mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Latest TMPA and CMORPH Precipitation Products with Independent Rain Gauge Observation Networks over High-latitude and Low-latitude Basins in China

The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA) and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Climate Prediction Center (CPC) morphing technique (CMORPH) are two important multi-satellite precipitation products in TRMM-era and perform important functions in GPM-era. Both TMPA and CMORPH systems simultaneously upgraded their retrieval algorithms and released their latest version of precipitation data in 2013. In this study, the latest TMPA and CMORPH products (i.e., Version-7 real-time TMPA (T-rt) and gauge-adjusted TMPA (T-adj), and Version-1.0 real-time CMORPH (C-rt) and Version-1.0 gauge-adjusted CMORPH (C-adj)) are evaluated and intercompared by using independent rain gauge observations for a 12-year (2000-2011) period over two typical basins in China with different geographical and climate conditions. Results indicate that all TMPA and CMORPH products tend to overestimate precipitation for the high-latitude semiarid Laoha River Basin and underestimate it for the low-latitude humid Mishui Basin. Overall, the satellite precipitation products exhibit superior performance over Mishui Basin than that over Laoha River Basin. The C-adj presents the best performance over the high-latitude Laoha River Basin, whereas T-adj showed the best performance over the low-latitude Mishui Basin. The two gauge-adjusted products demonstrate potential in water resource management. However, the accuracy of two real-time satellite precipitation products demonstrates large variability in the two validation basins. The C-rt reaches a similar accuracy level with the gauge-adjusted satellite precipitation products in the high-latitude Laoha River Basin, and T-rt performs well in the low-latitude Mishui Basin. The study also reveals that all satellite precipitation products obviously overestimate light rain amounts and events over Laoha River Basin, whereas they underestimate the amount and events over Mishui Basin. The findings of the precision characteristics associated with the latest TMPA and CMORPH precipitation products at different basins will offer satellite precipitation users an enhanced understanding of the applicability of the latest TMPA and CMORPH for water resource management, hydrologic process simulation, and hydrometeorological disaster prediction in other similar regions in China. The findings will also be useful for IMERG algorithm development and update in GPM-era.
伏立康唑致室上性心动过速1例

伏立康唑是治疗侵袭性真菌感染的广谱三唑类抗真菌药物,对念珠菌属、曲霉属、隐球菌等常见致病真菌具有强大的抗菌活性,是治疗侵袭性曲霉病(invasive aspergillus,IA)的一线药物,亦常用于治疗对氟康唑耐药的念珠菌属感染~[1]。伏立康唑不良反应发生率约为30%~[2],其中心动过速发生率约为2.4%~[3],发生机制尚不明确。本文报道伏立康唑致室上性心动过速1例,分析此次不良事件发生可能的危险因素,探讨室上性心动过速是否与伏立康唑剂量相关,为临床安全合理使用伏立康唑提出建议。
国家标准《铸造合金光谱分析取样方法》解读

《铸造合金光谱分析取样方法》是铸造行业的基础性标准。现今,我国铸件产量跃居世界第一,铸造技术水平有了很大的提高,铸造新材料、新技术、新工艺得到了广泛的推广和应用,企业间的铸件贸易、技术交流越来越多, GB/T 5678—1985《铸造合金光谱分析取样方法》已不能很好的适应行业的发展,因此有必要对其进行修订。基于这种情况,全国铸造标准化技术委员会委托沈阳铸造研究所和中国一拖集团有限公司负责组织成立标准起草工作组,工作组广泛收集国内外有关标准和技术资料,广泛征求了生产企业的意见,并进行了大量的技术分析对比、资料查证、调查研究以及必要的试验验证工作,对《铸造合金光谱分析取样方法》进行修订。 2012年8月,全国铸造标准化技术委员会在江西省南昌市召开了《铸造合金光谱分析取样方法》国家标准审查会,全国各单位近30余位专家参加了会议,会议成立了专家审查组并对《铸造合金光谱分析取样方法》国家标准进行了认真审查,标准起草工作组按照会议审查意见对标准作了进一步的修改,于2012年12月形成了标准报批稿。
酚醛树脂对铸造涂料性能和涂层组织结构的影响

