mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Pharmacologically inhibiting phosphoglycerate kinase 1 for glioma with NG52

Inhibition of glycolysis process has been an attractive approach for cancer treatment due to the evidence that tumor cells are more dependent on glycolysis rather than oxidative phosphorylation pathway. Preliminary evidence shows that inhibition of phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) kinase activity would reverse the Warburg effect and make tumor cells lose the metabolic advantage for fueling the proliferation through restoration of the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity and subsequently promotion of pyruvic acid to enter the Krebs cycle in glioma. However, due to the lack of small molecule inhibitors of PGK1 kinase activity to treat glioma, whether PGK1 could be a therapeutic target of glioma has not been pharmacologically verified yet. In this study we developed a high-throughput screening and discovered that NG52, previously known as a yeast cell cycle-regulating kinase inhibitor, could inhibit the kinase activity of PGK1 (the IC_(50) = 25 ± 0.2 µM). We showed that NG52 dose-dependently inhibited the proliferation of glioma U87 and U251 cell lines with IC_(50) values of 7.8 ± 1.1 and 5.2 ±0.2 µM, respectively, meanwhile it potently inhibited the proliferation of primary glioma cells. We further revealed that NG52 (12.5-50 µM) effectively inhibited the phosphorylation of PDHK1 at Thr338 site and the phosphorylation of PDH at Ser293 site in U87 and U251 cells, resulting in more pyruvic acid entering the Krebs cycle with increased production of ATP and ROS. Therefore, NG52 could reverse the Warburg effect by inhibiting PGK1 kinase activity, and switched cellular glucose metabolism from anaerobic mode to aerobic mode. In nude mice bearing patient-derived glioma xenograft, oral administration of NG52 (50, 100, 150 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1), for 13 days) dose-dependently suppressed the growth of glioma xenograft. Together, our results demonstrate that targeting PGK1 kinase activity might be a potential strategy for glioma treatment.
Empowering perovskite PbTiO_3 nanoparticles with enhanced up-conversion luminescence and thermal sensitivity by introducing Er~(3+)dopant

Up-convertion(UC)perovskite Er~(3+)-doped PbTiO_3(Er-PTO)nanoparticles with green and red emissions were synthesized via the hydrothermal method. The UC properties were manipulated by adjusting the concentration of Er~(3+)ions dopant. The green emission intensity was decreased as the doping concentration increased from 1% to 4%(mole fraction), whereas the red emission intensity was increased. The influences of Er~(3+)ions on the temperature-sensing performance were further investigated. The results demonstrated that Er-PTO nanoparticles with doping 1% Er~(3+)ions possessed a sensitivity of 3.1 × 10~(-3) K~(-1) at 475 K, presenting a high potential in optical heating devices.
Upgrading Siberian(Russia)crude oil by hydrodesulfurization: Kinetic parameter estimation in a trickle-bed reactor

Hydrodesulfurization(HDS)of sour crude oil is an effective way to address the corrosion problems in refineries and is an economic way to process sour crude oil in an existing refinery built for sweet oil. Siberian crude oil transported through the Russia-China pipeline could be greatly sweetened and could be refined directly in local refinery designed for Daqing crude oil after the effective HDS treatment. In this study, the HDS of Siberian crude oil was carried out in a continuous flow isothermal trickle-bed reactor over Ni-Mo/γ-Al_2O_3. The effects of temperature, pressure and LHSV were investigated in the ranges of 320-360 °C, 3-5MPa and 0.5-2 h~(-1), keeping constant hydrogen to oil ratio at 600 L·L~(-1). The HDS conversion could be up to 92.89% at the temperature of 360 °C, pressure of 5 MPa, and LHSV of 0.5 h~(-1), which is sufficient for local refineries(>84%). A three phase heterogeneous model was established to analyze the performance of the trickle-bed reactor based on the two-film theory using Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism. The order of sulfur component is estimated as 1.28, and the order of hydrogen is 0.39. By simulating the reactor using the established model, the concentration of H_2, H_2S and sulfur along the catalyst bed is discussed. The model is significantly useful for industrial application with respect to reactor analysis, optimization and reactor design, and can provide further insight of the HDS of Siberian crude oil.
Using expansion units to improve CO_2 absorption for natural gas purification-A study on the hydrodynamics and mass transfer

