mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Active and switchable thermal control

In the past century, actively controlling electron transport has led to unprecedented advances in the digital world. Controlling phonon(i.e., thermal)transport like electron transport is a current topic of interest. To realize active and switchable thermal control(Figure 1), numerous studies have been conducted recently due to the emerging challenges in the fields of thermal management, heating and refrigeration,energy harvesting and conversion, etc. For active and switchable thermal control, it is important to measure the switching ratio. Additionally, switching time, working temperature range, and number of switching cycles are the three other important factors considering practical applications. To date, many material systems, such as phase change materials and nanoparticle suspensions, have been investigated for thermal switching [1], which has led to significant advances.
Collaboration between Earth Sciences and Archaeology:Technology,resources,and synthesis

The collaboration between archaeology and science can be tracked back to more than two hundred years ago and has undoubtedly led to fruitful results (for review see Pollard et al.,2007:5).One great example is attributed to the invention of radiocarbon dating by Willard F.Libby,with the help of ancient Egyptian samples,which ultimately granted him a Nobel Prize in 1960.Introducing scientific methods to archaeology is essentially an iterative process.Answers to the old questions will inevitably stimulate new ones (Liu and Pollard,2022a).Up to now,archaeological science moves towards a big-data era,shifting from one single object to a much broader time and space.The radically increasing size and scale of the data begins to enable scholars chart communication across much longer distance,sometimes across the entire Eurasia over several millennia (e.g.,Roberts and Thornton,2014;Robbeets et al.,2021).But new challenges also start to emerge.The first and foremost is how to combine the legacy data with the new ones.The latter could be better in terms of data quality,such as precision and accuracy,whereas the former often covers a much larger time and space,therefore crucial for many comparative purposes in archaeology.Owing to the growing size and diversity of the data,the second challenge involves reconstruction of more complex theoretical models to explain the changes in the ancient times.Changes are always important and intriguing to archaeologists.However,their underlying causes are multiple,interdependent and dynamic.Big schemes in archaeological science,such as human migrations (e.g.,Wang et al.,2021),palaeoclimatology (e.g.,Jaffe et al.,2021),technological innovation and invention (e.g.,Sillar and Tite,2000;Walsh et al.,2019) and movement and management of strategic resources (Liu et al.,2020;Berger et al.,2022) are all intertwined together.It is the disentangling process of their correlation and causality that becomes vital to building up a broader and coherent narrative that attracts wider audience.
A-site cation engineering enables oriented Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites towards efficient solar cells

Quasi two-dimensional (Q-2D) perovskites with favorable environment stability and satisfied device performance are attracting great attention and becoming star materials.The unique characteristics of more wide range of Goldschmidt tolerance factor endow Q-2D perovskites with exceptional composition tunability and great potential.Herein,Guanidinium (Gua) was firstly introduced into the octahedral cation site of BA_2MA_3Pb_4I_(13) perovskite to partially replace methylammonium (MA).With the incorporation of Gua,the XRD intensity ratio of (202)/(111) increased nearly 100% for control and 0.10Gua-mixed Q-2D perovskite,from1.49 to 2.84,indicating that the layered perovskite crystallization orientation is significantly regulated.Coupling with GIWAXS results,a preferential orientation Q-2D perovskite film was obtained.Meanwhile,the Gua-based Q-2D perovskite exhibits significantly reduced nonradiative recombination,which greatly promotes the efficient transport of carriers leading to a high efficiency of 15.41% in the BA_2(MA_(0.9)GA_(0.1))_3Pb_4I_(13)-based solar cell.Moreover,the solar cells display superior environmental stability at an average humidity of 35%±5% in the air for 1200 h.This work points the way to the regulation of crystal orientation for enhancing the performance of Q-2D perovskite by the A-site cation engineering.
Anisotropic refraction and valley-spin-dependent anomalous Klein tunneling in a 1T'-MoS_2-based p-n junction

We investigate the transport properties of electron in a 1T'-MoS_2-based p-n junction. The anisotropic refraction of electron is found when the electron beam crosses the p-n junction, which brings the phenomenon of valley splitting without any external fields. Moreover, it is found that the valley-spin-dependent anomalous Klein tunneling, i.e., the perfect transmission exists at a nonzero incident angle of valley-spin-dependent electron, happens when the vertical electric field is equal to the critical electric field. These two peculiar properties arise from the same reason that the tilted band structure makes the directions of wavevector and velocity different. Our work designs a special valley splitter without any external fields and finds a new type of Klein tunneling.
SERS activity of carbon nanotubes modified by silver nanoparticles with different particle sizes

