mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
MOF-template derived hollow CeO_2/Co_3O_4 polyhedrons with efficient cathode catalytic capability in Li-O_2 batteries

Li-O_2 batteries (LOBs) have been perceived as the most potential clean energy system for fast-growing electric vehicles by reason of their environmentally friendlier, high energy density and high reversibility. However, there are still some issues limiting the practical application of LOBs, such as the large gap between the actual capacity level and the theoretical capacity, low rate performance as well as short cycle life. Herein, hollow CeO_2/Co_3O_4 polyhedrons have been synthesized by MOF template with a simple method. And it is was further served as a cathode catalyst in Li-O_2 batteries. By means of the synergistic effect of two different transition metal oxides, nano-sized hollow porous CeO_2/Co_3O_4 cathode obtained better capacity and cycle performance. As a result, excellent cyclability of exceeding 140 and 90 cycles are achieved at a fixed capacity of 600 and 1000 mAh/g, respectively. The successful application of this catalyst in LOBs offers a novel route in the aspect of the synthesis of other hollow porous composite oxides as catalysts for cathodes in LOBs systems by the MOF template method.
A Rapid Marine Regression in the Southwestern Tarim Basin in the Latest Cretaceous: Comparison of Two Different Evaporitic Sequences in the Yarkand Basin, Xinjiang Province, China

Two different evaporitic sequences occurred in the latest Cretaceous–Early Paleocene in Yarkand Basin, southwestern Tarim Basin, Xinjiang Province, China: one is characterized by poor gypsum and some small, lenticularshaped halite layers in the Tuyiluoke Formation of the latest Cretaceous, the other is characterized by very thick gypsum and halite layers in the Aertashen Formation of the early Paleocene. In the early developmental stage of the Tuyiluoke Formation, the Yarkand ancient saline lake was a long, strip-shaped depression, NW–SE oriented, along the West Kunlun piedmont, with its eastern boundary to the line along bores Ys1-T1-Ks101, the concentrated center located in the area of borehole S1. In the later developmental stage, the depositional scope was shifted inch by inch to the NW of this saline lake, forming a triangular depositional area, with apices at boreholes Wx1, Ak2 and S1, the concentrated center of the saline lake gradually migrating from borehole S1 region to the northwestern area of the lake, developing four small, evaporatedconcentrated sub-depressions, depositing lenticular-shaped halite. In the early Paleocene, the ancient saline lake was stretched from the West Kunlun piedmont in the west, to the Markit slope in the east, from the South Tianshan piedmont in the north, to the Hotan area in the south, accompanied by giant thicknesses of halite and large-scale gypsum layers, mainly interbedded with limestone in the Aertashen Formation. The evaporites in the latest Cretaceous-early Paleocene were controlled by the marine transgression-regression geological background in the Yarkand Basin. Generally, integrated evaporitic depositional sequences, such as clasolite-gypsum-halite-potash, usually occur in the presence of persistent seawater through evaporation, but this is not the case in the Tuyiluoke Formation. In contrast, very thick gypsum layers are common in the early Paleocene. Typically, adequate mineral sources for evaporites are found within seawater, such as in large basins undergoing long-term marine transgression-regression cycles, where adequate seawater remains, even though the basin was going through a marine regression stage. In the latest Cretaceous, thin gypsum layers indicate a lack of mineral sources. In contrast, the early Paleocene has far larger evaporites, both in width and thickness. This suggests a short-term marine regression stage must have occurred during the spatiotemporal evolution of the evaporites in the latest Cretaceous–Early Paleocene in the basin, meaning that a rapid marine regressive episode has been identified at the end of the Cretaceous.
Constraints of Mantle and Crustal Sources Interaction during Orogenesis of Pre- and Post-collision Granitoids from the Northern Arabian-Nubian Shield: A Case Study from Wadi El-Akhder Granitoids, Southern Sinai, Egypt

