mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
一种常温磷化液的研制及应用

目前已有的常温磷化液配制复杂,磷化膜的耐蚀性较中高温体系的差,且功能单一,应用受到限制。研制了一种高耐蚀性常温锌系磷化液,考察了表面调整、磷化工艺参数、后处理等对Q235钢表面磷化膜性能的影响,并确定了最佳配方及工艺参数:50~60 g/L磷酸二氢锌,60~ 80 g/L硝酸锌,1~2 g/L氯酸钠,1~2 g/L酒石酸,1~2 g/L辅助促进剂,OP -10适量;pH值2.5,温度20~40 ℃,时间5 min。结果表明:该磷化液具有配制简单、成本低廉、沉渣少、膜均匀致密、耐蚀性强等特点,并且磷化液成分及工艺参数可不做调整直接应用于NdFeB永磁材料的磷化处理。
腹腔镜下与开放式Lich-Gregoir重复肾输尿管再植术的疗效比较

重复肾畸形是儿童较常见的泌尿系统先天性畸形。对于重复肾输尿管异位开口合并漏尿或梗阻以及重度膀胱输尿管反流患者常行输尿管膀胱再植术。随着泌尿外科腹腔镜技术的发展,腹腔镜下输尿管膀胱再植术逐步得到应用,但仍未普及。我们回顾性分析我院2013年3月至2015年12月开展的腹腔镜下和开放式Lich-Gregoir重复肾输尿管再植术,比较两种术式的疗效。
原发性右侧附睾平滑肌肉瘤一例报告

本病因术前难以确定其良恶性,故术中怀疑为恶性肿瘤者,可行冷冻病理检查,一旦确诊为恶性,可考虑行根治手术。根治性睾丸切除术是治疗局限性附睾恶性肿瘤的首选方法,手术高位切断患侧睾丸、附睾、精索静脉,腹膜后淋巴结清扫对提高生存率无帮助。发生远处转移者,预后不佳,目前尚无有效的治疗方法。
糖尿病酮症酸中毒合并自发性纵隔气肿一例报道

总之,纵隔气肿在DKA有一个相对良性的病程,经卧床休息,给予针对DKA的支持治疗、止痛、吸氧等一般处理,几乎所有病例1周左右都能够自行吸收气体,无需进行额外的有创处理。事先不知道DKA与纵隔气肿的关系可能会导致不必要的放射检查如增强CT,甚至支气管镜或胃镜探查及不必要的有创治疗。国际上在1971年就开始认识这些,而国内2011年始才有医师认识到并报道该并发症,可能由于接诊时尚未认识到该并发症较好的转归过程,均进行了可能不必要的切开排气或放置引流管,其中1例最终死亡,而从本例患者看来,气肿确能自然吸收。
急性冠状动脉综合征抗栓治疗合并出血防治多学科专家共识

抗栓治疗已成为急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)药物治疗的基石,对于ACS及其接受经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)的患者,双联抗血小板治疗(DAPT,阿司匹林联合P2Y12受体抑制剂)能够显著降低早期和长期不良心血管事件的发生率。同时,ACS急性期和PCI术中应用抗凝药物能进一步减少血栓性事件的发生。然而,与抗栓治疗相关的各种出血并发症也日渐增加。
孕期接种无细胞百日咳疫苗的研究进展

百日咳是由百日咳杆菌引起的急性呼吸道传染病,主要影响婴幼儿。20世纪50年代以来,白百破联合疫苗的广泛接种使百日咳的发病率和病死率大幅下降。然而,近年来全球百日咳的发病率有所回升并出现局部暴发流行,称为百日咳再现。由此带来的疾病负担增加和婴儿病死率的增加引起了社会的极大关注。主要原因可能是疫苗接种后,尤其是无细胞百日咳疫苗(acellular pertussis vaccine, aP)接种后的保护力持久性与全细胞疫苗相比明显下降。青少年和成人中隐性感染增加,成为婴幼儿百日咳的一个重要传染来源。新生儿在接种疫苗前主要依赖母体抗体的被动免疫力抵抗感染。因此通过孕期接种,母体抗体经胎盘传递给胎儿,从而为接种月龄前的婴儿提供保护,这在流感疫苗的使用上已被证实。部分国家已经相继开始了免疫策略的转变。继青少年列为加强免疫对象成为共识之后,孕期妇女接种aP被认为是保护婴儿的有效手段。现就国内外对百日咳母婴预防的研究进展进行综述。
儿童线状银屑病一例

