mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Dietary inclusion of multispecies probiotics to reduce the severity of post-weaning diarrhea caused by Escherichia coli F18~+ in pigs

This study was aimed to determine the efficacy of multispecies probiotics in reducing the severity of post-weaning diarrhea caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) F18~+ on newly weaned pigs. Thirty-two pigs (16 barrows and 16 gilts, BW= 6.99 ± 0.33 kg) at 21 d of age were individually allotted in a randomized complete block design with 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Pigs were selected from sows not infected previously and not vaccinated against ETEC. Pigs were fed experimental diets for 25 d based on 10 d phase 1 and 15 d phase 2. The factors were ETEC challenge (oral inoculation of saline solution or E. coli F18~+ at 2×10~9 CFU) and probiotics (none or multispecies probiotics 0.15% and 0.10% for phase 1 and 2, respectively). Body weight and feed intake were measured on d 5, 9, 13, 19, and 25. Fecal scores were measured daily. Blood samples were taken on d 19 and 24. On d 25, all pigs were euthanized to obtain samples of digesta, intestinal tissues, and spleen. The tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFa), malondialdehyde (MDA), peptide YY (PYY), and neuropeptide Y (NPY) were measured in serum and intestinal tissue. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. The fecal score of pigs was increased (P < 0.05) by ETEC challenge at the postechallenge period. The ETEC challenge decreased (P < 0.05) jejunal villus height and crypt depth, tended to increase (P = 0.056) jejunal TNFa, increased (P < 0.05) ileal crypt depth, and decreased (P < 0.05) serum NPY. The probiotics decreased (P < 0.05) serum TNFa, tended to reduce (P = 0.064) jejunal MDA, tended to increase (P = 0.092) serum PYY, and increased (P < 0.05) jejunal villus height, and especially villus height-to-crypt depth ratio in challenged pigs. Growth performance of pigs were not affected by ETEC challenge, whereas the probiotics increased (P < 0.05) ADG and ADFI and tended to increase (P = 0.069) G:F ratio. In conclusion, ETEC F18~+ challenge caused diarrhea, intestinal inflammation and morphological damages without affecting the growth performance. The multispecies probiotics enhanced growth performance by reducing intestinal inflammation, oxidative stress, morphological damages.
Enhanced pyrocatalysis of the pyroelectric BiFeO_3/g-C_3N_4 heterostructure for dye decomposition driven by cold–hot temperature alternation

The BiFeO_3/g-C_3N_4 heterostructure, which is fabricated via a simple mixing–calcining method, benefits the significant enhancement of the pyrocatalytic performance. With the growth of g-C_3N_4 content in the heterostructure pyrocatalysts from 0 to 25%, the decomposition ratio of Rhodamine B (RhB) dye after 18 cold-hot temperature fluctuation (25-65 ℃) cycles increases at first and then decreases, reaching a maximum value of ~94.2% at 10% while that of the pure BiFeO_3 is ~67.7%. The enhanced dye decomposition may be due to the generation of the internal electric field which strengthens the separation of the positive and negative carriers and further accelerates their migrations. The intermediate products in the pyrocatalytic reaction also have been detected and confirmed, which proves the key role of the pyroelectric effect in realizing the dye decomposition using BiFeO_3/g-C_3N_4 heterostructure catalyst. The pyroelectric BiFeO_3/g-C_3N_4 heterostructure shows the potential application in pyrocatalytically degrading dye wastewater.
Electric modulation of conduction in MAPbBr_3 single crystals

The resistive switching (RS) mechanism of hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites has not been clearly understood until now. A switchable diode-like RS behavior in MAPbBr_3 single crystals using Au (or Pt) symmetric electrodes is reported. Both the high resistance state (HRS) and low resistance state (LRS) are electrode-area dependent and light responsive. We propose an electric-fielddriven inner p–n junction accompanied by a trap-controlled space-charge-limited conduction (SCLC) conduction mechanism to explain this switchable diode-like RS behavior in MAPbBr_3 single crystals.
Assessment of wear micromechanisms on a laser textured cemented carbide tool during abrasive-like machining by FIB/FESEM

