mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Effects of particle size and confining pressure on breakage factor of rockfill materials using medium triaxial test

Rockfill dams are mostly constructed using blasted rockfill materials obtained by blasting rocks or alluvial rockfill materials collected from the riverbeds. Behaviors of rockfill materials and their characterization significantly depend on breakage factor observed during triaxial loading. In this paper, two modeled rockfill materials are investigated by using medium triaxial cell. Drained triaxial tests are conducted on various sizes of modeled rockfill materials used in the two dams, and test data are analyzed accordingly. Breakage factor of rockfill material is studied and the effects of particle size and confining pressure on breakage factor are investigated using medium triaxial cell as many researchers have already conducted investigation using large triaxial cell.
Modeling the triaxial behavior of riverbed and blasted quarried rockfill materials using hardening soil model

Riverbed modeled rockfill material from Noa Dehing dam project, Arunachal Pradesh, India and blasted quarried modeled rockfill material from Kol dam project, Himachal Pradesh, India were considered for this research. Riverbed rockfill material is rounded to sub-rounded and quarried rockfill material is angular to sub-angular in shape. Prototype rockfill materials were modeled into maximum particle size (d_(max)) of 4.75 mm, 10 mm, 19 mm, 25 mm, 50 mm and 80 mm for testing in the laboratory. Consolidated drained triaxial tests were conducted on modeled rockfill materials with a specimen size of 381 mm in diameter and 813 mm in height to study the stressestrainevolume change behavior for both rockfill materials. Index properties, i.e. uncompacted void content (UVC) and uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), were determined for both rockfill materials in association with material parameters. An elastoplastic hardening soil (HS) constitutive model was used to predict the behavior of modeled rockfill materials. Comparing the predicted and observed stressestrainevolume change behavior, it is found that both observed and predicted behaviors match closely. The procedures were developed to predict the shear strength and elastic parameters of rockfill materials using the index properties, i.e. UCS, UVC and relative density (RD), and predictions were made satisfactorily. Comparing the predicted and experimentally determined shear strengths and elastic parameters, it is observed that both values match closely. Then these procedures were used to predict the elastic and shear strength parameters of largesize prototype rockfill materials. Correlations were also developed between index properties and material strength parameters (dilatancy angle, j, and initial void ratio, e_(init), required for HS model) of modeled rockfill materials and the same correlations were used to predict the strength parameters for the prototype rockfill materials. Using the predicted material parameters, the stressestrainevolume change behavior of prototype rockfill material was predicted using elastoplastic HS constitutive model. The advantage of the proposed methods is that only index properties, i.e. UCS, UVC, RD, modulus of elasticity of intact rock, E_(ir), and Poisson's ratio of intact rock, v_(ir), are required to determine the angle of shearing resistance, f, modulus of elasticity, E_(50)~(ref), and Poisson's ratio, n, of rockfill materials, and there is no need of triaxial testing. It is believed that the proposed methods are more realistic, economical, and can be used where large-size triaxial testing facilities are not available.
Long-term stability analysis of the left bank abutment slope at Jinping I hydropower station

The time-dependent behavior of the left bank abutment slope at Jinping I hydropower station has a major influence on the normal operation and long-term safety of the hydropower station. To solve this problem, a geomechanical model containing various faults and weak structural planes is established, and numerical simulation is conducted under normal water load condition using FLAC3D, incorporating creep model proposed based on thermodynamics with internal state variables theory. The creep deformations of the left bank abutment slope are obtained, and the changes of principal stresses and deformations of the dam body are analyzed. The long-term stability of the left bank abutment slope is evaluated according to the integral curves of energy dissipation rate in domain and its derivative with respect to time, and the non-equilibrium evolution rules and the characteristic time can also be determined using these curves. Numerical results show that the left bank abutment slope tends to be stable in a global sense, and the stress concentration is released. It is also indicated that more attention should be paid to some weak regions within the slope in the long-term deformation process.
Seismogenic tectonics of the Qian-Gorlos earthquake in Jilin Province, China

