mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
TRDN基因变异致Triadin敲除综合征1例

患儿女, 2岁6月龄,因"呼吸、心搏骤停后5 h"转入郑州大学附属儿童医院,主要临床表现为心搏骤停、晕厥、无自主呼吸、抽搐。心电图可见单发、成对室性早搏以及多形性室性心动过速,予持续机械通气、抗感染、脑保护、美托洛尔等治疗,遗留有言语和语言障碍、肌无力。基因检测结果提示患儿TRDN基因存在c.326delT(p.Leu109CysfsTer25)纯合变异,确诊为Triadin敲除综合征,后继续予美托洛尔治疗,随访7个月未发生心脏事件。
青少年期进入终末期肾病的法布雷病1例

男性患儿,11岁出现皮疹,12岁出现肢端疼痛,14岁发现晨起眼睑水肿、泡沫尿,15岁时肢端疼痛难忍,尿蛋白4+就诊。辅助检查示,血压137/97 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),尿蛋白6.94 g/ 24 h,血肌酐124.7 μmol/L,尿素氮7.38 mmo1/L,尿酸582 μmol/L。超声心动图检查示左心室心肌普遍性稍增厚。肾穿刺活检组织病理见大量髓样小体。α-半乳糖苷酶A活性0.31。全外显子基因检测示GLA有一个半合子突变c.974G>A(p.G325D)。诊断法布雷病,慢性肾脏病3期。2020年8月20日起启动酶替代疗法,予阿加糖酶β 40 mg(约0.9 mg/kg)每2周输注1次,2021年1月1日起阿加糖酶β 40 mg每3周输注1次。2021年7月28日调整阿加糖酶β 45 mg(约1 mg/kg)每周输注2次。经酶替代疗法治疗1年余,血肌酐进行性升高至702 μmol/L,16岁9个月时迅速进展至终末期肾病尿毒症期,予腹膜透析治疗,17岁行肾移植术,目前继续规律酶替代疗法。通过对该病病因、临床特征、诊疗等进行归纳总结,为早期诊断、治疗及后续研究提供参考依据。
Preliminary results of the global ocean tide derived from HY-2A radar altimeter data

The HY-2A satellite,which is equipped with a radar altimeter and was launched on August 16,2011,is the first Chinese marine dynamic environmental monitoring satellite.Extracting ocean tides is one of the important applications of the radar altimeter data.The radar altimeter data of the HY-2A satellite from November 1,2011 to August 16,2014 are used herein to extract global ocean tides.The constants representing the tidal constituents are extracted by HY-2A RA data with harmonic analysis based on the least squares method.Considering tide aliasing issues,the analysis of the alias periods and alias synodic periods of different tidal constituents shows that only the tidal constituents M_2,N_2,and K_2 are retrieved precisely by the HY-2A RA data.The derived tidal constants of the tidal constituents M_2,N_2 and K_2 are compared to those of tidal gauge data and the TPXO tide model results.The comparison between the derived results and the tidal gauge data shows that the RMSEs of the tidal amplitude and phase lag are 9.6 cm and 13.34°,2.4 cm and 10.47°,and 8.1 cm and 14.19° for tidal constituents M_2,N_2,and K_2,respectively.The comparisons of the semidiurnal tides with the TPXO model results show that tidal constituents have good consistency with the TPXO model results.These findings confirm the good performance of HY-2A RA for retrieving semidiurnal tides in the global ocean.
Enhancement of Carrier Mobility in Semiconductor Nanostructures by Carrier Distribution Engineering

Two-dimensional(2D)van der Waals semiconductors are appealing for low-power transistors. Here, we show the feasibility in enhancing carrier mobility in 2D semiconductors through engineering the vertical distribution of carriers confined inside ultrathin channels via symmetrizing gate configuration or increasing channel thickness. Through self-consistently solving the Schrodinger-Poisson equations, the shapes of electron envelope functions are extensively investigated by clarifying their relationship with gate configuration, channel thickness, dielectric permittivity, and electron density. The impacts of electron distribution variation on various carrier scattering matrix elements and overall carrier mobility are insightfully clarified. It is found that the carrier mobility can be generally enhanced in the dual-gated configuration due to the centralization of carrier redistribution in the nanometer-thick semiconductor channels and the rate of increase reaches up to 23% in HfO_2 dual-gated 10-layer MoS_2 channels. This finding represents a viable strategy for performance optimization in transistors consisting of 2D semiconductors.
Engineering Knill-Laflamme-Milburn Entanglement via Dissipation and Coherent Population Trapping in Rydberg Atoms

