mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Analysis of thermohaline and current distribution characteristics of Zhejiang and Fujian waters in summer

This paper analyzed the distribution of thermohaline and circulation characteristics of Zhejiang and Fujian waters,based on the cross-sectional thermohaline data and on current data (up to 30 d duration) at fixed-point moorings,collected in the summer of 2006.We also performed low-pass filtering and spectrum analysis on the mooring submersible buoy data.Based on that analysis,we discussed the characteristics of low frequency currents and time-variations in these waters.The main conclusions are as follows.(1) There is a low salinity pinnate area near the Hangzhou Bay in summer,and outside the low salinity area,an obvious salinity front is present from surface to bottom near 123 E.There is also a temperature front below the surface at a corresponding position.(2) Bottom water of the Taiwan Warm Current comes from the subsurface of Kuroshio.(3) The direction of low frequency current at fixed anchor stations is N-NE or S,which mainly depends on the interaction of control currents in this waters.(4) Significant spectral peaks at all mooring stations are typically semidiurnal and diurnal tides.Semidiurnal tidal waves are the main ones in these waters,and have more energy closer to the shore.(5) Significant energy spectral peaks of middle period (3 to 8 d) of currents are responses to weather frequency.(6) Significant energy spectral peaks of long periods at the surface or bottom are probably responses to seasonal wind or bottom friction,while,the long period peaks of other depths can reflect cyclical changes of interactions between currents.We conclude that the pulsation period of the Taiwan Warm Current in these waters is 10-17 d.
CGR3: A Golgi-Localized Protein Influencing Homogalacturonan Methylesterification

Plant cell walls are complex structures that offer structural and mechanical support to plant cells and are ultimately responsible for plant architecture and form. Pectins are a large group of complex polysaccharides of the plant cell wall that are made in the Golgi and secreted to the wall. The methylesterification of pectins is believed to be an important factor for the dynamic properties of the cell wall. Here, we report on a protein of unknown function discovered using an extensive proteomics analysis of cotton Golgi. Through bioinformatic analyses, we identified the ortholog of such protein, here named cotton Golgi-related 3 (CGR3) in Arabidopsis and found that it shares conserved residues with S- adenosylmethionine methyltransferases. We established that CGR3 is localized at the Golgi apparatus and that the expression of the CGR3 gene is correlated with that of several cell wall biosynthetic genes, suggesting a possible role of the protein in pectin modifications. Consistent with this hypothesis, immunofluorescence microscopy with antibodies for homogalacturonan pectins (HG) indicated that the cell walls of cgr3 knockout mutants and plants overexpressing CGR3 are decreased and increased in HG methylesterification, respectively. Our results suggest that CGR3 plays a role in the methylesterification of homogalacturonan in Arabidopsis.
Single Molecule Analysis of the Arabidopsis FRA1 Kinesin Shows that It Is a Functional Motor Protein with Unusually High Processivity

The Arabidopsis FRA1 kinesin contributes to the organization of cellulose microfibrils through an unknown mechanism. The cortical localization of this kinesin during interphase raises the possibility that it transports cell wall- related cargoes along cortical microtubules that either directly or indirectly influence cellulose microfibril patterning. To determine whether FRA1 is an authentic motor protein, we combined bulk biochemical assays and single molecule fluorescence imaging to analyze the motor properties of recombinant, GFP-tagged FRA1 containing the motor and coiled-coil domains (designated as FRA1(707)-GFP). We found that FRA1(707)-GFP binds to microtubules in an ATP-dependent manner and that its ATPase activity is dramatically stimulated by the presence of microtubules. Using single molecule studies, we found that FRA1(707)-GFP moves processively along microtubule tracks at a velocity of about 0.4 μm s~-1. In addition, we found that FRA1(707)-GFP is a microtubule plus-end-directed motor and that it moves along microtubules as a dimer. Interestingly, our single molecule analysis shows that the processivity of FRA1(707)-GFP is at least twice the processivity of conventional kinesin, making FRA1 the most processive kinesin to date. Together, our data show that FRA1 is a bona fide motor protein that has the potential to drive long-distance transport of cargo along cortical microtubules.
精神分裂症和双相障碍患者认知功能障碍的遗传学研究进展

