mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
Honokiol inhibits EMT-mediated motility and migration of human non-small cell lung cancer cells in vitro by targeting c-FLIP

Aim: Honokiol (HNK) is a natural compound isolated from the magnolia plant with numerous pharmacological activities, including inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which has been proposed as an attractive target for anti-tumor drugs to prevent tumor migration. In this study we investigated the effects of HNK on EMT in human NSCLC cells in vitro and the related signaling mechanisms. Methods: TNF-a (25 ng/mL) in combination with TGF-β1 (5 ng/mL) was used to stimulate EMT of human NSCLC A549 and H460 cells. Cell proliferation was analyzed using a sulforhodamine B assay. A wound-healing assay and a transwell assay were performed to examine cell motility. Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of relevant proteins. siRNAs were used to knock down the gene expression of c-FLIP and N-cadherin. Stable overexpression of c-FLIP L (H157-FLIP L) or Lac Z (H157-Lac Z) was also performed. Results: Treatment with TNF-α+TGF-β1 significantly enhanced the migration of A549 and H460 cells, increased c-FLIP, N-cadherin (a mesenchymal marker), snail (a transcriptional modulator) and p-Smad2/3 expression, and decreased IkB levels in the cells; these changes were abrogated by co-treatment with HNK (30 μmol/L). Further studies demonstrated that expression level of c-FLIP was highly correlated with the movement and migration of NSCLC cells, and the downstream effectors of c-FLIP signaling were NF-kB signaling and N-cadherin/snail signaling, while Smad signaling might lie upstream of c-FLIP. Conclusion: HNK inhibits EMT-mediated motility and migration of human NSCLC cells in vitro by targeting c-FLIP, which can be utilized as a promising target for cancer therapy, while HNK may become a potential anti-metastasis drug or lead compound.
探析《醉花窗医案》脉诊特色

通过对《醉花窗医案》的分析探讨脉诊特色。该书作者王堉十分重视脉诊在临床中的应用,基本上是凭脉辨证,用脉理解释疾病的病因病机,并通过对脉象的诊查来判断疾病的预后转归,同时其脉诊精微多种诊法并用,在临证时善于依据脉象来指导临床处方用药。
Distribution and Transport of Residual Lead and Copper Along Soil Profiles in a Mining Region of North China

Residual heavy metals are commonly considered to be immobile in soils, leading to an underestimation of their environmental risk. This study investigated the distribution and transport of residual heavy metals along soil profiles, using the Xiaoqinling gold mining region in North China as a case study. Soil samples were collected at three depths from three locations near the tailing heap. The speciation of copper (Cu) and lead (Pb) (exchangeable, carbonate-bound, Fe-Mn oxide-bound, organic matter-bound, and residual fractions) was determined using a sequential extraction procedure. The residual fraction's morphology was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results showed that metal fraction distributions along the soil profiles were influenced by each fraction's mobility. Residual fraction with high chemical stability can not be transformed from or into other fractions. This led to the conclusion that the high concentration of residual metals in soils mainly resulted from residual fraction transport. The SEM analysis showed that fine particles (submicrons) were mainly attached to large particles and were likely released and transported by water flow. The more sorptive fractions (non-residual fractions) were mainly retained in the top soil, and the more mobile fractions (residual fraction) were mainly leached to the deep soil. Cu and Pb concentrations in the residual fraction decreased slightly and those in the non-residual fractions decreased significantly with soil depth. These suggest a relatively higher residual metal mobility along the soil profiles. Therefore, residual metals can be transported in soils and their environmental risk can not be ignored in assessing soil contamination.
Effects of Maize Residue Quality and Soil Water Content on Soil Labile Organic Carbon Fractions and Microbial Properties

