mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Thermal modeling and the optimized design of metal plate cooling systems for single concentrator solar cells

A metal plate cooling model for 400× single concentrator solar cells was established.The effects of the thickness and the radius of the metal plate,and the air environment on the temperature of the solar cells were analyzed in detail.It is shown that the temperature of the solar cells decreased sharply at the beginning,with the increase in the thickness of the metal plate,and then changed more smoothly.When the radius of the metal plate was 4 cm and the thickness increased to 2 mm or thicker,the temperature of the solar cell basically stabilized at about 53 C.Increasing the radius of the metal plate and the convective transfer coefficient made the temperature of the solar cell decrease remarkably.The effects of Al and Cu as the metal plate material on cooling were analyzed contrastively,and demonstrated the superiority of Al material for the cooling system.Furthermore,considering cost reduction,space holding and the stress of the system,we optimized the structural design of the metal plate.The simulated results can be referred to the design of the structure for the metal plate.Finally,a method to devise the structure of the metal plate for single concentrator solar cells was given.
First-principles study of the local structure and crystal field of Yb~(2+) in sodium and potassium halides

The local coordination structures around the doping Yb 2+ ions in sodium and potassium halides were calculated by using the first-principles supercell model.Both the cases with and without the charge compensation vacancy in the local environment of the doping Yb 2+ were calculated to study the effect of the doping on the local coordination structures of Yb 2+.Using the calculated local structures,we obtained the crystal-field parameters for the Yb 2+ ions doped in sodium and potassium halides by a method based on the combination of the quantum-chemical calculations and the effective Hamiltonian method.The calculated crystal-field parameters were analyzed and compared with the fitted results.
First-principles calculation of structural and electronic properties of pyrochlore Lu_2Sn_2O_7

A Density functional theory method within generalized gradient approximation has been performed to obtain the static lattice parameters,oxygen positional parameter,bond length and bond angle and electronic properties of ideal Lu_2Sn_2O_7 pyrochlore.The results are in excellent agreement with available experimental measurements.Density of states （DOS） of this compound was presented and analysed.We also notice the presence of the hybridization between oxygen and Lu metal.The band structure calculations show that the compound has direct band gap of 2.67 eV at the Γ point in the Brillouin zone and this indicates that the material has a semi-conducting feature.
Novel stability and stabilization criteria for Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy time-delay systems

We study the problems of stability and stabilization for Takagi-Sugeno(T-S) fuzzy time-delay systems.First,by constructing a less-redundant Lyapunov-Krasovskii function and introducing a useful inequality,an innovative stability criterion is obtained,which gives a significant improvement on the performance.Compared with the exiting references,our result can use fewer unknown variables and get better results.Furthermore,based on the derived stability criteria,a new stabilization condition is developed,in which the controller gain and the maximum allowable delay bound can be obtained simultaneously.The conditions are all derived in the form of linear matrix inequality,which are easy to verify.Finally,numerical examples are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Molecular dynamics simulations of point defects in plutonium grain boundaries

A modified analytic embedded atom method (MAEAM) potential is constructed for fcc δ-Pu.Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with the potential are performed to investigate the interactions between two symmetrical tilt grain boundaries (GBs) and point defects such as He atom,vacancy and self-interstitial atom (SIA) in Pu.The calculated results show that point defect formation energies are on average lower than those in the lattice but variations from site to site along the GBs are very remarkable.Both substitutional and interstitial He atoms are trapped at GBs.Interstitial He atom is more strongly bound at the GB core than the substitutional He atom.The binding energy of SIA at GB core is higher than those of He atom and vacancy.GB core can bind many He atoms and SIAs due mainly to the fact that it contains many vacancies.Compared with He atom and SIA,the vacancy far from GB core is difficult to diffuse into the core.The GBs can act as sinks and sources of He atoms and SIAs,which may be a reason for the swelling of Pu after a period of self-irradiation because of the higher concentration of vacancy in the bulk.
Spinel lithium titanate (Li_4Ti_5O_(12)) as novel anode material for room-temperature sodium-ion battery

