mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
食管高分辨率测压对贲门失弛缓症诊断和治疗的指导意义

贲门失弛缓症(achalasia of cardic,AC)是由于食管-胃连接部(esophagogastric j unction, EGJ)神经肌肉功能障碍所致的疾病,以食管蠕动缺乏和食管下括约肌(lower esophageal sphincter,LES)松弛不良为特征。临床症状表现为吞咽困难、反流、胸痛和体质量下降等。食管钡剂造影和胃镜检查是诊断AC的常用方法,食管测压则是诊断本病的金标准。
First-Principles GGA+U Study of Intermediate-Band Characters from Zn_(1-x)M_xO (M = 3d Transition-Metal) Alloys Suitable for High Efficiency Solar Cell

The electronic structure characters are calculated for the Zn_(1-x)M_xO alloys with some Zn atoms in ZnO substituted by 3d transition-metal atoms (M), in order to find out which of these alloys could provide an intermediate band material used for fabricating high efficiency solar cell. Especially, among of these alloys, the electronic structure character and optical performance of Zn_(1-x)Cr_xO alloys clearly show an intermediate band filled partially and isolated from the VB and the CB in energy band structure of ZnO host, and the intermediate band characters can be preserved with increasing Cr concentrations no more than 8.33% in Zn_(1-x)Cr_xO alloys, at the same time, the ratio 0.52 of E_g~(FC) to E_g(VF) in Zn_(1-x)Cr_xO, (x = 4.16%) alloy is closest to the optimal ratio of 0.57. Besides, compared to the ZnO, the optical absorption does indicate a great improved absorption below the calculated band gap of the ZnO and an enhancement of the optical absorption in the whole solar spectral energy range.
Uncertainty and Certainty Relations for Successive Projective Measurements of a Qubit in Terms of Tsallis' Entropies

We study uncertainty and certainty relations for two successive measurements of two-dimensional observables. Uncertainties in successive measurement are considered within the following two scenarios. In the first scenario, the second measurement is performed on the quantum state generated after the first measurement with completely erased information. In the second scenario, the second measurement is performed on the post-first-measurement state conditioned on the actual measurement outcome. Induced quantum uncertainties are characterized by means of the Tsallis entropies. For two successive projective measurement of a qubit, we obtain minimal and maximal values of related entropic measures of induced uncertainties. Some conclusions found in the second scenario are extended to arbitrary finite dimensionality. In particular, a connection with mutual unbiasedness is emphasized.
Mesoporous carbon adsorbents from melamine–formaldehyde resin using nanocasting technique for CO_2 adsorption

Mesoporous carbon adsorbents, having high nitrogen content, were synthesized via nanocasting technique with melamine–formaldehyde resin as precursor and mesoporous silica as template. A series of adsorbents were prepared by varying the carbonization temperature from 400 to 700°C. Adsorbents were characterized thoroughly by nitrogen sorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), elemental (CHN) analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Boehm titration. Carbonization temperature controlled the properties of the synthesized adsorbents ranging from surface area to their nitrogen content, which play major role in their application as adsorbents for CO_2 capture. The nanostructure of these materials was confirmed by XRD and TEM. Their nitrogen content decreased with an increase in carbonization temperature while other properties like surface area, pore volume, thermal stability and surface basicity increased with the carbonization temperature. These materials were evaluated for CO_2 adsorption by fixed-bed column adsorption experiments. Adsorbent synthesized at 700°C was found to have the highest surface area and surface basicity along with maximum CO_2 adsorption capacity among the synthesized adsorbents. Breakthrough time and CO_2 equilibrium adsorption capacity were investigated from the breakthrough curves and were found to decrease with increase in adsorption temperature. Adsorption process for carbon adsorbent–CO_2 system was found to be reversible with stable adsorption capacity over four consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles. Fromthree isotherm models used to analyze the equilibriumdata, Temkin isotherm model presented a nearly perfect fit implying the heterogeneous adsorbent surface.
Effects of elevated atmospheric CO_2 concentration and temperature on the soil profile methane distribution and diffusion in rice–wheat rotation system

