# Analysis of the Communication Method of National Traditional Sports Culture Based on Deep Learning

Authors: Xiaohua He; Shihua Tian
Journal: Scientific Programming
 (2022)

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## Abstract

Like the Chinese nation, China's national traditional sports culture has a long history and is a treasure of Chinese national culture, reflecting the life, customs, wisdom, and pursuit of the people of all ethnic groups in China. The dissemination of national traditional sports culture is not only a necessary method for our country's cultural export but also a necessary means to maintain the diversity of world sports culture. However, there are still serious deficiencies in the dissemination of national traditional sports culture in our country, and some traditional national sports cultures are not even known to the public. Starting from the two communication methods of sports events and network communication, this paper studies the three mature national traditional sports cultures of martial arts (Wushu), Go, and Chinese chess and proposes a quantitative method for communication methods and communication effects. We further analyze the role of national traditional sports culture in cultural communication.


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## Body

## 1. Introduction

### 1.1. Relevant Concepts of National Traditional Sports Culture

National traditional sports is a form of national sports culture separated and highlighted from the national community culture, and it is an important part of our country's socialist sports cause. As a supplement and improvement of human social culture, national sports culture not only has the characteristics of general culture but also has its own unique connotation and national cultural characteristics. National traditional sports can generally refer to the traditional sports activities carried out by a specific nation within a certain range, with strong national cultural color and characteristics. The “tradition” refers to the sum of fundamental models, patterns, and norms handed down through the ages. The traditional sports of the Chinese nation has a long history. It is a treasure of the Chinese national culture and reflects the life, customs, wisdom, and pursuit of the people of all ethnic groups in China. The state attaches great importance to traditional national sports and has successfully excavated and sorted out 977 items of traditional national sports [1]. With such a wide variety of sports, it is essential to study them by category. Compared with modern sports, our country's traditional national sports are still lacking in scientific quantification. Therefore, considering the classification according to the degree of development and change of national traditional sports, that is, according to its current development form, it can be classified as follows [2]:(1)
Fossil type: prevalent in ancient times, but basically disappeared in modern times.(2)
Primitive: no significant change in content or form relative to its origin.(3)
Developmental type: changes in form relative to its early days.(4)
Mature type: there are corresponding rules, but they need to be perfected.(5)
Gradually mature type: after the test of practice, it has become a sports event for the entire Chinese nation and is integrated into modern competitive sports, such as Wushu, Go, and chess.Taking into account the higher dissemination value of the mature national traditional sports culture, this paper selects three mature national traditional sports cultures of Wushu, Go, and Chinese chess for research.


### 1.2. Research Background

In the middle of the nineteenth century, with the invasion of our country by Western invaders, modern Western culture poured into China and took root and developed rapidly in Chinese society, thus shaking the dominance of traditional Chinese culture in social life. As a result, the traditional Chinese national sports culture has lost its status under the impact of modern Western sports culture, and almost all of it has given way to Western sports, except for a few contents such as martial arts and Go, which have been transformed into sports and competitive events. Since the founding of China, our country has attached great importance to the traditional national sports culture. In 1997, the State Council set up four second-level disciplines under the first-level discipline “Physical Education,” including “National Traditional Sports Science.” In 1998, the Ministry of Education added “national traditional sports” to its newly revised catalogue of undergraduate majors in colleges and universities. After so many years of development, the national traditional sports profession has achieved remarkable development. For example, the government organized and published the “Chinese National Traditional Sports Chronicle” [1], regularly held the National Ethnic Minority Games and held academic seminars on traditional national sports. However, compared with Western sports, the national status of traditional national sports is too small, and the level of development is far behind. It can even be said that traditional national sports culture is gradually being marginalized [3]. Therefore, the research on the communication method of the national traditional sports culture has certain practical significance. According to the research results, the construction of the communication method of the national traditional sports culture can be promoted in a targeted manner, thereby promoting the development of the national traditional sports culture.In the socialist cultural undertaking system, sports culture is an indispensable part, and traditional national sports culture is an important tributary of sports culture. The establishment of cultural self-confidence and the realization of a culturally powerful country are inseparable from the support of traditional national sports culture. At present, under the infiltration of traditional culture and the promotion of modern technology, the national traditional sports culture has increasingly penetrated into the daily life of the public and has achieved rapid and far-reaching dissemination with the help of new media.