讨论Clark于1922年提出线状银屑病,其典型表现是银屑病皮损沿Blaschko线分布。线状银屑病的发病机制尚不清楚。有观点认为,与非线状银屑病不同,线状银屑病线性皮损的产生与其致病基因突变失去杂合性有关。有报道,线状银屑病患者随年龄的增长常会在偏侧出现非线性皮损,并称之重叠性线状银屑病,此种重叠现象与多基因遗传背景有关。本例较为特殊的是患儿左侧肢体及躯干出现线状银屑病皮损后,近年双侧肘部出现非线状银屑病皮损,后者对于抗银屑病治疗反应明显优于线状皮损。
精道远端区域常见病变及精囊镜诊治技术的应用

精道是指男性生殖系统中输送精子的管道系统,精子由睾丸曲细精管产生后经过附睾管、输精管、精囊、射精管以及尿道排出体外。精道远端区域包括输精管壶腹、精囊、射精管、前列腺小囊和前列腺等结构。该区域的结构异常可影响精子的正常排出,从而导致射精管梗阻(ejaculatory duct obstruction,EDO),成为引起男性不育的常见原因之一。EDO占男性不育患者的1%~5%。该区域常见的病变包括局部炎症和感染、囊肿和结石所致EDO、新生物或肿瘤、血管异常、创伤或医源性损伤等。该类患者临床表现为血精、无精子症、少弱精症、会阴部隐痛及射精痛等。近十余年来,随着各类腔道内镜技术的不断发展,利用精囊镜诊治精道远端区域常见病变,已成为当今男科领域的一种蓬勃发展的新技术。
胆囊胃瘘和胆管十二指肠瘘并发胆石性肠梗阻二例

1654年Bartolin首次提出胆石性肠梗阻(gallstone ileus,GI),该病在胆石症患者发病率< 1%,是胆石症的一种罕见并发症,占肠梗阻患者1% ~4%,多发病于老年女性。GI的胆道与胃肠道瘘多见于胆囊十二指肠瘘,少见于胆囊胃瘘和胆管十二指肠瘘,胆石梗阻部位多发生于末端回肠。我们报道胆囊胃瘘和胆管十二指肠瘘致GI的临床诊治经验。
An update on the role of intestinal cytochrome P450 enzymes in drug disposition

Oral administration is the most commonly used route for drug treatment. Intestinal cytochrome P450 (CYP)-mediated metabolism can eliminate a large proportion of some orally administered drugs before they reach systemic circulation, while leaving the passage of other drugs unimpeded. A better understanding of the ability of intestinal P450 enzymes to metabolize various clinical drugs in both humans and preclinical animal species, including the identification of the CYP enzymes expressed, their regulation, and the relative importance of intestinal metabolism compared to hepatic metabolism, is important for improving bioavailability of current drugs and new drugs in development. Here, we brie fly review the expression of drug-metabolizing P450 enzymes in the small intestine of humans and several preclinical animal species, and provide an update of the various factors or events that regulate intestinal P450 expression, including a cross talk between the liver and the intestine. We further compare various clinical and preclinical approaches for assessing the impact of intestinal drug metabolism on bioavail- ability, and discuss the utility of the intestinal epithelium – specific NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase- null (IECN) mouse as a useful model for studying in vivo roles of intestinal P450 in the disposition of orally administered drugs.
Two-level hierarchical feature learning for image classification

