mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Tentative application of computed tomography to study of otoliths and their responses to environment variations

As the carrier of bioxnineral aragonite, fish otoliths memorize various messages of environment throughout the fish's life. In the past three decades, quite a few achievements have been made in the studies of fish otoliths, but no advances in research using medical instruments have been reported. The authors tentatively applied X-ray computed tomography (CT) to the studies of the internal structure of wild carp otoliths, with the CT value determined by variations in the sample density and element composition. The wild carps were collected,respectively, from the Baiyangdian Shallow Lake in Hebei Province and Miyun Reservoir in the Beijing metropolis,whose water envirotunents are quite different. The former has suffered serious pollution and eutrophication, whereas the latter has nearly experienced no pollution. The primary result indicates that differences exists in CT values of otoliths for the carps from the above-mentionad waters.With in-depth studies, it is possible that X-ray computed tomography could serve as a useful tool in the study of fish otoliths, and the CT values can be taken as typomorphic parameters to distinguish the waters with different degrees of pollution.
西黄丸外敷治疗乳腺增生病临床研究

目的:观察西黄丸外敷治疗乳腺增生病的临床疗效及安全性.方法:以西黄丸研末外敷并口服乳癖消片组与单纯乳癖消片组比较,检测乳房疼痛、肿块大小、乳头溢液、月经情况及伴随症状的变化,观察不良反应的发生情况.结果:治疗组总有效率93.75%,改善乳房疼痛、肿块大小、乳头溢液情况,均明显优于对照组(P<0.01).结论:西黄丸外敷治疗乳腺增生病具有良好的临床疗效,且无明显不良反应.
枳实的化学成分及药理作用研究进展

对枳实的化学成分及药理作用研究进展进行了综述.枳实主要含有黄酮类、生物碱类、挥发油类等成分,具有调节肠胃运动、调节子宫机能、升压、强心、抗氧化、抗菌、镇痛、抗血栓等药理作用.
Performance of Hybrids between Weedy Rice and Insect-resistant Transgenic Rice under Field Experiments: Implication for Environmental Biosafety Assessment

Transgene escape from genetically modified (GM) rice Into weedy rice via gene flow may cause undesired environmental consequences. Estimating the field performance of crop-weed hybrids will facilitate our understanding of potential introgression of crop genes (including transgenes) into weedy rice populations, allowing for effective biosafety assessment. Comparative studies of three weedy rice strains and their hybrids with two GM rice lines containing different insect-resistance transgenes (CpTl or BtlCpTI) indicated an enhanced relative performance of the crop-weed hybrids, with taller plants, more tillers, panicles, and spikelets per plant, as well as higher 1000-seed weight, compared with the weedy rice parents, although the hybrids produced less filled seeds per plant than their weedy parents. Seeds from the F1 hybrids had higher germination rates and produced more seedlings than the weedy parents, which correlated positively with 1000-seed weight. The crop-weed hybrids demonstrated a generally enhanced relative performance than their weedy rice parents in our field experiments. These findings indicate that transgenes from GM rice can persist to and introgress into weedy rice populations through recurrent crop-to-weed gene flow with the aid of slightly increased relative fitness in F1 hybrids.
Association Analysis of the Amino Acid Contents in Rice

The main objective of the present study was to identify simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers associated with the amino acid content of rice (Oryza sativa L.). SSR markers were selected by prescreening for the relationship to amino acid content. Eighty-four rice landrace accessions from Korea were evaluated for 16 kinds of amino acids in brown rice and genotyped with 25 SSR markers. Analysis of population structure revealed four subgroups in the population. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) patterns and distributions are of fundamental importance for genome-wide mapping associations. The mean r2 value for all intrachromosomal loci pairs was 0.033. LD between linked markers decreased with distance. Marker-trait associations were investigated using the unified mixed-model approach, considering both population structure (Q) and kinship (K). A total of 42 marker-trait associations with amino acids (P < 0.05) were identified using 15 different SSR markers covering three chromosomes and explaining more than 40% of the total variation. These results suggest that association analysis In rice is a viable alternative to quantitative trait loci mapping and should help rice breeders develop strategies for improving rice quality.
SLE患者杀伤细胞免疫球蛋白样受体基因相关性分析

SLE是一种慢性自身免疫病.遗传和环境因素及机体免疫状态在其发病中占重要地位.免疫系统中T淋巴细胞和自然杀伤(NK)细胞功能异常与其发牛发展密切相关~([1]).杀伤细胞免疫球蛋白样受体(KIR)主要表达于NK细胞和部分T淋巴细胞表面,具有高度多态性.
神经垂体颗粒细胞瘤一例

