mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Synergistic effects of vegetation layers of maize and potato intercropping on soil erosion on sloping land in Yunnan Province,China

Intercropping,as an overyielding system,can decrease soil erosion on sloping land through the presence of dense canopy covers.However,the structure mechanism in canopy is still unclear.We conducted a two-year field experiment on runoff plots,exploring whether the interaction between vegetation layers reduce soil erosion in maize and potato intercropping systems.The maize,potato,and weed layers in the intercropping system were removed by a single layer,two layers and three layers,respectively (total of 8 treatments including all layers removed as the control).Then,throughfall,runoff and sediment were measured at the plot and row scale on a weekly basis.Based on the difference between each treatment and the control,we calculated and found a relative reduction of runoff and sediment by any combination of the two vegetation layers greater than the sum of each single layer.In 2016 and 2017,the highest relative reduction of runoff reached 15.65% and 46.73%,respectively.Sediment loss decreased by 33.96% and 42.77%,respectively.Moreover,runoff and sediment reduced by the combination of all vegetation layers (no layers removed) was also larger than the sum of that by each single layer.In 2016 and 2017,the highest relative reduction of runoff reached 7.32% and 3.48%,respectively.So,there were synergistic effects among multi-level (two or three layers) vegetation layers in terms of decreasing soil erosion on sloping land.Maize redistributes more throughfall at the maize intra-specific row and the maize and potato inter-specific,which is favorable for the synergistic effect of reducing soil erosion.This finding shows an important mechanism of maize and potato intercropping for soil and water conservation,and may promote the application of diverse cropping systems for sustainable agriculture in mountainous areas.
Optimizing the frequency ratio method for landslide susceptibility assessment:A case study of the Caiyuan Basin in the southeast mountainous area of China

Bivariate statistical analysis of data-driven approaches is widely used for landslide susceptibility assessment,and the frequency ratio (FR) method is one of the most popular.However,the results of such assessments are dominated by the number of classes and bounds of landslide-related causative factors,and the optimal assessment is unknown.This paper optimizes the frequency ratio method as an example of bivariate statistical analysis for landslide susceptibility mapping based on a case study of the Caiyuan Basin,a region with frequent landslides,which is located in the southeast coastal mountainous area of China.A landslide inventory map containing a total of 1425 landslides (polygons) was produced,in which 70% of the landslides were selected for training purposes,and the remaining were used for validation purposes.All datasets were resampled to the same 5 m×5 m/pixel resolution.The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of the susceptibility maps were obtained based on different combinations of dominating parameters,and the maximum value of the areas under the ROC curves (AUCs) as well as the corresponding optimal parameter was identified with an automatic searching algorithm.The results showed that the landslide susceptibility maps obtained using optimal parameters displayed a significant increase in the prediction AUC compared with those values obtained using stochastic parameters.The results also showed that one parameter named bin width has a dominant influence on the optimum.In practice,this paper is expected to benefit the assessment of landslide susceptibility by providing an easy-to-use tool.The proposed automatic approach provides a way to optimize the frequency ratio method or other bivariate statistical methods,which can further facilitate comparisons and choices between different methods for landslide susceptibility assessment.
Changes in cultivated land patterns and driving forces in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, China, from 1992 to 2015

Changes of cultivated land patterns caused by major water conservation projects are rarely reported.We selected the Three Gorges Reservoir area in China to study the change in area and landscape pattern of the cultivated land in the head, central, and tail areas of the reservoir that took place between 1992 and 2015;we then studied the spatial distribution of the cultivated land in the three parts of the reservoir;finally, we studied the driving forces behind the changes in the cultivated land.The results derived are as follows.(1)During the construction of the Three Gorges Project(TGP, 1992-2015), the area of cultivated land around the reservoir decreased by 30.23 million ha.This reduction occurred in phases: the most severe change in cultivated land occurred during the later stage of the project(2002-2010);only 0.62 million ha of cultivated land did not change between 1992 and 2015.(2)Spatial pattern analysis showed that the cultivated land in the three parts of the reservoir changed from a northern distribution to a southern distribution;thus, the area of cultivated land in the north decreased over the time period.The area of cultivated land in the head and tail areas decreased by varying degrees, while it increased in the central area over the 23 years, indicating that the change in cultivated land showed regional differences.(3)The TGP, the policy of reverting farmland to forest, and urbanization were the main driving factors for the change of cultivated land, but there were differences in their impacts at different stages.(4)According to the patch dynamics of the land cover change, the degree of change gradually intensified during the early and later stages of the project and then stabilized during the operational period.Our research provides scientific support for the protection of cultivated land resources and food security in the reservoir area and for the coordination of social and economic development, which is of great significance to sustainable development in the reservoir area.
Seismic risk evaluation for a planning mountain tunnel using improved analytical hierarchy process based on extension theory

