mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Variation of singularity of earthquake-size distribution with respect to tectonic regime

Frequency-size relation of earthquakes in a region can be approximated by the Gutenberg-Richter law (GR). This power-law model involves two parameters: a-value measuring seismic activity or earthquake productivity, and b-value describing the relation between frequencies of small and large earthquakes. The spatial and temporal variations of these two parameters, especially the b-value, have been substantially investigated. For example, it has been shown that b-value depends inversely on differential stress. The b-value has also been utilized as earthquake precursor in large earthquake prediction. However, the physical meaning and properties of b-value including its value range still remain as an open fundamental question. We explore the property of b-value from frequency-size GR model in a new form which relates average energy release and probability of large earthquakes. Based on this new form of GR relation the b-value can be related to the singularity index (1-2/3b) of fractal energy - probability power-law model. This model as applied to the global database of earthquakes with size M > 5 from 1964 to 2015 indicates a systematic increase of singularity from earthquakes occurring on mid-ocean ridges, to those in subduction zones and in collision zones.
Early Cretaceous I-type granites in the Tengchong terrane: New constraints on the late Mesozoic tectonic evolution of southwestern China

The Early Cretaceous granitoids that are widespread in the Tengchong terrane of Southwest China play a critical role in understanding the tectonic framework associated with the Tethyan oceans. In this study, we present a detailed description of zircon U-Pb ages, whole-rock geochemistry and Hf isotopes for the Laoxiangkeng pluton in the eastern Tengchong terrane and elucidate their petrogenesis and geodynamic implications. Zircon U-Pb dating of the Laoxiangkeng pluton yields ages of 114 ± 1 Ma and 115 ± 1 Ma,which imply an Early Cretaceous magmatic event. The Laoxiangkeng pluton enriched in Si and Na, is calc-alkaline and metaluminous, and has the characteristics of highly fractionated I-type granites. Zircons from the pluton have calculated εHf(r) values of -12.7 to -3.7 and two-stage model ages of 1327-1974 Ma, respectively, indicating a mixed source of partial melting of Paleo-Neoproterozoic crust-derived compositions with some inputs of mantle-derived magmas. By integrating all available data for the regional tectonic evolution of the eastern Tethys tectonic domain, we conclude that the Early Cretaceous magmatism in the Tengchong terrane was produced by the northeastward subduction of the Meso-Tethyan Bangong—Nujiang Ocean.
A numerical simulation study of CO_2 injection for enhancing hydrocarbon recovery and sequestration in liquid-rich shales

Less than 10% of oil is usually recovered from liquid-rich shales and this leaves much room for improvement,while water injection into shale formation is virtually impossible because of the extremely low permeability of the formation matrix.Injecting carbon dioxide (CO_2) into oil shale formations can potentially improve oil recovery.Furthermore,the large surface area in organicrich shale could permanently store CO_2 without jeopardizing the formation integrity.This work is a mechanism study of evaluating the effectiveness of CO_2-enhanced oil shale recovery and shale formation CO_2 sequestration capacity using numerical simulation.Petrophysical and fluid properties similar to the Bakken Formation are used to set up the base model for simulation.Result shows that the CO_2 injection could increase the oil recovery factor from 7.4% to 53%.In addition,petrophysical characteristics such as in situ stress changes and presence of a natural fracture network in the shale formation are proven to have impacts on subsurface CO_2 flow.A response surface modeling approach was applied to investigate the interaction between parameters and generate a proxy model for optimizing oil recovery and CO_2 injectivity.
Reservoir quality of fluvial sandstone reservoirs in salt-walled minibasins:an example from the Seagull field,Central Graben,North Sea,UK

