mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
A note on Ξ_c(3055)~+ and Ξ_c(3123)~+

The Babar Collaboration announced two new excited charmed baryons Ξ_c(3055)~+ and Ξ_c(3123)~+. We study their strong decays assuming they are D-wave states.Some assignments are excluded by comparing our numerical results with the experimental values of the total widths of Ξ_c(3055)~+ and Ξ_c(3123)~+. We also suggest some possible decay modes,which will be helpful to determine the properties of Ξ_c(3055)~+ and Ξ_c(3123)~+.
Novel Bilayer Structures for Short Wavelength High Density Magneto-Optical Data Storage

We report a novel bi-layer thin film structure for high density magneto-optical (MO) data storage, which combines the advantages of blue wavelength and magnetically induced superresolution (MSR) recording. A double-layer system of exchange-coupled light rare-earth (LRE) element doped NdGdFeCo and traditional TbFeCo is used as the recording medium. The experimental results demonstrate that this NdGdFeCo/TbFeCo double layer has large Kerr rotation under blue wavelength. Centre aperture detection (CAD) MSR effect with temperature rising is also observed. Theoretical calculation is also carried out to verify the experimental results. These results collectively suggest that the new bilayer structure is very promising in next generation high density MO data storage.
A method for detector description exchange among ROOT GEANT4 and GEANT3

GEANT3 and GEANT4 are the detector simulation software programs that are widely used in most nuclear and particle physics experiments. ROOT is a program for framework, data analysis, online and offiine software. Detector description is an important function in all these programs. Due to different detector construction methods and respective detector data representative, it is difficult to exchange the detector data among them. A new method based on GDML is developed to automatically convert the detector data among ROOT, GEANT4 and GEANT3. Any existing detector geometry in one program can be mapped to the geometry in the other two programs. In the software development of an experiment, different applications can share and reuse the same detector description. The application of this method in the PHENIX experiment upgrade and PHENIX Forward Vertex Silicon detector design is introduced.
Heavy metal pollution of soils and vegetables in the midstream and downstream of the Xiangjiang River,Hunan Province

A total of 219 agricultural soil and 48 vegetable samples were collected from the midstream and downstream of the Xiangjiang River(the Hengyang–Changsha section)in Hunan Province.The accumulation characteristics,spatial distribution and potential risk of heavy metals in the agricultural soils and vegetables were depicted.There are higher accumulations of heavy metals such as As,Cd,Cu,Ni,Pb and Zn in agricultural soils,and the contents of Cd(2.44 mg kg~(-1) ),Pb(65.00 mg kg~(-1) )and Zn(144.13 mg kg~(-1) )are 7.97,3.69 and 1.63 times the corresponding background contents in soils of Hunan Province,respectively. 13.2%of As,68.5%of Cd,2.7%of Cu,2.7%of Ni,8.7%of Pb and 15.1%of Zn in soil samples from the investigated sites exceeded the maximum allowable heavy metal contents in the China Environmental Quality Standard for Soils(GB15618-1995,Grade II).The pollution characteristics of multi-metals in soils are mainly due to Cd.The contents of As,Cd,Cu,Pb and Zn in vegetable soils are significantly higher than the contents in paddy soils.95.8%, 68.8%,10.4%and 95.8%of vegetable samples exceeded the Maximum Levels of Contaminants in Foods(GB2762-2005)for As,Cd,Ni and Pb concentrations,respectively.There are significantly positive correlations between the concentrations of Cd,Pb and Zn in vegetables and the concentrations in the corresponding vegetable soils(p<0.01).It is very necessary to focus on the potential risk of heavy metals for food safety and human health in agricultural soils and vegetables in the midstream and downstream of the Xiangjiang River,Hunan Province of China.
Cluster analysis on summer precipitation field over Qinghai–Tibet Plateau from 1961 to 2004

