mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Glutathione-capped quantum dots for plasma membrane labeling and membrane potential imaging

The plasma membrane of cells is a crucial biological membrane that involved in a variety of cellular processes including cell signaling transduction through membrane electrical activity. Recently, monitoring membrane electrical activity using fluorescence imaging has attracted numerous attentions for its potential applications in evaluating how the nervous system works. However, the development of ideal fluorescent voltage-sensitive probes with both high membrane labeling efficiency and voltage sensitivity is still retain a big challenge. Herein, glutathionecapped CdSe@ZnS quantum dots (CdSe@ZnS-GSH QDs) with a size of 2.5 nm and an emission peak at 520 nm are synthesized using a facile ligand exchange method for plasma membrane labeling and membrane potential imaging.The as-synthesized CdSe@ZnS-GSH QDs can effectively label cell membrane at neutral pH within 30 min and exhibit excellent optical stability in continuous imaging for up to 60 min.With the test concentration up to 200 nM, CdSe@ZnS-GSH QDs show high biocompatibility to cells and do not affect cell proliferation, disturb cell membrane integrity or cause apoptosis and necrosis of cells.Then, a two-component voltage sensor strategy based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between CdSe@ZnS-GSH QDs and the dipicrylamine (DPA) is successfully developed to monitor the membrane potential by the fluorescence of CdSe@ZnS-GSH QDs.This study offers a facile strategy for labeling plasma membrane and monitoring the membrane potential of cells and will hold great potential in the research of signaling within intact neuronal circuits.
Mn_3O_4 nanoparticles@reduced graphene oxide composite: An efficient electrocatalyst for artificial N_2 fixation to NH_3 at ambient conditions

Currently, industrial-scale NH_3 production almost relies on energy-intensive Haber-Bosch process from atmospheric N_2 with large amount of CO_2 emission, while low-cost and high-efficient catalysts are demanded for the N_2 reduction reaction (NRR). In this study, Mn_3O_4 nanoparticles@reduced graphene oxide (Mn_3O_4@rGO) composite is reported as an efficient NRR electrocatalyst with excellent selectivity for NH_3 formation. In 0.1 M Na_2SO_4 solution, such catalyst obtains a NH_3 yield of 17.4 μg·h~(–1)·mg~(–1) cat. and a Faradaic efficiency of 3.52% at –0.85 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode. Notably, it also shows high electrochemical stability during electrolysis process. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations also demonstrate that the (112) planes of Mn_3O_4 possess superior NRR activity.
Multi-objective optimization model predictive dispatch precooling and ceiling fans in office buildings under different summer weather conditions

In summer, a ceiling fan has a tremendous potential to cool rooms, resulting in energy saving and a peak load reduction. During the critical peak pricing (CPP)period of the electricity, one method to attain substantial energy cost saving is to turn off the heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC)system, but this may result in overheating. Fortunately, precooling and ceiling fans can be used to reduce the feeling of hot sensation. Therefore, the best control strategy for an HVAC system and ceiling fans is to maximize energy cost saving without much thermal comfort sacrifice. This paper presents a multi-objective optimization model predictive control (MO-MPC)of precooling temperature setpoint and ceiling fan speed. The proposed MO-MPC integrates an optimization engine, Dakota, and a detailed energy simulation tool, EnergyPlus, to determine the optimal control strategies considering the energy cost and thermal comfort simultaneously. A sub-program of substituting EnergyPlus with decision tree regression models for building climate prediction is deployed. If the calculation time is too long to achieve real-time control, this sub-program can be adopted to accelerate the calculation. In this study, the proposed MO-MPC framework is applied to a small and large building in four different cities with different CPPs. For a summer day, compared with the baseline cases of no precooling and no ceiling fan, the optimal strategies for the small building achieve energy cost savings between 10.3% and 33.3% and a peak power load decrease from 44.0% to 51.9%. Without precooling but with a ceiling fan control, on a particular summer day, for the large building case in Shanghai, 7.4% energy saving is achieved. The optimal control of the precooling temperature and ceiling fans result in a 14.4% energy cost saving. By using the decision tree regression models instead of EnergyPlus, the calculation time of the big office reduces from about 10 hours 40 minutes to 24.4 minutes.
Effects of blockage ratio and Reynolds number on particle deposition in duct airflow over a forward-facing step