患者女,52岁,因头晕、呕吐5 d,行走不稳4 d于2008年6月26日入院.检查:头颅CT示鞍上区实性肿块及梗阻性脑积水;腰穿测压为350 mmH_2O;脑脊液常规:WBC 2×10~6/L,Pandy弱阳性,Glu 5.97 mmol/L,CI 118 mmol/L,M-TP 2.99g/L;性激素6项:FSH、LH偏低,PRL稍高,余正常;MR检查示鞍上区实性占位,大小约28 mm×28 mm×25 mm,边界清晰,T1W1周边呈略高信号,中央呈低信号,T2W1及FLAIR上均呈低信号为主的高低混杂信号,增强后明显强化,但强化不太均匀,肿块向上明显压迫视交叉,向下沿垂体柄进入鞍内,垂体柄相应增粗,考虑异位脑膜瘤.
带趾伸肌腱的第二趾皮瓣修复伴有肌腱缺损的手指创面

目的 探讨带趾伸肌腱的第二趾皮瓣修复伴有肌腱缺损的手指创而临床疗效.方法 采用游离带趾伸肌腱的第二趾皮瓣修复伴有肌腱缺损的手指创而16例18指.结果 皮瓣均成活,供区植皮一期成活17趾,1趾植皮部分坏死,经换药后愈合,术后经理疗和功能锻炼,随访6～18个月,皮瓣无明显萎缩及色素沉着,感觉恢复2-PD6-12 mm,手指外形满意,修复指关节屈伸活动恢复满意,按照肌腱修复后TAM/TPM标准评价,属优者6指,良9指,可2例,差1例,优良率83%,临床效果满意.结论 带趾伸肌腱的第二趾皮瓣修复伴有肌腱缺损的手指创面,一次手术完成了皮肤、肌腱的缺损,是一种较好的方法.
5点固定法在Nuss手术中的应用

1997年Nuss等[1]第一次介绍了漏斗胸的Nuss手术,此手术方法具有创伤小,切口小,矫正效果好等优点.2006年9月至2007年7月,我们尝试将5点固定法应用于Nuss手术中,取得了良好效果,现报告如下.
SFRP1和APC基因在先天性巨结肠症中的甲基化和异常表达

先天性巨结肠症(HSCR)的病因和发病机制目前尚不明确,普遍认为是多种因素共同作用的结果.近来发现Wnt信号异常激活与HSCR发病有关~[1].Wnt拮抗因子分泌型Frizzled相关蛋白(SFRP)家族第一个成员SFRPI和多发性腺瘤样息肉病蛋白(APC)均为Wnt信号的重要抑制因子.本研究对SFRP1和APC基因在HSCR中甲基化及表达状态进行检测,以探讨SFRP1和APC表达异常在HSCR发病机制中的作用.
云南白族、汉族人群载脂蛋白E基因多态与缺血性脑血管病的相关性

目前已知,缺血性脑血管病(ICVD)的主要发病原因为动脉粥样硬化,而大量研究表明,ApoE基因型是动脉粥样硬化在个体间发病差异的主要因素.中国云南省白、汉两民族ICVD患者ApoE基因的研究国内外还未见报道,我们采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)技术和基因测序法同时检测ApoE基因多态,旨在探讨云南白、汉两民族人群中ApoE基因与ICVD的关系.
功能性便秘患者直肠肛管感觉运动反应的变化

直肠肛管测压技术广泛应用于便秘的诊断与研究中.现有的资料集中在对便秘患者直肠敏感性降低、排便时肛管括约肌不协调性收缩等方面的报道,而对直肠扩张与肛管运动的关系方面报道较少,De Ocampo等~([1])曾报道正常人直肠扩张时除了出现常见的直肠肛门收缩反射(rectoanal contractile reflex,RACR)及直肠肛门抑制反射(rectoanal inhibitory reflex,RAIR)之外,随着直肠充气增加,感觉的增强,在肛管括约肌松弛过程中伴随着一过性的收缩反应,称之为感觉运动反应(sensorimotor response,SMR),同时试验结果表明SMR在正常人是一种排便相关性反应.
慢性阻塞性肺疾病与心血管病关系研究进展

慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)是以不完全可逆的气流受限为特征的慢性炎症性疾病,具有复杂的病理学改变,涉及大小气道(慢性支气管炎、细支气管炎)、肺实质(肺气肿)及肺血管.除肺脏本身的病理改变外,COPD还可导致显著的肺外效应(systemic effects),如体重减低、骨骼肌萎缩、骨质疏松、抑郁、慢性贫血等~([1]).
髁突骨折的问题与对策

髁突骨折是口腔颌面外科一个永恒的议题,虽然争论多年,但口腔颌面外科医师对其兴趣依然不减.过去10年间,中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)收录的有关髁突骨折的中文文献107篇,Medline收录的英文文献151篇.虽然文献不少,正如Moss~([1])教授曾经指出的那样,"继续在产生大量的‘错误信息',并被众多同行相信和采用".
腹腔镜胆囊切除治疗亚急性胆囊炎的体会

关于胆囊炎行腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC),目前大多数主张在急性期内(发病24～72 h)行LC~([1-3]),但在某些情况下,仍有部分病人未能在急性期内行胆囊切除术而进入亚急性期,因症状体征不缓解或其它原因,不可避免地面临是否手术的问题.
甲状腺迁移性异物并发周围脓肿一例

患儿女,7岁.因误吞异物(鱼骨)后感咽痛3 d于2009年3月20日到我院就诊.患儿误吞鱼骨后咽部疼痛,自行大口吞咽馒头后疼痛加重,并伴右侧颈部疼痛.
双侧鳃裂囊肿超声表现1例