The usage of capillary tubes for CO_2 absorption suffers from small residence time, which leads to reduced performance for large throughput. This work presents a method of connecting expansion units to capillary tubes to serve as a residence time delayer. The effect of the expansion unit on gas-liquid hydrodynamics, pressure drop and mass transfer coefficient(k_La)are investigated under various operating pressures up to 4.0 MPa, for both physical and chemical absorption.A novel periodic jetting flowis found in the expansion unit,which can intensify the CO_2 absorption. Experimental results show that the strategy can significantly decrease the pressure drop whilemaintaining the absorption performance to a large extent. The overall kLa for physical and chemical absorption are correlated to pressure drop, respectively. Besides, CO_2 loading in rich absorbents increases dramatically compared to literature studies with only micromixers or capillary tubes,which is beneficial to regenerate solvent. The study verifies the concept that pre-treatmentwithwater can largely reduce the usage of amines, and can also provide a guide for process design in natural gas purification such as biogas recovery.
Diurnal Variations of Precipitation over the Steep Slopes of the Himalayas Observed by TRMM PR and VIRS

This study investigates diurnal variations of precipitation during May–August, 1998–2012, over the steep slopes of the Himalayas and adjacent regions (flat Gangetic Plains–FGP, foothills of the Himalayas–FHH, the steep slope of the southern Himalayas–SSSH, and the Himalayas-Tibetan Plateau tableland–HTPT). Diurnal variations are analyzed at the pixel level utilizing collocated TRMM precipitation radar and visible infrared data. The results indicate that rain parameters (including rain frequency, rain rate, and storm top altitude) are predominantly characterized by afternoon maxima and morning minima at HTPT and FGP, whereas, maximum rain parameters at FHH typically occur in the early morning. Rain parameters at SSSH are characterized by double peaks; one in the afternoon and one at midnight. Over HTPT and FGP, convective activity is strongest in the afternoon with the thickest crystallization layer. Over FHH, the vertical structure of precipitation develops most vigorously in the early morning when the most intense collision and growth of precipitation particles occurs. Over SSSH, moist convection is stronger in the afternoon and at midnight with strong mixing of ice and water particles. The results of harmonic analysis show that rain bands move southward from lower elevation of SSSH to FHH with apparent southward propagation of the harmonic phase from midnight to early morning. Moreover, the strongest diurnal harmonic is located at HTPT, having a diurnal harmonic percentage variance of up to 90%. Large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns exhibit obvious diurnal variability and correspond well to the distribution of precipitation.
膜间栽培对不同地区当归产量及阿魏酸含量的影响

目的探讨膜间栽培在不同地区当归种植中的适宜性,为当地推广该栽培模式提供参考。方法在甘肃、青海7个县区分别开展当归栽培试验,设置大田小区,以小区产量折算当归平均亩产;采用HPLC法测定阿魏酸含量,分析膜间栽培与露地平栽、膜上栽培当归产量及阿魏酸含量的差异。结果甘肃岷县、临洮县、青海湟中县、民和县4个试区膜间栽培当归产量及阿魏酸含量均显著高于其余两种栽培模式;甘肃漳县、青海互助县、湟源县3个试区膜间栽培可提高当归产量,但阿魏酸含量增幅较膜上栽培不明显。结论甘肃岷县、临洮县、青海湟中县、民和县当归生产中可大力推广膜间栽培技术。
SLC6A5基因突变引起过度惊吓反应症患儿1例的临床与遗传学分析

