mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Ferrimagnetism induced by asymmetrical ferromagnetic next-nearest-neighbour exchange interactions in an antiferromagnetic spin-1/2 zigzag chain

The magnetic properties of an antiferromagnetic bond alternating spin-1/2 zigzag chain with asymmetrical ferromagnetic next-nearest-neighbour exchange interactions at finite temperature are investigated by using the many-body Green's function theory. It is found that the ferrimagnetic ordering does not appear in the symmetrical next-nearestneighbour coupling case, and takes place only for the asymmetrical next-nearest-neighbour case at finite temperature rather than the ground state. Furthermore, as the asymmetry degree of the next-nearest-neighbour exchange interactions increases, the ferrimagnetism becomes more and more dominant. It is shown that the elementary excitation spectra are responsible for the observed magnetic behaviour.
An easy and efficient way to treat Green's function for nano-devices with arbitrary shapes and multi-terminal configurations

The efficiency of the calculation of Green's function (GF) for nano-devices is very important because the calculation is often needed to be repeated countlessly. We present a set of efficient algorithms for the numerical calculation of GF for devices with arbitrary shapes and multi-terminal configurations. These algorithms can be used to calculate the specified blocks related to the transmission, the diagonals needed by the local density of states calculation, and the full matrix of GF, to meet different calculation levels. In addition, the algorithms for the non-equilibrium occupation and current flow are also given. All these algorithms are described using the basic theory of GF, based on a new partition strategy of the computational area. We apply these algorithms to the tight-binding graphene lattice to manifest their stability and efficiency. We also discuss the physics of the calculation results.
Gain calculation of a free-electron laser operating with a non-uniform ion-channel guide

Amplification of an electromagnetic wave by a free electron laser (FEL) with a helical wiggler and an ion channel with a periodically varying ion density is examined. The relativistic equation of motion for a single electron in the combined wiggler and the periodic ion-channel fields is solved and the classes of possible trajectories in this configuration are discussed. The gain equation for the FEL in the low-gain-per-pass limit is obtained by adding the effect of the periodic ion channel. Numerical calculation is employed to analyse the gain induced by the effects of the non-uniform ion density. The variation of gain with ion-channel density is demonstrated. It is shown that there is a gain enhancement for group I orbits in the presence of a non-uniform ion-channel but not in a uniform one. It is also shown that periodic ion-channel guiding is used to reach the maximum peak gain in a low ion-channel frequency (low ion density).
Carbon dioxide fixation by Chlorella sp. USTB-01 with a fermentor-helical combined photobioreactor

A promising microalgal strain isolated from fresh water, which can grow both autotrophically on inorganic carbon under lighting and heterotrophically on organic carbon without lighting, was identified as Chlorella sp. USTB-01 with the phylogenetic analysis based on 18S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene sequences. In the heterotrophic batch culture, more than 20.0g·L-1 of cell dry weight concentration (DWC) of Chlorella sp. USTB-01 was obtained at day 5, and which was used directly to seed the autotrophic culture. A novel fermentor-helical combined photobioreactor was established and used to cultivate Chlorella sp. USTB-01 for the fixation of carbon dioxide (CO2). It showed that the autotrophic growth of Chlorella sp. USTB-01 in the combined photobioreactor was more effective than that in the fermentor alone and the maximum DWC of 2.5 g· L-1 was obtained at day 6. The highest CO2 fixation of 95% appeared on day 1 in the exponential growth phases of Chlorella sp. USTB-01 and 49.8% protein was found in the harvested microalgal cells.
Reasonable routing in delay/disruption tolerant networks

Delay/disruption tolerant networking (DTN) is an approach to networking where intermittent connectivity exists: it is often afforded by a store and forward technique. Depending on the capability of intermediary nodes to carry and forward messages, messages can be eventually delivered to their destination by mobile nodes with an appropriate routing protocol. To have achieved a successful delivery, most DTN routing protocols use message duplication methods. Although messages are rapidly transferred to the destination, the redundancy in the number of message copies increases rapidly. This paper presents a new routing scheme based on a stochastic process for epidemic routing. Message redundancy is efficiently reduced and the number of message copies is controlled reasonably. During the contact process of nodes in the network, the number of message copies changes, and according to the variability in the number of copies, we construct a special Markov chain, birth and death process, on the number of message copies then calculate and obtain a stationary distribution of the birth and death process. Comparing the theoretical model with the simulation we have performed we see similar results. Our method improves on time-to-live (TTL) and antipacket methods, in both redundancy and delivery success efficiency.
Three-dimensional fluorescence spectral characterization of soil dissolved organic matters in the fluctuating water-level zone of Kai County, Three Gorges Reservoir

