# Performance of Ferroelectric Materials in the Construction of Smart Manufacturing for the New Infrastructure of Smart Cities

Authors: Minggui Zhou; Gongxing Yan
Journal: Advances in Materials Science and Engineering
 (2022)

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## Abstract

Smart city construction is the inevitable product of scientific development and transformation of life by building digital cities, building the Internet of Things, and making city management systems simple and intelligent through cloud computing. Smart city is a new generation information technology. Make full use of the advanced form of urban informatization based on the next generation innovation of knowledge society in all walks of life in the city. Cloud computing is a new network application concept. The core concept of cloud computing is to take the Internet as the center, and provide fast and secure cloud computing services and data storage on the website, so that everyone who uses the Internet can use the huge computing resources and data center on the network. The role of smart city engineering infrastructure is to build the infrastructure of this platform, so that smart cities can operate effectively, such as deformation test of ferroelectric materials, particle suitability analysis of ferroelectric materials, etc., This research is oriented to the intelligent manufacturing of new infrastructures in smart cities and analyzes the performance of ferroelectric materials in construction, aiming to better grasp the performance of ferroelectric materials and provide constructive suggestions for smart manufacturing in smart cities. The article first understands and states the related concepts, related construction requirements, development status and problems that need to be solved for smart city smart manufacturing by consulting relevant materials; then, it discusses the ferroelectric materials involved in the construction, analyzes the data of piezoelectric properties, etc., which will help to give more clear guidance on the process of tooling design; finally, the application link of ferroelectric materials is tested, and the deformation of ferroelectric materials and this premise are discussed on the problem of intelligent manufacturing efficiency and intelligent manufacturing efficiency. The experimental results show that the maximum value in the group of smart manufacturing benefits is 559.37; the maximum value between groups is 172.35. For efficiency of smart manufacturing, the maximum value between groups reaches 187.07; the maximum value in groups is 286.35. Whether it is a significant analysis of smart manufacturing benefits or smart manufacturing efficiency, the experimental results are quite impressive.


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## Body

## 1. Introduction

Knowledge management is the development direction of the manufacturing process emphasized at this stage, and it will continue for a long time [1]. Knowledge management is a new management thought and method emerging in the era of knowledge economy, which is an important content of enterprise management by integrating modern information technology, knowledge economy theory, enterprise management thought, and modern management idea. In recent years, manufacturing technology has evolved from automation, digitization, and networking to understanding. Smart production is generally completed by industry and academia, representing the development direction of manufacturing. Cognitive processing is a “virtual + physical” production process. People’s cognitive processing process is dominated by rational cognition, based on individual experience, and always accompanied by emotional and volitional activities. Human learning is regulated by people’s intentions, and these information processes cannot be replaced. The interaction between virtual network and physical production is an important part of cognitive production [2]. Internet-based “smart production”, big data, and smart production applications have faster and more accurate understanding, results and analysis and decision-making capabilities, which can better meet the needs of personalized products, and expand from narrow manufacturing to broad manufacturing and manufacturing units The level of intelligence is improving, and at the same time, the proportion of intelligence input in the total manufacturing investment is also increasing. The intelligent manufacturing network must carry out informatization construction for operation management and manufacturing business and build a bridge between its own information system and the information system of stakeholders [3].The long-term development law and development trajectory have caused the development of China’s manufacturing industry to have core problems such as lack of core competitiveness and rising production costs [4]. By bringing traditional cities into a new chapter of innovative smart cities, the new generation of information technologies such as the Internet of Things and cloud computing are closely linked to human life and accelerate their rapid development. The urbanization rate has been increasing year by year, which has brought the development of modern society into a gradual period dominated by technology and labor. Through the implementation of smart city construction projects, the site selection and operation of smart city construction will be realized. The smart city construction project management maturity model can provide a scientific and feasible management system for smart city construction project management. On the basis of cloud computing, intelligent integration technology is used to determine the storage, calculation, and analysis of big data, integrated intelligent technology is an integrated intelligent distributed technology composed of computer network, database, communication, sensors, robots, neural networks, etc., [5]. The concept of smart city is accepted by many foreign countries. They believe that the development of smart city is the eager to improve the standards of science and technology and is enthusiastic about the implementation of citizen science to meet the needs [6].The relationship between urban sustainability and infrastructure projects of the new smart city has been integrated, reflecting the progress and prosperity of the country. As the demand for smart technology continues to grow, many problems and challenges must be solved, including public management, private, and security. Kaluarachchi Y discussed the transition from gray, green, or smart islands to the use of nature-based solutions and smart technologies to help transform cities to achieve greater environmental and economic benefits. The concepts of gray, green, and smart infrastructure are introduced and requirements, benefits, and applications are studied. In addition, the advantages of using integrated smart, green, and nature-based solutions are also discussed [7]. Stakeholders are one of the main success factors of public-private partnerships (PPPs) in smart infrastructure projects. Selim and Elgohary used the concept of PPPs to study and analyze the role of stakeholders in smart infrastructure projects to reduce opposition and lead to invalidation [8]. Brundu et al. introduced a software infrastructure for the Internet of Things. The proposed platform achieves (near) real-time building energy profile interoperability and correlation with environmental data from sensors and building and grid models, aims to optimize energy use and consider its impact on creating comfort [9]. Smart grid systems are based on real-time services, where privacy and security are one of the main challenges. In order to meet these challenges and deal with security and privacy issues, Qureshi et al. proposed the Smart Grid Trust Evaluation Model (TEMSG) for the security data aggregation in smart grids and smart cities [10]. Rasool et al. proposed an optimized combination of ferroelectric material parameters in the gate stack to achieve transmission characteristics without hysteresis and lower subthreshold swing. According to the numerical values and experimental results given in the literature, the results are statistically significant. In addition, in the field of semiconductor manufacturing technology, various ferroelectric materials used in NC-FET gate components have achieved minimum subthreshold swing [11]. Dusthakar et al.’s current contribution involves the development of a laminate-based model that aims to study the behavior of single crystal and polycrystalline tetragonal ferroelectric materials. In its formula, the volume fractions of different ferroelectric variants are directly considered, and the model based on single crystal laminates is established by considering the average strain and polarization compatibility conditions. Assume appropriate thermodynamic Gibbs electrical energy and rate-dependent dissipation equations to capture the response of dissipative hysteresis materials [12]. Arif and Faraz demonstrated the potential of single-phase Yb2NiMnO6 as a multiferroic two-dimensional material. The ferroelectric/magnetic level coupling synthesized by solid-state reaction confirmed the high temperature density. Data bit storage material. The temperature-stabilized ferroelectricity and fine polarization recorded at room temperature and read at 200°C confirm high temperature intensive data storage. The actual large iron electrode polarization loop generated at ±400 kV/cm confirmed the saturation polarization [13]. Although these studies are related to the analysis of smart manufacturing and its materials in smart cities, these studies are not detailed enough for the research of ferroelectric materials, and the data is also relatively lacking. There is still a need for research on smart manufacturing in construction. Expand further explanation.This paper uses the forced entry method for regression. The purpose of applying this method is to verify whether all the independent variables can explain the dependent variables. In the process of regression analysis, the issue of multicollinearity should be considered. Multicollinearity is the linear relationship between independent variables; summarizes the practice, results and construction characteristics of smart construction, and analyzes the smart city construction on the basis of existing problems; avoids the risk of result deviation caused by the determination of weights in traditional evaluation methods, saves a lot of simulation calculation process, improves performance and makes the measurement results reach a certain degree of accuracy and precision; because the material products are subject to environmental and the dual effects of complex loads, so it is necessary for us to simulate the actual service conditions of the material and test its performance under actual service conditions; regarding the synchronization of force data and strain data collection, to ensure that the collected force data and strain data are always in corresponding relation.