Investigating the effects of residue chemical composition on soil labile organic carbon (LOC) will improve our understanding of soil carbon sequestration. The effects of maize residue chemical composition and soil water content on soil LOC fractions and microbial properties were investigated in a laboratory incubation experiment. Maize shoot and root residues were incorporated into soil at 40% and 70% field capacity. The soils were incubated at 20 °C for 150 d and destructive sampling was conducted after 15, 75, and 150 d. Respiration, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), hot-water extractable organic carbon (HEOC), and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) were recorded, along with cellulase and β-glucosidase activities and community-level physiological profiles. The results showed that the cumulative respiration was lower in root-amended soils than in shoot-amended soils, indicating that root amendment may be beneficial to C retention in soil. No significant differences in the contents of DOC, HEOC and MBC, enzyme activities, and microbial functional diversity were observed between shoot-and root-amended soils. The high soil water content treatment significantly increased the cumulative respiration, DOC and HEOC contents, and enzyme activities compared to the low soil water content treatment. However, the soil water content treatments had little influence on the MBC content and microbial functional diversity. There were significantly positive correlations between LOC fractions and soil microbial properties. These results indicated that the chemical composition of maize residues had little influence on the DOC, HEOC, and MBC contents, enzyme activities, and microbial functional diversity, while soil water content could significantly influence DOC and HEOC contents and enzyme activities.
新型防腐蚀涂料在高压输电导线上的应用

目前,有关新型防腐蚀涂料在架空导线钢芯铝铰线(ACSR)上的应用研究报道不多。选择W61-3有机硅树脂、919-1改性树脂和HWS-2环氧树脂3类新型工业防腐蚀涂料对ACSR进行涂覆处理,并对其进行110 ℃耐热老化试验、乙酸盐雾和乙酸盐溶液浸泡试验,研究了涂覆处理前后ACSR试样的形貌、电导率和力学性能等的变化,并分析了影响因素和机理。结果表明:涂有919-1型和HWS-2型涂料的试样增重明显。在110 ℃耐热老化试验后,涂有919 -1型和HWS-2型涂料的试样出现明显的老化现象,而涂有W61 - 3型涂料的试样变化不明显,3组试样的电导率和抗拉强度均无明显变化。乙酸盐雾试验对3组试样的电导率和抗拉强度影响不大。乙酸盐溶液浸泡后3组试样的电导率和抗拉强度均有所下降,但涂有W61-3型涂料的试样下降较少。W61 -3有机硅树脂型涂料的涂覆给ACSR导线提供了更好的耐温性和耐酸性盐溶液侵蚀能力。
一氧化钛/碳复合空心球在锂硫电池中的应用

随着科技的发展和进步,一些新兴的应用领域,如电动汽车、消费电子、大规模储能电站等,对二次电池的性能也提出了越来越高的要求,传统的锂离子二次电池偏低的能量密度成为制约其在这些领域应用的瓶颈。开发基于新化学原理储能的高能量密度电池体系正成为全球范围内的研究热点。单质硫的理论比容量为1675 mAh? g~(-1),与金属锂构建成锂硫电池时,其理论能量密度高达2600 Wh?kg~(-1);同时,硫还是一种来源丰富、价格低廉、对环境友好的材料。因此,锂硫电池被认为是最具发展前景的电池体系之一。尽管如此,受限于单质硫的物化特性及锂硫电池电化学反应过程中固有的反应特性,锂硫电池的商业化应用仍然面临诸多技术难点,主要包括: (1)单质硫的导电性差;(2)反应中间产物多硫化锂在有机电解液中极易溶解流失,导致电池循环稳定性变差和库伦效率降低;(3)硫在锂化过程中有较大的体积膨胀。
成人腰椎管内畸胎瘤致神经源性膀胱二例报告

讨论NB是调控排尿生理活动有关的中枢或周围神经受到损伤引起的下尿路储尿及排尿功能障碍。其病因复杂,糖尿病、神经脱髓鞘病变、脊髓损伤、神经系统肿瘤等均可导致NB。临床症状主要包括尿失禁、尿频、排尿困难、尿流无力等,部分患者伴有便秘及排便困难。NB的病理生理状态不断变化,因此需定期随访,尤其是对上尿路功能的随访应伴随患者终生。腰椎管内畸胎瘤的临床症状多与脊髓、马尾神经或神经根受压有关,首发症状以尿频、排尿无力或夜间遗尿为主,还可伴有腰骶部疼痛及下肢运动感觉异常、大便异常等。本文两例患者均因排尿问题首次就诊于泌尿外科。因此,当泌尿外科医师在诊治无外伤史、手术史的年轻NB患者时,在排除常见病因后应考虑到椎管内肿瘤的可能。一旦怀疑有椎管内占位的可能性,应及时行MRI检查。椎管内畸胎瘤而引起的NB,一经确诊要尽早行手术治疗,泌尿外科医师应对术后患者进行密切随访,避免出现上尿路损害等不良事件。
基于PDMS的高效稳定的金属锂负极保护层

