mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
面向毒害有机物生态风险评价的(Q)SAR技术:进展与展望

有机物结构-活性关系(SAR)和定量结构-活性关系(QSAR)技术(合并简写为(Q)SAR技术),在毒害有机物生态风险评价中,可以发挥弥补基础数据的缺失、降低昂贵的测试费用、减少动物实验、评估数据的不确定性等方面的作用.经过几十年的发展,(Q)SAR技术的发展,呈现出目标导向性和应用性、多学科集成性、智能性三个特点,并在发达国家,得到了深入的研究和广泛的应用.许多国家已经将该技术用于有机化学品的生态风险评价与管理工作中.本文总结了(Q)SAR的基本原理与方法,以及面向生态风险评价的(Q)SAR技术的最新进展,包括模型预测的环境指标的确定,实验数据的选择方法,建立简单透明、可移植性好并可进行机理解释的(Q)SAR模型的数学方法;重点总结了模型应用域的定义与界定、离群点的诊断,并从模型的拟合优度评价、稳定性分析和预测能力评估三方面介绍了模型性能评价方法.本文对于促进面向毒害有机物生态风险性评价的(Q)SAR技术的研究和发展,具有一定的指导意义.
一次罕见的平流辐射雾过程的特征

为研究大气成分对雾的影响,2006年12月份在南京市郊进行了雾的综合外场观测试验.12月24～27日,南京出现了持续4d的浓雾过程.揭示了这次浓雾过程一些罕见的特征:持续时间长,浓度大,雾顶高,雾水酸,爆发性增强.对这些特征进行了详尽的分析和成因的探讨.结果表明,这次雾是在夜晚辐射条件下形成,而后在暖湿平流作用下维持、发展,是一次平流辐射雾过程.
阿拉伯半岛-北太平洋型遥相关及其与亚洲夏季风的关系

利用相关分析和经验正交分解方法对过去57aNCEP-NCAR夏季亚洲-北太平洋地区海平面气压场进行了分析,揭示了一种新的遥相关模态,即阿拉伯半岛-北太平洋型遥相关(Arabian Peninsula-North Pacific Oscillation,APNPO).研究表明,APNPO在本质上反映的是对流层低层北太平洋高压和南亚夏季风低压之间的一种共变特征,它的变化与亚洲夏季风的变化之间有着密切的联系.在年际尺度上,APNPO与东亚夏季风(East Asian summer monsoon,EASM)和南亚夏季风(South Asian summer monsoon,SASM)均存在显著的关联;在年代际尺度上,该遥相关与东亚夏季风的关系更为密切:两者均在20世纪60年代中期和70年代末发生了两次明显的年代际突变.通过分析与APNPO相关的环流场,探讨了APNPO与亚洲夏季风联系的物理过程.发现当APNPO偏强时,索马里急流、SASM气流、EASM气流以及南亚高压均得到加强,同时还通过高层的纬向波列在中国东北地区上空形成了一个异常的反气旋性环流.此外,强的APNPO还可加强对亚洲季风区的水汽输送,由此在印度半岛及中国华北地区造成强的水汽办事辐合。所有的这些大气环流和水汽条件的改变最终导致亚洲夏季风及印度和中国华北地区降水的异常。研究还发现APNPO的变化从春到夏具有较好的持续性，春季的APNPO与亚洲夏季风变化也存在显著的相关关系。从这个意义上讲，春季APNPO变化的超前性对于后期亚洲夏季风降水的预测具有潜在的重要参考价值。
突发公共事件中医院药师的职责与作用

2008年5月28日至6月24日,北京市第八批赴川抗震救灾医疗队在四川省人民医院开展医疗救援工作28d,这是卫生部首次派出临床药师组成医疗组进入一线参与医疗救治工作。目的是通过参与多学科合作的联合治疗小组,降低死亡率和感染率,减少细菌耐药,并在合理用药方面提供药学建议.药学组由5名具有高级职称的医院药师组成,27 d共计完成实施药学监护866人次,调整药物治疗方案/提出用药建议114人次,编写包括全部捐赠药品共86种的《捐赠药品处方集》,编写《抗震救灾,临床药学快讯》8期,9个题目,对患者用药教育6人,药学会诊5次,对伤员心理辅导34人,还参加了临床抢救、协助医生换药、临床会诊、为临床和药学人员讲课、慰问病人等工作.
肝素酶及其研究进展

目的综述肝素酶及其研究进展。方法根据文献对近年来肝素酶的研究进展进行整理、分析、归纳。结果与结论肝素酶在医药工业领域有着重要的应用价值和前景。了解肝素酶的结构性质,优化肝素酶的发酵生产条件以及对重组肝素酶的研究对进一步拓宽肝素酶的生产和应用有着重要的意义.
有关汶川地震及次生山地灾害研究的一些科学问题

