mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
暴发型流行性脑脊髓膜炎败血症型致下肢坏疽一例

讨论流行性脑脊髓膜炎是脑膜炎奈瑟菌引起的呼吸道传染病。严重者可有败血症休克和脑实质损害,常可危及生命。流行性脑膜炎双球菌可分为13个血清群,大部分为A、B、C、W135和Y群。脑膜炎奈瑟菌A群曾是我国主要流行群,随着A群疫苗的普及接种,C群菌株已成为中国主要的致病菌群之一,具有起病急、病程发展快和病死率高的特点。近年来的流行性脑膜炎监测资料显示,我国实验室确诊的病例中,约48%为C群。流行性脑脊髓膜炎合并肢体坏疽,十分罕见。国内曾有一例小儿流行性脑脊髓膜炎合并手指坏疽的报道。此患者发病早期即有双下肢酸困,诊疗过程中下肢缺血坏死逐渐出现,后出现坏疽。考虑细菌数量多,毒力强,微循环障碍和弥散性血管内凝血(DIC),继而引起皮肤坏死及肢体远端坏疽。
A Rare Case of Persistent Primitive Trigeminal Artery with Multiple Anomalies of Cerebral Vessels

To the Editor: A 38-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with transient aphasia and weakness of the right extremities. As a habitual smoker, he had been diagnosed with hypertension and hyperlipidemia 3 and 10 years prior, respectively. With regard to family history, he stated that his father had suffered cerebral infarction.
野外快速检测钾元素的技术现状与进展

在钾盐找矿勘查过程中,野外实时快速检测样品钾离子含量的方法非常重要,因为中国的钾盐矿床大部分分布在西部偏远地区,科研条件差,分析技术落后,尤其是青藏高原地区的野外工作周期非常短,从样品采集到得到分析数据需要将样品运至城市实验室,其中的运输、中转、等待实验室分析结果的过程需要耗费大量的时间,而且也需要人力、物力、财力的协助。这就会导致钻探现场不能及时得到分析数据,从而耽误野外调查与钻井进程中的重要决策时机;而实验室样品来源也存在显著的季节性差异,无法满足野外工作人员年终总结所需的数据。
Establishment of a Novel Mouse Model of Coronary Microembolization

Background: Coronary microembolization (CME) has been frequently seen in acute coronary syndromes and percutaneous coronary intervention. Small animal models are required for further studies of CME related to severe prognosis. This study aimed to explore a new mouse model of CME. Methods: The mouse model of CME was established by injecting polystyrene microspheres into the left ventricular chamber during 15-s occlusion of the ascending aorta. Based on the average diameter and dosage used, 30 C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into five groups (n = 6 in each): 9 μm/500,000, 9 μm/800,000, 17 μm/200,000, 17 μm/500,000, and sham groups. The postoperative survival and performance of the mice were recorded. The mice were sacrificed 3 or 10 days after the surgery. The heart tissues were harvested for hematoxylin and eosin staining and Masson trichrome staining to compare the extent of inflammatory cellular infiltration and fibrin deposition among groups and for scanning transmission electron microscopic examinations to see the ultrastructural changes after CME. Results: Survival analysis demonstrated that the cumulative survival rate of the 17 μm/500,000 group was significantly lower than that of the sham group (0/6 vs. 6/6,P = 0.001). The cumulative survival rate of the 17 μm/200,000 group was lower than those of the sham and 9 μm groups with no statistical difference (cumulative survival rate of the 17 μm/200,000, 9 μm/800,000, 9 μm/500,000, and sham groups was 4/6,5/6,6/6,and 6/6,respectively). The pathological alterations were similar between the 9 μm/500,000 and 9 μm/800,000 groups. The extent of inflammatory cellular infiltration and fibrin deposition was more severe in the 17 μm/200,000 group than in the 9 μm/500,000 and 9 μm/800,000 groups 3 and 10 days after the surgery. Scanning transmission electron microscopic examinations revealed platelet aggregation and adhesion, microthrombi formation, and changes in cardiomyocytes. Conclusion: The injection of 500,000 polystyrene microspheres at an average diameter of 9 μm is proved to be appropriate for the mouse model of CME based on the general conditions, postoperative survival rates, and pathological changes.
综合安全项目在控制院内感染和建立安全文化中的应用现状