## 2. Material and Theoretical Analysis of Smart Manufacturing in Smart City Construction

### 2.1. Ferroelectric Materials

Materials are the forerunner and foundation of the national economy, play an important role in the construction of the national economy and national security forces, and are essential to the development and progress of human society [14]. Among them, ferroelectric materials and piezoelectric materials, as well as basic materials for new electronic components, are widely used in promising high-tech industries such as marine research and imaging. For example, global electronic information and communication technology, vehicles and power, automatic control, air conditioning, etc., As early as World War II, electronics were used in the production of machines, and later they were widely used in the production of various machines. It is very similar to loop hysteresis, so people call it electric loop hysteresis, and the material with this loop is called ferroelectric, Loop hysteresis refers to ferromagnetic material (e.g.,: iron). In the process of magnetization and demagnetization, the magnetization of ferromagnetic materials depends not only on the external magnetic field strength, but also on the original magnetization [15]. Metal-based electrode materials have been extensively studied due to their advantages such as high strength, low cost, and good safety performance. However, the internal conductivity of such materials is low, resulting in poor sub-stability and rate performance. Ferroelectric equipment is a very important functional tool. Due to its unique ferroelectric capability, it is widely used in many fields such as electrical information and medicine. As shown in Figure 1, hysteresis is one of the physical characteristics of ferroelectric materials, and it is also one of the main requirements for judging ferroelectric materials. Material performance testing is a very important research topic [16]. Due to the limitations of test equipment and test methods, researchers have been unable to comprehensively evaluate the elastoplastic properties of materials, microscopic deformation and damage mechanisms, etc., which makes it impossible to predict the failure behavior of materials in actual service.Figure 1
Application of ferroelectric materials.Ferroelectric materials often exhibit richer physical properties in a multi-physics coupling environment, coupling refers to the phenomenon that two or more circuit elements or the input and output of an electric network closely cooperate and influence each other, and transmit energy from one side to the other through interaction, thus expanding their application fields. In the ferroelectric phase, a ferroelectric crystal is composed of many tiny regions with different spontaneous polarization directions, and the polarization directions of all the unit cells in each tiny region are the same, the ferroelectric phase is polarized but disordered below Curie temperature, and the ferroelectric phase can spontaneously polarize and change with the field strength [17]. The most basic function of the ferroelectric material testing device is to measure the basic curve of ferroelectric materials, such as the hysteresis loop, and calculate its ferroelectric parameters. In order to test the ferroelectric properties of materials, many experts and scholars at home and abroad have used commercial or self-made ferroelectric analyzers. The attraction to the magnet by Helmhertz coils in both horizontal and vertical directions can apply torsional load and bending load to the specimen, respectively [18]. The surface charges generated by the spontaneous polarization of ferroelectric materials will be shielded by free charges in the environment, which in turn leads to the experimentally measured force being less than the theoretical estimate of the unshielded state. Due to the simplicity of the point charge model, the surface potential distribution of the sample solved in this way cannot be completely consistent with the electric field distribution induced by the actual probe [19].


### 2.2. Smart City

The traditional manufacturing industry that only considers the mass production of unilateral information resources will be broken, and it will be accompanied by information interaction and integration among multiple industries. The rapid development of a new generation of information technology has played a role in the comprehensive integration and efficient layout of smart city construction and has ensured the real-time understanding of human-information interaction [20]. Realizing the creation of scientifically sustainable cities and the construction of modern smart cities have become the common demand and trend of urban development in all countries in the world. The construction of smart cities in the European Union often takes people’s livelihood factors such as knowledge sharing, energy saving and emission reduction, green and low carbon, and sustainable development as evaluation indicators. Information is presented to people in a very complicated way and in different ways. How to use existing technology to find valuable information and knowledge is also a problem facing current technological development. Create intelligent information and use it to provide intelligent response management for public services and resource allocation, provide wise decision-making frameworks and methods for public management and public services, and provide enterprises and individuals with a comprehensive and open-source software platform for information sources [21]. Smart city is an advanced stage of urban informatization and an important culture of urban renewal. However, the research and application of informatization and intelligent technology for projects has not yet reached the depth and benefits of key areas. The demand for smart city construction mainly comes from the reform of traditional models and the expectation of the development of a new generation of information technology. This demand pressure forms the traction of smart city reform. The role of the smart city project infrastructure is to build the infrastructure of this platform, so that smart cities can operate effectively, strengthen the construction of smart cities, further build the level of smart cities, comprehensively strengthen the city’s various facilities and equipment, and integrate the project as a whole divided into modules, it is conducive to the temporary opening and use of modules [22].


