mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
贯叶连翘提取物对小鼠抗应激反应及运动力竭小鼠抗氧化活性的影响

目的:研究贯叶连翘提取物(HPLE)对小鼠抗应激反应及运动力竭小鼠抗氧化活性的影响。方法:ICR小鼠,雌雄各半,随机均分为生理盐水(NS)对照组及高、中、低剂量HPLE组。分别采用负重游泳、常压耐缺氧和耐低温实验,观察小鼠抗急性应激反应能力,HPLE组分别按1.5 g/kg、0.75 g/kg和0.38 g/kg,ig,Bid,连续给药7 d;NS组等体积生理盐水ig。另取ICR小鼠40只,雌雄各半。随机均分为NS对照组及HPLE高、中、低剂量组。分别按ig HPLE 1.5 g/kg、0.75 g/kg和0.38 g/kg, q.d;对照组:ig等量NS, qd。连续用药2周后,开始每天进行游泳训练0.5h,到第21天后,游泳力竭后休息20 min,断头取血,制备血清,检测小鼠血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性和丙二醛(MDA)的含量变化。结果:HPLE可延长小鼠负重游泳时间,缺氧存活时间及提高耐低温能力,并能升高运动力竭小鼠血清中SOD和GSH-Px活性,降低MDA的含量。结论:HPLE可提高小鼠应激反应能力,并具有抗氧化活性。
中国垂体催乳素腺瘤诊治共识(2014版)

催乳素(PRL)腺瘤是最常见的功能性垂体腺瘤,约占成人垂体功能性腺瘤的40% ~45%,以20~50岁的女性患者多见,成人患者男女比例约1:10。规范化的诊断和治疗垂体催乳素腺瘤对恢复和维持正常腺垂体功能、预防肿瘤复发等具有重要的意义。
Low Complexity Adaptive Equalizers for Underwater Acoustic Communications

Interference signals due to scattering from surface and reflecting from bottom is one of the most important problems of reliable communications in shallow water channels. To solve this problem, one of the best suggested ways is to use adaptive equalizers. Convergence rate and misadjustment error in adaptive algorithms play important roles in adaptive equalizer performance. In this paper, affine projection algorithm (APA), selective regressor APA(SR-APA), family of selective partial update (SPU) algorithms, family of set-membership (SM) algorithms and selective partial update selective regressor APA (SPU-SR-APA) are compared with conventional algorithms such as the least mean square (LMS) in underwater acoustic communications. We apply experimental data from the Strait of Hormuz for demonstrating the efficiency of the proposed methods over shallow water channel. We observe that the values of the steady-state mean square error (MSE) of SR-APA, SPU-APA, SPU-normalized least mean square (SPU-NLMS), SPU-SR-APA, SM-APA and SM-NLMS algorithms decrease in comparison with the LMS algorithm. Also these algorithms have better convergence rates than LMS type algorithm.
Relationship between chronic diarrhea with normal colonoscopy findings and terminal ileum lesions

Background The causes and mechanisms of chronic diarrhea are complex. This study aimed to explore the relationship between chronic diarrhea with normal colonoscopy findings and terminal ileum lesions. Methods All cases were collected from January 2009 to June 2010. The 40 patients in the patient group had chronic diarrhea with normal colonoscopy findings. Those who had hyperthyroidism, diabetes, chronic pancreatitis, cirrhosis, atrophic gastritis, short bowel syndrome and connective tissue diseases had been excluded. The control group contained 40 healthy individuals without diarrhea. Endoscopy of the terminal ileum was applied in both groups, with the endoscope inserted into terminal ileum for more than 20 cm. The patients diagnosed of chronic diarrhea with terminal ileum lesions were treated with metronidazole and probiotics for 10-14 days. Results Before treatment there were significant differences in endoscopy findings of the terminal ileum between the two groups (P <0.05). In the patient group, endoscopy showed congestion, edema, erosion and ulcers in 29 cases, hyperplasia and enlargement of lymphoid follicles in 10 cases with a maximal diameter of 7-8 mm, and 1 case showed normal endoscopy results. After treatment, 35 patients recovered from diarrhea, and terminal ileum lesions disappeared in 30 cases as determined by endoscopy. In the control group, endoscopy showed scattered hyperplasia of lymphoid follicles in 5 cases, and the follicles were small with the maximal diameter being 3 mm. There was no hyperemia, edema, erosion or ulcers. Conclusions Chronic diarrhea patients with normal colonoscopy findings may have lesions in the terminal ileum that can be detected by endoscopy; including hyperemia, erosion, ulcers and lymphoid follicle hyperplasia. Therapeutic effect is good with metronidazole and probiotics.
Cardiorenal syndrome: pathophysiological mechanism, preclinical models, novel contributors and potential therapies

