mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of embankment foundation creep in conditions of deep bedding of roof in permafrost soils

Railroad operating experience in permafrost conditions has shown that deformations of embankments on thawing foundations last for a long time. After an initial period of heat settlement due to permafrost degradation, the determining factor is the plastic flow of seasonal thawed soils of the foundation upper layer under the embankment. This paper provides a method to evaluate these deformations, and calculation examples using data from line sections of the Chum-Labytnangi Railway in northwestern Russia. It also discusses several methods of embankment stabilization, including the use of vertical thermosiphons.
Ultrasound measurement of the corpus callosum and neural development of premature infants

Length and thickness of 152 corpus cal osa were measured in neonates within 24 hours of birth. Using ultrasonic diagnostic equipment with a neonatal brain-specific probe, corpus cal osum length and thickness of the genu, body, and splenium were measured on the standard mid-sagittal plane, and the anteroposterior diameter of the genu was measured in the coronal plane. Results showed that corpus cal osum length as wel as thickness of the genu and splenium increased with gesta-tional age and birth weight, while other measures did not. These three factors on the standard mid-sagittal plane are therefore likely to be suitable for real-time evaluation of corpus cal osum de-velopment in premature infants using cranial ultrasound. Further analysis revealed that thickness of the body and splenium and the anteroposterior diameter of the genu were greater in male infants than in female infants, suggesting that there are sex differences in corpus cal osum size during the neonatal period. A second set of measurements were taken from 40 premature infants whose ges-tational age was 34 weeks or less. Corpus cal osum measurements were corrected to a gestational age of 40 weeks, and infants were grouped for analysis depending on the outcome of a neonatal behavioral neurological assessment. Compared with infants with a normal neurological assessment, corpus cal osum length and genu and splenium thicknesses were less in those with abnormalities, indicating that corpus cal osum growth in premature infants is associated with neurobehavioral de-velopment during the early extrauterine stage.
Simultaneous emergence of several biotypes of Brucella among Baotou’s brucellosis patients by combined diagnostic strategy

Brucellosis, an allergy anthropozoonosis caused by Brucella, is widely prevalent all over the world [1]. Its incidence is increasing in several endemic areas and it has great impact on human and animal health [2]. Accurate diagnosis of human brucellosis is difficult, which often causes omission or mistake in patients. Many methods have been used for serological diagnosis of brucellosis. However, a single ideal technique is currently unavailable [3]. Among these methods, the rose bengal plate agglutination test (RBPT) [4] is excellent with simple, rapid, and sensitive characteristics irrespective of the stage of the disease. The standard tube agglutination test (SAT) [5] is another most widely used serological test for confirmation of RBPT-positive serum. However, it suffers from a high false-negative ratio in complicated and chronic cases [3]. Brucella enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; IgM, IgG) is the confirmatory test for diagnosis of chronic disease and relapse [6]. The accuracy of these methods is ranked as ELISA > RBPT > SAT [7]. Sisirak et al. [3] found that blood culture leads to excellent results in 30% patients with primary infection especially in the first month. Although it is the 'gold standard' for diagnosis of brucellosis, this technique needs many expensive laboratory setups, which blocks its use in an underdeveloped area with poor technical resources.
积极老化研究进展

世界卫生组织(WHO)于1990年提出了"健康老龄化"的目标，所谓健康就是身体、心理和社会功能的完美状态。而积极心理学所倡导的"积极老龄化"所表达的含义却比"健康老龄化"更为广泛， 2002年在马德里举行的第二届世界老龄大会"积极老龄化"的概念被正式提出，其核心理念为"健康、参与和保障"三大支柱，这与积极心理学倡导心理学研究积极取向，关注人类积极的心理品质，强调人的价值与人文关怀的观点是一致的。使老年人获得更多的机会，不断努力自我实现，发展并利用他们自身的潜能并以此提高和完善生活意义，达到自身幸福感的真正实现。
奥拉西坦联合尼莫地平治疗血管性痴呆120例

血管性痴呆(VD)是引发老年期痴呆的第二大病因，是由脑血管病变导致的获得性认知损害综合征。引发VD症状的因素是多方面的，如大、小动脉病变、心脏脱落栓子的栓塞、弥漫性缺血性白质病变、血流动力学改变以及遗传因素等。VD多表现为认知能力、学习能力及注意力下降，记忆力衰退，执行能力减退，严重影响患者的社会活动和日常生活。目前，国内外尚无治愈VD的特效药，我院采用奥拉西坦联合尼莫地平治疗VD，取得一定的疗效。
累及胃肠道的间变性大细胞淋巴瘤的临床病理学特点

