mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
A framework for stochastic estimation of electric vehicle charging behavior for risk assessment of distribution networks

Power systems are being transformed to enhance the sustainability. This paper contributes to the knowledge regarding the operational process of future power networks by developing a realistic and stochastic charging model of electric vehicles (EVs). Large-scale integration of EVs into residential distribution networks (RDNs) is an evolving issue of paramount significance for utility operators. Unbalanced voltages prevent effective and reliable operation of RDNs. Diversified EV loads require a stochastic approach to predict EVs charging demand, consequently, a probabilistic model is developed to account several realistic aspects comprising charging time, battery capacity, driving mileage, state-of-charge, traveling frequency, charging power, and time-of-use mechanism under peak and off-peak charging strategies. An attempt is made to examine risks associated with RDNs by applying a stochastic model of EVs charging pattern. The output of EV stochastic model obtained from Monte-Carlo simulations is utilized to evaluate the power quality parameters of RDNs. The equipment capability of RDNs must be evaluated to determine the potential overloads. Performance specifications of RDNs including voltage unbalance factor, voltage behavior, domestic transformer limits and feeder losses are assessed in context to EV charging scenarios with various charging power levels at different penetration levels. Moreover, the impact assessment of EVs on RDNs is found to majorly rely on the type and location of a power network.
Interactive roles of geometrical distribution and geomechanical deformation of fracture networks in fluid flow through fractured geological media

In this study, the combined effects of geometrical distribution and geomechanical deformation of fracture networks on fluid flow through fractured geological media are investigated numerically. We consider a finite-sized model domain in which the geometry of fracture systems follows a power-law length scaling. The geomechanical response of the fractured rock is simulated using a hybrid finite-discrete element model, which can capture the deformation of intact rocks, the interaction of matrix blocks, the displacement of discrete fractures and the propagation of new cracks. Under far-field stress loading, the locally variable stress distribution in the fractured rock leads to a stress-dependent variable aperture field controlled by compression-induced closure and shear-induced dilatancy of rough fractures. The equivalent permeability of the deformed fractured rock is calculated by solving for the fracture-matrix flow considering the cubic relationship between fracture aperture and flow rate at each local fracture segment. We report that the geometrical connectivity of fracture networks plays a critical role in the hydromechanical processes in fractured rocks. A well-connected fracture system under a high stress ratio condition exhibits intense frictional sliding and large fracture dilation/opening, leading to greater rock mass permeability. However, a disconnected fracture network accommodates much less fracture shearing and opening, and has much lower bulk permeability. We further propose an analytical solution for the relationship between the equivalent permeability of fractured rocks and the connectivity metric(i.e. percolation parameter) of fracture networks, which yields an excellent match to the numerical results. We infer that fluid flow through a well-connected system is governed by traversing channels(forming an "in parallel" architecture) and thus equivalent permeability is sensitive to stress loading(due to stress-dependent fracture permeability), whilst fluid flow through a disconnected system is more ruled by matrix(linking isolated clusters "in series") and has much less stress dependency.
Hydro-mechanical fault reactivation modeling based on elasto-plasticity with embedded weakness planes

In this paper, an elasto-plastic constitutive model is employed to capture the shear failure that may occur in a rock mass presenting mechanical discontinuities, such as faults, fractures, bedding planes or other planar weak structures. The failure may occur in two modes: a sliding failure on the weak plane or an intrinsic failure of the rock mass. The rock matrix is expected to behave elastically or fail in a brittle manner, being represented by a non-associated Mohr-Coulomb behavior, while the sliding failure is represented by the evaluation of the Coulomb criterion on an explicitly defined plane. Failure may furthermore affect the hydraulic properties of the rock mass: the shearing of the weakness plane may create a transmissive fluid pathway. Verification of the mechanical submodel is conducted by comparison with an analytical solution, while the coupled hydro-mechanical behavior is validated with field data and will be applied within a model and code validation initiative. The work presented here aims at documenting the progress in code development, while accurate match of the field data with the numerical results is current work in progress.
The Impact of Multilateral Imported Cases of COVID-19 on the Epidemic Control in China