### 1.3. Significance

With the increasing importance of national traditional sports culture, many scholars have also carried out research and exploration in this field. This promotes the development of national traditional sports culture.The value of the dissemination of national traditional sports culture to Chinese culture and world culture includes promoting cultural exchanges, disseminating Chinese excellent culture, and promoting diversified integration of world cultures. The influence of communication methods on cultural communication cannot be ignored. The research can provide guidance for the influence of traditional ethnic sports culture communication methods on the communication effect, which is conducive to further excavating the built-in attributes and values of ethnic traditional sports culture and is conducive to the realization of national traditional sports culture. The innovation and development of sports culture bring better dissemination and development to national traditional sports and traditional Chinese culture. At the same time, the research shows the importance of modern network media to the dissemination of traditional national culture. With the help of the characteristics of network media such as rapid dissemination and wide audience, it can truly deepen and expand the essence and connotation of traditional national sports culture. It can also drive the development of socialist national culture and accelerate the process of building a socialist cultural power. In addition, this paper innovatively quantitatively analyzes cultural communication methods and communication effects and combines deep learning for regression analysis. Also, it can provide a way of quantitative analysis combined with data-driven model for the study of other national traditional sports culture communication methods or other cultural communication fields.


### 1.4. Research Motivation

Objectively speaking, the entry of national traditional sports into modern society is not smooth. It is rooted in and shuttled from the long-term agricultural society, and the hybridity of culture is unavoidable, and some lagging cultures dormant in it are gradually eroding and tearing apart the traditional national sports culture system. Therefore, how to use new information technology to strip off the dross and retain the essence has become an important mission in the process of national traditional sports culture dissemination. Based on this, the purpose of this paper is to compare and analyze the positive significance of new media and traditional media in the dissemination of national traditional sports culture, objectively analyze the existing deficiencies, and seek the correct path for the dissemination of traditional national sports culture under new media. Based on the work of predecessors and our innovative design, we seek to maximize the communication effect and then highlight and promote the traditional national sports culture, so as to achieve its effective flow and efficient spread around the world.


## 1.1. Relevant Concepts of National Traditional Sports Culture

National traditional sports is a form of national sports culture separated and highlighted from the national community culture, and it is an important part of our country's socialist sports cause. As a supplement and improvement of human social culture, national sports culture not only has the characteristics of general culture but also has its own unique connotation and national cultural characteristics. National traditional sports can generally refer to the traditional sports activities carried out by a specific nation within a certain range, with strong national cultural color and characteristics. The “tradition” refers to the sum of fundamental models, patterns, and norms handed down through the ages. The traditional sports of the Chinese nation has a long history. It is a treasure of the Chinese national culture and reflects the life, customs, wisdom, and pursuit of the people of all ethnic groups in China. The state attaches great importance to traditional national sports and has successfully excavated and sorted out 977 items of traditional national sports [1]. With such a wide variety of sports, it is essential to study them by category. Compared with modern sports, our country's traditional national sports are still lacking in scientific quantification. Therefore, considering the classification according to the degree of development and change of national traditional sports, that is, according to its current development form, it can be classified as follows [2]:(1)
Fossil type: prevalent in ancient times, but basically disappeared in modern times.(2)
Primitive: no significant change in content or form relative to its origin.(3)
Developmental type: changes in form relative to its early days.(4)
Mature type: there are corresponding rules, but they need to be perfected.(5)
Gradually mature type: after the test of practice, it has become a sports event for the entire Chinese nation and is integrated into modern competitive sports, such as Wushu, Go, and chess.Taking into account the higher dissemination value of the mature national traditional sports culture, this paper selects three mature national traditional sports cultures of Wushu, Go, and Chinese chess for research.


## 1.2. Research Background

In the middle of the nineteenth century, with the invasion of our country by Western invaders, modern Western culture poured into China and took root and developed rapidly in Chinese society, thus shaking the dominance of traditional Chinese culture in social life. As a result, the traditional Chinese national sports culture has lost its status under the impact of modern Western sports culture, and almost all of it has given way to Western sports, except for a few contents such as martial arts and Go, which have been transformed into sports and competitive events. Since the founding of China, our country has attached great importance to the traditional national sports culture. In 1997, the State Council set up four second-level disciplines under the first-level discipline “Physical Education,” including “National Traditional Sports Science.” In 1998, the Ministry of Education added “national traditional sports” to its newly revised catalogue of undergraduate majors in colleges and universities. After so many years of development, the national traditional sports profession has achieved remarkable development. For example, the government organized and published the “Chinese National Traditional Sports Chronicle” [1], regularly held the National Ethnic Minority Games and held academic seminars on traditional national sports. However, compared with Western sports, the national status of traditional national sports is too small, and the level of development is far behind. It can even be said that traditional national sports culture is gradually being marginalized [3]. Therefore, the research on the communication method of the national traditional sports culture has certain practical significance. According to the research results, the construction of the communication method of the national traditional sports culture can be promoted in a targeted manner, thereby promoting the development of the national traditional sports culture.In the socialist cultural undertaking system, sports culture is an indispensable part, and traditional national sports culture is an important tributary of sports culture. The establishment of cultural self-confidence and the realization of a culturally powerful country are inseparable from the support of traditional national sports culture. At present, under the infiltration of traditional culture and the promotion of modern technology, the national traditional sports culture has increasingly penetrated into the daily life of the public and has achieved rapid and far-reaching dissemination with the help of new media.


