mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF SURFACE MODIFICATION OF MONTMORILLONITE ON THE PROPERTIES OF RIGID POLYURETHANE FOAM COMPOSITES

This study investigated the influence of various organically modified montmorillonites (organoclays) on the structure and properties of rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) nanocomposites. The organoclays were modified with cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), methyl tallow bis(2-hydroxyethyl) quaternary ammonium chloride (MT2ETOH) and tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (THMA) and denoted as CMMT, Cloisite 30B and OMMT, respectively. MT2ETOH and THMA contain hydroxyl groups, while THMA does not have long aliphatic tail in its molecule. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy show that OMMT and Cloisite 30B can be partially exfoliated in the RPUF nanocomposites because their intercalating agents MT2ETOH and THMA can react with isocyanate. However, CMMT modified with nonreactive CTAB is mainly intercalated in the RPUF matrices. At a relatively low filler content, the RPUF/CMMT composite foam has a higher specific compressive strength (the ratio of compressive strength against the apparent density of the foams), while at relatively high filler contents, RPUF/Cloisite 30B and RPUF/OMMT composites have higher specific compressive strengths, higher modulus and more uniform pore size than the RPUF/CMMT composite
SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS OF LAYERED DOUBLE HYDROXIDE WITH PHOSPHORUS-NITROGEN INTUMESCENT FLAME RETARDANT IN PP/EPDM/IFR/LDH NANOCOMPOSITES

Synergistic effects of layered double hydroxide (LDH) with intumescent flame retardanct (IFR) of phosphorusnitrogen (NP) compound in the polypropylene/ethylene-propylene-diene/IFR/LDH (PP/EPDM/IFR/LDH) nanocomposites and related properties were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94 test, cone calorimeter test (CCT) and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). The XRD and TEM results show that the intercalated and/or exfoliated nanocomposites can be obtained by direct melt-intercalation of PP/EPDM into modified LDH and that LDH can promote the IFR additive NP to disperse more homogeneously in the polymer matrix. The SEM results provide positive evidence that more compact charred layers can be obtained from the PP/EPDM/NP/LDH sample than those from the PP/EPDM/LDH and PP/EPDM/NP samples during burning. The LOI and UL-94 rating tests show that the synergetic effects of LDH with NP can effectively increase the flame retardant properties of the PP/EPDM/NP/LDH samples. The data from the CCT and TGA tests indicate that the PP/EPDM/NP/LDH samples apparently decrease the HRR and MLR values and thus enhance the flame retardant properties and have better thermal stability than the PP/EPDM/LDH and PP/EPDM/NP samples
ELASTIC BEHAVIOR OF COMB-LIKE POLYMER CHAINS

Three-dimensional Monte Carlo simulations of comb-like polymer chains with various backbone lengths Nb, arm lengths Na and arm densities m are carried out to study the elastic behavior of comb-like polymer chains. The radius of gyration, the shape factors and bond length in different cases during elastic process are calculated, and it is found that the comb-like polymer molecules with longer backbone or shorter arm are more close to linear chains. But the arm density m affects the chain conformation non-monotonously. Some thermodynamic properties are also studied. Average Helmholtz free energy and elastic forcef all increase with elongation ratio λ for all chains
Influences of Climate Change and Its Interannual Variability on Surface Energy Fluxes from 1948 to 2000

Understanding changes in land surface processes over the past several decades requires knowledge of trends and interannual variability in surface energy fluxes in response to climate change. In our study, the Community Land Model version 3.5 (CLM3.5), driven by the latest updated hybrid reanalysis-observational surface climate data from Princeton University, is used to obtain global distributions of surface energy fluxes during 1948 to 2000. Based on the climate data and simulation results, long-term trends and interannual variability (IAV) of both climatic variables and surface energy fluxes for this span of 50+ years are derived and analyzed. Regions with strong long-term trends and large IAV for both climatic variables and surface energy fluxes are identified. These analyses reveal seasonal variations in the spatial patterns of climate and surface fluxes; however, spatial patterns in trends and IAV for surface energy fluxes over the past ~50 years do not fully correspond to those for climatic variables, indicating complex responses of land surfaces to changes in the climatic forcings
A Study on Water Vapor Transport and Budget of Heavy Rain in Northeast China

