mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Analyzing Asymmetric City Connectivity by Toponym on Social Media in China

The connectedness between cities has become one of the most widely discussed topics in urban and regional research in the mobile and big data era.One problem identified is the asymmetric city connectivity,partially due to data availability.We present a data-driven approach based on location and toponym (place name) extracted from social media data,to assess the asymmetric connectivity between cities.The assumption is that a higher frequency of occurrences of the name of city i in posts located in city j would imply that the city i is more influential than other cities upon city j.In addition,we've developed a group of measurements such as the relatedness index,impact index,link strength index,dependence index,and structure similar index to characterize such interactions.This framework of connectivity measurements can also be used to support smart planning taking into account the evolving interplay among cities.The space-time structure of urban systems in China is examined as the case study.
Improvement of Soil Moisture Simulation in Eurasia by the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model from CMIP5 to CMIP6

This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of historical surface soil moisture simulation(1979-2012)over Eurasia at annual and seasonal time scales between two medium-resolution versions of the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model(BCC-CSM)-one that is currently participating in phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6),i.e.,BCC-CSM2-MR,and the other,BCC-CSM1.1m,which participated in CMIP5.We show that BCC-CSM2-MR is more skillful in reproducing the climate mean states and standard deviations of soil moisture,with pattern correlations increased and biases reduced significantly.BCC-CSM2-MR performs better in capturing the first two primary patterns of soil moisture anomalies,where the period of the corresponding time series is closer to that of reference data.Comparisons show that BCC-CSM2-MR performs at a high level among multiple models of CMIP6 in terms of centered pattern correlation and “amplitude of variation”(relative standard deviation).In general,the centered pattern correlation of BCC-CSM2-MR,ranging from 0.61 to 0.87,is higher than the multi-model mean of CMIP6,and the relative standard deviation is 0.75,which surmounts the overestimations in most of the CMIP6 models.Due to the vital role played by precipitation in land-atmosphere interaction,possible causes of the improvement of soil moisture simulation are further related to precipitation in BCC-CSM2-MR.The results indicate that a better description of the relationship between soil moisture and precipitation and a better reproduction of the climate mean precipitation by the model may result in the improved performance of soil moisture simulation.
Increases in Anthropogenic Heat Release from Energy Consumption Lead to More Frequent Extreme Heat Events in Urban Cities

With economic development and rapid urbanization, increases in Gross Domestic Product and population in fastgrowing cities since the turn of the 21st Century have led to increases in energy consumption. Anthropogenic heat flux released to the near-surface atmosphere has led to changes in urban thermal environments and severe extreme temperature events. To investigate the effects of energy consumption on urban extreme temperature events, including extreme heat and cold events, a dynamic representation scheme of anthropogenic heat release (AHR) was implemented in the Advanced Research version of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, and AHR data were developed based on energy consumption and population density in a case study of Beijing, China. Two simulations during 1999-2017 were then conducted using the developed WRF model with 3-km resolution with and without the AHR scheme. It was shown that the mean temperature increased with the increase in AHR, and more frequent extreme heat events were produced, with an annual increase of 0.02-0.19 days, as well as less frequent extreme cold events, with an annual decrease of 0.26-0.56 days, based on seven extreme temperature indices in the city center. AHR increased the sensible heat flux and led to surface energy budget changes, strengthening the dynamic processes in the atmospheric boundary layer that reduce AHR heating efficiency more in summer than in winter. In addition, it was concluded that suitable energy management might help to mitigate the impact of extreme temperature events in different seasons.
The CMIP6 Historical Simulation Datasets Produced by the Climate System Model CAMS-CSM

This paper describes the historical simulations produced by the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences(CAMS)climate system model(CAMS-CSM),which are contributing to phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6).The model description,experiment design and model outputs are presented.Three members' historical experiments are conducted by CAMS-CSM,with two members starting from different initial conditions,and one excluding the stratospheric aerosol to identify the effect of volcanic eruptions.The outputs of the historical experiments are also validated using observational data.It is found that the model can reproduce the climatological mean states and seasonal cycle of the major climate system quantities,including the surface air temperature,precipitation,and the equatorial thermocline.The long-term trend of air temperature and precipitation is also reasonably captured by CAMS-CSM.There are still some biases in the model that need further improvement.This paper can help the users to better understand the performance and the datasets of CAMS-CSM.
Variations in Wave Energy and Amplitudes along the Energy Dispersion Paths of Nonstationary Barotropic Rossby Waves

