mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
How diplomacy saved the COP21 Paris Climate Conference, but now, can we save ourselves?

To solve a problem, three things are necessary: awareness, means, and will. The 2015 COP21 Paris accord was a masterful, perhaps even world-saving, diplomatic advance toward making the world aware of climate change. Some of that success may have been because publications from the IPCC and the National Academy of Science were made available, on line, as prepublication offerings, in order to be widely viewed before the Paris Climate Conference. This provided diplomats and negotiators with the latest information about climate change, its nearness in time, its consequences, and how well current mitigation technologies can succeed. Whatever the reasons, the Paris Climate Conference, was a success. Leaders of 195 nations agreed that climate change is a real and present danger to life as is known to all. This important understanding was accomplished despite the presentation of well established scientific facts which, without very diplomatic handling, could easily have evoked overwhelming political opposition to an agreement and thus another COP failure. In this paper, the fact that how some scientific truths, written specifically to be overlooked, were presented in order to prepare COP21 participants for the conference is explained. Besides, the effectiveness and efficiency of currently favored mitigation policies, the extent of ongoing progress to better ones, and finally, how a new appreciation of climate change consequences can strengthen the will of nation states and industries to work toward solutions are evaluated.
Evolution of individual quantum Hall edge states in the presence of disorder

By using the Bloch eigenmode matching approach, we numerically study the evolution of individual quantum Hall edge states with respect to disorder. As demonstrated by the two-parameter renormalization group flow of the Hall and Thouless conductances, quantum Hall edge states with high Chern number n are completely different from that of the n = 1 case. Two categories of individual edge modes are evaluated in a quantum Hall system with high Chern number. Edge states from the lowest Landau level have similar eigenfunctions that are well localized at the system edge and independent of the Fermi energy. On the other hand, at fixed Fermi energy, the edge state from higher Landau levels exhibit larger expansion, which results in less stable quantum Hall states at high Fermi energies. By presenting the local current density distribution, the effect of disorder on eigenmode-resolved edge states is distinctly demonstrated.
In-situ stress distribution and coalbed methane reservoir permeability in the Linxing area, eastern Ordos Basin, China

Understanding the distribution of in-situ stresses is extremely important in a wide range of fields such as oil and gas exploration and development, CO_2 sequestration, borehole stability, and stress-related geohazards assessment. In the present study, the in-situ stress distribution in the Linxing area of eastern Ordos Basin, China, was analyzed based on well tested parameters. The maximum horizontal principal stress (S_(Hmax)), minimum horizontal principal stress (S_(hmin)), and vertical stress (S_v) were calculated, and they were linearly correlated with burial depth. In general, two types of in-situ stress fields were determined in the Linxing area: (i) the in-situ stress state followed the relation S_v>S_(Hmax)>S_(hmin) in shallow layers with burial depths of less than about 940 m, indicating a normal faulting stress regime; (ii) the S_(Hmax) magnitude increased conspicuously and was greater than the Sv magnitude in deep layers with depths more than about 940 m, and the in-situ stress state followed the relation S_(Hmax)>S_v>S_(hmin), demonstrating a strike-slip faulting stress regime. The horizontal differential stress (S_(Hmax)–S_(hmin)) increased with burial depth, indicating that wellbore instability may be a potentially significant problem when drilling deep vertical wells. The lateral stress coefficient ranged from 0.73 to 1.08 with an average of 0.93 in the Linxing area. The coalbed methane (CBM) reservoir permeability was also analyzed. No obvious exponential relationship was found between coal permeability and effective in-situ stress magnitude. Coal permeability was relatively high under a larger effective in-situ stress magnitude. Multiple factors, including fracture development, contribute to the variation of CBM reservoir permeability in the Linxing area of eastern Ordos Basin.
Thermal-history reconstruction of the Baiyun Sag in the deep-water area of the Pearl River Mouth Basin, northern South China Sea

The Baiyun Sag, located in the deep-water area of the northern South China Sea, is the largest and deepest subbasin in the Pearl River Mouth Basin and one of the most important hydrocarbon-accumulation depression areas in China. Thermal history is widely thought to be of great importance in oil and gas potential assessment of a basin as it controls the timing of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion from the source rock. In order to unravel the paleo-heat flow of the Baiyun Sag, we first analyzed tectonic subsidence of 55 pseudo-wells constructed based on newly interpreted seismic profiles, along with three drilled wells. We then carried out thermal modeling using the multi-stage finite stretching method and calibrated the results using collected present-day vitrinite reflectance data and temperature data. Results indicate that the first and second heating of the Baiyun Sag after 49 Ma ceased at 33.9 Ma and 23 Ma. Reconstructed average basal paleoheat flow values at the end of the rifting periods are ~57.7– 86.2 mW/m~2 and ~66.7–97.3 mW/m~2, respectively. Following the last heating period at 23 Ma, the study area has undergone a persistent thermal attenuation phase, and basal heat flow has cooled down to ~64.0–79.2 mW/m~2 at present.
Synthesis of cobalt vanadium nanomaterials for efficient electrocatalysis of oxygen evolution

