# Artificial Intelligence in Recording the Number of Times the Ball Has Crossed the Net in a Badminton Game

Authors: Xingmin Zhu
Journal: Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing
 (2022)

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## Abstract

In today’s intelligent age, the research and development of intelligent equipment are now an important direction, and the combination of artificial intelligence and sports is also a very popular research nowadays. This article uses the current popular artificial intelligence technology to record the number of times the ball crosses the net in a badminton game and provide real-time feedback to ensure the fairness and justice of the game. In this paper, artificial intelligence technology is the center. Experiments were conducted to record the number of times badminton crossed the net in official competitions, and the very popular artificial intelligence technology was analyzed. The algorithm we designed was first applied to amateur competitions. Recording real-time data lays a solid foundation for subsequent research and will be used in professional competitions later. The experimental results of this article have developed a function based on artificial intelligence to record the number of times the ball has crossed the net in a badminton game. We have studied traditional games and found that badminton has an average of more than 3000 times over the net in a game, and there are also some in amateur competitions. Nearly 2,000 times, and more than 50% of people like this sport in our daily lives, so our research is very meaningful and can be implemented in concrete terms.


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## Body

## 1. Introduction

Artificial intelligence methods have been widely used in data mining, as an advanced machine learning method in decision support and other fields. The technical and conventional diagnostic advantages of the game have already begun [1, 2]. However, there are few comprehensive systematic studies on diagnosis, evaluation, and prognosis. It is planned to conduct in-depth discussions on this research area to support the recording of the number of times the ball crosses the net in a badminton game. The current research on artificial intelligence technology and the development of its functions are still using traditional computer platforms. In the history of artificial intelligence, it has always been closely related to computer science. There are many popular science and technology nowadays; it also includes communication basics, government agencies, automated control, biological theory, psychological characteristics, physical logic, voice control, medical treatment, and traditional history. They are aimed at the development of the badminton event itself and all contradictions. Therefore, this research has huge social benefits. The use of artificial intelligence to record the number of times badminton has played tennis is very useful for regular matches and daily practice.The development of 5G technology today and the integration of artificial intelligence technology and the sports industry are gradually emerging. Combining artificial intelligence technology with sports can derive many different things. This is personal and scientific, which will greatly increase the quality of sports products. Solve the contradiction between supply and demand. In recent years, AI has been applied in all aspects of the sports industry, creating good social value, such as motion capture and competition judgment, etc., but the integration of AI with traditional sports is still in the preliminary stage of exploration. Integrate AI and the sports industry into the system, scale, and industrial development. This article is to study artificial intelligence in the badminton game to record the number of times the ball crossed the net, to achieve the ability to record game data, through the analysis of the existing dilemma, organize the development trend of planning, in-depth understanding of artificial intelligence in the badminton game’s key and difficult points, planning, step by step to promote the integration of artificial intelligence, and the sports industry. Artificial intelligence provides theoretical reports for more effective integration and development with the sports industry. Developed on this basis, and designed to be able to record the number of times the ball crossed the net in the badminton game, as well as the score and the number of fouls in the professional game.Artificial intelligence (AI) is prevalent, and radiology is at the forefront of the application of artificial intelligence in medicine. Last year’s RSNA AI Showcase hosted more than 120 companies, almost double the number of companies last year. Artificial Intelligence Exhibition 2019 (AIX) was presented at ECR, and Kotter and Ranschaert bring artificial intelligence to the core of the technology exhibition. At a scientific meeting, 44 scientific meetings (317 lectures) have been recorded focusing on artificial intelligence. The number of artificial intelligence-related abstracts submitted to radiology journals and radiology conferences has increased, reaching 25% of radiology submissions in 2019. Clearly, artificial intelligence-related adverts in radiology have emerged. Specifically, deep learning (DL) can accurately identify patterns in medical image data. In fact, it is difficult for radiology departments to negotiate contracts for various artificial intelligence systems and integrate with their IT environment. This becomes more difficult when hospitals want to implement their own algorithms and integrate them seamlessly with diagnostic procedures. In this way, the situation is reminiscent of the early 1990s, when PACS implementation was hampered by a lack of functional diagnosis. Communication standards and information exchange frameworks (such as DICOM and IHE). Once these were approved and adopted by most suppliers, PACS significantly changed the clinical routines of radiologists and physicians. However, currently, Kotter and Ranschaert are committed to setting new standards in the field of artificial intelligence for radiology workflows. The new standard formulated by Kotter and Ranschaert has not been studied on the basis of the previous, so that his standard may be uncertain and is not suitable for the current era [3]. Artificial intelligence (AI) technology has been evolving in the past few years, and it is clear that it is enhancing many areas. In this case, artificial intelligence has played an important role in the sports industry. It has played an important role in ensuring that the sector develops from a traditional to a more modern approach. Reddy conducted research on the benefits of AI in the sports industry. The report first outlines the topic of how these two aspects are linked. Reddy introduces some of the AI applications used in sports today. Research has found that a large number of fans are the main beneficiaries of artificial intelligence technology. The concept of artificial intelligence is actively changing sports and elevating it to an unprecedented level of success. Although facts have proved that measurement and quantitative investigation have occupied the sports world for a long time, A.I. essentially affects the way games are planned, played, and attracted to crowds. We see this pattern spreading in baseball, tennis, football, rugby, b-ball, and many other patterns. Artificial intelligence has entered the storage space dialogue, a better understanding of the opposition, the recommendation of the mentor has a better model, this is not all, analog intelligence has opened up a way for everyone from athletes to TV broadcasters, more creative ways to win sports games, provide players and fans with continuous game insights, predict game strategies, enable players to choose the correct program, and even remind players of the potential reduction of execution or injury when there is a problem. Innovation has become inevitable in sports, and it is a key supporter of its development on and off the field, making every player and team the best. However, he did not combine artificial intelligence with physical things and produce them, so his research is not practical [4]. Wang studied the application of artificial intelligence technology in the sports event management system. Through the analysis and design of the motion management system, I have mastered the object-oriented system development method and the UML unified modeling language. The WEB system helps to improve the practice of integrated software engineering, object-oriented analysis, and design. In the process of object-oriented system analysis and design, the categories that are difficult to grasp are identified and described, and how to use the unified modeling language efficiently and accurately to study the current research status. The concept of artificial intelligence is actively changing sports and enabling them to achieve unprecedented success. After a long time of analysis and design, the system basically meets the design requirements and has good flexibility and scalability, especially the custom mode rules, which improves the application value of the system. The system model is not only suitable for colleges and universities but also for various school sports games. Experiments show that the system can well meet the needs of the project. However, his research is still only at the theoretical level and has not been applied to actual games, making his theory slightly insufficient [5].This research applies AI technology to record the number of times the ball crosses the net in a badminton game and can reflect it in real time to ensure the normal progress of the game. Based on the summary of previous research, a badminton game with artificial intelligence technology is combined with badminton game, high-tech technology, and game timing combined with the function of scoring the badminton ball over the net. Based on the research of artificial intelligence-based badminton games, the traditional game records the number of times the ball crosses the net and finds out that there are many shortcomings in traditional methods. After a lot of collection and analysis of previous game information, we conduct our research on this basis. This experiment can save a lot of manpower and material resources in a game and can help the normal progress of the game well. After a period of training and recording, the artificial intelligence can quickly learn various rules to adapt to it. Various levels of competitions are well recorded and feedback. Under the control of computer technology, the information obtained will not be wrong, and it can also be recorded in the database so that people behind can record the normal game information. The article provides a perfect and improved development suggestion for the sports event industry under the artificial intelligence algorithm technology and can also provide new ideas for the research on badminton event records.


