mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Editorial for special issue on advances in metasurfaces

Metasurface refers to a type of artificial thin film materials with sub-wavelength features that can generate the desired and/or new optical phenomena. The past decade has witnessed significant advances in the metasurface, ranging from fundamental physics to nanomanufacturing methods and practical applications. Typical research efforts include wavefront engineering and detection [e.g., Yu, Science 334, 333 (2011); Capasso, Nat. Commun. 3, 1278 (2012)], flat optics for focusing and imaging [e.g., Cappaso, Nano Lett. 12, 4932 (2012); Yu, Nat. Mater. 13, 139 (2014)], polarization manipulation [e.g., Zhan, Opt. Lett. 40, 4711 (2015); Sci. Rep. 6, 29626 (2016)], metahologram [e.g., Genevet, Rep. Prog. Phys. 78, 24401 (2015); Tsai, Nano Lett. 14, 225 (2014)], light trapping and localization [e.g., Gan, Adv. Mater. 26, 2737 (2014); Adv. Opt. Mater. 5, 1700223 (2017)], absorption engineering [Gan, Adv. Opt. Mater. 5, 1700166 (2017); Sci. Adv. 3, e1602783 (2017)], and colorimetric display. Being able to manipulate the optical properties of metasurfaces will create new regimes of optical physics and impact a broad range of photonic, energy, and biomedical technologies, including new commercial product research and development. Research and development efforts of these artificial thin film materials in promising areas continue to emerge. To capture the latest developments in this important emerging field of optics, it is our pleasure to introduce the Chinese Optics Letters Special Issue on Advances in Metasurface with contributions from scientists around the world who are active in this field.
心理剧在新护士心理适应中的应用效果

如今社会竞争日趋激烈,一个人在生活、事业上能否成功,在一定程度上取决于是否具有较强的心理适应能力。所谓心理适应能力,是指人们通过自我调节系统所做出的能动反应,使自身的行为方式和心理活动更加符合发展以及环境变化的要求,促使主体和环境能够平衡的过程[1]。新护士刚步入工作岗位,就要承受多方面压力,如学习、工作、角色转换等,因此具有良好的心理适应能力对新护士非常重要。为提高新护士心理适应能力,本研究采用心理剧的方式帮助新护士增强心理适应能力,取得了良好的效果,现介绍如下。
西医东渐视野下中医对“胰”认识的衍进

中医典籍最先涉及胰腺组织的是《难经》所述之“散膏”。明清西学东渐,催化了我国医界对“胰”的进一步认识。康熙朝满文人体解剖图谱《钦定格体全录》是首部描绘胰脏解剖结构的入华西学著作,此后合信《全体新论》、德贞《全体通考》等描述胰脏的形态、功能,产生之影响更为广泛。从散膏到甜肉,从至膵,中医对于胰的认识有着动态变化、逐步发展的过程。建议在中医传统脉络下,基于脾胃理论的整体框架,拓展胰的属性、脾胰关系、胰与命门等问题的学术研究。
循环肿瘤DNA在胃肠间质瘤诊治中的应用及意义

循环肿瘤DNA(circulating tumor DNA,ctDNA)包括肿瘤细胞凋亡和坏死释放到细胞外的DNA小片段和肿瘤细胞外渗到外周血中并发生裂解释放出的DNA。ctDNA携带一定特征信息(包括突变、缺失、插入、重排、拷贝数异常和甲基化等)在人体血液循环系统中不断流动,包含肿瘤细胞特有的体细胞突变信息。ctDNA是一种内在特异性和高度敏感的生物学标记物,在不同类型癌症病人的诊断和预后中,可以被定性、定量和追踪,其在血液中的半衰期,可实时反映肿瘤的动态变化。检测外周血ctDNA,被称为“液体活检”,是一种充满前景的人类恶性肿瘤早期诊断和预后评估的方法。与组织活检相比,检测ctDNA具有创伤小、可重复性、可克服肿瘤异质性等优点,并且很大程度上接近病理学诊断的敏感度和特异度。通过检测ctDNA中肿瘤基因组变异特征,能帮助实时动态监测肿瘤原发灶及转移复发灶基因组信息,协助早期诊断、基因分型靶向治疗、疗效监测和预后判断。近年来,ctDNA检测正逐步改变肺癌、乳腺癌、胰腺癌和黑色素瘤的临床诊断模式,给病人带来了较大的临床获益。
反复种植失败如何选择和改进实验室技术