A low-cost and high-activity catalyst for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is the key to the water splitting technology for hydrogen generation. Here we report the use of three solvents, DMF, ethanol and glycol, in the solvothermal synthesis of three nano-catalysts, Co_3(VO_4)_2-I, Co_3(VO_4)_2-II, and Co_3(VO_4)_2-III, respectively. Transmission electron microscope shows Co_3(VO_4)_2-I, II, and III exist as ultrafine nanosheets, ultrathin nanofilms, and ultrafine nanosheet-comprised microspheres, respectively. These Co_3(VO_4)_2 catalysts exhibit OER electrocatalysis, among which the Co_3(VO_4)_2-II shows the lowest onset overpotential of 310 mVand only requires a small overpotential of 330 mV to drive current density of 10 mA/cm~2. Due to their high surface free energy, the ultrathin nanofilms of Co_3(VO_4)_2- II exhibits a good immobilization effect with the high electrocatalytic activity for OER.
Self-supported transition metal phosphide based electrodes as high-efficient water splitting cathodes

Electrolytic water splitting has been considered as a promising technology to produce highly pure H_2 by using electrical power produced from wind, solar energy or other fitful renewable energy resources. Combining novel self-supporting structure and high-performance transition metal phosphides (TMP) shows substantial promise for practical application in water splitting. In this review, we try to provide a comprehensive analysis of the design and fabrication of various self-supported TMP electrodes for hydrogen evolution reaction, which are divided into three categories: catalysts growing on carbon-based substrates, catalysts growing on metal-based substrates and freestanding catalyst films. The material structures together with catalytic performances of self-supported electrodes are presented and discussed. We also show the specific strategies to further improve the catalytic performance by elemental doping or incorporation of nanocarbons. The simple and one-step methods to fabricate self-supported TMP electrodes are also highlighted. Finally, the challenges and perspectives for self-supported TMP electrodes in water splitting application are briefly discussed.
Origin of tendon stem cells in situ

BACKGROUND: Adult stem cells are surveillance repositories capable of supplying a renewable source of progenitors for tissue repair and regeneration to maintain tissue homeostasis throughout life. Many tissue-resident stem cells have been identified in situ, which lays the foundation for studying them in their native microenvironment, i.e. the niche. Within the musculoskeletal system, muscle stem cells have been unequivocally identified in the mouse, which have led to considerable advances in understanding their role in muscle homeostasis and regeneration. On the other hand, for bone and tendon progenitor cells, mesenchymal stem cells have been used as the main in vitro cell model as they can differentiate into osteogenic, chondrogenic and tenogenic fates. Despite considerable efforts and employment of modern tools, the in vivo origins of bone and tendon stem cells remain debated. Tendon regeneration via stem cells is understudied and deserves attention as tendon damage is noted for a bleak, time-consuming recovery and the repaired tendon seldom regains the structural integrity and strength of the native, uninjured state. OBJECTIVE: Here we review the past efforts and recent studies toward defining adult tendon stem cells and understanding tendon regeneration instead of tendon development. The focus is on adult tendon resident cells in situ and the uncertainty of their roles in regeneration. METHODS: A systematic literature search using the Pubmed search engine was conducted encompassing the seminal papers in the tendon field. CONCLUSIONS: Investigation of tendon stem cells in situ is in its infancy mainly due to lack of necessary tools and standardized injury model.We propose a concerted effort toward establishing a comprehensive cell atlas of the tendon, making genetic tools and choosing a reliable injury model for coordinated studies among different laboratories. Increasing our basic understanding should aid future therapeutic innovations to shorten and enhance the tendon repair/regeneration process.
The effect of parasitic charge on the output stability of MEMS gyroscopes