## 2. Artificial Intelligence Technology and Badminton Games

### 2.1. Artificial Intelligence Technology

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a new technological science that studies and develops the theories, methods, technologies, and application systems used to simulate, enhance, and enhance human intelligence [6–9]. Artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science. And built on local computer science, seeks to understand the nature of intelligence and produce new types of intelligent machines that can respond in a manner similar to human intelligence. Research in this area includes robotic manufacturing technology, speech and image recognition technology, and language information sorting technology. The key technologies included in artificial intelligence are shown in Figure 1. From the time AI was created by humans until now, we are more mature and skilled in theory and experiment in related technologies and applied in many industries [10]. AI is a process that can imitate human thinking and feedback. It is not human wisdom, but it can think like humans, and may even surpass human wisdom in the future. This is a very scary thing. The amount of information required for AI science and technology is very large. Researchers working on specific projects need to understand a lot of relevant subject knowledge, including computer, engineering, philosophy, and mechanics. It includes many fields of science and is beginning to lead a new revolution. One of the research goals of this technology is to create a machine that can replace humans in various tasks. Different times and people have different opinions on this, but the specific journey is still a long distance [11].Figure 1
Analysis of key technologies of artificial intelligence.Since the beginning of the 21st century, AI has been widely used in many fields and gradually accomplished. It has become an independent branch in theory and practice. It was named after the top three technologies of the 21st century along with genetic engineering and nanotechnology. The association of artificial intelligence is the study of building computers to simulate human thought processes and intelligent behavior, including learning computer science and thinking [12, 13]. Making computers similar to the intelligence of the human brain and building computers can take artificial intelligence to the next level. This includes computer science, psychology, philosophy, and linguistics. In other words, almost all physical and social sciences do not fall within the field of computer science [14]. The relationship between artificial intelligence and cognitive science is the relationship between practice and theory. And artificial intelligence is at the level of technical application. One branch of cognitive science is the field of application. From the point of view of ideas, artificial intelligence is not limited to rational thinking. Both images and inspiring ideas need to be taken into account to promote the gradual development of artificial intelligence. Mathematics is generally considered the foundation of many sciences. Mathematics is also used in language and thought. Big AI companies also have to borrow math tools. Not only math but it also plays a role in formal logic [15]. But when mathematics enters the field of artificial intelligence, they complement each other and develop faster. Figure 2 shows the specific technologies of each level of artificial intelligence.Figure 2
Diagrams of various levels of artificial intelligence.The artificial firefly algorithm is designed and developed on the basis of artificial intelligence. For the original firefly algorithm, during the startup process, some fireflies will be randomly scattered in the troubleshooting area [16]. These fireflies initially contained the same amount of fluorescence. Each firefly has its own decision-making area [17]. A firefly interacts with each firefly within its decision-making radius to achieve the purpose of influencing the activities of other fireflies. The specific update rules are expressed as follows:
(1)lig=1−ρ∗lig−1+γ∗fxig.In formula (1), ρ is the fluorescein volatilization coefficient, and γ is the fitness extraction ratio [18].Neighbor determination stage: each firefly searches for its neighbors within the decision radius, and its neighbor set is composed of neighbors that meet the following conditions:(2)Nit=j:lit<ljt&&di,j<rdi.In formula (2), di,j represents the Euclidean distance between the i-th and j-th firefly [19].Moving probability update order: thei-th firefly determines the probability Pi,j of its movement to the j-th firefly by comparing the fluorescent brightness values of the fireflies in its neighbor set. The calculation method is as follows:
(3)Pi,j=ljg−lig∑k∈Nitlkt−lit.Position update stage: thei-th firefly determines to move a small step to firefly j according to the roulette method, the moving step is step, and its position update formula is as follows:
(4)xig+1=xig+step∗xjg−xigxjg−xig.Sensing radius update stage: after the previous step is completed, the sensing radius needs to be updated accordingly. The specific update formula is as follows:(5)rdig+1=minr0,max0,rdig+β∗nt−Nig.The number of hidden layer units of ELM isk, and the excitation function is gx, then, the output model of ELM is
(6)Oi=∑j=1kXjgajxj+d.In formula (6), Xj is the weight connecting the jth hidden layer node and the output node [20], aj is the weight matrix connecting the jth hidden layer node and the input node, and dj is the jth hidden layer node the offset value.During the training process, calculateα, β, and d to satisfy the following equation:
(7)yi=∑j=1kβjgajxj+dj.The connection weightβ between the hidden layer and the output layer can be solved by the minimal 2-norm least squares of equation (8):
(8)β‵=HY+.


