mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
华氏巨球蛋白血症的临床特征及预后:单中心临床数据报道

目的总结51例华氏巨球蛋白血症(WM)患者的临床特征及预后,重点评估伊布替尼治疗WM的疗效和不良反应,为WM诊疗提供经验和借鉴。方法回顾性分析2008年11月至2019年10月海军军医大学附属长征医院收治的51例初诊WM患者的基线临床特征、疗效及预后。结果51例患者男女比例为2.64:1,中位年龄65(46~84)岁。ISSWM危险分层:低危组9例(18% )、中危组21例(41%)、高危组21例(41%),27例(73%)存在MYD88L265P突变。中位随访时间38.6(0.3~120.0)个月,中位无进展生存时间为46.4个月,中位总生存时间未达到。接受伊布替尼治疗的16例患者总体缓解率为87%,主要缓解率为80%,起效速度快,达到至少部分缓解的中位时间为8周,与其他药物组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论WM多见于老年男性,多数患者合并MYD88~(L265P)突变。伊布替尼治疗WM疗效确切,即使是高龄、ISSWM高危患者,也有较高的总体缓解率、主要缓解率。伊布替尼起效速度较快,严重不良反应少见,是一种安全、有效的治疗方案。
燃煤飞灰中矿物质对烟气中As、Se、Pb形态分布影响的热力学研究

基于热力学平衡的原理,研究了燃煤烟气中As、Se、Pb三种重金属与飞灰中主要矿物质CaO、Al_2O_3、Fe_2O_3、MgO的反应。结果表明,As在1600 K时与CaO反应开始生成Ca_3(AsO_4 )_2,且随着CaO含量的增大,Ca_3(AsO_4 )_2的温度区间变窄,说明CaO对煤中As的挥发有抑制作用; As与Al_2O_3在1700 K时开始反应,随着温度降低最后全部以AlAsO_4的形式存在; As与Fe_2O_3反应生成FeAsO_4 ; As与MgO在600-1500 K以Mg_3(AsO_4 )2(s)形式存在,低于600 K时转化为As_2O_5(s)。Se与CaO和MgO在低于600 K时分别以CaSeO_3(s)和MgSeO_3(s)的形式存在,与Al_2O_3、Fe_2O_3不发生反应; CaO与Pb在900-1100 K时反应生成了(CaO)_2(PbO_2 )(s); Pb与Al_2O_3会发生反应,在900-1200 K时有固态(PbO)(Al_2O_3 )_6(s)生成。 Fe_2O_3、MgO对Pb的形态分布基本没有影响。
西瓜种子不同发育时期内源激素含量变化

为揭示西瓜种子发育过程中内源激素调节机制,本研究以种子大小差异明显的‘LQ06'和‘XinA'西瓜栽培品种为研究材料,采用酶联免疫吸附测定法分析两者种子在不同发育时期内吲哚乙酸(IAA)、赤霉素(GA3)、脱落酸(ABA)和玉米素核苷(ZR)四种内源激素含量的动态变化规律。结果表明:在西瓜种子发育过程中,种子长度及百粒重均呈不典型的单S型曲线变化趋势;西瓜果实在开花后26 d就已基本达到成熟果实的大小,种子长度和百粒重在开花后8~12 d内迅速上升,12 d后种子长度不再发生剧烈变化,后期百粒重由于种子内部有机物质的积累还会继续上升。在开花后6 d时,两品系种子中IAA和ABA含量最高,在8~12 d内迅速上升,待22 d种子基本发育成熟后,略微下降至平稳状态;ZR和GA3则一直微量存在于种子整个发育过程中,且变化动态差异较大。ABA的含量在种子开花后的8~12 d内上升较快,并且IAA+GA3+ZT/ABA的值在6~12 d内呈下降趋势。本研究发现,种子发育是一个受多种激素互相协调共同调控的过程,种子的快速发育主要在开花后的8~12 d内发生,在该过程中种皮大小初步形成,并且高含量的ABA对于种子前期发育极为重要。研究结果为揭示西瓜种子发育过程中激素调节机制提供参考依据。
基于转录组测序的硒处理银杏萜类合成的关键基因表达分析

本研究以银杏叶品种(Ginkgo biloba L.)家佛手室内盆栽为试材,对3年生银杏幼苗进行亚硒酸钠叶面喷洒处理,并分析其萜内酯相关基因的表达变化。挖掘与萜类化合物合成相关基因并对其差异表达基因进行筛选和分析,研究结果表明,亚硒酸钠处理叶片转录组测序共获得142 834条Unigene,平均长度656 bp,基因差异表达(DEG)筛选得到5 292个基因,并将其进行KOG功能分类。通过对萜类化合物合成相关KEGG途径进行分析,筛选出6条候选基因。采用实时荧光定量(qRT-PCR)对选取的候选差异基因进行验证,其中DXS、MECT、HMGR上调表达,与转录组测序结果一致,而DXR、MECPs、MVD在转录组测序中虽无明显差异,但qRT-PCR结果表明其在硒处理后的5周内就有明显差异变化。本实验为银杏提供了较为全面的基因信息和代谢途径数据,为硒处理条件下银杏分子调控机制的深入研究奠定基础。
两种不同化感潜力水稻CYP73A38基因及其启动子的克隆分析