We present a scheme for dissipatively preparing bipartite Knill-Laflamme-Milburn(KLM)entangled state in a neutral atom system, where the spontaneous emission of excited Rydberg states, combined with the coherent population trapping, is actively exploited to engineer a steady KLM state from an arbitrary initial state. Instead of commonly used antiblockade dynamics of two Rydberg atoms, we particularly utilize the Rydberg-Rydberg interaction as the pumping source to drive the undesired states so that it is unnecessary to satisfy a certain relation with laser detuning. The numerical simulation of the master equation signifies that both the fidelity and the purity above 98% is available with the current feasible parameters, and the corresponding steady-state fidelity is robust to the variations of the dynamical parameters.
Efficiency-loss analysis of monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells by identifying the patterns of a dual two-diode model’s current-voltage curves

In this work, we developed a simple and direct circuit model with a dual two-diode model that can be solved by a SPICE numerical simulation to comprehensively describe the monolithic perovskite/crystalline silicon (PVS/c-Si) tandem solar cells. We are able to reveal the effects of different efficiency-loss mechanisms based on the illuminated current density-voltage (J-V), semi-log dark J-V, and local ideality factor (m-V) curves. The effects of the individual efficiency-loss mechanism on the tandem cell’s efficiency are discussed, including the exp(V/VT) and exp(V/2VT) recombination, the whole cell’s and subcell’s shunts, and the Ohmic-contact or Schottky-contact of the intermediate junction. We can also fit a practical J-V curve and find a specific group of parameters by the trial-and-error method. Although the fitted parameters are not a unique solution, they are valuable clues for identifying the efficiency loss with the aid of the cell’s structure and experimental processes. This method can also serve as an open platform for analyzing other tandem solar cells by substituting the corresponding circuit models. In summary, we developed a simple and effective methodology to diagnose the efficiency-loss source of a monolithic PVS/c-Si tandem cell, which is helpful to researchers who wish to adopt the proper approaches to improve their solar cells.
Insights into flavonoid biosynthesis during cucumber fruit peel coloration based on metabolite profiling and transcriptome analyses

The fruit peel color is a crucial trait of cucumber.To better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying cucumber peel coloration,we compared the UPLC-ESI-MS/MS-based flavonoid metabolomic and RNA sequencing-based transcriptomic profiling of the brown peeled cucumber line ‘PW' at six developmental stages.A total of 210 flavonoid metabolites were identified.Of which,117 flavonoid metabolites were differentially accumulated.In this study,weighted gene co-expression network analysis combined with Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes enrichment analysis revealed key genes coding for seven enzymes and eight transcription factors (TFs) associated with flavonoid biosynthesis.Among them,the R2R3MYB CsaV3_4G001130 is the best candidate gene that is responsible for controlling mature fruit colors in cucumber.Sanger sequencing revealed one nonsynonymous SNP in the exon of CsaV3_4G001130 among the selected 11 cucumber lines,which introduced a premature stop codon,generating a truncated protein in pale yellow or creamy peeled fruits.Yeast two-hybrid assays showed a direct interaction of CsaV3_4G001130 with the bHLH TF CsaV3_1G002260 and the WD40 protein CsaV3_5G001800.However,the interactions were influenced by the nonsynonymous SNP we identified.Our finding revealed that the integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis further demonstrated that the abundance of some pigmented flavonoids (especially anthocyanins and chalcones) contributed to the coloration of ‘PW' fruits.These findings pave the way for elucidation of flavonoid biosynthesis and improvement of cucumber peel color in the future.
Experimental study on uniaxial ratchetting-fatigue interaction of extruded AZ31 magnesium alloy with different plastic deformation mechanisms

