mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
A case-based method of selecting covariates for digital soil mapping

Selecting a proper set of covariates is one of the most important factors that influence the accuracy of digital soil mapping (DSM).The statistical or machine learning methods for selecting DSM covariates are not available for those situations with limited samples.To solve the problem,this paper proposed a case-based method which could formalize the covariate selection knowledge contained in practical DSM applications.The proposed method trained Random Forest (RF) classifiers with DSM cases extracted from the practical DSM applications and then used the trained classifiers to determine whether each one potential covariate should be used in a new DSM application.In this study,we took topographic covariates as examples of covariates and extracted 191 DSM cases from 56 peer-reviewed journal articles to evaluate the performance of the proposed case-based method by Leave-One-Out cross validation.Compared with a novices' commonly-used way of selecting DSM covariates,the proposed case-based method improved more than 30% accuracy according to three quantitative evaluation indices (i.e.,recall,precision,and F1-score).The proposed method could be also applied to selecting the proper set of covariates for other similar geographical modeling domains,such as landslide susceptibility mapping,and species distribution modeling.
Kinetics of selenium absorption in ligated small intestinal loops of chicks

Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element that has a large number of biological functions for broilers.However,the absorption kinetics of Se from sodium selenite in the small intestine of broilers remains unclear.Therefore,two experiments were conducted with 28-d-old commercial male broilers to study the kinetics of Se absorption in ligated small intestinal segments.In experiment 1,the Se absorption in duodenal,jejunal,and ileal segments at different post-perfusion time points (0,20,40,60,80,100 and 120 min) were compared.In experiment 2,a kinetic study of Se absorption was conducted with the duodenal,jejunal,and ileal loops perfused with solutions containing 0,0.0375,0.075,0.15,0.30,or 0.60 μg mL~(–1) of Se as sodium selenite,and Se contents in perfusates were determined at 100 min after perfusion.The results from experiment 1 showed that the Se absorption increased in an asymptotic response (P<0.0001) to post-perfusion time within 120 min in all the small intestinal segments,but increased linearly (P<0.0001) at less than 100 min after perfusion in duodenal and ileal segments,while more than 96.0% of the maximum Se absorption occurred at 100 min after perfusion in each small intestinal segment.In experiment 2,there was no difference (P>0.05) in the Se absorption rate among different ligated small intestinal segments perfused with solutions containing 0.0375–0.15 μg mL~(–1) of Se,however,the Se absorption rate was higher (P<0.05) in the jejunum than that in the duodenum perfused with solutions containing 0.30–0.60 μg mL~(–1) of Se.The kinetic curves of Se absorption demonstrated that the Se absorption was a saturated carrier-mediated process in the duodenum,and the maximum absorption rate was 1 271 pg min~(–1) cm~(–1);whereas the Se absorptions were a non-saturated diffusion process in the jejunum and ileum,and the diffusive constants were 2 107 and 1 777 cm~2 min~(–1),respectively.The results from the present study indicate that the jejunum is the main Se absorption site,and the Se absorption is a saturated carrier-mediated process in the duodenum,but a non-saturated diffusion process in the jejunum and ileum of broilers.
The effects of rootstocks on performances of three late-ripening navel orange varieties