Objective To review the current knowledge about the pathophysiological mechanisms, preclinical models, novel contributors and potential therapies of cardiorenal syndrome. Data sources The literature concerning cardiorenal syndrome in this review was collected from PubMed published in English up to January 2014. Study selection Original articles and critical reviews related to cardiorenal syndrome were selected and carefully analyzed. Results Cardiorenal syndrome is a condition characterized by kidney and heart failure where failure of one organ worsens the function of the other thus further accelerating the progressive failure of both organs. The pathophysiology of cardiorenal syndrome is not fully understood, but may be caused by a complex combination of neurohormonal system activation, endothelial dysfunction, proteinuria, oxidative stress, uremic toxins and other factors. Managing cardiorenal syndrome is still a major therapeutic challenge in clinical practice because many of the drugs used to control heart failure can worsen renal function, and vice versa. Non-dialyzable uremic toxins, such as indoxyl sulfate, causing detrimental effects on the heart and kidney as well as stimulation of inflammatory responses, may be an effective therapeutic target for cardiorenal syndrome. Conclusions Suitable disease models of cardiorenal syndrome are urgently needed to investigate the pathophysiology and effective therapeutic approaches to the condition. Non-dialyzable protein-bound uremic toxins that may have cardiac and renal effects may provide therapeutic benefit to cardiorenal syndrome patients.
Effect of Yizhitongxuan decoction on learning and memory ability, Gaq/11 expression and Na~+-K~+-ATP enzyme activity in rat models of Alzheimer's Disease

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of Yizhitongxuan decoction on learning and memory abilities, Gaq/ 11 expression and Na~+-K~+-ATP enzyme activity in rat models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) caused by injecting Aβ 25-35 into the hippocampus. METHODS: Ninety male Wistar rats (age ≥10 months) were selected and injected with AP25-35 into their hippocampi to establish model animals, which were randomly divided into six groups including a sham-operated group (blank group), a model group, a donepezil HCL group (Western Medicine group), and a high/general/dilute concentrations of Yizhitongxuan decoction groups (TCM I II III group). The Morris water maze was used to examine the learning and memory abilities of rats in each group by place navigation and spatial probe tests. Then, the rats were sacrificed to collect the hippocampi for biochemical tests, using western blotting to detect the expression of Gaq/11 and an ultramicro Na~+-K~+-ATP enzyme kit to measure Na~+-K~+-ATP enzyme activity. RESULTS: Yizhitongxuan decoction improved model rats' learning and memory abilities, and increased the expression of Gaq/11 in the hippocampus and the level of Na~+-K~+-ATP enzyme activity in brain tissue. CONCLUSION: Yizhitongxuan decoction could improve model rats' learning and memory abilities, and had a regulating effect on the expression of Gaq/11 and Na~+-K~+-ATP enzyme activity.
Baduanjin exercise improved premenstrual syndrome symptoms in Macau women

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Baduanjin, a traditional Chinese medical exercise, on improving premenstrual syndrome (PMS) symptoms in women. METHODS: Forty reproductive age women with PMS in Macau practiced standardized Baduanjin exercise for three menstrual cycles. A questionnaire, the daily record of severity of problems (DRSP), was used to measure symptom severity. DRSP was filled out every day starting from the last cycle before exercise (i.e., the first menstrual cycle) to the third cycle after exercise initiation (i.e., the fourth menstrual cycle). The total scores and the scores of each item during the 5 premenstrual days and follicular phase (5-9 postmenstrual days) were calculated. RESULTS: After exercise, the total DRSP scores dur? ing the 5 premenstrual days and differences in the total DRSP scores between the 5 premenstrual days and the follicular phase were both significantly reduced. Of note, the physical symptom total scores in the 5 premenstrual days and the differences between its total score in the 5 premenstrual days and in the follicular phase were both significantly reduced. The differences between the total scores of depressed mood, anxious mood, loss of interest, and reduction in social activity during the 5 premenstrual days and the follicular phase were also reduced. CONCLUSION: Baduanjin exercise was able to improve the mental and especially the physical symptoms of PMS.
Effect of Ermiao Fang with Xixin (Herba Asari Mandshurici) on bone marrow stem cell directional homing to a focal zone in an osteoarthritis rat model

