mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Microbial Biomass Carbon Trends in Black and Red Soils Under Single Straw Application: Effect of Straw Placement, Mineral N Addition and Tillage

Quantifying trends in soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) under contrasting management conditions is important in understanding the dynamics of soil organic matter (SOM) in soils and in ensuring their sustainable use. Against such a background, a 60-day greenhouse simulation experiment was carried out to study the effects of straw placement, mineral N source, and tillage on SMBC dynamics in two contrasting soils, red soil (Ferrasol) and black soil (Acrisol). The treatments included straw addition -f buried (Tl); straw addition + mineral N (T2); and straw addition + tillage (T3). Straw was either buried in the soil or placed on the surface. Sampling was done every 15 days. Straw placement, addition of external mineral N sources (Urea, 46 % N) and soil type affected SMBC. SMBC levels decreased with exposure durations (15 days, 30 days, 45 days, and 60 days). Rate of SMBC fixation was more in buried straw than in surface placed straw at all sampling dates in both soils. Addition of an external N source significantly increased SMBC level. Soil pli increased in both soil types, with a greater increase in black soil than in red soil, The study could not, however, statistically account for the effect of tillage on SMBC levels because of the limited effect of our tillage method due to the artificial barrier to mechanical interference supplied by the mesh bags, although differences in absolute values were quite evident between treatments Tl and T3.
加入WTO对贵州甘蔗糖业的影响及对策

随着国家产业结构调整的不断深入和我国加入WTO，为贵州甘蔗糖业的发展带来了新的机遇与挑战，如何紧紧抓住我国西部大开发和国家糖业结构调整的大好机遇，正确看待我国加入WTO后对贵州省甘蔗糖业的影响，采取有效措施，趋利避害，提高贵州省甘蔗糖业的市场竞争力，把贵州省甘蔗糖业做大做强，是贵州省甘蔗糖业必须面对的重大课题。
Preliminary Study on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Releases from Creek Sediments in Shanghai Subuubs

A laboratory study was conducted to observe the release of nitrogen and phosphorus from the sediments under both anaerobic and aerobic conditions. The samples vised were five creek sediments and a fish-pond sediment (as a comparison) obtained from suburban Shanghai. High loads of nitrogen and phosphorus were found in the creek sediments. Total nitrogen of the sediments ranged from 1.17 to 5.95 g kg""1; total phosphorus from 008.63 to 2 033.95 mg kg"1. Making up more than 90% of the total nitrogen, organic nitrogen was the dominant nitrogen fraction in the sediments; whereas inorganic phosphorus was the dominant phosphorus fraction, which made up more than 85 percent of the total phosphorus. Ca-bound phosphorus fraction dominated inorganic phosphorus, which occupied more than 50% of the total. A large amount of ammonium was released from the sediments under both aerobic and anaerobic con-ditions, and the anaerobic releases were slightly greater than the aerobic. In addition, ammonium contents in the aerobic waters decreased sharply after reaching the peaks because of strong nitrification, compared with the relatively maintained ammonium peaks in the anaerobic waters. Anaerobic phosphate releases were much greater than the aerobic and the released ortho-phosphate was mainly from Fe-bound phosphorus. Ammonium and ortho-phosphate releases from the sample of the dredged creek were the lowest, showing that creek dredging could effectively remove contaminants from the surface of sediments and weaken the release potentials of nitrogen and phosphorus. Ammonium and ortho-phosphate releases from the fish-pond sediment were greater than those from the creek sediments though its total nitrogen and phosphorus were not the highest, which was probably due to the larger amount of biologically degraded organic matter in the fish-pond sediment.
Density Functional Approach Based on Numerically Obtained Bridge Functional

The Urnstcin Zernike equation is solved with the Rogers- Young approximation for bulk hard sphere fluid and Lcnnard Jones fluid for several state points. Then the resulted bulk fluid radial distribution function combined with the test particle method is employed to determine numerically the function relationship of bridge functional as a function of indirect correlation function. It is found that all of the calculated points from different, phase space state points for a sumo type of fluid collapse, onto a same smooth curve. Then the numerically obtained curve is used to substitute the analytic expression of the bridge functional us a function of indirect, correlation function required in the methodology [J. Chem. Phys. 112 (2000) 8079] to determine the density distribution of non-uniform hard sphere fluid and Lennard-Jones fluid. The good agreement of theoretical predictions with the computer simulation data is obtained. The present numerical procedure incorporates the knowledge of bulk fluid radial distribution function into the constructing of the density functional approximation and makes the original methodology more accurate and more flexible for various interaction potential fluid
Nitrogen Mineralization of Prunings of Six N2-Fixing Hedgerow Species in a Dry Valley of the Jinsha River

