mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Design of precision acquisition system for precision power supply of photon source

Purpose Photon source has developed to the fourth generation. The requirements for beam stability and power supply output current stability have been greatly improved. In this paper, a precision acquisition system is designed for improving the stability for power supply output current. Method The acquisition system consists of two parts, the analog to digital converter (ADC) system and the temperature control system. The composition and software simulation analysis are given in this paper. Results A prototype is made and tested. The test results showed that the acquisition system has an effective resolution of 15.5 bits, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 98 dB, and integral nonlinearity (INL) of 86 ppm. The internal temperature stable range is ±0.06 °C. Conclusions The acquisition system can fully meet the requirements of the developed photon source.
Distribution of Panama's narrow-range trees: are there hot-spots?

Background: Tree species with narrow ranges are a conservation concern because heightened extinction risk accompanies their small populations. Assessing risks for these species is challenging, however, especially in tropical flora where their sparse populations seldom appear in traditional plots and inventories. Here, we utilize instead large scale databases that combine tree records from many sources to test whether the narrow-range tree species of Panama are concentrated at certain elevations or in certain provinces. Past investigations have suggested that the Choco region of eastern Panama and the high mountains of western Panama may be potential hotspots of narrow-range tree species. Methods: All individual records were collected from public databases, and the range size of each tree species found in Panama was estimated as a polygon enclosing all its locations. Species with ranges & 20, 000 km~2 were defined as narrow endemics. We divided Panama into geographic regions and elevation zones and counted the number of individual records and the species richness in each, separating narrow-range species from all other species. Results: The proportion of narrow endemics peaked at elevations above 2000 m, reaching 17.2% of the species recorded. At elevation & 1500 m across the country, the proportion was 6-11%, except in the dry Pacific region, where it was 1.5%. Wet forests of the Caribbean coast had 8.4% narrow-range species, slightly higher than other regions. The total number of narrow endemics, however, peaked at mid-elevation, not high elevation, because total species richness was highest at mid-elevation. Conclusions: High elevation forests of west Panama had higher proportions of narrow endemic trees than low-elevation regions, supporting their hot-spot status, while dry lowland forests had the lowest proportion. This supports the notion that montane forests of Central America should be a conservation focus. However, given generally higher diversity at low- to mid-elevation, lowlands are also important habitats for narrow-range tree species, though conservation efforts here may not protect narrow-range tree species as efficiently.
Effects of harvest intensity on the marketable organ yield, growth and reproduction of non-timber forest products (NTFPs): implication for conservation and sustainable utilization of NTFPs

Background: Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) are an important part of forest biodiversity, and the subsistence and trade of local people, especially in less developed countries. Because of the high ecological and economic value, NTFPs have faced the problem of over-exploitation, and the key to solve this problem is to determine the feasible way of sustainable utilization of NTFPs. Harvest intensity is one of the most important and easily controlled utilization factors, which can greatly influence the plant individual survival, growth and reproductive performances, and even the population structure and dynamics. Therefore, we chose two common and important NTFPs species with different marketable parts (i.e., Acanthopanax senticosus with tender leaves and Aralia elata with tender buds) as our study objects. Aiming to determine the optimum harvest intensity for sustainably utilizing both NTFPs species, five levels of harvest intensity treatments (i.e., control, light, medium, high and severe) were designed to assess the effects of harvest intensity on their marketable organ yield, plant growth and reproductive performances. Results: The biomass growth rates of marketable organ and plant growth of A. senticosus under light harvest intensity treatment were significantly higher than those under other harvest intensities. The plant height growth and 1000-seed weight of A. elata under severe harvest intensity treatment were significantly lower than those under control treatment. Conclusions: The light harvest intensity with 25% leaf removal and the high harvest intensity with all terminal buds harvested are the optimum harvest intensity to maintain the sustainable utilization of A. senticosus and A. elata, respectively. These findings could provide managers with basic but practical guidance for making decisions about the sustainable harvest management plan for the cultivated NTFPs species, and further provide a theoretical basis for managers to establish the harvest regulations for wild NTFPs species. Consequently, the local residents or communities can improve their income while ensure the sustainable development of wild NTFPs.
Spatial optimization of soil and water conservation practices using coupled SWAT model and evolutionary algorithm

