mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Kavalactone yangonin induces autophagy and sensitizes bladder cancer cells to flavokawain A and docetaxel via inhibition of the mTOR pathway

Consumption ofkava (Piper methysticum Forst) has been linked to reduced cancer risk in the South Pacific Islands. Kavalactones are major bioactive components in kava root extracts, which have recently demonstrated anti-cancer activities. However, molecular mechanisms of kavalactones' anti-cancer action remain largely unknown. We have identified two kavalactones, yangonin and 5' 6'-dehydrokawain,as potent inducers of autophagic cell death in bladder cancer cells. The effect of yangonin inducing autophagy is associated with increased expression ofbeclin and ATG5. In addition, yangonin increases the expression of LKB1 and decreases the phosphorylation of Akt, PRAS40, rpS6, p70S6K and 4E-BP1, leading to increased binding of 4E-BP1 to m7 GTP. The growth inhibitory effects of yangonin were attenuated in TSC1 or LKB1 knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts, suggesting that TSC1 and LKB1 expression may contribute to optimal growth inhibition by yangonin. Furthermore, yangonin reduces the viability of bladder cancer cell lines derived from different stages of human bladder cancer, and acts synergistically with apoptosis-inducing agents such as docetaxel and flavokawain A. Our results support a novel anti-bladder cancer mechanism by yangonin and further studies are needed to assess the potential use of yangonin for bladder cancer prevention and treatment.
Impacts of precipitation variation and soil and water conservationmeasures on runoff and sediment yield in the Loess Plateau Gully Region, China

The Loess Plateau of China has experienced a lengthy drought and severe soil erosion. Changes in precipitation and land use largely determine the dynamics of runoff and sediment yield in this region. Trend and mutation analyses were performed on hydrological data (1981-2012)from the Yanwachuan watershed in the Loess Plateau Gully Region to study the evolution characteristics of runoff and sediment yield. A time-series contrasting method also was used to evaluate the effects of precipitation and soil and water conservation (SWC)on runoff and sediment yield. Annual sediment yield declined markedly from 1981 to 2012 although there was no significant change in annual precipitation and annual runoff. Change points of annual runoff and annual sediment yield occurred in 1996 and 1997, respectively. Compared with that in the baseline period (1981-1996), annual runoff and annual sediment yield in the change period (1997-2012)decreased by 17.0% and 76.0%, respectively, but annual precipitation increased by 6.3%. Runoff decreased in the flood season and normal season, but increased in the dry season, while sediment yield significantly declined in the whole study period. The SWC measures contributed significantly to the reduction of annual runoff (137.9%)and annual sediment yield (135%)and were more important than precipitation. Biological measures (forestland and grassland)accounted for 61.04% of total runoff reduction, while engineering measures (terraces and dams)accounted for 102.84% of total sediment yield reduction. Furthermore, SWC measures had positive ecological effects. This study provides a scientific basis for soil erosion control on the Loess Plateau.
Geological analysis of gravitational rock slope deformation: a case from Nujiang River, China

This paper presents a study on the gravityinduced rock slope deformation observed along the Nujiang River in China. We performed a comprehensive field investigation and analysis to identify the deformation pattern of the slope and its triggering factors. Moreover, a geologicalevolutionary model was developed, and it considers the effects of river incision and rock mass degradation caused by weathering and simulates the mechanisms underlying the initiation and progression of the slope deformation. The results support the proposed failure mechanism in which fractures within the slope are induced by rock mass degradation caused by weathering. Importantly, the modeling reveals that compressional deformation at the toe of the slope results in a tensile failure in the upper portion of the slope, demonstrating that the rock mass in the slope toe is the key factor inducing slope deformation. This analysis of slope deformation and its spatial and temporal correlations with rock weathering and river incision reveal the main triggering factors that control the evolution of the studied slope and provide insights into the deformation process.
Analyzing the dynamics of online video popularity

Given the large volume of video content and the diversity of user attention, it is of great importance to understand the characteristics of online video popularity for technological, economic and social reasons. In this paper, based on the data collected from a leading online video service provider in China, namely Youku, the dynamics of online video popularity are analyzed in-depth from four key aspects: overall popularity distribution, individual popularity distribution, popularity evolution pattern and early-future popularity relationship. How the popularity of a set of newly upload videos distributes throughout the observation period is first studied. Then the notion of active days is proposed, and the per-day and per-hour popularity distributions of individual videos are carefully studied. Next, how the popularity of an individual video evolves over time is investigated. The evolution patterns are further defined according to the number and temporal locations of popularity bursts, in order to describe the popularity growth trend. At last, the linear relationship between early video popularity and future video popularity are examined on a log-log scale. The relationship is found to be largely impacted by the popularity evolution patterns. Therefore, the specialized models are proposed to describe the correlation according to the popularity evolution patterns. Experiment results show that specialized models can better fit the correlation than a general model. Above all, the analysis results in our work can provide direct help in practical for the interested parties of online video service such as service providers, online advisers, and network operators.
Glycerol carbonate synthesis from glycerol and dimethyl carbonate using guanidine ionic liquids