The aim of this experiment was to determine the impacts of climate change on soil profile concentrations and diffusion effluxes of methane in a rice–wheat annual rotation ecosystem in Southeastern China. We initiated a field experiment with four treatments: ambient conditions (CKs), CO_2 concentration elevated to ~ 500 μmol/mol (FACE), temperature elevated by ca. 2°C (T) and combined elevation of CO_2 concentration and temperature (FACE + T). A multilevel sampling probe was designed to collect the soil gas at four different depths, namely, 7 cm, 15 cm, 30 cm and 50 cm. Methane concentrations were higher during the rice season and decreased with depth, while lower during the wheat season and increased with depth. Compared to CK, mean methane concentration was increased by 42%, 57% and 71% under the FACE, FACE + T and T treatments, respectively, at the 7 cm depth during the rice season (p < 0.05). Mean methane diffusion effluxes to the 7 cm depth were positive in the rice season and negative in the wheat season, resulting in the paddy field being a source and weak sink, respectively. Moreover, mean methane diffusion effluxes in the rice season were 0.94, 1.19 and 1.42 mg C/(m~2·hr) in the FACE, FACE + T and T treatments, respectively, being clearly higher than that in the CK. The results indicated that elevated atmospheric CO_2 concentration and temperature could significantly increase soil profile methane concentrations and their effluxes from a rice-wheat field annual rotation ecosystem (p < 0.05).
Numerical study of the effects of Planetary Boundary Layer structure on the pollutant dispersion within built-up areas

The effects of different Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) structures on pollutant dispersion processes within two idealized street canyon configurations and a realistic urban area were numerically examined by a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model. The boundary conditions of different PBL structures/conditions were provided by simulations of the Weather Researching and Forecasting model. The simulated results of the idealized 2D and 3D street canyon experiments showed that the increment of PBL instability favored the downward transport of momentum from the upper flow above the roof to the pedestrian level within the street canyon. As a result, the flow and turbulent fields within the street canyon under the more unstable PBL condition are stronger. Therefore, more pollutants within the street canyon would be removed by the stronger advection and turbulent diffusion processes under the unstable PBL condition. On the contrary, more pollutants would be concentrated in the street canyon under the stable PBL condition. In addition, the simulations of the realistic building cluster experiments showed that the density of buildings was a crucial factor determining the dynamic effects of the PBL structure on the flow patterns. The momentum field within a denser building configuration was mostly transported from the upper flow, and was more sensitive to the PBL structures than that of the sparser building configuration. Finally, it was recommended to use the Mellor–Yamada-Nakanishi–Niino (MYNN) PBL scheme, which can explicitly output the needed turbulent variables, to provide the boundary conditions to the CFD simulation.
桡骨茎突狭窄性腱鞘炎伴拇长伸肌腱自发性断裂漏诊一例

减少漏诊的措施:(1)认真询问病史,全面的系统检查;(2)了解该疾病特点:主要表现为拇指背伸时,鼻烟窝尺侧可触及拇长伸肌腱,但仍然需与拇长伸肌腱走行变异鉴别;(3)辅助检查:MRI对软组织检查有一定的帮助,三维CT可能有助于早期诊断。但两者的检查费用都较高。高频超声检查可清晰显示手指肌腱位置、形态、回声,能明确诊断肌腱断裂(尤其是肌腱部分断裂时与肌腱炎相鉴别)。双能CT扫描速度快,对肌腱病变准确率高,为手肌腱损伤提供了一种方便、快捷、无创的检查方法,可以多平面、多角度直观了解肌腱位置、走行边界,对手术方案的制定有一定指导性。
游离腓浅动脉穿支皮瓣修复(左足右母)甲皮瓣供区

目的探讨游离腓浅动脉穿支皮瓣修复(左足右母)甲皮瓣供区组织缺损的临床应用及治疗效果。方法2010年3月至2014年3月共收治9例外伤性拇指远、近节软组织缺损及3例拇指I度缺损、2例拇指Ⅱ度缺损、1例拇指Ⅲ度缺损患者。亚急诊行(左足右母)甲皮瓣修复拇指软组织缺损9例,(左足右母)甲皮瓣联合髂骨条移植再造拇指4例,(左足右母)甲皮瓣联合第二足趾移植再造拇指2例。(左足右母)甲皮瓣供区创面均采用游离腓浅动脉穿支皮瓣修复,皮瓣面积为4 cmx 6 cm~ 6 cm× 8 cm。术前应用多普勒血流探测仪进行腓浅动脉穿支血管定位。结果15例游离腓浅动脉穿支皮瓣均存活,无边缘坏死,未出现血管危象。术后随访4~18个月,皮瓣无臃肿,外观良好,穿鞋无影响,足趾活动良好。皮瓣供区小腿无功能影响。结论腓浅动脉穿支皮瓣解剖恒定,血管蒂长,皮瓣薄,穿支粗大,可做成超薄皮瓣。临床切取简单,供区损伤小,皮瓣无需整形,为(左足右母)甲皮瓣供区创面修复的良好方法之一。
气候预测研究方兴未艾