The characteristics of moisture transport and budget of widespread heavy rain and local heavy rain events in Northeast China are studied using the NCEP-NCAR reanalysis 6-hourly and daily data and daily precipitation data of 200 stations in Northeast China from 1961-2005. The results demonstrate that during periods with widespread heavy rain in Northeast China, the Asian monsoon is very active and the monsoonal northward moisture transport is strengthened significantly. The widespread heavy rainfall obtains enhanced water vapor supply from large regions where the water vapor mainly originates from the Asian monsoon areas, which include the East Asian subtropical monsoon area, the South China Sea, and the southeast and southwest tropical monsoon regions. There are several branches of monsoonal moisture current converging on East China and its coastal areas, where they are strengthened and then continue northward into Northeast China. Thus, the enhanced northward monsoonal moisture transport is the key to the widespread heavy rain in Northeast China. In contrast, local heavy rainfall in Northeast China derives water vapor from limited areas, transported by the westerlies. Local evaporation also plays an important role in the water vapor supply and local recycling process of moisture. In short, the widespread heavy rains of Northeast China are mainly caused by water vapor advection brought by the Asian monsoon, whereas local heavy rainfall is mainly caused by the convergence of the westerly wind field
Long-Term Trends in Photosynthetically Active Radiation in Beijing

A long-term dataset of photosynthetically active radiation (Qp) is reconstructed from a broadband global solar radiation (Rs) dataset through an all-weather reconstruction model. This method is based on four years' worth of data collected in Beijing. Observation data of Rs and Qp from 2005-2008 are used to investigate the temporal variability of Qp and its dependence on the clearness index and solar zenith angle. A simple and efficient all-weather empirically derived reconstruction model is proposed to reconstruct Qp from Rs. This reconstruction method is found to estimate instantaneous Qp with high accuracy. The annual mean of the daily values of Qp during the period 1958-2005 period is 25.06 mol m~(-2) d~(-1). The magnitude of the long-term trend for the annual averaged Qp is presented (-0.19 mol m~(-2) yr~(-1) from 1958-1997 and -0.12 mol m~(-2) yr~(-1) from 1958-2005). The trend in Qp exhibits sharp decreases in the spring and summer and more gentle decreases in the autumn and winter
Cross-Tropopause Mass Exchange Associated with a Tropopause Fold Event over the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau

A springtime tropopause fold event, found to be related to a cold trough intrusion from the north, was detected in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau (TP) based on various observations. A nested high-resolution mesoscale model was employed to investigate the effect of orography on the stratosphere-troposphere exchange. The model was found to be able to capture plausible tropopause fold properties. The propagation of the tropopause fold changed significantly when the terrain height in the model was altered. However, decreasing the terrain height had no significant effect on the morphology of folds. When a fold passed over an elevated surface, a leeside jet stream and a layer of humid air in the middle troposphere tended to develop. This strong leeside descent of air masses and high mid-level potential instability (PI) could give rise to deep upward motions in the leeside and inject tropospheric air into the lower stratosphere. Besides, when the flow encounters an elevated surface, forced lifting together with mid-level PI can trigger deep convective motions on the windward slope. The troposphere to stratosphere transport was found to be persistent and almost stationary over the windward slope of the TP during the evolution of the fold
Relationship between East Asian Monsoon and Dust Weather Frequency over Beijing