### 2.3. Smart Manufacturing

In the process of the rise, slow progress, and explosive development of intelligent manufacturing, different scholars have made different definitions of intelligent manufacturing based on the background at that time. One of the main reasons for the development of manufacturing informatization is that informatization can improve the competitiveness of the manufacturing industry [23]. The introduction of information technology and the use of smart devices have led to a massive increase in production data. In addition, the manufacturing process introduces a series of continuous energy characteristics, because energy always wants to disappear itself, but it cannot. Therefore, energy is bound to be in eternal movement, so the characteristic of energy is movement, that is, eternal movement, which suddenly increases the complexity of the manufacturing process problems. With the development of intelligent manufacturing, the production methods of manufacturing enterprises will tend to be highly integrated and flexible to meet the individual needs of customers. Process planning is the process of determining multiple levels at each decision point. When there are multiple components or devices, first select the most important function/application object [24]. In the new international manufacturing competition landscape, China’s manufacturing industry is accelerating the transformation to cognition, which requires the information system supporting the intelligent manufacturing network to have better functions and performance. Driven by various technology breakthroughs in clusters, the process of enterprise informatization has accelerated, and the scale and complexity of information systems have increased rapidly, and the complexity of its internal operating mechanism and external behavior characteristics has also increased. The intelligent manufacturing environment is complex and changeable. The smooth implementation of this manufacturing model strongly depends on the robustness of the information system that supports its operation, which is embodied in the ability to maintain the desired external behavior characteristics or structural characteristics at the macro level. Robustness means “robust and strong,” here, it is also the ability of the system to survive in abnormal and dangerous situations. The existing research habit of the robustness of information systems regards the information system as a technical system, and usually proposes technical solutions based on mechanistic theory and reduction theory to improve the local robustness of the system, ignoring the social factors in the system. The adoption of intelligent manufacturing mode needs to rely on high-level information construction. Nowadays, the information system lacks good robustness, and it is difficult to effectively support the dynamic integration of decentralized resources, which hinders the intelligent transformation of manufacturing [25].At present, for the production scheduling problem in intelligent manufacturing under the background of “Industry 4.0,” there are few related research literatures, Industry 4.0 is a division based on different stages of industrial development, and it is an era of using information technology to promote industrial transformation, that is, the era of intelligence [26]. With the development of intelligent manufacturing, new characteristics of manufacturing methods will appear, and the scheduling problems of production systems will become more complicated. In the entire intelligent manufacturing system, the intelligent processing workshop undertakes the task of product processing and manufacturing, which is the key point of intelligent manufacturing, and the production control center is the core of the entire intelligent processing workshop. Based on the production scheduling problem, we perform a simple calculation and analysis. As far as the decision variables are concerned, the formula is expressed as:(1)Wmax:W¯=minmaxwii=1,2,…,mmin1/n∑i=1mwi,minχw2:χw2=min1m−1∑i=1mw1−w¯2.Among them, w is the decision variable of the scheduling time of the intelligent workshop, andw¯ is the time average flow path. The production time is planned and expressed by the formula as:(2)minw:fi=min∑h=1n∑i=1m∑j=1nfijhwijh,ghi+fijh≤Gmini+t1−ijh•Gmax,fi−1=Gi−f∑i=jm−1ffi−1.ghi is the priority definition, fijh is the priority rule, f is the elastic fluctuation time, and the weight of the rule scheduling time is calculated as:(3)ki=wi−f−∑i=hmifi,h−1∑i=jnifi,h+1,w=2•fih+∑i=1n−1fij+W−Gi−∑i=1hfijfih.ki is the number of weights, mi is the initial state, it needs to dynamically match the common goals and plans between the participants, and it needs to overcome the heterogeneity of different organizational structures fij and organizational cultures fih.


## 2.1. Ferroelectric Materials

Materials are the forerunner and foundation of the national economy, play an important role in the construction of the national economy and national security forces, and are essential to the development and progress of human society [14]. Among them, ferroelectric materials and piezoelectric materials, as well as basic materials for new electronic components, are widely used in promising high-tech industries such as marine research and imaging. For example, global electronic information and communication technology, vehicles and power, automatic control, air conditioning, etc., As early as World War II, electronics were used in the production of machines, and later they were widely used in the production of various machines. It is very similar to loop hysteresis, so people call it electric loop hysteresis, and the material with this loop is called ferroelectric, Loop hysteresis refers to ferromagnetic material (e.g.,: iron). In the process of magnetization and demagnetization, the magnetization of ferromagnetic materials depends not only on the external magnetic field strength, but also on the original magnetization [15]. Metal-based electrode materials have been extensively studied due to their advantages such as high strength, low cost, and good safety performance. However, the internal conductivity of such materials is low, resulting in poor sub-stability and rate performance. Ferroelectric equipment is a very important functional tool. Due to its unique ferroelectric capability, it is widely used in many fields such as electrical information and medicine. As shown in Figure 1, hysteresis is one of the physical characteristics of ferroelectric materials, and it is also one of the main requirements for judging ferroelectric materials. Material performance testing is a very important research topic [16]. Due to the limitations of test equipment and test methods, researchers have been unable to comprehensively evaluate the elastoplastic properties of materials, microscopic deformation and damage mechanisms, etc., which makes it impossible to predict the failure behavior of materials in actual service.Figure 1
Application of ferroelectric materials.Ferroelectric materials often exhibit richer physical properties in a multi-physics coupling environment, coupling refers to the phenomenon that two or more circuit elements or the input and output of an electric network closely cooperate and influence each other, and transmit energy from one side to the other through interaction, thus expanding their application fields. In the ferroelectric phase, a ferroelectric crystal is composed of many tiny regions with different spontaneous polarization directions, and the polarization directions of all the unit cells in each tiny region are the same, the ferroelectric phase is polarized but disordered below Curie temperature, and the ferroelectric phase can spontaneously polarize and change with the field strength [17]. The most basic function of the ferroelectric material testing device is to measure the basic curve of ferroelectric materials, such as the hysteresis loop, and calculate its ferroelectric parameters. In order to test the ferroelectric properties of materials, many experts and scholars at home and abroad have used commercial or self-made ferroelectric analyzers. The attraction to the magnet by Helmhertz coils in both horizontal and vertical directions can apply torsional load and bending load to the specimen, respectively [18]. The surface charges generated by the spontaneous polarization of ferroelectric materials will be shielded by free charges in the environment, which in turn leads to the experimentally measured force being less than the theoretical estimate of the unshielded state. Due to the simplicity of the point charge model, the surface potential distribution of the sample solved in this way cannot be completely consistent with the electric field distribution induced by the actual probe [19].