过度惊吓反应症(hyperekplexia)是一种相对罕见的遗传性神经系统疾病,也称为遗传性惊吓病(hereditary startle disease)。该病于1958年首次由Kirstein和Silfverskiold报告。1993年第1个遗传性过度惊跳相关基因GLRA1被发现,随后陆续发现了甘氨酸转运蛋白2(SLC6A5)及甘氨酸受体β亚基因(GLRB)等基因。本病的主要特点为对意外的不能预期的听觉、视觉或触觉刺激产生过度惊吓反应,进而出现短暂的全身僵硬。发病可从新生儿期开始,表现为肌张力增高、肌肉僵直,严重时可致窒息,年长儿主要表现为惊吓后反复摔倒。该病是一种可治疗的遗传性疾病,氯硝西泮疗效最佳。截至目前为止,世界范围内已报告200余例,国内首例于1995年张蔚等首次报告,至今国内期刊报道病例少见。由于临床医生对本病认识不足,患儿极易被误诊为癫痫,而难以得到正确的治疗。现对我科诊断1例SLC6A5基因导致的过度惊吓反应症的临床特征及基因特点进行分析,并对国内外文献进行复习,以期早期诊断,早期治疗,提高预后。
胰岛素基因R46Q突变导致青少年的成人起病型糖尿病一个家系分析

本文报道1个经基因检测确诊为青少年起病的成人型糖尿病(MODY)10型家系。提取先证者外周血DNA,进行特殊类型糖尿病检测包的二代测序。将基因检测结果与遗传学数据库比对,从而发现可疑致病突变,并对先证者亲属相应位点进行Sanger测序验证,结果发现先证者及其两名家系成员于胰岛素基因第2外显子区域发生错义突变c.137G>A(p.R46Q),未检测到该位点突变的家系成员未发病。对先证者及其家系成员的临床资料,包括胰岛β细胞功能评估、并发症及合并症筛查、血糖控制情况等进行分析,并通过文献检索总结国内外已报道的MODY10的临床特点及分子机制。
适宜机械化栽培的水稻品种筛选研究

选取16个湖北主推水稻品种,采用机械育苗栽插的方式,通过测定产量、抗倒伏性、穗发芽、落粒性和新根数等指标,并采用综合评分的方式对参试品种进行机械化栽培适应性评价。结果显示,在本研究条件下,综合评分≥ 90分的有晶两优华占和隆两优华占等2个品种,机械化适宜程度判定为非常适合;综合评分≥ 80分的有天优华占、C两优华占、两优2016、荃优华占、全两优鄂丰丝苗、川优5108、巨2优60、鄂中5号等8个品种,机械化适宜程度判定为适合;综合评分< 80分的有两优98816、渝优1号、美香新占、鄂糯9号、Y两优900、赣优735等6个品种,机械化适宜程度判定为谨慎使用,或者使用时需采取针对性措施。本研究为建立适宜机械化水稻品种筛选体系打下基础,为湖北水稻机械化生产者提供参考。
基于网络药理学探讨白芍治疗贫血的机制

目的基于网络药理学探讨白芍治疗贫血的作用机制。方法通过TCMSP数据库找出白芍主要化学成分,查阅文献进行补充,筛选出候选药效成分,采用Swiss TargetPrediction和Stitch预测与药效成分相关的生物大分子,收集DrugBank上已有的靶点,并利用GeneCards等数据库获取与贫血相关的靶标,筛选出两者之间的共有靶点,选择关键靶点进行GO富集及KEGG分析,分子对接验证网络分析结果。结果白芍主要化学成分有85种,筛选后获得核心靶点14个, TNF、MAKP8、IL-6等可能为关键靶点;生物功能43个,涉及生物合成与代谢、细胞增殖与凋亡、信号通路正/负调节等;通路10个,糖尿病AGE-RAGE信号通路、IL-17信号通路、TNF信号通路等可能为关键通路,百日咳、乙型肝炎等疾病也可能间接影响贫血的过程;分子对接表明白芍多数成分与核心靶点具有较好的对接能力,说明预测结果具有一定的可靠性。结论本研究初步探讨白芍治疗贫血的潜在活性成分和可能的作用机制,可为深入考察其药效物质基础和作用机制提供理论依据。
丹参-红花药对对心肌缺血大鼠CYP450酶活力和mRNA表达的影响

