mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
The key indicators of transboundary water apportionment based on international laws and cases

Transboundary water, more competitive utilization and uncertain availability under the globalization trend, the issue of its apportionment which directly impacts national benefits of each riparian state is becoming one of the important topics in the world. Water is scarce in China, the most important upstream state in Asia, and this task has to be thought over in the coming future. Based on "International Freshwater Treaties Database" (1820-2007) by Oregon State University, and publications and reports on transboundary water utilization and management since 1999, 28 indicators of water apportionment adopted in 49 international treaties and cases in 1864-2002 are divided into 6 types, the spatial and temporal characteristics of the adopted indicators are analyzed in order to find the key indicator(s) of transboundary water apportionment. The major results include: the major adopted indicators, have significant differences among 5 regions/continents, the indicators at rank first and second place in the developed region (North America and Europe) according to the adopted times are "keeping minimum water flow" and "mean annual runoff", but in the developing region (Asia, Africa and South America), the ranking order of the above two indicators is reversed; the major adopted indicators in the watersheds with insufficient water are "mean annual runoff" and "keeping minimum water flow", the ones in the watersheds with sufficient water are "keeping minimum water flow" and "maximum water intake"; the international treaties signed from the first phase to the fourth phase, the developing process shows a progress of "fewer-increasing a lot-decreasing rapidly-equation basically", the regional distribution of the treaties shifts mainly from the developed region to the developing one, especially to Asia and Africa; the major adopted indicators shifts from "keeping minimum water flow" and "mean annual runoff" in 1864-1945, to "keeping minimum water flow" and "maximum water intake" in 1946-1971, then to "hydraulic facility operation" and "mean annual runoff" in 1972-1991, and finally to "keeping minimum water flow" and "mean annual runoff" in 1992-2002, the process shows similar a loop. Finally, the key indicator on transboundary water apportionment can be determined as "keeping minimum water flow".
东亚季风区植被变化对局地气候的短期影响

利用CCSM(Community Climate System Model)模式3.5版本,研究了东亚季风区森林覆盖度增加对局地气候的短期影响.模拟结果显示森林覆盖度增加后,全年平均气温降低0.93℃,其中夏季降低1.46℃,冬季降低0.40℃,有利于缓解全球变暖在该地区的影响.森林覆盖度增加后,全年平均降水增加,其中4月份降水增加最显著,达到7%.森林覆盖度增加后植被的蒸散作用增加是导致该地区降温的主要原因.夏季比冬季降温明显主要是由于夏季蒸散比冬季大.蒸散增大的同时也导致了大气中水汽含量增加,再加上森林覆盖度增加引起地表粗糙度增加,从而形成气旋式辐合及异常的垂直上升运动,导致降水增加.此外,森林覆盖度增加也使地表反照率降低,造成地表反射短波辐射明显减少.
Mathematical Infinity and Medium Logic (I)—Logical-mathematical Interpretation of Leibniz's Secant and Tangent Lines Problem in Medium Logic

From the perspective of potential infinity (poi) and actual infinity, Ref [4] has confirmed that poi and aci are in 'unmediated opposition' (P,-P) whether in ZFC or not; it has further been proved that the manners in which a variable infinitely approaches its limit also satisfy the law of intermediate exclusion. With these results as theoretical bases, this paper attempts to provide an accurate and strict logical-mathematical interpretation of the incompatibility of Leibniz's secant and tangent lines in the medium logic system from the perspective of logical mathematics.
A pilot study on ~(99m)Tc-3PRGD2 scintigraphy in diagnosis of brain glioma

The ~(99m)Tc-3PRGD_2 targeted SPECT/CT scanning was of significance in detecting differentiated glioma. In this work, the diagnostic value of ~(99m)Tc-3PRGD_2 scintigraphy in brain glioma was evaluated by the ten clinically verified brain glioma patients after obtaining informed consent. The patients first accepted X-ray imaging to localize the detecting regions before administrating with ~(99m)Tc-3PRGD_2 at a mean radioactivity of 849±115 MBq via single intravenous bolus injection 2 h prior to SPECT/CT imaging. Tumor samples for detecting avβ3 were collected by surgical operations two weeks after the scintigraphy. The results of CT and SPECT scanning were merged and compared. The correlation between tumor occupation (T/N ratio) and avβ3 expression level were analyzed. The T/N ratios in brain glioma were proportionally correlated to avβ3 positive cell percentage (R~2=0.9253,p<0.05). This study primarily evaluated the clinical application of ~(99m)Tc-3PRGD_2 SPECT scintigraphy on brain glioma. The more pathological types and detecting strategies covering a large amount of samples would aid to clarify the potentials.
整体整合生理学医学新理论体系:人体功能一体化自主调控