在过去的二十多年里,锂离子电池由于其较高的能量密度等优点逐渐成为能源存储市场中的主体之一,如今广泛用于电子便携设备(如手机、笔记本等)中。但随着大家对于电子设备的要求提升以及电动汽车的快速发展,研究并开发更高性能的锂电池材料显得尤为关键。就负极而言,金属锂拥有相当高的理论容量(3860 mAh?g~(-1)),这相当于是现在商业化的锂离子电池石墨负极的十倍,同时具有很低的密度(0.59 g?cm~(-3))和最低的电化学反应电位(相对标准氢电位-3.040 V),这些良好的特性使得金属锂负极一直是研究的热点同时也被认为是极具前景的锂电池负极材料。然而,由于金属锂负极在电池循环过程中会逐渐生长出树枝状的锂枝晶,增大了戳破隔膜的几率从而引发短路进而导致起火等安全隐患;此外金属锂负极在循环中体积的无规则的巨大变化会降低电池效率,缩短循环寿命等这些问题成为了金属锂电池商业化道路上的巨大屏障。
铁掺杂磷化钴纳米阵列作为多功能析氢催化剂

化石燃料的快速消耗及其带来的环境污染等问题迫使人们寻找可替代的再生能源。氢气作为一种清洁的可再生能源,有望在未来成为化石燃料的替代品。目前,工业上制氢主要采用催化水蒸气重整、煤气化及石油裂解等方法,但这些方法存在一些缺点,如能耗高、制备的氢气不纯、排放出大量二氧化碳等。碱性条件下电解水制氢具有操作方便、自动化程度高、环保无污染等优点,是一种制备高纯氢气的有效途径,但需要催化剂以降低阴极析氢过电势和阳极析氧过电势1。硼氢化物如硼氢化钠、氨硼烷和硼氢化锂的催化水解提供了另一个环境友好的制氢途径。其中,硼氢化钠由于具有理论氢容量高、无毒、环境友好及在碱性溶液中稳定存在等优点,成为理想的水解制氢材料。然而这两种技术的大规模工业应用都需使用高效稳定且价格低廉的催化剂。
GNSS+SINS组合导航地固系高度阻尼算法

GNSS+SINS组合导航在地固系中计算有诸多优点,但GNSS信号缺失时的高度阻尼比较复杂。本文从空间直角坐标系与大地坐标系的关系出发,结合地固系捷联惯导的导航方程,提出了一种地固系高度阻尼算法。经仿真测试证明,应用此算法在地固系高度阻尼,可以达到与导航系相同的效果,证明了算法的有效性。
珠海市海岸线变化高分辨率遥感监测分析

基于2004、2007、2011和2014年覆盖珠海市的SPOT-5、航空影像和WorldView-2等高分辨率影像,建立了适用于珠海市的海岸线分类体系,采用目视解译方法提取了珠海市12类海岸线信息。结果表明: ①2004-2014年间珠海市海岸线长度呈持续增长趋势,10年间珠海市海岸线长度增加25.03 km,平均增长速度约2.50 km/a。②珠海市4期岸线中,每期人工岸线的比重都大于自然岸线,人工岸线处于持续增长状态,变化剧烈,自然岸线变化相对平缓。10年间人工岸线总长度增加了42.57 km,自然岸线总长度减少了17.54 km,两类岸线增长和减少速率分别约为4.26和1.75 km/a。③珠海市各类型岸线中,堤坝、港口码头岸线、闸和建设岸线长度处于持续增加状态,基岩岸线、砾石岸线、养殖围堤岸线长度处于持续减少状态,其中增长和减少最为激烈的岸线类型分别为港口码头岸线和养殖围堤。
利用复合光谱纹理特征进行城市边缘区不透水层提取