目前,使用酚醛树脂对铸造涂层的影响认识不够全面。研究了酚醛树脂的加入量在1% ~8%(质量分数)范围内缓慢增加时,对铸造涂料的悬浮性、粘结性以及所形成涂层组织结构的连续性与完整性的影响规律,得到了铸造涂料中酚醛树脂含量的合理添加范围。结果表明:理想的酚醛树脂加入量为低于4%,在此范围内,随着酚醛树脂的加入量增多,铸造涂料的悬浮性变好,粘结性变大,涂层组织结构的连续性和完整性更好。
X60管线钢在柴油中的腐蚀行为

为了预防和消除管线钢在柴油中的腐蚀,采用宏观观察、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪等对浸入不同水含量的0号柴油中的X60管线钢的腐蚀行为进行研究。结果表明:0号柴油可以在X60管线钢表面形成油膜,可增加管线钢的抗腐蚀能力,但水的存在将弱化油膜对X60管线钢的保护;当0号柴油中添加0.5 mL/L水,X60管线钢表面出现点蚀,点蚀数量和大小随着含水量增加而增加,也随浸泡时间延长而增加,水参与并控制X60钢的电化学腐蚀,腐蚀产物为黑色的氧化亚铁。
酸性溶液中抽油杆用9Cr钢与20CrMo钢的腐蚀及力学性能对比

为了提供新型抽油杆用钢材料,以缓解目前高强度和新型超高强度抽油杆用钢材料耐蚀性不足的状况,制备了新型9Cr钢,其采用低C,Mn,S,P高Cr设计,经低温回火获得了远高于现有20CrMo抽油杆用钢的常规拉伸强度以及与其相近的塑性。通过全浸试验和慢应变速率拉伸试验对比研究了抽油杆用9Cr钢与20CrMo钢在酸性溶液中的耐蚀性。结果表明:在NACE溶液(pH =2.7)中浸泡时,9Cr的耐蚀性高于20CrMo,9Cr钢在整个浸泡试验阶段腐蚀速率保持稳定,而20CrMo钢浸泡初期的腐蚀速率与9Cr钢相当,随着浸泡时间的延长,其腐蚀速率不断增加,明显高于9Cr钢;在饱和H2S溶液中,9Cr钢的慢应变速率拉伸强度和拉断时间均大于20CrMo钢,但其断面收缩率显著小于20CrMo钢,表现为明显的脆性断裂,抗硫化氢应力腐蚀开裂性能较差。
Micellization and Gelation of the Double Thermoresponsive ABC-type Triblock Copolymer Synthesized by RAFT

A double thermoresponsive ABC-type triblock copolymer (poly(ethyleneglycol)-block-poly(2-(2-methoxyethoxy) ethyl methacrylate)-block-poly(2-(2-methoxy ethoxy) ethyl methacrylate-co-oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate, PEG-b-PMEO_2MA-b-P(MEO_2MA-co-OEGMA)) was designed and synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT). The ABC-type triblock copolymer endowed a thermal-induced two-step phase transition at 29 and 39 ℃, corresponding to the thermosensitive properties of PMEO_2MA and P(MEO_2MA-co-OEGMA) segments, respectively. The two-step self-assembly of copolymer solutions was studied by UV transmittance measurement, dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and so on. The triblock copolymers showed the distinct thermosensitive behavior with respect to transition temperatures, aggregate type and size, which was correlated to the degree of polymerization of thermosensitive blocks and the molar fraction of OEGMA in the P(MEO_2MA-co-OEGMA) segments. In addition, micelles could further aggregate to form the hydrogel by the self-associate of PEG chains under the abduction of the concentration and temperature. The transition from sol to gel was investigated by a test tube inverting method and dynamic rheological measurement.
弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤临床预后系统与分子预后因素的研究进展

弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(diffuse large B-cell lymphoma,DLBCL)是非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)中最常见的亚型,占西方成人NHL患者的30% ~40%,占中国NHL患者的37.94%。DLBCL在病理及临床方面呈高度异质性,患者对治疗的反应及预后也相差很大。分子病理及靶向治疗的发展,使DLBCL的预后评估因素有了很大进展。临床预后评估系统由国际预后指数(IPI),逐渐进展为年龄调整的IPI(aa-IPI)、改良的IPI(R-IPI)、NCCN-IPI,而且出现了新的分子预后因素,主要包括生发中心/非生发中心(GCB/non-GCB)分子亚型、Ki-67、C-Myc、Bcl-2、CD5、p53等。在本文中我们将就DLBCL临床预后系统的演进及分子预后因素的研究进展进行综述。
Relationship between Crystal Structure of Inclusions and Formation of Acicular Ferrites

The formation mechanism of intragranular ferrites with acicular morphology was discussed. The ferrites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the ferrites had an acicular structure with radial, symmetrical, and acicular laths, and that the inclusions were the nucleation sites of the intragranular acicular ferrites. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to characterize the inclusions. The results of TEM with energy dispersive spectroscopy and TEM-selected area electron diffraction indicated that the complex inclusions consisted of Ti-Al complex oxides and MnS. The jagged edges of the complex inclusions can be ascribed to the effects of the crystal structure. The stabilization energy U of the coordination polyhedron growth units varies with the type of connection according to the calculation results. A larger U corresponds to more stable growth units, which induces the preferentially oriented growth of inclusions, at which point acicular ferrites are formed.
Who is innocent in authorship misconduct?

Recently, the editorial office received a requisition from one of the co-corresponding authors of an article published in Zoological Research in 2003. This researcher claimed he was not informed that he was listed as an author during the entire manuscript submission and publication process. Moreover, he had a concern about the reliability of the data in the paper. Therefore, he would like to withdraw his authorship of this particular article or withdraw this article entirely. The editorial office forwarded the letter to the other authors to collect comments, and the first author completely denied the co-corresponding author's claim of unawareness of authorship by providing archived emails between them. Setting aside what really happened 13 years ago, in this case, it may be interpreted that either this cocorresponding author himself is announcing his honorary authorship (either by passively being added to the byline or actively accepting the offer) in this article, or is trying to avoid taking (potential) responsibility regarding the research content by using honorary authorship as a defense. Meanwhile, the first author has been accused of offering honorary authorship to a senior researcher.
Impact of agricultural intensification on soil organic carbon: A study using DNDC in Huantai County, Shandong Province, China

Using the biogeochemical model denitrification/decomposition (DNDC), the dynamic changes of soil organic carbon (SOC) of farmland from the 1980s to 2030s were investigated in Huantai County, a typical intensive agricultural region in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China. Prior to modelling, validation of the DNDC model against field data sets of SOC from Quzhou Experimental Station in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain was conducted at the site scale. We compared the simulated results with the observed SOC in Huantai County during 1982-2011 under two different classification methods of simulation unit (the first method integrated soil type and land use of Huantai County to form the overlapped modeling units; the second selected the 11 administrative towns as the modeling units), and achieved a high accuracy in the model simulation with the improvement of the model parameters. Regional SOC (0-20 cm) density and stocks for Huantai County in the years 2012-2031 were predicted under different scenarios of farming management. Compared with current management practices, optimized fertilization (20% decrease of mineral N), crop straw incorporation (90%) and appropriate animal manure input (40 kg N ha~(-1) yr~(-1)) could achieve the highest level of SOC density (56.8% higher than 2011) in the period of 2012-2031. The research highlighted the importance of crop straw incorporation, optimized N fertilization and integration of crop production with animal husbandry on the farmland carbon sequestration for maintaining a high land productivity in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain.
Combining gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence measurements to analyze the photosynthetic activity of drip-irrigated cotton under different soil water deficits

Gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence were measured to study the effects of soil water deficit (75, 60 and 45% of field capacity, FC) on the photosynthetic activity of drip-irrigated cotton under field conditions. At light intensities above 1 200 μmol m~(-2) s~(-1), leaf net photosynthetic rate (P_n) at 60 and 45% FC was 0.75 and 0.45 times respectively than that of 75% FC. The chlorophyll content, leaf water potential and yield decreased as soil water deficit decreased. Fiber length was significantly lower at 45% FC than at 75% FC. The actual quantum yield of the photosystem II (PSII) primary photochemistry and the photochemical quenching were significantly greater at 60% FC than at 75% FC. The electron transport rate and non-photochemical quenching at 45% FC were 0.91 and 1.29 times than those at 75% FC, respectively. The amplitudes of the K-and L-bands were higher at 45% FC than at 60% FC. As soil water content decreased, active PSII reaction centers per chlorophyll decreased, functional PSII antenna size increased, and energetic connectivity between PSII units decreased. Electron flow from plastoquinol to the PSI end electron acceptors was significantly lower at 45% FC than at 75% FC. Similar to the effect on leaf P_n, water deficit reduced the performance index (PI_(ABS, total)) in the dark-adapted state. These results suggest that (i) the effect of mild water deficit on photosystem activity was mainly related to processes between plastoquinol and the PSI end electron acceptors, (ii) PSI end electron acceptors were only affected at moderate water deficit, and (iii) PI_(ABS, total) can reliably indicate the effect of water deficit on the energy supply for cotton metabolism.
Analysis of cytosine methylation in early generations of resynthesized Brassica napus

DNA methylation, an important epigenetic modification, serves as a key function in the polyploidization of numerous crops. In this study, early generations of resynthesized Brassica napus (F_1, S_1-S_3), ancestral parents B. rapa and B. oleracea were analyzed to characterize their DNA methylation status during polyploidization, applying DNA methylation-sensitive amplification polymorphism (MSAP) and high-performance liquid chromatography methods. In F_1, 53.4% fragments were inherited from both A-and C-genomes. Besides, 5.04 and 8.87% fragments in F_1 were inherited from A-and C-genome, respectively. 5.85 and 0.8% fragments were newly appeared and disappeared in resynthesized B. napus, respectively. 13.1% of these gene sites were identified with methylation changes in F_1, namely, hypermethylation (7.86%) and hypomethylation (5.24%). The lowest methylation status was detected in F_1 (38.7%) compared with in S_1-S_3. In S_3, 40.32% genes were methylated according to MSAP analysis. Sequencing of methylated fragments indicated that genes involved in multiple biological processes were modified, including transcription factors, protein modification, and transporters. Expression ananlysis of DNA methyltransferase 1 and DNA methyltransferase chromomethylase 3 in different materials was consistent to the DNA methylation status. These results can generally facilitate dissection of how DNA methylation contributes to genetic stability and improvement of B. napus during polyploidization.
Estimation of biomass in wheat using random forest regression algorithm and remote sensing data

Wheat biomass can be estimated using appropriate spectral vegetation indices. However, the accuracy of estimation should be further improved for on-farm crop management. Previous studies focused on developing vegetation indices, however limited research exists on modeling algorithms. The emerging Random Forest (RF) machine-learning algorithm is regarded as one of the most precise prediction methods for regression modeling. The objectives of this study were to (1) investigate the applicability of the RF regression algorithm for remotely estimating wheat biomass, (2) test the performance of the RF regression model, and (3) compare the performance of the RF algorithm with support vector regression (SVR) and artificial neural network (ANN) machine-learning algorithms for wheat biomass estimation. Single HJ-CCD images of wheat from test sites in Jiangsu province were obtained during the jointing, booting, and anthesis stages of growth. Fifteen vegetation indices were calculated based on these images. In-situ wheat above-ground dry biomass was measured during the HJ-CCD data acquisition. The results showed that the RF model produced more accurate estimates of wheat biomass than the SVR and ANN models at each stage, and its robustness is as good as SVR but better than ANN. The RF algorithm provides a useful exploratory and predictive tool for estimating wheat biomass on a large scale in Southern China.
The Mesoproterozoic to early Neoproterozoic passive margin Lajeado Group and Apiai Gabbro, Southeastern Brazil