认知功能是大脑对信息加工处理的能力，即中枢神经系统分辨、整合信息并解决问题和完成任务的综合能力，涉及注意、词语与视觉记忆、视觉运动、语言、抽象思维、信息整合和运动及执行功能等多项内容。认知功能评估常采用神经心理测验，其中的方法很多，包括韦氏智力记忆量表中的各分测验、威斯康星卡片分类测验（Wisconsin Card Sorting Test，WCST)、持续注意测验（Continuous Performance Test，CPT)、连线测验等。认知功能障碍常见于精神分裂症和双相障碍患者，遗传因素在认知功能的发生过程中起着重要的作用。近年来发现与精神分裂症和双相障碍认知功能相关的候选基因有很多，包括多巴胺系统基因、5-羟色胺（5-HT）系统基因、载脂蛋白E(apolipoprotein E，ApoE)、脑源性神经营养因子(brain derived neurotrophic factor， BDNF)基因等，现将这些基因进行分述。
肠管恶性黑色素瘤CT临床分析

恶性黑色素瘤是一种常见于皮肤的高度恶性肿瘤，起源于黏膜者少见，而胃肠道恶性黑色素瘤以转移性病变居多，原发性病变罕见，且临床表现缺乏特异性~[1]。收集本院10年来收治的经病理证实的胃肠恶性黑色素瘤4例，分析其CT临床特征，旨在提高对本病的认识。
中国弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤诊断与治疗指南

弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)是成人淋巴瘤中最常见的一种类型，并且是一组在临床表现和预后等多方面具有很大异质性的恶性肿瘤。其发病率占非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)的31% ~ 34%，在亚洲国家一般>40%~[1-2]。
白血病伴发肝脾真菌病二例报告并文献复习

侵袭性真菌感染（IFI)逐渐成为血液系统恶性肿瘤患者的主要并发症，其侵犯部位、表现形式多样，治疗反应不同， 诊断和治疗往往比较棘手。IFI常发生于肺部、消化道，少数可侵犯肝、脾、肾等深部组织，即为肝脾真菌感染(hepato-splenic fungal infection, HSF)。现将我院诊治的2例血液肿瘤伴发肝脾真菌感染患者诊断及治疗经过报道如下。
药食同源品中重金属的检测方法与思考

2002年卫生部发布“既是食品又是药品的物品名单”，即规定87种药食同源品可以作为我国保健食品的原料。这些药食同源品的功效成分已有大量研究，但有关其中的重金属检测研究相对较少。而食品安全和保健食品的质量控制是当前国内外关注和需要迫切解决的问题。总结了重金属的多种检测方法，同时就已报道的药食同源品中汞、砷、铅和镉的检测数据进行统计，分析目前的检测现状及存在的问题，为药食同源品作为保健食品的原料选用和质量控制及安全使用提供依据。
HPLC法测定心可舒分散片中原儿茶醛

目的建立HPLC法测定心可舒分散片中原儿茶醛的方法。方法色谱条件：色谱柱为Kromtek C_18柱(250mm×4.6 mm, 5μm)，流动相为1%冰醋酸溶液-甲醇-乙腈（92：3：5），检测波长279nm，体积流量1.0 mL/min，柱温30℃。结果原儿茶醛的线性范围在4.32～19.4 μg/mL (r=0.999 6)，加样回收率为99.78%，RSD为1.05%。结论该方法可行、重现性好，能有效控制心可舒分散片的质量。
难复性第四、五跖趾关节脱位的手术治疗

