mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
中国极小种群野生植物保护研究进展

中国高等植物中受威胁物种共3,879种,占评估物种总数的10.84% (覃海宁等,2017)。由于可利用的资源有限,不可能同时保护所有的物种,只能针对亟需保护的物种优先开展保护行动。为便于保护和管理,原国家林业局正式提出了极小种群野生植物(Wild Plant with Extremely Small Populations,WPESP;也有学者翻译为Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations,PSESP)的概念,特指分布地域狭窄,长期受到外界因素干扰胁迫而呈现出种群退化和个体数量持续减少,以致种群和个体数量都极少,已经低于稳定存活界限的最小可存活种群,而随时面临灭绝风险的野生植物(臧润国等,2016)。极小种群野生植物大多数为我国特有植物,具有重要的经济和科学价值,如可用于作物改良、药用、观赏或具有独特的生态进化意义(Ma et al,2013)。关于极小种群植物的保育,必须强调针对的是野生植物,否则在保育实践中可能会引起误解,特别是基层单位和非专业人士更容易产生困惑,对于人工繁育或栽培种群数量比较大的物种如
显微支撑喉镜低温等离子射频消融治疗早期声门型喉癌临床观察

目的探讨显微支撑喉镜低温等离子消融治疗早期声门型喉癌的价值及临床效果。方法2013年6月至2019年6月,共收治早期声门型喉癌78例,根据国际抗癌联盟喉癌TNM分期标准,其中T_(1s) 13例,T_(1a) 37例,T_(1b) 28例;均采用显微支撑喉镜低温等离子射频消融治疗,完全切除肿瘤。术后定期随访,复查喉镜,观察患者喉内创面愈合进度和肿瘤复发情况,评定临床效果。结果78例均能一次切除肿瘤,声门区结构和喉功能保全良好。术中无大出血,术后无呼吸困难、吞咽困难等并发症发生。术后随访5个月~6年,肿瘤复发4例,其余74例无复发,呼吸、吞咽均正常,发声功能良好。结论显微支撑喉镜下低温等离子消融治疗早期声门型喉癌,能完整切除肿瘤,保留喉的正常结构和生理功能,手术安全可靠,复发率低,临床效果良好。
逆行四面解剖法切取桡动脉掌浅支皮瓣修复手指末节软组织缺损

目的探讨应用逆行四面解剖法切取桡动脉掌浅支(SPBRA)游离皮瓣修复手指软组织缺损的临床疗效。方法2017年1月至2019年6月,共收治手指末节软组织缺损36例,男28例,女8例,年龄18~61岁,平均38.6岁;机器挤压伤23例,机器切割伤8例,电锯伤5例;受伤指别:拇指5例,示指13例,中指11例,环指5例,小指2例。均采用逆行四面解剖法(沿穿支血管的前、后、左、右四面逆向解剖血管至源动脉并切取皮瓣)切取SPBRA游离皮瓣修复。皮瓣切取面积1.0 cm×1.0 cm~2.5 cm×3.0 cm,平均2.0 cm×2.5 cm。术后门诊定期随访观察皮瓣的色泽、质地、感觉恢复情况及患指和腕关节的屈伸功能。结果本组36例皮瓣全部成活,无坏死及感染,术后随访3~6个月(平均4.6个月),皮瓣色泽、质地、外观良好,无明显萎缩,患指屈、伸功能正常,腕关节功能正常,皮瓣静态TPD为8~12mm。结论逆行四面解剖法操作简单,能减少并发症的发生,也能更好指导初学者顺利切取皮瓣,SPBRA游离皮瓣修复手指末节软组织缺损临床效果好。
心尖肥厚型心肌病心电图改变的研究进展

心电图上胸前导联巨大的倒置T波是心尖肥厚型心肌病(AHCM)的典型特征。本文对AHCM的心电图改变的临床研究进展做一综述,重点聚焦T波倒置的深度与心尖部室壁厚度的关系及其随病程进展的变化。
疫情防控专题:新型冠状病毒疫情期间线上学习相关眼健康问题及预防措施