The Triassic fluvial sandstones of the Skagerrak Formation were deposited in a series of salt-walled mini-basins and act as important hydrocarbon reservoirs for several high-pressure,high-temperature (HPHT) fields in the Central Graben,North Sea.The HPHT reservoirs exhibit excellent reservoir quality considering their depth of burial and hence have been of high interest for hydrocarbon exploration.This research uses a multidisciplinary approach to assess the Skagerrak Formation fluvial reservoir quality from the Seagull field incorporating core analysis,petrography,electron microscopy,XRD analysis,fluid inclusion appraisal and burial history modelling.Halokinesis and salt withdrawal at the margin of the saltwalled mini-basin induced early disaggregation bands and fractures at shallow burial and led to increased influx of meteoric water and clay mineral infiltration from overlying sedimentation.The density of disaggregation bands correlates with the occurrence and magnitude of pore-filling authigenic clay minerals,concentrated along the margin of the saltwalled mini-basin.The fluvial channel sandstones of the Skagerrak Formation are subject to strong intra-basinal spatial reservoir quality variations despite diagenesis and low vertical effective stress having played a favourable role in arresting porosity loss.
Tongxinluo Capsule (通心络胶囊) for Cardiac Syndrome X: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Tongxinluo Capsule(通心络胶囊, TXL) for patients with cardiac syndrome X(CSX). Methods: Randomized controlled trials(RCTs) regarding TXL in the treatment of CSX were searched in Chinese Biomedicine Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, Wanfang Database, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial, websites of the Chinese and International Clinical Trial Registry platform up to June 30, 2015. The intervention was either TXL alone or TXL combined with conventional treatment, while the control intervention was conventional treatment with or without placebo. Data extraction, methodological quality assessment and data analyses were performed according to the Cochrane criteria. The primary outcome was a composite event of death, acute myocardial infarction(AMI), angina requiring hospitalization, revascularization, and heart failure. The secondary outcome measures were angina symptom improvement, electrocardiograph(ECG) improvement, and serum endothelin-1(ET-1) level. The adverse events were also recorded. RevMan 5.3 software was applied for data analyses. Results: Twelve RCTs(696 patients) were included. Compared with conventional treatment, the addition of TXL to conventional treatment showed some benefits on relieving angina symptoms [risk ratio(RR): 1.46, 95% confidence interval(CI)(1.25, 1.71), P<0.01], and improving ECG [RR: 1.45, 95% CI(1.21, 1.74), P<0.01]. The pooled result did not support a benefit of TXL on reducing the incidence of primary outcome [RR: 0.20, 95% CI(0.02, 1.61), P=0.13]. In addition, TXL decreased serum ET-1 concentration of CSX patients [standardized mean number: -1.63, 95% CI(-2.29, -0.96), P<0.01]. No serious adverse events were reported. Conclusions: TXL documents potential benefits on attenuating angina symptoms, improving ECG and decreasing serum ET-1 level for CSX patients. However, more rigorous RCTs with high quality are needed to confirm its efficacy and safety.
Defining Acupuncture-Moxibustion: A Delphi Study Protocol

Background: With the worldwide use and modern development of acupuncture-moxibustion, there is disagreement on its basic definition. There has been an obstacle for clinical practice, research, and legislation. Considering this challenge, the World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies proposes to develop the definition and basic scope of acupuncture-moxibustion with a Delphi study. Methods: A reactive Delphi method will be used to ask a group of experts to rate the relevance and clarity of a predesigned initial item list. This list was generated by the steering committee through a literature review and group discussion. Forty experts will be selected from many disciplines and continents to ensure appropriate representation. Predefined rules will be applied to modify the items until a consensus is achieved. After achieving the consensus on all items through the survey round, the steering committee will form the definition and basic scope of acupuncture-moxibustion by organizing a literal statement with a detailed explanation.
Prefrontal AMPA receptors are involved in the effect of methylphenidate on response inhibition in rats

