mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Methane Adsorption Capacity Reduction Process of Water-Bearing Shale Samples and Its Influencing Factors:One Example of Silurian Longmaxi Formation Shale from the Southern Sichuan Basin in China

Due to the existence of water content in shale reservoir,it is quite meaningful to clarify the effect of water content on the methane adsorption capacity(MAC)of shale.However,the role of spatial configuration relationship between organic matter(OM)and clay minerals in the MAC reduction process is still unclear.The Silurian Longmaxi Formation shale samples from the Southern Sichuan Basin in China were prepared at five relative humidity(RH)conditions(0%,16%,41%,76%,99%)and the methane adsorption experiments were conducted on these water-bearing shale samples to clarify the MAC reduction process considering the spatial configuration relationship between clay minerals and OM and establish the empirical model to fit the stages.Total organic carbon(TOC)content and mineral compositions were analyzed and the pore structures of these shale samples were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM),N_2 adsorption and high-pressure mercury intrusion porosimetry(HPMIP).The results showed that the MAC reduction of clay minerals in OM occurred at different RH conditions from that of clay minerals outside OM.Furthermore,the amount of MAC reduction of shale samples prepared at the same RH condition was negatively related with clay content,which indicated the protection role of clay minerals for the MAC of water-bearing shale samples.The MAC reduction process was generally divided into three stages for siliceous and clayey shale samples.And the MAC of OM started to decline during stage(1)for calcareous shale sample mainly because water could enter OM pores more smoothly through hydrophobic pathway provided by carbonate minerals than through hydrophilic clay mineral pores.Overall,this study will contribute to improving the evaluation method of shale gas reserve.
Fluid Mobility Evaluation of Tight Sandstones in Chang 7 Member of Yanchang Formation,Ordos Basin

Fluid mobility has been important topic for unconventional reservoir evaluation.The tight sandstones in Chang 7 Member of the Ordos Basin has been selected to investigate the fluid mobility based on the application of core flooding-NMR combined method and core centrifugation- NMR combined method,and the porous structure is studied using optical microscope,field emission scanning electron microscope(FE-SEM),CT and mercury injection.Our results include:(i)Feldsparrock fragments dissolution pores,calcite dissolution pores,clay mineral dissolution pores,intergranular dissolution expansion pores,inter-granular pores,intra-kaolinite pores,and intra-illite/smectite mixed layer pores are developed in Chang 7 tight sandstones;3D CT pore structure shows that the pore connectivity is positively related to physical properties,and the overall storage space is connected by the throat with diameter between 0.2 and 0.3 μm.The percentage of storage space connected by throats with diameter less than 100 nm can reach more than 35%.(ii)Movable fluid saturation of Chang 7 tight sandstones is between 10% and 70%,and movable oil saturation is between 10% and 50%.Movable fluid saturation may cause misunderstanding when used to evaluate fluid mobility,so it is recommended to use movable fluid porosity in the evaluation of fluid mobility.The porosity ranging from 5% to 8% is the inflection point of the fluidity and pore structure.For samples with porosity less than 8%,the movable fluid porosity is generally less than 5%.Moreover,the movable fluid is mainly concentrated in the storage space with a throat diameter of 0.1 to 1 μm.For samples with porosity greater than 8%,the porosity of the movable fluid is more than 5%,and the movable fluid is mainly concentrated in the storage space with a throat diameter of 0.2 to 2 μm.(iii)The movable fluid saturation measured by core flooding-NMR combined method is generally higher than that measured by core centrifugation-NMR combined method.The former can evaluate the mobility of the oil-water two-phase fluid in samples,while the latter can better reflect the pore structure and directly evaluate the movable fluid in the pore system controlled by different throat diameters.All these results will provide valuable reference for fluid mobility evaluation in tight reservoirs.
Controlling Factors on Organic Matter Accumulation of Marine Shale across the Ordovician-Silurian Transition in South China:Constraints from Trace-Element Geochemistry