体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)及其衍生技术目前已经广泛地应用于不孕不育症的治疗,虽然随着技术的进步成功率也越来越高,但是其胚胎种植率一直维持在20%~30%左右。2006年Margolioth等提出反复种植失败(recurrent implantation failure,RIF)的概念。关于RIF的原因和机制目前还不是特别清楚,其可能的原因主要有胚胎种植环境异常、免疫因素、胚胎因素以及实验室技术等,针对RIF的策略主要有临床策略和实验室技术改进。本文就RIF周期如何选择和改进实验室技术进行阐述。
Study of the crosstalk evaluation for cavity BPM

In order to pursue high-precision beam position measurements for free-electron laser facilities, a cavity beam position monitor (CBPM) is employed to measure the transverse position that can meet the requirement of position resolution at a sub-micrometer or even nanometer scale. However, for the pill-box cavity BPM, crosstalk between the cavities will have an effect on the accurate measurement of beam position. To reduce the effect of crosstalk on CBPM performance and ease the measurement of the isolation between the cavities, the cavities with a slight difference in resonant frequency were designed and applied in the Dalian coherent light source and Shanghai soft X-ray free-electron laser facilities. Furthermore, two methods, the principal component analysis method and the method of harmonic analysis, are proposed in this paper to evaluate the crosstalk. The results demonstrate that the two methods are feasible in evaluating the crosstalk between the cavities.
Configuration Design of an Under-Actuated Robotic Hand Based on Maximum Grasping Space

Capture is a key component for on-orbit service and space debris clean. The current research of capture on-orbit focuses on using special capture devices or full-actuated space arms to capture cooperative targets. However, the structures of current capture devices are complex, and both space debris and abandoned spacecraft are noncooperative targets. To capture non-cooperative targets in space, a lightweight, less driven under-actuated robotic hand is proposed in this paper, which composed by tendon-pulley transmission and double-stage mechanisms, and always driven by only one motor in process of closing finger. Because of the expandability, general grasping model is constructed. The equivalent joint driving forces and general grasping force are analyzed based on the model and the principle of virtual work. Which reveal the relationship among tendon driving force, joint driving forces and grasping force. In order to configure the number of knuckles of finger, a new analysis method which takes the maximum grasping space into account, is proposed. Supposing the maximum grasped object is an envelope circle with diameter of 2.5 m. In the condition, a finger grasping maximum envelope circle with different knuckles is modeled. And the finger lengths with corresponding knuckles are calculated out. The finger length which consists of three knuckles is the shortest among under-actuated fingers consists of not more than five knuckles. Finally, the principle prototype and prototype robotic hand which consists of two dingers are designed and assembled. Experiments indicate that the under-actuated robotic hand can satisfy the grasp requirements.
Life Distribution Transformation Model of Planetary Gear System

Planetary gear systems have been widely used in transportation, construction, metallurgy, petroleum, aviation and other industrial fields. Under the same condition of power transmission, they have a more compact structure than ordinary gear train. However, some critical parts, such as sun gear, planet gear and ring gear often suffer from fatigue and wear under the conditions of high speed and heavy load. For reliability research, in order to predict the fatigue probability life of planetary gear system, detailed kinematic and mechanical analysis for a planetary gear system is firstly completed. Meanwhile, a gear bending fatigue test is carried out at a stress level to obtain the strength information of specific gears. Then, a life distribution transformation model is established according to the order statistics theory. Transformation process is that, the life distribution of test gear is transformed to that of single tooth, and then the life distribution of single tooth can be effectively transformed to that of the planetary gear system. In addition, the effectiveness of the transformation model is finally verified by a processing method with random censoring data.
气相色谱测定水中19种有机氯农药