安全问题一直是医疗服务行业面临的重要问题,而医院获得性感染(healthcare-associated infectionS,HAI)在医疗安全问题中占据重要部分。HAI的发生是导致患者死亡和额外医疗费用的重要原因。研究显示,15%的患者住院期间可能遭受感染,2011年美国共发生721800例HAI病例,其中5种最常见的HAI为中心静脉导管相关性血行感染(central line-associated bloodstream infection,CLABSI)、导尿管相关性尿路感染(catheter-associated urinary tract infection,CAUTI)、呼吸机相关性肺炎(ventilator-associated pneumonia,VAP)、手术部位感染(surgical-site infection,SSI)、难辨梭状芽胞杆菌感染(clostridium difficile infection,CDI),病死率及治疗费用高。研究提出,HAI造成的大部分死亡和费用是可以避免的,安全文化建设是防治HAI的一种重要方法。基于单元综合安全项目(comprehensive unit-based safety program,CUSP)是一项在单元(科室或机构)水平上实施的,对患者安全问题进行识别和消除,建立单元内安全文化的措施。现将该项目的概念、发展、实施、应用情况进行综述,旨在为解决我国患者安全问题以及HAI防控提供借鉴。
LEOPARD综合征

LEOPARD综合征是一种罕见的、可累及全身多系统的常染色体显性遗传病,主要临床表现有全身多发雀斑样痣、头面部畸形、心血管系统异常、生长发育迟缓、生殖器畸形及感音神经性耳聋等。 PTPN11基因突变是LEOPARD综合征的主要病因[2]。绝大多数患者合并心血管系统异常,尤以肥厚型心肌病(hypertrophic cardiomyopathy,HCM)最为多见,故该病逐渐受到心血管专科医师的重视。本文对LEOPARD综合征及其研究进展做一介绍。
Characterization and Comparison of Commercial Chinese Cereal and European Grape Vinegars Using ~1H NMR Spectroscopy Combined with Multivariate Analysis

A holistic and comparative quality assessment of vinegars from different countries is needed with international trade of vinegar become frequent. In this study, compounds characterization and comparison of commercial-grade Chinese cereal and European grape vinegars were performed using ~1H NMR spectroscopy coupled with principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal projection to latent structures discriminate analysis (OPLS-DA). The results showed that Balsamic vinegars of Modena were clearly discriminated by higher amount of fructose and glucose, while Chinese aromatic vinegar and aged vinegars were characterized by higher amount of amino acids, volatile compounds, succinate and betaine. On the other hand, flavoring compounds in Chinese rice vinegar and European wine vinegars are less than the others. These characteristic components are associated with the special raw materials and producing process of each types of vinegar and endow them special flavor. The results obtained in this study provide a global insight into vinegar through a ~1H NMR based compounds analysis that allows a holistic quality assessment and comparison of vinegars from different manufacture origins.
Theoretical Prediction on Photovoltaic Properties of 4CI-BPPQ/ PC_(61)BM System via Density Functional Theory Calculations

