mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Plant Nutrition for Human Nutrition: Hints from Rice Research and Future Perspectives

Both plants and humans require mineral elements for their healthy growth and development. Mineral elements in the soil are taken up by the plant roots and transported to the edible parts for human consumption through various different transporters. An ideal future crop for human health should be rich in essential mineral elements but with less toxic elements in the edible parts. However, due to the great difference in the numbers and amounts of mineral elements required between plants and humans, it is a challenge to balance plant growth and nutrient requirement for humans. In this article, we mainly focus on the transport system of mineral elements from soil to grain in rice, a staple food for half of the world's population, and discuss recent progress on the underlying genetic and physiological mechanisms. Examples are given for silicon, zinc, and iron essential/beneficial for both plants and humans, selenium and iodine only essential for humans, and toxic cadmium and arsenic for all organisms. Manipulation of some transporters for these elements, especially those localized in the node for allocation of mineral elements to the grain, has been successful in generating rice with higher density and bioavailability of essential elements but with less accumulation of toxic elements. We provide our perspectives toward breeding future crops for human health.
传承学科特色,创新学科发展--西安交通大学第一附属医院高血压团队

西安交通大学医学院(原西安医科大学)第一附属医院心血管学科创建于1951年,自学科创建初期即重视高血压的临床、研究与防治工作。20世纪80年代初,在刘治全、杨鼎颐等教授带领下率先于国内开展盐敏感性高血压发病机制、少年儿童高血压易患因素识别与防治措施研究,取得一系列瞩目的研究成果,获得国内外关注。经过多年的建设与发展,高血压专业已形成集研究、临床以及社区防治于一体,西北地区规模最大、实力最雄厚的学科之一。学科下设专科门诊、临床病房、功能检查室、实验室以及实验动物房等。目前是教育部环境与疾病相关基因重点实验室、国家卫生健康委员会(卫健委)心血管病学重点专科、国家卫健委临床药理研究机构、陕西省心血管专业重点学科、陕西省心血病临床研究中心及陕西省心血管病质量控制中心。先后主持或参与完成多项国家科技攻关项目,国家"863"、"973"、"985"重大专项课题,获国家自然科学基金项目30余项,省部级项目以及国际合作课题多项。获得国家和省部级奖8项,出版学术专著11部,发表学术论文300余篇,多次在欧、美以及亚太学术会议上报告。自1989年成为博士学位授予点以来,至今已培养毕业博士生100余名。获奖证书见图1。
基于"移动医疗"的高血压管理研究进展

高血压是严重危害人类健康的疾病。全球疾病负担研究显示心脑血管病是全球死因之首,2016年因此死亡人数达1 760万。随着我国经济快速发展,人们生活方式和饮食结构发生了巨大改变,加之人口老龄化,我国的心血管病死亡率快速攀升,占居民疾病死亡构成40%以上,其中半数以上的脑卒中和心肌梗死发生与高血压有关。基于互联网的"移动医疗"干预模式,是通过网页、电子邮件、移动终端建立患者与医疗机构之间的联系,应用于慢性疾病的预防和管理领域。现就基于移动医疗的高血压管理模式、效果、技术及应用前景作如下综述。
Vegetation dynamics of ephemeral and perennial streams in mountainous headwater catchments

Ephemeral and perennial streams of mountainous catchments in Sabaragamuwa Province of Sri Lanka and Hong Kong of China were studied for two years on vegetation dynamics.Each year, sampling was conducted during a period when ephemeral streams had low surface flows.Sampling was realized contiguously using belt transects.The standing crop biomass(hereafter biomass)of herbaceous vegetation in ephemeral channels was comparatively lower than perennials and so was the herb diversity.Herb diversity showed a peak from 1.5 to 4.5 m from the centerline/thalweg of ephemeral and perennial streams.Out of 24 herbs, only three were common for both.A peak herb biomass zone was observed in perennials in the same region where diversity peaked.In ephemerals, herb biomass increased laterally up to ~1.5 m, and was constant thereafter.Seedling experiment results tallied with the field diversity observations of both stream types, and suggested that seed dispersion was the main reason for herb colonization.Furthermore, it showed sapling emergence to be significantly higher in perennials than ephemerals.Return period of annual maximum monthly rainfall was a strong indicator of age of trees in ephemeral streams, and elucidated the possibility of hindcasting past flow episodes.Electrical conductivity was significantly high in ephemeral streams among all the water quality parameters.The contents of the water nutrients were approximately the same in both stream types.While recommending further studies on eco-hydrology of ephemerals, we recognize ephemeral streams to be valuable references in climate change studies due to their responsiveness and representativeness in long term hydrological changes.
Estimation of rainfall thresholds for shallow landslides in the Sierra Madre Oriental, northeastern Mexico