水稻化感作用指水稻通过向环境中释放次生代谢产物来影响周围植物的生长。本研究以国际公认的化感水稻PI312777和非化感水稻Lemont为材料,克隆肉桂酸-4-羟化酶(C4H)编码基因CYP73A38的cDNA序列进行对比分析,发现两种水稻在该基因的序列差异极小,存在6个位点差异。为了进一步揭示两种水稻化感潜力不同的原因,对CYP73A38启动子进行了克隆分析,获得CYP73A38基因启动子序列,该启动子序列包含CAAT-box、TATA-box、光响应元件、赤霉素响应元件、生长素响应元件、低温响应元件等多个顺式作用元件及MYB类转录因子结合位点,且差异位点均不在顺式作用元件上,由此推测两种水稻化感潜力的差异与基因结构没有相关性。不同化感潜力水稻CYP73A38基因及其启动子的克隆与序列分析,将为进一步研究CYP73A38基因的表达调控及其启动子功能分析提供参考,为加快水稻化感抗性品种的选育进程提供依据。
利用雄性不育剂对害鼠种群数量控制的理论模型

人类社会一直遭受到鼠害的干扰。对此,目前主要利用杀鼠剂和不育剂对鼠害进行防控。为了给鼠害防治制定合适的对策,以及预测鼠类不育剂的使用效果,开发建立数学模型是一种有效的方法。本综述初步讨论了雄性不育剂调控害鼠种群的动态模型,在模型中每隔固定时间施行不育控制,在害鼠的繁殖具有季节性的前提下,分析了模型的形态以及害鼠不育率、控制间隔、不育剂有效期等参数对种群动态的影响。较高的不育率,以及较短的控制间隔会达到更好的控制效果,可以使种群变小,甚至灭绝。经过分析模型发现,雄性害鼠的不育率对种群数量有较大的影响,所以意雄性不育率对利用不育技术控制鼠害显得尤为重要。
植物MYB转录因子调控次生代谢的研究进展

转录因子调节是植物基因表达和调节机制的重要组成部分,MYB转录因子(V-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog),是植物中最大转录因子家族之一。MYB转录因子对多种次生代谢产物的生物合成具有转录调控作用,如硫代葡萄糖苷、黄酮类、萜类、木质素类和芪类化合物等。本综述将对MYB转录因子家族对植物次生代谢的影响作详细阐述,以期为后续进一步探究该转录因子家族基因的功能提供理论参考。
旋转网筒过滤器转速变化规律及影响因素研究

为了探索网筒转动对延缓过滤器堵塞问题的影响以及转速的影响因素,分别在不同流量和含沙量条件下进行室内物理模型试验,分析了转速随过滤时间的变化规律及其影响因素。试验结果表明:浑水条件下转速随流量的增大幅度低于清水条件,含沙量对网筒转速有重要影响;网筒转速随流量的增大而增大,流量增大的初始时刻网筒转速加快,网筒转动持续时间延长;相反,网筒转速随含沙量的增大而减小,含沙量越大,初始时刻网筒转速越低,网筒转速下降越快,网筒停止转动时间提前。分析认为,进水流量和含沙量的共同作用导致了网筒转速的变化。通过对过滤池内泥沙质量对比分析可知,网筒转动有利于延缓堵塞、提高过滤效率。因此,在实际工程中可以考虑利用网筒转动来达到延缓堵塞的目的。
砂土场地排桩围护挡墙渗漏水对基坑变形规律的影响

针对富水砂层排桩挡墙渗漏水及基坑变形问题,以某地铁车站基坑工程为背景,采用数值模拟和现场实测方法对比研究砂土场地止水帷幕局部渗漏水前后基坑挡墙侧向位移、墙后地表沉降及围护桩墙内力变化规律。研究结果表明:止水帷幕局部渗漏加剧了渗流作用对基坑变形的影响,围护桩侧向位移曲线随基坑开挖深度的增大由“斜线”形向“鼓肚”形分布演变,墙后深层土体侧向位移曲线随水平距离Lp增大由非线性“鼓肚”形转变为线性分布;止水帷幕局部渗漏引起地表沉降量及影响范围增大,漏水后地表沉降显著影响区扩展为漏水前的2 ~ 3倍;围护桩身内力随基坑开挖深度增加而逐渐增大,漏水后桩身最大剪力和弯矩较漏水前减小;抑制渗漏通道扩展和阻止水土流失加剧是控制基坑渗漏灾害恶化的有效途径。研究成果可为砂土地区深基坑渗漏灾害防治与施工控制提供参考。
闸阀失效诱发水库输水涵管振动探测与分析

