# Application Calibration Based on Energy Consumption Model in Optimal Design of Green Buildings

Authors: Feiran Xue; Jingyuan Zhao
Journal: Advances in Materials Science and Engineering
 (2021)

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## Abstract

Buildings will generate considerable resource and energy consumption, environmental impact, and costs throughout their entire life cycle. Life cycle assessment and life cycle cost methods have become widely used building sustainability evaluation methods internationally due to their long-term comprehensive evaluation perspectives and scientific quantitative calculation methods. In response to energy consumption management issues in green buildings, a questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the concepts of sustainable development, green environmental protection, and energy consumption management of construction enterprise personnel. Through the survey, it can be seen that corporate executives generally have a sense of sustainable development and pay more attention to sustainable competition and the green development of enterprises. Approximately 90% of executives understand energy consumption models. Only 10% of employees do not understand, but they are acquired by the company’s frontline employees. The result of the feedback is just the opposite. Frontline workers pay little attention to the long-term development of the company. Only about 5% of employees are proficient in the energy management system, but the proportion of completely unknown is as high as 20%, indicating that the overall energy management awareness of Chinese enterprises still needs to be strengthened. Secondly, through design experiments, the energy-saving management effect of the energy consumption model was observed and analyzed. From the power saving and load test, we found that the monitoring of the energy consumption model is helpful for companies to choose more energy-efficient building circuit designs, achieving an average annual energy-saving effect of about 8%, so as to achieve the purpose of energy saving.


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## Body

## 1. Introduction

With the rapid development of China’s industrialization and urbanization, the construction industry has become a pillar industry of China’s economic development. In the rapid development of the construction industry, environmental problems are becoming increasingly prominent, and the exhaustion of resources and energy threatens the survival of mankind. Countries around the world have proposed the concept of green energy saving in order to seek harmony between architecture and nature. Green building is an inevitable choice for China to develop a low-carbon circular economy.From the perspective of sustainable development, the evaluation of environmental emissions and energy consumption during the life cycle of a building is an important aspect of the physical performance of a building. Due to its long-term comprehensive evaluation perspective, scientific quantitative calculation method and scientific database statistical method, the life cycle assessment method has become an important supplement to the existing building physical environment performance analysis method, which can more comprehensively evaluate the whole life of the building. Material inputs and outputs in the process support decision makers to make scientific decisions at different stages.In the management of green buildings, Liao studied the application of energy management systems in green buildings. Energy management systems (EMS) are special computers that program them to control all energy-related systems of buildings, including heating and cooling, ventilation, hot water, indoor lighting, external lighting, on-site power generation, and mechanization of systems for shading equipment, window actuators, and dual facade elements [1]. Recently, a new module for EMS simulation has been added to EnergyPlus’ entire building energy simulation program. The basic part of the EMS module is EnergyPlus Runtime Language (ERL), which is a simple programming language used to specify EMS control algorithms. Vimpari and Junnila are focused on the research of smart home energy management systems. The smart home energy management system (IHEMS) can control the energy consumption of equipment and household appliances and the best energy distribution and management [2]. Its characteristics can not only avoid inefficient energy consumption but also alternately coordinate the use of existing energy and renewable energy. The project focuses on the development of IHEMS embedded energy-saving and management systems. Neyestani introduced the design of the EMS2000 energy management system on the basis of example projects [3]. The functions of the submeter energy-saving management system are analyzed from the aspects of overall building energy consumption analysis, power distribution system information monitoring, and power load analysis. It is pointed out that the EMS2000 energy consumption management system can accurately discover wasted energy and energy-saving potential in large public buildings and judge the actual energy-saving effect of management or technical measures, which is of great significance for energy-saving supervision.Based on the concept of sustainable development and green building, this paper analyzes the environmental protection concept and awareness of China’s construction enterprises, and the application of consumption management system in green building, specifically the application of power saving, explains the energy The use effect of the energy consumption management system is hoped to provide more basis for the application of the energy consumption management system in green building.


## 2. Proposed Method

### 2.1. Sustainable Development and Green Building

Sustainable development is the sustainability of a people-oriented ecological-social-economic composite system [4, 5]. The strategic evolution of enterprise development will inevitably experience four stages of predatory mining and production, passive pollution control, proactive prevention and control, and the formation of environmental competitiveness, reflecting the different historical stages of enterprises’ understanding of sustainable development and market environment change. At present, under the global green trend, construction companies should also realize strategic evolution, shape environmental competitiveness under the concept of sustainable development, develop the ecological economy and circular economy, and achieve green growth. To study how construction companies abandon the traditional high-energy consumption and high-pollution construction company business model and carry out research on green strategic innovation of construction companies has important contemporary and practical significance [6, 7].In China, there are many opinions on the understanding of green buildings, but a unified consensus has been reached on the sustainability of green buildings. The relatively comprehensive concept of green buildings in China is more than its affirmation of “full lifespan.” The concept of “cycle” [8]. The full life cycle of green buildings is not limited to the construction period. The traditional concept of the construction period only considers comfort and economy. The construction period of green buildings emphasizes the extension of the front and back, giving green buildings a complete life period. According to the “Green Building Technical Guidelines,” the green building is defined in the whole life cycle of the building to minimize pollution, save resources (commonly known as “four sections” of land saving, energy saving, water saving, and material saving), and protect the environment. It is also a kind of building that can provide humans with health, comfort, and high-efficiency space utilization and live in harmony with humans. In addition, there is a more popular concept, emphasizing the physical health of the occupants, focusing on the saving of the whole process of the building, and at the same time also involving reducing the interference to the environment; that is, green buildings provide human health and comfort, safe, used for living, working and living space, throughout the entire life cycle of the building (from the design and planning of the building to the production and transportation of building materials, to construction and maintenance, and finally the entire process of scrapping and dismantling the raw materials for recycling), a building that affects the surrounding environment to a minimum and uses various resources (land, energy, water, raw materials) efficiently [9, 10].Compared with developed countries, China’s green building started relatively late. Since the development of green buildings in China, the evaluation standard evaluation label system has been promulgated. Although the progress has been significant, there are also many problems, mainly including the following 4 points: (1) Green: there are misunderstandings in the construction personnel, especially in the economic aspect; there is a deviation in investment perception, and a mistaken believe that green buildings are high-cost high-tech buildings. It just ignores the economic, social, and environmental benefits brought by green buildings, leading to the development of green buildings into a misunderstanding [11]. The green building concept and green consumption concept need to be properly guided. (2) There are misunderstandings in the application of green building technology, blindly stacking new technologies, resulting in high costs and high repetition rate of green building technology, and lack of flexibility to adapt to local conditions. (3) The incentive and enforceability of government incentive policies are not strong, lack of adjustment of incentive policies, and legislation and regulations also need to be further improved. (4) There are few participants in the promotion, and the promotion of green buildings requires the participation and cooperation of the whole society in order to truly penetrate the hearts of the people [12, 13]. Due to the lack of comprehensive analysis and research on the cost and benefit of green buildings in China, the promotion of green buildings is often not persuasive. A cost-effective database should be established on the basis of the investigation of green building evaluation and labeling projects, and different green building technologies should be analyzed according to different regions. The resulting costs and benefits have made society more comprehensively aware of the benefits of green buildings [14]. Compared with developed countries, China has insufficient per capita resources and is a country with high energy consumption. Therefore, the demand for green buildings is more urgent than in other countries. At present, China’s green building is still in the development stage. The evaluation standard currently adopted in China is GB/T 50378-2014 “Green Building Evaluation Standard.” This standard is divided into seven categories of indicators, namely: land conservation and external environment, energy-saving and renewable resources utilization, water resources conservation and utilization, construction materials conservation and utilization, building environmental quality, building construction process management, and building commissioning management. Among various indicators, energy conservation and energy utilization are inseparable from the major of electrical engineering, and the weight in the design evaluation accounts for 0.28. Among them, the submetering of energy consumption and the power density value of lighting are the control items and the evaluation of green buildings[15, 16]. The characteristics of green buildings are neither general greening nor specific buildings but a comprehensive evaluation of building energy efficiency, comfort, and environmental protection. Its characteristics can be summarized as follows: (1) emphasis on the concept of the full life cycle, emphasizing the harmony between man and nature. (2) Reflecting the concept of circular economy and having minimal impact on the environment. Emphasis on obtaining the maximum benefit with the smallest cost. (3) The integration of man and nature. (4) The use of renewable energy, energy-saving technologies, green and environmentally friendly recyclable materials, and other means to achieve high efficiency and low cost.


