mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
康复机械手在新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间偏瘫手功能训练中的临床应用

随着新型冠状病毒肺炎(以下简称:新冠肺炎,COVID-19)在全球爆发,形成全球大流行趋势,医疗卫生系统受到极大冲击,给其他疾病的诊治带来新挑战。偏瘫的主要原因是脑卒中,脑卒中是我国致死的首要原因,也是我国致残的第一大因素。在脑卒中偏瘫患者病情稳定后,及早提供科学有效的康复治疗可以促进患者神经系统功能恢复,提高自理能力,预后效果明显。相关研究发现呼吸道感染是卒中后最常见的感染并发症。在新冠肺炎爆发时期,一旦卒中患者并发新冠肺炎,造成医院内部交叉传染,后果不堪设想。新冠肺炎主要是通过呼吸道飞沫和密切接触传播[7]。脑卒中后偏瘫患者采用与康复师近距离接触的常规康复可能增加新冠肺炎传播的概率。如何对患者进行有效康复、避免交叉感染是康复治疗师面临的主要困境。Orihuela-Espina和Susanto等学者对脑卒中患者进行机械手辅助的康复训练可以产生良好的康复效果。因此,在新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间,我们采用康复机械手对偏瘫患者进行非接触式的康复训练,使患者接受良好的康复治疗并降低医患双方感染新冠肺炎的几率。
Cooling rate controlled basal precipitates and age hardening response of solid-soluted Mg-Gd-Er-Zn-Zr alloy

The precipitation and age hardening response of the solid-soluted Mg-10Gd-1Er-1Zn-0.6Zr (wt.%) alloy performed by water-quenching (QC), air-cooling (AC) and furnace-cooling (FC) in terms of the volume fraction of precipitates and tensile properties were investigated in present paper. Results indicated the solid-soluted alloy contained stacking faults (SFs) and long period stacking ordered (LPSO) phase on the basal planes regardless of the cooling rate, but a larger volume fraction of the LPSO phase was formed with decreasing in the cooling rate. After aging, β' and β1 phases precipitated on the prismatic planes, and their number density decreased but mean particle size increased with decreasing in the cooling rate. The solid-soluted alloys (QC, AC and FC samples) showed no apparent difference in yield strength (YS), but their correspondent peak-aged alloys exhibited sharp difference in hardening response. The strongest hardening response took place in the QC sample and showed 82MPa enhancement in YS, which was much larger than that of AC (+26MPa) and FC samples (+5MPa). The reason lies in that the higher cooling rate promotes the precipitation and reduces the average size of β' precipitate. A novel cooling-rate controlled precipitation model with respect to the correlation of precipitates on basal and prismatic planes was established. From this model, the basal precipitates showed a restrictive effect on the growth and/or coarsening of β' precipitate, and composite precipitates containing the β' phase with fine size as well as high area-number density and lower volume fraction of the LPSO phase are preferred to strengthen the Mg-10Gd-1Er-1Zn-0.6Zr alloy.
Harmful algal bloom-forming dinoflagellate Prorocentrum donghaiense inhibits the growth and photosynthesis of seaweed Sargassum fusiformis embryos

Harmful algal bloom (HAB) is an ecological disaster to local mariculture. At present, its impact on macrophytes has not been well studied. In this study, we cultivated sexually propagated embryos of S argassum fusiformis - an edible seaweed-in Prorocentrum donghaiense suspensions at different cell densities (0, 0.50×10~5, 0.75×10~5, 1.00×10~5, and 1.50×10~5 cells/mL) for 10 days, during which growth and photosynthetic activities of the embryos were determined, and a monocultivation was set up for comparison. Results show that the relative growth rate and photosynthetic activities of the embryos co-cultivated with P. donghaiense were inhibited mostly and significantly in the cell densities of 0.75 × 10~5, 1.00×10~5, and 1.50×10~5 cells/mL, and the inhibitory effects increased in overall with increased cell densities. The maximum relative electron transport rates (rETR_(max)) and apparent photosynthetic efficiency (α) of co-cultivated embryos were all significantly lower than monocultivation ones on the 10~(th) day. Furthermore, the photosynthetic activity detected by chlorophyll- a fluorescence transient (i.e., OJIP), the electron transport among electron transfer accepters of PSII (photosystem II) and that from PSII to PSI (photosystem I) was restricted, which is probably responsible for the decreases of rETR_(max) and α in the co-cultivated embryos. In addition, parts of the photosynthetic reaction centers of PSII in the co-cultivated embryos were inactivated. Therefore, P. donghaiense bloom could restrain the development and photosynthetic activities of S. fusiformis embryos, reduce the seedlings stock, and eventually hinder the development of S. fusiformis production industry.
Local Energy and Planned Ramping Product Joint Market Based on a Distributed Optimization Method