间变性大细胞淋巴瘤是一种新型的T细胞淋巴瘤，属于侵袭性非霍奇金淋巴瘤，主要分布于淋巴结内外的皮肤或者皮下组织，分布在胃肠道的间变性大细胞淋巴瘤比较少见。本文拟进一步了解累及胃肠道间变性大细胞淋巴瘤的临床病理表现特点，并有效分析其预后。
吉林省某省直机关公务员的心-踝血管指数评价及其影响因素

目的以心-踝血管指数(CAVI)作为指标探讨血管超龄与心脑血管疾病危险因素的关联。方法以吉林省某省直机关参加健康体检的508例在职公务员为调查对象，进行常规体检信息采集的同时，采用VS-1000动脉硬化检测系统对CAVI进行测评。结果4.9%的人怀疑有动脉硬化，13.2%血管超龄，高血压和代谢综合征者的血管超龄检出率高于相应指标正常者，年龄、性别、高血压是CAVI的独立影响因素。结论公务员群体中血管超龄问题突出，且呈年轻化趋势，年龄、性别、高血压等心脑血管疾病的危险因素对CAVI具有显著影响。
磷酸肌酸后处理联合缺血后处理减轻大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤

目的探讨磷酸肌酸后处理联合缺血后处理对大鼠缺血再灌注心肌损伤的影响。方法取健康、雄性、清洁级Wistar 大鼠45只，体重260~290 g。随机分成假手术组(Sham组)、缺血再灌注组(I/R组)、缺血后处理组(IPost组)、磷酸肌酸后处理+缺血后处理组(Pcr+IPost组，于再灌注5 min前给予Pcr 200 mg/kg)，均给予心肌缺血30 min，再灌注120 min处理。分别于再灌注2 h后测量各组血清肌酸激酶(CK)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、髓过氧化物酶(MPO)，检测缺血心肌丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的变化，TTC染色测定心肌梗死面积。结果IPost组血清CK、LDH、MPO活性和心肌MDA活性以及心肌梗死面积显著低于I/R组(P<0.05)，Pcr+IPost组血清CK、LDH、MPO活性和心肌MDA活性以及心肌梗死面积与IPost组比较进一步降低(P<0.05);IPost组心肌组织SOD活性显著高于I/R组，(P<0.05)，Pcr+IPost组SOD活性较IPost组进一步升高(P<0.05)。结论磷酸肌酸后处理组联合缺血后处理组可以减轻大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤，两者起到很好的协同作用，其机制可能与抑制氧自由基产生和中性粒细胞的炎性浸润有关。
灰树花多糖对高血压大鼠的血压及心脏、肾脏超微结构的影响

目的观察灰树花多糖对高血压大鼠的血压及其心脏、肾脏的组织学结构、超微结构的影响。方法采用高盐饮食致高血压大鼠模型，设对照组、硝苯地平组、模型组、灰树花多糖低、中、高剂量组，每周检测两次血压，给药4 w后灌注取材，HE染色观察心脏、肾脏组织学结构的变化，电子透射显微镜观察心脏、肾脏超微结构的变化。结果灰树花多糖低、中、高组血压均较对照组有显著的下降(P<0.01)，较硝苯地平组变化无显著差异(P>0.05);灰树花多糖组较模型组心脏、肾脏损害减轻较明显。结论低、中、高剂量的灰树花多糖均有降血压的作用且对高血压导致的心脏、肾脏损害有一定的保护作用。
人工髋关节置换与手术内固定治疗老年不稳定型股骨粗隆间骨折的对比

目的探讨人工髋关节置换与手术内固定治疗老年不稳定型股骨粗隆间骨折的效果。 方法选取该院骨外科自2011年1月至2012年1月收治的>65岁的股骨粗隆间骨折的患者183例，在遵从患者自愿前提下参与实验，其中有93例患者选择手术内固定组，90例患者选择人工髋关节置换，回顾性分析两组患者住院天数、切口长度、手术时间、出血量和术后下床活动时间、负重行走情况等，并随访12个月，统计两组患者在随访期内出现并发症的情况。 结果关节置换组患者手术时间、术后引流量、下地时间与内固定组比较差异显著(P<0.05)，且关节功能恢复更好(P<0.05)，并发症也较少(P<0.05)。 结论人工髋关节置换较手术内固定可更好地促进患者术后恢复高患者生活质量，但是选择何种术式则应综合考量手术难易程度、手术费用以及患者预期寿命等因素后决定。
老年高血压患者并发心房颤动危险因素

