mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Damage of hippocampal neurons in rats with chronic alcoholism

Chronic alcoholism can damage the cytoskeleton and aggravate neurological deficits. However, the effect of chronic alcoholism on hippocampal neurons remains unclear. In this study, a model of chronic alcoholism was established in rats that were fed with 6% alcohol for 42 days. Endogenous hydrogen sulfide content and cystathionine-beta-synthase activity in the hippocampus of rats with chronic alcoholism were significantly increased, while F-actin expression was decreased. Hippocampal neurons in rats with chronic alcoholism appeared to have a fuzzy nuclear membrane, mitochondrial edema, and ruptured mitochondrial crista. These findings suggest that chronic alcoholism can cause learning and memory decline in rats, which may be associated with the hydrogen sulfide/cystathionine-beta-synthase system, mitochondrial damage and reduced expression of F-actin.
Tooth loss inhibits neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of adult mice

Tooth loss has been shown to affect learning and memory in mice and increases the risk of Alzheimer's disease. The dentate gyrus is strongly associated with cognitive function. This study hypothesized that tooth loss affects neurons in the dentate gyrus. Adult male mice were randomly assigned to either the tooth loss group or normal control group. In the tooth loss group, the left maxillary and mandibular molars were extracted. Normal control mice did not receive any intervention. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that the density and absorbance of doublecortin- and neuronal nuclear antigen-positive cells were lower in the tooth loss group than in the normal control group. These data suggest that tooth loss may inhibit neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of adult mice.
Interfacial thermal resistance between high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and sapphire

To improve the thermal conductivity of polymeric composites, the numerous interfacial thermal resistance (ITR) inside is usually considered as a bottle neck, but the direct measurement of the ITR is hardly reported. In this paper, a sandwich structure which consists of transducer/high density polyethylene (HDPE)/sapphire is prepared to study the interface characteristics. Then, the ITRs between HDPE and sapphire of two samples with different HDPE thickness values are measured by time-domain thermoreflectance (TDTR) method and the results are ~2×10~(-7) m~2·K·W~(-1). Furthermore, a model is used to evaluate the importance of ITR for the thermal conductivity of composites. The model’s analysis indicates that reducing the ITR is an effective way of improving the thermal conductivity of composites. These results will provide valuable guidance for the design and manufacture of polymer-based thermally conductive materials.
Preparation and characterization of nanosized Gd_xBi_(0.95–x)VO_4:0.05Eu~(3+) solid solution as red phosphor

A complete solid solutions with monophasic zircon-type structure of vanadates of formula Gd_xBi_(0.95-x)VO_4:0.05Eu~(3+) (x = 0–0.95) are synthesized by combined method of co-precipitation and hydrothermal synthesis. Their microstructures and morphologies are characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and transmission electronic microscope, and the results show that each of all the samples has a monophasic zircon-type structure. The absorption spectrum of the prepared phosphor shows a blue-shift of the fundamental absorption band edge with increasing the gadolinium content. Under UV-light and visible-light excitation, all the prepared phosphors show the typical luminescence properties of Eu~(3+) in the zircon-type structure. The emission intensity of Gd_xBi_(0.95-x)VO_4:0.05Eu~(3+) (x = 0.55) is strongest in all samples under UV-light and visible-light excitations. Finally, the mechanisms of luminescence of Eu~(3+) in the Gd_xBi_(0.95-x)VO_4:0.05Eu~(3+) (x = 0–0.95) solid solutions are analyzed and discussed.
The Rice Restorer Rf4 for Wild-Abortive Cytoplasmic Male Sterility Encodes a Mitochondrial-Localized PPR Protein that Functions in Reduction of WA352Transcripts