In some image classification tasks, similarities among different categories are different and the samples are usually misclassified as highly similar categories. To distinguish highly similar categories, more specific features are required so that the classifier can improve the classification performance. In this paper, we propose a novel two-level hierarchical feature learning framework based on the deep convolutional neural network (CNN), which is simple and effective. First, the deep feature extractors of different levels are trained using the transfer learning method that fine-tunes the pre-trained deep CNN model toward the new target dataset. Second, the general feature extracted from all the categories and the specific feature extracted from highly similar categories are fused into a feature vector. Then the final feature representation is fed into a linear classifier. Finally, experiments using the Caltech-256, Oxford Flower-102, and Tasmania Coral Point Count (CPC) datasets demonstrate that the expression ability of the deep features resulting from two-level hierarchical feature learning is powerful. Our proposed method effectively increases the classification accuracy in comparison with flat multiple classification methods.
Active disturbance rejection control: between the formulation in time and the understanding in frequency

With the rapid deployments of the active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) as a bonafide industrial technology in the background, this paper summarizes some recent results in the analysis of linear ADRC and offers explanations in the frequency response language with which practicing engineers are familiar. Critical to this endeavor is the concept of bandwidth, which has been used in a more general sense. It is this concept that can serve as the link between the otherwise opaque state space formulation of the ADRC and the command design considerations and concerns shared by practicing engineers. The remarkable characteristics of a simple linear ADRC was first shown in the frequency domain, followed by the corresponding analysis in time domain, where the relationship between the tracking error and the ADRC bandwidth is established. It is shown that such insight is only possible by using the method of solving linear differential equations, instead of the more traditional techniques such as the Lyapunov methods, which tend to be more conservative and difficult to grasp by engineers. The insight obtained from such analysis is further demonstrated in the simulation validation.
An ICPSO-RBFNN nonlinear inversion for electrical resistivity imaging

To improve the global search ability and imaging quality of electrical resistivity imaging(ERI) inversion, a two-stage learning ICPSO algorithm of radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) based on information criterion (IC) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) is presented. In the proposed method, IC is applied to obtain the hidden layer structure by calculating the optimal IC value automatically and PSO algorithm is used to optimize the centers and widths of the radial basis functions in the hidden layer. Meanwhile, impacts of different information criteria to the inversion results are compared, and an implementation of the proposed ICPSO algorithm is given. The optimized neural network has one hidden layer with 261 nodes selected by AKAIKE’s information criterion (AIC) and it is trained on 32 data sets and tested on another 8 synthetic data sets. Two complex synthetic examples are used to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method with two learning stages. The results show that the proposed method has better performance and higher imaging quality than three-layer and four-layer back propagation neural networks (BPNNs) and traditional least square(LS) inversion.
Lateral load-carrying capacity analyses of composite shear walls with double steel plates and filled concrete with binding bars

A method is developed to predict the lateral load-carrying capacity of composite shear walls with double steel plates and filled concrete with binding bars (SCBs). Nonlinear finite element models of SCBs were established by using the finite element tool, Abaqus. Tie constraints were used to connect the binding bars and the steel plates. Surface-to-surface contact provided by the Abaqus was used to simulate the interaction between the steel plate and the core concrete. The established models could predict the lateral load-carrying capacity of SCBs with a reasonable degree of accuracy. A calculation method was developed by superposition principle to predict the lateral load-carrying capacity of SCBs for the engineering application. The concrete confined by steel plates and binding bars is under multi-axial compression; therefore, its shear strength was calculated by using the Guo-Wang concrete failure criterion. The shear strength of the steel plates of SCBs was calculated by using the von Mises yielding criterion without considering buckling. Results of the developed method are in good agreement with the testing and finite element results.
Dye tracer infiltration technique to investigate macropore flow paths in Maka Mountain, Yunnan Province, China

In order to investigate the differences of macropores vertical distribution under different surface plants, and to assess the influences of root systems, organic matter and texture on macropore flow paths, two dye tracer infiltration experiments were performed in slopes under two different plants (Campylotropis polyantha (Franch.) Schindl vs. Cynodon dactylon (Linn.) Pers). Dye tracer infiltration experiments with field observations and measurements of soil properties were combined. Results show that the discrepancy in macropores distribution between two slopes under different plants is significant. Root systems have significant effects on macropore flow paths distribution and the effect become more pronounced as the diameter of roots become larger. Organic matter and stone are important factors to affect macropores distribution. Root-soil interface, inter-aggregate macropore and stone-soil interface are important macropore flow paths in well vegetated slopes.
Sliding mode control of solid state transformer using a three-level hysteresis function

