# Cultivation of Teenagers’ Digital Media Literacy and Network Legal Literacy in the Era of Digital Virtual Technology

Authors: Yipin Lv
Journal: Scientific Programming
 (2022)

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## Abstract

Digital virtual technology with media survival as an important representation, with the rapid development of the new media technology represented by the Internet, digital virtual technology with its entertainment, personalized service, open sharing of content, form of real-time interaction and other characteristics strongly attract the young group. In the digital virtual era, teenagers’ digital media literacy has not only become one of the essential qualities for them to cope with global competition, but also an essential quality for college students to realize lifelong learning. Therefore, it is not only necessary but also urgent to carry out systematic digital media literacy education for adolescent groups. This study first discusses that the typical illegal phenomenon in the network is the problem caused by the lack of network legal awareness, and analyzes the level of media literacy of the subject media in these cases and whether the network legal awareness is weak. Finally, from the perspective of school education, social publicity and national system support, this paper puts forward some Suggestions on how to improve teenagers’ media literacy and cultivate their network legal literacy, so as to create a harmonious network environment. Establish a scientific and reasonable indicator system of youth network literacy, and build a youth network literacy training mechanism.


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## Body

## 1. Introduction

At present, the network media is affecting people’s life all the time. On the one hand, at the same time, with the development of digital virtual technology, the negative information in network media communication also causes a great impact on people. Many teenagers have formed some bad network media complex; On the other hand, although the legal management in the real society is comprehensive and popular with citizens, the legal mechanism under the new media environment is still relatively imperfect. The network information is complicated, true and false, and the transmission speed is fast. The rapid development of the Internet has brought human beings into the age of network information [1]. As an important subject of the Internet, young people are of great significance to network security. The level of teenagers’ network ethics literacy directly affects the quality of the network order, and is also a decisive factor for the healthy growth of teenagers in the network society. Teenagers’ cyberethical literacy is mainly reflected in their awareness of cyberethics, knowledge and ability of cyberethics, and practice of cyberethics. The “double-edged sword” effect of technology also requires people to seek advantages and avoid disadvantages, so that the network can serve people better. Different from traditional ethics, network ethics has some unique characteristics. Only by combining traditional ethics and network ethics well, can we find a way suitable for the development of network ethics [2, 3]. The purpose of this thesis is to find a feasible way to improve adolescents’ network ethics literacy. Facing this problem, we must seek effective ways to educate teenagers to correctly understand and use Internet media, and scientifically guide them to transform their complex of Internet media into their literacy of Internet media.The generation of teenagers’ network media complex is largely based on the recognition of network media and the resulting emotions [4]. The network media complex is dependent on the update and development of network virtual technology and network auxiliary equipment, which provides people with modern thinking and survival mode, and is a dynamic media culture that is constantly developing [5, 6]. Network media complex is often manifested as an intricate psychological state [7]. Along with the demand and use of the network, as well as the network emotion continuously strengthened in this process [8–10]. Based on their dependence and persistence on the Internet, teenagers form a collection of network needs, network emotions and network consciousness in their subconsciousness, which has an influence and control effect on their thoughts, wills and behaviors [11]. Digital media literacy is characterized by the increasing immediacy of network information, the equality and non-centrality of network culture, the high degree of openness and freedom, the personalization and popularization of network participants, the interaction between subjects and the sharing of network resources, as well as the authenticity of network virtuality and communication [12, 13]. Nots allow to ignore the influence of network culture brings to teenagers, it changed the thinking and way of life of teenagers, may make some thinking and behaviour of the teenagers at odds with reality, and most teenagers are in growth stage, the mind is not mature, not very correct judgment standard, lack of self-control ability [14]. Therefore, it is particularly important to strengthen the network media literacy education for teenagers.Compared with western countries, China has relatively late access to media literacy education, so it is an important issue that needs to be urgently solved under the current network environment to cultivate the legal awareness of the public media literacy and effectively regulate the virtualized cyberspace [15]. As a normative basic research, related issues such as the structure and attributes of the network society, the characteristics of network social communication behavior and the current issues of network ethics have attracted the attention of domestic scholars; more research tends to be discussed within the discipline. Or speculative and abstract research and empirical research are mainly based on the intuitive description of the current situation, and lack of in-depth analysis of the influencing factors of current network social behavior. Based on the social changes caused by digital virtual technology, this study conducted a questionnaire survey on some teenagers in our province according to the research needs. This study focuses on the objective, content, implementation and evaluation of media literacy education for young people, and tries to construct the implementation system of digital media literacy education for young people. In the implementation process, it is required that each adolescent education unit independently develop and provide all-round information environment support, and at the same time, corresponding educational evaluation must be carried out, with emphasis on an evaluation system that combines authentic evaluation and traditional evaluation [16, 17]. Through the analysis and induction of the result data, the current situation of media literacy of teenagers is not optimistic, and there are many problems to be solved including “network media complex,” which has become urgent for the media literacy education of teenagers. In the past, related research, especially the domestic research on network ethics, was mostly carried out by age groups, such as “research on network ethics of middle school students,” “research on network ethics of college students,” and research on primary school students. I am not denying this. A refined age study. In a big way, teenagers are also divided into age groups. The research in the scope of learning stage also has its rationality, it can better reflect the ethical situation of students at each stage, and there are many researches in this area to discover their common problems.


