mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
On–Off Switches for Secondary Cell Wall Biosynthesis

Secondary cell walls provide plants with rigidity and strength to support their body weight and ensure water and nutrient transport. They also provide textiles, timber, and potentially second-generation biofuels for human use. Genes responsible for synthesis of the different cell wall components, namely cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin, are coordinately expressed and under transcriptional regulation. In the past several years, cell wall-related NAC and MYB transcription factors have been intensively investigated in different species and shown to be master switches of secondary cell wall biosynthesis. Positive and negative regulators, which function upstream of NAC master switches, have also been identified in different plant tissues. Further elucidation of the regulatory mechanisms of cell wall synthesis will facilitate the engineering of plant feedstocks suitable for biofuel production.
Effects of Disturbance Intensities on Vegetation Patterns in Oak Forests of Kumaun,West Himalaya

In order to realize the significance of oak forests for ecology and economy of the Himalayan region,the present study attempts to objectively characterize disturbance intensities and their impacts on compositional features of identified Oak forests, i.e.Banj-oak(Quercus leucotrichophora A.Camus), Tilonj-oak(Q.floribunda Lindley)and Kharsu-oak(Q. semecarpifolia J.E.Smith)in west Himalaya. Amongst studied forests,Q.leucotrichophora and Q. semecarpifolia forests exhibited high sensitivity towards disturbance intensities.In both forests, increasing level of disturbance significantly lowered tree density,dominance and natural recruitment (seedling and sapling density).Q.floribunda forests, however,appeared relatively more resilient to anthropogenic disturbances.Amongst studied oak forests,Q.semecarpifolia forests with overall poor natural regeneration are in a most critically endangered demographic state.However,a slightly improved regeneration(i.e.,seedling density)in moderately disturbed plots is indicative that such plots may be utilized most suitably for in situ revival of these forests.Effect of disturbance intensities on tree population is an important subject for forest ecology and management and the present study highlights a need for adopting different management strategies across disturbance intensities in diverse oak forests of west Himalaya.
手足口病病因病机研究进展

手足口病(Hand-foot-mouth disease,HFMD)主要是由肠道病毒71型(EV71)和科萨奇A16型(CVA16)引起的常见传染病,多发于3岁以下的婴幼儿,以手、足、臀、口腔等部位丘疹、疱疹和发热为主要表现,部分患者可出现神经、呼吸和循环系统症状,少数严重者可出现脑干脑炎、神经性肺水肿,危及生命~([1])。由于其传染性较强,传播快,对婴幼儿危害较大,越来越受到人们重视。为此笔者参阅古典文献,总结20余年来中医对本病病因病机概况作一综述,以便更好地认识该病。
等效翻译理论在中医英译中的应用

中医语言蕴含着丰富的中国文化内涵,具有抽象性,模糊性,人文性和文学性等特点,在英语中往往难以找到同等的表达法。本文主要探讨了在奈达的等效翻译理论指导下,采用灵活多样的翻译方法,如借用西医药用语、词素翻译法、减译法、增译法、词性转换法,一词多义多译、多词一义一译、巧用意译、化解修辞等,来解决中医英译中的难点,进而较准确地再现中医原文所含信息及文化内涵。
Effect of aluminum modification on catalytic properties of PtSn-based catalysts supported on SBA-15 for propane dehydrogenation

The catalytic properties of PtSn-based catalysts supported on siliceous SBA-15 and Al-modified SBA-15, such as Al-incorporated SBA-15 (AlSBA-15) and alumina-modified SBA-15 (Al_2O_3/SBA-15), for propane dehydrogenation were investigated. Al_2O_3/SBA-15 was prepared either by an impregnation method using aluminum nitrate aqueous solution, or by the treatment of SBA-15 with a Al(OC_3H_7)_3 solution in anhydrous toluene. N_2-physisorption, FT-IR spectroscopy, solid-state ~(27)Al MAS NMR spectroscopy, hydrogen chemisorption, XRF, NH_3 temperature-programmed desorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and TPO were used to characterize these samples. Among these catalysts, the PtSn-based catalyst supported on Al_2O_3/SBA-15, which was grafted with Al(OC_3H_7)_3, exhibited the best catalytic performance in terms of activity and stability The possible reason was due to the high Pt metal dispersion and/or the strong interactions among Pt, Sn, and the support.
Kinetic hydrate inhibitor performance of new copolymer poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-co-2-vinyl pyridine)s with TBAB