人是完整的有机整体,呼吸、血液循环和能量代谢是生命的基础。受神经和体液的调控,在消化吸收、泌尿、排泄、皮肤等的配合下,机体功能动态趋向于平衡,但永远不能达到真正平衡。本文描述了呼吸、血液循环和代谢等功能联合一体化自主调控的复杂过程,并提出“整体整合生理学医学”理论体系的基本架构。
APPROXIMATION OF NONCONFORMING QUASI-WILSON ELEMENT FOR SINE-GORDON EQUATIONS

In this paper, nonconforming quasi-Wilson finite element approximation to a class of nonlinear sine-Gordan equations is discussed. Based on the known higher accuracy results of bilinear element and different techniques from the existing literature, it is proved that the inner product (▽(u—I_h~1u), ▽v_h) and the consistency error can be estimated as order O(h~2) in broken H~1 — norm/L~2 — norm when u ∈ H~3(Ω)/H~4(Ω), where I_h~1u is the bilinear interpolation of u, Vh belongs to the quasi-Wilson finite element space. At the same time, the superclose result with order O(h~2) for semi-discrete scheme under generalized rectangular meshes is derived. Furthermore, a fully-discrete scheme is proposed and the corresponding error estimate of order O(h~2 + r~2) is obtained for the rectangular partition when u ∈ H~4(Ω), which is as same as that of the bilinear element with ADI scheme and one order higher than that of the usual analysis on nonconforming finite elements.
基于虚拟核面的高山峡谷序列数码影像匹配方法

针对高山峡谷数码影像的特殊性,提出一种基于虚拟核面的序列影像匹配方法。该方法采用虚拟核面约束采集点的匹配,不仅缩小了匹配的搜索范围,且提高了匹配精度。实验证明,该算法匹配多张影像时,采集点匹配的正确率高于97%,满足高山峡谷地区工程勘测的要求。
Stem cell signaling as a target for novel drug discovery: recent progress in the WNT and Hedgehog pathways

One of the most exciting fields in biomedical research over the past few years is stem cell biology, and therapeutic application of stem cells to replace the diseased or damaged tissues is also an active area in development. Although stem cell therapy has a number of technical challenges and regulatory hurdles to overcome, the use of stem cells as tools in drug discovery supported by mature technologies and established regulatory paths is expected to generate more immediate returns. In particular, the targeting of stem cell signaling pathways is opening up a new avenue for drug discovery. Aberrations in these pathways result in various diseases, including cancer, fibrosis and degenerative diseases. A number of drug targets in stem cell signaling pathways have been identified. Among them, WNT and Hedgehog are two most important signaling pathways, which are the focus of this review. A hedgehog pathway inhibitor, vismodegib (Erivedge), has recently been approved by the US FDA for the treatment of skin cancer, while several drug candidates for the WNT pathway are entering clinical trials. We have discovered that the stem cell signaling pathways respond to traditional Chinese medicines. Substances isolated from herbal medicine may act specifically on components of stem cell signaling pathways with high affinities. As many of these events can be explained through molecular interactions, these phenomena suggest that discovery of stem cell-targeting drugs from natural products may prove to be highly successful.
Roles of small molecules in somatic cell reprogramming

The Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine 2012 was awarded to Sir John B GURDON and Shinya YAMANAKA for their discovery that mature cells can be reprogrammed to become pluripotent. This event reaffirms the importance of research on cell fate plasticity and the technology progress in the stem cell field and regenerative medicine. Indeed, reprogramming technology has developed at a dazzling speed within the past 6 years, yet we are still at the early stages of understanding the mechanisms of cell fate identity. This is particularly true in the case of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which lack reliable standards in the evaluation of their fidelity and safety prior to their application. Along with the genetic approaches, small molecules nowadays become convenient tools for modulating endogenous protein functions and regulating key cellular processes, including the mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition, metabolism, signal transduction and epigenetics. Moreover, small molecules may affect not only the efficiency of clone formation but also the quality of the resulting cells. With increasing availability of such chemicals, we can better understand the biology of stems cells and further improve the technology of generation of stem cells.
老年急性脑缺血患者外周血内皮祖细胞数量的变化