## 1.3. Significance

With the increasing importance of national traditional sports culture, many scholars have also carried out research and exploration in this field. This promotes the development of national traditional sports culture.The value of the dissemination of national traditional sports culture to Chinese culture and world culture includes promoting cultural exchanges, disseminating Chinese excellent culture, and promoting diversified integration of world cultures. The influence of communication methods on cultural communication cannot be ignored. The research can provide guidance for the influence of traditional ethnic sports culture communication methods on the communication effect, which is conducive to further excavating the built-in attributes and values of ethnic traditional sports culture and is conducive to the realization of national traditional sports culture. The innovation and development of sports culture bring better dissemination and development to national traditional sports and traditional Chinese culture. At the same time, the research shows the importance of modern network media to the dissemination of traditional national culture. With the help of the characteristics of network media such as rapid dissemination and wide audience, it can truly deepen and expand the essence and connotation of traditional national sports culture. It can also drive the development of socialist national culture and accelerate the process of building a socialist cultural power. In addition, this paper innovatively quantitatively analyzes cultural communication methods and communication effects and combines deep learning for regression analysis. Also, it can provide a way of quantitative analysis combined with data-driven model for the study of other national traditional sports culture communication methods or other cultural communication fields.


## 1.4. Research Motivation

Objectively speaking, the entry of national traditional sports into modern society is not smooth. It is rooted in and shuttled from the long-term agricultural society, and the hybridity of culture is unavoidable, and some lagging cultures dormant in it are gradually eroding and tearing apart the traditional national sports culture system. Therefore, how to use new information technology to strip off the dross and retain the essence has become an important mission in the process of national traditional sports culture dissemination. Based on this, the purpose of this paper is to compare and analyze the positive significance of new media and traditional media in the dissemination of national traditional sports culture, objectively analyze the existing deficiencies, and seek the correct path for the dissemination of traditional national sports culture under new media. Based on the work of predecessors and our innovative design, we seek to maximize the communication effect and then highlight and promote the traditional national sports culture, so as to achieve its effective flow and efficient spread around the world.


## 2. Related Work

Based on the existing research progress of national traditional sports culture dissemination and deep learning research, this paper adopts deep learning method to study the method of national traditional sports culture dissemination.


### 2.1. Research on National Traditional Sports and Its Cultural Dissemination

With the support of the state, as early as the 1990s, 977 traditional Chinese sports have been excavated and included [1]. According to the degree of development, some scholars divide them into five types: fossil type, primitive type, developmental type, more mature type, and mature type [2]. These works have promoted the research on the dissemination of national traditional sports culture. Some studies have pointed out that at this stage, the main channels for the dissemination of traditional national sports culture in our country are (1) school education dissemination; (2) mass fitness activity dissemination; (3) sports competition dissemination; (4) modern tourism dissemination; and (5) intangible cultural heritage protection and dissemination [4]. At present, the main difficulties in the dissemination of traditional national sports culture in our country include (a) weak dissemination and insufficient modern media; (b) the means are rigid; the content, method, and technology of communication are inflexible, and the communication method is too official, which does not conform to the habits of some recipient countries [5]. In addition, the organization, management, and operation of the dissemination of traditional national sports culture in our country need to be strengthened. The relevant theoretical research lags behind the needs of dissemination and lacks a deep understanding of the international dissemination environment [6]. Some researchers have pointed out that in the information age, the new media represented by Internet technology are considered an important carrier for the dissemination of traditional national sports culture. Under the background of “Internet +,” the functions and characteristics of new media have also attracted more and more attention, and it has also provided a new opportunity for the dissemination of traditional national sports culture [7]. In addition, some researchers pointed out that our country's “Belt and Road Initiative” policy can promote the dissemination of national traditional culture, and the dissemination of national traditional culture can also promote the “The belt, the road” cultural integration and development [5].We comprehensively consider the clear and verifiable characteristics of sports competitions, the current rapid development of the Internet, the demand for data from deep learning, and the natural data volume advantage of modern network media. In the end, we choose the communication methods of sports competitions and network media as the research objects of the communication methods of national traditional sports culture.


