mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Locality-constrained framework for face alignment

Although the conventional active appearance model (AAM) has achieved some success for face alignment, it still suffers from the generalization problem when be applied to unseen subjects and images. To deal with the generalization problem of AAM, we first reformulate the original AAM as sparsity-regularized AAM, which can achieve more compact/better shape and appearance priors by selecting nearest neighbors as the bases of the shape and appearance model. To speed up the fitting procedure, the sparsity in sparsity-regularized AAM is approximated by using the locality (i.e., K-nearest neighbor), and thus inducing the locality-constrained active appearancemodel (LC-AAM). The LC-AAM solves a constrained AAM-like fitting problem with the K-nearest neighbors as the bases of shape and appearance model. To alleviate the adverse influence of inaccurate K-nearest neighbor results, the locality constraint is further embedded in the discriminative fitting method denoted as LC-DFM, which can find better K-nearest neighbor results by employing shape-indexed feature, and can also tolerate some inaccurate neighbors benefited from the regression model rather than the generative model in AAM. Extensive experiments on several datasets demonstrate that our methods outperform the state-of-the-arts in both detection accuracy and generalization ability.
Prefetch-aware fingerprint cache management for data deduplication systems

Data deduplication has been widely utilized in large-scale storage systems, particularly backup systems. Data deduplication systems typically divide data streams into chunks and identify redundant chunks by comparing chunk fingerprints. Maintaining all fingerprints in memory is not cost-effective because fingerprint indexes are typically very large. Many data deduplication systems maintain a fingerprint cache in memory and exploit fingerprint prefetching to accelerate the deduplication process. Although fingerprint prefetching can improve the performance of data deduplication systems by leveraging the locality of workloads, inaccurately prefetched fingerprints may pollute the cache by evicting useful fingerprints. We observed that most of the prefetched fingerprints in a wide variety of applications are never used or used only once, which severely limits the performance of data deduplication systems. We introduce a prefetch-aware fingerprint cache management scheme for data deduplication systems (PreCache) to alleviate prefetch-related cache pollution. We propose three prefetch-aware fingerprint cache replacement policies (PreCache-UNU, PreCache-UOO, and PreCache-MIX) to handle different types of cache pollution. Additionally, we propose an adaptive policy selector to select suitable policies for prefetch requests. We implement PreCache on two representative data deduplication systems (Block Locality Caching and SiLo) and evaluate its performance utilizing three real-world workloads (Kernel, MacOS, and Homes). The experimental results reveal that PreCache improves deduplication throughput by up to 32.22 %based on a reduction of on-disk fingerprint index lookups and improvement of the deduplication ratio by mitigating prefetch-related fingerprint cache pollution.
Log-periodic quantum oscillations in topological or Dirac materials

As a manifestation of the underlying physical nature,quantum oscillations with the applied magnetic field (B) are one of the most important topics in condensed matter physics.The research history can be tracked to 1930 when Lev Shubnikov and W.J.de Haas observed Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) oscillations in the magnetoresistance (MR) of bismuth crystals [1].Since then,researchers have observed quantum oscillations in diverse materials,including metals,metallic compounds,semimetals,semiconductors and even insulators,as well as in artificial mesoscopic microstructures [2-12].Nowadays,quantum oscillation detected by magnetotransport investigation has been a powerful tool to detect the physical properties in solid-state systems.
Controlling nested wrinkle morphology through the boundary effect on narrow-band thin films

We describe the formation of nested wrinkles created by the thermal mismatch between a narrow-band thin film and a compliant substrate. When a film is described as “narrow-band”, it literally means that the film band width is much shorter than its length; more precisely, it means that the width is comparable with the wavelength of the wrinkles. A silicon mask was used during film sputtering to create narrow-band films on poly (dimethylsiloxane) substrate, thus creating regular boundaries to steer local stresses and control wrinkle morphology. Disordered nano-scale wrinkles were found nested within highly ordered micro-scale sinusoidal wrinkles. The formation of nested wrinkles was explained through the amplitude and wavelength saturation of nano-scale wrinkles. The disordered morphology of nano-scale wrinkles and the highly ordered morphology of microscale wrinkles were explained by using the boundary effect.
Connected morphable components-based multiscale topology optimization