城市边缘区是城市化活跃的地区,在遥感影像上呈现出错综复杂、异质强的特征,对该地区不透水层的遥感提取带来一定的困难。本文引用扩展支撑向量机(extended support vector machines,ESVM)的软硬分类方法,结合光谱和纹理特征变化,对正在发生快速土地覆盖变化的城市边缘区的不透水层进行了提取。本文提出的方法将纹理变化作为有效信息表示城市边缘区的变异,并结合软硬分类方法的特征进行了不透水层纯净、混合像元的识别。研究区城市边缘区的试验结果表明,将纹理特征作为描述不透水层的空间特征指数能够将纯净、混合像元的识别效率提高10%,整体分类精度提高1%~ 5%,优于传统的软分类、硬分类方法。
内镜下第三脑室底造瘘术后慢性硬膜下血肿一例报道并文献复习

内镜下第三脑室底造瘘术(ETV)作为梗阻性脑积水最常用的手术方式,因其安全、有效,已被广泛地接受和应用。作为术后并发症,慢性硬膜下血肿(CSDH)在ETV中较为罕见,相关报道和讨论较少。笔者报道1例ETV术后CSDH,并结合文献对其发生机制、临床特点、防治措施等进行讨论。
颅内动脉钙化与腔隙性脑梗死患者影像学特征的关系

目的探讨颅内动脉钙化与腔隙性脑梗死(LI)患者影像学特征的关系。方法回顾性分析LI并行头部CT血管造影(CTA)的110例患者,依据钙化评分分为无钙化组、轻度钙化组和重度钙化组,分析颅内动脉钙化发生和分布情况以及钙化评分与LI数量的关系。结果110例LI患者中,无钙化患者19例(17.27%)、轻度钙化64例(58.18%)、重度钙化27例(24.55%)。钙化发生部位:颈内动脉颅内段71例(64.55%)、椎动脉29例(26.36%)、基底动脉5例(4.55%)、大脑中动脉3例(2.73%)、大脑前动脉1例(0.91%)和大脑后动脉1例(0.91%)。三组LI患者糖尿病患病率有统计学差异(P<0.05),且重度钙化组糖尿病患病率高于轻度钙化组和无钙化组。性别、吸烟史、高血压、糖尿病、高血脂、脑梗死、冠心病、房颤在不同程度钙化组间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。行MRI检查的57例LI患者中,LI少量组患者22例,LI多量组患者35例。LI多量组钙化评分值高于少量组(P<0.05)。结论LI患者颅内动脉发生率较高,糖尿病是颅内动脉钙化发病的影响因素,钙化程度与LI的临床预后密切相关。
还原型谷胱甘肽对缺血再灌注急性肾损伤模型大鼠的肾保护机制

目的探讨还原型谷胱甘肽对缺血再灌注急性肾损伤(AKI)模型大鼠的肾保护机制。方法将无特定病原体(SPF)级雄性SD大鼠48只随机分为假手术组(SN)、造模组(IN)和还原型谷胱甘肽治疗组(IG),各16只,IG组在夹闭肾蒂前10 min颈静脉注射200 mg/ml的还原型谷胱甘肽,IN组给予同剂量的生理盐水,SN组仅进行假手术。术后6 h和12 h分别检测三组血肌酐(SCR)和血尿素氮(BUN)、血清白细胞介素(IL)-6和肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α水平变化,术后6 h和12 h分批处死大鼠后取肾脏组织,检测三组丙二醛(MDA)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力。结果术后6 h IN组与IG组SCR和BUN水平均显著高于SN组(均P<0.05),术后12 h IG组SCR和BUN水平均显著低于IN组(均P<0.05)。术后6 h IN组与IG组IL-6水平均显著高于SN组,术后12 h IG组IL-6水平显著低于IN组(均P<0.05);术后6 h和12 h IN组TNF-α水平均显著高于SN组(P>0.05),IG组TNF-α水平与SN组相比无统计学差异(P>0.05)。术后6 h和12 h SN组与IG组SOD活力均显著高于IN组(P<0.05),而SN组与IG组间比较无统计学差异(P>0.05);术后6 h和12 h IN组MDA活力均显著高于SN组与IG组,而SN组与IG组间比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论还原型谷胱甘肽治疗缺血再灌注AKI大鼠疗效确切,能有效清除氧自由基和改善炎症状态,值得进一步研究。
Mechanism and Process of Sulfate Attack on Roller Compacted Concrete with MgO Expansive Agent