Selection of rootstock is very important for citrus production.Besides its major role on resistance,the rootstock also can affect fruit production and quality.Currently,the main concerns on selection of rootstock for citrus production are compatibility and resistance,due to less information on the impacts of rootstock to the performance of scion varieties.This study aims to provide information on performances of navel orange varieties on different rootstocks.Three late-ripening navel orange varieties (Citrus sinensis var.Powell,Chislett and Banfield) grafted on seven rootstocks (Swingle citrumelo (C.paradisi× P.trifoliata),Carrizo citrange (C.sinensis×P.trifoliata),X639 (C.reticulata×P.trifoliata),MXT (C.sinensis×P.trifoliata),Hongju (C.reticulata),Ziyang Xiangcheng (C.junos) and trifoliate orange (P.trifoliata)) were used as plant materials for comprehensive comparison of the performances on tree growth,fruit yield and quality in 21 scion–stock combinations.Investigation was carried out in these combinations in field nine years after planting.Vigorous growth of all the three late-ripening navel orange varieties was observed on Carrizo citrange with the largest canopy volume at 33.34 m~3 and the highest yield at 29.43 kg per tree,but a low yield efficiency at 2.87 kg m~(–3).On the contrary,those on trifoliate orange had the smallest canopy volume at 10.79 m~3 and the lowest fruit yield at 12.51 kg per tree,but the highest yield efficiency at 3.95 kg m–3.Rootstocks did not show significant effects on fruit size,fruit shape index,peel thickness and the edible rate of the fruits,but fruit quality was significantly affected by the rootstocks.Fruits from the trees grafted on trifoliate orange presented the best quality with significantly higher total soluble solids (TSS) content than those on Ziyang Xiangcheng and Hongju,and also the highest ratio of TSS/titratable acidity (TA).The TA content was observed from the fruits on X639 at 0.59 g 100 mL~(-1).Vitamin C (Vc) content of fruits on Hongju was the highest at 49.25 mg 100 mL~(-1).Growth vigor of the trees was positively correlated with fruit yield at an extremely significant level.The canopy volume was negatively correlated with yield efficiency,but positively correlated with compatibility index.Results of this study indicated that the rootstock has great impacts on the growth vigor of the tree,yield efficiency and quality of the fruit.In order to achieve good quality and yield efficiency for navel orange production,less growth vigor rootstock such as trifoliate orange is highly recommended.
A LAMP-assay-based specific microbiota analysis reveals community dynamics and potential interactions of 13 major soybean root pathogens

Soybean root diseases are associated with numerous fungal and oomycete pathogens;however,the community dynamics and interactions of these pathogens are largely unknown.We performed 13 loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays that targeted specific soybean root pathogens,and traditional isolation assays.A total of 159 samples were collected from three locations in the Huang-Huai-Hai region of China at three soybean growth stages (30,60,and 90 days after planting) in 2016.In LAMP results,we found that pathogen communities differed slightly among locations,but changed dramatically between soybean growth stages.Phytophthora sojae,Rhizoctonia solani,and Fusarium oxysporum were most frequently detected at the early stage,whereas Phomopsis longicolla,Fusarium equiseti,and Fusarium virguliforme were most common in the later stages.Most samples (86%) contained two to six pathogen species.Interestingly,the less detectable species tended to exist in the samples containing more detected species,and some pathogens preferentially co-occurred in diseased tissue,including P.sojae–R.solani–F.oxysporum and F.virguliforme–Calonectria ilicicola,implying potential interactions during infection.The LAMP detection results were confirmed by traditional isolation methods.The isolated strains exhibited different virulence to soybean,further implying a beneficial interaction among some pathogens.
超声医师诊断之外的诊疗风险及其管理策略

良好的风险管理意识能够同时保护患者和超声医师。其目的并非当事件发生后才进行补救,而是对可能出现的问题进行预估并尽可能避免。避免不良事件及其引发的医疗纠纷是风险管理的基本目标,但更重要的是改善医疗质量,更好地帮助患者。本文总结了超声医师常见且需要警惕并避免的潜在医疗风险,旨在培养超声医师风险管理的意识,尽可能避免不良事件的发生。
Application and Improvements of the Wing Deformation Capture with Simulation for Flapping Micro Aerial Vehicle