目的探讨老年高血压患者心房颤动(AF)的危险因素。方法回顾性分析156例高血压患者的临床资料，根据是否并发AF分为AF组与非AF组，进行相关因素对比。结果两组性别、高血压病程、高血压分级、合并糖尿病、心脏超声左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、室间隔厚度(IVST)、左室后壁厚度(LVPWT)、尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Cr)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)及空腹血糖(FPG)等无统计学差异(P>0.05);而年龄、体重指数(BMI)、心功能分级、脑血管疾病病史、心脏超声左房内径(LAD)、左室射血个数(LVEF)、左室重量指数、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)有统计学差异(P<0.05或P<0.01);经Logistic回归分析，年龄、LAD、左室重量指数是高血压患者合并AF的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论高龄、LAD较大、左室重量指数较高是高血压患者合并AF的独立危险因素，对于具备上述因素的患者，应及早给予相应干预，降低AF发生率。
两系杂交中籼新组合广两优16高产制种技术

广两优16是湖北省黄冈市农业科学院育成的杂交中稻新组合，2013年4月通过湖北省农作物品种审定委员会审定。介绍了该组合父母本的主要特征特性及高产制种技术。
Synthesis and luminescence properties of a novel phosphor Ca_(2-x/2)Si_(1-x)P_xO_4:Eu~(2+)for near UV-excited white-light-emitting diodes

A novel green-emitting phosphor, Eu~(2+)-doped Ca_(2-x/2)Si_(1-x)P_xO_4 (0.25≤x≤0.30), was prepared through a conventional solid-state reaction. X-ray diffraction (XRD), photoluminescence (PL) and decay studies were employed to characterize the sample, which was assigned to P63mc space group in the hexagonal system. The effect of P-doping on the α-Ca_2SiO_4 was studied and P_2O_5 broken down by the raw material of (NH_4)_2HPO_4 played an important role in stabilizingα-Ca_2SiO_4 which can only be stable at high temperature. The XRD patterns of the Ca_(2-x/2)Si_(1-x)P_xO_4 host were found pure and optimized when the mole fraction of P_2O_5 was 14.5%. The diffuse reflectance spectra of the Ca_(1.855)Si_(0.71)P_(0.29)O_4 and Ca_(1.845)Si_(0.71)P_(0.29)O_4:0.01Eu~(2+)covered the spectral region of 230-400 nm, implying that the phosphor was suitable for UV or near-UV LED excitation. The phosphor could be effectively excited in the near UV region with the maximum at 372 nm. The emission spectrum of the Ca_(1.845)Si_(0.71)P_(0.29)O_4:0.01Eu~(2+)phosphor showed an asymmetrical single intensive band centered at 513 nm, which corresponded to the 4f~65d~1→4f~7 transition of Eu~(2+). Eu~(2+)ions might occupy two types of Ca~(2+)sites in the Ca_(1.855)Si_(0.71)P_(0.29)O_4 lattice and form two corresponding emission centers, which led to the asymmetrical emission of Eu~(2+)in Ca_(1.855)Si_(0.71)P_(0.29)O_4. The effects of Eu~(2+)-doped concentration in Ca_(1.855-x_Si_(0.71)P_(0.29)O_4:xEu~(2+)on the PL were also discussed, the optimum doping concentration of Eu~(2+)was 1 mol.%and the critical distance of the energy transfer was also calculated by the concentration-quenching method. The non-radiative energy transfer between Eu~(2+)seemed to be caused by the multipole-multipole interaction. The fluorescence lifetime of Eu~(2+)was found to be 0.55711μs. The results suggested that these phosphors might be promising candidates used for near UV light excited white LEDs.
Directing transcription to the right way

How cells ensure that productive transcription from divergent promoters is limited to the downstream protein-coding region is an important question in the transcription field. A recent study in Nature proposed an answer by revealing that the upstream antisense transcripts undergo early termination through the polyadenylation signal-dependent pathway, and the downstream sense transcripts are protected from premature cleavage by U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP).
New hope for therapy in neurodegenerative diseases

The use of genetic screens to define cellular pathways that regulate neurodegenerative disease proteins has emerged as a powerful strategy to identify potential therapeutic targets for these disorders. Using cross-species genetic screens, Park et al. recently identified RAS-MAPK-MSK1 as a cellular pathway that modulates levels of the polyglutamine-containing protein ATXN1 and its subsequent toxicity in SCA1.
Impact Toughness of an NM400 Wear-Resistant Steel