目的探讨丹参-红花药对对心肌缺血大鼠CYP450酶活力和mRNA表达的影响。方法大鼠随机分为模型组、空白对照组、丹参-红花(3 ∶ 1)组、丹参-红花(2 ∶ 1)组、丹参-红花(1 ∶ 1)组,连续给药15 d后麻醉大鼠,取出肝脏,每组10只用于检测3种探针底物的浓度,其余10只用于实时荧光定量PCR(RT-PCR)测定CYP_1A_2、 CYP_2E_1和CYP_3A_2 mRNA表达。结果与模型组相比,丹参-红花药对(3 ∶ 1, 2 ∶ 1)组大鼠非那西丁、氯唑沙宗、咪达唑仑的代谢消除率降低(P<0.05);与空白组比较,模型组大鼠CYP_1A_2、CYP_2E_1和CYP_3A_2 mRNA表达水平升高(P<0.05)。与模型组相比,丹参-红花药对(3 ∶ 1, 2 ∶ 1)组大鼠CYP_1A_2、CYP_2E_1和CYP_3A_2 mRNA表达水平降低(P<0.05)。结论丹参-红花药对(3 ∶ 1, 2 ∶ 1)可下调模型大鼠CYP_1A_2、CYP_2E_1和CYP_3A_2 mRNA表达,显著抑制酶活力,在3 ∶ 1比例下作用最强。
葛根标准汤剂制备工艺的优化

目的优化葛根标准汤剂制备工艺。方法以加水量、浸泡时间、煎煮时间为影响因素, 3′-羟基葛根素、葛根素、3′-甲氧基葛根素、葛根素芹菜糖苷、大豆苷、染料木苷、芒柄花苷含量的综合评分为评价指标,层次分析法结合响应面法优化制备工艺。结果最佳条件为药材浸泡40 min后加9倍量水煎煮2次,每次35 min,综合评分为0.594。结论该方法合理可行,不仅可规范葛根临床使用、工业生产、产品开发,还能为其他解表药标准汤剂的制备工艺提供理论依据。
艾滋病合并小肠间质瘤伴肝转移一例

临床上艾滋病合并小肠间质瘤较为少见。本例艾滋病合并小肠间质瘤伴肝转移患者因"腹痛半个月"就诊,腹部影像学检查示右中下腹部有团块,肝穿刺病理检查示梭形细胞瘤,间质瘤转移首先考虑。予高效抗反转录病毒治疗和伊马替尼靶向治疗,后因经济原因未继续治疗。
从0到1:异源四倍体野生稻从头驯化创造全新作物

2021年2月3日,Cell杂志在线发表了李家洋院士团队关于四倍体野生稻从头驯化的重大突破性进展。该团队绘制了四倍体野生稻从头驯化路线图,与合作者经过多年攻关,突破了一系列限制多倍体野生稻驯化的理论难题和技术瓶颈,综合运用多维组学和基因编辑技术实现了野生四倍体水稻的从头驯化,创造了世界首例重新设计与快速驯化的四倍体水稻,将过去的“不可能”变成了现在的“一切皆有可能”。该研究突破了现有二倍体水稻作物的育种局限,实践了从0到1的突破性创新,为遗传背景复杂的野生植物重新驯化提供了范例和解决方案,将引领未来作物创造,翻开生物育种新篇章。
Correlating the interplanetary factors to distinguish extreme and major geomagnetic storms

We investigate the correlation between Disturbance Storm Time(Dst)characteristics and solar wind conditions for the main phase of geomagnetic storms,seeking possible factors that distinguish extreme storms(minimum Dst <-250 nT)and major storms(minimum Dst <-100 nT).In our analysis of 170 storms,there is a marked correlation between the average rate of change of Dst during a storm's main phase(ΔDst/Δt)and the storm's minimum Dst,indicating a faster ΔDst/Δt as storm intensity increases.Extreme events add a new regime to ΔDst/Δt,the hourly time derivative of Dst(dDst/dt),and sustained periods of large amplitudes for southward interplanetary magnetic field B_z and solar wind convection electric field Ey.We find that Ey is a less efficient driver of dDst/dt for extreme storms compared to major storms,even after incorporating the effects of solar wind pressure and ring current decay.When minimum Dst is correlated with minimum B_z,we observe a similar divergence,with extreme storms tending to have more negative Dst than the trend predicted on the basis of major storms.Our results enable further improvements in existing models for storm predictions,including extreme events,based on interplanetary measurements.
Three-dimensional frequency-domain full waveform inversion based on the nearly-analytic discrete method