This is the first time that a novel anode material,spinel (Li_4Ti_5O_(12)) which is well known as a "zero-strain" anode material for lithium storage,has been introduced for sodium-ion battery.The (Li_4Ti_5O_(12)) shows an average Na storage voltage of about 1.0 V and a reversible capacity of about 145 mAh/g,thereby making it a promising anode for sodiumion battery.Ex-situ X-ray diffraction （XRD） is used to investigate the structure change in the Na insertion/deinsertion process.Based on this,a possible Na storage mechanism is proposed.
The thermal effect in diode-end-pumped continuous-wave 914-nm Nd:YVO_4 laser

The thermal effect and the heat generation in diode-end-pumped continuous-wave 914-nm Nd:YVO_4 lasers are investigated in detail.A theoretical model of a diode end-pumped solid-state laser is constructed to analyse the influence of fractional thermal loading on the thermal effect in the Nd:YVO_4 laser based on finite element analysis.The thermal focal lengths and the end-surface deformations of laser rods in Nd:YVO_4 quasi-three-level and four-level lasers are measured and compared with the results obtained by ordinary interferometry for the demonstration of higher thermal loading in 914-nm laser.Finally the fractional thermal loading in the Nd:YVO_4 quasi-three-level laser is calculated by matching the experimental and the simulated end deformations.
The luminescence enhancement of Eu~(3+) ion and SnO_2 nanocrystal co-doped sol gel SiO_2 films

SnO_2 nanocrystal and rare-earth Eu~(3+） ion co-doped SiO2 thin films are prepared by sol-gel and spin coating methods.The formation of tetragonal rutile structure SnO_2 nanocrystals with a uniform distribution is confirmed by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy is used to investigate the densities of the hydroxyl groups,and it is found that the emission intensity from the ~5D_0-~7F_2 transitions of the Eu~(3+） ions is enhanced by two orders of magnitude due to energy transfer from the oxygen-vacancy-related defects of the SnO_2 nanocrystals to nearby Eu~(3+） ions.The influences of the amounts of Sn and the post-annealing temperatures are systematically evaluated to further understand the mechanism of energy transfer.The luminescence intensity ratio of Eu~(3+） ions from electric dipole transition and magnetic dipole transition indicate the different probable locations of Eu~(3+） ions in the sol-gel thin film,which are further discussed based on temperature-dependent photoluminescence measurements.
New 4H silicon carbide metal semiconductor field-effect transistor with a buffer layer between the gate and the channel layer

A new 4H silicon carbide metal semiconductor field-effect transistor (4H-SiC MESFET) structure with a buffer layer between the gate and the channel layer is proposed in this paper for high power microwave applications.The physics-based analytical models for calculating the performance of the proposed device are obtained by solving one-and two-dimensional Poisson’s equations.In the models,we take into account not only two regions under the gate but also a third high field region between the gate and the drain which is usually omitted.The direct-current and the alternatingcurrent performances for the proposed 4H-SiC MESFET with a buffer layer of 0.2 μm are calculated.The calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental data.The current is larger than that of the conventional structure.The cutoff frequency (f_T) and the maximum oscillation frequency (f_(max)) are 20.4 GHz and 101.6 GHz,respectively,which are higher than 7.8 GHz and 45.3 GHz of the conventional structure.Therefore,the proposed 4H-SiC MESFET structure has better power and microwave performances than the conventional structure.
First-principles study of structural stability and elastic property of pre-perovskite PbTiO_3

The structural stability and the elastic properties of a novel structure of lead titanate,which is named preperovskite PbTiO_3 （PP-PTO） and is constructed with TiO_6 octahedral columns arranged in a one-dimensional manner,are investigated by using first-principles calculations.PP-PTO is energetically unstable compared with conventional perovskite phases,however it is mechanically stable.The equilibrium transition pressures for changing from preperovskite to cubic and tetragonal phases are 0.5 GPa and 1.4 GPa,respectively,with first-order characteristics.Further,the differences in elastic properties between pre-perovskite and conventional perovskite phases are discussed for the covalent bonding network,which shows a highly anisotropic character in PP-PTO.This study provides a crucial insight into the structural stabilities of PP-PTO and conventional perovskite.
Asymptotic solving method for a sea air oscillator model of atmospheric physics