## 2. Research Overview

### 2.1. Connotation of Network Media Literacy

After decades of development, network media literacy has developed into a concept with multiple dimensions, perspectives and meanings, so there is no clear definition [18]. Some scholars believe that Internet media literacy is an expanding information and communication skill that is born in response to the changes of social information. This view is based on the fact that teenagers must have the ability to be educated in life in the 21st century and global economic challenges. Teenagers’ Internet literacy is a concept put forward for the needs of research. This concept has not been directly used by researchers, so it can be said to be a new concept. However, there have been many studies on the perspectives related to adolescents’ cyber ethics literacy, and the research results are also quite abundant, such as the research on “information literacy,” “computer literacy,” “media literacy,” “information ability,” “digital literacy” and “electronic literacy.” In fact, these are different names for network literacy in foreign countries. The connotation of information literacy includes four aspects: information attitude and emotion, information knowledge, information ability and information morality. There are also some scholars who believe that media literacy is a child with a thousand names. They believe that the cultivation of critical use of media and cognition of media information are the core contents of the cultivation of media literacy for teenagers. More scholars generally believe that network media literacy refers to users’ correct use and effective use of network media to create and disseminate information on the basis of certain network knowledge, so as to achieve the purpose of serving individuals. These foundations can be understood as the ability to deal with various aspects of the media. These abilities include not only the cognition of media use technology, but also the critical cognition of media content and the mastery of media information transmission channels.After sorting out the existing studies, it can be found that the existing research results show the understanding of network media literacy from two categories. The first group believes that the ability to distinguish and analyze information in network media literacy is very important, and this kind of research focuses on the ability to analyze media information. The classification of the main characteristics of the dynamic performance for the media literacy, standing on the position of protectionism, content and medium for the culture of the vulgar bad for preventing violence, pornographic content or resist, these research basic media literacy is treated as a protection way of culture, but this kind of idea started in recent years were replaced by a more realistic and objective concept, namely the role of the media literacy in the positioning of the media information comprehension and participation of media information dissemination; Another point of view emphasizes the role of network media literacy in the audience’s access to and use of network information. It believes that network media is different from traditional media in that it has more professional means of obtaining information and needs special learning. Therefore, how to get information from the network becomes the most basic problem of using network media.In combination with the attributes of this study, the concept of network media literacy is redefined. It is believed that media literacy education refers to an individual’s acquired ability to deal with various kinds of media through training, cultivation and practice, and it is a systematic process of the research on media literacy cultivation of teenagers from the digital virtual perspective. “Morality is a special social phenomenon, a kind of spiritual life unique to human beings, and it is produced by adapting to the inevitable requirement of human social life to deal with the relationship between individual interests and the common interests of society. The formation and development of society are inseparable, and the formation and development of human social relations are the objective premise and direct basis for the emergence of morality.” The author believes that the basic connotation of network media literacy should include the ability to obtain network media information: the ability to correctly interpret, criticize information and the ability to produce and disseminate information. Network media literacy includes two aspects: first, the cultivation of the ability to use known information. The current social media has extended to all aspects of life, and the cultivation of media literacy is a basic ability needed to survive in this era; Second, the cognitive ability of media, including the use of media, media communication information collection, analysis and evaluation.


