mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Analysis of delamination in thin film electrodes under galvanostatic and potentiostatic operations with Li-ion diffusion from edge

Progressive delamination driven by Li-ion diffusion in elastic disk-like thin film electrodes of Li-ion batteries is modeled based on the cohesive model. Axisymmetric diffusion model is considered under both galvanostatic and potentiostatic operations. The effect of edge diffusion on the delamination process is evaluated. It is found that the diffusion from edge leads to an earlier delamination initiation. The edge effect is significant for active disks with a small aspect ratio, but negligible for the case of large aspect ratio. The edge diffusion is weaker in the potentiostatic operation than in the galvanostatic operation.
Pressure-sensitive plasticity of lithiated silicon in Li-ion batteries

Lithiation-induced plasticity is a key factor that enables Si electrodes to maintain long cycle life in Li-ion batteries. We study the plasticity of various lithiated silicon phases based on first-principles calculations and identify the linear dependence of the equivalent yield stress on the hydrostatic pressure. Such dependence may cause the compression-tension asymmetry in an amorphous Si thin film electrode from a lithiation to delithiation cycle, and leads to subsequent ratcheting of the electrode after cyclic lithiation. We propose a yield criterion of amorphous lithiated silicon that includes the effects of the hydrostatic stress and the lithiation reaction. We further examine the microscopic mechanism of deformation in lithiated silicon under mechanical load, which is attributed to the flow-defects mediated local bond switching and cavitation. Hydrostatic compression confines the flow defects thus effectively strengthens the amorphous structure, and vice versa.
LED光源的生物安全及其临床应用的研究进展

全球半导体发光二极管照明(light emitting diode, LED)产业在近十年来快速发展。随着LED的光效不断提升,原本用于通用照明领域的LED,在医疗领域也有着多元化发展。人们逐渐关注LED产品在使用过程中的光生物安全性及生物效应。人们评估LED产品的安全性,开拓生物医疗领域,以利用LED的生物效益提高生活工作质量。
兔椎间盘退变模型的研究进展

人类多种脊柱疾病例如颈椎病、腰椎间盘突出症等疾病的根本病理变化是椎间盘退变,但其确切病因及病理生理机制目前仍不十分清楚。因此建立椎间盘退变实验动物模型,对深入研究其病因和发生机制是十分重要也是十分必要的。自从20世纪三十年代,Lob 在损伤兔椎间盘纤维环后观察到椎间盘产生与人类椎间关节病变相似的变化,到目前为止研究者们根据不同的原理建立了多种兔椎间盘退变的模型。参考Lotz对椎间盘退变模型的分类,我们可以把已建立的兔椎间盘退变模型分为:改变力学特性模型、破坏椎间盘组织模型和其他模型,综述如下。
Improvement of short-termforecasting in the northwest Pacific through assimilating Argo data into initial fields

The impact of assimilating Argo data into an initial field on the short-termforecasting accuracy of temperature and salinity is quantitatively estimated by using a forecasting system of the western North Pacific, on the base of the Princeton ocean model with a generalized coordinate system (POMgcs). This system uses a sequential multigrid three-dimensional variational (3DVAR) analysis scheme to assimilate observation data. Two numerical experimentswere conductedwith andwithout Argo temperature and salinity profile data besides conventional temperature and salinity profile data and sea surface height anomaly (SSHa) and sea surface temperature (SST) in the process of assimilating data into the initial fields. The forecast errors are estimated by using independent temperature and salinity profiles during the forecasting period, including the verticaldistributions of the horizontally averaged rootmean square errors (H-RMSEs) and the horizontal distributions of the vertically averaged mean errors (MEs) and the temporal variation of spatially averaged root mean square errors (S-RMSEs). Comparison between the two experiments shows that the assimilation of Argo data significantly improves the forecast accuracy, with 24% reduction of H-RMSE maximum for the temperature, and the salinity forecasts are improved more obviously, averagely dropping of 50% for H-RMSEs in depth shallower than 300 m. Such improvement is caused by relatively uniform sampling of both temperature and salinity fromthe Argo drifters in time and space.
Global air-sea surface carbon-dioxide transfer velocity and flux estimated using ERS-2 data and a new parametric formula