A large number of surplus glycerol fromthe biodiesel production can be used as renewable feedstock to produce glycerol carbonate. In this paper, a series of guanidine-based ionic liquids were synthesized to catalyze the transesterification of glycerol and dimethyl carbonate. The tunable basicity and the anion–cation cooperative effect were responsible for the obtained results. The [TMG][TFE] showed the best activity turnover frequency (TOF) of 1754.0 h~(–1), glycerol (GL) conversion of 91.8%, glycerol carbonate (GC) selectivity of 95.5%) at 80 °C with 0.1 mol% catalyst for 30 min. The reaction mechanism of the transesterification was also proposed.
Development of a least squares support vector machine model for prediction of natural gas hydrate formation temperature

Hydrates always are considered as a threat to petroleum industry due to the operational problems it can cause. These problems could result in reducing production performance or even production stoppage for a long time. In this paper, we were intended to develop a LSSVM algorithm for prognosticating hydrate formation temperature (HFT) in a wide range of natural gasmixtures. A total number of 279 experimental data pointswere extracted fromopen literature to develop the LSSVM. The input parameters were chosen based on the hydrate structure that each gas species form. The modeling resulted in a robust algorithmwith the squared correlation coefficients (R~2) of 0.9918. Aside from the excellent statistical parameters of the model, comparing proposed LSSVM with some of conventional correlations showed its supremacy, particularly in the case of sour gases with high H_2S concentrations, where the model surpasses all correlations and existing thermodynamic models. For detection of the probable doubtful experimental data, and applicability of the model, the Leverage statistical approach was performed on the data sets. This algorithm showed that the proposed LSSVM model is statistically valid for HFT prediction and almost all the data points are in the applicability domain of the model.
Optimization of a crude distillation unit using a combination of wavelet neural network and line-up competition algorithm

Themodeling and optimization of an industrial-scale crude distillation unit (CDU) are addressed. The main specifications and base conditions of CDU are taken froma crude oil refinery inWuhan, China. Formodeling of a complicated CDU, an improvedwavelet neural network (WNN) is presented to model the complicated CDU, inwhich novel parametric updating laws are developed to precisely capture the characteristics of CDU. To address CDU in an economically optimalmanner, an economic optimization algorithmunder prescribed constraints is presented. By using a combination ofWNN-based optimization model and line-up competition algorithm (LCA), the superior performance of the proposed approach is verified. Compared with the base operating condition, it is validated that the increments of products including kerosene and diesel are up to 20% at least by increasing less than 5% duties of intermediate coolers such as second pump-around (PA2) and third pump-around (PA3).
Multi-objective steady-state optimization of two-chamber microbial fuel cells

A microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a novel promising technology for simultaneous renewable electricity generation and wastewater treatment. Three non-comparable objectives, i.e. power density, attainable current density and waste removal ratio, are often conflicting. A thorough understanding of the relationship among these three conflicting objectives can be greatly helpful to assist in optimal operation of MFC system. In this study, a multiobjective genetic algorithm is used to simultaneously maximizing power density, attainable current density and waste removal ratio based on a mathematical model for an acetate two-chamber MFC. Moreover, the level diagrams method is utilized to aid in graphical visualization of Pareto front and decision making. Three biobjective optimization problems and one three-objective optimization problem are thoroughly investigated. The obtained Pareto fronts illustrate the complex relationships among these three objectives, which is helpful for final decision support. Therefore, the integrated methodology of a multi-objective genetic algorithm and a graphical visualization technique provides a promising tool for the optimal operation ofMFCs by simultaneously considering multiple conflicting objectives.
Pt nanocrystals electrodeposited on reduced graphene oxide/carbon fiber paper with efficient electrocatalytic properties