Deposition processes of particles in duct airflow over a forward-facing step (FFS)were numerically studied by computational fluid dynamics method. Reynolds stress model with velocity fluctuation modification and discrete particle model with turbulent particle dispersion were developed to predict airflow fields and particle motions respectively. After grid independence study and numerical validation, the effects of different Reynolds numbers and blockage ratios on particle deposition characteristics were investigated. Particle deposition velocities, deposition efficiency and deposition mechanisms in duct with a forward-facing step were analyzed and discussed. The results showed that particle deposition velocity in FFS duct keeps monotonically increasing as particle diameter increases. Moreover, particle deposition profile in FFS duct increases as blockage ratio and Reynolds number increases. Deposition efficiency is higher for small particles (d_p < 10 μm)but lower for large particles (d_p > 10 μm)than uniform duct case. When air velocity is fixed as 5.5 m/s, the maximum deposition efficiency of FFS duct can reach 84 when λ = 0.25 and particle size is 1 μm. Moreover, when air velocity increases, the deposition efficiency will increase. Reduction of deposition distance, production of high TKE region and interception of windward surface by FFS are dominant mechanisms to increase particle deposition rates. Moreover, the “particle free zone” appears when particle diameter is more than 10 μm and blockage ratio is 0.5.
Simulation of the thermal performance of a geometrically complex Double-Skin Facade for hot climates:EnergyPlus vs. OpenFOAM

Simulating the thermal performance of Double-Skin Facades (DSFs)is a complex issue faced by many architects who attempt to utilise them for energy-saving, acoustic, and aesthetic benefits. EnergyPlus is among the most widely used building simulation programs, and its capability of simulating DSFs is controversial which derives the need for further investigation. DSFs are usually designed with flat surfaces, and thus the simulations performed in previous studies to verify the accuracy of EnergyPlus were almost always dealing with simple flat facades. This paper presents a preliminary investigation into the reliability of EnergyPlus in simulating the thermal performance of a geometrically complex unconventional DSF. The increase of geometrical complexity increases the challenge of DSF simulation. Using CFD, the paper also aims at having a better understanding of the thermal performance of the DSF which was not possible using only EnergyPlus. A numerical experiment is performed in which two models of a DSF are compared; one simulated with EnergyPlus and the other with OpenFOAM CFD software. The average cavity temperature and the volume flow rate of the air at the outlets are compared. Results of the comparison showed minor differences between them, which gives a positive indication of the potential of EnergyPlus in handling complex geometries with complex physical phenomena. Conducting physical experiments on built prototypes to verify the results represents both the main limitation of this work and its future plan. The paper discusses some of the challenges that prevent architects from using CFD,and how they can be addressed, then ends with some design recommendations for DSFs in hot climatic contexts.
Late syn- to post-collisional magmatism in Madagascar: The genesis of the Ambalavao and Maevarano Suites

The East African Orogen involves a collage of Proterozoic microcontinents and arc terranes that became wedged between older cratonic blocks during the assembly of Gondwana. The Ediacaran-Cambrian Ambalavao and Maevarano Suites in Madagascar were emplaced during the waning orogenic stages and consist of weakly deformed to undeformed plutonic rocks and dykes of mainly porphyritic granite but also gabbro, diorite and charnockite. U-Pb geochronological data date emplacement of the Ambalavao Suite to between ca. 580 Ma and 540 Ma and the Maevarano Suite to between ca. 537 Ma and 522 Ma. Major and trace element concentrations are consistent with emplacement in a syn- to postcollisional tectonic setting as A-type(anorogenic) suites. Oxygen (δ~(18)O of 5.27‰—7.45‰) and hafnium (ε_(Hf)(t) of -27.8 to -12.3) isotopic data from plutons in the Itremo and Antananarivo Domains are consistent with incorporation of an ancient crustal source. More primitive δ~(18)O(5.27‰-5.32‰) and ε_(Hf)(t)(+0.0 to +0.2) isotopic values recorded in samples collected from the Ikalamavony Domain demonstrate the isotopic variation of basement sources present in the Malagasy crust. The Hf isotopic composition of Malagasy zircon are unlike more juvenile Ediacaran-Cambrian zircon sources elsewhere in the East African Orogen and, as such, Madagascar represents a distinct and identifiable detrital zircon source region in Phanerozoic sedimentary provenance studies. Taken together, these data indicate that high-T crustal anatexis, crustal assimilation and interaction of crustal material with mantle-derived melts were the processes operating during magma emplacement. This magmatism was coeval with polyphase deformation throughout Madagascar during the amalgamation of Gondwana and magmatism is interpreted to reflect lithospheric delamination of an extensive orogenic plateau.
Reconciling the Earth's stratigraphic record with the structure of our galaxy

