mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
157例类风湿关节炎患者合并症及并发症的临床研究

目的调查住院类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis, RA)患者合并症及并发症的临床特点并分析其影响因素。方法回顾性分析157例住院RA患者的合并症及并发症,分析影响因素与合并症及并发症的相关性。结果合并症及并发症总的发生率为84.71%。合并症主要为心血管系统82例(52.23% ):高血压57例(36.31% )、冠心病18例(11.46% )及心律失常7例(4.46% );骨骼系统58例(36.94% ):骨关节炎29例(18.47% )、骨质疏松25例(15.92%)、股骨头坏死4例(2.55%);消化系统14例(8.92%):胃炎10例(6.37%)、消化道溃疡4例(2.55% );并发症主要为血小板增高57例(36.31% )、贫血51例(32.48% )、低蛋白血症23例(14.65%)等。其他合并症及并发症包括高血脂46例(29.30% )、高血糖19例(12.10% )、肺部感染5例(3.18% )等。影响合并症和并发症发生的危险因素较多,如年龄、体重、总胆固醇等。其中总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白的OR及其95% CI分别是20.87(4.78 ~ 91.15) 、30.09(2.21 ~ 49.11)。结论RA患者合并症及并发症高达84.71% 。合并症中最多见的是心血管病变;并发症以血小板增高和贫血最常见。男性、高龄、长病程、体重和血沉等是其重要的危险因素。
Designing of 1 eV GaNAs/GaInAs superlattice subcell in current-matched four-junction solar cell

A reasonably-thick GaNAs/GaInAs superlattice could be an option as a roughly 1 eV subcell to achieve high-efficiency multi-junction solar cells on a lattice-matched Ge substrate. A detailed consideration of a highefficiency design for a GaInP/GaAs/l eV/Ge device is presented. Calculations have been done for this structure to obtain the confined energies of the electrons and holes by utilizing the Kronig-Penney model, as well as the absorption coefficient and thereby the external quantum efficiency. The effect of well layers, GaNAs or GaInAs, on the absorption and photocurrent density under the AM 1.5 condition is discussed in order to realize a requirement of current matching in the four-junction solar cells. The management of these considerations implies the feasibility of the GaNAs/GaInAs superlattice subcell design to improve the overall conversion efficiency of lattice matched GaInP/GaAs/l eV/Ge cells.
SAFE: a Scalable Filter-Based Packet Filtering Scheme

Recently, Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks have become the mainstream threat to the Internet service availability. The filter-based packet filtering is a key technology to defend against such attacks. Relying on the filtering location, the proposed schemes can be grouped into Victim-end Filtering and Source-end Filtering. The first scheme uses a single filtering router to block the attack flows near the victim, but does not take the factor that the filters are scarce resource into account, which causes the huge loss of legitimate flows; considering each router could contribute a few filters, the other extreme scheme pushes the filtering location back into each attack source so as to obtain ample filters, but this may incur the severe network transmission delay due to the abused filtering routers. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a scalable filter-based packet filtering scheme to balance the number of filtering routers and the available filters. Through emulating DoS scenarios based on the synthetic and real-world Internet topologies and further implementing the various filter-based packet filtering schemes on them, the results show that our scheme just uses fewer filtering routers to cut off all attack flows while minimizing the loss of legitimate flows.
Future needs for informed consent in stem cell clinical trials in neurodegenerative diseases

Translation of recent advances in stem cell research into clinical trials for restorative therapies for human disease is accelerating dramatically, with a strong focus upon neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). It is likely that first-in-human intracerebral transplantation of cells derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESC) and inducible pluripotent cells (iPS) will occur within the next few years (Tabar and Studer, 2014) and intraspinal transplantation of hESC-derived cells has been recently reported in ALS. As clinical trials are planned and implemented, it will be critical to attend to the ethical framework necessary for responsible translation of these scientifically compelling, but risky, interventions in humans. In particular, these clinical trials will present a variety of challenges to the informed consent process (de Melo-Martin et al., 2015). We therefore review barriers to obtaining a truly informed consent in early phase stem cell clinical trials in neurodegenerative conditions, and we describe procedures and interventions that have been investigated to potentially address and overcome these barriers.
Nootropics with potential to (re)build neuroarchitecture