The uniaxial ratchetting-fatigue interaction of extruded AZ31 magnesium (Mg) alloy is investigated by uniaxial stress-controlled cyclic tests at room temperature and with addressing the roles of different plastic deformation mechanisms. Different stress levels are prescribed to reflect the cyclic plasticity of the alloy controlled by diverse deformation mechanisms (i.e., dislocation slipping, deformation twinning and detwinning ones), and then the influences of stress level and stress rate on the ratchetting and fatigue life are discussed. The experimental results demonstrate that different evolution characteristics of whole-life ratchetting and fatigue life presented during cyclic tests with various mean stresses, stress amplitudes and stress rates are determined by the dominated plastic deformation mechanisms. It's worth noting that the ratchetting can occur in the compressive direction even in the cyclic tests with a positive (tensile) mean stress, and the fatigue life increases first and then decreases with the increase of mean stress on account of the interaction between dislocation slipping and twinning/detwinning mechanisms. Comparing the fatigue lives obtained in the asymmetric stress-controlled and symmetrical strain-controlled cycle tests, it is seen that the ratchetting deformation causes an additional damage, and then leads to a shortening of fatigue life.
寡糖螯合亚铁对妊娠母猪繁殖性能和血红蛋白含量的影响

试验旨在探究妊娠后期母猪饲粮中添加一种新型的寡糖螯合亚铁替代甘氨酸亚铁对母猪繁殖性能的影响。选用40头妊娠85 d、平均胎龄为4.37、体况相近的长×大二元经产母猪,完全随机分为2个处理组,每组20个重复,每个重复1头猪。对照组饲喂含有甘氨酸亚铁(150 mg/kg)的饲粮,试验组饲喂寡糖螯合亚铁(150 mg/kg)的饲粮。试验期从妊娠85 d至母猪分娩。结果表明:妊娠后期母猪饲粮中添加寡糖螯合亚铁等量替代甘氨酸亚铁对产活仔数、初生健仔数(≥1 kg)、产死胎数、木乃伊数、仔猪初生重和初生窝重均无显著影响;妊娠后期母猪饲粮中添加寡糖螯合亚铁等量替代甘氨酸亚铁对分娩时母猪血液和初生仔猪脐带血中血红蛋白含量影响没有显著差异。由此可见,妊娠后期母猪饲粮中添加寡糖螯合亚铁等量替代甘氨酸亚铁对母猪繁殖性能和母仔猪血红蛋白含量没有负面影响。
α - 硫辛酸、酵母铬对绵羊激素水平、免疫功能和抗氧化性能的影响

试验旨在研究α -硫辛酸(α-LA)、酵母铬(CY)对绵羊激素水平、免疫功能和抗氧化性能的影响。选取28只体重为35~40 kg、5~6月龄的健康杜×湖杂交公绵羊(杜泊♂ ×湖羊♀),采用2×2完全随机试验设计,随机分成4组,每组7个重复,每个重复1只羊,对照组饲喂基础饲粮(CTL组),试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加600 mg/kg α-LA(α-LA组)、0.5 mg/kg CY(CY组)、600 mg/kg α-LA和0.5 mg/kg CY(MIX组),预试期7 d,正试期60 d。结果表明:α-LA组、CY组、MIX组生长激素(GH)含量均高于CTL组(P <0.01);与CTL组相比,α-LA组皮质醇(CORT)含量降低(P <0.05);α-LA和CY对绵羊血浆总蛋白(TP)、GH有互作效应(P <0.05、P <0.01);α-LA组、CY组、MIX组中白介素-1β(IL-1β)含量均低于CTL组(P <0.01);与CTL组相比,CY组和MIX组中免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量降低(P <0.01),而α-LA组升高(P <0.01); α-LA和CY对绵羊血清中热休克蛋白90(HSP90)、IL-1β和IgG均有互作效应(P <0.05、P <0.01);α-LA组、 MIX组中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)含量略高于CTL组(P >0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加α-LA和CY对绵羊的生长发育有一定促进作用,并对绵羊的代谢和免疫功能有一定影响。
芦丁对玉米赤霉烯酮诱导的雌鼠生殖器官损伤的缓解作用

