mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定钛砂中的钛、硅、铁、镁、钙

钛砂俗称黑刚玉,主要分布在沿海地区,矿砂颗粒均匀、耐火度高、热膨胀系数小,热化学稳定性好,是锻造行业中广泛采用的特种砂,也是研磨工业上理想的研磨材料。钛砂主要成分为三氧化二铝、氧化钛、二氧化硅、氧化亚铁、氧化钙以及氧化镁等,组成复杂,钛砂难消解并且几乎不溶于所有的酸,从而给定量分析带来了较大的困难。分析钛砂一般采用比色法或EDTA容量法,这些方法测试周期长,步骤繁琐,并且只能分析部分元素。电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)具有线性动态范围宽、分析速度快、灵敏度高、检出限低、可同时进行多元素测定等特点,已被广泛用于各领域不同类型样品的分析测试,但对用于钛砂中杂质元素分析的报道较少。
Synthesis of magnetic carrier sub-microparticles with high stability through carbon reduction and solation coating methods

This paper presents a novel approach in synthesizing SiO_2–Fe_3O_4 magnetic carrier with high stability. The Fe_3O_4 magnetic powders were synthesized via onestep method named carbon reduction method. The advantages of the methods are of simple process, none lead-in pollution agent, low cost and adaptation to large-lot production. The stability of the magnetic powders is improved through modifying the Fe_3O_4 with SiO_2 in solation method. The results of the characterizations show that the superparamagnetic SiO_2–Fe_3O_4 sub-microparticles (*600 nm) with saturation intensity of 36.4 mA·m~2·g~(-1) are obtained successfully. Moreover, the quantitating, repeatability and high stability of the carbon reduction method are demonstrated as well.
Phase composition, morphology and element contents of micro-arc oxidation ceramic coatings on Ti–6Al–4V alloy under different calcination conditions

Compound ceramic coatings with the main crystalline of Al2TiO5 (in the as-prepared coating without treatment) were prepared in situ on the surface Ti–6Al–4V alloy by means of pulsed bipolar micro-arc oxidation in NaAlO2 solution. For the purpose of studying the antioxidation properties of the samples, the coated samples treated in argon and the as-coated samples were calcined in air at 1000 ℃. And the related characteristics were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, respectively. The results show that, when it was calcined in air for 1 h, Al_2TiO_5 in the as-prepared coating decomposed and transformed into a-Al_2O_3 and rutile TiO_2. However, after almost 4 h in argon, Al_2TiO_5 in the asprepared coating decomposed and the final coating surface contents are completely a-Al_2O_3, and those of the middle interface are mainly Al_2O_3 and Ti_2O_3. The morphologies of the coatings after calcination in argon and air are different. High-temperature oxidation occurred violently in the alloy substrate without coatings. Furthermore, the weight gain curves of the as-prepared samples and the coated samples treated in argon both show a parabolic shape.
寻常型天疱疮诊断和治疗的专家建议

寻常型天疱疮(pemphigus vulgaris,PV)是天疱疮中最常见类型,其主要特点是血清中产生针对表皮细胞间桥粒的自身抗体,临床表现为松弛性水疱、大疱,伴有顽固性、痛性黏膜糜烂和溃疡,组织病理出现特征性棘层松解现象。PV治疗的主要目的是控制病情,促使皮损和黏膜尽快愈合,减少治疗的不良反应和提高患者的生活质量,力争长期缓解,直至痊愈。治疗的挑战在于长期稳定控制病情、减少复发、避免长期应用糖皮质激素(简称激素)和免疫抑制剂的不良反应,减少激素用量。由于该病较少见,大样本随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的前瞻性研究较少。欧洲和日本已经形成了自己的治疗共识,但目前我国尚无类似共识形成。本文在综合不同国家和地区共识性文献的基础上,结合中国国情,经国内不同地区的专家反复讨论修订,形成了PV的诊断和治疗指导性意见和建议。
移植肾输尿管近端部分横断伤处理一例

本例提示,移植肾输尿管近端部分横断伤后,单侧伴行血管尚可以滋养整条输尿管存活。供肾修整过程中应将损伤部位行端端吻合修补,术后留置输尿管支架不少于6个月以防止尿漏发生。该病例为移植外科医生在移植肾输尿管近端部分横断伤后保留损伤点远侧输尿管提供了依据。
Role of Cervical Cerclage and Vaginal Progesterone in the Treatment of Cervical Incompetence with/without Preterm Birth History