In oil and gas field, the application of kinetic hydrate inhibitors (KHIs) independently has remained problematic in high subcooling and high water-cut situation. One feasible method to resolve this problem is the combined use of KHIs and some synergists, which would enhance KHIs’ inhibitory effect on both hydrate nucleation and hydrate crystal growth. In this study, a novel kind of KHI copolymer poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-co-2-vinyl pyridine)s (HGs) is used in conjunction with TBAB to show its high performance on hydrate inhibition. The performance of HGs with different monomer ratios in structure II tetrahydrofuran (THF) hydrate is investigated using kinetic hydrate inhibitor evaluation apparatus by step-cooling method and isothermal cooling method. With the combined gas hydrate inhibitor at the concentration of 1.0 wt%, the induction time of 19 wt% THF solution could be prolonged to 8.5 h at a high subcooling of 6℃. Finally, the mechanism of HGs inhibiting the formation of gas hydrate is proposed.
Methane hydrate stability in the presence of water-soluble hydroxyalkyl cellulose

The effect of low-dosage water-soluble hydroxyethyl cellulose (approximate MW~90,000 and 250,000) as a member of hydroxyalkyl cellulosic polymer group on methane hydrate stability was investigated by monitoring hydrate dissociation at pressures greater than atmospheric pressure in a closed vessel. In particular, the influence of molecular weight and mass concentration of hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) was studied with respect to hydrate formation and dissociation. Methane hydrate formation was performed at 2℃ and at a pressure greater than 100 bar. Afterwards, hydrate dissociation was initiated by step heating from -10℃ at a mild pressure of 13 bar to 3℃, 0℃ and 2℃. With respect to the results obtained for methane hydrate formation/dissociation and the amount of gas uptake, we concluded that HEC 90,000 at 5000 ppm is suitable for long-term gas storage and transportation under a mild pressure of 13 bar and at temperatures below the freezing point.
北京市部分中学生含糖软饮料消费与肥胖的调查

目的了解目前北京市中学生含糖软饮料的消费现况,并研究含糖软饮料(SSB)摄入与中学生超重/肥胖流行之间的关系。方法对北京市某区两所中学11~15岁初中生进行自填式问卷调查和连续3天的24小时膳食回顾调差。结果家中储备SSB的种类在2种以上的人平均每日SSB摄入量较高(P<0.001);在男生当中,家长对孩子进行饮食健康教育,可以显著降低SSB的摄入水平(P=0.012),含糖软饮料摄入高水平的人发生超重/肥胖的相对危险度OR=2.042。结论在北京的中学生人群当中,含糖软饮料已经成为最经常消费的饮料的品种,且在男生当中高摄入量的含糖软饮料与超重/肥胖的发生显著相关。
IPCC第五次评估报告不确定性处理方法的介绍

由于自然气候系统极端复杂,具有内在混沌的特性,并包括各种时间尺度的非线性反馈,因此,气候变化无论观测,还是预估都存在不确定性。一些不确定性可用某些数值范围来表述,而另一些不确定性则可表述为专家对某些科学发现认识的信度。每一种不确定性的评估都需要专家进行判断,后一种不确定性更是如此。
HPLC内标法在羟基红花黄色素A稳定性研究中的应用

目的建立高效液相色谱(HPLC)内标法，测定羟基红花黄色素A含量，考察多种条件下羟基红花黄色素A的稳定性。方法采用金丝桃苷为内标物，Waters symmetry C_(18)(250 mm×4.6 mm，5μm)柱为色谱柱，0.5%冰乙酸-甲醇(72∶28)为流动相，流速为1.0 ml.min~(-1)，检测波长为355 nm。结果羟基红花黄色素A的浓度在0.022 74~0.097 09 mg.ml~(-1)之间线性关系良好(r=0.999 4)，平均加样回收率为98.30%，RSD=1.56%。结论建立的内标法准确度高，重复性好，可用于羟基红花黄色素A的含量测定。
两种黔产淫羊藿总黄酮对痴呆大鼠记忆影响的研究

