mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
临床药师参与的微信版周课对骨科护士用药知识和态度的影响

目的观察临床药师参与的微信版每周一课对骨科护士用药知识和态度的干预效果,探索适合临床护士的新型临床教学模式。方法将96名骨科护士分为对照组(n=48)和观察组(n=48)。对照组按照传统教学方式,进行骨科常用药物的教学培训;观察组按照临床药师参与的微信版每周一课教学模式进行教学培训。培训结束后分别考核两组护士的理论知识、综合技能成绩,用药态度及对各自教学方法的反馈评估。结果观察组护士的理论知识、综合技能成绩显著高于对照组,用药态度中2个条目及对教学模式的评价中4个维度显著优于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论临床药师参与的微信版每周一课能够激发护士学习兴趣,提高护士用药知识,改善其用药态度。
子宫切除术后盆底康复锻炼联合电刺激生物反馈对盆底功能障碍性疾病的预防作用

目的:探讨全子宫切除术后采用电刺激生物反馈治疗对患者盆底功能障碍性疾病的预防效果。方法:选取2014年1月至2015年5个月在江门市中心医院因子宫良性病变切除全子宫盆底肌力0—Ⅱ级患者125例,随机分为治疗组与对照组。术后3个月开始对照组自行盆底康复锻炼,治疗组另予电刺激加生物反馈治疗15次。术后3个月、5个月及1年分别比较二组患者的盆底肌力、电生理指标、盆腔器官脱垂定量分度法及盆底功能影响问卷简表(PFIQ-7)、盆腔器官脱垂-尿失禁性功能问卷(PISQ-12)。结果:治疗组术后5个月、1年的盆底电生理指标均较对照组改善明显。术后5个月治疗组盆底肌力主要提升至Ⅲ-Ⅳ级,对照组肌力主要仍为Ⅱ-Ⅲ级,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。术后1年治疗组肌力优于对照组(P< 0.05)。POP-Q分度在术后3个月、5个月及1年复查,治疗组与对照组比较差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。PFIQ-7及PISQ-12评分术后5个月治疗组二者评分较对照组高,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。术后1年两组评分较术后5个月比较差异无显著性意义(P>0.05),但治疗组评分优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:生物反馈电刺激治疗对于全子宫切除术后患者可显著改善其盆底肌力及电生理指标,并在1年内可有效预防盆底功能障碍性疾病的发生。
特定运动疗法在特发性脊柱侧凸患者中的应用及效果研究进展——以Schroth疗法为例

特发性脊柱侧凸是脊椎和躯干的复杂的三维畸形(Cobb角≥10°),病因不明,多发生于健康的青少年。通常情况下,侧凸不会发生进展,但是一旦发生进展超过30°,患者成年之后出现健康问题的风险较高,如外观畸形、背部疼痛和渐进性的功能限制等,导致生存质量下降。目前脊柱侧凸的治疗方法主要包括保守治疗和手术治疗,国际脊柱侧凸研究协会(Scoliosis Research Society, SRS)推荐脊柱侧凸的治疗方法包括:随访观察,适用于轻度侧凸患者(Cobb角= 10°—25°);支具治疗,适用于中度侧凸患者(Cobb角=25°—45°);手术治疗,适用于重度侧凸患者(Cobb角>45°)。但是这三种疗法都存在副作用。部分患者在随访观察期间发生侧凸进展。支具治疗虽然能够显著延缓侧凸进展,降低手术治疗的概率,但是其治疗成功率为72%,这表明仍有一部分患者最终需要接受手术治疗。此外,佩戴支具会限制患者活动,长期佩戴可能会造成背部肌肉萎缩,甚至平背综合征。手术治疗能够减轻畸形,但长期来看,患者术后面临更多的退行性椎间盘改变,更频繁的腰椎或身体疼痛,生存质量受到影响。因此如何有效延缓侧凸进展、减轻各种治疗带来的副作用,一直是临床关注的重点。脊柱侧凸特定运动疗法(physiotherapy scoliosis specific exercises,PSSE)是脊柱侧凸的保守治疗方法之一,尽管此方法尚存在一些争议,但是近年来越来越受到重视。国际脊柱侧凸康复治疗学会(Society on Scoliosis Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation Treatment,SOSORT)在2011的指南中将PSSE正式纳入脊柱侧凸保守治疗方法。目前,PSSE主要包括七种疗法,其中Schroth疗法创立时间早、发展完善、应用广泛,因此本文将对特定运动疗法进行概述,并以Schroth疗法为例,就近几年特定运动疗法在特发性脊柱侧凸患者中临床应用及效果的最新进展进行综述,以期为临床实践提供参考。
Guidance laws for attacking defended target