Background: Preterm birth (PTB) is the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide, and its prevention is an important health-care priority. The cervical incompetence is a well-known risk factor for PTB and its incidence is about 0.1-2.0%, while there is no ideal optimum treatment recommended currently. The cervical incompetence causes about 15% of habitual abortion in 16-28 weeks. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of cervical cerclage and vaginal progesterone in the treatment of cervical incompetence with/without PTB history. Methods: We retrospectively observed the pregnancy outcome of 198 patients diagnosed with cervical incompetence from January 2010 to October 2015 in Beijing Hospital. Among the 198 women involved, women who had at least one PTB before 32 weeks (including abortion in the second trimester attributed to the cervical competence) were assigned to the PTB history cohort, and others were assigned to the non-PTB history cohort. All women underwent cerclage placement (cervical cerclage group) or administrated with vaginal progesterone (vaginal progesterone group) until delivery. The outcomes of interest were the differences in gestational age at delivery, the rate of premature delivery, neonatal outcome, complications, and route of delivery between the two treatment groups. Results: Among the 198 patients with cervical incompetence, 116 patients in PTB history cohort and 80 patients in non-PTB history cohort were included in the final analysis. In the PTB history cohort, cervical cerclage group had significantly longer cervical length at 2 weeks after the start of treatment (23.1 ± 4.6 mm vs. 12.4 ± 9.1 mm, P= 0.002), higher proportion of delivery >37 weeks' gestation (63.4% vs. 33.3%, P = 0.008), bigger median birth weight (2860 g vs. 2250 g, P = 0.031), and lower proportion of neonates whose 1-min Apgar score <7 (5.9% vs. 33.3%, P= 0.005), compared with vaginal progesterone group. No significant differences were found in other outcome measures between the two treatment groups. In the non-PTB history cohort, there were no significant differences in the maternal outcomes between cervical cerclage and vaginal progesterone groups, such as median gestational age at delivery (37.4 weeks vs. 37.3 weeks, P = 0.346) and proportion of delivery >37 weeks' gestation (55.9% vs. 60.9%, P = 0.569). There were also no significant differences in the neonatal outcomes between the cervical cerclage and vaginal progesterone groups including the median birth weight (2750 g vs. 2810 g, P = 0.145), perinatal mortality (5.9% vs. 6.5%, P = 0.908), and 1-min Apgar scores (8.8% vs. 8.7%, P = 0.984). Conclusions: Cervical cerclage showed more benefits in the maternal and neonatal outcomes than vaginal progesterone therapy for women with an asymptomatic short cervix and prior PTB history, while cervical cerclage and vaginal progesterone therapies showed similar effectiveness for women with an asymptomatic short cervix but without a history of PTB.
心房颤动导管消融术后颈背部和胸腔出血一例

本病例的临床经验教训是,对患者术前右肩胛下部肌层深处疑似血肿未进行追踪观察和积极处理,而是急于手术,从而发生严重并发症,故对于房颤导管消融患者,如术前有不适主诉,尤其是患者在使用大量抗凝药物期间,应尽可能明确病因后再行消融治疗,即要早期重视患者主诉,做到早期发现、早期诊断并予以积极处理,从而阻止病情进一步发展。
Boron-Doped Diamond-Film-Based Two-Dimensional Electrode of Electrophoresis Tank

Chemically robust conductive p-type boron-doped diamond (BDD) films are an important electrode material and have been widely applied in electrochemistry. In this study, BDD films are taken as a two-dimensional (2D) electrode in a electrophoresis tank system instead of the conventional one-dimensional platinum wire electrode. The theoretical simulations by finite element numerical analysis reveal that the 2D BDD electrodes have relatively high intensity and uniformity of electric field in the tank. Experimentally, the 2D BDD electrodes with smaller size show excellent properties for the separation of DNA fragments. The advantages of the 2D BDD electrodes with chemical inertness, sustainability, high intensity and uniformity electronic field, as well as reduced small size of electrophoresis tank would open a possibility for realizing new generation, high-performance biological devices.
Imaging Ultrafast Plasmon Dynamics within a Complex Dolmen Nanostructure Using Photoemission Electron Microscopy