患者女,64岁.因"发现双侧耳垂下肿物2年余"入院.患者2年前无意中发现双侧耳垂下肿块,约"桂圆"大小,常因上呼吸道感染而增大,抗炎治疗后局部肿胀略有消退,现双侧肿物缓慢增大至"鸡蛋"大小.
川党参氮磷钾吸收特性初步研究

川党参为桔梗科植物川党参 Codonopsis tangsh-en Oliv.的根.党参具有补中益气,和脾胃,除烦渴的功效,素有"小人参"之美誉,可用于治疗脾肺虚弱、气短心悸、食少便溏、虚喘咳嗽、内热消渴等症状.现在,党参栽培中其产量的提高不再主要依靠农家肥,而是以化学肥料为主.
防风干物质积累及氮磷钾吸收特性研究

防风Saposhnicovia divaricata(Turz)Schisck为伞形科多年生植物,以未抽薹开花植株的干燥根入药,有解表祛风、胜湿、止痉等功能,是治疗外感风寒的常用中药[1].虽然前人已经在种子萌发、采收加工以及种苗移栽方面做了一些的研究[2-3],但防风需肥特点及需肥量与生育阶段关系目前尚未见报道.本实验在大田条件下,研究了防风第1年的营养生长及氮磷钾的吸收特性,旨在为防风人工栽培过程中的施肥技术提供理论依据.
乌拉尔甘草叶片解剖结构的研究

甘草Glycyrrhiza uralensis是我国临床常用中药之一,具补脾益气、清热解毒、祛痰止咳、缓急止痛、缓和药性、调和诸药等功效[1],我国甘草资源野生分布区主要为内蒙古、宁夏、甘肃以及新疆的干旱半干旱、荒漠半荒漠地区[2].研究表明,在长期的进化过程中,甘草形成了适应干旱荒漠条件的生物特性和丰富的遗传变异[3].
油菜籽生产贸易情况及我国油菜籽发展的对策建议

我国油菜籽产量占世界油菜籽产量的20%以上,是世界上最大的油菜籽生产国,也是世界上主要油菜籽进口国之一.通过对世界油菜籽生产贸易状况和我国油菜籽供求状况的分析,指出较低的关税税率和单一的关税管理政策,极大地开放了国内油菜籽和菜籽油市场,从而使得国内市场与国际市场联动性大大提高,世界油菜籽生产贸易状况对我国油菜籽市场作用加大.菜籽油作为我国主要食用植物油,对保障居民食用植物油安全具有重要意义.建议国家按照远近结合的原则,在近期建立和完善油料保护机制:一是继续加大对油菜籽生产扶持措施,进一步优化油菜生产布局,提高生产效率;二是进一步完善油菜籽补贴支持保护制度,调动农民种植油菜积极性;三是扶持油菜籽产业发展,提高品牌竞争力;四是加强油菜籽科技投入,提高油菜籽品质.在中长期进一步完善油料与粮食生产之间、农业与工业之间的协调机制,为保障国家粮油安全搭建长效机制.
耳穴压豆加心理行为干预对化疗预期性恶心呕吐的影响

预期性恶心、呕吐是恶性肿瘤患者化疗中常见并发症,它是患者已经经历2个以上周期化疗,在下一次化疗药物使用之前即开始发生的恶心呕吐~([1]).呕吐可使患者抵抗力下降,体内电解质、酸碱平衡紊乱,影响治疗效果,加剧患者恐惧心理,甚至中断治疗.国外资料显示,预期性呕吐发生率为9%-27%~([2]),国内研究表明,尽管已常规使用止吐剂,化疗患者预期性呕吐的发生率为6.8%~([3]).
Anomalous behaviours of terahertz reflected waves transmitted from GaAs induced by optical pumping

Femtosecond pump-terahertz probe studies of carrier dynamics in semi-insulating GaAs have been investigated in detail for various pump powers.It is observed that,at high pump powers,the reflection peaks flip to the opposite polarity and dramatically enhance as the pump arrival time approaches the reflected wave of the terahertz pulse.The abnormal polarity-flip and enhancement can be interpreted by the pump-induced enhancement in the photoconductivity of GaAs and half-wave loss.Moreover,the carrier relaxation processes and surface states filling in GaAs are also studied in these measurements.
欧洲医药产品管理局关于临床研究中多重性的考虑要点

临床研究中的多重性问题,会导致作出假阳性结论的机率增加.欧盟医药产品管理局专门就多重性问题制定了相关指导原则,其中见解可为国内新药研究提供一定参考.
双亲水性超支化接枝共聚物的pH响应性药物释放