### 2.2. Ecological Building and Energy Management System

In the 1960s, American architects put forward the concept of ecological architecture, for the first time linking architecture and ecological environment, which is also the origin of the concept of green architecture. After the oil crisis in the 1970s, some countries began to pay attention to the research on energy conservation in buildings. With the emergence of new concepts and technologies such as geothermal energy, wind energy, and solar energy, and investment in the field of construction, green buildings have been used on a large scale [17]. The “LEED” standard evaluation system in the United States has been widely recognized in the construction industry worldwide and has become an important standard for global green building certification. LEED certification levels from low to high are certification level, silver level, gold level, and platinum level, of which 6 major scoring systems are sustainable site, energy and atmosphere, water efficiency, construction materials and resources, indoor environment, and innovation design [18, 19]. In addition, the more well-known green building evaluation systems in the world include BREEAM in the United Kingdom, CASBE in Japan, and Blue Angel in Germany. Each of them has developed relevant scoring schemes based on their own national conditions and technological development status. The development of green energy projects requires electrical designers to apply relevant technologies and adopt effective energy management solutions during the building design phase [20]. For the first time, an Italian architectural designer proposed the direction of architectural research combining ecology and architecture, which made people rerecognize the new development characteristics of architecture. After that, the West developed ideas such as sustainable architecture and green architecture [21]. In 2006, the China Academy of Building Research and other construction units prepared the “Green Building Evaluation Standard.” The “standard” defines green building as follows: during the life cycle, the resources and energy are saved and used to the maximum extent to protect the environment and reduce pollution, providing a beautiful living environment and achieving harmony between man and nature [22]. The following can be seen from the definition: (1) Focus on the entire life cycle of the building. Now people pay more and more attention to the entire life cycle of the building, so the early stage of the analysis of the surrounding terrain and environment to avoid the waste of space can also reduce the environmental pollution caused by the later demolition and fully reflect the sustainable development of green buildings idea. (2) Promote natural harmony. The energy consumption of traditional buildings puts tremendous pressure on the environment, and green buildings emphasize that under the premise of having a healthy and comfortable use space, energy consumption can be reduced and people and nature can live in harmony. (3) Emphasize economic benefits. Technology and form make full use of advanced technologies such as informatization, automation, new processes, and new materials to achieve optimal social and economic benefits. There will be a certain incremental cost during the construction phase, but from the perspective of the whole process of the life cycle, various costs are saved. In April 2014, the State Department of Housing and Urban-Rural Development revised the 06 edition of the “Green Building Evaluation Standards” and added new evaluation content on green construction. Green building evaluations are implemented with a more quantitative evaluation system. In May 2017, the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan” for the development of the construction industry requires that by 2020, all new urban civil buildings in China will meet the energy-saving standards. Green urban buildings will account for 50% of new buildings and 40% of green building materials. In April 2018, the International Green Construction Conference was successfully held in Zhuhai. Topics include green design, energy-saving renovation of existing buildings, development of green ecological urban areas, building big data, and BIM technology [23].The application of building energy management technology in various countries has experienced long-term development: (1) The technical application measures adopted by the United Kingdom in building energy management are mainly in three aspects: First, the use of structural (wall, door, window, roof) improvement measures to improve the internal insulation function indirectly reduce the energy required for heating; the second is the use of solar energy; the third is the transformation of the heating system. At present, the United Kingdom is vigorously promoting passive solar houses, which use building heat absorption and insulation materials as a medium and use the natural exchange of cold and hot air to achieve the use of solar energy. In solar houses, the total energy provided by solar energy accounts for 30%–40% of the total energy. In order to fully promote sustainable development, the British government implemented a million-dollar “green housing” project to encourage residents to use environmentally friendly technologies and building materials to build and renovate housing and build new environmentally friendly housing. This new house mainly uses solar panels and water recovery equipment. (2) Germany is in a leading position in the field of energy management, mainly involving the heat energy of building envelopes, indoor environmental quality, and energy consumption of construction equipment. The energy-saving of buildings can be obtained through the thermal insulation function of the enclosure structure, the airtightness of the doors and windows, the operating efficiency of the boiler, the natural lighting of the building, and natural ventilation. Under the leadership of government policies, renewable resources such as solar energy and natural gas are gradually applied to various types of building heating. (3) The United States promotes building energy efficiency in two major ways. One is the thermal performance of the building, which can achieve energy saving and emission reduction by providing the insulation of the building envelope, the sealing of the doors and windows, and the rational use of light, ventilation, and environment; the second is to improve the energy consumption equipment in the building (including heating, Air conditioning, lighting, water resources, and office automation systems). The United States is a world leader in the development of new energy sources, the use of pollution-free energy, and energy management (such as energy conservation and emission reduction). At present, the United States is popularizing the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy to provide effective energy for buildings such as homes, schools, and public buildings. It mainly converts solar energy into electrical energy and stores it in batteries, which are then directly used in lighting systems, hot water supply, indoor ventilation, etc. The solar energy technology in the United States has gradually matured, and it has formed a complete building industrialization system for building design, construction, or operation. China’s building energy management work started late. After years of development, the central and local management centers have been established to carry out building energy management work in accordance with laws, regulations, and regulatory documents and basically form a building energy-saving design standard system [24, 25].EMS energy management system is the general term of modern power grid dispatching automation system (including hardware and software). Its main functions are composed of two parts: basic functions and application functions. Basic functions include computer, operating system, and EMS support system. Application functions include data acquisition and monitoring (SCADA), automatic generation control (AGC) and planning, and network application analysis. Based on the application of the energy management system in green buildings, this article uses a questionnaire survey to understand the public’s understanding of the energy management system. Through experimental research, it mainly verifies the energy-saving effect of the energy management system on electrical aspects [26].