The variations in the wave energy and the amplitude along the energy dispersion paths of the barotropic Rossby waves in zonally symmetric basic flow are studied by solving the wave energy equation, which expresses that the wave energy variability is determined by the divergence of the group velocity and the energy budget from the basic flow. The results suggest that both the wave energy and the amplitude of a leading wave increase significantly in the propagating region that is located south of the jet axis and enclosed by a southern critical line and a northern turning latitude. The leading wave gains the barotropic energy from the basic flow by eddy activities. The amplitude continuously climbs up a peak at the turning latitude due to increasing wave energy and enlarging horizontal scale (shrinking total wavenumber). Both the wave energy and the amplitude eventually decrease when the trailing wave continuously approaches southward to the critical line. The trailing wave decays and its energy is continuously absorbed by the basic flow. Furthermore, both the wave energy and the amplitude oscillate with a limited range in the propagating region that is located near the jet axis and enclosed by two turning latitudes. Both the leading and trailing waves neither develop nor decay significantly. The jet works as a waveguide to allow the waves to propagate a long distance.
Influence of the Eastern Pacific and Central Pacific Types of ENSO on the South Asian Summer Monsoon

Based on observational and reanalysis data, the relationships between the eastern Pacific (EP) and central Pacific (CP) types of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) during the developing summer and the South Asian summer monsoon (SASM) are examined. The roles of these two types of ENSO on the SASM experienced notable multidecadal modulation in the late 1970s. While the inverse relationship between the EP type of ENSO and the SASM has weakened dramatically, the CP type of ENSO plays a far more prominent role in producing anomalous Indian monsoon rainfall after the late 1970s. The drought-producing El Nino warming of both the EP and CP types can excite anomalous rising motion of the Walker circulation concentrated in the equatorial central Pacific around 160°W to the date line. Accordingly, compensatory subsidence anomalies are evident from the Maritime Continent to the Indian subcontinent, leading to suppressed convection and decreased precipitation over these regions. Moreover, anomalously less moisture flux into South Asia associated with developing EP El Nino and significant northwesterly anomalies dominating over southern India accompanied by developing CP El Nino, may also have been responsible for the Indian monsoon droughts during the pre-1979 and post- 1979 sub-periods, respectively. El Nino events with the same “flavor ” may not necessarily produce consistent Indian monsoon rainfall anomalies, while similar Indian monsoon droughts may be induced by different types of El Nino, implying high sensitivity of monsoonal precipitation to the detailed configuration of ENSO forcing imposed on the tropical Pacific.
Future Changes in Extreme High Temperature over China at 1.5°C-5°C Global Warming Based on CMIP6 Simulations

Extreme high temperature(EHT)events are among the most impact-related consequences related to climate change,especially for China,a nation with a large population that is vulnerable to the climate warming.Based on the latest Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6),this study assesses future EHT changes across China at five specific global warming thresholds(1.5°C-5°C).The results indicate that global mean temperature will increase by 1.5°C/2°C before 2030/2050 relative to pre-industrial levels(1861-1900)under three future scenarios(SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5,and SSP5-8.5),and warming will occur faster under SSP5-8.5 compared to SSP1-2.6 and SSP2-4.5.Under SSP5-8.5,global warming will eventually exceed 5°C by 2100,while under SSP1-2.6,it will stabilize around 2°C after 2050.In China,most of the areas where warming exceeds global average levels will be located in Tibet and northern China(Northwest China,North China and Northeast China),covering 50%-70% of the country.Furthermore,about 0.19-0.44 billion people(accounting for 16%-41% of the national population)will experience warming above the global average.Compared to present-day(1995-2014),the warmest day(TXx)will increase most notably in northern China,while the number of warm days(TX90p)and warm spell duration indicator(WSDI)will increase most profoundly in southern China.For example,relative to the present-day,TXx will increase by 1°C-5°C in northern China,and TX90p(WSDI)will increase by 25-150(10-80)days in southern China at 1.5°C-5°C global warming.Compared to 2°C-5°C,limiting global warming to 1.5°C will help avoid about 36%-87% of the EHT increases in China.
Enhanced CO_2 Electrolysis with Metal-oxide Interface Structures

