# The Connotation and Realization Path of Ecological Civilization Education in Chinese Universities under the Background of Mobile Internet

Authors: Genhong Chen
Journal: Mobile Information Systems
 (2022)

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## Abstract

The report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China creatively clarified the general pattern of socialist construction as “five-in-one,” namely, the construction of economy, politics, culture, society, and ecological civilization and pointed out that the construction of ecological civilization should lead and integrate into socialism. This marks that China has entered a new era of ecological civilization and started the great historical journey of building a beautiful China. Ecological civilization education in colleges and universities is an important content and foundation of ecological civilization construction, which can provide sufficient human resources and intellectual preparation for ecological civilization construction, promote the popularization of ecological civilization concept in society, and promote the ecological transformation of economic and social development. Therefore, the education of ecological civilization in colleges and universities is not only the meaning of the integration of ecological civilization into higher education but also an initiative to implement the national strategy, and it is also a realistic demand for realizing the fundamental task of morality and cultivation of people in higher education. This research uses mobile Internet technology to study the path of ecological civilization education in Chinese colleges and universities mainly using the questionnaire survey method, on the basis of multiple stratified sampling, with the help of the revised Chinese New Environmental Paradigm Scale (Chinese New Environmental Paradigm Scale) to collect data.


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## Body

## 1. Introduction

The ecological civilization education in colleges and universities is an important channel for the construction of ecological civilization, and the innovation of ecological civilization education in colleges and universities is the demand of the times for the ideological and political theory courses of colleges and universities to keep pace with the times. The innovation of ecological civilization education in colleges and universities will promote the closer integration of ecological civilization and higher education. While enriching the ideological and political education in colleges and universities, it will improve the ecological literacy of college students and cultivate their ecological awareness, thereby promoting the construction of ecological civilization in society.The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made a new arrangement for the construction of ecological civilization [1]. For the first time, it discussed ecological civilization in a single article and for the first time took “beautiful China” as the grand goal of ecological civilization construction in the future and raised ecological civilization construction to a new height of five in one exposition [2]. “This marks the beginning of China’s entry into the era of ecological civilization and the beginning of the great historical journey of building a beautiful China” [3]. The idea of Lide Shuren has a long history, and it has always been the educational philosophy followed by educators. Taking “cultivating morality and cultivating people” as the fundamental task of ideological and political education in colleges and universities, we must insist on moral education first, and “morality” includes ecological ethics and morality, and cultivating young people with good ecological awareness is “cultivating people” requirements of the times. Therefore, the theoretical courses of ideological and political education are closely related to ecological civilization, and it is imperative to carry out ecological civilization education in colleges and universities [4].General Secretary Xi Jinping has emphasized many times that governments at all levels should put ecological protection in a more prominent position, must protect the civilized ecological environment like protecting eyes, and must cherish the ecological environment like life [5]. We must make detailed accounts in terms of ecological protection, large accounts, long-term appropriate accounts, and overall accounts, as well as comprehensive accounts [6]. We must keep in mind that environmental protection is a long-term and arduous task, and we must work hard for a long time. While pursuing the needs of development, we must also pay attention to the limited supply of Earth’s resources, which is also a pair of eternal contradictions that we must face at all times in development. The report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly proposed to build a “beautiful China” [7]. At the same time, the central government made major strategic adjustments to the layout, incorporating ecological civilization into the general construction of “five in one.” It is precisely because the Party Central Committee attaches great importance to the construction of ecological civilization in my country that a series of achievements have been made, which has also driven the development of ecological civilization education in colleges and universities to a certain extent, and also provided strong policy support and public opinion support for ecological civilization education in colleges and universities and sufficient market demand [8].


## 2. Theoretical Analysis of Ecological Civilization Education in Colleges and Universities

### 2.1. Definition of Related Concepts

The word ecology is an imported word, which was first proposed by the Western scholar Haeckel, mainly referring to the interaction between organisms in order to survive in nature [9]. With the continuous deepening and expansion of ecological research, today, the word “ecology” has penetrated into various fields such as society, economy, politics, life, and so on, and more often it expresses the stability of a relationship and the general connection between relationships [10].Some scholars have pointed out that “the concept of ecological civilization has a narrow sense and a broad sense. In a narrow sense, it is limited to economic development and the balance of nature; in a broad sense, it includes all aspects of society, not only human development and the harmony of nature also requires the harmony between people, which is multi-faceted and multi-level harmony” [11]? Some scholars also believe that “ecological civilization in a broad sense is a new stage of human civilization, which follows the development of industrial civilization; ecological civilization in a narrow sense is one aspect of many civilizations, which exists side by side compared with other civilizations”? Some scholars believe that “the core of ecological civilization is that in the process of realizing its own survival and development, human beings continue to deepen and reflect on the consequences of their actions, so as to adjust the relationship between man and nature and between man and man” [12].At present, the development of ecological environment education in China is going through four stages, namely, environmental protection education stage, sustainable development education stage, and ecological civilization education stage [13].As can be seen from Figure1, environmental protection is a priority in our society. In the stage of environmental protection education, the only goal that education needs to achieve is to solve environmental problems; the content of environmental education in the stage of sustainable development education breaks through the scope of environmental protection knowledge and skills and changes from resource protection and environmental pollution to the coordinated development of society, economy, and environment [14]. Environmental education in the stage of sustainable development is to make human beings realize that their own survival and development are closely related to nature, and the relationship between ecological environment problems and development must be properly handled. The logical starting point of ecological civilization education is the relationship between man and nature, man and society, and man and self [15]. The content is deeper, more specific, and more scientific than environmental education and sustainable development education [16].Figure 1
The goals that Chinese society should prioritize at present.Humans should regard themselves as a member or part of nature, respect, and protect nature. The main body of ecological civilization construction is also human [17]. Therefore, in the final analysis, ecological civilization is the civilization of the laborers themselves, and it is the transformation of people’s value orientation, production mode, and lifestyle. The transformation ultimately presents people and nature, people and each other, people and others, and the harmonious state of the relationship between the ontology [18].Ecological civilization education for college students is an important part of school ecological civilization education and a high-level ecological civilization education activity [19]. The so-called ecological civilization education of college students refers to the educational activities that the educators of colleges and universities have planned and organized to cultivate the ecological civilization quality of college students [20].The ecological civilization education in colleges and universities has the characteristics of multiple layers and rich contents, which mainly include the education of the current situation of the ecological environment, the education of the basic knowledge of ecological science, the education of the concept of ecological civilization, and the education of the rule of law in the ecological environment. Education on the status quo of ecological environment is the foundation of ecological civilization education in colleges and universities. The concept of ecological civilization is the basic viewpoint and attitude of human beings to understand the organic connection between man, nature and society, and the sum of all thoughts and understandings about ecological civilization.