The relationship between dust weather frequency (DWF), which denotes the number of days of dust weather events, over Beijing and the East Asian Monsoon (EAM) was studied using DWF data for Beijing during the period 1951-2006. Results show that, during this period, the blowing-dust weather frequency (BDWF), as well as the indices of East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) and East Asian summer monsoon (EASM), all decreased considerably, with a t-test confidence level of 99%.. The correlation coefficients between the chosen EAWM index and BDWF over Beijing in winter and the following spring were 0.34 and 0.33, respectively, with significance levels of 0.01 and 0.02, respectively. For the chosen EASM index and BDWF, these correlation coefficients were 0.51 and 0.45, respectively, with both at a confidence level exceeding 99.9%. With the linear trends removed, the values (in the same order as above) were 0.14, 0.14, -0.12, and -0.09, all not significant at the 95% confidence level. Clearly, the EAM relates mainly to DWF over long timescales. To a certain extent, the EAM might have some impact on DWF by affecting the associated surface air temperature and precipitation during the corresponding time period in sand-dust source regions at the interannual scale. A stronger (weaker) EAWM might advance (suppress) the occurrence of DWF, and the opposite for the EASM
Synthesis, Structure and Photoluminescence of (CH_3-4,4'-H_2bipy)-(HgCl_4) with CH3-4,4'-H2bipy Generated in Situ

A novel viologen(4,4'bipyridinium)-based complex (CH_3-4,4'-H_2bipy)(HgCl_4) (1), in which the CH3-4,4'-H2bipy (MQ~(2+)) was generated in situ, has been synthesized via hydrothermal reaction and structurally characterized. Complex 1 crystallizes in the space group P2_1/c of monoclinic system with four formula units in a cell: a = 8.1848(6), b = 21.809(2), c = 9.0285(6) A, β = 107.377(1)°, V= 1538.0(2) A~3, C_(11)H_(11)Cl_4HgN_2, Mr = 513.61, D = 2.218 g/cm3, S = 1.009, μ(MoKa) =10.685 mm~(-1), F(000) = 956, R = 0.0360 and wR = 0.0812. The crystal structure analysis reveals that the title complex features an isolated structure based on a CH_3-4,4'-H_2bipy moiety and a mercury atom terminally bound by four chlorine atoms. Photoluminescence investigation reveals a strong emission in blue region, which may originate from π → π* charge-transfer interaction of the CH----3-4,4'-H_2bipy moiety
Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Quantum Chemistry of Dibutyltin 3,4-Dimethoxybenzotate Compound

The dibutyltin 3,4-dimethoxybenzotate compound {[(3,4-(CH30)2C6H3COO) Sn(Bu-n)_2]_2O}_2 has been synthesized by the reaction of dibutyltin oxide with 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid. Its structure was determined by X-ray single-crystal diffraction. The crystal belongs to the triclinic system, space group P_1 with a = 1.2003(2), b = 1.2821(3), c = 1.3666(3) nm, a = 80.50(3), β = 65.56(3), y = 73.36(3)°, Z= 2, V= 1.8318(6) nm~3, Dc = 1.530 Mg·m~3,μ (MoKa) = 1.413 mm~(-1), F(000) = 860, R = 0.0554 and wR = 0.1092. In the complex, each tin atom adopts a distorted tigonal bipyramidal structure, and the dimer structure is shaped by one Sn_2O_2planar four-membered ring. The stabilities of the title complex, along with its orbital energies and composition characteristics of some frontier molecular orbitals have been investigated by means of quantum chemistry calculation methods
Controlling Entanglement Dynamics by Choosing Appropriate Ratio between Cavity-Fiber Coupling and Atom-Cavity Coupling

The entanglement characteristics including the so-called sudden death effect between two identical twolevel atoms trapped in two separate cavities connected by an optical fiber are studied. The results show that the time evolution of entanglement is sensitive not only to the degree of entanglement of the initial state but also to the ratio between cavity-fiber coupling (v) and atom-cavity coupling (g). This means that the entanglement dynamics can be controlled by choosing specific v and g
玉米内生细菌

