mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Human androgen deficiency: insights gained from androgen receptor knockout mouse models

The mechanism of androgen action is complex. Recently, significant advances have been made into our understanding of how androgens act via the androgen receptor (AR) through the use of genetically modified mouse models. A number of global and tissue-specific AR knockout (ARKO) models have been generated using the Cre-loxP system which allows tissue- and/or cell-specific deletion. These ARKO models have examined a number of sites of androgen action including the cardiovascular system, the immune and hemopoetic system, bone, muscle, adipose tissue, the prostate and the brain. This review focuses on the insights that have been gained into human androgen deficiency through the use of ARKO mouse models at each of these sites of action, and highlights the strengths and limitations of these Cre-loxP mouse models that should be considered to ensure accurate interpretation of the phenotype.
腹主动脉瘤合并髂动脉-髂静脉动静脉瘘一例

术后患者即刻腹痛缓解,左侧股静脉及腹部包块搏动消失,下肢肿胀逐渐消退。因患者自行拔除尿管而造成尿道损伤,大量血尿,Hb下降,重置尿管后缓解。术后第10天查血肌酐:250 μmol/L,第11天查平扫CT对比术前可见动脉瘤明显缩小,髂静脉管径变细。
孕期应激刺激对子代下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴的影响

孕期经历的不同负性生活事件可能对孕妇构成应激刺激并导致孕妇产生焦虑和抑郁情绪。孕期焦虑与抑郁情绪不仅对孕妇本身的身心健康不利,更会对子代中枢神经系统的发育造成不利影响。孕期应激刺激对子代的影响研究一直很受重视,过去的很多研究都报道了孕期应激刺激对子代产生的各种不利影响,包括学习障碍、注意力缺陷、焦虑行为增多、下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(HPA)轴功能异常等,并且这些损害的严重程度存在明显的性别差异。2010年,Buss等的MRI检测发现,在孕19周时伴有重度焦虑情绪的孕妇,其子代在6到9岁时前额叶皮质、运动皮质、颞叶以及中央后回等处的灰质密度减少。还有报道显示,其母亲在孕期遭受一系列负性生活事件的青年女性,在记忆测试中的表现较差。上述研究表明,孕期的负性情绪刺激能够对子代神经系统造成不利影响。同样,孕期应激刺激同一些神经精神疾病的发病也存在着一定的联系。孕期应激刺激对子代神经内分泌系统的影响,特别是对HPA轴的影响一直是这方面研究的热点之一。目前,研究结论提示,孕妇的情绪改变可能通过某种途径如表观遗传学机制等影响子代HPA轴的敏感性,使子代罹患情感障碍的风险增大。本文选择单纯关注孕期精神应激刺激对子代HPA轴影响的临床和基础研究文献进行综述如下。
Type division and controlling factor analysis of 3rd-order sequences in marine carbonate rocks

Type division and controlling factor analysis of 3rd-order sequence are of practical significance to tectonic analysis, sedimentary environment identification, and other geological researches. Based on the comprehensive analysis of carbon and oxygen isotope trends, paleobathymetry and spectral-frequency of representative well logs, 3rd-order sequences can be divided into 3 types: (a) global sea level (GSL) sequence mainly controlled by GSL change; (b) tectonic sequence mainly controlled by regional tectonic activity; and (c) composite sequence jointly controlled by GSL change and regional tectonic activity. This study aims to identify the controlling factors of 3rd-order sequences and to illustrate a new method for classification of 3rd-order sequences of the middle Permian strata in the Sichuan Basin, China. The middle Permian strata in the Sichuan Basin consist of 3 basin-contrastive 3rd-order sequences, i.e., PSQ1, PSQ2 and PSQ3. Of these, PSQ1 is a GSL sequence while PSQ2 and PSQ3 are composite sequences. The results suggest that the depositional environment was stable during the deposition of PSQ1, but was activated by tectonic activity during the deposition of the middle Permian Maokou Formation.
Geotectonic evolution of lunar LQ-4 region based on multisource data