跖趾关节脱位多由直接暴力所致，好发于第一和第五跖趾关节~[1]，较常见的是近节趾骨向背侧移位，易并发跖跗关节脱位~[2]，易漏诊~[3]。第四跖骨由于受到第三和第五跖骨的保护而较少发生脱位。我们把不能采用手法闭合复位的第四、五跖趾关节同时脱位称为难复性第四、五跖趾关节脱位。在国内外文献中仅有个案病例报告~[4-5]。由于临床少见，且其解剖学机制尚不清楚，因此治疗中常出现脱位关节复位不完全，影响术后前足负重，导致足部关节的慢性损伤。本文报告4例难复性第四、五跖趾关节脱位病例的治疗方法及随访结果，并通过另1例截肢足的解剖学研究，观察并探讨难复性第四、五跖趾关节脱位的发生机制。
GWAS 2011: Opportunities and challenges

As pointed out above, the success of GWAS is essentially due to the robustness of its findings, which is the result of the adoption of vigorous study design and rigorous standards for declaring true genetic association. It is unanimously accepted that it is truly critical to maintain the same rigorous standards for next-generation GWAS, including the efforts of fine mapping and functional interrogation. Myles Axton from the Nature Genetics (NG) shared NG views on what and how these standards should be established through community efforts. This conference is truly a testimony of the growing reorganization of research advances that have been achieved in China, particular in the area of the genetic studies of human diseases.
Characterization of a novel high-tillering dwarf 3 mutant in rice

Tiller number and culm length are important components of plant architecture and determinate grain production in rice. A line SIL046, derived from an introgression lines population developed by an accession of common wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) and a high-yielding indica cultivar Guichao 2 (Oryza sativa L.), exhibits a higher tiller number and shorter culm length phenotype than the recipient parent Guichao 2 (GC2). Genetic analysis showed that the high-tillering dwarf phenotype was controlled by a novel single recessive gene, referred to as the high-tillering dwarf3 (htd3), which located within the genetic distance of 13.4 cM between SSR makers RM7003 and RM277 on chromosome 12. By means of fine-mapping strategy, we mapped HTD3 gene within the genetic distance of 2.5 cM and the physical distance of 3100 kb in the centromere of chromosome 12. Further identification of HTD3 gene would provide a new opportunity to uncover the molecular mechanism of the development of culm and tiller, two important components of yields in rice.
Effect of brain-derived neurotropic factor released from hypoxic astrocytes on gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor function in normal hippocampal neurons

Astrocytes can release increased levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor during cerebral ischemia, but it is unclear whether brain-derived neurotrophic factor affects γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor function in normal neurons. Results from this study demonstrated that γ-aminobutyric acid at 100 μmol/L concentration raised the intracellular calcium level in neurons treated with medium from cultured hypoxic astrocytes, and the rise in calcium level could be inhibited by γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor antagonist bicuculline or brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor antagonist k252a. γ-aminobutyric acid type A-gated current induced by 100 μmol/L γ-aminobutyric acid was in an inward direction in physiological conditions, but shifted to the outward direction in neurons when treated with the medium from cultured hypoxic astrocytes, and this effect could be inhibited by k252a. The reverse potential was shifted leftward to -93 mV, which could be inhibited by k252a and Na+-K+-Cl- cotransporter inhibitor bumetanide. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor was released from hypoxic astrocytes at a high level. It shifted the reverse potential of γ-aminobutyric acid type A-gated currents leftward in normal neurons by enhancing the function of Na+-K+-Cl- cotransporter, and caused γ-aminobutyric acid to exert an excitatory effect by activating γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor
扁桃体原发性髓系肉瘤一例