当代气候研究有两个最为重要的目标, 一是理解气候是如何发生异常变化并提前进行科学有效的未来一个月或数月以及一年或数年的预测, 以达到预防和减轻灾害损失; 二是理解气候系统如何在人类活动和自然因素影响下发生长期改变(如, 全球变暖问题)并进行科学有效的预估和展望, 以便使得人类可以更好地适应气候变化和科学恰当地进行气候干预, 这是气候变化的长期预测. 国际上气候变化研究的主要科学计划都围绕着这个方面展开, 前者以世界气候研究计划(WCRP)为代表, 后者以政府间气候变化委员会(IPCC)的一系列科学活动为代表.
2001~2010年中国陆地生态系统碳收支的初步评估

定量评估陆地生态系统的碳收支现状是实施区域碳汇管理、减缓气候变化行动计划的基础. 因此, 定量研究全球以及不同国别的陆地生态系统生产力及其在各种碳库或生态学过程中的利用与分配规律, 评估陆地生态系统碳源/汇强度的空间格局和动态变化, 不仅是生态系统与全球变化科学研究的重要内容, 也是履行《联合国气候变化框架公约》、增强全球和国别温室气体管理的重大科技需求.
岩粉施加对水稻生态系统植硅体碳的增汇作用

植硅体态碳(phytolith-occluded organic carbon, PhytOC), 在植硅体的坚硬外壳“保护”下, 可以长时间地保存在一些土壤和沉积物中, 作为一种相对稳定和“安全”的长期有效的生物固碳机制, 在全球农业生态系统碳汇和气候变化中有着重要的作用, 目前已经引起了越来越多科学家的关注.如何加强和提高农业生态系统中植硅体碳汇潜力是目前研究的热点和重点.
Winners and losers among tree species in Xishuangbanna: which traits are most important?

Massive human interference in natural ecosystems is resulting in a few "winners" and many "losers". However, the drivers of this winner–loser replacement pattern remain poorly understood. The aim of the study reported here was to identify winners among the tree flora of Xishuangbanna and compare their functional traits, specific leaf area (SLA), wood density (WD), seed mass (SM) and maximum height (MH) with previously identified losers (i.e., endangered species). Fifteen native tree species were identified as winners from expert opinion, plot-based surveys of secondary forests and plotless surveys along roads. Twelve endangered tree species for which trait information could be obtained were used for comparison. Traits were compared with a Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Winners had significantly higher SLA, but lower WD. SM and MH did not differ significantly between groups. When the effects of phylogeny were removed by using phylogenetic generalized least squares, the difference in SLA became marginally insignificant. Principal component analysis resulted in two overlapping groups, showing that the selected traits were insufficient to distinguish winners and losers. Our results suggest that the "few winners, many losers" paradigm applies to trees in Xishuangbanna, with 15 species accounting for most trees in the disturbed habitats sampled.
FXYD2: a promising drug target for inflammatory mechanical pain therapy

Pain, an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual and potential tissue damage, is divided into acute pain and chronic pain by duration. Acute pain assists individuals in adapting to and surviving in the environment by protecting the organism from injury or promoting healing when injury has occurred. However, chronic pain, which resembles a constantly switched-on alarm system, loses its protective value and forces patients to suffer continuous distress and is gradually becoming one of the most ubiquitous health problems in our modern society.
Optomechanically-induced-transparency cooling of massive mechanical resonators to the quantum ground state

Ground state cooling of massive mechanical objects remains a difficult task restricted by the unresolved mechanical sidebands. We propose an optomechanically-induced-transparency cooling scheme to achieve ground state cooling of mechanical motion without the resolved sideband condition in a pure optomechanical system with two mechanical modes coupled to the same optical cavity mode. We show that ground state cooling is achievable for sideband resolution ω_m/k as low as ～ 0.003. This provides a new route for quantum manipulation of massive macroscopic devices and high-precision measurements.
Quantum optical devices based on four-wave mixing in hot rubidium vapor

In this paper, we briefly review the recent experimental progresses in quantum optics based on four-wave mixing (FWM) processes in hot rubidium vapor, particularly our two recent experiments in quantum information. We have experimentally produced strong quantum correlations between three bright beams generated by two cascaded FWM processes. The intensity difference squeezing with the cascaded system is enhanced to (-7.0±0.1)dB from the (-5.5±0.1)dB/(-4.5±0.1)dB with only one FWM process. Also, this system can be easily extended to multiple modes using multiple FWM processes. Besides, we have also successfully realized a cascade all-optical transistor (AOT), which is driven by a very weak light beam about 800 photons in total. The required probe power for achieving a switching efficiency of 50% can be as low as 180 pW, and it can manipulate a light beam with power of 5.0×106 times more, which proves the cascade of the AOT. Both experiments may find wide applications in quantum information and optical communication.
A trigonometric interval method for dynamic response analysis of uncertain nonlinear systems

