mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Genome Engineering in Rice Using Cas9 Variants that Recognize NG PAM Sequences

CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing relies on sgRNA-target DNA base pairing and a short downstream PAM sequence to recognize target DNA. The strict protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) requirement hinders applications of the CRISPR/Cas9 system since it restricts the targetable sites in the genomes. xCas9 and SpCas9-NG are two recently engineered SpCas9 variants that can recognize more relaxed NG PAMs, implying a great potential in addressing the issue of PAM constraint. Here we use stable transgenic lines to evaluate the efficacies of xCas9 and SpCas9-NG in performing gene editing and base editing in rice. We found that xCas9 can efficiently induce mutations at target sites with NG and GAT PAM sequences in rice. However, base editors containing xCas9 failed to edit most of the tested target sites. SpCas9-NG exhibited a robust editing activity at sites with various NG PAMs without showing any preference for the third nucleotide after NG. Moreover, we showed that xCas9 and SpCas9-NG have higher specificity than SpCas9 at the CGG PAMsite. We further demonstrated that different forms of cytosine or adenine base editors containing SpCas9-NG worked efficiently in rice with broadened PAM compatibility. Taken together, our work has yielded versatile genome-engineering tools that will significantly expand the target scope in rice and other crops.
Novel transit-time oscillator (TTO) combining advantages of radial-line and axial TTO

A novel transit-time oscillator (TTO) is proposed in this paper. An axial cathode which has been widely used in high power microwave (HPM) source and an extractor with radial feature are adopted. In this way, the inherent advantages of axial and radial TTO, both of which can be utilized as high-quality intense relativistic electron beam (IREB), can be generated and the power capacity is also increased. The working mode is p/2 mode of TM_(01) based on small-signal theory, and under the same energy storage, the maximum electric field in extractor decreases 16.3%. Besides, by utilizing the natural bending of the solenoid, this TTO saves over 60% of the length required by the uniform magnetic field, and consequently reduces the energy consumed by solenoid. The PIC simulation shows that by using 1.0-T decreasing magnetic field generated by the shorter solenoid, 3.37-GW microwave at 12.43 GHz is generated with 620-kV and 13.27-kA input, and the overall conversion efficiency is 41%.
Synthesis and surface plasmon resonance of Au-ZnO Janus nanostructures

Metal-semiconductor Janus nanostructures with asymmetry and directionality have recently aroused significant interest, both in fundamental light-matter interactions mechanism and in technological applications. Here we report the synthesis of different Au-ZnO Janus nanostructures via a facile one-pot colloid method. The growth mechanism is revealed by a series of designed synthesis experiments. The light absorption properties are determined by both the decrease of dipole oscillations of the free electrons and the plasmon-induced hot-electron transfer. Moreover, the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation method is used to elucidate the electric field distributions of these Janus nanostructures.
Growth of high quality Sr_2IrO_4 epitaxial thin films on conductive substrates

Ruddlesden-Popper iridium oxides have attracted considerable interest because of the many proposed novel quantum states that arise from the large spin-orbit coupling of the heavy iridium atoms in them. A prominent example is the single layer Sr_2IrO_4, in which superconductivity has been proposed under electron doping. However, the synthesis of Sr_2IrO_4 high quality thin films has been a huge challenge due to the easy formation of impurities associated with different numbers of SrO layers. Thus techniques to optimize the growth of pure phase Sr_2IrO_4 are urgently required. Here we report the deposition of high quality Sr_2IrO_4 thin films on both insulating SrTiO_3 and conducting SrTiO_3:Nb substrates using pulsed laser deposition assisted with reflective high-energy electron diffraction. The optimal deposition temperature of Sr_2IrO_4 epitaxial films on SrTiO_3:Nb substrates is about 90 °C lower than that on SrTiO_3 substrates. The electrical transports of high quality Sr_2IrO_4 films are measured, which follow the three-dimensional Mott variable-range hopping model. The film magnetizations are measured, which show weak ferromagnetism below ~ 240 K with a saturation magnetization of ~ 0.2 mB/Ir at 5 K. This study provides applicable methods to prepare high quality 5d Sr_2IrO_4 epitaxial films, which could be extended to other Ruddlesden-Popper phases and potentially help the future study of exotic quantum phenomena in them.
First-principles insight into Li and Na ion storage in graphene oxide