## 2.2. Smart City

The traditional manufacturing industry that only considers the mass production of unilateral information resources will be broken, and it will be accompanied by information interaction and integration among multiple industries. The rapid development of a new generation of information technology has played a role in the comprehensive integration and efficient layout of smart city construction and has ensured the real-time understanding of human-information interaction [20]. Realizing the creation of scientifically sustainable cities and the construction of modern smart cities have become the common demand and trend of urban development in all countries in the world. The construction of smart cities in the European Union often takes people’s livelihood factors such as knowledge sharing, energy saving and emission reduction, green and low carbon, and sustainable development as evaluation indicators. Information is presented to people in a very complicated way and in different ways. How to use existing technology to find valuable information and knowledge is also a problem facing current technological development. Create intelligent information and use it to provide intelligent response management for public services and resource allocation, provide wise decision-making frameworks and methods for public management and public services, and provide enterprises and individuals with a comprehensive and open-source software platform for information sources [21]. Smart city is an advanced stage of urban informatization and an important culture of urban renewal. However, the research and application of informatization and intelligent technology for projects has not yet reached the depth and benefits of key areas. The demand for smart city construction mainly comes from the reform of traditional models and the expectation of the development of a new generation of information technology. This demand pressure forms the traction of smart city reform. The role of the smart city project infrastructure is to build the infrastructure of this platform, so that smart cities can operate effectively, strengthen the construction of smart cities, further build the level of smart cities, comprehensively strengthen the city’s various facilities and equipment, and integrate the project as a whole divided into modules, it is conducive to the temporary opening and use of modules [22].


## 2.3. Smart Manufacturing

In the process of the rise, slow progress, and explosive development of intelligent manufacturing, different scholars have made different definitions of intelligent manufacturing based on the background at that time. One of the main reasons for the development of manufacturing informatization is that informatization can improve the competitiveness of the manufacturing industry [23]. The introduction of information technology and the use of smart devices have led to a massive increase in production data. In addition, the manufacturing process introduces a series of continuous energy characteristics, because energy always wants to disappear itself, but it cannot. Therefore, energy is bound to be in eternal movement, so the characteristic of energy is movement, that is, eternal movement, which suddenly increases the complexity of the manufacturing process problems. With the development of intelligent manufacturing, the production methods of manufacturing enterprises will tend to be highly integrated and flexible to meet the individual needs of customers. Process planning is the process of determining multiple levels at each decision point. When there are multiple components or devices, first select the most important function/application object [24]. In the new international manufacturing competition landscape, China’s manufacturing industry is accelerating the transformation to cognition, which requires the information system supporting the intelligent manufacturing network to have better functions and performance. Driven by various technology breakthroughs in clusters, the process of enterprise informatization has accelerated, and the scale and complexity of information systems have increased rapidly, and the complexity of its internal operating mechanism and external behavior characteristics has also increased. The intelligent manufacturing environment is complex and changeable. The smooth implementation of this manufacturing model strongly depends on the robustness of the information system that supports its operation, which is embodied in the ability to maintain the desired external behavior characteristics or structural characteristics at the macro level. Robustness means “robust and strong,” here, it is also the ability of the system to survive in abnormal and dangerous situations. The existing research habit of the robustness of information systems regards the information system as a technical system, and usually proposes technical solutions based on mechanistic theory and reduction theory to improve the local robustness of the system, ignoring the social factors in the system. The adoption of intelligent manufacturing mode needs to rely on high-level information construction. Nowadays, the information system lacks good robustness, and it is difficult to effectively support the dynamic integration of decentralized resources, which hinders the intelligent transformation of manufacturing [25].At present, for the production scheduling problem in intelligent manufacturing under the background of “Industry 4.0,” there are few related research literatures, Industry 4.0 is a division based on different stages of industrial development, and it is an era of using information technology to promote industrial transformation, that is, the era of intelligence [26]. With the development of intelligent manufacturing, new characteristics of manufacturing methods will appear, and the scheduling problems of production systems will become more complicated. In the entire intelligent manufacturing system, the intelligent processing workshop undertakes the task of product processing and manufacturing, which is the key point of intelligent manufacturing, and the production control center is the core of the entire intelligent processing workshop. Based on the production scheduling problem, we perform a simple calculation and analysis. As far as the decision variables are concerned, the formula is expressed as:(1)Wmax:W¯=minmaxwii=1,2,…,mmin1/n∑i=1mwi,minχw2:χw2=min1m−1∑i=1mw1−w¯2.Among them, w is the decision variable of the scheduling time of the intelligent workshop, andw¯ is the time average flow path. The production time is planned and expressed by the formula as:(2)minw:fi=min∑h=1n∑i=1m∑j=1nfijhwijh,ghi+fijh≤Gmini+t1−ijh•Gmax,fi−1=Gi−f∑i=jm−1ffi−1.ghi is the priority definition, fijh is the priority rule, f is the elastic fluctuation time, and the weight of the rule scheduling time is calculated as:(3)ki=wi−f−∑i=hmifi,h−1∑i=jnifi,h+1,w=2•fih+∑i=1n−1fij+W−Gi−∑i=1hfijfih.ki is the number of weights, mi is the initial state, it needs to dynamically match the common goals and plans between the participants, and it needs to overcome the heterogeneity of different organizational structures fij and organizational cultures fih.


