# Optimization of Ideological and Political Education under the Epidemic via Mobile Learning Auxiliary Platform in the Era of Digitization

Authors: Lizhe Zhang; Juan He
Journal: Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing
 (2022)

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## Abstract

In the digitized era, life has become simpler with the increased information technology. The Education Department in the whole world is facing a tremendous revolution with the development. The traditional classroom study is converted to a modernized and digitized classroom with visualization. This modernization has increased the learning capability of the students with an increase in student and teacher interaction. From this teaching and learning process, most colleges and universities have improved performance in preparing course materials, effective teaching, and independent learning among the students in the theoretical courses. Ideological and political education (IPE) is a theoretical subject that is taught and understood at higher education institutions, such as colleges and universities. A hybrid hierarchicalK-means clustering for optimizing clustering with unsupervised machine learning is proposed to analyze the student performance and concluded that the proposed algorithm shows improved performance than the K-means algorithm.


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## Body

## 1. Introduction

Traditional ideological and political education mainly utilizes offline instruction, which is a single classroom style of one-way transfer of knowledge. This type of ideological and political education has low recognition, lacks appeal, and is uninteresting, resulting in a gradual loss of interest and excitement in the subject matter. The traditional school curriculum is no longer the only option for ideological and political education in the age of new media [1]. Using the advantages of new media, educational content may be continually improved, teaching methods can be diversified, and communication can be done online over the network. Traditional ideological and political education methods have been completely reimagined by the new media teaching approach, which has the unique advantage of capturing people’s attention. As long as the party and the government continue to prioritize ideological and political activity, mobile learning will be able to develop quickly in this area [2]. After China’s 18th National Congress, the Communist Party of China (CPC) set new goals for the party’s ideological and political education in light of changing circumstances and a new era. General Secretary Xi Jinping outlined and emphasized these new fundamental principles for the new era of CPC ideological and political education [3]. It argues that only when ideological and political work is incorporated into specific work, it can meet the educational needs. Ideological and political education requires people to be able to identify and solve problems, not just to recognise them. Ideological and political endeavours in the new time will be greatly aided by the new core principles. Political and ideological activity must be people-oriented and relevant to today’s society. Not only does it align with the demands of the modern age, but it is also critical to implement mobile learning in ideological and political education [4]. As a result of the outbreak, the start of education for college students is delayed, and intelligent mobile device takes up the majority of their time [5]. The primary carrier of novel coronavirus pneumococcal pneumonia is a mobile platform App for the new crown pneumonia prevention and control period. The new media era’s redesigned mobile learning platform can greatly assist ideological and political education [6].China’s higher education association defines mobile learning as the use of wireless devices (mobile phones and computers) that can use wireless networks and access Internet websites in order to build knowledge transfer channels between students and teachers based on the use of wireless networks, Internet technology, computer technology, and multimedia technology in order to realise interactive teaching activities in a more efficient way [7]. The researcher stated that “mobile learning” is the ability to employ intelligent devices that are capable of accessing wireless networks. It is possible for students to learn at their own pace without the constraints of time and location [8]. Mobile learning is more participatory, convenient, and flexible than distant education and e-learning. e-learning, on the other hand, does not allow learners to discuss or review their progress at any moment, making it less effective. Mobile learning, according to some in the field of distant education, is a third option to consider after traditional classroom instruction and e-learning [9]. According to mobile learning tools, public-recognized mobile devices must be capable of transferring and exchanging information [10]. Mobile devices can be used to receive, choose, or transmit information wirelessly via a communication network or computer. Mobile learning tools, such as MP3, MP4, MP5, learning pass, and repeater, are also compatible with several e-learning devices. Even if the above electronic devices satisfy the concept of a mobile learning aid, because of the quick advancements in the 5G technology, these ICDs and media have been replaced [11]. When it comes to distributing a wide range of information, mobile platform Apps have become increasingly popular [12]. Rethinking mobile learning platforms has been done in light of today’s network environment. To describe apps for Wi-Fi-enabled mobile devices that allow people to freely access and share information, Wi-Fi Apps suffice. There are a number of electrical gadgets needed by college students who frequently use cellphones and tablets [13]. In [14], the author has suggested that along with the courses, social talents can be provided as an input and the performance analysis is made. Mobility and cost-freeness are the most prominent attribute of mobile devices, which alludes to two factors: portability and convenience. When an object is small, it does not make it hard to understand. The design of electronic equipment has become more streamlined and small as a result of the growth of science and technology. When it comes to the visual design of tablet computers, for example, they are distinct. Even smaller and lighter than a laptop computer, it is even more portable. It can be relocated at any time to its desired location. With this, you can go anywhere. For mobile devices, “free usage” refers to the fact that users have the upper hand and can do whatever they want with their gadgets. The unfettered use of mobile devices, on the other hand, is critical. All kinds of mobile devices are designed to fulfil the needs of their owners. When it does not meet the user’s expectations, the only choice is to get rid of it [15]. In order to determine a product’s independence from other electronic devices, several parameters must be met. Today, the vast majority of mobile electronic gadgets rely on the network to interact with the outside world, and no electronic device is able to communicate without the network. There are a wide variety of smartphone models and features available on the market, for example. They all have one feature in common: they can only be used to their full potential if they are online [16]. The network’s restrictions cannot be completely overcome by technological devices, but that does not mean that they are. Core processors, operating systems, and freedom to install any third-party software are all features of mobile electronic gadgets. Even without a network, mobile electronic gadgets have a lot of storage space. Independence of mobile electronic devices means that stored information can be accessed whenever and wherever it is needed without the assistance of other network users [17]. This study focused on evaluating the performance of ideological and political education under the epidemic through mobile learning auxiliary platform.