Soil and water conservation practices have been extensively used in effective watershed management. The impact of each conservation practice is site specific and dependent on the implementation site in the watershed. In order to select cost effective placement of conservation practices with high impact, a large number of spatial combinations is needed to be compared. In this study, an optimization model framework is presented to find cost effective solutions for sediment yield and runoff control in the Fariman dam watershed in the Northeast of Iran. This was accomplished by integrating soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) for simulation of watershed hydrology and multi objective genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) for spatial optimization of soil and water conservation practices. The optimized solutions provided a trade-off between the two objective functions. The final Pareto-optimal shows that the impact of soil and water conservation practices on sediment yield is more than stream flow. The trade-offs between the objective functions show that the implementation of the median cost can lead to a significant decrease of 22.1% in the amount of sediment yield, and 10% in stream flow. Also, percent change achieved through median cost is very close to percent reduction with the highest cost. Results of low cost solution show that the vegetative practices are a suitable economic scenario for soil and water conservation. The introduced framework can be adapted as a suitable tool for selecting cost effective conservation practices in different regions.
人工智能助力头颈部疾病精准诊疗

影像组学和深度学习等人工智能方法已在头颈部疾病筛查、诊断与鉴别诊断、分期分级、疗效评估与预测以及预后预测等方面显示出明显的优势,为个性化精准诊疗提供了关键信息和依据,提升了诊疗效果。与此同时,人工智能在头颈部疾病应用方面也面临巨大挑战,只有以患者为中心和解决临床问题为原则设计好人工智能研究方案,充分发挥多学科交叉的优势,做好产学研成果转化,人工智能才能在临床上真正发挥作用,才能真正实现源于临床、走进临床和高于临床的目标,才能真正推进人工智能的健康发展,更好地造福患者。
双肺多发结节团块影合并右侧肾周混杂密度影

患者为34岁女性,有糖尿病病史6年,血糖控制不佳,以快速进展的呼吸衰竭、腰痛及发热为主要表现,影像学可见双肺多发随机分布的结节团块影合并右侧肾周混杂密度影,外周血培养、支气管肺泡灌洗液及肾周脓肿引流液二代测序结果均回报肺炎克雷伯菌,经肾周脓肿穿刺引流、积极抗感染、控制血糖等治疗后病情好转,复查胸部CT可见结节团块影吸收,遗留多发空洞,肾周脓肿减少。播散性肺炎克雷伯菌致死率高,肺部及肾脏的影像判读可帮助诊断,监测疗效。
Inexpensive and combined technique:Use of suction tracheal catheter and hydrogen peroxide for the evacuation of intravesical clots

Persistent hematuria could trigger urinary retention,leading the patient to the emergency department for abdominal pain,decreased urinary output,anemia,and azotemia.Conventional bladder clot evacuation requires a three-way catheter with continuous irrigation and aspiration with a syringe or Ellik evacuator [3].Sometimes a large and well-organized hematoma requires an open cystostomy.We want to introduce a combined method using hydrogen peroxide as well as suction technique with an endotracheal catheter to evacuate intravesical clots.
Mini versus ultra-mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy in a paediatric population