In recent years,significant progress in shale gas exploration has been achieved in the Upper Ordovician(Wufeng Formation)-Lower Silurian(Longmaxi Formation)shales in the Upper Yangtze area,South China.Although many studies have been carried out on the Upper Ordovician-Lower Silurian shales,the controlling factors causing organic matter accumulation of these shales remain controversial.This study uses trace-element geochemistry and sedimentological methods to evaluate terrigenous input,redox conditions and primary productivity to explore the mechanisms of organic matter accumulation.The variation of terrigenous fraction elements(Al,Th and Sc)concentrations reflect a mixed influence of sea-level change and weathering.The sea-level of the Upper Yangtze Sea went through two cycles of transgression to regression during the Ordovician-Silurian transition.The Linxiang Formation,Kuanyinchiao Bed and the upper part of Longmaxi Formation developed during the periods of regression,whereas the Wufeng Formation and the lower part of the Longmaxi Formation developed during the periods of transgression.The paleo-productivity indexes of TOC content,ratios of Ba/Al and P/Al,and redox conditions proxies of Mo concentration,ratios of U/Th and V/Cr generally display similar variation patterns with respect to the sea-level changes.High TOC contents and Ba/Al and P/Al ratios indicate the paleo-productivity was high on the sea surface,as shown by relatively good positive correlations between Th vs.TOC,and Sc vs.TOC.This indicates that the paleo-productivity was controlled by the nutrients input through weathering.The good positive correlations between redox conditions indexes(U/Th and V/Cr ratios)with TOC content reflects reductive preservation conditions(anoxic to euxinic),thus implying they were an important controlling factor for organic matter accumulation.Nevertheless,redox conditions were closely associated with sea level change and organic matter decomposition.Therefore,the sea-level change and weathering were the primary controlling factors for organic matter enrichment across the Ordovician to Silurian transition.
Coupled effect of climate change and human activities on the restoration/degradation of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau grassland

Climate change(CC)and human activities(HA)are the main reasons for the restoration/degradation of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP)grassland.Many related studies have been conducted thus far,but the impact mechanism of CC coupled with HA on QTP remains unclear.We summarized the two main coupling factors in recent years(specifically,in the past five years)and obtained the following conclusions.(1)CC and HA have positive and negative effects on the QTP grassland ecosystem.CC primarily affects grassland ecology through temperature,humidification,and extreme climate,and HA mainly affects ecosystems through primary,secondary,and tertiary industries and restoration measures.(2)CC coupled with HA affects soil,plants,animals,and fungi/microbes.CC makes the snow line rise by increasing the temperature,which expands the zone for HA.CC also restricts HA through hydrological changes,extreme climate,and outbreak of pikas and pests.Simultaneously,measures are implemented through HA to control and adapt to CC.Hence,the grassland ecosystem is comprehensively influenced by CC and HA.(3)The grassland ecosystem dynamically adapts to the disturbance caused by CC and HA by changing its physiological characteristics,distribution range,diet structure,community structure,and physical state.Simultaneously,it responds to environmental changes through desertification,poisonous weeds,rodent outbreak,release of harmful gases,and other means.This work can be used as a reference for the sustainable development of the QTP grassland.
Flexible Transparent Near-Infrared Photodetector Based on 2D Ti_3C_2 MXene-Te Van Der Waals Heterostructures

Ti_3C_2 MXene serving as superior electrical conductors presents more specific performance such as transparency, conductivity than gold (Au), and even could form a heterostructure with active materials of the functional devices. Here, a Ti_3C_2 MXene-Te microplate van der Waals heterostructure based transparent near-infrared photodetector (PD) is exploited. Compared with Au-Te PD, the on-off ratio of the Ti_3C_2-Te PD is improved by seven orders of magnitude and reaches 9.51 × 10~7 under 1064 nm laser illuminations. Benefiting from the utilization of flexible PET substrate and Ti_3C_2 conductors in manufacturing PD devices, the Ti_3C_2-Te PD exhibits excellent flexibility with no noticeable response change after being bent for different states and times. Moreover, 63% transmittance of the fabricated PD devices over the 500—1000 nm wavelength range is obtained. All the above results demonstrate the tremendous po-tential in wearable optoelectronics.
Commiphoroids G1—G3, H and I, Five Terpenoid Dimers as Extracellular Matrix Inhibitors from Resina Commiphora

Commiphoroids G1—G3, H and I (1—5), five new terpenoid dimers were isolated from Resina Commiphora. Their structures and absolute configurations were determined by using spectroscopic, computational and crystallographic methods. Biological evaluation of these terpenoid dimers against renal fibrosis reveals that 5 inhibits extracellular matrix components including fibronectin and collagen I in a concentration-dependent manner.
孕酮预防流产:一项网状meta分析