To identify Rf4, we tested whether the candidate genes could restore fertility to a CMS-WA line. To this end, we cloned the genomic sequences (including promoters, open reading frames (ORFs), and 3' downstream regions) of PPR7-454-M (7.1 kb), PPR9-782-M (7.8kb), and PPR 10-454-M (8.0kb) by PCR (primers listed in Supplemental Table 2) or by subcloning of a BAC (see Supplemental Method) into binary vectors. These constructs were transferred into an indica CMS-WA line Jin23A (J23A, with rf3rf3rf4rf4) by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. All transgenic T_0 plants with PPR7-454-M (17 plants) and PPR10-454-M (21 plants) remained male-sterile, but three (T_0-1, T_0-2, T_0-3) of 11 independent T_0 plants transgenic for PPR9-782-M showed partially restored male fertility with 35%, 29%, and 36% of pollen grains stainable with l2-KI, respectively (Supplemental Figure 1). Since very few T, seeds were set by self-pollination, we crossed two of the partially restored PPR9-782-M T_0 plants (T_0-1, T_0-2, using late-generated tillers) with pollen of the main-tainer line Jin23B (J23B, rf3rf3rf4rf4) and obtained 55 T_1 seeds. In these T, lines (T_1-1, T_(1-2)), the 26 plants with the transgene produced nearly 100% l_2-KI-stainable pollen grains (Figure 1B) and showed improved spikelet fertility of 21.0%~67.5% (average 41.7%) seed-setting rates (Figure 1C and Supplemental Figure 2). By contrast, the remaining 29 plants without the transgene were completely male-sterile (Supplemental Figure 2). These results verified PPR9-782-M as the functional Rf4.
A 2.05 eV AlGaInP sub-cell used in next generation solar cells

An Al_(0.13)GaInP sub-cell used as the top cell in the next generation of high efficiency multi-junction solar cells is fabricated. An efficiency of 10.04% with 1457.3 mV in V_(oc) and 11.9 mA/cm~2 in I_(sc) was obtained.QE comparison was carried out to verify the influence of an O-related defect introduced by the high Al-content materials on the cell performance during MOCVD growth. Hetero-structures are employed to confirm the origin of the decreasing short circuit current density compared to a GaInP single junction solar cell. An effective method to improve the performance of broadband solar cells by increasing I_(sc) with a cost of V_(oc) was proposed.
BOXA品位分析仪管理站软件开发

BOXA载流X荧光品位分析仪是选矿过程自动控制中的关键设备,分析仪系统的管理站软件担负着用户交互与记录运行数据的任务,对于分析仪的用户体验,历史数据记录,故障诊断至关重要。管理站软件采用分层模块式的结构,将界面与业务层分开,将不同的功能模块分开,便于用户界面美化升级,减少功能升级时对其他功能模块的影响,具有很好的可维护性和可扩展性。配备该软件的BOXA分析仪已应用于多家矿山企业。
2014年9月锌市场综述及后市展望

根据国家统计局公布的数据,7月份我国锌精矿产量为47.9万吨,同比下降2.3%。1-7月锌精矿产量合计为314.5万吨,同比下降0.43%,而去年同期锌精矿产量同比增幅达到11.5%。实际上今年前7个月,除了6月份锌精矿累计产量同比微弱增长1.5%,其他月份累计产量同比增速都呈现下降态势。锌矿山产量下滑的主要原因是一季度价格低迷导致矿山利润空间收缩,以及2013年下半年以来持续开展的针对矿山企业进行的严格环保核查。
1型糖尿病妊娠优化血糖管理与医学营养治疗

目前，育龄女性孕前糖尿病约占糖尿病孕妇的13%,且患病率有增长趋势。Lawrence等回顾性分析175 249名孕妇资料发现，孕前糖尿病患病率由1999年的0.81%上升到2005年的1.82%。胎盘激素、生长因子和细胞因子导致胰岛素抵抗易致高血糖危害胎儿，孕早期胰岛素相关低血糖给孕妇带来很大风险，尤其是1型糖尿病(T1DM)患者。T1DM女性不良妊娠结局（包括流产、先天畸形、巨大胎儿、死产、早产和先兆子痫等）显著高于一般孕妇,且孕期糖尿病微血管病变（如视网膜病变、肾病、神经病变）、高血压、心血管疾病及甲状腺疾病的发生率均有不同程度增加。保持血糖水平的正常对最大限度地减少上述不良事件至关重要。
非小细胞肺癌患者 MET 表达水平是 MET 单抗的预后预测因素

誗MET是与肝细胞生长因子(hepatocyte growth factor,HGF)结合的酪氨酸激酶受体,它在人类的多种恶性肿瘤中都存在过度表达。MET 的激活常见于肿瘤基因,且其信号通路通常受到多种机制的调节。MET 的蛋白质表达水平、突变及扩增均提示与非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)的预后相关。
桥接组合式内固定系统治疗胫骨粉碎性骨折的疗效分析