Designing and synthesizing high-performable electron donor materials are very important for fabricating organic solar cell devices with high power conversion efficiency (PCE). In this work, quantum chemical and molecular dynamics calculations coupled with the Marcus-Hush charge transfer model were used to investigate the photovoltaic properties of 4Cl-BPPQ/PC_(61)BM. Results reveal that 4Cl-BPPQ/PC_(61)BM system theoretically possesses a large open-circuit voltage (1.29 V),high fill factor (0.90),and over 9% PCE. Moreover, calculations also reveal that the 4Cl-BPPQ/PC_(61)BM system has a middle-sized exciton binding energy (0.492 eV), but relatively small charge-dissociation and charge-recombination reorganization energies (0.345 eV and 0.355 eV). Based on the 4Cl-BPPQ/PC_(61)BM complex, the charge-dissociation rate constant,K_(dis) is estimated to be as large as 6.575 × 10~(12) s~(-1), while the charge-recombination one, k_(rec), is very small (<1.0 s~(-1)) under the same condition due to the very small driving force (ΔG_(rec)= -1.900 eV). In addition, by means of an amorphous cell containing one hundred 4Cl-BPPQ molecules, the hole carrier mobility of 4Cl-BPPQ solid is estimated as high as 3.191 × 10~(-3) cm~2·V~(-1)·s~(-1). In brief, our calculation shows that 4Cl-BPPQ/PC_(61)BM system is a very promising organic solar cell system, and is worth of making further device research by experiments.
Optical analysis of ball-on-ring mode test rig for oil film thickness measurement

There are few experimental results available on film thickness at speeds above 5 m/s and they are almost all based on the optical ball-on-disc test rig. In contrast to the contacts in a rolling bearing, in which the lubricant in the oil reservoir distributes symmetrically, ball-on-disc contact shows asymmetry of lubricant distribution due to centrifugal effects. In order to closely imitate the contact occurring between the ball and the outer ring of a ball bearing, this study proposes an experimental model based on ball-on-glass ring contact. An optical matrix method is used to analyze the optical system, which is composed of a steel ball-lubricant-chromium-coated glass ring. Based on the optical analysis, the measurement system is improved in order to obtain a high quality interference image, which makes it possible to measure the film thickness at high-speeds conditions.
溶栓后时间优化经皮冠状动脉介入治疗青年心肌梗死与直接介入治疗的疗效比较

急性心肌梗死(AMI)是威胁人类生命的严重心血管疾病,近年来随着人们生活水平的不断提高、生活节奏的加快、工作压力的增大,冠心病发病年龄日益年轻化,青年人AMI发病率呈增加趋势。本研究通过临床病例观察比较直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)与时间优化PCI治疗青年AMI的疗效,以期为青年AMI患者的治疗提供依据与方案。
China's Ministry of Environmental Protection Adopted Draft Amendment to the Law on Prevention and Control of Water Pollution

China's Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP) adopted in principle the Draft Amendment to the Law on Prevention and Control of Water Pollution (LPCWP) on October 18th 2016 [1]. This marks another major move of the Chinese government to fight against water pollution after the implementation of the Action Plan on Prevention and Control of Water Pollution in 2015.
Influence of fluid-structure interaction on vortex induced vibration and lock-in phenomena in long span bridges

In this paper, deck models of a cable stayed bridge are generated in ABAQUS-finite element program once using only CFD model (one-way fluid-structure interaction) and another by using both the CFD model and the CSD model together (two-way fluid-structure interaction) in a co-simulation. Shedding frequencies for the associated wind velocities in the lock-in region are calculated in both approaches. The results are validated with Simiu and Scanlan results. The lift and drag coefficients are determined for the two approaches and the latter results are validated with the flat plate theory results by Munson and coauthors. A decrease in the critical wind velocity and the shedding frequencies considering two-way approach was determined compared to those obtained in the one-way approach. The results of the lift and drag forces in the two-way approach showed appreciable decrease in their values. It was concluded that the two-way approach predicts earlier vortex induced vibration for lower critical wind velocities and lock-in phenomena will appear at lower natural frequencies of the long span bridges. This helps the designers to efficiently plan and consider for the design and safety of the long span bridge against this type of vibration.
Shape effect of nanochannels on water mobility