Cochrane系统评价数据库2021年4月19日在线发表了一篇系统综述。该系统综述探究了不同的孕酮疗法对先兆流产和复发性流产女性的有效性和安全性,并根据其有效性、安全性和不良反应等方面对现有疗法进行排序。流产定义为孕24周之前妊娠自然终止。
日本“安全保障技术研究推进”项目的管理运行机制分析

日本“安全保障技术研究推进”项目是防卫省资助的基础研究方面唯一的竞争经费项目。本文重点梳理该项目的运行管理体系,项目申请、审查、实施与评估以及经费管理相关规定,旨在为我国国防科技项目管理部门提供借鉴。日本“安全保障技术研究推进”项目的特点包括:充分利用学术界的研究成果,从寓民于军的角度推进原创性、先进性的基础研究;通过配备项目主任和项目官对进度严格把控,利用中期评估制度,有效处理不确定性项目带来的风险;研究成果归受委托方所有,不限制研究成果的公开发表,吸引更广泛的研究者参与;项目委托方与研究代表单位签署合同,注重项目的实际成效。
硫酸-甲苯胺蓝-丽春红苦味酸染色法在显示组织肥大细胞中的应用

肥大细胞含有丰富的酶系和多种生物活性物质,这些物质作为机体重要的细胞成分,广泛参与机体的免疫调节、过敏反应、肿瘤发生发展等,由此可见肥大细胞在机体病理、生理等过程中起至关重要的作用。常规HE染色不能直观地辨别肥大细胞,最常用的显示肥大细胞的特殊染色方法为甲苯胺蓝染色,但其相关试剂配制的方法有多种。为对比清晰地显示人体组织中的肥大细胞,作者选用硫酸-甲苯胺蓝-丽春红苦味酸染色法进行组合染色,效果佳,现介绍如下。
2021年夏收粮油作物生育期气象条件及其影响分析

2020/2021年度冬小麦、油菜生育期内,产区大部降水充沛、热量充足、光照适宜,干旱、湿渍害等农业气象灾害和作物病虫害影响程度偏轻,冬小麦灌浆成熟期间以晴好天气为主,强降水、干热风影响偏轻,冬麦区气象条件好于上年度。但长江中下游地区和贵州等产区秋播期和春季阴雨寡照及冬季冻害较为突出,影响油菜适时播栽和产量形成,长江中下游地区5月中下旬的强降水天气影响油菜适时收获和晾晒。
血小板源性生长因子预测恶性肿瘤患者经外周中心静脉置管后血栓形成的临床价值

研究血清中血小板源性生长因子(PDGF)预测恶性肿瘤患者经外周中心静脉置管(PICC)后血栓形成的临床价值。将行PICC、符合纳入标准的526例恶性肿瘤患者根据PICC后10~15 d内是否发生血栓分为血栓组和无血栓组,比较2组患者血清中PDGF等指标的变化。结果发现,PICC后血栓组患者血清中PDGF含量明显高于无血栓组患者,且明显高于PICC前,提示PDGF含量增高可能与血栓形成有关。
Coupled Electromagnetic-thermal Analysis of Segmented PM Consequent Pole Flux Switching Machine

Compact stator structure of flux switching machines (FSMs) encompassing both permanent magnets (PMs) and armature winding slots (AWS) attract research interest whenever high power and density are the basic requirements. However, it also results in temperature rises owing to heat generation by electromagnetic power losses degrading the electromagnetic performance and affecting machine performance. In this study, a segmented permanent magnet (SPM) consequent pole FSM (SPM-CPFSM) is developed, which provides a stator cooling channel (duct) for improved heat dissipation to avoid demagnetization of PM as well as overheating. Furthermore, this study investigates detailed electromagnetic performance analysis and prediction of temperature variation in various machine parts owing to the heat generated by iron, copper, and magnet eddy current losses utilizing coupled electromagnetic-thermal analysis accounting for magnetic flux density variation. In comparison with the 2D analysis, the developed 3D coupled-field analysis more accurately predicts electromagnetic performance and temperature distribution. Analysis reveals that a cooling duct at the stator significantly assists in stator heat dissipation in the axial direction ensuring a safe operating condition of the PMs as well as machine parts to avoid overheating.
Effect of chimney shadow on the performance of wind supercharged solar chimney power plants: A numerical case study for the Spanish prototype