The passage of our Solar System through the spiral arms has been implicated as a contributor to global environmental perturbations. The suggestion of a consistent structure within the arms, informed by density wave theory, raises the possibility of repeating patterns of events at each arm crossing. Here we test the hypothesis that the structure of the arms of our galaxy influences the stratigraphic record on Earth. We construct independent structural and temporal models and combine these to compare the timings of arm tracers, materials from the earliest Solar System and events on Earth, including the largest extinctions. We find that a recurring sequence of events across the four arms emerges with an average arm-passing time of 188 million years. We suggest that the multiple temporal overlaps of events across arms, and their alignment with arm tracers and the earliest Solar System, presents an opportunity for a greater understanding of both Earth-based phenomena and galactic structure.
Cordierite-bearing granulites from Ihosy, southern Madagascar: Petrology, geochronology and regional correlation of suture zones in Madagascar and India

Madagascar, a major fragment of Gondwana, is mainly composed of Precambrian basement rocks formed by Mesoarchean to Neoproterozoic tectono-thermal events and recording a Pan-African metamorphic overprint. The Ranotsara Shear Zone in southern Madagascar has been correlated with shear zones in southern India and eastern Africa in the reconstruction of the Gondwana supercontinent. Here we present detailed petrology, mineral chemistry, metamorphic P-T constraints using phase equilibrium modelling and zircon U-Pb geochronological data on high-grade metamorphic rocks from Ihosy within the Ranotsara Shear Zone. Garnet-cordierite gneiss from Ihosy experienced two stages of metamorphism. The peak mineral assemblage is interpreted as garnet + sillimanite + cordierite + quartz + plagioclase + K-feldspar + magnetite + spinel + ilmenite, which is overprinted by a retrograde mineral assemblage of biotite + garnet + cordierite + quartz + plagioclase + K-feldspar + magnetite + spinel + ilmenite. Phase equilibria modelling in the system Na_2O—CaO-K_2O-FeO-MgO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2-H_2O-TiO_2-Fe2O_3(NCKFMASHTO) indicates peak metamorphic conditions of 850-960 ℃ and 6.9-7.7 kbar, and retrograde P -Tconditions of <740 ℃ and <4.8 kbar, that define a clockwise P-T path. Near-concordant ages of detrital zircon grains in the garnet-cordierite gneiss dominantly exhibit ages between 2030 Ma and 1784 Ma, indicating dominantly Paleoproterozoic sources. The lower intercept age of 514 ± 33 Ma probably indicates the timing of high-grade metamorphism, which coincides with the assembly of the Gondwana supercontinent. The comparable rock types, zircon ages and metamorphic P-T paths between the Ranotsara Shear Zone and the Achankovil Suture Zone in southern India support an interpretation that the Ranotsara Shear Zone is a continuation of the Achankovil Suture Zone.
Recent progress on gas sensors based on graphene-like 2D/2D nanocomposites

Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have demonstrated great potential in the field of flexible gas sensing due to their inherent high specific surface areas,unique electronic properties and flexibility property.However,numerous challenges including sensitivity,selectivity,response time,recovery time,and stability have to be addressed before their practical application in gas detection field.Development of graphene-like 2D/2D nanocomposites as an efficient strategy to achieve high-performance;2D gas sensor has been reported recently.This review aims to discuss the latest advancements in the 2D/2D nanocomposites for gas sensors.We first elaborate the gas-sensing mechanisms and the collective benefits of 2D/2D hybridization as sensor materials.Then,we systematically present the current gas-sensing applications based on different categories of 2D/2D nanocomposites.Finally,we conclude the future prospect of 2D/2D nanocomposites in gas sensing applications.
Smart gas sensor arrays powered by artificial intelligence