本文于2020年2月20日预出版于中华眼科杂志官网。目前我国对2019新型冠状病毒疫情的防治工作正处于关键时期,延迟开学是减少校园内交叉感染、保护儿童和青少年身体健康、共同抗击疫情的重要举措。与此同时,远程教学模式的大规模开展导致儿童和青少年的学习模式和用眼习惯发生巨大转变,其对儿童和青少年视觉健康的潜在影响不容忽视。本文对线上学习相关眼健康问题和眼科疾病进行总结,并提出针对性的预防措施,为儿童和青少年在线上学习期间的视功能保护提供有效指导。
膝关节置换术中内侧副韧带断裂治疗新技术一例

报道一例膝关节置换术中内侧副韧带(MCL)断裂使用半月板进行修复的病例。本病例采用半月板修复膝关节置换术中MCL断裂并获得成功,目前本治疗方法少见相关文献报道。
Analytical and approximate solutions of (2+1)-dimensional time-fractional Burgers-Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation

In this paper, we applied the sub-equation method to obtain a new exact solution set for the extended version of the time-fractional Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation, namely Burgers-Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation (Burgers-K-P) that arises in shallow water waves. Furthermore, using the residual power series method (RPSM), approximate solutions of the equation were obtained with the help of the Mathematica symbolic computation package. We also presented a few graphical illustrations for some surfaces. The fractional derivatives were considered in the conformable sense. All of the obtained solutions were replaced back in the governing equation to check and ensure the reliability of the method. The numerical outcomes confirmed that both methods are simple, robust and effective to achieve exact and approximate solutions of nonlinear fractional differential equations.
配体促进钴催化的烯烃自由基型氢胺化反应

胺及其衍生物普遍存在于药物、天然产物和功能材料分子中,因此从简单易得的原料出发高效合成胺类化合物长期以来都是有机化学领域的重要研究方向.其中,烯烃的氢胺化反应是合成含氮分子最为直接和有效的方法之一,一直受到研究者的广泛关注.在传统的烯烃活化策略中,烯烃迁移插入M-H形成烷基金属中间体是反应选择性控制的关键步骤,存在难以控制化学、区域、立体选择性的多重挑战(Scheme 1a),特别是无螯合基团参与、非活化烯烃的高选择性分子间氢胺化反应依然是难以实现的.
RNA-seq reveals hormone-regulated synthesis of non-cellulose polysaccharides associated with fiber strength in a single-chromosomal-fragmentsubstituted upland cotton line

Cotton fibers are the main raw materials of the textile industry. Exogenous superior fiber genes have been introduced into upland cotton to develop high-yield cultivars with excellent fiber quality. We used a single chromosomal segment on the chromosome A07 substitution line SL7, with high fiber strength, to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying its fiber quality. RNA-seq and KEGG analysis showed that 70 differentially expressed genes were enriched in plant hormone transduction pathways, including auxin, ethylene and abscisic acid, in fibers at 10 days post-anthesis(DPA). Among these, fiberdevelopment related transcription factors MYB and NAC, including Gh_A11G0981(MYB108), Gh_A03G0887(NAC029), and Gh_A08G1691(NAC021), were significantly upregulated in SL7, as were numerous cellulose synthase-like(CSL) genes involved in non-cellulose polysaccharide and cell wall synthesis. The hemicellulose content of SL7 was significantly higher than that of L22, an upland cotton cultivar. These results suggest that key genes in the introgressed chromosomal segment of SL7 regulate the expression of transcription-factor genes via hormone-transduction pathways, thereby inducing the expression of genes involved in secondary wall synthesis and ultimately improving fiber quality. This study has shed light on the molecular mechanism of fiber development and will contribute to the improvement of fiber quality of upland cotton by molecular breeding.
Genetic dissection of maternal influence on in vivo haploid induction in maize

