mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Dihydrocelastrol induces antitumor activity and enhances the sensitivity of bortezomib in resistant multiple myeloma by inhibiting STAT3-dependent PSMB5 regulation

Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by excessive aggregation of B-cell-derived malignant plasma cells in the hematopoietic system of bone marrow. Previously, we synthesized an innovative molecule named dihydrocelastrol (DHCE) from celastrol, a triterpene purified from medicinal plant Tripterygium wilfordii. Herein, we explore the therapeutic properties and latent signal transduction mechanism of DHCE action in bortezomib (BTZ)-resistant (BTZ-R) MM cells. In this study, we first report that DHCE shows antitumor activities in vitro and in vivo and exerts stronger inhibitory effects than celastrol on BTZ-R cells. We find that DHCE inhibits BTZ-R cell viability by promoting apoptosis via extrinsic and intrinsic pathways and suppresses BTZ-RMMcell proliferation by inducing G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest. In addition, inactivation of JAK2/STAT3 and PI3K/Akt pathways are involved in the DHCE-mediated antitumor effect. Simultaneously, DHCE acts synergistically with BTZ on BTZ-R cells. PSMB5, a molecular target of BTZ, is overexpressed in BTZ-R MM cells compared with BTZ-S MM cells and is demonstrated to be a target of STAT3. Moreover, DHCE downregulates PSMB5 overexpression in BTZ-R MM cells, which illustrates that DHCE overcomes BTZ resistance through increasing the sensitivity of BTZ in resistant MM via inhibiting STAT3-dependent PSMB5 regulation. Overall, our findings imply that DHCE may become a potential therapeutic option that warrants clinical evaluation for BTZ-R MM.
Potassium thiocyanate additive for PEDOT:PSS layer to fabricate efficient tin-based perovskite solar cells

The commercialized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly (styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is usually used as hole transport layers (HTLs) in tin-based perovskite solar cells (TPSCs). However, the further development has been restricted due to the acidity that could damage the stability of TPSCs. Although the PEDOT:PSS solution can be diluted by water to decrease acidity and reduce the cost of device fabrication, the electrical conductivity will decrease obviously in diluted PEDOT:PSS solution. Herein, potassium thiocyanate (KSCN) is selected to regulate the properties of PEDOT:PSS HTLs from the diluted PEDOT:PSS aqueous solution by water with a volume ratio of 1:1 to prepare efficient TPSCs. The effect of KSCN addition on the structure and photoelectrical properties of PEDOT:PSS HTLs and TPSCs have been systematically studied. At the optimal KSCN concentration, the TPSCs based on KSCN-doped PEDOT:PSS HTLs (KSCN-PSCs) demonstrate the champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.39%, while the reference TPSCs only show a champioan PCE of 6.70%. The further analysis demonstrates that the KSCN additive increases the electrical conductivity of HTLs prepared by the diluted PEDOT:PSS solution, improves the microstructure of perovskite film, and inhibits carrier recombination in TPSCs, leading to the reduced hysteresis effect and enhanced PCE in KSCN-PSCs. This work gives a low-cost and practical strategy to develop a high-quality PEDOT:PSS HTLs from diluted PEDOT: PSS aqueous solution for efficient TPSCs.
Static-to-kinematic modeling and experimental validation of tendon-driven quasi continuum manipulators with nonconstant subsegment stiffness

Continuum robots with high flexibility and compliance have the capability to operate in confined and cluttered environments. To enhance the load capacity while maintaining robot dexterity, we propose a novel non-constant subsegment stiffness structure for tendon-driven quasi continuum robots (TDQCRs) comprising rigid-flexible coupling subsegments. Aiming at real-time control applications, we present a novel static-to-kinematic modeling approach to gain a comprehensive understanding of the TDQCR model. The analytical subsegment-based kinematics for the multisection manipulator is derived based on screw theory and product of exponentials formula, and the static model considering gravity loading, actuation loading, and robot constitutive laws is established. Additionally, the effect of tension attenuation caused by routing channel friction is considered in the robot statics, resulting in improved model accuracy. The root-mean-square error between the outputs of the static model and the experimental system is less than 1.63% of the arm length (0.5 m). By employing the proposed static model, a mapping of bending angles between the configuration space and the subsegment space is established. Furthermore, motion control experiments are conducted on our TDQCR system, and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the static-to-kinematic model.
Higher-order topological Anderson insulator on the Sierpinski lattice

