# Exact Magnetothermoelastic Solution for a Hollow Sphere Subjected to Initial Stress, Rotation, and Magnetic Field

Authors: S. M. Abo-Dahab; Nahed S. Hussein; M. Al-Bokamy
Journal: Journal of Applied Mathematics
 (2014)

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## Abstract

We estimated an analytical solution of the displacement, stress, and temperature in a rotating isotropic homogeneous elastic medium hollow sphere subjected to periodic loading and magnetic field. The coupled theory of thermoelasticity is applied to determine an infinite velocity of heat propagation. The numerical calculations are carried out for the displacement, temperature, and stresses. The results obtained are displayed graphically to illustrate the effect of initial stress, rotation, and magnetic field which indicate to pronounce influence of rotation and magnetic field.


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## Body

## 1. Introduction

The classical and generalized theories of coupled thermoelasticity are extensively developed due to their many applications in the advanced structural design problems. Therefore, it is crucial to obtain the deformation and temperature distributions in the structures under thermal shock loads. In the classical coupled problems of thermoelasticity, the first time rate of change in the first invariant of the strain tensor appears in the first law of thermodynamics, causing coupling between the elastic and thermal fields. The mathematical treatment of coupled thermoelasticity problems by analytical methods is rather complicated. In basic problems of the coupled thermoelasticity theory, such as the problems of infinite and half spaces, analytical treatment can be found in the literature. Also, there are a large number of articles, in which numerical methods are used. Dynamical problems of thermodiffusion in solids are discussed by Nowacki ([1–3]). Lord and Shulman [4] introduced the first generalized dynamical theory of thermoelasticity to calculate an infinite speed for the waves due to the thermal field. The generalized thermoelasticity for an isotropic media is illustrated by Dhaliwal and Sherief [5]. Abd-Alla and Mahmoud [6] studied the problem of magnetothermoelastic in rotating nonhomogeneous orthotropic hollow cylinder under the hyperbolic heat conduction model. Abd-Alla et al. [7] investigated thermal stresses in a nonhomogeneous orthotropic elastic multilayered cylinder. A generalized magnetothermoelasticity in a perfectly conducting medium is discussed by Ezzat and Youssef [8]. Othman [9] studied effect of rotation and relaxation time on thermal shock problem for a half-space in generalized thermoviscoelasticity. Othman [10] investigated Lord-Shulman theory under the dependence of the modulus of elasticity on the reference temperature in two-dimensional generalized thermoelasticity. Green and Lindsay [11] developed the theory of thermoelasticity using two thermal relaxation times to measure the origin of the infinite speed.Magnetothermoelasticity has a lot of applications in diverse fields as geophysics, engineering, acoustics, and other fields. Effect of rotation on plane waves of the generalized magnetothermoelasticity or electromagnetothermoviscoelasticity with two relaxation times or rotation is pointed out by Othman and Song [12, 13]. Sherief et al. [14] investigated theory of generalized thermoelastic diffusion. Sherief and Saleh [15] discussed half-space problem in the theory of generalized thermoelastic diffusion. Reflection of SV waves from the free surface of an elastic solid in generalized thermoelastic diffusion has been obtained by Singh [16]. Kumar and Kansal [17] discussed propagation of Lamb waves in transversely isotropic thermoelastic diffusive plate. Thermomechanical response of generalized thermoelastic diffusion with one relaxation time due to time harmonic sources was discussed by Ram et al. [18]. Aouadi [19] examined the thermoelastic diffusion problem for an infinite elastic body with spherical cavity. Abo-Dahab and Singh [20] investigated the effect of magnetic field on wave propagation in generalized thermoelastic solid with diffusion. Othman et al. [21] discussed the effect of diffusion in a two-dimensional problem of generalized thermoelasticity with Green-Naghdi theory. Xia et al. [22] studied the influence of diffusion on generalized thermoelastic problems of infinite body with a cylindrical cavity. Deswal and Kalkal [23] studied the two-dimensional generalized electromagnetothermoviscoelastic problem for a half-space with diffusion. Abd-Alla and Abo-Dahab [24] found the time-harmonic sources in a generalized magnetothermoviscoelastic continuum with and without energy dissipation. Abo-Dahab and Mohamed [25] discussed the effect of magnetic field and hydrostatic initial stress on reflection phenomena of P and SV waves from a generalized thermoelastic solid half-space. Abd-Alla et al. [26] studied the generalized magnetothermoelastic Rayleigh waves in a granular medium under the influence of a gravity field and initial stress. Roychoudhuri and Mukhopadhyay [27] discussed effect of rotation and relaxation times on plane waves in generalized thermoviscoelasticity. Recently, some new works in isotropic or orthotropic elastic media have been discussed in [28–31].The present investigation is devoted to study the interaction between the processes of elasticity, rotation, magnetic field, initial stress, heat, and diffusion in an infinite elastic solid with a spherical cavity in the context of the coupled thermoelastic diffusion. The temperature, displacements, stresses, diffusion concentration, and chemical potential are obtained in the physical domain using the harmonic vibrations. The problem of coupled thermoelasticity has been reduced as a special case. The variations of rotation, magnetic field on the stresses, displacements, and temperature distribution have been studied and shown graphically.