Response inhibition is a critical executive control function in many species. Deficits in response inhibition have been observed in many disorders, eg, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The stop-signal task (SST) is a unique behavior task for evaluating response inhibition via measuring the covert latency of a stop process, and it is widely used in studies of humans, nonhuman primates and rodents. Methylphenidate (MPH; Ritalin~®) is a psychostimulant that is widely used for the treatment of ADHD and that effectively improves response inhibition in individuals with ADHD and normal subjects. However, its mechanism of improving response inhibition remains unknown. In this study we adopted a rodent nose-poking version of the SST to examine response inhibition by estimating the stop signal reaction time (SSRT) in rats. Administration of MPH (1 mg/kg, sc) 25 min before the SST test exerted a baseline-dependent effect of MPH on response inhibition, ie, it shortened the SSRTs only in the rats with larger baseline SSRTs,thereby improving response inhibition in these rats. The effect of MPH on response inhibition remained 3 h after MPH administration. Co-administration of PP2 (1 mg/kg, sc), a Src-protein tyrosine kinase (Src-PTKs) inhibitor that inhibited the upregulation of glutamate receptor expression on the plasma membrane of the prefrontal cortex (PFC),abolished the MPH-caused improvement in response inhibition. Furthermore, intra-PFC infusion of a selective AMPAR antagonist. NASPM (0.3 mmol/L,per side) via stainless guide cannulas implanted earlier abolished the effect of MPH on SSRT. These results suggest that AMPA receptors in the PFC are involved in the effect of MPH on response inhibition in rats.
空间3-DOF柔性并联微动平台运动学分析

提出了一种空间3-DOF柔性并联微动平台,该平台共有三个支链,每个支链均有一个球副,一个移动副和一个转动副组成的混合副。根据封闭环矢量法建立运动学模型,并求得微动平台的运动学逆解;然后根据动平台的几何关系,求得微动平台的运动学正解;并且对微动平台的速度进行了分析,得到速度的雅可比矩阵;最后,利用Adams对微动平台进行了运动学仿真分析。
双向调节思想在慢性肾炎蛋白尿论治中的应用

慢性肾炎蛋白尿病情多迁延难愈或反复发作,易导致终末期肾脏病,西医疗效不容忽视,但仍存在一些治疗的局限性如显著的毒副反应,中医药辨治体系的介入为相关治疗提供了新的视角,但传统论治肾炎蛋白尿的方法在临床已难以取得满意疗效。双向调节思想是指不仅按照常规思路正治还要“反向”论治,采取与以往理论、常规经验、常规治法相反或不同的治法,从病因病机病位治疗等不同着眼点,探究肾炎蛋白尿的机理,补充传统角度论治肾炎蛋白尿的不足,以期取得更好的临床疗效。
玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除去除黄斑表面粘附硅油滴四例

硅油作为玻璃体填充物在治疗复杂性视网膜脱离(RD)中有重要作用.但由于硅油的表面张力较空气低,故会发生乳化.乳化的硅油通常聚集在前房,偶尔可见粘附于角膜内皮、后囊表面以及视网膜表面,导致白内障、青光眼等并发症.硅油滴粘附于黄斑表面较为罕见,因其光感受器细胞毒性及视力损伤作用,需在手术中完全去除.当硅油滴粘附于黄斑表面时,因其粘连非常紧密,无法简单的通过气液交换、玻璃体切割头或笛针去除硅油滴.本研究采用玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除的手术技术,安全有效地完全去除了紧密粘连于黄斑表面的硅油滴.现将结果报道如下.
抗组胺H_1受体药在儿童常见过敏性疾病中应用的专家共识

抗组胺H1受体药物是抗组胺药物之一,可分为第一代和第二代。第一代药物为传统抗组胺药物,主要用于荨麻疹、过敏性皮炎、过敏性鼻炎等疾病的治疗。这类药物于20世纪40年代进入临床,代表药物如扑尔敏、苯海拉明、赛庚啶、羟嗪等。由于其易透过血脑屏障,具有镇静作用,与组胺H1受体结合缺乏选择性,不良反应较多。第二代抗组胺H1受体药又称为非镇静抗组胺药,于20世纪80年代问世,代表药物有氯雷他定、地氯雷他定、西替利嗪、非索非那定、依巴斯汀等。该类药具有H1受体选择性高、无镇静及抗胆碱作用、中枢神经系统不良反应少等特点。
Electrodeposition and characterization of Cu_2O thin films using sodium thiosulfate as an additive for photovoltaic solar cells