Output voltage drifting was observed in MEMS gyroscopes.Other than the quadrature error,frequency mismatch and quality factor,the dielectric parasitic charge was thought to be a major determinant.We studied the mechanism and variation of the parasitic charge in the MEMS gyroscopes,and analyzed the effect of the parasitic charge on the output stability.This phenomenon was extremely obvious in the Pyrex encapsulated MEMS gyroscopes.Due to the DC voltage required for the electrostatic actuation,the parasitic charge in the dielectric layer would accumulate and induce a residual voltage.This voltage had an impact on the resonant frequency of the gyroscopes,so as to affect the output stability.The theoretical studies were also confirmed by our experimental results.It was shown that the parasitic charge was harmful to the output stability of MEMS gyroscopes.
Immune-related gene expression in the early development of lamprey larva

Agnathans, represented by lamprey and hagfish, are believed to be the oldest vertebrates, currently proved to possess the adaptive immune defenses [1,2]. Though T-cell receptor (TCR) and B-cell receptor do not exist in jawless vertebrates, recent findings in lamprey have revealed that it possesses an alternative immune system that could specifically recognize and respond to external pathogens [1]. This system undergoes germline genomic rearrangements of insertion of diverse leucinerich repeat modules to generate a large number of different variable lymphocyte receptors (VLRs) for resisting the invasion of pathogens [1,2]. Three types of receptors, VLRA, VLRB, and VLRC, have been identified in lampreys [3]. Recent evidence indicated that VLRA and VLRB are expressed in different cell types that resemble T and B cells of jawed vertebrates, respectively. After being infected by specific pathogen, VLRB lymphocytes express specific VLRB molecules which undergo amplified expression and begin to secrete VLRB in a manner analogous to the secretion of immunoglobulin by B cells in jawed vertebrates [3]. Characteristic genes expressed by VLRA, VLRB, and VLRC lymphocyte populations include transcription factors, cytokines, or chemokines and their receptors, integrins, toll-like receptors (TLRs), and various signaling molecules [1,3]. Metamorphosis is present in all families of Petromyzoniformes, the lampreys. During lamprey metamorphosis,dramatic biochemical, cellular, and morphological changes occur at the time of lamprey metamorphosis that are crucial for this event, as well as for the maintenance of larval behavior and metabolism [4]. Gene expressions of VLRA, VLRB, and VLRC lymphocytes are of interest before and after metamorphosis, which may offer new insights into the evolution of adaptive immunity. Comparison of the expressions of a selective panel of genes between larva and adult will reveal different gene expression profiles, and the distinctions are particularly informative for the larva and adult. Here, we described the gene expressions of VLRA, VLRB, and VLRC lymphocytes before and after metamorphosis.
Correlation of Leaf and Root Senescence During Ripening in Dry Seeded and Transplanted Rice

Dry seeding is a resource-saving rice establishment method.With an equivalent yield,dry seeded flooded rice (DSR)has been considered as a replacement for traditional transplanted flooded rice (TFR).However,the differences in leaf and root senescence during grain filling between DSR and TFR were seldom identified.In this study,the root length,root tip number and leaf senescence of rice varieties Huanghuazhan and Yangliangyou 6 during ripening were compared between DSR and TFR.Results showed that top three leaves in DSR had the characteristics of relatively lower SPAD value,lower N content and premature leaf senescence.In addition,both the total root length and total root tip number of DSR were significantly lower than those of TFR.In conclusion,premature and quick leaf senescence was related with inadequate root length and root tip number during ripening,which might result from the deficiency of nitrogen supply in DSR.Techniques on improving leaf nitrogen status and delaying the leaf senescence during grain-filling in DSR should be developed in future researches.
基于遗传算法的灾害应急多星动态任务规划方法

我国自然灾害发生频率高、灾害种类多,易造成大量的人员伤亡和经济损失。及时获取卫星遥感数据能够为应急救援、灾损评估以及灾后重建等提供灾情信息,辅助灾害管理部门进行决策。卫星任务规划是卫星数据获取过程中的关键环节之一。目前卫星任务规划方法大多应用于日常任务的静态调度,难以及时应对灾害应急的成像需求;而在动态调度领域,尚缺乏有效的卫星规划方法以快速有效地获取灾害遥感数据信息。针对以上问题,本文提出了鲁棒性预测-反应式调度策略,将面向灾害应急需求的动态任务规划分解成多阶段的优化决策问题:第一阶段为预测式规划,生成鲁棒性基准规划方案;第二阶段为反应式规划,给定应急成像需求,调整前一阶段的既定成像方案,为应急任务分配卫星资源。本文的研究工作和创新点总结如下.
Numerical Simulation of Float-Over Installation for Offshore Platform