Confinement can induce unusual behaviors of water. Inspired by the fabrication of carbon nanotubes with noncircular cross sections, we performed molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the mobilities of water confined in carbon nanochannels with circular, square, and equilateral triangular cross sections over a variety of dimensions. We find that water exhibits disparate mobilities across different types of channels below 0.796 nm~2. Notably, compared with the other two channels, water in equilateral triangular channels displays the greatest mobilities. Moreover, at 0.425 nm~2, different ordered structures are found in the three channels, and water inside the square channel exhibits an extremely low mobility. It is also found that above 0.796 nm~2, the mobilities along the tube axis of water converge to that of the bulk. These phenomena are understood by analyzing the structure, dynamics, and hydrogen bonding of water. Our work explores the mobilities of water across noncircular carbon nanochannels, which may expand the prospect of noncircular nanochannels in scientific studies and practical applications, such as desalination and drug delivery.
Design and analysis of a new high frequency double-servo direct drive rotary valve

Researchers have investigated direct drive valve for many years to solve problems, such as fluid force imbalance and switching frequency. The structure of the rotary valve has received considerable research interest because of its favorable dynamic properties and simple structure. This paper studied the high frequency doubleservo direct drive rotary valve (DDRV), and proposed a novel structure and drive method satisfying high reversing frequency and adequate quantity of flow. Servo motors are integrated into the valve by the innovative structure, which is designed to equilibrate the unbalanced radial fluid force with the symmetric distributed oil ports. Aside from the fast reversing function of the valve, the DDRV presented high performance in linearity of the flow quantity and valve opening as a result of the fan-shaped flow ports. In addition, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method based on Fluent was conducted to verify the flux regulation effect of the height change of the adjustable boss.
CapOX as neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced operable colon cancer patients: a prospective single-arm phase II trial

Objective: The aim of this prospective, single-arm phase II trial was to confirm the safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) using oxaliplatin plus capecitabine (CapOX) for patients with operable locally advanced colon cancer (CC). Methods: Patients with computed tomography-defined T4 or lymph node-positive CCs were enrolled. After radiological staging, patients were treated with at least 2 cycles of NAC consisting of 130 mg/m~2 oxaliplatin on d 1, plus 1,000 mg/m~2 capecitabine twice daily for 14 d every 3 weeks, followed by surgery, and then with the rest cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy. Radiological response was evaluated after 2 cycles of NAC. Tumor response, treatment toxicity, and surgical complications were recorded. The pathological response to therapy was evaluated according to the tumor regression grade (TRG) score. The primary endpoint was pathologic tumor response. This trial is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (No: NCT02415829). Results: Forty-seven patients were enrolled in the study. Forty-two patients completed the planned treatments. The total radiological response rate was 68% (32/47),including complete and partial response rates of 2% (1/47) and 66% (31/47), respectively. Stable disease was observed in 32% (15/47) and progressive disease was observed in none. Complete pathologic response, major regression, and at least moderate regression were achieved in 1 (2%), 2 (4%), and 29 (62%) patients, respectively. Four patients developed grade 3 treatment toxicities. One patient with wound infection occurred after operation (1/47, 2%). There was no treatment-related death. Conclusions: Our results suggest that NAC with CapOX is an effective and safe treatment option for patients with locally advanced CCs.
腔内导管射频消融与食管支架治疗晚期食管癌恶性梗阻的疗效比较

中晚期食管癌患者大多因无法进食而承受巨大痛苦,其治疗目的主要是改善生命质量。目前,常用的治疗方法包括局部手术切除和姑息性治疗等。局部手术切除损伤大,患者往往无法耐受。常用的姑息性治疗方法包括内镜下扩张术、食管支架置入术、内镜下化学治疗缓释粒子植入术和鼻饲营养管置入等。腔内射频消融技术是射频消融技术进展的最新成果,主要用于空腔脏器肿瘤的治疗,如胆道肿瘤、低位结直肠癌等。目前,国内尚鲜见采用腔内射频消融技术治疗食管癌的报道。本研究回顾性分析比较采用腔内导管射频消融与食管支架治疗食管癌恶性梗阻患者6个月内的疗效。
Questions about NgAgo

