mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
B7-H1 expression is associated with expansion of regulatory T cells in colorectal carcinoma

AIM:To investigate the expression of B7-H1 in human colorectal carcinoma (CRC) to define its regulating effects on T cells in tumor microenvironment.METHODS:One hundred and two paraffin blocks and 33 fresh samples of CRC tissues were subject to this study.Immunohistochemistry was performed for B7-H1 and CD3 staining in CRC tissues.Ficoll-Hypaque density gradient centrifugation was used to isolate peripheral blood mononuclear cells of fresh CRC tissues;flow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining were used for detection of regulatory T cells.Data was analyzed with statistical software.RESULTS:Costimulatory molecule B7-H1 was found strongly expressed in CRC tissues,localized in tumor cell membrane and cytoplasm,while weak or none expression of B7-H1 was detected in pared normal colorectal tissues.Meanwhile,CD3 positive T cells were found congregated in CRC tumor nest and stroma.Statistic analysis showed that B7-H1 expression level was negatively correlated to the total T cell density in tumor nest (P<0.0001) and tumor stroma (P=0.0200) of 102 cases of CRC tissues.Among the total T cells,a variable amount of regulatory T cells with a clear Foxp3+ (forkhead box P3) staining could be detected in CRC tissues and patients’ blood.Interestingly,in the 33 samples (15 cases of B7-H1 high CRC tissues and 18 cases of B7H1 low CRC tissues) of freshly isolated mononuclear cells from CRC tissues,the percentages of CD4+ Foxp3+ and CD8+ Foxp3+ regulatory T cells were found remarkably higher in B7-H1 high CRC tissues than in B7-H1 low CRC tissues (P=0.0024,P=0.0182),indicating that B7-H1 expression was involved in proliferation of regulatory T cell.No significant difference was found in CRC peripheral blood (P=0.0863,P=0.0678).PD-1 is the specific ligand for B7-H1 pathway transferring inhibitory signal to T cell,which is expressed by activated T cell.Our further analysis of PD-1 expression on T cells in CRC tissues showed that conventional T cells (CD4+ Foxp3/CD8+ Foxp3),which was thought to contribute to the anti-tumor immune response,highly expressed PD-1;while regulatory T cells (CD4+ Foxp3+/CD8+ Foxp3) almost failed to express PD-1.The average percentage of PD-1 expression on regulatory T cells was significantly higher than the percentage of PD-1 on conventional T cells (CD4+ Foxp3 T cell,P<0.0001;CD8+ Foxp3 T cell,P<0.0001).The diverse expression of PD-1 might lead to different fate of T cell subsets in B7-H1 over-expression CRC tumor microenvironment.CONCLUSION:B7-H1 expression in tumor cells can in hibit the conventional T cell proliferation in tumor micro environment through the PD-1 expression on conventiona T cells.
A case of Cowden syndrome diagnosed from multiple gastric polyposis

Cowden syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder that is characterized by multiple hamartomas in a variety of tissues and this is associated with germline mutations in the phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) gene, which is the tumor suppressor gene located on chromosome 10q23.3. It is characterized by multiple hamartomatous neoplasms of the skin, oral mucosa, gastrointestinal (GI) tract, bones, central nervous system, eyes, and genitourinary tract. Cowden syndrome does not have increased risk of GI malignancy; however, it has an increased risk of breast, thyroid and endometrial cancer development. Herethe authors report a rare case of Cowden syndrome incidentally diagnosed from multiple gastric polyposis. A 29-year-old woman presented with multiple gastric polyps. The laboratory results were normal except for mild anemia, with a hemoglobin level of 11.9 g/dL. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed multiple gastric, duodenal polyps and esophageal acanthosis. Colonoscopy revealed possible hamartomatous polyps in the rectum. Under the suspicion of Cowden syndrome, sonography of the thyroid and breasts was carried out, which revealed multiple thyroid masses. Subsequent fine-needle aspiration biopsy revealed the presence of clusters of follicular epithelial cells, and due to the possibility of malignancy, the patient underwent total thyroidectomy. The pathology was reported as invasive follicular carcinoma. A gene study by direct sequencing showed the presence of a PTEN mutation (c.633C > A /p.Cys211*).
Apoptosis of human cholangiocarcinoma cells induced by ESC-3 from Crocodylus siamensis bile

