mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
A complex signature network that controls the upregulation of PRMT5 in colorectal cancer

Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) deregulation has emerged as an important prognostic indicator in human cancers. Through aberrant methylation-mediated epigenetic modification of signaling molecules, PRMT5 overexpression contributes to dysregulation of a variety of cellular processes related to cancer progression.1 However, the mechanisms governing PRMT5 expression levels in cancer remain largely unknown. In this study, we examined factors that regulate PRMT5 expression at multiple levels. We mapped three regions of the proximal promoter of PRMT5 and identified NF-Ya, SMAD3, and ZNF143 as part of a key signature network node regulating PRMT5 expression in HT29 colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Importantly, we provide evidence that knockdown or ligand induced activation of SMAD3, and ZNF143 led to changes in PRMT5 transcript and protein levels, respectively. We showed that PRMT5 expression positively correlates with both TGF-b2 and ZNF143 expression, suggesting that activation and/or upregulation of these proteins may be partly responsible for PRMT5 overexpression in a subset of CRC patients. Collectively, our data present a complex model that involves cell-autonomous induction of PRMT5 in CRC cells by transcriptional mechanisms and upregulation of PRMT5 mRNA and protein, which encompasses processes involving gene amplification and increased transcription and protein turnover rates.
Critical roles of FTO-mediated mRNA m6A demethylation in regulating adipogenesis and lipid metabolism: Implications in lipid metabolic disorders

The goal this review is to clarify the effects of the fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) in lipid metabolism regulation and related underlying mechanisms through the FTO-mediated demethylation of m6A modification. FTO catalyzes the demethylation of m6A to alter the processing, maturation and translation of the mRNAs of lipid-related genes. FTO overexpression in the liver promotes lipogenesis and lipid droplet (LD) enlargement and suppresses CPT-1emediated fatty acid oxidation via the SREBP1c pathway, promoting excessive lipid storage and nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD). FTO enhances preadipocyte differentiation through the C/EBPb pathway, and facilitates adipogenesis and fat deposition by altering the alternative splicing of RUNX1T1, the expression of PPARg and ANGPTL4, and the phosphorylation of PLIN1, whereas it inhibits lipolysis by inhibiting IRX3 expression and the leptin pathway, causing the occurrence and development of obesity. Suppression of the PPARb/;d and AMPK pathways by FTO-mediated m6A demethylation damages lipid utilization in skeletal muscles, leading to the occurrence of diabetic hyperlipidemia. m6A demethylation by FTO inhibits macrophage lipid influx by downregulating PPARg protein expression and accelerates cholesterol efflux by phosphorylating AMPK, thereby impeding foam cell formation and atherosclerosis development. In summary, FTO-mediated m6A demethylation modulates the expression of lipid-related genes to regulate lipid metabolism and lipid disorder diseases.
Foxtail millet supplementation improves glucose metabolism and gut microbiota in rats with high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetes

Foxtail millet(FM) whole grain has received special attention in recent years. To confirm the hypoglycemic effects of FM, we investigated the effects of FM supplementation on glucose metabolism and gut microbiota in rats with high-fat diet/streptozotocin(HFD/STZ)-induced diabetes. Specifically, we fully assessed the blood biochemical profiles, pancreatic histopathology, insulin-glucagon immunofluorescence, short-chain fatty acids, and gut microbiota composition of rats with HFD/STZ-induced diabetes before and after FM supplementation. Results showed that both 30% and 48% FM supplementation significantly decreased concentrations of fasting blood glucose, 60-min blood glucose, and blood triglycerides(P < 0.05);additionally, 48% FM supplementation significantly improved blood glucose tolerance and insulin resistance(P < 0.05). However, FM supplementation could not effectively repair damage to β-cells over a short period of time. In addition, 4 weeks of 48% FM supplementation siginificantly increased the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium and concentration of butyrate, suggesting that the hypoglycemic effects of FM supplementation might be partially mediated by gut microbiota. Collectively, we found a dose-dependent relationship between FM supplementation and improvement of blood glucose metabolism, but did not find a synergistic effect between FM supplementation and metformin(Met) treatment. Our findings provide further support that consuming more whole-grain FM might be beneficial to individuals suffering from type 2 diabetes.
Tea polyphenol -gut microbiota interactions: hints on improving the metabolic syndrome in a multi-element and multi-target manner

