mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Soil bacterial communities under slash and burn in Mozambique as revealed by a metataxonomic approach

The slash-and-burn system is a subsistence agronomical practice widespread in tropical areas worldwide. This system has been extensively studied, especially for its impacts on agronomical aspects and soil physicochemical properties; however, knowledge of soil microbial diversity under slash and bum is scarce. In this study, for the first time, soil bacterial diversity of three locations from Central Mozambique, where slash and burn has been practiced for different durations of the forest fallow period (ca. 25, 35, and 50 years), was elucidated through a metataxonomic approach. Bacterial communities were evaluated in the genetic horizons of soils under charcoal kilns, crop fields, and forests. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of spatial (location and land use), temporal (forest fallow period), and vertical (horizon) variations on bacterial community structure in relation to soil physicochemical properties. Metataxonomic analysis detected 25 different phyla whose distribution varied horizontally and vertically in relation to soil properties (i.e., pH, easily oxidizable organic carbon, total nitrogen, and available phosphorus), as well as particle size distribution and mineralogical composition. Such properties were strongly affected and altered by land-use management; in particular, charcoal kilns exhibited better soil properties and greater differences in bacterial community than crop fields and forests, which were quite similar. This might suggest the inability of a forest fallow period shorter than 50 years to improve soil fertility and induce changes in bacterial community. The uncommon application of the pedological approach for microbial evaluation facilitated the detection of a clear separation in bacterial composition along the soil profile, with eutrophic bacteria mainly located in the A horizon whereas oligotrophic bacteria were found in the Bo horizon. These horizontal and vertical heterogeneities in the same study represent a novelty for bacterial metataxonomic analysis.
Understanding association between methylene blue dye and biosorbent: Palmyrah sprout casing in adsorption process in aqueous phase

Water pollution caused by industrial dyes has become a severe problem in the modern world. Biosorbents can be used in an eco-friendly manner to remove industrial dyes. In this study, five biosorbents were selected: palmyrah sprout casing(PSC), manioc peel, lime peel, king coconut husk, and coconut kernel. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to identify the best biosorbent with the highest ability to adsorb methylene blue(MB) from wastewater. The detailed mechanisms of PSC used in the adsorptive removal of MB in aqueous phase were investigated. Of the five biosorbents, PSC exhibited the best removal performance with an adsorption capacity at equilibrium(q_e) of 27.67 mg/g. The q_e values of lime peel, king coconut husk, manioc peel, and coconut kernel were 24.25 mg/g, 15.29 mg/g, 10.84 mg/g, and 7.06 mg/g, respectively. To explain the mechanisms of MB adsorption with the selected biosorbents, the Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectrometry and X-ray diffraction(XRD) analyses were performed to characterize functional properties, and isotherm, kinetic, rate-limiting, and thermodynamic analyses were conducted. The FTIR analysis revealed that different biosorbents had different functional properties on their adsorptive surfaces. The FTIR and XRD results obtained before and after MB adsorption with PSC indicated that the surface functional groups of carbonyl and hydroxyl actively participated in the removal process. According to the isotherm analysis, monolayer adsorption was observed with the Langmuir model with a determination coefficient of 0.998. The duration to reach the maximum adsorption capacity for MB adsorption with PSC was 120 min, and the adsorption process was exothermic due to the negative enthalpy change(-9.950 kJ/mol). Moreover, the boundary layer thickness and intraparticle diffusion were the rate-limiting factors in the adsorption process. As a new biosorbent for MB adsorption, PSC could be used in activated carbon production to enhance the performance of dye removal.
Analysis of fluidized zone in transparent soil under jet induced by pipe leakage

Jets caused by burst tubes erode the surrounding soil, eventually leading to issues such as ground collapse. It is therefore highly important to study the mechanisms of soil erosion caused by jets after pipeline leakage. To investigate the water-soil interaction mechanisms of pipe leakage, this study used transparent soil and developed a three-dimensional experimental device to observe the fluidization process. Changes in the boundary of the fluidization transition area were investigated, and a formula for calculating the soil damage area was derived. The results showed three different shapes of the fluidized cavity appearing in the fluidization process. The particles initially moved upward and then gradually transitioned into a state of backflow. The effects of particle size, upper load, and porosity on fluidization were also analyzed. It was found that soil with a large particle size and a lower porosity under a heavy upper load can effectively restrain fluidization. Therefore, large-diameter and dense soil can be used as pipe-covering material.
Quality of public space and sustainable development goals:analysis of nine urban projects in Spanish cities