讨论原发性髓系肉瘤（myeloid sarcoma)是发生于髓 外，由粒细胞系不成熟前体细胞构成的实体肿瘤,仅表现为 局部孤立性肿块，并经体检、影像学及实验室检查证实髓外 髓系肿瘤是惟一的肿瘤部位，称之为原发性髓系肉瘤或非白 血病性髓系肉瘤~[1]．主要发生于皮肤、淋巴结、睾丸、肠道、 骨及中枢神经,少见于肝胆、胰腺、纵隔及腹膜后，而发生在 扁桃体的罕见报道．由于原发性髓系肉瘤较少见，且缺乏特 异性检查诊断方法，外周血象、骨髓象及全身影像学检查均 无异常，常导致临床及病理诊断困难，易漏诊或误诊．本病 诊断仍须依据病理检查，免疫组化是诊断的关键~[2]，其中髓 过氧化酶是髓系肉瘤的特异性抗原．本病仍须与弥漫大B细胞或T细胞淋巴瘤、Burkitt淋巴瘤、淋巴母细胞淋巴瘤及 尤文肉瘤等相鉴别．由于原发性髓系肉瘤的发生与骨髓增 生性疾病有关，手术切除不能根治，只能作为诊断的目的，需行全身联合化疗，并行局部放疗,有利于改善不良预后．如 果不能实施有效的化疗，则可能在髓系肉瘤发生数周或数月 后出现急性骨髓系白血病的血象及骨髓象表现．对于孤立 性髓系肉瘤，如能及时治疗，约66%的患者不会发展为白血病~[3]．目前的治疗经验普遍认为,尽管患者发生系统性白血 病风险不可避免，但彻底的手术切除后行局部放疗，且尽早 采用针对急性髓系白血病方案的全身化疗,将减少发展成急 性髓系白血病的可能性，能明显提高生存率．本例髓系肉瘤 仅表现为扁桃体肿块,仅手术切除一侧扁桃体而确诊，遗憾的是患者术后未能听取医师的建议，及时 进行全身联合化疗，以致术后半年内发生 急性粒细胞性白血病．
The Relationship Between Chinese Raw Dumpling Quality and Flour Characteristics of Shandong Winter Wheat Cultivars

Dumpling is one of the most important traditional wheat products in China. Dumpling quality is determined by the characteristics of both flour and filling, thus improvement of flour quality plays an important role in improving dumpling quality. Thirty-nine Shandong winter wheat cultivars and advanced lines sown in Jinan, Shandong Province, China, in the 2008-2009 cropping season were used to determine genetic variation in Chinese raw dumpling quality and its relationship with flour characteristics. Large variations were observed for protein quality parameters in comparison with starch properties. Variation in color of the raw dumpling sheet was broader than that of sensory evaluation parameters of boiled dumpling among tested wheat cultivars, indicating the large influence of filling on dumpling color. Two cultivars, Jimai 20 and Zimai 12, were identified as possessing very good quality of raw dumpling, and 21 cultivars and advanced lines showed good quality. Protein and total starch content influenced the L'value of raw dumpling sheets. L' value at 0 and 2 h after sheeting were significantly influenced by protein content (r=-0.46 and -0.52, P<0.01) and total starch content (r=0.55 and 0.57, P<0.01), respectively. Flour yellow pigment was significantly corrected with a* (r=-0.67 and -0.62, P<0.01) and b* (r=0.87 and 0.84, P<0.01) value of raw dumpling sheets at 0 and 2 h after sheeting, respectively. Gluten strength parameters such as farinograph mixing tolerance index (MTI, r=-0.55, P<0.01) were positively associated with appearance. MTI and energy were also significantly and positively correlated with elasticity of raw dumpling, with r=-0.54 and 0.47 (P<0.01). The positive relationships between peak viscosity (r=0.51, P<0.01), breakdown (r=0.54, P<0.01), and smoothness of raw dumpling were also observed. Therefore, it is suggested that breeding programs should give more attention to gluten strength and starch pasting parameters for raw dumpling quality improvement.
Genetic Analysis on Characteristics to Measure Drought Resistance Using Dongxiang Wild Rice (Oryza rufupogon Griff.) and Its Derived Backcross Inbred Lines Population at Seedling Stage