While the spread of COVID-19 in China is under control, the pandemic is developing rapidly around the world. Due to the normal migration of population, China is facing the high risk from imported cases. The potential specificmedicine and vaccine are still in the process of clinical trials. Currently, controlling the impact of imported cases is the key to prevent new outbreak of COVID-19 in China. In this paper, we propose two impulsive systems to describe the impact of multilateral imported cases of COVID-19. Based on the published data, we simulate and analyze the epidemic trends under different control strategies. In particular, we compare four different scenarios and show the corresponding medical burden. The results can be useful in designing appropriate control strategy for imported cases in practice.
Effective Boundary Conditions for the Heat Equation with Interior Inclusion

Of concern is the scenario of a heat equation on a domain that contains a thin layer, on which the thermal conductivity is drastically different from that in the bulk. The multi-scales in the spatial variable and the thermal conductivity lead to computational difficulties, so we may think of the thin layer as a thickless surface, on which we impose “effective boundary conditions”(EBCs). These boundary conditions not only ease the computational burden, but also reveal the effect of the inclusion. In this paper, by considering the asymptotic behavior of the heat equation with interior inclusion subject to Dirichlet boundary condition, as the thickness of the thin layer shrinks, we derive, on a closed curve inside a two-dimensional domain, EBCs which include a Poisson equation on the curve, and a non-local one. It turns out that the EBCs depend on the magnitude of the thermal conductivity in the thin layer, compared to the reciprocal of its thickness.
Collagen Fibers in Crocodile Skin and Teeth:A Morphological Comparison Using Light and Scanning Electron Microscopy

Collagen is one of the most versatile tissues of living organisms that comes in many shapes and sizes,providing functions ranging from tissue matrix through,ligament formation up to enabling mineralization in teeth.The detailed light microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) observations conducted in this study,allowed us to investigate morphology,sizes and crimp patterns of collagen fibers observed in crocodile skin and teeth.Moreover,the microscopy study revealed that although two completely different tissues were investigated,many similarities in their structure based on collagen fibers were observed.Collagen type I is present in crocodile skin and teeth,showing the flexibility in naturally constructed tissues to obtain various functions.The crimp size investigation of collagen fibers confirmed experimentally the theoretical 67 nm D-periodicity expected for collagen type I.The collagen in teeth provides a matrix for crystal growth and in the skin provides flexibility and is a precursor for corneous scales.Importantly,these observations of the collagen in the skin and tooth structure in crocodiles play an important role in designing biomimetic materials with similar functions and properties.
色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎1例并文献复习

色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎(pigmented villonodular synovitis,PVNS)是一种良性的、局部侵犯的、增生的滑膜疾病,常表现为骨侵犯。常发生于肌腱鞘、关节和关节囊,发生于颞下颌关节(temporomandibular joint,TMJ)者罕见。临床多表现为受累关节无痛性肿胀或轻度疼痛伴肿胀。现结合文献复习对1例发生在右侧TMJ并累及颅底的PVNS病例进行报道。
后路椎弓根钉固定联合植骨治疗A3型胸腰段骨折

[目的]分析后路椎弓根螺钉固定联合经椎弓根伤椎内植骨治疗A3型胸腰段骨折的临床效果。[方法]2013年1月~2016年1月,58例A3型胸腰段骨折患者在本科行后路椎弓根螺钉内固定联合椎体内植骨治疗。[结果]平均手术时间为(71.51±23.51) min,术中平均出血量(82.17±33.80) ml,平均住院时间(13.61±3.74) d。并发症发生率为13.8%。58例均获随访,VAS评分、ODI评分、FIM评分、改良Macnab疗效评定标准术后及末次随访较术前明显改善(P<0.05)。椎体前缘高度、椎体中央高度、Cobb角术后及末次随访较术前明显改善(P<0.05)。[结论]后路椎弓根螺钉内固定联合椎体内植骨治疗A3型胸腰段骨折,能有效缓解疼痛、恢复椎体高度、矫正脊柱后凸畸形、提高患者生活质量。
解剖钢板重建肋骨巨大软骨肉瘤术后胸壁1例报告

