mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Applying Earth Observation Technologies to Economic Consequence Modeling: A Case Study of COVID-19 in Los Angeles County, California

Earth observation (EO) technologies, such as very high-resolution optical satellite data available from Maxar, can enhance economic consequence modeling of disasters by capturing the fine-grained and real-time behavioral responses of businesses and the public. We investigated this unique approach to economic consequence modeling to determine whether crowd-sourced interpretations of EO data can be used to illuminate key economic behavioral responses that could be used for computable general equilibrium modeling of supply chain repercussions and resilience effects. We applied our methodology to the COVID-19 pandemic experience in Los Angeles County, California as a case study. We also proposed a dynamic adjustment approach to account for the changing character of EO through longer-term disasters in the economic modeling context. We found that despite limitations, EO data can increase sectoral and temporal resolution, which leads to significant differences from other data sources in terms of direct and total impact results. The findings from this analytical approach have important implications for economic consequence modeling of disasters, as well as providing useful information to policymakers and emergency managers, whose goal is to reduce disaster costs and to improve economic resilience.
Preparation and immunoprotective effects of a virus-like particle candidate vaccine of the dominant epidemic D3 genotype coxsackievirus A6 in China

Coxsackievirus A6 of the D3a genotype (CVA6 D3a) is a primary pathogen causingmainland of China's hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). Viral-like particle (VLP) vaccines represent a potential candidate vaccine to prevent HFMD. This study collected Anti-CVA6 D3a VLPs serum from BALB/c female mice immunized using CVA6 D3a VLPs. The neutralizing antibody levels were compared against the representative 14-JX2018 (D3a) and N4-YN2015 (D3b) strains between the antisera of different immune pathways. The immunoprotective effect of anti-CVA6 D3a VLPs against these strains was monitored using pathological sections and immunohistochemical results of lung and skeletal muscle tissues in seven-day-old Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice. Immunological protection against different branches of viruses was evaluated in 7-day-old (serum passive immune protection) and 14-day-old (VLPs active immune protection) neonatal ICR mice models. Serum-neutralizing antibody levels were positively correlated with the number of immunizations and higher against 14-JX2018 than against N4-YN2015. Furthermore, these levels were significantly higher with abdominal injection than intramuscular injection. The immunized serum of 7-day-old ICR mice inoculated three times was 100 % protected against CVA6 D3a 14-JX2018 (lethal titer: 10~(6.25) TCID_(50)) and CVA6 D3b N4-YN2015 (lethal titer: 10~(5.25)TCID_(50)) fatal attacks, respectively. For ICR mice that have completed two active immunizations for 14 days, both CVA6 D3a 14-JX2015 (challenge titer: 10~(8.25) TCID_(50)) and CVA6 D3b N4-YN2015 (challenge titer: 10~(7.25) TCID_(50)) were used for the challenge, and the mice were able to survive. Overall, the CVA6 D3a VLPs prepared in this study are a potential vaccine candidate for CVA6, as it has the optimal protective effect against both CVA6 D3a and D3b evolutionary branches viruses.
2018年陕西省成人中心性肥胖流行状况及相关因素分析

目的了解2018年陕西省成人中心性肥胖流行状况及相关因素,为陕西省中心性肥胖的综合防控提供依据。方法该研究数据来源于2018年陕西省成人慢性病及危险因素监测,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,抽取陕西省18岁及以上常住居民6 202人为研究对象,开展问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测。采用SPSS 25.0软件进行Rao- Scott χ~2检验与多因素logistic回归分析。结果该研究纳入最终分析的有效样本为6 101人,加权后中心性肥胖率为34.96%,男性(38.06%)高于女性(31.73%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,女性(OR= 1.489,95%CI:1.252~1.772)、超重与肥胖(OR=10.938,95%CI:9.496~12.597)、高血压(OR=1.716,95%CI:1.499~1.965)、糖尿病(OR=1.599,95%CI:1.308~1.955)和血脂异常(OR=1.769,95%CI:1.546~2.024)与中心性肥胖高风险相关(P<0.01);低体重(OR=0.174,95%CI:0.055~0.550)与中心性肥胖低风险相关,均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论陕西省成人中心性肥胖率较高,女性、超重与肥胖人群、高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常等慢性病人群是预防中心性肥胖的重点人群,应加强综合干预,避免中心性肥胖的发生。
Wheat silage partially replacing oaten hay exhibited greater feed efficiency and fibre digestion despite low feed intake by feedlot lambs

