mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Evolution of spiral wave and pattern formation in a vortical polarized electric field

In this paper, the evolution of the pattern transition induced by the vortical electric field (VEF) is investigated. Firstly, a scheme is suggested to generate the VEF by changing the spatial magnetic field. Secondly, the VEF is imposed on the whole medium, and the evolutions of the spiral wave and the spatiotemporal chaos are investigated by using the numerical simulation. The result confirms that the drift and the breakup of the spiral wave and the new net-like pattern are observed when different polarized fields are imposed on the whole medium respectively. Finally, the pattern transition induced by the polarized field is discussed theoretically.
Reflection of Electromagnetic Waves by a Nonuniform Plasma Layer Covering a Metal Surface

Reflection coefficients of electromagnetic waves in a nonuniform plasma layer with electrons, positive ions and negative ions, covering a metal surface are investigated by using the finite-difference-time-domain method. It is shown that the reflection coefficients are influenced greatly by the density gradient on the layer edge, layer thickness and electron proportion, i.e., the effect of the negative ions. It is also found that low reflection or high attenuation can be reached by properly choosing high electron proportion, thick plasma layer, and smooth density gradient in the low frequency regime, but sharp density gradient in the high frequency regime.
Effect of Annealing Temperature on Structural and Optical Properties of N-Doped ZnO Films

Nitrogen-doped ZnO (ZnO:N) films are prepared by thermal oxidation of sputtered Zn3N2 layers on Al_2O_3 substrates. The correlation between the structural and optical properties of ZnO:N films and annealing temperatures is investigated. X-ray diffraction result demonstrates that the as-sputtered Zn_3N_2 films are transformed into ZnO:N films after annealing above 600° C. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals that nitrogen has two chemical states in the ZnO:N films: the NO acceptor and the double donor (N_2)O. Due to the No acceptor, the hole concentration in the film annealed at 700° C is predicted to be highest, which is also confirmed by Hall effect measurement. In addition, the temperature dependent photoluminescence spectra allow to calculate the nitrogen acceptor binding energy.
HPHT Synthesis of Micron Grade Boron-Doped Diamond Single Crystal in Fe-Ni-C-B Systems

Micron grade boron-doped diamond crystals with octahedral morphology are successfully synthesized in a Fe—Ni—C—B system under high pressure and high temperature (HPHT). The effects of the additive boron on synthesis conditions, nucleation and growth, crystal morphology of diamond are studied. The synthesized micron grade diamond crystals were characterized by optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. The research results show that the V-shaped section of synthetic diamond moves downwards to the utmost extent due to 0.3a wt% (a is a constant.) boron added in the synthesis system. The crystal colour is black, and the average crystal size is about 25 μm. The crystal faces of synthetic diamond are mainly {111} face. The synthesis of this kind of diamond is few reported, and it will have important and widely applications.
Preparation and Characterization of BPO Film as Electrode for Using of FeRAM

Conductive perovskite BaPbO3 (BPO) films as a potential electrode material of PZT capacitors used in ferroelectric random access memory are prepared by rf magnetron sputtering. An x-ray diffractometer and standard four probe method are employed to investigate the dependence of growth conditions on crystal structure and conductivity of BPO films. It is found that BPO films with perovskite phase can be obtained at substrate temperatures above 425° C, and the sample with the lowest resistivity is obtained at 450° C under pure argon atmosphere. Using this BPO film as electrode, ferroelectric properties of BPO/PZT/BPO and Pt/PZT/BPO sandwiched structures are evaluated. Their remanent polarization and coercive field are 36.6μC/cm~2 (81.3kV/cm) and 36.9μC/cm~2 (89.1 kV/cm), respectively. The coercive field of the former structure is lower than that of the latter, but remanent polarizations are almost the same. In addition, the results imply that BPO electrode is helpful to improve the fatigue resistance of PZT.
Storm-Time Strong Field-Aligned Ion Upflow in Region of the SED Plume