Development of effective treatments for neurodegenerative disorders is a clinical conundrum that has puzzled many researchers. Currently available drugs target symptomatic relief rather than suppressing, ceasing or repairing the devastating neural damages. For Alzheimer's disease, two classes of procognitive compounds are approved as a treatment. One class is acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, including tacrine, donepezil, galantamine and rivastigmine, which increase the acetylcholine neurotransmitter level by inhibiting the hydrolysis of acetylcholine. The other class of drugs is N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists, including memantine, which are intended to suppress β-amyloid induced excitotoxicity. These compounds have produced only modest improvements in cognitive and behavioral symptoms in some Alzheimer's disease patients. Thus, tremendous efforts are being made to discover and develop more effective treatments for Alzheimer's disease.
Aqueous Extracts of Tribulus terrestris Protects Against Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein-lnduced Endothelial Dysfunction

Objective: To investigate the role of aqueous extracts of Tribulus terrestris (TT) against oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) dysfunction in vitro. Methods: HUVECs were pre-incubated for 60 min with TT (30 and 3 μg/mL respectively) or 10~(-5) mol/L valsartan (as positive controls) and then the injured endothelium model was established by applying 100 μg/mL ox-LDL for 24 h. Cell viability of HUVECs was observed by real-time cell electronic sensing assay and apoptosis rate by Annexin V/PI staining. The cell migration assay was performed with a transwell insert system. Cytoskeleton remodeling was observed by immunofluorescence assay. The content of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was assessed by immunofluorescence and flow cytometer. Key genes associated with the metabolism of ox-LDL were chosen for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to explore the possible mechanism of TT against oxidized LDL-induced endothelial dysfunction. Results: TT suppressed ox-LDL-induced HUVEC proliferation and apoptosis rates significantly (41.1% and 43.5% after treatment for 3 and 38 h, respectively; P<0.05). It also prolonged the HUVEC survival time and postponed the cell's decaying stage (from the 69th h to over 100 h). According to the immunofluorescence and transwell insert system assay, TT improved the endothelial cytoskeletal network, and vinculin expression and increased cell migration. Additionally, TT regulated of the synthesis of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (P<0.05). Both 30 and 3 μg/mL TT demonstrated similar efficacy to valsartan. TT normalized the increased mRNA expression of PI3Ka and Socs3. It also decreased mRNA expression of Akt1, AMPKa 1, JAK2,LepR and STAT3 induced by ox-LDL. The most notable changes were JAK2,LepR, PI3Kα, Socs3 and STAT3. Conclusions: TT demonstrated potential lowering lipid benefits, anti-hypertension and endothelial protective effects. It also suggested that the JAK2/STAT3 and/or PI3K/AKT pathway might be a very important pathway which was involved in the pharmacological mechanism of TT as the vascular protective agent.
栗锦迁降糖方对2型糖尿病患者生存质量影响的近期疗效观察

目的观察栗锦迁降糖方对2型糖尿病患者生存质量的影响。方法100例2型糖尿病患者随机分为治疗组50例,对照组50例,对照组予以基础治疗,治疗组在对照组治疗基础上,加用降糖颗粒方。疗程3个月。观察两组治疗前后中医症状评分、空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2小时血糖(2hPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)等实验室检查及DSQL量表评分变化。结果两组患者治疗后中医症状疗效比较,经秩和检验,有显著性差异(P<0.01)。两组患者治疗后较治疗前HbA1c、FBG、2hPG均有所下降,经t检验,有显著性差异;但组间差值比比较,差异无统计学意义(P >0.05)。治疗后DSQL评分比较,经t检验,治疗组和对照组均能显著降低DSQL量表总评分及各维度评分,经统计学检验(各项比较P均<0.01),有显著性差异。组间比较,经t检验,治疗组在对DSQL量表总评分及生理功能、心理/精神维度的改善程度上较对照组更明显,经统计学检验,有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论栗锦迁降糖方能够减轻2型糖尿病患者临床症状,改善患者生存质量。
滇龙胆不同居群rDNA - ITS序列分析