The Sinus Iridum region, the first choice for China’s “Lunar Exploration Project” is located at the center of the lunar LQ-4 area and is the site of Chang’e-3 (CE-3)’s soft landing. To make the scientific exploration of Chang’e-3 more targeted and scientific, and to obtain a better macro-level understanding of the geotectonic environment of the Sinus Iridum region, the tectonic elements in LQ-4 region have been studied and the typical structures were analyzed statistically using data from CE-1, Clementine, LRO and Lunar Prospector missions. Also, the mineral components and periods of mare basalt activities in the study area have been ascertained. The present study divides the tectonic units and establishes the major tectonic events and sequence of evolution in the study area based on morphology, mineral constituents, and tectonic element distribution.
Largest Ediacaran discs from the Jodhpur Sandstone, Marwar Supergroup, India: Their palaeobiological significance

Ediacaran discs from the Jodhpur Sandstone of the Marwar Supergroup, Rajasthan, exhibit a wide size ranging from a few millimetres to 75 cm in diameter. Exceptionally large size of the discs in these rocks represent the largest reported so far from any Ediacaran assemblage. Although, larger medusoid discs have been reported from USA, they are from the middle Cambrian and even younger rocks. Presence of microbial mats and weed-like structures with well preserved hold fasts and horizontal rhizome-like structures in association with some of these large-sized discs support their animal affinity, which probably feed on this weed-like vegetations. This association also supports their benthic habitat. Unlike the general trend of sudden increase in size of organisms in Ediacaran period and further decrease in size during Cambrian, these discs continued increasing in size in Cambrian also.
Petrology and SHRIMP zircon geochronology of granulites from Vesleknausen, Lutzow-Holm Complex, East Antarctica: Neoarchean magmatism and Neoproterozoic high-grade metamorphism

We report new petrological data and geochronological measurements of granulites from Vesleknausen in the highest-grade section of the Lutzow-Holm Complex, part of the Gondwana-assembling collisional orogen in East Antarctica. The locality is dominated by felsic to intermediate orthogneiss (charnockite and minor biotite gneiss), mafic orthogneiss, and hornblende-pyroxene granulite, with deformed and undeformed dykes of metagranite and felsic pegmatite. Pseudosection analysis of charnockite in the system NCKFMASHTO, supported by geothermometry of mafic orthogneiss, was used to infer peak metamorphic temperatures of 750-850 oC, approximately 150 oC lower than those estimated for metasedimentary gneisses from Rundvagshetta, 6 km to the northeast. SHRIMP U-Pb analysis of zircons from feldspar-pyroxene gneiss, which corresponds to a partially molten patch around mafic orthogneiss, yielded a Concordia upper intercept ages of 2507.9 x 7.4 Ma, corresponding to the time of formation of the magmatic protolith to the orthogneiss. Partial melting during peak metamorphism probably took place between 591 and 548 Ma, as recorded in rims overgrew around magmatic zircon. Our results suggest that Rundvagshetta-Vesleknausen-Strandnibba region in southwestern Lutzow-Holm Bay, where orthogneisses are dominant, consists of a single crustal block, possibly formed by ca. 2.5 Ga arc magmatism. The Neoarchean magmatic terrane was tectonically mingled with other fragments (such as metasedimentary units in northern Lutzow-Holm Bay) by subduction/collision events during the assembly of Gondwana supercontinent, and subsequently underwent w850 oC granulite-facies metamorphosed during Neoproterozoic to Cambrian final collisional event.
调节性T细胞在器官移植免疫耐受中的研究进展

随着器官保存技术、移植手术方式的发展及免疫抑制剂不断研发,器官移植已成为一种挽救终末期脏器衰竭患者生命的有效治疗方式.国外研究表明,目前采用的免疫抑制剂疗法并不能完全防止长期免疫进程中移植物排斥的发生,由此所致的慢性移植物失功大大降低了患者移植后的存活期限,且长期应用免疫抑制剂可导致感染、恶性肿瘤等并发症的发生率升高,因此在供体器官严重短缺的今日,如何诱导机体免疫耐受以建立长期稳定的移植物耐受状态,同时规避服用免疫抑制剂所致的不良反应成了亟待解决的问题.
Thermodynamics and kinetics of alumina extraction from fly ash using an ammonium hydrogen sulfate roasting method