Using data from the European remote sensing scatterometer (ERS-2) from July 1997 to August 1998, global distributions of the air-sea CO_2 transfer velocity and flux are retrieved. A new model of the air-sea CO_2 transfer velocity with surface wind speed and wave steepness is proposed. The wave steepness (δ) is retrieved using a neural network (NN) model fromERS-2 scatterometer data, while the wind speed is directly derived by the ERS-2 scatterometer. The new model agrees well with the formulations based on the wind speed and the variation in the wind speed dependent relationships presented inmany previous studies can be explained by this proposed relationwith variationinwave steepness effect. Seasonally globalmaps of gas transfer velocity and flux are shown on the basis of the newmodel and the seasonal variations of the transfer velocity and flux during the 1 a period. The globalmean gas transfer velocity is 30 cm/h after area-weighting and Schmidt number correction and its accuracy remains calculation with in situ data. The highest transfer velocity occurs around 60°N and 60°S, while the lowest on the equator. The total air to sea CO_2 flux (calculated by carbon) in that year is 1.77 Pg. The strongest source of CO_2 is in the equatorial east Pacific Ocean, while the strongest sink is in the 68°N. Full exploration of the uncertainty of this estimate awaits further data. An effectual method is provided to calculate the effect of waves on the determination of air-sea CO_2 transfer velocity and fluxes with ERS-2 scatterometer data.
Evolution and propagation of amesoscale eddy in the northern South China Sea during winter

In situ observations, satellite data, and the output from an eddy-resolving ocean circulation model were used to study the generations and propagations of an anticyclonic eddy in the northern South China Sea (NSCS) during the winter of 2009-2010. In the NSCS, the anticyclonic eddy firstly appeared to the west of the Luzon Strait,migrated generally along the continental slope and dissipated around the Xisha Archipelago. The evolution of the warmeddy contains three phases: development, maturation, and decay. The eddy mainly stayed near 119.7°E in December and then gradually moved to 118.7°E until January 15, when its intensity, as indicated by the thermocline temperature and salinity anomalies, increased significantly, reflecting the growth of the eddy. The eddy reached its peak on January 15 and persisted until February 23. During this period, the eddy propagated westward to 116.4°E. After, the warm eddy weakened significantly and dissipated finally near the Xisha Archipelago.
Geometry dependent multipacting of a superconducting quarter-wave resonator at PKU

A superconducting quarter-wave resonator (QWR) of frequency=162.5 MHz and β =0.085 (β=v/c) has been designed at Peking University. The multipacting (MP) simulation and analysis for the QWR with CST Particle Studio has been performed. The simulation results reveal that there is no sign of MP with its normal operating accelerating gradients in the range of 6-8 MV/m. The accelerating gradient range that may incur MP is from about 1.4 to 3.2 MV/m, and the places where MP may be encountered are mainly located at the top part of the QWR. So the effect of different top geometries on MP has also been studied in depth. Our results show that an inward convex round roof is better than other round roofs, and plane roofs have an advantage over round roofs on the suppression of MP in general. While considering the optimization of its electromagnetic (EM) design, our initial designed model is also acceptable.
经皮经导管射频消融去肾交感神经术治疗高血压法国专家共识(节译)