The Egyptian older and younger granitic rocks emplaced during pre- and post-collision stages of Neoproterozoic Pan-African orogeny, respectively, are widely distributed in the southern Sinai Peninsula, constituting 70% of the basement outcrops. The Wadi El-Akhder, southwestern Sinai, is a mountainous terrain exposing two granitoid suites, namely the Wadi El-Akhder Older Granites (AOG) and the Homra Younger Granites (HYG). The AOG (granodiorites with subordinate tonalite compositions) have geochemical characteristics of medium-K calc-alkaline, metaluminous to mildly peraluminous granitoids formed in an island-arc environment, which are conformable with well-known Egyptian older granitoids rocks, whereas the HYG display calc-alkaline to slightly alkaline nature, peraluminous syeno-, monzogranites and alkali feldspar granites matching well those of the Egyptian younger granites. With respect to the AOG granitoids, the HYG granites contain lower Al_2O_3, FeO*, MgO, MnO, CaO, TiO_2, Sr, Ba, and V, but higher Na_2O, K_2O, Nb, Zr, Th, and Rb. The AOG are generally characterized by enrichment in LILE and LREE and depletion in HFSE relative to N-MORB values (e.g., negative Nb and Ta anomalies). The geochemical features of the AOG follow assimilation-fractional crystallization (AFC) trends indicative of extensive crustal contamination of magma derived from a mantle source. The chemical characteristics of the AOG are remarkably similar to those of subduction-related granitoids from the Arabian- Nubian Shield (ANS). The compositional variations from monzogranites through syenogranites to alkali feldspar granite within HYG could not be explained by fractional crystallization solely. Correlating the whole-rock composition of the HYG to melts generated by experimental dehydration melting of meta-sedimentary and magmatic rocks reveals that they appear to be derived by extended melting of psammitic and pelitic metasediments, which is similar to the most of younger granitic suites in the ANS.
1 038例男性人群人乳头瘤病毒感染状况分析

人类是人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomavirus,HPV)的唯一宿主。目前采用分子生物学技术将HPV分为200多种亚型,HPV可引起生殖器及附近皮肤、黏膜鳞状上皮增殖性损伤,出现疣状良性增生的性传播疾病之一即尖锐湿疣,影响人类健康。多数HPV感染无症状或为亚临床感染状态。HPV分为低危型和高危型,高危型与鳞状上皮癌前病变相关。自德国科学家Haraldzur Hausen在1983年发现HPV与女性宫颈癌之间的关系后,有关HPV感染与女性生殖健康的关系在全球获得大量研究。相比之下,HPV对男性生殖健康的影响则没有受到足够的重视。HPV在男性中主要以亚临床感染为主,人群中存在大量的无症状病毒携带者,男性成为HPV病毒的重要载体,是女性感染的重要传染源。因此,深入研究男性易感人群HPV感染状况,对指导治疗和预防具有重要意义。同时,也有利于降低女性HPV感染风险。本研究旨在探讨男性易感人群生殖器及附近皮肤、黏膜HPV感染情况并分析其亚型分布。
右肩混合性生殖细胞肿瘤术后复发及胸部转移1例

讨论MGCT指由2种或以上生殖细胞肿瘤成分构成的肿瘤,多原发于性腺,罕见原发于性腺外组织;恶性程度高,易复发及转移。性腺外MGCT主要见于腹膜后中线位置及纵隔,CT平扫密度混杂,增强后肿瘤实性部分及分隔可呈明显强化;MR T1WI呈稍高/等信号,脂肪抑制T2WI呈混杂等高信号,增强后病灶呈环形强化,内可见不强化区域。本例首次手术后7个月发生复发及转移。最终确诊需靠病理检查。
运动贴扎技术联合体外冲击波治疗足底筋膜炎的临床疗效观察

目的:探讨运动贴扎技术联合体外冲击波改善足底筋膜炎疼痛程度及功能的临床疗效。方法:本研究纳入63例足底筋膜炎患者,随机分为运动贴扎技术组(KT)、体外冲击波组(ESWT)及联合治疗组,三组患者均予以牵伸训练为基础。采用疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)、肌骨超声、美国矫形足踝协会踝与后足功能评分表(American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society,AOFAS)评估患者的足跟疼痛程度、足底筋膜厚度及足踝的功能状态。比较三组患者治疗后2周、治疗后4周的差异。结果:治疗后2周,三组患者在VAS、AOFAS评分方面均较治疗前改善(P<0.01),在足底筋膜厚度方面,体外冲击波组及联合治疗组较治疗前有显著性差异(P<0.01);与KT组比较,ESWT组和联合治疗组在VAS、足底筋膜厚度及AOFAS方面均明显改善(P<0.05),但两组之间VAS、足底筋膜厚度差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);而在AOFAS方面,联合治疗组改善更显著(P<0.05)。治疗后4周,三组患者在VAS、足底筋膜厚度、AOFAS评分均较治疗前改善(P<0.01);三组间比较,在VAS、足底筋膜厚度及AOFAS评分方面,联合治疗组较体外冲击波组、运动贴扎技术组均改善更显著(P<0.05)。结论:运动贴扎技术和体外冲击波治疗均可改善足底筋膜炎患者的疼痛程度和功能,联合治疗效果更明显。
规范合理使用分子生物学检测技术以早期精准诊断结核病