The solid state transformer (SST) can be viewed as an energy router in energy internet. This work presents sliding mode control (SMC) to improve dynamic state and steady state performance of a three-stage (rectifier stage, isolated stage and inverter stage) SST for energy internet. SMC with three-level hysteresis sliding functions is presented to control the input current of rectifier stage and output voltage of inverter stage to improve the robustness under external disturbance and parametric uncertainties and reduce the switching frequency. A modified feedback linearization technique using isolated stage simplified model is presented to achieve satisfactory regulation of output voltage of the isolated stage. The system is tested for steady state operation, reactive power control, dynamic load change and voltage sag simulations, respectively. The switching model of SST is implemented in Matlab/ Simulink to verify the SST control algorithms.
Multi-species particle swarms optimization based on orthogonal learning and its application for optimal design of a butterfly-shaped patch antenna

A new multi-species particle swarm optimization with a two-level hierarchical topology and the orthogonal learning strategy (OMSPSO) is proposed, which enhances the global search ability of particles and increases their convergence rates. The numerical results on 10 benchmark functions demonstrated the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm. Then, the proposed algorithm is presented to design a butterfly-shaped microstrip patch antenna. Combined with the HFSS solver, a butterfly-shaped patch antenna with a bandwidth of about 40.1% is designed by using the proposed OMSPSO. The return loss of the butterfly-shaped antenna is greater than 10 dB between 4.15 and 6.36 GHz. The antenna can serve simultaneously for the high-speed wireless computer networks (5.15–5.35 GHz) and the RFID systems (5.8 GHz).
Saturation influence of control voltage on maglev stationary self-excited vibration

This work addresses the saturation influence of control voltage on the occurring of self-excited vibration of maglev vehicle-bridge interaction system, which greatly degrades the stability of the levitation control, decreases the ride comfort, and restricts the cost of the whole system. Firstly, the interaction model of vehicle-bridge system is developed. Based on the interaction model, the relationship between the control voltage and vibration frequency is solved. Then, the variation of the effective direct component and fundamental harmonic are discussed. Furthermore, from the perspective of energy transmission between the levitation system and bridge, the principle underlying the self-excited vibration is explored, and the influence on the stability is discussed. Finally, in terms of the variation of the characteristic roots, the influence is analyzed further and some conclusions are obtained. This study provides a theoretical guidance for mastering the self-excited vibration problems.
Magnetizing roast and magnetic separation of iron in rare-earth tailings

Magnetic separation of iron in rare-earth tailings was achieved by magnetizing roast process with coal as reductant. Effects of the temperature, carbon to oxygen ratio, and cooling type on magnetic susceptibility and composition of rare-earth tailings were investigated. The results show that roast conditions with the temperature of 650 °C, carbon to oxygen ratio of 3.85, and holding time of 2.5 h are in favor of reduction of Fe_2O_3 to Fe_3O_4 when the roasted rare-earth tailings is cooled along with furnace. Under these roast conditions, magnetic susceptibility of rare-earth tailings is 2.36 that is very close to theoretical value (2.33). However, magnetic separation results of iron in rare-earth tailings cooled along with furnace are not satisfactory. Through comparing magnetic separation results of iron in rare-earth tailings cooled by different ways, it is found that water cooling is more favored of magnetic separation of iron in the roasted rare-earth tailings than furnace cooling and air cooling. Grade and recovery of iron in concentrate from rare-earth tailings cooled by water are 45.00%–49.00% and 65.00%–77.50%, respectively.
A land use-based spatial analysis method for human health risk assessment of heavy metals in soil and its application in Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, China