## 3. Application of Ferroelectric Materials in Smart Manufacturing

### 3.1. Smart Manufacturing in Smart Cities

The progress of city construction at different levels of development is different. Some cities may be built in just a few years, while some cities may be built for ten years or even longer. In fact, smart cities have made great progress in technology; conveniently and quickly enjoy complete medical resources, data systems, and social security cards in different regions; in-depth study of key technologies in three areas: the establishment of urban data center cloud computing sources, urban visualization network architecture and intermediate design, urban data and with related applications, smart city construction projects can ensure that the organization strictly follows the specified goals and achieves the best adjustment of project resources. The concept of smart city is closely related to city construction. We can use the connection index to highlight this point, as shown in Figure2.Figure 2
Conceptual characteristics of smart city construction.Intelligent information processing and utilization provide intelligent response management for public services and resource allocation, and also provide wise decision-making frameworks and methods for public management and public services. As an important part of urban construction, urban informatization and intelligent planning are extensive, lacking a feasible and powerful mechanism, and it is difficult to ensure the standardization of the evaluation system. In many places and many industries, there are different degrees of confusion and slack. Using the project management maturity model as a benchmark, determine the level of management capability and clarify how to further improve. Table1 shows the management maturity grade scores of smart city construction projects. The construction of the intelligent production line presents the automated production process very intuitively. Intelligent manufacturing should include wisdom manufacturing technology and intelligent manufacturing system, wisdom. The manufacturing system can not only enrich the knowledge base constantly in practice, but also has the function of self-learning, as well as the ability to collect and understand environmental information and its own information, analyze and judge and plan its own behavior. The integration stage does not stop during the development process, and the promotion and application activities need to be strengthened.Table 1
Smart city construction project management.
Grade nameScore rangeStandard grade0 ≤A < 0.2System level0.2 ≤A< 0.45Integration level0.45 ≤A< 0.7Continuous improvement level0.7 ≤A < 1Traditional information system research usually adopts integration methods to maximize unit interaction intensity, but because tightly coupled integration makes units lose independence, integration methods are not always conducive to system robustness, pay attention to real-time data of each link in the production process, and respond in time. The alarm of the faulty site ensures that the service tracker quickly finds the problem, reports and updates in time, and ensures safe and efficient production. This system is very suitable for non-volatile ID access memory and high temperature sensor applications. Connect to the data server and submit the request to the database. After the data server receives the request, it confirms the declaration and runs the data. This is the basic composition of the intelligent manufacturing structure system, as shown in Figure3.Figure 3
Intelligent manufacturing structure system.The main purpose of the smart city is to understand the information management of the city, and the building is an important part of the city, and the information management of the building will be the focus of the information management of the smart city. Researching and compiling data collection methods is a basic task in the construction and management of smart cities. The smart home distribution platform is also a smart city. To achieve the complete integration of smart home and smart city, it must be realized through the Internet of Things technology. In the process of transition from a digital city to a smart city, the most obvious feature is the Internet of Things. The Internet of Things relies on sensors and other smart technologies to add objects to achieve smart connections between objects. Smart city construction is different from digital city construction. As a smart city information system, it should have powerful and efficient computing capabilities, massive data storage and management capabilities, perception capabilities, and powerful data application capabilities. Investigate from the three aspects of material, design, and application, as shown in Figure4.Figure 4
Characteristics of smart manufacturing in smart cities.Intelligent manufacturing is an effective path to realize the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry worldwide. The key to the realization of the intelligent transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry lies in exploring the factors that affect the transformation and upgrading of intelligence. The impact of the dynamic development and evolution of intelligent manufacturing capabilities on manufacturing enterprises is reflected in the ability to continue to enhance their competitiveness. Creative understanding is one of the latest development stages of advanced manufacturing technology. Intelligent production system is an information system of raw materials, production capacity, and open-source information. Based on digital workshops and smart factories and the application of the abovementioned smart equipment in the production process, real-time monitoring and updating of location information, analog and digital control, and production process optimization are considered. The performance of various smart devices in the smart manufacturing system and the normal operation of the cognitive system play an important role. According to different needs, the cognitive processing system is abstracted from different groups to form a unique model method. Perform side analysis on the characteristics of the modeling method, as shown in Figure5.Figure 5
Modeling method measurement.The easiest and the most frequently used method to study the ferroelectric properties of materials is to study the polarization intensity and the electric hysteresis loop of the electric field. All kinds of statistical analysis, decision-making, and forecasting of data are based on accurate data. The production structure is the basic feature that describes the production information of a department. Equipment extraction technology is to identify manufacturing components by defining production components, and then to identify the design components as production components. The completeness of the data link can measure the interconnection and interoperability within the entire intelligent manufacturing system. The intelligent interaction between equipment is embodied in connecting equipment systems through intelligent technology, recording and mastering the data information generated by production activities through equipment interconnection, and efficiently and accurately controlling the operation of production activities.