经皮经导管射频消融去肾交感神经术(RDN)是一种通过消融肾动脉外膜交感神经治疗高血压的新方法。一项随机临床试验证实其对难治性高血压患者降压效果显著。为使临床及介入医生更好地熟悉该项技术,法国高血压学会、心脏病学会、放射学会依据临床经验制定一项专家共识,以期更好地评估该技术治疗高血压的利弊。基于目前的临床研究,该项技术仅局限应用于治疗难治性高血压。后者是指已服用4种或4种以上(包含1种利尿剂)降压药物,且螺内酯剂量>25mg血压仍未达标的患者。术前患者的血压应满足:诊室收缩压≥160mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa)和(或)舒张压≥100mmHg,且经动态血压监测证实(家庭自测血压或动态血压监测示白天收缩压≥135mmHg且舒张压≥85mmHg)。该项技术要求肾动脉解剖及肾功能正常。RDN存在潜在的血管并发症,故术者需经过严格培训。由于其降压效应多延迟且在术后3月达到峰值,术后不应立即停止药物降压治疗。术后应定时随访,监测其血压、肾功能及肾动脉解剖结构。
高原低氧对高血压患者烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷磷酸氧化酶、钙/钙调蛋白激酶Ⅱ的影响

背景高原低氧条件下生物体内反应性氧族产生增加,烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷磷酸(NADPH)氧化酶作为反应性氧族产生的主要酶,在高原高血压的发生发展中具有主导作用。目的探讨不同海拔低氧对高血压患者血清NADPH氧化酶、钙/钙调蛋白激酶Ⅱ(CaMKⅡ)水平的影响。方法入选汉族原发性高血压(EH)患者175例,其中A组:居住于海拔2260~2295m患者130例,包括高血压1级(EH1)40例,高血压2级(EH2)46例,高血压3级(EH3)44例;B组:居住于海拔>3000m高血压3级(EH3)患者45例。选取同期居住在海拔2260~2295m的健康体检人群43例(对照组)。使用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法测定静脉血清NADPH氧化酶、CaMKⅡ浓度。结果海拔2260~2295m随着血压级别的增加,NADPH氧化酶水平逐渐增高,且高于对照组[EH1(331.5±83.9)、EH2(361.4±139.6)、EH3(521.9±171.4)比对照组(256.2±154.8)ng/L,均P<0.05],EH3较EH1、EH2增高(P<0.05);海拔>3000mEH3NADPH氧化酶水平较海拔2260~2295mEH3增高[(795.6±411.7)比(521.9±171.4)ng/L,P<0.05]。海拔2260~2295m:CaMKⅡ浓度EH3高于对照组、EH1、EH2[(18.2±8.1)ng/L比(5.2±3.0)、(6.3±2.2)、(6.6±3.1)ng/L,均P<0.05];海拔>3000mEH3CaMKⅡ浓度较海拔2260~2295mEH3略高,但差异无统计学意义[(22.6±8.3)比(18.2±8.1)ng/L,P>0.05]。结论高原地区高血压患者NADPH氧化酶水平高于正常人,随血压分级的增高而增高;高海拔高血压3级患者NADPH氧化酶水平高于较高海拔同级患者。
Emotional State Transition Model Based on Stimulus and Personality Characteristics

In order to use mathematical methods to study how cognitive reappraisal strategies affect the output state of emotions, Gross’s cognitive reappraisal strategy is transformed into a quantitative parameter which is propo-sed to describe the general perception of emo-tional events on the basis of the emotion regu-lation. According to Gross’s emotional reg-ulation model, the Finite State Machine (FSM) model is used for describing the process of emotional state transition and the Likert 5 grading scale is introduced to study the level of an individual’s reappraisal according to the participant’s self-evaluation. The exp-erimental results verify that the algorithm can effectively describe the relationship between the reappraisal strategy, emotional events and an emotion- generative process. There are multiple dimensions of a human’s emotional state. Thus, in the field of human-computer interaction, further research requires the development of a specific algorithm which can be implemented by a computer for the emotion regulation process.
Effect of total dissolved gas supersaturated water on early life of David's schizothoracin (Schizothorax davidi)