In this paper, two new guidance laws based on differential game theory are proposed and investigated for the attacker in an attacker-defender-target scenario. The conditions for the attacker winning the game are analyzed when the target and defender using the differential game guidance law based on the linear model. The core ideas underlying the two guidance laws are the attacker evading to a critical safe boundary from the defender, and then maintaining a critical miss distance. The guidance law more appropriate for the attacker to win the game differs according to the initial parameters. Unlike other guidance laws, when using the derived guidance laws there is no need to know the target and the defender's control efforts. The results of numerical simulations show that the attacker can evade the defender and hit the target successfully by using the proposed derived guidance laws.
发展玉豆带状复合种植,保障国家粮食安全

农业是国家基础性产业。随着人口的增长、城市的发展、耕地面积的下降、生态环境的日趋恶化,农业正面临严峻的挑战。据《中国的粮食问题》白皮书,至2030年,我国粮食需求总量将达6.4亿吨左右,供需矛盾非常突出。目前,四大粮食作物中小麦、稻谷由净出口转为净进口,玉米产需缺口迅速扩大,大豆缺口巨大。而玉米和大豆属于粮油饲兼用作物,占粮食和饲料粮需求的49%和95%,且两作物争地矛盾是长期困扰我国粮食安全的一大难题。加之,我国农业生产高产出与可持续难以统一,耕地资源持续减少和水资源严重缺乏,寻求一种环境友好、经济可行、土地产出率高的农业可持续发展模式对保障中国粮油安全具有重要的意义。
Mitochondrion-processed TERC regulates senescence without affecting telomerase activities

Mitochondrial dysfunctions play major roles in ageing.How mitochondrial stresses invoke downstream responses and how specificity of the signaling is achieved,however,remains unclear.We have previously discovered that the RNA component of Telomerase TERC is imported into mitochondria,processed to a shorter form TERC-53,and then exported back to the cytosol.Cytosolic TERC-53 levels respond to mitochondrial functions,but have no direct effect on these functions,suggesting that cytosolic TERC-53 functions downstream of mitochondria as a signal of mitochondrial functions.Here,we show that cytosolic TERC-53 plays a regulatory role on cellular senescence and is involved in cognition decline in 10 months old mice,independent of its telomerase function.Manipulation of cytosolic TERC-53 levels affects cellular senescence and cognition decline in 10 months old mouse hippocampi without affecting telomerase activity,and most importantly,affects cellular senescence in terc–/– cells.These findings uncover a senescence-related regulatory pathway with a non-coding RNA as the signal in mammals.
CRISPR-mediated gene editing to rescue haploinsufficient obesity syndrome

CRISPR and adeno-associated virus are becoming powerful tools to remedy genetic disorders in somatic cells of adulthood. A recent study published in Science(Matharu et al., 2019) safely targeted the non-coding genomic region of Sim1 and MC4R with rAAV packed with CRISPRa, and successfully rescued the obesity syndrome caused by haploinsufficiency in a murine model, which shed light on their potential therapeutic applications in the future(Matharu et al., 2019).
种植体规格、手术方式与上前牙区种植体唇侧骨吸收量的相关性研究