## 2.1. Sustainable Development and Green Building

Sustainable development is the sustainability of a people-oriented ecological-social-economic composite system [4, 5]. The strategic evolution of enterprise development will inevitably experience four stages of predatory mining and production, passive pollution control, proactive prevention and control, and the formation of environmental competitiveness, reflecting the different historical stages of enterprises’ understanding of sustainable development and market environment change. At present, under the global green trend, construction companies should also realize strategic evolution, shape environmental competitiveness under the concept of sustainable development, develop the ecological economy and circular economy, and achieve green growth. To study how construction companies abandon the traditional high-energy consumption and high-pollution construction company business model and carry out research on green strategic innovation of construction companies has important contemporary and practical significance [6, 7].In China, there are many opinions on the understanding of green buildings, but a unified consensus has been reached on the sustainability of green buildings. The relatively comprehensive concept of green buildings in China is more than its affirmation of “full lifespan.” The concept of “cycle” [8]. The full life cycle of green buildings is not limited to the construction period. The traditional concept of the construction period only considers comfort and economy. The construction period of green buildings emphasizes the extension of the front and back, giving green buildings a complete life period. According to the “Green Building Technical Guidelines,” the green building is defined in the whole life cycle of the building to minimize pollution, save resources (commonly known as “four sections” of land saving, energy saving, water saving, and material saving), and protect the environment. It is also a kind of building that can provide humans with health, comfort, and high-efficiency space utilization and live in harmony with humans. In addition, there is a more popular concept, emphasizing the physical health of the occupants, focusing on the saving of the whole process of the building, and at the same time also involving reducing the interference to the environment; that is, green buildings provide human health and comfort, safe, used for living, working and living space, throughout the entire life cycle of the building (from the design and planning of the building to the production and transportation of building materials, to construction and maintenance, and finally the entire process of scrapping and dismantling the raw materials for recycling), a building that affects the surrounding environment to a minimum and uses various resources (land, energy, water, raw materials) efficiently [9, 10].Compared with developed countries, China’s green building started relatively late. Since the development of green buildings in China, the evaluation standard evaluation label system has been promulgated. Although the progress has been significant, there are also many problems, mainly including the following 4 points: (1) Green: there are misunderstandings in the construction personnel, especially in the economic aspect; there is a deviation in investment perception, and a mistaken believe that green buildings are high-cost high-tech buildings. It just ignores the economic, social, and environmental benefits brought by green buildings, leading to the development of green buildings into a misunderstanding [11]. The green building concept and green consumption concept need to be properly guided. (2) There are misunderstandings in the application of green building technology, blindly stacking new technologies, resulting in high costs and high repetition rate of green building technology, and lack of flexibility to adapt to local conditions. (3) The incentive and enforceability of government incentive policies are not strong, lack of adjustment of incentive policies, and legislation and regulations also need to be further improved. (4) There are few participants in the promotion, and the promotion of green buildings requires the participation and cooperation of the whole society in order to truly penetrate the hearts of the people [12, 13]. Due to the lack of comprehensive analysis and research on the cost and benefit of green buildings in China, the promotion of green buildings is often not persuasive. A cost-effective database should be established on the basis of the investigation of green building evaluation and labeling projects, and different green building technologies should be analyzed according to different regions. The resulting costs and benefits have made society more comprehensively aware of the benefits of green buildings [14]. Compared with developed countries, China has insufficient per capita resources and is a country with high energy consumption. Therefore, the demand for green buildings is more urgent than in other countries. At present, China’s green building is still in the development stage. The evaluation standard currently adopted in China is GB/T 50378-2014 “Green Building Evaluation Standard.” This standard is divided into seven categories of indicators, namely: land conservation and external environment, energy-saving and renewable resources utilization, water resources conservation and utilization, construction materials conservation and utilization, building environmental quality, building construction process management, and building commissioning management. Among various indicators, energy conservation and energy utilization are inseparable from the major of electrical engineering, and the weight in the design evaluation accounts for 0.28. Among them, the submetering of energy consumption and the power density value of lighting are the control items and the evaluation of green buildings[15, 16]. The characteristics of green buildings are neither general greening nor specific buildings but a comprehensive evaluation of building energy efficiency, comfort, and environmental protection. Its characteristics can be summarized as follows: (1) emphasis on the concept of the full life cycle, emphasizing the harmony between man and nature. (2) Reflecting the concept of circular economy and having minimal impact on the environment. Emphasis on obtaining the maximum benefit with the smallest cost. (3) The integration of man and nature. (4) The use of renewable energy, energy-saving technologies, green and environmentally friendly recyclable materials, and other means to achieve high efficiency and low cost.


## 2.2. Ecological Building and Energy Management System

In the 1960s, American architects put forward the concept of ecological architecture, for the first time linking architecture and ecological environment, which is also the origin of the concept of green architecture. After the oil crisis in the 1970s, some countries began to pay attention to the research on energy conservation in buildings. With the emergence of new concepts and technologies such as geothermal energy, wind energy, and solar energy, and investment in the field of construction, green buildings have been used on a large scale [17]. The “LEED” standard evaluation system in the United States has been widely recognized in the construction industry worldwide and has become an important standard for global green building certification. LEED certification levels from low to high are certification level, silver level, gold level, and platinum level, of which 6 major scoring systems are sustainable site, energy and atmosphere, water efficiency, construction materials and resources, indoor environment, and innovation design [18, 19]. In addition, the more well-known green building evaluation systems in the world include BREEAM in the United Kingdom, CASBE in Japan, and Blue Angel in Germany. Each of them has developed relevant scoring schemes based on their own national conditions and technological development status. The development of green energy projects requires electrical designers to apply relevant technologies and adopt effective energy management solutions during the building design phase [20]. For the first time, an Italian architectural designer proposed the direction of architectural research combining ecology and architecture, which made people rerecognize the new development characteristics of architecture. After that, the West developed ideas such as sustainable architecture and green architecture [21]. In 2006, the China Academy of Building Research and other construction units prepared the “Green Building Evaluation Standard.” The “standard” defines green building as follows: during the life cycle, the resources and energy are saved and used to the maximum extent to protect the environment and reduce pollution, providing a beautiful living environment and achieving harmony between man and nature [22]. The following can be seen from the definition: (1) Focus on the entire life cycle of the building. Now people pay more and more attention to the entire life cycle of the building, so the early stage of the analysis of the surrounding terrain and environment to avoid the waste of space can also reduce the environmental pollution caused by the later demolition and fully reflect the sustainable development of green buildings idea. (2) Promote natural harmony. The energy consumption of traditional buildings puts tremendous pressure on the environment, and green buildings emphasize that under the premise of having a healthy and comfortable use space, energy consumption can be reduced and people and nature can live in harmony. (3) Emphasize economic benefits. Technology and form make full use of advanced technologies such as informatization, automation, new processes, and new materials to achieve optimal social and economic benefits. There will be a certain incremental cost during the construction phase, but from the perspective of the whole process of the life cycle, various costs are saved. In April 2014, the State Department of Housing and Urban-Rural Development revised the 06 edition of the “Green Building Evaluation Standards” and added new evaluation content on green construction. Green building evaluations are implemented with a more quantitative evaluation system. In May 2017, the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan” for the development of the construction industry requires that by 2020, all new urban civil buildings in China will meet the energy-saving standards. Green urban buildings will account for 50% of new buildings and 40% of green building materials. In April 2018, the International Green Construction Conference was successfully held in Zhuhai. Topics include green design, energy-saving renovation of existing buildings, development of green ecological urban areas, building big data, and BIM technology [23].The application of building energy management technology in various countries has experienced long-term development: (1) The technical application measures adopted by the United Kingdom in building energy management are mainly in three aspects: First, the use of structural (wall, door, window, roof) improvement measures to improve the internal insulation function indirectly reduce the energy required for heating; the second is the use of solar energy; the third is the transformation of the heating system. At present, the United Kingdom is vigorously promoting passive solar houses, which use building heat absorption and insulation materials as a medium and use the natural exchange of cold and hot air to achieve the use of solar energy. In solar houses, the total energy provided by solar energy accounts for 30%–40% of the total energy. In order to fully promote sustainable development, the British government implemented a million-dollar “green housing” project to encourage residents to use environmentally friendly technologies and building materials to build and renovate housing and build new environmentally friendly housing. This new house mainly uses solar panels and water recovery equipment. (2) Germany is in a leading position in the field of energy management, mainly involving the heat energy of building envelopes, indoor environmental quality, and energy consumption of construction equipment. The energy-saving of buildings can be obtained through the thermal insulation function of the enclosure structure, the airtightness of the doors and windows, the operating efficiency of the boiler, the natural lighting of the building, and natural ventilation. Under the leadership of government policies, renewable resources such as solar energy and natural gas are gradually applied to various types of building heating. (3) The United States promotes building energy efficiency in two major ways. One is the thermal performance of the building, which can achieve energy saving and emission reduction by providing the insulation of the building envelope, the sealing of the doors and windows, and the rational use of light, ventilation, and environment; the second is to improve the energy consumption equipment in the building (including heating, Air conditioning, lighting, water resources, and office automation systems). The United States is a world leader in the development of new energy sources, the use of pollution-free energy, and energy management (such as energy conservation and emission reduction). At present, the United States is popularizing the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy to provide effective energy for buildings such as homes, schools, and public buildings. It mainly converts solar energy into electrical energy and stores it in batteries, which are then directly used in lighting systems, hot water supply, indoor ventilation, etc. The solar energy technology in the United States has gradually matured, and it has formed a complete building industrialization system for building design, construction, or operation. China’s building energy management work started late. After years of development, the central and local management centers have been established to carry out building energy management work in accordance with laws, regulations, and regulatory documents and basically form a building energy-saving design standard system [24, 25].EMS energy management system is the general term of modern power grid dispatching automation system (including hardware and software). Its main functions are composed of two parts: basic functions and application functions. Basic functions include computer, operating system, and EMS support system. Application functions include data acquisition and monitoring (SCADA), automatic generation control (AGC) and planning, and network application analysis. Based on the application of the energy management system in green buildings, this article uses a questionnaire survey to understand the public’s understanding of the energy management system. Through experimental research, it mainly verifies the energy-saving effect of the energy management system on electrical aspects [26].