A novel method was developed for extracting alumina (Al_2O_3) from fly ash using an ammonium hydrogen sulfate (NH_4HSO_4) roasting process, and the thermodynamics and kinetics of this method were investigated. The thermodynamic results were verified experi-mentally. Thermodynamic calculations show that mullite present in the fly ash can react with NH_4HSO_4 in the 298-723 K range. Process op-timization reveals that the extraction rate can reach up to 90.95% when the fly ash reacts with NH_4HSO_4 at a 1:8 mole ratio of Al_2O_3/NH_4HSO_4 at 673 K for 60 min. Kinetic analysis indicates that the NH_4HSO_4 roasting process follows the shrinking unreacted core model, and inner diffusion through the product layer is the rate-controlling step. The activation energy is calculated to be 16.627 kJ/mol;and the kinetic equation can be expressed as 1-(2/3)α-(1-α)~(2/3)=0.0374t exp[-16627/(RT)], whereαis the extraction rate and t is the roasting temperature.
Unsaturated flow and solute transport in a porous column using spherical ore particles

This paper dealt with the development of a two-dimensional (2D) mathematical model for column leaching and confirmed the important simulation parameters through experiment. The unsaturated state of the variably saturated flow column and the solute transport of copper ions were studied during leaching. The fluid flow problem was handled using the Richards equation on the premise of an ambient pressure column air, where the van Genuchten formulas were applied to define the nonlinear relationships of pressure head with the retention and permeability properties. The ore column permeability test gave a varied hydraulic conductivity, which was analyzed in the model. In the solute transport problem, the copper ion concentration was solved using the advection-diffusion-reaction equation whose reaction term was determined by the joint analysis of experimental copper leaching rate and the shrinking core model. Particle-and column-scale leaching tests were carried out to illustrate the difference and connection of copper extraction in both processes. This fluid flow and solute transport cou-pled model was determined through the finite element method using the numerical simulation software, COMSOL Multiphysics.
Effect of rare earth samarium addition on the kinetics of precipitation in Al-Cu-Mn casting alloy

The mechanical properties of Al-Cu-Mn casting alloy mainly depend on the morphology, distribution, size, and number of θ′(Al_2Cu) precipitates. In this study, we have analyzed the effect of rare earth samarium (Sm) addition on the kinetics of precipitation in the Al-Cu-Mn casting alloy by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Thermal ef-fect peaks that are attributed to the formation and the dissolution of Guinier-Preston (GP) zone and θ′phase were identified from the DSC curves. The activation energy of θ′formation was calculated by using both the Kissinger method and the analytical model, and the corre-sponding results were compared. Results suggest that the activation energy of θ′formation in Al-Cu-Mn alloy is dramatically higher than that in Al-Cu-Mn-Sm alloy. Accordingly, it is concluded that the addition of rare earth Sm decreases the activation energy of θ′formation and promotes the formation of θ′precipitates.
AtECB1/MRL7, a Thioredoxin-Like Fold Protein with Disulfide Reductase Activity, Regulates Chloroplast Gene Expression and Chloroplast Biogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana

Plastid-encoded RNA polymerase (PEP) is closely associated with numerous factors to form PEP complex for plastid gene expression and chloroplast development. However, it is not clear how PEP complex are regulated in chloroplast. Here, one thioredoxin-like fold protein, Arabidopsis early chloroplast biogenesis 1 (AtECB1), an allele of MRL7, was identified to regulate PEP function and chloroplast biogenesis. The knockout lines for AtECB1 displayed albino phenotype and impaired chloroplast development. The transcripts of PEP-dependent plastid genes were barely detected, suggesting that the PEP activity is almost lost in atecb1-1. Although AtECB1 was not identified in PEP complex, a yeast two-hybrid assay and pull-down experiments demonstrated that it can interact with Trx Z and FSD3, two intrinsic subunits of PEP complex, respectively. This indicates that AtECB1 may play a regulatory role for PEP-dependent plastid gene expression through these two subunits. AtECB1 contains а βаβaββа structure in the thioredoxin-like fold domain and lacks the typical C-X-X-C active site motif. Insulin assay demonstrated that AtECB1 harbors disulfide reductase activity in vitro using the purified recombinant AtECB1 protein. This showed that this thioredoxin-like fold protein, AtECB1 also has the thioredoxin activity. AtECB1 may play a role in thioredoxin signaling to regulate plastid gene expression and chloroplast development.
Isothermal reduction of titanomagnetite concentrates containing coal