High penetration of renewable energy generation (REG) in the distribution system increases both the power uncertainty at a given interval and the power variation between two intervals. Reserve markets addressing power uncertainty have been widely investigated. However, there is a lack of market mechanisms regarding the power variation of the load and REGs. This paper thus defines a planned ramping (PR) product to follow the net load variation and extends the local energy market to include the trading of PR products. Players are economically compensated for their PR products. Bidding models of dispatchable generators and flexible load aggregators in the joint market are investigated. To solve the market problem in polynomial time, a distributed market clearing method is developed based on the ADMM algorithm. The joint market is tested on a modified IEEE 33-bus system. It verifies that introducing the PR market can encourage flexible loads to provide more PR service to accommodate the net load variation. As such, the ramping cost of dispatchable generators is reduced by 29.09% in the test case. The planned energy curtailment from REG is also reduced. The computational efficiency of the proposed distributed clearing method is validated by comparing it with a centralized method.
Energy Sharing and Frequency Regulation in Energy Network via Mixed H_2/H_∞ Control with Markovian Jump

In this paper, the problem of mixed optimization for energy sharing and frequency regulation in a typical energy network scenario where energy routers (ERs) interconnected AC microgrids (MGs) is investigated. Continuous-time Markov chains are introduced to describe the switching paths in the power dynamics of MGs. Such that the modelling of considered energy network system could be closer to the real-world engineering practice. Advanced parameter estimation techniques are integrated into the proposed method to achieve better modelling accuracy and controlling performance. Based on the parameters of MG power dynamics, the mixed H_2/H_∞ controllers are obtained via stochastic control theory. The feasibility and efficacy of the proposed approach are evaluated in numerical examples.
Applying Power Margin Tracking Droop Control to Flexible Operation in Multi-terminal DC Collector Systems of Renewable Generation

An emerging multi-terminal looped DC (MTDC) collector system is now advocated for collecting and transferring large-scale renewable generation. However, it remains an open question as to improving the cooperative control capability of looped converter stations for flexible and robust response to renewable grid-connection fluctuation. This paper addresses this problem with a novel Power Margin Tracking (PMT) droop control and its corresponding system-level control strategy from the perspective of optimal dispatch of the power system. By introducing a power margin correction factor into the droop coefficient, the converter station can make self-adaptive regulations according to its actual available power margin. For operation verification, a multi-period optimal operation model and a four-terminal simulation model is built to provide optimal control parameters and real-time operation states of converter stations, where the power flow model of the looped MTDC grid with renewables generation is considered. The case results prove that the proposed control strategy can improve the cooperative operation capability of multiple converter stations, mitigating grid-connected power fluctuation. It can effectively reduce the DC voltage deviation to enhance the operation stability of the MTDC grid. The operational robustness of the proposed control strategy under “N —1” fault cases is verified as well.
Predictive Control Based on Ranking Multi-objective Optimization Approaches for a quasi-Z Source Inverter

In power converter control,predictive control has several merits, such as simple concept and fast response. However, the necessity to use the weighting factor inside the cost function makes the control design complex in the case of regulating multivariables where the value of the weighting factor is obtained by a nontrivial process. Also, it primarily depends on the system parameters and operating points of the control system. This paper aims to enhance the model predictive algorithm of the singlestage topology of a quasi-Z Source Inverter (qZSI). The concept of a multi-objective optimization approach is used in addition to the sub-cost function definition to remove the weighting factors. By using the sub-cost function definition, the inductor current is pushed away from the main loop of the predictive algorithm. Thus, no weighting factor is needed to manage the priority of the inductor current. The other two control targets, which are the capacitor voltage and load currents, will be controlled by the multi-objective optimization approach without using any weighting factors. A detailed theoretical analysis of the proposed technique will be given and validated based on simulation results.
An adaptive microscope for the imaging of biological surfaces

