alkanes is more obvious, while the odd carbon number distribution of 3-methyl alkanes is weakened. As Pr/Ph increases in the humic coal, the relative content of the hopanes increased, while the relative content of 2-methyl alkanes and 3-methyl alkanes increases first and then decreases.
Deciphering the puzzles of dog domestication

The domestic dog,as a highly successful domestication model,is well known as a favored human companion.Exploring its domestication history should provide great insight into our understanding of the prehistoric development of human culture and productivity.Furthermore,investigation on the mechanisms underpinning the morphological and behavioral traits associated with canid domestication syndrome is of significance not only for scientific study but also for human medical research.Current development of a multidisciplinary canine genome database,which includes enormous omics data,has substantially improved our understanding of the genetic makeup of dogs.Here,we reviewed recent advances associated with the original history and genetic basis underlying environmental adaptations and phenotypic diversities in domestic dogs,which should provide perspectives on improving the communicative relationship between dogs and humans.
The antibacterial activity of Berberis heteropoda Schrenk and its effect on irritable bowel syndrome in rats

The dried roots of Berberis heteropoda Schrenk have traditionally been used to treat acute gastroenteritis and dysentery. The aim of this study was to confirm the antibacterial activity of an extract of Berberis heteropoda Schrenk root in vitro and its therapeutic effects on rats with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (D-IBS) in vivo, as well as to identify the related signaling pathways. A water extract of Berberis heteropoda Schrenk root (BHS) inhibited the growth of S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. faecalis. BHS potentially damaged the structure of the bacterial cell membrane and decreased the activity of some membranous enzymes, eventually killing the S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. faecalis bacteria. Oral administration of BHS (low, middle and high dose group, L, M and H) significantly alleviated the abdominal pain, diarrhea, and depression-like symptoms of D-IBS rats, and the efficacy index ranged from 30% to 60%, indicating that the BHS treatment was effective. BHS (L, M and H) alleviated the abnormal pathological changes in the brain, as evidenced by HE staining. The expression of CHAT, 5-HT, C-FOS and CGRP was reduced by the BHS treatment (L, M and H). Our findings provide novel insights into the use of the natural product BHS to inhibit pathogenic bacteria by destroying the bacterial structure, indicating that BHS possesses certain biological activities. Furthermore, BHS has the potential to alleviate diarrhea, abdominal pain and depression-like behaviors in D-IBS rats by regulating the brain-gut peptide levels.
Minimizing electrostatic interactions from piezoresponse force microscopy via capacitive excitation

Piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) has emerged as one of the most powerful techniques to probe ferroelectric materials at the nanoscale,yet it has been increasingly recognized that piezoresponse measured by PFM is often influenced by electrostatic interactions.In this letter,we report a capacitive excitation PFM (ce-PFM) to minimize the electrostatic interactions.The effectiveness of ce-PFM in minimizing electrostatic interactions is demonstrated by comparing the piezoresponse and the effective piezoelectric coefficient measured by ce-PFM and conventional PFM.The effectiveness is further confirmed through the ferroelectric domain pattern imaged via ce-PFM and conventional PFM in vertical modes,with the corresponding domain contrast obtained by ce-PFM is sharper than conventional PFM.These results demonstrate ce-PFM as an effective tool to minimize the interference from electrostatic interactions and to image ferroelectric domain pattern,and it can be easily implemented in conventional atomic force microscope (AFM) setup to probe true piezoelectricity at the nanoscale.
Spatial artificial neural network model for subgrid-scale stress and heat flux of compressible turbulence

The subgrid-scale (SGS) stress and SGS heat flux are modeled by using an artificial neural network (ANN) for large eddy simulation (LES) of compressible turbulence.The input features of ANN model are based on the first-order and second-order derivatives of filtered velocity and temperature at different spatial locations.The proposed spatial artificial neural network (SANN) model gives much larger correlation coefficients and much smaller relative errors than the gradient model in an a priori analysis.In an a posteriori analysis,the SANN model performs better than the dynamic mixed model (DMM) in the prediction of spectra and statistical properties of velocity and temperature,and the instantaneous flow structures.
乳腺癌保留乳房手术后局部复发的相关因素分析