## 2. Materials and Methods

The ideological and political education to investigation focuses on determining how academic institutions managed to provide knowledge during the academic and would have to conform to the teaching experience to solely online teaching and learning in a quite short period of time. Studying how students view online learning and how they use educational learning platforms is an important part of this process. An online survey based on a relatively simple questionnaire was completed. A total of 382 students from academic institutions is utilized in this research work. According to the study’s conclusions of Romanian institutions of higher education, they are unable to adapt to the exclusively online nature of learning.TheK-means algorithm student block is used to the analysis for the material and learn for the course. If the students’ performance is essential to academics, the K-means algorithm is a better data mining technique for grouping students. This unsupervised algorithm can be used to divide large data sets into several sets of groups.TheK-means algorithm teacher block was used to analyze the assessment and monitor and update course contents, if the performance analysis is better data mining techniques for the group of the learning process in a large dataset.The architectural diagram of the proposed system is designed as in Figure1. Persons involved in the IPL courses for the students of colleges and universities are teachers, students, counselors, system administrators, and department administrators. Apart from them, databases and mobile technologies play a significant role in the education system during epidemic situations. The epidemic circumstance has made the better utilization of information technology (IT) to a greater extent. From the architecture, one can understand that whether the person is a teaching faculty or nonteaching faculty or student, the person should learn about mobile technology’s utilization. During this epidemic circumstance, the traditional classroom study is replaced with the updated mobile learning technology (MLT) with other technologies. Some of the different technologies supporting online classrooms are artificial intelligence, which aids in digitizing the course materials; it can implement deep learning or machine learning algorithms to make faster access of the resources through the Internet. As the classrooms are converted online, a modified version of the traditional system is retained by providing the course materials offline. This combination of online and offline modes of studying the course is represented by flipped classroom technology. The students are given privileges to download the course materials online and utilize them for their reference offline. In this architectural diagram, each person is treated as a node who can access the course materials. The teacher plays the role of preparing the course material, teaching process in the specified schedule, monitoring the student’s activities in online classes, and assessing and updating the results and materials (if needed). Students can attend the online courses as per the provided schedule and download the course material; following the courses, the student will get the credentials to participate in the assessment and submit the feedback. Once the student submits the feedback, it will be analyzed and forwarded to the teacher for further queries or updates in the course materials. In the mobile application, the student may get the options to download, view the courses, play the video, attend and submit the assignment, submit their score, and offer feedback. Suppose the student faces any difficulties in accessing the resources. In that case, they can send the message and the system administrator, department administrator, counselor, and the teacher will receive it. With this message, all the responsible persons will be alerted to solve the issue and update the details in the