The mechanisms and processes of sulfate attack on roller compacted concrete (RCC) with MgO expansive agent are proposed by investigating the microstructure and hydration products in specimens immersed in 5% sodium sulfate solution for one year with the optical micrograph, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS). The results show that the deterioration of concrete due to the sulfate attack is mainly loss of stiffness, strength and adhesion, and expansion cracking is mainly caused by the formation of gypsum and ettringite. In the presence of MgO expansive agent, the microstructures of RCC can be improved by hydration and un-hydrated products, the large pores and permeability are reduced,and the resistance to sulfate corrosion of concrete and durability of hydraulic structure are improved slightly.
Mission-Oriented Configuration Model of Aircraft Carrying Spares and Dynamic Optimization Policy

Spare parts are critical to scheduled maintenance and fault repair, and can directly affect the readiness and combat capability of equipment. Equipment's capacity of carrying spares is influenced by its storage space and scales, so it is necessary to consider economic factors, e. g. spares cost, as well as non-economic ones, such as spares volume, mass and scale, when optimizing spares configuration. Aiming at this problem, the optimization model based on multi-constraints for carrying spares is built by METRIC theory and system analysis. Through the introduction of Lagrange factors, the spares cost is transformed to shadow price, and the optimization method for carrying spares and the dynamic adjustment policy of Lagrange factors are proposed. The result of a given example is analyzed, and demonstrates that the proposed model can be optimized with all constraints, and the research can provide a new way for carrying spares optimization.
全氟丙烷以及雷珠单抗玻璃体腔注入治疗息肉样脉络膜血管病变一例

讨论对于病灶位于黄斑区且伴有视网膜下大片出血的PCV患者,因出血难以吸收,出血凝结机化后形成黄斑部瘢痕,导致患者中心视力完全丧失。玻璃体腔注入C_3F_8及抗血管内皮生长因子药物治疗这类患者,可获得较好预后视力。其适应证为急性或3周以内发生的黄斑下出血,出血前患眼具有有用的阅读视力;且主要针对致密浓厚的黄斑下出血,即视网膜下出血足以使局部视网膜与RPE分离并抬高视网膜。本例患者发病前视力正常,视网膜下出血持续时间不长且出血使RPE与神经上皮分离并被抬高,符合玻璃体腔注气治疗的适应证。C3F8是一种膨胀率4倍的无色、无味、易燃的惰性气体,为达到有效眼内填充效果,眼内气泡的容积必须足以大到覆盖整个病变部位,并能持续一段时间。若眼球直径是24 mm,要想得到90°的接触面积需要注入0.42 ml气体。我们应用玻璃体腔注入100% C3F8气体0.4 ml联合雷珠单抗0.05 ml治疗黄斑部视网膜下出血,注气后黄斑下出血被驱离黄斑部,黄斑下出血变薄,更好地暴露病灶,使原先埋藏在出血下的病灶更容易与雷珠单抗接触。所以最终取得了较好效果。尽管玻璃体腔注气无法去除视网膜下新生血管膜,但避免了对黄斑局部视网膜光感受器细胞和RPE细胞直接的手术损伤,这可能是患者治疗后视力相对较好的原因之一。根据黄斑部解剖位置和特点,患者注气后保持头低位,黄斑即处于最高点,此时气泡对黄斑处的顶压作用及血液本身的重力作用将促使黄斑部积血向周边移动,防止积血在黄斑部凝结形成瘢痕,从而保留黄斑这一重要中心区域的视觉功能。
日本职业安全卫生保障体系介绍及启示

2011年,中日两国政府通过日本国际协力机构(JICA)实施的“加强职业卫生能力建设”项目在江苏省苏州市(为示范区)实施。我们作为江苏省疾控中心代表,先后短期赴日研修、数次参加项目的研讨及培训,较为系统地学习了解日本职业安全卫生保障体系,日本一些成功做法值得借鉴。为使相关专业人员了解日本职业安全卫生保障体系的内容,介绍如下。
一测多评法测定白芍中5种成分含量

目的:建立白芍中5种成分含量的一测多评法。方法:以芍药苷为参照物,计算芍药内酯苷、1,2,3,4,6-五没食子酰基葡萄糖、苯甲酰芍药苷、丹皮酚的相对校正因子,并利用相对校正因子计算4种成分的含量,同时外标法测定5种成分的含量,验证一测多评法的可行性和适用性。结果:一测多评法的相对校正因子重现性良好,采用相对校正因子计算得到的16批白芍样品中5种成分的含量与外标法实测值相对偏差均在5%以内。结论:一测多评法可用于白芍药材的质量评价,方法可靠准确。
渐尖毛蕨总黄酮通过miR-29/TGF-β_1调控慢性镉暴露诱导的大鼠肾脏损伤