The structural, electronic, and adsorption properties of Li/Na ions on graphene decorated by epoxy groups are investigated by first-principles calculations based on density functional theory. Our results show that the concentration of epoxy groups remarkably affects the structural and electronic properties of graphene. The bandgaps change monotonically from 0.16 eV to 3.35 eV when the O coverage increases from 12.5% to 50% (O/C ratio). Furthermore, the highest lithiation potential of 2.714 V is obtained for the case of graphene oxide (GO) with 37.5 % O coverage, while the highest sodiation potential is 1.503 V for GO with 12.5% O coverage. This clearly demonstrates that the concentration of epoxy groups has different effects on Li and Na storage in GO. Our results provide a new insight into enhancing the Li and Na storage by tuning the concentration of epoxy groups on GO.
Scanning tunneling microscopic investigation on morphology of magneticWeyl semimetal YbMnBi_2

YbMnBi_2 is a recently discovered time-reversal-symmetry breaking type-II Weyl semimetal. However, as a representation of the new category of topological matters, the scanning tunneling microcopy (STM) results on such important material are still absent. Here, we report the STM investigations on the morphology of vacuum cleaved single crystalline YbMnBi_2 samples. A hill and valley type of topography is observed on the YbMnBi_2 surface, which is consistent with the non-layer nature of its crystal structure. Analysis of STM images yields the information of the index of the vicinal surface. Our results here lay a playground of future atomic scale research on YbMnBi_2.
鼻咽IgG4相关性疾病合并上颌窦真菌性鼻窦炎一例

本文报道了1例鼻咽部IgG4相关性疾病合并上颌窦真菌性鼻窦炎的病例。患者主要表现为鼻塞,鼻内镜下见鼻咽顶后壁肿胀突起,表面略粗糙,鼻窦CT提示右侧鼻窦炎,免疫球蛋白IgG4 102g/L,口服糖皮质激素联合免疫抑制剂治疗2个月后行鼻内镜手术治疗,术后病理提示曲霉菌团,出院后继续药物治疗。该患者在糖皮质激素减量过程中有症状反复,且真菌性鼻窦炎具有手术指征,故用药并没有完全遵循标准,采用了个性化治疗方案。
激光切割头伺服系统的PWM差分驱动电路设计

以STM32F103RCT6高级定时器TIM1输出的2路互补PWM信号为驱动信号源,设计了将激光切割间隙转换为占空比的算法及C语言驱动程序,并设计了能将该PWM波过滤为8位精度模拟电压信号的二阶RC低通滤波器。在此基础上,采用减法器将2路互补PWM信号差分放大,得到了具有良好抗干扰能力的激光切割头伺服系统驱动信号。试验表明,该设计能很好地满足激光切割需要。
Improved method for subsystems performance trade-off in system-of-systems oriented design of UAV swarms

For the rapidly developing unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) swarm, the system-of-systems(SoS) oriented design is a prospective conceptual design methodology due to the competence for complex mission requirements and subsystems interactions. In the SoS oriented design, the subsystems performance trade-off is the basis of design decisions. In the trade-off for surveillance missions, most previous works do not consider track reporting and mainly focus on the design of platforms. An improved method for the subsystems performance trade-off in the SoS oriented UAV swarm design is proposed. Within an improved design framework with subsystems disaggregation, this method is characterized by treating platforms, sensors, and communications as equally important subsystems, integrating operational strategies into the trade-off, and enabling the trade-off for track reporting. Those advantages are achieved by a behavior-based modular model structure for agent-based operational modeling and simulation. In addition, a method of analyzing the bounds of the communication range is also presented. Simulation experiments are conducted by using precision-based simulation replication rules and surrogate modeling methods. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, and show that the configuration of area partitioning changes the trade space of subsystems performances, indicating the necessity of integrating operational strategies into the conceptual design.
Linear complexity and autocorrelation of a new class of binary generalized cyclotomic sequences of order two and length pqr