### 3.2. Application of Ferroelectric Materials in Construction

Ferromagnetism and ferroelectricity appear in the same material making multiferroic materials have great application potential in logic and data storage. Different piezoelectric materials have their own characteristics and applications. Single crystal materials have excellent electric charge and high performance, and piezoelectric ceramic materials are easy to process and prepare. Specific heat is the most important basic thermodynamic property of matter, and it is a characteristic data closely related to the structure and energy of matter. The results of the degeneration analysis of the construction profile of the ferroelectric material are shown in Figure6. Rapid design was proposed on the basis of the widespread adoption of concurrent engineering technology in the 1990s. Traditional tooling design and manufacturing methods are difficult to meet the rapid, and standardized design and manufacturing requirements put forward by the market. The development of the construction management system is based on an in-depth analysis of the current situation of construction management in the construction industry at home and abroad, and aims to reduce the waste of manpower and material resources in construction management and improve efficiency. The modern construction management system uses advanced technology management to realize the automation integration of the real-world environment in all construction technology management to achieve system integration. Operators perform services, and only users with predefined work permissions in the software system can perform related business functions.Figure 6
Deformation of ferroelectric materials.The convergence speed of the large-deformation finite element simulation model of anisotropic materials is slow. The main reason is that the force direction of the nodal fibers is not constant during the deformation of the component. The temperature change of a substance is often closely related to the change of the microstructure and macroscopic properties. Through thermal analysis, accurate thermodynamic data can be directly obtained in the chemical reaction or physical process related to the substance. Observe occasional polarization by measuring the flow rate in a closed loop. One small type of thermoelectric crystal is ferroelectric, whose spontaneous polarization changes its direction with the action of light. Most of the ferroelectric applications have a phase transition temperature from a high paraelectric temperature to a low ferroelectric temperature. Temperature control is very important for the performance of the material. The preparation method mainly affects the microstructure of the material. The high temperature treatment changes the microstructure of the material to a certain extent. The results of the investigation on the fitness of ferroelectric particles are shown in Table2.Table 2
Particle fitness of ferroelectric materials.
IndividualAdaptabilityProbability of choiceCumulative probabilityA2.310.1720.172B1.770.1580.281C1.820.1240.504D1.590.0910.613E1.310.0990.789F0.980.760.915G0.322.011.03Because the crystal structure design limits its piezoelectric activity, a crystal with asymmetric center cannot be piezoelectric. It is generally believed that the spontaneous polarization of ferroelectrics decreases with increasing temperature, and the ferroelectricity disappears at a certain temperature, that is, the spontaneous polarization becomes zero. Through the reduction of electrolysis energy and the balance of local wall energy, the size and quantity of settlement are coordinated, and finally, the internal ferroelectric stability is minimized. With the development of micro/nano piezoelectric devices, on the one hand, we need to customize the precise size of the piezoelectric response area of the materials. On the other hand, we also need a powerful method to determine the orientation. Negative domain and negative domain dynamics research not only can obtain local structural information efficiently, but also can manipulate the specific way of the metal area in a targeted manner, and can study related functional changes, analyze the relationship between different forces and molecular displacement, and the data is shown in Figure7.Figure 7
Force measurement point and displacement.Like process knowledge and human experience, it helps process models understand strategic decisions, improves the efficiency and accuracy of decision-making, and obtains more realistic process thinking. It is the production information of the segment that determines the craft. Inductors are indispensable and important components in many electronic circuits. The same as the change of inductance value with voltage, the change of inductance also shows the shape of loop with the cycle of voltage. The law that the inductance value decreases due to the magnetic field can still be observed, and the inductance value also increases when the magnetization state of the material gradually becomes stronger. The development of science and technology has also promoted precision and ultra-precision processing technology, which is based on measurement technology. Multiferroic materials have excellent physical properties and are magneto electric functional materials that have developed rapidly recently. The purpose of studying multiferroic materials is to use them to prepare new multifunctional devices to meet human needs. For example, ferroelectric ceramics are composed of many crystal grains. Although individual crystal grains are anisotropic, ceramics are macroscopically isotropic due to the random design and orientation of the crystal grains. Relevant data is shown in Figure8.Figure 8
Smart manufacturing benefits and smart manufacturing efficiency.The maximum value within the group of smart manufacturing benefit is 559.37; the maximum value between groups is 172.35. For the efficiency problem of smart manufacturing, the maximum value between groups reaches 187.07; the maximum value within the group is 286.35. Whether it is a significant analysis of smart manufacturing benefits or smart manufacturing efficiency, the experimental results are quite impressive. The domestic ferroelectric material production industry has long been quite large and has achieved certain results. Many mainframe manufacturers have successively constructed complete production lines, optimized and adjusted supporting production processes and facilities. Most of the material itself shrinks under the action of chemical reaction, and coupled with the difference in the thermal expansion coefficient of the component material and the tooling material, the final molded shape of the component will have a certain deviation from the theoretical design shape, so the tooling is directly determined. The actual forming effect of ferroelectric material parts is described. In the process of ferroelectric material component tooling design, there is a lot of repetitive design work, and the standardization requirements that are difficult to achieve by traditional design methods have made the development of a dedicated ferroelectric material tooling rapid design system become a very urgent need.