The nearly analytic discrete(NAD)method is a kind of finite difference method with advantages of high accuracy and stability.Previous studies have investigated the NAD method for simulating wave propagation in the time-domain.This study applies the NAD method to solving three-dimensional(3D)acoustic wave equations in the frequency-domain.This forward modeling approach is then used as the "engine" for implementing 3D frequency-domain full waveform inversion(FWI).In the numerical modeling experiments,synthetic examples are first given to show the superiority of the NAD method in forward modeling compared with traditional finite difference methods.Synthetic 3D frequency-domain FWI experiments are then carried out to examine the effectiveness of the proposed methods.The inversion results show that the NAD method is more suitable than traditional methods,in terms of computational cost and stability,for 3D frequency-domain FWI,and represents an effective approach for inversion of subsurface model structures.
Extraordinary evanescent field confinement waveguide sensor for mid-infrared trace gas spectroscopy

Nanophotonic waveguides are at the core of a great variety of optical sensors.These structures confine light along defined paths on photonic chips and provide light-matter interaction via an evanescent field.However,waveguides still lag behind free-space optics for sensitivity-critical applications such as trace gas detection.Short optical pathlengths,low interaction strengths,and spurious etalon fringes in spectral transmission are among the main reasons why on-chip gas sensing is still in its infancy.In this work,we report on a mid-infrared integrated waveguide sensor that successfully addresses these drawbacks.This sensor operates with a 107% evanescent field confinement factor in air,which not only matches but also outperforms free-space beams in terms of the per-length optical interaction.Furthermore,negligible facet reflections result in a flat spectral background and record-low absorbance noise that can finally compete with free-space spectroscopy.The sensor performance was validated at 2.566 μm,which showed a 7 ppm detection limit for acetylene with only a 2 cm long waveguide.
Low-loss optical waveguides made with a high-loss material

For guiding light on a chip,it has been pivotal to use materials and process flows that allow low absorption and scattering.Based on subwavelength gratings,here,we show that it is possible to create broadband,multimode waveguides with very low propagation losses despite using a strongly absorbing material.We perform rigorous coupled-wave analysis and finite-difference time-domain simulations of integrated waveguides that consist of pairs of integrated high-index-contrast gratings.To showcase this concept,we demonstrate guiding of visible light in the wavelength range of 550-650 nm with losses down to 6 dB/cm using silicon gratings that have a material absorption of 13,000 dB/cm at this wavelength and are fabricated with standard silicon photonics technology.This approach allows us to overcome traditional limits of the various established photonics technology platforms with respect to their suitable spectral range and,furthermore,to mitigate situations where absorbing materials,such as highly doped semiconductors,cannot be avoided because of the need for electrical driving,for example,for amplifiers,lasers and modulators.
Elite capture,the “follow-up checks” policy,and the targeted poverty alleviation program:Evidence from rural western China

Decentralized methods for targeting poverty are widely adopted in developing countries to improve the performance of various poverty alleviation programs.A common challenge for implementing successful decentralized targeting is the existence of elite capture.China has recently implemented a nationwide decentralized poverty targeting program,the targeted poverty alleviation (TPA) policy,to achieve the national goal of eliminating absolute poverty by the end of 2020.As the largest decentralized poverty targeting program in the world,TPA's successful implementation was believed to be threatened by elite capture in some earlier reports.Since 2015,a targeting correction mechanism,called “follow-up checks” policy,has been introduced.With the “follow-up checks” policy,the elites and other ineligible households who receive benefits under TPA were removed from the program.This paper investigates the elite capture phenomenon in TPA using village census data from a poverty-stricken county in 2017-two years after implementing the “follow-up checks” policy.We find no evidence of elite capture in TPA.The elites are unlikely to become beneficiaries or receive more benefits than non-elites.Our results contradict earlier findings that reported elite capture in TPA.We argue that the reason is the accountability emphasized by the central government in the “follow-up checks” policy.Our findings imply that having proper accountability is critical for improving targeting performance by global antipoverty initiatives.
Paths out of poverty:An eclectic and idiosyncratic review of analytical approaches