Three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy was used to investigate the fluorescent properties of soil dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the water-levelfluctuation zone (WLFZ) of Kai County, Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR). Most of the soil DOM analyzed in this study was found to contain four fluorescence peaks. Peaks A and C represent humic-like fluorescence, whereas peaks B and D represent tryptophan-like fluorescence. Peaks E and F, which represent tyrosine-like fluorescence, only appeared in certain soils. Soil humus was the main source of DOM in soil, and higher concentration of soil DOM was found in the exposed soil than submerged soil. Compared to the peaks A and B, the fluorescence intensities of peaks C and D were strongly influenced by the fluctuating water level. Analysis of fluorescence intensities of different peaks in soil DOM showed that WLFZ soil was not contaminated significantly. Soil DOM contained at least two types of humic-like fluorescence groups and two types of protein-like fluorescence groups. The proportion of the content of peak A in soil organic matter was quite stable. The soil DOM in exposed soil had relatively high humification and aromaticity, and periodic submerging and exposure of soil had an impact on the humification of soil DOM.
Correlation of E-selectin gene polymorphisms with risk of ischemic stroke A meta-analysis

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the association of E-selectin S128R polymorphisms with ischemic stroke. DATA SOURCES:A computer-based online search was conducted in PubMed,Elsevier,Ovid Database,the China National Knowledge Infrastructure,and Wanfang Database between January 1998 and December 2010. STUDY SELECTION:Case-controlled studies addressing the association of the E-selectin polymorphism and ischemic stroke were included in this review.The genotype distribution complied with the Hardy-Weinberg genetic equilibrium.The included reports were evaluated by two authors for strict quality screening.Meta-analysis software,REVMAN 5.1,was used to investigate heterogeneity,pooled odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidence interval(CI)in individual studies. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Genotype and allele distributions at the E-selectin S128R site. RESULTS:Six case-controlled studies were included after screening and application of inclusion and exclusion criteria.There was no heterogeneity in the genotype and allele frequencies,and no publication bias was found.Meta-analysis of the pooled data showed that the OR value of the (AC+CC)/AA genotype was 1.93(95%CI:1.55-2.41,Z=5.80,P<0.000 01),and the OR for the C/A allele was 1.80(95%CI:1.47-2.22,Z=5.59,P<0.000 01)in the ischemic stroke group, compared with control group.Results of pooled data in Chinese subjects showed that the OR value of (AC+CC)/AA was 2.36(95%CI:1.68-3.31,Z=4.99,P<0.000 01),and the OR value of the C/A allele was 2.25(95%CI:1.63-3.12,Z=4.89,P<0.000 01). CONCLUSION:Polymorphism of E-selectin S128R was significantly associated with susceptibility to ischemic stroke;the AC and CC genotypes as well as the C allele may be factors associated with susceptibility to ischemic stroke.
Stochastic systems simulation optimization

With the advance of new computational technology, stochastic. systems simulation and optimization has become increasingly a popular subject in both academic research and industrial applications. This paper presents some of recent developments about the problem of optimizing a performance function from a simulation model. We begin by classifying different types of problems and then provide an overview of the major approaches, followed by a more in-depth presentation of two specific areas: optimal computing budget allocation and the nested partitions method.
On the complexity and manageability of Internet infrastructure

The ever increasing complexity of the Internet has made it impossible to effectively manage the Internet infrastructure. In this paper, we argue that the increased complexity was due to the "random accidents" introduced throughout the evolution of the Internet, such as ad-hoc based routing, cross-layer optimizations. These ad-hoc events increased the vulnerability and degraded the manageability of Internet. We also propose a new framework for network design and deployment, termed "assurable communication networks (ACNs)" that places the manageability in the center in network architecture. We suggest that rigorous mathematical model be developed for the measurement on the impact of manageability and accountability.
SPC and Kalman filter-based fault detection and diagnosis for an air-cooled chiller