为了对某水库输水涵管振动原因进行分析,首先采用振动监测仪对管道不同位置振动特性进行监测,分析管道不同位置振动变化规律,初步确定了振源位置;其次通过管道机器人对管道内部进行探测,结合已有理论基础初步分析了管道振动的内因;最后通过现场开挖,分析了管道振动的外因。结果表明:闸阀位置处质点振动峰值速度、主频、峰值加速度和峰值位移均明显大于其他测点,闸阀前后振动特性基本对称,推测闸阀为主要的振动源;闸阀处各方向质点振动峰值速度、峰值加速度和峰值位移均为垂向>切向>径向,推测闸阀的主要振动方向为垂向;输水涵管闸阀仅能开启至设计最大开度的1 /3位置处,当闸阀在此种小开度开启时,产生的垂向流激振动是输水涵管振动的主要原因;闸阀附近土体松散,且未设置镇墩,无法较好地约束输水涵管变形,从而导致振动加剧。
水利工程BIM + GIS与施工进度动态计划关联方法及实现

在水利工程的建设管理中,施工进度会不可避免地受到外界因素的影响,导致工程施工不能按照原有计划进行。针对于此提出了基于BIM + GIS的施工进度动态计划关联方法,以互联网技术为基础,结合数据库技术和可视化技术,实现工程量统计与施工进度的动态模拟,通过Cesium 3D GIS平台建立了基于BIM + GIS的水利工程施工进度管理系统。此系统将GIS大场景与BIM深度结合,为水利工程项目参建方提供施工三维动态可视化环境,精细化控制水利工程的工程量统计与进度计划管理。目前该系统已经在某水闸工程中投入使用,应用效果良好。
基于水质三维荧光技术的城市河流水质污染分析

城市河流影响着城市的发展与未来,对河流的水质监测已成为重要的环保工作。为了了解城市河流的水质变化情况及荧光技术在河流水体监测中的应用效果,采用三维荧光光谱技术(3DEEM),对某一城市河流进行实验分析。结果表明:实验河流水体共有3个典型荧光特征峰,即类腐殖质荧光峰A1(λ_(ex) /λ_(em) = 275 nm/360 nm)、类蛋白质荧光峰A2(λ_(ex) /λ_(em) = 230 nm/350 nm)和类蛋白质荧光峰A3(λ_(ex) /λ_(em) = 275 nm/310 nm);河流从上游至下游方向,水体所含蛋白质类荧光物质逐渐增加,推断沿河有少量生活污水汇入。此外,河流水质荧光峰强度与氨氮间表现为极显著线性关系,与COD及总磷无明显相关性。
洪水前后新安江源区河流氮素时空分布对比研究

针对源区河流氮素时空分布规律,选择位于安徽省休宁县境内上溪口地区新安江源头段作为试验研究对象,通过野外采样、水质监测和统计分析方法,研究试验区域洪水前后各项监测指标的时空分布特征及其影响因素,揭示洪水对新安江源区河流氮素的影响。结果表明:流域水体总氮浓度沿水流路径逐渐增加;洪水后总氮、氨氮和硝氮浓度比洪水前均有所增大,洪水期雨水对流域的氮素进行了“冲刷”;相关性分析表明洪水前硝氮和总氮受植被影响较大,洪水后硝氮与汇水面积相关,总氮浓度受高程、坡度和地质等因素影响;所构建的预测模型能够较好地预测洪水前硝氮和总氮以及洪水后氨氮和硝氮的分布。
川西亚高山不同演替阶段天然次生林土壤碳氮含量及酶活性特征

为了解次生林自然更新演替过程中土壤碳氮含量及酶活性的变化规律,采用空间代替时间的方法,在川西亚高山米亚罗林区选取环境条件基本一致的20世纪60、70和80年代采伐迹地自然更新演替的次生林(60-NSF、70-NSF和80-NSF)和岷江冷杉(Abies faxoniana)原始林(对照, CK)为对象,研究了表层(0–20 cm)土壤碳氮含量和土壤酶活性的关系。结果表明:表层土壤有机碳(SOC)、可溶性有机碳(DOC)、轻组有机碳(LFOC)含量均随森林植被更新演替呈显著降低趋势,而全氮(TN)和可溶性有机氮(DON)含量则表现为60-NSF < 80-NSF < 70-NSF,但70-NSF和80-NSF间差异不显著;次生林表层土壤有机碳氮及其活性组分含量均低于CK,其中80-NSF的DOC和DON含量与CK差异不显著。次生林的β-葡萄糖苷酶(βG)、β-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)和多酚氧化酶(PHO)活性均显著低于CK,纤维素水解酶(CBH)和过氧化物酶(PEO)活性与CK无显著差异;天然次生林中, 60-NSF的βG和CBH活性显著低于70-NSF和80-NSF; 80-NSF的NAG活性显著高于60-NSF和70-NSF; 4种林型之间的PEO活性无显著性差异。Pearson相关分析和冗余分析显示,土壤TN、LFOC和DOC含量与土壤酶活性显著相关,其中TN含量解释了酶活性变化的65.4%,说明土壤氮含量变化可能会影响到土壤碳的水解酶活性,同时也表明土壤微生物优先利用易分解碳和氮。因此,次生林近60年的天然更新演替引起了TN、LFOC及DOC含量的显著下降,导致表层土壤某些胞外酶(如 βG、CBH和NAG)活性降低。从土壤酶活性角度看,岷江冷杉原始林比早期演替阶段的次生林(<60 a)更有利于川西亚高山高海拔森林生态系统的碳氮循环。
冷水浸没综合征研究进展