The Lajeado Group in the Ribeira Belt, southeastern Brazil, corresponds to an open-sea carbonate platform, comprised of seven overlapping siliciclastic and carbonatic formations, intruded in its upper portion by the Apiai Gabbro. These rocks have a Neoproterozoic tectonometamorphic overprint related to arc magmatism and the Brasiliano collisional orogeny. Geochronological constraints are given by new UPb SHRIMP and LA-ICP-MS data for Lajeado Group detrital zircons and for magmatic zircons from the Apiai Gabbro. The youngest detrital zircons in the Lajeado Group are 1400-1200 Ma, and constrain its maximum age of deposition to be <1200 Ma, whereas the 877 ± 8 Ma age for magmatic zircons in the Apiai Gabbro give the minimum age. Detritus source areas are mainly Paleoproterozoic (2200-1800 Ma) with some Archean and Mesoproterozoic contribution (1500-1200 Ma), with distal or tectonic stable cratonic character. The Lajeado Group should be a StenianeTonian carbonate platform passive margin of a continent at this time, namely the Columbia/Nuna or the Rodinia. The Apiai Gabbro displays similar age to other intrusive basic rocks in the Lajeado and Itaiacoca groups and represents tholeiitic MORB-like magmatism that we relate to the initial break-up of a Mesoproterozoic continent and the formation of the Brasiliano oceans.
Probabilistic Top-k Query: Model and Application on Web Traffic Analysis

Top-k ranking of websites according to traffic volume is important for Internet Service Providers (ISPs) to understand network status and optimize network resources. However, the ranking result always has a big deviation with actual rank for the existence of unknown web traffic, which cannot be identified accurately under current techniques. In this paper, we introduce a novel method to approximate the actual rank. This method associates unknown web traffic with websites according to statistical probabilities. Then, we construct a probabilistic top-k query model to rank websites. We conduct several experiments by using real HTTP traffic traces collected from a commercial ISP covering an entire city in northern China. Experimental results show that the proposed techniques can reduce the deviation existing between the ground truth and the ranking results vastly. In addition, we find that the websites providing video service have higher ratio of unknown IP as well as higher ratio of unknown traffic than the websites providing text web page service. Specifically, we find that the top-3 video websites have more than 90% of unknown web traffic. All these findings are helpful for ISPs understanding network status and deploying Content Distributed Network (CDN).
不同级别宫颈上皮内瘤变患者宫颈HPV感染状况的分析

目的分析女性宫颈上皮内瘤样病变(CIN)患者人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)的感染状况及不同HPV基因型的分布规律。方法选取2011年3月至2014年12月于北京市房山区第一医院妇科诊断并治疗的632例不同级别CIN患者为研究对象,采用PCR扩增及导流杂交基因芯片技术对患者宫颈脱落细胞进行HPV基因分型检测,观察不同年龄阶段及不同级别CIN患者HPV的感染状况。结果632例样本中,共304例检测出HPV阳性,阳性率为48.10%;其中高危型-HPV检出率为25.63% (162/632),低危型-HPV检出率为22.47% (142/632),二组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);高危型以HPV16亚型为主,低危型以HPV6亚型为主。感染患者中,多基因型混合感染占39.80% (121/304),其中CIN2和CIN3患者占混合感染总例数的68.60% (83/121)。20~30岁组和41~50岁组HPV检出率(63.97%和50.27%)明显高于其他年龄组(P< 0.000 1)。CIN1、CIN2、CIN3患者的单一基因型感染率分别为27.41%、30.47%、28.49%,三者之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);CIN3患者多重基因型HPV检出率(22.35%)略高于CIN1 (19.89%)和CIN2 (16.80%),但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。CIN1患者的高危型-HPV感染检出率(11.96%)明显低于CIN2 (72.73%)和CIN3 (69.23%)患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.000 1)。结论20~30岁和41~50岁组是HPV感染的高发人群;不同级别CIN患者均存在高危型HPV感染,但在高级别CIN患者中感染检出率更高。
盐酸羟考酮用于腹腔镜胆囊切除术后内脏痛镇痛的研究