The summer day-by-day precipitation data of 97meteorological stations on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau from 1961 to 2004 were selected to analyze the temporal-spatial distribution through accumulated variance,correlation analysis,regression analysis,empirical orthogonal function,power spectrum function and spatial analysis tools of GIS.The result showed that summer precipitation occupied a relatively high proportion in the area with less annual precipitation on the Plateau and the correlation between summer precipitation and annual precipitation was strong.The altitude of these stations and summer precipitation tendency presented stronger positive correlation below 2000 m,with correlation value up to 0.604(α=0.01).The subtracting tendency values between 1961–1983 and 1984–2004 at five altitude ranges(2000–2500 m,2500–3000 m,3500–4000 m,4000–4500 m and above 4500 m)were above zero and accounted for 71.4%of the total.Using empirical orthogonal function, summer precipitation could be roughly divided into three precipitation pattern fields:the Southeast Plateau Pattern Field,the Northeast Plateau Pattern field and the Three Rivers' Headstream Regions Pattern Field.The former two ones had a reverse value from the north to the south and opposite line was along 35°N.The potential cycles of the three pattern fields were 5.33a,21.33a and 2.17a respectively,tested by the confidence probability of 90%.The station altitudes and summer precipitation potential cycles presented strong negative correlation in the stations above 4500 m,with correlation value of–0.626(α=0.01).In Three Rivers Headstream Regions summer precipitation cycle decreased as the altitude rose in the stations above 3500 m and increased as the altitude rose in those below 3500 m.The empirical orthogonal function analysis in June precipitation,July precipitation and August precipitation showed that the June precipitation pattern field was similar to the July’s,in which southern Plateau was positive and northern Plateau negative.But positive value area in July precipitation pattern field was obviously less than June’s.The August pattern field was totally opposite to June’s and July’s.The positive area in August pattern field jumped from the southern Plateau to the northern Plateau.
Spatio-temporal analysis of land-use conversion in the eastern coastal China during 1996–2005

Based on the acquaintance of the regional background of urban-rural transformational development and investigations on the spot,this paper discusses the holistic situation, dominant factors and mechanism of arable land loss and land for construction occupation in the coastal area of China over the last decade,with the aid of GIS technology.Conclusions of the research are summarized as follows:(1)the arable land had been continuously decreasing from 1996 to 2005,with a loss of 1,708,700 hm~2 and an average decrement of 170,900 hm~2 per year;(2)land for construction increased 1,373,700 hm~2 ,with an average increment of 153,200 hm~2 per year;(3)total area of encroachment on arable land for construction between 1996 and 2005 was 1,053,100 hm~2 ,accounting for 34.03%of the arable land loss in the same period,the percentages of which used for industrial land(INL),transportation land(TRL),rural construction land(RUL)and town construction land(TOL)are 45.03%,15.8%,15.47%and 11.5%,respectively;and(4)the fluctuation of the increase of construction land and encroachment on arable land in the area were deeply influenced by the nation’s macroscopic land-use policies and development level of regional economy.The growth of population and advancement of technology promoted the rapid industrialization, construction of transportation infrastructures,rural urbanization and expansion of rural settlements in the eastern coastal area,and therefore were the primary driving forces of land-use conversion.
Numerical Experiments for Typhoon Dan Incorporating AMSU-A Retrieved Data with 3DVM

Two sets of assimilation experiments on a landfalling typhoon—Typhoon Dan(1999)over the western North Pacific were designed to compare the performances of two kinds of variational data assimilation schemes that are the 3-Dimensional Variational data assimilation of Mapped observation(3DVM)and the 4-dimensional variational data assimilation(4DVar).Results show that:(1)both the 3DVM and 4DVar successfully improved the simulations of typhoon intensity and track incorporating the satellite AMSU-A retrieved temperature and wind data into the initial conditions,and the 3DVM more significantly due to the flow-dependent of background error covariance matrix and observation error covariance matrix like 3-dimensional variational data assimilation(3DVar)circle;(2)inclusions of extra model integration iterations at each observation time in the 3DVM make it more consistent with prediction model;(3)the 3DVM is much more time-saving due to the exclusion of the adjoint technique in it.
Coupled Model Simulations of Climate Changes in the 20th Century and Beyond