### 2.2. Theoretical Basis for the Study

The ecological theory has explained the objective laws of the above phenomena very well. With the development of human society, scholars have carried out long-term follow-up research on ecology. Now they have basically mastered the content, laws and principles of ecological theory, and have formed a scientific and complete theoretical system (Figure2).Figure 2
The main expectations of colleges and universities for ecological education.The study of educational ecology initially started in Western countries. In 1966, British scholar Ashby first proposed the concept of “higher education ecology,” which marked the beginning of using the principles and methods of ecology to study problems in the field of education. Subsequently, the American scholar Lawrence. Fleming put forward the concept of “educational ecology.” This theory is a research on the connection between ecological education and ecological environment and controls the causes and directions of various educational phenomena to guide the development trend of education. This theory emphasizes the need to study the relationship between education and its surrounding ecology and to study the law and mechanism of the interaction between the two based on the principles of ecology, especially the mechanisms of ecosystems, environmental balance, and sustainable development.Pedagogy and ecology are two important theoretical foundations of educational ecology. The birth and growth of pedagogy is the result of the combined action of internal and external factors. Its development is an exogenous development process under the joint influence of many social factors; however, pedagogy is an endogenous development process with self-awakening and self-maturity, and a transformation process of self-theoretical thinking. Therefore, the development of pedagogical theory should not only take into account the interaction of education and its surrounding ecological relations.Marx and Engels criticized Feier’s theory of abstract human nature on the basis of critically inheriting all the excellent cultural achievements of human beings, scientifically explained the essence of human beings, and provided a scientific way of thinking for us to understand the essence of human beings.Based on the theory of human nature, Marx put forward the theory of all-round development of human beings, whose core is “the free and all-round development of all human beings” is the highest proposition of Marxism. Therefore, we should respect nature, protect nature, care for the ecological environment, establish the concept of ecological civilization, and raise our own ecological civilization literacy.


## 2.1. Definition of Related Concepts

The word ecology is an imported word, which was first proposed by the Western scholar Haeckel, mainly referring to the interaction between organisms in order to survive in nature [9]. With the continuous deepening and expansion of ecological research, today, the word “ecology” has penetrated into various fields such as society, economy, politics, life, and so on, and more often it expresses the stability of a relationship and the general connection between relationships [10].Some scholars have pointed out that “the concept of ecological civilization has a narrow sense and a broad sense. In a narrow sense, it is limited to economic development and the balance of nature; in a broad sense, it includes all aspects of society, not only human development and the harmony of nature also requires the harmony between people, which is multi-faceted and multi-level harmony” [11]? Some scholars also believe that “ecological civilization in a broad sense is a new stage of human civilization, which follows the development of industrial civilization; ecological civilization in a narrow sense is one aspect of many civilizations, which exists side by side compared with other civilizations”? Some scholars believe that “the core of ecological civilization is that in the process of realizing its own survival and development, human beings continue to deepen and reflect on the consequences of their actions, so as to adjust the relationship between man and nature and between man and man” [12].At present, the development of ecological environment education in China is going through four stages, namely, environmental protection education stage, sustainable development education stage, and ecological civilization education stage [13].As can be seen from Figure1, environmental protection is a priority in our society. In the stage of environmental protection education, the only goal that education needs to achieve is to solve environmental problems; the content of environmental education in the stage of sustainable development education breaks through the scope of environmental protection knowledge and skills and changes from resource protection and environmental pollution to the coordinated development of society, economy, and environment [14]. Environmental education in the stage of sustainable development is to make human beings realize that their own survival and development are closely related to nature, and the relationship between ecological environment problems and development must be properly handled. The logical starting point of ecological civilization education is the relationship between man and nature, man and society, and man and self [15]. The content is deeper, more specific, and more scientific than environmental education and sustainable development education [16].Figure 1
The goals that Chinese society should prioritize at present.Humans should regard themselves as a member or part of nature, respect, and protect nature. The main body of ecological civilization construction is also human [17]. Therefore, in the final analysis, ecological civilization is the civilization of the laborers themselves, and it is the transformation of people’s value orientation, production mode, and lifestyle. The transformation ultimately presents people and nature, people and each other, people and others, and the harmonious state of the relationship between the ontology [18].Ecological civilization education for college students is an important part of school ecological civilization education and a high-level ecological civilization education activity [19]. The so-called ecological civilization education of college students refers to the educational activities that the educators of colleges and universities have planned and organized to cultivate the ecological civilization quality of college students [20].The ecological civilization education in colleges and universities has the characteristics of multiple layers and rich contents, which mainly include the education of the current situation of the ecological environment, the education of the basic knowledge of ecological science, the education of the concept of ecological civilization, and the education of the rule of law in the ecological environment. Education on the status quo of ecological environment is the foundation of ecological civilization education in colleges and universities. The concept of ecological civilization is the basic viewpoint and attitude of human beings to understand the organic connection between man, nature and society, and the sum of all thoughts and understandings about ecological civilization.