汶川8.0级地震的发生远远超出地学界以前关于横断山区地震及次生灾害发生规律的认识,说明地学界以前对横断山区的新构造运动特点,地震区域分布规律、发生原因,地震次生滑坡泥石流灾害的强度、危害和特大地震在横断山区地貌演化的作用等重大科学问题的认识存在不足或偏差之处.在思考此次地震发生特点的基础上,结合在西南山区的多年工作经验,提出了汶川大地震后亟待开展的第四纪以来横断山区古地震重建、古滑坡分布、水库诱发地震、特大地震在横断山区山地地貌演化的作用等方面的科学研究问题.
伴严重畸形的小儿陈旧性孟氏骨折修复重建

目的 介绍一种治疗伴严重畸形小儿陈旧性孟氏骨折的手术方法.方法 2000年6月-2006年3月,收治13例伴严重畸形的陈旧性孟氏骨折患儿.男11例,女2例;年龄4～11岁.左侧5例,右侧8例.病程6个月～3年,平均17个月.按Bado分型,Ⅰ型6例,Ⅱ型3例,Ⅲ型3例,Ⅳ型1例.采用尺骨近端截骨延长矫形、桡骨远端缩短截骨双接骨板内固定,术后早期功能锻炼的方法进行治疗.结果 13例患者均获随访,随访时间9个月～4年,平均2年3个月.按照朱玉奎等疗效评定标准,优7例,良5例,可1例,优良率92.3%.结论 尺骨延长、桡骨缩短双截骨方法矫形彻底,创伤小,术后功能恢复良好,是治疗伴严重畸形的小儿陈旧性孟氏骨折的一种较好方法.
浅谈中国药品质量控制模式的变迁

结合药品注册审评实际,以终点控制和过程控制为判断依据,对于"检验决定质量"模式、"生产决定质量"模式和"设计决定质量"模式(QbD)等三种不同质量控制模式的变迁进行了初步分析,并提出了通过有效改进质量控制模式而提升质量控制水平的相关建议.
重庆巫山千丈岩梯级水电站的生态评价

以重庆巫山千丈岩梯级水电站为例,对水电站建设后的生态环境进行了评价分析和说明,并提出了对水库蓄水及运行产生的减脱水段的生境变迁等问题的减缓对策和措施.
生态农业视野中的新平花腰傣耕作方式评析——以水稻耕作方式为例

以现代生态农业理论为指导,对新平花腰傣的水稻耕作方式进行了研究,分析了其符合自然生态法则和生态农业发展的合理内涵,为新平花腰傣的社会主义新农村建设和生态环境保护提供指导.
基于生态安全的环境友好型土地利用模式探讨——以山东省临沂市为例

在分析土地利用与生态环境关系的基础上,提出了基于生态承栽力的生态安全评价方法.以临沂市为实例,对全市生态安全进行了评价,按照区域特点和生态环境现状,划分了适合当地社会经济发展的生态环境建设功能区.根据各功能区的主体功能,提出了基于生态安全的环境友好型土地利用调控和利用模式.
新农村村庄规划与建设初探——以仪征市乡镇村庄规划为例

结合江苏省仪征市2007年村庄规划工作,对村庄规划存在的问题做了探讨,并以仪征市村庄规划的实践为例,对村庄规划提出相应的应对策略,总结了在新农村建设规划中需要注意的问题,以此实现建设社会主义新农村的目标.
反跳痛和咳嗽征在急性腹膜炎诊断中的作用

急性腹膜炎的三大体征：压痛、反跳痛（rebound tenderness test，RTT）及肌紧张，临床医生已经非常熟悉，而对咳嗽征（cough sign，CS）则了解不多。RTT和CS具体检查方法是：传统的RTT是将手置于腹部压痛点，逐渐增加压力后突然将手松开，患者诉疼痛则为阳性；而CS则是找到压痛点后嘱患者咳嗽，若诱发或加重腹痛则为CS阳性。目前有人认为，RTT假阳性率高，又能引起诸多痛苦反应，建议用CS代替RTT。而黄筵庭认为，只要注意避免出现RTT假阳性和假阴性的情况，RTT是腹膜炎存在的重要体征。本文试图对此问题进行研究，比较两种方法在临床上的诊断价值。
血浆同型半胱氨酸水平变化与缺血性脑血管病的关系