The effect of total dissolved gas (TDG) supersaturation on fish living downstream of dams is one of the main ecological risks of high dam construction. A strategy for mitigating the negative effects is needed urgently since many high dams are under construction in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in China. Experiments on the hatching process of David’s schizothoracin were carried out and the results show that the hatching rate decreased with increasing TDG levels, and that most eggs hatched within a very short time in the higher TDG saturation groups. By using a stereomicroscope, damages to the head, yolk sac, body, anus, etc. were found in larvae which hatched in TDG supersaturated water. Results show that the lesion rate increased with increasing TDG levels. Furthermore, 7-d-old David’s schizothoracin were exposed to TDG supersaturated water levels of 100%, 105%, 110%, 115%, 120%, 125%, 130%, 135%, and 140% for testing their tolerance to TDG supersaturation. We found that the median lethal concentrations (LC50) for 13, 14, 20, 35, 52, 73, and 96 h exposure were 138%, 138%, 134%, 130%, 129%, 128%, and 126%, respectively. The median lethal times (LT50) were 7.49, 11.04, 19.25, and 35.38 h for exposure to water with TDG levels of 145%, 140%, 135%, and 130%, respectively.
胃癌根治术后早期肠内外营养应用的比较研究

胃癌是目前消化系统发病率最高的恶性肿瘤,患病后最容易出现恶病质。大部分患者存在不同程度的营养不良并有进行性体质量下降,占50%左右,这也是胃癌患者死亡的主要原因。胃癌根治术是治疗胃癌的最主要方法,但由于手术创伤、禁食、胃肠道多处吻合口以及消化道重建等原因,严重干扰了患者的消化吸收功能,导致患者处于高分解代谢、低合成代谢状态,因而术后常需要积极的营养支持治疗。胃癌患者术后营养支持治疗的方式分为肠内营养(enteral nuitrition,EN)和肠外营养(parenteral nuitrition,PN)两种。EN 与PN 在临床应用中,哪一种方式更合适,更利于营养物质的吸收,更能促进患者的康复,更符合快速康复外科理念,本文对40例胃癌根治手术患者术后早期肠内外营养进行比较,现报道如下。
Mycophenolic acid derivative 118 improves outcome of skin grafts by suppressing IL-17 production

Aim: To investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of 118, a novel derivative of mycophenolic acid, in a murine allogeneic skin graft model. Methods: Skin grafts were conducted by grafting BALB/c donor tail skin into C57BL/6 skin beds (allograft) or by grafting female C57BL/6 donor tail skin into female C57BL/6 skin beds (syngraft). The mice were treated with the derivative 118 (40 mg·kg~(-1)d·~(-1), po) for 13 d (3 d before and 10 d after transplantation). Skin grafts, splenocytes and graft-infiltrated lymphocytes were isolated and exam- ined ex vivo. The effects of the derivative 118 on naive CD4~+ T cell differentiation were examined in vitro. Results: Treatment with the derivative 118 dramatically increased the survival rate of murine allogeneic skin grafts. Flow cytometric analysis and H&E staining showed that the derivative significantly decreased inflammatory cell infiltration into the grafts. The levels of the chemokines CXCL1, CXCL2, CCL7, and CCL2 were reduced in the derivative 118-treated grafts. Additionally, the derivative 118 significantly suppressed the IL-17 levels in the grafts but did not affect the differentiation of systemic helper T cells in the murine allogeneic skin graft model. Furthermore, IL-23p19 expression was suppressed in the grafts from the derivative 118-treated group, which might be due to decreases in TLR4 and MyD88 expression. Finally, the derivative 118 did not exert direct influences on helper T cell differentiation in vitro. Conclusion: Treatment with the mycophenolic acid derivative 118 improves murine allogeneic skin grafts by decreasing IL-23 expres- sion and suppressing local IL-17 secretion in the grafts, rather than directly inhibiting Th17 differentiation.
Inside job: ligand-receptor pharmacology beneath the plasma membrane

