mlsa-iai-msu-lab/ru_sci_bench_zho_cite_reranking huggingface dataset:
The evolving role of evidence-based research in healthcare facility design competitions

The architectural design competition remains a widely accepted method to advance design innovation, creativity, theoretical discourse, and the profession. In the realm of healthcare facility design, by contrast, clients and their sponsoring organizations seldom utilize this method. The reasons for this are many, and continue to stand in stark contrast to a growing body of evidence-based research and design (EBR&D)that is potentially of value in improving performance-based dimensions-esthetic and otherwise-of healthcare facilities globally. A comparative analysis of the entrants to a recent U.S. completion was conducted. Based on the results of this analysis, a two-phased healthcare facility design competition paradigm is put forth that is premised on the assumption that the intuitive dimensions of design creativity can be further advanced by means of a well timed and thoughtful injection of quantitatively based knowledge pertaining to patient, family, staff, and organizational concerns and priorities. This proposal's limitations, and future opportunities, are discussed.
Atomistic characterization of binding modes and affinity of peptide inhibitors to amyloid-β protein

The aggregation of amyloid β-protein (Aβ) is tightly linked to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Previous studies have found that three peptide inhibitors (i.e., KLVFF, VVIA, and LPFFD) can inhibit Aβ aggregation and alleviate Aβ-induced neurotoxicity. However, atomic details of binding modes and binding affinities between these peptide inhibitors and Aβ have not been revealed. Here, using molecular dynamics simulations and molecular mechanics Poisson Boltzmann surface area (MM/PBSA) analysis, we examined the effect of three peptide inhibitors (KLVFF, VVIA, and LPFFD) on their sequence-specific interactions with Aβ and the molecular basis of their inhibition. All inhibitors exhibit varied binding affinity to Aβ,in which KLVFF has the highest binding affinity, whereas LPFFD has the least. MM/PBSA analysis further revealed that different peptide inhibitors have different modes of interaction with Aβ, consequently hotspot binding residues, and underlying driving forces. Specific residue-based interactions between inhibitors and Aβ were determined and compared for illustrating different binding and inhibition mechanisms. This work provides structure-based binding information for further modification and optimization of these three peptide inhibitors to enhance their binding and inhibitory abilities against Aβ aggregation.
Fabrication and properties of well-ordered arrays of single-crystalline NiSi_2 nanowires and epitaxial NiSi_2/Si heterostructures

In this study, we reported the design, fabrication, and characterization of wellordered arrays of vertically-aligned, epitaxial NiSi_2/Si heterostructures and singlecrystalline NiSi_2 nanowires on (OOl)Si substrates. The epitaxial NiSi_2 with {111} facets was found to be the first and the only silicide phase formed inside the Si nanowires after annealing at a temperature as low as 300 ℃. Upon annealing at 500 ℃ for 4 h, the residual parts of Si nanowires were completely consumed and the NiSi_2/Si heterostructured nanowires were transformed to fully silicided NiSi_2 nanowires. XRD, TEM and SAED analyses indicated that all the NiSi_2 nanowires were single crystalline and their axial orientations were parallel to the [001] direction. The obtained vertically-aligned NiSi_2 nanowires, owing to their well-ordered arrangement, single-crystalline structure, and low effective work function, exhibit excellent field-emission properties with a very low turn-on field of 1.1 V/m. The surface wettability of the nanowires was found to switch from hydrophobic to hydrophilic after the formation of NiSi_2 phase and the measured water contact angle decreased with increasing extent of Ni silicidation. The increased hydrophilicity can be explained by the Wenzel model. The obtained results present the exciting prospect that the new approach proposed here will provide the capability to fabricate other highly-ordered, vertically-aligned fully silicided nanowire arrays and may offer potential applications in constructing vertical silicide-based nanodevices.
Nanomodification of living organisms by biomimetic mineralization