## 3. Experiments

### 3.1. Questionnaire Survey Method

#### 3.1.1. Theoretical Basis

A questionnaire survey is the most common research method in the field of management. It is in the form of a questionnaire to allow respondents to fill in the questions and respond to the actual situation and real ideas. According to the research scope, research objects, research time, research funding, response rate, and other factors of the researchers, different forms of questionnaires are issued, such as field visits, e-mails, on-site unified organization, and answering, etc. This article uses the questionnaire survey method, mainly because it has the following advantages: First, the cost of questionnaire survey is low, especially the popularity and convenience of online tools, so that the use of online questionnaire survey tools, e-mail, and other forms is more efficient, saving time, manpower, and material resources. Electronic questionnaires save paper, are more environmentally friendly, shorten the time of the entire questionnaire survey process, and improve the overall efficiency of empirical research. Second, by answering the questionnaire anonymously, the surveyed can express their wishes faithfully according to the real situation of the enterprise and avoid the interference of other external factors, making the survey results more reliable. Third, the questionnaire survey is time-sensitive. After the questionnaire is recovered, the survey results can be quantitatively analyzed in time, and the data analysis can be performed through various statistical software to obtain more accurate data hypothesis results.


#### 3.1.2. Questionnaire Design

The questionnaire mainly includes the following three parts: First, the purpose of the investigation. Before filling in the questionnaire formally, the research should explain the objectives, significance, precautions, and confidentiality measures of the survey in detail. Since the content of the questionnaire involves corporate environmental protection behavior, special emphasis should be placed on protecting the rights and interests of those who answer the questionnaire. The results of this survey are only used for academic research, not for any commercial purposes, and are anonymous. Fill in; Second, corporate characteristics and personal characteristics. The characteristics of the enterprise include the nature, size, industry category, and years of the enterprise, and the personal characteristics include gender, education, age, and working years. Third, measure various variables in the theoretical framework. It mainly includes five aspects: enterprise sustainable development strategy, green building, sustainable competitive advantage, stakeholders’ environmental pressure, and understanding of energy consumption management system. Based on previous research and suggestions from multiple management experts and scholars, this article follows the following process and steps to design the questionnaire: First, based on the existing literature at home and abroad, the study fully draws on multiple empirical tests and has high reliability. According to the connotation of variables, theoretical basis, and applicable situation, the scale of validity is designed to match the measurement scale most suitable for this study. Second, in-depth interviews with companies. Before the initial questionnaire was generated, we selected some companies to conduct in-depth interviews to understand the regulatory system and actual implementation of the company’s environmental strategy and green innovation, listen to the suggestions of multiple entrepreneurs and executives, and ensure that the questionnaire is more in line with the presentation—the context of Chinese organizations. Third, listen to expert opinions and participate in academic seminars. On the basis of literature reading and in-depth interviews with enterprises, in order to increase the content validity of the questionnaire, the author consulted professors and experts in the field of corporate social responsibility of corporate management in multiple universities by e-mail and telephone and asked them to question the questionnaire. Make assessments and modifications. At the same time, the author participated in relevant academic discussions on green building energy consumption management and revised and adjusted the measurement items based on these opinions and suggestions. Fourth, preinvestigation. Before conducting the preliminary survey, ask five experts and scholars in the field to evaluate and modify the questionnaire, adjust and modify the measurement items appropriately according to the situation in China, and then distribute the questionnaire to 50 senior executives of the construction enterprises in the economic park. Conduct research with 100 frontline staff.


### 3.2. Experimental Research on Energy Consumption Management System

The energy-saving design of the electrical part of the EMS energy consumption management system can adopt different schemes, starting from multiple aspects, multiple levels, and multiple perspectives, to achieve the goal of open source and throttling. Different buildings should adopt an electrical design that matches the function and characteristics of the building and balances energy-saving effects and investment budget. Designers should grasp the overall needs of builders and make reasonable designs in accordance with green building standards and energy conservation and emission reduction goals.


#### 3.2.1. Power Supply and Distribution System Planning

The low-voltage voltage level in the building is 380/220 V, and the high-voltage side voltage levels are 6 kV, 10 kV, and 35 kV, in the form of overhead lines or cable entry. Because the loss of the transmission line is proportional to the current density and transmission distance and inversely proportional to the transmission voltage and power factor, reducing the current density or increasing the transmission voltage will increase the investment cost of the transmission equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to seek a technically and economically reasonable voltage level.