目的 探讨血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平与缺血性脑血管病及脑血管病传统危险因素之间的关系.方法 选择134例急性缺血性脑血管病患者[其中脑梗死90例,短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)44例]和60例对照,检测所有受试者空腹血浆Hcy水平并记录患者的脑血管病传统危险因素.分析血浆Hcy与缺血性脑血管病的相关性以及高同型半胱氨酸血症(Hhcy)与传统危险因素的关系.结果 缺血性脑血管病组、脑梗死组与TIA组患者血浆Hcy水平均高于对照组(P＜0.05),但脑梗死组与TIA组血浆Hcy水平相比较无差异(P＞0.05);按各项传统危险因素将所有受试者分别分为有危险因素组、无危险因素组,并进行两组间血浆Hcy水平比较,差异无显著性(P＞0.05);但高血压合并Hhcy 者与高血压Hcy正常者相比,患缺血性脑血管病的危险性增大(P＜0.05).结论 血浆Hcy水平升高可能是与传统危险因素无关的缺血性脑血管病的独立危险因素,Hhcy可能与某些传统危险因素协同作用促进缺血性脑血管病的发生.
薏苡仁善治肝脓肿

薏苡仁味甘淡,性微寒,入脾、胃、肺、大肠经,具有利水渗湿,健脾,除痹,清热排脓之功效。主治水肿、脚气、淋证、湿温、痹证、肺痈、肠痈等。家父张文泰老中医重用薏苡仁治疗肝脓肿,现介绍如下。
胰腺良性肿瘤诊断方法及其评价

胰腺良性及低度恶性肿瘤主要包括胰腺囊性肿瘤(浆液性囊腺瘤、黏液性囊性肿瘤和导管内乳头状黏液瘤)、实性假乳头状肿瘤及无功能胰岛细胞瘤等.
孕晚期血压增高伴胸闷乏力

杨慧霞(妇产科教授):妊娠晚期出现血压升高,十分常见,通常为妊娠期高血压或子痫前期所致.通过下面1例妊娠晚期高血压病例的多科专家们参与讨论的回顾性分析,总结我们在该病例临床诊治过程中的经验,从而促进我们诊疗水平的提高.首先请主治医师介绍病史.
第18届FIGO世界妇产科学术会议纪要——早期妊娠相关问题

2007年本刊已分九期就第18届国际妇产科联盟(FI-GO)世界妇产科学术会议的部分学术交流情况进行了系列报道.现将大会发言交流中关于早孕的29篇论文,分别从异位妊娠、流产、妊娠早期的感染、超声检查在早孕诊断中的应用、胶体次枸橼酸铋终止早期妊娠的安全性以及C反应蛋白在早孕检查中的作用等报道如下.
聚乙二醇干扰素α-2a治疗中出现重症多形红斑型皮疹1例

患者男, 26岁。因“体检发现乙肝表面抗原阳性”于2007年2月入住温州医学院附属第三医院,确诊为慢性病毒性肝炎,乙型,中度。既往体健,否认过敏史。入院后予“聚乙二醇干扰素α-2a针剂135μg,皮下注射,每周1次”抗病毒治疗。出院后在门诊治疗,先后注射三角肌和脐周部位皮下。3个月后复查HBV DNA载量降至正常,并继续干扰素治疗。2007年10月突然发生腹部、上肢皮疹伴瘙痒、疼痛。立即停用干扰素,给予强的松10 mg,每日3次,口服治疗后效果欠佳, 2 d后皮疹迅速增多、加重累及全身皮肤,伴口周肿胀、疼痛,张口、吞咽困难,呼吸不畅,遂住院治疗。查体:体温37.4℃,脉搏92/min,血压125/88 mmHg(1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa),呼吸20/min,皮肤、巩膜无黄染,咽略红,全身浅表淋巴结未触及肿大,全身弥漫性对称性丘疹、丘疱疹、斑疹、水疱。皮疹色暗红,水疱粟粒至黄豆大小,腹部水疱融合成片,疱壁薄,疱液浊。尼氏征阳性,皮温触之略高,唇红部皮肤皲裂、水肿,唇红与口腔黏膜交界处溃烂、渗出。张口困难,口腔黏膜糜烂渗液,外阴部未见皮疹。心肺查体无异常,肝脾不大。血常规: 白细胞2.3 * 10~9/L,中性粒细胞0.76。血生化:丙氨酸转氨酶30 U/L,天冬氨酸转氨酶70 U/L,肾功能正常。诊断:重症多形红斑型皮疹。入院后予甲基泼尼松龙80 mg,每日1次,静脉滴注咪唑斯汀、扑尔敏等抗炎治疗,外用雷凡奴尔、复方炉甘石洗剂。并予恩替卡韦抗病毒,氧氟沙星预防感染等治疗。10 d后激素逐渐减量,第40天停药。经治疗后病情控制,皮疹逐渐消退。
非典型原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进的诊断和治疗