In vivo haploid induction based on maternal haploid inducers is the first step in deriving completely homozygous maize doubled haploid(DH) lines. Haploid induction rate(HIR) is influenced by both pollen parent inducing haploidy and the maternal source germplasm used in induction crosses. This study was aimed at analyzing the influence of source germplasm on HIR using 671 tropical inbred lines organized in two associationmapping panels. These two association mapping panels(AMP1 and AMP2) were crossed to two different Tropically Adapted Inducer Lines(TAILs). For HIR assessment, seeds from induction crosses were planted in the field and ploidy status of each surviving plant was assessed using a gold standard classification based on visual differences between the haploid and diploid plants. The analysis revealed significant variation for HIR and led to identification of several tropical inbred lines that respond very positively to haploid induction. Use of HIR data in a genome wide association study(GWAS) led to identification of twenty-seven and two SNPs that were significantly associated with HIR in AMP1 and AMP2, respectively. Meta-analysis of AMP1 and AMP2 GWAS led to identification of 52 SNPs with significant effect on HIR across both studies. Genome-wide prediction revealed moderate to high prediction accuracywithin AMPs using random SNPs. Inclusion of the SNPs detected inGWASinto the prediction model led to improvement in prediction accuracy. Overall, the study revealed that thematernal influence on HIR is controlled by a fewmoderate and many small effect QTL.
Quantifying the effects of short-term heat stress at booting stage on nonstructural carbohydrates remobilization in rice

Extreme heat stress events are becoming more frequent under anticipated climate change, which can have devastating impacts on rice growth and yield. To quantify the effects of short-term heat stress at booting stage on nonstructural carbohydrates(NSC) remobilization in rice, two varieties(Nanjing 41 and Wuyunjing 24) were subjected to 32/22/27 ℃(maximum/minimum/mean), 36/26/31 ℃, 40/30/35 ℃, and 44/34/39 ℃ for 2, 4 and 6 days in phytotrons at booting stage during 2014 and 2015. Yield and yield components, dry matter partitioning index(DMPI), NSC accumulation and translocation were measured and calculated. The results showed that the increase of high-temperature level and duration significantly reduced grain yield by suppressing spikelet number per panicle, seed-setting rate, and grain weight. Heat stress at booting decreased DMPI in panicles, increased DMPI in stems, but had no significant effect on photosynthetic rate. Stem NSC concentration increased whereas panicles NSC concentration, stem NSC translocation efficiency, and contribution of stem NSC to grain yield decreased. Severe heat stress even transformed the stem into a carbohydrate sink during grain filling. The heat-tolerant Wuyunjing 24 showed a higher NSC transport capacity under heat stress than the heat-sensitive Nanjing 41. Heat degree-days(HDD), which combines the effects of the intensity and duration of heat stress, used for quantifying the impacts of heat stress indicates the threshold HDD for the termination of NSC translocation is 9.82 ℃ day. Grain yield was negatively correlated with stem NSC concentration and accumulation at maturity, and yield reduction was tightly related to NSC translocation reduction. The results suggest that heat stress at booting inhibits NSC translocation due to sink size reduction. Therefore, genotypes with higher NSC transport capacity under heat stress could be beneficial for rice yield formation.
IPCC第三工作组第六次评估报告:全球减缓走向何方?

IPCC第三工作组第六次评估报告的编写正在紧锣密鼓地进行中,作者们于2019年9月30日至10月4日在印度新德里参加第二次作者会议,讨论了第零稿的修改,并再次讨论和厘清了报告的主线。
Using fuzzy-AHP and parametric technique to assess soil fertility status in Northeast of Iran