Drought stress is one of the major constraints to rice (Oryza sativa L.) production and yield stability especially in rainfed ecosystems and is getting worse as the climate changes worldwide. Dongxiang wild rice (DXWR) Oryza rufipogon Griff., contains drought resistant gene. Improving drought resistance of cultivars is crucial to increase and stabilize rice grain yield via transferring resistant gene from species related to rice. In this paper, four upland rice, sixty backcross inbred lines (BILs) derived from BC1F5 of R974//DXWR/R974, and their parents were employed to evaluate drought-resistance at seedling stage in the greenhouse. Nine traits were recorded for assessment of drought resistance, including maximum root length (MRL), number of roots (NR), shoot length (SL), dry root weight (DRW), fresh root weight (FRW), root relative water content (RRWC), leaf relative water content (LRWC), level for rolling leaf (LRL), and seedling survivability under repeat drought (SSRD). Using more than 88% of accumulative contribution resulted from the principal component analysis (PCA), the nine traits were classified into five independent principal components and the line 1949 showed the highest resistance. Analysis on the stepwise regression equation and correlation demonstrated that MRL, RN, FRW, and RRWC significantly influenced the drought resistance, thus could be used as comprehensive index for drought resistance at the seedling stage. Using the major gene plus polygene mixed inheritance model of quantitative traits, the inheritance of drought-resistance of BIL population at seedling stage was mostly controlled by two independent genes plus polygene. As a result, the DXWR could be precious resources for genetic improvement of drought resistance in cultivated rice.
Raising on Water Stocking Density Reduces Geese Reproductive Performances via Water Bacteria and Lipopolysaccharide Contaminations in "Geese-Fish" Production System

This study was carried out to unravel the mechanism of reductions in production performances in high stocking density geese flocks during summer months in "geese-fish" production system. Experiment 1 observed the water bacterial growth, lipopolysaccharde concentrations in water and geese blood, and geese reproductive performances from summer to winter, in two flocks with varying on water stocking densities. Results showed that counts of total bacteria, Escherichia coli and Salmonella in water, as well as water and geese plasma LPS concentrations, exhibited a tendency decreasing from the highest levels in summer, to intermediate levels in autumn, and to the lowest values in winter. Such seasonal decreases in bacteria and LPS concentrations were associated with similar seasonal decreases in embryo mortality during incubation. In addition, embryos dead or showing development retardation by day 25 of incubation contained copious LPS in allantoic fluid, in contrast to the negligible amount in normal developing embryos. Raising on water stocking density elevated bacteria counts, LPS concentrations in water and geese plasma, and decreased egg fertility but increased embryo mortality during incubation. In experiment 2, exogenous LPS treatment to the geese depressed egg laying, reduced egg hatchability, caused sickness behavior in the goslings hatched. In experiment 3, exogenous LPS directly administered to day 8 and 18 embryos during incubation dose dependently increased mortality and decreased hatchability, and caused sickness behavior in the goslings hatched. It is concluded that the raising on water geese stocking density stimulates pathogenic bacteria growth in water, which via LPS contamination impaires embryo development in incubation and therefore reduces geese reproductive performance and gosling quality during the hot summer months.
Effects of Consecutively Monocultured Rehmannia glutinosa L. on Diversity of Fungal Community in Rhizospheric Soil

Continuous monoculture problems, or replanting diseases, are one of the key factors affecting productivity and quality of Chinese medicinal plants. The underlying mechanism is still being explored. Most of the studies on continuous monoculture of Rehmannia glutinosa L. are focused on plant nutritional physiology, root exudate, and its autotoxicity. However, the changes in the diversity of microflora in the rhizosphere mediated by the continuous monoculture pattern have been remained unknown. In this study, terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) technique was used for fingerprinting fungal diversity in the rhizosphere soil sampled from the fields of R. glutinosa monocultured for 1 and 2 yr. The results showed that the structure of fungal community in consecutively moncultured rhizosphere soil was different from that in control soil (no cropping soil), and varied with the consecutive monoculture years (1 and 2 yr). The comprehensive evaluation index (D) of fungal community estimated by principal component analysis of fragment number, peak area, Shannon-Weiner index, and Margalef index was higher in 1 yr monoculture soil than that in 2 yr monoculture soil, suggesting that consecutive monoculture of R. glutinosa could be a causative agent to decrease the diversity of fungal community in the rhizosphere soil.
Insecticidal Constructure and Bioactivities of Compounds from Ficus sarmentosa var. henryi