We report the observations from the GPS TEC and DMSP F-13 satellites showing that very strong upward field-aligned (FA) ion velocity and flux in the outer region of the storm-enhanced density (SED) occurred in the event of the geomagnetic storm on 29–31 May 2003. By a method of coordinate transformation, upward FA ion velocities in excess of 250 m/s are obtained from the observations of the DMSP F-13 satellite. Further, an FA ion flux is estimated to be about 4.5 × 10~(13) ions/m~2s in the dusk sector. The estimated FA ion velocity and flux provide a powerful direct proof to support the scenario that there is a strong coupling of particles between the ionosphere and plasmasphere in the region of the SED plume. In the process, FA ion flux transports from the ionosphere to the plasmasphere in the region of the SED plume. Therefore, the plume of SED in the ionosphere provides an important source to the enhanced density of O~+ in the storm-time plasmasphere.
Statefinder Diagnostic for Born—Infeld Type Dark Energy Model

Using a new method called the statefinder diagnostics which can make one dark energy model differ from the others, we investigate the dynamics of Born–Infeld (B-I) type dark energy model. The evolution trajectory of B-I type dark energy with Mexican hat potential model with respect to e-folding time N is shown in the r(s) diagram. When the parameter of noncanonical kinetic energy term η → 0 or kinetic energy 2 → 0, the B-I type dark energy (K-essence) model reduces to the quintessence model or the ΛCDM model corresponding to the statefinder pair {r,s} = {1,0} respectively. As a result, the evolution trajectory of our model in the r(s) diagram in Mexican hat potential is quite different from those of other dark energy models. The current values of parameters Ω and ω in this model meet the latest observations WMAP5 well.
A Formula of Propagating Beams Driven by Few-Cycle Gaussian Pulse in Dispersive Media

A formula is developed to describe the propagation of beams driven by few-cycle Gaussian pulse in a media with group velocity dispersion (GVD). With the method, the spatiotemporal evolution of the pulsed beam can be straightforwardly quantified as long as the monochromatic beam solutions in free space, which have been widely investigated in previous works, are known. The method makes it possible to analytically deal with the few-cycle pulsed beams with transverse profiles other than the Gaussian one, which is, to our knowledge, the one mainly investigated previously, in GVD media.
Analysis on B → VV with the Flavour SU(3) Symmetry

It is noted that the rescattering and annihilation effects are significant in the penguin-dominant B → VV decays. In this work, we suggest to use a unique operator at the quark level to describe all the rescattering and the penguin-induced annihilation effects in B → K*, and the coefficient of the operator depends on the polarizations of the produced mesons. By the flavour SU(3) symmetry, we apply the same scenario to all the penguin-dominant B → VV modes.
Micro thermal shear stress sensor based on vacuum anodic bonding and bulk-micromachining

This paper describes a micro thermal shear stress sensor with a cavity underneath, based on vacuum anodic bonding and bulk micromachined technology. A Ti/Pt alloy strip, 2μm × 100μm, is deposited on the top of a thin silicon nitride diaphragm and functioned as the thermal sensor element. By using vacuum anodic bonding and bulk-si anisotropic wet etching process instead of the sacrificial-layer technique, a cavity, functioned as the adiabatic vacuum chamber, 200μm × 200μm × 400μm, is placed between the silicon nitride diaphragm and glass (Corning 7740). This method totally avoid adhesion problem which is a major issue of the sacrificial-layer technique.
Topological Aspects of Superconductors at Dual Point

We study the properties of the Ginzburg–Landau model at the dual point for the superconductors. By making use of the U(1) gauge potential decomposition and the -mapping theory, we investigate the topological inner structure of the Bogomol'nyi equations and deduce a modified decoupled Bogomol'nyi equation with a nontrivial topological term, which is ignored in conventional model. We find that the nontrivial topological term is closely related to the N-vortex, which arises from the zero points of the complex scalar field. Furthermore, we establish a relationship between Ginzburg–Landau free energy and the winding number.
Interaction Between Line Soliton and Algebraic Soliton for Asymmetric Nizhnik Novikov–Veselov–Equation