## 2.2. Theoretical Basis for the Study

The ecological theory has explained the objective laws of the above phenomena very well. With the development of human society, scholars have carried out long-term follow-up research on ecology. Now they have basically mastered the content, laws and principles of ecological theory, and have formed a scientific and complete theoretical system (Figure2).Figure 2
The main expectations of colleges and universities for ecological education.The study of educational ecology initially started in Western countries. In 1966, British scholar Ashby first proposed the concept of “higher education ecology,” which marked the beginning of using the principles and methods of ecology to study problems in the field of education. Subsequently, the American scholar Lawrence. Fleming put forward the concept of “educational ecology.” This theory is a research on the connection between ecological education and ecological environment and controls the causes and directions of various educational phenomena to guide the development trend of education. This theory emphasizes the need to study the relationship between education and its surrounding ecology and to study the law and mechanism of the interaction between the two based on the principles of ecology, especially the mechanisms of ecosystems, environmental balance, and sustainable development.Pedagogy and ecology are two important theoretical foundations of educational ecology. The birth and growth of pedagogy is the result of the combined action of internal and external factors. Its development is an exogenous development process under the joint influence of many social factors; however, pedagogy is an endogenous development process with self-awakening and self-maturity, and a transformation process of self-theoretical thinking. Therefore, the development of pedagogical theory should not only take into account the interaction of education and its surrounding ecological relations.Marx and Engels criticized Feier’s theory of abstract human nature on the basis of critically inheriting all the excellent cultural achievements of human beings, scientifically explained the essence of human beings, and provided a scientific way of thinking for us to understand the essence of human beings.Based on the theory of human nature, Marx put forward the theory of all-round development of human beings, whose core is “the free and all-round development of all human beings” is the highest proposition of Marxism. Therefore, we should respect nature, protect nature, care for the ecological environment, establish the concept of ecological civilization, and raise our own ecological civilization literacy.


## 3. Research on the Application of Mobile Internet Technology in Ecological Civilization Education in Colleges and Universities

### 3.1. The Current Situation of the Application of Mobile Internet Technology in Education in My Country

With the rapid development of mobile Internet technology, people’s learning and communication have broken the previous time and space constraints, and at the same time, a new space has been created for the improvement and play of human capabilities. In today’s information society, the work of the school’s head teachers is also faced with many new situations and new problems. At the same time, the development of information technology has also brought new opportunities and challenges as shown in Figure3.Figure 3
The application of mobile Internet technology in ecological education in colleges and universities.Mr. Lang pointed out that the mobile Internet stimulates students’ curiosity and expands the ways and means of obtaining information. Students can actively choose to obtain information. It can increase students’ classroom interaction and expand teaching content.Learning in the mobile Internet environment can stimulate students’ interest in learning, give full play to the advantages of close interaction between teachers and students, fragmented learning and personalized learning in the mobile Internet environment, improve students’ information literacy and ability to use information technology, and help improve learning. At the same time, teachers can make full use of existing information technology to improve the shortage of face-to-face teaching hours and the insufficient communication between teachers and students after class.At present, people’s work and life are increasingly dependent on the Internet, and it is hoped that the requirements for obtaining network services in the process of moving are getting higher and higher. It enables the nodes of the TD-LTE communication system network to access the Internet, and at the same time, it can further expand the scope of Internet mobile access of the TD-LTE communication system, so that the traditional center-based network and the wireless ad hoc network are well combined. This method has good practical value.


### 3.2. Research on TD-LTE Resource Allocation Algorithm

#### 3.2.1. RA Algorithm Introduction

In the RA algorithm, the objective function is modeled to maximize the system capacity, and the total system capacity is expressed as follows:(1)max∑k=1K∑n=1Nρk,nNlb1+pk,nhk,n2N0B/N.(1)
In the formula,pk, n = 1 means that the resource block n is occupied by user k, otherwise it is 0; B is the total bandwidth of the system; hk, n means that the resource block n of user k is above n The channel gain of; pk, n represents the power allocated by the system on resource block n when user k occupies it. While pursuing the optimization of the objective function, there is also the limitation of the total transmit power:(2)∑k=1K∑n=1Npk,n≤Ptotal.(2)
In the formula,pk, n ≥ 0 applies to all k, n, that is, on all allocated resource blocks, the power is not less than 0. In addition, when RB allocation is performed, the user selects a resource block with a large channel gain to occupy it. Since the objective function (1) is to maximize the total system capacity, it can be predicted that users with poor channel quality and low channel gain will never be able to obtain resources if the fairness constraints are not imposed. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out further fairness conditions. Generally, before allocating resources, first set the proportion of users as follows:(3)R1:R2:R3:⋯:Rk=γ1:γ2:γ3:⋯:γk.(3)
Here,Rk represents the capacity of user k, which is defined as follows:(4)Rk=∑n=1Nρk,nNlb1+pk,nhk,n2N0B/N.