#### 3.2.2. Green Building Load Estimation

Peak electricity consumption occurs in summer and winter in China. For industrial and commercial buildings, peak power consumption will cause overloaded operation of lines and transformers, thereby reducing the reliable operation of the power grid and impairing the operation of equipment. At the same time, if the long-term operation is in a state where the peak-valley gap is large, it will result in the long-term noneconomic operation of the transformer, which is very unfavorable for energy-saving operation. Therefore, in a green building, it is necessary to manage and intervene in the internal load of the building and determine the time period of peak load and trough by monitoring the load statistics of the equipment. The load estimation of the project can provide a basis for the selection of distribution transformers, the economic and safe operation of the distribution system, and the selection of wires and cables. If the load estimation value is too small, the equipment and cables selected based on this may be overloaded, which causes the equipment cable to heat up, generating unnecessary energy consumption and affecting the service life of the equipment; if the load estimation is too large, it will cause waste of equipment investment. In green building load estimation, the following three estimation methods are generally used: First, the coefficient method is needed: the ratio of the actual power consumption of electrical equipment to the rated power of the equipment is the coefficient of need. This value is usually a statistical value. The rated power multiplied by the required coefficient can be regarded as the calculated load of the equipment. Second, the use of the coefficient method: based on the utilization coefficient, the average power in the maximum load platform shift is obtained, and the number of effective electrical equipment in the power supply area. Use the coefficient to find the maximum coefficient and then multiply it by the average power to calculate the load; third, the power method per unit area: the area of the load calculation area is multiplied by the load density of the power supply area. The load density of various civil and industrial buildings can be found in the related tables. However, when applied to green buildings, these load densities will be too large. Since green buildings are not yet popular, the sample of load density is not large enough, so the power per unit area method is not recommended. This experiment uses the coefficient method to calculate the load.


#### 3.2.3. EMS Energy Consumption Management Software System

The interface system of the software adopts B/S architecture, and users can access browsing data through browser software such as IE and Firefox. By visiting the website, users can monitor building energy consumption data at any time. Different users can access different building areas, format types, and energy consumption data by using accounts with different permissions. The software system functions include energy consumption analysis, energy consumption comparison, indicators and parameters, power distribution monitoring, report printing, and energy-saving diagnosis. After the user accesses the web server through a browser and enters the correct user name and password, the system will navigate to the corresponding function page according to the user’s authority and display the data within the user’s authority. Different users have different access rights. The data authority system can configure and adjust in the background, for different users can also set different device system permissions and format permissions. Through the energy management system software to monitor the entire building and building lines, analyze the building electricity load, analyze the building electricity report and energy consumption, analyze the energy consumption data in-depth, conduct energy-saving analysis, and finally perform user analysis to evaluate energy. Use effect of consumption management system.


## 3.1. Questionnaire Survey Method

### 3.1.1. Theoretical Basis

A questionnaire survey is the most common research method in the field of management. It is in the form of a questionnaire to allow respondents to fill in the questions and respond to the actual situation and real ideas. According to the research scope, research objects, research time, research funding, response rate, and other factors of the researchers, different forms of questionnaires are issued, such as field visits, e-mails, on-site unified organization, and answering, etc. This article uses the questionnaire survey method, mainly because it has the following advantages: First, the cost of questionnaire survey is low, especially the popularity and convenience of online tools, so that the use of online questionnaire survey tools, e-mail, and other forms is more efficient, saving time, manpower, and material resources. Electronic questionnaires save paper, are more environmentally friendly, shorten the time of the entire questionnaire survey process, and improve the overall efficiency of empirical research. Second, by answering the questionnaire anonymously, the surveyed can express their wishes faithfully according to the real situation of the enterprise and avoid the interference of other external factors, making the survey results more reliable. Third, the questionnaire survey is time-sensitive. After the questionnaire is recovered, the survey results can be quantitatively analyzed in time, and the data analysis can be performed through various statistical software to obtain more accurate data hypothesis results.


### 3.1.2. Questionnaire Design

The questionnaire mainly includes the following three parts: First, the purpose of the investigation. Before filling in the questionnaire formally, the research should explain the objectives, significance, precautions, and confidentiality measures of the survey in detail. Since the content of the questionnaire involves corporate environmental protection behavior, special emphasis should be placed on protecting the rights and interests of those who answer the questionnaire. The results of this survey are only used for academic research, not for any commercial purposes, and are anonymous. Fill in; Second, corporate characteristics and personal characteristics. The characteristics of the enterprise include the nature, size, industry category, and years of the enterprise, and the personal characteristics include gender, education, age, and working years. Third, measure various variables in the theoretical framework. It mainly includes five aspects: enterprise sustainable development strategy, green building, sustainable competitive advantage, stakeholders’ environmental pressure, and understanding of energy consumption management system. Based on previous research and suggestions from multiple management experts and scholars, this article follows the following process and steps to design the questionnaire: First, based on the existing literature at home and abroad, the study fully draws on multiple empirical tests and has high reliability. According to the connotation of variables, theoretical basis, and applicable situation, the scale of validity is designed to match the measurement scale most suitable for this study. Second, in-depth interviews with companies. Before the initial questionnaire was generated, we selected some companies to conduct in-depth interviews to understand the regulatory system and actual implementation of the company’s environmental strategy and green innovation, listen to the suggestions of multiple entrepreneurs and executives, and ensure that the questionnaire is more in line with the presentation—the context of Chinese organizations. Third, listen to expert opinions and participate in academic seminars. On the basis of literature reading and in-depth interviews with enterprises, in order to increase the content validity of the questionnaire, the author consulted professors and experts in the field of corporate social responsibility of corporate management in multiple universities by e-mail and telephone and asked them to question the questionnaire. Make assessments and modifications. At the same time, the author participated in relevant academic discussions on green building energy consumption management and revised and adjusted the measurement items based on these opinions and suggestions. Fourth, preinvestigation. Before conducting the preliminary survey, ask five experts and scholars in the field to evaluate and modify the questionnaire, adjust and modify the measurement items appropriately according to the situation in China, and then distribute the questionnaire to 50 senior executives of the construction enterprises in the economic park. Conduct research with 100 frontline staff.


## 3.1.1. Theoretical Basis

A questionnaire survey is the most common research method in the field of management. It is in the form of a questionnaire to allow respondents to fill in the questions and respond to the actual situation and real ideas. According to the research scope, research objects, research time, research funding, response rate, and other factors of the researchers, different forms of questionnaires are issued, such as field visits, e-mails, on-site unified organization, and answering, etc. This article uses the questionnaire survey method, mainly because it has the following advantages: First, the cost of questionnaire survey is low, especially the popularity and convenience of online tools, so that the use of online questionnaire survey tools, e-mail, and other forms is more efficient, saving time, manpower, and material resources. Electronic questionnaires save paper, are more environmentally friendly, shorten the time of the entire questionnaire survey process, and improve the overall efficiency of empirical research. Second, by answering the questionnaire anonymously, the surveyed can express their wishes faithfully according to the real situation of the enterprise and avoid the interference of other external factors, making the survey results more reliable. Third, the questionnaire survey is time-sensitive. After the questionnaire is recovered, the survey results can be quantitatively analyzed in time, and the data analysis can be performed through various statistical software to obtain more accurate data hypothesis results.