AIM:To investigate the effects of ESC-3 isolated from crocodile bile on the growth and apoptosis induction of human cholangiocarcinoma cells.METHODS:ESC-3 was isolated from crocodile bile by Sephadex LH-20 and RP-18 reversed-phase column.3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay was conducted to determine the effects of ESC-3 on the proliferation of human cholangiocarcinoma cell lines (QBC939,Sk-ChA-1 and MZ-ChA-1).Giemsa staining,Hoechst 33258 and acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining showed the morphological changes of Mz-ChA-1 cells exposed to ESC-3 at different concentrations.Flow cytometry with regular propidium iodide (PI) staining was performed to analyze the cell cycle distribution of Mz-ChA-1 cells and to assess apoptosis by annexin v-fluorescein isothiocyanate (VFITC)/PI staining.Rh123 staining was used to detect the alteration of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm).The protein levels of Bax,Bcl-2,Cdk2,cytochrome c and caspase-3 were further confirmed by Western blotting.RESULTS:ESC-3 significantly inhibited the growth of three human cholangiocarcinoma cell lines and arrested Mz-ChA-1 cell cycle at G0/G1 phase.Mz-ChA-1 cells showed typical apoptotic morphological changes after treated with ESC-3 (10 μg/mL) for 48 h.Cell death assay indicated that Mz-ChA-1 cells underwent apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner induced by ESC-3.In addition,ESC-3 treatment could downregulate the protein level of Bcl-2 and upregulate the Bax,leading to the increase in the ratio of Bax to Bcl-2 in Mz-ChA-1 cells.Meanwhile,cytochrome c was released from the mitochondria into the cytosol,which subsequently initiated the activation of caspase-3.All these events were associated with the collapse of the mitochondrial membrane potential.CONCLUSION:ESC-3,the active ingredient of crocodile bile,induced apoptosis in Mz-ChA-1 cells through the mitochondria-dependent pathway and may be a potential chemotherapeutic drug for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma.
Efficacy of imatinib dose escalation in Chinese gastrointestinal stromal tumor patients

AIM:To investigate the efficacy and safety of imatinib dose escalation in Chinese patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST).METHODS:Advanced GIST patients previously failing 400 mg imatinib treatment were enrolled in this study.Patients received imatinib with dose escalation to 600 mg/d,and further dose escalation to 800 mg/d if imatinib 600 mg/d failed.Progression-free survival,overall survival,clinical efficacy,c-kit/PDGFRA genotype and safety were evaluated.RESULTS:52 patients were enrolled in this study.For the 47 evaluable patients receiving imatinib (600 mg/d),the disease control rate was 40.4%,and the median progression-free survival for all patients was 17 wk (95% CI:3.9-30.1).The median overall survival after dose escalation was 81 wk (95% CI:36.2-125.8).Adverse events,mainly edema,fatigue,granulocytopenia and skin rash were tolerable.However,further dose escalation (800 mg/d) in 14 cases was ineffective,with disease progression and severe adverse events.Among 30 cases examined for gene mutations,patients with exon 9 mutations experienced a better progression-free survival of 47 wk.CONCLUSION:Imatinib dose escalation to 600 mg/d is more appropriate for Chinese patients and may achieve further survival benefit.
Source Apportionment of Ambient PM10 in the Urban Area of Longyan City,China:a Comparative Study Based on Chemical Mass Balance Model and Factor Analysis Method

In order to identify the day and night pollution sources of PM10 in ambient air in Longyan City,the authors analyzed the elemental composition of respirable particulate matters in the day and night ambient air samples and various pollution sources which were collected in January 2010 in Longyan with inductivity coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).Then chemical mass balance(CMB) model and factor analysis(FA) method were applied to comparatively study the inorganic components in the sources and receptor samples.The results of factor analysis show that the major sources were road dust,waste incineration and mixed sources which contained automobile exhaust,soil dust/secondary dust and coal dust during the daytime in Longyan City,China.There are two major sources of pollution which are soil dust and mixture sources of automobile exhaust and secondary dust during the night in Longyan.The results of CMB show that the major sources are secondary dust,automobile exhaust and road dust during the daytime in Longyan.The major sources are secondary dust,soil dust and automobile exhaust during the night in Longyan.The results of the two methods are similar to each other and the results will guide us to plan to control the PM10 pollution sources in Longyan.
优质杂交晚籼新组合盛泰优9712