[目的]研究桥接组合式内固定系统对治疗胫骨粉碎性骨折的临床效果。[方法]应用桥接组合式内固定系统对30例胫骨粉碎性骨折进行治疗,术前充分准备,术中按照规程操作,术后患者进行早期的康复功能锻炼,评估标准包括手术时间、术中出血量、骨折愈合情况、感染、患者术后功能恢复等情况。[结果]本组术后随访12 ~28个月,平均15个月。术中出血量平均150 ml。本研究对象骨折全部愈合,未出现骨折延迟愈合及不愈合。骨折愈合时间2 ~6个月,平均3个月。2例患者出现膝关节僵硬,对关节功能障碍患者行理疗,关节功能均不同程度改善。未出现踝关节功能受限。肢体功能评价根据sander标准进行:优27例,良1例,可2例,总优良率为93. 3%。1例出现皮肤切口渗液,2例患者术后出现皮肤切口疼痛发红,体温略高,给予对症治疗后治愈。内固定松动、断裂未出现。[结论]桥接内固定系统结构简单,操作简便,骨折复位固定效果好,并发症少,对治疗胫骨粉碎性骨折疗效良好。
硼替佐米联合地塞米松治疗原发性肾轻链沉积病1例报告

肾脏轻链沉积病(LCDD)属于浆细胞病,在临床上较少见,诊断治疗较困难。我们以小剂量硼替佐米治疗1例患者获得良效。现报道如下。
基于新检测方法的知母总皂苷最佳提取工艺研究

目的基于新的紫外检测方法来确定知母总皂苷的最佳提取工艺。方法通过优化显色剂和显色参数,建立知母总皂苷的最佳检测方法,并以总皂苷提取效率为指标确定最佳提取工艺。结果最优检测方法为对二甲氨基苯甲醛-磷酸显色法,检测参数为加入1.0% 对二甲氨基苯甲醛乙醇溶液2.0mL 和磷酸6.0mL,在60℃ 水浴中加热60 min 后冰水浴冷却5 min,再加无水乙醇4.0mL,摇匀,在520.0nm 处测定吸光度值;知母总皂苷最佳提取工艺为6倍量70% 乙醇提取2次,每次1.5 h。结论该方法简便、准确、可靠,适于知母总皂苷的定量测定及提取工艺优化研究。
肌内效贴贴扎疗法治疗姿势性腰痛的临床观察

姿势性腰痛,俗称腰背肌肉筋膜炎、腰背肌肉纤维及腰肌劳损,多由于急性腰捩伤未获得适当治疗或治疗不彻底,或因长期不良姿势影响导致腰背部肌肉及其周围软组织出现痉挛、缺血、粘连等无菌性炎症征象,进而使腰肌易于疲劳,出现劳损及疼痛等临床表现,为临床常见病、多发病。肌内效贴布作为一种新型贴布具有操作简便、应用广泛、防水透气、低过敏性等特点,近年来逐渐被临床所重视。自我科引入肌内效贴布贴扎疗法以来在用于治疗姿势性腰痛方面取得了较好的临床疗效。现报告如下。
异位嗜铬细胞瘤合并下腔静脉瘤栓1例报告

嗜铬细胞瘤应首选手术治疗。并发下腔静脉瘤栓者的具体手术方式取决于瘤栓水平及下腔静脉壁是否侵犯,同时术前安置下腔静脉滤网可避免瘤栓脱落引起的肺栓塞。对于已有广泛远处转移的患者,不建议手术取栓,因为手术风险高于对于患者预后的改善。但是国外有文献指出恶性嗜铬细胞瘤伴腔静脉瘤栓者通常预后不良,手术切除后的5年生存率<40%;若出现转移,绝大多数患者的生存期低于3年。所以可考虑术后化疗,经常采用CVD方案(环磷酰胺+达卡巴嗪+长春新碱)。本例患者,由于术后病理提示切缘均未见肿瘤侵及,影像学也未提示存在附近淋巴结增大或远处转移,因而术后没有采取化疗,仅长期观察随访。
Seasonal variations of phytoplankton phosphorus stress in the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass

The Yellow Sea is located between the China Mainland and the Korean Peninsula, representing a typical shallow epicontinental sea. The Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass (YSCWM) is one of the most important physical features in the Yellow Sea. The characteristics of vertical profiles and seasonal variations of biogenic elements in the YSCWM may lead the variations of nutrient availability (e.g., phosphorus) and phosphorus stress of phytoplankton. In this study, the authors surveyed the seasonal variations of phytoplankton phosphorus stress with emphasis on the effect of the YSCWM during the four cruises in April and October 2006, March and August 2007. Using both bulk and single-cell alkaline phosphatase activity (APA) assays, this study evaluated phosphorus status of phytoplankton community, succession of phytoplankton community and ecophysiological responses of phytoplankton to phosphorus in the typical region of the YSCWM. With the occurrence of the YSCWM, especially the variations of concentration of dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP), the results of bulk APA appeared corresponding seasonal variations. Along Transects A and B, the mean APA in August was the highest, and that in March was the lowest. According to the ELF-labeled assay's results, seasonal variations of the ELF-labeled percentages within dominant species indicated that diatoms were dominant in March, April and October, while dinoflagellates were dominant in August. During the four cruises, the ELF-labeled percentages of diatoms except Paralia sulcata showed that diatoms were not phosphorus deficient in April 2006 at all, but suffered from severe phosphorus stress in August 2007. In comparison, the ELF-labeled percentages of dinoflagellates were all above 50% during the four time series, which meant dinoflagellates such as Alexandrium and Scrippsiella, sustained perennial phosphorus stress.
肌注苄星青霉素致多神经病1例

该患者有梅毒病史，多次肌注苄星霉素后突发下肢肌力减退，诊断首先考虑苄星青霉素不良反应，同时需与神经梅毒相鉴别。神经梅毒是梅毒螺旋体感染人体后出现的脑脊膜、血管或脑脊髓实质损害的一组临床综合征。由于神经梅毒的临床表现多样，影像学及EEG检查均无特异性，其诊断需综合实验室检查及临床表现。目前诊断主要参考疾病预防与控制中心2010年制定的神经梅毒诊断标准。主要根据先天或后天梅毒感染病史，有神经梅毒的临床症状和体征，脑脊液淋巴细胞和蛋白增多，血清和脑脊液梅毒实验阳性。该患者既往无神经瘫痪及颅内压增高病史，也无排尿困难，步行至当地诊所，肌注苄星青霉素后才出现多神经病。根据国家食品药品监督管理局的关联性评价，该患者发生不良反应前只使用注射用苄星青霉素，使用后30 min即出现不良反应，存在明显的时间合理性关系，故多神经病是由于注射苄星青霉素引起的，排除神经梅毒。
传统敬老文化对现代社会精神养老的借鉴

伴随着我国社会养老保障体系的逐步完善，养老的物质保障方面已引起社会的足够重视，但精神养老却往往被忽视。根据马斯洛的需要层次理论，当人的物质需求得到满足后，就会产生较高层次的需求。为避免老年人因精神空虚而带来各种身心疾病，精神养老必将成为当今社会养老的重点环节。
腹部手术后的血糖变化

外科手术后的病人绝大多数会发生糖代谢紊乱，表现为高血糖、糖耐量下降及胰岛素抵抗，其中50%以上可诊断为应激性高血糖。既往临床工作中经常忽略对外科手术后应激性高血糖防治工作，近年来已经有很多证据表明术后应激性高血糖可延长病人住院时间及增加死亡率。
老年帕金森病大鼠模型皮质中γ-氨基丁酸 A受体β亚基含量的变化

目的探讨在帕金森病（PD）状态下皮质中γ-氨基丁酸（GABA） A受体各个β亚基表达水平的变化。方法分离6-羟基多巴（6-OHDA）制作成功的PD动物模型的皮质，应用高效液相（HPLC）法测定皮质中GABA的含量，应用qRT-PCR的方法检测GABA A受体中β1、β2、β3亚基的mRNA表达水平，应用Western印迹的方法检测GABA A受体中β1、β2、β3亚基的蛋白质表达水平。结果PD模型大鼠注射侧的皮质中GABA的浓度较对照侧及正常对照的双侧均有不同程度的升高（P<0.05）。皮质中，β1、β2、β3亚基的mRNA表达均有所降低，β2和β3亚基降低更明显（P<0.01）;各个亚基的蛋白水平的变化趋势与mRNA的变化一致。结论GABA A受体的β1、β2、β3亚基在皮质中均有表达，且与GABA在PD动物脑组织中含量相适应，β1、β2、β3亚基均有受体下调的情况。
外周血SOCS-1的表达及与慢性丙型肝炎自身免疫现象的关系