## 3.1.2. Questionnaire Design

The questionnaire mainly includes the following three parts: First, the purpose of the investigation. Before filling in the questionnaire formally, the research should explain the objectives, significance, precautions, and confidentiality measures of the survey in detail. Since the content of the questionnaire involves corporate environmental protection behavior, special emphasis should be placed on protecting the rights and interests of those who answer the questionnaire. The results of this survey are only used for academic research, not for any commercial purposes, and are anonymous. Fill in; Second, corporate characteristics and personal characteristics. The characteristics of the enterprise include the nature, size, industry category, and years of the enterprise, and the personal characteristics include gender, education, age, and working years. Third, measure various variables in the theoretical framework. It mainly includes five aspects: enterprise sustainable development strategy, green building, sustainable competitive advantage, stakeholders’ environmental pressure, and understanding of energy consumption management system. Based on previous research and suggestions from multiple management experts and scholars, this article follows the following process and steps to design the questionnaire: First, based on the existing literature at home and abroad, the study fully draws on multiple empirical tests and has high reliability. According to the connotation of variables, theoretical basis, and applicable situation, the scale of validity is designed to match the measurement scale most suitable for this study. Second, in-depth interviews with companies. Before the initial questionnaire was generated, we selected some companies to conduct in-depth interviews to understand the regulatory system and actual implementation of the company’s environmental strategy and green innovation, listen to the suggestions of multiple entrepreneurs and executives, and ensure that the questionnaire is more in line with the presentation—the context of Chinese organizations. Third, listen to expert opinions and participate in academic seminars. On the basis of literature reading and in-depth interviews with enterprises, in order to increase the content validity of the questionnaire, the author consulted professors and experts in the field of corporate social responsibility of corporate management in multiple universities by e-mail and telephone and asked them to question the questionnaire. Make assessments and modifications. At the same time, the author participated in relevant academic discussions on green building energy consumption management and revised and adjusted the measurement items based on these opinions and suggestions. Fourth, preinvestigation. Before conducting the preliminary survey, ask five experts and scholars in the field to evaluate and modify the questionnaire, adjust and modify the measurement items appropriately according to the situation in China, and then distribute the questionnaire to 50 senior executives of the construction enterprises in the economic park. Conduct research with 100 frontline staff.


## 3.2. Experimental Research on Energy Consumption Management System

The energy-saving design of the electrical part of the EMS energy consumption management system can adopt different schemes, starting from multiple aspects, multiple levels, and multiple perspectives, to achieve the goal of open source and throttling. Different buildings should adopt an electrical design that matches the function and characteristics of the building and balances energy-saving effects and investment budget. Designers should grasp the overall needs of builders and make reasonable designs in accordance with green building standards and energy conservation and emission reduction goals.


### 3.2.1. Power Supply and Distribution System Planning

The low-voltage voltage level in the building is 380/220 V, and the high-voltage side voltage levels are 6 kV, 10 kV, and 35 kV, in the form of overhead lines or cable entry. Because the loss of the transmission line is proportional to the current density and transmission distance and inversely proportional to the transmission voltage and power factor, reducing the current density or increasing the transmission voltage will increase the investment cost of the transmission equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to seek a technically and economically reasonable voltage level.


### 3.2.2. Green Building Load Estimation

Peak electricity consumption occurs in summer and winter in China. For industrial and commercial buildings, peak power consumption will cause overloaded operation of lines and transformers, thereby reducing the reliable operation of the power grid and impairing the operation of equipment. At the same time, if the long-term operation is in a state where the peak-valley gap is large, it will result in the long-term noneconomic operation of the transformer, which is very unfavorable for energy-saving operation. Therefore, in a green building, it is necessary to manage and intervene in the internal load of the building and determine the time period of peak load and trough by monitoring the load statistics of the equipment. The load estimation of the project can provide a basis for the selection of distribution transformers, the economic and safe operation of the distribution system, and the selection of wires and cables. If the load estimation value is too small, the equipment and cables selected based on this may be overloaded, which causes the equipment cable to heat up, generating unnecessary energy consumption and affecting the service life of the equipment; if the load estimation is too large, it will cause waste of equipment investment. In green building load estimation, the following three estimation methods are generally used: First, the coefficient method is needed: the ratio of the actual power consumption of electrical equipment to the rated power of the equipment is the coefficient of need. This value is usually a statistical value. The rated power multiplied by the required coefficient can be regarded as the calculated load of the equipment. Second, the use of the coefficient method: based on the utilization coefficient, the average power in the maximum load platform shift is obtained, and the number of effective electrical equipment in the power supply area. Use the coefficient to find the maximum coefficient and then multiply it by the average power to calculate the load; third, the power method per unit area: the area of the load calculation area is multiplied by the load density of the power supply area. The load density of various civil and industrial buildings can be found in the related tables. However, when applied to green buildings, these load densities will be too large. Since green buildings are not yet popular, the sample of load density is not large enough, so the power per unit area method is not recommended. This experiment uses the coefficient method to calculate the load.


### 3.2.3. EMS Energy Consumption Management Software System

The interface system of the software adopts B/S architecture, and users can access browsing data through browser software such as IE and Firefox. By visiting the website, users can monitor building energy consumption data at any time. Different users can access different building areas, format types, and energy consumption data by using accounts with different permissions. The software system functions include energy consumption analysis, energy consumption comparison, indicators and parameters, power distribution monitoring, report printing, and energy-saving diagnosis. After the user accesses the web server through a browser and enters the correct user name and password, the system will navigate to the corresponding function page according to the user’s authority and display the data within the user’s authority. Different users have different access rights. The data authority system can configure and adjust in the background, for different users can also set different device system permissions and format permissions. Through the energy management system software to monitor the entire building and building lines, analyze the building electricity load, analyze the building electricity report and energy consumption, analyze the energy consumption data in-depth, conduct energy-saving analysis, and finally perform user analysis to evaluate energy. Use effect of consumption management system.


## 3.2.1. Power Supply and Distribution System Planning

The low-voltage voltage level in the building is 380/220 V, and the high-voltage side voltage levels are 6 kV, 10 kV, and 35 kV, in the form of overhead lines or cable entry. Because the loss of the transmission line is proportional to the current density and transmission distance and inversely proportional to the transmission voltage and power factor, reducing the current density or increasing the transmission voltage will increase the investment cost of the transmission equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to seek a technically and economically reasonable voltage level.


## 3.2.2. Green Building Load Estimation

Peak electricity consumption occurs in summer and winter in China. For industrial and commercial buildings, peak power consumption will cause overloaded operation of lines and transformers, thereby reducing the reliable operation of the power grid and impairing the operation of equipment. At the same time, if the long-term operation is in a state where the peak-valley gap is large, it will result in the long-term noneconomic operation of the transformer, which is very unfavorable for energy-saving operation. Therefore, in a green building, it is necessary to manage and intervene in the internal load of the building and determine the time period of peak load and trough by monitoring the load statistics of the equipment. The load estimation of the project can provide a basis for the selection of distribution transformers, the economic and safe operation of the distribution system, and the selection of wires and cables. If the load estimation value is too small, the equipment and cables selected based on this may be overloaded, which causes the equipment cable to heat up, generating unnecessary energy consumption and affecting the service life of the equipment; if the load estimation is too large, it will cause waste of equipment investment. In green building load estimation, the following three estimation methods are generally used: First, the coefficient method is needed: the ratio of the actual power consumption of electrical equipment to the rated power of the equipment is the coefficient of need. This value is usually a statistical value. The rated power multiplied by the required coefficient can be regarded as the calculated load of the equipment. Second, the use of the coefficient method: based on the utilization coefficient, the average power in the maximum load platform shift is obtained, and the number of effective electrical equipment in the power supply area. Use the coefficient to find the maximum coefficient and then multiply it by the average power to calculate the load; third, the power method per unit area: the area of the load calculation area is multiplied by the load density of the power supply area. The load density of various civil and industrial buildings can be found in the related tables. However, when applied to green buildings, these load densities will be too large. Since green buildings are not yet popular, the sample of load density is not large enough, so the power per unit area method is not recommended. This experiment uses the coefficient method to calculate the load.