脑卒中患者多发现有血管病变。内皮祖细胞(EPCs)是血管内皮细胞的前体细胞。近年来研究发现EPCs在外周血管疾病、心脑血管疾病和创伤愈合等均有重要作用,这为缺血性疾病的研究治疗提供新的思路。大量动物实验提示EPCs与脑缺血程度以及缺血再灌注有关,且能促进缺血模型老年大鼠神经元功能的恢复。本研究旨在检测临床老年缺血性脑卒中患者的外周血EPCs数量和分析其与神经功能的关系。
贝那普利和氯沙坦联合用药对慢性肾脏病高血压和肾功能的影响

高血压是慢性肾脏病的常见并发症之一,也是加重肾脏疾病发展和终末肾衰竭的重要因素之一。控制血压,延缓肾衰竭的进展,减少心脑血管并发症的发生是治疗该病的关键环节。贝那普利和氯沙坦均有减少蛋白尿、降血压、改善肾功能及延缓肾脏病进展的作用,但目前关于两药联合应用治疗慢性肾脏疾病高血压的报道较少。本研究对我院收治的慢性肾脏病高血压患者应用贝那普利联合氯沙坦进行治疗,旨在探讨其降压效果及对肾功能的影响。
经皮掌侧锁定钢板和闭合复位石膏托固定治疗老年A型桡骨远段骨折的临床对比

桡骨远段骨折临床常见,主要发生在6~10岁和60~75岁两个年龄阶段。对于A型桡骨远段骨折以往的治疗观点首选闭合复位石膏外固定,但老年患者常常存在复位不良、再移位、畸形愈合、无法早期功能锻炼导致腕关节功能不良等并发症。随着微创理念不断发展和掌侧锁定钢板在桡骨远段骨折治疗中得到越来越多的应用,本院自2010年8月对部分老年A型桡骨远段骨折采用经皮掌侧锁定钢板治疗,主要分析其疗效。
糖尿病人群HbA1c控制水平对血清Hcy、hs-CRP水平的影响

目的探讨糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)的控制水平与同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)的浓度相关性,以便早期对糖尿病并发症进行预测、诊断。方法选择24例正常体检者(正常对照组)和近2年内新确诊为糖尿病(DM)患者82例(实验组),对新确诊病例每3个月检测1次HbA1c,按照1年内HbA1c的平均控制水平将DM分为4个等级,分组后检测其血清中的 Hcy、hs-CRP浓度。HbA1c检测采用亲和层析高压液相法,Hcy检测采用化学发光法,hs-CRP检测采用速率散射比浊法,生化检测使用日立7600全自动生化分析仪。结果正常对照组与实验组的HbA1c、Hcy、hs-CRP的平均浓度分别为(5.38±0.53)%、(5.24±1.55)μmol/L、(1.28±0.29)mg/L和(8.52±2.53)%、(10.65±3.01)μmol/L、(3.55±1.77)mg/L,组间比较差异有统计学意义(均 P <0.005);按照HbA1c的平均控制水平将DM分为4组后各组间血清中的 Hcy、hs-CRP水平差异具有统计学意义(均 P <0.05)。结论HbA1c控制水平直接影响DM体内Hcy、hs-CRP的浓度,同时检测hs-CRP及Hcy水平也可从一个侧面明确内皮炎症的存在和内皮功能障碍的程度,所以对DM患者不仅要检测血糖及其代谢产物,还要关注hs-CRP及Hcy水平,必要时可以通过干预hs-CRP及Hcy的水平,延缓血管损害的发生。
Comparison between Doppler echocardiography and hot-film anemometry in measuring the turbulent shear stress downstream of artificial mitral valves: a methodological study