An NM400 wear-resistant steel was hot rolled and then the plates were heat-treated by direct quenching and tempering (DQT) and reheat quenching and tempering (RQT) techniques,respectively.The Charpy impact test was carried out with an instrumented Charpy impact tester.The microstructure and fracture surface were investigated by a combination of optical microscopy,transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy methods.It was found that the impact toughness of DQT specimen was much higher than that of RQT specimen.The microstructure of both DQT and RQT specimens was characterized by a mixture of tempered lath martensite and lower bainite.The lower bainite in DQT specimen extended into prior austenite grains and the content was higher than that in RQT specimen.The lower bainite in DQT specimen improved the impact toughness by increasing the proportion of large-angle boundaries and relieving the stress concentration at the crack tip.A number of fine and dispersed carbides in DQT specimen also contributed to the improvement of the impact toughness.
Theory-Intelligent Dynamic Matrix Model of Flatness Control for Cold Rolled Strips

In order to increase the precision of flatness control,considering the principle and the measured data of rolling process essence,the theory-intelligent dynamic matrix model of flatness control is established by using theory and intelligent methods synthetically.The network model for rapidly calculating the theory effective matrix is established by the BP network optimized by the particle swarm algorithm.The network model for rapidly calculating the measurement effective matrix is established by the RBF network optimized by the cluster algorithm.The flatness control model can track the practical situation of rolling process by on-line self-learning.The scheme for flatness control quantity calculation is established by combining the theory control matrix and the measurement control matrix.The simulation result indicates that the establishment of theory-intelligent dynamic matrix model of flatness control with stable control process and high precision supplies a new way and method for studying flatness on-line control model.
Global air-sea surface carbon dioxide transfer velocity and flux estimated using 17 a altimeter data and a new algorithm

The global distributions of the air-sea CO_2 transfer velocity and flux are retrieved from TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason altimeter data from October 1992 to December 2009 using a combined algorithm. The 17 a average global, area-weighted, Schmidt number-corrected mean gas transfer velocity is 21.26 cm/h, and the full exploration of the uncertainty of this estimate awaits further data. The average total CO_2 flux (calculated by carbon) from atmosphere to ocean during the 17 a was 2.58 Pg/a. The highest transfer velocity is in the circumpolar current area, because of constant high wind speeds and currents there. This results in strong CO_2 fluxes. CO_2 fluxes are strong but opposite direction in the equatorial east Pacific Ocean, because the air-sea CO_2 partial pressure difference is the largest in the global oceans. The results differ from the previous studies calculated using the wind speed. It is demonstrated that the air-sea transfer velocity is very important for estimating air-sea CO_2 flux. It is critical to have an accurate estimation for improving calculation of CO_2 flux within climate change studies.
Fine Mapping and Analysis of DWARF TILLER1 in Controlling Rice Architecture

Rice is one of the most consumed staple food plants around the world, and its plant architecture is very important to improve the grain yield (Zhang et al., 2008). Plant height, leaf angle, tiller number and angle, and uniformity of panicle layer all can have strong effects on grain yield (Wang and Li, 2008). During the long history of domestication, rice has been selected to develop uniform tiller height architecture that ensures panicle layer uniformity and ease of harvesting (Ma et al., 2009), and is largely determined by the synchronic culm elongation. A large number of dwarf mutants deficient in culm elongation have been isolated and characterized, and gibberellin (GA) and brassinosteroid (BR) have been demonstrated as two major factors in promoting the culm development (Peng et al., 1997; Ikeda et al., 2001; Ashikari et al., 2002; Itoh et al., 2002; Spielmeyer et al., 2002). However, the mechanism of the coordinated elongation between the main shoot and tillers remains unknown. Here, we report a DWARF TILLER1 (DWT1) locus involved in the regulation of the uniform growth of main shoot and tillers in rice.
ICU人文关怀管理实践

目的探讨ICU人文关怀管理具体实施措施。方法对ICU护士实行人文管理,对患者给予人文护理,对家属实行人文探视。结果实施后患者对ICU护理服务的满意度由实施前的35.5%升至67.7%。结论人文关怀的灵活运用,不仅丰富了科室文化内涵,还提高患者及家属的满意度。
护士长优质护理服务措施执行情况调查分析