试验旨在研究芦丁对玉米赤霉烯酮诱导的雌鼠生殖器官损伤的缓解作用。采用2×2双因素试验设计,将24只28~34日龄的昆明系雌鼠随机分为4组,即对照组(基础日粮)、芦丁组(基础日粮+500 mg/kg芦丁)、ZEN组(基础日粮+10 mg/kg ZEN)、ZEN+芦丁组(基础日粮+500 mg/kg芦丁+10 mg/kg ZEN),每组6个重复,每个重复1只鼠。预试期7 d,正试期28 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,日粮ZEN可导致小鼠子宫器官指数下降(P <0.05),导致卵巢组织生长卵泡与凋亡卵泡增多,下调血清雌二醇(E_2)水平(P <0.01),下调卵巢StAR、CYP11A1基因表达量(P <0.05),上调小鼠卵巢内Caspase 8基因表达水平(P <0.05);日粮中添加芦丁可使卵巢组织中生长卵泡增多,上调血清E_2水平(P <0.05);芦丁与ZEN对卵巢器官指数、血清睾酮(T)、促卵泡素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)含量及卵巢Caspase 3基因表达水平存在交互效应(P <0.05),芦丁通过抑制卵巢细胞凋亡、调控卵巢生殖与凋亡相关基因表达、调控生殖激素的分泌,从而促进卵泡生长和卵巢发育,缓解ZEN对雌鼠生殖系统的毒性。
东北地区封闭式保育猪舍有害气体分布规律研究

本试验旨在探讨东北地区封闭式保育猪舍内有害气体的分布规律及对仔猪健康的影响。选取辽宁省某一猪场内保育猪舍进行研究,该猪舍饲养着3 000头21日龄5.6 kg的断奶仔猪,饲养密度为0.35m~3/头,研究于2021年3月-2021年4月对舍内温度、相对湿度以及氨气(NH_3)、硫化氢(H_2S)和一氧化碳(CO)浓度进行为期5周的监测研究,并统计分析了舍内前部和后部栏位猪只的健康指标。结果表明:现代化封闭式保育舍内NH_3、H_2S和CO气体浓度均符合《规猪场环境参数及环境管理》规定,日内呈现周期性变化,NH_3、CO白天浓度均低于夜间;舍内前部水平位置NH_3浓度低于中、后部区域(P <0.05);垂直高度各气体浓度均无显著性差异;而不同周次间存在显著差异(P <0.05),NH_3和H_2S浓度随周次的增加而增加,CO浓度则反之;在温湿度与各气体的相关分析中,湿度与NH_3和CO浓度存在显著正相关(r=0.926,r=0.921,P <0.01);在健康状况方面,在气体浓度存在显著差异的区域中,咳喘率、咬耳和咬尾损伤率均无显著差异(4.53%.vs 5.98%、7.70%.vs 8.66%、2.22%.vs 2.25%)。综上,本研究阐明了东北地区封闭式保育猪舍内有害气体的分布规律及对猪只健康的影响,为实现封闭式猪舍内的科学化通风管理提供理论依据。
月桂酸铜对禽致病性大肠杆菌O78感染蛋鸡生产性能、免疫和抗氧化功能以及肠道微生物区系的影响