目的探讨慢性丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染者体内外周血细胞因子信号转导抑制因子-1(SOCS-1)和自身免疫现象的关系。方法选取78例HCV 感染者及40例健康对照者，分为健康对照组、慢性丙肝有自身免疫现象组和慢性丙肝无自身免疫现象组，以及肝硬化组及非肝硬化组，检测肝功能、HCV RNA、自身抗体、免疫球蛋白、肝纤维化4项及SOCS-1 mRNA水平。结果HCV感染者有自身免疫现象组血清SOCS-1 mRNA水平较其他两组显著降低(P<0.05)；SOCS-1 mRNA水平与谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、HCV RNA、IgG、IgA、IgM无相关性，与肝纤维化4项中透明质酸（HA）、Ⅲ型前胶原（PcⅢ）、屈黏蛋白（LN）有相关性。结论SOCS-1表达降低可能是刺激机体产生自身免疫现象的原因。
创伤性颈部气管食管破裂五例

颈部气管食管破裂是外伤中较严重类型,早期可因失血性休克、窒息造成死亡,晚期引发感染中毒性休克、MODS等可危及生命。及时正确的急诊处置对该类患者至关重要。笔者对我院2007年3月—2013年5月收治的5例创伤性气管合并食管损伤患者的临床资料进行分析。现报告如下。
Curved carbon nanotubes: From unique geometries to novel properties and peculiar applications

Incorporating pentagons and heptagons into the hexagonal networks of pristine carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can form various CNT-based nanostructures,as pentagons and heptagons will bend or twist the CNTs by introducing positive and negative curvature, respectively. Some typical so-made CNT-based nanostructures are reviewed in this article, including zero-dimensional toroidal CNTs, and one-dimensional kinked and coiled CNTs. Due to the presence of non-hexagonal rings and curved geometries, such nanostructures possess rather different structural, physical and chemical properties from their pristine CNT counterparts, which are reviewed comprehensively in this article. Additionally,their synthesis, modelling studies, and potential applications are discussed.
Large-area nanopatterned graphene for ultrasensitive gas sensing

Chemical vapor deposited (CVD) graphene is nanopatterned using a spherical block copolymer etch mask. The use of spherical rather than cylindrical block copolymers allows homogeneous patterning of cm-scale areas without any substrate surface treatment. Raman spectroscopy was used to study the controlled generation of point defects in the graphene lattice with increasing etching time, confirming that alongside the nanomesh patterning, the nanopatterned CVD graphene presents a high defect density between the mesh holes. The nanopatterned samples showed sensitivities for NO_2 of more than one order of magnitude higher than for non-patterned graphene. NO_2 concentrations as low as 300 ppt were detected with an ultimate detection limit of tens of ppt. This is the smallest value reported so far for non-UV illuminated graphene chemiresistive NO_2 gas sensors. The dramatic improvement in the gas sensitivity is believed to be due to the high adsorption site density, thanks to the combination of edge sites and point defect sites. This work opens the possibility of large area fabrication of nanopatterned graphene with extremely high densities of adsorption sites for sensing applications.
偏头痛的脑结构异常

偏头痛是一种原发性头痛,影像学证据显示患者常有不同程度的脑灰质体积改变、脑白质损伤、大脑皮质的改变、梗死样脑损伤、Willis环变异及脑内过量铁沉积等变化。这些改变可能与头痛发作频率、持续时间以及病程进展有关。目前,对于偏头痛脑损害与患者头痛发作、认知功能下降和脑血管事件之间关系的观点不同。本综述中我们总结了偏头痛可能出现的病理变化,旨在改变人们传统的偏头痛是良性疾病的观念。
Intensification of Deep Hydrodesulfurization Through a Two-stage Combination of Monolith and Trickle Bed Reactors