Landslides induced by prolonged rainfalls are frequent mass movements along the northeastern portion of the Sierra Madre Oriental in Mexico, causing significant damage to infrastructure.In this work, we have studied the connection between rainfall and landslides in the Santa Rosa Canyon, a catchment located in the northeastern Mexico.A landslide database triggered by major storms and hurricanes that have hit the region over the past 30 years was analyzed.A total of 92 rainfall events in the Santa Rosa Canyon were studied to determine the amount of precipitation needed to trigger shallow landslides.For each event the duration(D, in hours)and the cumulated rainfall event(E, in mm)were determined by using historical rainfall data from weather stations located near the study area.We have proposed an ED threshold for rainfall-induced landslides with durations 0.5 < D < 120 hours to address the conditions that trigger these events in the study area.On analyzing the obtained threshold, it has been established that almost 60 mm of a daily rainfall accumulation is required to trigger shallow landslides in the study area.This estimation is consistent with other calculations made for areas close to the Santa Rosa Canyon.Finally, we validated the predictive capability of the threshold with a different set of rainfall data that did not result in landslides performing a straightforward receiver operating characteristic analysis.A good approach was obtained, especially for rainfall events with daily measurements.Results could be used as input information in the design of a landslide early warning system for the northeastern Mexico, and replicated for other landslide prone areas in the region.
Optimal livelihood strategy for different poverty groups among farmers:a case study of the Qin-Ba Mountain area in South-Shaanxi,China

Achieving sustainable livelihood is the ultimate goal of poverty alleviation efforts in mountainous areas,and selecting an optimal livelihood strategy for different poverty-type farmers greatly improves farmers' livelihood capital,resists livelihood risks,and promotes sustainable development.For farmers,optimal livelihood strategy means better employment opportunities,higher family income (or better income structure),and stronger employability or development potential.This paper classifies different types of farmers' poverty on the basis of a quantitative evaluation of farmers' livelihood capital in the Qin-ba Mountain Area in South-Shaanxi by using the k-means clustering method and subsequently the fuzzy evaluation method to evaluate the effectiveness of farmers' livelihood strategies.Then,the multi-attribute decision-making model is used to analyze the selection of optimal livelihood strategies for different poverty-type farmers.The results suggest a significant difference in the selection of the optimal livelihood strategy for different poverty-type farmers.Farmers without financial and human capital choose to “go out to work,” farmers lacking natural capital choose to “acquire social insurance and government relief,” farmers without physical capital choose to “use loans,” and farmers lacking social capital choose to “use savings.” Studying the selection of optimal livelihood strategies for different poverty-type farmers can help to propose targeted sustainable livelihood optimization programs for farmers and accelerate efforts to overcome poverty in mountainous areas.
Controls on geomorphic characteristics of the Xiaohei River basin in the upper Lancang-Mekong,China