## 3.1. Smart Manufacturing in Smart Cities

The progress of city construction at different levels of development is different. Some cities may be built in just a few years, while some cities may be built for ten years or even longer. In fact, smart cities have made great progress in technology; conveniently and quickly enjoy complete medical resources, data systems, and social security cards in different regions; in-depth study of key technologies in three areas: the establishment of urban data center cloud computing sources, urban visualization network architecture and intermediate design, urban data and with related applications, smart city construction projects can ensure that the organization strictly follows the specified goals and achieves the best adjustment of project resources. The concept of smart city is closely related to city construction. We can use the connection index to highlight this point, as shown in Figure2.Figure 2
Conceptual characteristics of smart city construction.Intelligent information processing and utilization provide intelligent response management for public services and resource allocation, and also provide wise decision-making frameworks and methods for public management and public services. As an important part of urban construction, urban informatization and intelligent planning are extensive, lacking a feasible and powerful mechanism, and it is difficult to ensure the standardization of the evaluation system. In many places and many industries, there are different degrees of confusion and slack. Using the project management maturity model as a benchmark, determine the level of management capability and clarify how to further improve. Table1 shows the management maturity grade scores of smart city construction projects. The construction of the intelligent production line presents the automated production process very intuitively. Intelligent manufacturing should include wisdom manufacturing technology and intelligent manufacturing system, wisdom. The manufacturing system can not only enrich the knowledge base constantly in practice, but also has the function of self-learning, as well as the ability to collect and understand environmental information and its own information, analyze and judge and plan its own behavior. The integration stage does not stop during the development process, and the promotion and application activities need to be strengthened.Table 1
Smart city construction project management.
Grade nameScore rangeStandard grade0 ≤A < 0.2System level0.2 ≤A< 0.45Integration level0.45 ≤A< 0.7Continuous improvement level0.7 ≤A < 1Traditional information system research usually adopts integration methods to maximize unit interaction intensity, but because tightly coupled integration makes units lose independence, integration methods are not always conducive to system robustness, pay attention to real-time data of each link in the production process, and respond in time. The alarm of the faulty site ensures that the service tracker quickly finds the problem, reports and updates in time, and ensures safe and efficient production. This system is very suitable for non-volatile ID access memory and high temperature sensor applications. Connect to the data server and submit the request to the database. After the data server receives the request, it confirms the declaration and runs the data. This is the basic composition of the intelligent manufacturing structure system, as shown in Figure3.Figure 3
Intelligent manufacturing structure system.The main purpose of the smart city is to understand the information management of the city, and the building is an important part of the city, and the information management of the building will be the focus of the information management of the smart city. Researching and compiling data collection methods is a basic task in the construction and management of smart cities. The smart home distribution platform is also a smart city. To achieve the complete integration of smart home and smart city, it must be realized through the Internet of Things technology. In the process of transition from a digital city to a smart city, the most obvious feature is the Internet of Things. The Internet of Things relies on sensors and other smart technologies to add objects to achieve smart connections between objects. Smart city construction is different from digital city construction. As a smart city information system, it should have powerful and efficient computing capabilities, massive data storage and management capabilities, perception capabilities, and powerful data application capabilities. Investigate from the three aspects of material, design, and application, as shown in Figure4.Figure 4
Characteristics of smart manufacturing in smart cities.Intelligent manufacturing is an effective path to realize the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry worldwide. The key to the realization of the intelligent transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry lies in exploring the factors that affect the transformation and upgrading of intelligence. The impact of the dynamic development and evolution of intelligent manufacturing capabilities on manufacturing enterprises is reflected in the ability to continue to enhance their competitiveness. Creative understanding is one of the latest development stages of advanced manufacturing technology. Intelligent production system is an information system of raw materials, production capacity, and open-source information. Based on digital workshops and smart factories and the application of the abovementioned smart equipment in the production process, real-time monitoring and updating of location information, analog and digital control, and production process optimization are considered. The performance of various smart devices in the smart manufacturing system and the normal operation of the cognitive system play an important role. According to different needs, the cognitive processing system is abstracted from different groups to form a unique model method. Perform side analysis on the characteristics of the modeling method, as shown in Figure5.Figure 5
Modeling method measurement.The easiest and the most frequently used method to study the ferroelectric properties of materials is to study the polarization intensity and the electric hysteresis loop of the electric field. All kinds of statistical analysis, decision-making, and forecasting of data are based on accurate data. The production structure is the basic feature that describes the production information of a department. Equipment extraction technology is to identify manufacturing components by defining production components, and then to identify the design components as production components. The completeness of the data link can measure the interconnection and interoperability within the entire intelligent manufacturing system. The intelligent interaction between equipment is embodied in connecting equipment systems through intelligent technology, recording and mastering the data information generated by production activities through equipment interconnection, and efficiently and accurately controlling the operation of production activities.