Several scenario experiments of the IPCC 4th Assessment Report(AR4)are performed by version g1.0 of a Flexible coupled Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System Model(FGOALS)developed at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(IAP/CAS),including the"Climate of the 20th century experiment","CO_2 1%increase per year to doubling experiment"and two separate IPCC greenhouse gases emission scenarios A1B and B1 experiments.To distinguish between the different impacts of natural variations and human activities on the climate change,three-member ensemble runs are performed for each scenario experiment.The coupled model simulations show:(1)from 1900 to 2000,the global mean temperature increases about 0.5°C and the major increase occurs during the later half of the 20th century,which is in consistent with the observations that highlights the coupled model’s ability to reproduce the climate changes since the industrial revolution;(2)the global mean surface air temperature increases about 1.6°C in the CO_2 doubling experiment and 1.5 ° C and 2.4°C in the A1B and B1 scenarios,respectively.The global warming is indicated by not only the changes of the surface temperature and precipitation but also the temperature increase in the deep ocean.The thermal expansion of the sea water would induce the rise of the global mean sea level.Both the control run and the 20th century climate change run are carried out again with version g1.1 of FGOALS,in which the cold biases in the high latitudes were removed.They are then compared with those from version g1.0 of FGOALS in order to distinguish the effect of the model biases on the simulation of global warming.
A Case Study on the Role of Water Vapor from Southwest China in Downstream Heavy Rainfall

Based on the observation data analysis and numerical simulation,the development of an eastward- moving vortex generated in Southwest China during the period 25–27 June 2003 is studied.The water vapor budget analysis indicates that water vapor in the lower troposphere over Southwest China is transported downstream to the Yangtze and Huaihe River valleys by the southwesterly winds south of the vortex center. A potential vorticity(PV)budget analysis reveals that a positive feedback between latent heat release and low-level positive vorticity plays a vital role in the sudden development and eastward movement of the vortex.Numerical simulations are consistent with these results.
What Kind of Initial Errors Cause the Severest Prediction Uncertainty of El Nino in Zebiak-Cane Model

With the Zebiak-Cane(ZC)model,the initial error that has the largest effect on ENSO prediction is explored by conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation(CNOP).The results demonstrate that CNOP-type errors cause the largest prediction error of ENSO in the ZC model.By analyzing the behavior of CNOP- type errors,we find that for the normal states and the relatively weak El Nino events in the ZC model,the predictions tend to yield false alarms due to the uncertainties caused by CNOP.For the relatively strong El Nino events,the ZC model largely underestimates their intensities.Also,our results suggest that the error growth of El Nino in the ZC model depends on the phases of both the annual cycle and ENSO.The condition during northern spring and summer is most favorable for the error growth.The ENSO prediction bestriding these two seasons may be the most diffcult.A linear singular vector(LSV)approach is also used to estimate the error growth of ENSO,but it underestimates the prediction uncertainties of ENSO in the ZC model.This result indicates that the different initial errors cause different amplitudes of prediction errors though they have same magnitudes.CNOP yields the severest prediction uncertainty.That is to say,the prediction skill of ENSO is closely related to the types of initial error.This finding illustrates a theoretical basis of data assimilation.It is expected that a data assimilation method can filter the initial errors related to CNOP and improve the ENSO forecast skill.
Improving the Vegetation Dynamic Simulation in a Land Surface Model by Using a Statistical-dynamic Canopy Interception Scheme

Canopy interception of incident precipitation,as a critical component of a forest’s water budget,can affect the amount of water available to the soil,and ultimately vegetation distribution and function.In this paper,a statistical-dynamic approach based on leaf area index and statistical canopy interception is used to parameterize the canopy interception process.The statistical-dynamic canopy interception scheme is implemented into the Community Land Model with dynamic global vegetation model(CLM-DGVM)to improve its dynamic vegetation simulation.The simulation for continental China by the land surface model with the new canopy interception scheme shows that the new one reasonably represents the precipitation intercepted by the canopy.Moreover,the new scheme enhances the water availability in the root zone for vegetation growth,especially in the densely vegetated and semi-arid areas,and improves the model’s performance of potential vegetation simulation.
Third Order Effect of Rotation on Stellar Oscillations of a B Star

We aim at investigating the effect of rotation up to the third order in the angular velocity of a star on the p and g modes,based on the formalism developed by Soufi et al.Our ultimate goal is the study of oscillations ofβCephei stars which are often rapidly rotating stars.Our results show that the third-order perturbation formalism presented by Soufi et al. should be corrected for some missing terms and some misprints in the equations.As a first step in our study ofβCephei stars,we quantify by numerical calculations the effect of rota- tion on the oscillation frequencies of a uniformly rotating zero-age main-sequence star with 12 M_⊙.For an equatorial velocity of 100 km s~(-1),it is found that the second- and third-order corrections for (l,m)=(2,2),for instance,are of the order of 0.01% of the frequency for radial order n=6 and reaches up to 0.5% for n=14.
Influence of the Tibetan Plateau on the Summer Climate Patterns over Asia in the IAP/LASG SAMIL Model