The Qian-Gorlos earthquake, which occurred in the Songliao basin in Jilin Province in 1119 AD, was the largest earthquake to occur in NE China before the 1975 Haicheng earthquake. Based on historical records and surface geological investigations, it has been suggested previously that the earthquake epicenter was in the Longkeng area. However, other workers have considered the epicenter to be in the Halamaodu area based on the landslides and faults found in this region. No seismogenic structure has yet been found in either of these two regions. We tried to detect active faults in the urban areas of Songyuan City, where the historical earthquake was probably located. One of the aims of this work was to clarify the seismogenic structure so that the seismic risk in the city could be more accurately evaluated. The area was investigated and analyzed using information from remote sensing and topographic surveys, seismic data from petroleum exploration, shallow seismic profiles, exploratory geological trenches on fault outcrops, and borehole data. The geophysical data did not reveal any evidence of faults cutting through Cretaceous or later strata under the Longkeng scarp, which has been suggested to be structural evidence of the Qian-Gorlos earthquake. The continuous fault surfaces on the back edge of terraces in the Halamaodu area stretch for [3.5 km and were probably formed by tectonic activity. However, results from shallow seismic profiles showed that the faults did not extend downward, with the corresponding deep structure being identified as a gentle kink band. A new reverse fault was found to the west of the two suggested epicenters, which presented as a curvilinear fault extending to the west, and was formed by two groups of NE- and NW-trending faults intersecting the Gudian fault. Three-dimensional seismic and shallow seismic data from petroleum exploration revealed its distinct spatial distribution and showed that the fault may cut through Late Quaternary strata. Exploration boreholes and later geomorphological studies provided further proof of this. Based on these results and analysis, the Gudian fault was confirmed as having been an active fault since the Late Quaternary, with the possibility of earthquakes of magnitude [7 in the future. The Qian- Gorlos earthquake was most probably the result of breakage on one or two sections of this 66-km-long fault.
Relationship between the regional tectonic activity and crustal structure in the eastern Tibetan plateau discovered by gravity anomaly

The eastern Tibetan plateau has been getting more and more attention because it combines active faults, uplifting, and large earthquakes together in a high-population region. Based on the previous researches, the most of Cenozoic tectonic activities were related to the regional structure of the local blocks within the crustal scale. Thus, a better understanding of the crustal structure of the regional tectonic blocks is an important topic for further study. In this paper, we combined the simple Bouguer gravity anomaly with the Moho depths from previous studies to investigate the crustal structure in this area. To highlight the crustal structures, the gravity anomaly caused by the Moho relief has been reduced by forward modeling calculations. A total horizontal derivative (THD) had been applied on the gravity residuals. The results indicated that the crustal gravity residual is compatible with the topography and the geological settings of the regional blocks, including the Sichuan basin, the Chuxiong basin, the Xiaojiang fault, and the Jinhe fault, as well as the Longmenshan fault zone. The THD emphasized the west margin of Yangtze block, i.e., the Longriba fault zone and the Xiaojiang fault cut through the Yangtze block. The checkboard pattern of the gravity residual in the Songpan- Garze fold belt and Chuandian fragment shows that the crust is undergoing a southward and SE-directed extrusion, which is coincident with the flowing direction indicated from the GPS measurements. By integrating the interpretations, the stepwise extensional mechanism of the eastern Tibetan plateau is supported by the southeastward crustal deformation, and the extrusion of Chuandian fragment is achieved by Xianshuihe fault.
乳腺癌前哨淋巴结微小转移灶的预后意义及临床处理

随着乳腺癌前哨淋巴结活组织检查技术的广泛开展与病理诊断水平的不断提高,在临床工作中,乳腺癌前哨淋巴结微小转移灶的检出率明显增加。对于乳腺癌前哨淋巴结微小转移灶患者预后影响,目前国内外尚未达成一致意见,部分研究结果显示其预后意义与腋窝淋巴结清扫术后查见微小转移灶不尽相同。前哨淋巴结微转移患者的最佳临床决策目前亦无定论,当前多数研究倾向于对这类患者可采用全身辅助治疗联合术后局部放射治疗取代腋窝淋巴结清扫术,但该结论仍需进一步临床研究证实。笔者复习近年来国内外相关文献,对乳腺癌前哨淋巴结微小转移灶的预后意义及临床处理方法作一综述。
Arabidopsis FHY3 and FAR1 Regulate Light- Induced myo-Inositol Biosynthesis and Oxidative Stress Responses by Transcriptional Activation of MIPS1