首先利用阳离子开环聚合合成了超支化聚缩水甘油醚(HPG),然后通过酯化反应制备了低接枝率的大分子引发剂HPG-Br,并进一步引发甲基丙烯酸-2-(N,N-二甲氨基)乙酯(DMAEMA)单体的原子转移自由基聚合,合成了低接枝率的双亲水性超支化接枝共聚物HPG-g-PDMAEMA,用1H NMR和GPC对聚合物结构进行了表征.并采用芘荧光探针法,1H NMR和DLS研究了HPG-g-PDMAEMA在不同pH水溶液中的组装行为.以香豆素102为模型药物研究了HPG-g-PDMAEMA聚合物在不同pH条件下的药物释放行为,发现在pH连续振荡刺激下HPG-g-PDMAEMA聚合物胶束对药物分子能实现部分"可逆"的释放和再包载.
稀土络合催化合成橡胶

中国是稀土资源最丰富的国家,60年代起为充分利用我国的稀土资源,中国科学院长春应用化学研究所开展了稀土催化剂催化双烯烃聚合的研究,我国在世界上是最早开展这项研究的国家之一.自1964年,我们先后发表了稀土化合物在定向聚合中的催化活性的论文.从1971年开始我国率先进行稀土顺丁橡胶和异戊橡胶产业化开发工作.至今已发表了大量论文和多部专著.本文综述了关于稀土络合催化合成橡胶历年来的研究成果.
β-NaYF4:Yb,Er纳米晶与四甲基异氰酸罗丹明染料分子间的发光共振能量转移研究

Yb3+和Er3+离子掺杂的NaYF4纳米晶在近红外光(980 nm)激发下可产生中心位于539和655 nm的上转换发光,其中位于539 nm的发光与四甲基异氰酸罗丹明(tetrametrylrhodarnine isothiocyante,TRITC)染料分子的吸收光谱部分重叠.本文基于上述光谱重叠特性,构筑了以β-NaYF4:Yb,Er为能量给体、TRITC为能量受体的发光共振能量转移(LRET)体系.TRITC分子通过静电作用紧密吸附于纳米晶表面,其较近距离的相互作用利于提高LRET效率和体系的稳定性.在980 nm近红外光激发下,LRET过程使NaYF4:Yb,Er位于539 nm的上转换发光减弱,同时可观察到TRITC染料分子的发光.对发光寿命的研究也证实了β-NaYF4:Yb,Er到TRITC的能量传递.
青钱柳组培快繁体系的初步研究

以青钱柳成熟胚为实验材料,对建立青钱柳组培快繁技术体系进行初步研究.结果表明,离体胚在添加30 g/L蔗糖、6.5 g/L琼脂的培养基中培养60 d,成苗率可达到72.67%.通过正交试验筛选出丛生芽诱导增殖的最佳培养基为WPM+0.5 mg/L 6-BA+0.01 mg/L IBA+30 g/L蔗糖,适宜的继代周期为40 d,丛生芽诱导率可达到93.33%,增殖系数最高为4.75,3种激素对丛生芽增殖系数的影响程度依次为IBA>6-BA>KT,其中IBA有显著影响.培养基中添加适当浓度的烯效唑和稀土镧对试管苗的壮苗和生长均有促进作用,其最适浓度分别为0.1 mg/L和5 mg/L.适宜浓度的IBA对试管苗生根有一定促进作用,采用WPM+0.2 mg/L IBA+20 g/L蔗糖培养基进行诱导,生根率为16.67%,经过15 d暗诱导处理,生根率可提高到23.33%.
苔藓植物对环境变化的响应和适应性

苔藓植物作为环境变化的指示植物在世界范围内已得到广泛应用.本文从温度、水分、干旱、光照、海拔以及着生基质等方面就苔藓植物对环境因子变化的响应和适应性进行了综述,以期促进苔藓植物的多样性保护以及环境污染和气候变化的苔藓生物监测研究.
秦岭火地塘林区华山松人工林与天然次生林群落特征比较

采用样地调查法对秦岭火地塘林区处于中龄阶段的华山松人工林与天然次生林群落特征进行比较研究.结果表明:(1)华山松天然次生林群落有维管束植物38科64属82种,人工林群落有维管束植物30科55属71种,两个群落共有种为53种,相似系数为0.55.(2) 华山松人工林群落灌木层和草本层的Maglef指数、Simpson指数、Shanon-Wiener指数和Pielou均匀度指数与天然次生林群落无显著差异,但人工林乔木层的4个多样性指数显著低于次生林.人工林的4个多样性指数表现为灌木层＞草本层＞乔木层的规律,天然次生林表现出灌木层＞乔木层＞草本层的规律.(3)在生活型谱上,人工林与次生林的高位芽、地上芽、地面芽、地下芽和一年生草本的差异均不显著,但是天然次生林的中小高位芽植物比例显著高于人工林,矮高位芽植物相反.(4)在垂直结构上,天然次生林乔木层的树种组成和灌木层的天然更新幼苗量较人工林丰富,两个群落乔木层华山松种群的平均高度以及乔灌草三层的盖度无显著差异.(5)在水平结构上,人工林华山松种群的空间分布格局为均匀分布,胸径一致,为纯林;天然次生林华山松种群空间分布格局为聚集分布,与华椴和锐齿栎等树种水平镶嵌,形成异龄混交林.(6)天然次生林群落的自然构成系数为3.20,顶极树种比例为34.7%,人工林群落的自然构成系数为1.49,顶极树种比例为22.7%,两个群落差异极显著,且天然次生林群落处于先锋群落的中后期阶段,人工林群落尚处于先锋群落的初期阶段.研究表明,经过40年的恢复,两个群落整体上已具有一定程度的相似性,物种组成已比较接近,灌木层和草本层已无显著差异,两者主要差异在乔木层和演替状态上,天然次生林乔木层树种丰富,群落演替速度较人工林快.
豌豆根瘤中细菌的扫描电镜观察