盛泰优9712是岳阳市农科所以自育的早籼型优质三系不育系盛泰A与优质恢复系岳恢9712配组育成的优质晚籼杂交稻新组合,具有米质优、产量高、熟期适中、耐寒能力强等特点,2008年在湖南省第7次优质米评审中被评为2等优质晚籼稻新品种,2011年通过湖南省审定,审定编号为湘审稻2011030。
两系杂交水稻新组合Y两优2号在辰溪县的种植表现及高产栽培技术

Y两优2号是湖南杂交水稻研究中心用Y58S与远恢2号配组育成的两系迟熟杂交中稻组合,2011年通过湖南省审定(湘审稻2011020)。从生产实践的角度,总结了该组合在辰溪县的种植表现及高产栽培技术。
储存式自体输血在供血困难患者择期手术中的意义

目的探讨储存式自体输血对供血有困难的患者择期手术的意义。方法对普通外科、骨科、妇科、产科、泌尿科、移植科28例(RhD阴性20例I,gG型抗lea-1例I,gM型抗M 1例,抗JK~b 1例,其他复合型不规则抗体2例,Bx02亚型合并抗B抗体1例,Bw03亚型合并抗B抗体1例,肿瘤导致血型抗原减弱1例)供血有困难的患者,在术前进行自体储血并术中回输。监测患者采血前1 d、手术前1 d、回输后7 d血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞(RBC)、红细胞比容(Hct)、血小板(Plt)指标。结果全部患者手术顺利完成,均未输注异体血液。比较患者采血前1 d、手术前1 d、回输后7 d RBC、Hb、Hct、Plt各项指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论对于供血有困难的择期手术患者,储存式自体输血是安全、节约、快捷的用血解决方式。
PS2蛋白在乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中的表达及意义

目的探讨PS2蛋白在乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中的表达及与其临床病理因素的关系,评估其作为乳腺浸润性导管癌预后判断和内分泌治疗指标的价值。方法应用免疫组织化学S-P法检测PS2、雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)在57例乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中的表达,分析PS2阳性表达与乳腺癌常用的临床病理因素的关系。结果PS2阳性表达率为42.10%(24/57),PS2阳性表达与ER、PR相关,但并不完全一致,与患者年龄、月经状况、肿瘤大小、组织学分级、腋窝淋巴结状况无关。结论PS2阳性表达可能是乳腺浸润性导管癌内分泌治疗的合理指标,但只能是作为对ER、PR不足的补充,并不能取代ER、PR,也不能作为预测乳腺浸润性导管癌患者预后的一个独立指标。
医用微波加热还原铁粉顺铂甘油混悬液的热效应观察

目的探讨不同含铁颗粒在微波作用下的热反应大小,并结合机体对铁生理代谢过程,初步选择出比较合适的微波发热反应物质,为临床热化疗提供理论上最佳的产热化疗药物载体。方法将500 mg普通还原铁粉加入到含顺铂50 mg的溶液中均匀混合、烘干、粉碎,制作成微球,再加入到5 mL 30%甘油溶液中制作成含铁颗粒顺铂微球混悬液,经医用微波治疗仪照射,并用红外温度探测仪检测其温度变化。并与纳米还原铁粉、普通磁性铁粉、纳米磁性铁粉混悬液对照。结果还原铁粉顺铂颗粒混悬液中顺铂含量(9.52±0.26)mg/mL,铁颗粒含量(95.53±3.15)mg/mL。在26℃室温环境下,微波治疗仪可以在15 min内分别将普通还原铁粉、纳米还原铁粉、普通磁性铁粉、纳米磁性铁粉4种常见铁颗粒抗癌药物混悬液的温度分别提高18.7、15.1、13.5和12.3℃。结论在医用微波作用下含铁颗粒顺铂混悬液的温度可以快速升温,完全可以达到热化疗所需要45℃的要求,普通还原铁粉发热效果最好,且易于在体内分解代谢,可作为最佳候选肿瘤热化疗载体材料。
Preparation and application of amino functionalized mesoporous nanofiber membrane via electrospinning for adsorption of Cr~(3+) from aqueous solution