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of Ermiao Fang (EM) with medical guide Xixin (Herba Asari Mandshurici) (HAM) on bone marrow stem cell migration to a focal zone in osteoarthritis (OA) rats. METHODS: OA rats were induced by arthrectomy and assigned to sham-operated, model, EM, or EM plus HAM groups. All rats were injected with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor 30 μg ? kg~(-1) ? d -1 for 7 days and treated with EM or EM plus HAM at 1.6 or 1.9 g ? kg~(-1) ? d~(-1) for 3 or 6 weeks, respectively. Chondrocyte apoptosis and cartilage matrix components were tested by trans-ferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-biotin nick end labeling assay and special staining. Levels of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a) nitric oxide (NO), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or radioimmunoassay. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-13, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs)-1, Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), cluster of differentiation 34 (CD34), and stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) were measured by immunohistochemical assay. RESULTS: The EM and EM plus HAM groups had significantly less cartilage damage and synovium inflammation the model group. Moreover, the EM and EM plus HAM groups had less chondrocyte apoptosis and more proteoglycan and collagen content than the model group. The EM and EM plus HAM groups had obviously higher MMPs-13 and TIMPs-1 expression in the cartilage than the model group. Moreover, the two formula groups had less release of IL-1 β, TNF-a, NO, and iNOS than model group. Importantly, the expressions of BrdU, CD34, and SDF-1 in cartilage were significantly higher in the EM and EM plus HAM-Medtreated rats than model group. Notably, the EM plus HAM treatment seemed to have the greatest effects. CONCLUSION: HAM improves the therapeutic effects of EM on OA rats by enhancing BMSC directional homing to the focal zone.
Survival of people living with HIV after treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine in Henan province of China: a retrospective cohort study

OBJECTIVE: To provide survival estimates of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PL-HIV) after treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in rural China, to identify the prognostic factors at enrollment, and to explore the effectiveness of TCM in treating PLHIV. METHODS: PLHIV who enrolled in national TCM HIV treatment trial program in October 2004 were analyzed in this study and followed up to October 2010. Survival time was estimated by the Ka-plan-Meier curve and hazard ratios, and identifying prognostic factors were computed through Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS: A total of 1666 PLHIV were included with 102 591 person-months of follow-up. Overall, 312 (18.7%) patients died. The total mortality rate over the study period was 3.6 per 100 person-years, which was lower than the worldwide rate. The cumulative survival rate was 95.9% at 1 year [95% confidence interval (Cl) (94.8-96.8)] and 80.4% at 6 years [95% Cl (78.4-82.3)]. Elevated death risks emerged among males, older individuals, and those with lower CD4+ T-cell counts. CONCLUSION: TCM could increase survival and lengthen the life span of PLHIV in Henan province of China, as shown by our retrospective cohort study. Factors such as sex, age, education, and CD4+ T-cell counts correlated to survival. However, retrospective cohorts bias the data, so more prospective studies should be performed to confirm our primary results.
老年人带状疱疹后神经痛

带状疱疹是由水痘-带状疱疹病毒(varicella zoster virus,VZV)引起的急性感染性病毒性神经炎,其主要特点为簇集性水疱沿身体一侧周围神经呈带状分布,同时伴有显著的神经痛症状,典型病例临床诊断并不困难。VZV病毒长期潜伏在脊髓后根神经节,机体免疫功能低下时病毒再度活动并生长繁殖,沿周围神经移动到支配区域的皮肤,发生带状疱疹。老年人的各项机能均下降,尤其在创伤、感冒、心脑血管疾病、糖尿病等应激和器质性疾病状态下,免疫力往往更加低于正常水平,是带状疱疹的好发人群,且多病情较重,病程迁延,容易形成后遗神经痛。临床根据病情长短分为急性带状疱疹(acute herpes zoster, AHZ)和带状疱疹后神经痛(postherpetic neuralgia, PHN)。目前比较肯定的是PHN的发生率与年龄呈正相关,年龄小于40岁患者很少发生PHN,60岁以上患者发生率约为50%,70岁以上患者发生率约为75%。临床资料显示,PHN可以持续1年、数年甚至十余年不等,且以高龄患者居多。
骑马治疗促进残障患儿运动功能康复及心理和社会功能康复的研究进展