目的了解护士长对优质护理服务措施的执行情况,为提高执行力提供参考。方法采用自制问卷调查82名护士长优质护理服务执行情况和措施执行不到位的原因。结果护士长对优质护理服务的执行意愿得分96.50±6.28,措施执行得分94.05±7.48;执行意愿最强及执行最好的措施分别为简化护理文书书写(90.2%)和实施责任制分工方式(79.3%);执行不到位的最主要原因是护理部政策朝令夕改,不知如何执行(25.6%)。结论护士长对优质护理服务措施的执行意愿较强,执行行为稍差于执行意愿。医院及护理部管理者应加强制度建设和对护士长的培训,以进一步提高护士长的执行意愿和执行力。
醋酸奥曲肽微球配制和肌内注射法的改良

目的改良醋酸奥曲肽微球的配制方法和肌内注射方法,以提高注射成功率。方法按住院时间将130例注射醋酸奥曲肽微球患者分为传统组72例和改良组48例。传统组按药品说明书进行常规配制及注射,改良组改进药物配制及注射法,比较两组注射成功率。结果改良组注射成功率95.8%,传统组为79.2%,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论改良后的操作可以提高醋酸奥曲肽微球肌内注射成功率。
自我管理教育对尿路造口术后并发症的影响

目的提高膀胱全切+尿路造口术后患者的自我护理能力,降低并发症发生率。方法将60例尿路造口术后患者随机分为观察组和对照组各30例,观察组采用自我管理教育,对照组采用常规教育。结果观察组出院第3、6、12个月自我管理能力得分显著高于对照组(均P<0.01),出院第3个月并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论自我管理教育可显著提高尿路造口术后患者的自我管理能力,减少出院近期造口并发症发生率。
责任护士转盘的制作及在优质护理服务中的应用

目的提高住院患者对责任护士知晓率,提升患者、护士满意度。方法设计责任护士转盘(下称转盘),于内科10个护理单元应用3个月后调查患者和护士满意度。结果转盘应用后患者对责任护士、护士长知晓率及对优质护理服务满意度显著升高(均P<0.01)。结论转盘的应用有利于提高患者满意度和有利于责任制整体护理工作深入持续地开展。
三种体位对桥小脑角区肿瘤切除术患者安全性的影响

目的比较桥小脑角(CPA)区肿瘤切除术三种体位的安全性,以减少患者术中和术后并发症的发生。方法将252例CPA区肿瘤切除术患者按术中体位归为三组,侧俯位组76例,俯卧位组64例,坐位组112例。观察统计手术时间,手术各时间点血压、心率、SpO_2和术后压疮发生率等。结果三组手术时间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),时间由长到短依次为俯卧位组、侧俯位组、坐位组;手术不同时间三组血压、心率及SpO_2比较,差异有统计学意义(干预主效应均P<0.05);术后患者压疮发生率及出血致二次手术率比较,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论CPA区肿瘤切除术三种体位各有优劣,巡回护士应综合考虑患者病情,手术体位摆放到位,术中密切观察、积极配合,以减少手术安全隐患。
手术麻醉信息系统的构建及应用

目的探讨手术麻醉科现代化管理方法,提高护理工作与管理水平。方法在医院信息化建设的基础上,创建手术麻醉信息系统,对手术室工作进行计算机信息管理。统计24个月的应用情况。结果优化了管理流程,有效提高了工作效率和护理质量。结论手术麻醉信息系统的应用有利于提高护理工作效率与管理水平。
电子显微镜技术——病毒结构与形态研究及快速诊断的基础平台

电子显微镜技术的优势在于微观测试的直观、快速与准确, 因此成为新发传染病及生物反恐一线工作的重要平台基础. 然而, 全球电子显微镜诊断实验室的数量却在减少, 并且越来越难以找到满意的途径来分析电子显微镜图像. 加强病毒结构和形态发生学的研究在病毒的电子显微镜诊断应用中显得尤为重要. 本文在分析技术优势的基础上, 着重介绍了电子显微镜技术对病毒学发展的历史贡献、在病毒鉴别诊断中的作用、对特殊病毒抗原的定位、对病毒-宿主细胞的相互作用以及病毒形态发生学的研究, 并指出, 电子显微镜诊断是建立在结合临床资料以及光学显微镜和共聚焦显微镜综合数据基础之上的, 避免操作不当造成的人工假象和错误结果是克服技术的局限性从而发挥其优势的重要保证.
关注代谢性炎症与抗炎治疗糖尿病

本期代谢性炎症与糖尿病专刊征集二篇专家笔谈、一篇综述及几篇论著，作者们详细介绍了代谢性炎症与糖尿病之间的关系，评估抗炎症治疗的效果，也初探了炎症因子的功过是非，还提出了促炎治疗肥胖的设想。各篇文章读后受益匪浅，发人深思，有些问题值得关注和探讨。
国内外护士能力测评量表的发展概况

