mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
肾衰方治疗慢性肾脏病的临床研究

目的:通过观察肾衰方对CKD3 ~ 4期患者肾功能及中医症状的影响,为延缓CKD的进程提供新的治疗。方法:选取来自江西省中医院2017年3月至2019年1月肾内科门诊及住院CKD3 ~ 4期(脾肾气阴两虚、浊毒内蕴型)患者63例,按拆信封方式随机分为肾衰方组和对照组,肾衰方组32例,对照组31例。对照组患者给予CKD一体化治疗,肾衰方组患者在CKD一体化的治疗上服用肾衰方,实验周期为8周。评估两组患者服药前、后症状评分及中医总症状积分;检测两组患者服药前、后肾功能指标。结果:在临床总疗效方面,肾衰方组32例中:显效9例,有效10例,稳定7例,无效6例,总体有效率为81.25 %;对照组32例中:显效1例,有效7例,稳定14例,无效9例,总体有效率70.97 %,肾衰方组可以提高临床疗效。两组在降低中医症状评分具有一定作用;与对照组相比,肾衰方组具有明显降低中医症候积分作用,其中在改善食少、大便不实、恶心呕吐具有显著效果。两组均能改善肾功能;与对照组相比,肾衰方组降低BUN、SCr、UA水平及提高eGFR水平更明显。结论:肾衰方可以改善CKD患者的临床症状及肾功能指标,临床疗效确切。
Reconfigurable Transmitter Coil Structure for Highly Efficient and Misalignment-insensitive Wireless Power Transfer Systems in Megahertz Range

The structural optimization of coils is a key issue in wireless power transfer (WPT) applications owing to size limitations. In this study, a novel planar-spiral transmitter coil (TX-coil) with an outer-tight and inner-sparse configuration is proposed to achieve a high quality factor (Q-factor) and uniform magnetic field, which ensures high efficiency and improves the misalignment tolerance for several-megahertz WPT systems. Furthermore, a closed-form expression for the Q-factor is provided and analyzed for coil optimization. By using this method, a TX-coil with an outer diameter of 100 mm and a wire diameter of 1.5 mm is designed and tested at 1 MHz. Finite element method simulations and experimental results demonstrate that the Q-factor is increased by about 8% in comparison with evenly spaced planar spiral coils, which is achieved while ensuring a relatively uniform magnetic field.
Alignment of social and ecological structures increased the ability of river management

Large hydrologic basins involve multiple stakeholders, and coupled dynamic social and ecological processes. Managing such basins has long been a challenge. Balancing the demand for water from nature against that from humans is always difficult, particularly in arid watersheds. Here, we analyze potential institutional causes of ecological degradation and how it can be reversed by introducing new forms of governance. The framework and assumptions are illustrated using China's second-largest endorheic basin, where empirical evidence shows that the introduction of a new governing authority connecting midstream and downstream actors facilitated the establishment of a new governance regime that is better aligned with the biophysical scales of the watershed. A trans-regional water allocation project initiated by the new higher-level authority successfully rescued downstream oases and restored a dried terminal lake. These outcomes suggest that when social and ecological structures are better aligned our ability to manage the interplay between social and ecological processes increases. However, the lack of direct connection between the actors of the middle and lower reaches resulted in the paradox of an increase in water demand. We therefore suggest that measures to stimulate the emergence of horizontal social ties linking different critical groups of actors across the watershed could further the alignment of the institutional and biophysical structures—without these changes sustainable management of river basins and other common pool resources will remain problematic.
Asymmetric ferromagnetic criticality in pyrochlore ferromagnet Lu_2V_2O_7