The isothermal reduction of the Panzhihua titanomagnetite concentrates (PTC) briquette containing coal under argon atmosphere was investigated by thermogravimetry in an electric resistance furnace within the temperature range of 1250-1350°C. The samples reduced in argon at 1350°C for different time were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Model-fitting and model-free methods were used to evaluate the apparent activation energy of the reduction reaction. It is found that the reduction rate is very fast at the early stage, and then, at a later stage, the reduction rate becomes slow and decreases gradually to the end of the reduction. It is also observed that the reduction of PTC by coal depends greatly on the temperature. At high temperatures, the reduction degree reaches high values faster and the final value achieved is higher than at low temperatures. The final phase composition of the reduced PTC-coal briquette consists in iron and fer-rous-pseudobrookite (FeTi_2O_5), while Fe_(2.75)Ti_(0.25)O_4, Fe_(2.5)Ti_(0.5)O_4, Fe_(2.25)0Ti_(0.75)O_4, ilmenite (FeTiO_3) and wustite (FeO) are intermediate products. The reaction rate is controlled by the phase boundary reaction for reduction degree less than 0.2 with an apparent activation energy of about 68 kJ·mol~(-1) and by three-dimensional diffusion for reduction degree greater than 0.75 with an apparent activation energy of about 134 kJ·mol~(-1). For the reduction degree in the range of 0.2-0.75, the reaction rate is under mixed control, and the activation energy increases with the increase of the reduction degree.
Digital discrimination of neutron and γ ray using an organic scintillation detector based on wavelet transform modulus maximum

A novel algorithm for the discrimination of neutron and y-ray events with wavelet transform modulus maximum (WTMM) in an organic scintillation has been investigated. Voltage pulses arising from a BC501A organic liquid scintillation detector in a mixed radiation field have been recorded with a fast digital sampling oscilloscope. The WTMM method using frequency-domain features exhibits a strong insensitivity to noise and can be used to discriminate neutron and y-ray events based on their different asymptotic decay trend between the positive modulus maximum curve and the negative modulus maximum curve in the scale-space plane. This technique has been verified by the corresponding mixed-field data assessed by the time-of-flight (TOF) method and the charge comparison (CC) method. It is shown that the characterization of neutron and γ ray achieved by the discrimination method based on WTMM is consistent with that afforded by the TOF method and better than the CC method. Moreover, the WTMM method itself has presented its ability to eliminate the noise without any pretreatment to the pulses.
新诊2型糖尿病患者血清缺血修饰蛋白与糖化血红蛋白相关性分析

慢性高血糖的毒性作用可通过晚期糖化终产物的蓄积,毛细血管基底膜成分的改变,氧化应激反应,炎性反应等导致糖尿病性微血管病变、大血管病变的发生。糖化血红蛋白(glycosylated hemoglobin,HbA_1 c)是国际公认的衡量血糖控制水平的重要指标,且是控制及预防糖尿病并发症的评价指标。缺血修饰蛋白(ischemia modified albumin,IM A)是近年来发现的早期诊断急性心肌缺血的指标之一。研究发现与健康人相比,2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者IM A水平显著升高,且与血糖控制水平显著相关。本文就新诊T2DM人群 HbA_1 c与IM A的相关性及其影响因素进行研究,现报道如下。
临床颈淋巴结阴性甲状腺乳头状癌颈淋巴结清扫术式的分析

目的:探讨临床颈淋巴结阴性(cN0)甲状腺乳头状癌(PTC)患者颈淋巴结转移规律,为颈淋巴结清扫术式提供理论依据。方法收集该院2008年1月至2011年1月共142例cN0 PTC患者,分为高危组和低危组。术中分别对其行中央区淋巴结清扫术,根据术中快速冰冻病理结果检查,转移者进一步行侧颈清扫术,对比两组颈淋巴结转移率,并针对高危患者通过不同肿瘤部位比较各区淋巴结转移率。结果142例患者中,中央区淋巴结转移在各危险因素内部比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);高危组及低危组中央区淋巴结转移患者行侧颈清扫淋巴结转移率分别为57.1%、14.3%;高危组侧颈各分区间多重比较,Ⅱ、Ⅲ区及Ⅲ、Ⅳ区转移率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),Ⅱ、Ⅳ区转移差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。肿瘤位于不同部位各分区转移率亦有差异,肿瘤位于上极者,Ⅱ区转移率达55.6%,Ⅳ区仅5.6%,肿瘤位于中下极者,Ⅲ、Ⅳ区转移率明显高于Ⅱ区(P<0.01)。结论 cN0 PTC低危患者侧颈区淋巴结转移率低,建议仅行中央区颈淋巴结清扫。高危患者可根据肿瘤不同部位适当选择颈淋巴结清扫范围。
非编码RNA调控与中医阴阳理论