### 2.2. Badminton Game

Badminton is a traditional indoor sport. It requires at least two people to use a long-handled net racket on a court with a net to hit a shuttlecock made of feathers and cork [21]. In a formal badminton game, it needs to be played in a rectangular field with a net. Players of both sides use various techniques to hit the badminton back and forth on the net to ensure that the badminton does not fall within their own effective scoring area. If it falls in the opponent’s effective scoring area, or makes the opponent player make a mistake, it can also score [22]. The entire process of a badminton game is to take a certain time span, and each game is a three-game two-win system. The entire process may take a month to complete the elimination system, as shown in Figure 3. The most basic principle of badminton is to hit the net to hit the ball, using AI technology to record and real-time feedback [23].Figure 3
Detailed flow chart of badminton game.According to the understanding of badminton in daily life [24], based on the height of service of H0, the kinematics equation of the simplified model of badminton aerodynamics is
(9)yt=mCxVe+Vi1−e−Cy/mt−Vet+H0,(10)xt=viveCx1−e−Cy/mt.Among them,m is the quality of the shuttlecock, Cx and Cy are the air drag coefficient and the lift coefficient, Vi is the speed of the ball, and Ve is the final landing speed [25].Lett=t0=0, the initial coordinates of the shuttlecock are
(11)A0=0,H0.Supposet=t1 badminton reaches the highest point, then. there is
(12)yt=CyCxVe+Vie−Cy/mt−Ve.Available(13)t1=mCy1nCyVe+ViCxVe.Substitute into (1) and (2) to get the position coordinates of the highest point of the badminton [26].Let∆t be the starting time, and the shuttlecock moves in a straight line, the expression of the pitch angle β is
(14)β=arctanyΔt−HxΔt.Whent=t2 is set, the coordinate of the badminton drop point is xt2,0. Then, the coordinates of the ball’s landing point in the badminton court with the ball machine as the origin are
(15)A1=xt2sina,xt2cosa.


### 2.3. Artificial Intelligence and Sports Industry

With the widespread use of 5G and AI technologies today, attaches great importance to using this technology to integrate with traditional industries, and gradually apply it in real life [27]. In the sports industry, sports events and sports services can not only implement standard artificial intelligence products and services [28] and can be customized to meet customer requirements. While reducing costs, it can also improve the production efficiency of related products. With the intervention of artificial intelligence, sports products, sports equipment, and other sports-related equipment have made important improvements in the efficiency and quality of product manufacturing. As a new input factor, artificial intelligence can replace many workers in sports transportation factories, reduce labor density, and increase production efficiency [29]. Speed up the process of the sports industry performances and related markets to ensure the fair execution of events, and artificial intelligence uses physical logic and big data applications through predefined standards in the planning and reporting of sports events to promote long-term sustainable development of employment. It can also help the sports coaching system to effectively drive the development of the sports industry chain. In formal sports events, artificial intelligence can not only monitor and analyze a single goal but also practice the normal coordination of the overall event based on big data analysis, which can well promote the overall competitive sports [30]. Strengthen national sports fitness and leisure activities to achieve growth in sports consumption. Sports artificial intelligence is widely invested in various fields. The sports industry can bring people a healthy life and a better future and can lead people to better realize the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation [31].