The ever-decreasing fossil fuels and the increasing greenhouse effect have caused substantial concern.Solid oxide electrolyser cell (SOEC) with La_(0.75)Sr_(0.25)Cr_(0.5)Mn_(0.5)O_(3-δ) (LSCM) as a cathode was used for CO_2 electrolysis to CO.In this work,the metal-oxide interface was constructed on the LSCM framework by in-situ exsolution and impregnation,and the uniform distribution of metal nanoparticles on the LSCM framework was confirmed by spectroscopy techniques and electron microscopy techniques.The existence of three-phase boundary promoted the absorption and electrolysis of CO_2.(La_(0.75)Sr_(0.25))_(0.9)(Cr_(0.5)Mn_(0.5))_(0.9)(Ni_(0.5)Cu_(0.5))_(0.1)O_(3-δ) (LSCMNC) showed the best electrolytic CO_2 performance at 850 ℃ and exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity after 100 hours of long-term testing and 8 redox cycles.
The influence of various additives on coagulation process at different dosing point: From a perspective of structure properties

Structure properties of flocs (size, fractal dimension (D f), etc.) have a high impact on coagulation efficiency. In this work, the influences of three different additives (ferric salt (Fe), phosphate (P), and citric acid (CA)) on coagulation process/efficiency were investigated. Results showed that a small amount of extra Fe can facilitate the growth of Al flocs by providing more ‘active sites’. Although zeta potential and D f showed a limited change, the average floc size increased apparently and the increment was more obvious when Fe was added after the formation of the flocs. In contrast, P addition during the rapid mixing period will decrease the final average floc size, while the influence is less significant when P was added after the growth of the flocs. In terms of CA, a more striking negative effect on the growth ability of the flocs was observed compared to P. The strong complexing/coordination interactions between CA and aluminum hydroxide is the main reason behind the influence. CA also significantly decreased the D f value of the flocs compared to P, and D f showed a comparatively higher decrease when P or CA was added during the rapid mixing stage compared to the addition after the flocs formation. These results indicated that the addition of CA or P during the rapid mixing stage ‘inactivated’ or occupied more ‘active sites’ on the preliminarily formed Al NPs during the hydrolysis process, and therefore presented stronger impact on the morphology/size of the formed flocs.
Effects of alkalinity on interaction between EPS and hydroxy-aluminum with different speciation in wastewater sludge conditioning with aluminum based inorganic polymer flocculant

Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) form a stable gel-like structure to combine with water molecules through steric hindrance, making the mechanical dewatering of wastewater sludge considerably difficult. Coagulation/flocculation has been widely applied in improving the sludge dewatering performance, while sludge properties (organic fraction and solution chemistry conditions) are highly changeable and have important effects on sludge flocculation process. In this work, the alkalinity effects on sludge conditioning with hydroxy-aluminum were comprehensively investigated, and the interaction mechanisms between EPS and hydroxy-aluminum with different speciation were unraveled. The results showed that the effectiveness of hydroxy-aluminum conditioning gradually deteriorated with increase in alkalinity. Meanwhile, the polymeric hydroxy-aluminum (Al 13) and highly polymerized hydroxy-aluminum (Al 30) were hydrolysed and converted into amorphous aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)_3), which changed the flocculation mechanism from charge neutralization and complexing adsorption to hydrogen bond interaction. Additionally, both Al 13 and Al 30 showed higher binding capacity for proteins and polysaccharides in EPS than monomeric aluminum and Al(OH)_3 . Al 13 and Al 30 coagulation changed the secondary structure of proteins in EPS, which caused a gelation reaction to increase molecular hydrophobicity of proteins and consequently sludge dewaterability. This study provided a guidance for optimizing the hydroxy-aluminum flocculation conditioning of sludge with high solution alkalinity.
In situ preparation of visible-light-driven carbon quantum dots/NaBiO_3 hybrid materials for the photoreduction of Cr(VI)

In this study, different carbon quantum dots (CQDs)/NaBiO_3 hybrid materials were synthesized as photocatalysts to effectively utilize visible light for the photocatalytic degradation of contaminants effectively. These hybrid materials exhibit an enhanced photocatalytic reduction of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) in the aqueous medium. Zero-dimensional nanoparticles of CQDs were embedded within the two-dimensional NaBiO_3 nanosheets by the hydrothermal process. Compared with that of the pure NaBiO_3 nanosheets, the photocatalytic performance of the hybrid catalysts was significantly high and 6 wt.% CQDs/NaBiO_3 catalyst exhibited better photocatalytic performance. We performed the first-principles density functional theory calculations to study the interfacial properties of pure NaBiO_3 nanosheets and hybrid photocatalysts, and confirmed the CQDs played an important role in the CQDs/NaBiO_3 composites. The experimental results indicated that the enhanced reduction of Cr(VI) was probably due to the high loading of CQDs (electron acceptor) on NaBiO_3, which made NaBiO_3 nanomaterials to respond in visible light and significantly improved their electron-hole separation efficiency.
Multiallelic and multilocus simple sequence repeats(SSRs)to assess the genetic diversity of a Salix spp. germplasm collection