We study the ferromagnetic criticality of the pyrochlore magnet Lu_2V_2O_7 at the ferromagnetic transition T_C ≈ 70K from the isotherms of magnetization M(H) via an iteration process and the Kouvel-Fisher method. The critical exponents associated with the transition are determined: β = 0.32(1), γ = 1.41(1), and δ = 5:38. The validity of these critical exponents is further verified by scaling all the M(H) data in the vicinity of T_C onto two universal curves in the plot of M/|ε|~β versus H/|ε|~(β+γ), where ε = T/T_C-1. The obtained β and γ values show asymmetric behaviors on the T < T_C and the T > T_C sides, and are consistent with the predicted values of 3D Ising and cubic universality classes, respectively. This makes Lu_2V_2O_7 a rare example in which the critical behaviors associated with a ferromagnetic transition belong to different universality classes. We describe the observed criticality from the Ginzburg-Landau theory with the quartic cubic anisotropy that microscopically originates from the anti-symmetric Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction as revealed by recent magnon thermal Hall effect and theoretical investigations.
Hollow nanostructure of sea-sponge-C/SiC@SiC/C for stable Li+-storage capability

For the purpose of stable performance in energy storage systems, a new hollow nanostructure of seasponge-C/SiC@SiC/C (SCS/SiC@SiC/C) has been successfully fabricated by the SCS/SiC nanospheres coated with SiC/C shells through an in situ reduction process.Based on SCSs and the carbon shells, the stable hollow structures of SCS/SiC@SiC/C can contain large proportion of active SiC layers, which are adhered to both SCSs and the inner surfaces of carbon shells.Such nanostructured anode enables an excellent cycling stability with a capacity of 612 mAh/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g after 1,800 cycles, achieving an excellent stable Li~+-storage capability.
Hierarchical-structure anatase TiO_2 with conductive network for high-rate and high-loading lithium-ion battery

Titanium dioxides have been extensively investigated as promising anodes for Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) because of the high-rate capacity and cyclability, as well as the improved safety over graphite anode [1,2]. However, as a typical insertion-type anode, anatase TiO_2 exhibits low conductivity (10~(-12) S cm~(-1) for electron conductivity [3] and 10~(-17)-10~(-10) cm~2 s~(-1) for Li~+ ion diffusion coefficient [4]) and poor specific capacity (only accommodate <0.5 Li per bulk TiO_2 unit [5]), severely limiting its practical applications.
Efficient ternary organic solar cells based on a twin spiro-type non-fullerene acceptor

A novel small-molecule (SM) acceptor DTF-IC is designed and synthesized in this work. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of ternary OSCs increased up to 12.14% from 10.90% by incorporating 10 wt% of DTF-IC as second acceptors into the binary OSCs consisting of PBDB-T as donor and IT-M as acceptor. This was mainly due to the large increase in short-circuit current (Jsc) from 16.18 to 17.95 mA/cm~2, without any drop in the open-circuit voltage (Voc) and fill factor (FF). The addition of DTF-IC enabled the donor and acceptor to form a distinct complementary absorption profile in the visible-light region, which boosted the photon harvesting in the range of 730-800 nm and consequently increased the Jsc of the ternary system by 11%. Moreover, there was an energy transfer between the two SM acceptors, favorable for enhancing charge separation and transfer as well as reducing charge recombination at PBDB-T:IT-M and PBDB-T:DTF-IC interface. Simultaneously, HOMO and LUMO energy levels of DTF-IC were lower than those of PBDB-T, but still higher than those of IT-M. Thus, DTF-IC is able to provide a cascading energy level with the host donor and acceptor which are beneficial for efficient charge transfer between the acceptors and facilitating exciton dissociation and carrier transport. Meanwhile, the highly crystalline DTF-IC as a third component can improve the crystallization process of the active layer while maintaining proper phase separation. This work proposes a novel idea for non-fullerene acceptors achieved via twin spiro-type structure modifying by indanone and provides a new direction for the selection of ternary solar cell materials.
Mitigating self-excited flame pulsating and thermoacoustic oscillations using perforated liners

