mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
黄杞总黄酮对2型糖尿病合并动脉粥样硬化大鼠胰岛素抵抗的影响

目的探讨黄杞总黄酮对2型糖尿病合并动脉粥样硬化大鼠胰岛素抵抗的影响。方法高脂饲料、腹腔注射N-硝基-L-精氨酸甲酯(5 mg/kg)共同诱导GK大鼠动脉粥样硬化后,随机分为5组,即模型组,二甲双胍组(150 mg/kg),阿托伐他汀组(10 mg/kg),黄杞总黄酮高、低剂量组(500、250 mg/kg),另以正常Wistar大鼠为对照组,灌胃给药8周。每2周检测体质量,第8周测定空腹血糖(FBG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS),计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、胰岛素敏感指数(ISI),HE染色法观察胰腺组织病理变化。结果8周后,黄杞总黄酮组大鼠体质量显著低于模型组(P < 0.05)。与模型组比较,黄杞总黄酮高剂量组FBG、HOMA-IR显著降低(P < 0.05),ISI显著升高(P < 0.05),而FINS水平无显著变化(P > 0.05);低剂量组亦然(除FBG无明显变化,P > 0.05)。黄杞总黄酮高剂量组大鼠胰岛边缘较清晰,胰岛形态较完整,胰岛内细胞分布较均匀。结论黄杞总黄酮可明显改善2型糖尿病合并动脉粥样硬化大鼠胰腺胰岛组织纤维化,改善胰岛素抵抗,增加胰岛素敏感性,从而降低其血糖和体质量。
Old Master Zhu: in memory of virologist Guan-Fu Zhu

Born in Dinghai County of Zhejiang province in June, 1926, Guan-Fu Zhu began to study at School of Medicine, Tongji University, in October, 1946 (Fig. 1). Then he moved to the Department of Bacteriology and Immunology of Peking Union Medical College in September, 1954, where he got his master degree under the supervision of Prof. Shao-Wen Xie, a renowned microbiologist and immunologist. In July, 1951, Mr. Zhu served as an assistant in teaching and research section of the Second Military Medical University of PLA. In January, 1958, he began to work at the Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, successively serving as a research assistant, assistant professor, associate professor and professor. Due to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, Mr. Guan- Fu Zhu unfortunately passed away on November 7th, 2015, at the age of 89.
APEX2- tagging of Sigma 1-receptor indicates subcellular protein topology with cytosolic N-terminus and ER luminal C-terminus

Deciphering the role of any protein in a cell requires knowledge of the structure, subcellular localization, and the topological orientation of the protein within the relevant cells. The Sigma-1 receptor (S1R) largely localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) serves as a pluripotent intracellular signaling molecule with diverse roles in the cell including ion channel modulation, stress signaling, and transcriptional regulation (reviewed in Su et al., 2016), however, the basic topology of this protein within a cell remains controversial. The topology of the N- and C-termini of the S1R based on the antibody accessibility technique was reported with both N- and C-termini facing the cytosol (Aydar et al., 2002), while a later report (Hayashi and Su, 2007) suggested that both termini were facing the ER lumen. These topological conclusions assumed a protein structural model with two transmembrane (TM) domains based on the hydrophobicity property of the protein. More recently, the study resolving the crystal structure of the S1R reported the protein to possess a single TM domain with a short N-terminus facing the ER lumen, while most of the protein bulk was located on the cytosolic side of the ER membrane (Schmidt et al., 2016) (Fig. 1A).
Protein crystal quality oriented disulfide bond engineering

A disulfide bond that formed between the thiol groups of two spatially close cysteine residues is essential for protein folding, stability, and function (Creighton et al., 1995) (Fass, 2012). Driven by conformational entropy, native disulfide bonds stabilize the conformation of protein molecules (Dill, 1990), while removal of native disulfides usually causes reduced stability of the target protein (Liu and Cowburn, 2016). Previous studies showed that proper introduction of disulfide bonds could stabilize the flexible region of target proteins and reduce the conformational entropy by locking the protein into single desired conformation (Matsumura et al., 1989; Craig and Dombkowski, 2013). Entropy is one of the essential features for protein crystallization (Shaw et al., 2007). Properly engineered disulfide bonds have been shown to decrease protein's entropy, thus frequently used as strategy for high-resolution structure determination.
Synthesis of O_6-Corona[3]arene[3]pyridazines and Their Molecular Recognition Property in Organic and Aqueous Media