拮抗内生细菌对寄主植物具有促生,防病,杀虫及固氮等多方面的生物学作用,是植物病害防治的天然资源菌,并且能够作为外源基因载体,为杀虫,防病,固氮等外源植物基因导入植物体内提供了一种很好的方法和途径.目前已从水稻,玉米,番茄,棉花等多种作物体内获得具有一定生防潜能的内生细菌菌株,并对其生防机制做了大量研究.已有研究表明,内生细菌在宿主抵抗植物病虫害危害及抗非生物胁迫中起到重要作用
必奇预防阿奇霉素胃肠道反应的临床效果观察

目的了解必奇预防阿奇霉素引起胃肠道反应的疗效.方法将2008年1月--2010年2月在我院治疗的250例下呼吸道感染患儿随机分成两组,对照组静脉滴注阿奇霉素,治疗组在静脉滴注阿奇霉素基础上加服必奇,观察两组患儿恶心,呕吐,腹痛的发生率及被迫停药情况.结果治疗组的胃肠道不良反应显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ2=21.04,P<0.05).结论口服必奇能显著预防阿奇霉素所致的胃肠道不良反应,且口味香甜,服用方便,值得基层推广使用
MQ8260曲轴磨床砂轮主轴的修复

<正>MQ8260曲轴磨床主要用于磨削发动机曲轴的曲柄颈和主轴颈.此机床的机身稳定可靠,定位及加工精度高.磨削出来的主轴颈和曲柄颈的粗糙度值一般为Ra0.3~0.8μm,精度等级可达IT5~IT6级,能满足国内大部分柴油发动机装配企业的图纸工艺要求,是目前国内中小型曲轴加工企业常采用的精加工设备
一例加工中心软件故障分析与排除

<正>一铣削加工中心配置为ACRAMATIC 2100E控制系统和Kollmorgen伺服系统.ACRAMATIC 2100E是一种基于Windows NT平台的SOFT型开放式CNC数控系统,使用双PC母板及双80486微处理器分别进行运算和机床实时控制,具有丰富的人机界面和低成本升级等优点,但由于Windows NT文件易丢失或遭破坏,易引起系统崩溃,曾经两次重装系统,给我们维护造成很多困难.现介绍其由于系统软件错误导致
如何精测土壤容重

土壤容重又称土壤假比重,在田间自然状态下,单位体积土壤的干重,通常用g.cm'3表示.土壤容重除用来计算土壤总孔隙度外,还可用于估测土壤的松紧度和土壤结构状况.土壤容重的,测定方法很多,通常采用环刀法测定,适用于除坚硬和易碎的土壤以外的各类土壤容重的测定,汤原县土壤类型适于采用这种方法
寒地水稻赤枯病的发生与防治

水稻赤枯病发病时稻叶变红,俗称"铁锈黄" "红僵苗""铁锈病",在水稻分蘖盛期发生较重,主要是由于施肥、灌水管理不当而造成的水稻生理性病害.秧苗在生长关键期叶片功能受损,致使水稻后期早衰,严重时可使稻田减产10%~ 20%.近年来该病在寒地稻区铁力、庆安、汤原、桦川、江川、富锦、三江等地发生较为普遍,而且有逐年加重的趋势
新疆伊犁河谷向日葵病害发生种类与综合防治技术

调查研究表明,新疆伊犁河谷向日葵病害11种,主要有向日葵白锈病,褐色茎腐病,黑茎病,霜霉病,菌核病,褐斑病,炭腐病,黄萎病,锈病,细菌性茎腐病,花叶病毒病等,采取综合的农业,物理机械,化学防治等措施,加强检疫,培育抗病品种,轮作倒茬,适时晚播,焚烧残茬,科学合理使用生物农药和低残留化学农药,能有效地控制病害的发生与危害,降低生产成本,生产出高产,优质的向日葵油料产品
后金融危机时代农业企业的风险管理

