mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Woolly and overlapping leaves dampen temperature fluctuations in reproductive organ of an alpine Himalayan forb

Aims Studying the ecological significance of highly specialized morphological traits evolved by alpine plants could help us to understand the adaptation and evolution of these plants under severe alpine environment. We explored the adaptive significance of woolly and overlapping leaves for reproduction in Eriophyton wallichii, a perennial herb native to the subnival belt of the Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains. Methods We examined whether the trichomes could influence the leaf wettability, temperature and leaf reflectance spectra in the lab. And we investigated the thermal benefits of the woolly and overlapping leaves for flowers and fruits in the field. Pollen viability and seed germination were also examined in the lab to assess whether these leaves enhance reproductive fitness. Important Findings Our results showed that dense trichomes impart good water repellency, absorption of solar radiation and accumulation of leaf heat. The woolly and overlapping leaves increased the interior temperature of flowers and fruits to an optimal level on sunny hours, but prevented them from overheating when transient intense solar radiation occurs. This kept optimal temperatures in plants' reproductive organs, thus promoting the development of pollen and seed in alpine environment.
Biodiversity change in heathland and its relationships with shifting local fire regimes and native species expansion

Aims Understanding the relationships among disturbance, invasion and species change is essential for effective management of many systems. We investigated relationships among fire history, invasion by a native tree species, Allocasuarina huegeliana, and diversity change to understand the potential drivers of plant community alteration in a complex and biodiverse system. Methods We used plant species surveys from 1983 and 2011 to quantify species loss/gain and thence compositional changes. Additionally, we surveyed population densities of the invasive species and collated long-term fire history data for each site. General linear models and non-parametric models were used to assess the strength of relationships between the three variables of interest. Important Findings Within the last 30 years, ~11% of the plant species richness was lost from the reserve. At an individual site level, we found only a 4% average decrease in overall plant species richness, but large species losses and gains that imply considerable compositional shifts. Though such shifts might be expected over 30 years, many of the gained species were common, potentially opportunistic species, while those lost were often locally rare woody perennials. In addition, gained species tended to be expanding their recorded range westward suggesting that they may be responding to the regional drying climate. The relationship between invasion density and species loss was strong over all spatial scales. We identified a potential state change to dominance by the native invasive particularly as high densities prevented species gain at the site scale. In these extreme cases of high invasive density and high biodiversity loss, we argue that there may be a need to directly address the expanding native population.
Least energy solutions for semilinear Schrodinger equation with electromagnetic fields and critical growth

We study a class of semilinear Schrodinger equation with electromagnetic fields and the nonlinearity term involving critical growth. We assume that the potential of the equation includes a parameter λ and can be negative in some domain. Moreover, the potential behaves like potential well when the parameter λ is large. Using variational methods combining Nehari methods, we prove that the equation has a least energy solution which, as the parameter λ becomes large, localized near the bottom of the potential well. Our result is an extension of the corresponding result for the Schrodinger equation which involves critical growth but does not involve electromagnetic fields.
System level simulation of a micro resonant accelerometer with geometric nonlinear beams

Geometric nonlinear behaviors of micro resonators have attracted extensive attention of MEMS (microelectro- mechanical systems) researchers, and MEMS transducers utilizing these behaviors have been widely researched and used due to the advantages of essentially digital output. Currently, the design of transducers with nonlinear behaviors is mainly performed by numerical method and rarely by system level design method. In this paper, the geometric nonlinear beam structure was modeled and established as a reusable library component by system level modeling and simulation method MuPEN (multi port element network). A resonant accelerometer was constructed and simulated using this model together with MuPEN reusable library. The AC (alternating current) analysis results of MuPEN model agreed well with the results of architect model and the experiment results shown in the existing reference. Therefore, we are convinced that the beam component based on MuPEN method is valid, and MEMS system level design method and related libraries can effectively model and simulate transducers with geometric nonlinear behaviors if appropriate system level components are available.
Spatial Source Contributions Identification of Acid Rain over the Yangtze River Delta Using a Variety of Methods

The source-receptor relation of wet deposition has been a continuous issue in studies of regional environmental pollution over the past two decades. In the absence of direct observational evidence, the problem is difficult to solve--a topic of broad international debate since the turn of the present century. In the present study, a variety of methods focused on the sources of the wet deposition of acidic substances, like sulfate and nitrate, were used to investigate the precipitation chemistry over the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) during 2007. Back-trajectory analysis associated with the observation data and a source tracing method coupled with the Nested Air Quality Prediction Modeling System (NAQPMS) are proved to be effective methods for investigating the sources of wet deposition over the YRD. Comparison among the back-trajectory, footprint, and NAQPMS results shows good consistency, both qualitatively and quantitatively. The most important contributor to acidic substances in the YRD, as well as heavy acid rain over the region, is the anthropogenic pollution from East China, which accounts for more than 70%.
The Seasonal and Interannual Variation of Diurnal Precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau and Its Downstream Regions Observed by the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission

Using nine years of Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) 2A25 data, based on the probability density function of rainfall, a comparative analysis of the diurnal cycle and its seasonal and interannual variation for convective rain, stratiform rain, and total rain is made between the Tibetan Plateau and the downstream Yangtze River basin and East China Sea. The diurnal convective rain is stronger than the diurnal stratiform rain over the Yangtze River basin, and the convective rain peaks in the afternoon when the stratiform rain maximum happens in the early morning. Convective rain and stratiform rain both peak in the early morning over the East China Sea. The diurnal total rain over the Tibetan Plateau is stronger than its downstream regions. The diurnal cycle appears quite different among the four seasons over the Yangtze River basin, and the seasonal variation of diurnal convective rain is more apparent than diurnal stratiform rain. The seasonal variation of the diurnal cycle is weak over the East China Sea and Tibetan Plateau. The maximum of total rain happens in the afternoon during 1998-2002 over the Yangtze River basin, while it peaks in the early morning during 2003-2006, but no obvious phase differences can be found among years in the diurnal rain over the East China Sea and over the Tibetan Plateau.
An Idealized Numerical Study of the Effects of Uniform Zonal Winds on Tropical Cyclogenesis

The effect of uniform zonal winds on tropical cyclone (TC) genesis is examined on a beta plane using an idealized mesoscale model. The simulation results show that uniform easterly and westerly flows are both favorable for TC genesis. However, uniform easterly flows result in a faster TC genesis rate compared with uniform westerly flows. It is found that faster TC genesis is associated with greater surface heat fluxes and convection during the early stage. The superposition of uniform easterly flows and the beta effect results in greater surface heat fluxes and convection around the TC center compared with uniform westerly flows. Meanwhile, TC genesis is closely associated with the size and intensity of a mid-level circulation. The joint greater convection induced by the easterly flows and beta effect results in enhancement of the vertical temperature gradient, which is associated with the intensification of mid-level circulation. The strong and compact mid-level circulation is more favorable for efficient conversion of latent heat energy to the kinetic energy of the lower-level cyclonic winds. Thus, uniform easterly flows are more favorable for TC genesis than uniform westerly flows.
Revisiting Mid-Holocene Temperature over China Using PMIP3 Simulations

Using the simulations performed by 15 climate models under the latest protocol of the Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project (PMIP) Phase 3 (PMIP3), the authors revisited the annual and seasonal temperature changes over China during the mid-Holocene. Similar to the previous results produced by PMIP Phase 1 (PMIP1) and 2 (PMIP2) models, 14(15) of the 15 PMIP3 models reproduced colder annual (boreal winter and spring) temperature in response to mid-Holocene insolation changes, with an average cooling of 0.33 K (1.31 K and 1.58 K) over China. The mid-Holocene boreal summer (autumn) temperature increased in all (13) of the 15 PMIP3 models, with an average warming of 1.02 K (0.61 K) at the national scale. Those changes simulated by the PMIP3 models were similar to those from the PMIP2 simulations but generally weaker than those from the PMIP1 models. A considerable mismatch still existed between the simulated cooling by the PMIP3 models and the reconstructed warming for annual and winter temperatures over China during the mid-Holocene, as was also the case between the previous PMIP 1/2 simulations and proxy data.
Simulated Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Climate Change in China during the Han Dynasty (1-200 A.D.)

In this study, a 2000-year simulation forced by transient, external forcings is carried out with the Community Earth System Model. The authors investigate the spatiotemporal features of climate change in the Han Dynasty (1-200 A.D.) using the empirical orthogonal function (EOF) method. The leading EOF mode of the annual mean temperature anomalies shows a uniform variation of temperature over the whole of China, while the second EOF mode indicates opposite variations of temperature between western and eastern China. For the annual mean precipitation anomalies, the first EOF mode indicates a meridional dipole pattern over eastern China, with increased (decreased) precipitation to the south of the Yangtze River and decreased (increased) precipitation to the north. The leading mode of the 850 hPa winds and sea level pressure in summer exhibits a southwesterly (northeasterly) anomaly over South China, which is associated with a strengthened (reduced) meridional sea level pressure gradient. Compared to reconstructions, the model can capture the majority of features of climate changes in the Han Dynasty, though it underestimates the magnitude.
Contrasting Impacts of South and North Tropical Indian Ocean Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies on East Asian Summer Climate