O_6-Corona[3]arene[3]pyridazines were synthesized from the one-pot macrocyclic condensation reaction of 3,6-dichlorotetrazine with 1,4-dihydroquinone derivatives followed by the inverse electron demand Diels-Alder reaction of the tetrazine rings with a cyclopentanone-derived enamine. Conversion of six ester groups within macrocycle into all sodium acetate moieties afforded a water soluble O_6-corona[3]arene[3]pyridazine. The coronary macrocycle host formed complexes selectively with organic ammoniums and dinitrile guests in a 1: 1 stoichiometric ratio in organic solvents with association constants ranging from (2.96±0.10)×10~1 to (2.53±0.33)×10~5 L·mol~(-1). Water soluble O6-corona[3]arene[3]pyridazine was also able to complex strongly with organic ammoniums in water to give an association constant up to (2.67 ±0.21)×10~4 L·mol~(-1). The pseudo-rotaxane and inclusion structures of the host-guest complexes were revealed by the X-ray crystallography.
A Robust Reserve Scheduling Method Considering Asymmetrical Wind Power Distribution

Nowadays, limited predictability and controllability of wind power are regarded as some bottlenecks to wind generation integration with the power system. This paper introduces a robust reserve scheduling method, where the spinning reserve allocation among conventional units is considered as well. The method applies to asymmetrical wind power distribution, and offers control on the degree of solution's conservatism by changing the robustness budget. Meanwhile, distributional information of wind power is represented by mean value and asymmetrical bounds. Furthermore, the model is converted into a deterministic programming problem with dual theory. Case studies for asymmetrically distributed wind power illustrate its effectiveness.
Effects of zinc fertilizer and short-term high temperature stress on wheat grain production and wheat flour proteins

Content of wheat flour proteins affects the quality of wheat flour. Zinc nutrition in wheat can change the protein content of the flour. The inconsistency and instability of wheat grain quality during grain filling while under high temperature stress (HTS) are major problems in the production of high quality wheat. At present, there is a lack of studies on zinc fertilizer and HTS effects on wheat flour protein and the content of its components. For this study, treatment combinations of four levels of zinc fertilizers and exposure to a short-term HTS, at 20 d after flowering (D20), were tested on two wheat cultivars with different gluten levels. Individuals of a strong gluten wheat, Gaoyou 2018 (GY2018), and a medium gluten wheat, Zhongmai 8 (ZM8), were grown in pots at the Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing in 2015–2017. We measured grain yield and weight and the activities of two enzymes (nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase) from the flag leaves, collected at D10 and D20. Total protein content, protein yield, and content of four protein components (albumin, gliadin, glutenin, and globulin) were measured from flour produced from the pot-grown plants. HTS significantly increased the contents of total protein, albumin, gliadin, and glutenin in wheat grains, and reduced the grain yield, grain weight, protein yield, globulin content, and flag leaf nitrate reductase (NR) and glutamine synthetase (GS) activities. The results showed that HTS and zinc fertilizer had greater impacts on the strong gluten cultivar compared to the medium gluten cultivar. Under HTS, grain yield decreased by 13 and 8 %in GY2018 and ZM8, respectively; protein yield decreased by 7 and 8 %in GY2018 and ZM8, respectively. Zinc fertilizer increased: grain and protein yields; grain weight; total protein, albumin, gliadin, and glutenin contents; protein yield; and NR and GS activities. In contrast, zinc fertilizer reduced the content of globulin. The addition of 15 mg Zn kg~(–1) soil had the strongest effect on grain yield and quality as compared to the other three treatments (additions of 0, 30, and 45 mg Zn kg~(–1) soil). Zinc fertilizer also reduced the negative effects of HTS on protein yield, content, and components' content. Therefore, wheat grown with additional zinc in the soil can improve the quality of the flour.
Integration and scaling of UV-B radiation effects on plants: the relative sensitivity of growth forms and interspecies interactions