本文针对后金融危机时代农业企业所面临的主要风险,根据风险管理理论,企业内部控制配套指引,价值链理论及信息系统风险管理原则,对后金融危机时代农业企业面临的主要风险及各业务流程的关键风险控制方法进行论述,为构建农业企业风险管理系统提供建议
THE REGULARITY OF THE FREE BOUNDARY-FOR STRIKE RESET OPTION

A strike reset option is an option that allows its holder to reset the strike price to the prevailing underlying asset price at a moment chosen by the holder. The pricing model of the option can be formulated as a parabolic variational inequality and the optimal reset strategy is the free boundary. The smoothness of the free boundary in some cases was showed in our article published in JDE. We would prove its smoothness in the other case in this paper by a generalized comparison principle for the variational inequality
HAZARD REGRESSION WITH PENALIZED SPLINE: THE SMOOTHING PARAMETER CHOICE AND ASYMPTOTICS

In this article, we use penalized spline to estimate the hazard function from a set of censored failure time data. A new approach to estimate the amount of smoothing is provided. Under regularity conditions we establish the consistency and the asymptotic normality of the penalized likelihood estimators. Numerical studies and an example are conducted to evaluate the performances of the new procedure
ELLIPTIC GRADIENT ESTIMATES FOR DIFFUSION OPERATORS ON COMPLETE RIEMANNIAN MANIFOLDS

In this note, we obtain the elliptic estimate for diffusion operator ## = A + VΦ. V on complete, noncompact Riemannian manifolds, under the curvature condition CD(K,m), which generalizes B. L. Kotschwar's work[5]. As an application, we get estimate on the heat kernel. The Bernstein-type gradient estimate for Schrodinger-type gradient is also derived
OPTIMAL LOGISTICS FOR MULTIPLE JEEPS

We consider variations of the classical jeep problems: the optimal logistics for a caravan of jeeps which travel together in the desert. The main purpose is to arrange the travels for the one-way trip and the round trip of a caravan of jeeps so that the chief jeep visits the farthest destination. Based on the dynamic program principle, the maximum distances for the caravan when only part of the jeeps should return and when all drivers should return are obtained. Some related results such as the efficiency of the abandoned jeeps, and the advantages of more jeeps in the caravan are also presented
恶性肿瘤放射免疫治疗技术的研究进展

放射免疫治疗(radioimmunotherapy,RIT)是将针对肿瘤特异性抗原的单克隆抗体用核素标记后,对肿瘤细胞进行的靶向治疗,也叫"生物导弹".肿瘤放射免疫疗始于19世纪50年代,最初是用多克隆抗体进行,剑桥大学的Kohler和Milstein确立杂交瘤技术制备单克隆抗体后,单抗技术迅速发展,越来越多的单克隆抗体药物问世,也使放射免疫治疗技术得到革命性的进步.RIT的作用优点是与肿瘤抗原结合的物质如单克隆抗体(McAb)特异性的与目标位置结合,偶联在抗体上的放射性核素为"弹头"(治疗剂),进行内放射治疗,使肿瘤局部放射剂量比其他正常组织剂量明显升高,达到对肿瘤特异性杀伤而对正常组织损伤小.本文就放射免疫治疗临床应用现状及进展进行综述
Injection of stored nucleotides from single-walled carbon nanotubes

We investigate the possibility of injection of a nucleotide via single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). The collapse process of an SWNT with a large radius may proceed like falling dominoes. The characteristics of a large radius SWNT are utilized to drive the nucleotide movement in the SWNT, or even to inject the stored nucleotide out of the SWNT. In this process, the lateral section of the collapsed SWNT resembles a dumbbell. Occasionally, the nucleotide in the SWNT will be inbreathed into one of the two dumbbell ends, leading to interference with the injection process. To investigate the random nature of the injection process, a series of simulations on SWNT with different lengths were carried out. It was found that the injection probability was not influenced by the tube length. Freezing the nucleotide at the beginning, or modifying the SWNT at the outlet, may serve to facilitate the injection process, as indicated by the rise in the injection probability
<<中国高增长行业的转型与发展>>评介