A series of numerical experiments are carried out by using the Spectral Atmospheric Model of State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics/Institute of Atmospheric Physics(SAMIL)to investigate how the Tibetan Plateau(TP)mechanical and thermal forcing affect the circulation and climate patterns over subtropical Asia.It is shown that,compared to mechanical forcing,the thermal forcing of TP plays a dominant role in determining the large-scale circulation in summer. Both the sensible heating and the latent heating over TP tend to generate a surface cyclonic circulation and a gigantic anticyclonic circulation in the mid-and upper layers,whereas the direct effect of the latter is much more significant.Following a requirement of the time-mean quasi-geostrophic vorticity equation for large-scale air motion in the subtropics,convergent flow and vigorous ascending motion must appear to the east of TP.Hence the summer monsoon in East China is reinforced effciently by TP.In contrast,the atmosphere to the west of TP is characterized by divergent flow and downward motion,which induces the arid climate in Mid-Asia.
Extraction of scandium from red mud by modified activated carbon and kinetics study

Activated carbon (AC) was modified by tri-butyl phosphate (TBP) for selectively extracting scandium from red mud and characterized by BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) surface area. The modified AC had a preferential adsorption to scandium. The influences of adsorbent dosage, adsorption temperature, and time on adsorption capacity and selectivity to scandium were examined. An optimum adsorbent dosage (6.25 g/L), adsorption temperature (308 K), and adsorption time (40 min) were figured out. A pseudo-second-order kinetics model was employed for describing the adsorption process of scandium.
鼻咽癌放疗后渗出性中耳炎的原因分析

目的 探讨鼻咽癌放疗后渗出性中耳炎长期存在的相关原因。方法 对40例中耳炎患者采用~(60)Co + 深部X线常规外照射。中耳、内耳在照射野的边界。鼻咽原发灶剂量68 ～ 72Gy。采用X~2检验及成组资料的比较分析方法分析40例中耳炎患者的年龄、性别、鼻咽原发灶大小、放疗前是否有中耳炎、鼻咽原发灶侵及部位等因素与放疗后产生中耳炎的关系。结果 患者年龄、性别、鼻咽原发灶大小等因素对放疗后渗出性中耳炎的发生无影响（P > 0.05）。而鼻咽癌放疗前有中耳炎、鼻咽肿瘤侵及侧壁与放疗后中耳炎长期存在关系密切（P < 0.01，P < 0.05）。根据成组资料的比较分析发现鼻咽癌放疗前有中耳炎、有肿瘤侵犯鼻咽侧壁等两因素预测放疗后是否长期存在渗出性中耳炎的优势比分别为5.9和3.4。结论 放疗前有中耳炎而导致放疗后中耳炎长期存在的风险是放疗前无中耳炎的5.9倍，有肿瘤侵犯鼻咽侧壁而导致放疗后中耳炎长期存在的风险是放疗前无肿瘤侵犯鼻咽侧壁的3.4倍，而放疗后渗出性中耳炎的发生与性别、年龄、鼻咽原发灶大小无关。
对“十五”期间农业工作的思考

农业经营管理工作原本是一门社会科学与自然科学相互交织的边缘科学，主要是以调查、研究农村社会经济的发生发展，为上层领域决策提供依据的一项工作。90年代后，随着农村社会经济的深化改革，以及农业和农村经济结构战略性的调整，更加繁衍和丰富了农经工作的内涵。“十五”期间它将是在围绕稳定农村双重基本经营制度，搞好农村土地承包，减轻农民负担和集体财务资产三大管理的基础上，切实抓好农业产业化经营，农民专业合作经济组织和农业社会化服务体系建设这三项指导工作。也即是今后几年内，农经工作的重心应该是强化三大管理，积极探索三项指导工作。
70例屈光性调节性内斜视的综合治疗

