mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Cost and Benefit Analysis of VSC-HVDC Schemes for Offshore Wind Power Transmission

Due to low load factors of wind power generation, it is possible to reduce transmission capacity to minimize the cost of transmission system construction. Two VSC-HVDC schemes for offshore wind farm, called the point to point (PTP) and DC mesh connections are compared in terms of the utilization of transmission system and its cost. A Weibull distribution is used for estimating offshore wind power generation, besides, the cross correlation between wind farms is considered. The wind energy curtailment is analyzed using the capacity output possibility table (COPT). The system power losses, costs of transmission investment and wind energy curtailment are also computed. A statistic model for the wind generation and transmission is built and simulated in MATLAB to validate the study. It is concluded that a DC mesh transmission can reduce the energy curtailment and power losses. Further benefit is achievable as the wind cross correlation between wind farms decreases.
淮南某电厂燃煤产物中多环芳烃的分布特征及评价

火力发电燃烧产生的各种排放物是大气污染的主要污染源,多环芳烃属于其中一种. 本文采集淮南洛河电厂炉前煤、飞灰和底灰,分析PAHs 在其中的分布和赋存特征,为研究原煤利用过程中多环芳烃的生成、排放和污染控制提供依据.
肿瘤患者癌因性疲乏可控性影响因素的研究进展

癌因性疲乏(cancer-related fatigue,CRF)也称癌症相关性疲乏,是由于癌症及相关治疗引起患者长期紧张和痛苦而产生一系列主观感觉,如虚弱、活动无耐力、注意力不集中、动力或兴趣减少等,它的存在严重影响患者及其家属的身体、心理状况,家庭和社会功能,以及对生存质量的满意度。Prue等研究表明,在治疗期间和治疗后,CRF的发生率分别为39%~90%与19%~38%。CRF是癌症病程中一个常见却容易被忽视的症状。随着对癌症患者生活质量研究的不断进展,CRF也越来越受到关注。本文将CRF影响因素分为不可控性影响因素和可控性影响因素,从CRF的可控性影响因素着手,从生物因素、心理因素、社会因素分析导致CRF发生的相对独立预测变量,对CRF可控性影响因素的有效干预措施进行归纳,为研究CRF的发生机制,探索系统有效的护理干预措施提供基础。
呼吸训练在非呼吸系统疾病中的应用现状及启示

呼吸训练(Respiratory Rehabilitation Training)也称调息、呼吸反馈,是受训者主动按照一定的呼吸模式(如频率、深度、呼气/吸气时间比、胸式/腹式等)进行的训练。1938年美国的Soley等提出腹式呼吸训练治疗的概念,迄今呼吸训练已被广泛应用于治疗和预防呼吸系统疾病中,如慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)和胸部手术患者身上。呼吸训练可以通过影响神经、循环、消化等系统的功能,达到对生理的调节作用,改善全身的健康状况。它可操作性强,无需额外开支,易被患者接受。有研究者曾对2000多例慢性病患者追踪研究了10年,发现腹式呼吸训练对多种疾病,如癔病、胃肠炎、心脏病、哮喘、肾病、子宫肌瘤、子宫下垂、脓肿、痔疮等都有显著的疗效。事实上,研究人员早已开展呼吸训练对非呼吸系统疾病的疗效研究,但其研究结果并没有引起临床医护人员的足够重视,也未在临床推广使用。为此,本文综述了呼吸训练在循环、神经、内分泌免疫、消化和泌尿系统等非呼吸系统疾病的应用研究现状,以期引起临床医护人员的重视,开展相关研究或在临床推广使用。
下背痛的中枢可塑性调控研究进展

下背痛（low back pain,LBP)是以背部疼痛为代表的一组症状群或症状综合征，LBP的病因复杂，临床就诊率高，其中非特异性LBP约占总数的85%,涵盖了腰肌劳损、肌纤维织炎、肌筋膜炎等急慢性腰部病变。据统计，成年人中约90%曾有过LBP的经历，50%经历复发性背痛，10%发展成慢性下背痛，并导致相应的残疾。多数非特异性LBP患者表现为脊柱稳定性和姿势控制能力的下降；在需要预先姿势调整（anticipatory postural adjustments，APA )的任务中，LBP患者的躯干肌群激活延迟、姿势控制受损。近年来的研究发现，LBP及其他慢性疼痛综合征均出现广泛的皮质功能重组，许多研究者也对中枢可塑性调控在LBP治疗中的作用进行了研究。本文对LBP的中枢可塑性调控的研究进展综述如下。
Positronium Decay in a Circular Polarized Laser Field