A good understanding of the levels and distribution patterns of soil properties and/or quality indicators is a prerequisite for developing sustainable agricultural land management programs. Traditional assessments of these parameters of soil fertility status are somewhat costly, in both economics and time aspects. Different modelling techniques have been proposed as a useful tool for determination of soil quality indicators and development of soil fertility maps, but to what extent these results are reliable remains under-quantified in many regions worldwide. To address this uncertainty, Fuzzy-Analytical Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy-AHP) and Parametric analyses were conducted to ascertain the soil fertility status of a semiarid region in the Northeast of Iran for some selected crops: alfalfa, corn silage, potato, sugar beet, tomato and wheat. The Fuzzy-AHP and Parametric techniques using soil suitability indices were estimated for each crop and each soil delineation was achieved by Ordinary Kriging. The Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) was used as a compensatory method to allow tradeoffs among the selected criteria. Our results demonstrated that from the Fuzzy-AHP analysis, the soil fertility indices ranged from moderate to high for production of alfalfa; from low to high for production of corn silage and sugar beet; moderate to high for production of potato and tomato; and from low to moderate for production of wheat. However, the parametric analysis showed soil fertility classes ranging from very low to high for production of all the selected crops. High correlations were also observed between soil fertility indices predicted by both models. Similarly, the capacities of both models to predict soil fertility status for production of the selected crops were also highly correlated. The preference for the cultivation of the selected crops based on the Fuzzy-AHP analysis was sugar beet > corn silage > wheat > alfalfa > tomato > potato. On the other hand, using Parametric techniques, the crops preferences for cultivation ranked as corn silage > wheat > alfalfa > sugar beet > tomato > potato. We concluded that the findings would help to develop sustainable plans of cultivation based on patterns related to soil fertility classes depending on each crop’s requirement.
个案管理模式对HIV/AIDS病人服药依从性影响的研究

目前尚无根除艾滋病病毒(HIV)的药物,高效抗反转录病毒治疗(HAART)需要终身服药,艾滋病(AIDS)的慢性化复杂化使患者需要多学科的、连续的、个性化的集治疗、支持、关怀、健康宣教以及目标导向的管理性照护程序。2012年国际艾滋病医师治疗协会《改善HIV感染者接受并持续获得治疗以及对抗反转录病毒治疗依从性的指南》中指出,个案管理模式是艾滋病护理方面提高艾滋病治疗和护理连续性,提高抗病毒治疗依从性的一种有效管理模式。选取本中心初始抗病毒治疗的130例HIV感染者/AIDS病人(简称HIV/AIDS病人),进行了随机对照研究,结果报道如下。
Displacement characteristic of landslides reinforced with flexible piles: field and physical model test

A field monitoring system was established in an active river bank landslide in the Three Gorges area, China, and a consecutive monitoring for about 5 years were conducted to understand the displacement characteristics of flexible piles and the surrounding soil. It was found that piles deformed elastically under reservoir operation, and the soil in front of piles was gradually separated from piles. The movement of the pile heads exceeded that of the soil between and behind piles. This phenomenon was further studied by a large-scale physical model test to gain insights into the pile-soil interaction. The displacement relationship between pile heads and the surrounding soil is in good agreement with the field data. The physical model test shows that the deformation process of pile-reinforced landslides can be divided into two stages: firstly, when the piles head movement exceeds soil movement, the soil arching is mainly affected by the deflection of the piles, the arches between and behind piles bent upwards; but when the soil movement exceeds piles head movement, the arches near the upslope and downslope bent downwards and upwards, respectively. Furthermore, the different deformation of two adjacent piles and the pile stiffness influenced the arch’s shape and formation; the flexible piles exhibit great coordinated deformation with the landslide, and caused the soil arch on the downslope.
A Comprehensive Review of Path Planning Algorithms for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles

The underwater path planning problem deals with finding an optimal or sub-optimal route between an origin point and a termination point in marine environments. The underwater environment is still considered as a great challenge for the path planning of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) because of its hostile and dynamic nature. The major constraints for path planning are limited data transmission capability, power and sensing technology available for underwater operations. The sea environment is subjected to a large set of challenging factors classified as atmospheric, coastal and gravitational. Based on whether the impact of these factors can be approximated or not, the underwater environment can be characterized as predictable and unpredictable respectively. The classical path planning algorithms based on artificial intelligence assume that environmental conditions are known apriori to the path planner. But the current path planning algorithms involve continual interaction with the environment considering the environment as dynamic and its effect cannot be predicted. Path planning is necessary for many applications involving AUVs. These are based upon planning safety routes with minimum energy cost and computation overheads. This review is intended to summarize various path planning strategies for AUVs on the basis of characterization of underwater environments as predictable and unpredictable. The algorithms employed in path planning of single AUV and multiple AUVs are reviewed in the light of predictable and unpredictable environments.
Multidisciplinary integrated design of long-range ballistic missile using PSO algorithm

In the case of the given design variables and constraint functions, this paper is concerned with the rapid overall parameters design of trajectory, propulsion and aerodynamics for long-range ballistic missiles based on the index of the minimum take-off mass. In contrast to the traditional subsystem independent design, this paper adopts the research idea of the combination of the subsystem independent design and the multisystem integration design. Firstly, the trajectory, propulsion and aerodynamics of the subsystem are separately designed by the engineering design, including the design of the minimum energy trajectory, the computation of propulsion system parameters, and the calculation of aerodynamic coefficient and dynamic derivative of the missile by employing the software of missile DATCOM. Then, the uniform design method is used to simplify the constraint conditions and the design variables through the integration design, and the accurate design of the optimized variables would be accomplished by adopting the uniform particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Finally, the automation design software is written for the three-stage solid ballistic missile. The take-off mass of 29 850 kg is derived by the subsystem independent design, and 20 constraints are reduced by employing the uniform design on the basis of 29 design variables and 32 constraints, and the take-off mass is dropped by 1 850 kg by applying the combination of the uniform design and PSO. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed hybrid optimization technique.
Robust single machine scheduling problem with uncertain job due dates for industrial mass production

The single machine scheduling problem which involves uncertain job due dates is one of the most important issues in the real make-to-order environment. To deal with the uncertainty, this paper establishes a robust optimization model by minimizing the maximum tardiness in the worst case scenario over all jobs. Unlike the traditional stochastic programming model which requires exact distributions, our model only needs the information of due date intervals. The worst case scenario for a given sequence that belongs to a set containing only n scenarios is proved, where n is the number of jobs. Then, the model is simplified and reformulated as an equivalent mixed 0-1 integer linear programming (MILP) problem. To solve the MILP problems efficiently, a heuristic approach is proposed based on a robust dominance rule. The experimental results show that the proposed method has the advantages of robustness and high calculating efficiency, and it is feasible for large-scale problems.
斜行强回声大界面发生彩色多普勒血流显像镜像伪差及其发生机制

超声成像中,复杂物理效应可带来多种伪差,包括混响效应、振铃效应、镜像效应、旁瓣效应、部分容积效应及折射重影效应等。镜像伪差可出现在人体多个部位,甚至可见于新生儿颅脑超声。对于二维超声发生镜像伪差已形成共识,与声束垂直或接近垂直的强回声大界面发生的彩色血流镜像伪差(mirror-image artifact of color blood flow, MACBF)也见于报道。本文探讨斜行强回声大界面(oblique strong echo big interface, OSEBI)发生MACBF的条件及机制。
先天性纤维性左心室憩室1例

讨论心脏憩室是先天性局部心肌组织数量减少或缺失(或纤维组织占优),局部心肌薄弱部分在心室腔压力作用下异常膨出而形成,是较为罕见的先天性心脏畸形,可发生于心脏各个腔室,以左心室多见。心脏憩室分为纤维性和肌性,纤维性较少见,无收缩运动,易破裂;肌性憩室多位于心尖部,有收缩运动。本例憩室位于左心室心尖部,外层为大量脂肪层,内层为纤维组织层,囊腔内有内孔与左心室真腔相通,囊腔因血流进入而扩大、随血流流出而缩小,囊壁本身未见明显运动,符合纤维性憩室特点。超声心动图较难观察左心室顶点,憩室可能与标准视图不符而易致漏诊;依序显示左心室短轴切面,并联合观察心尖四腔心切面有助于诊断。心脏憩室罕见,需结合实验室和其他辅助检查综合判断。
超声心动图误诊先天性右心房壁瘤1例