软骨肉瘤是一种比较常见的骨骼系统恶性肿瘤,占全部原发恶性肿瘤的9.2%,最常发生于骨盆及股骨。软骨肉瘤发生于肋骨等扁平骨也偶有报道。一般发生在肋骨的软骨肉瘤常常长到很大时才产生临床症状,而软骨肉瘤对放疗和化疗都不敏感,根治性手术切除是目前治疗软骨肉瘤最好的方法。但对于巨大肿瘤切除后如何重建胸壁的稳定,防止连枷胸的出现,缺乏较好的材料,也没有统一的重建方法。国内外关于使用普通骨盆重建钢板重建胸壁的研究尚未见诸于报道。现就胸壁软骨肉瘤患者行肿瘤切除术后应用解剖钢板重建胸腔病例报道如下。
皮内缝合与间断缝合对全膝关节置换术切口愈合的影响

[目的]探讨皮内缝合与一般间断缝合对全膝关节置换(TKA)手术切口愈合的影响。[方法]选取2016年10月~2018年3月,行全膝关节置换手术的患者90例。按照患者个人意愿,分为皮内缝合组(48例)与一般间断缝合组(42例)。男性18例,女性72例,平均年龄(63.27±5.42)岁,平均病程(8.07±4.12)年。分别比较两组患者的缝合时间、术后住院时间、换药次数、缝线反应例数、脂肪液化例数、切口对合情况、术后1年内感染例数、术后切口愈合情况及患者满意度。[结果]皮内缝合组缝合时间稍小于一般间断缝合组,术后换药次数亦稍小于一般间断缝合组,但差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。皮内缝合组术后住院天数短于一般间断缝合组,患者满意度高于一般间断缝合组,术后出现缝线反应的概率小于一般间断缝合组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组在术后出现脂肪液化比率、切口对合不良比率、非甲级愈合比率、术后1年内感染例数差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。[结论]相较于一般间断缝合,皮内缝合可以有效促进膝关节置换术后切口愈合、减少不良反应的发生率,是一种有效的缝合方式。
对孤立肾的认识和临床管理进展

孤立肾包括单侧肾未发育或发育不良所致的先天性孤立肾和因肾肿瘤、外伤、结核、活体捐肾等原因切除单侧肾脏的获得性孤立肾。孤立肾并非良性状态,存在慢性肾脏病(CKD)和终末期肾脏病(ESRD)的风险,而目前对孤立肾的认识存在不足。本文就孤立肾的流行病学、病理生理、临床结局、保护措施和监测随访进行综述,旨在加深对孤立肾的认识和科学地保护。
低年资护士患者安全系统化培训方案的构建和实践

目的构建低年资护士患者安全系统化培训方案,并探讨其实践效果。方法以泰勒目标模式为基本框架,基于布鲁姆的教育目标分类理论及培训需求分析制定低年资护士患者安全系统化培训方案。选取低年资护士80名,运用系统化培训方法开展患者安全培训,并于培训前后对培训效果进行评价及动态追踪反馈。结果系统化培训后,考核成绩合格率为100%,优秀率达85.00%;低年资护士的患者安全核心能力及知识、系统、技能维度评分显著高于培训前(P<0.05,P<0.01);培训后1年发生各类不良事件的低年资护士人数显著低于培训前1年(均P<0.05),且临床带教老师、医生、护士长对低年资护士临床护理质量与安全行为评价均>4分(总评分5分)。结论对低年资护士进行患者安全系统化培训,有利于提升低年资护士的患者安全核心能力,降低不良事件发生率,保障护理安全。
有毒中药防治恶性肿瘤基础研究概况及展望

对近40年来国内外针对有毒中药防治恶性肿瘤的基础研究进行概括,分别论述三个阶段的研究特点:20世纪八九十年代的研究初期,以大毒类动物药的粗提物为主,并开发了临床有效成药"华蟾素注射液";21世纪初,植物药和单体研究占据主导,并进行了大量的机制探讨,三氧化二砷治疗急性早幼粒细胞白血病的显著疗效使得中医药在国际上获得认可;近十年来,药物新剂型的开发、复合物的制备以及单体的结构化修饰成为本研究阶段显著的时代特点。同时分析有毒中药抑瘤基础研究中尚待解决的问题,以期为新药的研制与开发提供新思路。
五子衍宗丸补肾涩精有效部位的谱效关系