Three-dimensional numerical simulations for a solar chimney power plant (SCPP) and wind supercharged solar chimney power plant (WSSCPP) based on the Spanish prototype using the solar ray-tracing algorithm were performed to study the shadow effect of the chimney. The area of the shadow region increases with an increase in the incident angle of the solar rays. A parametric study was performed by varying the incident angle from 0° to 30°. The temperature and velocity distributions at different incident angles were analyzed. In addition, we investigated the chimney shadow effect in several comprehensive SCPP systems. The findings show that the turbine shaft powers of the SCPP and WSSCPP were reduced by 22.4% and 13.7%, respectively, when the incident angle increased from 0° to 30°. In conclusion, it is important to consider the chimney shadow effect when estimating the performance in the design and cost analysis of SCPP systems.
Mechanism of Wireless Power Transfer System Waveform Distortion Caused by Nonideal Gallium Nitride Transistor Characteristics

Gallium nitride (GaN) field-effect transistors have low ON resistance and switching losses in high-frequency (>MHz) resonant wireless power transfer systems. Nevertheless, their performance in the system is determined by their characteristics and operation mode. A particular operating mode in a 6.78-MHz magnetic resonant wireless transfer system that employs class-D GaN power amplifiers in the zero-voltage switching mode is studied. Two operation modes, the forward mode and the reverse mode, are investigated. The nonideal effect under the device-level dynamic resistance and thermal effect are also analyzed. The dynamic resistance under different operation modes is demonstrated to have different generation mechanisms. Finally, the device characteristics with system operating conditions are combined, and the effects of temperature and dynamic resistance under different operating conditions are evaluated.
A Review of WBG and Si Devices Hybrid Applications

In recent years, next-generation power semiconductor devices, represented by silicon carbide (SiC) and gallium nitride (GaN), have gradually emerged. Because wide-bandgap (WBG) devices have better electrical characteristics than those of silicon (Si) based devices, they have attracted increased attention both from academic researchers and industrial engineers. Employing WBG devices will further improve the efficiency and power density of power converters. However, the current price of WBG devices remains extremely high. Thus, some researches have focused on the hybrid utilization of WBG devices and Si-based devices to achieve a tradeoff between the performance and cost. To summarize the current research on WBG/Si hybrid applications, the issues mentioned above with representative research approaches, results, and characteristics, are systematically reviewed. Finally, the current research on WBG/Si hybrid applications and their future trends are discussed.
Hydrogen Bond-Assisted Ultra-Stable and Fast Aqueous NH_4~+ Storage

Aqueous ammonium ion batteries are regarded as eco-friendly and sustainable energy storage systems.And applicable host for NH_4~+ in aqueous solution is always in the process of development.On the basis of density functional theory calculations,the excellent performance of NH_4~+ insertion in Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) is proposed,especially for copper hexacyanoferrate (CuHCF).In this work,we prove the outstanding cycling and rate performance of CuHCF via electrochemical analyses,delivering no capacity fading during ultra-long cycles of 3000 times and high capacity retention of 93.6% at 50 C.One of main contributions to superior performance from highly reversible redox reaction and structural change is verified during the ammoniation/de-ammoniation progresses.More importantly,we propose the NH_4~+ diffusion mechanism in CuHCF based on continuous formation and fracture of hydrogen bonds from a joint theoretical and experimental study,which is another essential reason for rapid charge transfer and superior NH_4~+ storage.Lastly,a full cell by coupling CuHCF cathode and polyaniline anode is constructed to explore the practical application of CuHCF.In brief,the outstanding aqueous NH_4~+ storage in cubic PBAs creates a blueprint for fast and sustainable energy storage.
A General Self-Sacrifice Template Strategy to 3D Heteroatom-Doped Macroporous Carbon for High-Performance Potassium-Ion Hybrid Capacitors