Wing deformation capture with simulation is a mixed experimental-numerical approach whereby the wing deformation during flapping is captured using high-speed cameras and used as an input for the numerical solver. This is an alternative approach compared to pure experiment or full fluid structure interaction simulation. This study is an update to the previous paper by Tay et al., which aims to address the previous limitations. We show through thrust and vorticity contour plots that this approach can simulate Flapping Micro Aerial Vehiclex (FMAVs) with reasonable accuracy. Next, we use this approach to explain the thrust improvement when an additional rib is added to the original membrane wing, which is due to longer duration for the new wing to open during the fling stage. Lastly, by decreasing the number of points and frames per cycle on the wing, we can simplify and shorten the digitization process. These results show that this approach is an accurate and practical alternative which can be applied to general bio-inspired research.
Distance-directed Target Searching for a Deep Visual Servo SMA Driven Soft Robot Using Reinforcement Learning

Performing complex tasks by soft robots in constrained environment remains an enormous challenge owing to the limitations of flexible mechanisms and control methods. In this paper, a novel biomimetic soft robot driven by Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) with light weight and multi-motion abilities is introduced. We adapt deep learning to perceive irregular targets in an unstructured environment. Aiming at the target searching task, an intelligent visual servo control algorithm based on Q-learning is proposed to generate distance-directed end effector locomotion. In particular, a threshold reward system for the target searching task is proposed to enable a certain degree of tolerance for pointing errors. In addition, the angular velocity and working space of the end effector with load and without load based on the established coupling kinematic model are presented. Our framework enables the trained soft robot to take actions and perform target searching. Realistic experiments under different conditions demonstrate the convergence of the learning process and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Role of endoscopy in surgical management of cholesteatoma: A systematic review

Endoscopes are increasingly being used in cholesteatoma surgeries either as an adjunct to microscopes or sometimes exclusively. Their role at present is more as adjunct to microscope which still remains the work-horse for mastoidectomy. However, as endoscopy and endoscopic instruments are increasingly getting refined, role of endoscopy in management of cholesteatoma is continuously being appraised with progressively newer studies. This review aims to assess outcomes of several studies in which endoscopic techniques were used in cholesteatoma surgery and recognize common trends. An extensive review of literature on this theme was performed. Sixteen studies comprising of 1685 patients treated endoscopically either exclusively or in combination with microscope were included. Intra-operatively, in 267 (15.82%) cases, residual cholesteatoma was identified by endoscope in hidden areas after completion of surgery with microscope. On follow-up, recidivism was identified in 108 cases (6.4%) in second look procedures. Common sites of recurrence were hidden areas like sinus tympani. This review while acknowledging the value of microscope, highlights the merit of endoscope usage in cholesteatoma surgery and its role in reducing recurrence.
Numerical and Experimental Analysis of the Hydrodynamic Performance of a Three-Dimensional Finite-Length Rotating Cylinder

The hydrodynamic performance of a three-dimensional finite-length rotating cylinder is studied by means of a physical tank and numerical simulation. First, according to the identified influencing factors, a hydrodynamic performance test of the rotating cylinder was carried out in a circulating water tank. In order to explore the changing law of hydrodynamic performance with these factors, a particle image velocimetry device was used to monitor the flow field. Subsequently, a computational field dynamics numerical simulation method was used to simulate the flow field, followed by an analysis of the effects of speed ratio, Reynolds number, and aspect ratio on the flow field. The results show that the lift coefficient and drag coefficient of the cylinder increase first and then decrease with the increase of the rotational speed ratio. The trend of numerical simulation and experimental results is similar.
Study on Crack Closure Considering Welding Residual Stress Under Constant Amplitude Loading and Overloading

Welding residual stress in the engineering structure has a non-negligible influence on crack propagation, and crack closure is a significant factor affecting the crack propagation. Based on the elastoplastic finite element method and crack closure theory, we studied crack closure and residual compressive stress field of butt-welded plates under constant amplitude loading and overloading regarding the stress ratio, maximumload, overload ratio, and number of overloads. The results show that the welding residual tensile stress can decrease the crack closure because of a decrease in the residual compressive stress in the wake zone, but the effect is gradually reduced with increased stress ratio or maximum load. And the combined effect of welding residual tensile stress and overload can produce a stronger retardation effect on crack propagation.
优质抗稻瘟病杂交水稻新组合长农优231