database for future clarifications. Some students may hesitate to communicate with the subject teacher about their learning difficulties; in this circumstance, they can approach the counselor for help. In addition to the teacher, the counselor can track the student’s progress record, encourage them to get higher scores, and motivate them in their studies. A wireless network with digitizing assistance will be used for all of these processes. In this research, a cluster optimization algorithm based on unsupervised machine learning is suggested to evaluate theoretical, ideological, and political education teaching and learning. K-means chooses centroids at unexpected times for data processing; several such clusters serve as the beginnings for such clusters, and the optimized positions have been calculated iteratively. Easy K-means is a grouping method that is the most basic clustering technique. The accessibility of supervised learning has elevated the importance and movement of learning analytics to understand and optimize the process of learning and the surroundings that it occurs. It is challenging to separate valuable information from a vast but also massive data set. Data mining methods are being used to predict but also assess students’ academic performance.Figure 1
Architecture of the proposed system.TheK-means algorithm is a better data mining technique for grouping students if improving students’ academic performance is essential to educational authorities. This unsupervised algorithm can be used to divide large data sets into several sets of groups.The observation-means is represented byX=X1,X2,⋯,Xn. The similarity between the x and the database of college students in the ‖X∣ is demonstrated in the following equation:
(1)X=X12+X22+⋯+Xn2.δ specifies that the functional derivative with regard to the X function (Equation (2)) assumed to be a variable and the independent, while other functions are kept unchanged.
(2)X=TX−δω.ω represents as the first limit ordinal which is denoted by this symbol. It is signified ω and identifiable by the organised variety of environmental percentages.X=X1,X2. The sense of tasks in education systems, ideological and political education, which is obscured is given in the following equation:
(3)X=TX−T¯sXXF.T¯srepresents as the mean direction of vector+.XXF represented as the standard deviation.Here,w is the function of human desire which has reduced as in
(4)w=X1X,X2X.As a result, the vector of directionT¯s can also be written as in
(5)Xi=β0+β1TXi+εoi,cosθ=X1/X and cosα=X2/X. Thus, the direction vector w can also be written as in Equation (6) and Equation (7).
(6)w=cosθ,cosα,(7)X.Y=XYcosθ.We can see thatθ=β−α. Then, we can get the following equation:
(8)cosθ=cosβ−α=cosβcosα+sinβsinα=X1XY1Y+X2XY2Y=X1Y1+X2Y2XY.As illustrated in the equation below, the ideological and political learning centralized repository of framework is an educational framework that connects with identifying the unreasonable evolution of a knowledge economy, which has lost its essential place in life learning.(9)X·Y=XYX1Y1+X2Y2XY=X1Y1+X2Y2.In order to educate people in a methodical and simple approach to incorporate informed established values and behaviour that are appropriate for specific thinking patterns, the purpose is to use the equation.(10)X·Y=∑i=1nXiYi.For students, education is both a goal in and of itself; they see it as a means to further their development through experiences such as growth, gratitude, recognition, service, and encouragement.(11)aX1=X2+b=0.An ideological and methodological framework for education that does not adequately support university, ideological, and political student growth is insufficient; instead, the primary goal of political and intellectual learning should be to free people from the current framework shackles and to establish a rational framework.If we describeX=X1,X2 and w=a,−1, the following Equation (12) is acquired.
(12)hXi=+1ifw·X+b≥0,=1ifw·X+b<0.