The metabolic syndrome (MS) has become one of the main problems in public health. Tea polyphenols (TPs), the main bioactive components of tea, has been claimed to have the potential to regulate metabolism and effectively prevent or mitigate the MS. However, many studies into the effects of TPs on MS have provided conflicting findings and the underlying mechanism has been elusive. The predominant TPs in unfermentedand and fermented tea are catechins and oxidized polyphenols (theaflavins and thearubigins), both of which have low bioavailability and reach the colon where most gut microbes inhabit. Gut microbiota has been demonstrated to be tightly associated with host metabolism. The interactions between TPs and gut microbiota will lead to the alterations of gut microbiota composition and the production of metabolites including short chain fatty acids, bile acids, amino acids and TPs derived metabolites, accordingly exerting their biological effects both locally and systemically. This review highlighted the contribution of metabolites and specific gut bacteria in the process of TPs intervention on the MS and further discuss how TPs impact the MS via gut microbiota from the viewpoint of gut organ/tissue axis.
First report on zircon U-Pb age (125.9 Ma) of the quartz monzonite from the Pandian skarn iron deposit in the Luxi area, Eastern China

Skarn iron ore deposit is the principal source of highgrade iron reserves in China, contributing about 11% of the national iron reserves and about 60% of the high-grade iron reserves. Therefore, the study of typical skarn iron ore deposits will provide a better understanding of the formation and exploration of high-grade iron deposits in China. The Luxi area is one of the most representative and important skarn iron ore fields in China. The skarn iron ore deposits in the Luxi area are mainly concentrated in several districts (from west to east): Jinan, Laiwu, and Zibo (Fig. 1a). The new discovery of the Pandian skarn iron ore deposit in recent years, which is located in the Qihe-Yucheng ore district in the west of the Luxi area (Fig. 1b), is of great significance to the westward extension of the Luxi iron ore field. In order to determine whether the mineralization age of the Pandian skarn iron ore deposit is consistent with other typical deposits (such as Jinan, Zibo, and Laiwu deposits) in the Luxi area, this study performed LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating on the quartz monzonite associated with Pandian skarn iron deposit. The research results will provide a chronological basis for further exploring of high-grade iron ore prospecting in the Luxi area.
Liposomal Honokiol induces ROS-mediated apoptosis via regulation of ERK/p38-MAPK signaling and autophagic inhibition in human medulloblastoma

Nowadays, medulloblastoma accounts for approximately 25% of all pediatric brain tumors. Even with the successful treatment of primary tumors, there are still serious side effects. Honokiol (HNK) is defined as small bisphenol lignin extracted from the bark and seed cones of several species of Magnolia. It has shown that HNK can inhibit the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of tumor cells, thereby exerting a potent antitumor effect.2 However, the poor water solubility of HNK results in its low bioavailability, thus limiting its wide use in clinical cancer treatments. Liposomes can overcome this limitation, and liposomal HNK (Lip-HNK) has promising clinical applications in this aspect. Currently, there is no study focusing on the treatment of medulloblastoma with HNK. Therefore, we explored the effect of Lip-HNK and its mechanism on medulloblastoma cells. Our findings may provide evidence of the potential of Lip-HNK as a new therapeutic agent for medulloblastoma.
Effective fraction from Simiao Wan prevents hepatic insulin resistant by inhibition of lipolysis via AMPK activation