The starting point of this research is the urban model promoted by the United Nations through the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).The importance of public spaces is especially highlighted in Goal 11.7:"provide universal access to safe,inclusive,and accessible,green,and public spaces." The quality of public spaces can be properly assessed by reconsidering the quality indicators and investigating their development potential,which is the main focus of our research.This study is based on a theoretical and methodological reflection on the quality of public space,considering the contributions of some contemporary urban traditions and a few recent experiences.From this perspective,a variety of public space projects developed in the European sphere have been selected and analyzed.The quality parameters identified in this initial analysis were then applied to the analysis of nine representative case studies in three Spanish cities (Madrid,Barcelona,and Zaragoza).The main goal is to propose a methodology that helps to evaluate the quality of those public spaces and determine its relationship with the safety,accessibility,and inclusiveness conditions they offer.
IMPACTS OF TECHNICAL ENVIRONMENT ON THE ADOPTION OF ORGANIC FERTILIZERS AND BIOPESTICIDES AMONG FARMERS:EVIDENCE FROM HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE,CHINA

Excessive application of mineral fertilizers and synthetic pesticides poses a substantial threat to the soil and water environment and food security.Organic fertilizer and biopesticides have gradually become essential technology for reducing mineral fertilizer and pesticide inputs.In the process,the technical environment is critical for promoting farmer behavior related to the adoption of organic fertilizer and biopesticides.This paper analyzes the influence of the technical environment on farmer behavior related to the adoption of organic fertilizer and biopesticides based on a survey of 1282 farmers in Heilongjiang Province,China,using the bivariate probit model.The results indicate that (1) farmer behavior related to the adoption applying organic fertilizer and biopesticides were positively correlated;(2) the technical environment had a significant positive impact on farmer behavior related to the adoption of organic fertilizer and biopesticides;and (3) the technical environment had a heterogeneous effect across different groups of farmers.This research provides insights useful for promoting organic fertilizer and biopesticides to farmers.It can be helpful to bundle relevant environmental technologies,conduct technology training for farmers and strengthen the construction of rural information networks.
ORGANIC CARBON STOCKS IN A SILTY TEXTURED SOIL FOLLOWING REINTEGRATION OF A 20 YEARS OLD MISCANTHUS × GIGANTEUS SITE INTO A CROP ROTATION

Miscanthus × giganteus may play an important role in replacing fossil energy resources by bio-based alternatives. One further advantage of miscanthus production is the generally high soil organic carbon (C_(org)) enrichment in soils. Due to declining yields, miscanthus stocks are commonly reintegrated into crop rotation after approximately 20 years. Currently there is only few information, whether these high amounts of C_(org) can be conserved while intensifying soil tillage and crop management after reintegration. Therefore, we monitored C_(org) stocks in a control with more than 20 years of continuous miscanthus and in a treatment with reintegration of a 20-years old miscanthus stock into an organic crop rotation. Based on δ~(13)C soil values, we calculated an annual C_(org) enrichment of 0.98 Mg·ha~(-1)·yr~(-1) C under miscanthus. More than 95% of the miscanthus-C was determined in the upper 0.25 m of soil. Continuing miscanthus cultivation did not affect yields during the first five extension years and C_(org) stocks increased further. Following reintegration, C_(org) stocks remained constant during five years, which was mainly attributed to the humification and/or stabilization of high amounts of destroyed roots and rhizomes. A significant decrease in C_(org) (-5.7 Mg·ha~(-1) C) compared to the continuing miscanthus cultivation was at first measured six years after reintegration into crop rotation, underlining the need of long-term investigations. Our data also show, that miscanthus production cycles can be extended in our region, and that sowing of the alfalfa grass mixture after rhizome/root destruction was efficient in preserving C_(org) stocks for at least first five years after reintegration.
Stable seasonal migration patterns in giant pandas