讨论先天性RAA是一种与心房组织发育不良及纤维化相关的罕见心脏畸形,病因尚不明确,可发生于任何年龄。本病早期可无明显症状,常于中年因房性心律失常就诊而偶然被发现。RAA应与心包囊肿、心房憩室、三尖瓣下移畸形等疾病相鉴别。本例超声造影发现巨大囊腔,与右心房同步显影,有助于与心包囊肿相鉴别。心房憩室及房壁瘤超声心动图表现均为心房瘤样扩张,且均可见血流信号,但心房憩室是由心房局部先天性发育薄弱所致,局部受压力影响被动向外扩张,故存在憩室颈狭窄,且憩室壁的组织学为正常心肌组织,而心房壁瘤主要为纤维组织及少许心肌细胞。三尖瓣瓣膜附着点有助于鉴别心房壁瘤与三尖瓣下移畸形。本例术前诊断误为右心耳瘤样扩张,误诊原因可能为:①医师对该病认识不足;②由于右心房巨大,常规超声无法完全显示整个右心房结构;③2种疾病的超声及病理表现相似,仅受累范围不同。
单向式技术在单孔胸腔镜右肺上叶切除术中的应用

2018年3月至2019年7月连续完成39例单孔胸腔镜右上肺切除术,采用单向式技术由上向下、由后向前处理右上肺血管、支气管。患者均顺利完成手术,1例因门钉样淋巴结中转开胸。手术时间(148.3 ±43.7)min,术中出血量(77.7 ±75.8)ml,清扫淋巴结(11.6 ±4.1)枚。术后胸腔引流管留置(3.9±2.1)天,住院(8.9±3.4)天。围手术期无严重并发症。单向式技术使单孔胸腔镜右肺上叶切除术步骤清晰,器械使用更方便,肺裂处理更简单。
中国儿童肺炎支原体感染实验室诊断规范和临床实践专家共识(2019年)

肺炎支原体感染是临床的常见病征,要做到恰当诊断、治疗和合理使用抗菌药物,迫切需要规范其检测方法并指导临床应用。遵照国家卫生计生委合理用药专家委员会的专项通知要求,儿科临床和检验学科专家基于实验室规范和临床实践这两个要素,博采各方观点、集思广益并参考相关文献编写成本共识,依据是检测方法的敏感性和特异性,经济实用性和可及性,共识还分层推荐了不同场景下肺炎支原体感染实验室诊断方法之选择。
第501例肢体麻木-头痛-发热

报道1例49岁女性患者,病程20年,以中枢神经系统硬脑膜病变起病,逐渐出现发热、皮下结节,血红细胞沉降率、C反应蛋白升高,血清及脑脊液血管紧张素转化酶正常。皮下结节及硬脑膜活体组织检查病理学诊断支持结节病。予糖皮质激素联合免疫抑制剂治疗后病情好转。
102例血液透析患者动静脉内瘘血栓形成的原因及护理

总结2016年1月1日-2019年2月28日某三级甲等医院收治的102例维持性血液透析患者动静脉内瘘血栓形成的原因,常见原因为内瘘血管狭窄、高血红蛋白、原发疾病(糖尿病、高血压等)、高龄、透析中低血压、干体重设置过低、超滤过多过快等,通过系统评估患者的生命体征、动静脉内瘘闭塞的程度、各项实验室指标和患者容量状态等,给予局部加压按摩、尿激酶溶栓、皮下低分子肝素注射、远红外线照射等综合处理,93例(91.18%)患者内瘘功能恢复。
野生型转甲状腺素蛋白淀粉样变的研究进展