甲状旁腺功能亢进是体内一个或多个甲状旁腺过度分泌甲状旁腺素(PTH)所致,依发病原因不同分为原发性、继发性、三发性和异位性(假性)甲状旁腺功能亢进4 种类型。原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进(PHPT)是因甲状旁腺腺瘤、增生或癌引起甲状旁腺素自主性分泌过多而导致的以钙磷代谢紊乱、以骨和(或)肾、消化系统、心血管系统、神经系统病变为临床特征的疾病。典型的PHPT包括肾结石、骨质疏松和胃肠道不适,其余的“症状”或仅有很少客观症状的病人被认为是非典型PHPT。由于20世纪70年代中期体检普查的广泛开展,非典型PHPT的诊断率明显提高,多处于PHPT的发病早期。
黄色肉芽肿

组织病理特征图1的主要特征是:表皮大致正常,真皮中下部有较多炎性细胞浸润,有泡沫样细胞、组织细胞、淋巴细胞以及较多的多核巨细胞.泡沫细胞主要位于真皮上部,细胞较大,胞质淡染,呈气球状:多核巨细胞核多位于边缘,形成花环状外观,胞质呈嗜酸性.
乳腺癌保乳手术

虽然乳腺癌手术在局部治疗中占主导地位,但随着对乳腺癌生物学特性的深入研究、乳腺癌早期诊断手段的进展、全身治疗的日渐重视及患者参与治疗方法的选择,乳腺癌的局部治疗发生了很大的变革,破坏性手术大多数被更加美观和肿瘤局部切除所取代.2000年1月～2005年12月,我院对26例Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳癌的病人实施了保乳手术,现报道如下.
蓄水后土石坝坝体所受浮力问题释疑

水库蓄水后土石坝有效应力算法是采用有效应力加渗流力的组合,同时应考虑浸润线以下坝壳和心墙单元因湿化变形引起的等效节点力(等效荷载).坝体受浮托力作用是否引起坝体变形?怎样分析处理蓄水后坝体所受浮力的因素?对此提出质疑,证明浮托力不引起坝体变形,认为原先的概念模糊错误,应该予以澄清并纠正.
怀念戴春洲先生

戴春洲(1907-1972)先生,武汉大学物理系教授,是一位半导体物理学家,中共武汉大学党委委员,湖北省暨武汉市物理学会理事长.曾三度担任武汉大学物理系主任.2007年是他诞辰100周年,逝世35周年,谨以此文表达对这位博学多识、德高望重的老师的怀念、追思与敬仰.
垂体后叶素致横纹肌溶解1例

患者,男,65岁,2007年3月曾因"黑便、呕血"住我院治疗,诊断为"乙肝肝硬化失代偿期,食管-胃底静脉曲张破裂出血",经注射用生长抑素、维生素K1注射液、氨甲苯酸注射液止血治疗,病情好转后出院.2007 年5 月6 日20∶00 再发呕血, 呈鲜红色, 量约100 mL , 入院查体: T 36. 9 ℃,Bp15. 96/ 10. 64 kPa ,R 18 次/ min ,神志清,精神软,肝病面容,肝掌、皮肤巩膜无明显黄染,予注射用生长抑素、维生素K1注射液及垂体后叶素注射液(南京新百药业有限公司,批号061201 ,规格1 mL :6 U) 治疗,后者用法用量为垂体后叶素注射液60 U + 0. 9 %氯化钠注射液50 mL ,20～40 mL·h- 1,iv。入院的当天晚上患者相继呕血共约2 000 mL ,合用硝酸甘油注射液,输注凝血酶原复合物、红细胞悬液、血浆,应用注射用奥美拉唑钠、注射用血凝酶联合治疗。
1961～2007年共和盆地气温和降水变化研究

利用青海省共和盆地2个气象站1961～2007年的气温和降水资料,对近47年共和盆地气候变化及趋势进行分析.结果表明,共和盆地近47年来气温呈明显上升趋势,年平均气温的倾向率为0.38℃/10年;年降水量以1.9mm/10年的趋势微弱上升;对降水量、气温进行相关分析,发现年平均气温与年降水量的相关性不显著;春季气温与秋季降水量、年降水量显著负相关.年平均气温与四季气温的偏相关均通过了a=0.01显著性检验.年降水量与春季、夏季降水量的偏相关通过了a=0.01显著性检验,而与秋季、冬季降水量的偏相关只通过了a=0.05的显著性检验;年平均气温在1987年发生了由低到高的突变,但年降水量未发生突变.
凉润通络汤对糖尿病下肢血管病变血流变影响的观察

糖尿病下肢血管病变发病率高,致残率高,治疗棘手.2004年1月至2007年7月,笔者应用自拟凉润通络汤治疗糖尿病合并下肢血管病变50例,疗效显著,并观察了本方对该病变血液流变学的影响,现报道如下.
抗癌防移片预防Ⅲ期结肠癌术后复发转移的临床观察