Aims The relative plant type sensitivity and selected community interactions under increased UV-B radiation where examined. Specifically, we investigated: (i) if there are differences among growth forms in regard to their sensitivity to UV-B radiation, (ii) if increased UV-B radiation influences the plant competitive balance in plant communities and (iii) the response mechanisms of the UV-B radiationsensitive species that might increase their fitness. Methods To answer our research questions, we used a mechanistic model that, for the first time, integrated the effects of increased UV-B radiation from molecular level processes, whole plant growth and development, and community interactions. Important Findings In the model simulations, species types exhibited different levels of sensitivity to increased UV-B radiation. Summer C_3 and C_4 annuals showed similar growth inhibition rates, while biennials and winter C_3 annuals were the most sensitive. Perennials exhibited inhibitions in growth only if increased UV-B radiation results in increases in metabolic rates. In communities, species sensitive to UV-B radiation may have a competitive disadvantage compared to resistant plant species. But, sensitive species may have a wide array of responses that can increase their fitness and reproductive success in the community, such as, increased secondary metabolites production, changes in timing of emergence and reproduction, and changes in seed size. While individual plants may exhibit significant inhibitions in growth and development, in communities, these inhibitions can be mitigated by small morphological and physiological adaptations. Infrequent or occasional increased UV-B radiation events should not have any lasting effect on the structure of the community, unless other environmental factors are perturbing the dynamic equilibrium.
Comparisons of plant calcium fraction between two different vegetation zones in semi-arid region

To explore the characteristics of plant calcium (Ca) fraction,we analyzed 91 plant species in the Ningxia Habahu National Nature Reserve in Yanchi County of Ningxia and 84 plant species in Zhenglan Banner of Inner Mongolia.Results show that,for the two regions,there is no significant difference between Ca fraction for the same growth type,and between water soluble Ca content or between hydrochloric acid soluble Ca content for plants of the same ecosystem and between hydrochloric acid soluble Ca content for plants of the same family.In similar vegetation zones,there is a significant difference among hydrochloric acid soluble Ca content for different growth types in Yanchi County and Zhenglan Banner,which was the highest for annual herbs and the lowest for perennial herbs.There is a significant difference between acetic acid soluble Ca content and between hydrochloric acid soluble Ca content for sandy land and grassland ecosystems in Yanchi County.There is a significant difference among the same Ca fraction of different families in the same region.Thus,the characteristics of plant Ca fraction are results of long-term adaptation to the environment.
Biodiversity,productivity,and temporal stability in a natural grassland ecosystem of China

Understanding the effect of biodiversity on ecosystem function is critical to promoting the sustainability of ecosystems and species conservation in natural ecosystems.We observed species composition,species richness and aboveground biomass,and simulated the competitive assemblages in a natural grassland ecosystem of China,aiming to test some assumptions and predictions about biodiversity–stability relationships.Our results show that aboveground productivity and temporal stability increased significantly with increasing species richness,and via a combination of overyielding,species asynchrony,and portfolio effects.Species interactions resulted in overyielding caused by trait-independent complementarity,and were not offset by a negative dominance effect and trait-dependent complementarity effect.Therefore,the mechanisms underlying the biodiversity effect shifted from the selection effect to the complementarity effect as diversity increased,and both effects were coexisted but the complementarity effect represent a mechanism that facilitates long term species coexistence in a natural grassland ecosystem of China.
Nanoforest-like CdS/TiO_2 heterostructure composites: Synthesis and photoelectrochemical application

In this study, TiO_2 nanoforest films consisting of nanotubes have been synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method and a subsequent sintering technique. The hydrothermal reaction time is important for the controlling of the nanotube diameter and the specific surface area of holistic TiO_2 films. When the hydrothermal process reaction time is up to 8 hours, the diameter of the nanotube is about 10 nm, and the specific surface area of TiO_2 nanoforest films reaches the maximum. CdS nanoparticles are synthesized on TiO_2 nanoforest films by the successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) technique. The transmission electron microscope (TEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) mapping results verify that TiO_2/CdS heterostructures are realized. A significant red-shift of the absorption edge from 380 nm to 540 nm can be observed after the pure TiO_2 film is sensitized by CdS nanoparticles. Under irradiation of light, the current density of the optimal TiO_2/CdS photoanode is 2.30 mA·cm~2 at 0 V relative to the saturated calomel electrode (SCE), which is 6 times stronger than that of the pure TiO_2 photoanode. This study suggests that the TiO_2 nanoforest consisting of interlinked pony-size nanotubes is a promising nanostructure for photoelectrochemical.
Calculation and analysis of unbalanced magnetic pulls of different stator winding setups in static eccentric induction motor

