mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
PdPbBi nanoalloys anchored reduced graphene-wrapped metal-organic framework-derived catalyst for enhancing ethylene glycol electrooxidation

For future clean energy demand, it is essential to develop highly efficient and durable materials for use in renewable energy conversion devices. Herein,we report an electrocatalyst loaded with Pd-Pb-Bi nanoalloys on reduced graphene (rGO)-wrapped In_2O_3 (PdPbBi@rGO/In_2O_3) prepared by a hydrothermal method. PdPbBi@rGO/In_2O_3 exhibits higher forward current density (229.12 mA·cm~(-2)),larger electrochemical active surface area (ECSA) (85.87 m~2·g~(-1)Pd), smaller impedance (12.68 Ω) and lower E_(onset) (-0.56 V) than commercial Pd/C. Specifically, the current density and ECSA are 8.46 and 3.38 times higher than those of commercial Pd/C (27.07 mA·cm~(-2),25.41 m~2·g~(-1)Pd), respectively. Furthermore, the oxidation mechanism of ethylene glycol and the removal of carbon monoxide [CO]_(ads) from the surface of Pd are also discussed in detail. The columnar support structure wrapped by rGO provides a huge active surface area for catalysis. Moreover, the electronic effect of Pd-Pb-Bi nanoalloys can accelerate the removal of CO intermediate species, obtain more Pd active sites and improve the electrocatalytic performance. Our first synthesis of this highly electrocatalyst offers promising value for commercial application in direct fuel cells.
Microstructure,mechanical and thermal properties of Ni-P(-SiC) coating on high volume fraction SiC_p/Al composite

Ni-P(-SiC) composite coatings were successfully deposited on 70 vol% SiC_p/Al composite by electroless plating. The surface microstructures and the phase structures of the Ni-P(-SiC) coatings were examined and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) before and after heat-treatment at 200-400 °C for 2 h. The thermal diffusivity of the deposited samples and the interface adhesion between the coating and the substrate were investigated. The experimental results show that SiC content in the coatings increases obviously and XRD peaks are enhanced with SiC content in the bath increasing from 3 to 9 g·L~(-1). After heat-treatment, the surface of the coating becomes smoother and no diffusion layer is produced at the interface. A new phase Ni_3P forms in the coating during heat-treatment at 400 °C. The critical load (L_c) of Ni-P-SiC composite coating on SiC_p/Al composite reaches the maximum value of 84.9 N with SiC content of 3 g·L~(-1) after heat-treatment at 200 °C and more or less decreases with the increase in SiC content and heat-treatment temperature. The thermal diffusivity of deposited samples gradually increases as the temperature increases; however, it reduces firstly and then climbs with the increase in SiC content.
Degradation of platinum electrocatalysts for methanol oxidation by lead contamination

Platinum exhibits high electrocatalytic activity toward various reactions but might be poisoned by some species. This communication reports a new finding that the electrocatalytic activity of platinum for methanol oxidation will be largely lost in a lead-contaminated environment. This activity loss is demonstrated in an electrochemical cell using a lead counter electrode for measuring the activity of platinum electrode towards methanol oxidation. The recorded methanol oxidation current in this cell is significantly decreased compared with that using a platinum counter electrode. The possible mechanism is related to the adsorption of trace lead ions from the lead counter electrode, as confirmed by comparing the calculated binding energies of platinum and lead ions with oxygen ion. This report is of great importance for reliably designing and efficiently managing direct methanol fuel cells, because trace lead might be present in various components in the fuel cell systems or in air and attention should be paid to its negative effect.
Thermal expansion-quench of nickel metal-organic framework into nanosheets for efficient visible light CO_2 reduction