In this paper, a class of coupled system for the El Nin o/La Ninna southern oscillation (ENSO) atmospheric physics oscillation model is considered. We propose an ENSO atmospheric physics model using a method from the asymptotic theory. It is indicated from the results that the asymptotic method can be used for analyzing the sea surface temperature anomaly and the thermocline depth anomaly of the atmosphere-ocean oscillation for the ENSO model in the equatorial Pacific.
Complete Genome Sequence Analysis of Duck Circovirus Strains from Cherry Valley Duck

To investigate molecular epidemiology of DuCV in Cherry Valley ducks in China, the complete genomes of six DuCV strains, which were detected from Cherry Valley ducks in China between 2007 and 2008, were sequenced. Sequence and phylogenetic analysis were carried out to compare these six strains with another 27 DuCV strains from Mulard duck, Muscovy duck, Pekin ducks and Mule duck. The analysis showed that the six DuCV strains exhibited typical genetic features of the family of DuCV, such as a stem-loop structure, three major open reading frames (Rep, Cap and ORF3), four intergenic repeats and the conserved motifs for rolling circle replication and for the dNTP binding domain located in the Rep protein. Phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequences of the complete genome and Cap gene of these strains together with those that have been previously published demonstrated two distinct DuCV genotypes. The DuCV strains with complete genomes containing 1988 and 1989 nucleotides clustered in genotype A, whereas the strains with complete genomes containing 1991, 1992, 1995 and 1996 nucleotides lay in genotype B. The six DuCV strains from Cherry Valley ducks were divided into the two groups. The results of the study provides some insight into the variation of DuCVs in Cherry Valley ducks.
Light Subgraphs in the Family of 1-Planar Graphs with High Minimum Degree

A graph is 1-planar if it can be drawn in the plane so that each edge is crossed by at most one other edge. In this paper, it is shown that each 1-planar graph with minimum degree 7 contains a copy of K_2∨(K_1∪K_2) with all vertices of degree at most 12. In addition, we also prove the existence of a graph K_1 ∨ (K_1 ∪K_2) with relatively small degree vertices in 1-planar graphs with minimum degree at least 6.
Knockout Reaction Mechanism for 6He+

A knockout reaction experiment was carried out by using the 6He beam at 82.5 MeV/nucleon impinging on CH2 and C targets. The α core fragments at forward angles were detected in coincidence with the recoiled protons at larger angles. From this exclusive measurement the valence nucleon knockout mechanism and the core knockout mechanism are separated. This study provides a basis for the exclusive spectroscopic investigation of the exotic nuclei.
Phosphatase and tensin homolog expression related to cetuximab effects in colorectal cancer patients: A meta-analysis

AIM: To investigate the correlation between expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and cetuximab effects in colorectal cancer. METHODS: We searched PubMed, EMBASE and ASCO to identify eligible studies. Finally, 8 randomized control studies were included in the meta-analysis. STATA 10.0 Software was used to investigate heterogeneity among individual studies and to summarize all the studies. Risk ratios (RRs) and hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of the association. RESULTS: Compared with 20 of 266 patients with loss of PTEN, 206 of 496 patients with intact PTEN protein expression had a better objective response rate to cetuximab-based therapy (RR, 4.75; 95% CI, 2.59-8.72; P < 0.001). PTEN positivity was associated with better progression-free survival (PFS) (HR, 0.675; 95% CI, 0.473-0.964; P = 0.031) but not with better overall survival (OS) (HR, 0.608; 95% CI, 0.411-0.899; P = 0.013). In patients with KRAS wild-type status, PTEN positivity did not predict a longer PFS or OS (PFS: HR, 0.707; 95% CI, 0.440-1.138; P = 0.154; OS: HR, 0.943; 95% CI, 0.646-1.377; P = 0.761). CONCLUSION: Expression of PTEN is related to the effect of cetuximab in colorectal cancer patients and should be considered in treatment with cetuximab.
肌肽对过氧化氢诱导PC12细胞损伤后NF-κB P65表达的影响