Background Turbulent shear stress (TSS) plays an important role in the research of fluid dynamics of heart valves. This study aimed to perform a quantitative study of TSS downstream of porcine artificial mitral valves in order to verify the correlation of hot-film anemometry (HFA) and Doppler echocardiography combined with computer-aided image analysis for the detection of TSS. ethods A porcine model of mitral valve replacement was established. HFA and Doppler ultrasound techniques were used to directly and indirectly measure TSS-relevant parameters of the artificial mitral valve following different mitral valve replacements: different approaches were used to reserve the subvalvular apparatus of the mitral valve. A correlation analysis was then carried out. esults There was a significant correlation between the HFA and Doppler ultrasound combined with computer-aided image analysis of the TSS at the same time and at the same site. No significant difference was found in the TSS measured by the two methods. onclusions Compared with HFA, Doppler echocardiography combined with computer-aided image analysis is a safe, non-invasive, and real-time method that enables accurate and quantitative detection of TSS downstream in vivo, objectively reflecting the flow field downstream of the artificial mitral valve. Doppler ultrasound combined with computer-aided image analysis can be employed for quantitatively evaluating the downstream hemodynamic performance of the mitral valve.
HIV/AIDS相关慢性腹泻患者几种肠道寄生虫感染检测分析

随着HIV/AIDS患者不断增加,其相关的合并感染越来越引起人们的关注。艾滋病合并寄生虫感染的研究对预防混合感染的发生、延缓艾滋病的进程、提高HIV感染者的生活质量、指导临床诊断和治疗具有重要意义。肠道寄生虫检验应作为HIV/AIDS患者常规检测项目。
健康管理学与健康管理师--人群健康领域的一个新学科、卫生行业的新职业

综上所述,健康管理学以及它的特色内容健康风险评估技术,不仅在一定程度上能够预测健康与疾病的风险,而且注重平时的健康监测、维护和疾病预防,对一些亚临床的健康问题也可以通过生活方式的管理开展个性化的干预和治疗,以达到提高健康水平、降低疾病风险的目的。因此,了解和掌握健康管理学的理念、方法以及健康风险评估技术,对于慢性病的早期发现和有效控制非常重要。尤其是对于提供基本医疗卫生服务的社区医院、职工医院以及健康体检机构的医护人员,如果掌握了这些技术,可以在提供临床医疗服务的同时,开展长期的健康教育、健康监测、健康维护和健康管理,对个体和人群,通过积极实施健康风险预测、评估和分层干预、管理,将疾病的风险控制在发病之前或早期,为提高居民的健康水平、早期发现健康隐患、预防重大疾病的发生而提供高质量的健康管理服务。
肿瘤自身抗体在食管癌诊断中的作用

常用的食管癌血清标志对于食管癌的早期诊断敏感性低、特异性差。近5年来,在食管癌研究领域,有关肿瘤相关抗原自身抗体方面的研究取得了较大进展,为最终找到有助于食管癌早期诊断的有效生物标志提供了新的途径。为此,本文在介绍肿瘤自身抗体产生的分子机制的基础上,就自身抗体在食管癌早期诊断中的应用情况以及对自身抗体的鉴定方法也进行了综述。
The Rectifying Property and Photovoltaic Effect in the La_(0.8)Ag_(0.2)MnO_3/SrTiO_3-Nb Heterojunction

A p–n junction composed of Ag~+-doped manganite La_(0.8)Ag_(0.2)MnO_3(LAMO) and Nb-0.5wt%-doped SrTiO_3(STON) was fabricated using the pulsed laser deposition method. The heterojunction exhibits a good rectifying property over a wide temperature range from 20 to 390 K. The minimum diffusion potential and the lowest leakage currents under different negative voltages both occur at 320 K, which is around the metallic-insulator transition temperature of the LAMO film. The photovoltage rises with the decreasing temperature and wavelength of the laser beam. Under the illumination of a 473nm laser beam, the photovoltage grows as the light power increases and seems to be saturated at about 300mW. The maximum V_(oc) is 0.76 V, which is close to the diffusion voltage.
Characteristics of 355nm Laser Damage in Bulk Materials

The laser damage resistances of four crystals (CaF_2, MgF_2, Al_2O_3, and SiO_2) and fused silica (JGS1) irradiated at 355nm (8 ns, 300-on-1) are reported. The laser-induced damage threshold is measured using a tripled Nd:YAG laser system. The results obtained from the pure crystals are in accordance with their specific optical, mechanical, and thermal properties. An empirical law based on the Franz–Keldysh effect can interpret the experimental results.
The Realization of Terahertz Image Reconstruction with High Resolution Based on the Amplitude of the Echoed Wave by using the Phase Retrieval Algorithm