Open-loop control of self-excited flame pulsating oscillations and thermo-acoustic instability is considered in this work. The performance of the control strategy is numerically evaluated in a 2DRijke-type combustor with a perforated pipe implemented. It is found that approximately 38 dB sound pressure level (SPL) reduction can be achieved by actively tuning the cooling flow through the perforated pipe. Furthermore, the vorticity-induced damping performance is contributing to the breaking up of flame-acoustics coupling. However, the shedding of vortices is not uniformly distributed along the perforated pipe. To apply the control strategy in practice and to validate the findings, experimental studies are performed on a customerdesigned Rijke-type combustor with a perforated liner implemented. To mimic practical engines, a cooling flow generated by a centrifugal pump is provided to pass through the perforated pipe. Properly tuning the cooling flow rate is found to lead to the unstable combustor being successfully stabilized. SPL is reduced by approximately 35 dB at ω_1/2π ≈ 245 Hz, and harmonic thermoacoustic modes are completely attenuating. Further study is conducted by suddenly removing the perforated pipe section. The combustion system is found to be associated with not only classical thermo-acoustic limit cycle oscillations with a dominant mode at 2:45 × 10~2 Hz, but also beating oscillations at 1:4 × 100 Hz. It is revealed that increasing acoustic losses by implementing the perforated pipe is another critical mechanism contributing to attenuating flame pulsating instability. The present work opens up an applicable means to attenuate both selfexcited high-frequency thermoacoustic and low-frequency flame pulsating oscillations.
New red phosphors enable white LEDs to show both high luminous efficacy and color rendering index

Today, energy saving and emission reduction are two big global issues. Power artificial lighting currently accounts for about 20% of the total global electricity consumption [1]. Solid-state lighting based on light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is bringing about a revolution in energy-efficient lighting, and the lighting industry is transformed into a rapidly growing business sector [2,3]. The solid-state lighting technology is basically based on phosphor-converted white LEDs (pc-LEDs), which are commonly fabricated by using the combination of InGaN blue-emitting LED chips and luminescent materials as color converters [4,5]. Luminescent materials play a critical role in fabricating high-performance LED devices, which is strongly linked to LED's luminous efficacy, stability, color rendering index (CRI), correlated color temperature (CCT) and operation lifetime [6-8]. Therefore, the discovery of more efficient desirable phosphor materials is essential.
An air-stable and waterproof lithium metal anode enabled by wax composite packaging

The reviving use of lithium metal anode (LMA) is one of the most promising ways to upgrade the energy density of lithium ion batteries. In the roadmap towards the real use, besides the formation of the dendrite, various adverse reactions due to the high activity of LMA when exposed to air or the electrolyte limit its practical applications. Learning from the packaging technology in electronic industry, we propose a wax-based coating compositing with the ion conducting poly (ethylene oxide) by a simple dip-coating technology and the prepared LMA is featured with an air-stable and waterproof surface. The LMA thus remains stable for 24 h in ambient air even with the relative humidity of 70% while retaining about 85% its electrochemical capacity. More importantly, the LMA is accessible to water and when dipping in water, no obvious adverse reactions or capacity decay is observed. With the composite coating, a steady cycling performance for 500 h in symmetrical cells and a low capacity decay rate of 0.075% per cycle after 300 cycles in lithium-sulfur batteries assembled with the packaged anode have been achieved. This work demonstrates a very simple and effective LMA package technology which is easily scalable and is very promising for speeding up the industrialization of lithium-sulfur batteries and shows potentials for the large-scale production of air-sensitive electrode materials not limited to LMAs.
Vascular segmentation of neuroimages based on a prior shape and local statistics

Fast and accurate extraction of vascular structures from medical images is fundamental for many clinical procedures. However, most of the vessel segmentation techniques ignore the existence of the isolated and redundant points in the segmentation results. In this study, we propose a vascular segmentation method based on a prior shape and local statistics. It could efficiently eliminate outliers and accurately segment thick and thin vessels. First, an improved vesselness filter is defined. This quantifies the likelihood of each voxel belonging to a bright tubular-shaped structure. A matching and connection process is then performed to obtain a blood-vessel mask. Finally, the region-growing method based on local statistics is implemented on the vessel mask to obtain the whole vascular tree without outliers. Experiments and comparisons with Frangi's and Yang's models on real magneticresonance- angiography images demonstrate that the proposed method can remove outliers while preserving the connectivity of vessel branches.
RFES: a real-time fire evacuation system for Mobile Web3D

