mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Parametric analyses of evapotranspiration landfill covers in humid regions

Natural soils are more durable than almost all man-made materials. Evapotranspiration (ET) covers use vegetated soil layers to store water until it is either evaporated from the soil surface or transpired through vegetation. ET covers rely on the water storage capacity of soil layer, rather than low permeability materials, to minimize percolation. While the use of ET covers in landfills increased over the last decade, they were mainly used in arid or semi-arid regions. At present, the use of ET covers has not been thoroughly investigated in humid areas. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the use of ET covers in humid areas where there is an annual precipitation of more than 800 mm. Numerical analyses were carried out to investigate the influences of cover thickness, soil type, vegetation level and distribution of precipitation on performance of ET covers. Performance and applicability of capillary barriers and a new-type cover were analyzed. The results show that percolation decreases with an increasing cover thickness and an increasing vegetation level, but the increasing trend becomes unclear when certain thickness or LAI (leaf area index) is reached. Cover soil with a large capability of water storage is recommended to minimize percolation. ET covers are significantly influenced by distribution of precipitation and are more effective in areas where rainy season coincides with hot season. Capillary barriers are more efficient than monolithic covers. The new cover is better than the monolithic cover in performance and the final percolation is only 0.5% of the annual precipitation.
A review on the performance of conventional and energy-absorbing rockbolts

This is a review paper on the performances of both conventional and energy-absorbing rockbolts manifested in laboratory tests. Characteristic parameters such as ultimate load, displacement and energy absorption are reported, in addition to load-displacement graphs for every type of rockbolt. Conventional rockbolts refer to mechanical rockbolts, fully-grouted rebars and frictional rockbolts. According to the test results, under static pull loading a mechanical rockbolt usually fails at the plate; a fully-grouted rebar bolt fails in the bolt shank at an ultimate load equal to the strength of the steel after a small amount of displacement; and a frictional rockbolt is subjected to large displacement at a low yield load. Under shear loading, all types of bolts fail in the shank. Energy-absorbing rockbolts are developed aiming to combat instability problems in burst-prone and squeezing rock conditions. They absorb deformation energy either through ploughing/slippage at predefined load levels or through stretching of the steel bolt. An energy-absorbing rockbolt can carry a high load and also accommodate significant rock displacement, and thus its energy-absorbing capacity is high. The test results show that the energy absorption of the energy-absorbing bolts is much larger than that of all conventional bolts. The dynamic load capacity is smaller than the static load capacity for the energy-absorbing bolts displacing based on ploughing/slippage while they are approximately the same for the D-Bolt that displaces based on steel stretching.
Best Effort Spectrum Allocation Scheme for Femtocell Networks in Dense Deployment

In orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) based femtocell networks, the co-tier interference among femto base stations(FBS) becomes important in multiuser and densely deployed environment. In order to mitigate the co-tier interference and enhance the system total throughput, this paper proposed a best effort spectrum allocation scheme based on the extension of graph theory. In the scheme, a controller was proposed to collect the channel state information (CSI) of all femtocell user equipments (FUEs) in a certain range. Then, the controller evaluated the signal-to-interference Ratio (SIR) of each FUE and determined the set of its interference neighbors. By calculating the received power matrix (RPM) among FUEs and building interference graph matrix (IGM), different spectrum resource blocks (RBs) were assigned to the users with interference relation, while users without interference relation shared the same RBs, which could increase the spectrum efficiency. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can significantly improve the RB usage efficiency compared with the basic graph coloring theory, and more than 80% improvement can be acquired in dense deployment scenario. Besides, the throughput of both cell edge macro user equipments (MUEs) and cell edge FUEs is guaranteed on the premise of low interference.
注射钆喷酸葡胺行磁共振检查引发静脉炎一例的护理体会