This study aimed to investigate the feeding effect of wheat silage on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation, and microbiota composition in feedlot lambs. Sixty-four male crossbred Chinese Han lambs (BW= 27.8 ± 0.67 kg, 3 months of age) were randomly assigned to four ration groups with wheat silage replacing 0% (WS0), 36% (WS36), 64% (WS64), and 100% (WS100) of oaten hay on forage dry matter basis. The concentrate-to-forage ratio was 80:20 and the feeding trial lasted 52 d. Increasing wheat silage inclusion linearly decreased dry matter intake by 4% to 27% (P < 0.01). However, increasing the wheat silage replacement of oaten hay by no more than 64% improved the feed efficiency by 14% as noted by the feed-to-gain ratio (P = 0.04). Apparent digestibility of organic matter (P < 0.01), neutral detergent fibre (P = 0.04) and acid detergent fibre (P < 0.01) quadratically increased. Ammonia nitrogen (P = 0.01) decreased while microbial protein production (P < 0.01) increased with the increase of wheat silage inclusion. Total volatile fatty acids concentration increased quadratically with the increase of wheat silage inclusion (P < 0.01), and the highest occurred in WS64. The molar proportion of acetate (P < 0.01) and acetate-to-propionate ratio (P = 0.04) decreased while butyrate (P < 0.01) and isovalerate (P = 0.04) increased. Increasing wheat silage inclusion increased the Firmicutes-to- Bacteroidota ratio by 226% to 357%, resulting in Firmicutes instead of Bacteroidota being the most abundant phylum. The relative abundance of cellulolytic Ruminococcus numerically increased but that of amylolytic Prevotella (P < 0.01) decreased as increasing wheat silage inclusion. Taken together, increasing wheat silage replacement of oaten hay by no more than 64% exhibited greater feed efficiency and fibre digestion despite low feed intake by feedlot lambs due to the change of Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidota ratio in the rumen.
Investigation on the properties of compacted silty clay subjected to electro-osmosis using bender element

The moisture content of subgrade soil in seasonally frozen regions is often higher than its optimum value, leading to a decline in mechanical properties and a reduction in subgrade bearing capacity. Electro-osmosis has shown promise as a technology for controlling subgrade moisture, but significant heterogeneity has also been observed in treated soil. This study investigates the impact of electro-osmosis on soil stiffness through a series of bender element tests of compacted clay. The effects of dry density and supply voltage on the performance of electroosmosis treatment and the layered structure and anisotropy of the soil were analyzed. The results show that electro-osmosis treatment increased the shear wave velocity of the soil by 140% compared to untreated saturated soil and by 70% compared to soil with optimum water content. It has also been found that layered compaction of soil resulted in a layered structure, with electro-osmosis having a more prominent impact on soil near the cathode, resulting in a more pronounced layered structure. Besides, electro-osmosis was found to enhance soil anisotropy, particularly near the anode. Increasing the dry density and voltage levels can help improve soil uniformity. These findings provide insights into the potential use of electro-osmosis in improving soil stiffness, which could benefit various engineering applications.
Recycling of waste aluminum scraps to fabricate sulfidated zero-valent iron-aluminum particles for enhanced chromate removal