Understanding the evolution of the fluvial geomorphology in an orogenic belt provides valuable insight into the relationship between upper crustal deformation and surface processes.The upper Lancang-Mekong River is in an area experiencing both uplift and erosion.The related processes provide a steady sediment supply to the lower reaches of the river and play an important role in the regional environmental changes.The Xiaohei (Weiyuan) River Basin is an important sub-basin in this area,which is characterized by large-scale topographic fluctuations,active tectonics and erosion,and anthropogenic activities.These different factors introduce numerous complexities to the local surface processes.In this study,we investigate and quantify the controls of geomorphic evolution of the Xiaohei River Basin.We located and mapped the main knick-zones within the channels and examined the main genetic factors,such as faults and stratigraphic differences.The results show that the areas with the lowest uplift rates are characterized by a low steepness index and are located in the southeastern part of the basin.The stream power of the mainstream increases downstream,with an average value of ~122 W/m.The erosional activity of the various stream channels is intense.Overall,the basin tends to expansion,with only local instances of inward contraction.Our analysis confirms that a number of the geomorphic evolutionary characteristics of the Xiaohei River Basin are transient.In addition,the future potential for the increasing the number of dams and the hydropower development in the basin may weaken the expansion trend of the basin over a long period of time.
Multiple Non-Axially Solutions to a Mean Field Equation on S2

We study the following mean field equation $${\Delta _g}u + \rho \left( {\frac{{{e^u}}}{{{\smallint _{{{\rm{S}}^2}}}{e^u}d\mu }} - \frac{1}{{4\pi }}} \right) = 0{\rm{in}}{{\rm{S}}^2}$$ where $\rho $ is a real parameter. We obtain the existence of multiple non-axially symmetric solutions bifurcating from $u = 0$ at the values $\rho = 4n\left( {n + 1} \right)\pi $ for any odd integer $n \ge 3$.
Tunable beam deflection based on plasmonic resonators mounted freestanding thermoresponsive hydrogel

We propose and numerically demonstrate a dynamic beam deflector based on plasmonic resonator loaded thermoresponsive freestanding hydrogel that swells and collapses in water by temperature.For this purpose,we utilize four-step phase gradients mounted on freestanding hydrated hydrogel.For normal incidence,linearly orthogonal light deflects to 19.44° in the collapsed state and 14.40° in the swollen state of hydrogel.Furthermore, the light deflects at a third angle of 12.29° when the solvent changes from water to ethanol.It is expected that our metadesign will provide a platform for dynamic holography, active lensing, data storage,and anticounterfeiting.
All-optical inverter based on carbon nanotube-polyvinyl alcohol thin film

All-optical light control plays an important role in optical signal processing and communications.In this Letter,we demonstrate an all-optical inverter using carbon nanotube(CNT)-polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)thin film and obtain a long-time stable output due to the environmental insensitivity of the device.The thermo-optic effect in the CNT-PVA thin film generates a thermal lens and modifies the beam propagation in the thin film.The obtained all-optical inverter has a front(trailing)time constant of ~55 μs(44 μs)for 1550 nm signal pulses and ~7 kHz response bandwidth.
The Effect of Industrial Structure Change on Carbon Dioxide Emissions:A Cross-Country Panel Analysis

Reduction of carbon dioxide (CO_2) emissions is one of the biggest challenges for global sustainable development,in which economic growth characterized by industrialization plays a formidable role.We innovatively adopted the input and output (I-O) table of 41 countries released by World I-O Database to determine the industrial structure change and analyze its impact on CO_2 emission evolution by developing a cross-country panel model.The empirical results show that industrial structure change has a significantly negative effect on CO_2 emissions;to be specific,0.1 unit increase in the linkage of manufacturing sector and service sector will lead to a decrease of 0.94 metric tons per capita CO_2 emissions,indicating that upgrading industrial structure contributes to carbon mitigation and sustainable development.Further,urbanization,technology and trade openness have significantly negative impact on CO_2 emissions,while economy growth and energy use take positive impacts.In particular,a 1% increase in per capita income will contribute to an increase of 8.6 metric tons per capita CO_2 emissions.However,the effect of industrial structure on environment degradation is moderated by technology level.These findings fill the gaps of previous literature and provide valuable references for effective policies to mitigate CO_2 emissions and achieve sustainable development.
潜艇艇员快速上浮脱险培训中引入多媒体教学的思考