## 3.2. Application of Ferroelectric Materials in Construction

Ferromagnetism and ferroelectricity appear in the same material making multiferroic materials have great application potential in logic and data storage. Different piezoelectric materials have their own characteristics and applications. Single crystal materials have excellent electric charge and high performance, and piezoelectric ceramic materials are easy to process and prepare. Specific heat is the most important basic thermodynamic property of matter, and it is a characteristic data closely related to the structure and energy of matter. The results of the degeneration analysis of the construction profile of the ferroelectric material are shown in Figure6. Rapid design was proposed on the basis of the widespread adoption of concurrent engineering technology in the 1990s. Traditional tooling design and manufacturing methods are difficult to meet the rapid, and standardized design and manufacturing requirements put forward by the market. The development of the construction management system is based on an in-depth analysis of the current situation of construction management in the construction industry at home and abroad, and aims to reduce the waste of manpower and material resources in construction management and improve efficiency. The modern construction management system uses advanced technology management to realize the automation integration of the real-world environment in all construction technology management to achieve system integration. Operators perform services, and only users with predefined work permissions in the software system can perform related business functions.Figure 6
Deformation of ferroelectric materials.The convergence speed of the large-deformation finite element simulation model of anisotropic materials is slow. The main reason is that the force direction of the nodal fibers is not constant during the deformation of the component. The temperature change of a substance is often closely related to the change of the microstructure and macroscopic properties. Through thermal analysis, accurate thermodynamic data can be directly obtained in the chemical reaction or physical process related to the substance. Observe occasional polarization by measuring the flow rate in a closed loop. One small type of thermoelectric crystal is ferroelectric, whose spontaneous polarization changes its direction with the action of light. Most of the ferroelectric applications have a phase transition temperature from a high paraelectric temperature to a low ferroelectric temperature. Temperature control is very important for the performance of the material. The preparation method mainly affects the microstructure of the material. The high temperature treatment changes the microstructure of the material to a certain extent. The results of the investigation on the fitness of ferroelectric particles are shown in Table2.Table 2
Particle fitness of ferroelectric materials.
IndividualAdaptabilityProbability of choiceCumulative probabilityA2.310.1720.172B1.770.1580.281C1.820.1240.504D1.590.0910.613E1.310.0990.789F0.980.760.915G0.322.011.03Because the crystal structure design limits its piezoelectric activity, a crystal with asymmetric center cannot be piezoelectric. It is generally believed that the spontaneous polarization of ferroelectrics decreases with increasing temperature, and the ferroelectricity disappears at a certain temperature, that is, the spontaneous polarization becomes zero. Through the reduction of electrolysis energy and the balance of local wall energy, the size and quantity of settlement are coordinated, and finally, the internal ferroelectric stability is minimized. With the development of micro/nano piezoelectric devices, on the one hand, we need to customize the precise size of the piezoelectric response area of the materials. On the other hand, we also need a powerful method to determine the orientation. Negative domain and negative domain dynamics research not only can obtain local structural information efficiently, but also can manipulate the specific way of the metal area in a targeted manner, and can study related functional changes, analyze the relationship between different forces and molecular displacement, and the data is shown in Figure7.Figure 7
Force measurement point and displacement.Like process knowledge and human experience, it helps process models understand strategic decisions, improves the efficiency and accuracy of decision-making, and obtains more realistic process thinking. It is the production information of the segment that determines the craft. Inductors are indispensable and important components in many electronic circuits. The same as the change of inductance value with voltage, the change of inductance also shows the shape of loop with the cycle of voltage. The law that the inductance value decreases due to the magnetic field can still be observed, and the inductance value also increases when the magnetization state of the material gradually becomes stronger. The development of science and technology has also promoted precision and ultra-precision processing technology, which is based on measurement technology. Multiferroic materials have excellent physical properties and are magneto electric functional materials that have developed rapidly recently. The purpose of studying multiferroic materials is to use them to prepare new multifunctional devices to meet human needs. For example, ferroelectric ceramics are composed of many crystal grains. Although individual crystal grains are anisotropic, ceramics are macroscopically isotropic due to the random design and orientation of the crystal grains. Relevant data is shown in Figure8.Figure 8
Smart manufacturing benefits and smart manufacturing efficiency.The maximum value within the group of smart manufacturing benefit is 559.37; the maximum value between groups is 172.35. For the efficiency problem of smart manufacturing, the maximum value between groups reaches 187.07; the maximum value within the group is 286.35. Whether it is a significant analysis of smart manufacturing benefits or smart manufacturing efficiency, the experimental results are quite impressive. The domestic ferroelectric material production industry has long been quite large and has achieved certain results. Many mainframe manufacturers have successively constructed complete production lines, optimized and adjusted supporting production processes and facilities. Most of the material itself shrinks under the action of chemical reaction, and coupled with the difference in the thermal expansion coefficient of the component material and the tooling material, the final molded shape of the component will have a certain deviation from the theoretical design shape, so the tooling is directly determined. The actual forming effect of ferroelectric material parts is described. In the process of ferroelectric material component tooling design, there is a lot of repetitive design work, and the standardization requirements that are difficult to achieve by traditional design methods have made the development of a dedicated ferroelectric material tooling rapid design system become a very urgent need.


## 4. Discussion

The combination of information and communication technology has led the innovation 2.0 of the new network and new data field, promoted the global wave of thinkers and humans, and brought the public space of human life and work into the open space of the new ecosystem. It is a new smart and innovative city. New generation of information technology, intelligent optimization technology, new generation of artificial intelligence, and other technological innovations are rapidly penetrating into the manufacturing industry at an unprecedented speed and scale, and jointly promote the rapid development of intelligent manufacturing. Smart city construction is an emerging field that has never had relevant practices. There is no perfect experience to follow, only further exploration. The construction of a smart city is not a separate combination of parts and parts, but the overall construction of the system. If there is no overall strategic design, it will be difficult to sustain. In recent years, the market has continuously put forward new requirements on the size, quality, cost, and production cycle of components, which has also promoted the continuous innovation of tooling technology. Research on the feature extraction technology based on such software can realize the automatic extraction of manufacturing information in the model, thus avoiding the errors that may occur when manually reading the part drawing and manually inputting it, and at the same time improving the efficiency; in many practical application fields, a large amount of knowledge is inaccurate and uncertain, and convincing thinking or inaccurate reasoning is needed to solve incomplete knowledge. An intelligent process, decision-making process, combines transformative and non-transformative concepts to determine the direction of the process and the concept of the design process, while realizing the dynamic editing and updating of process knowledge, and realizing the standardization of the final process plan.


## 5. Conclusion

In recent years, all sectors of society have begun to propose the construction of “smart cities.” People hope that the construction of “smart cities” can promote changes and progress in urban development and make cities more prosperous and sustainable. In the future, urban construction is very likely to develop in the direction of knowledge and understanding. Scientifically and effectively understand and evaluate the current development of smart cities, which is conducive to the timely and innovative development of smart city planning and design, advanced manufacturing technology, strengthen supervision, and guide construction. The process of urbanization is increasing rapidly, and the rate of urbanization is increasing year by year, making the development of modern society into an era of technological and gradual operation. The in-depth analysis of the construction of smart cities and the analysis of key factors in the construction of smart cities will help authors and students to clarify the importance and foundation of smart city construction, rationally build a credit evaluation system for smart city construction, and help scientifically evaluate the method of building a base for a smart city. Intelligent production is the driving force for the development of the manufacturing industry in the new century, and the intelligent production system is the intelligent service that transforms human intelligent services into manufacturing machines. The application of intelligent manufacturing systems has laid a solid foundation for the appreciation of intelligent manufacturing facilities. In the early stage of scientific research and research on key technologies and development of smart cities, as well as the determination of smart city construction sites and projects are unscientific, there are many unknown problems and risks. If the rapid design platform is used to carry out design work, both the composition of the product itself is considered and performance, but also able to flexibly show the designer’s design ideas. The basic element level of smart city construction reflects the sustainable development potential and ability of the city, and is an important indicator to measure the current status of smart city construction.



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*Source: 3451281-2022-08-21.xml*