磁共振造影剂钆喷酸葡胺作为磁共振扫描成像顺磁性对比剂，因其对比增强效果好，在核磁共振增强扫描检查中得到了广泛的应用。钆喷酸葡胺不良反应发生率低，其不良反应多为面部潮红、头痛、头晕、荨麻疹等，且多见于有哮喘、过敏史者，而对于注射钆喷酸葡胺引起静脉炎的报道较少。上海市虹口区四川北路街道社区卫生服务中心收治了1例注射钆喷酸葡胺导致静脉炎的患者，经积极治疗和护理后好转，无并发症发生，现报道如下。
窒息性混合气体中毒合并重症吸入性肺炎患者的急救与护理

对于不明混合气体中毒的患者，应首先脱离现场，必要时行心肺复苏，及时予以氧疗或呼吸支持，控制炎症反应，减轻急性肺水肿和脑水肿；在明确病原菌的基础上，合理使用抗生素，防止继发损害。护士应重视急救处理及病情监测，并通过体位治疗、机械排痰、呼吸功能锻炼等改善患者的肺功能，观察药物疗效和不良反应，监测肝、肾功能状况，做好营养支持和心理护理，促进患者的康复。
膝关节滑膜脂肪瘤超声表现1例

滑膜脂肪瘤是发生于滑膜下层的罕见的脂肪组织良性肿瘤，又称树枝状脂肪瘤或滑膜绒毛状脂肪瘤样增生；主要累及膝关节，常表现为受累关节慢性进行性肿胀、疼痛、活动受限、关节积液反复发作等。其大体病理表现为滑膜弥漫性肥厚，表面为粗大绒毛状或乳头状突起，颜色多为黄白色或灰白色；组织病理学表现为滑膜下层内成熟脂肪组织增生，滑膜组织内可见淋巴细胞及浆细胞浸润。该病主要依赖关节镜活检及手术病理诊断。经滑膜切除术治疗后复发率低。本例超声表现为膝关节积液和滑膜增厚，增厚的滑膜层周围可见明显增厚的增强回声区，类似脂肪组织回声。本病应与色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎、滑膜软骨瘤病及关节结核相鉴别，上述病变超声均可检出关节积液及滑膜增生，但不会出现滑膜层周围增强回声区，有助于鉴别诊断。
甲状腺癌肺静脉转移突入心房1例

讨论甲状腺癌属于常见的内分泌恶性肿瘤，近年来发病率呈明显上升趋势，根据组织学类型不同可分为乳头状癌、滤泡癌、髓样癌、岛状癌和未分化癌等，其与大多数恶性肿瘤一样，具有侵袭性强和易转移的特点。甲状腺癌转移的途径包括血液、淋巴管，肿瘤血栓通过甲状腺静脉持续渗入或直接扩散，由上腔静脉经肺静脉至心脏，也可以通过心包积液种植。最常发生肺静脉和心脏转移的甲状腺癌为乳头状癌。间变性癌、髓样癌和低分化甲状腺癌转移至心脏者仅见个别报道。本例为甲状腺髓样癌肺静脉广泛转移并突入心房。
护士长风险管理体验的质性研究

目的了解护士长进行风险管理的方式和管理过程中的真实体验，为制定有针对性的风险管理措施提供科学依据。方法采取质性研究中的现象学研究法对11名护士长的风险管理体验进行访谈。结果提炼出4个主题，即风险管理认识水平参差不齐；风险管理措施局限，缺少综合考虑；风险管理机制不健全；护理风险管理难点各异。结论医疗机构应尽快规范风险管理流程，克服风险管理中的困难，提高护士长对风险管理的能力，降低医疗风险。
不同技术测量患者体温脉搏时间及其依从性比较

目的探讨改进体温、脉搏测量技术对节约护理时间和提高患者依从性的效果。方法将2013年7月22日至8月21日住院患者35例设为对照组，2013年8月22日至9月21日住院患者35例设为观察组。对照组采用传统技术方法，用水银体温计测量体温、手触摸桡动脉方式测量脉搏；观察组采用非接触式红外体温计测体温、便携式指端脉搏测量仪测脉搏。结果观察组体温、脉搏测量时间显著短于对照组(P<0.01)；患者依从性显著优于对照组(P<0.01)。结论测量体温、脉搏的新技术能有效节约护理时间，提高患者依从性，从而节约护理人力，提高患者执行率。
艾滋病合并播散性新型隐球菌病2例