We report direct nanoscale imaging of ultrafast plasmon in a gold dolmen nanostructure excited with the 7fs laser pulses by combining the interferometric time-resolved technology with the three-photon photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM). The interferometric time-resolved traces show that the plasmon mode beating pattern appears at the ends of the dimer slabs in the dolmen nanostructure as a result of coherent superposition of multiple localized surface plasmon modes induced by broad bandwidth of the ultrafast laser pulses. The PEEM measurement further discloses that in-phase of the oscillation field of two neighbor defects are surprisingly observed, which is attributed to the plasmon coupling between them. Furthermore, the control of the temporal delay between the pump and probe laser pluses could be utilized for manipulation of the near-field distribution. These findings deepen our understanding of ultrafast plasmon dynamics in a complex nanosystem.
Manipulating Backward Propagation of Acoustic Waves by a Periodical Structure

In the backward propagation of acoustic waves, the direction of phase velocity is anti-parallel to that of group velocity. We propose a scheme to manipulate the backward propagation using a periodical structure. The dynamic backward propagation process is further experimentally observed. It is demonstrated that the oblique incident plane wave moves backward when it travels through the periodical structure and the backward shift can be controlled within a certain range.
Performance analysis of new word weighting procedures for opinion mining

The proliferation of forums and blogs leads to challenges and opportunities for processing large amounts of information. The information shared on various topics often contains opinionated words which are qualitative in nature. These qualitative words need statistical computations to convert them into useful quantitative data. This data should be processed properly since it expresses opinions. Each of these opinion bearing words differs based on the significant meaning it conveys. To process the linguistic meaning of words into data and to enhance opinion mining analysis, we propose a novel weighting scheme, referred to as inferred word weighting (IWW). IWW is computed based on the significance of the word in the document (SWD) and the significance of the word in the expression (SWE) to enhance their performance. The proposed weighting methods give an analytic view and provide appropriate weights to the words compared to existing methods. In addition to the new weighting methods, another type of checking is done on the performance of text classification by including stop-words. Generally, stop-words are removed in text processing. When this new concept of including stop-words is applied to the proposed and existing weighting methods, two facts are observed: (1) Classification performance is enhanced; (2) The outcome difference between inclusion and exclusion of stop-words is smaller in the proposed methods, and larger in existing methods. The inferences provided by these observations are discussed. Experimental results of the benchmark data sets show the potential enhancement in terms of classification accuracy.
Adipose-derived stem cells enhance myogenic differentiation in the mdx mouse model of muscular dystrophy via paracrine signaling

Adipose-derived stem cells have been shown to promote peripheral nerve regeneration through the paracrine secretion of neurotrophic factors. However, it is unclear whether these cells can promote myogenic differentiation in muscular dystrophy. Adipose-derived stem cells (6 × 106) were injected into the gastrocnemius muscle of mdx mice at various sites. Dystrophin expression was found in the muscle fibers. Phosphorylation levels of Akt, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), eIF-4E binding protein 1 and S6 kinase 1 were increased, and the Akt/mTOR pathway was activated. Simultaneously, myogenin levels were increased, whereas cleaved caspase 3 and vimentin levels were decreased. Necrosis and fibrosis were reduced in the muscle fibers. These findings suggest that adipose-derived stem cells promote the regeneration and survival of muscle cells by inhibiting apoptosis and fibrosis, thereby alleviating muscle damage in muscular dystrophy.
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition reveals a potential mechanism to promote neuroprotection and treat neuropathic pain

Neuropathic pain is triggered by the lesions to peripheral nerves which alter their structure and function. Neuroprotective approaches that limit the pathological changes and improve the behavioral outcome have been well explained in different experimental models of neuropathy but translation of such strategies to clinics has been disappointing. Experimental evidences revealed the role of free radicals, especially peroxynitrite after the nerve injury. They provoke oxidative DNA damage and consequent over-activation of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) upregulates pro-inflammatory pathways, causing bioenergetic crisis and neuronal death. Along with these changes, it causes mitochondrial dysfunction leading to neuronal apoptosis. In related preclinical studies agents that neutralize the free radicals and pharmacological inhibitors of PARP have shown benefits in treating experimental neuropathy. This article reviews the involvement of PARP over-activation in trauma induced neuropathy and therapeutic significance of PARP inhibitors in the experimental neuropathy and neuropathic pain.
低龄儿童的听力学评估

随着新生儿听力筛查和儿童听力保健各项技术规范的颁布,使得临床听力学评估的年龄越来越小[4,5]。然而由于儿童处于生长发育阶段,每个年龄段其行为、认知、听力及语言发育均有不同特点,低龄儿童听力学评估具有一定的挑战性,因此,如何根据儿童的生长发育和患病特点,对可疑听力损失的低龄儿童进行规范化听力学评估,将从以下几个层面进行阐述。
高频超声在类风湿性关节炎中的应用