Massive waste aluminum scraps produced from the spent aluminum products have high electron capacity and can be recycled as an attractive alternative to materials based on zerovalent iron (Fe~0) for the removal of oxidative contaminants from wastewater. This study thus proposed an approach to fabricate micron-sized sulfidated zero-valent iron-aluminum particles (S-Al~0 @Fe~0) with high reactivity, electron selectivity and capacity using recycled waste aluminum scraps. S-Al~0 @Fe~0 with a three-layer structure contained zero-valent aluminum (Al~0) core, Fe~0 middle layer and iron sulfide (FeS) shell. The rates of chromate (Cr(VI)) removal by S-Al~0 @Fe~0 at pH 5.0-9.0 were 1.6-5.9 times greater than that by sulfidated zero-valent iron (S-Fe~0). The Cr(VI) removal capacity of S-Al~0 @Fe~0 was 8.2-, 11.3-and 46.9-fold greater than those of S-Fe~0, zero-valent iron-aluminum (Al~0-Fe~0) and Fe~0, respectively. The chemical cost of S-Al~0 @Fe~0 for the equivalent Cr(VI) removal was 78.5% lower than that of S-Fe~0. Negligible release of soluble aluminum during the Cr(VI) removal was observed. The significant enhancement in the reactivity and capacity of S-Al~0 @Fe~0 was partially ascribed to the higher reactivity and electron density of the Al~0 core than Fe~0. More importantly, S-Al~0 @Fe~0 served as an electric cell to harness the persistent and selective electron transfer from the Al~0-Fe~0 core to Cr(VI) at the surface via coupling Fe~0-Fe~(2+)-Fe~(3+) redox cycles, resulting in a higher electron utilization efficiency. Therefore, S-Al~0 @Fe~0 fabricated using recycled waste aluminum scraps can be a cost-effective and environmentally-friendly alternative to S-Fe~0 for the enhanced removal of oxidative contaminants in industrial wastewater.
Aerodynamic/stealth design of S-duct inlet based on discrete adjoint method

It is a major challenge for the airframe-inlet design of modern combat aircrafts, as the flow and electromagnetic wave propagation in the inlet of stealth aircraft are very complex. In this study, an aerodynamic/stealth optimization design method for an S-duct inlet is proposed. The upwind scheme is introduced to the aerodynamic adjoint equation to resolve the shock wave and flow separation. The multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA) is utilized for the stealth adjoint equation. A dorsal S-duct inlet of flying wing layout is optimized to improve the aerodynamic and stealth characteristics. Both the aerodynamic and stealth characteristics of the inlet are effectively improved. Finally, the optimization results are analyzed, and it shows that the main contradiction between aerodynamic characteristics and stealth characteristics is the centerline and crosssectional area. The S-duct is smoothed, and the cross-sectional area is increased to improve the aerodynamic characteristics, while it is completely opposite for the stealth design. The radar cross section (RCS) is reduced by phase cancelation for low frequency conditions. The method is suitable for the aerodynamic/stealth design of the aircraft airframe-inlet system.
Single Particle Colorimetric Acid Phosphatase Activity Assay with CeO_2-modified Gold Nanoparticles

Acid phosphatase (ACP)is a ubiquitous phosphatase in living organisms. The abnormal variation of ACP is related to various diseases. Herein, we propose a colorimetric method based on CeO_2-modified gold core shell nanoparticles (Au@CeO_2 NPs)to analyze ACP activity with high sensitivity and specificity. In this design, 2-phospho-L-ascorbic acid trisodium salt (AAP)is dephosphorylated by ACP and produces reductive ascorbic acid (AA), which makes the CeO_2 shell decomposition. A remarkable blue shift of localized surface plasmon resonance peak (LSPR, from yellow to green)along with the scattering intensity ratio changes from individual Au@CeO_2 NPs are observed. ACP activity can be quantified by calculating the ratio changes of individual Au@CeO_2 NPs. This assay reveals limit of detection (LOD)of 0.044 mU/mL and the linear range of 0.05-5.0 mU/mL, which are much lower than most of spectroscopic measurements in bulk solution. Furthermore, the recovery measurements in real samples are satisfactory and the capacity for practical application is demonstrated. As a consequence, Au@CeO_2 NPs used in this assay will find new applications for the ultrasensitive detection of enzyme activity.
Enhanced Beta2-band Oscillations Denote Auditory Hallucination in Schizophrenia Patients and a Monkey Model of Psychosis