Cuprous oxide (Cu_2O) thin films have been grown by electrodeposition technique onto ITO-coated glass substrates fromaqueous copper acetate solutions with addition of sodiumthiosulfate at 60 °C. The effects of sodium thiosulfate on the electrochemical deposition of Cu_2O films were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry techniques. Deposited films were obtained at –0.58 V vs. SCE and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and optical, photoelectrochemical and electricalmeasurements. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the synthesized Cu_2O films had a pure cubic phasewith a marked preferential orientation peak along (200) plane andwith lattice constants a=b=c=0.425 nm. FTIR results confirmed the presence of Cu_2O films at peak 634 cm~(-1). SEM images of Cu_2O films showed a better compactness and spherical-shaped composition. Optical properties of Cu_2O films reveal a high optical transmission (N80%) and high absorption coefficient (α N 104 cm~(-1)) in visiblelight region. The optical energy band gap was found to be 2.103 eV. Photoelectrochemical measurements indicated that Cu_2O films had n-type semiconductor conduction,which confirmed by Hall Effect measurements. Electrical properties of Cu_2O films showed a low electrical resistivity of 61.30 Ω·cm~(-1), carrier concentration of–4.94× 10~(15) cm~(–3) andmobility of 20.61 cm~2·V~(-1)·s~(–1). The obtainedCu_2O thinfilmswith suitable properties are promising semiconductor material for fabrication of photovoltaic solar cells.
A new nanocluster polyoxomolybdate [Mo_(36)O_(110)(NO)_4(H_2O)_(14)]·52H_2O: Synthesis, characterization and application in oxidative degradation of common organic dyes

Polyoxomolybdate [Mo_(36)O_(110)(NO)_4(H_2O)_(14)]·52H_2O was synthesized by a simple one-pot procedure through reducing an acidified mixture of Na_2MoO_4·2H_2O and NH_2OH·HCl. In order to create a heterogeneous catalyst system, the polyoxomolybdate was pillared with MgAl-LDH-NO_3 by direct ion exchange. These novel materials were carefully analyzed by various chemico-physical methods. The catalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) and rhodamine B (RB) as common dyes in the presence ofMgAl-LDH-1 nanoparticleswith aqueous hydrogen peroxide,H_2O_2, as an oxidizing agentwas studied in aqueous solution at roomtemperature.More importantly, the catalyst can be recovered and reused efficiently up to five consecutive cycles with negligible loss of catalytic activity.
Some Numerical Quadrature Schemes of a Non-conforming Quadrilateral Finite Element

Numerical quadrature schemes of a non-conforming finite element method for general second order elliptic problems in two dimensional (2-D) and three dimensional (3-D) space are discussed in this paper. We present and analyze some optimal numerical quadrature schemes. One of the schemes contains only three sampling points, which greatly improves the efficiency of numerical computations. The optimal error estimates are derived by using some traditional approaches and techniques. Lastly, some numerical results are provided to verify our theoretical analysis.
低品位氧化锌矿浸出研究

针对含铁高的低品位氧化锌矿石,考察了浸出方法、浸出剂、浸出剂初始浓度、液固比、浸出时间和浸出温度等因素对锌、铁浸出率的影响。研究结果表明,碱性浸出时锌浸出率不到50%,铁浸出率在0.1%以下,锌浸出率低的主要原因是部分锌以类质同象形式存在于铁矿物之中;硫酸浸出时锌浸出率可达84%以上,但铁的浸出率也在30%以上。
中西结合治疗全身炎症反应综合征患者疗效观察