淹溺是致残、致死率极高的意外伤害因素,其病程进展十分迅速,患者病情往往较危重,且因其病理生理机制复杂,目前临床治疗方法十分有限。冷水浸没综合征作为淹溺的特殊类型之一,通常当患者浸没于冷水中后立即发生并贯穿患者溺水的始终。冷水浸没综合征常导致患者心搏骤停等危急情况,在淹溺的发生、发展过程中扮演重要的角色。本文着重对冷水浸没综合征的病理生理机制进行综述,并总结其临床诊疗手段,以期为进一步临床针对性治疗提供理论依据。
微RNA-141靶向Dlx基因对骨形态发生蛋白2诱导人主动脉瓣钙化的调控作用

目的探讨miRNA-141对骨形态发生蛋白2(BMP-2)诱导人主动脉瓣钙化的调控作用及机制。方法收集24例人退行性主动脉瓣,用qRT-PCR及蛋白质印迹法检测miRNA-141和BMP-2的mRNA及蛋白表达水平。在人主动脉瓣膜间质细胞(HAVIC)中上/下调miRNA-141表达,通过Von Kossa染色比较细胞钙化,并比较远端缺失同源盒5(Dlx5)mRNA和BMP-2蛋白表达;双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证Dlx5是否为miRNA-141的靶基因。在主动脉瓣钙化小鼠和Dlx5基因敲除主动脉瓣钙化小鼠中,上/下调miRNA-141表达,通过Von Kossa染色比较主动脉瓣钙化,并检测BMP-2蛋白表达。结果与正常主动脉瓣膜组织相比,人退行性主动脉瓣miRNA-141的表达降低(1.00±0.02 vs 0.35±0.06,P=0.01),BMP-2的mRNA及蛋白表达增加(P均=0.01)。在HAVIC中,上调/下调miRNA-141可抑制/促进钙化(P=0.02或P=0.01),并降低/升高Dlx5 mRNA表达(P均=0.01)及BMP-2蛋白的表达(P=0.02或P=0.01)。双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证了Dlx5为miRNA-141的靶基因。上调/下调主动脉瓣钙化小鼠miRNA-141可抑制/促进钙化(P均=0.01),并降低/升高Dlx5、BMP-2 mRNA及蛋白的表达(P均<0.05);Dlx5基因敲除小鼠中,上/下调miRNA-141不影响瓣膜钙化和BMP-2的表达。结论miRNA-141靶向Dlx5基因抑制BMP-2蛋白诱导的人主动脉瓣钙化。
Application of wide-field electromagnetic method in shale gas survey in Eastern Kunlun, Qinghai province, China

In order to study the distribution of shale gas reservoir in the Babaoshan Basin of Eastern Kunlun, the wide-field electromagnetic (WFEM) survey was carried out to obtain the spatial distribution characteristics of the underground electrical volume resistivity based on the delineation of the scope of the Babaoshan Basin by regional gravity data. The basic characteristics of the basement, basin framework, and extension, vertical change, burial depth of dark mud shale in this area were identified, and the electrical distribution of the Babaoshan mud shale horizon was revealed, which has been proved to be a good geological effect by drilling. The exploration results show that the WFEM has significant effects on the exploration of shale gas occurrence strata, which meets the needs of investigation and evaluation of multi-layered and large-scale shale gas, and plays a good demonstration role in the follow-up shale gas exploration.
Field trial on use of soybean crude extract for carbonate precipitation and wind erosion control of sandy soil

Wind erosion is a major cause of land desertification and sandstorm formation in arid and semi-arid areas. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of soybeans crude extract induced calcium carbonate precipitation (SICP) on reducing wind erosion risk of sandy soil. Field tests were carried out in Ulan Buh Desert, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China. Results showed that the SICP method could significantly enhance the surface strength and wind erosion resistance of the topsoil. The optimal cementation solution (urea-CaCl_2) concentration and spraying volume, according to experiments conducted on sandy land, were 0.2 mol/L and 4 L/m~2, respectively. Under this condition, the CaCO_3 content was approximately 0.45%,the surface strength of sandy soil could reach 306.2 kPa, and the depth of wind erosion was approximately zero, after 30 d completion of SICP treatment. Soil surface strength declined with the increase of time, and long-term sand fixation effects of SICP treatment varied depending on topography. Whereas wind erosion in the top area of the windward slope was remarkable, sandy soils on the bottom area of the windward slope still maintained a relatively high level of surface strength and a low degree of wind erosion 12 month after SICP treatment. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) confirmed the precipitation of CaCO_3 and its bridge effect. These findings suggested that the SICP method is a promising candidate to protect sandy soil from wind erosion in desert areas.
Reflection of thermo-elastic wave in semiconductor nanostructures nonlocal porous medium