Using observational data and model simulations, the author find that the North Indian Ocean (NIO) sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies can trigger an eastward atmospheric Kelvin wave propagating into the equatorial western Pacific, inducing an anomalous anticyclone over the subtropical Northwest Pacific (NWP) and resulting in prominent summer climate anomalies in the East Asia-Northwest Pacific (EANWP) region. However, the response of tropospheric temperatures and atmospheric Kelvin waves to the South Indian Ocean (SIO) SST anomalies is weak; as a result, the impact of the SIO SST anomalies on the EANWP summer climate is weak. The contrasting impacts of NIO and SIO SST anomalies on the EANWP summer climate is possibly due to the different mean state of SSTs in the two regions. In summer, the climatological SSTs in the NIO are higher than in the SIO, leading to a stronger response of atmospheric convection to the NIO SST anomalies than to the SIO SST anomalies. Thus, compared with the SIO SST anomalies, the NIO SST anomalies can lead to stronger tropospheric air temperature anomalies and atmospheric Kelvin waves to affect the EANWP summer climate.
A Stereo Matching Algorithm Based on Four-Moded Census and Relative Confidence Plane Fitting

A four-moded Census transform stereo matching algorithm using bidirectional constraint dynamic programming and relative confidence plane fitting is proposed to solve the problems of matching quality. Using the four-moded Census transform which adds a restrictive condition replaces traditional Census transform to improve matching accuracy and mean value of all pixels intensity replaces the center pixel intensity in the Census window to solve the problem of the center pixel distortion effectively, a refined initial local matching cost can be obtained. During the disparity optimization, the difficulty of disparity computation in textureless areas is overcome by the estimated condition and defined relative confident pixels. Experiment results show that a better dense matching map can be obtained by the proposed algorithm.
Visual Data Driven Approach for Metric Localization in Substation

To localize inspection robot in an in-service substation costs much. How to discriminate its location among highly similar scenes is the main problem of localizing robot in the substation using vision. A novel approach for visual localization using image retrieval and multi-view geometry is proposed. It is applicable for autonomous inspection of in-service substation without additional modifications of the environment. The experimental results demonstrate the efficiency and reliability of our approach. They have been further discussed by means of parameters for image description, number of neighbouring images for coordinates estimation, training dataset selection and performance evaluation. They verified that our approach is a cost-effective solution to robot localization in in-service substation.
Multi-DAGs Scheduling Integrating with Security and Availability in Cloud Environment

In view of the issue concerns multiple Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) scheduling in multi-tenant cloud computing environment, a scheduling strategy that integrate security and availability is proposed to satisfy the tenants' requirements for resource security and availability, as thus it can not only protect the users' privacy and data security but also advance the success rate. The proposal assesses resource reputation to ensure jobs can be scheduled onto relatively security nodes; during task scheduling, it classifies the DAGs to achieve fairness; in the process of resources allocation, the objective function would maximize the user's security satisfaction and minimize the deviation of availability; meanwhile, it takes advantage of "time chips" flexibly to promote resource utilization rate; afterwards, we present a Greedy algorithm integrating with security and availability (GISA) to implement the strategy. The experimental results show the correctness and superior of the novel strategy.
Visible and Infrared Video Fusion Using Uniform Discrete Curvelet Transform and Spatial-Temporal Information

Multiple visual sensor fusion provides an effective way to improve the robustness and accuracy of video surveillance system. Traditional video fusion methods fuse the source videos using static image fusion methods frame-by-frame without considering the information in temporal dimension. The temporal information can't be fully utilized in fusion procedure. Aiming at this problem, a visible and infrared video fusion method based on Uniform discrete curvelet transform (UDCT) and spatial-temporal information is proposed. The source videos are decomposed by using UDCT, and a set of local spatial-temporal energy based fusion rules are designed for decomposition coefficients. In these rules, we consider the current frame's coefficients and the coefficients on temporal dimension which are the coefficients of adjacent frames. Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed method works well and outperforms comparison methods in terms of temporal stability and consistency as well as spatial-temporal information extraction.
Interactive Activity Learning from Trajectories with Qualitative Spatio-Temporal Relation