试验旨在探究不同剂量月桂酸铜对禽致病性大肠杆菌(Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli,APEC, E.coli)O78感染蛋鸡产蛋性能、蛋品质、免疫、抗氧化功能和回肠微生物的影响。将360只55周龄蛋鸡随机分为5处理组,阴性对照组(C)饲喂基础日粮且腹腔注射300 μL生理盐水,阳性感染对照组(C+)饲喂基础日粮且腹腔注射300 μL浓度为10~5 CFU/mL的E.coli O78菌液,200(L+)、400(M+)、600 mg/ kg(H+)月桂酸铜感染组分别饲喂基础日粮中添加200、400、600 mg/kg月桂酸铜的日粮且腹腔注射300 μL浓度为105 CFU/mL的E.coli O78菌液。结果表明:与C组相比,单纯E.coli O78感染组蛋鸡的产蛋率、平均日采食量、平均日产蛋重、合格蛋率和蛋形指数均降低(P <0.05),而死亡率和肝脏E.coli负载增加(P <0.05)。与C+组相比,添加月桂酸铜线性地提高了E.coli O78感染蛋鸡蛋形指数(P <0.05),线性降低了蛋重和肝脏E.coli载量(P <0.05);蛋黄颜色、回肠中E.coli和沙门氏菌丰度以及肝脏丙二醛(MDA)含量与月桂酸铜添加剂量呈现显著的二次效应(P <0.05);添加低剂量月桂酸铜上调了感染蛋鸡肝脏的热应激蛋白60(HSP60)mRNA表达,下调了白介素8(IL-8)mRNA表达(P <0.05)。因此,日粮补充200 mg/kg月桂酸铜对大肠杆菌O78感染引起的蛋鸡产蛋性能的下降、肠道菌群紊乱、肠道炎症和氧化应激有缓解作用,而中、高剂量的月桂酸铜会加重O78诱发的炎症反应和氧化应激。
发酵豆粕对母猪繁殖性能、仔猪生长性能及血液生化指标的影响

试验旨在研究用不同水平发酵豆粕替代日粮中普通豆粕对母猪的繁殖性能、仔猪生长性能及血清中胰岛素样生长因子(IGF-1)和免疫球蛋白(Ig)的影响。选用体况相近的后备母猪60头,随机分为4组,每组15头,各处理发酵豆粕替代水平分别为0%、4%、8%、12%。采用单因素试验设计,试验分为妊娠到分娩、分娩到仔猪断奶2个阶段,从产仔开始采样和记录数据。结果表明:12%处理组母猪的泌乳力高于对照组(P <0.05)和4%、8%处理组(P <0.01),产仔数较对照组提高13.73%;初生重、21 d及28 d的平均个体重、断奶平均日增重都高于其他处理组(P <0.05);而各发酵豆粕组21~28 d的平均个体重均高于对照组(P <0.01);饲喂发酵豆粕能够提高仔猪成活率(P <0.01);12%处理组中仔猪血清中胰岛素样生长因子(IGF-1)高于对照组和4 %处理组(P <0.05);与对照组相比,12%处理组可提高仔猪血清中IgG和IgA的含量(P <0.01)。由此可见,母猪日粮中添加12%发酵豆粕替代普通豆粕能明显改善母猪的繁殖性能,提高仔猪的生产性能和机体免疫力。
不同净能水平日粮对不同体重阶段猪生长性能和能量摄入量的影响

试验旨在研究不同净能水平的日粮对不同体重阶段猪的生长性能和能量摄入量的影响。试验1选择12头初始体重(24.50±0.96)kg的杜×长×大三元杂交健康去势公猪,随机分为3组,每组4个重复,每个重复1头猪。3个日粮处理分别为低净能水平日粮(9.63 MJ/kg)、中净能水平即对照组日粮(10.26 MJ/kg)和高净能水平日粮(10.89 MJ/kg)。试验采用拉丁方设计连续进行7期,每6天为1期。试验2选择180头体重(75.4±1.4)kg的三元杂交健康猪,按体重和性别将猪随机分为5个组,每组5个重复,每个重复6头猪(3公3母),日粮净能水平分别为8.87、9.14、9.41、9.69、9.96 MJ/kg。试验1结果表明:相较于对照组,高净能组与低净能组猪的日采食量下降(P <0.05);高净能组的饲料转化率和日增重均高于低净能组(P <0.05)。试验2结果表明:猪日粮净能值为9.69、9.96 MJ/kg时,猪的耗料增重比最低(P =0.09)。由此可见,日粮净能水平的增加会降低猪的采食量,改善饲料转化率;猪体重阶段在75~100 kg时,适宜的日粮净能水平为9.69 MJ/kg。
PRLR基因多态性与深县猪繁殖性能的关联分析