共同性内斜视以屈光性调节性内斜视（refractive accommodative esotropia, RAET）为主要类型，临床上较为多见。它的发生与远视眼调节，AC／A比值及融合功能密切相关。此型内斜视如能早期发现，及时娇正视力，戴合适眼镜，必要时结合弱视治疗、手术治疗，均能恢复眼位。我院1995年以来对70例屈光性调节性内斜视的儿童进行了检查、分类，采取了不同的治疗方法，并随访2年，现报道如下。
冬眠合剂加纳络酮治疗海洛因依赖疗效观察

目的  在取得治疗效果的同时，如何减少冬眠合剂对海洛因依赖者的不良影响。方法  将20例海洛因依赖者随机分为冬眠合剂治疗组（对照组）和冬眠合剂加纳络酮治疗组（观察组），每组各100例，观察两组的治疗效果及治疗过程中患者出现的不良反应。结果  对照组脱瘾成功98例，平均住院14.6 d，治疗过程中有5例呼吸道感染，2例呼吸抑制，12例直立性低血压，12例发热；观察组脱瘾成功100例，平均住院9.7d，有1例呼吸道感染，2例发热，未发生呼吸抑制及直立性低血压。结论  冬眠合剂加纳络酮是治疗海洛因依赖者的一种较安全、有效的方法。
广东省糖尿病危险因素流行病学分析

目的  探讨和了解广东地区糖尿病的主要危险因素。方法  在广东省1998年全省糖汜病流行学抽样调查中，以直接询问法调查20～74岁人群共11742例（男5450例、女6292例）。所有对象均进行早晨空腹口服75g葡萄糖2 h后测定血浆血糖，对糖耐量低减（IGT）者择期重新测定空腹血糖和再次口服75g葡萄糖后2 h血糖，以明确诊断。结果  单因素分析显示，年龄、家族史、高血压、运动量、BMI、腰臀围比及经济收入水平共7个因素与糖尿病危险相关。经多元Logistic逐步回归分析，年龄≥50岁的OR为2.052 5(1.5676～2.6874)，有糖尿病家族史的OR为3.2101(2.019.1～5.1035)，有高血压的OR为3.0875(2.2456～4.2449)，BMI≥25的OR为2.5381(1.9052～3.3812)，腰臀围比≥0.9的OR为2.2546(1.6897～3.0083)，中度以下职业运动量的OR为1.6439(1.2169～2.2209)，经济收入水平与糖尿病发病风险的关系无统计学意义。结论  年龄、家族史、高血压、运动量、BMI及腰臀围比是广东省糖尿病发病危险的最主要预测因素，吸烟、喝酒及经济生活水平并非一个独立的危险因素。
石阡县农村产业结构现状与调整构想及措施

石阡县是一个典型的山区农业县，地处汀西丘陵向云贵高原过渡的梯状大斜坡地带，武陵山脉之西南缘。区位条件差，位于贵州东北部，铜仁地区西南部。全县土地总面积2172.4km~2，地势由东南向西北逐渐倾斜。境内山峦起伏，沟谷纵横，森林灌丛、草山草坡与农地错杂相嵌分布，农地主要分布于山腰梯台地与平缓的山顶或较大的河流沿岩。境内土地类型多样，主要土壤有黄壤和石灰土，面积分别占土壤评价面积的61.3%和22.76%，质地以粘质和砾土为主，分别占40.08%和30.68%。表层厚度小于14cm占77.6%, 14～20 cm占18.84%，有机质含量一般为4%～5%, pH值6.5～7.5，土壤肥力中等境内耕地面积2.97hm~2(测算面积），中低产田土占80％以上，属典型的岩溶化土地环境。石阡县属中亚热带季风湿润气候，多年平均日照时数为1232.9 h，主要农作物生长季平均日照时数为951.7h，四季平均气温分别为：春季16.8 ℃，夏季26 ℃，秋季17.8 ℃，冬季6.8 ℃，全年无霜期303 d。由于这些特殊的地域特点和气候特征严重地制约着石阡县农村经济的发展。所以，农村产业结构调整问题，是农村经济发展中带整体性、全局性和长远性的战略问题，也是可持续农业发展中的重要问题。
胃十二指肠疾病患者的胃排空功能