目的研究五子衍宗丸(枸杞子、菟丝子、覆盆子等)补肾涩精有效部位的谱效关系。方法石油醚、乙酸乙酯、水饱和正丁醇、水依次提取药液浸膏后,考察各提取物对雷公藤多苷致肾精亏虚证大鼠FSH、T、NO水平的影响以筛选有效部位。建立10批样品HPLC指纹图谱,通过灰色关联度考察其与补肾涩精药效的关系。结果与模型组比较,水饱和正丁醇提取物组NO、T水平升高(P<0.05),FSH水平降低(P<0.05),故以其为有效部位。该部位所含成分对补肾涩精作用贡献度最大的为7号峰(绿原酸),其次为14号峰(槲皮素)、16号峰、13号峰。结论五子衍宗丸补肾涩精药效成分主要集中在水饱和正丁醇部位(即大极性成分),可为进一步研究其物质基础提供参考。
仙曲片粉体学性质考察及处方设计

目的考察仙曲片粉体学性质,并进行处方设计。方法在质量源于设计(QbD)理念的基础上,确定颗粒流动性、可压性作为关键质量属性,原料吸湿性、流动性、压缩成型性及颗粒含水量作为关键物料属性,进行合理的处方设计。结果原料易吸湿,流动性差,可压性良好,故处方设计时将片剂中原料含有量提高至90%。湿法制粒后,颗粒成型率高,粒度分布均匀,流动性、压缩成型性良好,吸湿率显著降低。结论将QbD理念应用到仙曲片粉体学性质考察中时,可在确定原料物理特性的同时为处方设计提供参考,而且辅料用量减少,处方重复性良好。
案例情景模拟法对康复治疗专业教学效果的影响

康复治疗是康复医学的重要组成部分。在康复治疗专业学生的教育中,康复实践技能的学习至关重要,直接关系到学生的就业和学生是否能得到社会的认可。然而,在康复治疗专业的临床见习课中,学生只能观察带教老师在患者旁边进行问诊查体及病情讲解,缺乏与患者充分的互动式交流机会。另外,由于康复治疗的周期较长,而学生的临床见习课时较少,不利于教师在见习课中将患者不同时期的治疗方案都一一呈现。这些影响因素会导致在学校的综合技能考核中成绩不理想。我校根据2013级康复治疗专业学生在学习过程中表现出的问题,在2014级学生的《临床康复学》课程教学中增加了案例情景模拟教学部分,通过对两个年级学生的理论成绩、实践操作能力,以及后期开始临床实习时带教老师临床综合能力评分的分析,探讨案例情景模拟教学法对促进康复治疗专业本科教学效果的作用。
Newly Discovered Scheelite in Quartz Vein-type Gold Deposits, Xiaoqinling Gold District, and its Geological Significance

The Xiaoqinling district is the second largest goldbearing province in China after the Jiaodong region located in the eastern North China Craton. At present, seven large, 20 medium-sized and 28 small gold deposits have been discovered, and more than 1200 gold-bearing quartz veins have been identified within the metamorphic rocks of the Taihua Group. The total gold reserves are over 800 tons. Our research comprises a systematic study of the Yangzhaiyu, Jinqu and Dahu quartz vein-type gold deposits in the Xiaoqinling district. By detailed hand specimen and microscopic observations, and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis of the Yangzhaiyu, Jinqu and Dahu gold deposits, we found that three deposits contain certain amounts of scheelite (CaWO_4) (Fig. 1), accompanied by tungsten mineralization (Appendix 1). In this paper, we report on the newly discovered scheelite in these gold deposits, and its mineragraphic and geochemical characteristics are shown to shed light on the geological significance of the formation of scheelite in the Xiaoqinling gold district.
Transgressive Events since the Late Pleistocene in the Yellow River Delta: Grain-size Distribution and Palynological Results