A litterbag experiment of 12 weeks was conducted to study nitrogen, mineralization process of prunings of six nitrogen-fixing hedgerow species in a dry valley of the Jinsha River. Prunings were incorporated into soil or used as mulch. The results indicated that pruning N of the six hedgerow species was mineralized fast in the first week and then decreased slowly in the rest of the study period. When prunings were incorporated into soil, the amount of nitrogen mineralized by the end of the first week accounted for 69.9%, 58.2%, 54.5%, 43.0%, 29.6% and 20.6% of the total N in prunings of Desmodium rensonii, Tephrosia Candida, Leucaena leucocephala, Albizia yunnanensis, Acacia dealbata, and Acacia mearnsii, respectively. When prunings of L. leucocephala were used as mulch materials, the amount of nitrogen mineralized in the first week was 16.2% less than that of prunings incorporated into soil. The mineralization pattern of pruning N could be simulated by an exponent model N_t% = N_(01)% (1 - exp(-k_1t))+ N_(02)% (1 - exp(-k_2t)) where N_t% is cumulative mineralized N in time t, N_(01) % and N_(02) % are readily and less readily mineralizable N in prunings, respectively, and /ci and /c2 are rate constants. A half-life period of pruning nitrogen mineralization could also be determined by this model. The nitrogen content in the pruning residues decreased quickly in the first week but fluctuated thereafter. The initial C/N ratio was negatively related to the mineralization rate of prunings.
Thermodynamic study of adsorption of phenolic compounds onto Amberlite XAD-4 polymeric adsorbents and its acetylized derivative MX-4

Adsorption equilibrium isotherms of phenolic compounds, phenol, p-ereaol, p-rhlornphenol and p-nilrophenol, from aqueous solutions by Amberlite XAD-4 polymeric adsorbent and its aoetylized derivative; MX-4 within temperature range of 283-323K were obtained and fitted to the Freundlich isotherms. The capacities of equilibrium adsorption for all four phenolic compounds from their aqueous solutions increased around 20% on the acetylized resin, which may be contributed to the specific: surface area and the partial polarity on the network. Estimations of the Lsoaterie enthalpy, free energy, and entropy for the adsorption process were reported.
Performance Analysis of High-speed Optical Pulse Transmission in Dispersion-managed Nonlinear Birefringent Fiber Using Quantum Well Laser Diode Sources

This paper analyzes the high bit-rate optical pulse trasmission in single mode optical fiber with chromatic dispersion, polarization mode dispersion ( small random birefringence) and nonlinearity. Numerical method employed can precisely describe their interactive effect on transmission performance. Different dispersion maps and the related performance are analysed. Various simulation results and discussion are given. The results show that chromatic dispersion compensation should be carefully designed, Appropriate dispersion management can also alleviate the effect of polarization mode dispersion.
Bioremediation of Soil Contaminated with Petroleum Using Forced-Aeration Coposting

Laboratory simulation studies and a composting pilot study were conducted to evaluate the capacity of three strains of fungi, indigenous fungus Fusarium sp. and Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Coriolus Versicolor, to remediate petroleum-contaminated soils. In laboratory, the fungi were inoculated into a liquid culture medium and the petroleum-contaminated soil samples for incubation of 40 and 50 days, respectively. In the 200-day pilot study, nutrient contents and moisture were adjusted and maintained under aerobic condition in composting units using concrete container (118.5 cm X 65.5 cm X 12.5 cm) designed specially for this study. The laboratory simulation results showed that all the three fungi were effective in degrading petroleum in the liquid culture medium and in the soil. At the end of both the laboratory incubations, the degradation rates by Phanerochaete chrysosporiinn were the highest, reaching 66% after incubation in liquid culture for 50 days. This was further demonstrated in the composting pilot study where the degradation rate by P. chrysosporium reached 79% within 200 days, higher than those of the other two fungi (53.1% and 46.1%), indicating that P. chrysosporium was the best fungus for bioremediation of soil contaminated with petroleum. Further research is required to increase degradation rate.
配施氮磷钾肥对水稻产量和效益的影响