#### 3.2.2. Introduction to MA Algorithm

Under the MA algorithm, the objective function is modeled as minimizing the total transmit power.(5)minPoverall=∑k=1KPk=∑k=1K∑n=1NρknPkn.(5)
In the formula,pk(n) represents the transmit power of user k on the resource block and should have pk(n) ≥ 0, which means that the transmit power obtained by user k when using resource block n is not less than 0. Among them, ρk, n = 1 means that resource block n is occupied by user k, otherwise, ρk, n = 0. While finding the optimal solution to the objective function, constraints must be added to meet the user’s QoS requirements.First define the capacity of userk, which is the same as formula (4), and then define the power condition required by user k as follows:(6)pkn=fkRknhk,n.(6)
In the formula,fk(Rk(n)) represents the actual transmit power required by the user to obtain the capacity of Rk, that is, the actual transmit power is a function of Rk as an independent variable. From the overall point of view of formula (6), in order to achieve the required power transmission, it is necessary to use a power greater than fk(Rk(n)) power emission due to the presence of channel gain of hk, n.


#### 3.2.3. Maximum Throughput Algorithm (Max TP)

The maximum throughput scheduling algorithm selects only the user with the largest carrier-to-interference ratio when selecting the scheduled user, that is, the user with the best channel condition occupies resources to transmit data, so that it can transmit data, adapt to the time-varying characteristics of wireless channels, and make full use of the effect of multiuser diversity. When the channel condition of the user deteriorates, the eNode B reselects other users with the best channel conditions, and the eNode B always serves the user with the best channel condition at the current moment.The total throughput of the system increases with the number of users, which is defined as:(7)TP=∑i=1ktpi,where k is the total number of users; in this simulation, the total number of users is 114. The priority calculation formula of the maximum throughput scheduling algorithm is as follows:(8)k=argmaxj=1,…,KCIjt.The throughput obtained by the maximum throughput scheduling algorithm is the limit value of the system throughput, but it does not take into account the fairness requirements between users at all. Users with poor conditions will have very few opportunities to receive services, and even the so-called “starvation” phenomenon will occur. From the perspective of occupying resources, the maximum load-to-interference ratio scheduling algorithm is the most unfair.


#### 3.2.4. Proportional Fair Algorithm (PF, Proportional Fair)

The priority calculation formula of the proportional fair scheduling algorithm is as follows:(9)k=argmaxj=1,…,KrjtRjt.In the above formula,rj(t) is the instantaneous rate of user j at the current moment, which is determined by the channel state information of user j; Rj(t) is the average rate of user j in the time window Tc. The update formula of the average transmission rate of user j is as follows:(10)Rjt+1=1−1TcRjt+rjtTc.Tc represents the size of the time sliding window. The size of the time window reflects the user’s tolerance for not getting data transmission opportunities. A larger Tc means that the user can wait for a long time until the channel quality becomes better, which is conducive to improving the throughput of the system but may bring to add a delay.


### 3.3. Simulation Results and Performance Analysis

The analysis of the questionnaire is mainly evaluated from the system throughput and system fairness. It can be seen from Figure4 that the polling algorithm sacrifices throughput in order to take into account fairness, and its spectral efficiency is not high. As can be seen from Figure 5, the maximum throughput algorithm has the highest throughput; the proportional fairness algorithm has a slightly smaller throughput than the maximum throughput algorithm.Figure 4
Average throughput of each user under three algorithms.Figure 5
Comparison of the total throughput of the three algorithms.


## 3.1. The Current Situation of the Application of Mobile Internet Technology in Education in My Country

With the rapid development of mobile Internet technology, people’s learning and communication have broken the previous time and space constraints, and at the same time, a new space has been created for the improvement and play of human capabilities. In today’s information society, the work of the school’s head teachers is also faced with many new situations and new problems. At the same time, the development of information technology has also brought new opportunities and challenges as shown in Figure3.Figure 3
The application of mobile Internet technology in ecological education in colleges and universities.Mr. Lang pointed out that the mobile Internet stimulates students’ curiosity and expands the ways and means of obtaining information. Students can actively choose to obtain information. It can increase students’ classroom interaction and expand teaching content.Learning in the mobile Internet environment can stimulate students’ interest in learning, give full play to the advantages of close interaction between teachers and students, fragmented learning and personalized learning in the mobile Internet environment, improve students’ information literacy and ability to use information technology, and help improve learning. At the same time, teachers can make full use of existing information technology to improve the shortage of face-to-face teaching hours and the insufficient communication between teachers and students after class.At present, people’s work and life are increasingly dependent on the Internet, and it is hoped that the requirements for obtaining network services in the process of moving are getting higher and higher. It enables the nodes of the TD-LTE communication system network to access the Internet, and at the same time, it can further expand the scope of Internet mobile access of the TD-LTE communication system, so that the traditional center-based network and the wireless ad hoc network are well combined. This method has good practical value.