The combined use of focused ion beam (FIB) milling and field-emission scanning electron microscopy inspection (FESEM) is a unique and successful approach for assessment of near-surface phenomena at specific and selected locations.In this study, a FIB/FESEM dual-beam platform was implemented to docment and analyze the wear micromechanisms on a laser-surface textured (LST) hardmetal (HM) tool.In particular, changes in surface and microstructural integrity of the laser-sculptured pyramids (effective cutting microfeatures) were characterized after testing the LST-HM tool against a steel workpiece in a workbench designed to simulate an external honing process.It was demonstrated that: (1) laser-surface texturing does not degrade the intrinsic surface integrity and tool effectiveness of HM pyramids;and (2) there exists a correlation between the wear and loading of shaped pyramids at the local level.Hence, the enhanced performance of the laser-textured tool should consider the pyramid geometry aspects rather than the microstructure assemblage of the HM grade used, at least for attempted abrasive applications.
Investigation on the wear of spur gears generated by modified cutter

Tooth surface wear damage is one of the main causes of gearing system failure.Excessive wear leads to tooth profile loss and an increase in transmission errors, as the worn gear surfaces are no longer conjugate.Thus, the enhancement of gear durability against wear is important for gear application.Recent works show that cutter modification can aid in reducing the tool wear in gear processing, while the wear performance of the gears produced by modified cutters is still unknown.Therefore, this study focuses on the wear performance of the gear generated by modified cutter.Numerical results show that the wear resistance can be enhanced through proper cutter modification.
Modified graphene as novel lubricating additive with high dispersion stability in oil

Graphene is a promising material as a lubricant additive for reducing friction and wear.Here, a dispersing method which combines chemical modification of graphene by octadecylamine and dicyclohexylcarbodiimide with a kind of effective dispersant has been successfully developed to achieve the remarkable dispersion stability of graphene in base oil.The stable dispersion time of modified graphene (0.5 wt%) with dispersant (1 wt%) in PAO-6 could be up to about 120 days, which was the longest time reported so far.At the same time, the lubricant exhibits a significant improvement of tribological performance for a steel ball to plate tribo-system with a normal load of 2 N.The coefficient of friction between sliding surfaces was ~0.10 and the depth of wear track on plate was ~21 nm, which decreased by about 44% and 90% when compared to pure PAO-6, respectively.Furthermore, the analysis of the lubricating mechanisms in regard to the sliding-induced formation of nanostructured tribo-film has been contacted by using Raman spectra and TEM.
The correlation between friction coefficient and areal topography parameters for AISI 304 steel sliding against AISI 52100 steel

Dry wear experiments provide an insight detail on how severely contacting surfaces change under unlubricated sliding condition.The theory of dry sliding wear is used for understanding mixed-lubrication regime in which asperity interactions play a significant role in controlling of the friction coefficient (f).The purpose of this work is to study the tribological behavior of AISI 304 steel in contact with AISI 52100 steel during wear.Both materials are used in rolling element bearings commanly.Experiments are carried out using a pin-on-disc tribometer under dry friction condition.The areal (three dimensional, 3D) topography parameters are measured using a 3D white light interferometer (WLI) with a 10×objective.After wear tests, wear mechanisms are analyzed utilizing scanning electron microscope (SEM).Factorial design with custom response surface design (C-RSD) is used to study the mutual effect of load and speed on response variables such as f and topography parameters.It is observed that the root mean square roughness (S_q) decreases with an increase in sliding time.Within the range of sliding time, S_q decreases with an increase in the normal load.Within the range of sliding speed and normal load, it is found that S_q, mean summit curvature (S_(sc)), and root mean square slope (S_(dq)) are positively correlated with f.Whereas, negative correlation is found between f and correlation length (S_(al)), mean summit radius (R), and core roughness depth (S_k).
Coordinative regulation of plants growth and development by light and circadian clock