水稻是德江县主要粮食作物之一。近年来。良种面积扩大，栽培技术有所提高，要进一步完善平衡配套施肥方案，寻找最佳施肥量，指导大田生产。为此,2001年在堰塘乡高家湾衬设置了水稻"3414"肥效试验。
Speciation and fractionation of heavy metals in soil experimentally contaminated with Pb, Cd, Co and Zn together and effects on soil negative surface charge

Speculation and fractionalion of heavy metals in soil subsamples experimentally loaded with Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn in orthogonal design was investigated by sequential extraction, and operationally defined as water-soluble and exchangeable(SE), weakly specific adsorbedC WSA), I'V and Mn oxides-bouml(OX) and organic-bound(ORG). The results showed that fractions of heavy metals in the soil subsampl.es depended on their speciation. About 90% of Cd and 75% of Zn existed in soil subsamples in the SE fraction. Lead and Cu existed in soil subsamples as SE, WSA and OX fractions simultaneously, although SE was slill the major fraction. Organic-bound heavy metals were not clearly apparent in all the soil subsamples. The concentration of some heavy metal fractions in soil subsamples showed the good correlation with ionic impulsion of soil, especially for the SE fraction. Continuous saturation of soil subsamples with 0.20 mol/L NH4C1, which is the first step for determination of the negative surface charge of soil by the ion retention method, resulted in desorption of certain heavy metals from the soil. It was found that the percentage desorptinn of heavy metals from soil subsarnples depended greatly on pH, the composition and original heavy metal content of the soil subsamples. However, most of the heavy metals in the soil subsamples were still be retained after multiple saturation. Compared with the parent soil, the negative surface charge of soil subsamplea loaded with heavy metals did not show difference significantly from llial of the parent one by statistical analysis. Heavy metals existed in the soil subsamples mainly as exchangeable and precipitated simultaneously.
Strange Meson Radiative Capture on the Proton in Low Energy QCD Lagrangian

Based on our low energy QCD Lagrangian description of strange meson photoproduction off the proton and the crossing symmetry, the strange meson radiative capture on the proton, K~- + p →γ +Λ, is investigated in the [Su_(SF) (6) direct X O(3)] sym. Direct X SU_c (3) quark model of baryon structure with the same input parameter, the only strong coupling constant aM| as that in the strange meson photoproduction off the protonγ+ p → K~+ +Λ, a crossing channel of the capture reaction. A good agreement on the branching ratio between the predictions and data is obtained successfully. This excellent fit indicates that our low energy QCD Lagrangian theory with only one free parameter is an advanced and unified description of strange meson photoproduction and its associated radiative capture.
Mie-Rayleigh Doppler Wind Lidar with Two Double-edge Interferometers

The Mie-Rayleigh direct detection Doppler lidar (DDDL) with two double-edge etalons is presented. Fabry-Perot (F-P) etalon is used as the spectral analyzer for Doppler measurement formthe aerosol and molecule backscattered signals. The aerosol and molecular backscattering signals are separated by a polarization isolator with less signal decrement, so this system has about same accuracy as individual Rayleigh Doppler lidar or Mie Doppler lidar system. The simulation on a proposed ground-based DDDL at 532 nm shows that the velocity error is less than 2 m/s below 8 km for a 100 m vertical resolution by Mie channel and 2m/s up to 20 km by Rayleigh channel, respectively.
Heat Transfer Analysis on Laser-tissue Thermal Interaction Using Heterogeneous Model

Considering the heterogeneous thermal properties of living tissues, a multi-layer heat transfer model for laser-tissue thermal interaction is presented in this paper. An analytical solution to the temperature transients within two tissue layers is obtained using the Laplace integral transform method. Heat transfer behaviors inside the tissues before evaporation are investigated. The critical time required to vaporize the surface tissue and the thermal damage depth are numerically predicted. It was shown that there is evident difference in temperature predictions between the uniform model and the heterogeneous one. This study is useful to laser surgery, such as ophthalmology, dermatology and neurosurgery which request high accuracy on temperature prediction and heat deposition.
Is there a Di-O State?