## 3.2. Research on TD-LTE Resource Allocation Algorithm

### 3.2.1. RA Algorithm Introduction

In the RA algorithm, the objective function is modeled to maximize the system capacity, and the total system capacity is expressed as follows:(1)max∑k=1K∑n=1Nρk,nNlb1+pk,nhk,n2N0B/N.(1)
In the formula,pk, n = 1 means that the resource block n is occupied by user k, otherwise it is 0; B is the total bandwidth of the system; hk, n means that the resource block n of user k is above n The channel gain of; pk, n represents the power allocated by the system on resource block n when user k occupies it. While pursuing the optimization of the objective function, there is also the limitation of the total transmit power:(2)∑k=1K∑n=1Npk,n≤Ptotal.(2)
In the formula,pk, n ≥ 0 applies to all k, n, that is, on all allocated resource blocks, the power is not less than 0. In addition, when RB allocation is performed, the user selects a resource block with a large channel gain to occupy it. Since the objective function (1) is to maximize the total system capacity, it can be predicted that users with poor channel quality and low channel gain will never be able to obtain resources if the fairness constraints are not imposed. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out further fairness conditions. Generally, before allocating resources, first set the proportion of users as follows:(3)R1:R2:R3:⋯:Rk=γ1:γ2:γ3:⋯:γk.(3)
Here,Rk represents the capacity of user k, which is defined as follows:(4)Rk=∑n=1Nρk,nNlb1+pk,nhk,n2N0B/N.


### 3.2.2. Introduction to MA Algorithm

Under the MA algorithm, the objective function is modeled as minimizing the total transmit power.(5)minPoverall=∑k=1KPk=∑k=1K∑n=1NρknPkn.(5)
In the formula,pk(n) represents the transmit power of user k on the resource block and should have pk(n) ≥ 0, which means that the transmit power obtained by user k when using resource block n is not less than 0. Among them, ρk, n = 1 means that resource block n is occupied by user k, otherwise, ρk, n = 0. While finding the optimal solution to the objective function, constraints must be added to meet the user’s QoS requirements.First define the capacity of userk, which is the same as formula (4), and then define the power condition required by user k as follows:(6)pkn=fkRknhk,n.(6)
In the formula,fk(Rk(n)) represents the actual transmit power required by the user to obtain the capacity of Rk, that is, the actual transmit power is a function of Rk as an independent variable. From the overall point of view of formula (6), in order to achieve the required power transmission, it is necessary to use a power greater than fk(Rk(n)) power emission due to the presence of channel gain of hk, n.


### 3.2.3. Maximum Throughput Algorithm (Max TP)

The maximum throughput scheduling algorithm selects only the user with the largest carrier-to-interference ratio when selecting the scheduled user, that is, the user with the best channel condition occupies resources to transmit data, so that it can transmit data, adapt to the time-varying characteristics of wireless channels, and make full use of the effect of multiuser diversity. When the channel condition of the user deteriorates, the eNode B reselects other users with the best channel conditions, and the eNode B always serves the user with the best channel condition at the current moment.The total throughput of the system increases with the number of users, which is defined as:(7)TP=∑i=1ktpi,where k is the total number of users; in this simulation, the total number of users is 114. The priority calculation formula of the maximum throughput scheduling algorithm is as follows:(8)k=argmaxj=1,…,KCIjt.The throughput obtained by the maximum throughput scheduling algorithm is the limit value of the system throughput, but it does not take into account the fairness requirements between users at all. Users with poor conditions will have very few opportunities to receive services, and even the so-called “starvation” phenomenon will occur. From the perspective of occupying resources, the maximum load-to-interference ratio scheduling algorithm is the most unfair.


### 3.2.4. Proportional Fair Algorithm (PF, Proportional Fair)

The priority calculation formula of the proportional fair scheduling algorithm is as follows:(9)k=argmaxj=1,…,KrjtRjt.In the above formula,rj(t) is the instantaneous rate of user j at the current moment, which is determined by the channel state information of user j; Rj(t) is the average rate of user j in the time window Tc. The update formula of the average transmission rate of user j is as follows:(10)Rjt+1=1−1TcRjt+rjtTc.Tc represents the size of the time sliding window. The size of the time window reflects the user’s tolerance for not getting data transmission opportunities. A larger Tc means that the user can wait for a long time until the channel quality becomes better, which is conducive to improving the throughput of the system but may bring to add a delay.