Novel amino(-NH_2) functionalized mesoporous polyvinyl pyrrolidone(PVP)/SiO_2 composite nanofiber membranes were fabricated by a one-step electrospinning method using poly(vinyl alcohol) and tetraethyl orthosilicate(TEOS) mixed with cationic surfactant,cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB) as the structure directing agent.Ureidopropyltriethoxysilane was used for functionalization of the internal pore surfaces.The membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM) images,X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),element analyzer and N 2 adsorption-desorption isotherms.The nanofiber diameters,average pore diameters and surface areas were 100-700 nm,2.86 nm and 873.62 m~2 /g,respectively.These mesoporous membranes functionalized with-NH_2 groups exhibited very high adsorptions properties based on the adsorption of Cr~(3+) from an aqueous solution.Equilibrium adsorption was achieved after approximately 20 min and more than 97% of chromium ions in the solution were removed.The membrane could be regenerated through acidification.
“过去2000年全球典型暖期的形成机制及其影响研究”进展

“过去2000年全球典型暖期的形成机制及其影响研究” (2010CB950100)为“全球变化研究国家重大科学研究计划”2010年第一批启动的项目之一,由中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所等6家单位共同承担。项目重点研究:代用资料与气候变化重建结果不确定性、历史暖期辨识及其时空协同特征、不同尺度、不同时段暖期的成因机制、以及暖期气候变化影响与适应的区域差异4个科学问题;旨在揭示过去2000年全球典型暖期的时空特征及其成因机制,深入了解过去2000年气候变化对中国社会经济影响与人类对气候变化的适应过程与区域差异。
NLRP3炎性小体在椎间盘退变中的作用和靶向治疗进展

椎间盘退变(intervertebral disc degeneration,IDD)是引起腰背痛的主要原因,全球有75%~85%的老年腰背痛患者由IDD导致。中国慢性腰背痛的整体患病率为27.6%,男性高于女性,且有年轻化的趋势,给患者和家庭带来了巨大的经济负担,俨然成为一项的重大公共卫生问题。IDD的发病机制复杂多维,至今尚未完全阐明,其治疗以保守和手术治疗为主,在根除患者腰背部疼痛、恢复脊柱功能和避免疼痛复发等方面疗效欠佳。近年来有研究指出,核苷酸寡聚化结构域(nucleotide oligomerization domain, NOD)样受体热蛋白结构域3(NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3,NLRP3)炎性小体的激活与椎间盘(intervertebral disc, IVD)炎症、细胞焦亡和凋亡有关,NLRP3炎性小体靶向治疗IDD的应用研究逐渐增多。因此,笔者就NLRP3炎性小体在IDD中的作用进行综述,通过总结NLRP3炎性小体靶向治疗IDD的相关药物,以期为IDD的治疗提供参考。
Triggering heteroatomic interdiffusion in one-pot-oxidation synthesized NiO/CuFeO_2 heterojunction photocathodes for efficient solar hydrogen production from water splitting

Delafossite CuFeO_2 is a promising photocathode material for cost-efficiently photoelectrochemical(PEC) water splitting, but the unfavorable conductivity and fast recombination dynamics of photogenerated carriers limit its PEC activity for water reduction. Here, we developed a heterostructure photocathode consisting of the Cu-doped NiO(Cu:NiO) hole selective layer(HSL) and Ni-doped CuFeO_2(Ni:CuFeO_2) active layer by simply annealing a homogeneous Cu-Fe oxalate layer grown on the Ni film deposited on the fluorine doped tin oxide(FTO) substrate. The obtained heterostructure of Cu:NiO/Ni:Cu-FeO_2 with enhanced charge carrier transportability and high-quality interface greatly promotes the separation of photogenerated carriers. Accordingly, the Cu:NiO/Ni:Cu-FeO_2 photocathode exhibits a high photocurrent density of ~0.9 mA·cm~(-2) at 0.2 V(vs. reversible hydrogen electrode, RHE), outperforming most of the reported bare CuFeO_2 photocathodes in the literature. And the photocurrent density can be further improved to 1.2 mA·cm~(-2) after decorating NiSx cocatalyst.
Comparative DNA-methylome and transcriptome analysis reveals heterosis- and polyploidy-associated epigenetic changes in rice