Resonating-group method has been applied to calculate the QQ (SIJ - -C,O,OJ dibaryon state in the framework of the extended quark-delocalization color-screening model. The mass of the di-fl is predicted to be about 45 MeV lower than the fl-Q threshold. The effect of channel coupling due to the. tensor force and sensitivity to meson exchange short-range cutoff radius, ro have also been studied.
On the hyperbolic obstacle problem of first order

This paper presents new results for strong solutions and their coincidence sets of the obstacle problem for linear hyperbolic, operators of first order. An inequality similar to the Lewy-Stampacchia ones for elliptic and pivrabolic problems is shown. Under nondegeneracy conditions the stability of the coincidence set is shown with respect to the variation of the data and with respect to approximation by semilinear hyperbolic problems. These results are applied to the asymptotic stability of the evolution problem with respect to the stationary coercive problem with obstacle.
Classification of gear faults using higher-order statistics and support vector machines

Gears alternately mesh and detach in driving process, and then working conditions of gears are alternately changing, so they are easy to be spalled and worn. But because of the effect of additive gaussian measurement noises, the signal-to-noises ratio is low; their fault features are difficult to extract. This study aims to propose an approach of gear faiilts classification, using the cumulants and support vector machines. The cumulants can eliminate the additive gaussian noises, boost the signal-to-noises ratio. Generalisation of support vector machines as classifier, which is employed struc-tural risk minimisation principle, is superior to that of conventional neural networks, which is employed traditional em-pirical risk minimisation principle. Support vector machines as the classifier, and the third and fourth order cumulants as input, gears faults are successfully recognized. The experimental results show that the method of fault classification com-bining cumulants with support vector machines is very effective.
Delaunay-based surface reconstruction algorithm in reverse engineering

Triangulation of scattered points is the first important section during reverse engineering. New concepts of dy-namic circle and closed point are put forward based on current basic method. These new concepts can narrow the extent which triangulation process should seek through and optimize the triangles during producing them. Updating the search-ing edges dynamically controls progress of triangulation. Intersection judgment between new triangle and produced trian-gles is changed into intersection judgment between new triangle and searching edges. Examples illustrate superiorities of this new algorithm.
ACTIVE ROBOTIC ENDOSCOPE FOR MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGERY

A robotic endoscope is mainly composed of a tactile array sensor, soft mobile mechanism for earthworm loco-motion and turning mechanism based on shape memory effect. The tactile array sensor can provide the information about magnitude and orientation of interacting forces between the robotic endoscope and the wall of gastrointestinal tracts. The soft mobile mechanism contacts gastrointestinal tracts with air-in inflatable balloons, so it has better soft and non-invasive properties. The turning mechanism can be actively bent by shape memory alloy components and conform to the complex shape of gastrointestinal tracts. The working principle of robotic endoscope is dealt with.
A Hybrid Model for Smoke Simulation

A smoke simulation approach based on the integration of traditional particle systems and density functions is presented in this paper.By attaching a density function to each particle as its attribute,the diffusion of smoke can be described by the variation of parti-each particle as its attribute ,the diffusion of smoke can be described by the variation of parti-cles’ density functions ,along with the effect on airflow by controlling particles’ movement and fragmentation.In addition.a continuous density field for realistic rendering can be generatd quickly through the look-up talbes of particle’s density functions .Compared with traditional particle systems,this approach can describe smoke diffusion,and provide a continuous density field for realistic rendering with much less computation.A quick rendering scheme is also presented in this paper as a useful preview tool for tuning appropriate parameters in the smoke model.
The Contiguity in R/M

An r.e. degree c is contiguous if degwtt(A)=degwtt(B)for any r.e. sets A,B∈c.In this paper,we generalize the notation of contiguity to the structure R/M, the upper semilattice of  the r.e. degree set R modulo the cappable r.e. degree set M.An element[C]∈R/M is contiguous if s[degwtt(A)]=[degwtt(B)]for any r.e. sets A,B such that degT(A),degT(B)∈[c],It is proved in this paper that every nonzero element in R/M is not contiguous,i.e.,for every element [C]∈R/M,if[C]≠[O] then there exist at least two r.e. sets A,B such that degT(A),degT(B)∈[C]and [degwtt[A]≠[degwtt(B)].
Anomaly feature of seasonal frozen soil variations on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