An electroencephalographic (EEG) signature of auditory hallucinations (AHs) is important for facilitating the diagnosis and treatment of AHs in schizophrenia. We recorded EEG from 25 schizophrenia patients with recurrent AHs. During the period of AHs, EEG recordings exhibited significantly elevated beta2-band power in the temporal region, as compared to those recorded in the absence of AHs or during stimulation with verbal sounds. We further generated methamphetamine-treated rhesus monkeys exhibiting psychosis-like behaviors, including repetitive sudden searching actions in the absence of external intrusion, suggesting the occurrence of AHs. Epidural EEG beta2-band power in the temporal region of these monkeys was enhanced immediately after methamphetamine treatment and positively correlated with the frequency of sudden searching actions. Thus, the enhancement of temporal beta2-band oscillations represents a signature for AHs in both patients and a monkey model of psychosis, and this monkey model can be used for developing closed-loop neuromodulation approaches for the treatment of refractory AHs in schizophrenia.
Licorice-saponin A3 is a broad-spectrum inhibitor for COVID-19 by targeting viral spike and anti-inflammation

Currently, human health due to corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19)pandemic has been seriously threatened. The coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)spike (S)protein plays a crucial role in virus transmission and several S-based therapeutic approaches have been approved for the treatment of COVID-19. However, the efficacy is compromised by the SARS-CoV-2 evolvement and mutation. Here we report the SARS-CoV-2 S protein receptor-binding domain (RBD)inhibitor licorice-saponin A3 (A3)could widely inhibit RBD of SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Beta, Delta, and Omicron BA.1, XBB and BQ1.1. Furthermore, A3 could potently inhibit SARS-CoV-2 Omicron virus in Vero E6 cells, with EC_(50)of 1.016 mM. The mechanism was related to binding with Y453 of RBD determined by hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS)analysis combined with quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM)simulations. Interestingly, phosphoproteomics analysis and multi fluorescent immunohistochemistry (mIHC)respectively indicated that A3 also inhibits host inflammation by directly modulating the JNK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)pathways and rebalancing the corresponding immune dysregulation. This work supports A3 as a promising broad-spectrum small molecule drug candidate for COVID-19.
Identification of different degrees of processed ginger using GC-IMS combined with machine learning

Ginger, the rhizomes of Zingiber officinale Roscoe, was a wellknown edible plant species commonly used in China, which has pungent flavor [1]. Ginger has numerous chemical compounds, such as phenolic constituents, volatile compounds (VOCs), and polysaccharides [2]. Among them, VOCs are considered one of the effective compounds in ginger due to their functional properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and analgesic [3]. Ginger has four different degrees of processed products, including fresh ginger (SJ), dried ginger (GJ), baked ginger (PJ), and ginger charcoal (JT), and they have different types and contents of VOCs [4]. However, the processing process of ginger is difficult to control as the identification of different degrees of processed ginger mainly depends on the subjective evaluation of the pharmacists, such as appearance color, shape, and texture [4]. Compared with subjective evaluation, instrument analysis is more objective and accurate.
Transforming agri-food systems for multiple wins in nutrition, inclusion and environment

The call for agri-food system transformation is urgent in many global development agendas (UN 2023). Food systems have contributed to economic prosperity and feeding the world, but they are also associated with numerous challenges, including climate change, continued hunger, poor diets and malnutrition, and increasing disparities (Webb et al. 2020; Fanzo et al. 2021). The vulnerabilities of food systems have been further aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic, geopolitical disruptions, extreme weather events, and economic uncertainties (IPCC 2023; FAO 2023). The rapid population growth, urbanization and industrialization have also resulted in significant land and water resource pressures, as well as food safety and security in many developing countries.
上皮样肉瘤10例临床病理及分子遗传学特征研究