Seismic risk evaluation(SRE)in early stages(e.g., project planning and preliminary design)for a mountain tunnel located in seismic areas has the same importance as that in final stages(e.g., performance-based design, structural analysis, and optimization).SRE for planning mountain tunnels bridges the gap between the planning on the macro level and the design/analysis on the micro level regarding the risk management of infrastructural systems.A transition from subjective or qualitative description to objective or quantitative quantification of seismic risk is aimed to improve the seismic behavior of the mountain tunnel and thus reduce the associated seismic risk.A new method of systematic SRE for the planning mountain tunnel was presented herein.The method employs extension theory(ET)and an ET-based improved analytical hierarchy process.Additionally, a new risk-classification criterion is proposed to classify and quantify the seismic risk for a planning mountain tunnel.This SRE method is applied to a mountain tunnel in southwest China, using the extension model based on matter element theory and dependent function operation.The reasonability and flexibility of the SRE method for application to the mountain tunnel are illustrated.According to different seismic risk levels and classification criteria, methods and measures for improving the seismic design are proposed, which can reduce the seismic risk and provide a frame of reference for elaborate seismic design.
Vegetation change as related to terrain factors at two glacier forefronts, Glacier National Park, Montana, U.S.A

Glacier recession is a globally occurring trend.Although a rich body of work has documented glacial response to climate warming, few studies have assessed vegetation cover change in recently deglaciated areas, especially using geospatial technologies.Here, vegetation change at two glacier forefronts in Glacier National Park, Montana, U.S.A.was quantified through remote sensing analysis, fieldwork validation, and statistical modeling.Specifically, we assessed the spatial and temporal patterns of landcover change at the two glacier forefronts in Glacier National Park and determined the role of selected biophysical terrain factors(elevation, slope, aspect, solar radiation, flow accumulation, topographic wetness index, and surficial geology)on vegetation change(from non-vegetated to vegetated cover)at the deglaciated areas.Landsat imagery of the study locations in 1991, 2003, and 2015 were classified and validated using visual interpretation.Model results revealed geographic differences in biophysical correlates of vegetation change between the study areas, suggesting that terrain variation is a key factor affecting spatial-temporal patterns of vegetation change.At Jackson Glacier forefront, increases in vegetation over some portion or all of the study period were negatively associated with elevation, slope angle, and consolidated bedrock.At Grinnell Glacier forefront, increases in vegetation associated negatively with elevation and positively with solar radiation.Integrated geospatial and field approaches to the study of vegetation change in recently deglaciated terrain are recommended to understand and monitor processes and patterns of ongoing habitat change in rapidly changing mountain environments.
丰产、优质冬小麦新品种一陇育10号

陇育10号是陇东学院农林科技学院2009年以宁县农技中心选育抗旱、抗寒性强的宁麦9号为母本,山西省农业科学院作物科学研究所选育的矮秆、大穗太13907中间品系材料为父本,进行有性杂交,通过系谱法选育而成的丰产、优质冬小麦新品种,2019年3月通过国家审定,审定编号为国审麦20190048。
Synthesis and Characterization of Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate Dodecahydrate-Lauric-Palmitic Acid Used for Indoor Energy Storage Floor Units