The current work is an extension of the nonlocal elasticity theory to fractional order thermo-elasticity in semiconducting nanostructure medium with voids. The analysis is made on the reflection phenomena in context of three-phase-lag thermo-elastic model. It is observed that, four-coupled longitudinal waves and an independent shear vertical wave exist in the medium which is dispersive in nature. It is seen that longitudinal waves are damped, and shear wave is un-damped when angular frequency is less than the cut-off frequency. The voids, thermal and non-local parameter affect the dilatational waves whereas shear wave is only depending upon non-local parameter. It is found that reflection coefficients are affected by nonlocal and fractional order parameters. Reflection coefficients are calculated analytically and computed numerically for a material, silicon and discussed graphically in details. The results for local (classical) theory are obtained as a special case. The study may be useful in semiconductor nanostructure, geology and seismology in addition to semiconductor nanostructure devices.
Stress initialization methods for dynamic numerical simulation of rock mass with high in-situ stress

In the context of deep rock engineering, the in-situ stress state is of major importance as it plays an important role in rock dynamic response behavior. Thus, stress initialization becomes crucial and is the first step for the dynamic response simulation of rock mass in a high in-situ stress field. In this paper, stress initialization methods, including their principles and operating procedures for reproducing steady in-situ stress state in LS-DYNA, are first introduced. Then the most popular four methods, i.e., explicit dynamic relaxation (DR) method, implicit-explicit sequence method, Dynain file method and quasi-static method, are exemplified through a case analysis by using the RHT and plastic hardening rock material models to simulate rock blasting under in-situ stress condition. Based on the simulations, it is concluded that the stress initialization results obtained by implicit-explicit sequence method and dynain file method are closely related to the rock material model, and the explicit DR method has an obvious advantage in solution time when compared to other methods. Besides that, it is recommended to adopt two separate analyses for the whole numerical simulation of rock mass under the combined action of in-situ stress and dynamic disturbance.
Experimental investigations on mechanical performance of rocks under fatigue loads and biaxial confinements

In this research, a series of biaxial compression and biaxial fatigue tests were conducted to investigate the mechanical behaviors of marble and sandstone under biaxial confinements. Experimental results demonstrate that the biaxial compressive strength of rocks under biaxial compression increases firstly, and subsequently decreases with increase of the intermediate principal stress. The fatigue failure characteristics of the rocks in biaxial fatigue tests are functions of the peak value of fatigue loads, the intermediate principal stress and the rock lithology. With the increase of the peak values of fatigue loads, the fatigue lives of rocks decrease. The intermediate principal stress strengthens the resistance ability of rocks to fatigue loads except considering the strength increasing under biaxial confinements. The fatigue lives of rocks increase with the increase of the intermediate principal stress under the same ratio of the fatigue load and their biaxial compressive strength. The acoustic emission (AE) and fragments studies showed that the sandstone has higher ability to resist the fatigue loads compared to the marble, and the marble generated a greater number of smaller fragments after fatigue failure compared to the sandstone. So, it can be inferred that the rock breaking efficiency and rock burst is higher or severer induced by fatigue loading than that induced by monotonous quasi-static loading, especially for hard rocks.
Mechanical properties and failure behavior of rock with different flaw inclinations under coupled static and dynamic loads

The deep fissured rock mass is affected by coupled effects of initial ground stress and external dynamic disturbance. In order to study the effect of internal flaw on pre-stressed rock mechanical responses and failure behavior under impact loading, intact granite specimens and specimens with different flaw inclinations are tested by a modified split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) and digital image correlation (DIC) method. The results show that peak strain and dynamic strength of intact specimens and specimens with different flaw angles (α) decrease with the increase of axial static pressure. The 90° flaw has weak reduction effect on peak strain, dynamic strength and combined strength, while 45° and 0° flaws have remarkable reduction effect. Specimens with 90° flaw are suffered combined shear and tensile failure under middle and low axial static pre-stresses, and suffered shear failure under high axial static pre-stresses. Specimens with 45° and 0° flaws are suffered oblique shear failure caused by pre-existing flaw under different axial static pre-stresses. Besides, based on digital image correlation method, it is found that micro-cracks before formation of macro fractures (include shear and tensile fractures) belong to tensile cracks. Tensile and shear strain localizations at pre-existing flaw tip for specimen with 45° and 0° flaws are produced much earlier than that at other positions.
True triaxial hydraulic fracturing test and numerical simulation of limestone