myo-Inositol-1-phosphate synthase (MIPS) catalyzes the limiting step of inositol biosynthesis and has crucial roles in plant growth and development. In response to stress, the transcription of MIPS1 is induced and the biosynthesis of inositol or inositol derivatives is promoted by unknown mechanisms. Here, we found that the light signaling protein FAR-RED ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL3 (FHY3) and its homolog FARRED IMPAIRED RESPONSE1 (FAR1) regulate light-induced inositol biosynthesis and oxidative stress responses by activating the transcription of MIPS1. Disruption of FHY3 and FAR1 caused light-induced cell death after dark-light transition, precocious leaf senescence, and increased sensitivity to oxidative stress. Reduction of salicylic acid (SA) accumulation by overexpression of SALICYLIC ACID 3-HYDROXYLASE largely suppressed the cell death phenotype of fhy3 far1 mutant plants, suggesting that FHY3- and FAR1-mediated cell death is dependent on SA. Furthermore, comparative analysis of chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and microarray results revealed that FHY3 and FAR1 directly target both MIPS1 and MIPS2. The fhy3 far1 mutant plants showed severely decreased MIPS1/2 transcript levels and reduced inositol levels. Conversely, constitutive expression of MIPS1 partially rescued the inositol contents, caused reduced transcript levels of SA-biosynthesis genes, and prevented oxidative stress in fhy3 far1. Taken together, our results indicate that the light signaling proteins FHY3 and FAR1 directly bind the promoter of MIPS1 to activate its expression and thereby promote inositol biosynthesis to prevent light-induced oxidative stress and SA-dependent cell death.
Polarized Defense Against Fungal Pathogens Is Mediated by the Jacalin-Related Lectin Domain of Modular Poaceae-Specific Proteins

Modular proteins are an evolutionary answer to optimize performance of proteins that physically interact with each other for functionality. Using a combination of genetic and biochemical experiments, we characterized the rice protein OsJAC1, which consists of a jacalin-related lectin (JRL) domain predicted to bind mannose-containing oligosaccharides, and a dirigent domain which might function in stereoselective coupling of monolignols. Transgenic overexpression of OsJAC1 in rice resulted in quantitative broadspectrumresistance against different pathogens including bacteria, oomycetes, and fungi. Overexpression of this gene or its wheat ortholog TAJA1 in barley enhanced resistance against the powdery mildew fungus. Both protein domains of OsJAC1 are required to establish resistance as indicated by single or combined transient expression of individual domains. Expression of artificially separated and fluorescence-tagged protein domains showed that the JRL domain is sufficient for targeting the powdery mildew penetration site. Nevertheless, co-localization of the lectin and the dirigent domain occurred. Phylogenetic analyses revealed orthologs of OsJAC1 exclusively within the Poaceae plant family. Dicots, by contrast, only contain proteins with either JRL or dirigent domain(s). Altogether, our results identify OsJAC1 as a representative of a novel type of resistance protein derived from a plant lineage-specific gene fusion event for better function in local pathogen defense.
TALEN-Mediated Homologous Recombination Produces Site-Directed DNA Base Change and Herbicide-Resistant Rice

Over the last decades, much endeavor has been made to advance genome editing technology due to its promising role in both basic and synthetic biology. The breakthrough has been made in recent years with the advent of sequence-specific endonucleases, especially zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs) guided nucleases (e.g., Cas9). In higher eukaryotic organisms, site-directed mutagenesis usually can be achieved through non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) repair to the DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) caused by the exogenously applied nucleases. However, site-specific gene replacement or genuine genome editing through homologous recombination (HR) repair to DSBs remains a challenge. As a proof of concept gene replacement through TALEN-based HR in rice (Oryza sativa), we successfully produced double point mutations in rice acetolactate synthase gene (OsALS) and generated herbicide resistant rice lines by using TALENs and donor DNA carrying the desired mutations. After ballistic delivery into rice calli of TALEN construct and donor DNA, nine HR events with different genotypes of OsALS were obtained in T0 generation at the efficiency of 1.4%e6.3% from three experiments. The HRmediated gene edits were heritable to the progeny of T1 generation. The edited T1 plants were as morphologically normal as the control plants while displayed strong herbicide resistance. The results demonstrate the feasibility of TALEN-mediated genome editing in rice and provide useful information for further genome editing by other nuclease-based genome editing platforms.
Temperature-controlled Cascade Reaction of Phloroglucinoltribenzyl Ether Promoted by Trifluoroacetic Anhydride and Trifluoroacetic Acid

We report the first trifluoroacetic anhydride- and trifluoroacetic acid-promoted cascade reaction with phloroglucinoltribenzyl ether and carboxylic acid as starting materials. By simply varying the temperature of systems containing the same starting materials, different products were produced in high yields. A three-step consecutive reaction process was also proposed.
Phosphine-catalyzed [4+2] Annulations of α-Aminonitriles with Allenoates: Synthesis of Functionalized Tetrahydropyridines