由于生活方式和饮食习惯的改变,近年来我国结肠癌的发病率呈上升趋势,成为导致死亡的重要原因.结肠癌的治疗以手术为主,对多数患者来说,手术并不能完全避免复发转移的危险,80%的结肠癌术中或术后并未见有残余病灶,但仍然有30%-40%的患者复发转移并最终死于该病[1].笔者根据结肠癌术后病人正气亏虚、瘁毒未清的特点，自拟抗癌防移片加化疗治疗结肠癌术后患者25例，总结如下。
鸡蛋花的鉴别研究

目的:对我国广东常用药材鸡蛋花(Plumeria rubera L cv.acutifolia)进行鉴别研究.方法:应用显微鉴别法和薄层色谱法为鸡蛋花建立了药材鉴别方法.结果与结论:鸡蛋花的粉末显微特征和薄层色谱特征明显;该鉴别方法稳定、重复性好,可用于鸡蛋花的鉴别.
水系锂离子电池研究进展

采用锂离子嵌入化合物(碳和钴酸锂)和有机电解质的锂离子电池, 自1990年商品化以来, 以其高比能量的优点, 迅速占领小型电池市场, 并已广泛用于摄像机、笔记本电脑、移动电话等情报通讯器件。但因为所采用的有机电解质的可燃性和在不正确使用(如过充或短路)时电极材料与有机电解质的高反应活性等引起的安全性和高成本等问题, 在一定程度上限制了大型锂离子电池在储能和电动汽车中的应用。锂离子电池安全性在一定程度上可通过选择高安全性的电极材料,采用过充电保护剂, 加入不燃性电解质等得到提高。另一个比较有效的途径是采用水溶液电解质, 并且水溶液电解质的离子电导率比有机电解质提高了几个数量级, 电池的比功率可望得到提高。同时还避免了采用有机电解质所必需的严格的组装条件, 因此成本也大大降低。由于水系锂离子电池具有价格低廉, 无环境污染, 安全性能高, 功率高等优点, 成为具有开发和应用潜力的新一代储能器件。对水系锂离子电池及其相关材料的研究也将成为电化学储能领域研究的热点之一。本文综述了国内水系锂离子电池的研究进展, 并对存在的问题和今后的发展趋势作了展望。
热浸Zn-Al合金镀层的研究进展

综述了近年来国内外对热浸Zn-Al合金镀层的研究,包括含Al量不同时镀层的组织与性能特点以及添加元素RE,Mg,Si的作用.介绍了Zn-5Al-RE、Zn-5Al-Mg、Zn-55%Al-1.6Si镀层和Zn-23%Al-Si镀层的组织结构、性能和防腐蚀机理及其应用场合以及Zn-Al合金镀层应用于批量热镀锌的研究与进展.
897名农村初中生网络使用与心身症状调查

随着互联网在农村的普及,农村初中生上网人数日渐增多。但对农村初中生网络成瘾与心理健康状况的研究少见,本文调查农村初中生网络使用情况,探讨网络对其心身状况的影响。
HBsAg检测结果弱反应的分析与处置

目的通过对某国产定性试剂检测HBsAg弱反应结果的分析,探讨HBsAg检测的影响因素及"灰区"的设定。方法用某国产ELISA试剂对140 709份血清样本进行HBVM定性检测,对HBsAg弱反应结果样本再用Abbott公司试剂定量检测HBVM。对定性和定量结果不相符的样本用另一种定性试剂验证。对部分弱反应定性结果样本进行HBV DNA检测,同时采用定性和定量两种试剂测定一系列HBsAg定值参比血清,比较其灵敏度。结果140 709份样本中HBsAg可疑者174份(0.124%),弱阳性者126份(0.089%)。对其中49份可疑样本和41份弱阳性样本进行定量检测,结果阳性者分别为39份和32份,符合率分别为79.59%和78.05%。17份HBsAg定性弱反应性而定量阴性的样本经另一种定性试剂验证,结果2份为弱反应性,其中1份样本为HBV DNA阳性。对85份弱反应性样本进行HBV DNA检测,其中阳性3份。某国产ELISA试剂检测HBsAg灵敏度为0.5ng/ml,Abbott试剂为0.05 ng/ml。结论我国的HBV感染人群中,有一部分血清HBsAg呈低水平状态存在,并且部分感染者存在病毒复制。国产HBsAg ELISA定性试剂灵敏度较Abbott定量试剂低,因此必须重视弱反应性结果,尤其是位于阳性判断值以下者,灰区设置非常必要。
Achievement of Narrow-Band CARS Signal by Manipulating Broad-band Laser Spectrum