《素问·阴阳应象大论》即指出阴阳是自然界发展运动的规律,是一切事物的纲领,是万事万物变化的基础。阴阳相互作用,是促进事物发生、发展和变化的根本,是中医学传统理论的核心,中医治病求本即辨疾病变化过程中阴阳之间盛衰关系。
原发性高血压患者血清胱抑素水平及其相关性分析

目的探讨影响高血压患者血清胱抑素C(Cys C)水平的相关因素。方法2012年3月随机选取陕西眉县地区259例受试者,其中高血压患者113人,正常对照组146人,进行病史询问、血压测量、人体测量、收集血标本并检测生化指标。结果高血压患者在年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、腰围、糖尿病病史、脑卒中病史、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、血尿酸、血Cys C上高于正常对照组。偏相关分析显示,血清Cys C与年龄、血尿酸、血肌酐水平呈显著正相关;多元线性回归显示,年龄、血肌酐、血尿酸是影响血清Cys C最显著的因素。结论在无临床肾病症状的高血压患者,血清Cys C在控制其他混杂因素对其影响后与年龄、血尿酸、血肌酐水平呈显著正相关。
特发性乙状结肠破裂的临床诊治分析

特发性乙状结肠破裂又称乙状结肠自发性破裂,指正常肠管在无任何病变或外伤的情况下,突然发生破裂。该病临床少见,其确切病因目前尚不清楚。因其病理检查无特异性病变而得名。Yamazaki等首先根据乙状结肠自发破裂的好发部位提出Sudeck临界点的概念,认为乙状结肠直肠动脉和直肠上动脉之间无吻合,故乙状结肠和直肠交界处存在生理性的缺血因素。Tokunaga等报道,该病好发部位为腹膜反折附近的直肠前壁、直肠乙状结肠交界处和乙状结肠肠袢的系膜对缘。Falidas等指出,乙状结肠破裂主要病因与长期卧床、慢性便秘、滥用泻药等有关。本组患者均有影响血管和腹压的老年性基础疾病,尤其81.1%的患者都有长期便秘史。
上颈椎外伤并发腰椎间盘突出症老年患者围术期个体化康复评价

上颈椎外伤多伴随腰椎间盘突出症,从而继发压迫或刺激脊髓、神经根,引起严重预后,且复发率相对偏高。腰椎功能的降低是上颈椎外伤并发腰椎间盘突出症复发率高的主要原因。在治疗中,多采用腰椎椎间融合术治疗,但是对于围术期的康复要求比较高,需要积极恢复颈椎与腰椎的功能,提高肌肉力量、增强腰椎协调性及稳定性。在康复护理中,针对不同的患者应用个体化康复能达到改善服务质量和有效利用卫生资源的目的。同时患者及家属预知所接受的照顾,主动参与治疗护理,使患者满意度上升,有效地改善医患关系,有利于围术期颈椎与腰椎功能的恢复。本文探讨上颈椎外伤并发腰椎间盘突出症老年患者围术期的个体化康复评价。
T-SCANⅢ系统在种植义齿延迟负载设计中的临床分析

建立平衡咬合关系是口腔修复的关键环节,在种植义齿与自然牙的混合牙列中,由于种植义齿缺乏牙周膜感觉反馈的自我保护,咬合敏感性降低,咬合力易集中于种植义齿,容易受到损伤,从而导致种植义齿修复失败。建立种植义齿比自然牙延迟负载设计模式,使咬合时自然牙先接触,种植义齿再接触,以补偿种植义齿与自然牙移动度的差别,必然有助于延长种植体寿命,增进种植义齿修复效果。
丙酰左卡尼汀对酒精所致肝损伤小鼠的保护作用