The advances of manufacturing techniques, such as additive manufacturing, have provided unprecedented opportunities for producing multiscale structures with intricate latticed/cellular material microstructures to meet the increasing demands for parts with customized functionalities. However, there are still difficulties for the state-of-the-art multiscale topology optimization (TO) methods to achieve manufacturable multiscale designs with cellular materials, partially due to the disconnectivity issue when tiling material microstructures. This paper attempts to address the disconnectivity issue by extending component-based TO methodology to multiscale structural design. An effective linkage scheme to guarantee smooth transitions between neighboring material microstructures (unit cells) is devised and investigated. Associated with the advantages of components-based TO, the number of design variables is greatly reduced in multiscale TO design. Homogenization is employed to calculate the effective material properties of the porous materials and to correlate the macro/structural scale with the micro/material scale. Sensitivities of the objective function with respect to the geometrical parameters of each component in each material microstructure have been derived using the adjoint method. Numerical examples demonstrate that multiscale structures with well-connected material microstructures or graded/layered material microstructures are realized.
Manufacturing cost constrained topology optimization for additive manufacturing

This paper presents a manufacturing cost constrained topology optimization algorithm considering the laser powder bed additive manufacturing process. Topology optimization for additive manufacturing was recently extensively studied, and many related topics have been addressed. However, metal additive manufacturing is an expensive process, and the high manufacturing cost severely hinders the widespread use of this technology. Therefore, the proposed algorithm in this research would provide an opportunity to balance the manufacturing cost while pursuing the superior structural performance through topology optimization. Technically, the additive manufacturing cost model for laser powder bed-based process is established in this paper and real data is collected to support this model. Then, this cost model is transformed into a level set function-based expression, which is integrated into the level set topology optimization problem as a constraint. Therefore, by properly developing the sensitivity result, the metallic additive manufacturing part can be optimized with strictly constrained manufacturing cost. Effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is proved by numerical design examples.
Replacement of alkali silicate solution with silica fume in metakaolin-based geopolymers

A metakaolin (Mk)-based geopolymer cement from Tunisian Mk mixed with different amounts of silica fume (SiO_2/Al_2O_3 molar ratio varying between 3.61 and 4.09) and sodium hydroxide (10 M) and without any alkali silicate solution,is developed in this work.After the samples were cured at room temperature under air for 28 d,they were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD),Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy,environmental scanning electron microscopy,mercury intrusion porosimetry,~(27)Al and ~(29)Si nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy,and compression testing to establish the relationship between microstructure and compressive strength.The XRD,FTIR,and ~(27)Al and ~(29)Si NMR analyses showed that the use of silica fume instead of alkali silicate solutions was feasible for manufacturing geopolymer cement.The Mk-based geopolymer with a silica fume content of 6wt% (compared with those with 2% and 10%),corresponding to an SiO_2/Al_2O_3 molar ratio of 3.84,resulted in the highest compressive strength,which was explained on the basis of its high compactness with the smallest porosity.Silica fume improved the compressive strength by filling interstitial voids of the microstructure because of its fine particle size.In addition,an increase in the SiO_2/Al_2O_3 molar ratio,which is controlled by the addition of silica fume,to 4.09 led to a geopolymer with low compressive strength,accompanied by microstructures with high porosity.This high porosity,which is responsible for weaknesses in the specimen,is related to the amount of unreacted silica fume.
联合用药防治曲霉感染研究进展

目前临床上治疗曲霉感染的药物主要有三唑类、多烯类和棘白菌素类,这些药物对控制曲霉感染具有重要作用。然而,随着抗真菌药耐药报道逐年增多,为提高临床疗效和避免曲霉耐药的发生,需要研发新型抗真菌药物或者寻找更为有效的治疗方法。由于研发新药周期长和成本高,越来越多的研究人员着眼于联合用药防治曲霉感染。抗真菌药物之间的联合用药,棘白菌素联合三唑类或多烯类药物可产生协同效应,多烯类联合三唑类药物产生拮抗作用,而抗真菌药物和非抗真菌药之间的联合用药具有较高的临床价值。
Spatial variation and soil nitrogen potential hotspots in a mixed land cover catchment on the Chinese Loess Plateau

Soil nitrogen (N) is critical to ecosystem services and environmental quality.Hotspots of soil N in areas with high soil moisture have been widely studied,however,their spatial distribution and their linkage with soil N variation have seldom been examined at a catchment scale in areas with low soil water content.We investigated the spatial variation of soil N and its hotspots in a mixed land cover catchment on the Chinese Loess Plateau and used multiple statistical methods to evaluate the effects of the critical environmental factors on soil N variation and potential hotspots.The results demonstrated that land cover,soil moisture,elevation,plan curvature and flow accumulation were the dominant factors affecting the spatial variation of soil nitrate (NN),while land cover and slope aspect were the most important factors impacting the spatial distribution of soil ammonium (AN) and total nitrogen (TN).In the studied catchment,the forestland,gully land and grassland were found to be the potential hotspots of soil NN,AN and TN accumulation,respectively.We concluded that land cover and slope aspect could be proxies to determine the potential hotspots of soil N at the catchment scale.Overall,land cover was the most important factor that resulted in the spatial variations of soil N.The findings may help us to better understand the environmental factors affecting soil N hotspots and their spatial variation at the catchment scale in terrestrial ecosystems.
Integrated rockfall hazard and risk assessment along highways:An example for Jiuzhaigou area after the 2017 Ms 7.0 Jiuzhaigou earthquake,China