## 3.2.1. RA Algorithm Introduction

In the RA algorithm, the objective function is modeled to maximize the system capacity, and the total system capacity is expressed as follows:(1)max∑k=1K∑n=1Nρk,nNlb1+pk,nhk,n2N0B/N.(1)
In the formula,pk, n = 1 means that the resource block n is occupied by user k, otherwise it is 0; B is the total bandwidth of the system; hk, n means that the resource block n of user k is above n The channel gain of; pk, n represents the power allocated by the system on resource block n when user k occupies it. While pursuing the optimization of the objective function, there is also the limitation of the total transmit power:(2)∑k=1K∑n=1Npk,n≤Ptotal.(2)
In the formula,pk, n ≥ 0 applies to all k, n, that is, on all allocated resource blocks, the power is not less than 0. In addition, when RB allocation is performed, the user selects a resource block with a large channel gain to occupy it. Since the objective function (1) is to maximize the total system capacity, it can be predicted that users with poor channel quality and low channel gain will never be able to obtain resources if the fairness constraints are not imposed. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out further fairness conditions. Generally, before allocating resources, first set the proportion of users as follows:(3)R1:R2:R3:⋯:Rk=γ1:γ2:γ3:⋯:γk.(3)
Here,Rk represents the capacity of user k, which is defined as follows:(4)Rk=∑n=1Nρk,nNlb1+pk,nhk,n2N0B/N.


## 3.2.2. Introduction to MA Algorithm

Under the MA algorithm, the objective function is modeled as minimizing the total transmit power.(5)minPoverall=∑k=1KPk=∑k=1K∑n=1NρknPkn.(5)
In the formula,pk(n) represents the transmit power of user k on the resource block and should have pk(n) ≥ 0, which means that the transmit power obtained by user k when using resource block n is not less than 0. Among them, ρk, n = 1 means that resource block n is occupied by user k, otherwise, ρk, n = 0. While finding the optimal solution to the objective function, constraints must be added to meet the user’s QoS requirements.First define the capacity of userk, which is the same as formula (4), and then define the power condition required by user k as follows:(6)pkn=fkRknhk,n.(6)
In the formula,fk(Rk(n)) represents the actual transmit power required by the user to obtain the capacity of Rk, that is, the actual transmit power is a function of Rk as an independent variable. From the overall point of view of formula (6), in order to achieve the required power transmission, it is necessary to use a power greater than fk(Rk(n)) power emission due to the presence of channel gain of hk, n.


## 3.2.3. Maximum Throughput Algorithm (Max TP)

The maximum throughput scheduling algorithm selects only the user with the largest carrier-to-interference ratio when selecting the scheduled user, that is, the user with the best channel condition occupies resources to transmit data, so that it can transmit data, adapt to the time-varying characteristics of wireless channels, and make full use of the effect of multiuser diversity. When the channel condition of the user deteriorates, the eNode B reselects other users with the best channel conditions, and the eNode B always serves the user with the best channel condition at the current moment.The total throughput of the system increases with the number of users, which is defined as:(7)TP=∑i=1ktpi,where k is the total number of users; in this simulation, the total number of users is 114. The priority calculation formula of the maximum throughput scheduling algorithm is as follows:(8)k=argmaxj=1,…,KCIjt.The throughput obtained by the maximum throughput scheduling algorithm is the limit value of the system throughput, but it does not take into account the fairness requirements between users at all. Users with poor conditions will have very few opportunities to receive services, and even the so-called “starvation” phenomenon will occur. From the perspective of occupying resources, the maximum load-to-interference ratio scheduling algorithm is the most unfair.


## 3.2.4. Proportional Fair Algorithm (PF, Proportional Fair)

The priority calculation formula of the proportional fair scheduling algorithm is as follows:(9)k=argmaxj=1,…,KrjtRjt.In the above formula,rj(t) is the instantaneous rate of user j at the current moment, which is determined by the channel state information of user j; Rj(t) is the average rate of user j in the time window Tc. The update formula of the average transmission rate of user j is as follows:(10)Rjt+1=1−1TcRjt+rjtTc.Tc represents the size of the time sliding window. The size of the time window reflects the user’s tolerance for not getting data transmission opportunities. A larger Tc means that the user can wait for a long time until the channel quality becomes better, which is conducive to improving the throughput of the system but may bring to add a delay.


## 3.3. Simulation Results and Performance Analysis

The analysis of the questionnaire is mainly evaluated from the system throughput and system fairness. It can be seen from Figure4 that the polling algorithm sacrifices throughput in order to take into account fairness, and its spectral efficiency is not high. As can be seen from Figure 5, the maximum throughput algorithm has the highest throughput; the proportional fairness algorithm has a slightly smaller throughput than the maximum throughput algorithm.Figure 4
Average throughput of each user under three algorithms.Figure 5
Comparison of the total throughput of the three algorithms.


## 4. Experimental Results and Analysis

### 4.1. Sample Description

According to the method of cluster sampling, a total of 1,200 people were selected, of which 1,125 valid questionnaires were recovered, with a recovery rate of 93.75%. Tables1 and 2 present school attributes, school names, and demographic data of the respondents in this survey, respectively.Table 1
Colleges and majors involved in the survey respondents.
School propertySchoolSample size985 211Fudan University6985 211East China University of Science and Technology82985 211Hunan University106211Guizhou University68211Shihezi University73Provincial and Ministerial Joint UniversitiesChangsha University of Science and Technology37Provincial and Ministerial Joint UniversitiesHe Bei University53Provincial Key UniversityHunan University of Science and Technology92Provincial Key UniversityJiangsu Normal University55Provincial Key UniversitySouthern Medical University82Provincial Colleges and UniversitiesGansu University of Political Science and Law49Provincial Colleges and UniversitiesGansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine58Provincial Colleges and UniversitiesGuiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine72Provincial Colleges and UniversitiesShanxi Finance University231Table 2
Demographic data of respondents.
Sample categoryClassificationFrequencyPercentage (%)GradeFreshman28725.5Sophomore42637.9Junior year24121.4Senior year17115.2GenderBoy50544.9Girl62055.1Political statusCommunist21919.5Probationary member34330.5Communist youth league44739.7Other11610.3Job titleStudent leaders24621.9Non-student leaders87978.1BirthplaceCity30226.8Rural82373.2Total1125100