## 3.2.3. EMS Energy Consumption Management Software System

The interface system of the software adopts B/S architecture, and users can access browsing data through browser software such as IE and Firefox. By visiting the website, users can monitor building energy consumption data at any time. Different users can access different building areas, format types, and energy consumption data by using accounts with different permissions. The software system functions include energy consumption analysis, energy consumption comparison, indicators and parameters, power distribution monitoring, report printing, and energy-saving diagnosis. After the user accesses the web server through a browser and enters the correct user name and password, the system will navigate to the corresponding function page according to the user’s authority and display the data within the user’s authority. Different users have different access rights. The data authority system can configure and adjust in the background, for different users can also set different device system permissions and format permissions. Through the energy management system software to monitor the entire building and building lines, analyze the building electricity load, analyze the building electricity report and energy consumption, analyze the energy consumption data in-depth, conduct energy-saving analysis, and finally perform user analysis to evaluate energy. Use effect of consumption management system.


## 4. Discussion

### 4.1. Analysis of Questionnaire Survey Results

The questionnaire is shown in Table1:Table 1
Questionnaire about green building energy management system.
NumberDescriptionNot match<----->match 100%Corporate sustainable development strategyDo you think your company meets the sustainable development strategy1 2 3 4 5Green buildingDo you think your company is a green building1 2 3 4 5Sustainable competitive advantageWhat do you think of your company’s sustainable competitive advantage1 2 3 4 5Stakeholder environmental pressureDo you think the pressure of the enterprise mainly comes from the external environment or internal management1 2 3 4 5Knowledge of energy management systemHow well do you know the energy management system1 2 3 4 5It can be seen from Table1 that this questionnaire answers the question from the five aspects of enterprise sustainable development strategy, green building, sustainable competitive advantage, environmental pressure of stakeholders, and understanding of energy consumption management system. Overall view, options 1–5, respectively, indicate the degree of conformity of the options, 1 represents complete noncompliance or complete ignorance, and the degree of representation is deepened in turn, 5 represents complete compliance or complete understanding, of which the third stakeholder environmental pressure, from 1 to 5 means that the pressure comes from the outside, and the pressure comes from the inside.The results of the questionnaire survey are shown in Figures1 and 2.Figure 1
Survey results of 50 senior executives of enterprises.Figure 2
Results of the questionnaire survey of 100 frontline staff in the enterprise.As can be seen from Figure1, most of the senior executives of the company believe that their company is more in line with the company’s sustainable development strategy, green building, sustainable competitive advantage, and that the environmental pressure of stakeholders mainly comes from the external environment, The proportion of them all reached more than 80%, and in terms of understanding the energy management system, most of the personnel have a certain understanding of it, accounting for about 80%, and a few people who are proficient and completely ignorant, each accounting for 10%.As can be seen from Figure2, most of the frontline staff believe that the company is in line with the company’s sustainable development strategy, green building, and has a certain sustainable competitive advantage and that the environmental pressure of stakeholders mainly comes from internal management. It accounts for about 50%. In terms of understanding the energy management system, most people do not understand it or even do not understand it at all. The number of people who do not understand it is as high as 20%, while only 5% are proficient. From Figures 1 and 2, in a comprehensive view, the managers of the surveyed enterprises pay more attention to green building and energy consumption management, but the frontline staff of the company does not pay much attention to it. Consumption management is still lacking in understanding, and the focus of our next work should be on enhancing the sustainable development concept of the enterprise and saving energy and reducing consumption.


### 4.2. Analysis of Experimental Results of EMS Energy Consumption Management System

The relationship between the power supply system voltage level, power supply capacity, and power supply range is shown in Figures3 and 4.Figure 3
The relationship between voltage level, power supply capacity, and power supply distance under overhead line type.Figure 4
The relationship between voltage level, power supply capacity, and power supply distance under cable type.It can be seen from Figures3 and 4 that under the same incoming line type, the loss of the transmission line is proportional to the transmission distance and inversely proportional to the transmission voltage, and reducing the current density or increasing the transmission voltage will increase the power transmission equipment’s investment cost. Therefore, it is necessary to seek a technically and economically reasonable voltage level. Monitoring the feedback data through the energy consumption management system is helpful for enterprises to choose a reasonable circuit and incoming line type so as to achieve the purpose of saving electricity.See Table2 for the green building load calculation table.Table 2
Load calculation table.
Load nameElectricity load (kW)Need factor (ke)Power factorActive power (kW)Reactive power (kvar)Inspecting power (kVA)Illumination3.231.130.912.311.462.65Air conditioning system19.661.431.5412.9612.1016.60Weak current system9.011.271.395.134.526.71Subtotal33.250.64—19.3417.6723.11Multiplied by the coefficient—0.89—17.0414.8721.65After power factor compensation33.66—0.8817.127.9819.40It can be seen from Table2 that the installed capacity of the engineering equipment is 33.66 kW, the active load is 17.12 kW, the reactive power compensation capacity is 7.98 kvar, and the apparent power is 19.40 kVA. This data saves about 8% of power consumption compared with the conventional situation.From the comprehensive data analysis of Figures3 and 4 and Table 2, the overall analysis report of the EMS energy consumption management system can be obtained.(1)
Analysis of overall energy consumption of buildings. The EMS energy consumption management system detects the entire building and various power supply and distribution systems, detects the data running track, and performs real-time data analysis and energy consumption interpretation.(2)
Building power distribution information monitoring. The EMS energy consumption management system can enter the operation interface of the power supply route through the operating system, view the working status of the power supply system in real time, check the status of the corresponding circuit, and analyze the data.(3)
Analysis of building electricity load. The EMS energy consumption management system provides data support for managers and analyzes the building’s electricity load to understand the electricity load, which provides great convenience for the centralized management of the building.(4)
Building electricity consumption report and financial analysis of energy consumption. The report generation function of the EMS energy consumption management system and the financial analysis function of building electricity use the financial analysis of building electricity according to local characteristics and combine the characteristics of itemized energy consumption comparison to provide distribution management data for managers.(5)
In-depth analysis and energy-saving diagnosis of energy consumption data of building subprojects are mainly for daily energy-saving monitoring of equipment and provide suggestions for daily equipment management and system energy-saving renovation work.(6)
User energy consumption analysis. The EMS energy consumption management system can combine the actual situation of the entire project to rationally divide the use units, such as separate measurement and management of rental stores. According to the standardized management of the energy-saving analysis report of the EMS2000 energy consumption management system, energy savings of 8% to 10% can be achieved each year. If a major energy consumption loophole is found, the energy consumption of the building can also be greatly reduced. In addition, due to the comprehensive monitoring and professional maintenance guidance of the main equipment of the building, the service life will reach the expected effect.