目的探讨上皮样肉瘤(ES)的临床病理及分子遗传学特征。方法收集解放军东部战区总医院(南京大学医学院附属金陵医院)2006—2018年病理科共10例ES病例进行回顾性研究,分析其临床病理特征,并利用二代测序检测其相关分子遗传学特征。结果10例ES中,男性7例,女性3例;年龄26~64岁(平均年龄37.3岁)。组织学诊断包括经典型9例、近端型1例。在10例ES标本中,发生SWI/SNF复合物家族基因突变7例,其中SMARCB1拷贝数缺失4例,是最常见的分子遗传学改变。其次,还包括ARID1A基因突变2例、ARID5B基因突变1例、ARID1B基因突变1例及SMARCA4基因突变1例;同时还检测到5例存在PI3K-Akt信号通路的突变。同一个病例亦可同时存在多种SWI/SNF复合物家族基因的异常:其中以SMARCB1和其他基因突变共存较为常见。结论ES有多种形态学亚型,诊断上较为困难,SWI/SNF复合物家族基因突变在ES中频繁出现。其中SMARCB1的占比最高,其失活的分子机制通常为拷贝数缺失。二代测序作为近年来发展起来的一种比较先进的测序方法,可有效筛选相关基因突变,为临床医师提供潜在治疗靶点,从而改善患者预后。
腹腔内伴EWSR1/FUS-CREM重排恶性上皮样肿瘤1例

腹腔内伴EWSR1/FUS-CREM重排恶性上皮样肿瘤是新近发现、分化不明的恶性肿瘤,形态学及免疫表型显示上皮分化,具有恶性潜能及转移倾向。本文报道1例多次复发伴肺转移的病例。镜下肿瘤界限尚清,有纤维性假包膜,肿瘤周边及细胞巢间隔见较多炎性细胞浸润,肿瘤细胞呈上皮样、多边形,胞质丰富,呈嗜酸性,核呈圆形或卵圆形,可见小核仁。肿瘤细胞上皮细胞膜抗原弥漫强阳性,广谱细胞角蛋白局灶强阳性,波形蛋白、WT1、突触素、Calretinin等阴性。分子检测示EWSR1-ATF1融合。
特殊注射剂研发过程中的关键质量属性和质量风险管理

特殊注射剂是一类复杂制剂,一般基于脂质体、微球、脂肪乳、混悬液、油溶液、胶束等剂型的自身特性而获得靶向递送药物、缓控释等优势。特殊注射剂的研发难度大,通常应基于质量源于设计(QbD)理念进行相应的制剂开发。文章综述了特殊注射剂研发过程中关键质量属性(CQAs)识别和质量风险管理(QRM)应用的研究进展,期望为相关药品研发提供参考。
Performance and mechanism of La-Fe metal-organic framework as a highly efficient adsorbent for fluoride removal from mine water

Water fluoride pollution has caused non-negligible harm to the environment and humans,and thus it is crucial to find a suitable treatment technology.In this study,La-Fe@PTA adsorbent was synthesized for the defluoridation of mine water.The results showed that the optimum conditions for defluoridation by La-Fe@PTA were pH close to 7.0,the initial F- concentration of 10 mg/L,the dosage of 0.5 g/L and the adsorption time of 240 min.Compared with SO_4~(2-),Cl~-,NO_3~-,Ca~(2+) and Mg~(2+),CO_3~(2-) and HCO_3~- presented severer inhibition on fluoride uptake by La-Fe@PTA.The adsorption process fits well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Freundlich model,and the maximum adsorption capacity of Langmuir model was 95 mg/g.Fixed-bed adsorption results indicated that fluoride in practical fluorinated mine water could be effectively removed from 3.6 mg/L to less than 1.5 mg/L within 130 bed volume (BV) by using 1.5 g La-Fe@PTA.Furthermore,the adsorbent still had good adsorption capacity after regeneration,which confirms the great application potential of La-Fe@PTA as a fluoride ion adsorbent.The mechanism analysis showed that La-Fe@PTA adsorption of fluorine ions is a physicochemical reaction driven by electrostatic attraction and ion exchange.
Amorphization transformation in high-entropy alloy FeNiCrCoCu under shock compression