类风湿性关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)是一种慢性、进行性、炎症性及全身性的自身免疫性疾病,是导致人们丧失劳动力的一种常见的关节病变,其发病率约为世界人口的1%。RA诊断主要依靠临床表现、实验室检查及放射影像诊断。1987年美国风湿病学会(American College of Rheumatology,ACR)出台的RA诊断标准包括:> 6周的晨僵、对称的小关节肿胀、放射影像学改变、皮下类风湿结节及类风湿因子阳性,诊断标准达4项以上,即可诊断为RA。上述诊断标准中,所需病程较长,且强调典型临床表现,血清学指标仅限于类风湿因子(rheumatoid factor,RF),X线检查对RA早期的诊断缺乏敏感性,整体上对于RA的早期诊断存在一定不足。2010年ACR联合欧洲抗风湿病联盟(the European League Against Rheumatism,EULAR)提出RA的新诊断标准中,对RA患者的临床表现、实验室检查及受累关节数采取评分制,当其总评分≥ 6分,即可诊断为RA。一项针对以上2种诊断标准对比分析的报道指出,2010年ACR/EULAR的诊断标准可更早发现RA患者关节炎的存在,对其早期确诊、早期治疗及指导治疗方面有指导意义。
Contaminations of Heavy Metals in Surface Soils of Various Lands and Their Health Risks in Tianjin Qilihai Ancient LagoonWetlands, China

A total of 36 surface soil profiles were set at the wetlands in Qilihai Ancient Lagoon Wetlands, Tianjin, the surface soils of 0-20 cm depth were sampled at various use types of lands to provide information on the concentrations of heavy metals in the coastal wetlands. Total concentrations of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), chromium(Cr) and zinc (Zn) were determined using inductively coupled plasma atomic absorption spectrometry(ICP-AES) to address the pollution levels in the sampling sites. The results showed that the concentrations of Cd, Cu in the soils disturbed by human activities intensively, the Phragmites australis marshes, the farmland, the brushes decreased in turn; among the sites, the concentrations of As, Cd and Cu were the highest in the soil of build-up areas, while the concentrations of Pb and Zn were the higher in the soil of farmland. The mean concentrations of Cu, Cr, Cd, Pb, Zn and As in the soils of 0-20 cm depth were 38.74 mg/kg, 83.52 mg/kg, 0.19 mg/kg, 34.27 mg/kg, 121.7 mg/kg and 18.77 mg/kg, respectively. The contamination indices of As were on the high pollution level in the soils of farmland and disturbed by human activities intensively; the concentrations of Cd in the soils of the marshes and farmland were at the moderate pollution level, while that in the soil disturbed by human activities intensively was at high pollution level. The values of comprehensive contamination index demonstrated that the variation of As contents was the maximum in the soils, Cd pollution reached to a high level. Geoaccumulation index showed that As pollution was at moderate level, and Cd, Cu and Zn pollution were at slight level, and the Pb and Cr pollution wasn't found in the build-up areas.
子宫内膜异位症恶变的研究进展

子宫内膜异位症(endometriosis,EM)是常见的妇科良性疾病,但其具有如侵袭生长、远处转移和易复发等恶性生物学行为。众多研究从遗传、分子、发生率等多层面验证了EM和与Ⅰ型卵巢癌密切相关。除了年龄、病程、月经和生育情况等因素,EM的恶变还与炎症和基因突变相关。恶变的患者具有年轻、诊断期别早、铂类敏感性和手术满意率较高、生存预后较好的特点。本文从流行病学、组织病理、非典型EM和临床诊治方面进行一综述,旨在提高临床医生对EM恶变的认识和重视程度,为EM恶变的临床诊治提供参考。
从三焦论述慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期分组中医药干预探讨

根据2013GOLD指南综合性评估分类,慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期分为A、B、C、D四个分组,不同分组其气道炎症状态有所不同。文章中三焦辨证主要以三焦的气化、行水、行血等功能为基础,同时结合部位三焦为依据而形成的一种辨证方法。通过三焦辨证分析了慢阻肺缓解期ABCD不同分组的中医病机特点,以阐述慢阻肺气道炎症状态与三焦病机特点关系,为开展慢阻肺分组治疗提供新的辨证思路。
不同提取方法对白芷中香豆素成分欧前胡素、异欧前胡素的影响及镇痛作用的比较研究