Hydraulic fracturing, as a key technology of deep energy exploitation, accelerates the rapid development of the modern petroleum industry. To study the mechanisms of hydraulic fracture propagation and rock failure mode of the vertical well hydraulic fracturing, the true triaxial hydraulic fracturing test and numerical simulation are carried out, and the influence of the principal stress difference, water injection displacement, perforation angle and natural fracture on fracture propagation is analyzed. The results show that the fracture propagation mode of limestone is mainly divided into two types: the single vertical fracture and the transverse-longitudinal crossed complex fracture. Under high displacement, the fracturing pressure is larger, and the secondary fracture is more likely to occur, while variable displacement loading is more likely to induce fracture network. Meanwhile, the amplitude of acoustic emission (AE) waveform of limestone during fracturing is between 0.01 and 0.02 mV, and the main frequency is maintained in the range of 230–300 kHz. When perforation angle θ=45°, it is easy to produce the T-type fracture that connects with the natural fracture, while X-type cracks are generated when θ=30°. The results can be used as a reference for further study on the mechanism of limestone hydraulic fracturing.
Distribution patterns of rock mass displacement in deeply buried areas induced by active fault creep slip at engineering scale

Active fault creep slip induces deformation of rock mass buried deeply in fault zones that significantly affect the operational safety of long linear projects passing through it. Displacement distribution patterns of rock masses in active fault zones which have been investigated previously are the key design basis for such projects. Therefore, a discrete element numerical model with different fault types, slip time, dip angles, and complex geological features was established, and then the creep slip for normal, reverse, and strike-slip faults were simulated to analyze the displacement distribution in the fault rock mass. A disk rotation test system and the corresponding laboratory test method were developed for simulating rock mass displacement induced by creep slippage of faults. A series of rotation tests for softand hard-layered specimens under combined compression and torsional stress were conducted to verify the numerical results and analyze the factors influencing the displacement distribution. An S-shaped displacement distribution independent of fault dip angle was identified corresponding to reverse, normal, and strike-slip faults. The results indicated that the higher the degree of horizontal extrusion, the softer the rock mass at the fault core, and the higher the degree of displacement concentration in the fault core; about 70% of the creep slip displacement occurs within this zone under 100 years of creep slippage.
煤层气松耦合自动化排采控制技术研究

传统的煤层气自动化控制容易出现超调和滞后的现象,使煤层气开采自动化控制技术停留在数据采集和简单远程控制。讨论传统PID控制算法在煤层气自动化排采控制中存在的问题,分析产生超调和滞后现象的原因,提出了煤层气井筒流动规律模型与PID控制算法相结合的松耦合自动化排采控制技术,在上位机采用数字模拟多参数耦合降低自动化控制难度,初始化用户指令,在松耦合算法中引用数字模拟的参数作为误差范围值,提高PID控制效率有效地弥补了传统PID控制算法的不足之处。松耦合自动化控制避免单参数控制破坏性开发,适用于煤层气的定套压缓慢降流压、定产量缓慢降流压、稳流压缓慢降套压等多种煤层气独特生产方式。在煤层气自动化排采中有较高的推广价值。
稠油油藏蒸汽驱后就地凝胶深部调驱实验研究

新疆九6区稠油油藏埋深浅、强非均质性,在蒸汽驱后期存在高含水、低油汽比、蒸汽超覆和窜流严重、波及效率和原油采收率低的问题。为进一步提高原油采收率,研究了就地凝胶体系在蒸汽驱后期的深部调驱效果。首先采用频率-弹性模量扫描、电镜扫描、热重分析法(TG-DTG)分别评价了凝胶的成胶强度、微观结构和耐温性,其次开展三维物理模拟实验研究了凝胶的调驱效果。实验结果表明:原体系中添加增稠型纤维素,凝胶弹性模量由95.6 Pa提高至316 Pa,凝胶强度大大增强;凝胶的微观网状结构更加紧密,交联更牢固,稳定性增强;当温度升至160 ℃,凝胶的质量保留率达到90 %以上,抗温能力提高。在蒸汽驱后期向高渗透层注入凝胶溶液并就地成胶后,注入压力和油汽比明显提高,含水率大幅度下降。波及系数和原油采收率分别提高了31.96 %和14.07 %。该就地凝胶能够胶结油砂,封堵高渗透层汽窜通道,有效地抑制了蒸汽汽窜和超覆。后续注入的蒸汽易进入低渗透层驱扫原油,波及效率和采收率大幅度增加,深部调驱效果显著。
资源一号02D卫星技术风险管理与实践