Gao et al. published data in Nature Biotechnology (Nat Biotechnol. 2016 May 2) showing that DNA-guided genome editing using the Natronobacterium gregoryi Argonaute (NgAgo) protein targeted 47 mammalian genomic loci with a 100% success rate and an efficiency of 21.3%-41.3% at various targets. This report led us to test NgAgo's utility in various cells and organisms such as mouse and zebrafish for gene editing. In most cases, a codon-optimized NgAgo for vertebrate animals was first synthesized and tested with appropriate guide oligos targeting specific genes using techniques similar to what has been utilized for the CRISPR/ Cas9 system. After failing to confirm any NgAgo induced genomic DNA editing in any experiments, some of us switched to use an NgAgo expression vector (CMV-NLS-NgAgo-SK) used and provided by Han, the senior author of this paper, available from Addgene (#78253) since June or directly from his lab. Again, no success editing endogenous genomic DNA was achieved. As controls, the ability of this construct to induce indels was tested, targeting the same genes in cultured human 293T cells as those reported in Fig. 4 of Gao et al. Several researchers in different laboratories independently performed the experiments but no indels were observed at targeted loci, as assayed by T7E1 digestion, PAGE and/or sequencing. Representative data that directly repeat Fig. 4 of Gao et al from eight laboratories are shown in Fig. 1 and protocols used are detailed in supplementary information. We also include additional results from testing NgAgo in various systems by laboratories of signees of this letter in supplementary information. None of these studies proves that NgAgo has any genome editing activities.
Effective parameter study for the facile and controlled growth of silver molybdate nano/micro rods

Controlled growth of nano/micro structures by controlling the effective parameters is the basic requirement for the application point of view in various areas. Here we report the facile growth of silver molybdate nano/micro rods by mixing the solution of silver nitrate and ammonium molybdate at ambient condition followed by hydrothermal treatment at various temperatures for 12 h. To achieve the goal for the synthesis of long, high yield and homogeneous nanorods various effective parameters have been studied to set the most effective conditions for the growth. Among possible effective parameters first the temperature of the furnace was set by warring the temperature and then at the set temperature the concentration of reactants (NH_4)_6Mo_7O_(24) and silver nitrate are varied respect to each other. The pH and temperature values were monitored during the mixing of the reactants. Structural/microstructural characterization revealed the optimum condition of 150°C of the furnace and the concentration of (NH_4)_6Mo_7O_(24) and silver nitrate as described in various tables.
Sodium carboxymethylation-functionalized chitosan fibers for cutaneous wound healing application

A water absorption biomaterial, sodium carboxymethylation-functionalized chitosan fibers (Na-NOCC fibers) were prepared, applied for cutaneous wound repair, and characterized by FTIR and NMR. The water absorption of Na-NOCC fibers increased significantly with substitution degree rising, from 3.2 to 6.8 g/g, and higher than that of chitosan fibers (2.2 g/g) confirmed by swelling behavior. In the antibacterial action, the high degree of substitution of Na-NOCC fibers exhibited stronger antibacterial activities against E. coli (from 66.54% up to 88.86%). The inhibition of Na-NOCC fibers against S. aureus were above 90%, and more effective than E. coli. The cytotoxicity assay demonstrated that Na-NOCC2 fibers were no obvious cytotoxicity to mouse fibroblasts. Wound healing test and histological examination showed that significantly advanced granulation tissue and capillary formation in the healing-impaired wounds treated with Na-NOCC fibers, as compared to those treated with gauze, which demonstrated that Na-NOCC fibers could promote skin repair and might have great application for wound healing.
Effects of saline irrigation on soil salt accumulation and grain yield in the winter wheat-summer maize double cropping system in the low plain of North China