In nature, a few living organisms such as diatoms, magnetotactic bacteria, and eggs have developed specific mineral structures, which can provide extensive protection or unique functions. However, most organisms do not have such structured materials due to their lack of biomineralization ability. The artificial introduction of biomimetic-constructed nanominerals is challenging but holds great promise. In this overview, we highlight two typical types of mineralliving complex systems. One involves biological surface-induced nanomaterials, which produces artificial living-mineral core-shell structures such as the mineral-encapsulated yeast, cyanobacteria, bacteria and viruses. The other involves internal nanominerals that could endow organisms with unique structures and properties. The applications of these biomimetic generated nanominerals are further discussed, mainly in four potential areas: storage, protection, "stealth" and delivery. Since biomineralization combines chemical, nano and biological technologies, we suggest that nanobiomimetic mineralization may open up another window for interdisciplinary research. Specifically, this is a novel material-based biological regulation strategy and the integration of living organisms with functional nanomaterials can create "super" or intelligent nanoscale living complexes for biotechnological practices.
A survey for Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans in Chinese amphibians

For the last decade, chytridiomycosis was considered to be caused by a single species of fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), but a second chytrid species, Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bs), was recently isolated from an infected Salamandra salamandra in the Netherlands. To date, Bs has only been found in the Netherlands. To assess whether Bs is present in China, we analyzed a total of 665 samples, including 425 wild samples, 41 preserved specimens, and 199 captive samples, from 30 different species, including both urodeles and anurans. Our sample sites covered 15 provinces in China. All of the samples tested negative for Bs, resulting in a 95% confidence limit for a prevalence of 0.6%. The absence of Bs observed in this large-scale survey in China has significant implications for amphibian conservation and for border trade management strategies intended to control amphibian diseases. We strongly recommend the continued close monitoring of Bs to verify the status of this potentially devastating amphibian fungus in China.
Distribution of calcium, nickel, iron, and manganese in super-heavy oil from Liaolhe Oilfield, China

Liaohe super-heavy crude oil was separated into its components, namely saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes (SARA), by the group separation method. Several solvents were used to extract different forms of metallic elements from crude oil. The metallic elements, such as calcium, nickel, iron and manganese, in crude oil, SARA and extract samples were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The results demonstrate that the contents of calcium, nickel, iron, and manganese gradually increase in saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes, suggesting that the abundance of the four metallic elements in asphaltenes is much higher than that in the other groups. For example, the content of calcium in asphaltenes reaches a maximum of 7,920 μg/g. Among the SARA components of Liaohe super-heavy crude oil, resins account for more than 50 wt%, suggesting that the total amount of the four metallic elements are higher in the resin component than in other components. The four metallic elements mainly exist in the form of organic metallic compounds in crude oil. Further analysis shows that calcium and manganese elements exist mainly as metal salts of petroleum acids, and the majority of the iron and all the nickel exist mainly as metalloporphyrin and non-metalloporphyrin compounds.
Cretaceous source rocks and associated oil and gas resources in the world and China: A review

The Cretaceous is one of the most important stratigraphic intervals for hydrocarbon source rocks. This article summarizes the distribution, formation, and development characteristics of Cretaceous source rocks and associated oil and gas resources in the world and China, aiming at improving the understanding of this hydrocarbon enrichment and at broadening domestic exploration. Outside China, these rocks are generally formed in marine or transgressive environments during both the Upper and Lower Cretaceous. The majority of Cretaceous source rocks are located in the Persian Gulf, Mediterranean, and Gulf Coast of the USA. Kerogen types within these source rocks have distinct spatial distribution characteristics, with high-latitude Boreal Realm, Tethyan Realm and South Gondwana Realm source rocks containing type III, II,II-III kerogens, respectively. Cretaceous source rocks in China can be mainly divided into four zones: Eastern, Central, Northwest, and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau zones. The majority of Chinese source rocks formed in the Early Cretaceous, whereas the most productive source rocks are developed in the Upper Cretaceous, such as those within the Songliao Basin. Most of these basins are formed in lacustrine environments, although some may have been influenced by transgressive events. Cretaceous source rocks are formed in four distinctive ways: 1) during Oceanic Anoxic Events and associated global sea-level rises, 2) in Black Sea-type retention basins, 3) during transgression and 4) during periods of significant terrestrial input. Formation of these source rocks is controlled by four factors: paleoclimate, paleotopography, transgression, and Oceanic Anoxic Events. These four major controlling factors indicate that China's hydrocarbon exploration within the Cretaceous should focus on two key areas with extremely low exploration levels, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the southeastern coast of China.
The tectonic fracture modeling of an ultra-low permeability sandstone reservoir based on an outcrop analogy: A case study in the Wangyao Oilfield of Ordos Basin, China