目的研究丙酰左卡尼汀(PLC)对小鼠酒精性肝损伤的保护作用。方法用35°二锅头白酒(以蒸馏水稀释无水乙醇得)16 ml/kg灌胃造模,以血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)活性、山梨醇脱氢酶(SDH)活性、肝组织中还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)为指标,结合肝组织形态变化观察PLC对肝损伤的保护作用。结果PLC中、高剂量组对肝损伤小鼠血清升高的ALT、AST和SDH有降低作用(P<0.05),可显著升高肝组织中GSH和SOD的含量(P<0.05),明显降低肝组织中MDA的含量(P<0.05),肝组织变性明显减轻,肝组织结构比较完好。结论PLC对小鼠酒精性肝损伤有保护作用。
头孢三嗪对脑缺血/再灌注大鼠模型的神经保护作用

目的探讨头孢三嗪对大脑半球短期缺血/再灌注的神经保护作用。方法50只Wistar大鼠分为3组:对照组(n=10),缺血/再灌注(I/R)组(n=20),I/R-头孢三嗪组(n=20)。对大鼠进行右侧大脑中动脉阻塞(MCAO)处理,并在90 min后再通血管,制作局灶性脑缺血大鼠模型。观察I/R组及I/R-头孢三嗪组神经功能评分、梗死体积、死亡率的差异,检测脑缺血急性期与抗氧化有关的生化物质的水平。结果与对照组相比,I/R组丙二醛(MDA)水平明显增高(P<0.001),I/R-头孢三嗪组MDA水平明显低于I/R组(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,I/R组超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性明显降低,I/R-头孢三嗪组SOD活性明显升高;I/R组谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性明显降低,I/R-头孢三嗪组GSH-Px活性明显升高,且高于I/R组。I/R-头孢三嗪组神经功能评分及死亡率均优于I/R组。结论头孢三嗪能够降低MDA的过度产生,改善脑缺血后大鼠的神经功能缺损,并降低死亡率,体现了头孢三嗪的神经保护作用。
补肺颗粒对慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期患者血清炎性因子水平的影响

慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)是一种具有气流受限特征的可以预防和治疗的疾病,气流受限不完全可逆、呈进行性发展,与肺部对香烟烟雾等有害气体或有害颗粒的异常炎症反应有关[1]。COPD在全世界40岁以上人群中患病率为10%,预计到2020年其在全球各类致死性疾病排名中将上升至第3位,位居世界疾病经济负担的第5位。其发病机制与慢性气道和肺部炎症密切相关,并会由此引发全身性炎症反应。复杂的炎症网络是COPD病理过程中的关键环节,因此控制和减轻炎症反应对提高疗效具有重要意义。现代医学主要采用糖皮质激素抑制COPD患者体内存在的炎症反应。然而,在临床治疗中,皮质激素对COPD的治疗作用有限,不能减缓患者呈进行性进展的气流阻塞或降低各种炎性细胞、细胞因子或蛋白酶的表达,仅对10%的COPD患者有效,大部分COPD相关炎症对其不敏感。中医药在治疗COPD稳定期方面做过很多积极地尝试和研究,发现补肺颗粒是治疗COPD稳定期的有效药物,可以减轻临床症状,增强运动耐受能力,降低疾病影响,改善肺功能,明显提高患者的生活质量,然而其对炎症反应的作用尚不明确。本研究通过多中心、随机、双盲、安慰剂对照临床试验,重点观察补肺颗粒对COPD 稳定期患者血清中四种炎性因子即IL- 6、IL8、肿瘤坏死因子- α(TNF-α)及转化生长因子-β_1(TGF-β_1)水平的影响,从调节炎症反应的角度初步探讨其疗效的可能作用机制。
感染性休克早期容量复苏及存在的若干问题