Objective:To evaluate whether there would be a difference in outcome when the smaller ultra-mini 12 Fr sheath was used instead of the mini 16 Fr sheath for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in paediatric patients for stones less than 25 mm.Methods:This was a prospective cohort study of patients who underwent PCNL in our hospital in a 2-year period from July 2016 to June 2018 by a single surgeon.PCNL was performed in a prone position and tract was dilated to the respective size using single step dilatation.Laser was used to fragment the stone.Stone-free outcome was defined as absence of stone fragment at 3 months on kidney,ureter,and bladder X-ray.Results:There were 40 patients in each group.Mean stone size was comparable between the two groups (14.5 mm vs.15.0 mm).The procedure was completed faster in the 16 Fr group compared to 12 Fr group (24.5 min vs.34.6 min).Stone clearance was highly successful in both groups (97.5% vs.95.0%).There was no difference in complications between the two groups.The decrease in hemoglobin was minimal in both groups (0.2 g/dL vs.0.3 g/dL).Conclusion:We found that the success rates were similar in both mini PCNL and the smaller ultra-mini PCNL groups.No significant difference in bleeding was noted in our pilot study,however,operative time was longer in the ultra-mini group as compared to the mini sheath group.
Associations of Prepregnancy Body Mass Index,Gestational Weight Gain,and Intelligence in Offspring:A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objective:Increasing evidences have shown that prepregnancy maternal weight and gestational weight gain (GWG) may associate with offspring's neurodevelopment.However,the effects of prepregnancy maternal overweight,obesity,and excessive GWG on offspring's intelligence remain controversial.This meta-analysis aimed to re-assess the association between prepregnancy body mass index (BMI),GWG,and children's intelligence.Methods:We systematically searched multiple databases,including PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,and Ovid Medline,from their inception through February 2021.Studies assessing the association between prepregnancy BMI or GWG and children's intelligence were further screened manually before final inclusion.Cohorts that analyzed the association between prepregnancy BMI or GWG and intelligence of offspring were included,and we used the Mantel-Haenszel fixed-effects method to compute the weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of each study.Results:A total of 12 articles were included in this systematic review,while six of them in the meta-analysis.There was a significant full-scale IQ reduction in children born from overweight and obese mothers,with WMDs of -3.08 (95% CI:-4.02,-2.14) and -4.91 (95% CI:-6.40,-3.42),respectively.Compared with control group,the WMDs for performance and verbal intelligence quotient (IQ) were decreased in overweight and obesity groups.However,we observed no association between children's full-scale IQ and excessive GWG with WMD of -0.14 (95% CI:-0.92,0.65).Conclusions:Women's prepregnancy overweight and obesity adversely associate with children's intelligence but no association with excessive GWG.Our study suggests that further researches focusing on the effect of prepregnancy maternal health on offspring's intelligence development are needed.
Evaluation of fatigue and rutting properties of asphalt binderandmasticmodifiedbysynthesizedpolyurethane

Fatigue and rutting phenomena are major distresses in asphalt pavements. Asphalt mixture properties are highly dependent upon the asphalt binder and the mastic behavior. The purpose of this study was to investigate the behavior of the asphalt binder and the mastic, modified by the synthesized polyurethane, at high and intermediate temperatures. The filler/asphalt binder ratio (by weight) was 1.0. The dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) was used to measure fatigue (G*sin δ) and rutting (G*/sin δ) parameters. In this study, the multiple stress creepandrecovery (MSCR) testwasalso utilizedto calculate the ruttingpotential of theasphalt binder and themastic. Parameters of the non-recoverable compliance (Jnr) and the percentage recovery (%) were evaluated at high temperatures. The obtained results indicated that the synthesizedpolyurethaneimproved the ruttingandfatigue properties.Therewasa significant correlation between the asphalt binder and the mastic in terms of the complex modulus (R~2=0.9958), rutting (R~2=0.9944), and the non-recoverable compliance (R~2=0.9707). For the fatigue parameter (R~2=0.9852), the complex modulus (R~2=0.9855), and the phase angle (R~2=0.8262), significant relationships were observed between the asphalt binder and mastic samples at intermediate temperatures. Overall, the chemical reaction between the filler and the asphalt binder could be effective in different behaviors of the mastic and asphalt binder. Therewasa 112%-164%increase in theG*sin δ parameter formastics,compared to that of the asphalt binder. The complex modulus was 6 times higher by adding the filler content.
Variable elliptical vibrating screen: Particles kinematics and industrial application

Traditional vibrating screen usually adopts the linear centralized excitation mode, which causes the difficulty in particles loosening and low screening efficiency. The variable elliptical vibrating screen (VEVS) trajectory is regulated to adapt the material mass along the direction of the screen length, improving the particles distribution as well as the screening efficiency. In this work, a theoretical model was developed for analyzing the screen surface motion law during VEVS-based screening process. An equation was obtained to show the relationship between the horizontal amplitude and the vertical amplitude. The materials kinetic characteristics were studied by using high-speed camera during screening process. Compared with equal-amplitude screen (EAS), the material moving velocity was increased by 13.03% on the first half but decreased by 3.52% on the second half, and the total screening time was reduced by 9.42% by using VEVS. In addition,-6 mm screening test was carried out. At the length of VEVS equaled to 1.2 m, the screening efficiency and the total misplaced material content were 92.50% and 2.90%, respectively. However, the screening efficiency was 89.91% and the total misplaced material content was 3.76% during EAS-based screening process. Furthermore, when external moisture is 5.96%, the screening efficiency of VEVS could reach 86.95%. The 2TKB50113 type VEVS with double-layered screen surface used in Huoshizui Coal Mine was 5.0 m in width and 11.3 m in length. The areas of single layer and double layer were 56.5 and 113 m~2, respectively. In industrial production, the processing capacity was 2500-3000 t/h and the screening efficiency was larger than 90%.
Mo supported on natural rectorite catalyst for slurry-phase hydrocracking of vacuum residue:An effect of calcination