目的研究贵州产粗毛淫羊藿与黔岭淫羊藿中淫羊藿总黄酮(TFE)对D-gal-AlCl_3模型大鼠学习记忆能力的影响，比较两种淫羊藿TFE对大鼠学习记忆改善效果差异。方法实验联用D-gal-AlCl_312周造模，同时按剂量100，50mg.kg~(-1).d~(-1)分别灌胃给予TFE。采用Morris水迷宫行为学实验检测其空间记忆能力；应用生化分析技术检测脑组织SOD、AchE活性及MDA含量；HE染色观察海马神经元形态变化。结果D-gal-AlCl_3复合造模形成了大鼠学习记忆障碍，海马神经损伤；两种TFE均能改善模型大鼠学习记忆能力，升高脑组织SOD活性，降低MDA含量及AchE活性，减轻海马区域的病理损伤，以粗毛淫羊藿组效果显著。结论黔产两种淫羊藿TFE在对抗自由基损伤，保护海马神经元，改善D-gal-AlCl_3所致脑老化模型大鼠学习记忆能力的作用方面，粗毛淫羊藿较黔岭淫羊藿作用为优。
银川市回汉族老年代谢综合征患病现状及其影响因素

目的了解银川市回汉族老年代谢综合征(MS)流行现状及其影响因素。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,对银川市四个社区1 113名老年人进行MS流行病学调查,包括问卷调查、体格检查及实验室检查。结果银川市老年MS患病率为36.3%,其中回族35.9%,汉族36.5%,男37.8%,女35.3%。Logistic回归提示,婚姻状况、饮酒、吸烟、糖尿病、高血压、肥胖、高胆固醇(TC)血症、高甘油三酯(TG)血症及低HDL-C血症是MS的影响因素。结论银川市老年MS患病率较高,糖尿病、高血压、肥胖、高血脂、不良是婚姻状况及不健康的生活方式是其主要危险因素。
城乡社区老年人社会支持的现状

目的探讨城乡社区老年人基本社会人口学特征及社会支持的现状。方法采取整群抽样的方法对519名城市老人和520名农村老人进行调查,分析城乡老人社会支持是否存在差异及其原因。结果总体来讲,城乡老人的社会支持都集中在经济和身体健康的照顾,对心理关心较少。农村老人的社会支持大多来自亲人和邻居,来源较单一;而城市老人除了亲人、朋友的支持外,还有社会团体及养老机构的支持,加之经济水平和医疗水平的较高,使得城市老人更容易获得社会支持。结论增加对老年人社会支持的来源和力度,完善对养老机构的建设,关注老年人的心理健康,缩小城乡差距,实现卫生服务均等化。
吉非替尼联合超声引导下心包穿刺置管治疗老年女性肺腺癌伴癌性心包积液的临床疗效

目的观察吉非替尼联合超声引导下心包穿刺置管治疗老年女性肺腺癌伴癌性心包积液的疗效。方法46例患者分为观察组(吉非替尼联合心包穿刺置管组,24例)和对照组(心包穿刺置管组,22例)。两组均采用超声引导下心包穿刺置管,并向留置导管中注入化疗药物的方法进行治疗。观察组加服吉非替尼250 mg,1次/d,直到疾病进展、死亡或发生不可耐受的不良反应;治疗2个月后,观察两组近期疗效、不良反应及评价生活质量;随访2年评价客观疗效和生存率。结果观察组有效率75.0%高于对照组45.5%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组Karnofsky计分提高+稳定者79.2%(19/24)、对照组50.0%(11/22),观察组生活质量改善高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组不良反应稍高于对照组,患者大多数能耐受。两组2年生存率比较有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论吉非替尼联合超声引导下心包穿刺置管治疗老年女性肺腺癌伴癌性心包积液优于单纯超声引导下心包穿刺置管治疗的效果,生活质量改善明显,不良反应稍有增加,患者大多数能耐受。患者依从性好,值得临床上进一步推广。
下腔静脉滤器在下肢深静脉血栓形成治疗中的应用