Most drugs acting on the cell surface receptors are membrane permeable and thus able to engage their target proteins in different subcellular compartments. However, these drugs' effects on cell surface receptors have historically been studied on the plasma membrane alone. Increasing evidence suggests that small molecules may also modulate their targeted receptors through membrane trafficking or organelle-localized signaling inside the cell. These additional modes of interaction have been reported for functionally diverse ligands of GPCRs, ion channels, and transporters. Such intracellular drug-target engagements affect cell surface expression. Concurrent intracellular and cell surface signaling may also increase the complexity and therapeutic opportunities of small molecule modulation. Here we discuss examples of ligand-receptor interactions that are present in both intra- and extracellular sites, and the potential therapeutic opportunities presented by this phenomenon.
胎儿心脏横纹肌瘤尸检2例报道

胎儿心脏横纹肌瘤(FCR)多发生于<1岁的胎婴儿,十分少见。本文报道2例胎儿尸体解剖时发现的FCR,并结合文献探讨该肿瘤的病变特点、诊断和鉴别诊断及预后等。
Regional Distribution and Sustainable Development Strategy of Mineral Resources in China

This paper summarizes the distribution and production layout of the major mineral resources in China,including coal,iron ore,copper and bauxite,from a national perspective.It also identifies the incompatibility between the mineral resources distribution and regional economic development.Significant issues with China’s mineral resource industry cause challenges for the sustainable development of both the mining industry and the national socio-economy.The sustainability of regional mineral resources and the environmental pollution by mining in the western China were also analyzed.Results show that the distribution of China’s mineral resources is misaligned with its regional layout of economic development.China’s mineral resources have been over-exploited,and the mineral resources production in the eastern China is unsustainable.The continuously expanding production of mineral resources in the western China has heavily endangered the ecological environment.We propose strategies to boost the sustainable development of mineral resources,including measures to accelerate economic development and enhance the sustainability of domestic mineral resources.We also offer suggestions for scientifically planning the mineral resource prospecting and exploitation and regional economic layout,as well as for proactively undertaking industry transfer in the eastern China and raising the environmental benchmark requirements for the mineral industry in the central and western China.
Land Use Regionalization of Rural Settlements in China

This paper compartmentalizes regional land use of rural settlements in China by employing a hierarchical clustering method.The statistic data are sourced from the National Bureau of Statistics of China(NBSC) and the data of land use change from the Ministry of Land and Resources of China(MLRC).The population of rural settlement decreases from the southeast to the northwest of China and the density of rural settlement decreases from the east to the west of China.Land-use scale of rural settlement,the proportion of one-storey houses and the average household area decrease from the north to the south of China.The ratio of area of cultivated land to rural settlement is high in the northeast and southwest of China but low in the southeast of China.The land use regionalization of rural settlement can be divided into four regions,namely:the northern region of China,Qinghai-Tibet,Yunnan-Guizhou,and the middle and eastern region of China.The northern region of China and the middle and eastern region of China can be further divided into nine sub-regions:Xinjiang,Northeast China,Ningxia and Inner Mongolia,North China,the south of the Changjiang(Yantze) River and Sichuan Basin,Jiangsu-Shanghai,South China,the Loess Plateau,and Guangxi.In consideration of the significant regional differences,it is proposed that different policies should be implemented regarding the utilization and management of rural settlements.
A Review on Rill Erosion Process and Its Influencing Factors

Rills are frequently observed on slope farmlands and rill erosion significantly contributes to sediment yields. This paper focuses on reviewing the various factors affecting rill erosion processes and the threshold conditions of rill initiation. Six factors, including rainfall, runoff, soil, topography, vegetation and tillage system, are discussed. Rill initiation and network are explored. Runoff erosivity and soil erodibility are recognized as two direct factors affecting rill erosion and other types of factors may have indirect influences on rill erosion through increasing or decreasing the effects of the direct factors. Certain conditions are necessary for rill initiation and the critical conditions are different with different factors. Future studies should be focused on 1) the dynamic changes of rill networks; 2) the combined effect of multiple factors; and 3) the relationships of threshold values with other related factors.
Lysine-specific Demethylase 1 Represses THP-1 Monocyte-to-macrophage Differentiation