We calculate the lifetime of both the o-Ps and the p-Ps positronium annihilation decay Ps→γγ in the strong circular polarized laser field. We take a strategy of the factorization to separate the effects caused by the Coulomb interaction and the strong laser field interaction. It is factorized in the time direction but not in the space direction. Our results show that in the laser with long wavelength and high intensity, the lifetimes of those Ps states are dramatically increased. For CO_2 laser with 10 μm wavelength and 10~(13) W/cm~2 intensity, lifetime of the spin-single positronium is increased by 10~8 times. Our result is consistent with those obtained by solving the Schodinger equation. This effect may be useful for the high harmonic generation (HHG) effects provided with the Ps [Phys. Rev. Lett. 70 (1993) 774; Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 (2004) 013601].
Features of the carboniferous volcanic rocks fracture reservoirs in Hongshanzui oilfield, Junggar Basin

Based on comprehensive analysis of the drilling core, slice analysis, FMI image well logging and other well logging data, the features of the Carboniferous volcanic rocks fracture reservoirs in Hongshanzui (红山嘴) oilfield of Junggar Basin have been studied. According to contributing factor, the fracture reservoirs were divided into diagenetic fractures, tectonic fractures, weathered fractures and dissolving fractures. And the diagenetic fractures were further divided into three subclasses of condensation contraction fractures, intergravel fractures and intercrystal fractures. The fracture reservoirs were also divided into 4 categories, such as high-angle fractures, oblique fractures, mesh fractures and low-angle fractures according to fracture attitude. With the FMI image logging and other logging information, the scale logging by the core method was adopted, our study shows that the fracture of tuff was the most developed, and the fracture density can be reached 11.46 bar/m, followed by the lava, and the sedimentary rock fracture was the lowest level. The fractures thickness in the region of 300 m apart from weather crust was accounted for 80.3% of the total thickness. Because of image logging data is limited, the method of drilling wells trajectory to calculate the fracture trend was proposed. The fracture trend was divided into two groups NE and NW. The secondary pore-fracture forming and distribution were controlled by fracture system, formed the beneficial passage system of the oil and gas, the fracture system was the key factor in restricting oil and gas accumulation, and was crucial for the volcanic rocks reservoirs.
Geochemical Characteristics of the Source Rocks in Mesozoic Yanchang Formation,Central Ordos Basin

The shale of Yanchang Formation in Upper Triassic is the most important source rock for the Mesozoic petroleum reserviors in Ordos Basin. Chang 7 and Chang 4+5 members are the major source rock formation. Source rock samples, obtained from 22 cored wells in central Ordos Basin, were geochemically analyzed to determine the organic matter abundance, kerogen type and thermal maturity. Total organic carbon values ranged from 0.36% to 19.10%, 8.09% on average, indicating a good source rock potential. In this area, the shale is mature, as indicated by vitrinite reflectance values. Rock-Eval data revealed that the samples are dominated by type II kerogen. Compare the Chang 7 and Chang 4+5 members, which suggests that the Chang 7 shale has higher TOC,especially the highest lower Chang 7 members. The abundance of organic matter of Chang 4+5 and Chang 7 members is both richest in southeast basin. The kerogen type of Chang 4+5 and upper Chang 7 members is type II_1, the counterpart of middle and lower Chang 7 member is type I. During the burial history, the total hydrocarbon-generating quantity of Chang 7 member is much more than that of Chang 4+5 members.
Characteristics of the Upper Jurassic Marine Source Rocks and Prediction of Favorable Source Rock Kitchens in the Qiangtang Basin, Tibet