## 2. Mathematical Formulation of the Problem

Let us consider a perfect electric conductor and linearized Maxwell equation governing the electromagnetic field in absence of the displacement current (SI) as in Roychoudhuri and Mukhopadhyay [27] and Kraus [32]:
(1)J→=Curlh→,CurlE→=-μe∂h→∂t,div⁡h→=0,div⁡E→=0,h→=Curl(u→∧H→),E→=-μe(∂u→∂t∧H→),
where u→ is the component of displacement vector, h→ the perturbed magnetic field vector, J→ the electric current density vector, E→ the electric intensity vector, and μe the magnetic permeability. Applying an initial magnetic field vector H→=(0,0,Hϕ) in spherical coordinates (r,θ,ϕ) to (1) we have
(2)u→=u(r,t)er_=(u(r,t),0,0),H→=(0,0,Hϕ),E→=-μe(0,-Hϕ∂u∂t,0),J→=(0,-∂hϕ∂r,0),hϕ=-Hϕ(∂u∂r+2ur),E→=(0,E2,0).
The elastic medium is rotating uniformly with the angular velocity Ω_=Ωn_, where n_ is a unit vector representing the direction of the axis of rotation. The displacement equation of motion in the rotation frame has two additional terms Ω→∧(Ω→∧u→) which is the centripetal acceleration due to time-varying motion only and 2 Ω→∧u˙→ is the Coriolis acceleration which neglected, and Ω→=(0,Ω,0).The governing equation for an isotropic, homogeneous elastic solid with generalized magnetothermoelastic under effect of rotation is as follows.(i) Equation of motion:(3)∂σrr∂r+2r(σrr-σθθ)+Fr=ρ(∂2u∂t2-Ω2u);
we know that
(4)Ω→∧(Ω→∧ue_r)=Ω→∧(Ω→e_θ∧ue_r)=Ωe_θ∧(-Ωue_ϕ)=-Ω2ue_r,
where Fr is defined as the radial component of Lorentz’s force, which may be written as
(5)F→=μe(J→∧H→)=(μeHϕ2∂∂r(∂u∂r+2ur),0,0)=μeH02(∂∂r(∂u∂r+2ur),0,0).(ii) Equation of heat conduction:(6)K∇2T=ρcγ∂T∂t+γT0(∂u˙∂r+2u˙r),K[∂2T∂r2+2r∂T∂r]=ρcv∂T∂t+γT0(∂u˙∂r+2u˙r),
where cv is the specific heat per unit mass, K is the thermal conductivity, T is the absolute temperature, T0 is the reference temperature, ρ is the density, γ=αc(3λ+2μ), and αc is the thermal expansion.For a spherical symmetric the nonvanishing components may be written as(7)σrr=2μ∂u∂r+λ(∂u∂r+2ur)-(3λ+2μ)αcT,σϕϕ=σθθ=2μur+λ(∂u∂r+2ur)-(3λ+2μ)αcT,τrr=μeHϕ2(∂u∂r+2ur),
where σij(i,j=1,2,3) are the stress components tensor and λ and μ are Lame’s constants.Assume that the magnetic permeabilityμe of the isotropic hollow sphere equals the magnetic permeability of the medium around it.