Simiao Wan (SMW) is a traditional Chinese formula, including Atractylodis Rhizoma, Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex and Coicis Semen at the ratio of 1: 1: 2: 2. It can be used to the treatment of diabetes. However, its bioactive compounds and underlying mechanism are unclear. This study was designed to screen the antilipolytic fraction from SMW and investigate its therapeutic mechanisms on hepatic insulin resistance. Different fractions of SMW were prepared by membrane separation combined with macroporous resin and their antilipolytic activity was screened in fasted mice. The effects of 60% ethanol elution (ESMW) on lipolysis were investigated in 3T3-L1 adipocytes stimulated by palmitic acid (PA) and high fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. In our study, ESMW was the bioactive fraction responsible for the antilipolytic activity of SMW and 13 compounds were characterized from ESMW by UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. ESMW suppressed protein kinase A (PKA)-hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) related lipolysis and increased AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation in PA challenged 3T3-L1 adipocytes. AMPKα knockdown abolished the inhibitory effects of ESMW on IL-6 and HSL pSer-660, revealing that the antilipolytic and anti-inflammatory activities of ESMW are AMPK dependent. Furthermore, ESMW ameliorated insulin resistance and suppressed lipolysis in HFD-fed mice. It inhibited diacylglycerol accumulation in the liver and inhibited hepatic gluconeogenesis. Conditional medium collected from ESMW-treated 3T3-L1 cells ameliorated insulin action on hepatic gluconeogenesis in liver cells, demonstrating that the antilipolytic activity contributed to ESMW beneficial effects on hepatic glucose production. In conclusion, ESMW, as the antilipolytic fraction of SMW, inhibited PKA-HSL related lipolysis by activating AMPK, inhibiting diacylglycerol (DAG) accumulation in the liver and thereby improving insulin resistance and hepatic gluconeogenesis.
Geographic patterns of genetic diversity and fertility restoration ability of Asian and African origin pearl millet populations

A set of 45 diverse Asian and African origin/bred populations of pearl millet were investigated multi-locationally for morphological traits including grain yield and assessed for their fertility restoration ability on three cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) systems in two contrasting seasons.Significant genetic variation was found for all the yield linked traits.Multivariate analysis for grain yield and its component traits grouped these populations into five clusters.Most of the Asian origin populations grouped into single cluster (Cluster III) and separated from the rest of the African origin populations indicating the presence of correspondence between clustering pattern and geographical origin of the populations.Clusters dominated with Asian populations (As-As) had linkages with early flowering,short plant height,more number of tillers,small and thin panicles,small seeded and low grain yield compared to the clusters dominated by African populations (Af-Af) or African origin and Asian bred (Af-As) populations.Genetically related populations having common parentage were found grouped in same clusters.Fertility restoration/maintainer frequency of 45 populations on three diverse CMS systems revealed that overall fertility restoration frequency was highest for A_1 (86%) followed by A_4 (37%) and for A_5 (7%) CMS system.Five populations were identified as potential sources for developing maintainer lines for all three CMS systems and eight populations were identified specifically for A_4 and A_5 CMS systems.A set of 11 and four populations were identified for restorer line development exclusively for A_1 and A_5 CMS system,respectively.Six populations were identified for the development of dual restorers for both A_1 and A_4 CMS system.
Identification of quantitative trait loci associated with resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae pathotypes prevalent in South China

Bacterial blight (BB),which is caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae (Xoo),is an important rice disease responsible for significant yield losses.In the rice-growing regions of South China where BB outbreaks are common,the resistance of cultivars with BB resistance genes Xa4 and Xa21 has been lost because of rapid changes in the Xoo population structure and virulence.In this study,421 diverse rice accessions were evaluated regarding their resistance to two Xoo strains,namely GD1358 (C5) and IV,which are prevalent pathotypes in South China and overcame the resistance of Xa4 and Xa21,respectively.Using the 4.8mio filtered SNP dataset,we conducted a genome-wide association study,which identified 13 loci associated with BB resistance,including eight new quantitative trait loci (QTL) and five QTL harboring known BB resistance genes:Xa3/Xa26,xa5,Xa35(t),Xa36(t),Xa40,Xa43(t),and xa44(t).Intriguingly,a steep peak was detected on chromosomes 5 and 11.Six QTL including three new ones,were distributed on chromosome 11,whereas a new QTL qBB5.1 and a known QTL were detected on chromosome 5.Haplotype analyses indicated that the LOC_Os05g01610 (OsPRAF2) gene within the qBB5.1 region,which encodes a PRAF protein,is associated with BB resistance.Furthermore,OsPRAF2 knockout lines generated using the CRISPR-Cpf1 system were significantly more resistant to Xoo strains than the wild-type plants.Our results provide researchers and breeders with useful information regarding QTL and gene resources,which may be relevant for developing new BB-resistant rice cultivars.
Genetic architecture of maize yield traits dissected by QTL mapping and GWAS in maize