This study evaluated the hydrocarbon-bearing potential of Upper Jurassic marine source rocks in the Qiangtang (羌塘) Basin through a comprehensive organic geochemical analysis of the samples from a large number of outcrops in different structural units to predict the location of favorable hydrocarbon kitchens, based on the evaluation standards of Mesozoic marine source rocks in the Qiangtang Basin. Rocks’ depositional environment, thickness and organic geochemistry feature were analyzed in this study. The principal controlling factors of the occurrences of favorable source rocks were analyzed. Upper Jurassic Suowa (索瓦) Formation source rocks are mainly platform limestone in the Dongcuo(洞错)-Hulu(葫芦) Lake deep sag and Tupocuo(吐坡错)-Baitan(白滩) Lake deep sag. Lithologically, the Suowa Fromation is made up of a suite of marls in intra-platform sags, micrites and black shales, which were all deposited in the closed, deep and static water depositional environment. Marl could form hydrocarbon-rich source rocks and its organic matter type is mainly II type in mature to highly-mature stage, the limestone forms a medium-level source rock. In addition, the favorable source kitchen of limestone is larger than that of mudstone. This study provides an important reference for the evaluation of Jurassic marine source rocks and for prediction of petroleum resources in the Qiangtang Basin.
Evaluation of highly thermally mature shale-gas reservoirs in complex structural parts of the Sichuan Basin

Successful exploration and development of shale-gas in the United States and Canada suggest a new solution to the energy problem in China. The Longmaxi (龙马溪) Formation in the Sichuan (四川) Basin is regarded as a strong potential play for shale-gas with the following significant features: (1) complex structural types caused by multiphase tectonic superposition and reconstruction; (2) varied slippage processes that enhance porosity and permeability; (3) high thermal maturation of organic matter (Ro>2.5%); (4) high brittle mineral contents; (5) high and constant thicknesses of shale horizons within the formation. Evaluation of shale-gas prospects in this area should consider not only hydrocarbon parameters, but also preservation conditions and structural stability. Data from several new exploration wells in the Sichuan Basin indicate that tectonically induced net-shaped fractures effectively enhance shale reservoir properties. Structural types providing favorable storage conditions for shale-gas are described and evaluated. The high-yielding shale gas reservoir shares the same characteristics of conventional gas reservoirs except for its consubstantial source rock and reservoir in South China.
Development of Petroleum Geology in China:Discussion on Continuous Petroleum Accumulation

Petroleum exploration targets are extending gradually from the single conventional trap reservoirs to the large-scale unconventional continuous accumulations. Oil and gas reservoirs have been divided into two types based on the trapping mechanism and distribution of oil and gas: conventional single-trap reservoirs, such as the Daqing oil field in Songliao Basin and the Kela-2 gas field in Tarim Basin; and unconventional continuous petroleum accumulation, such as Upper Paleozoic tight gas and Mesozoic tight oil in Ordos Basin, and Upper Triassic tight gas in Sichuan Basin. Two typical geologic characteristics of continuous petroleum accumulation involve:(1) coexisting source and reservoir, petroleum pervasive throughout a large area tight reservoirs, and no obvious traps or well-defined water-oil and gas contracts;(2) non-buoyancy accumulation, continuous petroleum charge, and no significant influence by buoyancy. Continuous petroleum accumulation generally have nm-scale pore throats, and the diameters range of 10–500 nm. The geometry and connectivity of these pore throats has significant impact on the migration and distribution of oil and gas in continuous petroleum accumulation. China has numerous continuous petroleum accumulation containing various petroleum deposits, and the exploration of continuous resources is very promising. Unconventional petroleum geology will become an important new subject in petroleum geology in future, and the nano-technology will function greatly on research, exploration and development of the hydrocarbon accumulation in nano-pore-throats.
TEM investigations of South Atlantic Ridge 13.2°S hydrothermal area