In large-scale electric machines, unbalanced magnetic pull (UMP) caused by eccentricity usually results in stator-rotor rub, so it is necessary to investigate the amplitude and the influencing factors. This paper takes the squirrel-cage induction motor as an example. A magnetic loop model of an induction motor is established by an analytical method. The impact of stator winding setup (parallel branch and pole pairs) on each magnetomotive force (MMF) and unbalanced magnetic pull is analyzed. Using the finite element simulation method, the spatial and time distribution of flux density of the rotor outer circle under static eccentricity is obtained, and the unbalanced magnetic pull calculation caused by static eccentricity is completed. The conclusion of the influence of stator winding on the size of unbalanced magnetic pull provides reliable gist for motor noise and vibration analysis, and especially provides an important reference for large induction motor design.
Dirac states from pxy orbitals in the buckled honeycomb structures: A tight-binding model and first-principles combined study

Dirac states composed of p_(x,y) orbitals have been reported in many two-dimensional (2D) systems with honeycomb lattices recently. Their potential importance has aroused strong interest in a comprehensive understanding of such states. Here, we construct a four-band tight-binding model for the p_(x,y)-orbital Dirac states considering both the nearest neighbor hopping interactions and the lattice-buckling effect. We find that p_(x,y)-orbital Dirac states are accompanied with two additional narrow bands that are flat in the limit of vanishing π bonding, which is in agreement with previous studies. Most importantly, we analytically obtain the linear dispersion relationship between energy and momentum vector near the Dirac cone. We find that the Fermi velocity is determined not only by the hopping through π bonding but also by the hopping through σ bonding of p_(x,y) orbitals, which is in contrast to the case of p_z-orbital Dirac states. Consequently, p_(x,y)-orbital Dirac states offer more flexible engineering, with the Fermi velocity being more sensitive to the changes of lattice constants and buckling angles, if strain is exerted. We further validate our tight-binding scheme by direct first-principles calculations of model-materials including hydrogenated monolayer Bi and Sb honeycomb lattices. Our work provides a more in-depth understanding of p_(x,y)-orbital Dirac states in honeycomb lattices, which is useful for the applications of this family of materials in nanoelectronics.
Lamb wave signal selective enhancement by an improved design of meander-coil electromagnetic acoustic transducer

In this paper, we investigate a method of selectively enhancing the single mode signal of a Lamb wave by using a meander-coil electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) with a new magnetic configuration. We use the Lamb antisymmetric (A0) mode and symmetric (S0) mode as an example for analysis. The analytical expression of the magnitude of the spatial Fourier transform of the Lorentz force generated by different meander coils is used to determine the optimal driving frequency for single mode generation. The numerical calculation is used to characterize the new magnetic configuration and the conventional EMAT magnet. Experimental examinations of each meander coil in combination with the conventional and new magnetic configuration show that the Lamb wave signal can be selectively enhanced by choosing the appropriate driving frequency and coil parameters through using the improved meander-coil EMAT.
Tripartite continuous-variable entanglement of NOPA system

We investigate the fundamental limits to the achievable tripartite continuous-variable (CV) entanglement criterion of a generalized V_1 criterion. Our numerical simulation results show that the non-degenerate eigenvalues do effect the performances of the estimated minimum variances. From below the threshold to above the threshold, with the increase of the pump parameter, the tripartite CV entanglement gradually disappears. The different off-diagonal elements seriously distort the weights for entanglement. We can obtain a good tripartite CV entanglement by appropriately controlling the values of off-diagonal elements ε_(i j).
Self-assembled monolayer modified copper(I) iodide hole transport layer for efficient polymer solar cells