能力研究是人力资源开发与管理的关键与核心,护士能力作为护士客观行为和心理架构的整体化概念,具有检验性、预测性、动态性、区分性`的特点,可以用于检验护理教育机构的培养质量、预测护理人员未来的工作绩效、显示护士不同职业阶段的能力变化、区分临床工作的优异者与普通者,在保障病患安全、提供高质量护理服务中发挥着重要作用。如何客观准确测评护士能力成为国内外学者的研究热点,但由于“护士能力”概念的多样性、护理工作本身的复杂性以及护理环境的多元性,导致护士能力测评缺乏统一标准。目前护士能力测评的研究主要从测评量表的研发与使用方法角度进行,本文旨在于回顾国内外护士临床能力测评量表的研发现状,为今后研究者选择护士能力测评量表提供参考。
颈动脉支架置入术后再狭窄的研究进展

缺血性脑卒中是导致人类死亡或残疾的主要原因之一， 其中颈动脉狭窄占缺血性脑卒中病因的15%~20%。对于由重度颈动脉狭窄所致的缺血性脑卒中的二级预防，采用外科颈动脉内膜剥脱术或血管内介入技术治疗比单纯的药物治疗更有效。但最近15年来，颈动脉支架置入术作为一种微创手术有取代颈动脉内膜剥脱术的趋势，尤其是对于施行颈动脉内膜剥脱术有高风险的患者。随着血管内介入器材的发展、技术的进步和治疗经验的增加，颈动脉支架置入术可能有更广阔的应用前景。最近发表的颈动脉血管重建剥脱术与支架比较试验（CREST）的研究结果表明：颈动脉支架置入术可能是一种较安全的治疗选择，尤其是对于<70岁患者。 随着颈动脉支架置入术在症状性颈动脉狭窄患者中越来越广泛的应用，颈动脉支架置入术后的支架再狭窄已成为人们重点关注的一个问题。因此，本文对颈动脉支架置入术后再狭窄的危险因素、发生机制、诊断、发生率及治疗进行文献复习并综述，总结分析如下。
Femoral head fracture without hip dislocation

Femoral head fractures without dislocation or subluxation are extremely rare injuries. We report a neglected case of isolated comminuted fracture of femoral head without hip dislocation or subluxation of one year duration in a 36-year-old patient who sustained a high energy trauma due to road traffic accident. He presented with painful right hip and inability to bear full weight on right lower limb with Harris hip score of 39. He received cementless total hip replacement. At latest follow-up of 2.3 years, functional outcome was excellent with Harris hip score of 95. Such isolated injuries have been described only once in the literature and have not been classified till now. The purpose of this report is to highlight the extreme rarity, possible mechanism involved and a novel classification system to classify such injuries.
加压治疗对瘢痕素质者剖宫产美容缝合切口的影响

目的:为进一步了解加压治疗对瘢痕素质者二次剖宫产美容缝合切口的影响。方法:将60例瘢痕素质者二次剖宫产时随机分成两组:试验组30例患者采用腹部加压治疗及美容缝合法;对照组30例患者仅采用美容缝合法,于术前及术后12个月进行拍照取样,进行对比分析。结果:试验组术后12个月腹部瘢痕疙瘩治愈率及有效率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.005)。结论:对于瘢痕素质者,二次剖宫产时采用腹部加压治疗及美容缝合法是可行的,可以减少腹部瘢痕疙瘩的形成。剖宫产术后的低性激素状态是腹部加压治疗的最佳治疗时机。
急性胆囊炎72 h前后行腹腔镜手术回顾性分析:附356例报告

目的:探讨和比较急性胆囊炎发作72 h前后行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的临床疗效。方法:回顾分析2011年5月—2013年5月因急性胆囊炎行腹腔镜胆囊切除术356例患者临床资料,其中急性发作72 h内行腹腔镜胆囊切除术255例(观察组),72 h后行腹腔镜胆囊切除术101例(对照组)。对比两组的手术成功率、手术时间、术中出血量、胆道损伤、住院时间等。结果:两组手术成功率和胆道损伤发生率无统计学差异(93.7% vs. 92.0%,1.98% vs. 1.17%,均P>0.05);在手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间上观察组均优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论:只要严格掌握手术适应证,急性胆囊炎72 h后行腹腔镜胆囊切除术是安全、可行的。
新生儿舌根部畸胎瘤一例