目的研究云南代表性产地8个滇龙胆居群的rDNA ITS遗传差异,评价ITS用于滇龙胆产地鉴别的可行性。方法运用常规PCR法扩增rDNA ITS后直接测序。结果得到8个居群107个样品rDNA中的ITS和5.8SrDNA全长序列。其中,ITS2在滇龙胆种内居群间和居群内变异最为丰富,但未找到能反映特定居群的稀有单倍型。结论不同产地滇龙胆rDNA - ITS变异较大,但ITS在鉴别滇龙胆的产地上应用价值有限。
藏药珊瑚七十味丸中重金属含量的原子吸收分光光度法测定

目的建立珊瑚七十味丸中重金属含量测定的方法。方法采用浓硝酸-高氯酸消解珊瑚七十味丸样品,原子吸收分光光度法测定其中铜、铅、镉、砷、汞五种重金属的含量。结果6个批次的珊瑚七十味丸样品中铜和砷皆未超标,镉和汞全部超标,4个批次样品中铅超标;加样回收率93.15% ~ 102.05%, 相对标准偏差0.0775% ~1.4154%。结论该法准确度高,精密度好,在藏药的重金属含量检测中有较大的推广价值。
Theoretical Study About Effects of H_2O and Na~+ on Adsorption of CO_2 on Kaolinite Surfaces

The density functional theory(DFT) was used to investigate the adsorptions of carbon dioxide(CO_2) on kaolinite surfaces and the influences of Na~+ and H_2O on the adsorption. Both cluster and periodic models of kaolinite were considered. The calculated results indicate that stable complexes can be formed between adsorbed CO_2 and the surfaces of kaolinite in the presence or absence of sodium cation and water molecule. The Al—O octahedral surface has a larger adsorption affinity for CO_2 than the Si—O tetrahedral surface of kaolinite because the hydroxyl groups of kaolinite Al-O surface present more activity than the basal O atoms of the Si-O tetrahedral surface in the intermolecular interactions. The existence of exchangeable sodium cations exerts the significant effect on the adsorption of CO_2 with the dramatic increase of the adsorption energy, while the presence of water molecule decreases the adsorption strength insignificantly. The calculated Gibbs free energies of the adsorption reveal that the adsorptions of CO_2 on all the investigated kaolinite surfaces are feasible thermodynamically in the gas phase. Surface free energy was calculated to provide the predictions of the surface stability as a function of temperature.
上皮样肉瘤1例

有研究显示,皮损多发、年龄>75岁且未经手术治疗或手术切缘不彻底与本病预后较差有密切关系。本病可发生局部浸润及淋巴结转移,对于病变局限者,采用扩大切除术(切缘活检示无肿瘤细胞浸润)相对于截肢而言,患者更易接受。
左下肢带状黑头粉刺样痣1例

患者男,20岁。因左下肢侧丘疹及囊肿15年余,于2014年6月来我院就诊。患者4岁左右左下肢屈侧开始出现带状分布的毛囊性丘疹,无自觉症状,青春期后症状加重,丘疹分布区域反复出现囊肿,伴疼痛,可自行破溃,破溃后有脓性分泌物溢出,部分愈合后遗留萎缩性瘢痕。既往体健,否认外伤史,家族中无类似疾病患者。
胃癌皮肤转移

简介:胃癌发生皮肤转移临床较少见,仅占2%~9%,其中27%男性患者的皮肤转移可为肿瘤的首发症状。肿瘤细胞可通过血循环扩散、淋巴转移、直接扩散、手术种植等转移至皮肤。最常转移至前腹壁皮肤,表现为脐周坚实的斑块或小结节,称为玛莉约瑟夫结节(Sister Mary Joseph nodule)。肿瘤细胞累及深筋膜淋巴管后,可以出现皮肤毛细淋巴管逆行栓塞,从而出现广泛的皮肤转移。胃癌发生皮肤转移多提示为低分化腺癌和印戒细胞癌。发生皮肤转移的胃癌,其组织病理通常分化较差,恶性程度较高,预后较差,明确诊断后平均生存期约为3个月。皮肤转移癌的临床形态可表现为盔甲型、结节型、炎症型及皮炎湿疹样。结节型最常见的表现为单发或多发的无痛性结节,结节呈肤色、淡红色、紫红色及棕黑色,结节质地硬韧,多无自觉症状,可活动。本例患者表现为呈肤色的多发性结节,根据临床表现、皮损特点、组织病理及免疫组化特征性表现即可确诊。胃癌皮肤转移的治疗以病灶内化疗或免疫治疗、外科切除及放疗为主,通常采用个体化治疗。在肿瘤患者以皮肤转移为首发症状时,尤其是表现为各种炎症反应或孤立结节时极易误诊,故在临床上需详细地采集病史,细致全面地查体,若发现无痛性结节及伴有淋巴水肿的炎性结节,尤其是抗炎治疗效果不佳时,应及时活检,以明确诊断,尽早治疗,提高患者的治愈率与生存率。
太极拳运动对慢性心脏衰竭患者心功能及生活质量的影响