用扫描电镜观察了豌豆根瘤的侵染细胞.结果表明,在这些细胞中有大量的细菌,它们主要是杆状细菌,其次是球形、Y形和T形细菌,其它形状的细菌很少.除了细菌形状不同外,还有一些细菌比较特殊,如有的细菌较长,菌体出现部分收缩并形成一个或一个以上的收缩环,其形状类似一条莲根;有的细菌很大,它的体积是普通细菌的2倍或2倍以上;有的细菌粗细不均匀,端部膨大,呈棒槌状.侵染细胞中有许多小泡,它们大小不同,呈球形.它们存于细菌之间,其中一些小泡还位于细菌的表面上,而且附近细菌的表面有时还有各种隆起.
中国特有种——沙芥繁育系统和传粉生物学研究

运用定位观察、杂交指数、花粉-胚珠比、套袋试验和重力玻片法等方法,对沙芥自然居群和人工栽培种群的开花日动态、繁育系统和传粉习性进行了研究.结果显示:沙芥在自然居群和人工栽培种群开花日高峰分别在19:00和15:00～18:00.沙芥繁育系统为异花授粉植物.沙芥传粉媒介中风的飘移能力非常微弱;沙芥自然居群的访花昆虫有19种,分属于6个目;人工栽培种群的访花昆虫有11种,分属于6个目.意大利蜜蜂、熊蜂、黑带食蚜蝇和拟蜂食蚜蝇是两个居群共有的主要传粉昆虫,在自然居群熊蜂每天的访花频率呈双峰曲线,其中访花最高峰与开花日高峰基本重叠.
Zn~(2+)在菹草叶片中的积累及其植物毒理学效应

以广泛分布的沉水植物--菹草为研究对象,通过添加不同浓度Zn2+(0、5、10、15和20 mg·L~(-1))的10% Hoagland营养液培养7 d,分析Zn~(2+)在水生植物中的积累及其诱导产生的毒理学作用.结果发现:随着培养液中Zn~(2+)浓度的增加,(1)菹草叶片中Zn~(2+)含量极显著上升.(2)Zn~(2+)处理使菹草产生明显的矿质营养失衡症状,主要表现为显著增加了对Fe~(2+)的吸收和降低了对P~(5+)和Na~+的吸收.(3)光合色素中,叶绿素a和b、类胡萝卜素先升后降,分别在5、5和10 mg·L~(-1)处理浓度时最多;叶绿素a/b一直下降.(4)GSH含量在5 mg·L~(-1)时达到峰值后减少,而AsA则为逐渐降低.(5)各处理浓度都使ATP和可溶性蛋白含量明显减少.(6)电镜观察发现,正常条件下Ca~(2+)主要分布在胞间隙和液泡中,细胞基质中较少;添加Zn~(2+)后,胞间隙和液泡中的Ca~(2+)逐渐进入细胞质,使细胞质中Ca~(2+)浓度明显升高,在质膜内侧、细胞核和叶绿体中都出现大量呈圆环状的黑色钙颗粒.综合分析认为,AsA对Zn~(2+) 胁迫反应最敏感,Zn~(2+)对菹草产生毒害的临界浓度为5～10 mg·L~(-1).
链球菌蛋白对RAW264.7小鼠巨噬细胞免疫学活性的调节作用

目的:探讨链球菌蛋白对RAW264.7小鼠巨噬细胞免疫活性调节及其相关作用机制.方法:不同浓度的链球菌蛋白与RAW264.7小鼠巨噬细胞共同作用后,采用MTT 法检测细胞的增殖活化;吞噬中性红试验观察巨噬细胞的吞噬功能;生物化学法检测巨噬细胞上清液中TNF-α和IL-6 的含量;RT-PCR法检测细胞中TNF-α、IL-6和Toll样受体(Toll-like receptors,TLRs)的mRNA表达情况;流式细胞术检测细胞表面TLR2和TLR4的表达强度.结果:链球菌蛋白对巨噬细胞的生长增殖和吞噬功能有较强的刺激作用(P<0.05),促进TNF-α和IL-6的表达和分泌(P<0.05),并可上调巨噬细胞表面模式识别受体TLR2和TLR4的表达(P<0.05).结论:链球菌蛋白通过刺激RAW264.7小鼠巨噬细胞的增殖,增强细胞吞噬活性以及诱导细胞因子的产生等发挥其免疫调节作用.
Gnomon shadow lengths recorded in the Zhoubi Suanjing:the earliest meridian observations in China?