目的:探讨中西结合对全身炎症反应综合征(SIRS)患者核因子κB和C反应蛋白(CRP)表达的影响。方法:40例SIRS患者随机分为中西结合治疗组和常规治疗对照组,各20例。中西结合治疗组在常规治疗基础上给予血必净注射液100 mL静脉滴注,2次/d,连用10 d。分别于治疗前及治疗后第3、7、10天时取两组患者静脉血,检测外周血单核细胞核因子κB的活性和血清CRP水平,观察两组患者APACHEⅢ评分变化。以20例健康志愿者血清核因子κB和CRP水平作为正常对照。结果:治疗前各治疗组患者血清核因子κB活性和CRP水平均显著高于健康对照组(P<0.05),但两组患者间核因子κB活性和CRP水平无显著性差异(P>0.05);治疗后第3、7、10天两组患者血清核因子κB活性和CRP水平较治疗前逐步下降(P<0.05);血必净治疗组患者核因子κB活性、CRP水平下降较常规治疗组更显著(P<0.05)。核因子κB活性与CRP水平及APACHEⅢ评分均呈明显正相关(P<0.01)。结论:中西结合治疗能显著降低SIRS患者核因子κB活性和CRP水平,减轻SIRS患者体内氧化应激和炎症反应,从而缓解临床症状,改善疾病预后。
Glyoxylate Reductase Isoform 1 is Localized in the Cytosol and Not Peroxisomes in Plant Cells

Glyoxylate reductase (GLYR) is a key enzyme in plant metabolism which catalyzes the detoxification of both photorespiratory glyoxylate and succinic semialdehdye, an intermediate of the γ-aminobutyrate (GABA) pathway. Two isoforms of GLYR exist in plants, GLYR1 and GLYR2, and while GLYR2 is known to be localized in plastids, GLYR1 has been reported to be localized in either peroxisomes or the cytosol. Here, we reappraised the intracellular localization of GLYR1 in Arabidopsis thaliana L. Heynh (ecotype Lansberg erecta) using both transiently-transformed suspension cells and stably-transformed plants, in combination with fluorescence microscopy. The results indicate that GLYR1 is localized exclusively to the cytosol regardless of the species, tissue and/or cell type, or exposure of plants to environmental stresses that would increase flux through the GABA pathway. Moreover, the C-terminal tripeptide sequence of GLYR1, -SRE, despite its resemblance to a type 1 peroxisomal targeting signal, is not sufficient for targeting to peroxisomes. Collectively, these results define the cytosol as the intracellular location of GLYR1 and provide not only important insight to the metabolic roles of GLYR1 and the compartmentation of the GABA and photorespiratory pathways in plant cells, but also serve as a useful reference for future studies of proteins proposed to be localized to peroxisomes and/or the cytosol.
腰方肌腰髂肋肌痉挛型脑瘫的临床征候及手术治疗

总之,腰方肌、腰髂肋肌痉挛在下肢痉挛型脑瘫病例中发生率不低,形成了一个独特的临床症候群。手术治疗疗效取决于手术前肢体瘫痪的综合定性分析、合理的手术矫治和切实的手术后矫姿与功能康复训练。
生长分化因子5在椎间盘退行性变疾病中的研究进展

长年劳损、慢性疾病或脊柱外伤等造成的椎间盘退行性变疾病(intervertebral disc degeneration disease,IDD)为临床的常见病和多发病,是引起下腰痛的主要病因。传统的治疗方法包括非手术保守治疗和手术治疗,虽然在一定程度上可缓解临床症状,但不能解决根本问题,还会引起相应的并发症。椎间盘细胞自我修复能力也极为有限,许多促进其再生和修复的方法不太令人满意。近年来研究发现,生长分化因子5(growth and differentiation factor - 5,GDF5)除了参与调节骨骼系统正常发生和发育,修复受损的骨、软骨、关节、肌腱、韧带、神经、血管、牙组织以外,还能有效修复退变的椎间盘。因其能促进椎间盘细胞蛋白多糖及Ⅱ胶原mRNA的表达,增加细胞外基质(extracellular matrix,ECM)的合成,在延缓甚至逆转IDD领域已被大量研究。本文综述了近年来GDF5及其在IDD中的研究进展。
滇池入湖河流“十一五”综合整治效果分析