We theoretically demonstrate the achievement of narrow-band coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) signal by manipulating broad-band probe spectrum. The narrowing of the CARS signal depends on the spectrum bandwidth of the probe beam, and thus high-resolution CARS signal for a complicated quantum system can be obtained by the simple spectrum manipulation. Furthermore, the energy-level diagram for the complicated quantum system can also be labelled by measuring the CARS signal at a given frequency.
Sudden Death, Birth and Stable Entanglement in a Two-Qubit Heisenberg XY Spin Chain

Taking the decoherence effect due to population relaxation into account, we investigate the entanglement properties for two qubits in the Heisenberg XY interaction and subject to an external magnetic Geld. It is found that the phenomenon of entanglement sudden death (ESD) as well as sudden birth (ESB) appear during the evolution process for particular initial states. The influence of the external magnetic Geld and the spin environment on ESD and ESB are addressed in detail. It is shown that the concurrence, a measure of entanglement, can be controlled by tuning the parameters of the spin chain, such as the anisotropic parameter, external magnetic Geld, and the coupling strength with their environment. In particular, we Gnd that a critical anisotropy constant exists, above which ESB vanishes while ESD appears. It is also notable that stable entanglement, which is independent of different initial states of the qubits, occurs even in the presence of decoherence.
Room Temperature Ferromagnetism and Optical Tunability in Cu Doped GaN Nanowires

GaN nanowires doped with 2at.% and 6at.% Cu ions are synthesized by chemical vapour deposition method. Structural and compositional analyses demonstrate that the as-grown nanowires are of single crystal wurtzite GaN structure. Magnetic characterizations reveal that the doped GaN nanowires exhibit room temperature ferromagnetism. The measured saturation magnetic moments are 0.37μB and 0.47μB per Cu atom at 300K for Cu 2at.% and 6at.%, respectively. The photoluminescence spectra show that Cu dopant can tune the band gap of the GaN, which leads to a red shift of band-edge emission with increasing dopant concentration.
Acoustic Band Gaps in Three-Dimensional NaCl-Type Acoustic Crystals

We present the acoustic band gaps (ABGs) for a geometry of three-dimensional complex acoustic crystals: the NaCl-type structure. By using the super cell method based on the plane-wave expansion method (PWE), we study the three configurations formed by water objects (either a sphere of different sizes or a cube) located at the vertices of simple cubic (SC) lattice and surrounded by mercury background. The numerical results show that ABGs larger than the original SC structure for all the three configurations can be obtained by adjusting the length-diameter ratio of adjacent objects but keeping the filling fraction (f=0.25) of the unit cell unchanged. We also compare our results with that of 3D solid composites and find that the ABGs in liquid composites are insensitive to the shapes as that in the solid composites. We further prove that the decrease of the translation group symmetry is more efficient in creating the ABGs in 3D water-mercury systems.
B→ηK* and B→ΦK_S Decays in the Two Higgs Doublet Model III

Using the QCD factorization approach, we investigate the large branching ratios of B→ηK* decays and the S K_S anomaly of B→ΦK_S decay in the two Higgs doublet model III. With the contributions of flavour-changing neutral current mediated by the neutral Higgs bosons H~0, h~0 and A~0 at the tree level, we provide a coherent resolution to these anomalies within the constrained parameter spaces, which are 120<|λ_(bs)λ_(ss)|<136. This will be really interesting in searching for the signs of new physics.
Density functional investigations for geometric and electronic properties of In_4M and In_(12)M (M = C, Si, In) clusters

First-principle calculations are performed to study geometric and electronic properties of both neutral and anionic In_4M and In_(12)M (M = C, Si, In) clusters. In_4C and In_4Si are found to be tetrahedral molecules. The icosahedral structure is found to be unfavourable for In_(12)M. The most stable structure for In_(12)C is a distorted buckled biplanar structure while for In_(12)Si it is of an In-cage with the Si located in the centre. Charge effect on the structure of In_(12)M is discussed. In_4C has a significantly large binding energy and an energy gap between the highest-occupied molecular-orbital level and the lowest unoccupied molecular-orbital level, a low electron affinity, and a high ionization potential, which are the characters of a magic cluster, enriching the family of doped-group-IIIA metal clusters for cluster-assembled materials.
Computer simulations for intense continuous beam transport in electrostatic lens systems

A code LEADS based on the Lie algebraic analysis for the continuous beam dynamics with space charge effect in beam transport has been developed. The program is used for the simulations of axial-symmetric and unsymmetrical intense continuous beam in the channels including drift spaces, electrostatic lenses and DC electrostatic accelerating tubes. In order to get the accuracy required, all elements are divided into many small segments, and the electric field in the segments is regarded as uniform field, and the dividing points are treated as thin lenses. Iteration procedures are adopted in the program to obtain self-consistent solutions. The code can be used in the designs of low energy beam transport systems, electrostatic accelerators and ion implantation machines.
Design of magnet and control of the beam emittance for Penning H－ ion source