The Zhoubi Suanjing, one of the most important ancient Chinese books on mathematical astronomy, was compiled about 100 BC in the Western Han dynasty (BC 206 - AD 23). We study the gnomon shadow lengths for the 24 solar terms as recorded in the book. Special attention is paid to the so-called law of 'cun qian li', which says the shadow length of a gnomon of 8 chi (about 1.96 m) high will increase (or decrease) 1 cun(1/10chi) for every 1000 li (roughly 400km) the gnomon moves northward (or southward). From these data, one can derive the time and location of the observations. The resuits, however, do not fit historical facts. We suggest that compilers of the Zhoubi Suanjing must have modified the original data according to the law of 'cun qian li'. Through reversing the situation, we recovered the original data, our analysis of which reveals the best possible observation time as 564 BC and the location of observation as 35.78° N latitude,We conclude that this must be the earliest records of solar meridian observations in China.In the meantime, we give the errors of solar altitudes for the 24 solar terms. The average deviation is 5.22°, and the mean absolute deviation is 5.52°, signifying the accuracy of astronomical calculations from that time.
覆盖与施肥处理对雷竹林土壤水溶性有机氮的影响

土壤水溶性氮是土壤氮素中最活跃的组分,一方面,它是土壤有效养分的来源之一,可以直接被植物吸收利用;另一方面,它的移动性相对较强,可随水分的运移发生径流或淋溶损失而污染水体.土壤水溶性氮包括NO_3~--N、NH_4~+ N和水溶性有机氮(Water soluble organic nitrogen, WSON).
Effect of ZnO on the performance of Ag/SiO_2 catalyst for the vapor-phase synthesis of 3-methylindole

The vapor-phase synthesis of 3-methylindole over Ag/SiO_2 doped with ZnO was investigated.The catalysts were characterized by XRD,H_2TPR,NH_3-TPD and TG techniques.The results indicated that ZnO promoter greatly enhanced the initial activity of the catalyst but disfavored its stability.H_2-TPR and XRD results showed that the reduction peak of Ag_2O shifted to higher temperature and the intensity of silver diffraction peaks was much weaker after the addition of ZnO promoter to Ag/SiO_2.This indicated that there existed the interaction between Ag_2O and SiO_2-ZnO which promoted the silver particles dispersing on the support and inhibited the sintering of silver during the reaction.NH3-TPD and TG results revealed that the acid amounts of the catalyst and coking increased after adding ZnO to Ag/SiO_2,which resulted in the deactivation of Ag/SiO_2-ZnO catalyst rapidly.
Hydrogen production from coke oven gas over LiNi/γ-Al_2O_3 catalyst modified by rare earth metal oxide in a membrane reactor

The performance of LiNi/γ-Al_2O_3 catalysts modified by rare earth metal oxide (La_2O_3 or CeO_2)packed on BCFNO membrane reactor was discussed for the partial oxidation of methane (POM)in coke oven gas (COG)at 875℃.The NiO/γ-Al_2O_3 catalysts with different amounts of La_2O_3 and CeO_2 were prepared with the same preparation method and under the same condition in order to compare the reaction performance (oxygen permeation,CH_4 conversion,H_2 and CO selectivity)on the membrane reactor.The results show that the oxygen permeation flux increased significantly with LiNiREOx/γ-Al_2O_3 (RE= La or Ce)catalysts by adding the element of rare earth especially the Ce during the POM in COG.Such as,the Li15wt%CeO29wt%NiO/γ-Al_2O_3 catalyst with an oxygen permeation flux of 24.71 ml·cm~(-2)·min~(-1) and a high CH_4 conversion was obtained in 875℃.The resulted high oxygen permeation flux may be due to the added Ce that inhibited the strong interaction between Ni and Al_2O_3 to form the NiAl_2O_4 phase.In addition,the introduction of Ce leads up to an important property of storing and releasing oxygen.
前列腺癌p21 mRNA的表达及其与淋巴结转移的相关性

目的 研究原发前列腺癌中p21的表达情况,探讨其在前列腺癌中的临床意义.方法 用RT-PCR的方法检测前列腺癌及癌旁组织p21的表达.结果 在67例前列腺癌组织中,有31例(46.29%)表达p21 mRNA;癌旁正常组织中,有49例(73.13%)表达p21mRNA.将前列腺癌组织分成2组,分别是有淋巴结转移和无淋巴结转移组.在41例有区域淋巴结转移病例中,p21 mRNA表达13例(31.71%).在26例无淋巴结转移的病例中,p21 mRNA表达18例(69.23%). 结论 p21在原发前列腺癌组织中的表达与癌旁正常组织相比明显减少;P21在有淋巴结转移组织表达明显低于无淋巴结转移组.
文蛤遗传标记研究进展

文蛤(Meretrix meretrix),隶属于软体动物门(Mollousca)、双壳纲(Lamellibranchia)、异齿亚纲(Heterodonta)、帘蛤目(Veneroida)、帘蛤科(Veneridae),为广温、广盐性的滩涂埋栖型双壳贝类,是我国重要的海产经济种类,我国南北沿海均有分布,尤其在辽宁辽河口沿海、山东莱州湾沿海、江苏南部沿海、广西合浦沿海等资源最为丰富.
溅射法制备二氧化钛纳米薄膜的光催化杀菌性能