The morphology of the copper iodide (CuI) film as an inorganic p-type material has an important influence on enhancing the performance of polymer solar cells (PSCs). A self-assembled monolayer of 3-aminopropanoic acid (C_3-SAM) was used on the surface of indium tin oxide (ITO) before depositing the CuI films. Consequently, a well-distributed and smooth CuI film was formed with pinhole free and complete surface coverage. The root mean square of the corresponding CuI film was reduced from 3.63 nm for ITO/CuI to 0.77 nm. As a result, the average power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSCs with the device structure of ITO/C_3-SAM/CuI/P3HT:PC_(61)BM/ZnO/Al increased significantly from 2.55% (best 2.66%) to 3.04% (best 3.20%) after C_3-SAM treatment. This work provides an effective strategy to control the morphology of CuI films through interfacial modification and promotes its application in efficient PSCs.
Domain wall dynamics in magnetic nanotubes driven by an external magnetic field

We use the Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equation to investigate field-driven domain wall propagation in magnetic nanotubes. We find that the distortion is maximum as the time becomes infinite and the exact rigid-body solutions are obtained analytically. We also find that the velocity increases with increasing the ratio of inner radius and outer radius. That is to say, we can accelerate domain wall motion not only by increasing the magnetic field, but also by reducing the thickness of the nanotubes.
A high-performance rechargeable Li–O_2 battery with quasi-solid-state electrolyte

A novel transparent and soft quasi-solid-state electrolyte (QSSE) was proposed and fabricated, which consists of ionic liquid (PYR_(14)TFSI) and nano-fumed silica. The QSSE demonstrates high ionic conductivity of 4.6×10~(–4) S/cm at room temperature and wide electrochemical stability window of over 5 V. The Li–O_2 battery using such quasi-solidstate electrolyte exhibits a low charge-discharge overpotential at the first cycle and excellent long-term cyclability over 500 cycles.
Asymmetric response of magnetic impurity in Bernal-stacked bilayer honeycomb lattice

We utilize the Hirsch–Fye quantum Monte Carlo method to investigate the local moment formation of a magnetic impurity in a Bernal-stacked bilayer honeycomb lattice. A tight-binding model with the two most significant inter-layer hoppings, t1 between pairs of dimer sites and t3 between pairs of non-dimer sites, is used to describe the kinetic energy of the system. The local moment formed shows an asymmetric response to the inter-layer hoppings depending on which sublattice the impurity is coupled to. In the dimer and non-dimer couplings, the effects of t1 and t3 onto the local moment are quite opposite. When tuning the local moment, this asymmetric response is observed in a wide parameter range. This asymmetric response is also discussed by the computations of spectral densities, as well as correlation functions between the magnetic impurity and the conduction electrons.
Dependence of the solar cell performance on nanocarbon/Si heterojunctions

Solar cells that combine single-crystalline silicon (Si) with graphene (G) have been widely researched in order to develop next-generation photovoltaic devices. However, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of G/Si solar cell without chemical doping is commonly low due to the relatively high resistance of graphene. In this work, through combining graphene with carbon nanotube (CNT) networks, we fabricated three kinds of hybrid nanocarbon film/Si heterojunction solar cells in order to increase the PCE of the graphene based Si solar cell. We investigated the characteristics of different nanocarbon film/Si solar cells and found that their performance depends on the heterojunctions. Specifically, a doping-free G-CNT/Si solar cell demonstrated a high PCE of 7.9%, which is nearly equal to the combined value of two individuals (G/Si and CNT/Si). This high efficiency is attributed to the synergistic effect of graphene and CNTs, and can be further increased to 9.1% after applying a PMMA antireflection coating. This study provides a potential way to further improve the Si based heterojunction solar cells.
A sensitive detection of high Rydberg atom with large dipole moment

We report a sensitive detection of high Rydberg atom with large dipole moment utilizing its deflection near a pair of parallel cylindrical copper rods which are oppositely charged. When the low-field seeking state Rydberg atoms fly across the gradient electric field formed by the pair of rods, they will be pushed away from the rods while the high-field seeking state ones will be attracted towards the rods. These atoms will form different patterns on an ion imaging system placed downwards at the end of the rods. The spatial distribution of the deflected atoms on the imaging system is also simulated, in good agreement with the experimental results, from which we can deduce the quantum state information of the excited atoms. This state resolvable Rydberg atom detection can be used for the dynamics research of the dipole–dipole interaction between atoms with large dipole moments.