Phosphine-catalyzed [4+2] annulations of 2-(acetoxymethyl)buta-2,3-dienoates with α-aminonitriles have been developed, in which α-aminonitriles serve as C, N-bisnucleophilic reaction partners and 2-(acetoxymethyl)buta- 2,3-dienoates as “C4 synthons” respectively. A number of α-aminonitriles could be successfully applied to giving multifunctional desired products using PPh_3 as catalyst. This method provides a facile entry to access polysubstituted tetrahydropyridines bearing quaternary carbon centers. The possible reaction mechanism was also proposed.
中国脊椎动物红色名录

为全面评估中国野生脊椎动物濒危状况, 环境保护部联合中国科学院于2013年启动了《中国生物多样性红色名录--脊椎动物卷》编制工作。通过这项工作, 我们编制了《中国脊椎动物红色名录》。
自动化立体仓库自动喷水灭火系统设计探讨

自动化立体仓库具有火灾荷载大、火灾蔓延速度快以及灭火救援困难等特点,因此应立足于自动灭火系统对初期火灾的扑救。分析了自动化立体仓库的火灾特点,通过对国内外标准的相关研究,提出了该场所自动喷水灭火系统的设计原则,并以具体工程为案例,提出了该场所自动喷水灭火系统的设计要求。
南方某市市政污水管道水质检测与原因分析

为了查找南方城镇污水处理厂进水水质浓度低的原因,对南方某市江北片区纳污范围内的居民小区化粪池出水和4条主要市政污水管网进行了为期3个月的水质采样检测。分析表明,除SS外,降雨会使居民小区化粪池出水COD、BOD_5、TN、NH_3—N和TP平均浓度减小39%以上。市政污水管网晴天、雨天水质差异不明显,污水水质浓度均较低。主要是由于排水系统雨污分流不彻底、市政污水管网结构性缺陷及外来水渗入市政污水管网等造成。
Status of reproductive health knowledge for junior high school students inGuangzhou city

Objective To understand the status of reproductive health knowledge for junior high school students in Guangzhou city and provide the base data for reproductive health education. Methods A total of 1 210 students including 657 boys and 553 girls aged 12-15 years were surveyed with anonymous self-administrated questionnaire. The students were from a middle school in suburb of Guangzhou city. The questionnaire contained basic concepts of reproduction, love, sex, contraceptives, abortion and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Analysis consisted of descriptive statistics and Chi square tests for differences between boys and girls. Results The students mostly had experienced menarche (94%) or first spermatorrhea (83.6%). About 58.4% of students just knew little about process of puberty, fertilization, and contraception. Far more boys than girls considered that the effect of abortion on physical injury was harmless (30.4% and 9.6%, P<0.001). More than 60% of respondents knew the route of transmission of STDs well, but were poor understanding of adverse impact of STDs. The majority of the students did not consider sexual relationship acceptable at their age, a viewpoint that was more strongly held by girls (61.6%) than boys (45.1%) (P<0.001). Just 35.5% of boys would refuse when the lovers required to have a sex activity, far less than girls (76.1%) (P<0.001). The rate of sex intercourses among students was 5%, and a slightly higher proportion (46%) had never used contraception among those who had sexual activity. The demands of students on reproductive health were mainly on how to deal with the relationship with lovers (56.0%), knowledge on sexual health and menses (41.7%), sex moral knowledge (48.3%), contraception (45.0%), and preventive measures of STDs/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) (47.0%). Conclusion The reproductive health knowledge for the students was at very low level. There were some differences on the knowledge mastered by boys and girls while the sexual opinion of boys was more open than girls. It was urgent to carry out education among junior high school students to promote their reproductive health.
大学生消极情绪修复动机与自尊的关系

消极情绪修复动机指在消极情绪状态下,引导、激发和维持个体进行消极情绪修复活动的一种内在心理过程或内部动力。自尊是个体对自我的情感性评价,可分为外显自尊和内隐自尊,二者是两个相对独立的结构,共同构成个体对自我的整体态度。Greenwald的双重结构模型认为存在着高外显低内隐自尊(自大)、高外显高内隐自尊(自信)、低外显低内隐自尊(自卑)、低外显高内隐自尊(自谦)4种情形,其中前两种分别被称为脆弱高自尊和安全高自尊。研究表明,外显自尊越高,情绪修复动机越强。
倒置性毛囊角化病