长农优231是长江大学主要粮食作物产业化湖北省协同创新中心以不育系长农2A与早熟抗稻瘟病恢复系长恢31配组育成的早熟三系杂交中籼新组合。该组合具有米质优、抗稻瘟病、丰产性好、成熟期早、综合农艺性状优良等特点,2019年8月通过湖北省农作物品种审定委员会审定。
两系杂交水稻新组合泷两优713高产制种技术

泷两优713系用大穗型两系不育系泷S与优质抗病恢复系泉恢713配组而成的迟熟两系杂交中籼新组合,2019年通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定。根据泷两优713亲本的特征特性,结合山区气候特点,总结了该组合的高产制种技术。
杂交粳稻辽优5206穗肥中氮素适宜用量研究

在基蘖肥用量相同的条件下,设5个穗肥纯N施用水平,分别为0、22.5、45.0、67.5、90.0 kg/hm~2,分别记为处理T0 ~ T4,研究不同氮素穗肥用量对杂交粳稻辽优5206产量及品质等相关性状的影响。结果表明,辽优5206产量随着穗肥氮素用量的增加先增后减,以T3处理的产量最高,为12.15 t/hm~2,比T0处理增产10.8%;穗肥增产效率和氮肥农学利用率以T2处理最高,分别为22.5和17.2 kg/kg;穗肥施用氮肥处理与穗肥不施氮肥处理(T0)相比,蛋白质含量有不同程度提高,食味值有所降低;穗肥施用后1 d,土壤碱解氮含量随穗肥氮素用量的增加而增加,T4处理在穗肥施用后3 d,其他处理在穗肥施用后5 d达到峰值;T3和T4处理的土壤脲酶活性在穗肥施用后20 ~ 30 d仍保持较高的活性,说明适当施用氮素穗肥有利于提高土壤中氮的含量,提高脲酶活性,从而有利于增产;穗肥中纯N用量为67.5 kg/hm~2时,辽优5206获得最高产量,但综合考虑氮肥利用率、产量及品质等,辽优5206穗肥中纯N用量宜为45.0 kg/hm~2。
回收式自体血在产科的应用现状及研究进展

随着国家二孩政策开放,瘢痕子宫、前置胎盘、胎盘植入等病例显著增多,发生产后出血风险大大增加,输血是该类患者重要的治疗措施。由于异体血源缺乏和异体输血可能带来得风险,近年来回收式自体血在产科得到较为广泛的应用。但受到目前技术的限制,回收式自体血在应用实践中仍存在羊水栓塞、白细胞、胎儿红细胞及影响凝血功能等问题。本文总结回收式自体血在阴道分娩及剖宫产中应用基本情况、存在问题、经济效益以及预测其未来发展方向。
不同原因所致复发性流产的处理专题讨论-遗传因素所致的复发性流产的处理

复发性流产(recurrent spontaneous abortio,RSA)或者复发性妊娠丢失(recurrent pregnancy loss,RPL)已知的主要原因包括遗传因素及非遗传因素,遗传因素主要包括染色体异常和单基因缺陷。染色体问题较为明确,夫妻之一染色体异常可能导致反复胚胎染色体异常,而夫妻染色体正常也可能发生反复胚胎新发染色体异常,最终产生RPL。单基因缺陷可以解释部分RPL患者病因。应用全外显子检测技术可以提高不同种类RPL疾病在分子水平上的精确分类,并为未来精准医疗和药物开发提供切入口。植入前胚胎遗传学检测(preimplantation genetic testing,PGT)直接对胚胎来源的遗传物质进行分析,筛选整倍体胚胎,是降低流产风险和预防出生缺陷的一级预防措施。
Synthesis, structure and electrocatalytic H_2-evoluting activity of a dinickel model complex related to the active site of [NiFe]-hydrogenases