There are many bottlenecks that limit the computing power of the Mobile Web3D and they need to be solved before implementing a public fire evacuation system on this platform. In this study, we focus on three key problems: (1) The scene data for large-scale building information modeling (BIM) are huge, so it is difficult to transmit the data via the Internet and visualize them on the Web; (2) The raw fire dynamic simulator (FDS) smoke diffusion data are also very large, so it is extremely difficult to transmit the data via the Internet and visualize them on the Web; (3) A smart artificial intelligence fire evacuation app for the public should be accurate and real-time. To address these problems, the following solutions are proposed: (1) The large-scale scene model is made lightweight; (2) The amount of dynamic smoke is also made lightweight; (3) The dynamic obstacle maps established from the scene model and smoke data are used for optimal path planning using a heuristic method. We propose a real-time fire evacuation system based on the ant colony optimization (RFES-ACO) algorithm with reused dynamic pheromones. Simulation results show that the public could use Mobile Web3D devices to experience fire evacuation drills in real time smoothly. The real-time fire evacuation system (RFES) is efficient and the evacuation rate is better than those of the other two algorithms, i.e., the leader-follower fire evacuation algorithm and the random fire evacuation algorithm.
An exciting time for genome editing: an interview with David R. Liu

In 1987, several Osaka University researchers discovered a special kind of clustered DNA repeats in bacteria. Within a few years, two other groups independently discovered the same phenomenon but no one knew its function at the time. Only a small handful of scientists studied this property from its discovery in 1987 to 2005. It was then that the function of these DNA repeats, which were named Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR), was finally elucidated. Researchers found that CRISPR, when combined with its CRISPR-associated partner (Cas), is crucial for the functioning of the bacterial adaptive immune system against viral phage infection. CRISPR sequences can be transcribed into targeting RNA molecules, and Cas enzymes are guided by these RNAs to cut specific viral DNA loci, rendering resistance against the viral infection.
Spatial distribution and source identification of heavy metals (As, Cr, Cu and Ni) at sub-watershed scale using geographically weighted regression

Heavy metals are among the most important sources of water and soil pollution. These elements accumulate in the agricultural soil through using contaminated water for irrigation, fertilizers, pesticide and enter to the river systems by water erosion. Therefore, land use plays a serious role in water and sediment pollution. In this regards, geographically weighted regression was used to investigate the spatial correlation between sediment heavy metals and land uses in a highland watershed. The landuse map was used to calculate the area percentage of landuse types in sub-watersheds, followed by geographically weighted regression method to investigate the spatial correlation of As, Cr, Cu and Ni versus three types of land uses. The highest correlation was observed for irrigated plots versus As and Ni in upstream and for rainfed plots versus AS, Ni and Cr in the downstream. The relationship between heavy metals and developed lands was more complicated and the highest correlation was found for Ni and As at outlet (R~2 = 0.52–0.89), for Cr in the upstream (R~2 = 0.50–0.76), and for Cu in the upstream and downstream (R~2 = 0.36–0.60). The results indicated that there is a positive correlation between heavy metals and land uses which varies with the level of agricultural and urbanization development at subwatershed. Based on the findings, appropriate policies and decisions should be taken on agricultural land to prevent the transfer of heavy metals by sediment to aquatic environments.
Altered trends in carbon uptake in China’s terrestrial ecosystems under the enhanced summer monsoon and warming hiatus