## 3. Results and Discussion

The rapid popularization of mobile learning reflects the degree of social attention and also proves the advantages of this new learning mode, which will be the norm for future education. Additionally, mobile learning can benefit from the advantages of multimedia education, which can enhance the appeal of teaching by making knowledge more vivid and accessible. A potent auxiliary learning tool for students preparing to take college entrance exams is mobile learning, which can enhance the contact between teachers and students and improve students’ learning habits after class online.K-means algorithm is used to classify the dataset into male and female based on the residential environment as rural and urban area. The classification accuracy result obtained in male is 65% and female is 81%. Another result concerns the rural area male of accuracy 64% and female of accuracy 72%. The ideological and political education to investigation focuses on determining how academic institutions managed to provide knowledge during the academic (refer to Figure 2).Figure 2
Performance analysis for residential environment for rural and urban area usingK-means algorithm.In hybridK-means algorithm used to classify the dataset male and female residential environment for rural and urban area. It is getting result for rural area male of accuracy 79% and female of accuracy 86%. Another is one getting result for urban area male of accuracy 78% and female of accuracy 82% (refer to Figure 3).Figure 3
Performance analysis for residential environment for rural and urban using hybridK-means algorithm.The performance analysis for existing work is used to classify the dataset male and female residential environment for rural and urban area. It is getting result for rural area male of accuracy 71% and female of accuracy 68%. Another one is getting result for urban area male of accuracy 70% and female of accuracy 63% (refer to Figure4).Figure 4
Performance analysis for existing–residential environment for rural and urban area.Investigative education focuses on determining ideological and political positions.K-means, previous work, and the hybrid K-means algorithm are all compared, and the hybrid K-means method is shown to be the most accurate. It compares the existing result analysis which is best on for the hybrid K-means algorithm (refer to Table 1).Table 1
HybridK-means algorithm, respondents’ classification, residential environment, and male and female characteristics.
ParametersClassificationCountPercentage (%)GenderMale17979.43Female18488.52Residential environmentRural13939Urban19372EducationSchool38292.4515–22 years8515.93ActivitiesExtracurricular activities28962.7The study’s population in a nonprobabilistic manner includes 382 students from two of the biggest schools and colleges. The percent of people is female, mostly between the ages of 15 and 22, from urban areas, and is enrolled in primary school education (Table1). As for gender, 382 (89.43 percent) were men and 179 (79.43 percent) were women, 184 (28.8 percent) from rural areas, 139 (39.9%) urban areas, and 193 (72 percent) in school education, with the remainder 289 (62.7 percent) in professional school education (refer to Table 1).Online learning, students’ impressions of it, their ability to absorb information, and their use of educational platforms in this regard are examined. In order to gather data, an online survey was carried out using a somewhat structured questionnaire. Students from 382 colleges and universities participated in the study. In Figure5, the performance analysis for impartial measurement test of school which specifies the mean, standard deviation, difference of mean, difference of std. error, and difference values based on this values is analyzed. The ideological and political education to investigation focuses on determining the best one which represents the hybrid K-means algorithm (Table 2).Figure 5
Performance analysis for impartial measurement test of school education.Table 2
Impartial measurement test of school education.
ParametersGroupNMeanS. D.tdfpMean differenceStd. error differenceThe online environmentSchool2783.191.25-2.233700.01-0.450.16Online-based learning/teachingSchool3052.151.45-1.563700.01-0.890.16Platform useSchool3122.672.762.673700.010.050.35Platform usefulnessSchool2892.912.12-0.673700.01-0.230.35t is a representation for the test equivalence of means; N is a representation for number of students; df is a representation for difference between the male and female student education. p specifies the group of student learning and teaching education.Face-to-face teaching and learning are still preferred by students, despite the problems they faced, and they believe the platform should only be used as a supplement to the educational process. 58.12 percent of students, on the other hand, prefer to learn through facial expressions, 52.37% would favor a combination of offline and online classes, and 15.68% will indeed recommend online-based learning/teaching.Performance analysis of the teaching-learning process is used in conjunction with e-learning as a support tool to facilitate the educational process. Thus, overall performance analysis of 95% of students would recommend for student.por dataset first, second, and final grade teaching/learning using hybridK-means. Another for K-means algorithm result for 82% and existing performance measurement for 87% would prefer a combination of online and in-person classes, and hybrid K-means generates the greatest result that would recommend to evaluate performance of students towards Internet learning/teaching. In Figure 6, health represents the current health status of students, absence represents the number of school absences, and G1, G2, and G3 represent first period grade, second period grade, and final grade, respectively.Figure 6
Performance analysis head (student.por).Teaching and learning processes are evaluated using the e-learning framework as a supplement to the teaching and learning process. Thus, based on the overall performance of 97% of students, head (student.math) dataset first, second, and final grade teaching/learning utilizing hybridK-means is recommended. In Figure 7, K-means algorithm result for 82% and existing performance measurement for 87% would prefer a combination of online and in-person classes, and hybridK-means is the greatest result that would recommend available on the Internet learning/teaching. Table 3 represents the performance analysis of the learning and teaching processes obtained from the dataset.Figure 7
Performance analysis head (student.math).Table 3
Performance analysis head (student.por) and head (student.math).