骑马治疗又称马术治疗(Hippo therapy,HPOT)或治疗性骑马(therapeutic horse riding),是物理治疗师、作业治疗师和语言治疗师等对有神经肌肉功能障碍者(如脑性瘫痪),以马匹作为一种治疗工具,利用马匹的规律性运动模式以及人与马匹互动的所有活动,对患者的生理(平衡、姿势控制等)、心理、认知、社会化及行为障碍进行治疗的方法。马术治疗可以追溯到公元前,古希腊的医生希波克拉底就曾用该疗法进行过有效治疗。小儿麻痹症患儿Hartel经过骑马治疗康复后获得1952年奥运会马术比赛银牌后,骑马治疗在西欧引起轰动。作为一项起源于欧洲的康复治疗手段,骑马治疗开展了已有半个世纪的历史。
基本农田变更方法设计与实现

基本农田保护片块年度变更是土地利用年度变更的重要工作之一。本文通过综合应用ArcGIS中的GP工具,设计了一整套基本农田变更方法和关键步骤的实现算法,利用AO开发实现了变更方法软件化,并成功应用于义乌市的基本农田保护图斑数据更新工作中。
信息系统在房产测绘工作中的应用研究——以武汉市为例

房产测绘包括房产基础测绘和房产项目测绘,利用GIS技术建立房产基础地理空间数据库,是实现房屋图文一体化管理的数据基础。本文对基于GIS技术的房产测绘信息化的建设内容、建设要求进行研究,对推动房产测绘、房产管理的信息化和智慧化具有重大意义。
2012年下半年中国驻黎巴嫩维和二级医院门诊皮肤病例分析

目的分析2012年下半年在中国驻黎巴嫩维和二级医院就诊的皮肤病例资料,初步了解该时间段内联合国驻黎临时部队(United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon,UNIFIL)的皮肤病发病特点。方法收集该时间段内229例皮肤病患者资料,比较UNIFIL各部队的皮肤病发病特点和规律。结果①在UNIFIL各部队中,印度部队的就诊人数及患病种类最多,其次为联合国雇员,尼泊尔、中国及西班牙部队;②变态反应性皮肤病占门诊皮肤病例的24.5%,其次为真菌感染性皮肤病,占22.3%,病毒感染性皮肤病和物理性皮肤病各占12.2%;③UNIFIL各部队中,中国部队皮肤病就诊率为8.1%;其次为印度部队,为8%;尼泊尔和西班牙部队的皮肤病就诊率明显低于中、印部队,分别为3.3%和2.5%。结论分析2012年下半年UNIFIL皮肤病发病特点对于后续的门诊工作具有指导作用,应适当增加抗过敏药和抗真菌药,加强皮肤病防治知识的宣传,积极采取适当的干预措施,降低皮肤病发病率。
The comparison of H_2CO (1_(10)-1_(11)), C~(18)O (1-0) and the continuum towards molecular clouds

We present large scale observations of C~(18)O (1-0) towards four massive star forming regions: MON R2, S156, DR17/L906 and M17/M18. The transitions of H_2CO (110-111), C~(18)O (1-0) and the 6 cm continuum are compared in these four regions. Our analysis of the observations and the results of the Non-LTE model shows that the brightness temperature of the formaldehyde absorption line is strongest in a background continuum temperature range of about 3-8 K. The excitation of the H_2CO absorption line is affected by strong background continuum emission. From a comparison of H_2CO and C~(18)O maps, we found that the extent of H_2CO absorption is broader than that of C~(18)O emission in the four regions. Except for the DR17 region, the maximum in H_2CO absorption is located at the same position as the C~(18)O peak. A good correlation between intensities and widths of H_2CO absorption and C~(18)O emission lines indicates that the H_2CO absorption line can trace the dense, warm regions of a molecular cloud.
Tritium and helium analyses in thin f ilms by enhanced proton backscattering