下肢深静脉血栓形成(deep vein thrombosis，DVT)是一种常见的血管疾病，下肢DVT的主要并发症是肺动脉栓塞(pulmonary embolism，PE)和下肢深静脉血栓后综合征(post-thrombotic syndrome，PTS)。当肺动脉栓塞80%以上时，常导致患者死亡，即致死性肺梗死[1]，也是最严重的并发症，且死亡率高达31% ~ 41%[2]。下腔静脉滤器置入后，降低了下肢DVT患者血栓脱落并导致PE的可能性，而且及时行溶栓及抗凝治疗，可减少PTS的发生。我院2005-01 ~ 2010-09对17例DVT患者行下腔静脉滤器（inferior vena cava filter，IVCF）置入术，术中患肢置管溶栓，术后行患肢溶栓治疗，取得良好效果，现报道如下。
Slit2在化学诱导的小鼠皮肤癌形成过程中作用

目的探讨Slit2过表达在小鼠皮肤癌形成过程中的作用。方法利用Slit2-Tg转基因小鼠构建DMBA/TPA化学多级皮肤癌模型,测量小鼠背部皮肤肿瘤的长径变化,观察皮肤癌成癌各时期的病理变化。结果成功构建小鼠皮肤癌模型。Slit2-Tg小鼠皮肤癌的长径明显比C57小鼠的长,且Slit2-Tg小鼠皮肤癌的形成速度明显增快。结论Slit2促进了小鼠皮肤癌的发生、发展。
姜黄素对血管性痴呆大鼠血流变学及自由基的影响

目的观察姜黄素对血管性痴呆模型大鼠学习记忆能力的改善作用及其对血液流变学和SOD(超氧化物歧化酶)、MDA(丙二醛)的影响。方法采用不同时间点永久性结扎大鼠双侧颈总动脉法建立血管性痴呆动物模型，分为姜黄素组、模型对照组及假手术组，灌胃给药4周后，应用Morris水迷宫实验检测大鼠学习记忆能力，腹主动脉取血检测血液流变学指标，同时测定脑组织SOD活性和MDA的水平。结果姜黄素组大鼠平均逃避潜伏期较模型组明显缩短，空间搜索实验通过平台次数较模型组有明显的增加；姜黄素组大鼠全血黏度中切、低切、血浆黏度和血沉有显著性降低，具有良好的改善血液流变学作用；可拮抗脑缺血引起的SOD活性下降及MDA水平升高。结论姜黄素可改善血管性痴呆模型大鼠学习记忆能力，可能与其改善血液流变学作用及其抗氧自由基作用有关。
Surface modification of LiNi_(1/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_2 with Cr_2O_3 for lithium ion batteries

Cr_2O_3-coated LiNi_(1/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_2 cathode materials were synthesized by a novel method. The structure and electrochemical properties of prepared cathode materials were measured using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), charge-discharge tests, cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The measured results indicate that surface coating with 1.0 wt% Cr_2O_3 does not affect the LiNi_(1/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_2 crystal structure (α-NaFeO 2) of the cathode material compared to the pristine material, the surfaces of LiNi_(1/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_2 samples are covered with Cr_2O_3 well, and the LiNi_(1/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_2 material coated with Cr_2O_3 has better electrochemical performance under a high cutoff voltage of 4.5 V. Moreover, at room temperature, the initial discharging capacity of LiNi_(1/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_2 material coated with 1.0 wt.% Cr_2O_3 at 0.5C reaches 169 mAh·g 1 and the capacity retention is 83.1% after 30 cycles, while that of the bare LiNi_(1/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_2 is only 160.8 mAh·g~(-1) and 72.5%. Finally, the coated samples are found to display the improved electrochemical performance, which is mainly attributed to the suppression of the charge-transfer resistance at the interface between the cathode and the electrolyte.
JAK2 V617F, MPL W515L and JAK2 Exon 12 Mutations in Chinese Patients with Primary Myelofibrosis

Objective: JAK2 V617F, MPL W515L and JAK2 exon 12 mutations are novel acquired mutations that induce constitutive cytokine-independent activation of the JAK-STAT pathway in myeloproliferative disorders (MPD). The discovery of these mutations provides novel mechanism for activation of signal transduction in hematopoietic malignancies. This research was to investigate their prevalence in Chinese patients with primary myelofibrosis (PMF). Methods: We introduced allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR) combined with sequence analysis to simultaneously screen JAK2 V617F, MPL W515L and JAK2 exon 12 mutations in 30 patients with PMF. Results: Fifteen PMF patients (50.0%) carried JAK2 V617F mutation, and only two JAK2 V617F-negative patients (6.7%) harbored MPL W515L mutation. None had JAK2 exon 12 mutations. Furthermore, these three mutations were not detected in 50 healthy controls.Conclusion: MPL W515L and JAK2 V617F mutations existed in PMF patients but JAK2 exon 12 mutations not. JAK2 V617F and MPL W515L and mutations might contribute to the primary molecular pathogenesis in patients with PMF.
Fuel Spray Dynamic Characteristics of GDI High Pressure Injection System