The study of yield traits can reveal the genetic architecture of grain yield for improving maize production.In this study,an association panel comprising 362 inbred lines and a recombinant inbred line population derived from X178 × 9782 were used to identify candidate genes for nine yield traits.High-priority overlap (HPO) genes,which are genes prioritized in a genome-wide association study (GWAS),were investigated using coexpression networks.The GWAS identified 51 environmentally stable SNPs in two environments and 36 pleiotropic SNPs,including three SNPs with both attributes.Seven hotspots containing 41 trait-associated SNPs were identified on six chromosomes by permutation.Pyramiding of superior alleles showed a highly positive effect on all traits,and the phenotypic values of ear diameter and ear weight consistently corresponded with the number of superior alleles in tropical and temperate germplasm.A total of 61 HPO genes were detected after trait-associated SNPs were combined with the coexpression networks.Linkage mapping identified 16 environmentally stable and 16 pleiotropic QTL.Seven SNPs that were located in QTL intervals were assigned as consensus SNPs for the yield traits.Among the candidate genes predicted by our study,some genes were confirmed to function in seed development.The gene Zm00001d016656 encoding a serine/threonine protein kinase was associated with five different traits across multiple environments.Some genes were uniquely expressed in specific tissues and at certain stages of seed development.These findings will provide genetic information and resources for molecular breeding of maize grain yield.
Joint Optimization of Latency and Energy Consumption for Mobile Edge Computing Based Proximity Detection in Road Networks

In recent years, artificial intelligence and automotive industry have developed rapidly, and autonomous driving has gradually become the focus of the industry. In road networks, the problem of proximity detection refers to detecting whether two moving objects are close to each other or not in real time. However, the battery life and computing capability of mobile devices are limited in the actual scene, which results in high latency and energy consumption. Therefore, it is a tough problem to determine the proximity relationship between mobile users with low latency and energy consumption. In this article, we aim at finding a tradeoff between latency and energy consumption. We formalize the computation offloading problem base on mobile edge computing (MEC) into a constrained multiobjective optimization problem (CMOP) and utilize NSGA-II to solve it. The simulation results demonstrate that NSGA-II can find the Pareto set, which reduces the latency and energy consumption effectively. In addition, a large number of solutions provided by the Pareto set give us more choices of the offloading decision according to the actual situation.
QRS score: A simple marker to quantify the extent of myocardial scarring in patients with chronic total arterial occlusion

Background: Chronic total occlusion (CTO) is a critical and unique subgroup of coronary lesions. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between the Selvester QRS score and late gadolinium enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (LGE-CMRI) in quantifying myocardial scarring to provide a simple and feasible method for treating CTO. Methods: The medical records of 134 patients with absolute CTO who underwent coronary angiography between May 1, 2014 and December 30, 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. All patients were grouped according to the CTO location (right coronary artery [RCA] CTO, left artery descending [LAD] CTO, left circumflex [LCX] CTO, and multivessel CTO groups). The degree of myocardial scarring was determined according to the Selvester QRS score and using the LGE-CMRI. All patients were followed up for at least 12 months. Results: Among the 62 CTO patients, 55 had occlusion of a single vessel and seven had occlusion of multiple vessels, of which 27 (43.55%) were in the RCA CTO group, 16 (25.81%) in the LAD CTO group, 12 (19.35%) in the LCX CTO group, and 7 (11.29%) in the multivessel CTO group. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the QRS score that was used to determine the degree of myocardial scarring was 0.806, with a sensitivity and specificity of 94.7% and 42.1%, respectively. The Selvester QRS score and LGE-CMRI measures of scar size were correlated in the RCA CTO, LCX CTO, and multivessel CTO groups (r =0.466, 0.593, and 0.775, respectively). Conclusion: The Selvester QRS score was feasible for detecting myocardial scarring in patients with CTO.
Metabolic profile differences in ACTH-dependent and ACTH-independent Cushing syndrome