Cyclotomic sequences have good cryptographic properties and are closely related to difference sets. This paper proposes a new class of binary generalized cyclotomic sequences of order two and length pqr. Its linear complexity, minimal polynomial, and autocorrelation are investigated. The results show that these sequences have a large linear complexity when 2 ∈ D_1, which means they can resist the Berlekamp-Massey attack. Furthermore, the autocorrelation values are close to 0 with a probability of approximately 1 – 1/r. Therefore, when r is a big prime, the new sequence has a good autocorrelation.
Performance Assessment of Air-Cooled Steam Condenser with Guide Vane Cascade

Ambient wind has an unfavourable impact on air-cooled steam condenser(ACSC) performance. A new measure to improve ACSC performance is proposed by setting a diffusion type guide vane cascade beneath the ACSC platform. The numerical models are developed to illustrate the effects of diffusion type guide vane cascade on ACSC performance. The simulation results show that this vane cascade can cause the increases in coolant flows across almost all fans due to its diffusion function and lower flow resistance. Meanwhile, the guide vane cascade also decreases the fan inlet temperatures because of the uniform flow field around the condenser cells. Comparing with the case without guide device, the overall heat transfer efficiency is increased by 11.2% for guide vane cascade case under the condition of 9 m/s. The heat transfer efficiency firstly enhances and then decreases with decreasing stagger angle of guide vane under a certain wind speed. The optimum stagger angle corresponding to the maximum heat transfer efficiency is about 65.5°. The heat transfer efficiency always enhances as increasing vane cascade height, and a vane cascade with 20 m to 30 m height may be suitable to the ACSC as considering the cost.
Effects of Trenched Film Hole Configurations on the Endwall Film Cooling and Suction Side Phantom Cooling

To maximize the turbine thermal efficiency, modern gas turbine's inlet temperature is significantly augmented within the past few decades. To prolong the lifespan of gas turbines, many efficient cooling techniques have been proposed and applied in the endwall cooling schemes. However, conventional discrete film hole does not take effect at the leading edge nearby region. In this research, how the trenched film hole configurations affects the endwall cooling and phantom cooling characteristics were deeply studied by using a verified approach. Steady 3D Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) governing equations together with the shear stress transport(SST) k-ω turbulence model have been solved. Firstly, results indicate that trenched film holes greatly influence the cooling effectiveness at leading edge nearby region compared to normal case. Nevertheless, suction side phantom cooling is hardly influenced by the trenched film holes. Secondly, the case with a smaller trench width obtains higher endwall cooling effectiveness, particularly at upstream region. More importantly, the cases with W=3D achieve large cooling effectiveness at leading edge nearby region with little influence by trench depth. Additionally, majority of trenched film holes coolant flow is driven towards middle passage. Therefore, the suction side phantom cooling is unaffected by the trenched film holes.
Photoluminescence properties of Eu~(3+)-doped MgAl_2O_4 nanoparticles in various surrounding media

Eu~(3+)-doped MgAl_2O_4 nanoparticles were prepared by modified Pechini method. X-ray diffraction analysis shows pure tetragonal spinel phase without any impurities. The average size of synthesized nanoparticles was determined to be about 50e60 nm using scanning electron microscopy and static light scattering techniques. Emission and excitation spectra as well as lifetimes of MgAl_2O_4:Eu~(3+) nanophosphors were explored in surrounding media with different refractive indexes. Surrounding medium does not affect luminescence bands position, whereas 5D0 lifetime monotonically decreases along with increase of medium refractive index. Effect of surrounding media on radiative and nonradiative decay rates, which were calculated using 4f-4f intensity theory, was studied and discussed. Filling factor of prepared nanoparticles is defined using both radiative and observed lifetimes.
Hydrothermal and sulfur aging of CeTi/CeWTi catalysts for selective catalytic reduction of NO_x with NH_3