目的 探讨胃十二指肠疾病患者固体食物胃排空功能的变化。方法 采用固体核素~(99m)Tc-DTPA显像法测定32例胃十二指肠疾病患者90min胃排空率。结果 胃溃疡及十二指明怕球部溃疡20例中胃排空率正常14例，降低4例，升高2例。胃炎12例中胃排空率正常10例，降低2例。结论 胃十二指肠疾病患者固体胃排空功能无明显变化。
卵巢癌术后复发并皮肤及肺部广泛转移1例

患者，女，36岁，1996年4月因盆腔包块入我院行全子宫、左侧卵巢肿瘤切除，右侧卵巢腹壁下转位术，病理报告：左卵巢黏液性囊腺癌II级。术后按期给予6次化疗。2001年3月无明显诱因逐渐出现多发性皮下结节，分布于颅顶、颈后，左前臂、背部等处，质硬，无红肿疼痛、呈进行性增大。并出现双手中指、无名指第二指间关节僵硬，呈屈曲状，似有晨僵，无红肿热痛。同时感腰痛，右小腿麻木，无明显放射痛。5月8日门诊以类风湿性关节炎？收入院。体查：颅顶、颈后、左前臂及右胸背部均可及皮下结节，大小从1.0cm * 1.0cm至3.0cm * 3.0cm不等，质地较硬，无红肿压痛、色素沉着，表面光滑，边界清楚，活动度差。全身浅表淋巴结未及肿大。右下肺叩诊呈浊音，呼吸音减弱，未闻及明显干湿性啰音，腹平软，未及包块。腰3，4锥体及椎旁轻压痛与叩击痛。双手中指、无名指第二指间关节屈曲，可被动伸直。右小腿以下L_4, L_5,S_1支配区域感觉减退。双侧直腿抬高及加强试验阴性。血沉81mm/h；C反应蛋白161.0 mg/L；类风湿因子及抗“O”正常；自身抗体谱均为阴性；血清乳酸脱氢酶、甲胎蛋白、癌胚抗原、雌二醇、β－绒毛膜促性腺激素均正常；X线片示：①右肺下叶不全性不张伴炎性改变，右侧中量胸腔积液。②胸腰椎骨质增生，腰3／4椎间盘突出可能性大。③右中指指间关节间隙狭窄，中指屈曲变短。B超：①肝胆脾胰肾未见异常回声。②右胸腔积液。③右下腹可见卵巢回声，盆腔空虚，未见包块。胸水常规：红色浑浊，利凡他试验阳性，白细胞2.8 * 10~9/L，单个核细胞0.25，多核细胞0.75，红细胞1.8 * 10~9/L，红细胞形态基本正常。胸水乳酸脱氢酶375 U/L；总蛋白43.7 g/L。胸水细胞学检查：查见瘤细胞。胸背部皮下结节活检病理诊断：（背部皮下）转移性卵黏液性乳头状腺癌。
切开复位内固定治疗移位锁骨骨折64例

锁骨骨折治疗方法有闭合复位外固定及切开复位内固定两种。我院1995年6月至2000年6月共收治65例患者，均采用小切口复位加克氏针及钢丝或张力带内固定术，疗效满意。报道如下。
慢性精神病患者伴发病毒性乙型肝炎状况分析

乙型病毒肝炎严重危害人类健康，已成为一个世界性的重要公共卫生问题，我国是其高发地区之一，临床上，它亦是精神病等慢性病最常见的躯体疾病的一种。为了解其具体的感染情况，作者于2001年4月对我院江村分院全体慢性精神病患者进行HBV感染的血清学分析，现将结果报道如下。
急诊腹部手术术后镇痛对机体应激反应的影响

目的  探讨患者自控硬膜外镇痛（PCEA）对急诊腹部手术患者应激反应的影响。方法  将48例急诊腹部手术患者随机分为两组：PCEA组（A）和非PCEA组（B），对患者术后的镇痛效果及患者术前、术后应激反应的部分指标进行观察。结果  A组镇痛效果良好，患者满意度高（P < 0.01）；术前各项指标无差异，术后血清白细胞计数、C－反应蛋白、血糖和皮质醇浓度A组均明显低于B组（P < 0.05），前白蛋白浓度A组明显高于B组（P < 0.05）。结论  术后PCEA能抑制机体的应激反应，稳定内环境，有利于急诊腹部手术患者术后机体的康复。
双腔支气管导管行肺隔离术时导管型号选择和管端定位