目的探讨L-肌肽对H_2O_2诱导PC12细胞(大鼠肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤细胞)凋亡的保护机制。方法在H_2O_2诱导PC12细胞凋亡模型的基础上,加入肌肽作用于细胞,采用MTT比色法检测肌肽对PC12细胞的增殖抑制作用;RT-PCR法检测凋亡相关基因NF-κB P65 mRNA的表达变化;免疫组化SABC法检测凋亡相关蛋白Caspase-3和NF-κB P65的表达,流式细胞仪(FCM)检测细胞凋亡。结果不同浓度的肌肽对H_2O_2损伤的PC12细胞的存活率有显著的提高作用,20 mmol/L浓度时达最大值(P<0.05)。20 mmol/L的肌肽作用于PC12细胞可降低NF-κB P65的mR-NA表达,降低NF-κB P65蛋白的表达,流式细胞仪检测显示肌肽可抑制细胞的早期和晚期凋亡率。结论肌肽对H_2O_2损伤的PC12细胞有保护作用,机制可能是通过抑制NF-κB P65的表达来抑制PC12细胞的凋亡而实现的。
年龄与老年重症肺炎患者短期和长期死亡率的相关性

目的确定年龄和重症肺炎患者死亡率之间的相互关系。方法通过前瞻性队列(队列根据年龄段选定)研究,使用Cox相对危险回归法,并针对肺炎严重度、机械换气、性别、功能状态、居住情况和生存愿望等因素进行调整,考察年龄和30 d(短期)和1年(长期)死亡率间的相关性。研究对象包含351名重症护理病房(ICU)患者,平均61岁,60岁以下151名、60~69岁64名、70~79岁82名、大于80岁54名。其中59%为男性,16%来自疗养院。患者平均肺炎严重程度指数(PSI)为115(PSI/PORT评分:成人社区获得性PSI,73%的患者肺炎严重分级为4或5级),平均急性生理和慢性健康估测评分(APACHE)为17,83%的患者接受了有创机械换气治疗。结果30 d内,351名患者中58人(17%)死亡;在1年内,351名患者中112人(32%)死亡。死亡率随增龄而增高,小于60岁患者28人(19%)死亡,60~69岁14人(22%)死亡,70~79岁39人(48%)死亡,大于80岁31人(57%)死亡。独立于肺炎严重度和其他因素,年龄(每个年龄段以10年递增)与30 d死亡率相关联(调整后危害比为1.24,95%置信区间1.03~1.49,P=0.026),并与1年死亡率相关联(调整后危害比为1.39,95%置信区间1.21~1.60,P<0.001)。结论增龄与重症肺炎患者短期和长期死亡率独立相关。该结果有助于医生对患者治疗做出合理选择。
国产拉西地平治疗原发性轻中度高血压的Meta分析

目的利用Meta分析探讨国产拉西地平治疗原发性高血压的有效性及安全性。方法计算机检索Cochrane图书馆临床对照试验资料库(2011年第2期)、Ovid-medline全文数据库(1966~2011.06)、PubMed数据库(1948~2011.06)、EMBASE数据库(1966~2011.06)、中国学术文献总库(CNKI)(1993.10~2011.06)、万方数字化期刊库(1998.01~2011.06)及维普数据库(1989~2011.06),手工检索相关文献,按纳入与排除标准选择试验、评价质量,提取资料,并用RevMan4.2软件对数据进行Meta分析。结果共初检出114篇文献,经筛选最终纳入12篇13项关于拉西地平与其他抗高血压药物治疗原发性高血压的文献。同质性检验,有效性:χ2=12.72,df=12,P=0.39,合并OR=1.92,95%CI(1.39,2.66),Z=3.95,P<0.000 1;安全性:χ2=15.55,df=12,P=0.21,合并OR=0.52,95%CI(0.37,0.73),Z=3.75,P=0.000 2。Meta分析结果显示拉西地平与其他抗高血压药物总有效率和不良反应发生率的差异有统计学意义。结论国产拉西地平治疗原发性高血压具有较好的有效性及安全性。
The IUGS/IAGC Task Group on Global Geochemical Baselines