A two-dimensional (2D) surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate is fabricated by decorating carbon nanotube (CNT) films with Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) in different sizes, via simple and low-cost chemical reduction method and self-assembling method. The change of Raman and SERS activity of carbon nanotubes/Ag nanoparticles (CNTs/AgNPs) composites with varying size of AgNPs are investigated by using rhodamine 6G (R6G) as a probe molecule. Meanwhile, the scattering cross section of AgNPs and the distribution of electric field of CNTs/AgNPs composite are simulated through finite difference time domain (FDTD) method. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) wavelength is redshifted as the size of AgNPs increases, and the intensity of SERS and electric field increase with AgNPs size increasing. The experiment and simulation results show a Raman scattering enhancement factor (EF) of 10~8 for the hybrid substrate.
Universal order-parameter and quantum phase transition for two-dimensional q-state quantum Potts model

We investigate quantum phase transitions for q-state quantum Potts models (q = 2,3, 4) on a square lattice and for the Ising model on a honeycomb lattice by using the infinite projected entangled-pair state algorithm with a simplified updating scheme. We extend the universal order parameter to a two-dimensional lattice system, which allows us to explore quantum phase transitions with symmetry-broken order for any translation-invariant quantum lattice system of the symmetry group G. The universal order parameter is zero in the symmetric phase, and it ranges from zero to unity in the symmetry-broken phase. The ground-state fidelity per lattice site is computed, and a pinch point is identified on the fidelity surface near the critical point. The results offer another example highlighting the connection between (i) critical points for a quantum many-body system undergoing a quantum phase-transition and (ii) pinch points on a fidelity surface. In addition, we discuss three quantum coherence measures: the quantum Jensen-Shannon divergence, the relative entropy of coherence, and the l_1 norm of coherence, which are singular at the critical point, thereby identifying quantum phase transitions.
Surface electron doping induced double gap opening in T_d-WTe_2

By using scanning tunneling microscopy, we investigated the electronic evolution of T_d-WTe_2 via in-situ surface alkali K atoms deposition. The T_d-WTe_2 surface is electron doped upon K deposition, and as the K coverage increases, two gaps are sequentially opened near Fermi energy, which probably indicates that two phase transitions concomitantly occur during electron doping. The two gaps both show a dome-like dependence on the K coverage. While the bigger gap shows no prominent dependence on the magnetic field, the smaller one can be well suppressed and thus possibly corresponds to the superconducting transition. This work indicates that T_d-WTe_2 exhibits rich quantum states closely related to the carrier concentration.
Solutions and memory effect of fractional-order chaotic system: A review

Fractional calculus is a 300 years topic, which has been introduced to real physics systems modeling and engineering applications. In the last few decades, fractional-order nonlinear chaotic systems have been widely investigated. Firstly, the most used methods to solve fractional-order chaotic systems are reviewed. Characteristics and memory effect in those method are summarized. Then we discuss the memory effect in the fractional-order chaotic systems through the fractionalorder calculus and numerical solution algorithms. It shows that the integer-order derivative has full memory effect, while the fractional-order derivative has nonideal memory effect due to the kernel function. Memory loss and short memory are discussed. Finally, applications of the fractional-order chaotic systems regarding the memory effects are investigated. The work summarized in this manuscript provides reference value for the applied scientists and engineering community of fractional-order nonlinear chaotic systems.
A Global Multiregional Proteomic Map of the Human Cerebral Cortex

The Brodmann area (BA)-based map is one of the most widely used cortical maps for studies of human brain functions and in clinical practice; however, the molecular architecture of BAs remains unknown. The present study provided a global multiregional proteomic map of the human cerebral cortex by analyzing 29 BAs. These 29 BAs were grouped into 6 clusters based on similarities in proteomic patterns: the motor and sensory cluster, vision cluster, auditory and Broca’s area cluster, Wernicke’s area cluster, cingulate cortex cluster, and heterogeneous function cluster. We identified 474 cluster-specific and 134 BA-specific signature proteins whose functions are closely associated with specialized functions and disease vulnerability of the corresponding cluster or BA. The findings of the present study could provide explanations for the functional connections between the anterior cingulate cortex and sensorimotor cortex and for anxiety-related function in the sensorimotor cortex. The brain transcriptome and proteome comparison indicates that they both could reflect the function of cerebral cortex, but show different characteristics. These proteomic data are publicly available at the Human Brain Proteome Atlas (www.brain-omics.com). Our results may enhance our understanding of the molecular basis of brain functions and provide an important resource to support human brain research.
Risk Factors for Anesthesia-Related Airway Patient Safety Incidents: A Single-Center Retrospective Case-Control Analysis from 2009 to 2022