建立了毛细管色谱柱/电子捕获检测器-气相色谱法测定19种有机氯农药的的方法,相关系数R~2均在0.999以上,方法检出限为4.4×10~(-3)—1.0×10~(-2) mg·L~(-1),空白样品的加标回收率为91%—109%,相对标准偏差RSD在2.8%—6.6%.通过对萃取次数和萃取溶剂体积实验条件进行优化,测试结果均满足实验要求.
Electrical Properties of an m ×n Hammock Network

Electrical property is an important problem in the field of natural science and physics, which usually involves potential, current and resistance in the electric circuit. We investigate the electrical properties of an arbitrary hammock network, which has not been resolved before, and propose the exact potential formula of an arbitrary m ×n hammock network by means of the Recursion-Transform method with current parameters (RT-I) pioneered by one of us [Z. Z. Tan, Phys. Rev. E 91 (2015) 052122], and the branch currents and equivalent resistance of the network are derived naturally. Our key technique is to setting up matrix equations and making matrix transformation, the potential formula derived is a meaningful discovery, which deduces many novel applications. The discovery of potential formula of the hammock network provides new theoretical tools and techniques for related scientific research.
Viscosity Effects on Anisotropic Universe in Curvature-Matter Coupling Gravity

In this paper, we study evolution of the universe in the background of f(R, T) gravity using LRS Bianchi type-I model. We discuss scale factors as well as deceleration parameter in dark energy dominated era for different bulk viscosity models. The occurrence of big-rip singularity is also examined. It is concluded that expansion is faster when bulk viscosity is proportional to Hubble parameter as compared to other models.
Effects of 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate on the microbes in brown soil

The toxicity of ionic liquids (ILs) on soil organisms has aroused wide attention due to their high-solubility. The present investigation focused on the toxicity of 1-octyl-3- methylimidazolium nitrate ([C_8mim]NO_3) on the microbial populations (bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes), soil enzyme (urease, dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, and β-glucosidase) activities, microbial community diversity using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP), and abundance of the ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) genes of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) in brown soil at each trial with doses of 0, 1.0, 5.0, and 10.0 mg/kg on days 10, 20, 30, and 40. The contents of [C_8mim]NO_3 in soil were measured using high performance liquid chromatography with recoveries of 84.3% to 85.2%, and changed less than 10% during the experimental period. A significant decrease was observed from the bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes populations at 10.0 mg/kg, at which the urease activity was inhibited and the β-glucosidase activity was stimulated on days 20, 30, and 40. In addition, [C_8mim]NO_3 inhibited the dehydrogenase activity at 10 mg/kg on days 30 and 40 and the acid phosphatase activity on day 20. The diversity of the soil microbial community and the gene abundance of AOA- and AOB- amoA were also inhibited. Furthermore, the present investigation provided more scientific information for the toxicity evaluation of ILs in soil.
Regionalization based on spatial and seasonal variation in ground-level ozone concentrations across China

Owing to the vast territory of China and strong regional characteristic of ozone pollution, it's desirable for policy makers to have a targeted and prioritized regulation and ozone pollution control strategy in China based on scientific evidences. It's important to assess its current pollution status as well as spatial and temporal variation patterns across China. Recent advances of national monitoring networks provide an opportunity to insight the actions of ozone pollution. Here, we present rotated empirical orthogonal function (REOF) analysis that was used on studying the spatiotemporal characteristics of daily ozone concentrations. Based on results of REOF analysis in pollution seasons for 3 years' observations, twelve regions with clear patterns were identified in China. The patterns of temporal variation of ozone in each region were separated well and different from each other, reflecting local meteorological, photochemical or pollution features. A rising trend in annual averaged Eight-hour Average Ozone Concentrations (O_3-8 hr) from 2014 to 2016 was observed for all regions, except for the Tibetan Plateau. The mean values of annual and 90 percentile concentrations for all 338 cities were 82.6 ± 14.6 and 133.9 ± 25.8 μg/m~3, respectively, in 2015. The regionalization results of ozone were found to be influenced greatly by terrain features, indicating significant terrain and landform effects on ozone spatial correlations. Among 12 regions, North China Plain, Huanghuai Plain, Central Yangtze River Plain, Pearl River Delta and Sichuan Basin were realized as priority regions for mitigation strategies, due to their higher ozone concentrations and dense population.
Release kinetics of vanadium from vanadium (III, IV and V) oxides: Effect of pH, temperature and oxide dose