Background: The most common etiologies of Cushing's syndrome (CS) are adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-producing pituitary adenoma (pitCS) and primary adrenal gland disease (adrCS), both of which burden patients with metabolic disturbance. The aim of this study was to compare the metabolic features of pitCS and adrCS patients. Methods: A retrospective review including 114 patients (64 adrCS and 50 pitCS) diagnosed with CS in 2009-2019 was performed. Metabolic factors were then compared between pitCS and adrCS groups. Results: Regarding sex, females suffered both adrCs (92.2%) and pitCS (88.0%) more frequently than males. Regarding age, patients with pitCS were diagnosed at a younger age (35.40 ± 11.94 vs. 39.65 ±11.37 years, p = 0.056) than those with adrCS, although the difference was not statistically significant. Moreover, pitCS patients had much higher ACTH levels and more serious occurrences of hypercortisolemia at all time points (8 AM, 4 PM, 12 AM) than that in adrCS patients. Conversely, indexes, including body weight, BMI, blood pressure, serum total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides, fasting plasma glucose, and uric acid, showed no differences between adrCS and pitCS patients. Furthermore, diabetes prevalence was higher in pitCS patients than in adrCS patients; however, there were no significant differences in hypertension or dyslipidemia prevalence between the two. Conclusions: Although adrCS and pitCS had different pathogenetic mechanisms, different severities of hypercortisolemia, and different diabetes prevalences, both etiologies had similar metabolic characteristics.
Analysis of spatio-temporal changes in forest biomass in China

Forests play a central role in the global carbon cycle. China's forests have a high carbon sequestration potential owing to their wide distribution, young age and relatively low carbon density. Forest biomass is an essential variable for assessing carbon sequestration capacity, thus determining the spatio-temporal changes of forest biomass is critical to the national carbon budget and to contribute to sustainable forest management. Based on Chinese forest inventory data(1999-2013), this study explored spatial patterns of forest biomass at a grid resolution of 1 km by applying a downscaling method and further analyzed spatiotemporal changes of biomass at different spatial scales. The main findings are:(1) the regression relationship between forest biomass and the associated influencing factors at a provincial scale can be applied to estimate biomass at a pixel scale by employing a downscaling method;(2) forest biomass had a distinct spatial pattern with the greatest biomass occurring in the major mountain ranges;(3) forest biomass changes had a notable spatial distribution pattern;increase(i.e., carbon sinks) occurred in east and southeast China, decreases(i.e., carbon sources) were observed in the northeast to southwest, with the largest biomass losses in the Hengduan Mountains, Southern Hainan and Northern Da Hinggan Mountains;and,(4) forest vegetation functioned as a carbon sink during 1999-2013 with a net increase in biomass of 3.71 Pg.
乳腺癌孤立性脾脏转移一例并文献复习

孤立性脾转移癌系指恶性肿瘤单纯性转移至脾脏而不伴随其他器官受累的特殊类型脾转移癌,临床上以乳腺恶性肿瘤来源的孤立性脾转移癌甚为罕见,诊疗经验亦鲜有报道。笔者回顾一例大连医科大学附属第一医院肝胆外科收治的乳腺癌术后孤立性脾转移癌患者的临床资料,并结合既往文献,探讨其潜在的转移机制及诊疗策略。
OBV (obscure vein), a C_2H_2 zinc finger transcription factor, positively regulates chloroplast development and bundle sheath extension formation in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) leaf veins

Leaf veins play an important role in plant growth and development, and the bundle sheath (BS) is believed to greatly improve the photosynthetic efficiency of C4 plants. The OBV mutation in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) results in dark veins and has been used widely in processing tomato varieties. However, physiological performance has difficulty explaining fitness in production. In this study, we confirmed that this mutation was caused by both the increased chlorophyll content and the absence of bundle sheath extension (BSE) in the veins. Using genome-wide association analysis and map-based cloning, we revealed that OBV encoded a C_2H_2L domain class transcription factor. It was localized in the nucleus and presented cell type-specific gene expression in the leaf veins. Furthermore, we verified the gene function by generating CRISPR/Cas9 knockout and overexpression mutants of the tomato gene. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that OBV was involved in regulating chloroplast development and photosynthesis, which greatly supported the change in chlorophyll content by mutation. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that OBV affected the growth and development of tomato by regulating chloroplast development in leaf veins. This study also provides a solid foundation to further decipher the mechanism of BSEs and to understand the evolution of photosynthesis in land plants.