### 2.2. Research on Deep Learning

Deep learning is a branch of machine learning, which is based on neural networks and uses a large amount of data to fit a deep neural network to learn features of the data. In 1943, [8] proposed the neuron model, and the neural network was born. In 1969, Papert's “perceptron” pointed out that a single-layer perceptron could not solve the XOR gate problem, which made the research on neural network perceptrons into a low ebb. In 1986, jointly published the famous BP algorithm [9]. In this paper, the application of BP algorithm in the shallow feedforward neural network model is explained for the first time, which obviously reduces the computational complexity of the optimization problem. The BP algorithm solves the XOR gate problem that the perceptron cannot solve by increasing the hidden layer, and the research and application of neural networks have recovered since then. Hinton proposed in 2006 that the multi-hidden-layer neural network has better feature learning ability, and the training difficulty can be alleviated by “layer-by-layer initialization” [10], which has triggered an upsurge in the research and application of deep learning. Glorot et al. proposed the ReLU activation function [11], and the simple form of its derivative greatly speeds up the computation of deep neural networks. He et al. proposed a residual network [12], which reduces the burden of network training through the skip connection structure across network layers, thus making it possible to train with a deeper network (even more than 1000 layers).


### 2.3. Research on Internet + Sports Development Model

At present, from the literature review, the research on the Internet + sports model mainly focuses on sports software applications, sports artificial intelligence, sports teaching, sports events, and sports e-commerce.MOOC can be used as auxiliary teaching in physical education classroom. Once students fail to understand the teacher's classroom content, students can review in time by reviewing MOOC courses. This is a typical successful representative of Internet + school sports. As a new teaching mode, MOOC provides a new way for the teaching of traditional physical education courses.For the main application software for physical exercise of the current social community, there are various mobile phone running applications on the market, such as KEEP, Nike+, Xiaomi APP, and so on. These software programs can provide data such as positioning movement trajectory, movement speed, and physiological signs. By uploading the big data generated by the software to the network or the analysis module of the software to analyze the user's movement behavior, the data and results can be shared on various social platforms.Live media and platforms use big data applications to gain higher viewership and to bring in more advertising revenue. Sports fans can enjoy a richer viewing experience. The popularity of the mobile Internet has also provided sports fans with opportunities to share more sports culture and has also greatly narrowed the distance from idols. APP has become an important support for the development of the tourism industry. People make online purchases and offline consumption patterns through software. People can book the desired itinerary in advance on the client side. On the other hand, the tourism APP will expand the integration degree of tourism resource optimization, continuously integrate virtual tourism resources, and maximize revenue.With the improvement of people's living standards, the per capita consumption level is also rising substantially. In 2021, users' consumption of sporting goods and sports-related services increased by 38.5%, and the time invested in sports activities also increased by 47%, showing a rapid growth trend. The commercial influence that sports players have during the Olympics is also staggering. To sum up, we can see that Internet + has penetrated into all aspects of sports. With the help of a series of platforms provided by Internet+, Chinese sports researchers have combined the discipline branches of sports to promote the development of school sports teaching, sports software, sports artificial intelligence, sports tourism, and other models to varying degrees.


## 2.1. Research on National Traditional Sports and Its Cultural Dissemination

With the support of the state, as early as the 1990s, 977 traditional Chinese sports have been excavated and included [1]. According to the degree of development, some scholars divide them into five types: fossil type, primitive type, developmental type, more mature type, and mature type [2]. These works have promoted the research on the dissemination of national traditional sports culture. Some studies have pointed out that at this stage, the main channels for the dissemination of traditional national sports culture in our country are (1) school education dissemination; (2) mass fitness activity dissemination; (3) sports competition dissemination; (4) modern tourism dissemination; and (5) intangible cultural heritage protection and dissemination [4]. At present, the main difficulties in the dissemination of traditional national sports culture in our country include (a) weak dissemination and insufficient modern media; (b) the means are rigid; the content, method, and technology of communication are inflexible, and the communication method is too official, which does not conform to the habits of some recipient countries [5]. In addition, the organization, management, and operation of the dissemination of traditional national sports culture in our country need to be strengthened. The relevant theoretical research lags behind the needs of dissemination and lacks a deep understanding of the international dissemination environment [6]. Some researchers have pointed out that in the information age, the new media represented by Internet technology are considered an important carrier for the dissemination of traditional national sports culture. Under the background of “Internet +,” the functions and characteristics of new media have also attracted more and more attention, and it has also provided a new opportunity for the dissemination of traditional national sports culture [7]. In addition, some researchers pointed out that our country's “Belt and Road Initiative” policy can promote the dissemination of national traditional culture, and the dissemination of national traditional culture can also promote the “The belt, the road” cultural integration and development [5].We comprehensively consider the clear and verifiable characteristics of sports competitions, the current rapid development of the Internet, the demand for data from deep learning, and the natural data volume advantage of modern network media. In the end, we choose the communication methods of sports competitions and network media as the research objects of the communication methods of national traditional sports culture.