针对资源一号02D卫星技术特点和“一步正样”(即从方案设计直接进入正样产品制造)研制情况,将技术风险管理工作贯穿于卫星研制始终。以研制流程为主线,全系统、全过程、全要素开展技术风险识别与分析工作。通过方案阶段严格的技术状态基线审定、提前开展有效载荷设计验证、分系统间接口设计验证,以及正样阶段有效载荷产品合盖前工艺和强制检验点检查、软件代码走查等重点工作,卫星技术风险得到有效控制,风险降低到可接受水平。资源一号02D卫星技术风险的有效管理,保证了卫星研制质量,可为其他“一步正样”航天器技术风险管理工作提供参考。
资源一号02D卫星高光谱数据水体透明度反演研究

水体透明度能直观反映水体清澈和混浊程度,是评价湖泊富营养化,衡量水质优劣的重要指标之一。资源一号02D卫星搭载的高光谱相机(AHSI),具有与水质参数相关的精细光谱特征,为水体透明度反演提供了丰富波段选择。文章以我国官厅水库为研究区,采用资源一号02D卫星高光谱影像,开展水体透明度反演研究。通过构建半经验模型,并基于半分析算法(第五版)(QAA_(v5))和半分析算法(第六版)(QAA_(v6))的半分析模型,对官厅水库的透明度进行估算,结果均方根误差分别为0.07m、0.55m、0.19m,平均相对误差分别为9.5%、94.7%和31.4%。研究结果表明:资源一号02D卫星高光谱数据能够实现较高精度的水体透明度反演,相比于多光谱卫星数据具有更高的反演精度,可用于内陆湖库的水质遥感监测工作。
资源一号02D卫星几何定位精度保障链设计及在轨验证

卫星的平台的稳定性和载荷的内部精度作为卫星的重要指标,如果在研制期间不进行严格控制,将会对卫星的几何成像质量带来严重影响。针对资源一号02D卫星可见近红外相机50m(Circle Error 90%,CE90)和高光谱相机100m(CE90)的高几何定位精度要求,文章引入了一种相机成像几何精度的分析模型,提出了一种卫星几何定位精度的指标分解和分析方法。该方法能够全面识别定位精度的误差影响因素和各项因素在定位精度影响中的大小,同时给出客观定量化的定位精度控制目标和手段,便于设计师在不同的研制阶段提出卫星几何定位精度的控制方案。卫星发射后,卫星在轨多景图像定位精度的评价结果表明:此方法误差分解的准确度和置信度较高,具有一定的实用价值,可以为其他光学遥感航天器几何精度的保证设计提供参考。
Coarse-Grained Free-Energy Simulations of Conformational State Transitions in an Adenosine 5'-Triphosphate-binding Cassette Exporter

ATP-binding cassette exporters transport many substrates out of cellular membranes via alternating between inward-facing and outward-facing conformations. Despite extensive research efforts over the past decades, understanding of the molecular mechanism remains elusive. As these large-scale conformational movements are global and collective, we have previously performed extensive coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations of the potential of mean force along the conformational transition pathway [J. Phys. Chem. B 119, 1295 (2015)]. However, the occluded conformational state, in which both the internal and external gate are closed, was not determined in the calculated free energy profile. In this work, we extend the above methods to the calculation of the free energy profile along the reaction coordinate, d_1—d_2, which are the COM distances between the two sides of the internal (d_1) and the external gate (d_2). The potential of mean force is thus obtained to identify the transition pathway, along which several outward-facing, inward-facing, and occluded state structures are predicted in good agreement with structural experiments. Our coarse-grained molecular dynamics free-energy simulations demonstrate that the internal gate is closed before the external gate is open during the inward-facing to outward-facing transition and vice versa during the inward-facing to outward-facing transition. Our results capture the unidirectional feature of substrate translocation via the exporter, which is functionally important in biology. This finding is different from the previous result, in which both the internal and external gates are open reported in an X-ray experiment [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104, 19005 (2007)]. Our study sheds light on the molecular mechanism of the state transitions in an ATP-binding cassette exporter.
2型糖尿病患者肠道菌群变化与胰腺内分泌激素的相关性

目的探讨2型糖尿病患者肠道菌群与胰腺内分泌激素水平的相关性。方法入选2型糖尿病患者50例(2型糖尿病组)和正常血压正常血糖人群25人(对照组),所有受试者均记录一般临床资料,测定胰腺内分泌激素水平和胰岛β细胞功能,对粪便肠道菌群进行高通量测序。结果与对照组比较,2型糖尿病组胃泌素和胰高血糖素升高,餐后胰岛素和餐后C肽降低,厚壁菌门、拟杆菌属、柔嫩梭菌属和双歧杆菌属减少(均P <0.05)。Pearson相关分析提示,在2型糖尿病组中,胃泌素与柔嫩梭菌属呈正相关(r=0.332,P <0.05),胰高血糖素与乳酸杆菌属呈负相关(r=-0.439,P <0.05),空腹胰岛素、空腹C肽、胰岛素抵抗指数与拟杆菌属呈负相关(r=-0.637、 -0.622、-0.584,均P <0.05),餐后胰岛素与厚壁菌门、拟杆菌属呈负相关(r=-0.323、-0.324,均P <0.05),餐后血糖与双歧杆菌属呈正相关(r=0.444,P <0.05),胰岛β细胞功能指数和厚壁菌门、拟杆菌属、柔嫩梭菌属呈负相关(r=-0.419、-0.389、-0.644,均P <0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示,柔嫩梭菌属是胃泌素、胰岛β细胞功能的影响因素,乳酸杆菌属是胰高血糖素的影响因素,拟杆菌属是空腹胰岛素、空腹C肽和胰岛素抵抗指数的影响因素(均P <0.05)。结论2型糖尿病人群肠道菌群与胰腺内分泌激素存在相关性。
2011-2019年云南省消除疟疾阶段疫情特征分析