## 2.1. Artificial Intelligence Technology

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a new technological science that studies and develops the theories, methods, technologies, and application systems used to simulate, enhance, and enhance human intelligence [6–9]. Artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science. And built on local computer science, seeks to understand the nature of intelligence and produce new types of intelligent machines that can respond in a manner similar to human intelligence. Research in this area includes robotic manufacturing technology, speech and image recognition technology, and language information sorting technology. The key technologies included in artificial intelligence are shown in Figure 1. From the time AI was created by humans until now, we are more mature and skilled in theory and experiment in related technologies and applied in many industries [10]. AI is a process that can imitate human thinking and feedback. It is not human wisdom, but it can think like humans, and may even surpass human wisdom in the future. This is a very scary thing. The amount of information required for AI science and technology is very large. Researchers working on specific projects need to understand a lot of relevant subject knowledge, including computer, engineering, philosophy, and mechanics. It includes many fields of science and is beginning to lead a new revolution. One of the research goals of this technology is to create a machine that can replace humans in various tasks. Different times and people have different opinions on this, but the specific journey is still a long distance [11].Figure 1
Analysis of key technologies of artificial intelligence.Since the beginning of the 21st century, AI has been widely used in many fields and gradually accomplished. It has become an independent branch in theory and practice. It was named after the top three technologies of the 21st century along with genetic engineering and nanotechnology. The association of artificial intelligence is the study of building computers to simulate human thought processes and intelligent behavior, including learning computer science and thinking [12, 13]. Making computers similar to the intelligence of the human brain and building computers can take artificial intelligence to the next level. This includes computer science, psychology, philosophy, and linguistics. In other words, almost all physical and social sciences do not fall within the field of computer science [14]. The relationship between artificial intelligence and cognitive science is the relationship between practice and theory. And artificial intelligence is at the level of technical application. One branch of cognitive science is the field of application. From the point of view of ideas, artificial intelligence is not limited to rational thinking. Both images and inspiring ideas need to be taken into account to promote the gradual development of artificial intelligence. Mathematics is generally considered the foundation of many sciences. Mathematics is also used in language and thought. Big AI companies also have to borrow math tools. Not only math but it also plays a role in formal logic [15]. But when mathematics enters the field of artificial intelligence, they complement each other and develop faster. Figure 2 shows the specific technologies of each level of artificial intelligence.Figure 2
Diagrams of various levels of artificial intelligence.The artificial firefly algorithm is designed and developed on the basis of artificial intelligence. For the original firefly algorithm, during the startup process, some fireflies will be randomly scattered in the troubleshooting area [16]. These fireflies initially contained the same amount of fluorescence. Each firefly has its own decision-making area [17]. A firefly interacts with each firefly within its decision-making radius to achieve the purpose of influencing the activities of other fireflies. The specific update rules are expressed as follows:
(1)lig=1−ρ∗lig−1+γ∗fxig.In formula (1), ρ is the fluorescein volatilization coefficient, and γ is the fitness extraction ratio [18].Neighbor determination stage: each firefly searches for its neighbors within the decision radius, and its neighbor set is composed of neighbors that meet the following conditions:(2)Nit=j:lit<ljt&&di,j<rdi.In formula (2), di,j represents the Euclidean distance between the i-th and j-th firefly [19].Moving probability update order: thei-th firefly determines the probability Pi,j of its movement to the j-th firefly by comparing the fluorescent brightness values of the fireflies in its neighbor set. The calculation method is as follows:
(3)Pi,j=ljg−lig∑k∈Nitlkt−lit.Position update stage: thei-th firefly determines to move a small step to firefly j according to the roulette method, the moving step is step, and its position update formula is as follows:
(4)xig+1=xig+step∗xjg−xigxjg−xig.Sensing radius update stage: after the previous step is completed, the sensing radius needs to be updated accordingly. The specific update formula is as follows:(5)rdig+1=minr0,max0,rdig+β∗nt−Nig.The number of hidden layer units of ELM isk, and the excitation function is gx, then, the output model of ELM is
(6)Oi=∑j=1kXjgajxj+d.In formula (6), Xj is the weight connecting the jth hidden layer node and the output node [20], aj is the weight matrix connecting the jth hidden layer node and the input node, and dj is the jth hidden layer node the offset value.During the training process, calculateα, β, and d to satisfy the following equation:
(7)yi=∑j=1kβjgajxj+dj.The connection weightβ between the hidden layer and the output layer can be solved by the minimal 2-norm least squares of equation (8):
(8)β‵=HY+.