虽然近年来中国保留乳房手术率不断上升,保留乳房手术已逐渐成为早期乳腺癌患者的主要手术方式之一,但与欧美发达国家相比,中国的保留乳房手术率仍较低。患者担心乳腺癌保留乳房手术后局部复发是影响保留乳房手术率提高的重要原因之一。大量文献对乳腺癌保留乳房手术后局部复发的相关因素进行了报道,笔者对近年来相关文献进行分析并综述。
Searchable Encryption Cloud Storage with Dynamic Data Update to Support Efficient Policy Hiding

Ciphertext policy attribute based encryption(CP-ABE)can provide high finegrained access control for cloud storage. However,it needs to solve problems such as property privacy protection,ciphertext search and data update in the application process. Therefore,based on CP-ABE scheme,this paper proposes a dynamically updatable searchable encryption cloud storage(DUSECS)scheme. Using the characteristics of homomorphic encryption,the encrypted data is compared to achieve efficient hiding policy. Meanwhile,adopting linked list structure,the DUSECS scheme realizes the dynamic data update and integrity detection,and the search encryption against keyword guessing attacks is achieved by combining homomorphic encryption with aggregation algorithm. The analysis of security and performance shows that the scheme is secure and efficient.
健康教育游戏在糖尿病患者中的应用进展

糖尿病健康教育在糖尿病患者长期的健康维护中起到重要作用,“寓教于乐”的理念使得游戏逐渐运用到糖尿病健康教育当中。该文概述健康教育游戏及其理论基础,介绍健康教育游戏在糖尿病患者食物选择、血糖监测、胰岛素注射、运动锻炼方面的应用,并指出健康教育游戏的局限性和应用前景,为健康教育游戏在糖尿病患者中的应用提供参考。
美国护理工程学教育的发展与现状

以人工智能、大数据、物联网等为特征的新一轮科技革命,给医学的发展带来了根本性的影响,知识更新快速迭代、多学科交叉融合趋势明显。在此背景下,2018年政府工作报告提出了“新医科”的理念,鼓励将工程技术引入医疗服务中,医学与工程学结合成为当今医学发展的必然趋势。伴随着我国疾病谱的变化和人均寿命的延长,人口老龄化、慢性疾病人数庞大等健康问题,传统的护理技术已不能满足需求。越来越多的护理难题被学科交叉协同攻关的方式所攻破,“照护机器人”、“精准护理”、“智慧护理”等新兴领域的出现,将工程学的知识以及技术引入到护理学领域中,为减少照护的人力需求、减轻工作负担、构建新的照护模式提供思路。目前,美国已初步开展护理工程学教育,但我国尚未开始。本文旨在综述美国护理工程学教育的培养模式、培养目标、培养方向、课程设置、教学方法及形式等,以期为我国护理学与工程学交叉应用型创新人才的培养提供借鉴。
Solar spectral conversion based on plastic films of lanthanide-doped ionosilicas for photovoltaics: Down-shifting layers and luminescent solar concentrators

The mismatch between the photovoltaic (PV) cells absorption and the solar irradiance on earth is one of the major limitations towards more efficient PV energy conversion. This aspect was addressed by downshifting the solar irradiance on Earth through luminescent down-shifting layers based on lanthanide-doped surface-functionalized ionosilicas (ISs) embedded in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) coated on the surface of commercial Si-based PV cells. The IS-PMMA hybrid materials exhibit efficient solar radiation harvesting (spectral overlap of-9.5 × 10~(19) photons/(s·m~2)) and conversion (quantum yield-52%). The direct solar radiation and the down-shifted radiation are partially guided and lost through total internal reflection to the layer edges being unavailable for PV conversion of the coated PV cell. By tuning the down-shifting layer thickness, it also acts as luminescent solar concentrator enabling the collection of the guided radiation by flexible PV cells applied on the borders of the down-shifting layer leading to an enhancement of the PV energy conversion from-5% (in the case of the single-use of the luminescent down-shifting layer) to-13% comparing with the bare PV cell. The overall electrical output of the device resulted in an absolute external quantum efficiency increase of-32% for the optimized Eu~(3+)-based films in the UV spectral region (compared with the bare PV device, which is among the best values reported so far).
Presence of neodymium and gadolinium in cobalt ferrite lattice: Structural, magnetic and microwave features for electromagnetic wave absorbing

