mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Temporal and regional variations of China’s fertilizer consumption by crops during 1998-2008

The agricultural and land policies in China are always focused on protecting its food supply and security because of the country’s large population and improved diets.The crop production guide ’Take Grain as the Key Link’ prompted peasants to plant grain on most of the agricultural land,leading to the majority of fertilizer being used in grain crops for many years in China.This situation has changed dramatically in recent years.Based on data pertaining to provincial crops sown area and fertilizer use per unit area in 1998 and 2008,the temporal and spatial variations of China’s fertilizer consumption by crops were analyzed at the provincial level,and the results are presented here.(1) Fertilizer consumption in China grew strongly in the last decade,while the growth was mainly attributable to the increase of fertilizer con-sumption by horticultural crops.The fertilizer consumption of grain crops dropped from 71.0% in 1998 to 57.8% in 2008.Thus,it is concluded that the emphasis of fertilizer consumption is shifting toward horticultural crops.(2) There were marked differences in the growth rates of fertilizer consumption from the regional point of view.The national average growth rate of fertilizer consumption was 31.9% during 1998-2008.The western and northeastern parts of the country came close to the national average,while the eastern part was lower,with an average of 13.0%,and central China was much higher(50.8%).The increase of fertilizer consumption in central and west China was higher than the other zones,which already ac-counted for 77.9% of the national total.Thus,it is concluded that the consumption emphasis of chemical fertilizer shifts toward the central and western regions.(3) The decline of fertilizer consumption by grain crops was largely due to the decrease in sown area compared with the increase by vegetable crops attributable to the enlarging sown area;the increase by orchard crops was affected by both expanding the sown area and fertilizer use per unit area.
Statistical and environmental analyses for the definition of a regional rainfall threshold system for landslide triggering in Tuscany(Italy)

The aim of this work is the determination of regional-scale rainfall thresholds for the triggering of landslides in the Tuscany Region(Italy).The critical rainfall events related to the occurrence of 593 past landslides were characterized in terms of duration(D) and intensity(I).I and D values were plotted in a log-log diagram and a lower boundary was clearly noticeable:it was interpreted as a threshold representing the rainfall conditions associated to landsliding.That was also confirmed by a comparison with many literature thresholds,but at the same time it was clear that a similar threshold would be affected by a too large approximation to be effectively used for a regional warning system.Therefore,further analyses were performed differentiating the events on the basis of seasonality,magnitude,location,land use and lithology.None of these criteria led to discriminate among all the events different groups to be characterized by a specific and more effective threshold.This outcome could be interpreted as the demonstration that at regional scale the best results are obtained by the simplest ap-proach,in our case an empirical black box model which accounts only for two rainfall pa-rameters(I and D).So a set of thresholds could be conveniently defined using a statistical approach:four thresholds corresponding to four severity levels were defined by means of the prediction interval technique and we developed a prototype warning system based on rainfall recordings or weather forecasts.
Plasmid-based Survivin shRNA and GRIM-19 carried by attenuated Salmonella suppresses tumor cell growth

Persistent activation of Survivin and its overexpression contribute to the formation, progression and metastasis of several different tumor types. Therefore, Survivin is an ideal target for RNA interference mediated-growth inhibition. Blockade of Survivin using specific short hairpin RNAs (shRNA) can significantly reduce prostate tumor growth. RNA interference does not fully ablate target gene expression, owing to the idiosyncrasies associated with shRNAs and their targets. To enhance the therapeutic efficacy of Survivin-specific shRNA, we employed a combinatorial expression of Survivin-specific shRNA and gene associated with retinoid-interferon-induced mortality-19 (GRIM-19). Then, the GRIM-19 coding sequences and Survivin-specific shRNAs were used to create a dual expression plasmid vector and were carried by an attenuated strain of Salmonella enteric serovar typhimurium (S. typhimurium) to treat prostate cancer in vitro and in vivo. We found that the co-expressed Survivin-specific shRNA and GRIM-19 synergistically and more effectively inhibited prostate tumor proliferation and survival, when compared with treatment with either single agent alone in vitro and in vivo. This study has provided a novel cancer gene therapeutic approach for prostate cancer.
农村消费品市场营销策略探讨

随着农民收入的增加与生活水平的提高,农村消费品市场正在发生显著的变化,形成了潜力巨大的市场。而农村消费品零售额占全社会消费品零售额的比重只有30%左右,如何拉动农村消费已成为当务之急。因此就农村消费品市场的现状、营销策略和促进农村消费品市场健康发展等问题进行简要阐述。
化州市土地开发补充耕地与基本农田土壤理化性状差异研究