Objective To investigate the role of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) in the process of THP-1 monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation. Methods Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting were performed to analyze the expression of LSD1 and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in THP-1 monocytes and THP-1-derived macrophages. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay was applied to detect the occupancy of LSD1 and H3K4 methylation at IL-6 promoter during THP-1 monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation. IL-6 mRNA level and H3K4 methylation at IL-6 promoter were analyzed using qRT-PCR and ChIP assay in LSD1-knockdown THP-1 cells treated with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) for 0, 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours. Fluorescence activated flow cytometry was performed to reveal the percentage of macrophages differentiated from THP-1 monocytes. Results The expression of LSD1 reduced during THP-1 monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation (P<0.01). LSD1 occupancy decreased and H3K4 methylation increased at IL-6 promoter during the differentiation. With knockdown of LSD1, H3K4 methylation at IL-6 promoter was found increased after TPA treatment at different times points (all P<0.05, except 24 hours). The percentage of macrophages increased significantly in the THP-1 cells with LSD1 knockdown (P<0.05). Conclusions LSD1 is repressed during the monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation of THP-1 cells. Suppression of LSD1-mediated H3K4 demethylation may be required for THP-1 monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation.
Using lysosomal membrane stability of haemocytes in Ruditapes philippinarum as a biomarker of cellular stress to assess contamination by caffeine, ibuprofen, carbamazepine and novobiocin

Although pharmaceuticals have been detected in the environment only in the range from ng/L to μg/L, it has beendemonstrated that they can adversely affect the health status of aquatic organisms. Lysosomal membrane stability (LMS) has previously been applied as an indicator of cellularwell-being todetermine health status in bivalve mussels. The objective of this study is to evaluate LMS in Ruditapes philippinarum haemolymph using the neutral red retention assay (NRRA). Clamswere exposed in laboratory conditions to caffeine (0.1, 5, 15, 50 μg/L), ibuprofen (0.1, 5, 10, 50 μg/L), carbamazepine and novobiocin (both at 0.1, 1, 10, 50 μg/L) for35days. Results show adose-dependent effect of the pharmaceuticals. The neutral red retention time measured at the end of the bioassaywas significantly reduced by 50% after exposure to environmental concentrations (p < 0.05) (caffeine = 15 μg/L; ibuprofen = 10 μg/L; carbamazepine = 1 μg/L and novobiocin = 1 μg/L), compared to controls. Clams exposed to these pharmaceuticalswere considered to present adiminished health status (retention time <45 min), significantlyworse than controls (96 min) (p < 0.05). The predicted no environmental effect concentration (PNEC) results showed that these pharmaceuticals are very toxic at the environmental concentrations tested. Measurement of the alteration of LMS has been found to be a sensitive technique that enables evaluation of the health status of clams after exposure to pharmaceuticals under laboratory conditions, thus representing a robust Tier-1 screening biomarker.
Anomaly Models of Spatial Structures for Copper-Molybdenum Ore Deposits and their Application

This paper discusses the enrichment and depletion regularities for porphyry copper-molybdenum ore deposits in different regions and varied deposit genetic types in the same area, taking three porphyry copper-molybdenum ore deposits (i.e., the Chengmenshan in Jiangxi, Wunugetushan in Inner Mongolia, Baishantang in Gansu) and two copper deposits in Gansu Province (the Huitongshan skarn deposit and Gongpoquan composite deposit) as case studies. The results show that porphyry Cu-Mo deposits or skarn copper deposits include both enrichment of the ore-forming elements and associated elements, and depletion of some lithophile dispersed elements, rare earth elements (REE) and some major elements. And the depleted elements vary with deposits, having generality and their own features. On a deposit scale, the positive anomalies of enriched elements and negative anomalies of depleted elements follow in a sequence to comprise regular anomaly models of spatial structures. The exploration in the Tongchang deposit in Jiangxi and Huitongshan deposit in Gansu suggests that anomaly models play a key role in the identification of mineral occurrences and deposits compared to one single enriched element anomaly. And the anomaly models exert a critical effect on the optimization of prospecting targets and their potential evaluation.