Starting from the variable separation approach, the algebraic soliton solution and the solution describing the interaction between line soliton and algebraic soliton are obtained by selecting appropriate seed solution for (2+1)-dimensional ANNV equation. The behaviors of interactions are discussed in detail both analytically and graphically. It is shown that there are two kinds of singular interactions between line soliton and algebraic soliton: 1) the resonant interaction where the algebraic soliton propagates together with the line soliton and persists infinitely; 2) the extremely repulsive interaction where the algebraic soliton affects the motion of the line soliton infinitely apart.
Conformal Ricci Collineations of Static Spherically Symmetric Spacetimes

Conformal Ricci collineations of static spherically symmetric spacetimes are studied. The general form of the vector fields generating conformal Ricci collineations is found when the Ricci tensor is non-degenerate, in which case the number of independent conformal Ricci collineations is 15, the maximum number for four-dimensional manifolds. In the degenerate case it is found that the static spherically symmetric spacetimes always have an infinite number of conformal Ricci collineations. Some examples are provided which admit non-trivial conformal Ricci collineations, and perfect fluid source of the matter.
Scheme to Implement Optimal Asymmetric Economical Phase-Covariant Quantum Cloning in Cavity QED

We propose an experimentally feasible scheme to implement the optimal asymmetric economical 1 → 2 phase-covariant quantum cloning in two dimensions based on the cavity QED technique. The protocol is very simple and only two atoms are required. Our scheme is insensitive to the cavity field states and cavity decay. During the processes, the cavity is only virtually excited and it thus greatly prolongs the efficient decoherent time. Therefore, it may be realized in experiment.
Quantum Teleportation Through a Two-Qubit Heisenberg XXZ Chain

We consider a two-qubit Heisenberg XXZ chain as a resource for quantum teleportation via the standard teleportation protocol T0. The effects of anisotropic on teleportation fidelity and entanglement are studied in detail. We find anisotropic not only improves the critical temperature T_c and critical magnetic field B_c, beyond which quantum teleportation is inferior to classical communication protocol, but also enhances the fidelity for fixed magnetic field B and temperature T. For entanglement teleportation, the effects of magnetic field on average fidelity and output entanglement are studied.
Weakly Noether Symmetry for Nonholonomic Systems of Chetaev's Type

In the paper [J. of Beijing Institute of Technology 26 (2006) 285] the authors provided the definition of weakly Noether symmetry. We now discuss the weakly Noether symmetry for non-holonomic system of Chetaev's type, and present expressions of three kinds of conserved quantities by weakly Noether symmetry. Finally, the application of this new result is shown by a practical example.
Advances in dynamics and control of tethered satellite systems

The concept of tethered satellite system (TSS) promises to revolutionize many aspects of space exploration and exploitation. It provides not only numerous possible and valuable applications, but also challenging and interesting problems related to their dynamics, control, and physical implementation. Over the past decades, this exciting topic has attracted significant attention from many researchers and gained a vast number of analytical, numerical and experimental achievements with a focus on the two essential aspects of both dynamics and control. This review article presents the historic background and recent hot topics for the space tethers, and introduces the dynamics and control of TSSs in a progressive manner, from basic operating principles to the state-of-the-art achievements.
Trends in Suicide by Poisoning in China 2000-2006: Age, Gender,Method, and Geography

Objective This study analyzed patterns of suicide and suicide attempts by poisoning as reported through a national poison control system for the purpose of improving intervention and prevention. Methods During the period of 2000 to 2006, 6440 cases of poisoning suicide were reported to the telephone consultation service system of The National Center for Poisoning Control (Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention). Among these records, 4728 cases had completed data for this analysis in terms of age, sex, trend of time and location, and type of poisons. Results There were 60.6% female cases with the age from 10 to 90 years old. The age of cases from 20 to 39 years accounted for 54.5% of all age groups. Both the numbers and percentage in record related to poisoning consultation of oral poisoning suicide showed an increasing tendency during the 7 years. In particular, there was a drastic increase from 2004 to 2006. In addition, the high frequency of cases occurred from May to October. Hebei, Shandong, Henan, and Anhui Provinces had the highest number of cases. Pesticide poisonings were the most cormmon method in these cases of consultation for suicide and suicide attempts. Conclusion This study describes epidemiological characteristics in the oral poisoning suicide cases and provides scientific basis for suicide prevention interventions.
Renal Protective Activity of Hsian-tsao Extracts in Diabetic Rats