An indirect imager working at terahertz band is presented and implemented, which is suitable for high-resolution planar object detection. The proposed imager employs a simple quasi-optics design to transmit and to receive terahertz waves, and adopts incoherent detection technology to extract the intensity of echoed signal, which results in a relatively low complexity and cost. Moreover, the Fienup Fourier phase-retrieval algorithm is successfully modified and is applied to retrieve the phase of the echoed signal and reconstruct the target image. Imaging experiments on typical planar objects are performed with the imager working at 0.2 THz, and the experimental results demonstrate the good performance of the proposed imager and validate the effectiveness of the reconstruction algorithm.
Continuous-Wave Operation of Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers at 3.2 THz

We demonstrate continuous-wave (cw) operation of terahertz (THz) quantum cascade lasers emitting at 3.2 THz based on bound-to-continuum active region and semi-insulating surface-plasmon waveguide design. Optical power of 62mW with a threshold current density of 285 A/cm~2 is obtained at 10K from a 130-μm-wide and 1.5-mm-long laser in cw operation. Maximum cw operation temperature is up to 60 K. In pulsed mode, peak optical power more than 100mW at 10K and 2.1mW at 85K are observed from a 230-μm-wide and 2-mm-long device.
Direct Numerical Simulation of Chemical Non-equilibrium Turbulent Flow

Temporally evolving high-temperature turbulent channel flows (at Ma_∞=6 and 10 and Re_∞=12000) are performed by using direct numerical simulation with the assumption of local thermal equilibrium and chemical non-equilibrium. The turbulent statistical characteristics are studied. We find that the Morkovin theory for the Van Direst transformed velocity remains valid, while the compressibility effects need to be considered since the turbulent Mach number is high enough, especially for the higher Mach number case. The dissociation/ recombination reactions are excited, which are proved by the mean temperature, mass fractions and specific heat ratio. The importance of the mean property variations is studied from the rms velocity and mass fraction fluctuations.
Microbial Community Dynamics During Biogas Slurry and Cow Manure Compost

This study evaluated the microbial community dynamics and maturation time of two compost systems: biogas slurry compost and cow manure compost, with the aim of evaluating the potential utility of a biogas slurry compost system. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), gene clone library, temperature, C/N ratio, and the germination index were employed for the investigation, cow manure compost was used as the control. Results showed that the basic strip and dominant strips of the DGGE bands for biogas slurry compost were similar to those of cow manure compost, but the brightness of the respective strips for each system were different. Shannon-Weaver indices of the two compost systems differed, possessing only 22% similarity in the primary and maturity stages of the compost process. Using bacterial 16S rRNA gene clone library analysis, 88 bacterial clones were detected. Further, 18 and 13 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were present in biogas slurry and cow manure compost, respectively. The 18 OTUs of the biogas slurry compost belonged to nine bacterial genera, of which the dominant strains were Bacillus sp. and Carnobacterium sp.; the 13 OTUs of the cow manure compost belonged to eight bacterial genera, of which the dominant strains were Psychrobacter sp., Pseudomonas sp., and Clostridium sp. Results demonstrated that the duration of the thermophilic phase (more than 50°C) for biogas slurry compost was 8 d less than the according duration for cow manure compost, and the maturation times for biogas slurry and cow manure compost were 45 and 60 d, respectively. It is an effective biogas slurry assimilate technology by application of biogas slurry as nitrogen additives in the manufacture of organic fertilizer.
Screening and Analysis of Proteins Interacting with TaPDK from Physiological Male Sterility Induced by CHA in Wheat