In this paper, a numerical investigation of a float-over installation for an offshore platform is presented to verify the feasibility of the actual installation. The hydrodynamic performance of a T-barge is investigated in the frequency domain, and the coupled motions are analyzed in the time domain.We then compare with those of the model test and determine that the response amplitude operator and the time series agree quite well. The barge exhibits favorable hydrodynamic behavior in the considered sea state, and the equipment loads are allowable. Themooring systemand sway fender forces are within the permissible range. Based on these results, we can verify that the actual installation of the offshore platform is feasible. We accurately simulated many important factors and effectively reduced the risk associated with the offshore installation, which is of great importance. As such, we demonstrate that the numerical simulation of the float-over installation for offshore platforms has practical engineering significance.
New-onset hyperglycemia immediately after liver transplantation: A national survey from China Liver Transplant Registry

Background: New-onset hyperglycemia(NOH) is a common phenomenon after liver transplantation(LT), but its impact on clinical outcomes has not yet been fully assessed. We aimed to evaluate the etiology and prognosis of NOH within 1 month after LT. Methods: The data of 3339 adult patients who underwent primary LT from donation after citizen death between January 2010 and June 2016 were extracted from China Liver Transplant Registry database and analyzed. NOH was defined as fasting blood glucose ≥7.0 mmol/L confirmed on at least two occasions within the first post-transplant month with or without hypoglycemic agent. Results: Of 3339 liver recipients, 1416(42.4%) developed NOH. Recipients with NOH had higher incidence of post-transplant complications such as graft and kidney failure, infection, biliary stricture, cholangitis, and tumor recurrence in a glucose concentration-dependent manner as compared to non-NOH recipients(P < 0.05). The independent risk factors of NOH were donor warm ischemic time >10 min, cold ischemic time >10 h, anhepatic time >60 min, recipient model for end-stage liver disease score >30, moderate ascites and corticosteroid usage(P<0.05). Liver enzymes(alanine aminotransferase and gammaglutamyltranspeptidase) on post-transplant day 7 significantly correlated with NOH(P<0.001). Conclusions: NOH leads to increased morbidity and mortality in liver recipients. Close surveillance and tight control of blood glucose are desiderated immediately following LT particularly in those with delayed graft function and receiving corticosteroid. Strategic targeting graft ischemic injury may help maintain glucose homeostasis.
Feature-Based Trajectory Privacy Preserving via Low-Rank and Sparse Decomposition

The disclosure of sensitive contents hidden in trajectories may jeopardize individuals' privacy security. The privacy preserving technologies on trajectories face the challenge of how to give consideration to the spatiotemporal structure of mobile data. Traditional trajectory privacy preserving tricks focus chiefly on partial structure, while ignoring global feature of trajectories. This research orientation tends to cause exorbitant distortion on the spatiotemporal structure of trajectories, which may give rise to low data utility. The moving behavior has itself innate sparseness feature. Thus a trajectory privacy preserving method based on feature maintaining is proposed by introducing the low-rank and sparse decomposition technique about large matrix. The proposed method iteratively decompose the feature matrix until the rank achieving stability to extract the primary feature and eliminate the private parts. The released trajectories are reconstructed by perturbing the final refined feature matrix with a series of low-rank components generated in the decomposition procedure. Experimental results on real-world dataset verified that the proposed method has low information loss on large-scale data.
Analysis of Commonly and Specifically Dysregulated Pathways in Three Women Cancers

Breast, ovarian and endometrial cancer are three most prevalent gynaecological malignancies. Identifying their common and specific biomarkers is significant for cancer prediction and therapy in females. We propose a method to identify dysregulated pathways in cancer through scoring pathways based on the molecular interaction data and genomic data. Commonly and specifically dysregulated pathways are analyzed across the above three female cancers, which have not been studied as a whole to the best of our knowledge. Our results demonstrate that all the three cancers have close relationships with Type II diabetes and cell cycle-related biology processes. Breast cancer is specifically related to immune system while ovarian cancer and endometrial cancer are associated with blood vascular-related systems such as renin-angiotensin system and coagulation system. In addition, dysregulated pathways are used to predict potential driver genes effectively according to their topological structure and biological information.
Rough Set Model for Cognitive Expectation Embedded Interval-Valued Decision Systems