Objective To investigate the renal protective activity of Hsian-tsao Mesona procumbens Hemsl. water extracts in diabetic rats. Methods Thirty Sprague-dawley female rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=10 each), "control group" with intraperitoneal saline injection, "diabetic group" with 60 mg of intraperitoneal streptozotocin injection per kg of body weight and "Hsian-tsao group" with intragastric administration of Hsian-tsao extraction everyday for 4 weeks after intraperitoneal streptozotocin injection. The body weight and blood sugar were measured before and after model induction in the three groups. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) expressions in the kidney were monitored by immunohistochemistry. Kidney ultrastructural changes were also analyzed by using transmission electron microscopy. Results Before diabetic model induction, there were no significant differences among the three groups in body weight and blood sugar. Four weeks after the induction of diabetes, the differences became statistically significant. Electron microscopy also revealed disruption of the foot processes of the podocytes and other damages in diabetic group. These damages were significantly less severe in Hsian-tsao group when compared with the diabetic group. TSP-1 expressions in the kidney were significantly increased in both the diabetic group and Hsian-tsao group, but it was relatively lower in Hsian-tsao group than in diabetic group. Conclusion Our results showed that Hsian-tsao treatment in the diabetic rats effectively prevented the pathological alterations in the kidney and decreased the TSP-1 expression. It was suggested that Hsian-tsao had protective effect on the kidneys of the diabetic rats.
Photolysis of mono- through deca-chlorinated biphenyls by ultraviolet irradiation in n-hexane and quantitative structure-property relationship analysis

The photolysis of 16 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) (including mono- through deca-chlorinated) in n-hexane was investigated under ultraviolet irradiation using a 500-W high-pressure mercury lamp. Photolysis of PCBs follows pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics, with photolysis rate constants ranging between 0.0011 s~(-1) for PCB-52 and 0.0574 s~(-1) for PCB-118. The degradation rates of PCBs by high-pressure mercury lamp irradiation were remarkably independent with respect to the degree of chlorination. Furthermore, partial least squares (PLS) models were developed to provide insight into which aspect of the molecular structure influenced PCB photolysis rate constants. It was found that the photolysis rates of PCBs increased with an increase in the net charge on the carbon atom (qC), (E_(LUMO)–E_(HOMO))~2, and the Y-axis dipole moment (μ_y) values, or the decrease in the energy of the second highest occupied molecular orbital (E_(HOMO-1)), energy of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (E_(LUMO)), E_(LUMO) + E_(HOMO), E_(LUMO) – E_(HOMO), most positive atomic charge (q~+), and the twist angle of the chlorine atom (TA) values.
Heavy metal pollution in intertidal sediments from Quanzhou Bay, China

The concentrations of eight heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, Hg, and As) in the intertidal surface sediments from Quanzhou Bay were determined to evaluate their levels and spatial distribution due to urbanization and economic development of Quanzhou region, southeast China. The ranges of the measured concentrations in the sediments are as follows: 24.8–119.7 mg/kg for Cu, 105.5–241.9 mg/kg for Zn, 34.3–100.9 mg/kg for Pb, 0.28–0.89 mg/kg for Cd, 51.1–121.7 mg/kg for Cr, 16.1–45.7 mg/kg for Ni, 0.17–0.74 mg/kg for Hg, and 17.7–30.2 mg/kg for As. The overall average concentrations of above metals exceed the primary standard criteria but meet the secondary standard criteria of the Chinese National Standard of Marine Sediment Quality. Several contents of Cu and Hg exceed the secondary standard criteria at some stations. The results of geoaccumulation index (I_(geo)) show that Cd causes strong pollution in most of the study area. There are no significant correlations among most of these heavy metals, indicating they have different anthropogenic and natural sources. Some locations present severe pollution by heavy metals depending on the sources, of which sewage outlets, aquatic breeding, and commercial ports are the main sources of contaminants to the area.
Preliminary study on treatment of waste organic matter from livestock by bacteria-mineral technology