The design requirement and principle of the deflection magnet for Magnetron and Penning H－ ion source are discussed. It is proved that there exists a maximum emittance for the beam that may be transformed by the magnet into a state with equal Twiss parameters of α_r=α_y and β_r=β_y, which is the requisite condition to get a minimum emittance at the entrance of RFQ after transporting by a LEBT with solenoids. For this maximum emittance, the corresponding magnetic field gradient index is 1.
迷你甘薯研究和利用现状及其发展前景

迷你甘薯是新兴的食味香甜的特色鲜食甘薯品种类型,适于微波烘烤,食用方便,营养丰富,深受消费者喜爱。分析了我国迷你甘薯的研究现状和存在问题及其发展前景,并提出全面提升迷你甘薯产业化水平的相应对策和措施。
春小麦套种花生高产高效模式与栽培技术研究

为提高小麦下茬复种作物的经济效益,达到种地养地相结合的目的。进行了春小麦与花生套种的栽培模式试验。结果表明,该模式充分利用了小麦播种期早、生育期短,花生又为矮棵作物的特点,达到了优势互补的目的;小麦和花生的生育性状都强于清种,无论是产量还是经济效益,两种套作形式都明显高于小麦清种。说明小麦套作花生是一种高效的栽培模式.
国审粳稻新品种郑稻18号的选育及高产栽培技术

郑稻18号是河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所1997年以自育的高产、抗病材料郑稻2号为母本,以优质、易脱粒材料郑稻5号为父本进行杂交,1998～2000年利用系谱法与集团法相结合的育种技术选育而成。2006年通过河南省农作物品种审定委员会审定,并被河南省科学技术厅评定为高新技术产品，2007年通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定。
高淀粉马铃薯新品种合作003的选育

合作003是云南省会泽县农业技术推广中心、云南师范大学薯类作物研究所和国际马铃薯研究中心合作共同选育的淀粉加工专用型马铃薯新品种。2007年2月通过云南省农作物品种审定委员会审定。
Development of Surfactants and Builders in Detergent Formulations

Surfactants and builders are the two most important ingredients in laundry, household and personal-care cleaning products. They play a key role in washing processes. The development of various surfactants (e.g., anionic, nonionic, cationic, zwitterionic, and silicone surfactants) and builders (inorganic, organic and polymeric builders) used in the detergent compositions are reviewed and their detergency performance and biodegradability are discussed. In the future, the development of the surfactants and builders used in detergent compositions should be based on economic and environmental considerations. The use of the eco-friendly surfactants and builders derived from inexpensive renewable resources (e.g., alkyl polyglucosides and bio-based polyesters) in detergent compositions is the developing trends in detergent industry.
A State-of-the-Art Review of Mixing in Microfluidic Mixers

Microreaction technology is one of the most innovative and rapid developing fields in chemical engineering, synthesis and process technology. Many expectations toward enhanced product selectivity, yield and purity, improved safety, and access to new products and processes are directed to the microreaction technology. Microfluidic mixer is the most important component in microfluidic devices. Based on various principles, active and passive micromixers have been designed and investigated. This review is focused on the recent developments in microfluidic mixers. An overview of the flow phenomena and mixing characteristics in active and passive micromixers is presented, including the types of physical phenomena and their utilization in micromixers. Due to the simple fabrication technology and the easy implementation in a complex microfluidic system, T-micromixer is highlighted as an example to illustrate the effect of design and operating parameters on mixing efficiency and fluid flow inside microfluidic mixers.
指导工程力学专业本科学位论文的几点认识

针对工程力学的学科特点和工程力学专业本科生在完成学位论文过程中存在的一些问题,阐述了在指导工程力学专业本科学位论文的各个环节需要注重的一些方面,并有针对性地提出了可操作的方法.
Effect of trace Sn on corrosion behaviors of high voltage anode aluminum foil

The cube texture and the surface corrosion structure of aluminum anode foil for high voltage electrolytic capacitor containing trace Sn were investigated based on quantitative texture analysis and microstructure observation under SEM. High volume fraction of cube texture over 95% and obviously higher specific capacity are obtained in the foils with less than 0.002% Sn. It is indicated that the corrosion behavior of trace Sn on aluminum surface is similar with that of Pb. Higher content of Sn over 0.002% reduces the cube texture component and therefore the specific capacity. Sn, as an eco-friendly microelement, can be applied to replace Pb in improving the homogenous pitting behaviors of high voltage aluminum foils.
Pulse-plating electrodeposition and annealing treatment of CuInSe_2 films