To further research the regulatory network of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (designated as TaPDK) in physiological male-sterility (PHYMS) of wheat induced by chemical hybridizing agent (CHA) SQ-1, an anther cDNA library was constructed, and the proteins interacting with TaPDK were screened via yeast two-hybrid technique. Subsequently, a few candidate proteins in nucleotide expression levels were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. Yeast-two hybrid screening was performed by mating yeast strain Y2HGold containing BD-TaPDK bait plasmid with yeast strain Y187 including anther cDNA library plasmid. Diploid yeast cells were plated on synthetic dropout nutrient medium (SD/-Ade/-His/-Leu/-Trp) (QDO), and further were incubated on QDO medium containing AbA and X-α-Gal. The interactions between TaPDK and the proteins obtained from positive colonies were further confirmed by co-transformation validation. After plasmids DNA were extracted from blue colonies and sequenced, the sequences results were analyzed by bioinformatic methods. Finally, 24 colonies were obtained, including eight genes, namely non-specific lipid-transfer protein precursor (TanLTP), polyubiquitin (TaPUbi), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (TaPCNA), CBS domain containing protein (TaCBS), actin, guanine nucleotide-binding protein beta subunit, chalcone synthase, and three new genes with unknown function. The results of quantitative RT-PCR showed that the expression levels of TanLTP, TaPUbi, and TaPCNA were obviously up-regulated in PHYMS anther, and TaCBS expression was only increased at the tricellular stage in PHYMS anther compared with in fertile lines. Whereas, the expression of TaPDK was obviously down-regulated in PHYMS lines. Collectively, these datas indicated that the majority of candidate proteins might be related to pollen abortion in PHYMS lines, which further suggested that TaPDK plays multiple roles in pollen development, besides participating in regulating pyruvate dehydrogenase complex activity.
老年人Ⅱ型齿状突骨折的治疗进展

枢椎齿状突骨折约占成人颈椎骨折的9%~15%。对于老年人来说,齿状突骨折是最常见的颈椎骨折类型,且随着人口老龄化其发生率仍在升高。老年人齿状突骨折多发生于平地摔倒等轻微外伤,其中Anderson-D'AlonzoⅡ型骨折可占到90%以上。由于枢椎齿状突独特的解剖结构,加之老年人骨质疏松、身体状况差等原因,老年人发生齿状突骨折尤其是Ⅱ型骨折后,出现骨折不愈合的概率较高,如何选择治疗方案尤为重要。手术治疗虽然可以获得相对较高的融合率, 但对于老年人易引起肺部感染、呼吸衰竭、深静脉血栓等围手术期并发症;保守治疗虽可免除手术风险,但却常常导致骨折不愈合、上颈椎长期不稳以及迟发性神经损伤等。近年来,微创技术在上颈椎领域的应用在一定程度上降低了传统手术治疗的风险并取得了较好的疗效,但因为没有得到推广且应用于老年人的例数不多,尚不能代替传统治疗方法。因此关于最佳治疗方案的选择一直备受争议。笔者对老年人(65岁以上)Ⅱ型齿状突骨折不同治疗方式的适应证、治疗效果、优缺点和并发症综述如下。
Fine Mapping of RppP25, a Southern Rust Resistance Gene in Maize

Southern rust (Puccinia polysora Underw.) is a major disease that can cause severe yield losses in maize (Zea mays L.). In our previous study, a major gene RppP25 that confers resistance to southern rust was identified in inbred line P25. Here, we report the fine mapping and candidate gene analysis of RppP25 from the near-isogenic line F939, which harbors RppP25 in the genetic background of the susceptible inbred line F349. The inheritance of resistance to southern rust was investigated in the BC_1F_1 and BC_3F_1 populations, which were derived from a cross between F939 and F349 (as the recurrent parent). The 1:1 segregation ratio of resistance to susceptible plants in these two populations indicated that the resistance is controlled by a single dominant gene. Ten markers, including three simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and seven insertion/deletion (InDel) markers, were developed in the RppP25 region. RppP25 was delimited to an interval between P091 and M271, with an estimated length of 40 kb based on the physical map of B73. In this region, a candidate gene was identified that was predicted to encode a putative nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) protein. Two co-segregated markers will aid in pyramiding diverse southern rust resistance alleles into elite materials, and thereby improve southern rust resistance worldwide.
原发性失眠症的心理病理研究进展

原发性失眠症(primary insomnia,PI)是一种排除药物或其他精神疾病的原因,在入睡或维持睡眠上存在困难。PI与注意力集中及记忆方面的缺陷有关,影响到日常生活、工作和交际,另外还可能导致其他一些心理障碍,有如抑郁和焦虑。失眠症是一种常见心理障碍,有调查发现有9%~15%的人受某种慢性失眠的困扰,1%~2%达到PI的临床标准,占各类就诊失眠患者的20%。PI的病理涉及了生理、认知和行为等因素。认知理论强调对睡眠缺陷的扭曲感知、对睡眠的错误信念、控制睡眠的意向和努力以及对睡眠的忧虑等认知和情绪因素的作用。心理生理抑制模型认为正常的认知和情绪去唤醒被抑制是导致PI最根本的原因。注意-意图-努力模型认为睡眠的自动性先后被选择性地注意睡眠、明显的睡眠意图以及为入睡作出的直接或间接努力所破坏。研究者们已经建立了比较系统的心理病理模型,并且形成了一系列的治疗方法。本文旨在对这些理论模型和疗法进行综述。
多层螺旋CT在上尿路梗阻性病变中的应用价值