The present study dealt with relationships between the degradation and humification process that the organic matter underwent during bacteria-mineral technology. An inverse correlation was found between the protein, lipid, and some of the humification indices considered, suggesting that the humification theory is actually humic substances produced from simple-structured natural organic substrates. Weight-average molecular weight (M_w), number-average molecular weight (M_n), and the ratio M_w/M_n of dissolved organic matters at different stages of the process were measured by gel permeation chromatography. The results showed that M_n and M_w increased with reaction time from 352 to 17,191, and from 78,707 to 104,564, respectively. The ratio of M_n/M_w decreased from 223.3 to 6.1. This reflected the growth of the polymerization degree of dissolvable organic matters in the process; furthermore, it indicated the formation of complex molecules (humic substances) from more simple molecules. Bacteria-mineral water (BMW) (the effluent of the process) treatments can exert hormone-like activity for enhanced seed germination of wheat and rice and greatly improved chlorophyll synthesis in wheat and rice leaves. Major polyamines (plant regulators) putrescine, spermidine, and spermine, were found in BMW by a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method, which may explain the hormone-like activity of BMW.
Identification of WSB1 gene as an important regulator in the development of zebrafish embryo during midblastula transition

To uncover novel genes potentially involved in embryo development, especially at the midblastula transition (MBT) phase in the developing embryo of zebrafish, Affymetrix zebrafish GeneChip microarray analysis was carried out on the expression of 14,900 gene transcripts. The results of the analysis showed that 360 genes were clearly up-regulated and 119 genes were markedly down-regulated. Many of these genes were involved in transcription factor activity, nucleic acid binding, and cell growth. The present study showed that significant changes in transcript abundance occurred during the MBT phase. The expression of eight of these 479 genes was identified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis, confirming the microarray results. The WSB1 gene, found to be down-regulated by the microarray and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses, was selected for further study. Sequence analysis of the WSB1 gene showed that it encodes a protein with 75% identity to the corresponding active human orthologs. In addition, WSB1 gene expression was detected at a higher level at 2 h post fertilization and at a lower level at 4 h post fertilization, consistent with the chip results. Overexpression of the WSB1 gene can result in the formation of abnormalities in embryos, as determined by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. The present study showed unequivocally that the occurrence of WSB1 expression is an important event during the MBT phase in the development of zebrafish embryos.
On the Ricci curvature of a Randers metric of isotropic S -curvature

We derive the integral inequality of a Randers metric with isotropic S-curvature in terms of its navigation representation. Using the obtained inequality we give some rigidity results under the condition of Ricci curvature. In particular, we show the following result: Assume that an n-dimensional compact Randers manifold (M, F) has constant S-curvature c. Then (M, F) must be Riemannian if its Ricci curvature satisfies that Ric < -(n - 1)c~2.
Assessment of genetic variation in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) inbred lines using SSR molecular markers

A study was conducted to determine the genetic diversity of 39 determinate and indeterminate tomato inbred lines collected from China, Japan, S. Korea, and USA. Using 35 SSR polymorphic markers, a total of 150 alleles were found with moderate levels of diversity, and a high number of unique alleles existing in these tomato lines. The mean number of alleles per locus was 4.3 and the average poly-morphism information content (PIC) was 0.31. Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) clustering at genetic similarity value of 0.85 grouped the inbred lines into four groups, where one USA cultivar formed a separate and more distant cluster. The most similar inbred lines are from USA, both with determinate type, whereas the most different lines are from USA (Us-16) and Japan (Ja-2) with determinate and indeterminate growth habit, respectively. Clustering was consistent with the known information regarding geographical location and growth habit. The genetic distance information reported in this study might be used by breeders when planning future crosses among these inbred lines.
Production of charmonium(like) states in e~+ e~- interactions

We present a search for new charmonium like states in e~+ e~- annihilation using the initial-state radiation and the process e~+ e~-→J/ψD~(*)~(*).The analyses are based on a huge data sample recorded near theγ(4S)resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB e~+ e~- asymmetric-energy collider.