目的比较不同提取方法对白芷中香豆素成分欧前胡素、异欧前胡素及镇痛作用的影响。方法将白芷药材分别用不同方法提取;以欧前胡素、异欧前胡素的含量以及镇痛作用效果为综合指标,综合比较研究。结果对白芷中香豆素成分欧前胡素、异欧前胡素及镇痛作用产生影响的顺序依次为:乙酸乙酯提取>70%乙醇回流提取>95%乙醇回流提取>80%乙醇渗漉法提取>80%乙醇超声提取。结论5种提取工艺对白芷中香豆素成分欧前胡素、异欧前胡素及镇痛作用产生的影响是不同的,其中以乙酸乙酯提取对欧前胡素、异欧前胡素及镇痛作用的影响最大。
仰卧前屈拔伸法治疗伴无症状脊髓压迫的神经根型颈椎病的疗效评估

目的探讨仰卧前屈拔伸法治疗伴无症状脊髓压迫的神经根型颈椎病的疗效评估。方法符合诊断标准的患者经颈椎MRI筛查后,将脊髓受压的患者纳入压迫组,其余纳入非压迫组,全部患者在医务人员指导后,在家中进行2周系统的颈椎牵引及个性化颈椎枕治疗,分别于治疗前、治疗后3天、1周、2周、2月随访,通过VAS评分、症状体征积分、JOA20分及JOA17分评价临床疗效。结果非压迫组和压迫组分别随访了80和16例患者。与治疗前相比,在各时间点上非压迫组的VAS评分和症状体征积分降低、JOA20分和JOA17分升高均有明显改善(P < 0.05), 压迫组除治疗后3天JOA20分和JOA17分与治疗前没有统计学差别外(P >0.05), 其他各时间点的评分均与治疗前均有升高,VAS评分和症状体征积分均有下降(P < 0.05) 。非压迫组与压迫组之间各时间点各评分之间没有统计学差异(P >0.05) 。结论伴颈椎退变性脊髓压迫的神经根型颈椎病患者症状与普通患者相似,MRI明确脊髓受压情况后,通过社区系统牵引和睡姿调整治疗可获得良好疗效。
T淋巴细胞在新月体肾小球肾炎发病中作用的研究进展

新月体肾小球肾炎是肾脏急进性恶化的病理学表现,常在数周至数月内发展为少尿、无尿等肾功能衰竭症状。其发病基础是由免疫细胞参与介导的肾脏损伤。T淋巴细胞在肾小球肾炎的发生发展中的作用一直备受关注,不仅可作为辅助细胞发挥作用,也可在肾内作为效应细胞通过产生炎性因子等发挥效应。T淋巴细胞包括多种细胞亚群,如Th1细胞、Th2细胞、 Th17细胞、调节性T细胞、γδ T细胞和自然杀伤T细胞等,分别以不同的方式介导免疫应答。目前,新月体肾小球肾炎的研究成果主要来自实验动物模型,本文就T淋巴细胞在实验性新月体肾炎动物模型中取得的研究成果进行综述。
耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌细胞膜20肽重组蛋白SA0587的表达和鉴定

目的原核质粒表达耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)细胞膜20肽重组蛋白SA0587。方法构建pET28a- SA0587-GFP重组质粒,将其转化至大肠埃希菌BL21(DE3)中;挑取单菌落培养活化后诱导表达目的蛋白SA0587; SDS-PAGE及Western blot法鉴定SA0587蛋白。结果利用基因工程技术成功构建重组质粒pET28a-SA0587-GFP,转染大肠杆菌后,成功表达出目的蛋白SA0587。结论成功在大肠杆菌表达MRSA细胞膜20肽重组蛋白SA0587。
系统性红斑狼疮患者血清25羟基维生素D_3水平与γ 干扰素及白细胞介素6水平呈负相关

系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus, SLE)患者机体淋巴细胞功能失调,产生多种自身抗体,发病机制复杂。维生素D属于类固醇激素,在血中主要形式是25羟基维生素D_3[25(OH)VD_3],在肾脏1α羟化酶作用下生成活性形式1,25二羟基维生素D_3[1,25(OH)_2VD_3],1,25(OH)_2VD_3可通过淋巴细胞影响机体免疫系统。由于25(OH)VD_3含量在血液中相对较高,半衰期也较长,临床上一般检测血清25(OH)VD_3来了解机体维生素D水平。细胞因子γ干扰素(interferon γ,IFN-γ)和IL-6在机体免疫应答和炎症反应中起重要作用。 SLE患者血清中25(OH)VD_3与IFN-γ、IL-6的关系尚不清楚。本研究通过分析SLE患者血清25(OH)VD_3水平变化及其与IFN-γ、IL-6的关系,探讨它们在SLE发生发展中的作用。
CD4~+ TNFR2~+ 调节性T细胞在免疫相关疾病中作用机制的研究进展