This paper proposes a new non-intrusive trigonometric polynomial approximation interval method for the dynamic response analysis of nonlinear systems with uncertain-but-bounded parameters and/or initial conditions. This method provides tighter solution ranges compared to the existing approximation interval methods. We consider trigonometric approximation polynomials of three types: both cosine and sine functions, the sine function, and the cosine function. Thus, special interval arithmetic for trigonometric function without overestimation can be used to obtain interval results. The interval method using trigonometric approximation polynomials with a cosine functional form exhibits better performance than the existing Taylor interval method and Chebyshev interval method. Finally, two typical numerical examples with nonlinearity are applied to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Numerical study on the characteristics of natural supercavitation by planar symmetric wedge-shaped cavitators for rotational supercavitating evaporator

With the application of supercavitation effect, a novel device named rotational supercavitating evaporator (RSCE) was recently designed for desalination. In order to improve the blade shape of rotational cavitator in RSCE for performance optimization and then design three-dimensional blades, numerical simulations are conducted on the supercavitating flows (with cavitation number ranging from 0.055 to 0.315) around two-dimensional planar symmetric wedge-shaped cavitators with different wedge angles varied from 10 to 180 degrees. Proper numerical method for simulating supercavitating flows around planar symmetric cavitator is established, and assessment of k-ε-v'2-f f turbulence model in simulating cavitating flows is conducted. It shows that the size of computational domain would affect the simulation result. Empirical formulae for supercavity dimensions about cavitation number at different wedge angles are obtained, which are of significant importance in the subsequent design of three-dimensional blade. The characteristics of resistance at different wedge angles are discussed, which, together with the characteristics of supercavity dimensions, play important roles in the optimal design of RSCE.
Construction schedule risk analysis of high roller-compacted concrete dams based on improved CSRAM

The applied technology of high roller-compacted concrete (RCC) dams is quite complicated because of various risk factors, including the weather condition, supply of concrete aggregate, efficiency of transport machinery and dam surface machinery, and so on. In order to ensure the comprehensiveness, accuracy and objectivity of construction schedule risk analysis, a mathematical model called improved correlated schedule risk analysis model (CSRAM) is proposed in this paper. This model takes into account not only the construction features of high RCC dams, but also the stochastic variations of risk factors with the construction schedule, as well as their comprehensive effects. Using Monte Carlo method to solve this model enables the completion probability of a high RCC dam construction within plan time, and uncertainty analysis of risk factors. Compared with the conventional CSRAM, the improved CSRAM has higher completion probability and more convergent distribution of a simulation period, making analysis results more accurate and closer to actual engineering conditions. Among the ten risk factors selected, efficiency of dam surface machinery and proficiency of workers are found to be of the maximum uncertainty.
A new evaluation method for site selection of large underground water-sealed petroleum storage depots

Scientific site selection is the first step in constructing underground water-sealed petroleum storage depots, but no uniform standard and code for such activity has been established. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to propose an evaluation method for the site selection of an underground water-sealed petroleum storage depot. The first large underground water-sealed petroleum storage depot being built in China served as the background of this study. The following 12 indexes were used as evaluation factors based on comprehensive evaluation criteria and specifications for key project site selection: geographic structure development feature, topographic feature, lithostratic formation feature, crustal stress, strength of rock mass, joint development feature, hydrogeological conditions, long-term water sealing conditions, environmental/ecological vulnerability, regional stability, technical and economic conditions, and meteorological and hydrological conditions. The weight back analysis and power coefficient methods were also used to evaluate the site selected for the first underground water-sealed petroleum storage depot project. Petroleum site classification models based on the two aforementioned methods were established and used to verify the feasibility of the evaluation criteria and methods, and the evaluation results show the grade of the site selected for the underground water-sealed petroleum storage depot in Huangdao, China is good. The study results may be used as a reference for the site selection of future underground water-sealed petroleum storage depots.
Preparation and characteristics of a recycled cement-based superhydrophobic coating with dirt pickup resistance