## 3. Boundary Conditions

The homogeneous initial conditions are supplemented by the following boundary conditions:(8)T=0atr=a,T=T0atr=b,σrr+τrr=-P0eiwtatr=b,σrr+τrr=0atr=a.


## 4. Solution of the Problem

Taking the harmonic vibrations we assume(9)u(r,t)=u′(r)eiwt,T(r,t)=T′(r)eiwt,
where ω is the natural frequency of the vibration.By using (7) and substituting into (3) and (6) then
(10)∂∂r[(2μ+λ)∂u∂r+2λur-(3λ+2μ)αcT]+2r(2μ∂u∂r-2μur)+μeHϕ2∂∂r(∂u∂r+2ur)+ρΩ2u=ρ∂2u∂t2,(2μ+λ)∂2u∂r2+2(2μ+λ)r∂u∂r-2(2μ+λ)r2u+μeHϕ2[∂2u∂r2+2r∂u∂r-2ur2]-(3λ+2μ)αc∂T∂r+ρΩ2u=ρ∂2u∂t2,(2μ+λ+μeHϕ2)[∂2u∂r2+2r∂u∂r-2ur2]-αc(3λ+2μ)∂T∂r=ρ∂2u∂t2-ρΩ2u,K[∂2T∂r2+2r∂T∂r]=ρcγ∂T∂t+γT0∂∂t(∂u∂r+2ur);
by using
(11)u(r,t)=u′(r)eiwt,T(r,t)=T′(r)eiwt
we get
(12)(2μ+λ+μeHφ2)[d2u′dr2+2rdu′dr-2u′r2]-(3λ+2μ)dT′dr=-(ω2ρ+ρΩ2)u′=-ρ(ω2+Ω2)u′(r),(13)K[d2T′dr2+2rdT′dr]=iρcγωT′+iγT0ω(du′dr+2u′r).
Using the potential function ϕ* then we assume u→·r→=dϕ*/dr and (12) and (13) may be transformed to
(14)(2μ+λ+μeHϕ2)[d3ϕ*dr3+2rd2ϕ*dr2-2r2dϕ*dr]-(3λ+2μ)dT′dr=-ρ(ω2+Ω2)dϕ*dr,(2μ+λ+μeHϕ2)ddr[d2ϕ*dr2+2rdϕ*dr]-(3λ+2μ)dT′dr=-ρ(ω2+Ω2)dϕ*dr;
by integrating respect to r(15)(2μ+λ+μeHϕ2)[d2ϕ*dr2+2rdϕ*dr]-(3λ+2μ)T′=-ρ(ω2+Ω2)ϕ*(2μ+λ+μeHϕ2)∇2ϕ*-(3λ+2μ)T′=-ρ(ω2+Ω2)ϕ*,[(2μ+λ+μeHϕ2)∇2+ρ(ω2+Ω2)]ϕ*=(3λ+2μ)T′.
From (13), we obtain
(16)K∇2T′-iρcγωT′=iγT0ω(2μ+λ+μeHϕ2)[(3λ+2μ)T′-ρ(ω2+Ω2)]ϕ*,K∇2T′-(iρcγωT′+iγT0ω(3λ+2μ)(2μ+λ+μeHϕ2))T′=-iγT0ωρ(ω2+Ω2)ϕ*(2μ+λ+μeHϕ2).
Equation (15) can be written as
(17)[∇2+ρ(ω2+Ω2)(2μ+λ+μeHϕ2)]ϕ*=(3λ+2μ)(2μ+λ+μeHϕ2)T′.
Equation (16) takes the form