In this work, neodymium substituted gadolinium-cobalt ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized by hydrothermal method. The significant role of doping both the Nd~(3+) and Gd~(3+) ions to cobalt ferrite in manipulating the cation distribution and further in influencing structural and magnetic properties was experimentally studied and reported. The influence of Nd~(3+) substitution was investigated with step of 0.02e0.1 into the optimized Gd-Co compound. The crystal structure formation and crystallite size were explored by X-ray diffraction analysis in which the crystallite size and lattice constant decrease with increasing the Nd~(3+) substitution. The microstructural properties were studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy studies. The obtained structural and morphological results reveal that the substitution of Nd~(3+) with more than 0.06 into the Gd-Co ferrites will change the material behavior and trends. The saturation magnetization and coercivity values were measured using a vibration sample magnetometer at room temperature. Comparative microwave absorption experiments demonstrate that the reflection loss properties enhance with increasing substitution of Nd~(3+) cations in Gd-Co ferrite spinel structure. This research reports that the as-prepared Nd~(3+) substituted Gd-Co ferrite compound stands as promising candidate for absorbing electromagnetic wave with a wider absorbing bandwidth of X-band.
Effect of cerium oxide prepared under different hydrothermal time on electrocatalytic performance of Pt-based anode catalysts

In this paper, CeO_2 with a pore size of 2e4 nm was synthesized by hydrothermal method. The CeO_2 modified graphene-supported Pt catalyst was prepared by the microwave-assisted ethylene glycol reduction chloroplatinic acid method, and the effect of the addition of CeO_2 prepared by different hydrothermal reaction time on the catalytic performance of Pt-based catalysts was investigated. The microstructures of CeO_2 and catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), specific surface area and pore size analyzer (BET), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron spectroscopy (EDAX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the catalysts electrochemical performance was tested by electrochemical workstation. The results show that the catalytic performance of the four catalysts with CeO_2 is better than that of the catalyst without CeO_2. Adding CeO_2 with a specific surface area of 120.15 m~2/g prepared by hydrothermal reaction time of 39 h to Pt/C synthesis catalyst, its electrocatalytic performance, stability and resistance to poisoning are the best. The electrochemical active surface area is 102.83 m~2/g, the peak current density of ethanol oxidation is 757.17 A/g and steady-state current density of 1100 s is 108.17 A/g which shows the lowest activation energy for ethanol oxidation reaction. When the cyclic voltammogram is scanned for 500 cycles, the oxidation peak current density retention rate is 87.74%.
Enhancement of La_2O_3 to Li-Mn/WO_3/TiO_2 for oxidative coupling of methane

A series of La_2O_3-promoted Li-Mn/WO_3/TiO_2 catalysts were prepared by varying the concentration of La_2O_3 promoter. The effect of La_2O_3 promoter on its properties and catalytic performance for OCM was characterized with XRD, FT-IR, O_2-TPD, Raman, CO_2-TPD, H_2-TPR, XPS and CH_4-TPSR. The results show that all the La_2O_3-promoted Li-Mn/WO_3/TiO_2 catalysts possess a larger amount of strong basic sites and more abundant chemisorbed oxygen species in comparison with Li-Mn/WO_3/TiO_2, which is beneficial to OCM reaction. Furthermore, La_2O_3 promoter can enhance the mobility of the oxygen species and the Mn species redox ability, which can also be favorable for the improvement of the catalytic performance for OCM. Due to the optimal synergistic interaction of these factors, 5 wt%La_2O_3-Li-Mn/WO_3/TiO_2 exhibits the best performance among all the catalysts, on which the highest C_2 yield of 19.2% is achieved at 750 °C.
Enhanced separation of praseodymium and neodymium by kinetic “push and pull” system of [A336][NO_3]-DTPA in a column extractor