快速上浮脱险是潜艇艇员自救脱险方法之一,是20世纪60年代发展起来的一种单人脱险方法,被欧美国家广泛采用。目前,我国开展潜艇艇员快速上浮脱险培训分为训练教学和水下脱险实作两部分,其中训练教学分为脱险理论教学和脱险实操带教两部分。传统教学存在一定的局限性,影响了参训人员的知识技能掌握程度。随着计算机及网络技术的飞速发展,新型教学手段——多媒体教学应运而生,其能够对人的视觉和听觉带来强烈的冲击力,有利于营造活跃的课堂氛围并有助于学员反复观摩。因此,将多媒体教学作为传统授课的重要辅助手段引入课堂用于快速上浮脱险培训,有助于解决目前脱险培训理论教学和实操带教中的困境,提升教学训练效果。
基于SolidWorks的防爆精小型阀门电动执行器设计

依据防爆精小型阀门电动执行器的技术要求,完成了电动执行器总体方案设计和传动机构设计,选用交流异步电动机驱动,详细给出了各级传动参数。以SolidWorks软件为设计平台,完成了电动执行器的三维参数化建模和虚拟样机装配。应用Simulation有限元分析模块对电动执行器传动轴进行了静态与疲劳分析,得出了轴的静态应力、位移分析结果及使用寿命、损坏百分比情况。据所设计虚拟样机及有限元分析结果制作的实物样机用于某煤矿井下生产现场,能够准确启闭控制阀门,性能良好。
大型发电设备铁芯冲片叠装作业自动化改造研究

大型发电设备人工作业自动化改造是发电企业提高效率和核心竞争力的必由之路。针对大型发电设备铁芯人工叠装作业存在工作效率低、劳动强度大、工作环境艰苦、出错概率高等诸多问题,开展人工叠装作业自动化改造研究,以代替人工执行重复、繁重的叠装工作。详细阐述了传统人工叠装工艺和叠装自动化改造方向、过程、重难点以及主要内容。应用案例表明人工铁芯冲片叠装作业自动化改造达到叠装要求,研制的机器人叠装自动化系统在生产效率、叠装精度以及生产成本方面较人工叠装有较大的优势,提升了发电装备自动化和智能化制造水平。
基于蛇形机器人的SLAM技术研究

针对蛇形机器人特殊的运动形式和运动环境导致的里程计信息失效的问题,提出一种基于激光雷达扫描匹配的SLAM方法。该方法使用PL-ICP算法对激光雷达相邻两帧扫描数据进行匹配,获得机器人的相对位姿变换,并使用该位姿代替里程计位姿信息,以改进粒子滤波器的建议分布函数。使用ROS中的gazebo仿真插件进行仿真实验,验证了该方法的有效性。
肺癌免疫检查点抑制剂耐药现状与对策

免疫检查点抑制剂通过启动并激活肿瘤内T细胞发挥抗肿瘤作用。但免疫系统在识别和杀伤肿瘤细胞的同时,也筛选出具有逃避免疫监视能力的肿瘤细胞,这一过程称为免疫编辑,该机制不仅存在于肿瘤的自然进程,也引起免疫检查点抑制剂的原发和继发性耐药,限制了该类药物在肺癌治疗中的临床应用。肿瘤细胞的抗原负荷、抗原提呈、肿瘤微环境中的免疫细胞浸润、细胞因子分泌、血管生成、代谢因素及肠道微生物群均与耐药有密切关系。深入研究肺癌免疫编辑的细胞学和分子生物学机制,有助于更深入理解免疫检查点抑制剂耐药的过程,并制定更适宜的治疗策略。
白塞病并发主动脉瘤1例