In order to develop high-efficiency and low-cost catalyst for the slurry-phase hydrocracking of vacuum residue (VR),the catalyst supported on natural rectorite was prepared,and the effect of calcination modification of rectorite on the catalyst properties and performance was investigated.The support of rectorite and catalyst were characterized by XRD,FTIR,Py-FTIR,H_2-TPR and XPS to examine their structures and properties.The comparative reaction results show that VR conversions for the catalysts supported on calcined rectorite were similar with that on raw rectorite,possibly due to the VR cracking reaction controlled by the thermal cracking following free radical mechanism because of few acid sites observed on the catalysts surface.However,the yields of naphtha and middle distillates for the various catalysts were obviously different,and increased following as Rec-Mo (40.4 wt%)
Insight into mineral flotation fundamentals through the DFT method

Flotation is a complex process that occurs in solid-liquid-gas multiphase systems, and its main factors include the minerals, separation medium, as well as various flotation reagents. The study of mineral properties and interactions with other components such as reagents and water lays the basic theoretical foundation for flotation. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations can qualitatively evaluate the exchange of matter and energy between the mineral system and the surroundings and quantitatively characterize these behaviors, which greatly expands the breadth and depth of flotation studies. This review systematically summarizes the advances of flotation research based on DFT studies, including the study of mineral crystal chemistry represented by the theory of lattice defects, mineral surface hydration such as hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, surface regulation mechanism, and collecting mechanism based on surface adsorption theory. More significantly, it systematically elaborates different types of collectors according to their characteristics and emphatically explains the mechanism of some typical collectors in detail.
High molecular weight guar gum assisted settling of fine solids in diluted bitumen:Effect of solvents

As water-based extraction technologies for producing bitumen from oil sands have received increasing environmental concerns,developing non-aqueous extraction (NAE) technique is of both fundamental and practical importance.However,the relatively high concentration of fine solids trapped in the extracted bitumen presents an obstacle for pipeline transport as well as upgrading and refining downstream.This research attempts to provide a solution to fine solids removal without using synthetic additives or affecting bitumen recovery from NAE process.Herein,naturally hydrophilic additives (i.e.,water and high molecular weight guar gum (HGG) produced from Cyamopsiste tragonolobuosr L.Taup.) were introduced to promote the settling of fine solids suspended in bitumen-solvent solution,and the effects of solvents (i.e.,toluene,cyclohexane and their mixtures) were systematically investigated.Aggregate size distribution analyzed by the focused beam reflectance measurements confirmed that the addition of water and HGG could promote the agglomeration and settling of fine solids in all solvents studied.However,the size range and quantity of the agglomerates vary significantly with the solvent's aromatic character.Solvent mixtures demonstrate a superior performance on removing fine solids from bitumen over single solvent.Specifically,in a 3:2 toluene/cyclohexane mixture,the solid content was lowered from 0.66 wt% to 0.09 wt%.
Denting Nanospheres with a Short Peptide

Dented nanospheres show promising potential in drug delivery, nanomotors, etc. However, it is still challenging to prepare them by homopolymer self-assembly because of the strict structural requirements of the homopolymer. Herein, we propose a strategy for preparing dented nanospheres from homopolymers by co-assembly with a short peptide. They were co-assembled from poly(2-hydroxy-3-((4- (ethoxycarbonyl)phenyl)amino)propyl methacrylate) (PHBzoMA_(59)) and (S)-2-((S)-2-((((9H-fluoren-9-yl)methoxy)carbonyl)amino)-3-phenylpropanamido)- 3-phenylpropanoic acid (Fmoc-FF-OH). PHBzoMA homopolymers can only self-assemble into nanospheres without dent, and the addition of a short peptide introduced hydrogen bonding and complementary π-π stacking interactions led to the final dented nanosphere morphology. The weight fractions of the short peptide can be adjusted to regulate the final morphology. It was confirmed that the radius of curvature of the dent on the surface was related to the organic bubble inside the protospheres prepared at critical aggregation concentration (CAC). The organic bubble can be adjusted by altering the kind of organic solvent and solution pH, which allowed control over the dented nanosphere dimension. The use of different organic solvents with various polarities allows adjustment of the interfacial tension, and hence the denting degree. This degree can also be controlled by manipulating the solution pH to (de)protonate the short peptide and homopolymer. Furthermore, the versatility of this method was highlighted by using a different homopolymer and the applicability of the resulting dented nanospheres was demonstrated by decoration with gold nanoparticles. Overall, this study provided important insights and a new simple strategy to prepare dented nanospheres in a controlled fashion.
骨关节炎与脂代谢紊乱关系