Organic and inorganic phase change materials(PCMs) are considered potential materials for thermal energy storage(TES) with different phase change characteristics. In this study, a novel organic-inorganic composite phase change material(PCM) called disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate-lauric-palmitic acid(D-LA-PACM) was prepared. Expanded graphite(EG) was selected as the support material, and the novel organic-inorganic form-stable PCM called D-LA-PAPCM/EG was prepared using the vacuum adsorption method. Differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, leakage testing, melting and solidification cycle testing, thermal conductivity testing, scanning electron microscopy observation of the micromorphology, and other characterization methods were used to study the microstructure and morphology, thermal physical parameters, thermal conductivity, stability of the PCMs, and the comprehensive material properties of D-LA-PAPCM under the composite action of EG. Results indicated that the melting and freezing temperatures and latent heats of D-LA-PAPCM/EG were measured to be 31.6℃ and 34.3℃ and 142.9 and 142.8 J/g, respectively. Although some of the lauric-palmitic acid(LA-PA) and disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate(DHPD) separated in the multiple porous structures of EG after 1000 cycles, they could still absorb and release latent heats independently, with D-LA-PAPCM/EG still exhibiting good thermal stability. The thermal conductivity of D-LA-PAPCM/EG was 1.361 W/(m·K). Therefore, the material and thermal properties of the prepared D-LA-PAPCM/EG indicate that it could be well used as a feasible material for energy-saving phase change floor units in indoor TES systems.
Dynamic Simulation of a Novel Solar Polygeneration System for Heat, Power and Fresh Water Production based on Solar Thermal Power Tower Plant

A novel solar polygeneration system for heat, power and fresh water production with absorption heat pump(AHP) and humidification-dehumidification(HDH) desalination system was proposed for high-efficiency utilization of solar energy. A case study of the proposed system was investigated based on 1 MW solar thermal power(STP) tower plant located in Beijing. Depending on mathematical modeling of the proposed system, corresponding modules were developed in TRNSYS. Meanwhile, control and operation strategies were fully studied with principal of solar energy cascade utilization. The thermodynamic performance of the proposed system was dynamically simulated at one minute intervals in a typical day. It was found that solar energy utilization level was improved with the help of solar thermal storage system and continuous heating in different operation modes met well with flexible heating loads from 93.76 kW to 169.49 kW. During AHP operation period, its Coefficient of Performance(COP) varied from 1.39 to 1.73 due to recoverable condensate heat restricted by heating demand. Meanwhile, fresh water production of HDH increased from 352.05 kg/h to 416.62 kg/h with Gained Output Ratio(GOR) increase from 2.48 to 2.67. Compared with original STP tower plant, maximum power generation efficiency was increased from 18.66% to 19.22% with power from 1169.69 kW to 1204.44 kW.
An Efficient Summer Operation Scheme for a Thermal Power Plant Air Cooling System based on Electric Peak Shaving

We proposed a novel efficient operation scheme for a thermal power plant's air-cooling system based on peak shaving, in order to cope with high ambient temperature in summer. We introduced an absorptiongeneration equipment with water/lithium working pairs into the air cooled condenser(ACC) to reconstruct the traditional thermal power plant, and established a dynamic thermodynamic model adopting Ebsilon code. We studied the thermodynamic performance variation of the reconstructed thermal power plant throughout a 24-hour cycle and found that the fluctuation ratio of the turbine back pressure decreased to 6% from 78%, which is beneficial for the stable and safe operation of the electric power system. The thermal performance improvement benefited from the exploitation of the heat transfer potential of ACC, which realized via cold duty schedule throughout the day, under different ambient temperature conditions. In this system, the generated power was higher at relatively high ambient temperature than that at relatively low ambient temperature, which solved the electricity demand-supply imbalance problem under high ambient temperature. Finally, the same optimization effects for power thermal plants with an indirect air-cooling system were obtained using the same operation scheme.
Experimental Study on Inducement and Development of Flow Instabilities in a Centrifugal Compressor with Different Diffuser Types