Mobile robots behaving as humans should possess multifunctional flexible sensing systems including vision,hearing,touch,smell,and taste.A gas sensor array (GSA),also known as electronic nose,is a possible solution for a robotic olfactory system that can detect and discriminate a wide variety of gas molecules.Artificial intelligence (AI) applied to an electronic nose involves a diverse set of machine learning algorithms which can generate a smell print by analyzing the signal pattern from the GSA.A combination of GSA and AI algorithms can empower intelligent robots with great capabilities in many areas such as environmental monitoring,gas leakage detection,food and beverage production and storage,and especially disease diagnosis through detection of different types and concentrations of target gases with the advantages of portability,low-powerconsumption and ease-of-operation.It is exciting to envisage robots equipped with a "nose" acting as family doctor who will guard every family member's health and keep their home safe.In this review,we give a summary of the state-of the-art research progress in the fabrication techniques for GSAs and typical algorithms employed in artificial olfactory systems,exploring their potential applications in disease diagnosis,environmental monitoring,and explosive detection.We also discuss the key limitations of gas sensor units and their possible solutions.Finally,we present the outlook of GSAs over the horizon of smart homes and cities.
Effect of growth temperature of GaAs_xSb_(1-x) metamorphic buffer layer on electron mobility of InAs/AlSb heterostructures grown on Si substrate

The InAs/AlSb heterostructures with step-graded GaAs_xSb_(1-x) metamorphic buffer layers grown on Si substrates by molecular beam epitaxy are studied. The step-graded GaAs_xSb_(1-x) metamorphic buffer layers are used to relax the strain and block defects at each interface of the layers. Meanwhile, adding Sb to GaAs is also beneficial to suppressing the formation of dislocations in the subsequent materials. The influences of the growth temperature of the step-graded GaAs_xSb_(1-x) metamorphic buffer layer on the electron mobility and surface topography are investigated for a series of samples. Based on the atomic force microscopy (AFM), high resolution x-ray diffraction (HRXRD), reciprocal space map (RSM), and Hall measurements, the crystal quality and composition of GaAs_xSb_(1-x) layer are seen to strongly depend on growth temperature while keeping the Ga growth rate and V/III ratio constant. The results show that the highest electron mobility is 10270 cm~2/V·s and the roughness is 4.3 nm for the step-graded GaAs_xSb_(1-x) metamorphic buffer layer grown at a temperature of 410 °C.
Methodical review of the literature referred to the dye-sensitized solar cells: Bibliometrics analysis and road mapping

This study presents a systematic review of the literature pertaining to dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), in order to anticipate the direction and speed of change in technology trend. To study the general progression in DSSC research, we have assessed the evolution in annual DSSCs publications and their citations. Further, in order to identify the intellectual bases, we have also classified the journals, authors, institutes, and countries according to their scientific productivity in the field of DSSCs research during the period of 2007–2017.
High birefringence, low loss, and flattened dispersion photonic crystal fiber for terahertz application

A type of photonic crystal fiber based on Kagome lattice cladding and slot air holes in a rectangular core is investigated. Full vector finite element method is used to evaluate the modal and propagation properties of the designed fiber. High birefringence of 0.089 and low effective material loss of 0.055 cm~(-1) are obtained at 1 THz. The y-polarized fundamental mode of the designed fiber shows a flattened and near-zero dispersion of 0±0.45 ps·THz~(-1)·cm~(-1) within a broad frequency range (0.5 THz–1.5 THz). Our results provide the theory basis for applications of the designed fiber in terahertz polarization maintaining systems.
Air lasing: Phenomena and mechanisms

Air lasing is a concept that refers to remote no-cavity (mirrorless) optical amplification in ambient air with the air constituents as the gain media. Due to the high potential of air lasing in view of applications in atmospheric sensing, a variety of pumping schemes have been proposed so far for building up population-inverted gain media in air and producing forward and/or backward directional lasing emissions. This review paper presents an overview of recent advances in the experimental observations and physical understanding of air lasing in various pumping schemes of air molecules by intense laser fields. Special emphasis is given to the strong-field-induced N+ 2 air lasing, the mechanism of which is currently still in a hot debate.
Recent progress on the prediction of two-dimensional materials using CALYPSO

In recent years, structure design and predictions based on global optimization approach as implemented in CALYPSO software have gained great success in accelerating the discovery of novel two-dimensional (2D) materials. Here we highlight some most recent research progress on the prediction of novel 2D structures, involving elements, metal-free and metal-containing compounds using CALYPSO package. Particular emphasis will be given to those 2D materials that exhibit unique electronic and magnetic properties with great potentials for applications in novel electronics, optoelectronics, magnetronics, spintronics, and photovoltaics. Finally, we also comment on the challenges and perspectives for future discovery of multi-functional 2D materials.
A review of current research on spin currents and spin–orbit torques