世界卫生组织(WHO)2020年全球结核病报告显示,中国新发结核病患者数约83.3万,约占全球8.4%,居全球第三位,其中,仅47%通过病原学证实,低于全世界57%的检出率。早期诊断、早期干预是切断结核病传播的最重要的手段之一,近年来随着分子生物学技术的发展,用于结核病早期诊断的快速检测技术纷纷涌现。2013年WHO修订了结核病的诊断标准,推荐将GeneXpert MTB/RIF(简称"Xpert")和TB-LAMP技术阳性检出结果视同于细菌学检测阳性,作为病原学阳性结核病的诊断依据;我国也将分子生物学检测作为结核病病原学检查的手段之一写入了《WS 288-2017肺结核诊断》中。根据分子生物学检测的技术原理,目前国际和国内较为成熟的检测方法和产品包括:采用实时荧光定量PCR法的Xpert,采用恒温扩增的LAMP和SAT,采用探针杂交的Hain和微阵列芯片技术,采用熔解曲线的MeltPro TB以及对DNA或RNA扩增后测序法的宏基因组检测等。这些分子生物学检测技术在医院、疾病预防控制机构、体检机构和其他生物检测机构中广泛开展,形形色色的产品让临床医生的可选择范围大大增加,在处理疑难病例时更为得心应手。然而,技术的进步也带来了困惑,在众多的检测技术中应该如何针对不同患者选择诊断效能高、成本效益佳的单项技术检测或者多项技术联合检测,是目前亟待解决的问题。针对此问题,笔者提出以下建议。
中国碳青霉烯耐药肠杆菌科细菌感染诊治与防控专家共识

细菌耐药已经成为全球公共卫生领域的重大挑战,碳青霉烯耐药肠杆菌科细菌(CRE)的出现及全球范围内快速播散,对人类健康构成极大的威胁。CRE感染多发生于有严重基础疾病、免疫缺陷和(或)长期反复使用广谱抗菌药物的患者,感染后病情相对较重,治疗药物有限,因此CRE感染患者有较高的病死率。如何诊治和防控CRE感染已成为当前细菌感染领域最为棘手的问题,为规范我国CRE感染诊治方案和防控策略,邀请了此领域的国内知名专家进行讨论,就CRE流行概况,CRE实验室检测. CRE感染治疗原则,主要治疗药物和给药方案,CRE感染及定植危险因素,CRE各系统感染的诊断和治疗,医院感染防控等方面达成了共识。
Green indoor optical wireless communication systems:Pathway towards pervasive deployment

The Optical Wireless Communication (OWC) offers the high capacity of optical fiber communication with the flexibility of wireless communication.Since it works in the optical region of the ElectroMagnetic (EM) spectrum,it guarantees safety and security which are critical in radio and microwave frequency communication.The principal objective of this paper is to analyze the indoor OWC systems on these guaranteed features,and safety and security are jointly denoted by the term green.The high obstacle impermeability of optical signals and their directivity strengthen the security of indoor OWC data transmission.The confidentiality and authenticity of optical wireless data can also be preserved with the Quantum Key Distribution (QKD).This paper provides a technological overview and a review of literature about the OWC system that helps to identify the challenges in the path of a ubiquitous deployment of green wireless communication systems.Significant advancements in the sources and detectors are discussed together with the coding,modulation and multiplexing techniques for making highly robust OWC links.The ubiquitous deployment of green OWC necessitates the development of optical transmitters and receivers,performance enhancement techniques,incorporation of uplink and energy harvesting abilities,and safety and security enhancement techniques.Hence,a special emphasis is placed on these aspects and their challenges towards the green implementation.Furthermore,the paper explores some significant indoor applications based on the OWC that have great impacts on the Next Generation Networks (NGN) and the Internet of Things (IoT).
EMC Improvement for High Voltage Pulse Transformers by Pareto-optimal Design of a Geometry Structure Based on Parasitic Analysis and EMI Propagation

High voltage pulse transformers have an essential role in pulsed power systems and power conversion applications. Improving the electromagnetic behavior of such devices leads to better efficiency and low-level electromagnetic interference (EMI) noise propagation in systems. In this paper, a high voltage pulsed power system is considered and analyzed to improve their electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). The new generation of pulsed power systems that use SiC and GaN fast switches in capacitor charger power electronic circuits, face far more EMI challenges. Moreover, in this paper, the EMI propagation paths in the pulsed power system are realized and analyzed. The EMI noise level of the system is obtained and compared to the IEC61800-3 standard. To improve the EMC, the parasitic parameters of the transformer, as the main path of EMI circulation, are optimized to block the EMI propagation in the pulsed power system. To achieve this result, the parasitics are modeled and calculated with a novel and accurate energy distribution model. Then, by defining a cost function, the geometry structure of the transformer is optimized to lower the parasitics in the system. Three pareto-optimal techniques are investigated for the cost function optimization. The models and results are verified by the 3D-finite element method (FEM) and experimental results for several given scenarios. FEM and experimental verifications of this model, make the model suitable for any desirable design in any pulsed power system. Finally, the EMI noise level of the system after optimization is shown and compared to the IEC61800-3 standard.
Overview of Resilient Traction Power Supply Systems in Railways with Interconnected Microgrid