目的探讨不同种植体规格及手术方式等因素对上颌前牙区种植体唇侧骨板高度吸收的影响。方法选取43例符合实验纳入标准的患者实施上颌前牙区种植手术,共植入植体55枚。收集患者的临床资料和种植体植入后1周、植入后6个月、修复后6个月、修复后12个月的锥形束CT(CBCT)资料,计算患者在各个时期(植入后6个月、修复后6个月、修复后12个月、植入后18个月)唇侧骨板高度的吸收量并分组进行统计学分析。结果种植手术时机、种植手术类型、种植手术方式对上前牙区种植体唇侧骨板高度吸收量无明显影响;在植入后18个月时,种植体直径对上前牙区种植体唇侧骨板高度吸收量有影响(P
Influence of pre-treatment in citric acid solution on physical and mechanical properties of thermally compressed oil palm board

Oil palm trunk is an excellent raw material for thermally compressed wood board. However, improvements to dimensional stability during water absorption and reduced thickness swelling has been tied to losses in other mechanical properties, especially as the compression temperature is increased. Toward solving this trade-off, we analyzed the effects of a 48 h pre-soak in citric acid solutions (0, 5, 15, 25, or 35% w/v in distilled water) on the physical and mechanical properties of oil palm board compressed at 140 °C. The reference benchmark case was compressed at 200 °C without pretreatment. The oil palm board raw materials were obtained from outer, middle and inner parts of trunk. The results showed that the oven-dry density of compressed oil palm board made from different parts of trunk increased with thermal compression (maximum pressure 12.26 MPa for 8 min). The citric acid pretreatment improved water absorption and thickness swelling properties of oil palm board thermally compressed at 140 °C, consistent with the citric acid concentration. The carboxyl groups in citric acid cross-link with the hydroxyl groups in the wood. However, no significant difference was found between the benchmark (200 °C) and pretreatments with 5 or 15% citric acid. The citric acid altered the wood chemistry during hot compressing at 140 °C. Static bending strength, modulus of rupture (MOR), and modulus of elasticity (MOE) slightly decreased with the citric acid pretreatment, matching the effects of high temperature compression at 200 °C.
Natural regeneration of Pinus brutia Ten. in a recreational public forest in Zawita-Kurdistan region, Iraq

Zawita natural forest has recently has been subject to mass recreational activities during spring that have denuded large areas of the forest. It was thus essential to assess regeneration before designing optimizing strategies. To this end, we studied the overstory canopy and microhabitat conditions for recruitment of Pinus brutia Ten in 10 plots (20 × 25 m) on the southern aspects where the Zawita natural forest is still present. In total, 1540 regenerating P. brutia were recorded, 854 seedlings, 597 saplings, and 89 trees. Seedlings and saplings were more frequent beyond the canopy than under the canopy of the parent trees. Regeneration requirements differed between seedlings and saplings. The probability of the occurrence of seedlings was negatively correlated with increasing litter depth and increasing soil compaction. The density of saplings only showed a positive significant correlation with increasing slope. The nearest neighbor index showed a trend toward a positive spatial association between understory shrubs with their neighboring seedlings at a mean distance of 1.6 m. Overall, the study highlighted the requirements for seedling regeneration as a relatively open canopy cover, a light understory litter layer, and noncompacted soils. These results are a step towards designing effective management and restoration programs.
Linking tree growth rate, damage repair, and susceptibility to a genus-specific pest infestation