According to the exploration contract about polymetallic sulfides in the SWIR (Southwest Indian Ridge) signed by China with the International Seabed Authority, to delineate sulfide minerals and estimate resource quantity are urgent tasks. We independently developed our first coincident loop Transient Electromagnetic Method (TEM) device in 2010, and gained the TEM data for seafloor sulfide at South Atlantic Ridge 13.2°S in June 2011. In contrast with the widely applied CSEM (Marine controlled-source electromagnetic) method, whose goal is to explore hydrocarbons (oil/gas) of higher resistivity than seawater from 102 to 103 m below the sea floor, the TEM is for low resistivity minerals, and the target depth is from 0 to 100 m below the sea floor. Based on the development of complex sulfide geoelectrial models, this paper analyzed the TEM data obtained, proposing a new method for seafloor sulfide detection. We present the preliminary trial results, in the form of apparent resistivity sections for both half-space and full-space conditions. The results cor-respond well with the observations of the actual hydrothermal vent area, and the detection depth reached 50-100m below the bed, which verified the capability of the equipment.
甬优12号小麦茬机插高产栽培技术

利用甬优12号进行小麦茬口机插示范,在67.8 hm~2面积上实现单产10.79 t/hm~2。对该组合机插经济效益、农艺性状、产量构成因素等进行了介绍,提出了小麦茬甬优12号机插高产栽培技术。
两系杂交早稻新组合株两优22制种技术

株两优22是中国水稻研究所利用株洲市农业科学研究所选育的株1S与自选的恢复系中早22配组育成的籼型两系杂交早稻新组合,2012年通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定(国审稻2012016),适宜在长江中下游作双季早稻种植。介绍了该组合亲本特征特性及制种技术。
丁硼乳膏行口腔护理对预防血液透析患者肺部感染的效果观察

目的观察使用丁硼乳膏行口腔护理对预防维持血液透析患者发生肺部感染的效果。方法对符合纳入标准的维持血液透析患者进行研究,将纳入对象随机分为对照组和观察组,两组各28例。对照组进常规口腔护理,观察组使用丁硼乳膏涂在牙刷上刷牙,1 g/次,在口中滞留3 ~5 min后清水嗽口,每天早晚各执行1次。每1个月进行定期随访,共观察6个月。记录两组首次干预后对口腔护理的舒适感主观评价和随访期间肺部感染的发生情况。结果随访期间共10例患者先后出现脱落,均因就诊地点改变无法复诊,其中常规口腔护理组脱落8例、丁硼乳膏口腔护理组脱落2例。两组患者在首次干预后对口腔护理的舒适度主观评分差异无统计学意义(P>0. 05)。与常规口腔护理组比较,丁硼乳膏口腔护理组肺部感染发生率减少,且差异有统计学意义(P< 0.05)。结论相对于传统的生理盐水口腔护理,丁硼乳膏口腔护理具有同样的舒适度,且能减少血液透析患者肺部感染的发生率。
原发性痛经相关因素与治疗的研究进展

临床上,青年女性每逢经期,原发性痛经(primary dysmenorrhea, PD)较为常见,为功能性痛经。疼痛多表现为逐步或迅速加剧,历时数小时至2 ~3 d不等,呈痉挛性或是钝性疼痛,可放射至腰骶部或大腿内侧。有些患者伴有腰背酸痛、小腹或肛门坠胀感、恶心呕吐、冷汗淋漓、腹泻、头痛及乏力,严重者甚至会出现晕厥,严重影响女性的生活和工作质量。调查显示在我国痛经女性占33. 19%,其中青春期PD经占75%。2011年一组数据表明,在1 201名女大学生中痛经的发生率高达83.77%。因此,了解PD的相关因素显得尤为重要,以下笔者就近年来关于PD的相关因素作一综述。
高分辨率食管测压在儿童消化系统疾病中的应用进展

高分辨率测压(HRM)目前是评估食管动力性疾病的权威检测技术,被广泛应用于成人食管动力相关疾病的临床诊断、治疗和科研工作。儿童处于快速生长发育阶段,其食管长度、宽度及功能与成人间的差异可能引起HRM结果的改变,芝加哥食管测压标准不断更新迭代,HRM应用的相关研究也层出不穷,本文综述HRM在儿童消化系统疾病中的应用及进展,为临床诊断和治疗方法的选择提供参考。
内镜黏膜下挖除术治疗直肠子宫内膜异位症1例