## 2.2. Badminton Game

Badminton is a traditional indoor sport. It requires at least two people to use a long-handled net racket on a court with a net to hit a shuttlecock made of feathers and cork [21]. In a formal badminton game, it needs to be played in a rectangular field with a net. Players of both sides use various techniques to hit the badminton back and forth on the net to ensure that the badminton does not fall within their own effective scoring area. If it falls in the opponent’s effective scoring area, or makes the opponent player make a mistake, it can also score [22]. The entire process of a badminton game is to take a certain time span, and each game is a three-game two-win system. The entire process may take a month to complete the elimination system, as shown in Figure 3. The most basic principle of badminton is to hit the net to hit the ball, using AI technology to record and real-time feedback [23].Figure 3
Detailed flow chart of badminton game.According to the understanding of badminton in daily life [24], based on the height of service of H0, the kinematics equation of the simplified model of badminton aerodynamics is
(9)yt=mCxVe+Vi1−e−Cy/mt−Vet+H0,(10)xt=viveCx1−e−Cy/mt.Among them,m is the quality of the shuttlecock, Cx and Cy are the air drag coefficient and the lift coefficient, Vi is the speed of the ball, and Ve is the final landing speed [25].Lett=t0=0, the initial coordinates of the shuttlecock are
(11)A0=0,H0.Supposet=t1 badminton reaches the highest point, then. there is
(12)yt=CyCxVe+Vie−Cy/mt−Ve.Available(13)t1=mCy1nCyVe+ViCxVe.Substitute into (1) and (2) to get the position coordinates of the highest point of the badminton [26].Let∆t be the starting time, and the shuttlecock moves in a straight line, the expression of the pitch angle β is
(14)β=arctanyΔt−HxΔt.Whent=t2 is set, the coordinate of the badminton drop point is xt2,0. Then, the coordinates of the ball’s landing point in the badminton court with the ball machine as the origin are
(15)A1=xt2sina,xt2cosa.


## 2.3. Artificial Intelligence and Sports Industry

With the widespread use of 5G and AI technologies today, attaches great importance to using this technology to integrate with traditional industries, and gradually apply it in real life [27]. In the sports industry, sports events and sports services can not only implement standard artificial intelligence products and services [28] and can be customized to meet customer requirements. While reducing costs, it can also improve the production efficiency of related products. With the intervention of artificial intelligence, sports products, sports equipment, and other sports-related equipment have made important improvements in the efficiency and quality of product manufacturing. As a new input factor, artificial intelligence can replace many workers in sports transportation factories, reduce labor density, and increase production efficiency [29]. Speed up the process of the sports industry performances and related markets to ensure the fair execution of events, and artificial intelligence uses physical logic and big data applications through predefined standards in the planning and reporting of sports events to promote long-term sustainable development of employment. It can also help the sports coaching system to effectively drive the development of the sports industry chain. In formal sports events, artificial intelligence can not only monitor and analyze a single goal but also practice the normal coordination of the overall event based on big data analysis, which can well promote the overall competitive sports [30]. Strengthen national sports fitness and leisure activities to achieve growth in sports consumption. Sports artificial intelligence is widely invested in various fields. The sports industry can bring people a healthy life and a better future and can lead people to better realize the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation [31].


## 3. Experiment to Record the Number of Times Badminton Crossed the Net

### 3.1. Hardware Design

According to the dynamics, service model server must control all four parameters of speed. The use of height, horizontal angle, and step angle also requires a lot of storage space and download of badminton in order to perform automated service functions, so the new automatic badminton server in this article is adopted. First of all, it is necessary to design basic actuators such as storage, retrieval, transmission, angle control, and speed control. Second, the shuttlecocks with different ball speeds and the correct ball speed do not need to be damaged. It has innovative features such as control and focus on losing the ball. By controlling the serve, the height of the badminton crossing the net can be reached, so as to determine whether the badminton crosses the net or not, by judging whether the badminton crosses the net by the strength and angle of the player’s strike, and whether it falls within the effective scoring area of the opposing player. The specific process is as follows as shown in Figure4.Figure 4
The overall frame structure of the serving system.Badminton on the market has many weaknesses, such as high quality, easy damage to the ball, small speed range, and inaccurate speed control. This will cause unnecessary problems during the game and may make it difficult for the shuttlecock to cross the net during the game. And the badminton crossing net detection system designed and developed by our artificial intelligence technology will record the number of badminton crossing nets according to the situation of the badminton and the physical condition of the players. To a certain extent, reducing the intensity and frequency of the ball can improve the serving system. The design performance indicators are shown in Table1.Table 1
Performance index of new type badminton automatic engine.
ProjectIndexActualBall speed30 km/h ~180 km/h25 km/h ~150 km/hBall speed error±0.8 km/h±1.0 km/hHorizontal azimuth angle-25° ~25°-15° ~35°Pitch azimuth angle-10° ~40°-20° ~20°Serve frequency0.5 s ~6 s each1.5 s ~4.5 s eachNumber of storage balls12090Serve type common ball1170970Remote control distance10 m15 mAccording to the control signal requirements and cost control of each unit, as shown in Table2, the main control chip is selected as the currently popular STM32F407 series microcontroller. Educational materials, with a large user base, stable, and reliable 32-bit kernel, working frequency up to 168 MHz, standard 100-pin VET6 package, with 512 KB flash memory capacity, multiple serial ports, six timers, multiage’s and timer PW can be generated, and encoding can be set. This configuration can meet the requirements of the slave control system. STM32F407VET6 is the main control panel of the dome camera. Used in this experiment, the dashboard has the advantage of free development, good flexibility, and strong usability, and a dedicated debugging interface. Debug buttons, indicator lights, and other necessities to facilitate R&D and debugging, all functional IO ports are output, 5 V power supply, 5 V, and 3.3 V power supply at the same time, to meet the input and output control requirements, the interface is a 2.54 mm needle.Table 2
STM32F407VET selection and configuration table.
ModelSupply voltageEncapsulationProgram spaceRAM36 feet2 ~ 3.6 VQFN3632 K10 K48 feet2 ~ 3.6 VLQFP4864 KB20 KB64 feet2 ~ 3.6 VLQFP64128 KB20 KB100 feet2 ~ 3.6 VLQFP100384 K64 K144 feet2 ~ 3.6 VLQFP144256 K48 K