腹腔镜胆囊切除术是经典的微创外科技术,具有创伤小、恢复快、疗效肯定等优点。传统观点认为其术后的疼痛、不适也是轻微的、短暂的,不需要特别处理。但随着手术病例的增多,由疼痛导致的机体危害也日渐突显,尤须注意的是胆囊切除术后早期内脏痛是慢性疼痛的重要危险因素,如处理不当会遗留术后长期、慢性疼痛[1]。因此,内脏痛正日益受到重视,它所造成的社会负担甚至超过躯体疼痛[2]。目前常规使用的阿片类镇痛药属于中枢μ-受体激动剂,对躯体痛效果满意,对内脏痛的疗效有限。最新研究表明,羟考酮作为半合成的阿片双受体激动药,主要通过激动中枢神经系统和平滑肌的阿片受体而起镇痛作用,与吗啡的镇痛效价是1:1或1:1.5[3],尤其对治疗内脏痛有优势。同时研究表明,盐酸羟考酮缓释片还可以改善中重度癌痛患者不良情绪,从而提高患者镇痛满意度[4]。本研究旨在观察盐酸羟考酮注射液用于腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者内脏镇痛的效果,为临床提供参考。
闭合性股骨干骨折并发骨折部位感染1例

闭合性骨折并发骨折部位感染在临床极其罕见,但却是严重的并发症,主要表现为局部疼痛加重、皮肤出现红斑及高热等,因其症状与骨折本身具有重叠,因而给临床诊断和治疗带来了较大困难。Baharuddin M等和Dunsmuir RA等曾报道过闭合性骨折并发急性骨髓炎的患者,Kulkarni VA等报道过3例关节内骨折并发骨折部位感染的年轻患者,张振华等报道过1例闭合性股骨干骨折并发血肿感染的患者。本科收治1例股骨干骨折并发骨折部位感染的患者,现报道如下。
以尺骨作为内固定治疗桡骨远端骨折

[目的]固定针插入桡骨远端的骨折近端和远端并固定于尺骨,即利用尺骨作为内固定支柱为桡骨远端骨折提供一种新方法。[方法]2012年10月~ 2014年8月,对21例桡骨远端不稳定骨折(远端骨折块足够大)采用新方法进行治疗。根据AO分类系统,12例为A3型骨折,9例为C2型骨折。临床疗效评价指标包括骨折愈合、并发症、疼痛、握力、腕关节活动范围。影像学评价包括掌倾角、尺偏角、桡骨远端高度。[结果]平均随访18个月(6 ~ 24个月) 。所有骨折均愈合,平均愈合时间6.8周(5 ~ 8周) 。3例小的并发症: 1例针道感染,2例克氏针松动。术后即刻与术后1年,掌倾角分别为(7.5 ± 2.8) °、(6.4 ± 3.4) °,尺偏角分别为(22.1 ± 2.2) °、(21.3 ± 2.5) °,尺骨变异分别为(0.6 ± 1.5) mm、(1.0 ± 0.8) mm。术后1年,患侧与健侧腕关节活动范围的比值:掌屈(92.2 ± 5.4) %,背伸(91.3 ± 4.2) %,旋后(93.3 ± 5.2) %,旋前(93.6 ± 4.8) %;患侧与健侧握力的比值(95.4 ± 6.1) %。VAS评分平均(0.5 ± 0.7)分,19例患者无疼痛。[结论]利用尺骨作为内固定支柱治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折(远端骨折块足够大)是一种简单、微创的非桥接固定技术,能维持解剖、功能好。
磁力导航交锁髓内钉治疗股骨干骨折