Metal-organic framework nanosheets (MOF NNs) offer potential opportunities for many applications, but an efficient strategy for the scalable preparation of few-layered two-dimensional (2D) MOF NNs are still a major challenge. Herein, we present an efficient top-down method for the synthesis of the Ni-BDC (Ni2(OH)_2(1,4-BDC); 1,4-BDC=1,4-benzenedicarboxylate) nanosheets utilizing a novel thermal expansionquench method of the flowerlike bulky MOFs in liquid N2. The obtained Ni-BDC nanosheets exhibit significantly enhanced photocatalytic performance of reductive CO_2 deoxygenation (7.0 μmol h~(-1) mg~(-1)) under visible light illumination compared with the bulky MOFs, due to much higher surface area for CO_2 adsorption, more abundant active sites exposed and stronger electron transport ability of the nanosheets. More importantly, this synthetic strategy can be extended to fabricate other MOF nanosheets which also exhibit significantly improved performance for deoxygenative CO_2 reduction compared to their bulky counterparts. This work may provide a guideline for preparing other 2D layered photocatalysts materials to realize energy conversion applications.
Li-MOF-based ions regulator enabling fast-charging and dendrite-free lithium metal anode

Li metal has been regarded as the holy grail for the next-generation Li-ion battery. Li dendrites issues, however, impede its practical application. In general, prolonging the sand time of Li nucleation and regulating homogeneous Li~+ flux are effective approaches to suppress the dendrites formation and growth. Regarding this view, a functional polypropylene (PP) separator is developed to regulate ion transportation via a newly designed Li-based metal-organic framework (Li-MOF) coating. The Li-MOF crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group P212121 and features a double-walled three-dimensional (3D) structure with 1D channels. The well-defined intrinsic nanochannels of Li-MOF and the steric-hinerance effect both restrict free migration of anions, contributing to a high Li~+ transference number of 0.65, which improve the Sand time of Li nucleation. Meanwhile, the Li-MOF coating with uniform porous structure promotes homogeneous Li~+ flux at the surface of Li metal. Furthermore, the Li-MOF coating layer helps to build solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer that comprises of inorganic LiF and Li3N, which further prohibits the dendrites growth. Consequently, a highly stable Li plating/stripping cycling for over 1000 h is achieved. The functional separator also enables high-performance full lithium metal cells, the high-rate and long-stable cycling performance of LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1 (NMC811)-Li and LiCoO_2 (LCO)-Li cells further demonstrate the feasibility of this concept.
Product Systems of C*-correspondences and Baaj-Skandalis Duality

Let X = {X_p}_(p∈P) be a product system over a lattice ordered group (G, P) with coefficients in a C *-algebra A. In this paper, we study the reduced crossed product of the gauge coaction δ of G on the Cuntz-Pimsner algebra NO_X~r. When X is a product system of Morita equivalence bimodules, we show that the reduced crossed product of the gauge coaction is Morita equivalent to the C *-algebra A.
Phase-coherence dynamics of frequency-comb emission via high-order harmonic generation in few-cycle pulse trains

Frequency-comb emission via high-order harmonic generation (HHG) provides an alternative method for the coherent vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) and extreme ultraviolet (XUV) radiation at ultrahigh repetition rates.In particular,the temporal and spectral features of the HHG were shown to carry profound insight into frequency-comb emission dynamics.Here we present an ab initio investigation of the temporal and spectral coherence of the frequency comb emitted in HHG of He atom driven by few-cycle pulse trains.We find that the emission of frequency combs features a destructive and constructive coherences caused by the phase interference of HHG,leading to suppression and enhancement of frequency-comb emission.The results reveal intriguing and substantially different nonlinear optical response behaviors for frequency-comb emission via HHG.The dynamical origin of frequency-comb emission is clarified by analyzing the phase coherence in HHG processes in detail.Our results provide fresh insight into the experimental realization of selective enhancement of frequency comb in the VUV-XUV regimes.
A kind of multiwavelength erbium-doped fiber laser based on Lyot filter