### 3.2. Software Design

Artificial intelligence technology is attached great importance and is widely used in various industries. The old-fashioned machinery and traditional technologies not only lag behind in productivity but also bring heavy burdens to people. However, today’s new technologies and sciences can lighten people’s burdens and free them from heavy labor, and they are more precise and obedient than human beings. The current definition of performing complex tasks is completely different from before, and they will change with the evolution of the times. Wisdom will develop over time. On the other hand, continue to make new progress, and vice versa. It turns to more important and difficult goals. Since entering the 21st century, the scale of AI market has been gradually increasing every year. Figure5 shows the scale of artificial intelligence market in recent years.Figure 5
2015-2020 artificial intelligence market scale and forecast domestic and foreign comparison.At this stage, artificial intelligence learning is mainly divided into classic machine learning and deep learning. It is widely used in various countries in the world and has begun to integrate with various disciplines and industries. Facilitate our daily life. The first is based on various learning algorithms and combined with various new technologies. The second is to learn on the basis of various neural networks, summarize and analyze actual problems, and conduct further in-depth research. The specific conditions are shown in Table3.Table 3
Artificial intelligence learning methods and applications.
CategorySubdivided areasDistributedTotalValue (100 million yuan)Application layerSmart driving12%450025Smart robot12%450025Smart medical21%569830Technical layerComputer vision17%496028Speech recognition15%465026Base layerMachine learning platform8%352018AI chip15%465026Artificial intelligence technology is the latest technology nowadays. Countries all over the world want to be the leader in this technology and lead the next world revolution. There are two different ways to apply artificial intelligence to computers. One is to use traditional programming techniques to make the system look smart. Another method of use is the same as the method used by humans or animals. This method called engineering method has achieved success in text recognition and other fields. Computer chess, otherwise, it is a modeling method, which depends not only on the result but also on the result. But it also needs to be similar or similar to the use methods used by humans or biological organisms. Genetic algorithms (generic algorithm, referred to as GA) and neural networks (artificial neural network, referred to as ANN) belong to the latter category. The genetic algorithm simulates the genetic evolution mechanism of humans or organisms. The neural network simulates the activity of neurons in the human or animal brain. However, the current artificial intelligence technology is not unified, and they are all occupied by some large organizations in the world. The specific ranking of artificial intelligence patent holders is shown in Figure6.Figure 6
Ranking of artificial intelligence patents in the world.AI technology that keeps pace with the times, and in-depth research on artificial intelligence technologies has begun in different academic fields. At present, domestic and foreign academic circles and industry are committed to SNN research, hoping to in-depth study of deep learning algorithms, as shown in Table4. However, the research on the new SNN algorithm is still in its infancy. It now appears that IBM’s True North chip development and Intel’s Loihi chip development both focus on basic theoretical research: research on brain-based neural networks and Spike-like algorithms. Neural network (SNN) is a model that simulates the connection and function of biological neurons. The nerve impulse used to transmit information is generated by calculation. This is very different from the weightedconnection+activationmethod of the traditional network.Table 4
Chips developed by artificial intelligence technology.
SNN-based brain-like chipIBM true northTianjicDarwin-2Development/release time2011/20142017/20192015+/2019Chip size100 mm14.4 mmProcess28 nm28 nmProcessing core per chip4096156576Number of neurons supported by each core1 million40000256Number of synapses supported by each core256 million10 million+10 million+


### 3.3. Artificial Intelligence and Sports Industry

Over the past 10 years, the gap between the artificial intelligence industry and the sports industry has widened rapidly. From 2014 to 2016, the average annual growth rate of value added of the sports industry was 26.6%, almost four times the rate. At the same time, as shown in Table5, the sports industry has grown rapidly in recent years. And information has grown rapidly. After the combination of artificial intelligence and the sports industry, the sports industry will grow faster.Table 5
Sports industry output value and growth rate.
YearsSports industry scaleSports industry added valueSports industry growth rate201515628.94127.735.28%201619827.74567.348.57%201721156.55057.2811.35%201823557.795631.2812.45%201926231.66270.4315.37%202029208.886982.1219.63%In the past few years, the development of science and technology has brought tremendous changes to our practice. Smart sports products such as sports bracelets and smart fitness equipment are very popular with the public. People can adapt science-based exercise programs based on visual exercise data. Therefore, they are sought after by mainstream fitness groups. Compared with blind training, people prefer observable training effects. Nowadays, more and more industries are interacting with artificial intelligence. In the future,sports+InternetofThings, sports+VR, sports+artificialintelligence, and other fields are more and more in our daily life. New science and technology are applied in the sports industry. In and changing our way of life imperceptibly. The sports industry is a traditional industry, and it has become one of the pillars of industry over time. As shown in Figure 7, the output value of sports industry will exceed 2.8 trillion Yuan in 2020, and with the addition of new technologies such as artificial intelligence, this the number may increase year by year.Figure 7
Artificial intelligence and the development trend of the sports industry.