[目的]探讨磁力导航交锁髓内钉远端锁钉技术在治疗股骨干骨折中的临床应用与疗效。[方法]自2012年1月~ 2014年9月,采用闭合复位磁力导航交锁髓内钉远端锁钉技术治疗股骨干骨折32例。男26例,女6例;年龄19 ~ 54岁,平均37.3岁。致伤原因:交通事故伤18例,高处坠落伤7例,跌伤5例,挤压伤2例。均为闭合性骨折。骨折按AO分型: 32-A 10例,32-B 16例,32-C 6例。受伤至手术时间4 ~ 10 d,平均6.5 d。所有患者入院后均予以胫骨结节骨牵引。[结果] 32例交锁髓内钉的远端锁钉均在磁力导航下完成,远端锁钉均一次性成功完成,锁钉时间4.5 ~ 10 min,平均7 min。所有患者均获随访,随访时间13 ~ 26个月,平均13.2个月。骨折均获临床愈合,愈合时间8 ~ 22周,平均14.5周。末次随访时,根据Harris髋关节功能评分标准评定疗效,优29例,良3例,优良率100%;根据Neer膝关节功能评分标准,优25例,良6例,可1例,优良率96.9%。[结论]磁力导航定位准确,手术创伤小,操作简便,明显缩短了手术时间,有效解决了带锁髓内钉治疗股骨干骨折远端锁钉困难的问题,避免了医患双方X线辐射及对C型臂X线机的依赖。且磁力导航交锁髓内钉具有微创、抗短缩、抗旋转能力强、骨折愈合率高等优点,值得临床推广应用。
加强细节管理对准分子激光角膜屈光手术并发症及满意度的影响

准分子激光角膜屈光手术使屈光不正患者摘掉眼镜获得良好的裸眼视力,同时为其带来了生活工作的便利、美容和自信,因其具有风险低、痛苦小、手术的有效性和预测性好等优点,近年来已被大多数人所接受。然而,一些易被忽略的手术细节,往往决定着手术的成败。因此,笔者回顾性分析了2011年1至2013年1月,采用准分子激光角膜屈光手术后出现并发症患者的临床资料,从细节人手,通过加强各个环节的安全防范,比较了细节管理干预前后并发症发生情况和患者满意度,现报告如下。
腰椎椎弓崩裂及腰椎滑脱法医学鉴定1例

椎弓根崩裂及腰椎滑脱病因大多为先天发育异常或慢性应力性损伤。因此,进行鉴定时需辨明与外伤的因果关系。先天性因素或慢性疲劳应力性损伤所致者,平片和CT影像上表现为裂隙两端断面光滑、骨质密度增加有硬化征象,MRI检查显示椎弓及周围组织信号正常,复查片中上述征象无改变;外伤性因素所致者,受伤早期可显示骨折线,伤后1周左右复查,骨折线更清晰,骨折线毛糙,断端无硬化,周围软组织肿胀,但在后期可见骨痂生长等骨折处修复期改变,在受伤早期骨折断端和周围组织结构MRI表现为T2WI像上呈高信号,在T2WI压脂像上显示效果尤为显著。本例伤者L4双侧椎弓根峡部崩裂,断端硬化,L4椎体向前滑脱Ⅰ度,相应软组织信号无明显异常,断端硬化是陈旧性修复表现,未见邻近结构和组织出现肿胀、出血等损伤,故综合评定为轻微伤。其腰椎椎弓崩裂、腰椎滑脱及椎间盘变性伴突出系陈旧性病变及自身病变,并非本次受伤造成,但本次外伤为加重其原有腰椎疾病症状的因素。
专业化转运团队在院内急重症患者转运中的作用

目的探讨支助中心专业化转运团队在院内急重症患者转运中的作用。方法对支助中心转运组员工进行院内急重症患者转运的专业培训,与急诊科医护人员共同组成专业化转运团队,共同做好转运前准备、制定转运方案、实施转运。比较实施专业化转运前后各4个月院内急重症患者转运意外事件发生率以及患者和接收科室护士满意度。结果实施专业化转运后患者及接收科室护士满意度显著高于实施前(均P<0.01);意外事件发生率实施前后比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论专业化转运提高了支助人员的转运水平,保障了院内急重症患者转运安全,提高患者及接收科室医护人员满意度。
设置护理科研专职管理人员的实践与效果

目的提高临床护理人员的论文写作能力和科研素质。方法护理部设置科研管理专职人员,对全院护理人员科研课题申报、论文写作全程指导和协助。比较实施专职管理3年(2012~2014年,专职管理)后与常规管理方法(2009~2011年,常规管理)全院护理人员科研素质和论文发表情况。结果实施专职管理后,科研立项由常规管理的9项升至25项,发表论文由276篇升至446篇;护理人员专科水平、文献检索、科研创新、论文撰写4项评分显著高于常规管理(均P<0.01)。结论护理科研设专职管理可有效提高护理人员的科研素质和论文写作能力,有利于推动护理学科可持续发展。
儿童昏迷评分量表的研制及信效度检验