Due to inherent limits of data acquisition and geophysical data resolution, there are large uncertainties in the characterization of subsurface fractures. However, outcrop analogies can provide qualitative and quantitative information on a large number of fractures, based on which the accuracy of subsurface fracture characterization can be improved. Here we take the tectonic fracture modeling of an ultra-low permeability sandstone reservoir based on an outcrop analogy, a case study of the Chang611 Formation of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Group of the Wangyao Oilfield in the Ordos Basin of China. An outcrop at the edge of the basin is a suitable analog for the reservoir, but the prerequisite is that they must have equivalent previous stress fields, similar final structural characteristics, relative timing and an identical depositional environment and diagenesis. The relationship among fracture density, rock type and bed thickness based on the outcrop is one of the most important fracture distribution models, and can be used to interpret fracture density in individual wells quantitatively. Fracture orientation, dip, geometry and scale, also should be described and measured in the outcrop, and can be used together with structure restoration and single well fracture density interpretation to guide fracture intensity prediction on bed surfaces and to constrain the construction of the 3D fracture geometry model of the subsurface reservoir. The application of the above principles shows the outcrop-based tectonic fracture models of the target ultra-low permeability sandstone reservoir are consistent with fractures inferred from microseismic interpretation and tracer tests. This illustrated that the fracture modeling based on the outcrop analogy is reliable and can reduce the uncertainty in stochastic fracture modeling.
肾去交感神经治疗难治性高血压——Symplicity HTN-2研究36个月随访结果

高血压的流行已经成为威胁全球人类健康的严重问题。尽管药物治疗不断发展,仍有一部分患者的血压得不到有效控制。难治性高血压定义为服用包括利尿剂在内的≥3种降压药,血压仍≥140/90 mmHg。即使去除了一些影响因素,如白大衣性高血压、药物治疗不规范、不恰当的药物组合和剂量,估计仍有5%~16%的高血压人群是难治性高血压。
联合拉帕替尼不能改善治疗激素受体阳性晚期乳腺癌的疗效

来自美国波士顿Dana-Farber癌症研究所的Burstein教授和他的团队进行了一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的Ⅲ期临床研究——CALGB40302 (Alliance),试图确定在接受氟维司群治疗的激素受体阳性的转移性乳腺癌患者中添加拉帕替尼是否可以改善无进展生存期(progression-free survival,PFS)。
难治性高血压的临床研究进展

2013年我国心血管疾病报告显示,我国15岁以上人群高血压患病率约24%,且年增长率约3%,估计我国现有高血压患者大约2.7亿,即每5个成年人中至少有1个高血压患者,而且我国高血压呈现“四低”特点,即知晓率、治疗率、控制率和治疗依从率较低,分别约为48%、40%、10%和30%,未控制的高血压可促进动脉粥样硬化的进展,导致靶器官损害,甚至严重的并发症,如:脑卒中、心脏病、肾脏病、外周血管疾病和眼底疾病等,高血压并发症有“四高”特点,即发病率高、病死率高、致残率高和治疗负担高,严重影响患者的生活质量和寿命,同时也给患者及患者家庭带来严重的经济负担。难治性高血压患者比非难治性高血压患者心血管事件发生率高50%。然而,影响血压未达标的因素较多,也给难治性高血压的诊断和治疗带来困难,目前有效的诊断和治疗方法也在积极探索和开展,在难治性高血压领域也取得了一定的成就,近年来交感神经射频消融术治疗难治性高血压技术为治疗高血压作出了一定的贡献,其它方法也在如火如荼地进行着。本文旨在归纳总结难治性高血压的临床特点、诊断方法和治疗方式,以帮助临床医生更好地了解、发现和治疗难治性高血压。
Spatial distribution of δ~2H and δ~(18)O values in the hydrologic cycle of the Nile Basin