新型隐球菌感染多发生于免疫功能低下人群，特别是严重免疫功能低下的晚期艾滋病患者可发生播散性新型隐球菌病，此类患者病情复杂，累及全身多个器官，极易导致误诊、漏诊而延误治疗。现总结分析本院收治的2例艾滋病合并播散性新型隐球菌病患者临床资料，以期提高临床医师对该病的认知。
威利坦治疗包皮环切术后水肿的临床疗效观察

本研究对包皮环切术后患者口服威利坦治疗包皮肿胀进行了临床疗效观察,证实了术后口服威利坦可以有效预防和治疗包皮环切术后的包皮水肿。
Cryptanalysis and Improvement of Quantum Private Comparison Protocol Based on Bell Entangled States

A bstract Recently, Liu et al. [Commun. Theor. Phys. 57 (2012) 583] proposed a quantum private comparison protocol based on entanglement swapping of Bell states,which aims to securely compare the equality of two participants' information with the help of a semi-honest third party (TP). However, the present study points out there is a fatal loophole in Liu et al.'s protocol, and TP can make Bell-basis measurement to know all the participants'secret inputs without being detected. To fix the problem, a simple solution, which uses one-time eavesdropper checking with decoy photons instead of twice eavesdropper checking with Bell states, is demonstrated. Compared with the original protocol, it not only reduces the Bell states consumption but also simplifies the protocol steps.
Symmetry Analysis and Conservation Laws to the (2+1)-Dimensional Coupled Nonlinear Extension of the Reaction-Diffusion Equation

In this paper, a detailed Lie symmetry analysis of the (2+1)-dimensional coupled nonlinear extension of the reaction-diffusion equation is presented. The general finite transformation group is derived via a simple direct method，which is equivalent to Lie point .symmetry group actually. Similarity reduction and some exact solutions of the original equation are obtained based on the optimal system of one-dimensional subalgebras. In addition, conservation laws are constructed by employing the new conservation theorem.
Effects of cinnamon on perineal pain and healing of episiotomy: a randomized placebo-controlled trial

BACKGROUND: Analgesic and wound-healing effects of cinnamon, a widely used spice, have been shown in laboratory rats. However, we found no human studies in this area. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of cinnamon on perineal pain and healing of episiotomy incision. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS: In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, 144 postpartum women were allocated into two groups, using stratified block randomization, 1 h after completion of episiotomy repair. They received cinnamon or placebo ointment, 2 mL every 12 h for 10 d. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Perineal pain and wound healing were assessed using visual analogue scale (0-10) and Redness, Edema, Ecchymosis, Discharge, Approximation scale (0-15), respectively. General linear model was used to compare the groups on the outcomes adjusted for baseline values and stratified factors. RESULTS: Follow-up rate was 100% up to the 8 h time point in both groups, and 86% (62 of 72) in the cinnamon group and 85% (61 of 72) in the placebo group at day 10-11 after delivery. Pain score in the cinnamon group was significantly lower than that in the placebo group at (4±1) h (adjusted difference: -0.6, 95% confidence interval: -1.0 to -0.2) and (8±1) h (-0.9, -1.4 to -0.3) after intervention, and on the 10-11th day after delivery (-1.4, -2.0 to -0.7). Also the cinnamon group showed significantly more improvement than the control group in healing score at (8±1) h (-0.2, -0.4 to -0.04) and the 10-11th day after delivery (-1.6, -2.0 to -1.1). CONCLUSION: Cinnamon can be used for reducing perineal pain and improving healing of episiotomy incision.
氧化铅锌矿浮选工艺研究进展

分析氧化铅锌矿的浮选工艺研究现状,介绍硫化钠硫化浮选、硫磺硫化浮选、螯合剂浮选、絮凝浮选、新型浮选工艺,重选一浮选联合流程以及选冶联合流程,对这些工艺进行综合评述,指出今后主要发展方向。
Identifying the failure mechanism in accelerated life tests by two-parameter lognormal distributions