在支气管水平将两侧肺通气径路分隔开的麻醉技术谓之肺隔离（separation of the two lungs）。胸科手术麻醉时进行两侧肺隔离能使健侧肺免受患侧肺引流出的分泌物或血液的污染；当患侧肺和支气管开放时仍能保证对健侧肺的有效通气；仅对健侧肺通气能使患侧肺萎陷，为手术（特别是胸腔镜手术）提供清晰的术野；还可根据病情需要对两侧肺行不同方式通气。本文重点叙述用双腔支气管导管（DLT）行肺隔离术时，导管型号的合理选择和导管管端的正确定位。
具有双向溢出效应的上游企业R&D政策研究

本文在具有纵向关系的两个上游企业和一个采用Leontief生产技术的下游企业的框架内，研究上游企业具有双向溢出效应的R&D政策。政府应鼓励兼并、补贴上游企业的R&D，并加速R&D成果扩散。
资本经营：低成本扩张的有效途径——中国长城铝业公司资本经营的个案研究

资本经营作为资本扩张的主要途径，国外大企业基本上都采用购并的方式。而中国长城铝业公司基于资本的增值性、流动性和安全性等基本理念，根据中国国情和本企业实际采取裂变式发展，设立股份有限公司和租凭经营两种方式，收到比购并方式更好的效果。低成本扩张反映的是企业生产某种特定产品中的成本和收益的关系，只有那些有利于降低成本、提高利润的资本扩张，才可以说是低成本的扩张。资产交易成交只是资本经营的起点，资本经营是否成功，最终要看资本经营的效果。长铝的资本经营模式对推动和提高国企资本经营的效果提供了有益的借鉴和启示。
我国银企债务重组的博弈分析

在以债转股为主的债务重组中，政府-银行-资产管理公司-企业四者之间存在着既定的信息结构、契约关系和利益结构，各参与方处于相互影响、相互利用、相互竞争、相互合作、相互交易等等一系列关系当中。在这些关系中，每个人、每个集团都有自己的特殊利益，都想通过自己的某种活动谋取自身利益的最大化，但问题是资源是有限的。无论是对银企债务重组的理论分析，还是政策制定，运用博弈的方法是必须的。因为要使政策实施可行或理论分析有效，须要考虑这样的情形：你有政策别人就会有对策；你要是自己的政策有效，就必须充分考虑到别人可能采取的各种对策，以使你的政策本身符合纳什均衡的要求。这样才能达到预期的效果。
董事会的构成与其职能发挥

董事会的构成可以从董事的年龄、性别、董事长与总经理（CEO）是否兼任等不同方面进行划分，限于篇幅，本文主要从董事的独立性大小或是否直接参与公司的高层管理，将董事会的构成分为执行董事和非执行董事，也称内部董事和外部董事。北美一些国家所称的内部董事，是指那些同时也是公司职员的董事；外部董事则指那些不属于公司职员的董事。
关于中国企业文化建设现状的基本判断及对策

分析中国企业文化建设的现状和发展态势看，笔者的基本判断和提出的对策如下。第一，我国的企业文化建设已经从“移植组装”开始向“自主开发”的成长阶段迈进，但总体上看发展很不平衡；第二，我国对企业文化的理论研究方兴未艾；第三，许多大企业集团已经把企业文化建设作为企业全部工作的重要内容积极推进；第四，企业家是构成企业核心竞争力的基本要素，也是培育独特的积极向上的企业精神的关键所在；第五，企业领导人开始注重企业文化中人才的要素及其价值的开发与利用；第六，诚信是市场经济的生命所在，是建立规范的社会主义市场经济秩序的重要条件；第七，当今社会是一个崇尚品牌的时代；第八，世界文化相互兼容，丰富多彩；第九，现代社会是学习化的社会，新经济中的霸主将是那些建立在文化创新基础上的企业；第十，从长远看，中国企业文化建设的目标是努力培育和发展与现代企业制度相适应的具有中国特色的社会主义企业文化。
我国货币政策信贷传导渠道存在的问题及其解决思路