滇池是中国"三河三湖"治理的重点湖泊之一,是中国著名的高原淡水湖泊。"十一五"期间,昆明市政府加大对滇池入湖河流的综合整治力度。纳入水质监测的29条主要入湖河流中,通过分析综合污染指数和有机污染指数,评价"十一五"期间的入湖河流水污染综合整治效果。结果表明,经过大力整治,滇池大部分主要入湖河流的水质改善明显,综合污染指数和有机污染指数均大幅下降,河流污染整治效果显著;但部分河流的综合污染指数和有机污染指数仍明显升高,河流水质有进一步恶化趋势,入湖河流综合整治工作仍任重而道远。
Brief report Association between the eNOS gene polymorphisms and rheumatoid arthritis risk in a northern Chinese population

Background Several genetic polymorphisms in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene are associated with the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The objective of the present study was to investigate whether the two SNPs (T-786C and G894T) of the eNOS gene are associated with rheumatoid arthritis risk in a northern Chinese population. Methods In this study, the eNOS genes T-786C and G894T were studied in 196 cases with rheumatoid arthritis and 201 healthy controls with gender, age and ethnicity matched. The two SNPs were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The analyses of association were statistically compared using the chi-square test with SPSS software for Windows. Results The frequency of the -786C allele was significantly higher in the rheumatoid arthritis patients than in the healthy controls (19.64% vs. 14.18%, P <0.05). However, the 894T allele of the eNOS gene was not increased in the rheumatoid arthritis patients compared to the healthy controls. Conclusions Individuals with the -786CC genotype have an increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis. Further study with an increased sample size is necessary for the study of the role of this SNP in rheumatoid arthritis.
New Generalizations of Migdal–Kadanoff Bond-Moving Recursion Procedures and Their Applications

Considering in symmetrical half-length bond operations, we present in this paper two types of newly-developed generalizations of the remarkable Migdal–Kadanoff bond-moving renormalization group transformation recursion procedures. The predominance in application of these generalized procedures are illustrated by making use of them to study the critical behavior of the spin-continuous Gaussian model constructed on the typical translational invariant lattices and fractals respectively. Results such as the correlation length critical exponents obtained by these means are found to be in good conformity with the classical results from other previous studies.
盐地碱蓬内生中度嗜盐菌

植物内生菌已经成为我国微生物领域研究的热点之一~([1]),对植物内生细菌的研究不仅丰富了内生菌的生理类群及数量,而且探索了内生菌与植物的相互关系;同时也发现了一些新分类地位的菌株。目前,关于植物内生极端微生物的研究较少,本刊2012年第2期刊登了崔春晓、夏志洁等发表的文章“盐地碱蓬内生中度嗜盐菌的分离与系统发育多样性分析”~([2]),作者根据盐地碱蓬内生境高盐的特点,从中不仅分离出多株具有新分类地位的中度嗜盐菌,而且新分离菌株在系统发育上也呈现出丰富的遗传多样性。
河西走廊盐碱土壤中的微生物

随着国家西部战略的推进和可持续生态农业发展的要求,开展盐碱化土壤的综合治理十分迫切。甘肃河西走廊地区地理位置特殊,由于灌溉水的增加,土体内水盐运动加快,加之蒸发量大,盐分表聚,土壤发生盐渍化现象十分普遍~([1])。已有对盐碱地改良行为的研究一般只考虑土壤类型、水分、pH、施肥、植被等非微生物学因素,对于盐碱地土壤中微生物种群结构、优势菌群及在土壤盐碱化过程中微生物和土壤理化因子之间的交互影响,至今没有系统研究,对影响土壤改良行为的微生物学因素缺乏足够的认识。
1例凝血因子Ⅺ缺乏症的基因突变研究