Carbon fiber paper (CFP) wrapped with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) film as the composite support (rGO/ CFP) of Pt catalysts was studied. It was found that rGO could affect the size and morphology of Pt nanocrystals (NCs). Concave nanocubes (CNC) Pt NCs ~20 nm were uniformly electrodeposited on high reduced HrGO/CFP while irregular Pt NCs ~62 nm were loaded on low reduced LrGO. Compared with Pt-LrGO/CFP and Pt-MrGO/ CFP, the CNC Pt-HrGO/CFP exhibited a higher electrochemically active surface area (121.7 m~2 g~(-1)), as well as enhanced electrooxidation activity of methanol (499 mA mg~(-1)) and formic acid (950 mA mg~(-1)). The results further demonstrated that the CNC Pt-HrGO/CFP could serve as the gas diffusion electrode in fuel cells and yielded a satisfactory performance (1855 mW mg~(-1)). The work can provide an attractive perspective on the convenient preparation of the novel gas diffusion electrode for proton exchange membrane fuel cells.
Microstructural evolution and performance of hydrogen storage and electrochemistry of Co-added La_(0.75)Mg_(0.25)Ni_(3.5-x)Co_x (x = 0,0.2,0.5 at%) alloys

Microstructure, hydrogen storage and electrochemical performances of Co-added La_(0.75)Mg_(0.25)Ni_(3.5-x)Co_x (x = 0, 0.2, 0.5 at%) alloys are studied. XRD and rietveld refinement results suggest that the samples are mainly composed of (LaMg)Ni_3, (LaMg)_2Ni_7 and LaNi_5 phases, Co substitution for Ni changes the phase abundance, but not the phase composition. With the rising of Co content, the amount of (LaMg)_2Ni_7 phase decreases, but the amount of LaNi_5 phase increases, while the amount of (LaMg)Ni_3 phase firstly increases and then decreases. The alloys reversibly absorb and desorb hydrogen at 298 K smoothly. When Co content is 0.2 at%, the hydrogen absorption capacity reaches the maximum value of 1.14 H/M,and the absorption capacities reach 1.09 H/M and 1.03 H/M in the first minute at 298 K and 323 K,respectively. Electrochemical performance measurement results show that La_(0.75)Mg_(0.25)Ni_(3.5-x)Cox alloys are completely activated within 2 cycles, and the cyclic stability of La_(0.75)Mg_(0.25)Ni_(3.3)Co_(0.2) alloy approaches 63.7% after 100 charge/discharge cycles, which is higher than that (S_(100) = 60%) of La_(0.75)Mg_(0.25)Ni_(3.0)Co_(0.5) alloy. Thus, the La_(0.75)Mg_(0.25)Ni_(3.3)Co_(0.2) alloy exhibits optimum comprehensive properties of hydrogen storage and electrochemistry.
深耕科技强国梦砥砺奋进谱华章———国家自然科学基金五年发展回顾

党的十八大以来,以习近平同志为核心的党中央把科技创新摆在国家发展全局的核心位置,实施创新驱动发展战略,着力推动以科技创新为核心的全面创新。国家自然科学基金委员会认真贯彻落实习近平总书记系列重要讲话精神,科学运用国家财政投入资金约1 094.06亿元,其他渠道资金约17.56亿元,资助各类项目159 861项,稳定支持基础研究和科学前沿探索,促进人才和队伍成长,持续增强我国原始创新能力,为世界科技强国建设奠定扎实基础。
腹腔镜下不同方法修复剖宫产子宫瘢痕憩室的临床疗效分析

选择我院确诊剖宫产子宫瘢痕憩室患者,分别行腹腔镜下切除瘢痕憩室后再行子宫修补和腹腔镜下保留剖宫产子宫瘢痕完整性基础上修复憩室(腹腔镜下“折叠对接缝合法”)2种方法处理,比较2组手术时间、出血量、术后患者排气时间以及术后恢复等指标。结果显示,2组在手术时间、出血量、术后住院天数、腹腔引流量、住院费用、治愈率上差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05);而手术有效率差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。腹腔镜下“折叠对接缝合法”修复剖宫产子宫瘢痕憩室疗效满意,值得临床推广应用。
神经性厌食案

背俞穴为脏腑之气直接输注的部位,与脏腑关系密切,五脏有病多刺背俞穴治疗。针刺背俞穴可以直接调节脏腑之气,故先针刺背俞穴。取心俞、肝俞、百会、期门、神门、太冲疏肝调神。《灵枢·大惑论》曰:“胃气上逆则胃脘寒,故不嗜食也。”取内关、公孙和胃降逆。久病及肾,长期节食,气血生化无源,耗伤肾精,取肾俞、关元、三阴交、太溪补养肾精,益先天以助后天。脾胃为后天之本,《灵枢·邪气藏府病形》曰:“胃病者,腹胀,胃脘当心而痛,上肢两胁,膈咽不通,食饮不下,取之三里也。”取脾俞、胃俞、中脘、气海、足三里生化气血,濡养肌肉形体。灸法可振奋阳气、益气固脱,《神灸经纶》曰:“取艾之辛香,能通十二经,入三阴,理气血,逐寒湿。”针刺加灸可大大加强补益脾胃之气的作用。本病为多因素造成的心身疾病,故应结合心理开导,树立正确的健康观念,同时配合健康规律的饮食生活习惯。
Why Was the Strengthening of Rainfall in Summer over the Yangtze River Valley in 2016 Less Pronounced than that in 1998 under Similar Preceding El Nino Events?—Role of Midlatitude Circulation in August