This work addresses the integrated assessment of rockfall (including landslides) hazards and risk for S301,Z120,and Z128 highways,which are important transportation corridors to the world heritage site Jiuzhai Valley National Park in Sichuan,China.The highways are severely threatened by rockfalls or landslide events after the 2017 Ms 7.0 Jiuzhaigou earthquake.Field survey (September 14-18th,2017,May 15-20th,2018,and September 9-17th,2018),unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV),and satellite image identified high-relief rockfalls and road construction rockfalls or landslides along the highway.Rockfall hazard is qualitatively evaluated using block count,velocity,and flying height through a 3D rockfall simulation at local and regional scales.Rockfall risk is quantitatively assessed with rockfall event probability,propagation probability,spatial probability,and vulnerability for different block volume classes.Approximately 21.5%,20.5%,and 5.3% of the road mileage was found to be subject to an unacceptable (UA) risk class for vehicles along S301,Z120,and Z128 highways,respectively.Approximately 20.1% and 3.3% of the road mileage belong to the UA risk class for tourists along Z120 and Z128 highways,respectively.Results highlighted that high-relief rockfall events were intensively located at K50 to K55 (Guanmenzi to Ganheba) and K70 to K72 (Jiudaoguai to Shangsizhai Village) road mileages along S301 highway and KZ18 to KZ22 (Five Flower Lake to Arrow Bamboo Lake) road mileages,KZ30 (Swan Lake to Virgin Forests),and KY10.5 kilometers in Jiuzhai Valley.Rockfalls in these locations were classified under the UA risk class and medium to very high hazard index.Road construction rockfalls were located at K67 (Jiuzhai Paradise) and K75-K76 kilometers along S301 highway and KZ12 to KZ14 (Rhino Lake to Nuorilang Waterfall),KZ16.5 to KZ17.5 (Golden Bell Lake),KY5 (Lower Seasonal Lake),and KY14 (Upper Seasonal Lake) kilometers along Z120 and Z128 highway in Jiuzhai Valley.Rockfalls in these areas were within a reasonable practicable risk to UA risk class and very low to medium hazard index.Finally,defensive measures,including flexible nets,concrete walls,and artificial tunnels,could be selected appropriately on the basis of the rockfall hazard index and risk class.This study revealed the integration between qualitative rockfall hazard assessment and quantitative rockfall risk assessment,which is crucial in studying rockfall prevention and mitigation.
妊娠过程中胎盘囊泡的发生发展及临床意义

细胞外囊泡(extracellular vesicles,EVs)是由原核、真核生物释放的膜结合囊泡。许多细胞类型,从胚胎干细胞(embryonic stem,ES)到高度恶性的肿瘤细胞,都可以产生并释放细胞外囊泡。根据其物理特性和发生机制,EVs可以分为:外泌体、微颗粒和凋亡体。外泌体(exosomes,30~100 nm),是溶酶体中降解的多泡体转移到细胞表面,与细胞膜融合后以胞吐方式释放而得。微泡(microvesicles,MVs),又称为微颗粒(microparticles,MPs,0.1~1 μm),是由细胞骨架结构变化产生的。细胞在激活或凋亡时,细胞内钙离子浓度急剧升高,与细胞骨架和膜结构相关的酶,如钙激活蛋白酶(calpain)、转位酶(flippase)、转出酶(floppase)等,其活性受到激活或抑制,从而导致细胞骨架蛋白的重排,释放出微颗粒。凋亡体(apoptotic bodies,1~5 mm),是程序性死亡的细胞胞膜皱缩内陷,包裹细胞质、细胞器及核碎片,通过发芽、起泡等方式形成球形突起,脱落到细胞外环境。EVs的内容物主要包括细胞表面受体、细胞溶质和核信号蛋白、细胞外基质蛋白、RNA转录物、MicroRNA以及DNA等。因此,EVs被认为具有衍生细胞的特征,而且EVs能够将其内容物传递到其他细胞,使受体细胞发生信号传导活动,从而发生表型和功能上的改变。
子宫内膜损伤修复与宫腔粘连形成机制研究进展