A land use- and geographical information system-based framework was presented for potential human health risk analysis using soil sampling data obtained in Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, China. The results show that heavy metal content in soil significantly differs among different land use types. In total, 8.3% of the study area has a hazard index (HI) above the threshold of 1.0. High HIs are recorded mainly for industrial areas. Arsenic (>87%) and the soil ingestion pathway (about 76%) contribute most to the HI. The mean standardized error and root-mean-square standardized error data indicate that the land use-based simulation method provides more accurate estimates than the classic method, which applies only geostatistical analysis to entire study area and disregards land use information. The findings not only highlight the significance of industrial land use, arsenic and the soil ingestion exposure pathway, but also indicate that evaluating different land use-types can spatially identify areas of greater concern for human health and better identify health risks.
Correlation between microstructural features and tensile strength for friction welded joints of AA-7005 aluminum alloy

Similar friction welded joints of AA-7005 aluminum rods were fabricated using different combinations of process parameters such as friction pressure (1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 MPa) and friction time (10, 15 and 20 s). Interfacial microstructure and formation of intermetallic compounds at the joint interface were evaluated via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectrum (EDS), and optical microscopy (OM). Microstructural observations reveal the formation of intermetallic phases during the welding process which cannot be extruded from the interface. Theses phases influence the tensile strength of the resultant joints. From the tensile characteristics viewpoint, the greatest tensile strength value of 365 MPa is obtained at 1.5 MPa and 15 s. Finally, the role of microstructural features on tensile strength of resultant joints is discussed.
MRI诊断腰椎管内副神经节瘤一例

讨论1912年Pick将嗜铬细胞瘤分为肾内和肾外两种,将发生于肾上腺内的命名为嗜铬细胞瘤,而将发生于肾上腺外的命名为副神经节瘤。副神经节瘤主要分布于脊椎旁交感神经丛区域内未完全退化的嗜铬组织,多见于颈动脉体区或颈静脉球区,椎管内生长的副神经节瘤发病率非常低,大多数集中在腰骶部、马尾和终丝区域椎管内,并且无功能性肿瘤占绝大多数。
Multiple and prolonged porphyry Cu-Au mineralization and alteration events in the Halasu deposit, Chinese Altai, Xinjiang, northwestern China

The Halasu area is located in the southeastern margin of the Chinese Altai in Xinjiang, China. It is part of the Altaid orogenic collage where a number of porphyry-type CueMoeAu deposits have been discovered in recent years. Geological mapping and drilling indicate the presence of various mineralized porphyritic intrusions in the Halasu Cu-Au deposit, which is currently under exploration. UePb dating of zircon crystals from four different mineralized porphyries reveals three significantly different ages of magmatic intrusion, i.e., ca. 372-382 Ma granodioritic porphyry and porphyritic granite, ca. 266 Ma quartz monzonitic porphyry, and ca. 216 Ma quartz dioritic porphyry. Re-Os dating of molybdenite from veinletdissemination ores in the granodioritic porphyry yields an age of mineralization of ca. 377 Ma, and Ar -Ar dating of K-feldspar from K-feldspar-quartz-chalcopyrite veins produces ages of ca. 269 and ca. 198 Ma. The mineralization (and alteration) ages correspond broadly to the three episodes of magmatic intrusion, suggesting three overprinting porphyry mineralization events that are significantly separated in time. The first episode of porphyry intrusion and mineralization may be related to the magmatic arc being above a plate subduction zone, and the second was formed in a late-collisional environment during the closing of the Junggar Ocean, whereas the third episode of mineralization took place in the postcollisional stage. This case study suggests that in orogens where major porphyry deposits have been found in magmatic arc environments, the potential of discovering late- to post-collisional porphyry deposits cannot be neglected; conversely, in orogens where most porphyry deposits have late- to postcollisional ages, more attention should be paid to porphyries that were formed earlier in magmatic arc environments.
Crustal growth history of the Korean Peninsula: Constraints from detrital zircon ages in modern river sediments