改革开放以来,中国经济能够始终保持10%左右的增长速度,很大程度得益于一批又一批高增长行业的带动;在带动经济快速增长的同时,高增长行业也促使产业结构不断发生改变.因此,对中国高增长行业发展的动因,绩效和政策进行系统的归纳和分析,具有重要的现实意义和学术价值.由周叔莲和吕铁研究员主编的<<中国高增长行业的转型与发展>>(经济管理出版社,2010年6月出版)一书,正是围绕这一主题进行了深入研究和系统论述,提出了鲜明的理论观点和政策主张
A Theoretical Study on Chapman Rearrangement

Some Chapman rearrangements are investigated using HF and B3LYP methods combined with two different basis sets (6-31G** and 6-31 + +G**) and both finite difference model and Janak's approximation. It is shown that although minimum polarizability (MPP) and maximum hardness (MHP) principles are always valid in these reactions, minimum electrophilicity principle (MEP) is followed just when DFT method (B3LYP) is used. The Morrel's rules are also successfully applied in predicting the validity of MEP in these rearrangements. Therefore, it seems that in the study of this kind of reaction, the results of DFT are more reliable than those of HF
Direct Electrochemistry and Electrocatalysis Behaviors of Glucose Oxidase Based on Hyaluronic Acid-Carbon Nanotubes-lonic Liquid Composite Film

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were dispersed in the ionic liquid [BMIM][BF4] to form a uniform black suspension. Based on it, a novel glucose oxidase (GOx)-hyaluronic (HA)-[BMIM][BF4]-MWNTs/GCE modified electrode was fabricated. UV-vis spectroscopy confirmed that GOx immobilized in the composite film retained its native structure. The experimental results of EIS indicated MWNTs, [BMIM][BF4] and HA were successfully immobilized on the surface of GCE and [BMIM] [BF4]-MWNTs could obviously improve the diffusion of ferricyanide toward the electrode surface. The experimental results of CV showed that a pair of well-defined and quasi-reversible peaks of GOx at the modified electrode was exhibited, and the redox reaction of GOx at the modified electrode was surface-confined and quasi-reversible electrochemical process. The average surface coverage of GOx and the apparent Michaelis-Menten constant were 8.5 X 10~(-9)mol/cm~2 and 9.8 mmol/L, respectively. The cathodic peak current of GOx and the glucose concentration showed linear relationship in the range from 0.1 to 2.0 mmol/L with a detection limit of 0.03 mmol/L (SIN=3). As a result, the method presented here could be easily extended to immobilize and obtain the direct electrochemistry of other redox enzymes or proteins
Dehydrogenation of Propane to Propylene over Ga_20_3 Supported on Mesoporous HZSM-5 in the Presence of CO_2

Dehydrogenation of propane to propylene over mesoporous HZSM-5 supported Ga_2O_3 catalysts in the presence of CO_2 has been investigated, and compared with that of conventional HZSM-5 supported one. The initial activity of the catalysts descends while the stability and selectivity to propylene improve with increasing the Si/Al ratios of the support. The optimal Si/Al ratio is 240 for the propylene yield reaching 21.7% after reaction for 50 h. The introduction of the mesopores improves the activity as well as the stability of the catalyst, due to the better transport of the reactant and product molecules caused by its hierarchical structure. The selectivity for bulky products such as aromatics is also increased. The promoting effect of CO2 on the dehydrogenation reaction is observed
奈福泮复合舒芬太尼对混合痔患者术后镇痛及应激反应的影响