Buildings worldwide account for nearly 40% of global energy consumption. The biggest energy consumer in buildings is the heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. In HVAC systems, chillers account for a major portion of the energy consumption. Maintaining chillers in good conditions through early fault detection and diagnosis is thus a critical issue. In this paper, the fault detection and diagnosis for an air-cooled chiller with air coming from outside in variable flow rates is studied. The problem is difficult since the air-cooled chiller is operating under major uncertainties including the cooling load, and the air temperature and flow rate. A potential method to overcome the difficulty caused by the uncertainties is to perform fault detection and diagnosis based on a gray-box model with parameters regarded as constants. The method is developed and verified by us in another paper for a water-cooled chiller with the uncertainty of cooling load. The verification used a Kalman filter to predict parameters of a gray-box model and statistical process control (SPC) for measuring and analyzing their variations for fault detection and diagnosis. The gray-box model in the method, however, requires that the air temperature and flow rate be nearly constant. By introducing two new parameters and deleting data points with low air flow rate, the requirement can be satisfied and the method can then be applicable for an air-cooled chiller. The simulation results show that the method with the revised model and some data points dropped improved the fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) performance greatly. It can detect both sudden and gradual air-cooled chiller capacity degradation and sensor faults as well as their recoveries.
Stochastic learning and optimization-Ideas vs mathematics

What are the roles that ideas and mathematics play in research of engineering subjects? This article tries to answer this question with the author's own research experience. In the past 30 years, the author's research started from perturbation analysis (PA) of queueing networks, to PA of Markov systems, to Markov decision processes (MDP), and to stochastic control; and based on these research, the author has successfully developed a sensitivity-based optimization approach to the area of learning and optimization of stochastic systems, leading to a simple and unified framework for the area, new research directions, and new results in the area. This paper reviews the above research topics and the history of their development with an emphasis on what the roles that ideas and mathematics play in each of the advances along the path.
夜间呻吟(Catathrenia)症一例

夜间呻吟症又称Catathrenia症,1983年报道了第一例[1],自此,至今文献报道已有30多例[1-5]。最近斯坦福大学报道了5年来积累的仅7例病例[6],目前国内罕有报道。本病通常是青春期或青年期发病,患者本人常常不知道自己有睡眠呻吟,多由家人发现。需要与梦呓、喘鸣、癫痫发作的呻吟及打鼾鉴别。其发病机制是目前研究的热点[2,4-5].[取自正文]
鼻内镜下切除鼻中隔肌上皮癌一例

与鼻一鼻窦其他恶性肿瘤一样,发生于鼻一鼻窦的肌上皮癌,由于位置隐蔽,其临床和生物学行为多变,早期确诊较为困难。临床可表现为鼻出血、鼻塞、复视、突眼、流泪、头痛、眶周痛、面颊部疼痛、视力下降等,当侵犯周围结构时可出现相应的症状[1-14]。本例患者右侧鼻腔出血10多年．一直未引起患者及耳鼻咽喉科医师重视,虽然发现了鼻腔新生物,诊断为“鼻息肉”,未作处理,直到鼻出血加重,伴嗅觉下降,睡眠时打鼾,才到我院诊治。由于鼻腔的肌上皮癌生长缓慢,临床表现无特殊性,因此我们认为一旦单侧鼻腔新生物,应进行活检明确诊断,以免误诊。[取自正文]
High-mobility group protein N2 (HMGN2) inhibited the internalization of Klebsiella pneumoniae into cultured bladder epithelial cells