调节性T细胞(Treg)是一种具有免疫抑制功能的效应性T淋巴细胞,在维持机体的免疫自稳中发挥重要作用。肿瘤坏死因子受体2(TNFR~2)主要表达于淋巴细胞并参与调节淋巴细胞的分化和存活。TNFR~2可以稳定CD4~+ CD25~+ Treg的数量及其抑制功能。作为人和小鼠体内抑制功能最强的Treg,CD4和肿瘤坏死因子受体双阳性(CD4~+ TNFR~2+) Treg参与多种疾病如肿瘤、移植排斥、结肠炎、关节炎、寄生虫感染等的免疫反应过程。CD4~+ TNFR~2+ Treg在各种免疫相关疾病中的作用及其机制已成为新的研究热点。
依达拉奉联合高压氧降低脑梗死大鼠脑组织环氧合酶2及β 淀粉样肽的表达

目的探讨依达拉奉联合高压氧对脑梗死(MCAQ)模型大鼠脑组织环氧合酶2(COX-2)及β淀粉样肽(Aβ)表达的影响。方法成年健康SD大鼠60只,建立MCAQ模型。随机分为4组,每组15只。脑梗死组(尾静脉注射0.1 mol/L PBS)、依达拉奉组(静脉滴注依达拉奉30 mg,bid)、高压氧组(0.22 MPa,80 min高压氧治疗,qd)、联合组(依达拉奉治疗同时,联合高压氧治疗),共处理21 d。治疗前及治疗后对各组大鼠进行神经功能学评分,观察各组疗效;应用反转录PCR、Western blot法检测脑梗死模型大鼠脑组织内COX-2、Aβ的mRNA及蛋白水平;免疫组织化学染色观察脑组织胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)的表达;原位末端转移酶标记技术(TUNEL)测定细胞凋亡的情况。结果依达拉奉组、高压氧组大鼠的神经功能缺损评分明显低于对照组,联合组明显低于依达拉奉组及高压氧组;依达拉奉组、高压氧组COX-2、Aβ的mRNA及蛋白水平明显低于脑梗死组,联合组明显低于依达拉奉组及高压氧组;依达拉奉组、高压氧组GFAP阳性细胞数目明显少于脑梗死组,联合组阳性细胞数又明显少于依达拉奉组及高压氧组;联合组的凋亡细胞数明显少于依达拉奉组、高压氧组及脑梗死组。结论依达拉奉联合高压氧能降低脑梗死大鼠脑组织中COX-2及Aβ的表达。
重组蓖麻毒素B链蛋白疫苗的免疫原性及对接种小鼠的保护作用

蓖麻毒素(ricin toxin,RT)来源于植物蓖麻籽(Ricinuscommunis),属于Ⅱ型核糖体失活蛋白(ribosome-inactivating proteins,RIP),由RTA和RTB两条多肽链组成,其中RTA是RNA N-糖苷酶,为毒性链; RTB是半乳糖结合型蛋白,为结合链,通过介导A链进入细胞内而发挥作用。RT的毒性非常强,小鼠腹腔半数致死量(50% lethal dose,LD_(50))约为3.0 μg/kg,其毒性是有机磷农药的380倍,发展安全、有效的防治方法就显得尤为重要,已成为世界各国研究的热点。目前关于RT的疫苗研究主要集中在类毒素[8-10]和RTA蛋白。类毒素即甲醛化的全毒素,研究结果显示该类疫苗作用于动物模型上能刺激体液免疫从而抵挡致死剂量的天然毒素攻击。基于A链蛋白的疫苗主要包括RVEc(RTA1-33/44-198)和RiVaX,两者的研究思路是将RTA分子进行基因改造从而减轻或消除毒性,动物实验表明RVEc能抵挡5~10倍LD_(50)天然毒素,RiVaX可以抵抗10倍LD_(50)的毒素攻击。然而,由于类毒素和RTA蛋白疫苗具有毒性,限制了它们在人体的使用。与此同时,RTB蛋白的疫苗研制较少,这是因为B链亚单位的免疫原性一直存有争议。RTB亚单位作为疫苗有其独特的优势,如RTB蛋白是无毒性的;其他的A、B家族毒素已成功制备出有效的B亚单位疫苗。本研究旨在利用已制备的重组蛋白rRTB(E. coli M15/ pQE80L-RTB诱导表达),采用2× 2× 2× 3全因子分析方法评价重组蛋白进入机体的途径、剂量、次数、免疫间隔时间和免疫效果,为相关疫苗研究提供一定的基础。
奇神经节的临床解剖学观测及临床意义