The Task Group on Global Geochemical Baselines,operating under the auspices of both the International Union of Geological Sciences(IUGS) and the International Association of Geochemistry(IAGC),has the long-term goal of establishing a global geochemical database to document the concentration and distribution of chemical elements in the Earth’s surface or near-surface environment.The database and accompanying element distribution maps represent a geochemical baseline against which future human-induced or natural changes to the chemistry of the land surface may be recognized and quantified.In order to accomplish this long-term goal,the activities of the Task Group include:(1) developing partnerships with countries conducting broad-scale geochemical mapping studies;(2) providing consultation and training in the form of workshops and short courses;(3) organizing periodic international symposia to foster communication among the geochemical mapping community;(4) developing criteria for certifying those projects whose data are acceptable in a global geochemical database;(5) acting as a repository for data collected by those projects meeting the criteria for standardization;(6) preparing complete metadata for the certified projects;and(7) preparing,ultimately,a global geochemical database.This paper summarizes the history and accomplishments of the Task Group since its first predecessor project was established in 1988.
MayoⅡB型尺骨鹰嘴骨折的关节面重建

目的总结MayoⅡB型尺骨鹰嘴骨折术中重建滑车切迹关节面的方法及疗效。方法2009年1月-2010年12月,收治10例直接暴力所致MayoⅡB型尺骨鹰嘴骨折患者。男6例,女4例;年龄21~65岁,平均31.5岁。受伤至手术时间为2~11 d,平均5 d。术中根据滑车切迹关节面骨缺损程度,采用直接复位、截骨短缩复位或植骨重建关节面。结果术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合。患者均获随访,随访时间8~13个月,平均10个月。X线片示骨折愈合时间为6~8周,平均6.5周;无关节面塌陷等并发症发生。术后8个月根据Mayo关节功能评分标准评定疗效,获优6例,良3例,可1例,优良率为90%。结论对于MayoⅡB型尺骨鹰嘴骨折,术中重建滑车切迹关节面是恢复肘关节良好功能的基础。
基于遂宁土地利用类型的人为灾害安全格局

城市灾害分为自然灾害和人为灾害。近年来,我国城市建设的高速发展,忽略了城市化直接或间接引起的人为灾害问题。基于四川遂宁主城区现有土地利用类型,通过模拟人为灾害在城市中的扩散过程,划分城市空间在人为灾害威胁下的安全等级;探讨现状城市建设存在的不安全区域及其原因,确定面临潜在危险的城市区域及现状安全性,为下一步规划和调整提供依据。并试图从各分项灾害的分析结果中讨论综合防灾系统的叠加方法,以期为城市综合防灾规划另辟蹊径。
江苏典型丘陵地区耕地地力评价与改良对策——以南京市六合区为例

以江苏典型丘陵地区——南京市六合区为研究区域,通过样品采集和分析的方法,得出2009年六合区土壤大量元素和微量元素的含量状况,并与第二次土壤普查的数据进行比较,在此基础上结合资料收集、野外调查,利用地理信息系统及耕地地力评价指标体系等技术对六合区的耕地进行分等定级,并对全区耕地进行综合评价,提出六合区的耕地质量改良利用意见,为后续耕地地力提升奠定理论基础。
未来气候情景下苏北地区降水可能变化趋势

利用"WCRP"的耦合模式比较计划-阶段3多模式数据,对比1961—2008年实际观测资料,分析未来3种不同排放情景下苏北地区年、四季降水变化趋势。未来50年苏北地区年降水量在中、低排放情景下持续增加,在高排放情景下先减少后增加;四季中,冬季降水增加最显著,高排放情景下各年代增幅为8.8%~15.1%;秋季降水以减少为主,高排放情景下,2010—2030年降幅5.5%~14.6%;春季降水量先减后增;夏季降水在中排放情景下持续增加,在高、低排放情景下先增加后减少再增加。未来年、四季极端强降水阈值均减少,且以春季和冬季最为明显。预计未来50年冬季降水将平稳增多,冬季供水状况将有所改善;未来20年内苏北北部地区春季干旱仍有可能持续并发展。
张家港市土壤-水稻生态系统重金属分配状况