Existing δ~2H and δ~(18)O values for precipitation and surface water in the Nile Basin were used to analyze precipitation inputs and the influence of evaporation on the isotopic signal of the Nile River and its tributaries. The goal of the data analysis was to better understand basin processes that influence seasonal streamflow for the source waters of the Nile River, because climate and hydrologic models have continued to produce high uncertainty in the prediction of precipitation and streamflow in the Nile Basin. An evaluation of differences in precipitation δ~2H and δ~(18)O values through linear regression and distribution analysis indicate variation by region and season in the isotopic signal of precipitation across the Nile Basin. The White Nile Basin receives precipitation with a more depleted isotopic signal compared to the Blue Nile Basin. The hot temperatures of the Sahelian spring produce a greater evaporation signal in the precipitation isotope distribution compared to precipitation in the Sahara/Mediterranean region, which can be influenced by storms moving in from the Mediterranean Sea. The larger evaporative effect is reversed for the two regions in summer because of the cooling of the Sahel from inflow of Indian Ocean monsoon moisture that predominantly influences the climate of the Blue Nile Basin. The regional precipitation isotopic signals convey to each region's streamflow, which is further modified by additional evaporation according to the local climate. Isotope ratios for White Nile streamflow are significantly altered by evaporation in the Sudd, but this isotopic signal is minimized for streamflow in the Nile River during the winter, spring and summer seasons because of the flow dominance of the Blue Nile. During fall, the contribution from the White Nile may exceed that of the Blue Nile, and the heavier isotopic signal of the White Nile becomes apparent. The variation in climatic conditions of the Nile River Basin provides a means of identifying mechanistic processes through changes in isotope ratios of hydrogen and oxygen, which have utility for separating precipitation origin and the effect of evaporation during seasonal periods. The existing isotope record for precipitation and streamflow in the Nile Basin can be used to evaluate predicted streamflow in the Nile River from a changing climate that is expected to induce further changes in precipitation patterns across the Nile Basin.
Topographic differentiations of biological soil crusts and hydraulic properties in fixed sand dunes, Tengger Desert

Biological soil crusts (BSCs) play an important role in surface soil hydrology. Soils dominated with moss BSCs may have higher infiltration rates than those dominated with cyanobacteria or algal BSCs. However, it is unnown whether improved infiltration in moss BSCs is accompanied by an increase in soil hydraulic conductivity or water retention capacity. We investigated this question in the Tengger Desert, where a 43-year-old revegetation program has promoted the formation of two distinct types of BSCs along topographic positions, i.e. the moss-dominated BSCs on the interdune land and windward slopes of the fixed sand dunes, and the algal-dominated BSCs on the crest and leeward slopes. Soil water retention capacity and hydraulic conductivity were measured using an indoor evaporation method and a field infiltration method. And the results were fitted to the van Genuchten-Mualem model. Unsaturated hydraulic conductivities under greater water pressure (<-0.01 MPa) and water retention capacities in the entire pressure head range were higher for both crust types than for bare sand. However, saturated and unsaturated hydraulic conductivities in the near-saturation range (>-0.01 MPa) showed decreasing trends from bare sand to moss crusts and to algal crusts. Our data suggested that topographic differentiation of BSCs significantly affected not only soil water retention and hydraulic conductivities, but also the overall hydrology of the fixed sand dunes at a landscape scale, as seen in the reduction and spatial variability in deep soil water storage.
Constraining parameter space of the little Higgs model using data from tera-Z factory and ILC