1990年Plancarte首次论述了用奇神经节阻滞的方法治疗会阴部疼痛,获得良好的临床疗效[1]。近年来,国内外关于奇神经节的阻滞治疗和损毁性治疗的论述越来越多,如对痛经、会阴部带状疱疹后神经痛和会阴部多汗等病证,常采用奇神经节阻滞疗法。在奇神经阻滞时所采用的穿刺入路途径不尽相同,如经骶尾关节穿刺、经尾骨穿刺、经肛尾韧带穿刺和经旁正中穿刺等[2]。虽然临床报告均有较好的临床效果,但由于涉及肛周部的躯体神经和交感神经的传导较为复杂,至今为止学科界对引起肛周痛和骶尾部痛的发生机制缺乏详细的解剖学研究资料,并且奇神经节的定位模糊,对目前临床所采用的各种阻滞方法也多缺乏解剖学观测和研究的支持[3]。为此,本文对奇神经及奇神经节的定位及穿刺路径进行解剖学观测,以期为临床骶尾及肛周痛的诊治提供详尽的解剖学依据。
噪声致隐性听力损失的研究进展和临床意义

听力损失一般定义为听觉对声刺激的敏感度下降,即听觉阈值升高。噪声对听阈的影响是动态的和部分可逆的,过度噪声暴露后听阈可能发生一过性升高,称之为暂时性阈移(temporary threshold shift, TTS),随着时间推移,升高的阈值在数天内可完全或不完全恢复,而不能恢复的部分称为永久性阈移(permanent threshold shift, PTS)。一般认为如果TTS完全恢复,噪声就没有对听觉系统造成永久性损伤,因此,判断噪声是否安全基本以是否发生PTS为标准。
耳蜗突触病变和隐性听力损失

临床上常遇到这样一类患者,常规纯音听力测试显示其听阈正常,但存在一定程度的阈上听觉感知缺陷,如:嘈杂环境中言语分辨能力下降等,这种听觉功能的损伤被称为隐性听力损失(hidden hearing loss, HHL)。英国早在1989年就有一项大范围的调查研究显示,26%的成年人在嘈杂环境中对言语听觉有较大困难,但其中只有16%的人有听敏度提高(标准纯音听力测试0.5~4 kHz的平均听阈值≥25 dB HL)。
35年中西医结合研究之感悟

自1981年参加第一届全国中西医结合代表大会暨学术交流会在国务院招待所召开至今已35个年头了。感叹无济于事,我总结一下自己35年走过的痕迹吧,可能更有利以后35年的后生汲取一些有益的摒弃一些无益的,也就对得起自己了。我的同邑乡贤钱穆先生和钱钟书先生的书不能不读,一位是新儒学家,一位是中西文化比较学者,他们带给我们的是固守本土文化同时兼融西方文化的要旨。
海绵城市建设若干问题的理性思考

我国海绵城市建设热潮带来了一个巨大的市场,未来仍然有着广阔的发展空间,这不仅引起给水排水工程、环境工程等直接关联专业学术界和工程界的极大热忱和重视,也受到水利工程、园林景观工程、城市规划和建筑等相关专业的广泛关注和积极参与。今天在中国推行的海绵城市建设既是一个相对新的概念和“新兴”的领域,其实又包含许多传统的专业内容,不仅涉及到水专业多个分支领域,还涉及多专业和多部门。面对这样一个复杂的系统工程和快速的发展,专业领域整体上表现出研究和科技储备的不足。
股骨干骨折伴大腿中段Morel-Lavallee损伤一例

我们认为对于高能量创伤所致的股骨干骨折,需要注意以下事项:①认真查体,如皮肤局部有波动感应警惕Morel-Lavallee损伤可能,必要时行超声检查;②一旦确诊Morel-Lavallee损伤,根据患者损伤情况、临床症状以及患者意愿,及时选择恰当治疗方案处理。
肝素与无水乙醇抑制肝癌细胞的实验研究