## 2.2. Research on Deep Learning

Deep learning is a branch of machine learning, which is based on neural networks and uses a large amount of data to fit a deep neural network to learn features of the data. In 1943, [8] proposed the neuron model, and the neural network was born. In 1969, Papert's “perceptron” pointed out that a single-layer perceptron could not solve the XOR gate problem, which made the research on neural network perceptrons into a low ebb. In 1986, jointly published the famous BP algorithm [9]. In this paper, the application of BP algorithm in the shallow feedforward neural network model is explained for the first time, which obviously reduces the computational complexity of the optimization problem. The BP algorithm solves the XOR gate problem that the perceptron cannot solve by increasing the hidden layer, and the research and application of neural networks have recovered since then. Hinton proposed in 2006 that the multi-hidden-layer neural network has better feature learning ability, and the training difficulty can be alleviated by “layer-by-layer initialization” [10], which has triggered an upsurge in the research and application of deep learning. Glorot et al. proposed the ReLU activation function [11], and the simple form of its derivative greatly speeds up the computation of deep neural networks. He et al. proposed a residual network [12], which reduces the burden of network training through the skip connection structure across network layers, thus making it possible to train with a deeper network (even more than 1000 layers).


## 2.3. Research on Internet + Sports Development Model

At present, from the literature review, the research on the Internet + sports model mainly focuses on sports software applications, sports artificial intelligence, sports teaching, sports events, and sports e-commerce.MOOC can be used as auxiliary teaching in physical education classroom. Once students fail to understand the teacher's classroom content, students can review in time by reviewing MOOC courses. This is a typical successful representative of Internet + school sports. As a new teaching mode, MOOC provides a new way for the teaching of traditional physical education courses.For the main application software for physical exercise of the current social community, there are various mobile phone running applications on the market, such as KEEP, Nike+, Xiaomi APP, and so on. These software programs can provide data such as positioning movement trajectory, movement speed, and physiological signs. By uploading the big data generated by the software to the network or the analysis module of the software to analyze the user's movement behavior, the data and results can be shared on various social platforms.Live media and platforms use big data applications to gain higher viewership and to bring in more advertising revenue. Sports fans can enjoy a richer viewing experience. The popularity of the mobile Internet has also provided sports fans with opportunities to share more sports culture and has also greatly narrowed the distance from idols. APP has become an important support for the development of the tourism industry. People make online purchases and offline consumption patterns through software. People can book the desired itinerary in advance on the client side. On the other hand, the tourism APP will expand the integration degree of tourism resource optimization, continuously integrate virtual tourism resources, and maximize revenue.With the improvement of people's living standards, the per capita consumption level is also rising substantially. In 2021, users' consumption of sporting goods and sports-related services increased by 38.5%, and the time invested in sports activities also increased by 47%, showing a rapid growth trend. The commercial influence that sports players have during the Olympics is also staggering. To sum up, we can see that Internet + has penetrated into all aspects of sports. With the help of a series of platforms provided by Internet+, Chinese sports researchers have combined the discipline branches of sports to promote the development of school sports teaching, sports software, sports artificial intelligence, sports tourism, and other models to varying degrees.


## 3. Preliminaries

### 3.1. Regression Analysis

On the basis of mastering a large number of observation data, the regression analysis method uses mathematical statistics to establish a functional expression between independent variables and dependent variables, that is, regression equations. If the dependent variable of the regression model is more than one function form of the independent variable, it is called nonlinear regression, and the corresponding regression model is called a nonlinear regression model. Due to the complexity of practical problems, regression functions are often complex nonlinear functions. For example, if you perform regression analysis on the scatter data in Figure1 and if you use linear regression to fit the data, there will obviously be a large error. The easiest way to do this is to fit the data using a function of second or higher order. For complex data situations in practical problems, it is only necessary to select a more complex nonlinear function to fit the data.Figure 1
Example where nonlinear regression is required.


### 3.2. Neural Networks

Neural network is a branch of machine learning, introduced by the proposal of neuron model. The most commonly used optimization algorithm in the training process of neural network is the gradient descent method, and in the deep neural network, the BP algorithm [9] is an important algorithm for the gradient to be backpropagated.


#### 3.2.1. Neuron Model

The neuron model was first proposed by psychologist McCulloch and mathematician Pitts in 1943 [10], as shown in Figure 2.Figure 2
A diagram structure of neuron model.xi,i=1,2,…,n is the input signal, wij represents the weight from input j to neuron i, x0 and its corresponding weight term are bias terms, and f is the activation function. The output of the neuron yi is(1)Y=f∑j=1nWijXj+θi,or it can be written in vectorized form:(2)Y=fWX+θ.A neural network is formed by stacking several neurons together.