Since bacterial invasion into host cells is an important step in the infection process, using the agents to interfere with bacterial internalization is an attractive approach to block the infection process. In this work, we describe a new, previously unrecognized role of the human cationic host defense peptide HMGN2 during Klebsiella pneumoniae infections. Our results revealed that the internalization of K. pneumoniae strain 03183 into cultured bladder epithelial cells (T24) was significantly reduced at HMGN2 concentrations that were unable to produce any bacteriostatic or bactericidal effect. Using microarrays and followup studies, we demonstrated that HMGN2 affected the internalization of K. pneumoniae strain 03183 by inhibiting the attachment of bacteria, and then decreasing bacteriainduced ERK1/2 activation and actin polymerization, which might contribute to bacterial internalization into T24 cells. This disruption of bacterial internalization implied that HMGN2 could provide protection against K. pneumoniae infections.
A Novel System for Moving Object Detection Using Bionic Compound Eyes

Conventional moving target detection focuses on algorithms to improve detection efficiency. These algorithms pay less attention to the image acquisition means, and usually solve specific problems. This often results in poor flexibility and reusability. Insect compound eyes offer unique advantages for moving target detection and these advantages have attracted the attention of many researchers in recent years. In this paper we proposed a new system for moving target detection. We used the detection mechanism of insect compound eyes for the simulation of the characteristics of structure, control, and function. We discussed the design scheme of the system, the development of the bionic control circuit, and introduced the proposed mathematical model of bionic compound eyes for data acquisition and object detection. After this the integrated system was described and discussed. Our paper presents a novel approach for moving target detection. This approach effectively tackles some of the well-known problems in the field of view, resolution, and real-time processing problems in moving target detection.
Bionic Optimisation of the Earthquake Resistance of High Buildings by Tuned Mass Dampers

The optimisation of earthquake resistance of high buildings by multi-tuned mass dampers was investigated using bionic algorithms. In bionic or evolutionary optimisation studies the properties of parents are crossed and mutated to produce a new generation with slightly different properties. The kids which best satisfy the object of the study, become the parents of the next generation. After a series of generations essential improvements of the object may be observed. Tuned mass dampers are widely used to reduce the impact of dynamic excitations on structures. A single mass system and multi-mass oscillators help to explain the mechanics of the dampers. To apply the bionic optimisation strategy to high buildings with passive tuned mass dampers subject to seismic loading a special beam element has been developed. In addition to the 6 degrees of freedom of a conventional beam element, it has 2 degrees of freedom for the displacements of the dampers. It allows for fast studies of many variants. As central result, efficient designs for damping systems along the height of an edifice are found. The impact on the structure may be reduced essentially by the use of such dampers designed to interact in an optimal way.
Approximate policy iteration:a survey and some new methods

We consider the classical policy iteration method of dynamic programming(DP),where approximations and simulation are used to deal with the curse of dimensionality.We survey a number of issues:convergence and rate of convergence of approximate policy evaluation methods,singularity and susceptibility to simulation noise of policy evaluation,exploration issues,constrained and enhanced policy iteration,policy oscillation and chattering,and optimistic and distributed policy iteration.Our discussion of policy evaluation is couched in general terms and aims to unify the available methods in the light of recent research developments and to compare the two main policy evaluation approaches:projected equations and temporal differences(TD),and aggregation.In the context of these approaches,we survey two different types of simulation-based algorithms:matrix inversion methods,such as least-squares temporal difference(LSTD),and iterative methods,such as least-squares policy evaluation(LSPE)and TD(λ),and their scaled variants.We discuss a recent method,based on regression and regularization,which rectifies the unreliability of LSTD for nearly singular projected Bellman equations.An iterative version of this method belongs to the LSPE class of methods and provides the connecting link between LSTD and LSPE.Our discussion of policy improvement focuses on the role of policy oscillation and its effect on performance guarantees.We illustrate that policy evaluation when done by the projected equation/TD approach may lead to policy oscillation,but when done by aggregation it does not.This implies better error bounds and more regular performance for aggregation,at the expense of some loss of generality in cost function representation capability.Hard aggregation provides the connecting link between projected equation/TD-based and aggregation-based policy evaluation, and is characterized by favorable error bounds.
Hybrid model predictive control for speed control of permanent magnet synchronous motor with saturation