The circadian clock, known as an endogenous timekeeping system, can integrate various cues to regulate plant physiological functions for adapting to the changing environment and thus ensure optimal plant growth. The synchronization of internal clock with external environmental information needs a process termed entrainment, and light is one of the predominant entraining signals for the plant circadian clock. Photoreceptors can detect and transmit light information to the clock core oscillator through transcriptional or post-transcriptional interactions with core-clock components to sustain circadian rhythms and regulate a myriad of downstream responses, including photomorphogenesis and photoperiodic flowering which are key links in the process of growth and development. Here we summarize the current understanding of the molecular network of the circadian clock and how light information is integrated into the circadian system, especially focus on how the circadian clock and light signals coordinately regulate the common downstream outputs. We discuss the functions of the clock and light signals in regulating photoperiodic flowering among various crop species.
Physiological and anatomical changes in two rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) genotypes under drought stress conditions

Understanding the mechanisms of drought resistance in crop species is crucial for the selection and breeding of tolerant rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) varieties.The present study aimed to assess the physiological and anatomical responses of two rapeseed genotypes,P287 (drought-tolerant) and T88 (drought-sensitive) under three intensities of drought stress.All physiological and anatomical parameters related to drought acclimation were significantly altered in both genotypes under stress conditions.At the fourth-leaf stage,the relative water content,chlorophyll content,protein content,malondialdehyde content,and the activities of peroxidase and catalase in P287 were significantly higher than those in T88,particularly under severe drought conditions.After rehydration,all physiological indexes recovered rapidly,especially in P287.In addition,under drought stress,compared with T88,P287 had thicker palisade tissue,thinner spongy tissue,higher ratio of chloroplast length to chloroplast width,higher stomatal density and stomatal closure rate.Overall,the interaction between physiological and anatomical features improved the drought tolerance of P287 under drought stress conditions.
Transcriptome analysis reveals genes expression pattern of seed response to heat stress in Brassica napus L.

Seeds might deteriorate,and lose the ability to germinate when stored under high temperature and high humidity.Brassica napus is one of the most important oil crops in China.However,B.napus seeds were generally stored through summer season with high ambient temperature,which lead to seed viability loss.In order to understand the mechanism of seed response to heat stress and improve seed heat tolerance,B.napus seeds were treated with high temperature (40 ℃) and ultra-high temperature (60 ℃) for 4 h.The germination of heatstressed seeds were obviously slower,the germination index and vigor index decreased with temperature increase from 40 to 60 ℃,and the 40 ℃ pretreatment could improve the seed tolerance to 60 ℃ heat stress.Transcriptomics results showed that 442 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in seeds after heat stress.Gene ontology and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that some of the genes were involved in posttranslational modification,protein turnover,chaperones and carbohydrate transport,metabolic pathways and secondary metabolites biosynthesis pathway.Among these DEGs,sHSP and transcription factors genes were involved in heat stress tolerance.Thirty-two overlapping genes under different high temperature stress (40 ℃ and 60 ℃) were enriched in biological processes of response to oxidative stress and abiotic stimulus.The expression trends of 12 genes randomly selected from the RNA-seq data were almost consistent with the results of qRT-PCR.Our results revealed several potential candidate genes and pathways related to heat responsive by high temperature,which is beneficial for further improving the heat tolerance in B.napus seeds.
Screening,identification and antagonistic effect of antagonistic bacteria JTFM1001 against aflatoxin contamination in corn