Pest preference and subsequent susceptibility of a host individual is likely related to previous growth patterns in that host. Emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire) is a pestiferous beetle introduced to North America from Asia. While all species of ash are susceptible to attack, some individual trees appear to survive infestation. We selected ash trees in southeastern Michigan, collected cores and categorized trees as high tolerance to emerald ash borer attack (high overall health, low crown dieback), low tolerance (low overall health, high crown dieback) and intermediate tolerance (in-between the other categories). We artificially wounded trees and measured wound closure after 3 years. Ring width indices were not correlated between high and low tolerance trees. Regression slopes comparing growth and years were significantly different between the three tolerance categories, with high tolerance trees having the steepest slope. Wound closure was greatest in high tolerance trees. High tolerance trees demonstrating more rapid (steeper regression slope), consistent (lower variance), and effective (greater wound closure) growth. Those vigorously growing trees likely had more capacity to repair damage caused by emerald ash borer, leading to healthier trees in our categorization. Linking previous host growth patterns to health may have implications related to identifying individual trees potentially tolerant to attack.
Multi-Model Based PSO Method for Burden Distribution Matrix Optimization With Expected Burden Distribution Output Behaviors

Burden distribution is one of the most important operations, and also an important upper regulation in blast furnace(BF) iron-making process. Burden distribution output behaviors(BDOB) at the throat of BF is a 3-dimensional spatial distribution produced by burden distribution matrix(BDM), including burden surface output shape(BSOS) and material layer initial thickness distribution(MLITD). Due to the lack of effective model to describe the complex input-output relations, BDM optimization and adjustment is carried out by experienced foremen. Focusing on this practical challenge, this work studies complex burden distribution input-output relations, and gives a description of expected MLITD under specific integral constraint on the basis of engineering practice. Furthermore, according to the decision variables in different number fields, this work studies optimization of BDM with expected MLITD, and proposes a multi-mode based particle swarm optimization(PSO) procedure for optimization of decision variables. Finally, experiments using industrial data show that the proposed model is effective, and optimized BDM calculated by this multi-model based PSO method can be used for expected distribution tracking.
Scale-up of biomass conversion using 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate as the solvent

This scale-up study demonstrated the feasibility of an ionic liquid (IL) pretreatment process at 40 kg scale, using the IL 1-ethyl-3- methylimidazolium acetate ([C2C1Im][OAc]) as the solvent. The pretreatment was followed by enzymatic hydrolysis through which the process efficiency for biomass conversion to monomeric sugars was determined. The results show that 43 wt% of switchgrass was dissolved in IL after 2 h of pretreatment at 160 ℃ with 15 wt% solid loading. A 120 h enzymatic hydrolysis of the pretreated switchgrass results in 96% glucan and 98% xylan conversion. [C2C1Im][OAc] pretreatment has been successfully scaled up to 40 kg with improved sugar titers and yields relative to bench scale (6 kg). The mass flow of the overall process was established and the major scale-up challenges of the process were identified.
Influence of High Relative Humidity on Secondary Organic Carbon: Observations at a Background Site in East China

To investigate the impacts of relative humidity(RH) on secondary organic aerosol(SOA) concentrations and chemical reactions, the carbonaceous aerosol components [i.e., organic carbon(OC) and element carbon(EC)] were quantified in daily PM2.5 samples collected at a background site in East China during summer 2015. Based on the method of EC-tracer, the concentration of secondary organic carbon(SOC) demonstrated an obvious negative relationship with RH higher than 60%. Moreover, the ratio of SOC/EC also exhibited obvious decreasing trends with increasing RH, indicating negative effects for chemical production of SOA under high RH conditions. Due to high RH, photochemistry was weakened, gaseous oxidant concentrations was lowered(e.g., significantly decreased O_3 levels), and the production rates of SOA were relatively low. On the other hand, because of more water uptake under higher RH conditions, the aerosol droplet acidity was reduced and enhancement of SOA formation by acidity was accordingly absent. In addition, high RH also plays an important role in changing viscosity of pre-existing aerosol coatings, which can affect reactive uptake yield of SOA. Overall, the results from this study imply that SOA production may be more associated with photochemical processes, while aqueous-phase chemistry is not very important for some SOA formation in a moist ambient environment. In the ambient atmosphere, oxidant concentrations, reaction rates, airborne species, etc., are highly variable. How do these factors affect SOA yields under given ambient environment warrants further detailed investigations.
A Novel Identification of the Polar/Eurasia Pattern and Its Weather Impact in May