目的分析云南省消除疟疾阶段疫情及其流行特征,为巩固全省消除疟疾成果,制定有效的防止疟疾再传播方案提供依据。方法收集整理消除疟疾阶段(2011-2019年)云南省疫情资料,使用Microsoft对疟原虫种构成、感染来源、病例发生时间、地区和人群三间分布进行统计分析。结果云南省消除疟疾阶段共报告5 254例疟疾病例,病例数逐年减少,自2016年报告最后1例本地感染病例至今无本地感染病例报告。报告病例数中间日疟、恶性疟、三日疟和卵形疟分别占报告病例数的80.22%、18.06%、0.25%和0.19%;输入病例数(4 566例)中,境外输入病例4 562例,国内输入病例4例。境外感染来源以缅甸感染为主,非洲次之,分别占境外输入病例的89.85%和6.69%。全年均有疟疾病例报告,其中本地病例报告高峰为6月,境外输入病例报告高峰为5~6月;病例主要分布在德宏、保山、临沧、昆明和普洱5个州市,其中德宏州、保山市分别占全省总数的45.09%和27.41%;报告病例中,男女性别比为5.03:1,以18~45岁人群为主(占72.86%);职业分布以农民和民工为主,分别占67.66%和16.54%。结论云南省已连续3年无本地感染病例,且全省报告病例数逐年减少,但应加强输入性疫情的监测和处置。
基于Linkage Mapper与粒度反推法的太行山中北段生态节点识别与分析:以河北省阜平县为例

生态节点可以连接破碎的生境斑块,提高景观之间的连通性。选取太行山中北段生态型贫困区域阜平县为研究区,将生态节点分为生态薄弱点、生态障碍点、生态夹点,采用形态学空间格局分析(MSPA)模型识别生态源地,采用最小累积阻力(MCR)模型构建最小累积阻力面,基于Linkage Mapper,运用粒度反推法、空间网络分析法、ArcGIS中的水文分析模块得出各类型生态节点规模、形状、组成形式。结果表明:研究区生态源地面积为25 863.97 hm2;生态节点共计120个,其中生态薄弱点75个、生态障碍点25个、生态夹点20个;由于400 m粒度是生态节点建设的合适参数,因此生态节点形成区域118个,总面积为2 043.80 hm2。针对各类型生态节点明确其建设形式,共有71个区域可建设为林地生态节点, 43个区域可建设为水域生态节点,4个区域可建设为园地生态节点,该研究可为促进生态网络连通性提供借鉴意义。
同事公正氛围:构念、形成、效能与展望

随着现代组织日渐扁平化及自我管理型团队类型日益被企业所使用,加之以雇主为主导的“强势雇佣模式”不断被新型雇佣关系所打破和替代,团队内的个体与每天朝夕相处的同事(相较于权威)之间的互动越来越频繁,同事已经成为组织情境中最凸显的元素之一。在这种背景下,近年来越来越多的研究者开始关注源自同事的公正氛围。同事公正氛围是指团队成员对团队内同事之间相互对待公正性的共同知觉。本文首先介绍了同事公正氛围的概念、结构与测量,然后分析了同事公正氛围的理论模型与形成机制,紧接着梳理评价了同事公正氛围的影响效能,在此基础上提出同事公正氛围研究的理论架构与未来展望。未来研究应致力于:加强探讨同事公正氛围的前因变量,基于团队-成员交换视角揭示同事公正氛围的作用机制,对比探讨同事公正氛围与权威公正氛围之间的交互影响及依存条件,纵向追踪自我管理型团队以检验同事公正氛围的理论与模型,以及从关系视角探索同事公正氛围本土化特点。
直觉和深思下积极互惠行为的信任水平差异:基于收益框架视角

采用2(加工方式:直觉加工vs.深思加工)×3(信任水平:低vs.中vs.高)被试内设计,探讨双响应范式中直觉加工和深思加工下积极互惠行为存在差异的原因。结果发现,(1)在直觉加工中,处于低、中信任时被试更为利己,高信任时更为利他;深思加工中,信任水平越高利他行为越明显。(2)在低信任时,被试深思后呈现利己行为;中信任、高信任时,深思后呈现利他行为。这表明是信任水平的差异决定了被试在直觉和深思阶段的利己或利他倾向。