脓毒症(sepsis)为世界性医学难题,尽管2002年巴塞罗那宣言希望将脓毒症病死率在5年内降低25%,但迄今为止,严重脓毒症(severe sepsis)的发生率及病死率在全世界范围内并未显著下降,它已成为美国居第10位的死亡原因,每年美国新发的脓毒症患者多达75万例,其中28% ~50%的患者最终死亡。因此,这一场拯救脓毒症运动(surviving sepsis campaign,SSC)远没有结束,任重而道远。其原因是多方面的,首先,脓毒症本身是一种综合征,指由感染诱发的全身性炎症反应综合征。各种疾病恶化都可以引起机体发生相似的病理生理过程,进展到严重脓毒症甚至感染性休克(septic shock),这一点决定了脓毒症在治疗上困难重重。近年来,世界各地的重症医学迅速发展,医疗机构大多建立了相应的重症监护病房,器官支持手段及医学技术的不断进步,一方面使得危重症患者得到了更好的救治,更多的患者有机会接受手术治疗;另一方面,却使得脓毒症的患者人群在扩大,更多的患者有机会发生脓毒症。此外,人口老龄化、抗生素耐药、艾滋病及肿瘤患者增多等复杂因素也可能促成了脓毒症治疗的困境。
严重创伤后多器官功能不全与T淋巴细胞变化关系的研究

严重创伤后机体免疫功能紊乱是导致创伤后多MODS及患者死亡的主要原因。深入研究创伤后的免疫功能变化,对改善患者预后具有重要意义。由于外周血中T淋巴细胞是重要的免疫学指标,故笔者重点检测其在严重创伤后的动态变化。
膨胀海绵联合自身全血及凝血酶治疗难治性气胸一例

难治性气胸是自发性气胸治疗的临床难题,部分患者不宜行外科治疗。近十年来,选择性支气管封堵术(select bronchial occlusion,SBO)作为一种新的治疗方法越来越普遍地应用于临床。曾奕明等、Watanabe等、Tmvalin等分别报道了采用自体血、支气管塞和肺减容活瓣(单向活瓣)等方法治疗难治性气胸的成功经验。我们使用气囊探查及选择性支气管自体血封堵术治疗难治性气胸,但仍有部分胸膜破口较大的患者疗效不满意,近期我们对1例难治性气胸患者采用自体血封堵同时使用膨胀海绵,疗效良好,现报道如下。
Stereotyped distribution of midbody remnants in early C. elegans embryos requires cell death genes and is dispensable for development

The midbody is a structure formed within the intercellular bridge towards the end of cytokinesis. Microtubules within this bridge are then severed on one side of the midbody during abscission, thus generating a midbody remnant in one of the resulting daughter cells. Midbody remnants persist long after cell division and accumulate preferentially in stem cells, induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, and cancer stem cells. Upon induction of differentiation, midbody remnants are degraded by autophagy or released into the extracellular milieu in some tissue culture cells, and it has been proposed that such removal is critical for enabling a differentiation program. However, the fate of midbody remnants in a developing organism remains elusive, and whether their presence plays a role in cell fate determination in vivo is not known.
Numerical Simulation of Dynamic Response of A Net Cage for Flatfish in Waves

A numerical model of flatfish cage is built based on the lumped mass method and the principle of rigid body kinematics. To validate the numerical model, a series of physical model tests are conducted in the wave flume. The numerical results correspond well with the data sets from physical model test. The effect of weight of bottom frame, height of fish net and net shape on motion responses of fish cage and tension force on mooring lines is then analyzed. The results indicate that the vertical displacements of float collar and bottom frame decrease with the increase in the weight of bottom frame; the maximum tension force on mooring lines increases with the increasing weight of bottom frame. The inclination angles of float collar and bottom frame decrease with the increasing net height; the maximum tension force increases obviously with the increase of net height.
系统性血管炎合并中枢神经系统病变和双眼视网膜动脉阻塞一例

讨论系统性血管炎是一组以多系统的血管炎症和破坏为主要病理改变的异质性疾病,它可以是一种单发疾病,也可以是某些疾病的临床表现之一。该病在临床并非少见,国外统计其年发病率接近20/100万,并有上升趋势,国内目前尚无相关统计学数据。该病临床表现多样,因受累血管的类型、部位、大小及病理特点不同而不同,主要引起血管狭窄或管壁瘤样变,如动脉受累可导致远端供血不足甚至梗死,如出现动脉瘤则可破裂出血,如静脉受累则引起远端组织血液回流不畅。如血管炎仅发生在皮肤则症状轻微预后较好,如发生在重要脏器则往往症状严重,如累及中枢神经系统则往往提示预后不良。
超声心动图A值在80岁及以上舒张性心力衰竭患者诊断中的价值