(18)[∇2+(iρcγωK+iγT0ω(3λ+2μ)(2μ+λ+μeHϕ2))]T′=-iγT0ωρ(ω2+Ω2)ϕ*(2μ+λ+μeHϕ2)
which can be written also as
(19)(∇2+α12)ϕ*=η1T′,(∇2+β2)T′=η2ϕ*,
where
(20)α12=ρ(ω2+Ω2)(2μ+λ+μeHϕ2),η1=(3λ+2μ)(2μ+λ+μeHϕ2),β2=-i(ρcγωK+γT0ω(3λ+2μ)(2μ+λ+μeHϕ2)).
Decoupling (19) one may obtain
(21)(∇2+m12)(∇2+m22)(ϕ*,T′)=0,
where m1 and m2 are roots with positive real parts of biquadratic equation:
(22)m4+(α12+β2-η1η2)m2+α12β2=0.
Assuming the regularity conditions for T˙ and ϕ*, the solutions of (22) are obtained in terms of spherical Hankel’s function in the form
(23)ϕ*(r)=A1h0(2)(m1r)+A2h0(2)(m2r),T′(r)=A3h0(2)(m1r)+A4h0(2)(m2r),
where A1, A2, A3, and A4 are constants.Consider(24)u′(r)=dϕ*(r)dr,u′(r)=A1h1(2)(m1r)+A2h1(2)(m2r),u(r,t)=[A1h1(2)(m1r)+A2h1(2)(m2r)]eiwt,T(r,t)=[A3h0(2)(m1r)+A4h0(2)(m2r)]eiwt,σrr=2μ∂u∂r+λ(∂u∂r+2ur)-(3λ+2μ)αcT,σrr=(2μ[A12(h0(2)(m1r)-h2(2)(m1r))+A22(h0(2)(m2r)-h2(2)(m2r))]+λ[A12(h0(2)(m1r)-h2(2)(m1r))+A22(h0(2)(m2r)-h2(2)(m2r))]+2λr[A1h1(2)(m1r)+A2h1(2)(m2r)]-(3λ+2μ)αc[A3h0(2)(m1r)+A4h0(2)(m2r)]A12)eiwt,which tends to(25)σrr=[[(μ+λ2)h0(2)(m1r)-(μ+λ2)h2(2)(m1r)]A1+(μ+λ2)[h0(2)(m2r)-h2(2)(m2r)]A2+2λrh1(2)(m1r)A1+2λrh1(2)(m2r)A2-(3λ+2μ)αc[A3h0(2)(m1r)+A4h0(2)(m2r)]{[(μ+λ2)h0(2)(m1r)-(μ+λ2)h2(2)(m1r)]}]eiwt,(26)τrr=μeHϕ2(∂u∂r+2ur),τrr=μeHϕ2[(12[h0(2)(m1r)-h2(2)(m1r)]+2rh1(2)(m1r))A1+12[2rh1(2)(m2r)(h0(2)(m2r)-h2(2)(m2r))+2rh1(2)(m2r)]A2]eiwt,(27)σϕϕ=σθθ=2μur+λ(∂u∂r+2ur)-(3λ+2μ)αcT,σϕϕ=σθθ=(2r(λ+μ)[A1h1(2)(m1r)+A2h1(2)(m2r)]+λ[A12(h0(2)(m1r)-h2(2)(m1r))+A22(h0(2)(m2r)-h2(2)(m2r))]-(3λ+2μ)αc[A3h0(2)(m1r)+A4h0(2)(m2r)]2r)×eiwt.