目的:研究渐尖毛蕨总黄酮对慢性镉暴露诱导大鼠肾脏损伤的影响。方法:采用暴露于含250mg/L氯化镉饮水16 w的方式诱导大鼠慢性肾损伤模型,灌胃渐尖毛蕨总黄酮干预。实验周期结束后检测大鼠血肌酐(Cr)和尿素氮(BUN)含量、肾脏胶原沉积情况及血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性和丙二醛(MDA)水平,并检测肾脏TGF-β_1和微小RNA(miR)-29a/b/c的表达。结果:渐尖毛蕨总黄酮能显著改善镉诱导的大鼠肾脏胶原沉积,降低血清Cr、BUN、MDA水平,提高血清SOD和GSH-Px活性,抑制肾组织TGF-β_1表达并上调miR-29a/b/c表达。结论:渐尖毛蕨总黄酮对慢性镉暴露诱导的大鼠肾脏损伤具有潜在的抑制作用,其作用机制与抑制氧化应激,调控肾脏TGF-β_1及miR-29a/b/c表达有关。
莲子心对肝纤维化大鼠的抗脂质过氧化作用研究

目的:研究莲子心的抗脂质过氧化作用及对肝纤维化的影响,并探讨其可能的作用机制。方法:将SPF级雄性SD大鼠48只随机分为6组:正常对照组、模型组、秋水仙碱阳性对照组及莲子心高、中、低剂量组,每组8只。除正常对照组外,其余各组大鼠腹腔注射20%四氯化碳溶液2mL/kg造模,首次加倍,2次/W,共8 w。同时分别给予各组大鼠按10 mL/kg灌胃相应药物,连续给药8 w后称量体质量及肝质量,计算肝脏系数,检测血清ALT、AST、ALB及肝组织SOD、MDA、Hyp水平,观察肝组织肝纤维化并进行分级。结果:与模型组比较,莲子心各组肝脏系数及血清ALT、AST显著降低;肝组织中MDA、Hyp显著降低,SOD显著升高;莲子心中、高剂量组血清ALB显著升高;组织病理学观察显示莲子心各组肝纤维化程度明显改善。结论:莲子心能减轻肝细胞损伤,保护肝细胞,并具有一定的抗肝纤维化作用。清除氧自由基、抗脂质过氧化可能是其抗肝纤维化作用机制之一。
PD-1及PD-L1与肿瘤适应性免疫抵抗的研究进展

程序性死亡蛋白-1 (programmed death protein 1,PD-1)与其配体程序性死亡配体1 (programmed cell death-ligand 1,PD-L1)属于CD28/B7家族,是近年研究比较透彻的免疫检查点分子。PD-1/PD-L1通过调节外周组织中免疫反应的持续性和效价避免组织损伤并维持对于自身抗原的耐受。肿瘤细胞主动性抑制T细胞的机制称为适应性免疫抵抗(adaptive immune resistance),即肿瘤抗原特异性T细胞企图攻击肿瘤,但肿瘤细胞发生反应性改变(诱导表达PD-L1)从而避免免疫攻击。适应性免疫抵抗过程中的关键分子即为PD-1/PD-L1。PD-1/PD-L1抗体治疗已在临床试验中显示出良好的疗效,使阻断适应性免疫抵抗有望成为重要的肿瘤免疫治疗手段。分析肿瘤活检样本的基线免疫信息能指导制定个体化的免疫治疗方案。本文就PD-1/PD-L1的生物学结构、适应性免疫抵抗机制及相关临床决策等进行综述。
Characteristics of gastric cancer recurrence five or more years after curative gastrectomy