The CeO_2-TiO_2 (CeTi) and CeO_2/WO_3-TiO_2 (CeWTi) catalysts were prepared by sol-gel method. The asprepared catalysts were hydrothermally treated at 760 ℃ for 48 h in air containing 10 vol %H2O to obtain the hydrothermal aged catalysts. The sulfur aged catalysts were treated at 400 ℃ with 100 ppm SO_2, 10 %water vapor, air balance for 48 h and catalysts. The powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman results indicate that the crystallization of hydrothermal aged catalysts is more serious than sulfur aged catalysts. In addition, tungsten species can stabilize the CeTi catalyst from grain growth. According to the results of in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectra (DRIFTS), temperatureprogrammed desorption of ammonia (NH_3-TPD), H_2 temperature-programmed reduction (H_2-TPR) and ammonia oxidation, the aging process leads to loss of surface area, redox properties, surface acidities and surface ceria concentration, especially for the hydrothermal aging. The NH_3-NO/NO_2 SCR performances of sulfur aged catalysts are better than that of hydrothermal aged catalysts. Compared with CeTi catalyst, the addition of tungsten inhibits the crystallization of catalyst. So that more acid sites and active sites are retained. This is also the reason why tungsten addition improves the NH_3-NO/NO_2 SCR performance of CeTi catalyst.
Cu-DNAzyme facilitates highly sensitive immunoassay

Fast and sensitive antigen detection is important in biomedical research and development. Despite, being invented 48 years ago, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) remains one of the most successful and widely employed bioanalytical techniques in research and clinical diagnostics due to its reliability and simplistic design. Recently, nanotechnology has offered efficient signal reporting. In spite of some improvements in these systems, there are typically increased material costs involved and the need for expensive equipment or complicated chemical processes, thus negating any possible benefits over ELISA. Herein, we communicate a simple Cu-DNAzyme system for signal transduction of a CuO nanoparticle-labeled immunoassay. The reported immunoassay amplifies signal generation similar to traditional ELISA and is fast, simple, cost-effective, and sensitive, holding promise for biomedical applications and point-of-care testing.
Target-triggered inhibiting oxidase-mimicking activity of platinum nanoparticles for ultrasensitive colorimetric detection of silver ion

The development of efficient methods for the detection of hazardous and toxic elements is extremely important for environmental security and public health. In this work, we developed a facile colorimetric assaying system for Ag~+ detection in aqueous solution. Chitosan-stabilized platinum nanoparticles (Ch-PtNPs) were synthesized and severed as an artificial oxidase to catalyze the oxidation of the substrate 3,30,5,50-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) and generate color signal. In the presence of Ag~+, due to the strong metallophilic interactions between Ag~+ and Pt~(2+) on the surface of Ch-PtNPs, Ag~+ can weaken the affinity to the substrates and inactivate the catalytic activity of Ch-PtNPs, leading to decreased absorbance signal to varying degrees depending on Ag~+ amount. Combing the specific binding between Ch-PtNPs and Ag~+ with signal amplification procedure based on the Ch-PtNPs-catalyzed TMB oxidation, a sensitive, selective, simple, cost-effective, and rapid detection method for Ag~+ can be realized. Ag~+ ions in tap and lake waters have been successfully detected. We ensured that the proposed method can be a potential alternative for Ag~+ determination in environmental samples.
Recent advances in autofluorescence-free biosensing and bioimaging based on persistent luminescence nanoparticles

Persistent luminescence nanoparticles (PLNPs) are a series of emerging luminescent nanomaterials which can emit persistently after ceasing the external excitation. Due to the long decay time of persistent luminescence, the background autofluorescence in complex sample and tissues can be effectively eliminated, thus significantly improving the sensitivity of bioanalysis. Besides, such a long decay time of luminescence also makes PLNPs valuable for long-term bioimaging. Benefiting from these merits, PLNPs have been widely used for biomedical applications, especially biosensing and bioimaging. In this review, we conclude the progress in the application of PLNPs at biosensing and bioimaging in recent years, and also provide our understanding of the prospects.
多波束水柱数据中气泡羽状流探测方法与研究