白塞病作为一种血管炎症性疾病,全身各处的血管均可累及并引起相应组织病理变化。大小血管均可受累,但大血管病变并不常见,发生于男性者较多,并多见于静脉,发生率约为70.6%,主要表现为深静脉血栓形成,而发生于动脉的大血管病变可导致血栓形成、动脉闭塞以及动脉瘤等。然而,白塞氏病引起主动脉受累导致主动脉瘤的情况并不多见。2017年,Zhang和Zhang曾报告1例复发性胸主动脉瘤并发股动脉瘤的白塞病患者,该患者在接受了糖皮质激素及免疫抑制剂等常规白塞病药物治疗的同时还进行外科手术治疗动脉瘤,但最后死于动脉瘤复发。因此,在收治白塞病患者时,我们需要密切注意并且严格筛查患者是否并发大血管损害,若有,则需在常规药物治疗同时积极治疗血管病变,必要时可考虑手术以及介入治疗,并且在治疗后定期复查以及随访。
Vortex-Induced Vibrations of A Free-Spanning Pipe Based on A Nonlinear Hysteretic Soil Model at the Shoulders

The pipe–soil interactions at shoulders can significantly affect the vortex-induced vibrations(VIV)of free-spanning pipes in the subsea.In this paper, the seabed soil reacting force on the pipe is directly calculated with a nonlinear hysteretic soil model.For the VIV in the middle span, a classic van der Pol wake oscillator is adopted.Based on the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory, the vibration equations of the pipe are obtained which are different in the middle span and at the two end shoulders.The static configuration of the pipe is firstly calculated and then the VIV is simulated.The present model is validated with the comparisons of VIV experiment, pipe–soil interaction experiment and the simulation results of VIV of free-spanning pipes in which the seabed soil is modelled with spring-dashpots.With the present model, the influence of seabed soil on the VIV of a free-spanning pipe is analyzed.The parametric studies show that when the seabed soil has a larger suction area, the pipe vibrates with smaller bending stresses and is safer.While with the increase of the shear strength of the seabed soil, the bending stresses increase and the pipe faces more danger.
Experimental study of phase equilibria on Co-Fe-rich side of Co-Al-Fe system

Despite various studies on Co-Al-Fe ternary system, its phase equilibria are still in doubt.Phase equilibria, magnetic transition and bcc_A2/bcc_B2 order-disorder transformation at the Co-Fe-rich side of the Co-Al-Fe alloys were carefully investigated by means of electron probe microanalysis(EPMA), X-ray diffraction(XRD)and differential scanning calorimetry.The equilibrium phases and their compositions were determined by 18 alloy samples annealed at 900, 1000, 1100 and 1200 °C for 528, 336, 168 and 96 h, respectively, followed by quenching.However, by adopting the above traditional method, bcc_A2 and fcc_A1 phases are difficult to be distinguished through XRD analysis at room temperature due to the martensitic transformation of fcc_A1 phase during quenching.For this reason, high-temperature in situ XRD technique was utilized to correctly establish the phase relationships among bcc_A2, bcc_B2 and fcc_A1 phases.The phase transformation between bcc_A2 and B2 phases was determined to be second order instead of first order at temperatures higher than 900 °C.The equilibrium phases and compositions were further confirmed by fabricating 16 diffusion couples together with EPMA.Meanwhile, using three-dimensional differential scanning calorimetry method, bcc_A2/B2 and ferro-/paramagnetic transitions were determined with high accuracy.
Coordinating EV Charging via Blockchain

The increasing electric vehicle (EV) penetration in a distribution network triggers the need for EV charging coordination. This paper firstly proposes a hierarchical EV charging coordination model and an algorithm based on Lagrangian relaxation. A barrier to the implementation of the coordination algorithm is that there usually does not exist a reliable coordinator of charging stations. This paper shows that an unreliable coordinator may collude with some charging stations and behave dishonestly by disobeying the coordination algorithm. Thus, the collusion coalition can gain more profits while lowering the profits of others and the total social welfare. To provide reliable coordination of charging stations, a novel blockchain-based coordination platform via Ethereum is established, including a coordination structure and a smart contract. A mathematical analysis is given to show that the proposed platform can mitigate the collusion behaviors in the coordination. Simulation results show the consequence of collusion and how blockchain can prevent the collusion.
Optimal Low-voltage Distribution Topology with Integration of PV and Storage for Rural Electrification in Developing Countries: A Case Study of Cambodia