Disorder effects on topological materials in integer dimensions have been extensively explored in recent years. However, its influence on topological systems in fractional dimensions remains unclear. Here, we investigate the disorder effects on a fractal system constructed on the Sierpinski lattice in fractional dimensions. The system supports the second-order topological insulator phase characterized by a quantized quadrupole moment and the normal insulator phase. We find that the second-order topological insulator phase on the Sierpinski lattice is robust against weak disorder but suppressed by strong disorder. Most interestingly, we find that disorder can transform the normal insulator phase to the second-order topological insulator phase with an emergent quantized quadrupole moment. Finally, the disorder-induced phase is further confirmed by calculating the energy spectrum and the corresponding probability distributions.
Distinct behavior of electronic structure under uniaxial strain in BaFe_2As_2

We report a study of the electronic structure of BaFe_2As_2 under uniaxial strains using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and transport measurements. Two electron bands at the M_Y point, with an energy splitting of 50 meV in the strain-free sample, shift downward and merge into each other under a large uniaxial strain, while three hole bands at the Γ point shift downward together. However, we also observed an enhancement of the resistance anisotropy under uniaxial strains by electrical transport measurements, implying that the applied strains strengthen the electronic nematic order in BaFe_2As_2. These observations suggest that the splitting of these two electron bands at the M_Y point is not caused by the nematic order in BaFe_2As_2.
Stacking-dependent exchange bias in two-dimensional ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic bilayers

A clear microscopic understanding of exchange bias is crucial for its application in magnetic recording, and further progress in this area is desired. Based on the results of our first-principles calculations and Monte Carlo simulations, we present a theoretical proposal for a stacking-dependent exchange bias in two-dimensional compensated van der Waals ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic bilayer heterostructures. The exchange bias effect emerges in stacking registries that accommodate inhomogeneous interlayer magnetic interactions between the ferromagnetic layer and different spin sublattices of the antiferromagnetic layer. Moreover, the on/off switching and polarity reversal of the exchange bias can be achieved by interlayer sliding, and the strength can be modulated using an external electric field. Our findings push the limits of exchange bias systems to extreme bilayer thickness in two-dimensional van derWaals heterostructures, potentially stimulating new experimental investigations and applications.
Numerical simulation for the initial state of avalanche in polydisperse particle systems

Numerical simulation is employed to investigate the initial state of avalanche in polydisperse particle systems. Nucleation and propagation processes are illustrated for pentadisperse and triadisperse particle systems, respectively. In these processes, particles involved in the avalanche grow slowly in the early stage and explosively in the later stage, which is clearly different from the continuous and steady growth trend in the monodisperse system. By examining the avalanche propagation, the number growth of particles involved in the avalanche and the slope of the number growth, the initial state can be divided into three stages: T1 (nucleation stage), T2 (propagation stage), T3 (overall avalanche stage). We focus on the characteristics of the avalanche in the T2 stage, and find that propagation distances increase almost linearly in both axial and radial directions in polydisperse systems. We also consider the distribution characteristics of the average coordination number and average velocity for the moving particles. The results support that the polydisperse particle systems are more stable in the T2 stage.
地标生境技术援助粮农组织“一国一品”计划亚太区域实施的能力建设

为期十天的“优质地理产品生境保护与可持续发展(地标生境)技术转让支持联合国粮农组织‘一国一品'(One Country One Priority Product)亚太区域实施能力建设国际会议”(以下简称“能力建设国际会议”)于2023年8月22日在中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所落下帷幕。来自孟加拉、不丹、尼泊尔、柬埔寨、巴布亚新几内亚五国承担粮农组织-一国一品项目任务的政府官员和国家代表,以及来自澳大利亚、德国、粮农组织亚太区域办公室官员以及中国专家和有关领导参加了这次国际会议。会议由粮农组织亚太区域办公室高级政策官员、亚太区域一国一品项目协调人、工作组组长李轩博士和中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所研究员、地标生境首席专家、粮农组织-一国一品亚太区域组织组(ROG)副主席刘闯博士担任共同主席。2021年创立并在国内17个案例得到实践的地标生境理念、方法与技术得到中国科协、地方政府和联合国粮农组织在“绿色农业-地理产品绿色发展”国际论坛、江苏省丰县案例群现场展示和“地标生境方法与技术转让支持粮农组织-一国一品计划亚太区域实施能力建设”国际研讨会上得到充分肯定。
On Differentiation Among Pilot Signals of Multiple Mobile Targets in Retro-Reflective Beamforming for Wireless Power Transmission