#### 3.2.2. Gradient Descent Algorithm

Neural networks can be trained using the gradient descent algorithm. Gradient descent algorithms include full gradient descent [13], stochastic gradient descent [14], and mini-batch gradient descent [15]. Due to the huge amount of data in deep learning, mini-batch gradient descent has become the most commonly used algorithm. The parameter update formula of the mini-batch gradient descent method is(3)θt+1=θt−αtBt∑k=1Bt∇fikθt,where Bt represents the batch size of the selected samples to be updated in the t-th round. In practice, all training samples are usually randomly divided into several groups of equal number, and one group of samples is randomly selected in each iteration to update the model parameters, and the update is repeated until the model converges.


#### 3.2.3. BP Algorithm

Given a training sample setx1,y1,…,xm,ym, which contains m training samples. Neural network hW,b to be trained contains parameters W,b. The parameters are updated by gradient descent. Use the error to define the cost function for a single sample as(4)JW,b,x,y=12hW,bx−y2.Then, the corresponding cost function of the entire sample set is defined as(5)JW,b=1m∑i=1mJW,b,xi,yi.The goal of training is to find the values ofW and b when JW,b is the smallest and use the gradient descent method to update the values of W and b:(6)Wijl=Wijl−α∂∂WijlJW,b,bil=bil−α∂∂bilJW,b.Define(7)δinl=∂∂zinl12y−hW,bx2=−y−ainl⋅f′zinl.Then, the partial derivative can be obtained from the above definition:(8)∂∂WijJW,b,x,y=ajlδil+1,∂∂bjlJW,b,x,y=δil+1.The calculation steps of the entire backpropagation algorithm are as follows:(1)
Forward propagation to get the activation value of each layerL2,L3,…,Lnl.(2)
For output layerLnl, we compute(9)δnl=−y−anl⋅f′znl.(3)
For each hidden layerL2,L3,…,Ln−1, we calculate(10)δl=WlTδl+1⋅f′zl.(4)
Calculate the partial derivative:(11)∇WlJ=δl+1alT,∇blJ=δl+1.(5)
Update the parameters:(12)ΔWl≔ΔWl+∇WlJ,Δbl≔Δbl+∇blJ.(13)Wl=Wl−α⋅1mΔWl,bl=bl−α⋅1mΔbl.(6)
Repeat the above process until the model converges or reaches the upper limit of the number of iterations.


## 3.1. Regression Analysis

On the basis of mastering a large number of observation data, the regression analysis method uses mathematical statistics to establish a functional expression between independent variables and dependent variables, that is, regression equations. If the dependent variable of the regression model is more than one function form of the independent variable, it is called nonlinear regression, and the corresponding regression model is called a nonlinear regression model. Due to the complexity of practical problems, regression functions are often complex nonlinear functions. For example, if you perform regression analysis on the scatter data in Figure1 and if you use linear regression to fit the data, there will obviously be a large error. The easiest way to do this is to fit the data using a function of second or higher order. For complex data situations in practical problems, it is only necessary to select a more complex nonlinear function to fit the data.Figure 1
Example where nonlinear regression is required.


## 3.2. Neural Networks

Neural network is a branch of machine learning, introduced by the proposal of neuron model. The most commonly used optimization algorithm in the training process of neural network is the gradient descent method, and in the deep neural network, the BP algorithm [9] is an important algorithm for the gradient to be backpropagated.


### 3.2.1. Neuron Model

The neuron model was first proposed by psychologist McCulloch and mathematician Pitts in 1943 [10], as shown in Figure 2.Figure 2
A diagram structure of neuron model.xi,i=1,2,…,n is the input signal, wij represents the weight from input j to neuron i, x0 and its corresponding weight term are bias terms, and f is the activation function. The output of the neuron yi is(1)Y=f∑j=1nWijXj+θi,or it can be written in vectorized form:(2)Y=fWX+θ.A neural network is formed by stacking several neurons together.


### 3.2.2. Gradient Descent Algorithm

Neural networks can be trained using the gradient descent algorithm. Gradient descent algorithms include full gradient descent [13], stochastic gradient descent [14], and mini-batch gradient descent [15]. Due to the huge amount of data in deep learning, mini-batch gradient descent has become the most commonly used algorithm. The parameter update formula of the mini-batch gradient descent method is(3)θt+1=θt−αtBt∑k=1Bt∇fikθt,where Bt represents the batch size of the selected samples to be updated in the t-th round. In practice, all training samples are usually randomly divided into several groups of equal number, and one group of samples is randomly selected in each iteration to update the model parameters, and the update is repeated until the model converges.