Salix L.(willow)is the largest genus of the family Salicaceae and plays an important role in riparian habitats, wetlands and in shrub tundra. Due to the different implications for the species belonging to this family, it is fundamental to identify molecular tools characterizing relevant clones. A set of six multilocus and multiallelic simple sequence repeat(SSRs)markers are presented, leading to 390 polymorphic fragments considered as single dominant markers and able to discriminate successfully 92 S. alba L. from 24 Salix spp. The polymorphic fragments have been used to perform genetic diversity studies, and to investigate population structures and cluster analysis in a germplasm collection. The results highlight the capability of the six SSRs to be powerful genetic resources in applied forestry research, both to distinguish S. alba clones from Salix spp. and to perform genetic population studies for breeding programs.
Clonal variations in cone, seed and nut traits in a Pinus koraiensis seed orchard in Northeast China

Korean pine(Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc.)in Northeastern China has been genetically improved to increase seed yields in addition to timber. To assess seed yield variability and select highly productive clones, 14 cone, seed and nut traits were measured and analyzed. Variance analysis showed that all clones were significantly different in various traits(P <0.01). Phenotypic coefficients of variation and repeatability of traits ranged from 9.1 to 34.4% and from 27.5 to 97.7%, respectively. Except for the cone layer and cone seed numbers, the other traits were positively or negatively correlated. Three principal components were identified. Seed and nut traits were the most important traits in the first principal component, and cone traits more important in the second. Using correlation and principal component analyses, cone number and other traits were selected to evaluate materials. Twenty-two clones were selected using a selection rate of 10% based on cone number independently or other combined traits. The genetic gain for different traits ranged from 6.2 to 24.3%. The selected elite clones can supply seedlings for reforestation and the selection method can provide a theoretical basis for selection in other conifer species.
当归油对高血压大鼠肠道菌群多样性影响的16S rDNA技术分析

目的基于16S rDNA技术研究当归油对高血压模型大鼠肠道菌群多样性的影响,并探讨该中药治疗高血压可能的机制。方法将SHR大鼠随机分为5组(n = 6),即模型对照组、当归油低、中、高剂量组和缬沙坦组,并将同周龄的Wistar大鼠作为正常对照组(n = 6)。模型组及正常对照组等量0.9%氯化钠溶液灌胃,其它实验组给予相应药物,实验结束后提取大鼠肠道微生物总DNA,进行16S rDNA V4区测序。结果无论是西药缬沙坦还是中药当归油对高血压大鼠的肠道菌群总体的丰富度和多样性均无明显影响。在门水平,当归挥发油高剂量组变形菌门的丰度与模型组相比显著降低(P < 0.05);当归挥发油中剂量组脱铁杆菌门的丰度与模型组相比极显著降低(P < 0.01)。在纲水平,当归挥发油中剂量组脱铁杆菌纲的丰度与模型组相比极显著降低(P < 0.01);当归挥发油高剂量组变形菌的丰度与模型组相比显著降低(P < 0.05)。结论当归挥发油可能通过影响变形菌丰度、肠道菌群功能和肠道菌群代谢组来起到一定的降压作用。
肠道菌群与竞技运动表现相关研究进展

动物和人体实验研究结果均显示宿主竞技运动表现与肠道菌群相关,但研究仅仅是提示肠道菌群对宿主竞技运动表现影响的效果,肠道菌群影响宿主运动表现的机制研究不足。肠道菌群影响竞技运动表现的可能机制:通过调节宿主能量代谢、免疫反应、氧化还原稳态、肠道黏膜屏障和脑-肠轴等影响宿主竞技运动表现。关于各竞技运动项目肠道菌群特征及其对宿主运动表现的影响、机制等研究的成果将为基于肠道菌群的运动员个性化营养、运动员机能监控与评定等提供科学依据。
Preface to the Special Issue on Loess Landslides