The failure mechanism stimulated by accelerated stress in the degradation may be different from that under normal conditions, which would lead to invalid accelerated life tests. To solve the problem, we study the relation between the Arrhenius equation and the lognormal distribution in the degradation process. Two relationships of the lognormal distribution parameters must be satisfied in the conclusion of the unaltered failure mechanism, the first is that the logarithmic standard deviations must be equivalent at different temperature levels, and the second is that the ratio of the differences between logarithmic means must be equal to the ratio of the differences between reciprocals of temperature. The logarithm of distribution lines must simultaneously have the same slope and regular interval lines. We studied the degradation of thick-film resistors in MCM by accelerated stress at four temperature levels (390, 400, 410 and 420 K), and the result agreed well with our method.
Determination of long-term strength of frozen loess after numerous freeze-thaw cycles

In order to determine the changing rule of long-term frozen soil strength and elucidate the connection between long-term strength and soil physical properties, frozen loess was subjected to 4, 6, 8, 10, and 50 freeze-thaw cycles, under closed-state conditions in a constant-temperature box. The frozen samples were tested on a spherical template indenter, and the results show that under the effect of repeated freeze-thaw cycles, the long-term strength of frozen loess decreased; changes in the mechanical property indices were highly unstable during the first 10 cycles; the soil strength and density were the greatest at the eighth cycle while the void ratio was the smallest; and after eight cycles all of the indices had less fluctuation and certain rising or falling tendencies. By converting the number of freeze-thaw cycles into elapsed time in the tests, three different forecasting methods of long-term soil strength could be assessed and the soil equivalent cohesive force after 10 years, 20 years, or 30 years could be estimated.
Dating of two thermokarst lakes in Beiluhe Basin, Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Most of the thermokarst lakes are spread appreciably in Beiluhe Basin, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China, where ice-rich permafrost exists. Two typical thermokarst lakes with differing area and depth were examined to ascertain their age. We obtained lake-bottom samples of 50 cm length from lake BLH-A and 25 cm length from lake BLH-B. Environmental ~(137)Cs and ~(210)Pb and radiocarbon age dating techniques were applied to the 50 cm and 25 cm samples, respectively. The results indicate that the initiation of BLH-A is about 800-900 a B.P., and approximately 1,450±30 a B.P. to 2,230±30 a B.P. for BLH-B. These results will provide scientific bases for sedimentological study and thermokarst activity in Beiluhe Basin.
Thermal state of ice-rich soils on the Tommot-Yakutsk Railroad right-of-way

This paper summarizes the results of investigations carried out in the northern section of the Tommot-Yakutsk Railroad in eastern Siberia, underlain by ice-rich permafrost. The ongoing permafrost and geotechnical research program in support of railroad construction includes assessment of the ground thermal state on the right-of-way and adjacent areas based on long-term field observations using the method of terrain thermal physics. These studies focus on the upper permafrost within the depth of annual temperature variation. In undisturbed areas, inter-annual variability of the ground thermal state shows little response to recent climatic variations. However, forest clearing and surface disturbance during right-of-way construction cause an increase in permafrost temperature, deepening of the active layer, thaw settlement, and water accumulation along the embankment. The active layer is thickest along the sun-exposed left berm and is thinnest along the more shaded right berm. Measures to prevent thaw-related embankment problems are recommended.
Case studies: Frozen ground design and construction in Kotzebue, Alaska