In the dominant winter wheat (WW)-summer maize (SM) double cropping system in the low plain located in the North China, limited access to fresh water, especially during dry season, constitutes a major obstacle to realize high crop productivity. Using the vast water resources of the saline upper aquifer for irrigation during WW jointing stage, may help to bridge the peak of dry season and relieve the tight water situation in the region. A field experiment was conducted during 2009–2012 to investigate the effects of saline irrigation during WW jointing stage on soil salt accumulation and productivity of WW and SM. The experiment treatments comprised no irrigation (T1), fresh water irrigation (T2), slightly saline water irrigation (T3: 2.8 dS m~(–1)), and strongly saline water irrigation (T4: 8.2 dS m~(–1)) at WW jointing stage. With regard to WW yields and aggregated annual WW-SM yields, clear benefits of saline water irrigation (T3 & T4) compared to no irrigation (T1), as well as insignificant yield losses compared to fresh water irrigation (T2) occurred in all three experiment years. However, the increased soil salinity in early SM season in consequence of saline irrigation exerted a negative effect on SM photosynthesis and final yield in two of three experiment years. To avoid the negative aftereffects of saline irrigation, sufficient fresh water irrigation during SM sowing phase (i.e., increase from 60 to 90 mm) is recommended to guarantee good growth conditions during the sensitive early growing period of SM. The risk of long-term accumulation of salts as a result of saline irrigation during the peak of dry season is considered low, due to deep leaching of salts during regularly occurring wet years, as demonstrated in the 2012 experiment year. Thus, applying saline water irrigation at jointing stage of WW and fresh water at sowing of SM is most promising to realize high yield and fresh irrigation water saving.
Soil shear properties as influenced by straw content: An evaluation of field-collected and laboratory-remolded soils

Following a rice or wheat harvest, a large amount of crop residue (straw) is retained in fields. The straw is often incorporated into the soil in order to increase the soil organic carbon storage and to reduce soil erosion. However, it has become apparent that the incorporated straw can significantly alter soil shear properties, which can dramatically affect energy inputs for tilling and other soil management practices. In this study, laboratory-remolded wheat straw-soil samples were compared with field-collected straw-soil samples; we found high correlations for the cohesion (R2=0.9084) and internal friction angle (R~2=0.9548) properties of the samples. Shear tests on rice and wheat straw with different moisture content levels clearly demonstrated the relatively higher shear strength of wheat straw compared to rice straw. The cohesion of remolded rice and wheat straw-soil samples exhibited an increasing linear trend with an increase in densities, whereas the internal friction angle data for these samples exhibited a quadratic trend. Overlapping the cohesion curves revealed that the wheat straw-soil and rice straw-soil samples had the same cohesion at a straw density of 0.63%. Similar results were obtained when the internal fraction angle curves overlapped; the resultant point of intersection was observed at a straw density of 0.46%. As a whole, the remolded sample methodology was found suitable to simulate the shear properties of soils sampled directly from fields.
Assessing soil nitrous oxide emission as affected by phosphorus and nitrogen addition under two moisture levels

Agricultural soils are deficient of phosphorus (P) worldwide. Phosphatic fertilizers are therefore applied to agricultural soils to improve the fertility and to increase the crop yield. However, the effect of phosphorus application on soil N_2O emissions has rarely been studied. Therefore, we conducted a laboratory study to investigate the effects P addition on soil N_2O emissions from P deficient alluvial soil under two levels of nitrogen (N) fertilizer and soil moisture. Treatments were arranged as follows: P (0 and 20 mg P kg~(–1)) was applied to soil under two moisture levels of 60 and 90% water filled pore space (WFPS). Each P and moisture treatment was further treated with two levels of N fertilizer (0 and 200 mg N kg~(–1) as urea). Soil variables including mineral nitrogen (NH_4~+-N and NO_3~–-N), available P, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and soil N_2O emissions were measured throughout the study period of 50 days. Results showed that addition of P increased N_2O emissions either under 60% WFPS or 90% WFPS conditions. Higher N_2O emissions were observed under 90% WFPS when compared to 60% WFPS. Application of N fertilizer also enhanced N_2O emissions and the highest emissions were 141 μg N_2O kg~(–1) h~(–1) in P+N treatment under 90% WFPS. The results of the present study suggest that P application markedly increases soil N_2O emissions under both low and high soil moisture levels, and either with or without N fertilizer application.