患者舌根部瘤体巨大,上呼吸道梗阻,黄白色黏稠分泌物多,分泌物培养示鲍曼不动杆菌,根据药敏结果选用泰能抗感染,同时予呼吸机辅助通气。肺炎控制后,经鼻气管插管舌左旁侧人路行舌下瘤体切除术。术中见瘤体位于舌根部左侧,灰白色类圆形,大小不一多房囊性包块;囊壁厚,与舌根部肌组织粘连紧密,界限不清,囊肿靠近口咽处浸入较深,与舌下神经及血管粘连;内含白色乳汁样黏稠液体约3ml。最终完整切除瘤体。术后病理检查:肿块体积3.5cm×3cmx2cm,切面灰白色,囊实性,囊腔直径0.1~1.0cm不等。镜下见实性区域主要由弥漫的分化良好神经胶质细胞及脂肪组织组成。囊性区域部分内衬单层柱状上皮,呈乳头状;部分内衬单层及假复层纤毛柱状上皮;局部可见皮肤及附属器成分。未见未成熟的胚胎组织和神经管成分。病理诊断:成熟性囊性畸胎瘤(图3)。术后10d患者吃奶无障碍,舌部偏斜改善,门诊随访半年无复发。
创伤性脑损伤后脑血管痉挛的研究进展

动脉瘤破裂引起的自发性蛛网膜下腔出血后脑血管痉挛已经成为神经外科学最广泛研究的领域之一,研究也较为深入,但对于创伤性脑损伤(traumatic brain injury, TBI)后脑血管痉挛方面的研究较少。现综述如下。
肋骨骨旁骨肉瘤1例

骨旁骨肉瘤临床表现为骨表面缓慢生长的无痛性肿块,质硬,病程较长,可达数年.2010年国外研究机构统计10165例骨肿瘤中有75例为骨旁骨肉瘤,仅占所有恶性骨肿瘤的1%和所有骨肉瘤的3.7%,75例骨旁骨肉瘤全部发生在长骨骨旁,其中2/3位于股骨下端的骨旁,因此窝上方被认为是骨旁骨肉瘤的经典发生部位.国外部分学者认可骨旁骨肉瘤可以发生在长骨以外的其它骨表面,尤其是扁骨和短骨的表面.有学者报道骨旁骨肉瘤偶可以发生于颌骨、锁骨和跗骨表面.肋骨属于扁骨,本例患者发现病变较早,肿瘤蒂部的骨皮质和髓腔仅局灶性受累,在肋骨髓腔微小浸润灶周围,正常骨髓造血组织依然保留,因此结合影像学和病理检查结果,判定该肿瘤发生在肋骨表面,仅局部累及骨皮质和髓腔,而非髓内高分化骨肉瘤穿透骨皮质在骨旁软组织形成肿块.发生在肋骨的骨旁骨肉瘤极为罕见,英文文献仅数例个案报道,肋骨的骨旁骨肉瘤和发生于长骨者在病理形态和诊断标准上基本一致,对于扁骨来说最重要的是排除从髓内发生的高分化骨肉瘤在骨旁形成的巨大肿块.骨旁骨肉瘤预后较好,其5年生存率达91%,最佳治疗方案是大块肿瘤完整切除,切除范围应包括肿瘤周围的正常组织和软组织内的卫星病灶.若不完整切除则很容易复发.复发性肿瘤易发生去分化改变,称去分化骨旁骨肉瘤,其预后类普通型骨肉瘤,治疗原则和普通高级别骨肉瘤一致.
肺微小结节和肺内磨玻璃影的定位方法

近年来,低剂量CT广泛用于肺癌筛查,肺微小结节(≤1 cm)和肺内磨玻璃影(GGO)的检出量日趋上升,术中定位的难度随之增加,对于定位手段的需要和依赖程度也随之提高。肺结节定位技术历经多年探索,已可借助不同设备、手段和材料实现定位。现对可行的肺微小结节和GGO的定位方法进行综述如下。
四川省二甲及其以上综合医院康复科设置与发展状况

目的:了解四川省二甲及其以上综合医院康复科设置与发展状况,在此基础上分析归纳总结出综合医院康复医学科发展存在的问题,并提出相应的解决方案。从而为相关部门制定政策提供一定程度的参考,促进康复医学健康、稳定、快速发展。方法:于2011年9月—2012年3月对四川省60家二甲及以上综合医院进行问卷调查,对数据进行统计分析。结果:四川省二甲及其以上综合医院设置康复科的医院数占调查医院的82%,主要针对的病种是神经及骨科系统方面的疾患。结论:康复医学科设置不足、独立性差,康复科基本设备器材缺乏,康复医学人才配置不足,医院康复科针对的病种范围窄,医保报销比例低。应该增加对康复医学的投入,提高康复医学人才的培养,促进国内外交流,积极加大对康复医学常识的宣传。
发热伴血小板减少综合征并发腹直肌鞘内血肿一例