The Standard Model (SM) prediction on the forward-backward asymmetry for bb~- production (A~b_(FB)) is well consistent with the data of LEP I at the Z-pole, but deviates from the data at √s=89.55 and 92.95 GeV which are slightly away from the pole. This deviation implies that there is still room for new physics. We calculate the A~b_(FB) at the vicinity of the Z-pole in the little Higgs model as well as other measurable parameters such as R_b and R_c,by which we may constrain the parameter space of the little Higgs model. This can be further tested in the newly proposed tera-Z factory. With the fitted parameters we further make predictions on A~b_(FB) and AtFB for tt production at the International Linear Collider (ILC).
A structural perspective on nuclear receptors as targets of environmental compounds

Nuclear receptors (NRs) are members of a large superfamily of evolutionarily related transcription factors that control a plethora of biological processes. NRs orchestrate complex events such as development, organ homeostasis, metabolism, immune function, and reproduction. Approximately one-half of the 48 human NRs have been shown to act as ligand-regulated transcription factors and respond directly to a large variety of endogenous hormones and metabolites that are generally hydrophobic and small in size (eg, retinoic acid or estradiol). The second half of the NR family comprises the so-called orphan receptors, for which regulatory ligands are still unknown or may not exist despite the presence of a C-terminal ligand-binding domain, which is the hallmark of all NRs. Several chemicals released into the environment (eg, bisphenols, phthalates, parabens, etc) share some physicochemical properties with natural ligands, allowing them to bind to NRs and activate or inhibit their action. Collectively referred to as endocrine disruptors or endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), these environmental pollutants are highly suspected to cause a wide range of developmental, reproductive, neurological, or metabolic defects in humans and wildlife. Crystallographic studies are revealing unanticipated mechanisms by which chemically diverse EDCs interact with the ligand-binding domain of NRs. These studies thereby provide a rational basis for designing novel chemicals with lower impacts on human and animal health. In this review, we provide a structural and mechanistic view of endocrine disrupting action using estrogen receptors a and β, (ERα/β), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor y (PPARy), and their respective environmental ligands as representative examples.
中国“急救”今论(系列)之六我国急救急诊医学专业杂志的创刊发行历程

建国以来,我国急救急诊医疗事业取得了长足发展。其中相关的专业期刊也逐年增多,迄今国内公开出版发行的此类学术杂志已多达10余种。这从一个侧面也反映出了全国急救急诊医疗事业的成长变化与发展进步。现依据其创刊出版的发行的年代顺序进行梳理和逐一简介。
汇聚政府及社会力量关爱尘肺患者

当前,尘肺病已经成为我国职业病的主要病种,发病率高居职业病之首。国家卫计委公布的资料显示,截至2011年底,全国累计报告尘肺病702 942例。据国家卫计委2013年9月16日发布的资料显示,2012年,全国共报告职业病新发病例27 420例,其中尘肺病24206例,占当年职业病报告总例数的88.28%。尘肺病在以每年2万多例的速度递增。近年来,通过媒体,尤其是网络媒体,越来越多的群体性尘肺病案得以曝光,使我们更加清晰地看到,导致群体尘肺病案件被一步步激化为突发群体性公共事件的主要原因,恰恰在于我国职业病救济制度本身。众多尘肺病患者由于无法获得应有的救治和赔偿,在万般无奈之下,将他们的诉求对象指向各级政府,进而引发群体性事件。在这类事件发生后,地方政府往往采取临时措施,向尘肺病患者支付一定数额的救济金,以暂时平息不满。但是,在群体性尘肺病案件急剧增加的情况下,这种“地方政府为雇主买单”的做法绝非长久之计,特别是尘肺病患者多居住在贫困地区,这对当地政府来说,是难以承受之重。我作为第十一届、第十二届全国人大代表也曾多次写提议,建议政府加强对尘肺病诊治的重视。2013年政府相关部门到无锡市进行了尘肺病诊治及医疗救助的调研。
前纵隔组合性淋巴瘤1例