野生型转甲状腺素蛋白淀粉样变(ATTRwt)是野生型转甲状腺素蛋白错误折叠后沉积于组织器官从而影响其结构和功能导致的疾病。近期研究发现ATTRwt在老年人、射血分数保留的心力衰竭患者中的患病率被低估。ATTRwt在老年男性人群中较为常见,多表现为心力衰竭、心律失常等。近年来骨闪烁显像在转甲状腺素蛋白淀粉样变的诊断中表现出良好的敏感度和特异度。有望抑制ATTRwt进程的治疗方法包括氯苯唑酸、AG10和表没食子儿茶素-3-没食子酸酯等药物治疗以及心脏移植。本文对ATTRwt的临床特征、诊断思路、影像学检查及治疗的最新进展进行了综述,以期为临床诊治提供参考。
Infrastructure of Sustainable Energy Development in Pakistan: A Review

Pakistan is an energy-resourceful country with vast and untapped renewable energy sources (RESs). The wind, solar, and biomass of the country are practically capable of ending a power sector collapse caused by demand-supply variances. A significant percentage of Pakistan’s population resides in rural areas. For rural population, the lack of connection to the mainstream of national development is a direct consequence of frequent power blackouts and, in certain cases, a lack of grid connection altogether. Lucrative features of smart grid are not fully incorporated into the power network yet, but policy-makers are paying attention to increase RES reliance. A comprehensive study describing the renewable energy potential of Pakistan is of importance. This research work attempts to present a collective summary of Pakistan’s renewable energy potential. A statistical analysis of the proposed and installed projects in various districts are presented. This paper elaborates the pressing needs of renewable energy integration for resolving Pakistan’s energy crisis. Renewable energy projects are acclaimed in this paper for affording higher living standards and better job opportunities than the fossil fuel based industry in Pakistan. Integrating RESs into the national portfolio is guaranteed to offer profound socio-economic benefits to Pakistan’s rural population.
Exceptional points and the ring laser gyroscope

An equivalence is made between the exceptional points proposed by the field of non-Hermitian quantum mechanics and the dead band observed in laser gyroscopes. The sensitivity enhancement near this exceptional point is plagued by increased uncertainty due to broadening of the beat-note bandwidth. Also, near the dead band the gyroscope response is caused by Rabi intensity oscillations and not solely by a phase modulation. Finally, a distinction is made between conservative and non-conservative coupling.
Perceived Utility of Premium Power by High-tech Manufacturers

The valuation of premium power based on perceived utility (PU,i.e., perceived effectiveness or satisfaction degree of customers) and their willingness to pay has been researched for years. One of the remaining challenges is the accurate evaluation of PU. PU is the foundation of premium power evaluation, and it is essential for the decision-making process of investments on premium power by high-tech manufacturers (HTMs). This paper presents a framework to effectively evaluate PU. In this framework, factors influencing PU were classified to be quantitative and qualitative. An indication system (IS) was then constructed based on those influencing factors. Finally, PU was evaluated by the IS, considering psychological perception and decision-making behavior of HTMs. The effectiveness of the proposed PU-evaluation framework was demonstrated through field case studies.
Dynamic Inertia Response Support by Energy Storage System with Renewable Energy Integration Substation

In recent years, the expansion of renewable energy in electric power systems has been increasing at such a rapid pace that it has started affecting frequency stability. Renewable generators connected to the grid produce variable amounts of power, and in most cases have no inherent inertia response (IR) to the system frequency. Therefore, the high penetration of renewable generators in the system results in low inertia and frequency distortion. If renewable generators account for a high proportion of the supply in a power system, the use of energy storage systems (ESSs) with frequency-support algorithms (in the place of synchronous generators) can stabilize the network. The participation of ESSs in frequency support must be organized precisely, so that they are fully devoted to their own purpose. In this paper, the frequency-support parameters of ESSs are calculated for achieving stable frequency response from a network. An estimation and calibration process is conducted during the active power-order change of the ESSs in the substation, and is verified through electromagnetic-transients-including- DC (EMTDC)-based simulations.