Alaska has many construction design challenges due to permafrost. Due to either climate changes or human activities and development, permafrost often becomes unstable. Unstable soils can cause thaw settlement, frost jacking, or heaving. These can cause damage to infrastructure, increase maintenance costs, and decrease the life of construction projects. Kotzebue, Alaska, a remote village in the northwest arctic part of Alaska, is ideal for observing such permafrost effects on infrastructure. Three case studies of Kotzebue construction projects are reviewed here: the Front Loop Water Main Extension, which shows the importance of both passive and active freeze thaw protection for water service pipes and how to minimize differential movement between pipes and buildings; the Wastewater Lift Station Replacement, which describes methods for reducing thaw settlement in buildings over time when it is not feasible to prevent thaw settlement, and compares the benefits of frozen ground excavation over traditional excavation practices; and the Ted Stevens Way Rehabilitation, which discusses the effectiveness of 2001 best design practices for gravel road construction over tundra and permafrost, identifies their design and construction failures, and proposes future solutions.
Medium and small embankment dams on permafrost: A discussion of current concepts

This article discusses the current concepts of dam design and construction in permafrost regions. It is demonstrated that embankment dams often change their state from frozen to thawed and back during the operation period. It is shown that these transitions are not always attributable to observed climate warming. Where geotechnical, hydrogeological, and permafrost conditions are complicated, proper performance of embankment dams can only be provided by adhering to a selected thermal design for, as an example, a frozen state.
New insights into the roles of CHOP-induced apoptosis in ER stress

Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) is triggered due to a loss of homeostasis in the ER, resulting in accumulation of misfolded proteins in the ER lumen. ER stress activates a series of adaptive mechanisms known as the unfolded protein response. Perturbation of the ER is a powerful inducer of the transcription factor C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP). Although it has been proved that excessive or adverse stress to the ER triggers apoptosis, the specific mechanisms underlying these processes induced by CHOP remain unclear. By now, CHOP-induced apoptosis in ER stress has been implicated in numerous human diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, ischemic diseases, tumor, and so on. In this review, we summarized the current understanding of the roles of CHOP in the development of several diseases from the laboratory to the clinic.
高原驻训飞行员心理状况变化特点调查

高原自然环境恶劣,高寒、缺氧、低气压、强紫外线,习惯于平原地区生活的人在高原地区会出现不同程度的高原反应。在这种条件下进行飞行训练或执行飞行任务,不仅身体会受到影响,还会对心理上产生不良影响。为探讨高原驻训对飞行员心理状况的影响,笔者对某飞行团在经历4个月的高原驻训任务后进行了心理状况调查。
基因芯片检测甲基化在中老年食管鳞状细胞癌(ESCC)中的应用前景

表观遗传学是目前生物学研究领域最具发展前景的学科。基因自身的改变和表观遗传基因的改变都会通过复杂的信号转导,单独或共同的引起有害基因突变率的增加。表观遗传学通过几个机制控制基因的表达:DNA甲基化;组蛋白修饰;非编码RNA的表观遗传调控。目前研究最广泛的是DNA甲基化。实验表明DNA重复序列的甲基化,可能会导致细胞染色体缺失或重组,从而造成遗传不稳定。因此人类基因甲基化增加染色质的不稳定性,导致肿瘤发展;同时特殊位点CpG岛启动子的甲基化,可以沉默肿瘤抑癌基因,有一定的致癌作用。表观遗传学与饮食、药物等外界环境有一定关系,当不利的环境因素作用于人体时,表观改变使染色质结构重塑,继而促进肿瘤等疾病的发生。
骨髓增殖性肿瘤患者78例

骨髓增殖性肿瘤(MPN)是一组克隆性造血干细胞疾病,骨髓表现为一系或多系骨髓细胞增殖异常。2008年WHO分类标准将其分为慢性髓系白血病、慢性中性粒细胞白血病、高嗜酸粒细胞综合征、真性红细胞增多症(PV)、原发性血小板增多症(ET)、原发性骨髓纤维化(PMF)等。本文将我院住院部收治的真性红细胞增多症、原发性血小板增多症、原发性骨髓纤维化的78例患者临床资料进行统计分析,为MPN诊断及治疗提供思路和依据。
老年伤害患者住院费用的影响因素

未来医疗资源50%用于老年人口。伤害作为60岁以上老年人口死因构成前四位之一,其对老年人群造成的直接经济负担相对较重且呈现逐年加重趋势。本文分析老年伤害患者住院费用的影响因素。
老年乙型肝炎患者血清可溶性肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体、可溶性血管细胞黏附分子-1、白细胞介素-18和-23的表达