Scanning fluorescence microscopes are now able to image large biological samples at high spatial and temporal resolution. This comes at the expense of an increased light dose which is detrimental to fluorophore stability and cell physiology. To highly reduce the light dose, we designed an adaptive scanning fluorescence microscope with a scanning scheme optimized for the unsupervised imaging of cell sheets, which underly the shape of many embryos and organs. The surface of the tissue is first delineated from the acquisition of a very small subset (~0.1%) of sample space, using a robust estimation strategy. Two alternative scanning strategies are then proposed to image the tissue with an improved photon budget, without loss in resolution. The first strategy consists in scanning only a thin shell around the estimated surface of interest, allowing high reduction of light dose when the tissue is curved. The second strategy applies when structures of interest lie at the cell periphery (e.g. adherens junctions). An iterative approach is then used to propagate scanning along cell contours. We demonstrate the benefit of our approach imaging live epithelia from Drosophila melanogaster. On the examples shown, both approaches yield more than a 20-fold reduction in light dose -and up to more than 80-fold- compared to a full scan of the volume. These smart-scanning strategies can be easily implemented on most scanning fluorescent imaging modality. The dramatic reduction in light exposure of the sample should allow prolonged imaging of the live processes under investigation.
Integrated Energy Production Unit: An Innovative Concept and Design for Energy Transition Toward Low-carbon Development

To achieve the goals of emission peak and carbon neutrality, significant effort is invested to accelerate the energy transition, with a focus on the development and utilization of renewable energy, as well as the upgrading of conventional units. Within this context, this paper proposes an innovative concept, known as the integrated energy production unit (IEPU), providing a variety of energy products and flexible adjustment functions for power systems with high penetration of non-hydro renewable energy. In the IEPU framework, a photovoltaic (PV) power plant is installed to produce electricity; CO_2 capture technology is applied to the existing coal-fired power plant with biomass co-combustion. The generated CO_2 is used to synthesize methane or methanol with hydrogen through electrolysis. First, the operational principle and advantages of this concept are illustrated. Then, a simplified model is built to provide an optimal configuration scheme of equipment capacity. Finally, the potential contribution of IEPU to the operational flexibility of the power system is also analyzed.
Micro-sprinkling irrigation simultaneously improves grain yield and protein concentration of winter wheat in the North China Plain

Increased grain yield(GY)and grain protein concentration(GPC)are the two main targets of efforts to improve wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)production in the North China Plain(NCP).We conducted a three-year field experiment in the 2014-2017 winter wheat growing seasons to compare the effects of conventional irrigation practice(CI)and micro-sprinkling irrigation combined with nitrogen(N)fertilizer(MSI)on GY,GPC,and protein yield(PY).Across the three years,GY,GPC,and PY increased by 10.5%-16.7%,5.4%-8.0%,and 18.8%-24.6%,respectively,under MSI relative to CI.The higher GY under MSI was due primarily to increased thousand-kernel weight(TKW).The chlorophyll content of leaves was higher under MSI during the mid-late grain filling period,increasing the contribution of post-anthesis dry matter accumulation to GY,with consequent increases in total dry matter accumulation and harvest index compared to CI.During the mid-late grain filling period,the canopy temperature was markedly lower and the relative humidity was higher under MSI than under CI.The duration and rate of filling during the mid-late grain filling period were also higher under MSI than CI,resulting in higher TKW.MSI increased the contribution of post-anthesis N accumulation to grain N but reduced the pre-anthesis remobilization of N in leaves,the primary site of photosynthetic activity,possibly helping maintain photosynthate production in leaves during grain filling.Total N at maturity was higher under MSI than CI,although there was little difference in N harvest index.The higher GPC under MSI than under CI was due to a larger increase in grain N accumulation than in GY.Overall,MSI simultaneously increased both GY and GPC in winter wheat grown in the NCP.
An environmental flow method applied in small and medium-sized mountainous rivers

In small and medium-sized mountainous rivers, there are usually hydropower stations in upper reaches as well as widened and heightened river sections in downstream reaches that are close to settlements. The environmental flow (EF) ensures river connectivity and the survival of aquatic organisms. The Tennant and wetted perimeter methods were used to calculate the minimum EF, and the R2CROSS criteria were used to evaluate the rationality of hydraulic parameters. The result shows that downstream areas with large cross-sections may suffer from shallow water depths, insufficient wetted perimeters, and poor overall connectivity of the water bodies, even under the standard EF discharges. A novel method was proposed to ensure EF and sustain suitable hydraulic conditions. The minimum EF calculated by the Tennant method is adopted as the design flow, and a small trapezoidal trough channel is excavated on the wide riverbed of an artificial river section. The width and depth of the small channel are calculated with Manning's equation. As a study case, this method was applied in the Fenglingang River in Zhejiang Province of China. A trapezoidal groove with a depth of 0.74 m and a bottom width of 0.52 m was excavated in the center of Fenglingang River to sustain EF and maintain river connectivity. This small channel not only prevents the river from cutoff, but also enables the water depth and wetted perimeter to meet the demand of aquatic organisms.
Effect of coagulation treatment on antifouling properties of PVC nanocomposite membrane in a submerged membrane system for water treatment