A discrete-time hybrid model of a permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)with saturation in voltage and current is formulated.The controller design with incorporated constraints is achieved in a systematic way from modeling to control synthesis and implementation.The Hybrid System Description Language is used to obtain a mixedlogical dynamical(MLD)model.Based on the MLD model,a model predictive controller is designed for an optimal speed regulation of the motor.For reducing computation complexity and computation time,the MPC controller is converted to its equivalent explicit piecewise affine form by multiparametric programming.Simulations and experiments show that good and robust control performance is achieved by the hybrid model predictive controller as compared with the linear quadratic regulator(LQR)and the PID controller.
Optimal replicator factor control in wireless sensor networks

For TDMA MAC protocols in wireless sensor networks(WSNs),redundancy and retransmission are two important methods to provide high end-to-end transmission reliability.Since reliable transmissions will lead to more energy consumption,there exists an intrinsic tradeoff between transmission reliability and energy efficiency.For each link, we name the number of its reserved time slots in each MAC superframe as a replicator factor.In the following paper,we propose a reliability-lifetime tradeoff framework(RLTF)for WSNs to study replicator factor control problem.First,for the redundancy TDMA MAC,we formulate replicator factor control problem as convex programming.By the gradient projection method,we develop a fully distributed algorithm to solve the convex programming.Second,for the retransmission TDMA MAC,we set the retransmission upper bound for each link according to the optimal replicator factors under the redundancy MAC and compute the total communication overhead for the retransmission MAC.Finally,we compare the communication overhead of these two MAC protocols under different channel conditions.
Measuring Tourist’s Water Footprint in a Mountain Destination of Northwest Yunnan,China

Monitoring and minimizing tourist’s water consumption is essential for the sustainable development of mountain destinations in the world. However,available data and a generally accepted protocol on such measurement are still limited.This study uses water footprint accounting to quantify tourist’s water demand in the Liming valley,a World Heritage site and a rapidly growing tourism destination in Northwest Yunnan,China.Both the water for direct and indirect use is taken into account based on the consumptive behavior of the tourists in the valley.Data were collected through guesthouse monitoring and a tourist survey in the 2005 tourist season.The results indicate that an average tourist leaves behind a footprint of 5.2 m~3 on local water resources per day.Food production and waste dilution are the two most important water consumption factors.The results also show tourists consume more water than the local residents on per capita basis.This suggests more commitment is necessary to cope with this stress by individual tourists.Management implications to make water use more sustainable in mountain destinations are derived from this study.
不同血管的保留对胸锁乳突肌皮瓣的影响

颌面部组织缺损的修复日益受到重视,对我科2004~ 2009年恶性肿瘤不同范围颈清手术存留不同的血管进行胸锁乳突肌皮瓣制备的术后情况做如下报道.[取自正文]
负压封闭引流技术在GuStilOⅢB型骨折创面覆盖中的应用

目的 探讨负压封闭引流(VSD)技术应用于GustiloⅢB型骨折创面覆盖的疗效。 方法回顾性分析2007年9月至2010年1月应用VSD技术治疗的lO例CustiloⅢB型骨折患者资料,男9例,女1例;年龄23～66岁,平均37．7岁。受伤部位:胫腓骨骨折8例,单纯胫骨骨折l例,踝关节骨折1例。骨折AO分型:4283型4例,42C1型2例,42C3型3例,44A2型1例。创面大小为12 cm x7 cm～25 cm x 10 cm。人院后急诊充分清创、简单复位固定,行VSD技术封闭创面并定期更换,二期进行游离植皮术或皮辦转移术覆盖创面。记录末次手术后20 d植皮成活率、愈合时间,并观察皮肤恢复程度。 结果1O例患者术后获6~12个月(平均10个月)随访。8例经植中厚皮片覆盖创面,创面愈合时间为23~38 d,平均27．5 d,植皮成活率为优,皮肤恢复程度为良;1例因清创时肌间残留死腔,创面愈合时间为40 d,植皮成活率为良,皮肤恢复程度为差;1例形成窦道,创面愈合时间为106 d,植皮成活率为优,皮肤恢复程度为优．本组10例患者更换VSD次数为3~9次,平均5．4次。2例发生感染,1例形成窦道,1例引流管堵塞。 结论 VSD技术为GustiloⅢB型骨折提供了一种有效的创面覆盖方法。使用中应注意充分清创、保留足够的软组织及合理固定等。