目的分析乙型肝炎老年患者血清可溶性肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体(sTRAIL)、可溶性血管细胞黏附分子(sVCAM)-1、白细胞介素(IL)-18和IL-23表达及临床意义。方法确诊为乙型肝炎的老年患者165例为观察组,体检证实为健康的老年人90例为对照组,均抽取静脉血,分离血清后应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测sTRAIL、sVCAM-1和IL-18、-23表达。结果观察组sTRAIL、sVCAM-1和IL-18、-23表达明显高于对照组,观察组sTRAIL、sVCAM-1和IL-18、-23表达与病变严重程度密切相关。观察组sTRAIL和sVCAM-1、IL-18和-23表达均正相关。结论乙型肝炎老年患者血清sTRAIL、sVCAM-1、IL-18和-23高表达可促进疾病发生及进展,四者对判断病情有一定价值。
3.0T磁共振Vibrant序列联合高b值DWI在老年微小乳腺癌中的诊断价值

目的探讨3.0T磁共振乳腺动态容积成像(Vibrant)序列联合高扩散敏感因子(b值)DWI在老年人微小乳腺癌诊断中的应用价值。 方法搜集经病理活检确诊的老年乳腺癌患者67例78处病灶,病灶最大横径均<10 mm,行GE Signa HD×3.0T磁共振检查,动态增强采用Vibrant序列,DWI采用扩散加权平面回波成像(EPI)序列和快速翻转恢复(STIR)序列,b值(扩散敏感因子)选取0、1 500 s/mm~2。结果所有78处病灶中,病理类型包括浸润性导管癌52例,导管内原位癌13例,浸润性小叶癌8例,黏液腺癌3例,浆液性囊腺癌2例,病灶最大横径均<10 mm。动态增强MRI曲线中,Ⅰ型曲线占7.7%(6/78),Ⅱ型曲线占61.5%(48/78),Ⅲ型曲线占30.8%(24/78)。以增强曲线诊断标准判断其敏感性86.3%、特异性78.5%、阳性符合率88.4%。ADC值中,Ⅰ型曲线中的平均值(1.35±0.228)×10~(-3)mm~2/s,Ⅱ型曲线中的平均值(0.973±0.391)×10~(-3)mm~2/s,Ⅲ型曲线中的平均值(0.825±0.337)×10~(-3)mm~2/s。结论3.0T磁共振Vibrant序列联合高b值DWI可以提高老年患者微小乳腺癌的诊断准确率,具有较高的临床应用价值。
中介效应研究的新趋势--研究设计和数据统计方法

越来越多的心理学研究涉及中介效应的分析,中介效应检验是探索变量间关系机制的重要统计方法。《心理学研究中的中介效应分析意义及方法评述》一文,给读者介绍了常用的中介效应分析方法,并分析其原理及优劣。更难能可贵的是,此文推荐了区间估计法中的非参数百分位Bootstrap方法,称之为"最为优秀的统计方法"。中介效应分析的应用背景,统计原理和经典方法在这篇文章中有详细准确的论述,此处就不赘述。本文针对心理研究中中介效应的研究设计和统计方法的新发展和常见的问题,作一简短补充。
我国脐带血造血干细胞库监管现状及对策

目的分析我国脐带血造血干细胞库(以下称“脐带血库”)监管现状,并针对问题提出改进建议。方法通过文献检索、问卷调查、现场调研、专家访谈等方法,了解我国脐带血库运营及监管现状,着重分析存在的主要问题及其原因,提出相关政策建议。结果我国脐带血库经过10余年的发展,取得了一定的成绩,但在脐带血库运营管理中还存在一些问题,包括基础条件参差不齐,公共库发展滞后,脐带血质量管理存在缺陷,脐带血采集不规范,脐带血宣传不客观,脐带血应用欠规范等问题。分析其主要原因为目前关于脐带血库管理的法律规定严重不足,监管缺乏有力依据。因此,建议加强脐带血库监管,修订完善《血站管理办法》等相关法规,制定鼓励公共库发展的政策,并合理规划,加强各环节的质量控制和监督检查,建立数据查询与科学宣传平台。结论我国脐带血库运营中存在一些问题,亟需完善相关法规、加强质量控制和监督管理。
Hydrogen Sulfide Detection Using a Gold Nanoparticle/Metalloprotein Based Probe