A critical function of animal movement is to maximize access to essential resources in temporally fluctuating and spatially heterogeneous environments. Seasonally mediated resource fluctuations may influence animal movements, enabling them to track changing resource distributions, resulting in annual migration patterns. The conservation-dependent giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) displays seasonal movement patterns; however, the key factor driving these seasonal migration patterns remains poorly understood. Here, we used GPS tracking collars to monitor the movements of six giant pandas over a 12-year period across different elevations, and performed statistical analysis of seasonal migration directions, routes, habitat revisitation, home range overlap, first arrival events, and stability. Our results revealed a compelling pattern of seasonal migrations that facilitated the ability of the pandas to forage at the appropriate time and place to maximize nutritional intake. Our results indicated that pandas utilize spatial memory to locate reliable food resources, as evidenced by their annual return to the same or similar winter and summer home ranges and the consistently maintained percentage of home range overlap. These novel insights into giant panda foraging and movement ecology not only enhance our understanding of its ability to adapt to nutritionally poor dietary resources but also provide important information for the development of resource utilization-based protection and management strategies.
Three-dimensional assessment of movement patterns of Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys affected by habitat structure in temperate forests

Movement patterns can reflect species-specific characteristics of individuals and animal groups at a given scale. Accurate three-dimensional (3D) assessment can quantify the relationship between movement patterns of an animal and its unique habitat. Here, we evaluated the effects of habitat structure on movement patterns of the golden snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana). We used airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) to map the 3D structure of the temperate forest in the Qinling Mountains (Shaanxi, China). We then integrated field observations of monkey movements with the 3D structure data to characterize movement patterns and habitat use in the horizontal and vertical dimensions. Our analysis revealed that food availability and thermal regulation were the main drivers of movement; however, forest structure and environmental variables affected movement capacity in different age and sex groups. High-canopy forests were associated with increased continuity of movement trajectories and provided habitats with higher food availability, as well as sites favorable for thermal regulation and predation avoidance. The high-resolution 3D forest structure data provided new insights into variation in habitat selection among age and sex groups, which likely reflect sexual dimorphism and the different roles and ranks of individuals. Reconstructing the 3D environment in ecological studies holds considerable potential to more accurately understand the environment of animals and the drivers of their behavior.
寰椎恶性肿瘤整块切除重建术麻醉与围术期管理1例

在血液稀释过程中密切关注Hb和Hct的变化,及时合理输注血制品。研究表明,急性贫血可造成继发性脑损伤,且术中低Hct会导致脑代谢改变,增加住院期间死亡风险,引起神经系统并发症,血液稀释时应适当提高目标Hb和Hct水平。参照文献,本例患者Hb浓度<100 g/L时输注悬浮红细胞,维持Hct>30%,以避免过低Hct导致的脑组织缺氧和神经损伤。
快速针刺天突、人迎治疗抑郁症咽异感症43例

咽异感症是指除疼痛以外的咽部异常感觉,如有异物感、阻塞感、痒感、黏着感等,该病多发于青中年女性。咽异感症在精神心理科门诊常不做诊断,而作为抑郁、焦虑的一种躯体表现,除抗抑郁、抗焦虑治疗外并无针对性治疗,如长期得不到改善将成为焦虑的主要原因。笔者采用快速针刺天突、人迎治疗抑郁症咽异感症43例,现报道如下。
原发性肝癌综合治疗降期后根治性手术1例

本病例第一阶段使用了靶向、免疫、放疗治疗手段,肿瘤一度控制后再次进展,加行介入治疗后肿瘤再次得到控制,为序贯根治性手术赢得了良好的窗口期,反映了不同治疗手段间可起到协同增强效果。从术后病理学检查结果看,肿瘤组织均有不同程度坏死,较直接手术减少了复发可能,而肿瘤细胞仍存在活性,也再次证明综合治疗后根治性切除的必要性。鉴于此,对于中晚期肝癌,我们提倡以外科手术为核心的综合治疗。
"三孩"生育政策下产科面临的挑战和应对举措