Deep hydrodesulfurization (HDS) is an important process to produce high quality liquid fuels with ultra-low sulfur. Process intensification for deep HDS could be implemented by developing new active catalysts and/or new types of reactors. In this work, the kinetics of dibenzothiophene (DBT) hydrodesulfurization over Ni-P/SBA-15/ cordierite catalyst was investigated at 340-380℃ and 3.0-5.0 MPa. The first-order reaction model with respect to both DBT and H_2 was used to fit the kinetics data in a batch recycle operation system. It is found that both the activation energy and rate constant over the Ni-P monolithic catalyst under our operating conditions are close to those over conventionally used HDS catalysts. Comparative performance studies of two types of reactors, i.e., trickle bed reactor and monolithic reactor, were performed based on reactor modeling and simulation. The results indicate that the productivity of the monolithic reactor is 3 times higher than that of the trickle bed reactor on a catalyst weight basis since effective utilization of the catalyst is higher in the monolithic reactor, but the volumetric productivity of the monolithic reactor is lower for HDS of DBT. Based on simulation results, a tworeactor-in-series configuration for hydrodesulfurization is proposed, in which a monolithic reactor is followed by a tickled bed reactor so as to attain intensified performance of the system converting fuel oil of different sulfur-containing compounds. It is illustrated that the two reactor scheme outperforms the trickle bed reactor both on reactor volume and catalyst mass bases while the content of sulfur is reduced from 200 μg?g~(-1) to about 10 μg?g~(-1).
输血相关性急性肺损伤大鼠模型髓系细胞触发受体-1的表达

输血相关性急性肺损伤(TRALI)是输血过程中的常见严重并发症，其确切的发病机制尚不清楚。髓系细胞触发受体(TREM-1)是表达于中性粒细胞等髓系细胞表面的胞膜受体，可以触发并放大炎性反应，是炎性反应信号传导通路的重要介质，但其与TRALI的关系尚不明确。我们通过“二次打击”法建立TRALI大鼠模型，观察TREM-1在TRALI肺组织中的表达变化。
评崔之久教授的新著《混杂堆积与环境》

由崔之久教授和他的团队编写的这部巨著《混杂堆积与环境》,终于在2013年问世了。我用了很长时间,仔细地阅读了这部著作,获益匪浅。我和崔之久教授长期合作,彼此工作十分了解。看到了他的这部巨著,感到欣喜之余也很吃惊。吃惊在于他的精力过人,能把如此多的领域汇总在“混杂堆积”这一概念之中。这恐怕是连当年提出“混杂堆积”(Diamicton)的R. F. Flint (1960年)也想不到的。
1例肝移植术后并发消化道胸腔瘘患者的护理

总结了1例肝移植术后并发消化道胸腔瘘患者的护理。护理要点包括：急性呼吸衰竭期呼吸机辅助呼吸及胸腔闭式引流的管理，胸腔镜下胸腔探查术及胸腔持续冲洗的护理，消化道瘘的评估，剖腹探查、空肠部分切除、端端吻合术的围术期护理，“三阶段热量递减方案”营养支持的护理，以及应用免疫抑制剂和抗菌药物的观察和护理。患者救治成功，康复出院，随访6个月，状况良好。
多浆膜腔积液浆细胞型Castleman病一例

讨论本例患者以腹胀就诊,经检查发现有腹腔积液,后逐渐明确合并胸腔积液和心包积液。首先需明确腹腔积液性质,肝硬化、结核病和消化道肿瘤均可出现多浆膜腔积液,心源性因素如右心功能不全、心包炎等也可导致。腹腔积液检查提示在渗出液和漏出液之间,SAAG>11.0 g/L,初步诊断易考虑与门静脉高压相关。但多发淋巴结肿大不能用门静脉高压解释,故淋巴结活组织检查为诊断提供了另一线索,初次病理检查仅提示反应性增生,经再次切片后才明确Castleman病,提示病理检查是诊断Castleman病的关键。
自制椎弓根瞄准器引导T_1椎体成形术9例报告

经皮穿刺椎体成形术自1984年被首次报道,现已广泛应用于椎体血管瘤、椎体转移瘤等疾病的治疗,并取得了良好的疗效。该术式一般用于颈椎、腰椎或中下段胸椎,而上胸椎较少,T_1更为罕见。T_1椎弓根较细,位于椎体上缘,毗邻肺、大血管等重要解剖结构,又有肩胛骨的遮挡,透视困难,穿刺难度大,手术风险高,T_1经皮穿刺椎体成形术一直是骨科手术的难题。
Hybrid Model to Evaluate Electromagnetic Irradiation Coupling of Enclosure via Wire Penetration