The carbon budgets in terrestrial ecosystems in China are strongly coupled with climate changes. Over the past decade, China has experienced dramatic climate changes characterized by enhanced summer monsoon and decelerated warming. However, the changes in the trends of terrestrial net ecosystem production (NEP) in China under climate changes are not well documented. Here, we used three ecosystem models to simulate the spatiotemporal variations in China’s NEP during 1982–2010 and quantify the contribution of the strengthened summer monsoon and warming hiatus to the NEP variations in four distinct climatic regions of the country. Our results revealed a decadal-scale shift in NEP from a downtrend of –5.95 Tg C/yr~2 (reduced sink) during 1982–2000 to an uptrend of 14.22 Tg C/yr~2 (enhanced sink) during 2000–10. This shift was essentially induced by the strengthened summer monsoon, which stimulated carbon uptake, and the warming hiatus, which lessened the decrease in the NEP trend. Compared to the contribution of 56.3% by the climate effect, atmospheric CO_2 concentration and nitrogen deposition had relatively small contributions (8.6 and 11.3%, respectively) to the shift. In conclusion, within the context of the global-warming hiatus, the strengthening of the summer monsoon is a critical climate factor that enhances carbon uptake in China due to the asymmetric response of photosynthesis and respiration. Our study not only revealed the shift in ecosystem carbon sequestration in China in recent decades, but also provides some insight for understanding ecosystem carbon dynamics in other monsoonal areas.
Decrease in the Ki67 index during neoadjuvant chemotherapy predicts favorable relapse-free survival in patients with locally advanced breast cancer

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the optimal cutoffs of the three parameters of Ki67 during NAC for predicting patient prognosis and investigate whether the optimal cutoffs of the Ki67 values were associated with relapse-free survival (RFS) or breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS). Methods: A total of 92 patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC), who had residual disease after NAC were retrospectively investigated. The optimal cutoff values of the Ki67 parameters were assessed by the online algorithm Cutoff Finder. Kaplan-Meier analysis, the log-rank test and Cox regression analysis were carried out to analyze survival. Results: The optimal cutoff values for the postsurgical Ki67 level and the decrease in the Ki67 level during NAC were defined as 25% and 12.5%, respectively. According to the univariate survival analysis, a higher Ki67 level in residual disease was associated with poor RFS (P = 0.004) and BCSS (P = 0.014). In addition, a Ki67 expression decrease > 12.5% during NAC was related to favorable RFS (P = 0.007), but was not related to BCSS (P = 0.452). Cox regression analysis showed that the Ki67 expression decrease (> 12.5% vs. ≤ 12.5%) and histological grade (grade 3 vs. grade 1-2) were the independent factors associated with RFS (P = 0.020 and P = 0.023, respectively), with HR values of 0.353 (95% CI: 0.147-0.850) and 3.422 (95% CI: 1.188-9.858), respectively. Conclusions: The Ki67 decrease was one of the independent factors associated with RFS in LABC patients with residual disease after receiving NAC.
Genetic effects and plant architecture influences on outcrossing rate in soybean

Outcrossing rate is an important determinant of cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) breeding and hybrid seed production for heterosis in soybean. Parental lines with a high outcrossing rate were screened for backcross breeding to obtain the high outcrossing rate maintenance B-lines and sterile A-lines. Application in production practices will help to increase hybrid soybean production. In this study, JLCMS82B and JLCMS89B were selected as parents for the construction of outcrossing rate segregation populations, and the progeny-array approach (PAA) and glyphosate resistant gene markers were used to determine outcrossing rates. We found that: (1) The outcrossing rate between JLCMS82B and JLCMS89B was significantly different; (2) the outcrossing rate of the F_2 segregating populations was a quantitative trait, though whether an additive or epistatic effect exists required analysis with a triple test intersection analysis; (3) agronomic traits correlated with outcrossing rate; outcrossing rate was the highest with plant height of about 84 cm, lower number of plant branches, earlier flowering time, larger angle between the branches and the main stem, and with more divergent plant morphology. Correlation analysis between agronomic traits and outcrossing rate can effectively guide the screening of parents with a high outcrossing rate.