通过调查化州市5个基本农田和4个土地开发新增耕地样点的土壤容重、pH值、有机碳、全氮、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量,明确各样点土壤理化特征差异。方差分析结果显示:样点间土壤各理化性状差异明显。多元数据分析结果显示,pH值较低和速效钾含量较高是当前新增耕地与基本农田理化性状差异的主要影响因素。进一步因地制宜的实施有效的农田管理措施,提高新增耕地土壤质量、增强土地生产力潜力,最终提高土地的质量等级,是未来工作的重点之一。
我国输血标准化现状及管理对策

输血作为战创伤救治的主要手段之一,首先要保证其安全。输血安全一是保证献血者的安全,二是杜绝输血传播疾病的发生,三是保证输血操作准确无误,四是减少输血不良反应的发生。血液标准化工作是将科学技术转化为保障血液安全生产力的桥梁,对保障输血安全具有重要作用和意义。
Two New Tirucallane-Type Triterpenoids from the Stem Barks of Aphanamixis grandifolia and Their Cytotoxic Activities

Two new tirucallane-type triterpenoids, 3α,24β,25-trihydroxy-21,21-dimethoxy-23-oxo-tirucall-7-ene (1) and 3α-acetoxy-21β-methoxy-24,25,26,27-tetranortirucall-7-ene-23(21)-lactone (2), were isolated from the stem barks of Aphanamixis grandifolia, and their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data analysis including 1D, 2D NMR, IR, and ESI-MS spectral methods. The two isolates were evaluated for their cytotoxicities using NCI-H460 and HeLa cell lines.
An Insect Imaging System to Automate Rice Light-Trap Pest Identification

Identification and counting of rice light-trap pests are important to monitor rice pest population dynamics and make pest forecast. Identification and counting of rice light-trap pests manually is time-consuming, and leads to fatigue and an increase in the error rate. A rice light-trap insect imaging system is developed to automate rice pest identification. This system can capture the top and bottom images of each insect by two cameras to obtain more image features. A method is proposed for removing the background by color difference of two images with pests and non-pests. 156 features including color, shape and texture features of each pest are extracted into an support vector machine (SVM) classifier with radial basis kernel function. The seven-fold cross-validation is used to improve the accurate rate of pest identification. Four species of Lepidoptera rice pests are tested and achieved 97.5% average accurate rate.
Root Morphology and Physiology in Relation to the Yield Formation of Rice

Root system is a vital part of plant and regulates many aspects of shoot growth and development. This paper reviews how some traits of root morphology and physiology are related to the formation of grain yield in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Higher root biomass, root oxidation activity, and cytokinin contents in roots are required for achieving more panicle number, more spikelets per panicle, greater grain-filling percentage, and higher grain yield. However, these root traits are not linearly correlated with yield components. When these traits reach very high levels, grain filling and grain yield are not necessarily enhanced. High numbers of mitochondria, Golgi bodies, and amyloplasts in root tip cells benefit root and shoot growth and yield formation. Proper crop management, such as an alternate wetting and moderate soil drying irrigation, can significantly improve ultra-structure of root tip cells, increase root length density and concentration of cytokinins in root bleedings, and consequently, increase grain-filling percentage, grain yield, and water use efficiency. Further studies are needed to investigate the mechanism underlying root-shoot and root-soil interactions for high grain yield, the roles of root-sourced hormones in regulating crop growth and development and the effects of soil moisture and nutrient management on the root architecture and physiology.
Cell viability and dopamine secretion of 6-hydroxydopamine-treated PC12 cells co-cultured with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells

In the present study, PC12 cells induced by 6-hydroxydopamine as a model of Parkinson's Disease, were used to investigate the protective effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells against 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neurotoxicity and to verify whether the mechanism of action relates to abnormal a-synuclein accumulation in cells. Results showed that co-culture with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells enhanced PC12 cell viability and dopamine secretion in a cell dose-dependent manner. MitoLight staining was used to confirm that PC12 cells co-cultured with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells demonstrate reduced levels of cell apoptosis. Immunocytochemistry and western blot analysis found the quantity of a-synuclein accumulation was significantly reduced in PC12 cell and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell co-cultures. These results indicate that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells can attenuate 6-hydroxydopamine-induced cytotoxicity by reducing abnormal a-synuclein accumulation in PC12 cells.
Curcumin protects nigral dopaminergic neurons by iron-chelation in the 6-hydroxydopamine rat model of Parkinson's disease