Objective Airway-related patient safety incident (PSI) has always been the top concern of anesthesiologists because this type of incidents could severely threaten patient safety if not treated immediately and properly. This study intends to reveal the composition, prognosis, and to identify risk factors for airway related incidents reported by anesthesiologists. Methods All airway related PSIs reported by anesthesiologists in a Chinese academic hospital between September 2009 and May 2022 were collected from the PSI reporting system. Patients with airway incidents reported were matched 1:1 with controls based on sex and type of surgery. Univariable and multivariable analysis were performed to find risk factors associated with airway incident occurrence, and to evaluate influence of airway PSIs on patient prognosis. Results Among 1,038 PSIs voluntarily reported by anesthesiologists during the study period, 281 cases (27.1%) were airway-related incidents, with an overall reporting incidence of 4.74 per 10,000 among 592,884 anesthesia care episodes. Only ASA physical status was found to be significant independent predictor of these airway PSIs (P = 0.020). Patients with airway PSIs reported had longer extubation time (0.72 ± 1.56 d vs. 0.16 ± 0.77 d, 95%CI: 0.29 to 0.82, P < 0.001), longer ICU length of stay (LOS) (1.63 ± 5.71 d vs. 0.19 ± 0.84 d, 95%CI: 0.57 to 2.32, P = 0.001), longer post operative LOS (10.56 ± 13.09 d vs. 7.59 ± 10.76 d, 95%CI: 0.41 to 5.53, P = 0.023), and longer total in-hospital LOS (14.99 ± 15.18 d vs. 11.62 ± 11.88 d, 95%CI: 0.46 to 6.27, P = 0.024). Conclusions This single-center retrospective case-control study describes the composition of airwayrelated PSIs reported by anesthesiologists within thirteen years. Airway incidents might influence patient prognosis by elongating extubation time and LOS. Airway PSI data were worth analyzing to improve patient safety.
Molten salt electrochemical modulation of Ni/Co nanoparticles onto N-doped carbon for oxygen reduction

Activation of oxygen over non-precious materials has been an imperative task to develop efficient electrochemical energy storage and conversion such as fuel cells and metal-air batteries. Herein, a molten salt electrochemical modulation of metal-nitrogen-carbon based compounds (M-N-C) is achieved. By electrochemical treatment of polydopamine-coated NiCo_2O_4 (NiCo_2O_4@PDA) in molten Li_2CO_3-Na_2CO_3- K_2CO_3 at 500 ℃, Ni/Co bimetal-nitrogen-carbon catalyst (denoted as Ni/Co@NC) consisting of Ni-Co nanoparticles anchoring on porous nitrogen-doped carbon is constructed and evaluated as electrocatalysts towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Experimental and calculation results confirm that alloying of Ni-Co and nitrogen doping to carbon enhances the rate-determining transformation of *OH intermediate during ORR. The Ni/Co@NC hence shows an ORR activity comparable with the commercial Pt/C.
Methane hydrate formation in porous media: Overview and perspectives

Natural gas hydrate (NGH) has recently received more attention as a cleaner alternative energy source that not only reduces carbon emissions caused by the use of conventional fossil fuels but also plays a key role in global climate change. Furthermore, hydrate-based technologies, particularly hydrate-based carbon capture and storage, have enormous promise for decreasing global carbon emissions, and porous media play an important role in all hydrate-based technologies. Accordingly, this paper reviews the recent applications of porous media in the field of methane hydrate (MH) formation and analyzes the influence of porous media systems on MH phase equilibria and formation kinetics. This is because the efficiency of hydrate-based technologies is determined mainly by the phase equilibrium and formation kinetics of hydrates. The influence of the nature of the media on MH formation in porous media systems is comprehensively summarized to understand how porous media can efficiently enhance the kinetics of hydrate formation. Promoters are necessary for rapid hydrate formation, and the effect of various promoters on MH formation was also evaluated. Based on the aforementioned overview and understanding, the mechanisms for MH formation in various porous media systems are proposed. Finally, the future perspectives and challenges of hydrate-based technologies in tackling global climate change were discussed. This review provides a fundamental understanding of the application and development of porous media in rapid hydrate formation, a fair evaluation of the performance of various porous media systems, and critical insights into major research foci.
Effect of specifically-adsorbed polysulfides on the electron transfer kinetics of sodium metal anodes