A new approach was suggested in present work for improving the separation between Pr(III) and Nd(III) by a so-called kinetic "push and pull" system consisting of [A336][NO_3] and DTPA in a column extractor. It is revealed that, when organic extractant [A336][NO_3] is continuously pumped into the column extractor in the form of dispersed oil droplets and at the same time DTPA was injected into the aqueous feed solution when the extraction was just started, the separation factor of Pr(III) to Nd(III), β_(Pr/Nd), increased obviously with the time, and could even achieve 21.7. Such an amazing increase in β_(Pr/Nd) value might be due to the extraction rate of Pr(III) by [A336][NO_3] oil droplets being faster than that of Nd(III), while the complexing rate of Nd(III) with DTPA in the aqueous solutions being faster than that of Pr(III). The opposite order of the two rates for Pr(III) and Nd(III) result in their kinetic “push and pull” separation. In contrast, the β_(Pr/Nd) value in traditional thermodynamic separation reported in previous literatures is only around 5 or even less, even though using the same extractant [A336][NO_3] and DTPA but by previously adding DTPA into the aqueous feed solutions for pre-complexing of Pr(III) and Nd(III). Various effects from the pH and addition amount of DTPA aqueous solutions, LiNO_3 concentrations in initial aqueous feed solutions, the initial concentration ratios of Pr(III) to Nd(III) ions, the initial pH of aqueous feed solutions, and the concentrations of [A336][NO_3] in organic phases, on the kinetic separation of Pr(III) and Nd(III) are discussed. The present work highlights a promising approach for separation of rare earths or other targets with extreme similarity in physicochemical properties.
Robust and easily retrievable Pd/Ti_3C_2T_xcgraphene hydrogels for efficient catalytic hydrogenation of nitroaromatic compounds

Ti_3C_2T_x has been emerging as an attractive platform to prepare composite catalysts, and their assembly into integrated catalytic materials represents a key step forward toward practical applications. However, the swelling behavior of Ti_3C_2T_x leads to significant structure change, which challenges the stability of Ti_3C_2T_x-based integrated functional materials for catalytic applications. Here we report a facile synthesis of Pd/Ti_3C_2T_x⊂graphene hydrogels in which Pd/Ti_3C_2T_x are spatially encapsulated in the 3D porous graphene framework. The porous interconnected structure not only affords efficient mass transfer and desirable functional accessibility to catalytic active sites, but also effectively buffers the swelling behavior of Ti_3C_2T_x. When applied for catalytic hydrogenation of nitroaromatic compounds, the mechanically robust Pd/Ti_3C_2T_xcgraphene hydrogels exhibit efficient activities, easy separability, and good cyclability. This work is expected to promote the application of Ti_3C_2T_x-based functional materials for practical applications involving interactions with salt solutions, such as supercapacitors, catalysis, and water purification.
糖尿病通过影响成-破骨细胞活性加重牙周炎病理进程的研究进展

糖尿病和牙周炎,作为两种慢性疾病,在世界范围内影响日益严重。大量研究表明糖尿病是导致牙周炎发生发展的重要危险因素之一,并且在发病的中晚期会诱发骨代谢异常。牙槽骨丢失是牙周炎的主要表现之一,本文基于成骨-破骨偶联失衡,探讨糖尿病状态下成骨-破骨细胞的改变加重牙周炎骨异常可能的机制,并就成骨、破骨细胞功能障碍的骨代谢紊乱与骨丢失的潜在因素作一综述。
阐释纳米晶溶解度的机理—固体核磁揭示表面配体的排布和相互作用

纳米颗粒的表面配体是决定纳米体系性质的重要组成部分,影响了纳米体系的稳定性1、生物相容性2、发光性质3和溶液性质等。例如在新型的发光材料—纳米晶量子点中,配体对量子点的溶解度有着至关重要的影响4。近年,浙江大学彭笑刚教授提出的“熵配体”概念4a,可通过混合长短链配体将量子点在有机相的溶解度提升5–6个数量级。这些熵配体已被广泛应用在纳米晶的合成和加工过程5。但其分子图像—配体的排列方式,配体间相互作用的定量改变—尚未可知。
建立分类救治的应急医疗体系应对新型冠状病毒肺炎社区暴发后的武汉市超负荷医疗需求

武汉市是国内新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情最严重的城市。社区传播暴发使原有的医疗资源不堪重负。武汉市迅速重建了新的分类救治应急医疗体系,整合本地和外省市支援力量重新配置医疗资源,有效应对了社区暴发后的超负荷医疗需求。
河流生态系统健康研究现状与展望———基于文献计量研究

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