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of recurrences that occurred 5 or more years after curative resection for gastric cancer. Methods: We analyzed recurrences among 1,299 patients with gastric cancer who underwent curative operations at the Department of Surgery, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital between September 1998 and December 2002. Recurrences were classified as within 2 years (early), 2-5 years (intermediate), and more than 5 years (late) after gastrectomy. The clinicopathologic findings of the patients with late recurrence were compared with those of patients in the other two recurrence groups, with special reference to the patterns of recurrence. Both univariate and multivariate analyses were performed, incorporating factors such as operation type, T-stage, N-stage, stage, lymphatic invasion, neural invasion, histology, tumor size, and recurrence site. Results: At the time of last follow-up, recurrence occurred in 266 (20.5%) patients. Recurrence times were classified as <2 years (182 patients), 2-5 years (61 patients), or >5 years (23 patients). The late recurrence rate was 8.6%. The occurrence of recurrence >5 years after gastrectomy was significantly correlated with age, operation type, T-stage, N-stage, stage, lymphatic invasion, neural invasion, histology, tumor size, location and recurrence site (P<0.05). The main recurrence patterns in the 23 patients with late recurrence were locoregional metastasis (10 patients, 43.5%), peritoneal seeding (8 patients, 34.8%), hematogenous metastasis (2 patients, 8.7%), and multiple metastasis (3 patients, 13.0%). A multivariate analysis showed that larger tumor size and younger age were independent prognostic factors for late recurrence. Additionally, locoregional and peritoneal recurrences were significantly more common than hematogenous recurrences. Conclusions: Although late recurrence was uncommon, younger age and larger tumor size were associated with high risk. Follow-up surveillance is recommended for locoregional and peritoneal metastasis.
我国助产士门诊开展状况的研究进展

国际助产士联盟(International Confederation of Midwives,ICM)将助产士定义为接受正规助产学教育,掌握助产实践能力并获得所在国家合法从事助产工作资质认证或注册的专业人员,其工作场所可包括家庭、社区、医院和诊所。作为孕产妇的主要照护者,助产士为其提供高水平、连续性的医疗护理服务,传统医疗模式下助产士工作局限于产房,未能充分发挥其作用,近年来随着助产士门诊的开展,助产士的工作延伸到产前、产中和产后。助产士门诊最先在澳大利亚开展,为孕产妇提供健康指导、分娩计划及产后照护,疏导孕期不良情绪,改善分娩结局,之后助产士门诊相继在中国香港和内地开展,主要为正常或低危的孕妇提供产前门诊服务,取得良好效果。过去几年,我国出生人口呈持续增长状态,据统计,2015年我国出生人数为1655万,随着“二孩政策”全面开放,母婴健康越来越受到重视。本研究旨在描述我国助产士门诊的开展现状,评价助产士门诊的服务效果,为后续助产士门诊的发展及改进提供参考。
远程居家照护的研究现状和发展策略

随着社会经济迅速发展和医疗技术水平提升,人均寿命延长。截至2013年,我国老年人口数量达2.02亿,老龄化水平达14.8%。与此同时,老年人口内部结构变动加剧,突出表现在需要接受短期康复治疗或长期照护的失能老年人口持续增加;患慢性病老年人增多,所患疾病主要为高血压、脑血管疾病及糖尿病等;无子女、失独老人比例上升。人口老龄化及其衍生的一系列社会现象成为我国当前重要的社会问题。近年来,信息科技与医疗技术的快速发展,提升了智能化照护的可行性,减轻了经济负荷,使得世界上许多国家逐渐利用远程技术来拓展老年昭护。
Dynamic stability of axially accelerating viscoelastic plates with longitudinally varying tensions

The dynamic stability of axially accelerating plates is investigated. Longitudinally varying tensions due to the acceleration and nonhomogeneous boundary conditions are highlighted. A model of the plate combined with viscoelasticity is applied. In the viscoelastic constitutive relationship, the material derivative is used to take the place of the partial time derivative. Analytical and numerical methods are used to investigate summation and principal parametric resonances, respectively. By use of linear models for the transverse behavior in the small displacement regime, the plate is confined by a viscous damping force. The generalized Hamilton principle is used to derive the governing equations, the initial conditions, and the boundary conditions of the coupled planar vibration. The solvability conditions are established by directly using the method of multiple scales. The Routh-Hurwitz criterion is used to obtain the necessary and sufficient condition of the stability. Numerical examples are given to show the effects of related parameters on the stability boundaries. The validity of longitudinally varying tensions and nonhomogeneous boundary conditions is highlighted by comparing the results of the method of multiple scales with those of a differential quadrature scheme.
Singlet Oxygen Generation and Photoinduced Charge Separation of Tetra Polyethyleneglycol Functionalized Zinc Phthalocyanine-Fullerene Dyad