宫腔粘连(IUA)又称Asherman Syndrome,自1894年首次由Heinrich Fritsch报道,54年之后,才经以色列妇科医生Joseph Asherman详细介绍了这一疾病,主要表现为闭经、不孕、盆腔疼痛等。同时,他发现子宫内膜损伤极有可能是本病的发病原因。那么,宫腔粘连的发病机制与子宫内膜损伤修复有什么联系,具体是如何发生的呢?本文就此问题进行综述。
Rotation Control of a 3-DOF Parallel Mechanism Driven by Pneumatic Muscle Actuators

The pneumatic muscle actuator (PMA) has many advantages,such as good flexibility,high power / weight ratio,but its nonlinearity makes it difficult to build a static mathematical model with high precision. A new method is proposed to establish the model of PMA. The concept of hybrid elastic modulus which is related to the static characteristic of PMA is put forward,and the energy conservation law is used to achieve the expression of the hybrid elastic modulus,which can be fitted out based on experimental data,and the model of PMA can be derived from this expression. At the same time,a 3-DOF parallel mechanism(a new bionic shoulder joint)driven by five PMAs is designed. This bionic shoulder joint adopts the structure of two antagonistic PMAs actualizing a rotation control and three PMAs controlling another two rotations to get better rotation characteristics. The kinematic and dynamic characteristics of the mechanism are analyzed and a new static model of PMA is used to control it. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of this new static model.
Molten hydroxide for detoxification of chlorine-containing waste: Unraveling chlorine retention efficiency and chlorine salt enrichment

Hazardous waste dechlorination reduces the potential of creating dioxins during the incineration process. To investigate the salt effect on waste dechlorination, molten hydroxides with a low melting temperature were utilized for the pre-dechlorination and decompositionof chlorine-containingorganicwastes (COWs) includingtrichlorobenzene (TCB), perchloroethylene, hexachlorobenzene and chlordane. The results showed that a eutectic mixture of caustic sodiumand potassiumhydroxides (41 wt.% NaOHand 59 wt.%KOH) led to a lowmelting point below300°C and a relatively high chlorine retention efficiency (CRE) withTCB as a representative COWs. The amounts of hydroxides, reaction time, and temperature all had notable influence on CRE. When the mass ratio of hydroxides to TCB reached 30:1, approximately 98.1% of the TCB was destroyed within 2.5 hr at 300°C with CRE of 71.6%. According to the residue analysis, the shapes of reaction residues were irregular with particles becoming swollen and porous. The benzene ring and C–Cl bonds disappeared, while carboxyl groups formed in the residues. The stripped chlorine was retained and condensed to form chloridesalts,andtherelativeabundanceof thechlorideionsassociatedwiththemassofTCBin residues increased from0 to 75.0% within the 2.5 hr reaction time. The observed concentration of dioxins in residues was 5.6 ngTEQ/kg. A reaction pathway and possible additional reactions that occur in this dechlorination system were proposed. Oxidizing agents may attack TCB and facilitate hydrogenation/dechlorination reactions, making this process a promising and environmentally friendly approach for chlorine-containing organic waste treatment.
Acute and chronic toxicity of nickel to nitrifiers at different temperatures

This study investigated the acute nickel toxicity on nitrification of low ammonia synthetic wastewater at 10, 23, and 35°C. The nickel inhibition half-velocity constants (KI,Ni) for ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) based on Ni/MLSS ratio at 10, 23, and 35°C were 5.4 and 5.6 mg Ni/g MLSS, 4.6 and 3.5 mg Ni/g MLSS, and 9.1 and 2.7 mg Ni/g MLSS, respectively. In addition, chronic toxicity of nickel to nitrification of low ammonia synthetic wastewater was investigated at 10°C in two sequencing batch reactors (SBRs). Long-term SBRs operation and short-term batch tests were comparable with respect to the extent of inhibition and corresponding Ni/MLSS ratio. The μmax, b, and Ko of AOB were 0.16 day~(-1), 0.098 day~(-1) and 2.08 mg O_2/L after long-term acclimatization to nickel of 1 mg/L at 10°C, high dissolved oxygen (DO) (7 mg/L) and long solids retention time (SRT) of 63–70 days. Acute nickel toxicity of nitrifying bacteria was completely reversible.
Integration of InVEST-habitat quality model with landscape pattern indexes to assess mountain plant biodiversity change:A case study of Bailongjiang watershed in Gansu Province