## 3.1. Hardware Design

According to the dynamics, service model server must control all four parameters of speed. The use of height, horizontal angle, and step angle also requires a lot of storage space and download of badminton in order to perform automated service functions, so the new automatic badminton server in this article is adopted. First of all, it is necessary to design basic actuators such as storage, retrieval, transmission, angle control, and speed control. Second, the shuttlecocks with different ball speeds and the correct ball speed do not need to be damaged. It has innovative features such as control and focus on losing the ball. By controlling the serve, the height of the badminton crossing the net can be reached, so as to determine whether the badminton crosses the net or not, by judging whether the badminton crosses the net by the strength and angle of the player’s strike, and whether it falls within the effective scoring area of the opposing player. The specific process is as follows as shown in Figure4.Figure 4
The overall frame structure of the serving system.Badminton on the market has many weaknesses, such as high quality, easy damage to the ball, small speed range, and inaccurate speed control. This will cause unnecessary problems during the game and may make it difficult for the shuttlecock to cross the net during the game. And the badminton crossing net detection system designed and developed by our artificial intelligence technology will record the number of badminton crossing nets according to the situation of the badminton and the physical condition of the players. To a certain extent, reducing the intensity and frequency of the ball can improve the serving system. The design performance indicators are shown in Table1.Table 1
Performance index of new type badminton automatic engine.
ProjectIndexActualBall speed30 km/h ~180 km/h25 km/h ~150 km/hBall speed error±0.8 km/h±1.0 km/hHorizontal azimuth angle-25° ~25°-15° ~35°Pitch azimuth angle-10° ~40°-20° ~20°Serve frequency0.5 s ~6 s each1.5 s ~4.5 s eachNumber of storage balls12090Serve type common ball1170970Remote control distance10 m15 mAccording to the control signal requirements and cost control of each unit, as shown in Table2, the main control chip is selected as the currently popular STM32F407 series microcontroller. Educational materials, with a large user base, stable, and reliable 32-bit kernel, working frequency up to 168 MHz, standard 100-pin VET6 package, with 512 KB flash memory capacity, multiple serial ports, six timers, multiage’s and timer PW can be generated, and encoding can be set. This configuration can meet the requirements of the slave control system. STM32F407VET6 is the main control panel of the dome camera. Used in this experiment, the dashboard has the advantage of free development, good flexibility, and strong usability, and a dedicated debugging interface. Debug buttons, indicator lights, and other necessities to facilitate R&D and debugging, all functional IO ports are output, 5 V power supply, 5 V, and 3.3 V power supply at the same time, to meet the input and output control requirements, the interface is a 2.54 mm needle.Table 2
STM32F407VET selection and configuration table.
ModelSupply voltageEncapsulationProgram spaceRAM36 feet2 ~ 3.6 VQFN3632 K10 K48 feet2 ~ 3.6 VLQFP4864 KB20 KB64 feet2 ~ 3.6 VLQFP64128 KB20 KB100 feet2 ~ 3.6 VLQFP100384 K64 K144 feet2 ~ 3.6 VLQFP144256 K48 K


## 3.2. Software Design

Artificial intelligence technology is attached great importance and is widely used in various industries. The old-fashioned machinery and traditional technologies not only lag behind in productivity but also bring heavy burdens to people. However, today’s new technologies and sciences can lighten people’s burdens and free them from heavy labor, and they are more precise and obedient than human beings. The current definition of performing complex tasks is completely different from before, and they will change with the evolution of the times. Wisdom will develop over time. On the other hand, continue to make new progress, and vice versa. It turns to more important and difficult goals. Since entering the 21st century, the scale of AI market has been gradually increasing every year. Figure5 shows the scale of artificial intelligence market in recent years.Figure 5
2015-2020 artificial intelligence market scale and forecast domestic and foreign comparison.At this stage, artificial intelligence learning is mainly divided into classic machine learning and deep learning. It is widely used in various countries in the world and has begun to integrate with various disciplines and industries. Facilitate our daily life. The first is based on various learning algorithms and combined with various new technologies. The second is to learn on the basis of various neural networks, summarize and analyze actual problems, and conduct further in-depth research. The specific conditions are shown in Table3.Table 3
Artificial intelligence learning methods and applications.
CategorySubdivided areasDistributedTotalValue (100 million yuan)Application layerSmart driving12%450025Smart robot12%450025Smart medical21%569830Technical layerComputer vision17%496028Speech recognition15%465026Base layerMachine learning platform8%352018AI chip15%465026Artificial intelligence technology is the latest technology nowadays. Countries all over the world want to be the leader in this technology and lead the next world revolution. There are two different ways to apply artificial intelligence to computers. One is to use traditional programming techniques to make the system look smart. Another method of use is the same as the method used by humans or animals. This method called engineering method has achieved success in text recognition and other fields. Computer chess, otherwise, it is a modeling method, which depends not only on the result but also on the result. But it also needs to be similar or similar to the use methods used by humans or biological organisms. Genetic algorithms (generic algorithm, referred to as GA) and neural networks (artificial neural network, referred to as ANN) belong to the latter category. The genetic algorithm simulates the genetic evolution mechanism of humans or organisms. The neural network simulates the activity of neurons in the human or animal brain. However, the current artificial intelligence technology is not unified, and they are all occupied by some large organizations in the world. The specific ranking of artificial intelligence patent holders is shown in Figure6.Figure 6
Ranking of artificial intelligence patents in the world.AI technology that keeps pace with the times, and in-depth research on artificial intelligence technologies has begun in different academic fields. At present, domestic and foreign academic circles and industry are committed to SNN research, hoping to in-depth study of deep learning algorithms, as shown in Table4. However, the research on the new SNN algorithm is still in its infancy. It now appears that IBM’s True North chip development and Intel’s Loihi chip development both focus on basic theoretical research: research on brain-based neural networks and Spike-like algorithms. Neural network (SNN) is a model that simulates the connection and function of biological neurons. The nerve impulse used to transmit information is generated by calculation. This is very different from the weightedconnection+activationmethod of the traditional network.Table 4
Chips developed by artificial intelligence technology.
SNN-based brain-like chipIBM true northTianjicDarwin-2Development/release time2011/20142017/20192015+/2019Chip size100 mm14.4 mmProcess28 nm28 nmProcessing core per chip4096156576Number of neurons supported by each core1 million40000256Number of synapses supported by each core256 million10 million+10 million+