A multiwavelength tunable ring-cavity erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) based on a Lyot filter was presented.For the proposed Lyot filter,a comb filter consisting of an EDF-polarization-maintaining fiber (EDF-PMF),a polarization controller (PC),and a circulator with four ports was used to suppress the mode competition.The light transmission direction was guaranteed by the circulator.For the proposed fiber laser,tunable single,dual,triple,quadruple,quintuple,sextuple,and septuple wavelengths were realized.A single-wavelength laser output with an optical signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of up to 30.56 dB was realized,and a tuning range of 1590.54 nm to 1599.54 nm was achieved by tuning the PC.The stability of the single,dual,triple,and quadruple-wavelength center power fluctuations was less than 0.05 dB,0.98 dB,5.07 dB,and 7.71 dB respectively.When the laser was operated in the multiwavelength condition,the SNR was more than 20.97 dB.The proposed erbium-doped fiber laser is suitable for fiber-sensing system applications.
Prediction of one-dimensional CrN nanostructure as a promising ferromagnetic half-metal

Searching for one-dimensional (1D) nanostructure with ferromagnetic (FM) half-metallicity is of significance for the development of miniature spintronic devices.Here,based on the first-principles calculations,we propose that the 1D CrN nanostructure is a FM half-metal,which can generate the fully spin-polarized current.The ab initio molecular dynamic simulation and the phonon spectrum calculation demonstrate that the 1D CrN nanostructure is thermodynamically stable.The partially occupied Cr-d orbitals endow the nanostructure with FM half-metallicity,in which the half-metallic gap (Ds) reaches up to 1.58 eV.The ferromagnetism in the nanostructure is attributed to the superexchange interaction between the magnetic Cr atoms,and a sizable magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy (MAE) is obtained.Moreover,the transverse stretching of nanostructure can effectively modulate Ds and MAE,accompanied by the preservation of half-metallicity.A nanocable is designed by encapsulating the CrN nanostructure with a BN nanotube,and the intriguing magnetic and electronic properties of the nanostructure are retained.These novel characteristics render the 1D CrN nanostructure as a compelling candidate for exploiting high-performance spintronic devices.
Effect of dynamic loading conditions on the dynamic performance of MP1 energy-absorbing rockbolts: Insight from laboratory drop test

Energy-absorbing rockbolts have been widely adopted in burst-prone excavation support, and their serviceability is closely related to the frequency and magnitude of seismic events. In this research, the splittube drop test with varying impact energy was conducted to reproduce the dynamic performance of MP1 rockbolts under a wide range of seismic event magnitudes. The test results showed that the impact process could be subdivided into four distinct stages, i.e. mobilization, strain hardening, plastic flow (ductile), and rebound stage, of which strain hardening and plastic flow are the primary energy absorbing stages. As the impact energy per drop increases from 8.1 to 46.7 kJ, the strain rate of the shank varies between 1.20 and 2.70 s~(-1), and the average impact load is between 240 and 270 kN, which may be considered as constant. The MP1 rockbolt has a cumulative maximum energy absorption (CMEA) of 31.9- 40.0 kJ/m, with an average of 35.0 kJ/m, and the elongation rate is 11.4%-14.7%, with an average of 12.7%, both of which are negatively correlated with the impact energy per drop. Regression analysis shows that energy absorption and shank elongation, as well as momentum input and impact duration, conform to the linear relationship. The complete dynamic capacity envelope of MP1 rockbolts is proposed, which reflects the dynamic bearing capacity, elongation, and distinct stages. This study is helpful to better understand the dynamic characteristics of energy-absorbing rockbolts and assist design engineers in robust reinforcement systems design to mitigate rockburst damage in seismically active underground excavations.
Trunk volume estimation of irregular shaped Populus euphratica riparian forest using TLS point cloud data and multivariate prediction models