目的研制中文版儿童昏迷评分量表,为更好地评估昏迷儿童神经系统提供测评工具。方法引进简化全面无反应性量表(FOUR),通过翻译、回译,结合本院儿科重症监护室患儿及我国儿童生理特征进行修订、文化调适,形成儿童昏迷评分量表,抽取119例儿科重症监护室(PICU)患儿进行测评,对量表进行信度、效度及可行性评价。结果方差贡献率为78.031%,总体Cronbach' sα系数为0.905;内容效度指数(CVI)为1.00,量表各维度间相关系数为0.641~0.819。结论儿童昏迷评分量表具有良好的信效度和一定的可行性,可初步用于PICU患儿神经系统状况测定。
双重检伤在群发伤患者病情评估的应用

目的探讨双重检伤在群发伤患者病情评估的应用效果。方法选取某三甲医院东西两院区急诊科接诊的226例群发伤患者为研究对象,将西院区98例群发伤患者列为对照组,采用新创伤严重度评分(NISS)对患者进行病情评估并分区救治;将同期东院区128例群发伤患者列为观察组,在实施NISS评分后实施分区救治,在此基础上采用国际初级创伤评估(PTC)方法进行二次评估。结果观察组病情评估漏诊率显著低于对照组(P<0.01),患者对医护服务、就医环境、治疗效果等方面满意度显著高于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论双重检伤可降低群发伤患者病情评估的漏诊率,提高患者满意度,提高群发伤救治质量与效率。
年龄相关性黄斑变性患者视觉相关生活质量与社会支持的相关研究

目的探讨年龄相关性黄斑变性患者视觉相关生活质量及社会支持的关系,为提高患者的生活质量提供参考。方法选取年龄相关性黄斑变性患者250例,采用黄斑变性生活质量量表(MacDQoL)和领悟社会支持评定量表(PSSS)对患者进行视觉相关生活质量和社会支持状况调查。结果年龄相关性黄斑变性对患者视觉相关生活质量的影响主要体现在日常生活方面,排在前5位的分别是购物、业余爱好/休闲活动、个人私事、外出及花费时间;其社会支持得分(60.66±5.31)分;视觉相关生活质量影响得分与社会支持呈负相关性(P<0.05)。结论年龄相关性黄斑变性对患者视觉相关生活质量的影响主要体现在日常生活方面,社会支持水平可影响患者的生活质量,护理人员应重视年龄相关性黄斑变性患者的社会支持,通过提高社会支持程度,进而提高患者的视觉相关生活质量。
Generation of human haploid embryonic stem cells from parthenogenetic embryos obtained by microsurgical removal of male pronucleus

Haploid embryonic stem cells (haESCs) have been recently generated from parthenogenetic (PG) or androgenetic (AG) blastocysts of different mammals, including mouse, rat and monkey, enabling genetic screening at both cellular and organism levels. However, whether haESCs can be generated from human remains unknown. In this study, we establish protocols for the derivation of stable haESCs from human PG haploid blastocysts obtained by microsugical removal of male pronucleus from fertilized eggs. Human haESCs are pluripotent and sustain typical maternal imprinting status.
Xixiang Biota—Another Rare Scientific Window of the Cambrian Explosion

The Xixiang biota is a specially preserved micro oryctocoenose discovered in the Lower Cambrian Kuanchuanpu member of Dengying Formation at Zhangjiagou section of Xixiang County in southern Shaanxi Province. The Kuanchuanpu member is a set of neritic carbonate sedimentary formation containing phosphorus and silicon. Its lithology is mainly grey massive fine crystalline, dense massive phosphoruscontaining biolithite and flaggy microcrystallinecrystalline dolomitic limestone. It is in a conformable contact with the underlying upper dolomite member of Dengying Formation and a parallel unconformable contact with the overlying Guojiaba Formation. The fossil assemblages of the Xixiang biota could be compared with the microfossils from the Lower Cambrian Meishucun Stage, and their age is the Early Cambrian Meishucun Stage.