Head (student.por)Head (student.math)HealthAbsentG1G2G3HealthAbsentG1G2G313656613401111234556232911113310781033612131245215141545014141455460105501113136510151515656121213During the epidemic situation, it is mandatory for the teachers and the students to have good health condition. Unless the teacher and the student do not maintain the health, it will be difficult for the students to concentrate on the courses and get higher grades in the assessment. From the above Table3, this scenario can be clearly obtained. A selective number of six students were considered in random to explain this circumstance. It can be said that the students having good health is not absent for any of the classes and hence, they have secured higher grades in all their assessments. In contrast, the students with poor or ill health were unable to attend the classes regularly; as a result, the students have missed some or many of the classes and hence scored lower grades. In terms of the drawbacks of online learning, our findings are consistent with grade consumption. Students are easily distracted as well as lose concentration as the teachers might not have utilized interactive visualization tools to keep them focused. In addition to improvements, environmental disruptive innovations such as noise from family members or neighbors, as well as a lack of adequate learning space, have an influence on the total of time students could indeed spend online which can be considered in the future studies while learning online.The hybrid fuzzyK-means and classification method is used to perform machine learning data analysis but also extract a most significance from information by analyzing as well as modifying fundamental information. Machine learning models struggle to define patterns from data even though data processing is usually more advanced and the amount of free information is rather huge. Students believe education is the primary goal and also that education includes also education and moreover guidance, evolution, recognition, knowledge, delivery, and teamwork, all of which enable students to succeed. Students achieve the performance framework based on behavioral quality evaluations. The performance analysis median score as well as differences in political and ideological teaching statistics is represented in Figure 8. It is the best performance for the hybridK-means algorithm using the classification with ML techniques (refer to Table 4).Figure 8
Performance analysis median scores as well as differences in political and ideological teaching statistics.Table 4
Result analysis median scores as well as differences in political and ideological teaching statistics.
StudentHybridK-means algorithmPerformance analysis (%)Time (s)FrequencyAccuracy (%)Teaching attitude30.76586Teaching acceptance2.50.85376Learning situation2.70.79373Classroom effect30.88480Changes in the social context necessitate an adjustment in ideological and political teaching methods. Ideological and political education must be updated to keep pace with the rapid advancement of modern science and technology. The introduction of the 5G era and the reform and innovation of electronic product manufacturers have resulted in faster updates for mobile devices, making information sharing easier. State legislation and greater investment in the communication industry have also made it easier for mobile learning to take place. Using a mobile learning device indicates that ideological and political education can no longer be confined to the traditional techniques of instruction. Keeping up with the trends and integrating it with a mobile learning platform are crucial in order to improve ideological and political education. According to the findings of the study, mobile learning has the potential to benefit from its speed and efficiency network. By requesting access to users with learning materials such as teachers, it can help students obtain the learning materials they need faster and more accurately than online and ordinary group communication, reduce resource response time, and improve resource acquisition success rate.In the future, intelligent instruction will be much better because to the Internet’s progress. Using artificial intelligence in college students’ ideological and political education is likely to result in three stages of development: primary applications, intermediate applications, and advanced applications, according to researchers. The function of teachers and schools will eventually diminish, and pupils will be taught according to their potential. It does not matter if artificial intelligence technology has achieved a huge breakthrough or not; technology has never been the only factor that has influenced the evolution of anything. The principle of all technology applications and development is that talent is the most significant and most important. One promising new technology is mobile artificial intelligence terminals, which have the potential to be extremely successful. By adding applicable distributed artificial intelligence technologies into the system, an ideological and political education system for college students can be built into the system and implemented. Track students’ learning at any point in time by noting their interests, hobbies, and other personality factors, and then, adjusts the teaching strategies that have been picked for them at the appropriate time to meet their needs. Using a mobile artificial intelligence terminal developed in this study, a college student can receive ideological and political education that is superior to the preceding network teaching system that was based on agents in this study. Operation of the customer’s material is permitted under the authority granted by the client, boosting security and effectively resolving the flaw of poor intelligence in today’s educational system. A system or model’s feasibility and effectiveness must be tested in practise, though. For now, the system must be tweaked and improved, and a few nonfunctional issues must be investigated and tested, such as how storing a large number of students’ individual data impacts system performance.


## 4. Conclusions

For ideological and political education, the use of mobile learning based on ICD is examined in light of the current epidemic situation. They include a new definition of the mobile learning platform device. There appears to be no better medium for disseminating information than the mobile platform. A mobile platform for ideological and political education is both an innovation and a supplement to the traditional ideological and political education classroom. For evaluating students’ performance on mobile learning in ideological and political education, this study developed a hybrid fuzzyK-means algorithm with fuzziness. All the students were found to have engaged in ideological and political education via mobile platforms.



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