Batch experiments were performed to derive the rate laws for the proton-promoted dissolution of the main vanadium (III, IV and V) oxides at pH 3.1-10.0. The release rates of vanadium are closely related to the aqueous pH, and several obvious differences were observed in the release behavior of vanadium from the dissolution of V_2O_5 and vanadium(III, IV) oxides. In the first 2 hr, the release rates of vanadium from V_2O_3 were r = 1.14·([H+])~(0.269) atpH3.0-6.0 and r = 0.016·([H+])~(–0.048) atpH6.0-10.0; the release rates from VO_2 were r = 0.362·([H+])~(0.129) at pH 3.0-6.0 and r = 0.017·([H+])~(–0.097) at pH 6.0-10.0; and the release rates from V_2O_5 were r = 0.131·([H+])~(–0.104) at pH 3.1-10.0. The release rates of vanadium from the three oxides increased with increasing temperature, and the effect of temperature was different at pH 3.8, pH 6.0 and pH 7.7. The activation energies of vanadium(III, IV and V) oxides (33.4-87.5 kJ/mol) were determined at pH 3.8, pH 6.0 and pH 7.7, showing that the release of vanadium from dissolution of vanadium oxides follows a surface-controlled reaction mechanism. The release rates of vanadium increased with increasing vanadium oxides dose, albeit not proportionally. This study, as part of a broader study of the release behavior of vanadium, can help to elucidate the pollution problem of vanadium and to clarify the fate of vanadium in the environment.
An innovative approach to minimize excess sludge production in sewage treatment using integrated bioreactors

The present investigation deals with an application of integrated sequential oxic and anoxic bioreactor (SOABR) and fluidized immobilized cell carbon oxidation (FICCO) reactor for the treatment of domestic wastewater with minimum sludge generation. The performance of integrated SOABR-FICCO system was evaluated on treating the domestic wastewater at hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 3 hr and 6 hr for 120 days at organic loading rate (OLR) of 191 ± 31 mg/(L·hr). The influent wastewater was characterized by chemical oxygen demand (COD) 573 ± 93 mg/L; biochemical oxygen demand (BOD_5) 197 ± 35 mg/L and total suspended solids (TSS) 450 ± 136 mg/L. The integrated SOABR-FICCO reactors have established a significant removal of COD by 94% ± 1%, BOD_5 by 95% ± 0.6% and TSS by 95% ± 4% with treated domestic wastewater characteristics COD 33 ± 5 mg/L; BOD5 9 ± 0.8 mg/L and TSS 17 ± 9 mg/L under continuous mode of operation for 120 days. The mass of dry sludge generated from SOABR-FICCO system was 22.9 g/m~3. The sludge volume index of sludge formed in the SOABR reactor was 32 mL/g and in FICCO reactor it was 46 mL/g. The sludge formed in SOABR and FICCO reactor was characterized by TGA, DSC and SEM analysis. Overall, the results demonstrated that the integrated SOABR-FICCO reactors substantially removed the pollution parameters from domestic wastewater with minimum sludge production.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征相关心血管疾病超声心动图研究进展

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, OSAS)是最为常见的成人睡眠呼吸障碍。流行病学分析显示,在中年人中大约有13%的男性和6%的女性患有中度到重度OSAS。现有研究表明,其与心血管系统疾病密切相关,可能是心血管疾病发病和死亡的独立危险因素。超声心动图有可能在OSAS相关心血管病变临床症状出现前发现相关心血管结构和功能变化,具有简便易行、实时直观,无损伤和准确性高等特点,己成为临床了解OSAS患者心血管系统解剖功能病变的首选医学影像学技术方法。本文将OSAS患者心血管系统病变的病理生理机制和病理解剖改变及其超声心动图研究进展做一综述。
Liquid crystal display and organic light-emitting diode display: present status and future perspectives