讨论1954年Custer最早将“患者发生一种以上组织学形态的淋巴瘤”命名为CL。1977年Kim等将CL定义为“在同一器官或肿块内的两种组织学类型不同的非霍奇金淋巴瘤(non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, NHL)或 NHL 和霍奇金病(Hodgkin's disease, HD)的组合”。1977年 Dorfman 首先将CL列入NHL分类。1982年NHL工作方案也将CL定义为“在单一器官或组织内的两种完全不同类型的NHL或少见的某种HL和HD的组合”。该定义仅依据组织形态学定义,随着免疫组化和分子遗传学技术的进展,认为不能广义地将同一部位存在两种组织学类型的淋巴瘤均作为CL,例如滤泡型淋巴瘤和弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(diffuse large B cell lymphoma, DLBCL)同时存在于同一解剖部位现不认为是CL。狭义的CL是指在同一解剖部位同时存在能清楚地分开HL和NHL的两种成分。本例为PMBL与结节硬化型经典型HL组合,符合CL的定义。
肾小管间质性肾炎—葡萄膜炎综合征一例

肾小管间质性肾炎-葡萄膜炎综合征(tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome,TINU)是一类独立、与机体免疫紊乱相关、急性小管间质性肾炎(ATIN)合并眼葡萄膜炎的临床症候群。目前国内报道的TINU较少,同行们对该病的认识不足,易导致误诊、漏诊。现将本院确诊的一例TINU报告如下。
气相色谱法测定医药中间体2-甲氧基-4-氯-5-氟嘧啶含量

早期的研究表明5-氟胞嘧啶具有抗霉菌活性,对念珠菌、隐球菌和新型囊球菌等有明显抑制和杀灭作用。随后的研究又发现,无毒副作用的5-氟胞嘧啶是抗肿瘤药物5-氟尿嘧啶的前体药物,在临床医学上有重要的应用价值。
Discovery of the migrasome, an organelle mediating release of cytoplasmic contents during cell migration

Cells communicate with each other through secreting and releasing proteins and vesicles. Many cells can migrate. In this study, we report the discovery of migracytosis, a cell migration-dependent mechanism for releasing cellular contents, and migrasomes, the vesicular structures that mediate migracytosis. As migrating cells move, they leave long tubular strands, called retraction fibers, behind them. Large vesicles, which contain numerous smaller vesicles, grow on the tips and intersections of retraction fibers. These fibers, which connect the vesicles with the main cell body, eventually break, and the vesicles are released into the extracellular space or directly taken up by surrounding cells. Since the formation of these vesicles is migration-dependent, we named them "migrasomes". We also found that cytosolic contents can be transported into migrasomes and released from the cell through migrasomes. We named this migration-dependent release mechanism "migracytosis".
肾病研究的王者矢志高飞的海燕

噩耗突袭,医界震惊。中国共产党党员、国际著名肾脏病学家、原中华医学会副会长、原中华医学会内科学分会和肾脏病学分会主任委员、《中华内科杂志》第八和第九届总编辑及第十届名誉总编辑、原北京大学第一医院副院长、北京大学肾脏病研究所所长、我尊敬的师长和忘年之交王海燕教授因突发疾病医治无效,于2014年12月11日凌晨3时52分在北京逝世,享年77岁。惊悉王教授在喜寿之年驾鹤西去,我们一直沉浸在悲痛之中。当在遗体告别时再次目睹那熟悉的面容时,往事挥之不去。笔者在学会工作的30年中,与王教授相处长达20多年,尤其是她就任《中华内科杂志》总编辑的12年中,通过频繁的日常接触,不仅耳濡目染了她严谨的学风,更敬佩她刚正不阿、特立独行的人品。回首自己成长的经历中,充满着这位严师益友的奖掖和提携。为了铭记王教授对学会和杂志的巨大贡献,现将记忆中与她有关的雪泥鸿爪笔录于此,以寄托无尽的哀思。
Misdiagnosis of Liver Infarction after Cesarean Section in a Patient with Antiphospholipid Syndrome During Pregnancy

To the Editor: The liver has a dual blood supply via the hepatic artery and portal vein, and there also exist multiple levels of collateralization and hence blockage of these vessels alone usually does not cause liver infarction. Hence, infarction of the liver is relatively rare clinically. Here is a case of misdiagnosis of liver infarction.