A submerged membrane system was used in this work to investigate the effect of the polyaluminum chloride (PAC) coagulant on the antifouling performance of the polyvinyl chloride/alumina (PVC/Al_2O_3) nanocomposite membrane. The prepared nanocomposite membranes were characterized with field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), atomic force microscopy, contact angle, porosity measurement, and pure water flux. The results revealed that the membrane containing Al_2O_3 nanoparticles (the mass ratio of PVC to Al_2O_3 was 98.5/1.5) had a higher hydrophilicity, porosity, and pure water flux than other membranes. The FE-SEM images showed that when Al_2O_3 nanoparticles were present in the PVC membrane, large pores and macrovoids formed on the surface and cross-section of the membrane. The fouling behavior of membranes was investigated through the filtration of humic acid (HA) solution with and without the PAC coagulant. Without PAC addition, the PVC/Al_2O_3 membrane significantly decreased the irreversible fouling ratio from 60.7% to 19.4% and showed a high HA removal efficiency of approximately 90.5%. The Hermia model confirmed that the cake formation mechanism best described the experimental data for the neat PVC and nanocomposite membranes with the presence and absence of the PAC coagulant. This confirms that the PAC coagulant can significantly mitigate fouling and improve HA removal in the submerged membrane system.
Evolution mechanism of Weibo top news competition

In a certain period, some news will compete for the top news to gain the most attention and influence, and more news will be submerged in the ocean of news and become mediocre. This article deeply studies the evolution process and competition mechanism of the dissemination of Weibo news. In this paper, we innovatively propose a pre-processing scheme for traditional small-world networks and scale-free networks and divide nodes into three roles: fans, passersby, and anti-fans. The competition mechanism of Weibo top news is defined from the aspects of node role and node aggregation degree. A network evolution model is established based on the competition mechanism. The propagation characteristics of the network evolution model are deeply analyzed, and simulation experiments are performed on the small-world network and the scale-free network. Finally, the validity and rationality of the new model are verified through comparative experiments, and a feasible scheme for the propagation of top news on Weibo is given.
Morphological effect on electrochemical performance of nanostructural CrN

Size and morphology are critical factors in determining the electrochemical performance of the supercapacitor materials, due to the manifestation of the nanosize effect. Herein, different nanostructures of the CrN material are prepared by the combination of a thermal-nitridation process and a template technique. High-temperature nitridation could not only transform the hexagonal Cr_2O_3 into cubic CrN, but also keep the template morphology barely unchanged. The obtained CrN nanostructures, including (i) hierarchical microspheres assembled by nanoparticles, (ii) microlayers, and (iii) nanoparticles, are studied for the electrochemical supercapacitor. The CrN microspheres show the best specific capacitance (213.2 F/g), cyclic stability (capacitance retention rate of 96% after 5000 cycles in 1-mol/L KOH solution), high energy density (28.9 Wh/kg), and power density (443.4 W/kg), comparing with the other two nanostructures. Based on the impedance spectroscopy and nitrogen adsorption analysis, it is revealed that the enhancement arised mainly from a high-conductance and specific surface area of CrN microspheres. This work presents a general strategy of fabricating controllable CrN nanostructures to achieve the enhanced supercapacitor performance.
Line positions, intensities, and Einstein A coefficients for 3–0 band of ~(12)C~(16)O: A spectroscopy learning method

Based on the model- and data-driven strategy, a spectroscopy learning method that can extract the novel and hidden information from the line list databases has been applied to the R branch emission spectra of 3–0 band of the ground electronic state of ~(12)C~(16)O. The labeled line lists such as line intensities and Einstein A coefficients quoted in HITRAN2020 are collected to enhance the dataset. The quantified spectroscopy-learned spectroscopic constants is beneficial for improving the extrapolative accuracy beyond the measurements. Explicit comparisons are made for line positions, line intensities, Einstein A coefficients, which demonstrate that the model- and data-driven spectroscopy learning approach is a promising and an easy-to-implement strategy.
A small-scale experimental study of CO_2 enhanced injectivity methods of the high-rank coal