Aflatoxin is a strong carcinogenic and toxic fungal toxin produced by Aspergillus flavus and other Aspergillus species,and can seriously threaten the health of consumers,thus becoming a global concern.Corn,as an important oil and economic crop,is highly susceptible contaminated by aflatoxin.In this study,antagonistic bacteria with strong inhibitory effect on aflatoxin were screened to provide support for the treatment aflatoxin contamination control in corn.Ten strains which have strong antagonistic effects against A.flavus were isolated from healthy corn from different corn producing areas in China.Among them,the antagonistic bacteria JTFM1001 through corn kernels in vivo and field experiment,the inhibition effect of aflatoxin contamination reached above 70% and 55%,respectively.And the strain was identified as Bacillus subtilis based on its morphological,physiological and biochemical characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of 16S rDNA.In addition,our data showed that it can colonize in the rhizosphere and survive for a long time,forming the dominant flora,with broad application prospect.Finally,we were surprised to find that the antibacterial metabolites secreted by the antagonistic bacteria was one of the mechanisms of its inhibition of A.flavus and aflatoxin.This will provide us with new ideas and perspectives on the effective prevention and control of aflatoxin contamination in corn and corn oil.
Learning to assess visual aesthetics of food images

Distinguishing aesthetically pleasing food photos from others is an important visual analysis task for social media and ranking systems related to food. Nevertheless, aesthetic assessment of food images remains a challenging and relatively unexplored task, largely due to the lack of related food image datasets and practical knowledge. Thus, we present the Gourmet Photography Dataset (GPD), the first largescale dataset for aesthetic assessment of food photos. It contains 24,000 images with corresponding binary aesthetic labels, covering a large variety of foods and scenes. We also provide a non-stationary regularization method to combat over-fitting and enhance the ability of tuned models to generalize. Quantitative results from extensive experiments, including a generalization ability test, verify that neural networks trained on the GPD achieve comparable performance to human experts on the task of aesthetic assessment. We reveal several valuable findings to support further research and applications related to visual aesthetic analysis of food images. To encourage further research, we have made the GPD publicly available at https://github. com/Openning07/GPA.
ClusterSLAM: A SLAM backend for simultaneous rigid body clustering and motion estimation

We present a practical backend for stereo visual SLAM which can simultaneously discover individual rigid bodies and compute their motions in dynamic environments. While recent factor graph based state optimization algorithms have shown their ability to robustly solve SLAM problems by treating dynamic objects as outliers, their dynamic motions are rarely considered. In this paper, we exploit the consensus of 3D motions for landmarks extracted from the same rigid body for clustering, and to identify static and dynamic objects in a unified manner. Specifically, our algorithm builds a noise-aware motion affinity matrix from landmarks, and uses agglomerative clustering to distinguish rigid bodies. Using decoupled factor graph optimization to revise their shapes and trajectories, we obtain an iterative scheme to update both cluster assignments and motion estimation reciprocally. Evaluations on both synthetic scenes and KITTI demonstrate the capability of our approach, and further experiments considering online efficiency also show the effectiveness of our method for simultaneously tracking ego-motion and multiple objects.
Performance test of a 5 kW solid oxide fuel cell system under high fuel utilization with industrial fuel gas feeding

As the demand for green energy with high efficiency and low carbon dioxide (CO_2) emissions has increased,solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) have been intensively developed in recent years. Integrated gasification fuel cells (IGFCs) in particular show potential for large-scale power generation to further increase system efficiency. Thus, for commercial application of IGFCs, it is important to design reliable multi-stacks for large systems that show long-term stability and practical fuel gas for application to industrial equipment. In this work, a test rig (of a 5 kW SOFC system, with syngas from industrial gasifiers as fuel) was fabricated and subjected to long-term tests under high fuel utilization to investigate its performance. The maximum steady output power of the system was 5700 W using hydrogen and 5660 W using syngas and the maximum steady electrical efficiency was 61.24% while the fuel utilization efficiency was 89.25%. The test lasted for more than 500 h as the fuel utilization efficiency was larger than 83%. The performances of each stack tower were almost identical at both the initial stage and after long-term operation. After 500 h operation, the performances of the stack towers decreased only slightly under lower current and showed almost no change under high current. These results demonstrate the reliability of the multi-stack design and the prospect of this SOFC power-generation system for further enlarging its application in a MWth demonstration.
Transformation of minerals at the boundary of magma-coal contact zone: case study from Wolonghu Coal Mine, Huaibei Coalfield, China