This study deals with the relationship between sea-level changes and paleoclimatic fluctuations based on the analysis of stratigraphy, grain sizes, palynology, and radiometric dating of the Yellow River delta since the Late Pleistocene. Evidence from the sedimentary record, grain sizes, and pollen provides a paleoenvironmental history of the Late Pleistocene from the boreholes of the delta. Based on a combination of grain-size analysis with lithological studies, marine deposit units contain the intervals of 13.85–16.9, 18.5–19.69, 27.9–34.8, 36.4–37.2, 48.4–51.6, and 54.1–55.9 m, and transitional facies units contain the intervals of 10.25–13.85, 16.9–18.5, 19.69–27.9, 34.8–36.4, 37.2–48.4, 51.6–54.1, and 55.9–60 m, compared with fluvial (terrestrial facies) deposit units (3.36–10.25 m). Based on pollen analysis and pollen assemblages, there were three warm-wet periods from 9.1–0.16 ka BP, 16.1–60 ka BP, and 90.1–94.6 ka BP From the top to the bottom of the borehole, the paleoclimate has an evident fluctuation: warm and moist (Holocene Optimum) —cool and dry (Younger Dryas Event)—mild semi cool—cool and dry—warm and moist. There were three warm-wet periods from 9.1–0.16 ka BP, 16.1–60 ka BP, and 90.1–94.6 ka BP, corresponding to the Holocene Optimum stage, MIS 3, and MIS 5, respectively. The warm period allowed monsoonal evergreen and broadleaved deciduous forests that corresponded to Holocene hypsithermal climatic conditions and the Late Pleistocene climatic Optimum. Three warm-wet periods occurred in marine deposit units from 9.1–0.16 ka BP, 60.1–16.1 ka BP, and 94.6–90.1 ka BP. These periods correspond to the Cangzhou transgression, Xianxian transgression, and Huanghua transgression, respectively. From 90.1–60.1 ka BP, 17.5– 9.1 ka BP, and 0.16 ka BP–1855 AD, three dry and cold phases are recognized. The phases indicate the fluvial (flood plain) sedimentary environment, corresponding to cooler and mild dry periods based on palynological results and grain-size distribution.
Silurian Sedimentation in the South Qilian Belt: Arc- Continent Collision-related Deposition in the NE Tibet Plateau?

The South Qilian belt mainly comprises an early Paleozoic arc-ophiolite complex, accretionary prism, microcontinental block, and foreland basin. These elements represent accretion-collision during Cambrian to Silurian time in response to closure of the Proto-Tethyan Ocean in the NE of the present-day Tibet Plateau. Closure of the Proto-Tethyan Ocean between the Central Qilian block and the Oulongbuluke block and the associated collision took place from NE to SW in a zipper-like style. Sediment would have been dispersed longitudinally SW-ward with a progressive facies migration from marginal alluvial sediments toward slope deep-water and deep-sea turbidites. This migration path indicates an ocean basin that shrank toward the SW. The Balonggongga’er Formation in the western South Qilian belt represents the fill of a latest Ordovician-Silurian remnant ocean basin that separated the Oulongbuluke block from the Central Qilian block, and records Silurian closure of the Proto-Tethyan Ocean and subduction beneath the Central Qilian block. However, alluvial deposits in the Lajishan area were accumulated in a retro-foreland basin, indicating that continent-continent collision in the eastern South Qilian belt occurred at c. 450–440 Ma. These results demonstrate that the Proto-Tethyan Ocean closed diachronously during early Paleozoic time.
An Early Paleozoic Tectonic Melange at the Western Margin of West Cathaysia: Constraints from Organic-walled Microfossils

The Jiangshan-Shaoxing-Pingxiang Fault (JSP Fault) is traditionally considered as the boundary between the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks in South China. Whether the previously defined Shenshan and Kuli formations located along the JSP fault and near the Xinyu City, Jiangxi Province, are continuous strata or parts of a tectonic melange is important for understanding the geological history of South China. A carbonaceous phyllite from the area, previously considered as part of the Neoproterozoic Shenshan and Kuli formations, is analyzed palynologically in this study. The Asteridium- Comasphaeridium acritarch assemblage found in the slate can be correlated with the basal Cambrian Asteridium- Heliosphaeridium-Comasphaeridium (AHC) acritarch assemblage in Tarim and the Yangtze Block. The early Cambrian biostratigraphical age assignment for the carbonaceous phyllite indicates the presence of both Neoproterozoic and Cambrian rocks in the sedimentary package, and supports that the package is a part of tectonic melange rather than a continuous Neoproterozoic strata. The Cambrian slate is the youngest known lithology in the melange at present.
Subduction and Collision of the Jinsha River Paleo-Tethys: Constraints from Zircon U-Pb Dating and Geochemistry of the Ludian Batholith in the Jiangda–Deqen–Weixi Continental Margin Arc