We present a simple method for direct detection of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in an aqueous solution. This method represents a novel biosensor based on metalloprotein cytochrome c (cyt c) with the localized surface plasmon resonance of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). For this purpose, we develop a new approach based on attaching chemically-modified cyt c onto AuNPs. Here, by reacting H_2S with protein heme center, its conformation changes in the locality of the heme moiety. The conformational changes occurring in the protein alter the spectral characteristics by changing the dielectric properties of AuNPs. The conformational changes of cyt c induced by the H_2S interaction are characterized by the UV-visible absorption spectroscopy and the circular dichroism technique. The limit of the detection and sensitivity of the AuNPs/cyt c biosensor are evaluated by using UVvisible spectroscopy. According to the experiments, it is revealed that H_2S can be detected at a concentration of 4.0 μM (1.3 ppb) by the fabricated AuNPs/cyt c biosensor. In addition, the sensor retains activity and gives reproducible results after storage in 4°C for 60 d. This simple and cost-effective sensing platform provides a rapid and convenient detection for Hμ2S at concentrations far below the hazardous limit.
A Module Test of CCDA: an Array to Select the Centrality of Collisions in Heavy Ion Collisions

A test result of a module for the collision centrality detector array (CCDA), a simple detector array for the event classification of the centrality, is presented. The CsI(Tl) module has PMTs on both ends to read out signals. The beam test results indicate that it provides a good light charged particles (LCP) identification and a reasonable energy resolution. The energy spectra of LCPs are compared with the GEANT simulation.
Time-Delay Enhanced Coherence Resonance in a Discrete Neuron with Noises

Coherence resonance in a discrete excitable neuronal model with noises and time delays is investigated. The effects of the time delays on coherence resonance are revealed in two cases: Gaussian white and Gaussian color noises, respectively. The coefficient of variation of interspike intervals is calculated by numerical simulation. The results show that the coherence resonance is enhanced with the time delay increasing in the weak noises intensity cases, while there is no effect in the large noise intensity. Moreover, the coherence resonance can be held back by the self-correlation time, when the system is driven by a color noise.
糖尿病足感染的诊断与治疗

糖尿病足病是我们这个时代的主要健康问题之一。国外研究指出:糖尿病足的年发病率为2%~3%,糖尿病足患者中约15%~20%可能出现足溃疡,其中溃疡合并感染的约有40%~80%。糖尿病足感染(Diabetic foot infection,DFI)可导致糖尿病足不断恶化,DFI也是糖尿病足患者截肢的常见原因之一,糖尿病足感染患者截肢危险是未感染者的154.5倍。
地球系统模式中的碳循环及其检验

世界气候研究计划(WCRP)提供的耦合模式对比计划第五阶段(CMIP5)的地球系统模式(ESM)较之以前增加了较为复杂的碳循环,即在原有的全球大气耦合海洋环流模式(AOGCMs)中,把大气与陆地和海洋碳循环过程加入,这样较真实地再现碳循环和物理气候系统之间的相互作用。为了表征它们之间的相互作用以及考虑碳循环响应于未来的气候变化和CO_2的变化,经常考虑碳一浓度参数化和碳一气候反馈参数化,这是两个强的和相反的反馈。碳一浓度参数化是度量陆地和海洋碳库对大气中CO_2浓度变化的响应程度,从大气的观点是负反馈。碳一气候反馈参数化是度量温度和其他气候变量变化的响应,从大气的观点一般是正反馈。碳一浓度响应决定由于CO_2增加碳库的变化;碳一气候响应决定由气候变化造成碳库的变化。
肠和煎液对大鼠放射性肠炎小肠组织的抗氧化损伤作用