为了解张家港市土壤-水稻生态系统的重金属积累与转化情况,于2010年12月在张家港市城区以外20处农田进行定点采样,分析了农田表层土壤以及土壤残留水稻根中的Hg、As、Se、Pb和Cu含量,并结合相关国家标准对样品的污染程度以及粮食安全进行了风险评价。结果表明,张家港市土壤中5种被检测的重金属的综合污染指数值均在国家二级标准规定的范围内,水稻残根中重金属含量也表明土壤重金属污染轻微,并未对粮食质量安全造成明显影响。在周围有较多污染企业散布的常北社区及常东社区的Hg元素含量显著高于其他地区,存在潜在的安全风险。比较水稻残根与土壤中的重金属含量发现,Cu在水稻残根中的残留显著高于其他元素,间接证实了水稻根部对Cu元素的吸收能力较强,因此需加强控制Cu元素流入农田。
秸秆还田土壤中高效纤维素分解菌的筛选及其特性

采用纤维素-刚果红染色法,从河北省山前平原秸秆还田土壤中分离筛选出3株高效纤维素菌(B1、B2、B3),并进一步研究了其显微特性和酶活性。结果表明,B1、B2为芽孢杆菌,B3为无芽孢杆菌。培养12 h时B1和B3菌株的CMC酶活力接近峰值,分别为31.2、24.4 U;培养18 h时B2菌株的CMC酶活力最高,为36.3 U。培养12 h时B1菌株的FPA酶活力达高峰,为34.1 U;培养8 h时B2、B3菌株的FPA酶活力最大,分别为39.2、163.6 U。
微囊藻毒素对水稻、高粱和玉米毒性的研究

以水稻、高粱和玉米为研究对象,考察了微囊藻毒素对受试作物的毒性差异,研究了不同浓度MC对萌发及萌发初期生长发育的影响,不同灌溉时期对受试作物生长发育的影响,检测指标包括发芽率、株高、鲜重、叶绿素、根系活力等。结果表明,受试作物对微囊藻毒素毒性并不一致,水稻发芽率受到明显抑制,高粱发芽率基本不受影响,玉米出现了低浓度促进、高浓度抑制的现象;MC对水滔、高粱和玉米的光合作用、株高和鲜重没有抑制作用,反而有一定的促进效果;不同灌溉时间条件下的研究结果表明,萌发前对高粱和玉米染毒会明显抑制植株根系活力,萌发结束后在染毒则对植株根系活力有明显的促进作用。
牛单剂量肌注硫酸头孢喹肟的药代动力学研究

为了解硫酸头孢喹肟在牛体内的动力学特征,对4头健康牛进行单剂量肌注硫酸头孢喹肟(1.0 mg/kg),血浆样品经乙腈沉淀血浆蛋白。用反相高效液相色谱法测定牛血浆中硫酸头孢喹肟的浓度,3P97药动学计算软件处理血浆药物浓度-时间数据。结果表明,健康牛肌注硫酸头孢喹肟的血药浓度-时间数据符合一级吸收二室开放模型,主要动力学参数T_(1/2α)=(0.52±0.03)h,T_(1/2β)=(6.98±0.80)h,V/F=(3.30±0.023)L/kg,t_(1/2Ka)=(0.37±0.01)h,AUC=(17.57±1.35)μg/(h.mL),CL(s)=(1.35±0.40)L/h,T_(peak)=(0.74±0.02)h,C_(max)=(3.00±0.11)μg/mL。说明硫酸头孢喹肟在牛体内分布广,吸收迅速,达峰时间短,半衰期较长。
金叶大叶黄杨种子发芽试验

金叶大叶黄杨种子具有明显的休眠现象,为打破其种子休眠、提高发芽率,采用赤霉素溶液浸种与低温层积相结合的方法对金叶大叶黄杨种子进行催芽试验。结果表明:用500 mg/L赤霉素溶液浸泡金叶大叶黄杨种子4 d,后经低温层积30 d,对于打破其种子休眠的效果较好,其种子发芽率达71.33%。赤霉素和低温层积相结合对打破金叶大叶黄杨种子休眠有一定作用,能显著提高其种子萌发率。
移动式水培甘薯树综合培育技术

水培甘薯树综合培育技术是将旱作甘薯进行营养液栽培,通过对甘薯营养液浓度、成分、pH值、溶解氧、EC值等进行调节,将甘薯根系生理功能进行分工,即把吸收养分(细根)和贮存养分(块根)根系有效分离,提升2种功能效率,培育出多年生、植株体庞大、极具欣赏性的甘薯树。并根据不同水质配制出不同营养液配方,设计出可移动栽培装置,使甘薯树能适应不同展示环境。
高海拔山区油菜生育期对积温的响应及其在区划中的应用