The Jiangda–Deqen–Weixi continental margin arc (DWCA) developed along the base of the Changdu–Simao Block and was formed as a result of the subduction of the Jinsha River Ocean Slab and the subsequent collision. The Ludian batholith is located in the southern part of the DWCA and is the largest batholith in northwest Yunnan. Granite samples from the Ludian batholith yield an early Middle Permian age of 271.0 ± 2.8 Ma. The geochemical data of the early Middle Permian granitoids show high Si2O, low P_2O_5 and MgO contents that belong to calc-alkaline series and peraluminous I-type rocks. Their ε_(Hf)(t) values range from –5.01 to+0.58, indicating that they were formed by hybrid magmas related to the subduction of the Jinsha River Tethys Ocean. The monzonite and monzogranite samples yield Late Permian ages of 250.6 ± 1.8 Ma and 252.1 ± 1.3 Ma, respectively. The Late Permian granitoids are high-K calc alkaline and shoshonite series metaluminous I-type rocks. Their ε_(Hf)(t) values range from –4.12 to –1.68 and from –7.88 to –6.64, respectively. The mixing of crustal and mantle melts formed the parental magma of the Late Permian granitoids. This study, combined with previous work, demonstrates the process from subduction to collision of the Jinsha River Paleo-Tethys Ocean.
绿色防控助力生态农业高质量发展

粮食是人类赖以生存和发展的基础,农药是保障粮食安全最有效的手段。近期新冠肺炎在全球蔓延,引发了各方对世界粮食问题的担忧和高度关注。而草地贪夜蛾等恶性入侵生物的冲击、病虫害抗性的持续上升、农药减量以及保障环境生态安全,更使我国农业生产面临着巨大压力。因此,发展环境友好、资源节约、生态稳定的有害生物绿色防控技术是国际农业科技竞争的必争高地,对应着以下四个方面的前沿科学问题。
新型冠状病毒肺炎临床治疗及间充质干细胞治疗的进展

目前,新型冠状病毒肺炎的主要治疗手段虽然仍是传统的抗病毒、抗炎、对症和支持治疗等,但是多种针对机体过度炎症反应的免疫治疗研究也都在积极进行中。其中间充质干细胞作为重要的免疫调节效应细胞,有助于减轻肺脏炎症,促进肺组织修复,有望在新型冠状病毒肺炎救治中发挥重要作用。
西藏南木林盆地发现早侏罗世火山作用——来自锆石U-Pb年龄的证据

拉萨地体南缘的晚三叠世至早侏罗世岩浆作用与特提斯洋的演化息息相关,新特提斯洋的开启和俯冲时间,是青藏高原新生代以前地质演化的重要问题。以往多认为新特提斯洋北向俯冲的最早地质记录是位于高原南部的桑日群,最新年代学研究表明其时代为早侏罗世,但是以叶巴组和桑日群比马组为代表的火山岩仅分布在拉萨及其以东的地区;拉萨以西的地区同时期岩浆岩以侵入岩为主,鲜有同时期火山岩的相关报道。本次工作在拉萨地体南缘中部南木林盆地识别出一套早侏罗世时期的安山岩,为新特提斯洋的早期演化研究提供了新的依据。
雪峰山科学钻先导孔发现承压热水层和优质烃源岩

雪峰山位于扬子克拉通的南缘,经历过多期构造叠加与改造。SinoProbe项目的深反射地震探测结果显示,雪峰山地区具有特殊的地壳结构,可能存在隐伏的古老造山带。同时,雪峰山地区也是寻找页岩气和地热资源的有利地区。为探索雪峰山地壳结构特征(为科学深钻提供依据),评价深部资源和能源潜力,本项目组在地表地质调查和反射地震探测的基础上,部署实施了雪峰山先导孔钻探。
镍催化的丙二腈类化合物的去对称化构建含氰基取代全碳季碳手性中心的环状烯基酮