## 4.1. Analysis of Questionnaire Survey Results

The questionnaire is shown in Table1:Table 1
Questionnaire about green building energy management system.
NumberDescriptionNot match<----->match 100%Corporate sustainable development strategyDo you think your company meets the sustainable development strategy1 2 3 4 5Green buildingDo you think your company is a green building1 2 3 4 5Sustainable competitive advantageWhat do you think of your company’s sustainable competitive advantage1 2 3 4 5Stakeholder environmental pressureDo you think the pressure of the enterprise mainly comes from the external environment or internal management1 2 3 4 5Knowledge of energy management systemHow well do you know the energy management system1 2 3 4 5It can be seen from Table1 that this questionnaire answers the question from the five aspects of enterprise sustainable development strategy, green building, sustainable competitive advantage, environmental pressure of stakeholders, and understanding of energy consumption management system. Overall view, options 1–5, respectively, indicate the degree of conformity of the options, 1 represents complete noncompliance or complete ignorance, and the degree of representation is deepened in turn, 5 represents complete compliance or complete understanding, of which the third stakeholder environmental pressure, from 1 to 5 means that the pressure comes from the outside, and the pressure comes from the inside.The results of the questionnaire survey are shown in Figures1 and 2.Figure 1
Survey results of 50 senior executives of enterprises.Figure 2
Results of the questionnaire survey of 100 frontline staff in the enterprise.As can be seen from Figure1, most of the senior executives of the company believe that their company is more in line with the company’s sustainable development strategy, green building, sustainable competitive advantage, and that the environmental pressure of stakeholders mainly comes from the external environment, The proportion of them all reached more than 80%, and in terms of understanding the energy management system, most of the personnel have a certain understanding of it, accounting for about 80%, and a few people who are proficient and completely ignorant, each accounting for 10%.As can be seen from Figure2, most of the frontline staff believe that the company is in line with the company’s sustainable development strategy, green building, and has a certain sustainable competitive advantage and that the environmental pressure of stakeholders mainly comes from internal management. It accounts for about 50%. In terms of understanding the energy management system, most people do not understand it or even do not understand it at all. The number of people who do not understand it is as high as 20%, while only 5% are proficient. From Figures 1 and 2, in a comprehensive view, the managers of the surveyed enterprises pay more attention to green building and energy consumption management, but the frontline staff of the company does not pay much attention to it. Consumption management is still lacking in understanding, and the focus of our next work should be on enhancing the sustainable development concept of the enterprise and saving energy and reducing consumption.


## 4.2. Analysis of Experimental Results of EMS Energy Consumption Management System

The relationship between the power supply system voltage level, power supply capacity, and power supply range is shown in Figures3 and 4.Figure 3
The relationship between voltage level, power supply capacity, and power supply distance under overhead line type.Figure 4
The relationship between voltage level, power supply capacity, and power supply distance under cable type.It can be seen from Figures3 and 4 that under the same incoming line type, the loss of the transmission line is proportional to the transmission distance and inversely proportional to the transmission voltage, and reducing the current density or increasing the transmission voltage will increase the power transmission equipment’s investment cost. Therefore, it is necessary to seek a technically and economically reasonable voltage level. Monitoring the feedback data through the energy consumption management system is helpful for enterprises to choose a reasonable circuit and incoming line type so as to achieve the purpose of saving electricity.See Table2 for the green building load calculation table.Table 2
Load calculation table.
Load nameElectricity load (kW)Need factor (ke)Power factorActive power (kW)Reactive power (kvar)Inspecting power (kVA)Illumination3.231.130.912.311.462.65Air conditioning system19.661.431.5412.9612.1016.60Weak current system9.011.271.395.134.526.71Subtotal33.250.64—19.3417.6723.11Multiplied by the coefficient—0.89—17.0414.8721.65After power factor compensation33.66—0.8817.127.9819.40It can be seen from Table2 that the installed capacity of the engineering equipment is 33.66 kW, the active load is 17.12 kW, the reactive power compensation capacity is 7.98 kvar, and the apparent power is 19.40 kVA. This data saves about 8% of power consumption compared with the conventional situation.From the comprehensive data analysis of Figures3 and 4 and Table 2, the overall analysis report of the EMS energy consumption management system can be obtained.(1)
Analysis of overall energy consumption of buildings. The EMS energy consumption management system detects the entire building and various power supply and distribution systems, detects the data running track, and performs real-time data analysis and energy consumption interpretation.(2)
Building power distribution information monitoring. The EMS energy consumption management system can enter the operation interface of the power supply route through the operating system, view the working status of the power supply system in real time, check the status of the corresponding circuit, and analyze the data.(3)
Analysis of building electricity load. The EMS energy consumption management system provides data support for managers and analyzes the building’s electricity load to understand the electricity load, which provides great convenience for the centralized management of the building.(4)
Building electricity consumption report and financial analysis of energy consumption. The report generation function of the EMS energy consumption management system and the financial analysis function of building electricity use the financial analysis of building electricity according to local characteristics and combine the characteristics of itemized energy consumption comparison to provide distribution management data for managers.(5)
In-depth analysis and energy-saving diagnosis of energy consumption data of building subprojects are mainly for daily energy-saving monitoring of equipment and provide suggestions for daily equipment management and system energy-saving renovation work.(6)
User energy consumption analysis. The EMS energy consumption management system can combine the actual situation of the entire project to rationally divide the use units, such as separate measurement and management of rental stores. According to the standardized management of the energy-saving analysis report of the EMS2000 energy consumption management system, energy savings of 8% to 10% can be achieved each year. If a major energy consumption loophole is found, the energy consumption of the building can also be greatly reduced. In addition, due to the comprehensive monitoring and professional maintenance guidance of the main equipment of the building, the service life will reach the expected effect.


## 5. Conclusions

With the increase of consumers’ awareness of environmental protection and energy conservation, consumers have gradually realized that a harmonious ecological environment and a healthy and efficient lifestyle are the most profound essence of architecture. Combined with the actual application of the energy consumption model, the energy-saving management effect of the energy-saving management system is analyzed. This article starts from the concept of corporate sustainable development and green building and uses a questionnaire survey method to understand the environmental protection concepts and awareness of my country’s construction companies. Through the application in practice, the use effect of the energy management system is explained, and conclusions are drawn. Compared with developed countries, my country’s green building started late, and the understanding of sustainable development, green ecological building, and environmental protection is not strong and deep. This requires our long-term efforts. Enhancing the environmental protection awareness of the enterprise, the energy consumption model analyzes the overall energy consumption of the enterprise through remote monitoring of the entire building and various low-voltage power distribution branches while monitoring the distribution information, analyzing the power load, and generating system report functions and building using electricity financial analysis, itemized energy consumption management, and energy-saving monitoring. Finally, the user analysis is summarized according to user usage. Through standardized management, an average annual energy saving of 8%–10% can be achieved. It is feasible to apply energy management systems to green buildings.



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*Source: 5360443-2021-09-06.xml*