### 3.2.3. BP Algorithm

Given a training sample setx1,y1,…,xm,ym, which contains m training samples. Neural network hW,b to be trained contains parameters W,b. The parameters are updated by gradient descent. Use the error to define the cost function for a single sample as(4)JW,b,x,y=12hW,bx−y2.Then, the corresponding cost function of the entire sample set is defined as(5)JW,b=1m∑i=1mJW,b,xi,yi.The goal of training is to find the values ofW and b when JW,b is the smallest and use the gradient descent method to update the values of W and b:(6)Wijl=Wijl−α∂∂WijlJW,b,bil=bil−α∂∂bilJW,b.Define(7)δinl=∂∂zinl12y−hW,bx2=−y−ainl⋅f′zinl.Then, the partial derivative can be obtained from the above definition:(8)∂∂WijJW,b,x,y=ajlδil+1,∂∂bjlJW,b,x,y=δil+1.The calculation steps of the entire backpropagation algorithm are as follows:(1)
Forward propagation to get the activation value of each layerL2,L3,…,Lnl.(2)
For output layerLnl, we compute(9)δnl=−y−anl⋅f′znl.(3)
For each hidden layerL2,L3,…,Ln−1, we calculate(10)δl=WlTδl+1⋅f′zl.(4)
Calculate the partial derivative:(11)∇WlJ=δl+1alT,∇blJ=δl+1.(5)
Update the parameters:(12)ΔWl≔ΔWl+∇WlJ,Δbl≔Δbl+∇blJ.(13)Wl=Wl−α⋅1mΔWl,bl=bl−α⋅1mΔbl.(6)
Repeat the above process until the model converges or reaches the upper limit of the number of iterations.


## 3.2.1. Neuron Model

The neuron model was first proposed by psychologist McCulloch and mathematician Pitts in 1943 [10], as shown in Figure 2.Figure 2
A diagram structure of neuron model.xi,i=1,2,…,n is the input signal, wij represents the weight from input j to neuron i, x0 and its corresponding weight term are bias terms, and f is the activation function. The output of the neuron yi is(1)Y=f∑j=1nWijXj+θi,or it can be written in vectorized form:(2)Y=fWX+θ.A neural network is formed by stacking several neurons together.


## 3.2.2. Gradient Descent Algorithm

Neural networks can be trained using the gradient descent algorithm. Gradient descent algorithms include full gradient descent [13], stochastic gradient descent [14], and mini-batch gradient descent [15]. Due to the huge amount of data in deep learning, mini-batch gradient descent has become the most commonly used algorithm. The parameter update formula of the mini-batch gradient descent method is(3)θt+1=θt−αtBt∑k=1Bt∇fikθt,where Bt represents the batch size of the selected samples to be updated in the t-th round. In practice, all training samples are usually randomly divided into several groups of equal number, and one group of samples is randomly selected in each iteration to update the model parameters, and the update is repeated until the model converges.


## 3.2.3. BP Algorithm

Given a training sample setx1,y1,…,xm,ym, which contains m training samples. Neural network hW,b to be trained contains parameters W,b. The parameters are updated by gradient descent. Use the error to define the cost function for a single sample as(4)JW,b,x,y=12hW,bx−y2.Then, the corresponding cost function of the entire sample set is defined as(5)JW,b=1m∑i=1mJW,b,xi,yi.The goal of training is to find the values ofW and b when JW,b is the smallest and use the gradient descent method to update the values of W and b:(6)Wijl=Wijl−α∂∂WijlJW,b,bil=bil−α∂∂bilJW,b.Define(7)δinl=∂∂zinl12y−hW,bx2=−y−ainl⋅f′zinl.Then, the partial derivative can be obtained from the above definition:(8)∂∂WijJW,b,x,y=ajlδil+1,∂∂bjlJW,b,x,y=δil+1.The calculation steps of the entire backpropagation algorithm are as follows:(1)
Forward propagation to get the activation value of each layerL2,L3,…,Lnl.(2)
For output layerLnl, we compute(9)δnl=−y−anl⋅f′znl.(3)
For each hidden layerL2,L3,…,Ln−1, we calculate(10)δl=WlTδl+1⋅f′zl.(4)
Calculate the partial derivative:(11)∇WlJ=δl+1alT,∇blJ=δl+1.(5)
Update the parameters:(12)ΔWl≔ΔWl+∇WlJ,Δbl≔Δbl+∇blJ.(13)Wl=Wl−α⋅1mΔWl,bl=bl−α⋅1mΔbl.(6)
Repeat the above process until the model converges or reaches the upper limit of the number of iterations.