For studying the coupling effect of electromagnetic irradiation to rectangular enclosure with wire penetration, a new hybrid model is proposed to determine the shielding effectiveness of the enclosure. This model based on rectangular-enclosure equivalent circuit regards the penetrating wire as a monopole antenna, and the frequency-domain results of calculation using this model match with that of computer simulation technology (CST) Microwave Studio. Meanwhile, this new model requires far less computation than traditional methods: 3 s for one sample on an average personal computer. Based on the presented model, the relationships between enclosure volume, external length of wire penetration, internal length of wire penetration, and shielding effectiveness are analyzed. In the frequency range from 100 MHz to 1 000 MHz, when keeping the length of penetrating wire unchanged, the shielding effectiveness of an enclosure at its center point increases with the cavity volume. There is no obvious effect from the external length of penetrating wire on the shielding effectiveness. If the external length of a penetrating wire is 8 cm unchanged, the shielding effectiveness of the penetrated enclosure at its center point declines with the increase of internal length of the penetrating wire.
Electromagnetic Simulation Analysis of Energy Selective Surface

A new protection method using an energy selective surface (ESS) is presented for protecting electronic equipments from attacking by high power electromagnetic weapons. ESS is an impedance surface that is sensitive to the incident electromagnetic field intensity. The protection mechanism, structural design, equivalent circuit modeling, and full-wave simulations of ESS are discussed. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that ESS is transparent to small signals but opaque to larger signals. The typical insertion loss of ESS is about 1.5 dB and the minimum shielding efficiency is about 20.0 dB in the L band. ESS with the variable transmission loss can be used for protecting electronic equipments from damage in intensive electromagnetic environments.
有氧运动和褪黑素对2型糖尿病大鼠抗氧化运动功能的影响

目的：探讨有氧运动和褪黑素对糖尿病大鼠抗氧化功能的影响。方法：成年SD大鼠50只随机分为5组（n=10）：正常对照组(N)、糖尿病组(D)、糖尿病运动组(D+E)、糖尿病褪黑素组(D+M)、糖尿病运动和褪黑素组(D+E+M)，观察大鼠血清丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、血糖和血脂的变化。结果：与N组相比，D组大鼠血清SOD、GSH- Px水平、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)含量下降，MDA水平、血糖、胆固醇(TC)、血清甘油三酯(TG)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDLC)含量明显上升(P<0.05,P<0.01)。D+E组和D+M组大鼠与D组比较血清中SOD、GSH-Px活性、HDL-C含量显著升高，MDA水平、血糖、TC、TG和LDL-C含量显著降低（P<0.05，P<0.01），有氧运动和褪黑素同时干预可使糖尿病大鼠血清中SOD、GSH-Px活性、HDL-C含量进一步升高，MDA水平、血糖、TC、TG和LDL-C含量进一步降低（P<0.05，P<0.01）。结论：有氧运动和褪黑素均能对糖尿病大鼠氧化应激有明显的抑制作用，且两者联合干预的效果更加显著，其可能机制与糖尿病大鼠的糖脂代谢紊乱状态改善有关。
《“中国西北科学考查团”八十周年大庆纪念册》勘误

学术出版物错误百出,是当今浮躁社会的景象之一。本刊特发表年近百岁的陈老撰写的一篇勘误表。中国地球物理学会“西北科学考查团”研究会“八十周年大庆纪念册”编委会编:《“中国西北科学考查团”八十周年大庆纪念册》,北京:气象出版社,2011年,488页,90元。ISBN: 9787502951801
A novel member of lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase protein identified in lamprey, Lampetra japonica

Lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase p56 (Lck) is a member of the Src family of non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase. Lck plays an important role in mediating T-cell receptor (TCR) signal transduction and the development, differentiation, proliferation, and activation of T-cells. Lck contains N-terminus of myristylation sequence, a unique aminoterminus region, followed by Src homology 3 (SH3) and SH2 domains and a C-terminus of tyrosine kinase catalytic domain. Lck can associate with the inner face of the plasma membrane through its myristoyl glycine and palmitoyl cysteines in the amino-terminus. Following the myristylation sequence, there is the unique region, a short region of ~80 amino acids. This unique region is involved in the interaction of Lck with specific cellular proteins. Downstream of this unique region are SH3 and SH2 domains which are involved in protein-protein interactions . The tyrosine kinase domain is the catalytic domain of Lck catalyzing the transfer of the gamma-phosphate from ATP to tyrosine residues in proteins. The catalytic domain of human Lck contains a site of autophosphorylation (Tyr-394), which plays an important role in regulating the protein kinase activity. Agnathans, represented by lamprey and hagfish, are the oldest vertebrates currently identified possessing the adaptive immune defenses. A recent study of jawless vertebrate has provided a clue for the origin of adaptive immune defense. Though TCR and B-cell receptor system do not exist in jawless vertebrates, lamprey has been confirmed to possess an alternative immune system that could specifically recognize and respond to external pathogens.
瞬时弹性成像技术在脂肪性肝病中的应用现状

瞬时弹性成像技术(transientelastography, TE)是一门基于超声波或磁共振的瞬时弹性改变评估肝脏硬度(liver stiffness measurement, LSM),从而无创诊断肝纤维化及其程度的新技术,其中以2001年法国学者基于A型超声仪器的TE (FibroScan)应用最为广泛,相继被法国、德国等欧盟国家以及包括我国在内的众多亚洲国家临床应用。FibroScan 现已成为无创定量评估各种类型的慢性肝病患者肝纤维化和肝硬化的重要方法,包括非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, NAFLD)和酒精性肝病(alcoholic liver disease, ALD)。2010年,FibroScan基于LSM诊断平台新增同时检测肝细胞脂肪变的功能,主要是利用超声波在脂肪组织中传播出现显著衰减的特征,通过受控衰减参数(controlled attenuation parameter , CAP)定量检测肝脂肪变。现有的临床病理学研究结果显示,CAP和LSM对慢性肝病患者肝脂肪变和肝纤维化都具有良好的稳定性和准确性。然而,人体质量指数(body mass index, BMI)增高以及腹壁皮下脂肪层增厚等因素可能会降低FibroScan检测的成功率(85%),并可能对M探头检测CAP和LSM结果的准确性有不良影响。
自噬在肝纤维化中的作用

自噬是一种真核细胞进化过程中高度保守的机制,是溶酶体途径蛋白降解的主要方式之一,参与蛋白质、细胞器以及入侵微生物的降解,因而自噬是维持细胞内稳态必不可少的一条分解代谢途径。自噬既具有保护细胞,又具有诱导细胞死亡的双重作用,并与细胞的凋亡、衰老及分化有着密切的联系。自1962年Ashford和Porter通过电子显微镜在肝细胞中发现自噬现象以来,越来越多的研究结果显示,自噬在诸多人类疾病中起着重要的作用,其中包括肝纤维化。肝纤维化可见于多种慢性肝病,是因反复肝损伤所致的一种可逆性瘢痕愈合反应,病理学表现为细胞外基质过度沉积,肝窦毛细血管化和小叶间纤维间隔的形成。肝纤维化可进一步进展为肝硬化并最终导致肝功能衰竭、门静脉高压、肝性脑病及肝癌的发生。现分析自噬对肝星状细胞(hepatic stellate cell, HSC)及肝细胞的调节作用,以及近年来自噬在肝纤维疾病中的研究进展。
White light emission of Eu~(3+)/Ag co-doped Y_2Si_2O_7

The Eu~(3+)/Ag co-doped rare earth disilicate Y_2Si_2O_7 microcrystal was synthesized by sol-gel method. Through controlling the thermal treatment process of Y_2Si_2O_7:Eu~(3+)/Ag precursor, various phases (amorphous, α, β, γ, δ) were prepared. White light emission was observed under UV light excitation in the samples heavily doped with Ag. The white light was realized by combining the intense red emission of Eu~(3+), the green emission attributed to the very small molecule-like, non-plasmonic Ag particles (ML-Ag-particles), and the blue emission due to Ag ions. Results demonstrated that Eu~(3+)/Ag co-doped Y_2Si_2O_7 microcrystal could be potentially applied as white light emission phosphors for UV LED chips.