## 5. Boundary Conditions

Consider(28)T=0atr=a,T=T0atr=b,[A3h0(2)(m1a)+A4h0(2)(m2a)]eiwt=0,[A3h0(2)(m1b)+A4h0(2)(m2b)]eiwt=T0,σrr+τrr=0atr=a,[(μ+λ2+μeHϕ22)h0(2)(m1a)-(μ+λ2+μeHϕ22)h2(2)(m1a)+(μeHϕ2a+2λa)h1(2)(m1a)]A1+[(μ+λ2+μeHϕ22)h0(2)(m2a)-(μ+λ2+μeHϕ22)h2(2)(m2a)+(μeHϕ2a+2λa)h1(2)(m2a)]A2-(3λ+2μ)αc[A3h0(2)(m1a)+A4h0(2)(m2a)]=0,σrr+τrr=-P0eiwtatr=b,[(μ+λ2+μeHϕ22)h0(2)(m1b)-(μ+λ2+μeHϕ22)h2(2)(m1b)+(μeHϕ2b+2λb)h1(2)(m1b)]A1+[(μ+λ2+μeHϕ22)h0(2)(m2b)-(μ+λ2+μeHϕ22)h2(2)(m2b)+(μeHϕ2b+2λb)h1(2)(m2b)]A2-(3λ+2μ)αc[A3h0(2)(m1b)+A4h0(2)(m2b)]=-P0,
where P0 is the initial stress.Solution of (28) takes the forms
(29)A1=Δ1Δ,A2=Δ2ΔA3=Δ3Δ,A4=Δ4Δ,
where
(30)Δ1=2bh0(2)(m1b)h0(2)(m2a)P0×((λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)4h1(2)(m2a)(λ+μeHφ2)+bh0(2)(m2a)(λ+2μ+μeHφ2)-bh2(2)(m2a)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2))-h0(2)(m1a)h0(2)(m2b)P0×((λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)4h1(2)(m2a)(λ+μeHϕ2)+bh0(2)(m2a)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)-bh2(2)(m2a)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2))+(3λ+2μ)h0(2)(m1a)h0(2)(m1b)T0αc×(-bh2(2)(m2b)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)))4h1(2)(m2a)(λ+μeHϕ2)+bh0(2)(m2a)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)-bh2(2)(m2a)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)-(3λ+2μ)h0(2)(m1b)h0(2)(m2a)T0αc×(-bh2(2)(m2b)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2))4h1(2)(m2a)(λ+μeHϕ2)+bh0(2)(m2a)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)-bh2(2)(m2a)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)-(3λ+2μ)h0(2)(m1a)2T0αc×((λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)4h1(2)(m2b)(λ+μeHϕ2)+bh0(2)(m2b)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)-bh2(2)(m2b)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2))+(3λ+2μ)h0(2)(m1a)×h0(2)(m2a)T0αc×((λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)4h1(2)(m2b)(λ+μeHϕ2)+bh0(2)(m2b)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)-bh2(2)(m2b)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)))),(31)Δ2=-2bh0(2)(m1b)h0(2)(m2a)P0×(4h1(2)(m1a)(λ+μeHϕ2)+bh0(2)(m1a)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)-bh2(2)(m2a)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2))-h0(2)(m1a)h0(2)(m2b)P0×(4h1(2)(m1a)(λ+μeHϕ2)+bh0(2)(m1a)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)-bh2(2)(m1a)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2))-(3λ+2μ)h0(2)(m1a)h0(2)(m1b)T0αc×(4h1(2)(m1a)(λ+μeHϕ2)+bh0(2)(m1a)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)-bh2(2)(m1a)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)+(3λ+2μ)h0(2)(m1b)h