Heterosis and polyploidy have an overwhelming influence on plant evolution. Recently, polyploid rice hybrids have been used to breed new rice varieties because they combine the advantages of both heterosis and polyploidy. In this study, we generated six rice lines: autotetraploid rice hybrids and their autotetraploid parents, diploid donors, and hybrids of the diploid donors. To investigate the molecular mechanism controlling the effects of both hybridization and polyploidization, we performed bisulfite and RNA sequencing on young panicles at the pollen meiosis stage to compare the DNA metabolomes and transcriptomes among the six rice lines. The hybrids lines were hypermethylated compared to their corresponding parents and the autotetraploid lines showed globally increased DNA methylation of their transposable elements compared to the diploid donors. The alteration in DNA methylation level corresponded to the differential gene expressions among the rice genotypes, suggesting that methylation changes induced by polyploidization and hybridization may affect gene expression. Groups of gene candidates were identified that may be associated with heterosis and polyploidy. Our results provide DNA information that can be used to investigate epigenetic modification during heterosis and polyploidy in rice.
Research on the Critical Buckling Pressure of Bucket Foundations with Inner Compartments for Offshore Wind Turbines

In the process of suction penetration of bucket foundations with inner compartments for offshore wind turbines,most researches focus on soil seepage failure and soil plugs,while the buckling of foundations is rarely investigated.Therefore,theoretical calculation methods for critical buckling pressures of the skirt and bulkheads of the bucket foundation are first presented according to the stability theory of a cylindrical shell and the small deflection theory of a thin plate,respectively.Furthermore,two types of models with and without considering the skirt-soil interaction are developed for the calculation of critical buckling pressure of the bucket foundation.Taking a practical project as an example,theoretical and numerical methods are used to obtain the critical buckling pressures of a bucket foundation.In this work,the theoretical method and the finite element model considering the skirt-soil interaction for calculating the critical buckling pressure of bucket foundations are firstly proposed.The results can help to optimize the design process of offshore wind turbine foundations and improve the safety of offshore wind power systems.
NH_4Cl-assisted preparation of single Ni sites anchored carbon nanosheet catalysts for highly efficient carbon dioxide electroreduction

Single-atomic transition metal-nitrogen codoped carbon (M-N-C) are efficient substitute catalysts for noble metals to catalyze the electrochemical CO_2 reduction reaction (CO_2 RR).However,the uncontrolled aggregations of metal and serious loss of nitrogen species constituting the M-N x active sites are frequently observed in the commonly used pyrolysis procedure.Herein,single-atomic nickel (Ni)-based sheet-like electrocatalysts with abundant Ni-N_4 active sites were created by using a novel ammonium chloride (NH_4Cl)-assited pyrolysis method.Spherical aberration correction electron microscopy and X-ray absorption fine structure analysis clearly revealed that Ni species are atomically dispersed and anchored by N in Ni-N_4 structure.The addition of NH_4Cl optimized the mesopore size to 7-10 nm and increased the concentrations of pyridinic N (3.54 wt%) and Ni-N_4 (3.33 wt%) species.The synergistic catalytic effect derived from Ni-N_4 active sites and pyridinic N species achieved an outstanding CO_2 RR performance,presenting a high CO Faradaic efficiency (FE CO) up to 98% and a large CO partial current density of 8.5 mA cm~(-2) at a low potential of -0.62 V vs.RHE.Particularly,the FE CO maintains above 80% within a large potential range from -0.43 to -0.73 V vs.RHE.This work provides a practical and feasible approach to building highly active single-atomic catalysts for CO_2 conversion systems.
BnbHLH92a negatively regulates anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in Brassica napus