目的观察太极拳对慢性心脏衰竭患者心功能及其生活质量的影响。方法将慢性心脏衰竭患者61例采用随机数字表法分为太极拳组(31例)及对照组(30例)。2组患者均给予常规药物治疗,对照组患者保持原生活习惯,太极拳组患者则进行太极拳锻炼,每日1次,每次≥30 min。2组患者均于治疗前(入组后当天)和治疗6个月后(治疗后)进行左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDd)、6 min步行距离(6-MWT)、脑钠肽(BNP)、肌钙蛋白T (cTNT)检测,并采用汉化版简明健康状况调查表(SF-36)评定2组患者治疗前后的生活质量。结果治疗后,对照组患者仅cTNT的含量与组内治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而太极拳组患者的6-MWT、BNP和cTNT分别为(37.1 ± 26) m、(432± 57) ng/L和(872±74)ng/L,与组内治疗前和对照组治疗后比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,对照组患者SF-36量表中各项评分与组内治疗前比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),而太极拳组患者SF-36量表中各项评分与组内治疗前和对照组治疗后比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论太极拳运动可显著提高慢性心脏衰竭患者的心功能和生活质量。
A Generalized Geometric Measurement of Quantum Discord: Exact Treatment

A generalization of the geometric measure of quantum discord is introduced in this article, based on Hellinger distance. Our definition has virtues of computability and independence of local measurement. In addition it also does not suffer from the recently raised critiques about quantum discord. The exact result can be obtained for bipartite pure states with arbitrary levels, which is completely determined by the Schmidt decomposition. For bipartite mixed states the exact result can also be found for a special case. Furthermore the generalization into multipartite case is direct. It is shown that it can be evaluated exactly when the measured state is invariant under permutation or translation. In addition the detection of quantum phase transition is also discussed for Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick and Dicke model.
急性腕管综合征治疗体会

急性腕管综合征(acute carpal tunnel syndrome,ACTS)是指腕管内压力在短时间内急剧升高,导致正中神经受压或正中神经直接在腕管内损伤而引起的手部疼痛、感觉异常、手指麻木和功能障碍为主要表现的临床症候群。我科自2009年10月至2013年5月,对18例急性腕管综合征患者,应用显微外科技术行正中神经松解、减压,治疗效果满意。
肾癌预后监测和靶向治疗的新型表观标记物:5-羟甲基胞嘧啶

近日,中国科学院北京基因组研究所慈维敏课题组、刘江课题组和北京大学第一医院周利群课题组合作,深入探讨了5mC(5-甲基胞嘧啶)和5hmC(5-羟甲基胞嘧啶)在透明肾细胞癌中的重编程变化模式和规律,发现5hmC是肾癌潜在的预后标志物,同时5hmC在肾癌发生过程中可能的驱动作用及其分子机制,寻找到一种潜在的肿瘤治疗新策略.该研究于2015年12月18日在线发表在Cell Research上.北京基因组研究所陈科、张靖和第一医院博士生郭中强为该论文的共同第一作者.
中国植物化学和现代药物研究的开拓者——赵承嘏先生