Room-temperature sodium-sulfur (RT Na-S) batteries hold great promise for large-scale energy storage applications owing to the high energy density and earth-abundance of Na and S. However, the dissolution and migration of sodium polysulfides, uncontrollable Na dendrite growth, and the lack of studies on Na electrodeposition kinetics have hindered the development of these batteries. Herein, we reveal the mechanism of sodium polysulfides on the Na plating/stripping kinetics using a three-electrode system. First, the kinetic behavior deviates from the commonly supposed Butler-Volmer model, which is well described by the Marcus model. In addition, the specific adsorption of polysulfides on the sodium electrode surface is a key factor influencing the kinetics. Higher-order polysulfides (S8 2- and S6 2-) exhibit distinct specific adsorption behaviors because of their high adsorption energies compared to lower-order polysulfides (S4 2- and S2 2-). The electrostatic effect caused by specific adsorption can accelerate the kinetics, whereas the blocking effect can slow the kinetics. Thus, this competitive relationship enables low concentrations of high-order polysulfides to stimulate kinetics. This implies that a weak shuttle effect is beneficial for obtaining a stable Na deposition in RT Na-S batteries. An in-depth understanding of the Na electrodeposition kinetics provides beneficial clues for future metal sodium/electrolyte interface designs.
Photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants using green oil palm frond-derived carbon quantum dots/titanium dioxide as multifunctional photocatalysts under visible light radiation

The present work suggested the use of waste oil palm frond as an alternative precursor for nitrogendoped carbon quantum dots (NCQDs) and proposed a straightforward in-situ hydrothermal method for the preparation of NCQDs/TiO_2 nanocomposites. The elemental composition, morphological, structural and optical characteristics of NCQDs/TiO_2 nanocomposites have been comprehensively investigated. The successful grafting of NCQDs on TiO_2 matrix was confirmed by the formation of TiAOAC bond and the electronic coupling between the p-states of NCQDs and the conduction band of TiO_2. For the first time, the oil palm frond-derived NCQDs/TiO_2 was adopted in the photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) under visible-light irradiation. As a result, the photocatalytic efficiency of NCQDs/TiO_2 nanocomposites (86.16%) was 2.85 times higher than its counterpart TiO_2 (30.18%). The enhanced performance of nanocomposites was attributed to the pivotal roles of NCQDs serving as electron mediator and visiblelight harvester. Besides, the optimal NCQDs loading was determined at 4 ml while the removal efficiency of NCQDs/TiO_2-4 was the highest at a catalyst dosage of 1 g·L~(-1) under alkaline condition. This research work is important as it proposed a new insight to the preparation of biomass-based NCQDs/TiO_2 using a facile synthetic method, which offers a green and sustainable water remediation technology.
计算机技术在储能行业中的应用研究

当前,随着全球气候变暖,环境日益恶劣,人类对于生活环境的要求也越来越高。能源的发展,开始从粗放型转变为集约型,这也符合各国生态环境的建设要求,是全世界共同进步的共识选择。在现阶段,我国也开始关注能源的发展,特别是清洁能源的发展,投入了大量的资金、人力、物力,特别在财政税收方面,给予了较大的支持,比如新能源汽车的发展、风电项目、水电项目等,都有一定的税收补贴或减税政策。而新能源的缺点,就是与传统的能源相比,能源容量的波动性较大,特别是风能、太阳能、潮汐能等,受到天气变化影响较大,难以满足能源安全的要求和末端用户能源容量稳定性的使用要求。
两侧锁骨上臂丛神经区域血管解剖结构异常患者一例

综上所述,所有实施超声引导下锁骨上臂丛神经阻滞的麻醉科医师都应该谨慎地评估超声解剖声像,有利于避免局麻药扩散失败和并发症的发生,特别是血管内注射药物。因此,在进行超声引导下锁骨上臂丛神经阻滞时应该在获取最佳穿刺图像后,有必要调整超声探头的压力和倾斜度,确定没有血管的存在,再一边回抽一边进针和注药,如果在不能确定的情况下应尽量避免穿刺,而改用其他麻醉方式。
2021年7月美国发现从尼日利亚返回德克萨斯州达拉斯的旅行者感染猴痘