肠道子宫内膜异位症主要累及直肠和乙状结肠,针对有明显症状的肠道子宫内膜异位症患者,需综合考虑病灶位置、浸润深度、大小等病变特点以及患者个人意愿制定个体化治疗方案,手术治疗的目的是尽可能完整地切除病灶同时保留器官的功能。本例患者采用内镜黏膜下挖除术治疗直肠子宫内膜异位症,疗效确切,为直肠子宫内膜异位症的治疗提供了新思路。
A boundary layer model for capture of inclusions by steel-slag interface in a turbulent flow

A boundary layer model was developed to predict the capture of inclusions by steel-slag interface in a turbulent fluid flow, which is based on the detailed analysis of inclusion trajectories. The effective boundary layer for inclusion removal was proposed by a statistical method. It is noticed that the capture of inclusions by steel-slag interface is not only dependent on the diameter of inclusions but also related to the local turbulent conditions. In high turbulent flow fields, the transport of inclusions is mainly dominated by the turbulent flow, and thus, the effective boundary layer thickness is mainly affected by the level of turbulent kinetic energy and is almost independent of the inclusion diameter. The inertia of inclusions gradually takes over the stochastic effect of turbulent flow, and the effect of inclusion diameter on effective boundary layer thickness becomes more noticeable with the decrease in the level of turbulent kinetic energy. Besides, the effective boundary layer thickness is more susceptible to the inclusion diameter for larger inclusions due to its greater inertia under the same turbulent condition while it principally depends on the level of turbulent kinetic energy for smaller inclusions. As the characteristic velocity increases, the time for inclusions transport and interaction with steel-slag interface decreases, and thus, the effective boundary layer thickness decreases. Moreover, the graphical user interface was developed by using the cubic spline interpolation for ease of coupling the current boundary layer model with the macro-scale model of the a turbulent fluid flow in the metallurgical vessel.
Vibration characteristics of sandwich plates with an auxetic honeycomb core and laminated three-phase skin layers under blast load

In this article, vibration characteristics of sandwich plates with an auxetic honeycomb core and laminated three-phase skin layers subjected to blast load are studied. Higher-order ES-MITC3 element based on higher-order shear deformation theory (HSDT) to achieve the governing equations. The sandwich plates with the ultra-light feature of the auxetic honeycomb core layer (negative Poisson's ratio) and reinforced by two laminated three-phase skin layers. The obtained results in our work are compared with other previously published to confirm accuracy and reliability. In addition, the effects of parameters such as geometrical and material parameters on the vibration characteristics of sandwich plates with an auxetic honeycomb core and laminated three-phase skin layers are fully investigated.
Thermally responsive ionic transport system reinforced by aligned functional carbon nanotubes backbone

Ion transport plays an important role in energy conversion,biosensors,and a variety of biological processes.Carbon nanotubes,especially for the carbon nanotubes arrays with controlled vertically aligned structures,have displayed great potential as a promising material for regulating ion transport behaviors in the applications of the nanofluidic devices and osmotic energy conversion.Herein,we demonstrate the thermo-controlled ion transport system through the vertically aligned multiwall carbon nanotubes arrays membrane modified by the thermo-responsive hydrogel in a simple and reliable way.The functional carbon nanotubes backbone with the inherent surface charge and interstitial channels structure renders the system improved ion transport behaviors and well controlled switching property by thermo.Based on the integrated properties,the energy output from osmotic power in this system could be regulated by the reversible temperature switches.Moreover,it can realize a higher osmotic energy conversion property regulated by the thermos,which may extend the practical application in the future.The system that combines intelligent response with controlled ion transport behaviors and potential osmotic energy utilizations presents a valuable paradigm for the use of carbon nanotubes and hydrogel composite materials and provides a promising way for applications of nanofluidic devices.
Electrochemical analysis of microRNAs with hybridization chain reaction-based triple signal amplification