Structural and functional biomimicking of the active site of [NiFe]-hydrogenases can provide helpful hints for designing bioinspired catalysts to replace the expensive noble metal catalysts for H_2 generation and uptake. Treatment of dianion [Ni(phma)]2- [H_4phma = N,N'-1,2-phenylenebis(2-mercaptoacetamide)] with [NiCl_2(dppp)] (dppp = bis(diphenylphosphino)propane) yielded a dinickel product [Ni(phma)(µ-S,S')Ni(dppp)] (1) as the model complex relevant to the active site of [NiFe]-H_2ases. The structure of complex 1 has been characterized by single-crystal X-ray analysis. From cyclic voltammetry and controlled potential electrolysis studies, complex 1 was found to be a moderate electrocatalyst for the H_2-evoluting reaction using ClCH_2COOH as the proton source.
High stability three-dimensional porous PtSn nano-catalyst for ethanol electro-oxidation reaction

In addition to the theoretical research, direct ethanol fuel cells have great potential in practical applications. The performance of direct ethanol fuel cells largely depends on the electrocatalysts. Ptbased electrocatalysts have been promising candidates for advancing direct ethanol fuel cells for its high catalytic activity and great durability. Here, a PtSn catalyst with unique three-dimensional porous nanostructure has been designed and synthesized via a two-step liquid phase reduction reaction. Sn formed a self-supporting framework in PtSn alloy particles (~3.5 nm). In ethanol electro-oxidation reaction, the PtSn catalyst exhibited high mass activity and excellent recycling time compared with that of Pt/C. After the morphology characterization before and after potential cycling, the PtSn alloy-based nano-catalyst showed good stability. The PtSn catalysts effectively avoid structural instability due to the external carriers, and prolong the leaching time of Sn. In addition, the introduction of a certain amount of Sn can also solve the poisoning phenomenon of active sites on Pt surface. The design strategy of porous alloy nano-catalyst sheds light on its applications in direct ethanol fuel cells.
Covalent organic frameworks functionalized carbon fiber paper for the capture and detection of hydroxyl radical in the atmosphere

Developing a fast, sensitive and convenient method for the detection of hydroxyl radicals (·OH) in the atmosphere could help us know the precursor levels of atmospheric species and control air pollution. In this work, the carbon fiber paper (CFP) functionalizing with a kind of covalent organic frameworks (COFs), formed from 1,3,5-triformylphloroglucinol (Tp) and benzidine (BD) (COF(TpBD)),was firstly used a new platform for ·OH trapping and detection. The COF(TpBD) modified CFP was acted as a filter to impregnate salicylic acid (SA) and a detector to detect 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,5-DHBA) which was produced from the reaction between the impregnated SA and ·OH in the atmosphere. This method provided a linearity for 2,5-DHBA from 5.0 ×10~(-14) mol/L 1.0 ×10~(-9) mol/L with a detection limit of 6.9 ×10~(-15) mol/L, which is corresponding to the amount of ·OH from 3.0 ×10~7 to 6.0 ×10~(11) molecules/cm~3 with the detection limit of 4.1 ×10~6 molecules/cm~3. This COF(TpBD)-CFP platform has been successfully applied for the detection of ·OH concentration under different conditions of Yangzhou when the sampling timewas shortened to 30 min. This work has provided a new method for atmospheric ·OH detection with excellent sensitivity, simplicity, and high speed.
CeO_2 quantum dots doped Ni-Co hydroxide nanosheets for ultrahigh energy density asymmetric supercapacitors

By integrating the merits of lanthanide elements and quantum dots,we firstly design CeO_2 quantum dots doped Ni-Co hydroxide nanosheet via a controllable synthetic strategy, which exhibits a large specific capacitance (1370.7 F/g at 1.0 A/g) and a good cyclic stability (90.6% retention after 4000 cycles). Moreover, we assemble an aqueous asymmetric supercapacitor with the obtained material, which has an extremely high energy density (108.9 Wh/kg at 378 W/kg) and outstanding cycle stability (retaining 88.1% capacitance at 2.0 A/g after 4000 cycles).
Sodium-based dual-ion batteries via coupling high-capacity selenium/graphene anode with high-voltage graphite cathode