In order to improve the fuel consumption and exhaust emission for gasoline engines,gasoline direct injection(GDI) system is spotlighted to solve these requirements.Thus,many researchers focus on the investigation of spray characteristics and the fuel formation of GDI injector.This paper presents a complete numerical and experimental characterization of transient gasoline spray from a high pressure injection system equipped with a modern single-hole electric controlled injector in a pressurized constant volume vessel.The numerical analysis is carried out in a one-dimensional model of fuel injection system which is developed in the AVL HYDSIM environment.The experimental analyses are implemented through a self-developed injection rate measurement device and spray evolution visualization system.The experimental results of injection rate and spray dynamics are taken to tune and validate the built model.The visualization system synchronize a high speed CMOS camera to obtain the spray structure,moreover,the captured images are taken to validate the injector needle lift process which is simulated in the model.The reliability of the built model is demonstrated by comparing the numerical results with the experimental data.The formed vortex structure at 0.8 ms is effectively disintegrated at 6.2 ms and the spray dynamics become rather chaotic.The fuel flow characteristics within injector nozzle extremely influence the subsequent spray evolution,and therefore this point should be reconsidered when building hybrid breakup GDI spray model.The spray tip speed reach the maximum at 1.18 ms regardless of the operation conditions and this is only determined by the injector itself.Furthermore,an empirical equation for the spray tip penetration is obtained and good agreement with the measured results is reached at a certain extent.This paper provides a methodology for the investigation of spray behavior and fuel distribution of GDI engine design.
Geometry Design and Tooth Contact Analysis of Crossed Beveloid Gears for Marine Transmissions

Beveloid gears,also known as conical gears,gain more and more importance in industry practice due to their abilities for power transmission between parallel,intersected and crossed axis.However,this type of gearing with crossed axes has no common plane of action which results in a point contact and low tooth durability.Therefore,a geometry design approach assuming line contact is developed to analyze the tooth engagement process of crossed beveloid gears with small shaft angle for marine transmission applications.The loaded gear tooth contact behavior is simulated by applying a quasi-static analysis to study the effects of gearing parameters on mesh characteristics.Using the proposed method,a series of sensitivity analyses to examine the effects of critical gearing parameters such as shaft angle,cone angle,helix angle and profile-shift coefficient on the theoretical gear mesh is performed.The parametric analysis of pitch cone design shows that the dominant design parameters represented by the angle between the first principle directions(FPD) and normal angular factor are more sensitive to the shaft and cone angles than they are to the helix angle.The theoretical contact path is highly sensitive to the profile-shift coefficient,which is determined from the theoretical tooth contact analysis.The FPD angle is found to change the distribution of contact pattern,contact pressure and root stress as well as the translational transmission error and the variation of the mesh stiffness significantly.The contact pattern is clearly different between the drive and coast sides due to different designed FPD angles.Finally,a practical experimental setup for marine transmission is performed and tooth bearing test is conducted to demonstrate the proposed design procedure.The experimental result compared well with the simulation.Results of this study yield a better understanding of the geometry design and loaded gear mesh characteristics for crossed beveloid gears used in marine transmission.
Dynamic Simulation and Disturbance Torque Analyzing of Motional Cable Harness Based on Kirchhoff Rod Model