Mountains in western China,hosted rich biodiversity and millions of people and inhabitant with vital ecosystem services,had experienced the most serious biodiversity loss with fragile ecological problems.Even though increasing attentions had been paid to this issue,we still lacked efficient methods to assess the change of plant biodiversity at medium/large scale due to the poor data and co-existing multiple habitat types.This study proposed an integrated method combining InVEST-habitat quality model,NPP and landscape pattern indexes to analyze the spatial heterogeneity of plant biodiversity and its spatiotemporal change on raster cell scale.The results indicated that plant biodiversity service was high in Bailongjiang watershed with obvious spatial pattern variations.The land area containing higher plant biodiversity were 3161 km~2,which mainly distributed in the National Nature Reserve and forestry area.While the areas with lower plant biodiversity accounted for 37.67% and mainly distributed in the valleys between Zhouqu-Wudu-Wenxian County,the valley of Minjiang in Tanchang County and alpine mountain snow-covered regions.During 1990-2010,plant biodiversity level tended to increase and the higher plant biodiversity area increased from 14.13% to 17.15% due to ecological restoration and afforestation,while plant biodiversity decreased in the area with intensive human activities,such as cultivated land,urban and rural land.The results showed that combining InVEST-habitat quality model,NPP and landscape pattern indexes can effective reveal mountain plant biodiversity change.The study was useful for plant biodiversity conservation policy-making and human activity management for the disaster-impacted mountainous areas in China.
MRCP联合术中胆道造影在先天性胆管扩张症诊治中的应用价值

本文通过回顾性分析2016年1月至2017年12月郑州大学附属儿童医院收治的86例先天性胆管扩张症患儿术前MRCP及术中胆道造影的临床资料,发现术前MRCP联合术中胆道造影检查可较好的显示囊肿的位置及其与邻近胆道系统和周围组织的解剖关系,可较好地指导手术,有效提高手术质量,避免术中损伤肝管和胰管,预防术后并发症的发生具有重要意义。
The emerging cross-disciplinary studies of landscape ecology and biodiversity in China

The spatiotemporal landscape heterogeneity implies multiple biodiversity mechanisms across scales,and the cross-disciplinary studies between landscape ecology and biodiversity are becoming a new research field in China.This paper briefly reviews the development of the field by comparing papers published in international journals and Chinese journals;then it investigates the differences in the trends and focuses between international and Chinese studies.We also introduce several study areas that have emerged over the last 10 years in this field,including metacommunity assembly,landscape genetics,biodiversity and ecosystem service relationship,and landscape planning for biodiversity conservation.The major advances emerging in this field in China over the past 5 years can be classified into six subject areas:1) effects of urban landscape and urbanization on biodiversity;2) altitudinal patterns of biodiversity in mountain landscapes;3) effects of topographic heterogeneity on plant community assembly and species coexistence;4) impacts of landscape patterns and processes on animal behaviors;5) forest fires and spatiotemporal patterns of vegetation responses;and 6) landscape ecology applications in natural conservation planning and design.In an attempt to promote cross-field studies between geography and ecology,this special issue collected 10 research articles,involving multiple landscape types and biological assemblages,in order to explore the interaction between landscape features and biodiversity.We anticipate that the future development of this active front will be primarily driven by the application of novel information techniques and the realistic demands of sustainability issues,in addition to answering scientific questions cross scales.
An Electrochemical Cinnamyl C—H Amination Reaction Using Carbonyl Sulfamate

An electrochemical cinnamyl C—H amination reaction in the absence of transition metal catalyst and oxidant was reported. The choice of carbonyl sulfamate as nitrogen source is the key to achieve desired chemoselectivity. A series of terminal amine derivatives are prepared using this protocol and the sulfonyl group can be removed with basic hydrolysis. The reaction is suggested to proceed via a continuous anodic oxidation, deprotonation, anodic oxidation, and intermolecular nucleophilic addition pathway, demonstrating the first example of electrochemical cinnamyl C—H amination.
Special issue on nursing workforce and work environment

To meet the high demand of increasing aging population and entire population, the steady expansion of medical services promotes the fight on a limited pool of local nurses for general hospitals, community hospitals, and nursing homes. Effective human resource planning, management, and development could ensure a balance between the supply and demand of nurse human resources, thereby leading to national self-sustainability. This Special Focus Issue welcomes original research papers, evidence-based localization pilot study, perspectives, conceptual papers, case reports, systematic review, and scoping review articles that focus on nursing workforce and work environment. We encourage research and practices to address a range of topics including, but not limited to, the following areas.