为了研究TiO_2纳米薄膜的光催化杀菌性能,采用射频反应溅射法在玻璃衬底上制得均匀透明的TiO_2纳米薄膜.利用X射线衍射分析(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等表征技术研究了不同功率对TiO_2薄膜的结晶特性和表面形貌的影响.XRD与SEM研究结果显示,射频功率为200W时,射频薄膜表面光滑平整、透明、呈淡蓝色,由锐钛矿型TiO_2纳米微粒构成,其微粒大小约30 nm.杀菌性能测试表明,近紫外光催化20 min,TiO_2纳米薄膜对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌的杀菌率均达到85%以上.
ERDAS APOLLO在基础地理信息管理中的应用研究

一、引言在数字化测绘体系向信息化测绘体系发展的过程中,以各级基础地理信息中心为主要节点的测绘信息管理和服务网络建设,无疑是体现和实现"信息获取实时化、信息处理自动化、信息服务网络化、信息应用社会化"等测绘信息化特点的关键.
GPS控制网起算点个数与分布的探讨与分析

GPS定位以其高精度、全天候、操作简便、观测时间短等优点广泛应用于各种测鼍控制网的建立.在提出GPS控制网起算点的要求的基础上,通过两个关联的实例验证GPS控制网起箅点的个数及其分布的优化方案,得出一些有益的结论.对相关的生产实践工作具有一定的借鉴作用.
Helmert定权方法及网形选择在核电测量中的应用探讨

针对核电测量规范与工程实际,指出控制测量可优先选用测边网,扩展角度为方向观测值.结合算例,对有效运用Helmert验后方差定权及提高迭代计算速度进行探讨;特别指出,与经验定权方法不同,运用Helmert验后方差定权,待定点近似坐标取值宜尽可能精确.
辛伐他汀和他达拉非对野百合碱致肺动脉高压大鼠肺血管重塑的影响

肺动脉高压是多种病因引起的一种临床病理牛理综合征,表现为肺血管阻力和肺动脉压力进行性增高,最终可因右心衰竭而导致患者死亡.肺血管重塑引起的肺小动脉的狭窄和闭塞是肺动脉高压发生和发展的病理基础.
胰岛移植的新疗效——防止和逆转糖尿病的血管病变

现今,糖尿病已成为世界上发病率最高、对人类健康威胁最为严重的疾病之一.糖尿病患者由于产生胰岛素障碍或胰岛素不能完全发挥生理作用而引起糖代谢紊乱,导致一系列血管病变及其并发症,如动脉粥样硬化、肢体缺血坏死、视网膜病变和肾功能衰竭.
优质高产紫花苜蓿新品种CW 400

CW 400系宁夏固原市农科所2000年从美国西海岸种子公司引入,通过多年多点试验、鉴定,2006年经宁夏回族自治区农作物品种审定委员会审定推广,适宜干旱半干旱地区种植.
金铁锁种子质量标准研究

依据农作物种子检验规程(GB/T 3543.1-3543.7-1995),进行金铁锁种子净度、千粒重、水分、发芽率的测定,旨在为有关部门制定金铁锁种子的质量分级标准提供参考.结果表明,金铁锁种子净度92.0%、千粒重2.31 g、含水量10.9%、发芽率95.7%、发芽势48.3%.
几种设施蔬菜根系浸提液对甜瓜的化感作用

对几种设施蔬菜根系浸提液对甜瓜种子萌发以及甜瓜枯萎病菌的化感作用进行研究,结果表明:油莱、大葱、辣椒等作物对甜瓜种子生长具有促进作用,对甜瓜枯萎病病菌生长有明显的抑制作用,可做为甜瓜种植的前茬作物;黄瓜、番茄作物根系除对甜瓜种子萌发具有较强的抑制作用外,还可明显促进甜瓜枯萎病菌的菌丝生长和孢子萌发,因而不宜作为甜瓜种植的前茬作物.
山杜英种子休眠解除及促进萌发的研究

采用化学药荆、激素处理山杜英种子,并在不同的温度进行发芽试验,以了解其休眠特性及萌发条件.结果表明:用KNO_3、FeSO_4·xH_2O、CuSO_4·5H_2O及硼酸混合溶液处理山杜英种子,并不能打破山杜英种子的休眠;采用GA_3、GA_3和6-BA混合溶液处理种子,有助于种子休眠的解除;GA_3预处理后在30℃下有较高发芽率43.3%,最高发芽指数0.22.激素处理与萌发温度具有明显正交互作用.
临床药师制度发展中若干问题思考

目的:探讨临床药师制度发展的部分问题:临床药师培训模式及自身问题、临床药师是否授予处方权、临床药师是否应有激励机制等.方法:通过查找万方、维普数据库的相关文献,进行文献综述、分析与讨论.结果:在当前阶段,管理层要求临床药师能够履行更多的职责、承担更多义务,但临床药师由于自身知识结构的限制,有很多方面极待提高,在积极工作的同时要求有更好的待遇,这方面的矛盾在相当长的时问内仍会存在.结论:面对上而下实行的临床药师制度,临床药师应抓住机会发展自身素质,推动医院药学工作转型.
大蝎子草根、茎、叶的挥发性成分GC-MS分析