Objective Curcumin is a plant polyphenolic compound and a major component of spice turmeric (Curcuma longa). It has been reported to possess free radical-scavenging, iron-chelating, and anti-inflammatory properties in dif- ferent tissues. Our previous study showed that curcumin protects MES23.5 dopaminergic cells from 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced neurotoxicity in vitro. The present study aimed to explore this neuroprotective effect in the 6-OHDA-lesioned rat model of Parkinson’s disease in vivo. Methods Rats were given intragastric curcumin for 24 days. 6-OHDA lesioning was conducted on day 4 of curcumin treatment. Dopamine content was assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-containing neurons by immunohistochemistry, and iron-containing cells by Perls’ iron staining. Results The dopamine content in the striatum and the number of TH-immunoreactive neurons decreased after 6-OHDA treatment. Curcumin pretreatment reversed these changes. Further studies demonstrated that 6-OHDA treatment increased the number of iron-staining cells, which was dramatically decreased by curcumin pretreatment. Conclusion The protective effects of curcumin against 6-OHDA may be attributable to the ironchelating activity of curcumin to suppress the iron-induced degeneration of nigral dopaminergic neurons.
Overexpression of estrogen receptor beta alleviates the toxic effects of beta-amyloid protein on PC12 cells via non-hormonal ligands

After binding to the estrogen receptor, estrogen can alleviate the toxic effects of beta-amyloid protein, and thereby exert a therapeutic effect on Alzheimer's disease patients. Estrogen can increase the incidence of breast carcinoma and endometrial cancer in post-menopausal women, so it is not suitable for clinical treatment of Alzheimer's disease. There is recent evidence that the estrogen receptor can exert its neuroprotective effects without estrogen dependence. Real-time quantitative PCR and flow cytometry results showed that, compared with non-transfected PC12 cells, adenovirus-mediated estrogen receptor p gene-transfected PC12 cells exhibited lower expression of tumor necrosis factor a and interleukin 1β under stimulation with beta-amyloid protein and stronger protection from apoptosis. The Akt-specific inhibitor Abi-2 decreased the anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of estrogen receptor β gene-transfection. These findings suggest that overexpression of estrogen receptor β can alleviate the toxic effect of beta-amyloid protein on PC12 cells, without estrogen dependence. The Akt pathway is one of the potential means for the anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of the estrogen receptor.
多点执业对双向转诊制的影响及分析

多点执业的进行为双向转诊制的有利实施提供了可能.开展多点执业对双向转诊部分现状起到一定的缓解作用,缓和了群众基层看病难、看病贵现状.多点执业的推行,究竟如何影响双向转诊制?
儿童获得性癫癎性岛盖综合征1例报道

通过对本例获得性癫痫性岛盖综合征的诊断及治疗体会到,在临床工作中,如果遇到临床表现与Landau-Kleffner综合征相似,脑电图表现为Rolandic区为主的棘慢波,睡眠中放电明显增多,甚至伴有ESES现象者,如无言语听觉失认应考虑为儿童BECTS变异型———获得性癫痫性岛盖综合征的可能。
Kidneys in chronic liver diseases

Acute kidney injury(AKI),defined as an abrupt increase in the serum creatinine level by at least 0.3 mg/dL,occurs in about 20% of patients hospitalized for decompensating liver cirrhosis.Patients with cirrhosis are susceptible to developing AKI because of the progressive vasodilatory state,reduced effective blood volume and stimulation of vasoconstrictor hormones.The most common causes of AKI in cirrhosis are pre-renal azotemia,hepatorenal syndrome and acute tubular necrosis.Differential diagnosis is based on analysis of circumstances of AKI development,natriuresis,urine osmolality,response to withdrawal of diuretics and volume repletion,and rarely on renal biopsy.Chronic glomerulonephritis and obstructive uropathy are rare causes of azotemia in cirrhotic patients.AKI is one of the last events in the natural history of chronic liver disease,therefore,such patients should have an expedited referral for liver transplantation.Hepatorenal syndrome(HRS) is initiated by progressive portal hypertension,and may be prematurely triggered by bacterial infections,nonbacterial systemic inflammatory reactions,excessive diuresis,gastrointestinal hemorrhage,diarrhea or nephrotoxic agents.Each type of renal disease has a specific treatment approach ranging from repletion of the vascular system to renal replacement therapy.The treatment of choice in type 1 hepatorenal syndrome is a combination of vasoconstrictor with albumin infusion,which is effective in about 50% of patients.The second-line treatment of HRS involves a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt,renal vasoprotection or systems of artificial liver support.
非青光眼性大视杯