Spintronics is a new discipline focusing on the research and application of electronic spin properties. After the discovery of the giant magnetoresistance effect in 1988, spintronics has had a huge impact on scientific progress and related applications in the development of information technology. In recent decades, the main motivation in spintronics has been efficiently controlling local magnetization using electron flow or voltage rather than controlling the electron flow using magnetization. Using spin–orbit coupling in a material can convert a charge current into a pure spin current (a flow of spin momenta without a charge flow) and generate a spin–orbit torque on the adjacent ferromagnets. The ability of spintronic devices to utilize spin-orbit torques to manipulate the magnetization has resulted in large-scale developments such as magnetic random-access memories and has boosted the spintronic research area. Here in, we review the theoretical and experimental results that have established this subfield of spintronics. We introduce the concept of a pure spin current and spin-orbit torques within the experimental framework, and we review transport-, magnetization-dynamics-, and opticalbased measurements and link then to both phenomenological and microscopic theories of the effect. The focus is on the related progress reported from Chinese universities and institutes, and we specifically highlight the contributions made by Chinese researchers.
Stabilized seventh-order dissipative compact scheme for two-dimensional Euler equations

We derive in this paper a time stable seventh-order dissipative compact finite difference scheme with simultaneous approximation terms (SATs) for solving two-dimensional Euler equations. To stabilize the scheme, the choice of penalty coefficients for SATs is studied in detail. It is demonstrated that the derived scheme is quite suitable for multi-block problems with different spacial steps. The implementation of the scheme for the case with curvilinear grids is also discussed. Numerical experiments show that the proposed scheme is stable and achieves the design seventh-order convergence rate.
从“4K淋巴清扫和神经保护中日胃肠标准解读交流会”看中日直肠癌根治术的差异与特色

由《中华消化外科杂志》编辑委员会、山西省医学会微创外科专业委员会主办,奥林巴斯公司承办的"4K淋巴清扫和神经保护中日胃肠标准解读交流会——腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术专题”于2019年1月19日在太原成功召开。
超声诊断儿童甲状腺乳头状癌1例

讨论:儿童甲状腺癌具有癌肿增长速度快、颈部淋巴结转移早等特点。儿童甲状腺癌的发病原因尚不清楚,大部分与放射性物质影响和长期过量的促甲状腺激素刺激等有关。本例患儿甲状腺形态饱满,回声不均匀,甲状腺左右叶及峡部内可见密集分布的点状强回声,超声图像特征符合弥漫硬化型甲状腺乳头状癌。弥漫硬化型甲状腺乳头状癌为甲状腺乳头状癌的特殊类型,较一般乳头状癌侵袭性强,转移早,预后差。掌握其典型声像图特征有助于临床及早检出该病,对改善患者预后意义重大。
优质高产两系杂交中稻新组合创两优茉莉占

创两优茉莉占系湖北鄂科华泰种业股份有限公司、随州新神农种业有限责任公司、湖南农大金农种业有限公司利用湖南农业大学选育的优质两系不育系创5S和恢复系茉莉占配组育成的优质两系杂交中籼新组合,具有综合抗性强、米质优、产量高等特点。2017年通过湖北省农作物品种审定委员会审定(鄂审稻2017004)。
供水管线地下检查井内死亡案件现场重建分析1例

某年12月,在某单位停车场通道中部一供水管线地下检查井内发现一男子,消防人员将其救上地面后,经“120”确认已死亡。委托人委托本中心对死者的死亡原因进行法医学鉴定。
Optimizing Emergency Logistics for the Offsite Hazardous Waste Management

Hazardous wastes pose increasing threats to people and environment during the processes of offsite collection,storage,treatment,and disposal.A novel game theoretic model,including two levels,is developed for the corresponding optimization of emergency logistics,where the upper level indicates the location and capacity problem for the regulator,and the lower level reflects the allocation problem for the emergency commander.Different from other works in the literature,we focus on the issue of multi-quality coverages (full and partial coverages) in the optimization of facility location and allocation.To be specific,the regulator decides the location plan and the corresponding capacity of storing emergency groups for multiple types of hazmats,so to minimizes the total potential environmental risk posed by incident sites;while the commander minimizes the total costs to provide an efficient allocation policy.To solve the bi-level programming model,two solution techniques,namely a KKT condition approach and a heuristic model,are designed and compared.The proposed model and solution techniques are then applied to a hypothetical case and a real-world case to demonstrate the practicality and provide managerial insights.