In order to study how to reliably perform quantitative tritium and helium analyses in thin film samples using enhanced proton backscattering (EPBS), several EPBS spectra for some samples consisting of non-RBS light elements (i.e., T, ~4He, ~(12)C, ~(16)O, ~(nat)Si), medium and heavy elements have been measured and analyzed using analytical SIMNRA and Monte Carlo-based CORTEO codes. The non-RBS cross sections needed in the CORTEO code are taken from the ENDF/B-Ⅶ.1 database and the calculations of SigmaCalc code and are incorporated into the CORTEO code. All non-RBS cross section data over the entire proton incident energy-scattering angle plane are obtained by interpolation. It is quantitatively observed that in EPBS analysis the multiple and plural scattering effects have little impact on the energy spectra for light elements and the RBS cross sections of light elements can be used in the SIMNRA code for dual scattering calculations. It is also observed that the results given by the CORTEO code are higher than the results of the SIMNRA code in the low energy part of EPBS spectra, and are in better agreement with the experimental data. Tritium and helium analyses in thin film samples using EPBS can be performed reliably when the multiple and plural scattering contributions are completely accounted.
The broad wing of the [O III] λ5007 emission line in active galactic nuclei

We use a sample of type 2 active galactic nuclei (AGNs) from SDSS DR7 in which the [O III] λ5007 emission line can be modeled by two Gaussian components, a broad wing plus a narrow core, to investigate the origin of the broad wing and the connection between the velocity shift of the broad wing and the physical parameters of AGNs, as well as their host galaxies. We find that the flux of the wing components is statistically roughly equal to that of the core components. However, the velocity shift of the wing component has only weak, if any, correlations with the physical properties of AGNs and the host galaxies, such as bolometric luminosity, the Eddington ratio, the mass of supermassive black holes, D4000, Hδ_A or stellar mass. Comparing the velocity shift from our type 2 AGN sample to that from the type 1 sample in Zhang et al., we suggest that the [O III] broad wing originates from outflow.
加强护士人文素养为肿瘤患者创造优质人文环境——访中国医学科学院肿瘤医院护理部主任徐波

目前，恶性肿瘤发病率和死亡率在不断增加，已成为严重危害广大人民群众健康的主要因素之一，罹患肿瘤不仅给患者造成生理上的巨大伤害，同时也给患者带来心理上、精神上的严重创伤。由于肿瘤患者在患病初期对疾病知识的缺乏和对当前医疗水平的不了解，不能预测疾病的发展和今后的生活，加上随之而来的各种复杂检查、治疗所带来的不确定因素，往往使患者无所适从，显著影响了患者的心理调节和适应能力，增加了其患病过程中的压力，引起焦虑、恐惧等心理反应，影响患者的治疗与康复。因此，患者需要得到基于人文关怀的照顾，如提供相应的信息支持、心理支持、生活照顾等，帮助患者重塑信念和希望，提升患者应对不良情绪的能力，改善其心理状态，增强与病魔斗争的信心，有利于治疗和康复，提高他们的生活质量。中国医学科学院肿瘤医院是亚洲地区最大的肿瘤防治研究中心，年门诊量67万余人次，年住院量4.8万余人次，肿瘤医院优质的人文环境与护士的温馨服务赢得了众多患者的好评。为此，本刊特邀肿瘤医院的护理部徐波主任，为我们阐述肿瘤患者人文关怀的重要意义及其丰富内涵。
鼠科肉瘤病毒癌基因同源物B1在类风湿关节炎中的作用

RA是一种以慢性侵蚀性关节炎为主要表现的全身性自身免疫病，全世界患病率高达0.5%。因RA可导致不可逆的关节软骨及骨破坏’严重影响患者的生活质量，早期诊断及治疗至关重要。目前RA发病机制尚不明确，抗原抗体反应在RA疾病发生及发展过程中起重要作用。近来有研究发现RA患者血清中可以检测到抗鼠肉瘤病毒癌基因同源物B1(v raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homologue B1，BRAF)抗体，提示BRAF可能在RA发病过程中发挥作用。现对BRAF在RA中的研究综述如下。
A Composite Model Predictive Control Strategy for Furnaces