Recently, ‘Liquid crystal display (LCD) vs. organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display: who wins?’ has become a topic of heated debate. In this review, we perform a systematic and comparative study of these two flat panel display technologies. First, we review recent advances in LCDs and OLEDs, including material development, device configuration and system integration. Next we analyze and compare their performances by six key display metrics: response time, contrast ratio, color gamut, lifetime, power efficiency, and panel flexibility. In this section, we focus on two key parameters: motion picture response time (MPRT) and ambient contrast ratio (ACR), which dramatically affect image quality in practical application scenarios. MPRT determines the image blur of a moving picture, and ACR governs the perceived image contrast under ambient lighting conditions. It is intriguing that LCD can achieve comparable or even slightly better MPRT and ACR than OLED, although its response time and contrast ratio are generally perceived to be much inferior to those of OLED. Finally, three future trends are highlighted, including high dynamic range, virtual reality/augmented reality and smart displays with versatile functions.
Rhythmical massage improves autonomic nervous system function: a single-blind randomised controlled trial

Background: Rhythmical massage therapy (RMT) is a massage technique used in anthroposophic medicine. Objective: The authors aimed to investigate the physiological action of RMT on the cardiovascular system by analysing heart rate variability (HRV). Design, setting, participants and intervention: This study was a randomised, controlled and single-blinded trial, involving 44 healthy women (mean age: (26.20 ± 4.71) years). The subjects were randomised to one of three arms: RMT with aromatic oil (RA), RMT without aromatic oil (RM) or standardised sham massage (SM). In the study the subjects were exposed to a standardised stress situation followed by one of the study techniques and Holter electrocardiograms (ECGs) were recorded for 24 h. Main outcome measures: HRV parameters were calculated from linear (time and frequency domain) and nonlinear dynamics (symbolic dynamics, Poincare plot analysis) of the 24-h Holter ECG records. Results: Short- and long-term effects of massage on autonomic regulation differed significantly among the three groups. Immediately after an RMT session, stimulation of HRV was found in the groups RA and RM. The use of an aromatic oil produced greater short-term measurable changes in HRV compared with rhythmic massage alone, but after 24 h the effect was no longer distinguishable from the RM group. The lowest stimulation of HRV parameters was measured in the SM group. Conclusion: RMT causes specific and marked stimulation of the autonomic nervous system. Use of a medicinal aromatic oil had only a temporary effect on HRV, indicating that the RM causes the most relevant long-term effect. The effect is relatively specific, as the physiological effects seen in the group of subjects who received only SM were considerably less pronounced. Trial registration: Registration trial DRKS00004164 on DRKS.
Detection and characterization of an isolate of Tomato mottle mosaic virus infecting tomato in China

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants exhibiting severe leaf distortion, mottle and systemic crinkling symptoms were identified in Hainan province in China in 2016. To survey and control the disease, it is necessary to identify and characterize the pathogen causing the disease. Dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that the crude saps of the infected tomato samples reacted positively with the monoclonal antibody against Tobacco mosaic virus which indicated that one or more tobamoviruses are likely associated with the disease. RT-pCR and DNA sequence analysis results further elucidated that Tomato mottle mosaic virus (ToMMV) in Tobamovirus was the pathogen causing the mottle disease in tomato. We amplified and sequenced the full-length sequence of the genome which showed the highest nucleotide identity with ToMMV YYMLJ and ToMMV TiLhaLJ isolates. The putative virus isolate was named ToMMV Hainan. Biological indexing studies showed that ToMMV Hainan can infect Nicotiana benthamiana, Capsicum annuum and Solanum lycopersicum showing serious symptoms. This was the first identification and characterization of ToMMV infecting tomato in Hainan of China.
Identification of the strain-specifically truncated nonstructural protein 10 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in infected cells

The nonstructural protein 10 (nsp10) of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) encodes for helicase which plays a vital role in viral replication. In the present study, a truncated form of nsp10, termed nsp10a, was found in PRRSV-infected cells and the production of nsp10a was strain-specific. Mass spectrometric analysis and deletion mutagenesis indicated that nsp10a may be short of about 70 amino acids in the N terminus of nsp10. Further studies by rescuing recombinant viruses showed that the Glu-69 in nsp10 was the key amino acid for nsp10a production. Finally, we demonstrated that nsp10a exerted little influence on the growth kinetics of PRRSV in vitro.
Shoot and root traits in drought tolerant maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids

This study aimed to investigate the differences in shoot and root traits, and water use and water use efficiency (WUE) in drought tolerant (DT) maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids under full and deficit irrigated conditions. A two-year greenhouse study was conducted with four hybrids (one conventional hybrid, 33D53AM, two commercial DT hybrids, P1151AM, N75H, and an experimental hybrid, ExpHB) grown under two water regimes (I_(100) and I_(50), referring to 100 and 50% of evapotranspiration requirements). Under water stress, the hybids P1151AM, N75, and ExpHB showed more drought tolerance and had either greater shoot dry weight or less dry weight reduction than the conventional hybrid (33D53AM). However, these three hybrids responded to water stress using different mechanisms. Compared with the conventional hybrid, the two commercial DT hybrids (P1151AM and N75H) had a smaller leaf area, shoot dry weight, and root system per plant. As a result, these hybrids used less water but had a higher WUE compared with the conventional hybrid. In contrast, the experimental hybrid (ExpHB) produced more shoot biomass by silking stage at both irrigation levels than all other hybrids, but it had relatively lower WUE. The hybrids demonstrated different drought response mechanisms that may require different irrigation management strategies. More investigation and validation are needed under field conditions and in different soil types.
糖尿病分层分级管理中自我管理处方应用思考

最新调查显示我国糖尿病患病率为10.4%~ 10.9%,患病人数约1.144亿,居全球第一,可见我国糖尿病防治工作十分繁重、艰巨。面对如此庞大的糖尿病人群,怎样更高效管理患者预防糖尿病的发生发展以及患者行为和自我管理能力是糖尿病控制是否成功的关键。有效的糖尿病自我管理教育与支持(diabetes self-management education and support, DSME/S)对行为改变具有重要作用,而自我管理处方既是DSME/S的实践工具,也是DSME/S的支持形式之一,随着处方的实施和改进,能将DSME/S延续并形成持续支持的行为改变闭环。 2017年12月中华医学会糖尿病学分会糖尿病教育与管理学组发布了《中国2型糖尿病自我管理处方专家共识》(以下简称《共识》),为更好地开展DSME/S和推广自我管理处方,我们建立了一个糖尿病分层分级管理路径,以便高效管理患者,优化患者的转归。
Sintering behavior and thermal conductivity of nickel-coated graphite flake/copper composites fabricated by spark plasma sintering

Nickel-coated graphite flakes/copper (GN/Cu) composites were fabricated by spark plasma sintering with the surface of graphite flakes (GFs) being modified by Ni–P electroless plating. The effects of the phase transition of the amorphous Ni–P plating and of Ni diffusion into the Cu matrix on the densification behavior, interfacial microstructure, and thermal conductivity (TC) of the GN/Cu composites were systematically investigated. The introduction of Ni–P electroless plating efficiently reduced the densification temperature of uncoated GF/Cu composites from 850 to 650°C and slightly increased the TC of the X–Y basal plane of the GF/Cu composites with 20vol%–30vol% graphite flakes. However, when the graphite flake content was greater than 30vol%, the TC of the GF/Cu composites decreased with the introduction of Ni–P plating as a result of the combined effect of the improved heat-transfer interface with the transition layer, P generated at the interface, and the diffusion of Ni into the matrix. Given the effect of the Ni content on the TC of the Cu matrix and on the interface thermal resistance, a modified effective medium approximation model was used to predict the TC of the prepared GF/Cu composites.
白念珠菌毒力因子及致病机制研究进展

白念珠菌作为条件致病真菌,其感染力受各种毒力因子及不同宿主的影响。该文将白念珠菌的毒力因子和宿主细胞作为论述对象,探究其对白念珠菌致病性的影响,并对其致病机制进行综述,为进一步开发、利用治疗白念珠菌的药物奠定理论依据。