A centrifugal compressor is a typical compressed air energy storage device. In order to ensure the safety of the compressed energy storage process in the compressor, the internal unsteady flow phenomena need to be closely monitored, especially some serious ones like stall and surge. It is necessary to explore the mechanism of flow instabilities under different conditions. A centrifugal air compressor was tested with a vaneless diffuser and a variable vaned diffuser with five different vane setting angles, respectively. Various diffuser types resulted in various modes of flow instabilities prior to surge. The vaneless region between the impeller and the diffuser was focused on. Multiple high-speed sensors were arranged along the circumferential direction. The pressure signals at all these positions were being measured and collected in real time as the compressor was slowly throttled into surge. This paper emphasizes on the influence of matching between the impeller and the diffuser on the flow instability. The experimental results showed that the diffuser vane setting angle affected the stall characteristics. Due to the asymmetry of the volute, the circumferential pressure distribution was always severely distorted prior to surge. A high-pressure region appeared near the volute tongue, and a low-pressure region was formed away from the volute tongue. In the case of the vaned diffuser with non-design installation angle and the vaneless diffuser, the rotating stall signal was originated in the low-pressure region and propagated circumferentially. However, in the case of the vaned diffuser with the design installation angle, the circumferential high-pressure region became the most sensitive region for the generation of stall, and another form of instability occurred there. Both the inducement and development of these flow instabilities have been studied. The dynamic experimental research on the compressor matching different types of diffusers could be a good case supplement.
Co-inoculation of selected nodule endophytic rhizobacterial strains with Rhizobium tropici promotes plant growth and controls damping off in common bean

Production of common bean(Phaseolus vulgaris) is limited by the occurrence of damping off(rhizoctoniosis), which is caused by the fungus Rhizoctonia solani. However, the co-inoculation of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR) involved in biological control along with diatomic nitrogen(N2)-fixing rhizobia can enhance N nutrition and increase production. In this context, finding microorganisms with synergistic effects that perform these two roles is of fundamental importance to ensure adequate yield levels. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of co-inoculation of nodule endophytic strains of the genera Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Burkholderia, and Pseudomonas with Rhizobium tropici CIAT 899, an N2-fixing rhizobial strain, on the biocontrol of damping off and growth promotion in common bean plants. Greenhouse experiments were conducted under axenic conditions using the common bean cultivar Perola. The first experiment evaluated the potential of the 14 rhizobacterial strains, which were inoculated alone or in combination with CIAT 899, for the control of R. solani. The second experiment evaluated the ability of these 14 rhizobacterial strains to promote plant growth with three manners of N supply: co-inoculation with CIAT 899 at low mineral N supply(5.25 mg N mL~(– 1) ), low mineral N supply(5.25 mg N mL~(– 1) ), and high mineral N supply(52.5 mg N mL~(– 1) ). The use of rhizobacteria combined with rhizobia contributed in a synergistic manner to the promotion of growth and the control of damping off in the common bean. Co-inoculation of the strains UFLA 02-281/03-18(Pseudomonas sp.), UFLA 02-286(Bacillus sp.), and UFLA 04-227(Burkholderia fungorum) together with CIAT 899 effectively controlled damping off. For the common bean, mineral N supply can be replaced by the co-inoculation of CIAT 899 with plant growth-promoting strains UFLA 02-281/02-286/02-290/02-293. Nodule endophytes UFLA 02-281/02-286 are promising for co-inoculation with CIAT 899 in the common bean, promoting synergy with rhizobial inoculation and protection against disease.
Dynamic Variability in Daily Temperature Extremes and Their Relationships with Large-scale Atmospheric Circulation During 1960-2015 in Xinjiang, China

Climate changes are likely to increase the risk of numerous extreme weather events throughout the world.The objectives of this study were to investigate and analyze the temporal-spatial variability patterns of temperature extremes based on daily maximum(TX)and minimum temperature(TN)data collected from 49 meteorological stations in Xinjiang of China during 1960-2015.These temperature data were also used to assess the impacts of altitude on the temperature extremes.Additionally, possible teleconnections with the large-scale circulation pattern(the El Nino-Southern Oscillation, ENSO and Arctic Oscillation, AO)were investigated.Results showed that all percentile indices had trends consistent with warming in most parts of Xinjiang during 1960-2015, but the warming was more pronounced for indices derived from TN compared to those from TX.The minimum TN and maximum TX increased at rates of 0.16℃/10 yr and 0.59℃/10 yr, respectively during 1960-2015.Accordingly, the diurnal temperature range showed a significant decreasing trend of -0.23℃/10 yr for the whole study area.The frequency of the annual average of the warm events showed significant increasing trends while that of the cold events presented decreasing trends.Over the same period, the number of frost days showed a statistically significant decreasing trend of -3.37 d/10 yr.The number of the summer days and the growing season showed significant increasing trends at rates of 1.96 and 2.74 d/10 yr, respectively.The abrupt change year of each index was from the 1980s to the 1990s, showing that this periodic interval was a transitional phase between cold and warm climate change.Significant correlations of temperature extremes and elevation included the trends of tropical nights, growing season frequency, and cold spell duration indicator.This result also indicated the clear and complex local influence on climatic extremes.In addition, the relationship between each index of the temperature extremes with large-scale atmospheric circulation(ENSO and AO)demonstrated that the influence of ENSO on each index of the temperature extremes was greater than that of the AO in Xinjiang.
表面肌电在脑卒中后步行功能障碍分析中的应用进展