“Mountains that moved in the night; landslides that eddied like waterfalls,crevasses that swallowed houses and camel trains,and villages that were swept away under a rising sea of loose earth,were a few of the subsidiary occurrences that made the earthquake in Kansu (Gansu )one of the most appalling catastrophes in history.”“The area of destruction,100 by 300 miles in extent,contains ten large cities,besides numerous villages. It is the heart of the so-called loess country,where the soil is a mixture of clay and powered quartz. A narrower region was comprised in the landslides district,where the loose earth cascaded down the valleys and buried every object in its path.”These are description fragments of loess landslides induced by the Haiyuan M8½ earthquake on December 16,1920 by Upton Close and Elsie McCormick in the paper entitled “Where the mountains walked”published in The National Geographic Magazine (Close U. et al.,1922). This huge earthquake killed about 270 000 people. The above-mentioned loess country is called the Loess Plateau in geography. Because the epicenter is located in Haiyuan County which was affiliated to Gansu Province in 1920,the earthquake was also called Kansu earthquake in published English papers. Mr. Upton Close visited the macroepicenter area in February,1921 under the auspices of the International Famine Relief Committee,and brought back one of the first accounts of the devastated area which is very valuable for later field investigations and research on earthquake-triggered loess landslides.
粟灰螟几丁质保守结构域内含蛋白1基因的克隆及表达分析

栗灰螟Chilo infuscatellus属鳞翅目螟蛾科,也称二点螟,主要为害我国南方的甘蔗以及北方的谷子等作物。几丁质是昆虫外表皮、围食膜等组织的重要组成部分,几丁质及对应的几丁质酶通过准确调控旧表皮蜕去、新表皮合成维持着昆虫各发育阶段的代谢平衡(Zhang et al.,2016)。通过干扰、破坏几丁质酶的合成从而影响昆虫的几丁质代谢是现代化学农药靶标的研究热点。根据Wang et al.(2019)的转录组测序结果发现栗灰螟体内含有一类新型几丁质酶——几丁质保守结构域内含蛋白1(chitinase domain containing 1,Chid1)基因。本研究通过PCR技术扩增栗灰螟Chid1基因(CiChid1)的全长序列,并对该基因进行生物信息学分析和表达模式检测,以期揭示Chid1的功能并未利用几丁质酶基因作为害虫防治的新型靶标提供依据。
Chediak-Higashi综合征合并细胞毒性T细胞淋巴瘤一例

讨论:CHS是一种罕见的常染色体隐性遗传病,主要是由CHS1/LYST基因突变所致,临床上需与白化病相鉴别。CHS是白化病相关综合征的一种,除存在眼、皮肤及毛发的白化,亦存在核周围溶酶体肿大、进行性神经系统损害、出血倾向、NK细胞和细胞毒性T细胞缺乏等。EB病毒感染可加速CHS疾病进程,造血干细胞移植是目前唯一治愈CHS的手段。临床上CHS合并T细胞淋巴瘤少见,该患儿存在LYST基因杂合突变c.3310C>T(p.Arg1104Ter),经过3年稳定期,EB病毒感染后进展为以噬血现象为首发表现的T细胞淋巴瘤,患儿目前无神经系统异常表现,需长期随访观察。
Delineating a locus conferring Fusarium crown rot resistance on chromosome arm 1HL in barley by developing and analysing a large population derived from near isogenic lines

Fusarium crown rot (FCR), a chronic and severe disease caused by various Fusarium species,is prevalent in semi-arid cropping regions worldwide.One of the major QTL conferring FCR resistance was detected on chromosome arm 1HL (Qcrs.cpi-1H)in barley.To develop markers that can be reliably used to incorporate the resistance locus into breeding programs, we developed and assessed a near-isogenic line-derived population consisting of 1180 recombinant inbred lines targeting the locus.Using this population, we delineated Qcrs.cpi-1H into an interval of 0.4 cM covering a physical length of about 487 kb.Six markers co-segregating with this locus were generated.Co-linearity for genes located in this interval between the genome of barley and those of either rice or Brachypodium distachyon is poor.Three genes with non-synonymous variations between the resistant and susceptible lines were identified within the interval.The results reported in this study not only provide markers for integrating Qcrs.cpi-1H into breeding programs, but also form a solid foundation for cloning the causal gene(s)underlying this locus.