In recent years, the achievement of a renewable and sustainable traction power supply system (TPSS) in the rail sector has become a significant challenge. Focusing on this issue, this paper firstly provides a comprehensive overview and classification of the state-of-art TPSSs in DC and AC railway. Then, together with low voltage (LV) DC, medium voltage (MV) DC, LV AC, and hybrid AC/DC interconnected microgrid (IMGs), various architectures of resilient TPSSs are proposed for renewable energy integration into DC and AC railway. The resilient TPSS offers on-site access and local consumption of renewable sources alongside railways and guarantees a sustainable power supply in the case of grid disturbances and failures, e.g., voltage unbalance, harmonic and violent fluctuation, power outage, and extreme events in the wake of natural disasters and extreme weather. This approach also helps facilitate the development of the next generation TPSSs for enhanced flexibility and sustainability. Then, based on a comparative analysis of different resilient TPSSs, a brief outlook of the future trend is given. Finally, it is concluded that resilient TPSS provides a universal solution for both renewable energy integration and high-quality power supply against grid disturbances and failures.
Energy Management and Operational Control Methods for Grid Battery Energy Storage Systems

Energy storage is one of the key means for improving the flexibility, economy and security of power system. It is also important in promoting new energy consumption and the energy Internet. Therefore, energy storage is expected to support distributed power and the micro-grid, promote open sharing and flexible trading of energy production and consumption, and realize multi-functional coordination. In recent years, with the rapid development of the battery energy storage industry, its technology has shown the characteristics and trends for large-scale integration and distributed applications with multi-objective collaboration. As a grid-level application, energy management systems (EMS) of a battery energy storage system (BESS) were deployed in real time at utility control centers as an important component of power grid management. Based on the analysis of the development status of a BESS, this paper introduced application scenarios, such as reduction of power output fluctuations, agreement to the output plan at the renewable energy generation side, power grid frequency adjustment, power flow optimization at the power transmission side, and a distributed and mobile energy storage system at the power distribution side. The studies and application status of a BESS in recent years were reviewed. The energy management, operation control methods, and application scenes of large-scale BESSs were also examined in the study.
Decoupled Piecewise Linear Power Flow and Its Application to Under Voltage Load Shedding

Various optimizations in power systems based on the AC power flow model are inherently mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) problems. Piecewise linear power flow models can handle nonlinearities and meanwhile ensure a high accuracy. Then, the MINLP problem can be turned into a tractable mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problem. However, piecewise linearization also introduces a heavy computational burden because of the incorporation of a large number of binary variables especially for large systems. To achieve a better trade off between approximation accuracy and computational efficiency, this paper proposes a model called decoupled piecewise linear power flow (DPWLPF) for transmission systems. The P-Q decoupling characteristic is used to ease the evaluation of the piecewise cosine functions in the power flow equations. Therefore, in optimizations, the coupling between variables is reduced. Moreover, an under voltage load shedding (UVLS) approach based on DPWLPF is presented. Case studies are conducted for benchmark systems. The results show that the DPWLPF facilitates the solution of optimal power flow (OPF) and UVLS problems much better than conventional piecewise models. And DPWLPF still enhances the approximation accuracy by using the decoupled piecewise modeling.
Electrical Collection Systems for Offshore Wind Farms: A Review

A review of the electrical collection systems in offshore wind farms (OWFs) is presented in this paper. The review is based on a categorization of offshore wind power electrical collection systems. The classification encompasses three categories of electrical collection systems, medium voltage AC collection, medium voltage DC collection systems and low frequency AC collection systems (LFAC). This paper summarizes the related research on different collection systems and explores their operational characteristics and challenges. As the initial cost of an OWF is very much influenced, to a great extent, by the configuration of electrical collection and transmission systems, it is necessary to understand the key components and challenges in each collection system configuration.
Short-term Load Forecasting of Regional Distribution Network Based on Generalized Regression Neural Network Optimized by Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm

Short-term load forecasting of regional distribution network is the key to the economic operation of smart distribution systems, which not only requires high accuracy and fast calculation speed,but also has a diversity of influential factors and strong randomness. This paper proposes a short-term load forecasting model for regional distribution network combining the maximum information coefficient, factor analysis, gray wolf optimization, and generalized regression neural network (MIC-FA-GWO- GRNN). To screen and decrease the dimension of the multiple-input features of the short-term load forecasting model, MIC is first used to quantify the non-linear correlation between the load and input features, and to eliminate the ineffective features, and then FA is used to reduce the dimension of the screened input features on the premise of preserving the main information of input features. After that the high-precision short-term load forecasting based on GWO-GRNN model is realized. GRNN is used to regressively analyze the input features after screening and dimension reduction, and the parameter of GRNN is optimized by using the GWO, which has strong global searching ability and fast convergence. Finally a case study of a regional distribution network in Tianjin, China verifies the accuracy and applicability of the proposed forecasting model.
Modeling and Utilization of Biomass-to-syngas for Industrial Multi-energy Systems

Excessive consumption of fossil fuels in the industry sector has caused high operating costs and severe environmental pollution, advocating a cost-effective and sustainable substitute for fossil fuels. This paper proposes an enhanced utilization mechanism of biomass-to-syngas (B2S) to provide various types of steam flows in industrial multi-energy systems (MESs). In this mechanism, the available generations from renewable energy sources (RESs) can be harvested to assist in the biomass gasification in a B2S gasifier for enhancing the syngas yield and its calorific value. A thermodynamic interaction model for B2S is formulated to capture gasification temperature dynamics under high-temperature steam injections and optimally control the thermochemical behaviors of biomass drying, pyrolysis, and gasification. A B2S based energy hub framework with its multi-energy coupling matrix is formulated for mapping the input biomass-wind-solar energy into electricity, syngas, and various types of steam carriers to satisfy industrial energy demands. A hierarchical multi-timeframe dispatch scheme is developed for the energy-efficient conversion and utilization of multi-energy carriers to minimize the system operation costs. Comparative studies are implemented to demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed methodology on system operational economy and sustainability.
Hybrid Energy Sharing Mechanism for Integrated Energy Systems Based on the Stackelberg Game

Integrating the sharing economy and the power industry is of positive significance for the development of the energy market. With the energy market transforming from a traditional vertical structure to an interactive and competitive structure, users' roles need to change, along with supply and demand interacting more frequently. Thus, the traditional centralized optimization method for a single energy source can hardly reveal the complex multi-entity behavior of multi-energy coupling. Therefore, this paper establishes a distributed electrical-gas-thermal energy sharing mechanism centered on an energy hub that can converse energy, and build a more applicable integrated energy system body. First, the supply-demand interaction and the energy conversion process is constructed with reference to the operational mode of a sharing economy and the dual role of prosumers. A Stackelberg model is established with the integrated energy system operator as the leader and prosumers as the followers, to simultaneously optimize the profit of the leader in the upper level and the comfort of the followers' energy use and utility in the lower level. Furthermore, for protecting the participants' privacy, a distributed algorithm is used to find the optimal solution to equilibrate the model, and the existence and uniqueness of the solution is proved. Finally, a case study validates the effectiveness of the hybrid energy sharing mechanism and provides a reference for the integration of the energy sharing economy with the integrated energy system.
Direct-to-consumer genetic testing in China and its role in GWAS discovery and replication

Background: The direct-to-consumer genetic testing (DTC-GT) industry has exploded in recent years, initiated by market pioneers from the United States and quickly followed by companies from Europe and Asia. In addition to their primary objective of providing ancestry and health information to customers, DTC-GT services have emerged as a valuable data resource for large-scale population and genetics studies. Methods: We assessed DTC-GT market leaders in the U.S. and China, user participation in research, and academic reports based on this information. We also investigated DTC-GT end-user value by tracing key updates of companies provided via health risk reports and evaluating their predictive power. We then assessed the replicability of several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) based on a Chinese DTC-GT biobank. Results: As recent entrants to the market, Chinese DTC-GT service providers have published less academic research than their Western counterparts;however, a larger proportion of Chinese users consent to participate in research projects. Dramatic increases in user volume and resultant report updates led to reclassification of some users' polygenic risk levels, but within a reasonable scale and with increased predictive power. Replicability among GWAS using the Chinese DTC-GT biobank varied by studied trait, population background, and sample size. Conclusions: We speculate that the rapid growth in DTC-GT services, particularly in non-Caucasian populations,will yield an important and much-needed resource for biobanking, large-scale genetic studies, clinical trials, and post-clinical applications.