河西走廊高海拔地区气候变化复杂,对该地区种植春油菜进行区划有利于春油菜的高产和稳产,细化积温指标有利提高农业种植区划的科学性,对河西走廊东部祁连山区2009—2010年不同播种期种植的油菜生育期与积温关系进行了相关性分析。结果表明,稳定通过0℃和5℃的积温与出苗期的相关系数达到0.900以上,抽薹期与稳定通过5℃积温的相关系数为0.994,开花期与稳定通过7℃积温的相关系也在0.900以上,均呈显著相关,成熟期与稳定通过5、7、10℃积温的相关系数分别为0.868、-0.783和-0.783。气温稳定通过0℃和5℃,5℃,7℃,5℃和7℃的积温可分别作为油菜出苗期、抽薹期、开花期、成熟期的热量指标。利用稳定通过0、5、7、10℃的积温在不同海拔高度的变化分布,对河西走廊东部祁连山区油菜种植区进行了区划。
石榴种质资源RAPD反应体系的引物筛选

以产自山东省枣庄市的18个石榴品种叶片为材料,采用CTAB法提取各石榴品种基因组DNA,对所提取的DNA采用紫外分光光度计测定D_(260 nm)和D_(280 nm),并计算D_(260 nm)/D_(280 nm),分析DNA的浓度和纯度。结果表明D_(260 nm)/D_(280 nm)均接近于1.8,纯度较高,能用于RAPD-PCR扩增的模板。以5种遗传背景差异大的石榴品种的DNA为模板,筛选用于石榴RAPD扩增的多态性引物,结果表明,通过分析多态性位点,筛选出重复性好、条带清晰的3条多态性引物S66、S1304、S1440,其多态性位点比例较高,分别为75.0%、60.9%、63.6%。
Rare earth metal oxides as BH_4~--tolerance cathode electrocatalysts for direct borohydride fuel cells

Rare earth metal oxides(REMO) as cathode electrocatalysts in direct borohydride fuel cell(DBFC) were investigated.The REMO electrocatalysts tested showed favorable activity to the oxygen electro-reduction reaction and strong tolerance to the attack of BH_4~-in alkaline electrolytes.The simple membraneless DBFCs using REMO as cathode electrocatalyst and using hydrogen storage alloy as anodic electrocatalyst exhibited an open circuit of about 1 V and peak power of above 60 mW/cm~2.The DBFC using Sm_2O_3 as cathode electrocatalyst showed a relatively better performance.The maximal power density of 76.2 mW/cm~2 was obtained at the cell voltage of 0.52 V.
胆囊巨大结石并十二指肠内瘘一例

胆囊十二指肠瘘并胆石性肠梗阻的诊断虽有一定的难度,但是结合临床病史、症状以及选择适当的检查方法多能确诊。消化道造影是必不可少的检查方法之一,可以了解胆囊十二指肠破口以及胆石梗阻的具体部位,对临床治疗有很大帮助。本例患者在消化道造影检查时,表现为巨大胆囊结石嵌顿在十二指肠降部,形成梗阻改变。在十二指肠降部(球部与降部交界)大弯侧见肠道外侧壁欠规则,并见一横行条状影,手术证实该处即为十二指肠破口处及残留窦道。如能再适当选择超声、CT、MR、内镜逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)等检查,对术前诊断有重要的指导意义。
开展中药临方炮制对发挥中医特色的意义

规范中药临方炮制的操作和管理,制定和完善相关法规,在制度上给予保障。通过加强和规范中药临方炮制,有利于保存药性,提高煎药质量,发挥药物疗效,对推动中医临床辩证论治的发挥和中药饮片质量标准的制定具有积极地现实意义。
小麦新品种西农558的选育与栽培研究

小麦新品种西农558是以小偃22为母本、v 9511为父本杂交选育而成,属半冬性、中熟品种,株高75~80 cm,千粒重42g,具有高产稳产、耐寒性好、综合抗病性突出等特点。两年参加陕西省高肥组区试平均产量6 742.8 kg/hm~2,比对小偃22增产3.0%。在陕西关中西农558的最高产播期为9月30日,施纯氮240 kg/hm~2,按底追比3∶2,密度为240万苗/hm~2左右,冬灌一水。西农558已成为陕西省大力示范推广品种之一。
不同贮藏条件对贵州小桐子花粉活力的影响