我国是脑卒中高发国家,步行障碍是脑卒中后常见的并发症。卒中后步行功能障碍会增加患者跌倒的风险,并直接影响患者的日常生活能力和社会参与度,重新获得和提高步行能力是卒中康复中的一个重要目标。
AquaSee:Predict Load and Cooling System Faults of Supercomputers Using Chilled Water Data

An analysis of real-world operational data of Tianhe-1A (TH-1A) supercomputer system shows that chilled water data not only can reflect the status of a chiller system but also are related to supercomputer load.This study proposes AquaSee,a method that can predict the load and cooling system faults of supercomputers by using chilled water pressure and temperature data.This method is validated on the basis of real-world operational data of the TH-1A supercomputer system at the National Supercomputer Center in Tianjin.Datasets with various compositions are used to construct the prediction model,which is also established using different prediction sequence lengths.Experimental results show that the method that uses a combination of pressure and temperature data performs more effectively than that only consisting of either pressure or temperature data.The best inference sequence length is two points.Furthermore,an anomaly monitoring system is set up by using chilled water data to help engineers detect chiller system anomalies.
新冠肺炎流行期-心理自助方法详解

这场突如其来的新冠肺炎,由于它的爆发性、不可预测性、甚至危及生命,因此在心理学上被认为是创伤应激性事件。这类事件发生,将破坏人的五个基本需求:安全感、信任感、控制感、自尊、亲密关系。当以上基本需求被破坏,人们常有的改变包括:(1)急性反应。当创伤应激性事件发生,每个人都会发生的急性反应包括战斗、逃跑、僵住、屈服或假死四种方式。具体表现是,有些会表现得特别愤怒,甚至出现攻击行为,有些开始逃避,有些头脑一片空白、不知所措。这种情况下,会导致认知、情绪和行为的系列变化。其中认知改变包括注意力、记忆力和思维能力下降;情绪改变包括恐惧、烦躁、愤怒、敏感、沮丧等;行为改变,包括警觉性增高、失眠,对躯体不适过度关注,滥用酒精、药物,沉浸在刷手机中,觉得一切都无所谓,不想再努力等。以上急性反应,随着危机解除,自我调节能力恢复,常常自行消失。(2)慢性反应。当创伤应激性事件持续存在,个体常常丧失自我调节机能,这个时候,除了以上认知、情绪和行为的改变将持续下去(超过数周或数月),发展成为焦虑障碍、抑郁障碍等等,还有些人还会出现创伤声音图像在脑海中反复闪现、过度警觉、回避创伤事件相关的人和事等创伤后应激障碍症状。稳定化技术是帮助人们有力量面对重大应激性事件的首要和关键的步骤。无论我们是用怎样的方式来应对创伤和应激事件,如果掌握了稳定化方法,都将极大程度减少创伤应激性事件对我们未来的影响。因此,我们接下来介绍一系列简便易行、促进稳定化的心理自助实操技术。希望每个人通过自助练习变得更有力量、更积极地打好这场"战疫"。
Feasibility study on continuous spinal analgesia in all stages of labor

To the Editor:Most researchers in China are concerned that the whole labor process of traditional continuous epidural analgesia (CEA) will hinder the maternal force in the second stage of labor.In contrast,a local anesthetic drug can be used for a relatively long time.Excessive intraspinal administration may inhibit the contraction of the uterine smooth muscle,which may lead to a longer labor stage,increased oxytocin use,and increased rates of forceps delivery,cesarean section,and neonatal asphyxia.Therefore,some obstetricians and midwives in China choose to stop epidural labor analgesia when the cervix opens to 7 to 8 cm or at complete cervical dilation.Thus,most parturients cannot enjoy ideal full-term labor analgesia.