Background:Trunk volume (V_t) is an essential parameter for estimating forest stand volume,biomass,and carbon sequestration potential.As the dominant tree species in desert riparian forests,Euphrates poplar (Populus euphratica) has a high proportion of irregularly shaped tree trunks along the Tarim River,NW China,where the habitat is very fragile owing to long-term water stress.This causes uncertainty in estimation accuracy as well as technical challenges for forest surveys.Our study aimed to acquire P.euphratica V_t using terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and to establish a species-specific V_t prediction model.Methods:A total of 240 individual trees were measured by TLS multiple-station in 12 sampling plots in three sections along the lower reaches of the Tarim River.V_t was calculated by a definite integration method using trunk diameters (Di) at every 0.1-m tree height obtained from TLS,and all data were split randomly into two sets:70% of data were used to estimate the model parameter calibration,and the remaining 30% were used for model validation.Sixteen widely used candidate tree V_t estimation models were fitted to the TLS-measured V_t and tree structural parameter data,including tree height (H),diameter at breast height (DBH),and basal diameter (BD).All model performances were evaluated and compared by the statistical parameters of determination coefficient (R~2),root mean square error (RMSE),Bayesian information criterion (BIC),mean prediction error (ME),mean absolute error (MAE),and modeling efficiency (EF),and accordingly the best model was selected.Results:TLS point cloud reflection intensity (RI) has advantageous in the extraction of data from irregular tree trunk structures.The P.euphratica tree V_t values showed obvious differences at the same tree height (H).There was no significant correlation between V_t and H (R~2 = 0.11,P <0.01),which reflected the irregularity of P.euphratica trunk shape in the study area.Among all the models,model (14):V_t = 0.909DBH~(1.184)H~(0.487)BD~(0.836) (R~2 = 0.97,RMSE = 0.14) had the best prediction capability for irregularly shaped V_t with the highest R~2,BIC (-37.96),and EF (0.96),and produced a smaller ME (0.006) and MAE (1.177) compared to other models.The prediction accuracy was 93.18%.
Finite-Horizon l_2-l_∞ State Estimation for Networked Systems Under Mixed Protocols

This letter is concerned with the finite-horizon l_2-l_∞ state estimation (SE) problem for a class of networked time-delay systems where the measurements are transmitted through two individual communication channels. With the aim of preventing the transmitted data from conflicts, the signal transmissions over such the communication channels are scheduled by different communication protocols, namely the stochastic communication protocol (SCP) and Round- Robin protocol (RRP). A mixed scheduling model is proposed to describe the transmission behaviors subject to such two protocols. The objective of this letter is to design an estimator such that the estimation error achieves the desired finite-horizon - performance in the mean square. By using the Lyapunov stability theory, a sufficient condition is proposed to guarantee the existence of the desired estimator. An illustrative simulation example is given to verify the effectiveness and correctness of the proposed design scheme.
前胸壁髓外浆细胞瘤1例

讨论EMP是指发生于骨髓造血组织外的浆细胞肿瘤,临床罕见;多发生于头颈部及上呼吸道黏膜下,常见于鼻咽部和喉部等淋巴组织分布丰富处。EMP影像学表现缺乏特异性,可表现为大病灶内存在较小坏死,可同时累及多个部位,增强后呈中度强化;病灶具有融合倾向,可包绕周围血管而形成 "夹心饼干"征。本例前胸壁EMP CT未见明显坏死,病灶整体呈轻-中度渐进性强化,中心未见明显强化而导致误诊。EMP超声表现亦缺乏特异性,一般呈不均匀低回声。本例前胸壁EMP体积较大,导致超声无法清晰显示其部分边缘及后方边界,造成局部边界不清而与CT表现不符。EMP需与其他软组织肿瘤相鉴别,如纤维肉瘤、骨孤立性浆细胞瘤及骨转移瘤等。最终确诊需依靠病理学检查。
新型冠状病毒感染诊疗方案(试行第十版)

为进一步做好新型冠状病毒感染(COVID-19)诊疗工作,我们组织专家在《新型冠状病毒肺炎诊疗方案(试行第九版)》基础上,制定了《新型冠状病毒感染诊疗方案(试行第十版)》。
Valley-dependent topological edge states in plasma photonic crystals