实验旨在研究催乳素受体(PRLR)基因多态性对深县猪繁殖性能的影响。通过PCR-RFLP技术结合混合池一代测序技术检测基因多态性,并与71头深县猪的繁殖性能进行关联分析,结果显示PRLR基因外显子8有2个突变位点,分别为A394G和A44G位点。A394G位点上存在AA、AG和GG 3种基因型,其中AG基因型个体的初生窝重显著高于GG基因型个体;A44G位点上存在AA、AG和GG 3种基因型,其中AG基因型个体的总产仔数显著高于GG基因型个体。各位点皆为错义突变,且均处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态(P>0.05)。因此,PRLR基因多态性与深县猪的繁殖性状显著相关,可作为深县猪分子遗传育种的候选基因。
葡萄籽原花青素对育肥猪生长性能、养分消化及粪便菌群的影响

试验旨在研究葡萄籽原花青素(Grape Seed Procyanidins,GSPs)对育肥猪生长性能、养分消化以及粪便菌群的影响。选取96头平均体重为70.16 kg的杜×长×大三元杂交猪按照单因素完全随机设计分为4个组,每组6个重复栏,每栏4头猪。对照组饲喂基础日粮,GSPs组在基础日粮中分别添加100、150、200 mg/kg GSPs。预试期5 d,试验期28 d。结果表明:日粮中添加不同浓度的GSPs对育肥猪生长性能无显著影响,但降低了粗蛋白质的表观消化率(P <0.001);150、200 mg/kg GSPs组有机物的表观消化率低于对照组(P <0.001);随着GSPs添加量的增加,猪粪便中厚壁菌门的相对丰度降低(P <0.05),拟杆菌门升高(P <0.05),变形菌门降低(P <0.05);添加GSPs后乳杆菌科、梭菌科、瘤胃菌科的UCG-005 、UCG-002、UCG-014菌属的相对丰度降低,而普雷沃氏菌科_NK3B31_group 、普雷沃氏菌科_UCG-001、拟普雷沃氏菌属、产粪甾醇真细菌的相对丰度增加。由此可见,育肥猪日粮中添加GSPs虽然降低了养分的消化率,但是提高了一些有益菌的丰度,降低了一些病原菌的丰度,改善了菌群组成,因而促进了肠道健康,对育肥猪的生长性能未产生显著影响。
结节性硬化症合并多发视网膜星形细胞错构瘤

患儿男性,8岁。因癫痫发作于解放军空军军医大学第一附属医院神经内科诊断为结节性硬化症,请求眼科会诊检查眼底。眼部检查:视力右眼为0.6(矫正不提高),左眼为0.8;双眼眼压正常,眼前节未见异常;右眼视网膜颞下血管弓处可见直径约1个视盘直径的圆形灰白色隆起病灶,左眼未见明显病灶(精粹图片1)。相干光层析成像术(optical coherence tomography,OCT)检查:右眼视盘下方瘤体处视网膜呈圆顶状隆起,反射信号增强,轻微遮蔽下方组织,其表面神经纤维层增厚,压迫下方视网膜内层结构,玻璃体后皮质部分脱离,并与瘤体顶部局限粘连;红外光反射示视网膜瘤体呈弱反射(精粹图片2中A)。左眼视盘颞上方、黄斑区上方血管弓下方、黄斑区下方血管弓上方3个瘤体处视网膜呈圆顶状隆起,反射信号增强,其表面神经纤维层增厚,压迫下方视网膜内层结构,其中视盘颞上方瘤体内可见光学空腔;红外光反射示视网膜3个瘤体呈弱反射(精粹图片2中B~D)。临床诊断:结节性硬化症合并双眼多发视网膜星形细胞错构瘤。有别于右眼,左眼的多发视网膜星形细胞错构瘤较为隐匿,彩色眼底图像未显示,而OCT清晰显示出病灶的部位和大小。
2例肋骨长轴骨折的损伤机制分析

笔者认为,肋间神经及血管走行肋沟中[6],此类骨折还存在伤及相应神经血管的可能性。此类骨折外力作用程度及伤情严重性不亚于压曲型肋骨骨折,更不亚于隐匿性肋骨骨折,在法医临床鉴定中应当与常见的横轴方向肋骨骨折一样认定损伤程度及伤残等级,包括畸形愈合的认定。由于此类骨折临床少见且罕有报道,伤后仅行X线、2DMPR(2维多平面重建)、CPT(曲面重建)等存在漏诊的可能性较大。遇有高坠、摔跌、交通事故等类似损伤案件时,可通过观察肋骨及其附近软组织形态,并结合后期影像学复查情况进行综合分析判断,避免漏鉴,切不可仅凭3DVR而否定骨折的存在。在新旧损伤、致伤方式推断等鉴定活动中,除常规审阅CT的骨窗、3DVR,还应对纵膈窗、肺窗等灰阶窗进行观察,必要时可要求委托方调取DICOM等电子版资料。
人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者合并2型糖尿病的诊疗研究进展