Automatically analyzing interactions from video has gained much attention in recent years. Here a novel method has been proposed for analyzing interactions between two agents based on the trajectories. Previous works related to this topic are methods based on features, since they only extract features from objects. A method based on qualitative spatio-temporal relations is adopted which utilizes knowledge of the model (qualitative spatio-temporal relation calculi) instead of the original trajectory information. Based on the previous qualitative spatio-temporal relation works, such as Qualitative trajectory calculus (QTC), some new calculi are now proposed for long term and complex interactions. By the experiments, the results showed that our proposed calculi are very useful for representing interactions and improved the interaction learning more effectively.
Event-Driven Top-k Queries in Sensor Networks with Multi Microenvironments

In the emerging area of sensor-based systems, a significant challenge is to develop reliable, energy efficient methods to extract useful information from the distributed sensory data. Existing top-k query algorithms of sensor networks are only applicable to the sensor networks with single Microenvironment (ME). Besides, these approaches rely on using raw sensor readings, which handling these raw sensory data requires large amount of data transmission and is memory-consuming. In this paper we highlight the multiple MEs in sensor networks and propose a novel event-driven approximate top-k query framework based on fuzzy method. Firstly, membership function of fuzzy method is introduced to describe the global potential event confidence. Subsequently, non-uniform membership degree subranges based linguistic variables instead of numeric sensor readings are used for in-network top-k event fusion. Also two distributed event-driven approximate top-k query algorithms are devised. Theoretical analysis as well as extensive simulations based on synthetic and real data sets show that our framework reduces the data transmission significantly and the query results are more interpretable with quality guarantees.
A Quick Convex Hull Building Algorithm Based on Grid and Binary Tree

A quick convex hull building algorithm using grid and binary tree is proposed for the minimum convex buidling of planar point set. Grids are used to assess and eliminate those interior points wihtout any contribution to convex hull building and points are sought in the boundary grid only so as to enhance the efficiency of algorithm. The minimum convex bull is built by taking such advantages of binary tree as quick, convenient and applicable for various point sets with different distributions, so as to resolve the description problem of concave point. The time complexity of the algorithm is low because of grid pretreatment. As the results of comparative expriment of random point and actual picture show, the proposed algorithm can obtain the best profile of 2D planar picture with minimum time, which is applicable for describing the shape of irregular convex-concave objects.
Sampling Streaming Data Along Geodesic

This paper proposes an approach to sample data stream based on differential geometry. Our aim is to take advantage of information of discarded data and support stream to generate different number of transactions during different periods. To this end, we establish a novel data stream model represented by a surface, within which time is quantified and probability, value and time, viewed as one united body, could be calculated simultaneously. We project data stream onto a surface of the model and replace points which have the shortest geodesic distance with their mid-point. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work on introducing differential geometry as a sampling trick. Experimental results show that our approach is effective.
Bernoulli Filter for Extended Target in Clutter Using Poisson Models

This paper presents a joint detection and tracking filter for a single extended target in the presence of clutter measurements and missed detections. The filter is obtained by adapting the Poisson extended target model into the Bernoulli filter proposed by Mahler. The resulted filter is an optimal extended target joint detection and tracking filter. Predictor and corrector are derived follows the random set filtering framework. A particle filter implementation is presented, in which simplification methods are used to make it easy to be realized. Simulation results show that the proposed filter is effective at detection and tracking of extended target in dense clutter backgrounds.
化痰通腑液的制备方法及质量控制

目的:建立化痰通腑液的制备方法及质量控制标准。方法:导用薄层色谱法对化痰通腑液中的大黄、丹参、栝楼皮进行定性鉴别。结果:化痰通腑液中的丹参、栝楼皮、大黄薄层色谱斑点清晰,阴性对照无干扰,重现性好。结论:本实验方法简单、可靠、实用,可用于化痰通腑液的质量控制。
论"左主司官,右主司府"

脉诊在中医诊断学上有重要地位,"独取寸口"是现代中医临床诊脉的主流方式。这一方式的核心在于,通过对诊察脉象所得到的信息进行分析,揣度人精神形体、五脏六腑的变化。要有效地运用这一诊法,了解寸口脉的分部及其内在含义和前提条件。故拟就《脉经》提出的"魂魄谷神,皆见寸口; 左主司官,右主司府"进行探讨,并对目前常见的关于此语的释义进行分析切磋。笔者认为这句话从"精神与形体的关系"这一新角度进行理解,或有一定的现实参考意义。
非那雄胺对良性前列腺增生患者骨密度的影响