0(2)(m2a)T0αc×(4h1(2)(m1a)(λ+μeHϕ2)+bh0(2)(m1a)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)-bh2(2)(m1a)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)+(3λ+2μ)h0(2)(m1a)2T0αc×(4h1(2)(m1b)(λ+μeHϕ2)+bh0(2)(m1b)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)-bh2(2)(m1b)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2))-(3λ+2μ)h0(2)(m1a)×h0(2)(m2a)T0αc×(4h1(2)(m1b)(λ+μeHϕ2)+bh0(2)(m1b)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)-bh2(2)(m1b)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)))),Δ3=h0(2)(m2a)T0h0(2)(m1b)h0(2)(m2a)-h0(2)(m1a)h0(2)(m2b),Δ4=h0(2)(m1a)T0-h0(2)(m1b)h0(2)(m2a)+h0(2)(m1a)h0(2)(m2b),Δ=-h0(2)(m1b)h0(2)(m2a)×(4h1(2)(m1b)(λ+μeHϕ2)+bh0(2)(m1b)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)-bh2(2)(m1b)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2))×(4h1(2)(m2a)(λ+μeHϕ2)+bh0(2)(m2a)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)-bh2(2)(m2a)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2))+h0(2)(m1a)h0(2)(m2b)×(4h1(2)(m1b)(λ+μeHϕ2)+bh0(2)(m1b)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)-bh2(2)(m1b)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2))×(4h1(2)(m2a)(λ+μeHϕ2)+bh0(2)(m2a)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)-bh2(2)(m2a)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2))+h0(2)(m1b)h0(2)(m2a)×(4h1(2)(m1a)(λ+μeHϕ2)+bh0(2)(m1a)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)-bh2(2)(m1a)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2))×(4h1(2)(m2b)(λ+μeHϕ2)+bh0(2)(m2b)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)-bh2(2)(m2b)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2))-h0(2)(m1a)h0(2)(m2b)×(4h1(2)(m1a)(λ+μeHϕ2)+bh0(2)(m1a)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)-bh2(2)(m1a)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2))×((λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)4h1(2)(m2b)(λ+μeHϕ2)+bh0(2)(m2b)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)-bh2(2)(m2b)(λ+2μ+μeHϕ2)).
Substituting about values of the constants into (24) yields
(32)u(r,t)=1Δ[Δ1h1(2)(m1r)+Δ2h1(2)(m2r)]eiwt,T(r,t)=[Δ3h0(2)(m1r)+Δ3h0(2)(m2r)]eiwt.
Substitution by u and T into (25)–(27) yields
(33)σrr=1Δ([[(μ+λ2)h0(2)(m1r)-(μ+λ2)h2(2)(m1r)]Δ1+(μ+λ2)[h0(2)(m2r)-h2(2)(m2r)]Δ2+2λrh1(2)(m1r)Δ1+2λrh1(2)(m2r)Δ2)-(3λ+2μ)αc[Δ3h0(2)(m1r)+Δ4h0(2)(m2r)]{[(μ+λ2)h0(2)(m1r)-(μ+λ2)h2(2)(m1r)]}]eiwt,σϕϕ=σθθ=1Δ(2r(λ+μ)[Δ1h1(2)(m1r)+Δ2h1(2)(m2r)]+λ[Δ12(h0(2)(m1r)-h2(2)(m1r))+Δ22(h0(2)(m2r)-h2(2)(m2r))]-(3λ+2μ)αc×[Δ3h0(2)(m1r)+Δ4h0(2)(m2r)]2r)eiwt,τrr=1Δ(μeHϕ2[(12[h0(2)(m1r)-h2(2)(m1r)]+2rh1(2)(m1r))Δ1+12[2r(h0(2)(m2r)-h2(2)(m2r))+2rh1(2)(m2r)]Δ2]eiwt).