一般来说，货币政策可以通过利率（贷币价格）、资产价格和银行信贷等三个渠道，经过货币市场、金融市场和实体经济三个环节，作用于投资、消费和进出口三个变量影响实体经济，发挥其调节宏观经济的功能。我国改革开放之前，只有信贷政策，基本上没有其他的货币政策工具和完整的现代意义上的货币的概念。改革开放以来，随着经济体制改革的深化和金融市场的发展，货币政策工具逐渐多了起来，货币政策传导开始从单纯的直接信贷传导向信贷、利率和资产价格多渠道传导过渡。
建设强健的金融支持经济发展

我国现代建设和对外开放已经进入一个新阶段，面对更为复杂的国际国内经济形势，改革和发展的任务十分艰巨。在新的阶段，经济发展必须解决好三个基本问题：保持经济持续增长，加快改革与国际规则接轨，应对全球化和知识经济的潮流。实现这个战略任务，金融是基础和保障。建设一个强大稳健高效率的金融，关系我国经济金融的安全，更关系发展的效率和国际竞争力，这是一个至关重要的问题。
组合结构在欧洲的新进展

这里的组合节点是指组合梁和钢柱或者组合梁和组合柱连接的半刚性节点，图6为组合点节的几种典型的连接方式。早在1981年，Johnson等人就提出，组合连接可以作为一个组合单元来进行分析。在新修订的欧洲规范4中，已经明确定义组合节点作为一个连接单元，其受拉钢筋对节点的承载力有贡献。但是，欧洲规范4没有给出详细的设计条文。最近，欧洲钢结构协会（ECCS）发表了组合节点的设计建议，其范围包括了半刚性连接和部分强度连接的设计。
新型给水管材设计施工中应注意的问题

新型管材包括聚乙烯类、聚丙烯类、复合管类等。介绍了管材的选择、防止和减少热胀冷缩的影响等工程设计及施工中应注意的问题，探讨了在标准规范不完善的情况下，新型管材在施工中应注意的改进措施。
石灰沉淀-结晶法处理高浓度含磷废水

采用石灰沉淀与脱磷固定床结晶法技术处理高浓度含磷废水的试验结果与工程实践表明，该方法处理含磷废水除磷效率高，出水水质稳定，且可回用。
氧化偶合絮凝法（OF）处理微污染水源水的应用研究

采用氧化偶合絮凝（OF）技术对受微污染的珠江水进行处理，通过烧杯搅拌试验，考察了OF技术除污效能，在此基础上进行现场中试。结果表明，在常规给水处理工艺条件下，OF技术对浊度，COD_(Mn)，NH_3-N，NH_2~--N等有较好的去除效果，为工程设计提供了依据。
集中热水系统中无效冷水的实测分析与节水改造

对建筑集中热水系统的无效冷水量进行了实际测试，并对不同循环方式产生的无效冷水量进行了理论计算和比较，分析了无效冷水产生的主要原因，同时针对无效冷水提出节水措施。
多点进出水例置A~2/O工艺

针对我国污水排放标准只要求部分硝化和除磷而不要求脱氮的情况，在以往的A~2/O工艺基础上，提出多点进出水倒置A~2/O工艺并以该工艺的特点和设计计算方法进行了详细的阐述。
国外污泥热干燥技术

介绍了国外的污泥热干燥技术的发展，并就污泥干燥设备的类型和工作原理进行了阐述。主要包括了闪蒸式干燥器、转筒式干燥器、螺环式干燥器、带式干燥器、薄膜干燥器、喷雾式干燥器和多效蒸发器等几种类型的设备及其工作原理。认为污泥干燥技术拓展了污泥的处置手段，为污泥的安全、可靠利用与处理提供了保障。
雌激素高表达与前列腺增生

引言 良性前列腺增生（benigh prostatic hyperplasia，BPH）病因尚无定论，可能与一些基因表达异常和各种生长因子的相互作用以及雌雄激素的失衡有关。本研究比较BPH和健康男性的前列腺组织雌激素受体（ER）含量和血清雌二醇（E_2）水平，探讨ER含量和E_2水平在BPH发生中作用。
经皮穿刺加热无水乙醇注射治疗肝癌的实验研究

Kawai等于1998年提出了经皮穿刺加热无水乙醇瘤内注射疗法（Percutaneou hot ethanol injection therapy, PHEIT），主要是介绍了一种乙醇持续加热装置。我们采用离体猪肝和兔肿瘤模型对该疗法进行了研究，评估加热乙醇所致凝固灶大小及其临床应用前景。