良性前列腺增生(BPH)时增大的前列腺压迫尿道,致尿流受阻,可发生多种并发症,如急性尿潴留、肾积水,甚至肾衰竭等。内源性雄激素包括睾酮(T)和二氢睾酮(DHT),DHT对前列腺的生长和发育起重要作用,如果体内DHT水平过高,可引起BPH。非那雄胺是一种Ⅱ型5α-还原酶抑制剂,抑制T转化为DHT,降低体内DHT水平,从而改善BPH的症状及延缓其进展,目前被广泛用于治疗BPH。雄激素在骨骼生长代谢、骨量维持及抗骨量丢失等方面均起重要的调节作用,当体内雄激素水平低下时,骨形成减弱,骨破坏增多,从而易患骨质疏松。本研究探讨非那雄胺对BPH患者骨代谢指标及骨密度的影响。
徐州市区40岁以上人群糖尿病患病率现况及危险因素

目的调查徐州市区40岁以上人群的糖尿病(DM)及糖调节受损(IGR)患病率情况,分析DM的危险因素。方法2011年9月至2012年3月,针对徐州市区40岁及以上常住人口,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,共调查1 894人,对该人群进行问卷调查,并进行空腹血糖(FPG)测定、口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT),测量身高、体重、腰臀围、腰臀比(WHR)、血压,计算体质指数(BMI),测定总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和血尿酸(UA)水平。采用1999年世界卫生组织(WHO)制定的DM及IGR诊断标准,计算患病率。对DM相关危险因素进行多因素非条件Logistic回归分析。结果徐州市区40岁以上人群DM患病率为21.06%,标化率为19.72%,其中男性为20.94% 女性为21.17%,差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.15,P>0.05)。 IGR患病率为24.67%,标化率为22.83%,其中男性为24.91% 女性为24.44%,差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.53,P>0.05)。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果发现,年龄、中心性肥胖、超重/肥胖、DM家族史、高LDL-C水平、高血压、运动量少为DM的重要危险因素。结论徐州市DM及IGR人群患病率明显增高,中心性肥胖、超重(肥胖)、年龄增长及高LDL-C水平、血压增高可能是导致DM患病率升高的主要原因。
武汉市社区老年白内障患者的抑郁发生情况及其与慢性病的相关性

目的探讨老年白内障患者的抑郁发生情况与慢性病的关系。方法选择武汉市武昌区某社区60岁以上老年白内障患者,以面对面的询问方式进行入户调查,对可能与抑郁相关的慢性病进行单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析,寻找老年白内障患者抑郁发生的危险因素。结果患者抑郁量表(GDS)-15得分的总体水平为(6.43±3.04)分,在416例老年白内障患者中,118例存在明显抑郁症状;与老年白内障患者抑郁症状相关中,高血压、糖尿病、脑梗死、骨关节炎、偏瘫的差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析显示与抑郁有关的慢性病因素有高血压、糖尿病、脑梗死、骨关节炎、偏瘫(OR=1.337、2.314、3.676,1.520)。结论武汉社区老年白内障患者抑郁的发生率高,其中合并患有高血压、糖尿病、脑梗死、骨关节炎、偏瘫的老年人出现抑郁的风险较高。
"杂合以治"思想在肾阳虚衰型腰椎间盘突出症的应用

"杂合以治"一词,首见于《素问?异法方宜论篇》"故圣人杂合以治,各得其所宜。故治所以异而病皆愈者,得病之情,知治之大体也",文中论治病,提出5种治病方法分别适用东、西、北、南、中央五方常见病和多发病的治疗,终以"圣人杂合以治,各得其所宜"结论。文中以砭石、毒药、灸焫、九针、导引按蹻5种治病方法举例,倡导各种治法结合运用,使各种治法对患者发挥作用。
二仙汤及其拆方对去卵巢大鼠更年期综合征的影响

目的探讨二仙汤及其拆方对去卵巢大鼠实验性更年期综合征的影响。方法以卵巢摘除SD雌性大鼠为动物模型,随机分为模型组、二仙汤整方及其4个拆方组(二仙汤A方、B方、C方、D方、E方),另设一组假手术组,连续给药90 d,比较大鼠体重、血清性激素水平及胸腺、脾脏、子宫指数的变化,并对子宫进行组织学观察。结果A方可显著抑制因摘除卵巢引起的体重升高(P<0.01);与模型组相比,A方、C方及E方能显著提高大鼠的胸腺系数(P<0.05),E方可使脾脏系数明显升高(P<0.05),C方能显著升高促黄体生成素(LH)水平(P<0.05),除B方外,其余各方均可明显提高卵泡刺激素(FSH)水平。组织学方面,A方、E方可增加腺体数目,除A方外,其余各方均使内膜增厚。 结论二仙汤及其拆方缓解更年期综合征的作用与从多环节调节生殖内分泌功能有关,且各个拆方起着不同的调节作用,具有临床指导意义。