氰基是一类重要的药效基团,其生物兼容性和新陈代谢稳定性,有利于药物分子与受体间的极性、氢键等相互作用,同时能够改善分子的毒理学性能,在药学研究中具有重要应用价值.氰基取代的全碳季碳手性中心在天然产物和生物活性分子中广泛存在,该类结构单元能够有效防止氰基α-碳的氧化,进而避免有毒氰化物的释放.此外,氰基是有机合成中最为重要的官能团之一,能够方便地转化为羧酸、醛、胺等多种基团.因此,发展不对称催化的方法,高立体选择地构建含氰基取代的全碳季碳手性中心具有重要意义.
Twinned substructure in lath martensite of water quenched Fe-0.2%C and Fe-0.8%C steels

In the present investigation, twinned substructures within lath martensite of two water quenched steels(0.2 wt.%C and 0.8 wt.%C)were studied.The lath martensite has typical hierarchical packet-block-lath with dislocation substructure.Besides, laths that are misoriented by <011>/70.5° or <111>/60° and bordered by {011} plane, namely twinned laths, are observed, of which the density increases and the scale decreases as more carbons were presented.Such twinned laths have body centered cubic(bcc)crystal structure, belonging to twinned variants following the classical Kurdjumov-Sachs(K-S)orientation relationship with respect to the parent austenite.Unlike bcc {112}<111>twins, twinned variants produce strong double diffraction and in turn the extra diffraction spots that are commonly observed in the martensite in steels with wide range of carbon contents.
Kinetic transitions and Mn partitioning during austenite growth from a mixture of partitioned cementite and ferrite:Role of heating rate

Austenite formation from a ferrite-cementite mixture is a crucial step during the processing of advanced high strength steels(AHSS).The ferrite-cementite mixture is usually inhomogeneous in both structure and composition, which makes the mechanism of austenite formation very complex.In this contribution,austenite formation upon continuous heating from a designed spheroidized cementite structure in a model Fe-C-Mn alloy was investigated with an emphasis on the role of heating rate in kinetic transitions and element partitioning during austenite formation.Based on partition/non-partition local equilibrium(PLE/NPLE)assumption, austenite growth was found alternately contribute by PLE, NPLE and PLE controlled interfaces migration during slow-heating, while NPLE mode predominately controlled the austenitization by a synchronous dissolution of ferrite and cementite upon fast-heating.It was both experimentally and theoretically found that there is a long-distance diffusion of Mn within austenite of the slow-heated sample, while a sharpMngradient was retained within austenite of the fast-heated sample.Such a strong heterogeneous distribution of Mn within austenite cause a large difference in driving force for ferrite or martensite formation during subsequent cooling process, which could lead to various final microstructures.The current study indicates that fast-heating could lead to unique microstructures which could hardly be obtained via the conventional annealing process.
Primary cilia mediate Klf2-dependant Notch activation in regenerating heart

Unlike adult mammalian heart, zebrafish heart has a remarkable capacity to regenerate after injury. Previous study has shown Notch signaling activation in the endocardium is essential for regeneration of the myocardium and this activation is mediated by hemodynamic alteration after injury,however, the molecular mechanism has not been fully explored. In this study we demonstrated that blood flow change could be perceived and transmitted in a primary cilia dependent manner to control the hemodynamic responsive klf2 gene expression and subsequent activation of Notch signaling in the endocardium. First we showed that both homologues of human gene KLF2 in zebrafish,klf2a and klf2b, could respond to hemodynamic alteration and both were required for Notch signaling activation and heart regeneration. Further experiments indicated that the upregulation of klf2 gene expression was mediated by endocardial primary cilia. Overall, our findings reveal a novel aspect of mechanical shear stress signal in activating Notch pathway and regulating cardiac regeneration.
浙江省海盐地区耐碳青霉烯类肠杆菌科细菌的耐药性分析

肠杆菌科细菌是引起医院和社区呼吸道、泌尿道、腹腔以及血流感染的主要病原菌,碳青霉素类抗生素作为治疗多重耐药肠杆菌科细菌重度感染的“最后一道防线”,在临床上发挥着非常重要的作用。近几年来,耐碳青霉烯类肠杆菌科细菌(carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae,CRE)的出现以及其在全球的快速蔓延,对临床抗感染治疗造成了极大的威胁。故本研究对海盐地区临床分离的CRE耐药基因及耐药性进行分析,现报道如下。