天然气水合物具有海底分布广、储量丰富、清洁高效等特点,具有极高的资源价值,一直是长期研究的热点。开发和利用天然气水合物首先需解决探测问题。气泡羽状流是天然气水合物泄漏在海水中形成的气柱,可表征和发现天然气水合物的存在;新一代多波束具有记录水柱数据的能力,可获取换能器到海底间的声学信息,获得具有气泡羽状流的多波束水柱图像。目前的气泡羽状流探测主要基于简单阈值法+人工目视方法,存在人为干扰因素大,费时费力等不足,故本文开展基于多波束水柱数据的气泡羽状流探测方法研究,以期为我国天然气水合物提供一种自动探测方法。论文的主要内容如下。
HCO自由基光解反应中的动态干涉

类似光学“杨氏双缝干涉”,微观粒子因其量子特性可表现出波动性,继而发生物质波干涉。当粒子有多条路径通往同一终点时,不同路径之间的相位差可能会造成干涉1。然而物质波干涉在化学反应中十分罕见,这是由于反应物多个量子态的平均效应而难以观测2。近年来,得益于实验技术和理论计算方法的发展,化学家们已经揭示了一些化学反应中存在量子干涉的实例3–5。例如杨学明等人完成的关于水分子B%态光解的研究3。水分子B%态光解中存在两条解离路径,一条是HOH线性构型的锥形交叉点,另一条通过HHO线性构型的锥形交叉点。两条不同路径的干涉使得产物转动态存在奇偶交替的振荡,类似于“杨氏双缝干涉”,因而称为“Chemical Double Slit(化学双缝)”。
弹指六年,终迎凤归巢

正常人体每升血液中有10~(12)数量级的红细胞为人体运输氧气和营养物质等,10~9数量级的白细胞负责发挥免疫功能,10~9数量级的血小板参与凝血功能。这些数目相当庞大的血细胞均来源于造血干细胞。在哺乳动物中,造血干细胞最早诞生于胚胎期的主动脉-性腺-中肾区域(aorta-gonadmesonephros, AGM),诞生后首先归巢到胎肝进行大量的扩增,最终定植到骨髓维持成体终生造血。在整个造血发育过程中,造血干细胞向造血组织成功归巢是机体造血系统成功建立的关键因素之一。同时,造血干细胞移植是目前临床治疗血液、免疫、肿瘤重大疾病的重要治疗手段。移植的造血干细胞只有成功归巢到受体的骨髓中,才能开启下游分化,重建病人造血系统。
内源性含硫气体信号分子在视网膜疾病发病中的研究进展

近年来,含硫气体信号分子硫化氢(H_2S)和二氧化硫(SO_2)与视网膜相关疾病发病机制的研究取得了重要进展。越来越多的研究证据显示,含硫气体信号分子在许多视网膜疾病的发生及发展中发挥重要作用.研究发现,哺乳动物视网膜中存在内源性H_2S及SO_2生成体系。内源性H_2S对视网膜的生理学及病理生理学调节作用,参与视网膜退行性疾病以及视网膜血管相关疾病的发病。内源性SO_2参与氧化应激诱导小鼠视网膜光感受器细胞的凋亡。针对该领域的研究将进一步深化人们对视网膜疾病发病机制的理解,并为该类疾病的干预提供潜在的新靶点。
A new species of Cymbasoma Thompson,1888 (Copepoda:Monstrilloida) from the Fujian coast,China

A new monstrilloid copepod species,Cymbasoma cheni sp.nov.,from Meizhou Bay (an embayment in Fujian Province,southeastern China) is described and illustrated.The diagnostic character of the new species is the structure and armature of the fifth leg,which is represented by a single lobe armed with three naked setae subequal in length.The new species closely resembles Cymbasoma bowmani Suarez- Morales and Gasca,1998 in the structure of the fifth legs,and the body proportions,including total body length,and relative lengths of the cephalothorax and the genital double somite.However,Cymbasoma cheni sp.nov.is distinguished by lack of cuticular ornamentation on the cephalothorax,the position of the oral papilla,and the structure of the fifth leg with three naked setae.Although the structure of the fifth legs is similar in Cymbasoma cheni sp.nov.and Cymbasoma quintanarooense (Suarez-Morales,1994),the new species can be easily distinguished from Cymbasoma quintanarooense by the relative length of the antennule,differences in the genital double-somite and the ovigerous spines,and the shape of ocelli.This is the sixth record of this genus from China seas.
Selective feeding of bay scallop Argopecten irradians on phytoplankton community revealed by HPLC analysis of phytopigments in Bohai Sea,China