An experimental study is conducted on several retro-reflective beamforming schemes for wireless power transmission to multiple wireless power receivers (referred to herein as "targets"). The experimental results demonstrate that, when multiple targets broadcast continuous-wave pilot signals at respective frequencies, a retro-reflective wireless power transmitter is capable of generating multiple wireless power beams aiming at the respective targets as long as the multiple pilot signals are explicitly separated from one another by the wireless power transmitter. However, various practical complications are identified when the pilot signals of multiple targets are not appropriately differentiated from each other by the wireless power transmitter. Specifically, when multiple pilot signals are considered to be carried by the same frequency, the wireless power transmission performance becomes heavily dependent on the interaction among the pilot signals, which is highly undesirable in practice. In conclusion, it is essential for a retro-reflective wireless power transmitter to explicitly discriminate multiple targets' pilot signals among each other.
Scalable Core-Sheath Yarn for Boosting Solar Interfacial Desalination Through Engineering Controllable Water Supply

Tailoring water supply to achieve confined heating has proven to be an effective strategy for boosting solar interfacial evaporation rates. However, because of salt clogging during desalination, a critical point of constriction occurs when controlling the water rate for confined heating. In this study, we demonstrate a facile and scalable weaving technique for fabricating core-sheath photothermal yarns that facilitate controlled water supply for stable and efficient interfacial solar desalination. The core-sheath yarn comprises modal fibers as the core and carbon fibers as the sheaths. Because of the core-sheath design, remarkable liquid pumping can be enabled in the carbon fiber bundle of the dispersed superhydrophilic modal fibers. Our woven fabrics absorb a high proportion (92%) of the electromagnetic radiation in the solar spectrum because of the weaving structure and the carbon fiber sheath. Under one-sun (1 kW·m~(-2)) illumination, our woven fabric device can achieve the highest evaporation rate (of 2.12 kg·m~(-2)·h~(-1) with energy conversion efficiency: 93.7%) by regulating the number of core-sheath yarns. Practical application tests demonstrate that our device can maintain high and stable desalination performance in a 5 wt% NaCl solution.
Reinforcement learning for wind-farm flow control:Current state and future actions

Wind-farm flow control stands at the forefront of grand challenges in wind-energy science.The central issue is that current algorithms are based on simplified models and,thus,fall short of capturing the complex physics of wind farms associated with the high-dimensional nature of turbulence and multiscale wind-farm-atmosphere interactions.Reinforcement learning (RL),as a subset of machine learning,has demonstrated its effectiveness in solving high-dimensional problems in various domains,and the studies performed in the last decade prove that it can be exploited in the development of the next generation of algorithms for wind-farm flow control.This review has two main objectives.Firstly,it aims to provide an up-to-date overview of works focusing on the development of wind-farm flow control schemes utilizing RL methods.By examining the latest research in this area,the review seeks to offer a comprehensive understanding of the advancements made in wind-farm flow control through the application of RL techniques.Secondly,it aims to shed light on the obstacles that researchers face when implementing wind-farm flow control based on RL.By highlighting these challenges,the review aims to identify areas requiring further exploration and potential opportunities for future research.
Underwater Directional Acoustic Source Based on Pentamode Material

An underwater directional acoustic emitter is conceived with a highly anisotropic lattice material, whose acoustic characteristics manifest strong dependence on the orientation of the lattice material's principal axis. Exploiting these features, a cylindrical structure made of such anisotropic lattice material is engineered to possess distinct impedance values in different directions, thereby facilitating wave emission along the principal axis while inducing reflection in other directions. Notably, through numerical simulations, it is demonstrated that the emission direction can be effectively manipulated by adjusting the principal axis orientation, concurrently enhancing the emitted power. In contrast to previous directional acoustic structures, the compact emitter presented in this study can get rid of the size-wavelength constraint, enabling effective control of low-frequency waves.
A prototype for on-site generation of chlorinated disinfectant for use in rural aqueducts