为了实现贵州小桐子花粉的长期贮藏,实现小桐子的高产、稳产,采用TTC法测定花粉活力、培养液培养测定花粉萌发率,研究了室温(20℃)、室温干燥(20℃)、低温(4℃)、低温冷冻(-20℃)及超低温真空冷冻(-80℃)5种贮藏条件对小桐子花粉活力及萌发率的影响。结果表明,20℃室温贮藏和20℃室温干燥贮藏条件下保存的花粉活力及花粉萌发率仅能维持20 d和30 d,4℃低温可以贮藏60 d,-20℃低温冷冻可以贮藏180 d,-80℃超低温真空冷冻条件下贮藏360 d后,花粉活力可以保持48.62%,花粉萌发率还可以保持45.33%,完全可用于花粉贮藏和种子小年时的人工辅助授粉。
灰毡毛忍冬扦插繁殖过程中内源激素含量变化

目的:分析灰毡毛忍冬扦插繁殖过程中内源激素含量的变化,探讨灰毡毛忍冬扦插繁殖生根机理。方法:采用高效液相色谱法测定吲哚乙酸(IAA)、脱落酸(ABA)、赤霉素(GA3)3种内源激素的含量。结果:插条叶片及基部皮层的IAA变化均是先下降后上升再下降最后趋缓的过程;插条叶片的ABA含量呈先上升后趋于平衡的趋势,基部皮层的ABA含量呈先上升后下降再上升最后下降趋缓的过程;插条叶片及基部皮层的IAA/ABA变化呈先下降后上升再下降最后趋缓的过程;插条叶片GA3含量在插后4 d有一定的下降,之后变化平缓,基部皮层含量波动比较大。结论:内源激素含量对灰毡毛忍冬扦插生根起着重要的调控作用。
无镝稀土粘结磁体:高稀土价格下永磁电机的选择

旨在研发新一代磁体的公司和设计者们必需要考虑的是,烧结钕铁硼磁体的价格增长将可能贯穿于整个产品的生命周期中。然而,粘结磁体将不会受原料的这种尖锐的供需矛盾的限制,而且由于并不使用镝元素,所以也不会导致价格升高,这将会使粘结磁体在许多应用领域成为理想的替代品。
科学基金资助工作精细化管理理论与实践的探索

1科学基金精细化管理的必要性国家自然科学基金(以下简称科学基金)自1986年建立以来,随着国家财政支持力度的增强,科学基金投入资金不断增加,涉及领域不断拓展。加强对科学基金的管理,积极探寻新的管理方法和管理模式已成为基金管理工作者的重要课题。
弘扬科学道德反对科研不端构建科学基金科研诚信建设长效机制

宜瑜主任在工作报告中提出今后工作要点和发展思路,让我们明确了目标,更加充满了信心。科研诚信是科学事业繁荣发展的前提,是建设创新型国家的基石。如何防范和遏制科研不端行为是科学基金监督工作面临的长期而又艰巨的历史任务。在新的一年,监督委员会将围绕科学基金中心任务,牢记使命,勇于担当,认真听取来自各方面的意见建议,不断努力构建科学基金科研诚信建设的长效机制,中国特色科学基金制又好又快发展努力工作,以优异成绩迎接党的十八大胜利召开。
面向可持续发展的全球环境研究任务———贝尔蒙特论坛白皮书

2009年,由世界上环境变化研究的主要资助机构组成了一个新的高层次组织,被称为贝尔蒙特论坛1)。其宗旨是为加快实施满足社会需求的、源自环境科学的解决方案,以适应全球环境变化所提出的挑战的规模,来动员和调动国际资源。本报告在此列出贝尔蒙特论坛的愿景,即有效解决全球环境变化所面临的挑战而需要的首要知识、能力、支撑性研究和组织机制等。该愿景为科研资助机构与来自科学共同体、运营服务商和用户等各利益相关者建立新型伙伴关系提供基础,以调动和聚集各方资源和科研优势,共同完成面向可持续发展的全球环境研究任务。