### 4.2. Cognition of Environmental Issues

Regarding the cognition of my country’s environmental problems, 263 students chose “very serious,” accounting for 23.4%; 690 students chose “relatively serious,” accounting for 61.4%; 115 students chose “general” “, accounting for 10.2%; excluding the 36 invalid choices for this question, only 16 students chose “not too serious” and 5 students chose “unclear, do not care,” accounting for 1.4% and 0.4%, respectively (see Table3). As a developing country, my country is faced with problems such as a large population base, insufficient per capita mineral resources, and low per capita green space occupancy. Due to the development of the economy, the lag of environmental legislation and the lack of supervision by the government’s environmental protection department, a series of environmental problems such as air pollution, water pollution, deterioration of soil conditions, serious vegetation damage, noise pollution, and aggravation of solid waste have been brought about. Correct understanding of my country’s environmental problems is the primary issue of environmental protection and environmental governance.Table 3
Cognition of my country’s environmental problems.
FrequencyPercentage (%)EfficientVery serious26323.4More serious69061.4Generally11510.2Less serious161.4Can’t tell, do not care50.4Invalid answer163.2Total1125100


### 4.3. Willingness to Contribute to Environmental Protection

Among some statements about environmental protection, in the topic “If I am sure that money can be used to improve environmental problems, I am willing to pay for it,” 680 students chose “agree,” accounting for 60.4%; 135 students chose “disagree,” accounting for 12%; 308 students chose “unclear, uncertain,” accounting for 27.4%. In the topic “If the government’s tax increase can be used exclusively to improve environmental problems, I am willing to increase tax,” 698 students chose “agree,” accounting for 62.0%; 171 students chose “disagree,” accounted for 15.2%; 254 students chose “unclear, uncertain,” accounting for 22.6%. In the topic “protecting the environment and controlling pollution is not as urgent as some people say,” 72 students chose “agree,” accounting for 6.4% (see Table4).Table 4
Some statements about environmental protection.
Some sayings about environmental protectionAgree (%)Disagree (%)Can’t tell (%)Invalid answer (%)Total (%)1. If I am sure that the money can be used to improve the environment, I am willing to pay60.412.027.40.21002. If the government’s tax increase can be used to improve environmental problems, I am willing to increase tax62.015.222.60.21003. Protecting the environment and controlling pollution is not as urgent as some say6.479.813.60.21004. The government should be responsible for improving the environment, but it’s better not to spend my money24.842.832.00.2100


### 4.4. Status Quo of Ecological Civilization Education in Colleges and Universities

In the question “Does your university offer special compulsory courses on environmental protection?”, 128 students chose “yes,” accounting for 11.4%; 351 students chose “may have,” accounting for 11.4%. 31.2%. In the question “Does your university offer special environmental protection elective courses?”, 266 students chose “yes,” accounting for 23.6%; 378 students chose “may have,” accounting for 23.6%. to 33.6% (see Table5).Table 5
Status quo of ecological civilization education in colleges and universities.
Related questionHave (%)Might have (%)No (%)Probably not (%)Can't tell (%)Invalid answer (%)Total (%)1. Does your university offer compulsory courses on environmental protection?11.431.229.819.07.21.41002. Does your university offer elective courses in environmental protection?23.633.612.617.411.01.81003. Does the university ideological and political course involve environmental protection and ecological civilization?45.034.65.87.64.42.6100This chapter investigates and analyzes college students’ awareness of ecological civilization from five aspects: cognition of environmental problems, willingness to contribute to environmental protection, daily environmental protection actions, level of environmental knowledge, and status quo of environmental problems through questionnaires and analysis. While understanding the current situation of ecological civilization education in colleges and universities, we found many existing problems in ecological civilization education in colleges and universities. Although colleges and universities have generally carried out ecological civilization education, the strength of education is not enough; students have a certain understanding of environmental problems, but they lack the ability to practice; the existing ecological civilization education methods and methods in colleges and universities are very old and cannot be conform to the requirements and development of the times.


## 4.1. Sample Description

According to the method of cluster sampling, a total of 1,200 people were selected, of which 1,125 valid questionnaires were recovered, with a recovery rate of 93.75%. Tables1 and 2 present school attributes, school names, and demographic data of the respondents in this survey, respectively.Table 1
Colleges and majors involved in the survey respondents.
School propertySchoolSample size985 211Fudan University6985 211East China University of Science and Technology82985 211Hunan University106211Guizhou University68211Shihezi University73Provincial and Ministerial Joint UniversitiesChangsha University of Science and Technology37Provincial and Ministerial Joint UniversitiesHe Bei University53Provincial Key UniversityHunan University of Science and Technology92Provincial Key UniversityJiangsu Normal University55Provincial Key UniversitySouthern Medical University82Provincial Colleges and UniversitiesGansu University of Political Science and Law49Provincial Colleges and UniversitiesGansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine58Provincial Colleges and UniversitiesGuiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine72Provincial Colleges and UniversitiesShanxi Finance University231Table 2
Demographic data of respondents.
Sample categoryClassificationFrequencyPercentage (%)GradeFreshman28725.5Sophomore42637.9Junior year24121.4Senior year17115.2GenderBoy50544.9Girl62055.1Political statusCommunist21919.5Probationary member34330.5Communist youth league44739.7Other11610.3Job titleStudent leaders24621.9Non-student leaders87978.1BirthplaceCity30226.8Rural82373.2Total1125100