人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染导致人体免疫功能降低,严重威胁人类健康。但随着抗反转录病毒治疗(ART)的问世,将HIV感染从一种致命性疾病转变为一种可控的慢性疾病,显著延长HIV感染者(people living with HIV,PLWH)的生命,但该群体慢性合并症(糖尿病、肾病、骨质疏松、心脑血管疾病)的问题也日益凸显。我国的糖尿病以2型糖尿病(T2DM)为主,1型糖尿病和其他类型糖尿病少见,本文中涉及的PLWH合并糖尿病的相关研究指的是T2DM。一项包含41项研究的荟萃分析显示,PLWH患T2DM的风险比普通人群高出约4倍[1],且年龄每增加一岁,概率就会增加4%[2]。合并T2DM的PLWH会出现更大的住院风险、更快的病情发展、更差的预后以及更高的治疗成本。研究表明,T2DM与PLWH死亡率增加有关[3],诊断为T2DM的PLWH在随访4年后的死亡风险更高,考虑可能与心血管和肾脏并发症以及人体感染HIV后疾病进展有关[4]。结合国内外的研究成果,本文就PLWH合并T2DM流行病学、发病机制以及治疗方案进行综述。
Effects of hooked-collar on the local scour around a lenticular bridge pier

This paper presents the results of comprehensive laboratory experiments to investigate the effects of hooked-collar on the scour development around a vertical pier with a lenticular cross section.The flow around the pier was uniform,steady,and under the clear-water condition.The axial scour profiles for cases without and with a lenticular hooked-collar were measured and the effects of hooked-collar dimensions and elevation from the bed were examined.To compute the efficiency of hooked-collar for scour prevention,the results of local scour for a bridge pier without a collar and a bridge pier with a plain collar,without a hooked wall,were used as benchmark data sets.A wide range of hooked-collar geometries such as the ratio of collar width to the pier width,W_c/W_p,ranging from 1.5 to 3.5,the ratio of hooked-collar wall height to the pier width,H_c/W_p,ranging from 0.15 to 0.6,and the ratio of collar elevation to the pier width,E_c/W_p,of-0.5,0,and 0.5 were tested.The experimental results indicated that the equilibrium scour depth decreased with the ratio of hooked-collar to the pier width when W_c is twice the pier width,W_p.For W_c/W_p >2,the scour depth was similar to the tests with an infinitely large pier width.In addition,the scour depth consistently reduced as the hooked-collar wall height,Hc,to the pier width,W_p,approached 0.3.The highest scour reduction efficiency was achieved when the hooked-collar being placed on the bed surface.Empirical models were developed for prediction of maximum scour depth near the lenticular bridge pier with a modified collar.The results showed that the volume of scour hole around a lenticular pier increased non-linearly with the maximum scour depth and it was independent of the hooked-collar geometry.
Erosion and runoff reduction potential of vetiver grass for hill slopes:A physical model study