病理性大视杯多见于慢性或正常眼压性青光眼,然而并非所有病理性大视杯都为青光眼所致,许多非青光眼疾病最终出现视神经萎缩也可引起病理性视杯扩大,称为非青光眼性病理性大视杯(NGODC)。NGODC发生率较低,目前尚没有较大样本的研究证实视神经和视网膜疾病发生NGODC的比率,但正因为发生率低,因此经常不被临床医生发现和重视。据统计,在临床工作中,约20%的这类患者被误诊并按青光眼进行治疗。因此,对于神经眼科、眼底病和青光眼专业的医生而言,正确认识这一病理现象,合理诊断和治疗相关疾病具有重要的临床意义。
符合2010版GMP要求的过滤工艺溶出物/析出物验证

结合新版GMP要求、中外法规比较和西方制药实践,阐述溶出物/析出物验证是过滤工艺验证的组成部分,并对溶出物/析出物验证的定义、区别、验证常用方法和后续安全性评估方式进行介绍。
儿童急性局灶性细菌性肾炎并发肾脓肿一例

患儿女,10岁,因发热伴间断呕吐4d人院。病史中有1次排全程均匀茶色尿,无尿路剌激症状,无明显尿液混浊。否认病前上呼吸道感染、皮肤感染及疖肿病史,否认既往泌尿系感染病史。查体:T39.8°c,急性病容,右肾叩击痛明显,余无阳性体征。辅助检查:尿蛋白3+,隐血3+,WBC3+,RBC可疑,LEU3+,血Hb100-117g/L,WBC13.4xl09/L,N0.75,CRP2.14g/L,血钾3.0mmol/L,余电解质及肾功能正常,ESR105mm/h,血培养阴性,6次尿培养均阴性,尿涂片找菌阴性。尿P2-MG5.7mg/L,al-MG21.8mg/L,微量白蛋白37.4mg/L,NAG酶15.8U/L,均高于正常。人院时B超:右肾形态饱满,回声不均匀增强,内可见片状强回声区,皮髓质界限不清,右肾上下极血流信号稀疏。人院第3天肾脏强化CT:右肾轮廓增大,见多发不规则低灌注区,皮髓质均受累,其内可见斑片状轻度强化区,左肾实质明显强化,延迟后右肾实质内病变密度减低,病变边界较清楚。1周后复查B超示右肾上极5.7cmx4.7cm,下极5.0cmx4.0cm低回声区,考虑脓肿形成。诊断:急性局灶性细菌性肾炎并发右肾脓肿。泌尿外科会诊:因右肾上下极2个脓肿形成,建议先于内科保守治疗,观察脓肿变化,外科随诊。人院最初予头孢哌酮+舒巴坦抗感染治疗,因无效且症状加重,改用美罗培南后,体温下降至37.8X1。第18天体温完全正常,腰痛缓解。第11天时,尿液排较多絮状物及条索状坏死样物质,持续3周余,尿液转清亮。1个月后复查强化CT:右肾实质内仍可见多发低灌注区,皮髓质均受累,右肾上下极可见局限性未强化区,边缘较清楚,与前片比较,右肾形态恢复正常,右肾灌注减低区较前缩小,并于右肾上、下极形成囊腔。治疗过程中每隔1周复查1次肾脏B超,显示右肾肿块性质由囊实性逐渐转变为实性,范围逐渐缩小。共住院48d,患儿体温正常,无不适,尿检正常出院。出院后于肾脏门诊随诊复查B超,肿块范围逐渐缩出院后3个月,肾脏B超检查正常。建议复査强化CT,但家属拒绝。随诊共8个月,患儿无复发,无不适主诉,尿检正吊.
前列泰片盐酸水苏碱定量测定方法改进