目的通过肝素、无水乙醇对肝癌细胞株生物学行为影响的研究,为临床肝素盐水清洗祛除肝癌术中手术工具肿瘤细胞提供基础实验依据。方法取对数生长期人肝癌细胞株Hepa 1-6,以肝素250U/mL的DMEM、无水乙醇、DMEM、完全培养基刺激细胞3h后,分别测定并比较上述四组细胞增殖、凋亡、趋化运动和侵袭力之间的差异。结果肝素和无水乙醇可以明显抑制Hepa1-6细胞的增殖(与另两组比较,均P<0.01);肝素组细胞凋亡数量显著高于另三组(P<0.05);经肝素、无水乙醇刺激后,细胞的趋化运动和侵袭能力明显抑制(与另两组比较,均P<0.01)。结论肝素、无水乙醇对肝癌细胞株Hepa1-6的体外增殖、趋化运动和侵袭性具有明显的抑制作用;肝素诱导肝癌细胞株Hepa1-6凋亡。
颈椎病研究的历史沿革

随着信息社会的发展与人类生活方式的不断转变,如今长期伏案者不断增多,颈椎病的患病率逐年增高。有研究甚至发现,颈椎病的发病年龄开始出现年轻化的趋势,这让颈椎病近年来备受关注。但是,对于颈椎病的命名、定义、分型及治疗方式的选择,医学界在不同的时期有着不同的认识和理解。因此,为了更好的认识颈椎病,了解颈椎病研究的历史沿革便显得十分重要。本文将从颈椎病的命名与定义、分型,以及颈椎病治疗等方面的历史沿革进行综述。
一种多功能智能轮椅的控制系统设计

目的:设计一种多功能智能轮椅的控制系统,提高老年人和行动障碍的人士生活自理能力和生活质量,并对使用者下肢进行康复训练。方法:通过优化控制算法提高轮椅行驶的舒适度和安全度,通过虚拟现实的人机交互系统设计,实现患者的多种下肢功能训练,结合语音、操纵面板、手机界面多种操控方式来实现轮椅的姿态转换、行驶和训练功能,融合智能家居功能方便使用者通过无线遥控家用电器。结果:多功能智能轮椅控制系统已搭建完成,功能测试良好。结论:多功能智能轮椅控制系统设计合理,方案可行。
基于凝胶电解质的可穿戴式热电化学电池

随着可穿戴电子器件的发展,如何给它们供能的问题逐渐引起人们的关注。直接从环境或人体获取能量对电子器件进行供能,构造自驱动能源系统是行之有效的思路。人体的活动和代谢会持续产生热量,使得皮肤和外界环境会产生一定的温差1。通过热电转换的方式将这部分热能转化为电能,可为穿戴自驱动系统提供稳定可靠的电力来源。传统的热电转换一般是基于无机固体半导体材料的Seebeck效应,这些材料制备常涉及高温过程,且不具备柔韧性,在可穿戴自驱动系统中的应用具有一定的局限性。
通过共沉积p-型半导体和光活性材料简化钙钛矿太阳能电池结构

有机-无机杂化钙钛矿太阳能电池由于具有材料成本低廉、能量转换效率高和易加工制备等优点,成为近年来光伏领域的研究热点。经过短短几年时间的发展,钙钛矿太阳能电池的能量转换效率已经高达22.1%1,几乎可以和晶体硅太阳能电池的效率相媲美,表现出巨大的实际应用潜力。
Possible functions of the microtrichia on the cuticle of Ulomoides dermestoides (Chevrolat) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Ulomoides dermestoides (Chevrolat) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) is one of the most notorious pests in northeastern China. We examined microtrichia on the thorax, elytra and abdomen of U. dermestoides using scanning electron microscopy and recorded their conformations (size, shape and insertion method) and distributions (length, width and location). Possible functions of the microtrichia were (1) stridulation: microtrichia on the inner surface of the elytra interacted with microtrichia on the dorsoventral axis of the thorax or on the costal vein of the hind wing; (2) to increase friction: at the major surface on the middle of the abdominal tergum, hind-wings, inner surface of the medial edge of the elytra and the posterior end of the elytra; (3) protection: the microtrichia covering the posterior face of the abdomen conserved water in the body and protected the body from damage; and (4) sensing organ: the special shape of the microtrichia on the nervation near the vannal fold of the hind wing, the anteriometapleuron on the metathorax, and the posterior field of the abdomen could perceive the environment. In conclusion, the size and shape of the microtrichia are tightly related to their functions, which may have evolved with the beetles' lifestyle.