Understanding the feeding selectivity on phytoplankton by shellfish is currently a big challenge.In order to investigate the feeding behavior of bay scallop (Argopecten irradians) on phytoplankton,we compared its compositions of phytopigments in digestive glands with those in the surrounding seawater,and conducted five consecutive investigations between July and November 2016 in a bay scallop culture area along coast of Qinghuangdao City,northwest of the Bohai Sea,China.Phytopigments in four-size fractionated phytoplankton of seawater (micro- (20–200 μm);nano(L)-[10–20 μm];nano(S)-[2.7–10 μm],and pico-[<2.7 μm]) and digestive glands of A.irradians were examined to investigate the selective feeding of A.irradians.Results show that fucoxanthin and peridinin constituted the major part of taxonomically diagnostic carotenoids (TDCs) in the micro- and nano(L)-phytoplankton in seawater.Compared with total phytoplankton biomass of seawater (TPB,sum of the four sizes),a substantial decrease of fucoxanthin proportion to total DCs in digestive glands was observed while that of peridinin,19′-butanoyloxyfucoxanthin,alloxanthin and 19′-hexanoyloxy-fucoxanthin showed an obvious increase when those pigments were mainly confined to micro-sized phytoplankton (20–200 μm).However,zeaxanthin and prasinoxanthin were mainly confined to nano(s)- and pico-phytoplankton,of which the proportions in digestive glands were usually lower in TPB.The contribution of lutein to total DCs in digestive glands (with an average of 7.23%) increased compared with TPB of seawater (with an average of 0.63%) during all five sampling times.
Trends of sea surface wind energy over the South China Sea

Studies on climate change typically consider temperature and precipitation over extended periods but less so the wind.We used the Cross-Calibrated Multi-Platform (CCMP) 24-year wind field data set to investigate the trends of wind energy over the South China Sea during 1988–2011.The results reveal a clear trend of increase in wind power density for each of three base statistics (i.e.,mean,90~(th) percentile and 99~(th) percentile) in all seasons and for annual means.The trends of wind power density showed obvious temporal and spatial variations.The magnitude of the trends was greatest in winter,intermediate in spring,and smallest in summer and autumn.A greater trend of increase was found in the northern areas of the South China Sea than in southern parts.The magnitude of the annual and seasonal trends over the South China Sea was larger in extreme high events (i.e.,90~(th) and 99~(th) percentiles) compared to the mean conditions.Sea surface temperature showed a negative correlation with the variability of wind power density over the majority of the South China Sea in all seasons and annual means,except for winter (41.7%).
Choice of suitable regional and residual gravity maps, the case of the South-West Cameroon zone

The quantitative interpretation of gravity anomalies due to shallow structures needs separation between long wavelength anomalies (regional anomalies) and short wavelength anomalies (residual anomalies). The regional-residual field separation can be carried out using the polynomial method. In this case, the so-called regional field of order n is treated as a polynomial of degree n. The present study shows that the degree n must vary between a smallest value n_(min) and a maximum value n_(max). This article presents a method to process gravity data that allows determination of n_(min) and n_(max) for a given study area. We apply the method to gravity data of the South-West Cameroon zone. In this chosen study area, we find that regional anomaly maps of orders ranging from 1 to 9 and residual anomaly maps of orders ranging from 1 to 8 can be used for suitable interpretation. The analyses show that one may need residual anomaly maps of several orders to perform satisfactory quantitative interpretation of the different intrusive bodies found in a given area.