活麻药用历史悠久,在<楚彝本草>、 <滇药录>、<藏本草>等均有记载,主要用于治疗中风不语,咳嗽多痰、风湿疼痛、跌打损伤、骨折等疾患.
多线性Calderón-Zygmund算子的加权估计

本文考虑多线性Calderon-Zygmund 算子的加权估计.通过证明适当的加权弱端点估计,并利用多线性内插定理和一个新的多线性外插引理,建立了多线性 Calderon-Zygmund算子的一些加一般权的估计.此外还考虑了相应的交换子的加权估计.
Influence of Long-Term Fixed Fertilization on Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) was investigated in a field that had received long-term fixed ferti-lization (LFF) for 26 years. There were a total of 12 treatments in triplicates with different amounts of manure, urea,calcium phosphate, and potassium chloride. Rhizosphere soil samples of maize and wheat grown in the experimental field in Shandong Province, China, were collected in September 2003 and May 2004, respectively. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spores were isolated and identified using morphological characters. Mycorrhizal colonization percentage, spore density (SD), species richness (SR), relative abundance (RA), and Shannon-Weiner index (SWI) were determined. Nineteen recognized species of AMF belonging to 5 genera were identified. Long-term fixed fertilization significantly influenced colonization percentage, SR, SD, and species diversity of AMF. The adaptability of AMF to soil fertility was different among species. Species richness and SD of AMF in maize and wheat rhizosphere soils were the highest in the nonferti-lization treatment (control) and lowest in the high manure + high nitrogen treatment (M_2N_2). The SWl decreased as the fertilization level increased except in the low manure treatment (M_1) on maize. Compared with the other treatments,Treatment M_2N_2 significantly reduced SD of Glomus, and the high manure + low nitrogen treatment (M_2N_1) significantly retarded sporulation of ScuteUospora. Manure treatments stimulated sporulation of Glomus mosseae. Spore density of G.mosseae was higher in the high nitrogen + phosphorus + potassium treatment (N_2PK) than in the high nitrogen +phosphorus treatment (N_2P) and the high nitrogen + potassium treatment (N_2K). The SD of S. peUucida was higher in Treatment N_2K than Treatments N_2PK and N_2P. In conclusion, long-term fixed fertilization, especially with high levels of manure and N, decreased SR, SD, and colonization and changed the species composition of AMF.
Interactive Effects of Lead and Bensulfuron-Methyl on Decomposition of ~(14)C-Glucose in Paddy Soils

Little information is available on the interactive effects of inorganic and organic pollutants on carbon utilization by soil microorganisms. This study examined the effects of two common soil pollutants, lead (Pb) and bensulfuron-methyl herbicide (BSM), on decomposition of an adscititioas carbon source (~(14)C-glucose). Two contrasting paddy soils, a silty clay soil and a clay loam soil, were incubated with different concentrations and combinations of pollutants for 60 days.Orthogonal rotatable central composite design was adopted to design the combinations of the pollutant concentrations so that rate response curves could be derived. Rapid decomposition of ~(14)C-glucose occurred in the first three days for both soils where no Pb or BSM was added (control). Overall, 63%-64% of the added ~(14)C-gluccee was decomposed in the control over the 60-day incubation. The addition of Pb or BSM significantly decreased the decomposition of ~(14)C-glucose during the first week but increased the decomposition thereafter; as a result, the percentages of ~(14)C-glucose decomposed (57%-77%) over the 60-day period were similar to or higher than those of the control. Application of the pollutants in combination did not further inhibit decomposition compared with the control. Overall, decomposition rates were lower in the silty clay soil than in the clay loam soil, which was related to the soil texture, cation exchange capacity, and pH. The relationship between the decomposition rates and the pollutants could be well characterized by the quadratic regression orthogonal rotation model. The initial antagonistic effects of the pollutants followed by the synergistic effects on microbial activity might result from changes of the concentrations of the pollutants.
Isolation and Sorption Behavior of Humic Acid from Zhongdian Peat of Yunnan Province, China

The Zhongdian swamp meadow in Zhongdian, China is well known as "Shangri-la", where the peat has never been studied for its potential to interact with pollutants. Humic acid (HA) was extracted from Zhongdian peat using two methods, namely sodium pyrophosphate extraction (SPE) and dilute base extraction (DBE), and characterized for its functional groups and sorption property. The HAs extracted by both methods contained several active functional groups and had large external specific surface areas. The adsorption mechanism of methylene blue onto HAs was interpreted as Langmuir sorption. SPE-HA showed higher sorption capacity because of its larger specific surface area, whereas the extraction yield of DBE-HA was twice that of SPE-HA. Kinetics modeling indicated that the sorption of methylene blue was a two-component first order reaction. The component with the higher rate constant also showed higher sorption capacity. No pH effect was observed for methylene blue sorption on HA in our experimental design, and the sorption decreased as the temperature increased.