目的 观察奈福泮复合舒芬太尼静脉自控镇痛对混合痔患者手术后疼痛和围术期应激反应的影响.方法 60例ASAI~Ⅱ级混合痔手术患者,男34例,女26例,年龄20~60岁,体质量52~66 kg,随机均分为3组: A组为间断肌内注射哌替啶组,B组为舒芬太尼组,C组为盐酸奈福泮复合舒芬太尼组.B组、C组使用一次性静脉镇痛泵48 h,观察术后2、4、 6 、8、12、24、48 h的视觉模拟评分(VAS评分)、镇痛药的使用剂量和PCA泵的按压次数及不良反应(恶心、呕吐、皮肤瘙痒、胸闷等).分别测定麻醉前(基础值)、术后6h、术后第1天清晨外周血清促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)、皮质醇(COR)和C反应蛋白(CRP)含量.结果 3组患者手术时间和术中出血量差异无统计学意义;术前血清ACTH、COR和CRP基础值组间比较差异无统计学意义,术后6h及术后第1天清晨血清ACTH、COR和CRP含量均比术前基础值升高(P<0.01).术后同时点 A组患者血清ACTH、COR和CRP含量高于B、C组(P<0.05).B组患者术后各时间段PCA按压次数均大于C组(P< 0.05,P<0.01);A组术后各时间点VAS评分显著大于B组、C组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01).结论 奈福泮复合舒芬太尼静脉镇痛可有效减少混合痔患者术后镇痛舒芬太尼用量及自控追加次数,且不良反应小于单用舒芬太尼组;也可降低手术创伤引起的应激激素生成,有利于减轻围术期应激反应,促进患者术后康复
Design considerations for electromagnetic couplers in contactless power transmission systems for deep-sea applications

In underwater applications of contactless power transmission (CLPT) systems, high pressure and noncoaxial operations will change the parameters of electromagnetic (EM) couplers. As a result, the system will divert from its optimum performance. Using a reluctance modeling method, we investigated the gap effects on the EM coupler in deep-sea environment. Calculations and measurements were performed to analyze the influence of high pressure and noncoaxial alignments on the coupler. It was shown that it is useful to set a relatively large gap between cores to reduce the influence of pressure. Experiments were carried out to verify the transferring capacity of the designed coupler and system for a fixed frequency. The results showed that an EM coupler with a large gap can serve a stable and efficient power transmission for the CLPT system. The designed system can transfer more than 400 W electrical power with a 2-mm gap in the EM coupler, and the efficiency was up to 90% coaxially and 87% non-coaxially in 40 MPa salt water. Finally, a mechanical layout of a 400 W EM coupler for the underwater application in 4000-m deep sea was proposed
南半球的风有助于存储地球上的CO_2

<正>事实上,地球大气中的许多CO2都飘到了南方.通过新型的超级计算机模拟,研究人员首次描述了南大洋如何从空气中吸收CO2,又如何将其运往远离南极地区的深海之中.该发现会帮助气候科学家更好地了解地球碳循环中的这一关键环节
中世纪暖期与小冰期

中世纪暖期(MWP)与小冰期(LIA)是距现代最近的暖期和冷期.由于发生于现代气候变暖之前,因此公认为属于自然气候变率.所以,研究这两段时期气候特征及形成原因有助于识别人类活动对气候的影响及对未来气候变化的预估
基于VC的七参数坐标转换模型研究及实现

我国法定的国家大地坐标系为北京54坐标系和西安80坐标系,北京54坐标系采用的参考椭球为克拉索夫斯基椭球体,而西安80坐标系采用的参考椭球为IAG75椭球体[1].目前国家基础测绘及一些工程项目普遍采用西安80坐标系,在进行控制测量时必将涉及54坐标系与80坐标系之间的转换问题.宗刚军等[2]对坐标转换算法做了相关研究.本文在分析七参数Bursa-Wolf转换模型的基础上,利用QR分解法解决了矩阵求逆过程中出现的数值不稳定问题,并基于VC实现了两种坐标系统间的转换问题.根据兖矿发耳矿井测量点,对部分GPS网控制点进行54坐标与80坐标的计算转换试验.该模型简单,方便,可行,具有一定的实用意义