骨关节炎(osteoarthritis, OA)属于关节软骨退行性病变,代谢因素对OA的影响是目前研究热点,其中以脂代谢紊乱尤为突出。本文从脂代谢紊乱与OA发生发展的相关性,脂代谢紊乱导致OA的分子机制,纠正脂代谢紊乱治疗OA的研究结果,以及OA与脂代谢的相互影响等内容进行综述,为OA的预防、治疗等提供科学依据,展望未来研究方向。
经颈内动脉介入灌注尸体脑血管显影方法初探

初步建立经颈内动脉介入注射造影剂的尸体脑血管显影方法。经颈总动脉TERUMO 6F鞘管穿刺置入颈内动脉后,分别采取单侧和双侧动脉注入碘造影剂,经CT扫描获取脑部血管图像。单侧颈内动脉显影剂注射后,仅显示同侧大脑内动脉血管走行;双侧颈内动脉显影剂注射后,可获得较完整的脑血管影像。双侧颈内动脉介入方式注射造影剂可以获得较好的尸体脑血管造影效果。
腹腔镜胆总管切开取石联合术后胆道镜分步取石在肝尾状叶胆管结石中的应用

回顾性分析30例肝尾状叶胆管结石患者的临床资料,探讨腹腔镜胆总管切开取石(laparoscopic common bile duct exploration, LCBDE)联合术后胆道镜分步取石术的有效性及安全性。30例患者中27例完成腹腔镜手术,中转开腹3例,中转开腹率为10%(3/30),平均手术时间151 min (63~347 min),平均术中出血量60 ml (5~1 000 ml),术后住院时间(10.0±2.2)d,手术并发症发生率11.1%(3/27)。术后8周行胆道镜检查及取石,胆道镜取石次数(3.0±1.6)次,胆道镜并发症发生率7.4%(2/27),4例尾状叶胆管结石未取净,终末结石清除率85.2%(23/27)。术后随访24~48个月(中位35个月),27例均随访成功,其中1例因重症胆系感染于术后6个月死亡,余26例恢复顺利;23例取净结石患者中有2例分别于术后第24、36个月出现结石复发,2年结石复发率为4.3%(1/23)。本研究表明LCBDE联合术后胆道镜分步取石在合并肝尾状叶结石的肝胆管结石治疗中,手术创伤小,相关并发症发生率低,终末结石清除率高,术后复发率低,治疗效果优良,在临床上有一定的应用价值。
Atomically Dispersed Transition Metal-Nitrogen-Carbon Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysts for Zinc-Air Batteries:Recent Advances and Future Perspectives

Rechargeable zinc-air batteries (ZABs) are currently receiving extensive attention because of their extremely high theoretical specific energy density,low manufacturing costs,and environmental friendliness.Exploring bifunctional catalysts with high activity and stability to overcome sluggish kinetics of oxygen reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction is critical for the development of rechargeable ZABs.Atomically dispersed metal-nitrogen-carbon (M-N-C) catalysts possessing prominent advantages of high metal atom utilization and electrocatalytic activity are promising candidates to promote oxygen electrocatalysis.In this work,general principles for designing atomically dispersed M-N-C are reviewed.Then,strategies aiming at enhancing the bifunctional catalytic activity and stability are presented.Finally,the challenges and perspectives of M-N-C bifunctional oxygen catalysts for ZABs are outlined.It is expected that this review will provide insights into the targeted optimization of atomically dispersed M-N-C catalysts in rechargeable ZABs.