It is widely recognized that rainfall over the Yangtze River valley (YRV) strengthens considerably during the decaying summer of El Nino, as demonstrated by the catastrophic flooding suffered in the summer of 1998. Nevertheless, the rainfall over the YRV in the summer of 2016 was much weaker than that in 1998, despite the intensity of the 2016 El Nino having been as strong as that in 1998. A thorough comparison of the YRV summer rainfall anomaly between 2016 and 1998 suggests that the difference was caused by the sub-seasonal variation in the YRV rainfall anomaly between these two years, principally in August. The precipitation anomaly was negative in August 2016—different to the positive anomaly of 1998. Further analysis suggests that the weaker YRV rainfall in August 2016 could be attributable to the distinct circulation anomalies over the midlatitudes. The intensified “Silk Road Pattern” and upper-tropospheric geopotential height over the Urals region, both at their strongest since 1980, resulted in an anticyclonic circulation anomaly over midlatitude East Asia with anomalous easterly flow over the middle-to-lower reaches of the YRV in the lower troposphere. This easterly flow reduced the climatological wind, weakened the water vapor transport, and induced the weaker YRV rainfall in August 2016, as compared to that in 1998. Given the unique sub-seasonal variation of the YRV rainfall in summer 2016, more attention should be paid to midlatitude circulation—besides the signal in the tropics—to further our understanding of the predictability and variation of YRV summer rainfall.
LOCAL DISCONTINUOUS GALERKIN METHOD FOR ELLIPTIC INTERFACE PROBLEMS

In this paper, the minimal dissipation local discontinuous Galerkin method is studied to solve the elliptic interface problems in two-dimensional domains. The interface may be arbitrary smooth curves. It is shown that the error estimates in ${L^2}$-norm for the solution and the flux are O(${h^2}|\log h|$ and O($h|\log h{|^{1/2}}$), respectively. In numerical experiments, the successive substitution iterative methods are used to solve the LDG schemes. Numerical results verify the efficiency and accuracy of the method.
AVERAGE REGULARITY OF THE SOLUTION TO AN EQUATION WITH THE RELATIVISTIC-FREE TRANSPORT OPERATOR

Let $u = u\left( {t,{\textbf{x}},{\textbf{p}}} \right)$ satisfy the transport equation $\frac{{\partial u}}{{\partial t}} + \frac{{\textbf{p}}}{{po}}\frac{{\partial u}}{{\partial x}} = f$, where $f = f\left( {t,{\textbf{x}},{\textbf{p}}} \right)$ belongs to ${L^p}\left( {\left( {0,T} \right) \times {{\textbf{R}}^3} \times {{\textbf{R}}^3}} \right)$ for $1 < p < \infty $ and $\frac{\partial }{{\partial t}} + \frac{{\textbf{p}}}{{po}}\frac{\partial }{{\partial x}}$ is the relativisticfree transport operator from the relativistic Boltzmann equation. We show the regularity of ${\smallint _{{{\textbf{R}}^3}}}$ u(t, x, p)dp using the same method as given by Golse, Lions, Perthame and Sentis. This average regularity is considered in terms of fractional Sobolev spaces and it is very useful for the study of the existence of the solution to the Cauchy problem on the relativistic Boltzmann equation.
Organo-Petrographic and Pore Facets of Permian Shale Beds of Jharia Basin with Implications to Shale Gas Reservoir