Plasma photonic crystals designed in this paper are composed of gas discharge tubes to control the flow of electromagnetic waves. The band structures calculated by the finite element method are consistent with the experimental results which have two distinct attenuation peaks in the ranges of 1-2.5 GHz and 5-6GHz. Electromagnetic parameters of the plasma are extracted by the Nicolson-Ross-Weir method and effective medium theory. The measured electron density is between 1 × 10~(11) cm~(-3) and 1 × 10~(12) cm~(-3), which verifies the correctness of the parameter used in the simulation, and the collision frequency is near 1.5 × 10~(10) Hz. As the band structures are corroborated by the measured scattering parameters, we introduce the concept of photonic topological insulator based on the quantum Valley Hall effect into the plasma photonic crystal. A valley-dependent plasma photonic crystal with hexagonal lattice is constructed, and the phase transition of the valley K(K') occurs by breaking the spatial inversion symmetry. Valley-spin locked topological edge states are generated and excited by chiral sources. The frequency of the non-bulk state can be dynamically regulated by the electron density. This concept paves the way for novel, tunable topological edge states. More interestingly, the Dirac cone is broken when the electron density increases to 3.1 × 10~(12) cm~(-3), which distinguishes from the methods of applying a magnetic field and changing the symmetry of the point group.
Automated Two-stage Conversion of Hourly Optimal DC Flow Solution to AC Power Flow

Conversion of hourly dispatch cases derived using DC optimal power flow (DCOPF) to AC power flow (ACPF) case is often challenging and requires arduous human analysis and intervention. This paper proposes an automated two-stage approach to solve ACPF formulated from DCOPF dispatch cases. The first stage involved the use of the conventional Newton Raphson method to solve the ACPF from flat start, then ACPF cases that are unsolvable in the first stage are subjected to a hot-starting incremental method, based on homotopy continuation, in the second stage. Critical tasks such as the addition of reactive power compensation and tuning of voltage setpoints that typically require human intervention were automated using a criteria-based selection method and optimal power flow respectively. Two datasets with hourly dispatches for the 243-bus reduced WECC system were used to test the proposed method. The algorithm was able to convert 100% of the first set of dispatch cases to solved ACPF cases. In the second dataset with suspect dispatch cases to represent an extreme conversion scenario, the algorithm created solved ACPF cases that satisfied a defined success criterion for 77.8% of the dispatch cases. The average run time for the hot-starting algorithm to create a solved ACPF case for a dispatch was less than 1 minute for the reduced WECC system.
Single-stage Five-level Common Ground Transformerless Inverter with Extendable Structure for Centralized Photovoltaics

The paper presents a five-level common ground type (5L-CGT), transformer-less inverter topology with double voltage boosting. The proposed inverter uses eight switches and two capacitors, charged at input voltage level. The inverter in its basic form acts as a string inverter for low-power PV applications. However, it can be extended to work as a scalable multi-level inverter with higher power handling capability to act as a centralized inverter. The working of the inverter with the sizing of the components is presented with mathematical analysis. The efficiency of the proposed PV inverter is found using thermal losses associated with switches using PLECS software. A prototype of 1 kW has been designed, and experimentation has been carried out. Various loads with a lagging power factor up to 0.6 have been tested with the inverter to establish the usability of the proposed inverter in a worst-case emulated homeuse scenario. The total harmonic distortion (THD) at the output has been recorded using a power quality analyzer with voltage and current THD values of 4.5% and 2.5%, respectively, which lies within the limits of IEEE 519 standards. The highest power conversion efficiency of the inverter has been recorded to be 96.20%.
Correction of Time-varying PMU Phase Angle Deviation with Unknown Transmission Line Parameters

Phasor measurement units (PMUs) provide useful data for real-time monitoring of the smart grid. However, there may be time-varying deviation in phase angle differences (PADs) between both ends of the transmission line (TL), which may deteriorate application performance based on PMUs. To address that, this paper proposes two robust methods of correcting time-varying PAD deviation with unknown parameters of TL (ParTL). First, the phenomena of time-varying PAD deviation observed from field PMU data are presented. Two general formulations for PAD estimation are then established. To simplify the formulations, estimation of PADs is converted into the optimal problem with a single ParTL as the variable, yielding a linear estimation of PADs. The latter is used by second-order Taylor series expansion to estimate PADs accurately. To reduce the impact of possible abnormal amplitude data in field data, the IGG (Institute of Geodesy & Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences) weighting function is adopted. Results using both simulated and field data verify the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed methods.
Personalized Federated Learning for Individual Consumer Load Forecasting