Insecticidal activities of the petroleum ether-, chloroform-, ethyl acetate-, and water-soluble fractions of the methanolic extract of Ficus sarmentosa var. henryi were assayed against Musca domestica adults. The chloroform- and ethyl acetate-soluble fractions were the most active with 92.6 and 88.9% mortalities (24 h after treatment) respectively. Therefore, the two fractions were combined and four compounds, isolated from the fractions by activity-guided fractionation, were elucidated as 7-hydroxycoumarin, apigenin, eriodictyol, and quercetin by spectroscopic method and displayed excellent insecticidal activities against adults of M. domestica and 4th instar larva of Aedes albopictus. Among those, 7-hydroxycoumarin showed the strongest insecticidal activities with lethal concentrations (LC_(50)) values of 72.13 μg g~(-1) sugar and 4.87 μg mL~(-1) (48 h after treatment) against the test insects respectively. The cytoxicities of these compounds on BTI-Tn-5B1-4 cell were also investigated for the insecticidal mechanism and found that quercetin represented superior inhibitory activity with MTT assay and reactive oxygen species (ROS) against BTI-Tn-5B1-4 cell, but slightly weaker than that of the positive control (azadirachtin) and significantly greater than the negative control (DMSO only). Meanwhile, eriodictyol demonstrated the strongest effect on the mitochondrial membrane potentials (MMP). In conclusion, based on their comparative toxicities to commercial insecticides and their cytotoxic effects, some of the compounds from the F. sarmentosa have potential as botanical insecticides.
获得性血友病A-例

患者男，70岁，无明显诱因出现皮肤瘀斑1个月余，双 侧膝关节肿痛1周，于2010年12月4日入住河北省衡水市 哈励逊国际和平医院，既往无出血性疾病史及家族史。查 体：体温36.5oC qC，脉搏74次／分，血压142/85 mm Hg(l mm Hg =0. 133 kPa)，四肢可见片状瘀斑，腹部散在出血点，压之 不褪色。膝关节肿胀，皮温略高，皮色无著变，活动时疼痛， 双下肢指凹性水肿。腹部、泌尿系B超及胸透检查均未见异常。
早熟高产优质春小麦新品种一新春30号

新春30号是新疆农业科学院核技术生物技术研究所1996年以优质强筋品种新春9号为母本，超高产品种新春6号为父本杂交，当代杂交种子经~60Co-y射线辐照，多带单株、单穗选择，温室、南繁加代，于２００１年育成的新品系。２００９年通过新疆自治区农作物品种审定委员会审定。
优质弱筋抗条锈春小麦新品种一临麦33号

临麦33号是甘肃省临夏州农科所以F2(92元-11)为母本，贵农20号为父本杂交，用系谱法培育而成的优质、弱筋、高产、抗病、落黄好的春小麦新品种。该品种2007年通过甘肃省农作物品种审定委员会审定定名，品种登记号为甘审麦 2007001。
论类比方法在《内经》中的运用

类比方法是指对于两类不同的事物，在比较的基础上，找到、抓住它们之间的相似之处，并以此为根据，将关于一类事物的知识，迁移、推广到另一类事物上的思维方法。《内经》在探索和论证人体生理病理规律、构建疾病诊疗体系时，大量采用了类比方法。类比方法在《内经》理论体系框架构建过程中发挥了重要作用，但亦有其局限之处。
Practical approaches to effective management of intestinal radiation injury: Benefit of resectional surgery