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) possess immense potential for structural applications due to their excellent mechanical properties. Deeply understanding underlying deformation mechanisms under extreme regimes is crucial but still limited, due to the restrictions of existing experimental techniques. In the present study, dynamic deformation behaviors in equiatomic FeNiCrCoCu HEAs were investigated in terms of various shock velocities through nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. The amorphous atoms by amorphization transformation were corroborated to be conducive to dislocation nucleation and propagation. Also, the dominant plasticity pattern was confirmed to be taken over by amorphization under higher velocities, while dislocation slips merely prevailed for lower shock ones. More importantly, for a shock velocity of 1.4 km/s, multi-level deformation modes appearing in deformation, first amorphization and then a combination of amorphization and dislocation slip, was demonstrated to substantially contribute to the shock wave attenuation. These interesting findings provide important implications for the dynamic deformation behaviors and corresponding mechanisms of the FeNiCrCoCu HEA system.
A Dynamic Covalent Bonding-based Nanoplatform for Intracellular Co-Delivery of Protein Drugs and Chemotherapeutics with Enhanced Anti-Cancer Effect

Efficient intracellular delivery of protein drugs is critical for protein therapy.The combination of protein drugs with chemotherapeutics represents a promising strategy in enhancing anti-cancer effect.However,co-delivery systems for efficient delivery of these two kinds of drugs are still lacking because of their different properties.Herein,we show a well-designed delivery system based on dynamic covalent bond for efficient intracellular co-delivery of ribonuclease A (RNase A) and doxorubicin (DOX).Two polymers,PEG-b-P(Asp-co-AspDA) and PAE-b-P(Asp-co-AspPBA),and two 2-acetylphenylboronic acid (2-APBA)-functionalized drugs,2-APBA-RNase A and 2-APBA-DOX,self-assemble into mixed-shell nanoparticles (RNase A/DOX@MNPs) via dynamic phenylboronic acid (PBA)-catechol bond between PBA and dopamine (DA) moieties.The PBA-catechol bond endows the nanoparticles with high stability and excellent stimulus-responsive drug release behavior.Under the slight acidic environment at tumor tissue,RNase A/DOX@MNPs are positively charged,promoting their endocytosis.Upon cellular uptake into endosome,further protonation of PAE chains leads to the rupture of endosomes because of the proton sponge effect and the cleavage of PBA-catechol bond promotes the release of two drugs.In cytoplasm,the high level ofGSH removed the modification of 2-APBA on drugs.The restored RNase A and DOX show a synergistic and enhanced antic-cancer effect.This system may be a promising platform for intracellular co-delivery of protein drugs and chemotherapeutics.
A high-performance lithium anode based on N-doped composite graphene

Lithium (Li)metal is the most promising electrode for next-generation rechargeable batteries. In order to push the commercialization of the lithium metal batteries, a kind of nitrogen(N)-doped composite graphene (NCG)adopted as the Li plating host was prepared to regulate Li metal nucleation and suppress dendrite growth. Furthermore, a new kind of sandwich-type composite lithium metal (STCL)electrode was developed to improve its application. The STCL electrode can be used as convenient as a piece of Li foil but no dendrite growth. In a symmetric battery, the STCL electrode cycled for more than 4500 h with the overpotential of less than 40 mV. And due to the creative design, the STCL promises the Li-S battery with a prolonged cycling lifespan.