Dual ion batteries (DIBs) exhibit broad application prospects in the field of electrical energy storage (EES) devices with excellent properties, such as high voltage, high energy density, and low cost. In the graphitebased DIBs, high voltage is needed to store enough anions with the formation of anion intercalation compound XC_n (X = AlCl_4~ -, PF_6~ -, TFSI~-, etc.). Hence, it is difficult for graphite-based DIBs to match proper anodes and electrolytes. Here, an Se/graphene composite is prepared via a convenient method, and assembled into a dual-ion full battery (DIFB) as anode with graphite cathode and 1 mol/L NaPF_6 in EC: EMC (1:1, v:v). This DIFB has achieved a high discharge capacity of 75.9 mAh/g and high medium output voltage of 3.5 V at 0.1 A/g. Actually, the suitable anode materials, such as the present Se/graphene composite, are extremely important for the development and application of graphite-based DIBs. This study is enlightening for the design of future low-cost EES devices including graphite-based DIBs.
Bimetal-organic frameworks derived Co/N-doped carbons for lithium-sulfur batteries

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have received extensive attention due to their high theoretical specific energy density. However, the utilization of sulfur is seriously reduced by the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides and the low conductivity of sulfur and lithium sulfide (Li_2S). Herein, we introduced bimetalorganic frameworks (Co/Zn-ZIF) derived cobalt and nitrogen-doped carbons (Co/N-C) into Li-S batteries through host design and separator modification. The Co/N-C in Li-S batteries effectively limits the shuttle effect through simultaneously serving as polysulfide traps and chemical catalyst. As a result, the Li-S batteries deliver a high reversible capacity of 1614.5 mAh/g and superior long-term cycling stability with a negligible capacity decay of only 0.04% per cycle after 1000 cycles. Furthermore, they have a high area capacity of 5.5 mAh/cm~2.
Unstable Ni leaching in MOF-derived PtNi-C catalyst with improved performance for alcohols fuel electro-oxidation

Significance of unstable species leachingwas for the first time demonstrated on MOF-derived catalysts by taking PtNi-C as an example, that was instructive for the relevant catalyst fabrication and performance study. PtNi-C catalyst was synthesized by combining Pt nanoparticles with Ni-BTC after annealing in the tube furnace and the unstable Ni species can be easily leached out in nitric acid, and the stable PtNi nanoparticles trapped in the graphite carbon layer were obtained. The greatly improved catalytic ability for alcohol fuels oxidationwas verified by comparing the fresh and acid leached catalysts in terms of the high peak current density, specific and mass activity and rapid charge transfer kinetics and high catalytic stability. The current work guides the importance of unstable assistant promoter removal for the MOF derived catalysts.
Nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes by multistep pyrolysis process as a promising anode material for lithium ion hybrid capacitors

Lithium-ion hybrid capacitors (LIHCs) is a promising electrochemical energy storage devices which combines the advantages of lithium-ion batteries and capacitors. Herein, we developed a facile multistep pyrolysis method, prepared an amorphous structure and a high-level N-doping carbon nanotubes (NCNTs), and by removing the Co catalyst, opening the port of NCNTs, and using NCNTs as anode material. It is shows good performance due to the electrolyte ions enter into the electrode materials and facilitate the charge transfer. Furthermore, we employ the porous carbon material (APDC) as the cathode to couple with anodes of NCNTs, building a LIHCs, it shows a high energy density of 173 Wh/kg at 200 W/kg and still retains 53 Wh/kg at a high power density of 10 kW/kg within the voltage window of 0–4.0 V, as well as outstanding cyclic life keep 80% capacity after 5000 cycles. This work provides an opportunity for the preparation of NCNTs, that is as a promising high-performance anode for LIHCs.