Sodium hypochlorite has significant potential as a sanitation solution in hard-to-reach areas. Few studies have investigated the optimal electrolysis parameters for its production with volumes greater than 10 L. This study evaluated sodium hypochlorite production through electrolysis in a 22-L prototype and identified the optimal operating parameters. Tests were performed using graphite electrodes with areas of 68.4 cm~2 at the laboratory scale and 1 865.0 cm~2 at the prototype scale. A design for experiments with different operating times, chloride concentrations, and electric current intensities was developed. The optimal operating time, sodium chloride concentration, and current intensity at the laboratory scale were 120 min, 150 g of chloride per liter, and 3 A, respectively, leading to the production of 5.02 g/L of the disinfectant with an energy efficiency of 12.21 mg of Cl2 per kilojoule. At the prototype scale, the maximum sodium hypochlorite concentration of 3.99 g of chloride per liter was achieved with an operating time of 120 min, a sodium chloride concentration of 100 g of chloride per liter, and a current intensity of 70 A, reaching an energy efficiency of 42.56 mg of Cl2 per kilojoule. In addition, this study evaluated the influences of the chloride concentration, current intensity, and operating time on the production of sodium hypochlorite at the two scales, and formulated the equations showing the trends of sodium hypochlorite production and energy efficiency in the electrochemical systems. The 22-L prototype model for production of this oxidizing substance is promising for disinfection of large volumes of water in areas that are difficult to access.
Random gradient-freemethod for online distributed optimization with strongly pseudoconvex cost functions

This paper focuses on the online distributed optimization problem based on multi-agent systems. In this problem, each agent can only access its own cost function and a convex set, and can only exchange local state informationwith its current neighbors through a time-varying digraph. In addition, the agents do not have access to the information about the current cost functions until decisions are made. Different from most existing works on online distributed optimization, here we consider the case where the cost functions are strongly pseudoconvex and real gradients of the cost functions are not available. To handle this problem, a random gradient-free online distributed algorithm involving the multi-point gradient estimator is proposed. Of particular interest is that under the proposed algorithm, each agent only uses the estimation information of gradients instead of the real gradient information to make decisions. The dynamic regret is employed to measure the proposed algorithm. We prove that if the cumulative deviation of the minimizer sequence grows within a certain rate, then the expectation of dynamic regret increases sublinearly. Finally, a simulation example is given to corroborate the validity of our results.
一价铜催化酮与2-氮杂-1,4-二烯的不对称烯丙基化反应

过渡金属催化的有机金属试剂与羰基化合物的不对称加成反应一直是直接且高效地构建天然产物和手性药物的重要方法之一.其中,不对称烯丙基化反应作为合成化学领域内长期关注和持续研究的课题,已被广泛应用于多种重要生物活性分子的合成.在过去几十年间,这种反应从依赖于化学计量手性试剂的经典方法,发展到不对称催化的方法[2].烯丙基立体选择性引入的常见策略是使用烯丙基有机金属试剂(Scheme 1,A).廉价金属铜的络合物是有机合成领域中一种十分重要的催化剂,具有独特的化学性质和优秀的催化性能.在众多基于过渡金属催化的不对称烯丙基化反应中,铜催化已占据了重要地位.烯丙基铜(I)是实现一价铜催化的不对称烯丙基化的重要中间体,目前主要由以下三个策略获得:(1)从烯丙基硼酸酯或烯丙基硅烷转金属化生成烯丙基铜(I)[3];(2)通过联烯或1,3-二烯还原产生烯丙基铜(I)[4];(3)通过不饱和碳氢化合物脱质子生成烯丙基铜(I).特别是第三种方法实现了100%的原子经济性,从绿色化学的角度来讲十分有吸引力(Scheme 1,B).基于此策略,在2017年和2021年,Kanai课题组和殷亮课题组[5-6]分别实现了铜催化的1,4-烯炔和1,4-二烯对简单酮的不对称加成反应.2021年,Malcolmson课题组[7]报道了铜(I)催化的2-氮杂-1,3,5-三烯对醛亚胺的不对称还原偶联反应,主要得到了α-碳对醛亚胺的加成产物,未能实现γ-位的区域选择性(Scheme 1,C).
湿热病“流气化湿”治法探析

流气化湿法主要用于湿气弥漫、三焦气化失司的证候,其理论渊薮悠久,代表方剂诸多,用药虽轻淡,但能使湿化热解,每愈重证,是治疗湿热病的特色方法。对此法进行探析,认为流气化湿的立法基础在于气机流通和开肺气以宣通三焦;用药特点可概括为“轻清”与“流动”;具体运用据邪留部位、湿热轻重而变化,并与他法配合;现代多用此法治疗以湿阻气机为主要矛盾引发的各种病证,扩大了其应用范围。
Thermodynamic geometry of the RN-AdS black hole and non-local observables