2021年国家颁布的《人口与计划生育法》实施"三孩"政策,允许一对夫妻生育3个子女。在"二孩"政策逐步实施后,"三孩"政策的落地对于缓解老龄化问题以及国民经济发展均具有积极重大意义。而从医院管理和临床专科角度出发,"三孩"政策不仅意味着产科的资源配置和压力的增加,对产科临床实践也提出了更大的挑战。
女性生殖道胚胎型横纹肌肉瘤3例报告并文献复习

女性生殖道胚胎型横纹肌肉瘤(embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma,ERMS)是一类罕见的肿瘤,占生殖道恶性肿瘤的3%~6%,好发于儿童和青少年,成年人较少见。ERMS最常累及阴道,发生于子宫颈者极其罕见。阴道ERMS常见于5岁以下婴幼儿,70%左右的子宫颈ERMS发生在20岁以前。由于该病发病率低,在成年女性中更为罕见,临床上容易误诊而延误治疗。本文收集首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院收治的3例ERMS病例,结合文献分析报道如下。
Construction of NiCeO_x nanosheets-skeleton cross-linked by carbon nanotubes networks for efficient electromagnetic wave absorption

In this work,two-dimensional NiCeO_x nanosheet-modified carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites were prepared by a hydrothermal method.NiCeO_x with different morphologies can be formed by adjusting the addition ratio of nickel salt and cerium salt,and the introduction of CNTs in the subsequent synthesis process can effectively prevent the aggregation of NiCeO_x nanosheets.Microstructural studies show that hexagonal NiCeO_x nanosheets with a size of 100 nm are uniformly intertwined with CNTs.When applied to the attenuation of electromagnetic waves,NiCeO_x/CNTs composites exhibit better electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption performance than pure CNTs and NiCeO_x nanosheets due to improved impedance matching and multiple polarization relaxation.At the matching thickness of 1.9 mm,the composite exhibits a minimum reflection loss (RL_(min)) of-53.2 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth (RL <-10 dB) of 5.04 GHz with a thickness of 2.3 mm.These results indicate that the as-prepared NiCeO_x/CNTs composites have excellent EMW absorption performance and are expected to be a candidate material for EMW absorption.
Aging process design based on the morphological evolution of γ' precipitates in a 4th generation nickel-based single crystal superalloy

In order to meet the design requirements of the aging treatment process of a 4th generation nickel-based single crystal superalloy (Ni-SX) developed independently,the effects of aging temperatures and aging times on the precipitation and morphological evolution of γ' precipitates are studied.The morphological evolution behavior of γ' precipitates during the aging process is summarized subsequently and the coarsening behavior of γ' precipitates is discussed by comparing with the Lifshitz-Slyozov-Wagner model (LSW) and the trans-interface diffusion-controlled model (TIDC).It is demonstrated that primary aging temperature and secondary aging time dominate the size and squareness of γ' precipitates respectively,a narrow primary aging temperature range and a suitable secondary aging time are allowed to obtain the optimized morphology of γ' precipitates.The optimal aging process of the Ni-SX investigated in the present work is obtained for 1100-1120 °C/4 h and 870 °C/16 h,confirmed by the corresponding creep tests.The coarsening growth of γ' precipitates in short-term aging also conforms to the LSW model well.Besides,the aging process design rules of various Ni-SXs of different generations are also summarized.
Nonadiabatic geometric phase in a doubly driven two-level system

We study theoretically the nonadiabatic geometric phase of a doubly driven two-level system with an additional relative phase between the two driving modes introduced in. It is shown that the time evolution of the system strongly depends on this relative phase. The condition for the system returning to its initial state after a single period is given by the means of the Landau-Zener-Stuckelberg-Majorana destructive interference. The nonadiabatic geometric phase accompanying a cyclic evolution is shown to be related to the Stokes phase as well as this relative phase. By controlling the relative phase, the geometric phase can characterize two distinct phases in the adiabatic limit.
SPECIAL TOPIC -Smart design of materials and design of smart materials A thermal conductivity switch via the reversible 2H-1T0 phase transition in monolayer MoTe_2