This paper briefly reviews different debates about approaches for paths out of poverty,considering several views,from the analysis of specific policies to more general or systemic considerations.The contribution of this paper is to present a broad outline of those debates and to serve as an illustration of the complexity of analyzing paths out of poverty.It discusses in sequence,the more microeconomic approach of evaluation of individual policies for poverty alleviation;then it moves to broader issues of growth and development strategies,and macroeconomic policies,and their links to the persistence or reduction of poverty;and finally discusses the topic of institutions,related to how policy decisions are made and enforced in societies at the previous three levels.Finally,the concluding section argues that a successful program to eliminate poverty must integrate all levels of individual policies,macroeconomic programs,development strategies and good institutions.This paper hopes to contribute to that crucial work.
Quantifying relationships between subsidence and longwall face advance using DInSAR

Surface subsidence that results from longwall mining can be large magnitude and can affect significant areas.Conventional methods for subsidence monitoring include leveling,global positioning system (GPS),and photogrammetric surveys.Remote sensing techniques including,aerial LiDAR,terrestrial laser scanning,and satellite-based Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR),are also used to measure deformation associated with subsidence.DInSAR data are different than data from conventional subsidence surveys.Images capture data over large areas (hundreds of kilometers),and each pixel (data point) in an image quantifies the average displacement over an area of square meters.DInSAR data can have fairly high time resolution;imaging periods typically range from weeks to months.DInSAR data can be useful to monitor subsidence sequentially over short periods.Regularly monitoring subsidence may help define if caving is progressing normally and can establish relationships between surface deformation and longwall face advance,which has potential to help quantify possible risks to mine stability.In this study,subsidence at a longwall trona mine is monitored over short periods,typically 12 days,as the longwall face is advanced through a panel.C-band interferometric wide swath synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images from the sentinel satellites are used to quantify the subsidence.The onset of subsidence occurs close in time to the beginning of the longwall face advance,and overall,the development of subsidence closely follows the longwall face advance.
Protecting miners from coal bursts during development above historic mine workings in Harlan County,KY

In order to reach a large,untapped reserve of high-quality coal,D8 Cloverlick Mine proposed to mine a corridor nearly 600 m deep beneath the Benham Spur of Black Mountain,Kentucky's highest peak.D8 Cloverlick Mine was extracting the Owl seam,but the corridor's route lay approximately 20 m above century-old mine workings in the C-(Darby) seam.Adding to the concern,three serious coal bursts had recently occurred in nearby Owl seam workings.Maps of the old workings seemed to indicate that the underlying C-seam had been fully extracted.However,two of the coal bursts had occurred above areas where the C-Seam was also shown as mined out.Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) Technical Support therefore investigated the records of past mining to better understand the old mine maps.Underground conditions observed in current Owl seam workings were also compared with the maps of the old C-seam workings.The study concluded that the presence of hazardous underlying remnants could not be ruled out.To mitigate the burst risk,D8 Cloverlick Mine adopted a strategy of stress probe drilling.A self-propelled coal drill was used to auger 11.5-m-long,small diameter holes in advance of mining.As each hole was drilled,the cuttings were measured to detect the presence of highly stressed coal.Ultimately the crossing was successfully completed without incident.
Measurement of overburden failure zones in close-multiple coal seams mining

In the Kaiping Coal field,mining of five coal seams,located within 80 m in the Kailuan Group,#5,#7,#8,#9 and #12 coal seam,is difficult due to small interburden thickness,concentrated stress distributions,high coal seam metamorphism,and complex geological conditions.By using the ZTR12 geological penetration radar (GPR) survey combined with borehole observations,the overburden caving due to mining of the five coals seams was measured.The development characteristics of full-cover rock fractures after mining were obtained from the GPR scan,which provides a measurement basis for the control of rock strata in close multiple coal seam mining.For the first time,it was found that the overburden caving pattern shows a periodic triangular caved characteristic.Furthermore,it is proposed that an upright triangular collapsed pile masonry and an inverted triangular with larger fragments piled up alternately appear in the lower gob.The research results show that the roof structure formed in the gob area can support the key overlying strata,which is beneficial to ensure the integrity and stability of the upper coal seams in multiple-seam mining of close coal seams.