The motional payloads on stabilized platform must be linked by some cable harnesses with other immobile apparatus.During the operation of stabilized platform,these cable harnesses can create spring disturbance torque which is exerted on the stabilized platform and then reduce the stabilizing precision.None of current studies can deal with the spring disturbance torque problem.To analyze the spring disturbance toque,a dynamic thin rod model is presented for simulating the motional cable harness which is based on the Kirchhoff rod theorem and can consider the geometrically non-linear effects.The internal bending and torsion restoring torques are simulated and then a predictive analysis of the disturbance torque can be performed in motional cable routing design.This model is solved with differential quadrature method(DQM).By using zeros of the Chebyshev polynomial as the grid points,the arc-coordinate is discretized to obtain a set of ordinary differential equations in time domain which is solved by implied method to obtain the profile and internal force of cable harness.The accuracy of this model is validated by comparing the simulation results and the experiment results(both the spring force and the deformed profile of the motional cable harness).In the experiment,a special optical measuring instrument based on binocular vision is developed.The comparison of experimental and simulated results shows that the simulation model can represent the real motional cable harness well,and the spring disturbance force simulation results are precise enough for spring disturbance torque analysis.This study will be helpful to obtain an optimized motional cable harness layout design with small spring disturbance torque.
~(192)Ir的混凝土防护层设计及应用

为了探讨~(192)Ir混凝土防护层厚度的合理设计及其效果,通过比较分析国内外常见两种计算模式,得出合理的混凝土防护层厚度,并对其防护效果进行监测验证。结果显示,由于国内常采用的混凝土半价层厚度值和比释动能常数值比国际原子能机构(IAEA)大,使计算得出的防护层厚度偏大。而采用IAEA标准参数后,国内计算模式计算得出的防护层厚度符合照射应用的实际要求。经对按照该法设计的防护层进行监测显示,其对应医院治疗室四周辐射环境符合国家GB 18871—2002《电离辐射防护与辐射源安全基本标准》中公众辐射剂量<1mSv/a的要求。建议在设计、评价和建设中采用该计算方法进行设计防护。
子痫前期患者胎盘中p38MAPK及COX-2的表达及意义

子痫前期是妊娠期特有疾病,目前其病因及发病机制尚未明确。本研究通过检测子痫前期患者胎盘组织中p38MAPK及COX-2的表达及其关系,探讨它们在子痫前期的病理生理过程中,特别是胎盘血管炎症反应中发挥的作用。
舟水桥工业区重金属含量调查及污染评价

矿产资源的采冶给人类带来了巨大的经济效益,但同时也带来了严重的生态失衡.在矿石采集、加工以及废弃矿渣的风化和淋洗等过程中,都可能导致各种重金属元素的释放、迁移,进而导致矿区及周围土壤重金属的污染和累积,并通过食物链循环在动植物体内积累,最终进入人体,危害人体健康.近年由矿业活动导致的土壤重金属污染和随之而来的环境及人体健康风险问题已引起国内外研究者的广泛关注。
桂枝茯苓胶囊化学成分研究(Ⅲ)

目的对桂枝茯苓胶囊内容物正丁醇和水萃取部位化学成分进行研究。方法采用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20、D-101型大孔树脂和反相RP-18柱色谱等方法进行分离纯化,利用MS和NMR等波谱学方法鉴定化合物的结构。结果分离鉴定了16个化合物,分别为氧化芍药苷(1)、半乳糖醇(2)、咖啡酸(3)、牡丹皮苷F(4)、去氢土莫酸(5)、猪苓酸C(6)、3-表去氢茯苓酸(7)、3-表去氢土莫酸(8)、海藻糖(9)、鸟苷(10)、腺苷(11)、丙氨酸(12)、亮氨酸(13)、脯氨酸(14)、精氨酸(15)、α-D-葡萄糖(16)。结论化合物1~16均为首次从该复方中分离得到。
天宝空间影像技术在架空送电线路测量中的应用

近年来国家对电力基础设施的投入不断加大，大批超高压、特高压送变电项目的实施对传统的架空送电线路施工测量提出了新的要求。特高压送电线路通常用于向工业耗电量大、经济发达地区的远距离输电，具有铁塔全高较高、挡距较长、交叉跨越复杂等特点。传统的测量技术已不能快速、准确地完成线路交叉跨越、导线驰度、净空距离等测量需求。
基于天地图的应急影像地图快速制作研究

国家地理信息公共服务平台——天地图已正式上线，其覆盖全球的多比例尺地图数据不仅为广大用户提供了丰富的地理信息，同时也可作为应急测绘保障的重要数据源。针对应急服务中对大幅面灾情影像地图快速制作的需求，研究基于天地图平台的目标快速定位、图幅定制设计、瓦片尺度匹配，以及整饰自动生成等关键技术，并实现基于天地图的应急影像地图快速制图系统。
血β-hCG 2000~8000 IU/L的输卵管妊娠保守治疗方案研究