Selective and sensitive detection of trace microRNA is important for early diagnosis of diseases due to its expression level related to diseases.Herein,a triple signal amplification strategy is developed for trace microRNA-21 (miRNA-21) detection by combining with target-triggered cyclic strand displacement reaction (TCSDR),hybridization chain reaction (HCR) and enzyme catalytic amplification.Four DNA hairpins (H1,H2,H3,H4) are employed to form an ultralong double-strand DNA (dsDNA) structure,which is initiated by target miRNA-21.As H3 and H4 are labeled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP),numerous HRPs are loaded on the long dsDNA,producing significantly enhanced electrocatalytic signals in the hydrogen peroxide (H_2O_2) and 3,3 ',5,5 '-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) reaction strategy.Compared with single signal amplification,the triple signal amplification strategy shows higher electrochemical response,wider dynamic range and lower detection limit for miRNA-21 detection with excellent selectivity,reproducibility and stability.Taking advantage of the triple signal amplification strategy,the proposed electrochemical biosensor can detect miRNA-21 in 10 HeLa cell lysates,suggesting that it is a promising method for fruitful assay in clinical diagnosis.
Interfacial engineering of CdS for efficient coupling photoredox

Ternary composites of reduced graphene oxide (GR)-CdS-Pd have been successfully synthesized via solvothermal and photodeposition methods for photocatalytic selective conversion of benzyl alcohol (BA) coupled with hydrogen (H 2) production,which exhibit significantly improved photoactivity and selectivity than bare CdS.Mechanistic studies unveil that the cooperative effect of the close interface contact and matched energy level alignment between electrical conducting GR nanosheets (NSs) and CdS nanoparticles (NPs) in GR-CdS-Pd composite not only benefits the separation and transfer of photogenerated carriers but also improves the photocorrosion resistance of CdS.The photodeposited Pd NPs further promote the photogenerated charge separation and accelerate the formation of intermediate products (α-hydroxybenzyl radicals),thereby contributing to enhanced conversion of BA.This work would facilitate the rational design of GR as cocatalyst to construct an efficient and stable CdS-based composite photocatalyst for cooperative coupling of fine chemical synthesis and H_2 evolution.
Ultrathin two-dimensional porphyrinic metal-organic framework nanosheets induced by the axial aryl substituent

Ultrathin two-dimensional metal-organic framework nanosheets have emerged as a promising kind of heterogeneous catalysts.Herein,we report a new kind of 2D porphyrinic metal-organic framework nanosheets of Rh2-PCN-222,which was prepared from the self-assembly of the metalloporphyrin ligand Rh(TCPP)(DCB) (TCPP = 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-methoxycarbonylphenyl)porphyrin;DCB = 3,4dichlorobenzene) and ZrCl_4 in the presence of two kinds of monocarboxylic acids as the modulating reagent.The thickness of Rh2-PCN-222 nanosheets was characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and determined to be 5.4-9.6 nm.It was found that the axial aryl dichlorophenyl substituent,which controlled the anisotropic growth of MOFs,was essential for the formation of nanosheets.Catalytic results showed that Rh2-PCN-222 nanosheets were efficient for CO_2 transformation.
Targeting self-enhanced ROS-responsive artesunatum prodrug nanoassembly potentiates gemcitabine activity by down-regulating CDA expression in cervical cancer

Prodrug self-delivery carriers with targeting that specifically responded to tumor microenvironments have good potential to improve the application dilemma of approved clinical therapeutic drugs (systemic distribution and side effects).It's noted the conversion of gemcitabine (GEM) to inactive ingredients under the action of cytidine deaminase (CDA) during metabolism in vivo limits its clinical effect.A high level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) results in a high level of oxidative stress in tumor cells,which changes the expression of CDA and optimizes the metabolism of GEM in vivo and overcome drug resistance.In this study,the ROS responsive and ROS self-supplied prodrug of artemisia (ART)-thioacetal bond (TK)GEM was synthesized and self-vectors based on ART-TK-GEM (TK@FA NPs) was prepared by using nano precipitation.ROS responsive characteristics ensure specific release of prodrugs in tumor cells with high level of ROS thereby reducing side effects on normal cells and tissues.The endogenous ROS and newly generated ROS by ART can reduce the expression of CDA and optimizes the metabolism of GEM,and the accumulated ROS can also induce apoptosis of tumor cells,realizing synergistic anti-tumor effect of chemical drugs and traditional Chinese medicines.This paper proposes a simple method by using clinically approved drugs to improve the insufficient effect of existing chemotherapy and overcome resistance,which has potential to appropriately shorten the drug development cycle and accelerate the clinical investigation of drugs.