Utilization of polyethyleneglycol (PEG) functionalized zinc phthalocyanine, (PEG)_4ZnPc in (i) singlet oxygen generation, and (ii) in building energy harvesting donor-acceptor systems using fullerene, C_(60) as an acceptor via the well-known metal-ligand axial coordination approach is reported. The (PEG)_4ZnPc was found to be capable of producing singlet oxygen with a quantum yield, Φ_? of 0.77 in toluene, a value higher than that obtained for pristine (t-bu)_4ZnPc (Φ_?=0.54) carrying no PEG groups, revealing its usefulness in photodynamic therapy applications. Spectroscopic studies revealed efficient binding of phenylimidazole functionalized fullerene, C_(60)Im with 1:1 stoi-chiometry to (PEG)_4ZnPc. Binding constant K for the formation of (PEG)_4ZnPc:ImC_(60) dyad was found to be 6×10~3 M~(-1) revealing moderate stability. Geometric and electronic studies of the dyad was arrived by B3LYP/3-21G(*) method. The HOMO level was found to be on zinc phthalocyanine entity while the LUMO level was found to be on the C60 entity suggesting formation of (PEG)_4ZnPc~(·+):ImC_(60)~(·-) charge separated state during the process of electron transfer reaction. Redox studies on the (PEG)_4ZnPc: ImC_(60) dyad enabled accurate determination of the oxidation and reduction potentials of the donor-acceptor system, and to evaluate free-energy changes associated for the charge separation process. Kinetics of photoinduced charge separation and recombination in the (PEG)_4ZnPc:ImC_(60) dyad was investigated using femtosecond transient absorption studies. Relatively long-lived charge separated states were confirmed for the dyad suggesting their potential usefulness in energy harvesting applications.
The status and distribution characteristics of residual mulching film in Xinjiang, China

Pollution of residual plastic film in arable lands is a severe problem in China. In this study, the status of residual film and influential factors were investigated using the methods of farm survey in combination with questionnaires and quadrat sampling at a large number of field sites in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. The results showed that the amount of film utilization increased largely and reached to 1.8×105 t in 2013. Similarly, the mulching area also substantially increased in recent decades, and reached to 2.7×10~5 ha in the same year. According to the current survey, 60.7% of the sites presented a greater mulch residue than the national film residue standard (75 kg ha~(–1)), and the maximum residual amount reached 502.2 kg ha~(–1) in Turpan, Xinjiang. The film thickness, the mulching time and the crop type all influenced mulch residue. The thickness of the film had significantly negative correlation with the amount of residual film (P<0.05), while the mulching years had significantly positive correlation with it (P<0.05). The total amount of residual film in Xinjiang was 3.43×105 t in 2011, which accounted for 15.3% of the cumulative dosage of mulching. Among all the crops, the cotton fields had the largest residual amount of mulch film (158.4 kg ha~(–1)), and also the largest contribution (2.6×10~5 tons) to the total amount of residual film in Xinjiang.
Genetic diversity center of cultivated soybean (Glycine max) in China - New insight and evidence for the diversity center of Chinese cultivated soybean

Information on the center of genetic diversity of soybean (Glycine max) will be helpful not only for designing efficient strategies for breeding programs, but also for understanding the domestication and origin of this species. Here, we describe an analysis of genetic diversity based on simple-sequence repeat (SSR) variations within a core collection of 2 111 accessions of Chinese soybean landraces. Prior to the diversity assessment, the geographic origin of each accession was mapped. The map was then divided into grids each 2.5° in latitude and 5° in longitude. We found two regions that had higher number of alleles (NA) and greater polymorphic information content (PIC) values than the others. These regions are adjacently located within grid position of 30°–35°N×105°–110°E, which includes the valley of the middle and lower reaches of the Wei River, and the valley of the upper reaches of the Hanjiang River. It was also observed that in many regions, genetic diversity decreased with the increase in distance from the center. Another region, in northern Hebei Province (115°–120°E×40°–42.5°N), was observed having higher diversity than any surrounding regions, indicating that this is a sub-center of soybean diversity. Based on the presented results, the domestication and origin of soybean are also discussed.