## 6. Numerical Results and Discussion

In order to illustrate the theoretical results obtained in the preceding section and to compare various theories of thermoelasticity formulated earlier, we present some numerical results for the physical constants. For the purposes of numerical calculations, the copper material was chosen. The constants of the problem given by Sokolnikoff [33] and Thomas [34] are
(34)K=0.0921×1013Wm-1K-1,αt=1.28×10-9K-1,ce=787×103JKg-1K-1,ρ=2660Kgm-3,λ=5.65×1010Nm-2,μ=2.46×1010Nm-2,η=8886.73sm-2,T0=293K,a=0.5,β=220.9×109,ω=0.2.
The values of the absolute radial displacement |u|, absolute temperature distribution |T|, absolute stresses |σrr|,|σθθ|, and absolute value of the radial Maxwell’s stress |τrr|. The output is plotted in Figures 1–5. Figure 1 shows the value of radial displacement |u| with respect to r for different values of the rotation Ω, magnetic field Hϕ, R, and initial stress P. These figures indicate that the medium along r undergoes expansion deformation due to the thermal shock, while the other shows the tension deformation. The effect of rotation Ω and magnetic field Hϕ on radial displacement becomes large that increases and decreases with increasing of the rotation and magnetic field, respectively, while there is no effect of R and initial stress. At a given instant, the radial displacement is finite, which is due to the effect of rotation, magnetic field, r and initial stress.Variation of the absolute values of the displacementu with varies values of Ω,Hϕ,R, and P with respect to the radius r.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)Variation of the absolute values of the temperatureT with varies values of Ω,Hϕ,R, and P with respect to the radius r.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)Variation of the absolute values of the radial stressσrr with varies values of Ω,Hϕ,R, and P with respect to the radius r.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)Variation of the absolute values of the hoop stressσrr with varies values of Ω,Hϕ,R, and P with respect to the radius r.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)Variation of the absolute values of the radial Maxwell’s stressτrr with varies values of Ω,Hϕ,R, and P with respect to the radius r.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)Figure2 shows that the value of temperature distribution T with respect to r, while the solution is notably different inside the sphere. This is due to the fact that the thermal waves in the coupled theory travel with an infinite speed. The effects of rotation Ω, magnetic field Hϕ, R, and initial stress P on temperature distribution have been shown in Figure 2. The temperature increases with increasing of the rotation and magnetic field, while there is no effect of the R and initial stress P.Figures3 and 4 show the variations of absolute radial stress |σrr| and absolute tangential stress |σϕϕ| with respect to the radius r, respectively. The values of radial stress and tangential stress are increased with increasing of rotation and magnetic field due to the effect of rotation and magnetic field for all values of the radius r, while there is no effect of R and initial stress. For the values of |σrr| and |σϕϕ|, depicting the effect of rotation and magnetic field. It is shown that the radial stress is tension in its nature.Figure5 shows that the values of absolute values of the radial Maxwell’s stress |τrr| with respect to r. The effects of rotation Ω, magnetic field Hϕ, R, and initial stress P on radial Maxwell’s stress which it increases with increasing of rotation and magnetic field, while there is no effect of R and initial stress.


## 7. Conclusion

Due to the complicated nature of the governing equations of the magnetothermoelastic theory, the done works in this field are unfortunately limited. The method used in this study provides a quite successful in dealing with such problems. This method gives exact solutions in the elastic medium without any restrictions on the actual physical quantities that appear in the governing equations of the considered problem. Important phenomena are observed in these computations.(i)
It was found that large values of rotation and magnetic field give close results. The case is quite different when we consider small value of rotation. The coupled theory predicts infinite speeds of wave propagation. The solutions are obtained in the context of thermoelasticity theory.(ii)
Comparing Figures1–5 for thermoelastic medium, it was found that u,σrr,σϕϕ, and τrr have the same behavior in both media. But with the passage of magnetic field and rotation, the numerical values of u,σrr,σϕϕ, and τrr in thermoelastic medium are large due to the influences of magnetic field, rotation, R, and initial stress P.(iii)
The results presented in this paper will be very helpful for researchers concerned with material science, designers of new materials, low-temperature physicists, and for those working on the development of a theory of hyperbolic propagation of hyperbolic thermodiffusion. Study of the phenomenon of rotation, magnetic field,R, and initial stress is also used to improve the conditions of oil extractions.



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*Source: 920198-2014-04-14.xml*