The Polar/Eurasia(POL) pattern was previously identified based on the empirical orthogonal function method and monthly mean data, in which the positive and negative phases are anti-symmetric in spatial distribution. This paper identifies the positive(POL~+) and negative(POL~–) phases of the POL pattern through applying a novel approach, i.e., self-organizing maps, to daily 500-hPa geopotential height fields in May over 1948–2017. The POL~+, POL1~–, and POL2~– patterns defined by this method represent actual physical modes. The POL~+ pattern features a wave train from the northeastern Atlantic/northern Europe via the subarctic regions of Eurasia to Lake Baikal. The POL1~– pattern is characterized by a planetary-scale dipole pattern with a positive anomaly band over subarctic Eurasia and a negative anomaly band from central Asia to the Sea of Okhotsk. The anomaly centers of the POL2~– pattern are basically antisymmetrical to those of the POL~+ pattern. The POL~+ pattern increases the blocking frequency over the northeastern Atlantic/northern Europe and northeastern Asia, where high-frequency transient eddies are highly recurrent in the north. Accordingly, precipitation increases apparently in the subarctic Asian continent and western Siberia, and decreases around Europe and Lake Baikal. A mimic wave train is also observed in the surface air temperature anomaly field. During the POL1~– period, the blocking frequency is abnormally high over Eurasia, whereas high-frequency transient eddies are apparently suppressed over northern Eurasia. Correspondingly, significant precipitation deficits are observed in northern Eurasia. The POL1~– pattern also causes a remarkable temperature increase in the subarctic seas of Eurasia and a considerable temperature drop in the midlatitude Asian continent. As the POL2~– pattern prevails, the blocking frequency decreases over the North Atlantic/Europe but strengthens over the Asian continent. The POL2~– pattern also causes wavelike anomalies of precipitation and surface air temperature over northern Eurasia.
Advanced fuel layering in line-moving, high-gain direct-drive cryogenic targets

In inertial fusion energy(IFE) research, a number of technological issues have focused on the ability to inexpensively fabricate large quantities of free-standing targets(FSTs) by developing a specialized layering module with repeatable operation. Of central importance for the progress towards plasma generation with intense thermonuclear reactions is the fuel structure, which must be isotropic to ensure that fusion will take place. In this report, the results of modeling the FST layering time, τForm, are presented for targets which are shells of ~4 μm in diameter with a wall made from compact and porous polymers. The layer thickness is ~200 μm for pure solid fuel and ~250 μm for in-porous solid fuel. Computation shows τForm < 23 s for D_2 fuel and τForm < 30 s for D–T fuel. This is an excellent result in terms of minimizing the tritium inventory, producing IFE targets in massive numbers(~1 million each day) and obtaining the fuel as isotropic ultrafine layers. It is shown experimentally that such small layering time can be realized by the FST layering method in line-moving, high-gain direct-drive cryogenic targets using n-fold-spiral layering channels at n D 2; 3.
Winter wheat identification by integrating spectral and temporal information derived from multi-resolution remote sensing data