This paper studies the thermodynamic geometry of the Reissner-Nordstrom-anti-de Sitter (RNAdS) black hole via detection of the non-local observables in the dual field theory, including the entanglement entropy and equal-time two-point correlation function. With the dimensional analysis, we construct the principle of corresponding states of black hole thermodynamics. As a result, our findings can be applied to black holes with different AdS backgrounds. In this sense, the probe of the thermodynamic geometry of the RN-AdS black hole though the non-local observables in dual field theory has been confirmed numerically.
Hypomethylation of glycine dehydrogenase promoter in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is a new diagnostic marker of hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma

Background:Glycine dehydrogenase (GLDC) plays an important role in the initiation and proliferation of several human cancers.In this study,we aimed to detect the methylation status of GLDC promoter and its diagnostic value for hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-HCC).Methods:We enrolled 197 patients,111 with HBV-HCC,51 with chronic hepatitis B (CHB),and 35 healthy controls (HCs).The methylation status of GLDC promoter in peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was identified by methylation specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP).The mRNA expression was examined using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).Results:The methylation frequency of the GLDC promoter was significantly lower in HBV-HCC patients (27.0%) compared to that in CHB patients (68.6%) and HCs (74.3%) (P <0.001).The methylated group had lower alanine aminotransferase level (P = 0.035) and lower rates of tumor node metastasis (TNM) III/IV (P = 0.043) and T3/T4 (P = 0.026).TNM stage was identified to be an independent factor for GLDC promoter methylation.GLDC mRNA levels in CHB patients and HCs were significantly lower than those in HBV-HCC patients (P = 0.022 and P <0.001,respectively).GLDC mRNA levels were significantly higher in HBV-HCC patients with unmethylated GLDC promoters than those with methylated GLDC promoters (P = 0.003).The diagnostic accuracy of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) combined with GLDC promoter methylation for HBV-HCC was improved compared with that of AFP alone (AUC:0.782 vs.0.630,P <0.001).In addition,GLDC promoter methylation was an independent predictor for overall survival of HBV-HCC patients (P = 0.038).Conclusions:The methylation frequency of GLDC promoter was lower in PBMCs from HBV-HCC patients than that from patients with CHB and HCs.The combination of AFP and GLDC promoter hypomethylation significantly improved the diagnostic accuracy of HBV-HCC.
Impact pressure of waves generated by landslides on bank slopes

Impulse waves that are generated by landslides in narrow reservoir areas threaten the stability of buildings and bank slopes.To discuss the action process and evolution law of the wave pressure on bank slopes,a three-dimensional physical model test that considers impulse waves generated by landslides was performed,and factors including landslide width,thickness,slope angles of the sliding surface,and bank slope angle were considered.Based on wave forms on the bank slopes,wave pressure curve characteristics,and peak value,the action process of wave pressure could be divided into the following stages:maximum pulsating pressure stage,wave impact stage (when waves break),and stationary pulsation stage.It was found that wave breaking is dependent on the value of the surf similarity parameter ξ.The distribution pattern of impact pressure decays linearly on both sides of the maximum impact pressure point,and the attenuation degree decreases when it attains 40% of the maximum value.Thus,it is proposed that the prediction formula for the maximum effective impact pressure of the bank slope be related to the reciprocal of wave steepness,relative water depth,and slope rate.The prediction formula provides strong theoretical support for early safety warning and for predicting the bank slope under impulse waves generated by landslides.
Power Allocation for SE Maximization in Uplink Massive MIMO System Under Minimum Rate Constraint

In this paper, we optimize the spectrum efficiency (SE) of uplink massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system with imperfect channel state information (CSI) over Rayleigh fading channel. The SE optimization problem is formulated under the constraints of maximum power and minimum rate of each user. Then, we develop a near-optimal power allocation (PA) scheme by using the successive convex approximation (SCA) method, Lagrange multiplier method, and block coordinate descent (BCD) method, and it can obtain almost the same SE as the benchmark scheme with lower complexity. Since this scheme needs three-layer iteration, a suboptimal PA scheme is developed to further reduce the complexity, where the characteristic of massive MIMO (i.e., numerous receive antennas) is utilized for convex reformulation, and the rate constraint is converted to linear constraints. This suboptimal scheme only needs single-layer iteration, thus has lower complexity than the near-optimal scheme. Finally, we joint design the pilot power and data power to further improve the performance, and propose an two-stage algorithm to obtain joint PA. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed schemes, and superior SE performance is achieved.