## 3.3. Artificial Intelligence and Sports Industry

Over the past 10 years, the gap between the artificial intelligence industry and the sports industry has widened rapidly. From 2014 to 2016, the average annual growth rate of value added of the sports industry was 26.6%, almost four times the rate. At the same time, as shown in Table5, the sports industry has grown rapidly in recent years. And information has grown rapidly. After the combination of artificial intelligence and the sports industry, the sports industry will grow faster.Table 5
Sports industry output value and growth rate.
YearsSports industry scaleSports industry added valueSports industry growth rate201515628.94127.735.28%201619827.74567.348.57%201721156.55057.2811.35%201823557.795631.2812.45%201926231.66270.4315.37%202029208.886982.1219.63%In the past few years, the development of science and technology has brought tremendous changes to our practice. Smart sports products such as sports bracelets and smart fitness equipment are very popular with the public. People can adapt science-based exercise programs based on visual exercise data. Therefore, they are sought after by mainstream fitness groups. Compared with blind training, people prefer observable training effects. Nowadays, more and more industries are interacting with artificial intelligence. In the future,sports+InternetofThings, sports+VR, sports+artificialintelligence, and other fields are more and more in our daily life. New science and technology are applied in the sports industry. In and changing our way of life imperceptibly. The sports industry is a traditional industry, and it has become one of the pillars of industry over time. As shown in Figure 7, the output value of sports industry will exceed 2.8 trillion Yuan in 2020, and with the addition of new technologies such as artificial intelligence, this the number may increase year by year.Figure 7
Artificial intelligence and the development trend of the sports industry.


## 4. Discuss

In this era, artificial intelligence, genetic engineering, nanotechnology, and other technologies are developing rapidly, and they have begun to merge in various industries. Today with in-depth research on AI technology, the design and manufacture of new sports equipment will promote the continuous growth of sports industry. Badminton is a convenient, fast, and easy-to-use sport. It is also popular with men, women, and children in our daily lives. Various badminton halls are also located in various cities. The annual output value is also increasing year by year. It is a very good sport. However, in the previous badminton halls, the facilities were not very sufficient. Generally, a random net can be enough for amateurs to exercise. But now with the development of technology, badminton ball machines, intelligent robots, etc. are used for professional training and daily sports. The equipment of the badminton hall is getting better and better. Our research on recording the number of times badminton crosses the net designed on the basis of artificial intelligence will not only be applied in professional games but also be put into the market and used in our daily life.


## 5. Conclusions

This article uses the latest AI technology to record the number of times the ball has crossed the net in a badminton game and provide real-time feedback. It can not only help the smooth progress of the game but also avoid misjudgments caused by referees and make the game fair and just get on. AI technology is created by using traditional computer science to transform and combining with the latest algorithms. It is not human wisdom, but a way of thinking similar to human wisdom. In the face of various situations, it will respond to various situations. Maybe in the near future, it may evolve to a level that we can hardly imagine the height of. After observing most of the professional badminton competitions and personally experiencing in the badminton hall, we found that there are some disputes in professional and amateur competitions. Most of them come from whether the badminton crosses the net or not. Therefore, based on this, we cross the net for badminton. Carry out research and develop and design with artificial intelligence technology, and plan to use it in professional competitions and daily life in the future.Although this paper uses artificial intelligence technology to carry out a profound study on badminton net passing records, there are still many deficiencies. The depth and breadth of the research in this paper are not enough. In the process of this research, the selection and acquisition of experimental data are absolutely ideal. In the future work, we will study appropriate methods and means from more perspectives based on the existing technology and level and continuously improve the technical quality.



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*Source: 3464161-2022-04-12.xml*