2015年是中国科学院学部成立60周年,也是我国现代药物研究和植物化学创始人、中国科学院首批学部委员赵承嘏先生诞辰130周年.应中国科学院建议,上海药物研究所开展了赵承嘏学术思想和科学精神的研究.系统整理了赵承嘏先生的生平材料,参阅了之前高怡生、翁尊尧、谢海洲、嵇汝运、谢毓元、吴文达等先生撰写的回忆文章,采访了与赵承嘏先生一起工作过的谢毓元、丁光生、胥彬、金国章、周韵丽、余鸿勋等先生以及赵先生的儿子赵体平先生,走访了赵先生的出生地江苏省江阴市,并查阅了江阴县志,从英国曼彻斯特大学获取了赵先生留学时期的档案材料(复印件);上海药物研究所毕业生现在日内瓦大学留学的周率博士查阅了日内瓦大学的档案馆,提供了赵承嘏的博士论文及其在日内瓦大学学习和工作期间的档案资料和发表论文的复印件;参阅了刘晓教授编写的《国立北平研究院简史》. 在此基础上,整理成此文,并以此纪念赵承嘏先生. 为纪念赵承嘏先生诞辰130周年,刘晓先生专门撰文《赵承嘏与北平研究院药物研究所》(未发表),该文详细记述了北平研究院药物研究所的筹建和发展历程以及赵承嘏的贡献.本文写作时也参阅了这篇文章,并据此校对了部分历史资料,最后刘晓教授校阅了本文.在此,一并感谢所有提供资料和帮助的人员.
2015年度国家自然科学基金项目申请、评审与资助工作综述

2015年是“十二五”的最后一年,面对建设创新型国家和科技强国对基础研究的新要求,国家自然科学基金委员会(以下简称基金委)认真贯彻《国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要(2006-2020年)》和《中共中央国务院关于深化体制机制改革加快实施创新驱动发展战略的若干意见》精神,准确把握新常态,主动适应新常态,努力引领新常态,着力落实《国家自然科学基金“十二五”发展规划》,努力打造科学基金管理升级版,按照“支持基础研究和科学前沿探索、支持人才和团队建设、增强我国源头创新能力”的战略定位,按计划完成了各类项目申请受理和评审工作,并在改进申请与评审方式、提高工作效率等方面进行了有益的探索和尝试。
气相色谱-质谱法同时测定地表水中黄磷和有机磷农药

本文建立了同时测定地表水中黄磷、敌敌畏、内吸磷、乐果、甲基对硫磷、马拉硫磷和对硫磷等7种物质的GC-MS方法.以SIM方式进行扫描,内标法定量.结果表明,7种被分析物在12 min内实现基线分离,20.0-300 μg?L~(-1)浓度范围内均具有良好的线性关系,相关系数0.9967-0.9999.另外,本文考察了液-液萃取时,有机溶剂以及pH的影响.最终选择二氯甲烷作为萃取溶剂,在pH 3-8的条件下进行萃取.黄磷的回收率在42.9%-51.0%之间,其余6种有机磷农药的平均回收率在86.3%-107%之间.相对标准偏差1.7%-11.7%. 方法检出限0.01-0.16 μg?L~(-1).该方法线性范围宽,灵敏度高,分析时间短、分离度好,适合地表水检测.
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We thank Dr Dogan and his team for his thoughtful comments and suggestions. The first comment to our study relates to the percentage of defective cQTD patients that was higher in our study as compared to previous studies.We would like to point out that defective cQTD occurred in 40% while recovery of cQTD occurred in the majority of patients (60%). Also, the mean cQTD in the overall population significantly decreased after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) (47 to 40 ms, P = 0.049). We do agree, however, that cQTD determination to assess ventricular inhomogeneity and arrhythmia risk suffers from (technical) measurement difficulties resulting in increased inter- and intra-observer variabilities and imperfect estimates of the true ventricular repolarization inhomogeneity. Therefore, a different methodological perspective such as measurement of T-peak to T-end wave dispersion should also be investigated in patients undergoing TAVI albeit that this method is also likely to suffer from measurement difficulties when assessing the end of the T wave (especially in lead V1, V2 or aVF). We agree that further research is indeed needed to investigate whether repolarization dispersion measurements correlate with sudden death and arrhythmia risk as suggested by Dogan et al. with methods that include or correct for the different electrical properties of the different myocardial cells.
Congenital coronary artery-left ventricle direct micro-fistulas may cause effort angina and positive stress tests in Western adults