CuInSe_2 (CIS) thin film was prepared on molybdenum substrate using pulse-plating electrodeposition in aqueous solution. The most suitable pulse potential range for co-deposition is found to be from -0.55 to -0.75 V (vs SCE) from linear potential scanning curve. The electrodeposited films were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDS). The annealing effects on electrodeposited precursors were investigated. And the influence of pulse parameters on film quality was studied. The chalcopyrite phase CuInSe_2 films with smooth surface and stoichiometric composition are obtained at a pulse potential from ?0.65 to -0.7 V (vs SCE), a pulse period of 1-9 ms with a duty cycle of 33% and annealing treatment.
Numerical simulation of facet dendrite growth

Numerical simulation based on phase field method was performed to describe the solidification of silicon. The effect of anisotropy, undercooling and coupling parameter on dendrite growth shape was investigated. It is indicated that the entire facet dendrite shapes are obtained by using regularized phase field model. Steady state tip velocity of dendrite drives to a fixed value when γ≤0.13. With further increasing the anisotropy value, steady state tip velocity decreases and the size is smaller. With the increase in the undercooling and coupling parameter, crystal grows from facet to facet dendrite. In addition, with increasing coupling parameter, the facet part of facet dendrite decreases gradually, which is in good agreement with Wulff theory.
Thermal stability and oil absorption of aluminum hydroxide treated by dry modification with different modifiers

The thermal stability, particle size and morphology and oil absorption of aluminum hydroxide(ATH) treated by dry modification with three different modifiers were investigated. The experimental results show that the thermal stability of ATH powder is markedly improved by dry modification technology with the following modifiers such as phosphoric acid, polyacrylic acid and the mixture of phosphoric acid and polyacrylic acid. The best effect comes from pure phosphoric acid, and the initial temperature for the loss of crystal water of ATH powder modified with pure polyacrylic acid can reach about 202 ℃ that is approximately 10 ℃ higher than that of ATH powder before modification. The phenomena of agglomeration and macro-aggregate badly exist in ATH powder modified with the modifiers containing phosphoric acid. The growth of particles and agglomerations of powders are not evident in ATH powder modified with pure polyacrylic acid. The oil absorption of ATH powder modified with the modifiers containing phosphoric acid is apparently larger than that of original ATH powder and ATH powder modified with pure polyacrylic acid. The oil absorption of the ATH powder modified with pure polyacrylic acid is slightly smaller than that of original ATH powder.
Influence of two-step cooling method on magnetic properties of Fe_(82)Mo_7B_(10)Cu_1 nanocrystalline alloy

Soft magnetic properties of Fe_(82)Mo_7B_(10)Cu_1 nanocrystalline alloy were studied as a function of cooling condition. The results show that higher permeability and relaxation frequency can be obtained by the two-step cooling method, and the pinning field of the sample obtained by this method is smaller than that of the furnace-cooled and water-quenched samples. This phenomenon was interpreted in terms of internal stress and the magnetic ordering of the residual amorphous phase. The two-step cooling treatment is an effective way to improve the soft magnetic properties of Fe_(82)Mo_7B_(10)Cu_1 nanocrystalline alloy.
Synthesis and characterization of Sm~(3+)-doped CeO_2 powders

Sm~(3+)-doped CeO_2 (denoted as Ce_(1-x)Sm_xO_2) powders with different morphologies were successfully synthesized via a precursor-growth-calcination approach, in which precursor was first synthesized by a hydrothermal method and Ce_(1-x)Sm_xO_2 powders were finally obtained through a calcination process. The products were characterized with X-ray diffractometry(XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM) and fluorescence spectroscopy. The results reveal that the Ce_(1-x)Sm_xO_2 powders obtained by calcining the precursors prepared in the absence and presence of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) exhibit bundle- and sphere-like morphology, respectively. The possible growth process was proposed by preparing a series of intermediate morphologies during the shape evolution of CeO_2 based on the SEM image observation. It is also found that the luminescence intensity of bundle-like Ce_(1-x)Sm_xO_2 is enhanced in comparison with that of sphere-like one due to its special morphology.
Fabrication of 2D and 3D dendritic nanoarchitectures of CdS

The controlled preparation of two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) dendritic nanostructures of CdS was reported. 2D dendritic patterns are obtained through the self-assembly of nanoparticles under the entropy-driven force. 3D dendritic needle-like nanocrystals are prepared through an aqueous solution synthesis regulated by oleic acid molecules. Their growth mechanism is presumed to be the selective binding of OA molecules onto growing crystal planes. Techniques such as SEM, TEM, XRD, and FT-IR were employed to characterize the morphologies and structures of the obtained products.