目的探讨多层螺旋CT(MSCT)在上尿路梗阻性病变中的应用价值。方法收集经病理或临床证实的上尿路梗阻性病变81例,进行MSCT检查及尿路三维重建,并进行回顾性分析。结果81例患者中输尿管结石56例,输尿管炎症6例,输尿管息肉1例,输尿管囊肿1例,输尿管癌7例,邻近组织恶性病变侵犯输尿管4例,膀胱癌5例,膀胱炎1例。三维重建图像能清晰显示输尿管走行、腔内改变、梗阻部位及原因,且显示管壁及腔外情况清晰。结论 MSCT图像质量好,对上尿路梗阻性病变的原因综合判断能力较强,具有较好的应用价值。
针刺配合穴位隔姜灸治疗顽固性面瘫的临床观察

目的:观察针刺配合穴位隔姜灸治疗顽固性面瘫的疗效。方法:对46例顽固性面瘫患者行患侧面部针刺及穴位隔姜灸。结果:46例患者的症状均有不同程度的好转。结论:针刺配合穴位隔姜灸治疗顽固性面瘫方法简便易行、安全有效,无明显不良反应,可作为治疗顽固性面瘫的主要治疗方法之一。
杂交粳稻花优14高产栽培技术

从提高整田质量、适期精量播栽、搁田控苗、提高成穗率、前氮后移、氮、磷、钾养分平衡施用、合理水浆管理、加强病虫害防治等方面介绍了中熟晚粳杂交稻花优14的高产栽培技术。
深两优5814特征特性及精确定量栽培技术

在桂林对深两优5814的特征特性进行了观察,同时设置了(23.3~40.0)cm×13.3 cm 6个密度处理,研究不同栽插密度对深两优5814产量、生育期及主要性状的影响。结果表明,不同栽插密度对深两优5814的生育进程、全生育期产量无显著影响,以密度为33.3 cm×13.3 cm处理产量稍高,说明该组合栽插方便,有利于该组合的推广。提出了该组合基于叶龄模式的精确定量栽培技术,并进行了成功示范。
小离子的大功能

人体免疫系统是机体识别并抵抗"非自体物质"影响的重要屏障,初步分为获得性免疫系统和天然免疫系统。获得性免疫系统识别病原体所携带的"外来抗原"从而引发特异性的免疫反应 ;天然免疫系统识别病原体所携带的"外来模式",从而产生非特异性的免疫反应。T 淋巴细胞(简称T细胞)是获得性免疫系统中重要的功能细胞,它表达T 细胞抗原受体(TCR)于细胞表面,从而负责识别抗原,并指挥其他免疫细胞进行免疫应答。TCR 是由配体识别亚基TCRαβ 及信号亚基CD3εγ、εδ 与ζζ 共同组成的一个四亚基复合物。TCRαβ通过基因重排的方式形成庞大的TCR 受体库,从而识别机体和环境中各式各样的抗原。而另一方面,保守的信号亚基(包括一条CD3γ 链、一条CD3δ 链、两条CD3ε 链及两条ζ 链)则通过多个免疫受体酪氨酸激活模体(ITAM)来行使其传递信号的功能。
博士生的成功之道(14)-我们为什么热爱科学研究

今天开始动笔的时候,我想到了我早年的一位博士后。作为青年学者,他并不特别,一样的优秀,一样的富有朝气。曰常,我做我的科研,他做他的科研。有一小段时期,我突然意识到他好像有些天不来学校了,找,也没有找到,这有大约一个月,真的有点急了。到谜底揭开的时候,我才知道在这差不多一个月的时间里,他在看金庸的武侠小说。"都看完了",他对我说。看起来他是白天晚上地在看。他挨了批评,但也在我心头留下了谜--金庸小说有这么大的力量?我虽然还没看过他的小说,但我知道他的小说很受欢迎。