Coronary artery anomalies (CAAs) occur in 0.64 % to 5.6% of patients undergoing coronary angiography. Most pathophysiology and clinical histories involving CCAs have been fully clarified in the past 30 years. Isolated congenital coronary artery-left ventricle direct microfistulas (CVmF) have been recently described, but the clinical significance and anatomical characteristics associated with this rare type of CAA in a western population are still unclear. The aim of our retrospective, single center study is to assess the clinical significance and anatomical features associated with this anomaly in a western population.
Circulating CD14~+ monocytes in patients with aortic stenosis

Background Calcific aortic stenosis (AS) is an active process sharing similarities with atherosclerosis and chronic inflammation. The pathophysiology of AS is notable for three cardinal components: inflammation, fibrosis and calcification. Monocytes play a role in each of these processes. The role of circulating monocytes in AS is not clear. The aim of the present study was to study an association between circulating apoptotic and non apoptotic CD14~+ monocytes and AS features. Methods We assessed the number of CD14~+ monocytes and apoptotic monocytes in 54 patients with significant AS (aortic valve area 0.74 ± 0.27 cm2) and compared them to 33 patients with similar risk factors and no valvular disease. The level of CD14~+ monocytes and apoptotic monocytes was assessed by flow cytometry. Results There was no difference in the risk factor profile and known coronary or peripheral vascular diseases between patients with AS and controls. Patients with AS exhibited increased numbers of CD14~+ monocytes as compared to controls (9.9% ± 4.9% vs. 7.7% ± 3.9%, P = 0.03). CD14~+ monocyte number was related to age and the presence and severity of AS. In patients with AS, both CD14~+ monocytes and apoptotic monocytes were inversely related to aortic valve area. Conclusions Patients with significant AS have increased number of circulating CD14~+ monocytes and there is an inverse correlation between monocyte count and aortic valve area. These findings may suggest that inflammation is operative not only in early valve injury phase, but also at later developed stages such as calcification when AS is severe.
Impact of age on transcatheter aortic valve implantation outcomes: a comparison of patients aged ≤ 80 years versus patients > 80 years

Objective To investigate the procedural outcomes and the long-term survival of patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and compare study results of patients ≤ 80 years and patients > 80 years old. Methods A total of 240 patients treated with TAVI were divided into two groups according to age ≤ 80 years (n = 105; 43.8%) and > 80 years (n = 135; 56.2%). The baseline characteristics and the procedural outcomes were compared between these two groups of patients. Results With the exception of peripheral artery disease and hypercholesterolemia, which were more frequently observed in the older age group, baseline characteristics were comparable between groups. Complication rates did not differ significantly between patients ≤ 80 years and patients > 80 years. There were no differences in 30-day mortality rates between patients aged ≤ 80 years and patients > 80 years old (9.5% vs. 7.4%, respectively; P = 0.557). After a median follow-up of 28 months (interquartile range: 16–42 months), 50 (47.6%) patients aged ≤ 80 years died compared to 57 (42%) deaths in the group of patients > 80 years old (P = 0.404). Conclusion The results of the present single center study showed that age did not significantly impact the outcomes of TAVI.
伴十字征及壳核裂隙征的多系统萎缩患者1例动态观察

脑桥十字征〔T2加权像(T2WI)脑桥十字形高信号〕、壳核裂隙征(T2WI壳核外侧缘高信号)及壳核后外侧低信号等影像学表现多见于多系统萎缩(MSA),国内外对合并上述MSA较特异影像学表现的病例进行动态观察的报道较少〔1,2〕,本文对1例伴有脑桥十字征、壳核裂隙征及壳核后外侧低信号等影像学表现的MSA患者4年资料进行汇总,对其临床表现及头颅磁共振成像(MRI)进行动态观察并作出分析。
脑卒中患者执行功能测评工具的研究进展

执行功能(EF)是大脑工作记忆的中心环节,包括任务管理、注意与抑制、计划、监控及编码5个方面。脑卒中后认知领域损害主要包括EF、思维速度、空间定向能力等的损伤,以EF障碍最明显。研究表明脑卒中后2年仍有66.6%的患者存在EF障碍〔1〕,主要表现为日常生活中处理问题的选择、计划、决策和控制行为障碍,已成为影响患者生存质量和增加痴呆易损性的重要原因〔2〕。
腓动脉穿支皮瓣移植设计的研究进展