目的研究1例凝血因子Ⅺ(FⅪ)缺乏症患者的基因突变,揭示其分子发病机制。方法应用凝固时间法测定患者血浆活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、凝血酶时间(TT)、纤维蛋白原含量(Fbg)、凝血因子Ⅷ促凝活性(FⅧ∶C)、凝血因子Ⅸ促凝活性(FⅨ∶C)、FⅪ促凝活性(FⅪ∶C)及凝血因子Ⅻ促凝活性(FⅫ∶C);采用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)扩增产物直接测序的方法对患者FⅪ基因进行直接检测,鉴别其中可能存在的基因变异。结果患者血浆中APTT、PT、TT、Fbg含量、FⅧ∶C、FⅨ∶C、FⅪ∶C及FⅫ:C分别为64.2s、12.8s、17.9s、3.8g/L、87.4%、71.2%、16.6%及80.2%,其FⅪ基因第13号外显子编码482位氨基酸的碱基发生杂合性的错义突变TGC→TGG(Cys482Trp)。结论Cys482Trp的杂合突变可能是导致患者FⅪ缺乏的分子发病机制。
Design and Fabrication of a Monolithic Optoelectronic Integrated Circuit Chip Based on CMOS Compatible Technology

A monolithic optoelectronic integrated circuit chip on a silicon-on-insulator is designed and fabricated based on complementary metal oxide semiconductor compatible technology. The chip integrates an optical Mach–Zehnder modulator (MZM) and a CMOS driving circuit with the amplification function. Test results show that the extinction ratio of the MZM is close to 20 dB and the small-signal gain of the CMOS driving circuit is about 26.9 dB. A 50mV 10MHz sine wave signal is amplified by the driving circuit, and then drives the MZM successfully.
Fermi-Decay Law of Bose–Einstein Condensate Trapped in an Anharmonic Potential

The Fermi-decay law of Bose–Einstein condensate, which is trapped by a cigar-shaped anharmonic trap and subjected to a weak random perturbation, is investigated by numerically calculating quantum fidelity (Loschmidt echo), to reveal the coherence loss of the condensate. We find that there are three indispensable factors, anharmonic trap, weak random perturbation and nonlinear interaction, in charging of the Fermi-decay law. The anharmonic trap creates anharmonic oscillations, and the weak random perturbation causes coherence loss by disturbing their coherent oscillations, while the nonlinear interaction enhances the loss to the Fermi-decay law. Based on the Fermi-decay law, some suggestions are presented to prolong the coherent time during coherently manipulating condensates.
The Or Gene Enhances Carotenoid Accumulation and Stability During Post-Harvest Storage of Potato Tubers

Provitamin A carotenoids in staple crops are not very stable during storage and their loss compromises nutritional quality. To elucidate the fundamental mechanisms underlying carotenoid accumulation and stability, we investigated transgenic potato tubers that expressed the cauliflower Orange (Or) gene. We found that the Or transgene not only promoted retention of b-carotene level, but also continuously stimulated its accumulation during 5 months of cold storage. In contrast, no increased levels of carotenoids were observed in the tubers of vector-only controls or a yellowflesh variety during the same period of storage. The increased carotenoid accumulation was found to be associated with the formation of lipoprotein–carotenoid sequestering structures, as well as with the enhanced abundance of phytoene synthase, a key enzyme in the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway. Furthermore, the provitamin A carotenoids stored were shown to be stable during simulated digestion and accessible for uptake by human intestinal absorptive cells. Proteomic analysis identified three major functional groups of proteins (i.e. heat shock proteins, glutathione-S-transferases, and carbohydrate metabolic proteins) that are potentially important in the Or-regulated carotenoid accumulation. Our results show that regulation of carotenoid sequestration capacity is an important mechanism by which carotenoid stability is regulated. Our findings suggest that induction of a proper sink structure formation in staple crops may provide the crops with a unique ability to promote and/or stabilize provitamin A accumulation during plant growth and post-harvest storage.