目的改进前列泰片药品标准盐酸水苏碱定量测定方法。方法采用薄层扫描法(TLCS法);供试品溶液制备中将1%盐酸甲醇溶液提取调整为甲醇溶液提取;对照品质量浓度由1 mg/mL调整为2 mg/mL,点样量为2μL和4μL;供试品点样量由2μL调整为4μL;显色条件改为薄层板在105℃加热15 min,放冷,喷以稀碘化铋钾试液-1%三氯化铁乙醇溶液(10∶1)的混合液显色。结果盐酸水苏碱在2.284~11.420μg范围内,线性关系良好,r=0.999 1;对照品斑点与供试品斑点显色更加清晰、集中,分离度、稳定性、重复性好。结论改进后的方法提升了检验结果的准确性和可靠性,可有效地控制前列泰片的质量。
江边一碗水的药用研究概况

江边一碗水来源于小檗科植物南方山荷叶、八角莲及六角莲等的干燥根茎,历代本草专著均以鬼臼之名将其收载。因该类植物品种多样,异名繁多,成分复杂且具有广泛的药理作用及临床应用价值。故本文对其基源、成分、药理和临床应用等进行了全面概述,为进一步合理开发利用该类药材提供资料依据,以促进用药安全有效。
Preparation and Characterization of Fe_3O_4/T-ZnOw Composites

Fe_3O_4/T-ZnOw composites are fabricated by depositing a layer of Fe_3O_4 film on the surface of tetrapod-shaped ZnO whisker (T-ZnOw) by ferrite plating method. The morphology, structure and magnetic properties of the composites are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM), respectively. The effects of temperature and pH value of ferrite plating on the Fe_3O_4/T-ZnOw composites and the magnetic properties of composites are studied. It is shown that the chemical environment with pH value at 7.5 is most favorable for the ferrite plating processes by analyzing the main peaks intensity of Fe_3O_4 in the XRD patterns and the average diameters of the Fe_3O_4 crystalline. The increase of the ferrite plating temperature with pH value around 7.5 benefits the whole encapsulation of T-ZnOw by the Fe_3O_4 magnetic films. The composites exhibit ferromagnetic properties and show much lower magnetization intensity than bulk samples at the same magnetic field intensity.
石墨烯固相萃取技术的最新进展

石墨烯及其复合物用作SPE吸附剂的研究才刚刚拉开帷幕。未来,随着石墨烯和氧化石墨烯的规模化制备技术的成熟,不同类型和不同组成的石墨烯复合物的制备、不同形式的石墨烯SPE萃取器件、不同领域样品和目标分析物分离富集的应用研究都将如雨后春笋般地涌现。
腰椎融合术后邻近节段退变的相关因素研究进展

自1911年Albee~([1])咱1暂和Hibbs~([2])开始采用腰椎后路椎板间植骨融合术治疗腰椎结核以来,腰椎融合术已经经历了长达100年的发展。腰椎融合术对多种腰椎疾患的疗效已久经考验,是目前腰椎常见退行性疾病的主要治疗方法之一。然而,腰椎融合术牺牲了病变节段原有的活动度,改变了邻近节段的应力分布,有潜在导致邻近节段退变加速的问题~([3])。近年来,该问题越来越受到国内外广大脊柱外科医生的关注。本文对腰椎融合术后邻近节段退变的概念、发生率、影响因素及临床对策等方面进行综述。
25项临床生物化学指标测量不确定度的评估

目的合理评估Roche P800全自动生化分析仪所测25项临床化学指标的测量不确定度。方法针对Roche P800全自动生化分析仪所测定的25项指标,通过批内重复性、批间重复性测定结果以及室间质评(CAP能力测试)结果等计算不确定度分量;同时利用变异系数(CV)计算标准不确定度;利用批内变异(CV_w)、批间变异(CV_b)和方法偏移(CV_(bias))等计算扩展不确定度(U)。结果25项临床生化常规检测指标在整个测定过程受各因素影响不一,其引入的测量不确定度的贡献亦相应不同。结论通过评估25项临床生物化学指标测定不确定度,以不确定度分量贡献大小来提供合理的临床生物化学检验质量改进依据。
A fast-convergence distributed support vector machine in small-scale strongly connected networks

In this paper, a fast-convergence distributed support vector machine (FDSVM) algorithm is proposed, aiming at efficiently solving the problem of distributed SVM training. Rather than exchanging information only among immediate neighbor sites, the proposed FDSVM employs a deterministic gossip protocol-based communication policy to accelerate diffusing information around the network, in which each site communicates with others in a flooding and iterative manner. This communication policy significantly reduces the total number of iterations, thus further speeding up the convergence of the algorithm. In addition, the proposed algorithm is proved to converge to the global optimum in finite steps over an arbitrary strongly connected network (SCN). Experiments on various benchmark data sets show that the proposed FDSVM consistently outperforms the related state-of-the-art approach for most networks, especially in the ring network, in terms of the total training time.
Some research works in the State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology and Systems