Severe erosion is caused by intense rainfall in tropical regions.The erodible soil of steep hill slopes,accompanied by destruction of vegetation due to human interventions results in accelerated erosion.A sustainable and cost-effective solution such as vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides) is,thus,required to control the erosion process.In the current study,6 small-scale glass models:1 bare and 5 with vetiver grass,having a slope angle of 37° have been constructed.One year after planting,artificial rainfall of extremely high intensity was applied to all 6 small models and the role of vetiver canopy and roots in erosion and runoff control was observed.To see the effect of soil texture,one among these 5 models was made with silty sand and others contained sandy silt.The results demonstrated that,for sandy silt,the inclusion of vetiver reduced the soil loss by 94%-97%,and soil detachment rates were lowered by 95%.The average runoff also was reduced by 21%.The canopy cover showed a positive impact on reducing both quantities.An increase in average root diameter from 1.6 to 2.5 mm increases the soil loss due to its negative impact on added cohesion.The added cohesion showed a linearly negative correlation with soil loss.A composite system of vetiver and jute geotextile was most effective in erosion reduction among 4 vegetated models with sandy silt.Under same vetiver planting layout,the grass covered model of silty sand yielded 84% lower erosion and 62.5% lower runoff than the grass covered one with sandy silt.Thus,vetiver was more effective in erosion and runoff reduction for soil with a greater percentage of sand,and soil type dominated the erosion process.
Characteristics of river discharge and its indirect effect on the tidal bore in the Qiantang River, China

Based on field data of river discharge, tide, tidal bore, and riverbed topography, the characteristics of river discharge, the effect of river discharge on riverbed erosion and sedimentation, and the feedback effect of riverbed erosion and sedimentation on the tide and tidal bore in the Qiantang River are analyzed. The results show that the inter-annual and seasonal variation of river discharge in the Qiantang River is noticeable, while the seasonal distribution of river discharge tends to be uniform after the construction of Xin'anjiang Reservoir. River discharge has a major effect on the erosion and sedimentation in the reach from Zhakou to Yanguan. There are laws of riverbed erosion in wet seasons and years and sedimentation in dry seasons and years. Relations in the Zhakou to Yanguan reach among the riverbed volume after the flood season, the mean and maximum river discharge during the flood season, and riverbed volume before the flood season are established. With the riverbed erosion from Zhakou to Yanguan, the low tide level decreases and the tidal range is amplified, and thus, the tidal bore is enhanced. The relation among tidal range, river discharge, and riverbed volume, as well as the one between the tidal bore height and tidal range is established on the basis of the field data. Furthermore, the variation range of tidal bores after the flood season is analyzed in wet and dry years. The indirect effect of the Xin'anjiang Reservoir on the height of the tidal bore is predicted and the mean height of the tidal bore from Zhakou to Yanguan decreases by 0.1-0.2 m.
Geochemical, mineralogical and textural nature of beach placers, north-east Sri Lanka: Implications for provenance and potential resource

The Pulmoddai placer sands in Sri Lanka (9°3'23.65''-8°51'38.83''N and 80°55'22.91''-81°3'32.65''E) is considered to be one of the major rare earth element (REE) prospects world-wide. This deposit has a global significance in terms of strategic economic resources and can provide valuable insight for resource estimation and for its economic use. A detailed study of the geochemical, mineralogical, and textural properties of the heavy minerals of this region is undertaken applying the scanning electron microscopy -electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), and X-Ray fluorescence (XRF) techniques. The results from these analyses are modeled to delineate the source(s) which contribute to the formation of the mineral deposits and their subsequent enrichment. The beach sediment from this region, exhibited elevated concentrations of major elements like silicon (Si) and manganese (Mn) and high abundance of minor and trace elements like yttrium (Y), strontium (Sr), lanthanum (La), barium (Ba), which indicates that the provenance is similar to calcium-silicate rocks. The highest (total) concentration of Y, La, scandium (Sc) and cerium (Ce) are mainly associated to fine grained sediment, signifying that their occurrences are governed by the grain size distribution and ambient hydrodynamic conditions primarily from lagoonal input. Monazite, zircon, ilmenite, rutile, and xenotime are more abundant than garnet in the study area, as is evident from the higher abundance of thorium (Th) and uranium (U) and the enrichment of zirconium (Zr), Ce, vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), and Y. Textural analysis of sediment shows sediment particles are poorly sorted and have more angular grain boundaries, indicating their lower textural maturity. This suggests that the sediment is fluvially derived from a close source rock of charnockite specific to the hinterland lithology. The sediment transported by perennial rivers and the hydrodynamic conditions of the Kokkilai Lagoon estuary, are the two primary sources of heavy mineral enrichment in the study area, which is quite unique in terms of the placer formation. Subsequently, these sediment particles formed the beach placer deposits enriched in REE-Th rich heavy minerals, which are of immense strategic importance.