The two-dimensional(2D)material-based thermal switch is attracting attention due to its novel applications, such as energy conversion and thermal management, in nanoscale devices. In this paper, we observed that the reversible 2H- 1T0 phase transition in MoTe_2 is associated with about a fourfold/tenfold change in thermal conductivity along the X/Y direction by using first-principles calculations. This phenomenon can be profoundly understood by comparing the Mo- Te bonding strength between the two phases. The 2H-MoTe_2 has one stronger bonding type, while 1T0-MoTe_2 has three weaker types of bonds, suggesting bonding inhomogeneity in 1T0-MoTe_2. Meanwhile, the bonding inhomogeneity can induce more scattering of vibration modes. The weaker bonding indicates a softer structure, resulting in lower phonon group velocity, a shorter phonon relaxation lifetime and larger Gruneisen constants. The impact caused by the 2H to 1T0 phase transition in MoTe_2 hinders the propagation of phonons, thereby reducing thermal conductivity. Our study describes the possibility for the provision of the MoTe_2-based controllable and reversible thermal switch device.
Lattice thermal conductivity switching via structural phase transition in ferromagnetic VI_3

The realization of reversible thermal conductivity through ferromagnetic ordering can improve the heat management and energy efficiency in magnetic materials-based devices. VI_3, as a new layered ferromagnetic semiconductor, exhibits a structural phase transition from monoclinic(C2/m)to rhombohedral(R3)phase as temperature decreases, making it a suitable platform to investigate thermal switching in magnetic phase transition materials. This work reveals that the thermal switching ratio of VI_3 can reach 3.9 along the a-axis. Mechanical properties analysis indicates that the C2/m structure is stiffer than the R3 one, causing the larger phonon velocity in C2/m phase. Moreover, due to the fewer phonon branches in C2/m phase, the number of phonon-phonon scattering channels in C2/m phase is smaller compared to that of R3 phase. Both the larger phonon velocity and the longer phonon lifetime lead to larger lattice thermal conductivity in C2/m phase. This study uncovers the mechanical and thermal properties of VI_3, which provides useful guides for designing magnetic materials-based devices such as thermal switch.
AG-GATCN: A novel method for predicting essential proteins

Essential proteins play an important role in disease diagnosis and drug development. Many methods have been devoted to the essential protein prediction by using some kinds of biological information. However, they either ignore the noise presented in the biological information itself or the noise generated during feature extraction. To overcome these problems,in this paper, we propose a novel method for predicting essential proteins called attention gate-graph attention network and temporal convolutional network(AG-GATCN). In AG-GATCN method, we use improved temporal convolutional network(TCN)to extract features from gene expression sequence. To address the noise in the gene expression sequence itself and the noise generated after the dilated causal convolution, we introduce attention mechanism and gating mechanism in TCN. In addition, we use graph attention network(GAT)to extract protein-protein interaction(PPI)network features, in which we construct the feature matrix by introducing node2vec technique and 7 centrality metrics, and to solve the GAT oversmoothing problem, we introduce gated tanh unit(GTU)in GAT. Finally, two types of features are integrated by us to predict essential proteins. Compared with the existing methods for predicting essential proteins, the experimental results show that AG-GATCN achieves better performance.
Flat band in hole-doped transition metal dichalcogenide observed by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

Layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) gained widespread attention because of their electron-correlationrelated physics, such as charge density wave (CDW), superconductivity, etc. In this paper, we report the high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) studies on the electronic structure of Ti-doped 1T-Ti_xTa_(1-x)S_2 with different doping levels. We observe a flat band that originates from the formation of the star of David super-cell at the x = 5% sample at the low temperature. With the increasing Ti doping levels, the flat band vanishes in the x = 8% sample due to the extra hole carrier. We also find the band shift and variation of the CDWgap caused by the Ti-doping. Meanwhile, the band folding positions and the CDWvector qCDW are intact. Our ARPES results suggest that the localized flat band and the correlation effect in the 1T-TMDCs could be tuned by changing the filling factor through the doping electron or hole carriers. The Ti-doped 1T-TixTa1-xS2 provides a platform to fine-tune the electronic structure evolution and a new insight into the strongly correlated physics in the TMDC materials.