Interval-valued information system is a kind of knowledge representation model for uncertain information. An interval-valued attribute has an expectation by experience or background knowledge, called cognitive expectation. There are few studies aiming at intervalvalued attributes with cognitive expectations. We propose the concept of Interval-valued decision system with expectations(IDSE). A new dominance relation based on the distances between expectations and interval values is constructed. Based on the constructed dominance relation, a rough set model for IDSE is investigated. Attribute reduction in IDSE is also examined by using discernibility matrices and discernibility functions.
Multiple UAVs cooperative formation forming control based on back-stepping-like approach

To ensure multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)reach stable formation quickly,a cooperative guidance law based on the back-stepping-like approach is designed in this paper.Adopting the guidance mechanism of virtue leader vehicle,the dynamic equation of tracking errors for each UAV is built.The communication interactive relationships are described based on graph theory,and the guidance law for formation reaching is obtained by the back-stepping-like approach.The formation stability is analyzed by constructing an appropriate Lyapunov function.The simulation results have shown that this guidance and control law can make each UAV converge to the trajectory of the virtue leader ultimately,and has the quicker rate of convergence and lower tracking error.
AN ECONOMIC MODEL-BASED MATCHING APPROACH BETWEEN BUYERS AND SELLERS THROUGH A BROKER IN AN OPEN E-MARKETPLACE

A broker in an open e-marketplace enables buyers and sellers to do business with each other. Although a broker plays an important role in e-marketplaces, theory and guidelines for matching between buyers and sellers in multi-attribute exchanges are limited. Therefore, a challenge for a broker's responsibility is how to maximize a buyer's total satisfaction degree as its goals under the consideration of trade-off between a buyer's buying quantity and price paid to a seller, and other attributes. To solve this challenge, this paper proposes an economic model-based matching approach between a buyer's requirements and a seller's offers. The major contributions of this paper are that (i) a broker can model a seller's price policy as per a buyer's buying quantity through communication between a broker and a seller; (ii) due to each buyer's different quantity demand, a broker models a buyer's satisfaction degree as per a buyer's buying quantity based on communication between a broker and a buyer; and (iii) to carry out a broker's matching processes, an objective function and a set of constraints are generated to help a broker to maximize a buyer's total satisfaction degree. Experimental results demonstrate the good performance of the proposed approach.
糖萼损伤在肾病综合征蛋白尿产生中的作用

肾病综合征(NS)是以大量蛋白尿、严重低蛋白血症、水肿及高脂血症为特征的肾科常见病症。蛋白尿的产生主要是肾小球滤过膜被破坏所致。滤过膜由内皮细胞、基底膜、足细胞三层结构组成,其中肾小球内皮细胞表面微孔直径60 ~ 100 nm,不足以阻挡白蛋白(4 nm×4 nm×8 nm)和大分子物质,因此长期以来肾小球滤过屏障的研究主要集中于足细胞和基底膜。但近年多项研究发现内皮细胞和足细胞表面各有一层200 ~ 400 nm厚多糖-蛋白质复合物,称为糖萼(glycoprotein E,GE),也是滤过膜的有效成分,其对维持滤过膜功能完整有重要的意义。本文就糖萼在NS蛋白尿发生中的作用进行综述,并探讨以糖萼为靶点治疗NS的可行性,为临床治疗NS蛋白尿寻找新的治疗靶点和药物提供理论依据。
灯盏花素注射液对腹腔镜全子宫切除术患者围术期应激反应及炎症反应的影响

目的探讨灯盏花素注射液对腹腔镜全子宫切除术患者围术期应激反应及炎症反应的影响。方法60例患者随机分为2组,每组30例,分别为灯盏花素注射液组和空白对照组,灯盏花素注射液组术前3 d静脉滴注灯盏花素注射液至术后3 d,空白对照组静脉滴注生理盐水。分别于手术前、手术结束时、手术后24 h、手术后3 d检测动脉血血清去甲肾上腺素(NE)、肾上腺素(E)、促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)、皮质醇(Cor)水平,以及各时间点血清炎性因子(TNF-α、IL-6、CRP)水平。结果与手术前比较,除灯盏花素注射液组手术后3 d IL-6水平无显著差异外(P > 0.05),2组手术结束时、手术后24 h、手术后3 d NE、Cor、E、ACTH、TNF-α、IL-6、CRP水平均显著升高(P < 0.05);与空白对照组比较,灯盏花素注射液组手术结束时、手术后24 h、手术后3 d NE、Cor水平均显著降低(P < 0.05),同时手术结束时、手术后24 h E、ACTH、TNF-α、IL-6、CRP水平均显著降低(P < 0.05)。结论灯盏花素注射液可明显减轻腹腔镜全子宫切除术患者围术期应激反应及炎症反应,有利于患者术后恢复。