目的探讨肠和煎液对大鼠急性放射性肠炎小肠组织的抗氧化损伤作用。方法随机将46只SD大鼠分为肠和煎液组[给予肠和煎生药量19.81 g/(kg·d)]、谷参肠安组[给予复方谷参肠安胶囊0.19 g/(kg?d)]、模型对照组(给予生理盐水)、正常对照组(给予生理盐水)。采用6 MV医用X射线建立急性放射性肠炎大鼠模型,连续灌胃给药7 d,每天观察大鼠一般状况和排便情况,光镜下观察小肠黏膜形态情况并测定小肠组织匀浆超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)含量。结果肠和煎液组及谷参肠安组小肠组织匀浆SOD活性、GSH - Px含量显著高于模型对照组(P<0.05);两个给药组比较,肠和煎液组SOD活性、GSH - Px含量高于谷参肠安组,但差异无统计学意义(P >0.05)。结论肠和煎液确能减轻大鼠急性放射性肠炎症状及黏膜损伤,其机制可能与提高小肠组织SOD活性及GSH-Px含量,减轻组织过氧化损伤有关。
HBsAg水平对慢性乙型病毒性肝炎肝纤维化病变的诊断价值

目的探讨慢性乙型病毒性肝炎(以下简称慢乙肝)患者血清HBsAg定量水平与肝纤维化病变程度之间的关系,分析HBsAg定量对肝纤维化病变的诊断价值。方法选择经肝病理活检确诊的198例慢乙肝患者,据其肝纤维化病变程度分为S_0~S_4共5期,从3个角度分组研究HBsAg水平的意义:(1)按纤维化病变程度分组,分为无明显纤维化组(S_0~S_1期)、明显纤维化组(S_2~S_3期)、早期肝硬化组(S4期);(2)按有无发生纤维化病变分组,分为无纤维化组(S_0~S_1期)和有纤维化组(S_2~S_4期);(3)按有无发生早期肝硬化分组,分为无肝硬化组(S_0~S_3期)和有早期肝硬化组(S4期)。分析各角度分组间HBsAg定量水平的差异。对有意义的分组进行二元loigstic回归分析HBsAg水平与纤维化病变的相关性,应用ROC曲线分析HBsAg水平对肝纤维化和(或)早期肝硬化的诊断价值。结果纤维化病变程度各组间HBsAg水平总体差异有统计学意义(χ~2=7.890,P<0.05),无明显纤维化组与明显纤维化组、早期肝硬化组间的差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.237,χ~2=3.195,P>0.05)。无纤维化组与有纤维化组间HBsAg水平差异无统计学意义(Z=-0.609,P>0.05)。无肝硬化组与有肝硬化组间HBsAg水平差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.757,P<0.01)。经二元logistic回归分析,HBsAg水平与肝硬化的发生相关(χ~2=8.589,P<0.01);经ROC曲线分析,HBsAg诊断早期肝硬化的曲线下面积为0.620,95% CI 0.540~0.700;最大Youden指数为21.8%,对应的诊断阈值为3.53,此时的灵敏度83.6%、特异度38.2%、漏诊率16.4%、误诊率61.8%。结论HBsAg的水平并不随肝纤维化程度的加重而变化,对是否发生肝纤维化无诊断价值;其定量水平筛查早期肝硬化有一定的诊断价值。
经导管主动脉瓣置换术:循证医学证据和争议

经导管主动脉瓣置换术(TAVR)是心脏介入领域中的一项革命性技术。数个大型、多中心、前瞻性、随机对照研究已经证实,对于外科手术禁忌或者高危的主动脉瓣狭窄患者,使用Edwards Sapien及CoreValve瓣膜行TAVR具有很好的安全性及有效性。2012年欧洲心脏病学会瓣膜管理指南及2014美国心脏病学会瓣膜管理指南对也将外科手术禁忌或者高危的主动脉瓣狭窄患者列为TAVR适应证。然而,对于哪种瓣膜更优、哪些人群适合TAVR仍存争议。