## 4.2. Cognition of Environmental Issues

Regarding the cognition of my country’s environmental problems, 263 students chose “very serious,” accounting for 23.4%; 690 students chose “relatively serious,” accounting for 61.4%; 115 students chose “general” “, accounting for 10.2%; excluding the 36 invalid choices for this question, only 16 students chose “not too serious” and 5 students chose “unclear, do not care,” accounting for 1.4% and 0.4%, respectively (see Table3). As a developing country, my country is faced with problems such as a large population base, insufficient per capita mineral resources, and low per capita green space occupancy. Due to the development of the economy, the lag of environmental legislation and the lack of supervision by the government’s environmental protection department, a series of environmental problems such as air pollution, water pollution, deterioration of soil conditions, serious vegetation damage, noise pollution, and aggravation of solid waste have been brought about. Correct understanding of my country’s environmental problems is the primary issue of environmental protection and environmental governance.Table 3
Cognition of my country’s environmental problems.
FrequencyPercentage (%)EfficientVery serious26323.4More serious69061.4Generally11510.2Less serious161.4Can’t tell, do not care50.4Invalid answer163.2Total1125100


## 4.3. Willingness to Contribute to Environmental Protection

Among some statements about environmental protection, in the topic “If I am sure that money can be used to improve environmental problems, I am willing to pay for it,” 680 students chose “agree,” accounting for 60.4%; 135 students chose “disagree,” accounting for 12%; 308 students chose “unclear, uncertain,” accounting for 27.4%. In the topic “If the government’s tax increase can be used exclusively to improve environmental problems, I am willing to increase tax,” 698 students chose “agree,” accounting for 62.0%; 171 students chose “disagree,” accounted for 15.2%; 254 students chose “unclear, uncertain,” accounting for 22.6%. In the topic “protecting the environment and controlling pollution is not as urgent as some people say,” 72 students chose “agree,” accounting for 6.4% (see Table4).Table 4
Some statements about environmental protection.
Some sayings about environmental protectionAgree (%)Disagree (%)Can’t tell (%)Invalid answer (%)Total (%)1. If I am sure that the money can be used to improve the environment, I am willing to pay60.412.027.40.21002. If the government’s tax increase can be used to improve environmental problems, I am willing to increase tax62.015.222.60.21003. Protecting the environment and controlling pollution is not as urgent as some say6.479.813.60.21004. The government should be responsible for improving the environment, but it’s better not to spend my money24.842.832.00.2100


## 4.4. Status Quo of Ecological Civilization Education in Colleges and Universities

In the question “Does your university offer special compulsory courses on environmental protection?”, 128 students chose “yes,” accounting for 11.4%; 351 students chose “may have,” accounting for 11.4%. 31.2%. In the question “Does your university offer special environmental protection elective courses?”, 266 students chose “yes,” accounting for 23.6%; 378 students chose “may have,” accounting for 23.6%. to 33.6% (see Table5).Table 5
Status quo of ecological civilization education in colleges and universities.
Related questionHave (%)Might have (%)No (%)Probably not (%)Can't tell (%)Invalid answer (%)Total (%)1. Does your university offer compulsory courses on environmental protection?11.431.229.819.07.21.41002. Does your university offer elective courses in environmental protection?23.633.612.617.411.01.81003. Does the university ideological and political course involve environmental protection and ecological civilization?45.034.65.87.64.42.6100This chapter investigates and analyzes college students’ awareness of ecological civilization from five aspects: cognition of environmental problems, willingness to contribute to environmental protection, daily environmental protection actions, level of environmental knowledge, and status quo of environmental problems through questionnaires and analysis. While understanding the current situation of ecological civilization education in colleges and universities, we found many existing problems in ecological civilization education in colleges and universities. Although colleges and universities have generally carried out ecological civilization education, the strength of education is not enough; students have a certain understanding of environmental problems, but they lack the ability to practice; the existing ecological civilization education methods and methods in colleges and universities are very old and cannot be conform to the requirements and development of the times.


## 5. Conclusion

It is essential to enrich and improve the ecological civilization education in colleges and universities by building the theme website of ecological civilization education, opening online ecological civilization education classrooms, and using other media. Furthermore, it is necessary to strengthen the system construction, team building, and diversified activity platform construction of college environmental protection associations to promote college environmental protection. The construction of the community; by creating a harmonious educational atmosphere, infiltrating the concept of green education, and building a green education campus, we will create a green university platform and innovate ecological civilization education in colleges and universities.The establishment of ecological civilization society is inseparable from the development of ecological civilization education in colleges and universities. Innovation of ecological civilization education in colleges and universities can better guide college students to establish ecological civilization awareness, cultivate ecological civilization literacy, and make ecological civilization behavior a conscious behavior activity of college students.



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*Source: 8263733-2022-08-08.xml*