We introduce a low-cost and effective technique that can transform waste cement-based dust into a superhydrophobic coating with dirt pickup resistance. An organic-inorganic hybrid superhydrophobic coating is prepared by the sol-gel method using methyltriethoxysilane as a precursor and waste cement-based dust as a film-forming material. Orthogonal experiments and a comprehensive scoring method were used to optimize the composition and production technologies. Our results show that this superhydrophobic organic-inorganic hybrid coating has an average static contact angle of 151.65° and low water adhesion. Related tests reveal that the dirt pickup resistance, washing resistance and film-substrate cohesion of this coating are also outstanding. The multi-scale physical and chemical mechanisms behind the properties of the coating are investigated. This recycled cement-based coating can be used as the external cover of engineering structures to protect them from corrosion.
TiO_2-doped Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles as high-performance Fenton-like catalyst for dye decoloration

Fenton reaction based on Fe~(2+)-H_2O_2 system has been widely applied in water remediation, but the obvious drawbacks largely hinder its practical uses. Alternatively, heterogeneous nanomaterials with proper surface modification could be used as Fenton- like catalysts. Surface doping of TiO_2 could concentrate the pollutants surrounding the Fe_3O_4 catalyst, which might benefit the catalytic performance of Fe_3O_4. Herein, we reported that TiO_2-doped Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles (NPs) could be used as high-performance Fenton-like catalyst for dye decoloration in near neutral environment, where the doping of TiO_2 on Fe_3O_4 surface dramatically improved the catalytic activity of Fe_3O_4 in Fenton-like reaction. TiO_2-doped Fe_3O_4 NPs catalyzed the decomposition of H_2O_2 to oxidize methylene blue without external energy supply, resulting in effective decoloration. TiO_2-doped Fe_3O_4 NPs showed high catalytic activity under various pH values and even in the presence of radical scavenger. More catalysts and H_2O_2 would facilitate the decoloration. At higher temperature, the decoloration became faster and more effective. The implication to the environmental applications of TiO_2-doped Fe_3O_4 NPs is discussed.
A trial of simple and easy health monitoring for power poles by using 'ipod'

At present, the regular inspection of power poles is just a visual inspection based on the inspector's experience. Thus, overlook of the deteriorated poles can come off. In order to avoid an accident due to the overlook of the deteriorated poles, the authors propose a simple and easy health monitoring method for power poles using 'iPod'. Since the applicability of 'iPod' as a vibration sensor in this purpose was not clear, it was examined in the following procedure. First, the authors proposed a tool to fix the 'iPod' to a power pole, and the performance of 'iPod' as a vibration measurement device was compared with a conventional acceleration sensor. As a result, it was confirmed that 'iPod' could give almost the same response with the conventional sensor in terms of the observed predominant frequency. Next, vibration measurements were conducted at power poles in a field. As a result, the observed predominant frequency corresponded to the calculated 2nd natural frequency of power poles. Although some power poles were supported by some additional wires from the ground, the measurements were successful at almost all the sites. Hence, the authors confirmed that the 'iPod' based health monitoring is possible.
Evapotranspiration and its main controlling mechanism over the desert riparian forests in the lower Tarim River Basin

Evapotranspiration(ET) and its controlling mechanism over the desert riparian forests in arid regions are the important scientific basis for the water resources managements of the lower reaches of the inland rivers of China. Nearly three years of continuous measurements of surface ET, soil water content at different depths and groundwater table over a typical Tamarix spp. stand and a typical Populus euphratica stand were conducted in the lower reach of the Tarim River. The ET seasonal trends in the growing season were controlled by plant phenology, and ET in non-growing season was weak. The diurnal variations of ET resulting from the comprehensive effects of all atmospheric factors were significantly related with reference ET. The spatial pattern of ET was determined by vegetation LAI, more vegetation coverage, more ET amount. Groundwater is the water source of surface ET, and the soil water in shallow layers hardly took part in the water exchange in the groundwatersoil-plant-air system. The temporal processes of ET over the Tamarix stand and the Populus stand were similar, but the water consumption of the well-grown Populus euphratica was higher than that of the well-grown Tamarix spp. Further analysis indicates that plant transpiration accounts for most of the surface ET, with soil evaporation weak and negligible; groundwater table is a crucial factor influencing ET over the desert riparian forests, groundwater influences the processes and amounts of ET by controlling the growth and spatial distribution of desert riparian forests; quantifying the water stress of desert riparian forests using groundwater table is more appropriate, rather than soil water content. Based on the understanding of ET and water movements in the groundwater-soil-plant-air system, a generalized framework expressing the water cycling and its key controlling mechanism in the lower reaches of the inland rivers of China is described, and a simple model to estimate water requirements of the desert riparian forests is presented.