Yellow seed trait is a desirable characteristic with potential for increasing seed quality and commercial value in rapeseed, and anthocyanin and proanthocyanidins(PAs) are major seed-coat pigments. Few transcription factors involved in the regulation of anthocyanin and PAs biosynthesis have been characterized in rapeseed. In this study, we identified a transcription factor gene BnbHLH92a(BnaA06T0441000ZS) in rapeseed. Overexpressing BnbHLH92a both in Arabidopsis and in rapeseed reduced levels of anthocyanin and PAs. Correspondingly, the expression profiles of anthocyanin and PA biosynthesis genes(TT3, BAN, TT8, TT18, and TTG1) were shown by quantitative real-time PCR to be inhibited in BnbHLH92a-overexpressing Arabidopsis seeds, indicating that BnbHLH92a represses the anthocyanin and PA biosynthesis pathway in Arabidopsis. BnbHLH92a physically interacts with the BnTTG1 protein and represses the biosynthesis of anthocyanins and PAs in rapeseed. BnbHLH92a also binds directly to the BnTT18 promoter and represses its expression. These results suggest that BnbHLH92a is a novel upstream regulator of flavonoid biosynthesis in B. napus.
Hatching egg polyunsaturated fatty acids and the broiler chick

Transgenerational effects of certain nutrients such as essential fatty acids are gaining increased attention in the field of human medicine and animal sciences as a new tool to improve health and animal performance during perinatal life. Omega-3 (n-3) and omega-6 (n-6) fatty acids are denoted by the position of the first double bond from methyl end of the hydrocarbon chain. Alpha-linolenic acid (18:3 n-3) and linoleic acid (18:2 n-6) are essential n-3 and n-6 fatty acids and cannot be synthesized by the vertebrates including chickens. Alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid are the parent fatty acids of long chain (>20-22C) n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5 n-3, EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (22:5 n-3/or 22:5 n-6, DPA), docosahexaenoic acid (22:6 n-3, DHA) and arachidonic acid (20:4 n-6). As components of cell membrane phospholipids, PUFA serves as precursors of eicosanoids, act as ligands for membrane receptors and transcription factors that regulate gene expression and are pivotal for normal chick growth and development. Considering the role of egg lipids as the sole source of essential fatty acids to the hatchling, dietary deficiencies or inadequate in ovo supply may have repercussions in tissue PUFA incorporation, lipid metabolism, chick growth and development during pre and early post-hatch period. This review focus on studies showing how maternal dietary n-3 or n-6 fatty acids can lead to remodeling of long chain n-3 and n-6 PUFA in the hatching egg and progeny chick tissue phospholipid molecular species and its impact on chick growth and PUFA metabolism during early life.
Qualitative Analyses of Correlations between Strong Ground Motions of the Three Large Earthquakes and Landslide Distributions

In this work, the correlations between spatial distributions of landslide point density (LPD) and strong ground motions of the three strong earthquakes are qualitatively investigated. Meanwhile the qualitative relationship between the distribution of LPD and the fault rupture process is also characterized. Three strong events are the Lushan, Wenchuan, and Jiuzhaigou earthquakes. In order to reconstruct the near filed strong ground motions and the fault processes of these earthquakes, the broadband ground simulation method of University of California Santa Barbara (UCSB) and the simplified crustal layer structures are applied. To show the rationality of the UCSB method, the fault slip distributions of the three earthquakes reconstructed by the kinematic rupture generator model in the UCSB method are compared with those by inversed. Furthermore, the validation of the UCSB method for the three earthquakes is also carried according to the validation exercise of the Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC) Broadband Platform (BBP). Lastly, the fields of peak ground acceleration (PGA) and peak ground velocity (PGV) in three mutually perpendicular directions of the three earthquakes are achieved. Generally, the landslide distribution length of large LPD values along the fault strike is less than the fault strike length. Therefore, the slip modes of earthquake faults affect the distributions of landslides. For the strike slip earthquakes, the distributions of large LPD values relate well to PGA and PGV components of the parallel and normal to the fault strike. For the reverse slip earthquakes, distributions of LPD relate to ground motion components in all directions. Moreover, distributions of landslides in near fields of earthquakes are significantly affected by the focus parameters and fault scales.