The shale deposits of Damodar Valley have received great attention since preliminary studies indicate their potential for shale gas. However, fundamental information allied to shale gas reservoir characteristics are still rare in India, as exploration is in the primary stage. In this study, Barakar shale beds of eastern part of Jharia Basin are evaluated for gas reservoir characteristics. It is evident that Barakar shales are carbonaceous,silty,contains sub-angular flecks of quartz and mica, irregular hair-line fractures and showing lithological variations along the bedding planes, signifying terrestrial-fluviatile deposits under reducing environment The values of TOC varies from 1.21 wt.% to 17.32 wt.%, indicating good source rock potentiality. The vitrinite, liptinite,inertinite and mineral matter ranging from 0.28 vol.% to 12.98 vol.%, 0.17 vol.% to 3.23 vol.%, 0.23 vol.% to 9.05 vol.%, and 74.74 vol.% to 99.10 vol.%, respectively. The ternary facies plot of maceral composition substantiated that Barakar shales are vitrinite rich and placed in the thermal-dry gas prone region. The low values of the surface area determined following different methods point towards low methane storage capacity, this is because of diagenesis and alterations of potash feldspar responsible for pore blocking effect. The pore size distribution signifying the micro to mesoporous nature,while Type II sorption curve with the H2 type of hysteresis pattern,specifies the heterogeneity in pore structure mainly combined-slit and bottle neck pores.
Geography's “World view”: The ontological issues of geography

Contemporary science philosophy suggests that discussing ontological problems is of fundamental significance broadly within certain specific disciplines. Natural and social science research are inseparable from philosophical guidance; for instance, the philosophy of geography is the ideological basis for geography. The traditional philosophy of geography is methodologyoriented, which primarily emphasizes the “logical structure of geography explanations,” and ignores the discussion of its ontology. This study, in the context of the philosophy of science, explores the relationships between methodology, ontology, and the philosophy of geography, defines the connotations of geographical ontology, analyzes the links and differences between philosophical ontology and scientific ontology of geography, clarifies the nature of geographical ontology, and summaries its theoretical values. The ontology of geography incorporates the philosophically ontological beliefs of geographers and geographical schools and the ontological commitment of the theory of geography. As different geographers hold different philosophical viewpoints, their ontological beliefs are different; one geographical theory asserts an ontological commitment of “what is there,” which determines the nature and types of objectives the theory references. The ontological beliefs of geographers determine their epistemology, methodology, and axiology, and the ontological commitment of a geographical theory is the premise and basis of that theory.
A proposal for the theoretical analysis of the interactive coupled effects between urbanization and the eco-environment in mega-urban agglomerations

Mega-urban agglomerations are strategic core areas for national economic development and the main regions of new urbanization. They also have important roles in shifting the global economic center of gravity to China. However, the development of mega-urban agglomerations has triggered the interactive coercion between resources and the eco-environment. The interactive coupled effects between urbanization and the eco-environment in mega-urban agglomerations represent frontier and high-priority research topics in the field of Earth system science over the next decade. In this paper, we carried out systematic theoretical analysis of the interactive coupling mechanisms and coercing effects between urbanization and the eco-environment in mega-urban agglomerations. In detail, we analyzed the nonlinear-coupled relationships and the coupling characteristics between natural and human elements in mega-urban agglomerations. We also investigated the interactive coercion intensities between internal and external elements, and the mechanisms and patterns of local couplings and telecouplings in mega-urban agglomeration systems, which are affected by key internal and external control elements. In addition, we proposed the interactive coupling theory on urbanization and the eco-environment in mega-urban agglomerations. Furthermore, we established a spatiotemporal dynamic coupling model with multi-element, multi-scale, multi-scenario, multi-module and multi-agent integrations, which can be used to develop an intelligent decision support system for sustainable development of mega-urban agglomerations. In general, our research may provide theoretical guidance and method support to solve problems related to mega-urban agglomerations and maintain their sustainable development.
Remodeling the blood–brain barrier microenvironment by natural products for brain tumor therapy

Brain tumor incidence shows an upward trend in recent years; brain tumors account for 5% of adult tumors, while in children, this figure has increased to 70%. Moreover, 20%–30% of malignant tumors will eventually metastasize into the brain. Both benign and malignant tumors can cause an increase in intracranial pressure and brain tissue compression, leading to central nervous system(CNS) damage which endangers the patients' lives. Despite the many approaches to treating brain tumors and the progress that has been made, only modest gains in survival time of brain tumor patients have been achieved. At present, chemotherapy is the treatment of choice for many cancers, but the special structure of the blood– brain barrier(BBB) limits most chemotherapeutic agents from passing through the BBB and penetrating into tumors in the brain. The BBB microenvironment contains numerous cell types, including endothelial cells, astrocytes, peripheral cells and microglia, and extracellular matrix(ECM). Many chemical components of natural products are reported to regulate the BBB microenvironment near brain tumors and assist in their treatment. This review focuses on the composition and function of the BBB microenvironment under both physiological and pathological conditions, and the current research progress in regulating the BBB microenvironment by natural products to promote the treatment of brain tumors.