AIM: To study the outcome of patients undergoing surgical resection of the bowel for sustained radiation-induced damage intractable to conservative management. METHODS: During a 7-year period we operated on 17 cases (5 male, 12 female) admitted to our surgical department with intestinal radiation injury (IRI). They were originally treated for a pelvic malignancy by surgical resection followed by postoperative radiotherapy. During follow-up, they developed radiation enteritis requiring surgical treatment due to failure of conservative management. RESULTS: IRI was located in the terminal ileum in 12 patients, in the rectum in 2 patients, in the descending colon in 2 patients, and in the cecum in one patient. All patients had resection of the affected region(s). There were no postoperative deaths, while 3 cases presented with postoperative complications (17.7%). All patients remained free of symptoms without evidence of recurrence of IRI for a median follow-up period of 42 mo (range, 6-96 mo). CONCLUSION: We report a favorable outcome without IRI recurrence of 17 patients treated by resection of the diseased bowel segment.
不同直径柱状气囊乳头扩张术后近期并发症的临床观察

总之，EPBD术后并发症较少，可作为取石前乳 头处理的方法之一．不同直径柱状气囊间的术后胰 腺炎的发生率无明显差别，临床上可根据患者的具 体情况选择不同直径的气囊．
合并肝细胞脂肪变性的慢性乙型肝炎患者调节性T淋巴细胞的变化及其意义

本研究旨在通过检测合并肝细胞脂肪变性的慢性乙型肝 炎(CHB)患者外周血CD4~+CD25~+T淋巴细胞水平与肝组织 中Foxp3的表达，探讨肝细胞脂肪变性对CHB患者调节性 T淋巴细胞(Tregs)的影响及其意义，现报道如下．
新疆维吾尔族人群中HBV基因亚型与核心启动子区、前C区及核心区基因变异的关系

C基因基本核心启动子区(BCP)的T1762/A1764双突 变和前C区的A1896终止变异影响HBeAg的状态，可能与 HBV的持续感染和HCC有关~([1-2])．我们分析了新疆维吾尔族 慢性HBV感染者HBV基因亚型与C区和前C区变异的关系， 旨在了解维吾尔族慢性HBV感染者的HBV共性及特性．
和肽素—一种新的、独立的缺血性卒中的预后标记

缺血性卒中以其高发病率和高致残率成为当前严重威胁人类健康的一大类重要疾病。在我国，多年来其发病率、死亡率、致残率在疾病谱中一直处于前三位。下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(HPA)轴的激活是缺血性卒中的内分泌紊乱表现，它的过度激活可加重卒中的严重性，是脑缺血的第一个可测量的病理反应~([1])。和肽素是反映HPA轴激活水平的敏感指标，有望成为反映卒中严重性及预后判断的生物标志，我们就和肽素在缺血性卒中这一疾病中的作用做一综述。
解读《国际抗癫痫联盟遗传委员会报告——癫痫的基因检测》

在某些情况下，突变的发现并不能提供关于表型的信 息，因此，对治疗或预后也无多少价值．最佳例子就是 GEFS+家系中SCN1A错义突变，与其相关的表型可以从良 性的热性惊厥到严重的癫痫性脑病．热性惊厥不需要治疗 且有良好的预后，然而Dravet综合征却需要长期治疗．需要 引起重视的是新生截断突变很可能与Dravet综合征相关，因 此，电临床综合征如Dravet综合征的诊断如果能早期得到突 变分析的支持（如SCN1A基因），就会因能对其采取更积极 的治疗方式，而潜在地改善该综合征的进展．
静脉源性搏动性耳鸣