The attenuation of CO_2 injectivity has become the biggest technical barrier for the application of CO_2 enhanced coalbed methane recovery(CO_2-ECBM).Commonly, the intermittent CO_2 injection, N_2 displacing CO_2 and pre-fracturing are the potential CO_2 enhanced injectivity methods for coal reservoirs, but their mechanism and effectiveness remain to be clarified.This paper thus conducted small-scale experiments to simulate the working process of these engineering measures by an independently developed experimental device.Results show that the CO_2 injectivity of coal is remarkably improved by the intermittent injection mode since the CO_2 injection time is increased by folds and the loss of reservoir pressure can be complemented in time.The N_2 displacing CO_2 method promotes the desorption of CO_2 and reduces the swelling strain, with the result that the permeability of coal is improved by 74.82% and 64.95% compared with the methods of the primary subcritical CO_2(SubCO_2)and supercritical CO_2(ScCO_2)injection.However, the permeability reduces again with the secondary CO_2 injection.The permeability of the coal sample after pre-fracturing is averagely improved by 1e2 orders of magnitude, the irreversible permeability loss rate, average stress sensitivity coefficient and the permeability loss rate due to adsorption are averagely reduced by 95.885%, 61.538% and 96.297%, respectively.This indicates that the permeability of coal after pre-fracturing is no longer sensitive to both the effective stress and ScCO_2 adsorption, the injectivity is thus improved and stable.The CO_2 enhanced injectivity effects of the intermittent CO_2 injection, the N_2 displacing CO_2 and the pre-fracturing are various, which thus can be selected individually or jointly to improve the CO_2 injectivity according to the reservoir physical properties and geological conditions.This research deepens the understanding of the functional mechanism of CO_2 enhanced injectivity methods and provides some guidance for their selection and application in engineering practices.
随机系统控制与分析专题简介

随机控制是现代控制理论非常重要的研究领域.近年来,尽管随机控制理论和应用取得了很大进展,但仍然存在许多新的、具有挑战性的问题.这些问题包括随机系统的故障估计和容错控制问题、受限控制问题、随机线性参数变化系统的鲁棒控制问题等.为了反映这些问题的最新进展,SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences在2021年64卷第10期组织出版了"随机系统控制与分析专题"(Special Focus on Control and Analysis for Stochastic Systems),全方位地探讨了随机系统基础理论与应用领域的研究现状和创新成果.
中始新世晚期以来东亚气候变化的渭河盆地黏土矿物记录

获得新生代连续的东亚气候变化记录,是认识东亚气候变化和季风起源、演化及其驱动机制的关键.文章基于渭河盆地连续的新生代河湖相沉积序列,开展黏土矿物含量及晶体参数研究,重建了中始新世晚期以来东亚气候变化过程.结果表明,蒙皂石、伊利石是渭河盆地河湖相沉积物中的主要黏土矿物;伊利石结晶度、伊利石化学指数、蒙皂石与伊利石和绿泥石比例的阶段性降低,指示了在半干旱半湿润的气候背景下,中始新世晚期以来渭河流域化学风化阶段性减弱的特征.坡缕石的形成可能受到成岩作用影响,相应时期流域风化导致的蒙皂石含量和伊利石结晶度实际可能更高.以上结果表明,中始新世晚期到上新世渭河盆地可能处于一个相对暖湿的气候条件.随着新生代全球温度降低和渭河盆地沉积物的不断加积,渭河盆地的化学风化强度阶段性减弱,东亚季风气候阶段性演化并在第四纪变干.黏土矿物的证据还表明,渭河盆地晚始新世到渐新世气候变干,可能是对全球变冷事件(EOT转型)的响应.
2020年梅雨期极端降水的归因探讨和未来风险预估研究

2020年夏季我国经历了一场非同寻常的梅雨季,其持续时间长、暴雨日数多,为近几十年罕见.梅雨期间从日尺度到月尺度的降水均显著偏多,特别是持续性强降水(如连续四周最大累积降水量,Rx28day),较气候平均态偏多94%,打破了自1961年以来的历史记录.探讨人为强迫对此次梅雨期极端降水的影响及其物理过程,有助于理解和预估极端气候的风险变化.利用第六次耦合模式比较计划(CMIP6)检测归因模式比较计划(DAMIP),从事件归因角度,研究指出,人为强迫使得2020年夏季长江中下游流域持续性强降水(Rx28day)事件的发生概率减小了46%(22~62%).其中,温室气体有利于增加类似极端事件的发生概率(44%),这由增温引起的可降水量增加导致;而人为气溶胶则减少了其发生概率(73%),这与地表降温引起的可降水量减少、东亚夏季风环流减弱有关.未来随着温室气体的排放增加和人为气溶胶的减排,类似持续性强降水事件的发生概率将持续增加.在不同的共享社会经济路径(SSP)下,未来温室排放的情景越高,这类极端降水事件的发生风险越高.在低排放情景SSP1-2.6、中等排放情景SSP2-4.5和高排放情景SSP5-8.5下,到21世纪末,其发生概率分别约为当前气候下的4.6、13.6和27.7倍.因此,采取切实有效的温室气体减排措施,将有利于减缓极端降水事件的发生风险.