近年来舒张性心力衰竭(心衰)以其在老年人群中的高发病率,高病死率,越来越引起人们的重视,但对其诊断却一直缺乏简便、特异而有效的方法。既往人们多采用超声心动图测定舒张早期心室充盈速度最大值为(E)/心房收缩心室充盈速度最大值为(A)值,健康人E/A值不应小于1.2,舒张功能不全时E峰下降,A峰增高,E/A比值降低。通常E/A<1提示存在心室舒张功能不全,但在临床工作中却发现对于80岁及以上老人E/A 值不能很好反应心室的舒张功能,本研究旨在评价E/A值在80岁及以上舒张性心衰患者诊断中的价值。
脐血造血干细胞移植的现状

1988年10月,Gluckman等在法国巴黎圣路易医院为1例患Fanconi贫血的5岁患儿进行HLA 相合的同胞脐血移植,获得成功,由此拉开了临床脐血移植的序幕。由于脐血来源丰富,采集方便,采集过程对母亲和胎儿均无危害,不存在应用造血干细胞相关的伦理问题;脐血能耐受冷冻储存而长期保存,可随时取用;脐血受胎盘屏障的保护,不易被肝炎病毒、巨细胞病毒和EB病毒等感染;脐血中T淋巴细胞较原始,抗原表达较弱,脐血移植后移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)尤其是慢性GVHD发生率低且程度轻,但移植物抗白血病效应(GVL)却不减弱。因此,目前脐血移植已经被越来越广泛地应用于儿童及成人的恶性及非恶性血液病的治疗。由于脐血的免疫原性较弱,HLAII类抗原表达率低,几乎不产生抗体,HLA配型有1~2个抗原错配也能进行移植,几乎所有患者都能找到至少一份4~6个抗原相合的脐血。目前全球已有超过30 000例的儿童和成人患者接受了同胞或非血缘脐血造血干细胞移植(unrelated cord blood transplantation,UCBT)。
基于Quest3D的虚拟测绘实验室的设计与实现

针对测绘学科实验教学环节中存在仪器不足及容易受天气影响等问题,在研究虚拟现实技术的基础上,提出基于Quest3D 的虚拟测绘实验室的解决方案。介绍基于Quest3D的开发流程,详细说明采用3ds Max+Quest3D技术路线设计并实现测绘虚拟实验室的具体步骤。
一种改进的无人机航摄影像快速拼接方法

为提高无人机航摄影像快速拼接的速度和精度,针对无人机影像处理特点,提出重叠区分块并行处理策略;通过对不同图像分辨率和尺度下的特征匹配情况进行分析,提出分块阈值自适应调节方法来改进尺度不变特征转换(SIFT)算法;利用匹配点距离中误差进行粗差去除,获取最优随机一致性检验(RANSAC)样本,得到更精确匹配点对。试验结果证明,改进策略既可保证拼接精度,又可提高拼接效率。
肾移植受者贫血的病因与诊治策略

目前肾移植技术日臻成熟,越来越多的终末期肾病的患者选择行肾移植术.肾移植术后随移植肾功能的逐渐恢复,绝大部分患者在肾移植早期(10~ 16周)贫血即得到纠正,然而仍有少部分患者持续贫血或后期发生继发性贫血.移植后贫血(PTA)是肾移植术后常见并发症之—,也是肾移植后心血管并发症的重要危险因素之一,因此,临床肾移植医师应高度重视.PTA通常是指移植后发生的所有贫血现象,一般男性血红蛋白(Hb)<120 g/L、女性<110 g/L则视为贫血.其与移植后肾功能状况密切相关,随着术后时间的推移,移植肾功能减退,其发生率逐渐增高,据文献报道显示,受者术后1年PTA的发生率约25%.
Three-Dimensional Photon Control in Membrane-Stack Photonic Crystals

We design two novel waveguides in membrane-stack photonic crystals and obtain their dispersion characteristics by the three-dimensional (3D) plane wave-expansion method. The 3D photon control phenomena are demonstrated, In which light is incident on the crystal and is bent both horizontally and vertically. Then light is split into two and is finally emitted from the other side of the crystal. A 3D splitter is realized. We also present a nanocavity to trap photons. With waveguides of different directions and nanocavities, the arbitrary 3D photon manipulation has been demonstrated.