随着显微外科技术的发展,以腓动脉穿支为中心设计的特殊形式皮瓣日趋多样化。根据受区复杂的创面缺损,选择适宜形式的穿支皮瓣修复,能最大限度的修复各种组织创面、重建受区功能。腓动脉穿支皮瓣的解剖与临床应用研究较广泛,其穿支血管解剖较恒定、临床应用形式多样化、修复效果满意,值得临床推广应用。现对近年来腓动脉穿支皮瓣移植设计的研究进展予以综述。
Exchange coupling-induced uniaxial anisotropy in La_(0.7)Sr_(0.3)MnO_3 thin films

Establishing a deeper understanding of the anisotropy in manganites is useful for tailoring their magnetic properties for device applications. Here we showed that ferromagnetic La_(0.7)Sr_(0.3)MnO_3 (LSMO) thin films, epitaxially grown on SrTiO_3 (STO) substrates, exhibited unexpected double-shifted magnetization curves originating from the competition between common biaxial and emergent uniaxial anisotropies. This emergent uniaxial anisotropy could be induced by exchange coupling between the ferromagnetic LSMO and an antiferromagnetic LSMO dead layer at the LSMO/STO interface, which could be manipulated by the degree of oxygen deficiency.
Taxonomic notes on Hydroidomedusae (Cnidaria) from South China Sea I: Family Eucodoniidae (Anthomedusae)

A generic diagnosis of family Eucodoniidae is revised, with the monotype genus Eucodonium. Three new species, Eucodonium bitentaculatum Xu, Huang & Guo, sp. nov., E. brevistyle Xu, Huang & Lin, sp. nov. and E. longitentaculatum Xu, Huang & Wang, sp. nov. from South China Sea are described and illustrated. A key to all species of Eucodonium is provided. The type specimens are deposited in the Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration.
The species of the snakefly genus Xanthostigma (Raphidioptera: Raphidiidae) from China

The order Raphidioptera, particularly the family Raphidiidae, is a rare insect group from China. In the present paper, Xanthostigma xanthostigma (Schummel, 1832) of Raphidiidae is newly recorded in China. The Chinese species of the genus Xanthostigma are redescribed and illustrated, with updated information of their geographical distributions.
The effects of temporal variation in soil carbon inputs on resource allocation in an annual plant

Aims Resource allocation in plants can be strongly affected by competition. Besides plant–plant interactions, terrestrial plants compete with the soil bacterial community over nutrients. Since the bacterial communities cannot synthesize their own energy sources, they are dependent on external carbon sources. Unlike the effect of overall amounts of carbon (added to the soil) on plant performance, the effect of fine scale temporal variation in soil carbon inputs on the bacterial biomass and its cascading effects on plant growth are largely unknown. We hypothesize that continuous carbon supply (small temporal variance) will result in a relatively constant bacterial biomass that will effectively compete with plants for nutrients. On the other hand, carbon pulses (large temporal variance) are expected to cause oscillations in bacterial biomass, enabling plants temporal escape from competition and possibly enabling increased growth. We thus predicted that continuous carbon supply would increase root allocation at the expense of decreased reproductive output. We also expected this effect to be noticeable only when sufficient nutrients were present in the soil. Methods Wheat plants were grown for 64 days in pots containing either sterilized or inoculated soils, with or without slow-release fertilizer, subjected to one of the following six carbon treatments: daily (1.5 mg glucose), every other day (3 mg glucose), 4 days (6 mg glucose), 8 days (12 mg glucose), 16 days (24 mg glucose) and no carbon control. Important Findings Remarkably, carbon pulses (every 2–16 days) led to increased reproductive allocation at the expense of decreased root allocation in plants growing in inoculated soils. Consistent with our prediction, these effects were noticeable only when sufficient nutrients were present in the soil. Furthermore, soil inoculation in plants subjected to low nutrient availability resulted in decreased total plant biomass. We interpret this to mean that when the amount of available nutrients is low, these nutrients are mainly used by the bacterial community. Our results show that temporal variation in soil carbon inputs may play an important role in aboveground–belowground interactions, affecting plant resource allocation.