Potassium-ion hybrid capacitors (PIHCs) tactfully combining capacitor-type cathode with battery-type anode have recently attracted increasing attentions due to their advantages of decent energy density,high power density,and low cost;the mismatches of capacity and kinetics between capacitor-type cathode and battery-type anode in PIHCs yet hinder their overall performance output.Herein,based on prediction of density functional theory calculations,we find Se/N co-doped porous carbon is a promising candidate for K~+ storage and thus develop a simple and universal self-sacrifice template method to fabricate Se and N co-doped three-dimensional (3D) macroporous carbon (Se/N-3DMpC),which features favorable properties of connective hierarchical pores,expanded interlayer structure,and rich activity site for boosting pseudocapacitive activity and kinetics toward K~+ storage anode and enhancing capacitance performance for the reversible anion adsorption/desorption cathode.As expected,the as-assembled PIHCs full cell with a working voltage as high as 4.0 V delivers a high energy density of 186 Wh kg~(–1) and a power output of 8100 W kg~(–1) as well as excellent long service life.The proofof-concept PIHCs with excellent performance open a new avenue for the development and application of high-performance hybrid capacitors.
Time-Programmed Delivery of Sorafenib and Anti-CD47 Antibody via a Double-Layer-Gel Matrix for Postsurgical Treatment of Breast Cancer

The highly immunosuppressive microenvironment after surgery has a crucial impact on the recurrence and metastasis in breast cancer patients.Programmable delivery of immunotherapy-involving combinations through a single drug delivery system is highly promising,yet greatly challenging,to reverse postoperative immunosuppression.Here,an injectable hierarchical gel matrix,composed of dual lipid gel (DLG) layers with different soybean phosphatidylcholine/glycerol dioleate mass ratios,was developed to achieve the time-programmed sequential delivery of combined cancer immunotherapy.The outer layer of the DLG matrix was thermally responsive and loaded with sorafenib-adsorbed graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles.GO under manually controlled near-infrared irradiation generated mild heat and provoked the release of sorafenib first to reeducate tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and promote an immunogenic tumor microenvironment.The inner layer,loaded with anti-CD47 antibody (aCD47),could maintain the gel state for a much longer time,enabling the sustained release of aCD47 afterward to block the CD47-signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα) pathway for a long-term antitumor effect.In vivo studies on 4T1 tumor-bearing mouse model demonstrated that the DLG-based strategy efficiently prevented tumor recurrence and metastasis by locally reversing the immunosuppression and synergistically blocking the CD47-dependent immune escape,thereby boosting the systemic immune responses.
Review and evaluation of methods in transport mode detection based on GPS tracking data

Mobility data, based on global positioning system(GPS)tracking, have been widely used in many areas, such as analyzing travel patterns, investigating transport safety and efficiency, and evaluating travel impacts.Transport modes are essential factors in understanding mobility within the transport system.Therefore, in this study, a significant number of algorithms were tested for transport mode detection.However, no conclusive recommendations can be drawn regarding which method should be used.The evaluation of the performance of the algorithms was not discussed systematically either in current literature.This paper aims to provide an in-depth review of the methods applied in transport mode detection based on GPS tracking data.The performances of the reviewed methods are then compared and evaluated to provide guidance in choosing algorithms for transport mode detection based on GPS tracking data.The results indicate that the majority of current studies are based on a supervised learning method for transport mode detection.Many of the reviewed methods first require manual dataset labeling, which can produce major drawbacks, such as inefficiency and human errors.It was also found that deep learning approaches have the potential to deal with large amounts of unlabeled raw GPS datasets and increase the accuracy and efficiency of transport mode detection.
Coordination and Cooperation are Essential: A Call for a Global Network to Enhance Integrated Human Health Risk Resilience Based on China’s COVID-19 Pandemic Coping Practice

More than a year after its appearance and still rampant around the world, the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted tragically how poorly the world is prepared to handle systemic risks in an increasingly hyper-connected global social-ecological system. The absence or clear inadequacy of global governance arrangements and mechanisms is painfully distinct and obvious. In this short article, we summarize a set of COVID-19 pandemic-related analyses and lessons that are inspired by Chinese practice. First, strong government response is one of the most important methods to control a pandemic. Second, countries should be concerned about human-to-frozen goods-tohuman transmission. Third, sharing resources and experiences through cooperation is crucial to ensure an adequate health response. Based on these insights, we stress the critical importance of coordination and cooperation, and call for a global network to enhance integrated human health risk resilience.
Ionic liquids in perovskite solar cells

Metal halide perovskites have gained a lot of attention particularly in recent years due to their excellent optoelectronic properties and simple scalable processability.One major application of halide perovskites is solar cells, however, despite the power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)have already reached around 25%, the long-term stability issue of such devices still impedes their commercialization.Ionic liquids,which contain a large asymmetric organic cation and an organic or inorganic anion, have recently been applied to perovskite solar cells(PSCs), not only increasing the efficiency but also remarkably improving the long-term stability.