Tube furnaces are essential and primary energy intensive facilities in petrochemical plants. Operational optimization of furnaces could not only help to improve product quality but also benefit to reduce energy consumption and exhaust emission. Inspired by this idea, this paper presents a composite model predictive control (CMPC) strategy, which, taking advantage of distributed model predictive control architectures, combines tracking nonlinear model predictive control and economic nonlinear model predictive control metrics to keep process running smoothly and optimize operational conditions. The controllers connected with two kinds of communication networks are easy to organize and maintain, and stable to process interferences. A fast solution algorithm combining interior point solvers and Newton's method is accommodated to the CMPC realization, with reasonable CPU computing time and suitable online applications. Simulation for industrial case demonstrates that the proposed approach can ensure stable operations of furnaces, improve heat efficiency, and reduce the emission effectively.
New cytotoxic C-3 dehydrated bufadienolides from the venom of Bufo bufo gargarizans

Three new C-3 dehydrated bufadienolides were isolated from the venom of Bufo bufo gargarizans. Their structures were elucidated as 5β,12β-12,14-dihydroxy-11-oxobufa-3,20,22-trienolide (1), 5β,12β-12,14-dihydroxy-11-oxobufa-2,20,22-trienolide (2), and 5β,12α-12,14-dihydroxy-11-oxobufa-2,20,22-trienolide (3) on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis, especially 1D NMR and 2D NMR data. In addition, all three compounds were tested for their cytotoxic activities against A549 and HepG2 cancer cell lines. Compounds 2 and 3 showed significant cytotoxicities with IC_(50) values less than 10 mmol/L on both cancer cells.
Exponentially modified Gaussian relevance to the distributions of translocation events in nanopore-based single molecule detection

Nanopore technique plays an important role in single molecule detection, which illuminates the properties of an individual molecule by analyzing the blockage durations and currents. However, the traditional exponential function is lack of efficiency to describe the distributions of blockage durations in nanopore experiments. Herein, we introduced an exponentially modified Gaussian (EMG) function to fit the duration histograms of both simulated events and experimental events. In comparison with the traditional exponential function, our results demonstrated that the EMG provides a better fit while covers the entire range of the distributions. In particular, the fitted parameters of EMG could be directly used to discriminate the sequence length of the oligonucleotides at single molecule level.
Templated self-assembly of Au-TiO_2 binary nanoparticles-nanotubes

In this work, we developed a templated self-assembly approach to fabricate self-supporting Au/TiO_2 binary nanoparticles-nanotubes (NPNTs) for the first time. The stable Au/TiO_2 nanoparticles colloids were pre-synthesized and then deposited onto an AAO template, following by a mild calcination process. Au/TiO_2 binary NPNTs can be achieved after removing the AAO template by NaOH solution. In addition, Au/TiO_2 NPNTs with different thicknesses and size distributions could be achieved by tailoring the process parameters, such as the molar ratio of AuNPs to TiO_2NPs, deposition modes and calcinations conditions. Therefore, these findings made controllable formation of Au/TiO_2 NPNTs attractive for promising fabrication methodologies of metal/metal oxides NPNTs.
Effect of temperature switchover on the degradation of antibiotic chloramphenicol by biocathode bioelectrochemical system

Exposure to chloramphenicol (CAP), a chlorinated nitroaromatic antibiotic, can induce CAP-resistant bacteria/genes in diverse environments. A biocathode bioelectrochemical system (BES) was applied to reduce CAP under switched operational temperatures. When switching from 25 to 10°C, the CAP reduction rate (k_(CAP)) and the maximum amount of the dechlorinated reduced amine product (AMCl, with no antibacterial activity) by the biocathode communities were both markedly decreased. The acetate and ethanol yield from cathodophilic microbial glucose fermentation (with release of electrons) was also reduced. Formation of the product AMCl was enhanced by the biocathode dechloridation reaction compared with that produced from pure electrochemical or microbial dechloridation processes. The electrochemical and morphological analyses of cathode biofilms demonstrated that some cathodophilic microbes could adapt to low temperature and play a key role in CAP degradation. The resilient biocathode BES has a potential for the treatment of CAP-containing wastewater in temperature fluctuating environments.
体力活动对成人脑结构和儿童脑发育可塑性的影响

体力活动的健康促进效应已经在大部分研究中得到证实,如心肺功能提高、心理健康及认知功能改善等,但体力活动诱发变化的相关神经生物学机制并未得到系统性的描述和证实。本文从脑结构变化方面简要综述了体力活动对成人各脑区的积极影响,为体力活动的健康效应提供更为科学合理的证据;同时,综述了体力活动对儿童脑发育可塑性的影响,为学校健康教育和卫生保健倡导体力活动工作的开展和维持提供科学依据。