讨论SFTS是一种新发的自然疫源性疾病,主要表现为发热伴消化道症状及全身中毒症状,WBC、PLT减少,部分重症患者出现皮肤脏器出血、神志改变,严重病例可致死亡。该患者合并腹直肌鞘内血肿,可能原因或诱因为:①腹直肌鞘内动脉曲折,腹直肌下部由坚强的肌胞膜包绕,而动脉分支进入肌肉以前又有较长一段距离,腹直肌后鞘下方海氏三角区为薄弱之点,对腹壁血管的保护支持作用均较差,当肌肉强烈收缩时,此处血管易被撕裂,成为发病的局部解剖因素。②患者反复咳嗽、恶心引起腹直肌强力收缩。③女性患者,腹直肌张力低下。④患者年龄大,动脉硬化导致局部血管变性。⑤患者PLT明显降低,凝血机制差。在临床诊治SFTS患者时,尤其老年女性患者,要加强止咳、止吐等对症治疗,患者在坐立时动作要缓慢,医师进行腹部查体时动作要轻柔,如果出现腹部包块伴局部瘀斑、Hb下降,要考虑腹直肌鞘内血肿,及时行腹部超声、CT检查,一旦确诊,首先行保守疗法,局部可用冷敷及加压包扎,同时积极治疗原发病,如血肿不断扩大,可考虑手术治疗。
血小板数量和功能与肝脏疾病的关系研究进展

血小板减少是慢性肝病和肝硬化的一个显著特征。以往认为血小板减少是血小板被动阻留在脾脏内所致,最近的观点证明,血小板破坏增加和血小板产生减少也起重要作用,用血小板的数量或包括血小板数量在内的一些数学模型对肝硬化临床失代偿的发生具有最好的预测价值。另外,除了数量减少以外,研究发现慢性肝病患者血小板也存在功能缺陷。血小板也不仅仅是受到影响,其对肝脏疾病的进展也起促进作用。
男性肾脏混合性上皮间质肿瘤一例

国内外文献报道MESTK大部分为良性,外科手术切除是首选治疗,长期随访无复发。但也有少数恶性MESTK 的病例报道,目前对于恶性MESTK,尚无明确有效的治疗方案。本例组织学结构主要为良性改变,肿瘤组织与周围肾组织界限欠清,且WHO对该肿瘤尚无疾病编码,因此对其生物学行为有待积累更多的病例进行研究。
胡桃科植物的化学成分与生物活性研究进展

胡桃科植物大多数均为药食同源植物,其有效成分主要是黄酮类、萜类、萘醌及其苷类、二芳基庚烷类、酚类、挥发油、有机酸类等,具有抗肿瘤、镇痛、抑菌、抗氧化、抑制酶活性、杀虫、降血糖、抗病毒、增强记忆力等多种生物活性。由于其有效成分具有显著的抗肿瘤作用,且来源广泛,受到各国学者的广泛关注。通过查阅整理胡桃科植物的研究文献,综述了近20年国内外有关胡桃科植物化学成分与生物活性的研究进展,为其进一步的开发利用提供参考。
Transmission Mechanism Based on Burst Filling in Hybrid Optical Burst/Circuit Switching Networks

Hybrid optical switching networks make full use of the advantages of Optical Circuit Switching (OCS) and Optical Burst Switching (OBS). In parallel hybrid optical switching networks, edge nodes choose a switching mode for traffic and no longer change. The inflexible decision making of the traffic transfer mode leads to low resource utilization when the arrival rate of the OCS traffic is lo-wer than the capacity of the light path. In this paper, a new transmission scheme is proposed to improve resource utilization for hybrid op-tical switching networks. When the traffic arr-ival rate of the light path is lower than the transmission rate of the light path, the OCS traffic flow is reshaped at the edge nodes to generate a series of voids. Then, several message packets are sent along the light path to inform the core nodes of the voids of the light paths that represent the unused band-width resources. To improve the resource uti-lization, the voids can be filled with data bur-sts by core nodes. The simulation results show that the new scheme can effectively reduce the burst loss rate and improve the link utilization of the hybrid optical switching network on the premise of a providing service quality guarantee for OCS traffic.