## 4. System Overview

Based on the consideration of communication value, Wushu, Go, and Chinese chess are selected in the mature national traditional sports [2] to study the influence of cultural communication methods. Collecting data for these three ethnic traditional sports for subsequent deep neural network training requires consideration of cultural communication methods and quantitative methods of cultural communication status. Based on the discussion of the communication method in the literature [4, 5] and the feasibility of the data volume and actual data collection, the number of competitive events, the number of online video broadcasts, and the number of likes are used as quantitative evaluation data for cultural communication methods. We use the Google Trends index as a quantitative assessment of cultural communication.


### 4.1. Quantification of Cultural Communication Methods

#### 4.1.1. Number of Competitive Events

We obtained the competition catalogues of martial arts, Go, and chess from the public content on the Internet and then searched the competition events of each project in the last ten years according to the competition catalogue. The results are shown in Figure3.Figure 3
Statistics of the number of matches.


#### 4.1.2. Online Video Views and Likes

We call YouTube API to query the top 25 popular videos played and liked for each project in the last ten years. The results are shown in Figures4 and 5.Figure 4
Total YouTube views.Figure 5
Total number of likes on YouTube videos.


### 4.2. Quantification of Cultural Transmission

We use Google Trends as a quantitative indicator of cultural spread. The Google Trends index of the corresponding project is shown in Figure6.Figure 6
Google Trends index.


### 4.3. Analysis of Feasibility of Deep Neural Network Regression Model

After data acquisition, we can use deep neural network to perform regression analysis on cultural communication methods and cultural communication status. This paper only discusses the feasibility of the method. For three quantitative indicators of different cultural communication methods, we can plot their relationship with the state of cultural communication. Their relationship is generally positive correlation, which fully demonstrates the correctness of parameter selection and the feasibility of regression analysis. We can draw a conclusion from this that with the increase of events held or the increase of investment in online media, the communication effect of traditional national sports culture will be better. If a large number of data samples can be collected, the propagation method and propagation state can be modeled and analyzed using deep learning methods, and the method can be easily extended to more types of parameters.


## 4.1. Quantification of Cultural Communication Methods

### 4.1.1. Number of Competitive Events

We obtained the competition catalogues of martial arts, Go, and chess from the public content on the Internet and then searched the competition events of each project in the last ten years according to the competition catalogue. The results are shown in Figure3.Figure 3
Statistics of the number of matches.


### 4.1.2. Online Video Views and Likes

We call YouTube API to query the top 25 popular videos played and liked for each project in the last ten years. The results are shown in Figures4 and 5.Figure 4
Total YouTube views.Figure 5
Total number of likes on YouTube videos.


## 4.1.1. Number of Competitive Events

We obtained the competition catalogues of martial arts, Go, and chess from the public content on the Internet and then searched the competition events of each project in the last ten years according to the competition catalogue. The results are shown in Figure3.Figure 3
Statistics of the number of matches.


## 4.1.2. Online Video Views and Likes

We call YouTube API to query the top 25 popular videos played and liked for each project in the last ten years. The results are shown in Figures4 and 5.Figure 4
Total YouTube views.Figure 5
Total number of likes on YouTube videos.


## 4.2. Quantification of Cultural Transmission

We use Google Trends as a quantitative indicator of cultural spread. The Google Trends index of the corresponding project is shown in Figure6.Figure 6
Google Trends index.


## 4.3. Analysis of Feasibility of Deep Neural Network Regression Model

After data acquisition, we can use deep neural network to perform regression analysis on cultural communication methods and cultural communication status. This paper only discusses the feasibility of the method. For three quantitative indicators of different cultural communication methods, we can plot their relationship with the state of cultural communication. Their relationship is generally positive correlation, which fully demonstrates the correctness of parameter selection and the feasibility of regression analysis. We can draw a conclusion from this that with the increase of events held or the increase of investment in online media, the communication effect of traditional national sports culture will be better. If a large number of data samples can be collected, the propagation method and propagation state can be modeled and analyzed using deep learning methods, and the method can be easily extended to more types of parameters.


## 5. Conclusion

This paper proposes a quantitative method for cultural communication methods and cultural communication effects and discusses the feasibility of using deep learning to model and analyze cultural communication methods and cultural communication effects. We collected data on the holding of events corresponding to traditional national sports and cultural projects by consulting online data. By calling Google's official APIs, we collected data on the total number of popular YouTube videos played and likes corresponding to traditional national sports and cultural projects and drew a scatter diagram between them and Google Trends. The scatter diagram clearly shows the positive promotion of the communication method of competitive events and the communication method of network media to the communication of national traditional sports culture.



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*Source: 9697014-2022-04-14.xml*