猴痘是一种罕见的、有时能危及生命的人兽共患传染病。 2018年9月至2021年6月期间,从尼日利亚到非洲以外国家旅行人群中发现6例猴痘确诊病例;其中2例导致了继发病例。 2021年7月,美国发现从尼日利亚旅游回来的居民感染了猴痘病毒。开展的公共卫生调查包括识别和监测暴露人员,对潜在污染表面进行消毒。无继发病例产生。尼日利亚持续的猴痘病毒传播可能会导致美国出现另外零星的输入病例。关键行动和经验总结包括早期临床怀疑、及时向公共卫生部门报告,并知晓可能具有高风险的暴露类型。
免疫检查点抑制剂相关性肠炎的临床病理特征及分子机制

目前,经获批的针对免疫检查点抑制剂(immune checkpoint inhibitors,ICI)包括PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂、CTL-A4抑制剂、PI3Kδ同型抑制剂等。获批的适应症也越来越广泛,使越来越多的晚期肿瘤患者获益。然而,部分患者出现的免疫相关性副反应可累及胃肠黏膜、肝脏、皮肤和肺,尤其是发生于肠道的免疫相关副作用是导致患者治疗不连续的主要原因。ICI相关性肠炎的临床表现、镜下特征和病理组织特征与一般性肠炎有重叠也有独特之处。该文就ICI的种类、ICI相关性肠炎的临床及病理学特征和发生的可能分子机制作一综述。
Response characteristics of plunge pool slabs of Xiaxiluodu Hydropower Station to flood discharge pulsating-pressure under valley deformation conditions

The key problem of the energy dissipation scheme of the arch dam body flood discharge and plunge pool below the dam is the stability problem of the plunge pool slab.As the protection structure of the underwater bed,the plunge pool slab bears the continuous impact of high-speed water flow.The hourly average dynamic water pressure on the slab is one of the main loads directly affecting the stability of the slab and is the main factor causing its erosion destruction.After the impoundment of the Xiluodu Hydropower Station,the measuring line of valley width in the plunge pool area has been continuously shrinking.By 2020,the cumulative shrinking value is about 80 mm.In light of the general background condition of valley shrinkage,daily inspection,annual detailed inspection,underwater inspection and drainage inspection of the plunge pool found that the plunge pool has experienced different degrees of damage,which greatly influences the long-term safety stability of the plunge pool.In this paper,the prototype observation data of flood discharge is used as the input load of pulsatingpressure,and the stress and displacement distribution of the plunge pool structure under the vibration load of flood discharge is analyzed under the condition that the stress and strain state of the plunge pool is changed under the influence of valley displacement.The results show that the stress,strain,and displacement distribution of the plunge pool are mainly caused by valley deformation,the vibration caused by flood discharge is little in influence,and the impact effect of deep hole flood discharge tongue on the plunge pool slab is weak.
Current progress in application of 1-Methylcyclopropene to improve postharvest quality of cut flowers

Floral senescence or petal abscission that determine cut flower quality and longevity are primarily caused by the regulation of endogenous ethylene and perception of endogenous and exogenous ethylene in floral organs (such as the petals and gynoecium),in ethylene-sensitive species.Several attempts have been made to prolong flower quality and longevity using silver ions and other chemicals that inhibit ethylene production and perception in floral organs.Among the available compounds,1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) has been increasingly used as ethylene-action/perception inhibitor because of its ability to inhibit ethylene action/perception and it is environmentally safe.Although 1-MCP has been used in several cut flower crops for about 25 years,there has been no review yet that critically emphasizes the benefits or difficulties of using this compound for the prolongation of cut flower quality and longevity.Here,we outline the role of 1-MCP in inhibiting ethylene action/perception and petal senescence in cut flowers through the blocking of receptor binding sites,and we discuss how various factors affecting efficacy of 1-MCP (such as concentration,treatment time and temperature,genotype,and flower stage) are involved in the achievement of flower longevity.Moreover,we highlight the advantages of applying nonvolatile and liquid 1-MCP formulation types,as opposed to using the conventional 1-MCP treatment (powder formulation type).We expect that this review will provide useful information for the future utilization of 1-MCP for the maintenance of cut flower longevity.