目的:探讨较高水平血β-hCG(2 000~8 000 IU/L)输卵管妊娠的保守治疗方案。方法:将106例输卵管妊娠要求保守治疗的患者随机分为复方组和对照组,每组53例。复方组口服复方米非司酮片+肌内注射氨甲蝶呤(MTX)+口服本院协定处方宫外孕方+口服大黄蛰虫胶囊;对照组除不服用复方米非司酮片外,其余治疗同复方组。结果:临床总有效率复方组为96.2%,对照组为75.5%,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);复方组45例1个疗程内治愈,对照组23例1个疗程内治愈,组间差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01),阴道流血时间、平均住院时间、血β-hCG转阴时间和盆腔包块消失时间组间比较均有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论:复方米非司酮协同MTX及中药治疗输卵管妊娠,能明显提高有较高水平血β-hCG(2 000~8 000 IU/L)输卵管妊娠的治愈率。
Formal engineering methods for software quality assurance

Covnentional software engineering on the basis of informal or semi-formal methods is facing tremendous challenges in ensuring software quality. Formal methods have attempted to address these challenges by introducing mathematical notation and calculus to support formal specification, refinement, and verification in software development. Their theoretical contributions to the discipline of software engineering are significant. However, in spite of their potential in improving the controllability of software process and reliability, formal methods are generally difficult to apply to laarege-scale and complex systems in practice because of many constraints (e.g., limited expertise, complexity, changing requirements, and theoretical limitations.) Researches on the integration of formal methods into conventional software engineering technologies and processes are likely to create effective ways to transfere formal methods to industry for software productivity and quality.
Enhanced nitrogen removal reliability and efficiency in integrated constructed wetland microcosms using zeolite

The purpose of this study is to reduce the seasonal fluctuation and enhance the efficiency of nitrogen removal in vertical flow-horizontal subsurface flow (VFHSF) constructed wetlands. Two sets of VF-HSF constructed wetlands were built, VF1-HSF1 and VF2-HSF2, and a zeolite section was placed in VF2. The results showed that VF2-HSF2 compared to VF1-HSF1 was not only a more reliable nitrogen removal method, but also enhanced the nitrogen removal efficiency by 50%. The average apparent rate of nitrogen removal in VF2-HSF2 reached to 2.52 gN·m~(-3)·d~(-1), which doubled the rate in VF1-HSF1. Plant uptake and organic nitrogen sediment accounted for 12% and 6% of the total nitrogen removal in VF1-HSF1, respectively, and 10% and 4% in VF2-HSF2, respectively. Biologic nitrogen removal was the dominant mechanism, which accounted for 79% and 87% of the total nitrogen removal in VF1-HSF1 and VF2-HSF2, respectively. Ammonia adsorbed by zeolite during the cold seasons was desorbed, and then nitrified in warm seasons, which resulted in a bioregeneration efficiency of 91%. Zeolite in VF was capable of transferring ammonia from cold seasons to warm seasons as well as enhancing nitrification, which was accompanied by high potential denitrification in HSF that reinforced the efficiency and relieved seasonal fluctuation of nitrogen removal in VFHSF.
Diversity and distribution of proteorhodopsin-containing microorganisms in marine environments

Proteorhodopsin (PR) is a recently discovered protein involved in the utilization of light energy. Several studies have shown that PR-containing microorganisms are widespread and compose a large proportion of the biomass in marine ecosystems. A better understanding of the ecological role of PR will help clarify the effect of the global flow of energy and the carbon cycle on marine communities. In this study, a bioinformatical database of PR codon sequences, the Global Distribution Database of Proteorhodopsin (GDDP), as a tool for analyzing the diversity and distribution of PR-containing microorganisms in marine environments throughout the world was designed. The community structure of PR microorganisms were also compared using PCR assays and UniFrac analyses of 12 samples collected from three water layers (0, 75, and 200 m) at four representative sites in the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans. The results indicate that PRcontaining microorganisms can be grouped into two distribution types: widespread and location-specific. Representative cases of the former include SAR11-PR and HOT2C01-PR. Interestingly, PR communities cluster by geographic locale but not by water depth.