本病在临床上与脂溢性角化病、寻常疣、基底细胞癌和鳞状细胞癌等多种疾病较难鉴别,诊断主要依靠组织病理学检查。脂溢性角化病皮损主要由基底样细胞构成,宽度大于高度,顶部中央有充以角质栓的隐窝,基底位于同一水平,下方不与毛囊连接。寻常疣颗粒层和棘细胞层上部细胞有空泡形成,常有角化不全。基底细胞癌病变主要由基底样细胞构成,周边呈栅栏状排列,间质常有黏液变性和淋巴细胞浸润,而无鳞状涡、角栓和外毛根鞘细胞。鳞状细胞癌细胞的异形性较明显,可见不良角化和癌珠,病理性核分裂象多见,而倒置性毛囊角化病细胞异形不明显,核分裂象少见。
微能源网商业运营服务产品探索

进入21世纪后,集成了风光气等多种能源输入、冷热电等多种产品输出的多能互补微能源网逐步得到了发展,由于其充分利用可再生能源以及能源的梯级利用技术进行冷热电一体化生产、计划和调度,能够显著提高综合能源利用率、减少二氧化碳排放,并能帮助用户选择更经济的能源。随着燃气价格的下调,目前分布式燃机的发电成本仅为0.55元/(kW·h)左右(随各地燃气价格不同而异),而且分布式光伏和风电的边际成本几乎为零,因此即便考虑初期建设费用,微能源网面对工商业用户供电相比电网仍具有一定优势。
Development of a Novel PmpD-N ELISA for Chlamydia psittaci Infection

Objective Chlamydia psittaci is an avian respiratory pathogen and zoonotic agent. The wide prevalence of C. psittaci poses a threat to the poultry industry and its employees. However, few commercial kits are available for detecting avian antibodies excluding the in-house ELISA kit. In this study, we developed a novel ELISA kit for detecting antibodies against C. psittaci based on the N-terminal fragment of polymorphic outer membrane protein D (PmpD-N) as the coating antigen. Methods The antigen concentrations, primary antibody, and cut-off value were determined and optimized. The ELISA, designated PmpD-N ELISA, was assessed for sensitivity, specificity, and concordance using sera samples from 48 experimentally infected and 168 uninfected SPF chickens. Results The sensitivity and specificity of PmpD-N ELISA were 97.9%, 100%, respectively, while the concordance was 98.1% as compared to that of MOMP-ELISA. No cross-reaction with positive sera for other avian pathogens was found. Using PmpD-N ELISA, 799/836 clinical samples were positive, including 93.0% and 98.1% positivity in layers and broilers, respectively. Conclusion These data indicate that indirect ELISA with PmpD-N as the antigen candidate is a promising approach for the surveillance of C. psittaci infection.
A multicenter, retrospective epidemiologic survey of the clinical features and management of bone metastatic disease in China

Background: Bone metastases are common in patients with advanced cancer. Bisphosphonates (BPs) could prevent or delay the development of skeleton-related events (SREs). The present study aimed to identify the clinical features of and treatment strategies for Chinese patients with bone metastases. Methods: Consecutive cancer patients who had bone metastases and received BP treatment were enrolled. A questionnaire was developed to collect the patients’ clinical data, as well as information on the diagnosis and management of bone metastases. Physicians’ awareness of the guidelines and knowledge of the application of BP were also assessed. Results: A total of 3223 patients with lung cancer (36.5%), breast cancer (30.9%), prostate cancer (8.5%), and gastrointestinal cancer (5.7%) were included in this study. The sites of bone metastases were the thoracic spine (56.0 %), lumbar spine (47.1%), ribs (32.6%), and pelvis (23.2%). The SRE frequency was the highest in patients with multiple myeloma (36.6%), followed by those with lung cancer (25.9%), breast cancer (20.2%), prostate cancer (18.2%), and gastrointestinal cancer (17.3%). Irradiation to the bone was the most frequent SRE (58% in lung cancer patients, 45% in breast cancer patients, and 48% in prostate cancer patients). Our survey also showed that 45.5% of patients received BP within 3 months after their diagnosis of bone metastases, whereas the remaining 54.5% of patients did not receive BP treatment until at least 3 months after their diagnosis of bone metastases. The SRE frequency in the former group was significantly lower than that in the latter group (4.0% vs. 42.3%, P < 0.05). In patients with more than 6 months of continuous BP treatment, the mean time to the first SRE was significantly longer than that in patients with less than 6 months of continuous BP treatment (7.2 vs. 3.4 months, P < 0.05). In addition, 12.2% of the physicians were not aware of the efficacy of BP in preventing and delaying SRE. Only half (52.3%) of the physicians agreed that the BP treatment should persist for at least 6 months unless it was intolerable. Conclusions: Our study suggested that prompt and persistent BP treatment was associated with a reduced risk of SREs. However, our survey also revealed that the proper application of BP was not as common as expected in China.