The seasonal frozen soil on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has strong response to climate change, and its freezing-thawing process also affects East Asia climate. In this paper, the freezing soil maximum depth of 46 stations covering 1961-1999 on the plateau is analyzed by rotated experience orthogonal function (REOF). The results show that there are four main frozen anomaly regions on the plateau, i.e., the northeastern, southeastern and southern parts of the plateau and Qaidam Basin. The freezing soil depths of the annual anomaly regions in the above representative stations show that there are different changing trends. The main trend, except for the Qaidam Basin, has been decreasing since the 1980s, a sign of the climate warming. Compared with the 1980s, on the average, the maximum soil depth decreased by about 0.02 m, 0.05 m and 0.14 m in the northeastern, southeastern and southern parts of the plateau, but increased by about 0.57 m in the Qaidam Basin during the 1990s. It means there are different responses to climate system in the above areas. The spectrum analysis reveals different change cycles; in higher frequency there is an about 2-year long cycle in Qaidam Basin and southern part of the plateau in the four representative areas whereas in lower frequency there is an about 14-year long cycle in all the four representative areas due to the combined influence of different soil textures and solutes in four areas.
Model analysis for combustion characteristics of RDF pellet

Fundamental studies of the combustion characteristics and the de-HCl behavior of a single refuse-derived fuel(RDF) pellet were carried out to explain the de-HCl phenomena of RDF during fluidized bed combustion and to provide data for the development of high efficiency power generation technology using RDF previously. For further interpreting the devolatilization and the char combustion processes of RDF quantitatively, an unsteady combustion model for single RDF pellet, involving reaction rates, heat transfer and oxygen diffusion in the RDF pellet, was developed. Comparisons of simulation results with experimental data for mass loss of the RDF samples made from municipal solid waste, wood chips and poly-propylene when they were heated at 10K/min or put into the furnace under 1073K show the verifiability of the model. Using this model, the distributions of the temperature and the reaction ratio along the radius of RDF pellet during the devolatilization process and the char combustion process were presented, and discussion about the inference of heating rate on the combustion characteristics were performed.
Heavy metals and phosphorus in tidal flat sediments of the Yangtze estuary

Concentrations of heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr and Cd), and phosphorous (P) were determined in surface tidal flat sediments of the Yangtze estuary and Shanghai coast. Results demonstrate that there were significant differences among the accumulation of the heavy metals in sediments, following the order: Zn > Cu > Cr > Pb > Cd. The spatial distribution and chemical forms of heavy metals in tidal flat sediments were closely related to the distribution of pollution resources (outlet of sewage) and the local sedimentary and hydrodynamic conditions. The dominated form of non-residual heavy metals is bound to Fe/Mn oxides, and the next form is bound to carbonates. Moreover, contents of total P in sediments range from 18.0μmol.g~(-1) to 31.4 (μmol.g~(-1) along the coastline, speciation of P in sediments was different, most of P in tidal flat sediments is associated with calcium phases (as Ca-P) similar to marine sediments.
Anodic dissolution of gold in alkaline solutions containing thiourea, thiosulfate and sulfite ions

Gold dissolves electrochemically in alkaline solutions containing ligands to form complex ions with gold ion. Therefore, selective leaching of noble metals is expected without dissolution of base metals such as steels, aluminum alloys in scrap treatment. Gold electrodes were investigated using linear sweep voltammetry, EQCM method and potentiostatic electrolysis in alkaline solutions containing thiourea, Na_2SO_3 and Na_2S_2O_3. The solution composition, electrode potential affect gold dissolution rate and current efficiency. The gold dissolved from anode electrode forms complex ions, suspension particles as compound precipitates and deposits on cathode electrode as a metal. Anodic efficiency for gold dissolution is between 10% and 22%. This is caused by the oxidation decomposition of sulfite ions and thiourea. The stability of t he alkaline solution containing these elements was also estimated by capillary electrophoresis technique.