U-Pb analyses were carried out on detrital zircon grains from major river-mouth sediments draining South Korea to infer provenance characteristics and the crustal growth history of the southern Korean Peninsula, using a laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (LA-ICP-MS). The Korean Peninsula is located in the East Asian continental margin and mainly comprises three Precambrian massifs and two metamorphic belts in between them.We obtained 515 concordant to slightly discordant zircon ages ranging from ca. 3566 to ca. 48 Ma. Regardless of river-mouth location, predominance of Mesozoic (249-79 Ma) and Paleoproterozoic (2491-1691 Ma) ages with subordinate Archean ages indicates that the zircon ages reflect present exposures of plutonic/metamorphic rocks in the drainage basins of the South Korean rivers and the crustal growth of the southern Korean Peninsula was focused in these two periods. Comparison of detrital zircon-age data between the North and South Korean river sediments reveals that the Paleoproterozoic zircon age distributions of both regions are nearly identical, while the NeoproterozoicePaleozoic ages exist and the Mesozoic ages are dominant in southern Korean Peninsula. This result suggests that Precambrian terrains in Korea record the similar pre-Mesozoic magmatic history and that the influence of Mesozoic magmatism was mainly focused in South Korea.
The effects of convective overshooting on naked helium stars

Using stellar evolutionarymodels, we investigate the effects of convective overshooting on naked helium stars. We find that a larger value of overshooting parameter δ_(ov) results in a larger convective core, which prolongs the lifetimes of naked heliumstars on the heliummain sequence and leads to higher effective temperatures and luminosities. For naked helium stars with masses lower than about 0.8 M_⊙, they hardly become giant stars as a result of a weak burning shell. However, naked helium stars with masses between about 0.8 M_⊙ and 1.1 M_⊙ can evolve into giant branch phases, and finally become carbon oxygen white dwarfs.
Comparison of concentration methods for detection of hepatitis A virus in water samples

Hepatitis A virus is a pathogen associated with water pollution. Contaminated drinking water can cause hepatitis A outbreaks, lead to economic losses, and even threaten human lives. It is difficult to detect low levels of hepatitis A virus in water, so the virus must be concentrated in order to quantify it accurately. Here, we present a simple, rapid, efficient technique for the concentration and detection of hepatitis A virus in water. Our data showed that adding phosphate-buffered saline to the water, pre-filtering the water, and adding Trizol reagent directly to the filtration membrane can significantly improve concentration efficiency. Of three types of filtration membranes studied(mixed cellulose ester membrane, polyvinylidene fluoride membrane, and nylon membrane), the concentration efficiency using mixed cellulose ester membrane with a 0.1-μm pore size was the highest, reaching 92.62 ± 5.17%. This method was used to concentrate hepatitis A virus in water samples from Donghu Lake. Using SYBR Green real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis, the detection sensitivity of this method reached 10~1 copies/μL and its concentration efficiency reached 79.45 ± 9.88%.
Rapid improvement of grain weight via highly efficient CRISPR/Cas9-mediated multiplex genome editing in rice

Most of the important agronomic traits in crop plants, such as yield, quality and stress response, are quantitative and jointly controlled by many genomic loci or major genes. Improving these complex traits depends on the combination of beneficial alleles at the quantitative trait loci (QTLs). However, the conventional cross breeding method is extremely time-consuming and laborious for pyramiding multiple QTLs. In certain cases, this approach might be technically difficult because of close linkage between genes separately responsible for desirable and undesirable traits. Newly developed sequence-specific nuclease (SSN) technology provides a practical method to manipulate multiple genomic targets. For example, a rice triple mutant of BADH2 (Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2), CKX2 (Cytokinin Oxidase 2) and DEP1 (Dense and Erect Panicle 1) has been generated using the transcription activatorlike effector nuclease (TALEN) method (Shan et al., 2015). Another SSN tool, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 system, has a simpler structure and a more convenient construction procedure that might be even more suitable to simultaneously edit multiple targets. In plants, several CRISPR/Cas9 multiplex editing tools have been reported (Xing et al., 2014; Ma et al., 2015; Wang et al., 2015; Xie et al., 2015; Zhang et al., 2015). Although these tools have different efficiencies, all of them generated simultaneous targeted mutations in multiple genes, suggesting that it might be possible to improve crop quantitative traits by taking advantage of a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated multiplex genome editing system.