耳鸣可分为搏动性耳鸣(pulsatile tinnitus, PT)和非搏动性耳鸣(non - pulsatile tinnitus, NPT)，以非搏动性耳鸣为多见，搏动性耳鸣只占其中的一小部分~([1])。搏动性耳鸣多由血管因素导致~([2])，主要是由于血管狭窄或不规则导致的血流紊乱引起，根据血管来源可分为动脉源性搏动性耳鸣和静脉源性搏动性耳鸣[3]．动脉源性致病因素包括动脉粥样硬化导致的血管狭窄和动脉瘤、颅底及颞骨血管性肿瘤、硬脑膜动静脉畸形、硬脑膜动静脉瘘、颅内及颅外动脉瘤、心输出量增加、高血压、骨Paget病、耳硬化症等。静脉源性致病因素主要有特发性颅内高压综合征(idiopathic intracranial hypertension, IIH)、颈静脉球畸形、中脑导水管狭窄引起的脑积水、与Chian综合征有关的颅内压增高、异常的髁状及乳突导静脉、横窦或乙状窦狭窄、乙状窦憩室(sigmoid sinus di- verticulum)以及特发性耳鸣等。
肘关节镜的临床技术

1931年Burman首先尝试肘关节镜，他最初感觉到：肘关节不适合关节镜检查并认为“前路肘关节穿刺没有问题，而后路穿刺难以满足手术目的”,1年以后他修正了自己的观点，认为关节镜可以看清肘关节内部。过去25年内，肘关节镜的适当证不断扩大，虽然肘关节镜对普通骨科医生来讲是不多见的手术，但关节镜设备的、技术的进步，临床经验的不断累积，肘关节镜已是诊治肘关节内病变安全、有效的工具。关节镜的经验和准确的肘部神经、血管解剖知识是安全实施的肘关节镜的基础。
消毒供应中心对外来手术器械灭菌质量管理探讨

自2009年下半年开始，我院消毒供应中心将外来手术器械纳入消毒供应中心标准化管理流程，由供应中心专业人员清洗、包装和灭菌，从而减少造成医院感染的潜在危险
内镜清洗人员职业危害与防护

内镜室是一个高危科室，清洗人员每天清洗内镜时都要接触患者的血液、体液、分泌液等，直接受到交叉感染的威胁。此外，还受到各种有害因子的侵袭，因此，做好内镜清洗人员职业防护十分重要。
农村社区医院感染管理存在的问题与对策

随着《医院感染管理办法》等相关法律法规的颁布和实施，农村社区医院感染管理工作取得了一定的进步，但对照规范和标准，仍存在诸多问题，笔者从2007-2010年参加了农村社区医院感染管理检查，现将问题及对策总结如下。
门诊抽血室血液性职业暴露的防护措施

血源性职业暴露是指工作人员在从事疾病的诊疗、护理等工作过程中，暴露于被病毒感染的血液、体液，污染了皮肤、黏膜等非肠道黏膜，或被污染的针头及其他锐器刺破皮肤或工作中被实验动物或患者抓伤等，导致血源性病原菌感染的危险。门诊抽血室护士经常暴露于被感染的血液中，因此，预防血源性疾病的传播有极其重要的意义。
肝腔静脉结合部解剖及其在肝静脉阻断术中的应用

目前，手术切除仍是肝癌治疗的主要手段。肝脏血供丰富，手术切除过程中出现大出血仍是肝脏手术的一大困扰。近年来肝血流阻断技术日渐成熟和丰富，针对肝脏肿瘤，尤其是特殊部位肿瘤或者巨大肿瘤，合理选择血流阻断方式能够减少术中出血，降低术后肝功能衰竭的发生率~([1-2])。肝腔静脉结合部肿瘤切除术中最严重的并发症是肝静脉撕裂造成大出血或空气栓塞~([3])，采用肝静脉阻断技术能有效降低上述并发症发生率~([4])。但是在肝外分离阻断肝静脉有一定的技术难度，使得该项技术尚未普及。为了能使肝静脉分离阻断技术获得更广泛的开展，让广大肝胆外科医生能较好的掌握肝静脉血流阻断技术，有必要对肝腔静脉结合部的解剖特点进行详细介绍。本文结合我们550例肝切除术中肝静脉分离阻断的体会，就该部位的解剖结构和肝静脉分离阻断技术要点做一详细介绍。