Timely crop acreage and distribution information are the basic data which drive many agriculture related applications. For identifying crop types based on remote sensing, methods using only a single image type have significant limitations. Current research that integrates fine and coarser spatial resolution images, using techniques such as unmixing methods, regression models, and others, usually results in coarse resolution abundance without sufficient detail within pixels, and limited attention has been paid to the spatial relationship between the pixels from these two kinds of images. Here we propose a new solution to identify winter wheat by integrating spectral and temporal information derived from multi-resolution remote sensing data and determine the spatial distribution of sub-pixels within the coarse resolution pixels. Firstly, the membership of pixels which belong to winter wheat is calculated using a 25-m resolution resampled Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) image based on the Bayesian equation. Then, the winter wheat abundance (acreage fraction in a pixel) is assessed by using a multiple regression model based on the unique temporal change features from moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) time series data. Finally, winter wheat is identified by the proposed Abundance-Membership (AM) model based on the spatial relationship between the two types of pixels. Specifically, winter wheat is identified by comparing the spatially corresponding 10×10 membership pixels of each abundance pixel. In other words, this method takes advantage of the relative size of membership in a local space, rather than the absolute size in the entire study area. This method is tested in the major agricultural area of Yiluo Basin, China, and the results show that acreage accuracy (Aa) is 93.01% and sampling accuracy (As) is 91.40%. Confusion matrix shows that overall accuracy (OA) is 91.4% and the kappa coefficient (Kappa) is 0.755. These values are significantly improved compared to the traditional Maximum Likelihood classification (MLC) and Random Forest classification (RFC) which rely on spectral features. The results demonstrate that the identification accuracy can be improved by integrating spectral and temporal information. Since the identification of winter wheat is performed in the space corresponding to each MODIS pixel, the influence of differences of environmental conditions is greatly reduced. This advantage allows the proposed method to be effectively applied in other places.
Repeated occurrence of palaeo-wildfires during deposition of the Bahariya Formation(early Cenomanian) of Egypt

The Upper Cretaceous(early Cenomanian) Bahariya Formation of Egypt has an outstanding reputation for its wealth of vertebrate remains, including a variety of iconic dinosaurs, like the carnivorous Spinosaurus and Carcharodontosaurus, as well as the herbivorous Aegyptosaurus and Paralititan. Besides these dinosaur fossils, the Bahariya Formation yielded also a wealth of invertebrate and plant remains, but even today many aspects concerning the continental palaeoenvironments reflected in these deposits(including the occurrence of palaeo-wildfires) have not been studied in detail. So far six distinct macro-charcoal bearing levels could be identified within the type section of the Bahariya Formation at Gabal El Dist profile, one of the most prolific outcrops of this formation in terms of fossil occurrence located in the north of the Bahariya Oasis, Western Desert, Egypt. Most of the charcoal investigated by means of SEM originates from ferns, pointing to a considerable proportion of this plant group within the palaeo-ecosystems that experienced fires. Gymnosperms and(putative) angiosperms have less frequently been identified. The collected data present evidence that the landscapes at the northern shores of Gondwana repeatedly experienced palaeo-wildfires, adding extra proof to previous statements that the Late Cretaceous was a fiery world on a global scale.
Transient thermal response of functionally graded piezoelectric laminates with an infinite row of parallel cracks normal to the bimaterial interface

In this paper, the problem of a functionally graded piezoelectric material strip (FGPM strip) containing an infinite row of parallel cracks perpendicular to the interface between the FGPM strip and a homogeneous layer is analyzed under transient thermal loading condition. The crack faces are supposed to be completely insulated. Material properties are assumed to be exponentially dependent on the distance from the interface. Using the Fourier transforms, the electro-thermoelastic problem is reduced to a singular integral equation, which is solved numerically. The stress intensity factors are computed and presented as a function of the normalized time, the nonhomogeneous and geometric parameters.
Stresses of orthotropic laminated beams subjected to high temperature and mechanical load

Thermo-elastic analysis of simply-supported orthotropic laminated beams subjected to high temperature and mechanical load is presented on the basis of the exact two-dimensional thermoelasticity theory. The beam is composed of several orthotropic layers, each with temperaturedependent material properties. The governing equation for each layer is analytically solved using the state space method. The displacement and stress solutions of the beam are obtained using the transfer-matrix method. A numerical example is included to study the effects of temperature on the mechanical responses of a sandwich beam. The results reveal two main effects of temperature: (i) inducing deformations and stresses by itself; (ii) affecting the deformations and stresses induced by the mechanical load.