Installation of smart meters enables electricity retailers or consumers to implement individual load forecasting for demand response. An individual load forecasting model can be trained either on each consumer's own smart meter data or the smart meter data of multiple consumers. The former practice may suffer from overfitting if a complex model is trained because the dataset is limited; the latter practice cannot protect the privacy of individual consumers. This paper tackles the dilemma by proposing a personalized federated approach for individual consumer load forecasting. Specifically, a group of consumers first jointly train a federated forecasting model on the shared smart meter data pool, and then each consumer personalizes the federated forecasting model on their own data. Comprehensive case studies are conducted on an open dataset of 100 households. Results verify the proposed method can enhance forecasting accuracy by making full use of data from other consumers with privacy protection.
骶四针治疗肾结石术后尿路感染案

血淋之病,总属本虚标实,选用芒针深刺骶四穴,既可激发腰骶部充盛阳气滋补肾阴,以治本之根;又可利尿通淋、缓急止痛,以解标之急。借以此案,以飨同道。
运动想象与动作观察在认知康复中的潜在应用价值

认知缺陷是中枢神经疾病的一种常见症状,多见于脑外伤、脑卒中和神经系统退行性病变等人群。认知缺陷不仅影响肢体运动功能康复的效果,而且是导致患者自我照顾及活动参与能力丧失的首要原因之一,因此,认知功能康复在神经康复领域十分重要。运动想象(motor imagery,MI)一直被视为是认知运动过程的窗口,它是一种能激活大脑感觉运动区域的行为,它可以激活与实际运动(运动执行)相同的大脑区域。动作观察(action observation,AO)则是利用镜像神经元系统来激活运动共振机制发挥效应。两者均可激活大脑皮层运动区的神经单元,对患者的运动行为与运动表现产生积极的、可持续性的影响。然而,MI与AO仅用于运动功能康复,其在认知康复领域的应用并未得到推广,缺乏临床证据。本文将通过分析MI与AO神经机制,进而探究两者对认知功能可能产生的作用机制,为中枢神经损伤后认知障碍康复提供一种全新的治疗理念与技术。
保元汤的研究现状

保元汤兼益气、补虚、培元于一身,是中医补虚之经典方剂。通过查阅及梳理保元汤的相关文献,总结保元汤的药理作用机制和临床应用研究。现代研究表明,保元汤化裁具有抗心力衰竭、抗心肌肥厚、抗心肌缺血、抗心律失常、抗慢性应激、抗缺氧、抗纤维化、增强机体免疫功能和抗肌肉萎缩等作用,可应用于心血管系统、血液系统、中枢神经系统、呼吸系统、肿瘤相关以及传染性疾病等的治疗中。目前关于该复方有效成分的研究较少,为了更好地阐明保元汤发挥临床疗效的作用机制,加强对保元汤全方的物质基础、量效关系的研究极其重要。现将近15年保元汤的药理作用机制和临床应用演变进行梳理,以期为该方的后续研究及临床应用提供参考。
阑尾低级别黏液性肿瘤~(18)F-FDG PET/CT显像1例

综上,LAMN作为不嗜FDG的低代谢肿瘤,诊断主要依赖于临床症状及同机CT的影像学表现,当患者有慢性阑尾炎病史,CEA或CA19-9进行性升高,CT表现为局灶性囊性肿块,囊壁增厚且环周强化时,即使阑尾FDG代谢未见明显升高,依据LAMN典型的影像学特征,要考虑LAMN可能,本例患者即是基于此种诊断思维而做出的正确诊断。