Mesozoic and Cenozoic magma activity in the Wolong Lake mining area of Huaibei is frequent, and the degree of magma intrusion into coal seams remarkable. On the one hand, magma intrusion affects the utilization of coal resources;on the other hand, the macro and trace elements in coal are redistributed to form new mineral types. This study uses the Wolong Lake magma intrusion coal seam as a research object. The mineral paragenesis for igneous rock, coke, and thermally-altered coal in an igneous intrusion zone is studied using SEM, XRD, and Raman spectroscopy. During igneous intrusion, the temperature and pressure of igneous rock metamorphose ambient low-rank coal to high-rank coal and coke. The response mechanism of minerals and trace elements to magmatic intrusion is discussed. The results are:① SEM analysis shows that ankerite and pyrite are formed from magma intrusion. Both minerals are strongly developed in the magma-coal contact zone, and less well developed in thermally-altered coal. ② XRD analysis shows that igneous intrusion strongly influences the types and content of minerals in coke and thermally-altered coal. In addition to the increase amounts of ankerite and pyrite, chlorite, serpentine, and muscovite, and other secondary minerals, are generated following igneous intrusion. ③Raman analysis suggests that thermally-altered coal possesses the characteristics of both pyrite and coke. Coke from the magma-coal boundary zone possesses the typical characteristics of pyrite. Igneous rock contains a mineral similar to pyrite, confirmed by both having similar Raman peaks. The scattering intensity of Ag indicates that the formation pressure of pyrite increases from thermally-altered coal via the boundary between the coke zone and the igneous rock.
A novel point source oxygen supply method for sleeping environment improvement at high altitudes

The hypoxic environment at high altitudes causes various sleep disorders. Diffuse oxygen enrichment is an effective way to alleviate sleep disorders and improve the built environment in high altitude areas. In this study, a novel point source local diffuse oxygen supply method was proposed to improve the sleeping oxygen environment. The oxygen supply performance was investigated by the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method including the oxygen concentration and air velocity distributions. A sleeping experiment was conducted on the plateau to validate the CFD model. The occupied zone including the inhalation zone and the active zone was defined. The results showed that the oxygen concentration showed a rapid rise, then decreased slowly, and finally tended to be stable. The oxygen concentration after stabilization was remarkably influenced by indoor ventilation rate. The sleeping environment's improvement was examined considering the oxygen enrichment efficiency, uniformity, stability and human comfort demand. The optimal strategies were recommended with a ventilation rate of 1 air change per hour, supplied oxygen concentration of 90%, and jet distance of 0.50 m. The study contributes to improving the oxygen environment and human sleep quality in an effective and energy-saving approach to the sustainable development of buildings in high altitude areas.
Dynamic model and response characteristics of liquid desiccant air-conditioning system driven by heat pump

The liquid desiccant air-conditioning system is considered as an energy-efficient alternative to the vapor compression system. The dynamic response characteristics of the system under variable cooling load play an important role in the air temperature and humidity control performance of the system. However, the dynamic response characteristics have not been fully revealed in previous studies. Thus, a dynamic model for a heat pump driven liquid desiccant air-conditioning (HPLDAC) system is established to investigate the dynamic response characteristics of the system in this study. Subsequently, experiments were conducted to validate the accuracy of the dynamic model. The simulation results show a good agreement with the experimental data. The simulation results reveal that evaporating water from the solution is a time-consuming process, compared to adding water to the solution. It spends a long time for the HPLDAC system to decrease the high relative humidity of supply air to a low value, which limits the air temperature and humidity control performance of the system. The upper band for the water replenishing value opening (Δφ_(up)) is a crucial parameter to improve the limitation. When Δφ_(up) decreases from 1.0% to 0.25%, the time consumed to reduce the supply air relative humidity to the new lower set value can be saved by 30.6%.