This paper addresses an optimal design of low-voltage (LV) distribution network for rural electrification considering photovoltaic (PV) and battery energy storage (BES). It aims at searching for an optimal topology of an LV distribution system as well as the siting and sizing of PV and storage over a time horizon of 30 years. Firstly, the shortest-path algorithm (SPA) and first-fit bin-packing algorithm (FFBPA) are used to search for the optimal radial topology that minimizes the total length of the distribution line and improves the load balancing. Then, the optimal siting of decentralized BES (DeBES) is determined using a genetic algorithm (GA) to eliminate the undervoltage constraints due to the load consumption. Two iterative techniques are elaborated to size the maximum peak power of PV and the minimum number of DeBES that can be connected to an LV network without violating the voltage and current constraints. Then, the sizing strategy of centralized BES (CeBES) is developed to avoid reverse power flows into the medium-voltage (MV) network. Finally, a Monte Carlo approach is used to study the impact of load profile uncertainties on the topology. A non-electrified village in Cambodia has been chosen as a case study.
Fast Protection Scheme for Active Distribution Networks: Breaking Chains by Utilizing Auxiliary Relays

Due to the swift expansion and the deployment of distributed generation, protection systems of active distribution networks are more expected to be fast. In loop-based active distribution networks, directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs) are caught in different chains. These chains stand as the severe obstacle to follow fast-response protection, which remains a significant challenge. In this paper, to overcome this challenge, a fast protection scheme is proposed to break the chains in the corresponding loops by deploying auxiliary DOCRs. The most effective constraint associated with each chain is relaxed during the coordination process. Then, the auxiliary relays are employed to play the backup roles instead of conventional backup relays in the relaxed constraints. To avoid the misoperation of relays in the proposed scheme, low bandwidth communication links are suitably employed. Furthermore, the auxiliary relays are optimally placed and adjusted. The proposed approach demonstrates a mixed-integer nonlinear programming model which is tackled by particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Detailed simulation studies are carried out to verify the performance of the proposed approach.
Optimal Placement and Sizing of Renewable Distributed Generation Using Hybrid Metaheuristic Algorithm

The problem of optimal placement and sizing (OPS) of renewable distributed generation (RDG) is followed by numerous technical, economical, geographical, and ecological constraints. In this paper, it is investigated from two viewpoints, namely the simultaneous minimization of total energy loss of a distribution network and the maximization of profit for RDG owner. The stochastic nature of RDG such as the wind turbine and photovoltaic generation is accounted using suitable probabilistic models. To solve this problem, a hybrid metaheuristic algorithm is proposed, which is a combination of the phasor particle swarm optimization and the gravitational search algorithm. The proposed algorithm is tested on an IEEE 69-bus system for several cases in two scenarios. The results obtained by the hybrid algorithm shows that it provides high-quality solution for all cases considered and has better performances for solving the OPS problem compared to other metaheuristic population-based techniques.
Data-driven Operation Risk Assessment of Wind-integrated Power Systems via Mixture Models and Importance Sampling

The increasing penetration of highly intermittent wind generation could seriously jeopardize the operation reliability of power systems and increase the risk of electricity outages. To this end, this paper proposes a novel data-driven method for operation risk assessment of wind-integrated power systems. Firstly, a new approach is presented to model the uncertainty of wind power in lead time. The proposed approach employs k-means clustering and mixture models (MMs) to construct time-dependent probability distributions of wind power. The proposed approach can also capture the complicated statistical features of wind power such as multimodality. Then, a nonsequential Monte Carlo simulation (NSMCS) technique is adopted to evaluate the operation risk indices. To improve the computation performance of NSMCS, a cross-entropy based importance sampling (CE-IS) technique is applied. The CE-IS technique is modified to include the proposed model of wind power. The method is validated on a modified IEEE 24-bus reliability test system (RTS) and a modified IEEE 3-area RTS while employing the historical data of wind generation. The simulation results verify the importance of accurate modeling of shortterm uncertainty of wind power for operation risk assessment. Further case studies have been performed to analyze the impact of transmission systems on operation risk indices. The computational performance of the framework is also examined.