As we have stated, the above eight papers only cover a small sample of the research works that have being conducted in the State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology and Systems. Other exciting research directions that we have no space to introduce in this special issue include intelligent structure learning for complex data understanding, deep semantic understanding of Web-scale unstructured image/text data, the interdisciplinary research on the interface between machine learning and cognitive science, etc. Finally, we would express our sincere thanks to all the authors of the eight papers for their valuable contributions, and we would also like to deeply 198 Front. Electr. Electron. Eng. 2012, 7(2): 197–199 thank all the faculties, students, and staffs who have worked in the LITS state key lab. Without them, nothing will be possible!
Maximal terminal region approach for MPC using subsets sequence

For the sake of enlarging the domain of attraction of model predictive control (MPC), a novel approach of gradually approximating the maximal terminal state region is proposed in this paper. Given the terminal cost, both surrounding set sequence and subsets sequence of the maximal terminal region were constructed by employing one-step set expansion iteratively. It was theoretically proved that when the iteration time goes to infinity, both the surrounding set sequence and the subsets sequence will converge to the maximal terminal region. All surrounding and subsets sets in these sequences are extracted from the state space by exploiting support vector machine (SVM) classifier. Finally, simulations are implemented to validate the effectiveness of this approach.
Single and joint effects of HHCB and cadmium on zebrafish (Danio rerio) in feculent water containing bedloads

As an important type of emerging pollutants, ecological toxicity and risk of artificial musks are increasingly concerned. Thus, single and joint toxic effects of 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta-gamma-2-benzopyran (HHCB) as one of the most widely applied artificial musks and cadmium (Cd) as an toxic metal on zebrafish (Danio rerio) were investigated by the exposure of zebrafish to various concentrations of HHCB or/and Cd in feculent water containing bedloads. The results indicated that the joint effect of HHCB and Cd changed during different exposure times within 120 h. The index of the antioxidant enzyme system including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were sensitive and induced in the zebrafish stressed by Cd, and content of soluble protein (SP) was sensitive to HHCB and could be used as a biomarker for HHCB. Joint effects on antioxidant enzymes depended more on the effect of single Cd in the first one or two days. However, in the rest exposure days, the effect of HHCB began to dominate in the joint effect during the exposure process.
Chemical identification and genotoxicity analysis of petrochemical industrial wastewater

The actual harmful effects of industrial wastewater can not be reflected by the conventional water quality index. Therefore, the change in dissolved organic matter and the genetic toxicity of petrochemical wastewater were observed in the current study by examining the wastewater treatment plant of a large petrochemical enterprise in Northwest China. Using XAD-8, MSC, and DA-7 resins, the wastewater was separated into six fractions, namely, hydrophobic acid (HOA), hydrophobic neutral (HOB), hydrophobic alkaline, hydrophilic acid, hydrophilic alkaline, and hydrophilic neutral. Umu-test was used to detect the genetic toxicity of the wastewater samples, and fluorescence spectra were also obtained to examine genetic toxic substances. The results show that wastewater treatment facilities can effectively reduce the concentration of organic matter in petrochemical wastewater (p <0.05). However, the mixing of aniline wastewater can increase the amount of organic carbon (p <0.05) and can overload facilities. This finding shows that the mixed collection and joint treatment of different types of petrochemical wastewater can affect the water quality of the effluent. Particularly, hydrophobic substances can be difficult to remove and account for a relatively large proportion of the effluent. The mixture of aniline wastewater can increase the genetic toxicity of the effluent (p <0.05), and biologic treatment can not effectively decrease the toxicity. Most of the genetic toxicology may exist in the HOA and HOB fractions. Fluorescence spectroscopy also confirms this result, and tryptophan-like substances may play an important role in genetic toxicity.
不锈钢产业链集中度和盈利能力分析

在家电、汽车、船舶、建筑、五金等行业的强势拉动下,我国不锈钢行业发展迅速,已经成为世界第一大不锈钢消费国。为了满足飞速发展的不锈钢需求,国内不锈钢企业迅速扩张,新建、扩建项目如雨后春笋,不锈钢产量大幅增加。2005年中国不锈钢粗钢产量为370万吨,2010年达1235万吨,年均增长率达46.7%。中国不锈钢企业的快速扩张也加速了不锈钢产业链的巨变。