### 2.2. Necessity of Cultivating Teenagers’ Internet Legal Literacy in the Internet Era

Under the background of the development of society and the deepening of legal system reform, people have gradually reached consensus on the concept of the rule of law [19, 20]. The higher the recognition degree of teenagers to network law, the closer the realization of network legalization will be. The rapid development of the Internet has an increasingly important impact on all aspects of human social life. In today’s information age, Internet access has become a must and a fashion. Among the huge network groups, teenagers account for a large proportion. And it is gradually increasing. The openness of the Internet has greatly helped the improvement of young people’s learning efficiency, but also brought risk factors. The influence of the Internet on young people is profound, both beneficial and bad. The network society formed by the network ultimately shapes the youth. Therefore, the cultivation of network legal literacy has become an inevitable expectation for the management of young people from all walks of life [21].


#### 2.2.1. Practical Need of Cyberspace Governance in the Internet Era

The Internet is an extension of the real society, but it does not exist independently of the real world. The network society also needs the rule of law, and the network society is also an important content and aspect of the rule of law [22, 23]. With the rapid popularization of the Internet, teenagers can transcend the constraints of time and economy, obtain the ever-changing information of The Times and humanistic scientific and technological information, absorb the essence and absorb all kinds of nutrition to develop and strengthen themselves, and also provide an important way for teenagers to obtain legal information [24]. Under the background of network informatization, all kinds of hot events provide richer and more convenient ways for college students to obtain information [25]. As the common spiritual home of hundreds of millions of people, cyberspace enables every Internet user to become a publisher of legal news and provides an important platform for teenagers to widely discuss legal issues [26]. In recent years, many of the cases that have drawn public attention have been widely known through Internet channels and triggered a large number of young people to participate in the discussion. Therefore, the cultivation of young people’s Internet legal literacy has become a necessary prerequisite for the smooth development and implementation of the rule of law [27].


#### 2.2.2. Objective Requirements of Running the University According to Law

Running schools in accordance with the law is an inevitable requirement of promoting the basic strategy of comprehensively governing the country by law and an important content of promoting the construction of education in accordance with the law. To advance the rule of law in an all-round way, we must make it specific to the schools where young people live and comprehensively promote the rule of law in schools [28]. In accordance with the requirements of the basic strategy of comprehensively implementing the rule of law, we must accelerate the process of building the educational legal system and improve the laws and regulations on socialist education with Chinese characteristics. In 2013, the competent education authorities also issued a document to clarify the objectives, requirements and main tasks of promoting school administration in accordance with the law, and put forward systematic requirements for schools to transform their management concepts, means and methods in accordance with the spirit and principles of the rule of law, which is of great significance for promoting the reform of China’s school administrative management system and internal governance mechanism [29, 30].To train the vast number of young people to form a good habit of knowing, abiding by the law, using and protecting the law in the process of using the Internet, the premise is to realize the legalization of the Internet management work for young people, so that young people clear their own obligations, rights and responsibilities should be performed. To achieve these goals, it is necessary to adopt the network service real-name system and legal management mode among the youth group.


#### 2.2.3. Strategic Arrangements for the Rule of Law

China has clearly put forward the legal goal of “governing the country by law and building a socialist country under the rule of law” at many important meetings, which indicates the country’s determination to implement the rule of law. Moreover, the CPC Central Committee has repeatedly taken the “rule of law” as the theme in the form of plenary sessions, which shows that China’s national governance level has fully realized the advantages of such a management system, and will continue to carry it forward in the concept of national governance. In particular, in the report to the 19th National Congress of the COMMUNIST Party of China, “upholding the rule of law in all respects” was included in the basic strategy of upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. This indicates that theoretical exploration and practical development in building a China under the rule of law have reached a new height.


### 2.3. Research Ideas and Methods

There are a large number of research works on media literacy both at home and abroad, and the research on media literacy has been very mature. However, due to the relatively short emergence of the Internet, the research on network media literacy is still incomplete. This study discusses and evaluates the development of digital media literacy through a two-line parallel research approach to study the content and path of media literacy cultivation in the digital environment, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the cultivation of media literacy for teenagers in the future. In addition, the research on the status of network media literacy carried out in this research is an empirical research, which starts from the analysis of survey data. Therefore, the research attribute is to put forward Suggestions on the improvement of teenagers’ network media literacy from the whole social level.


#### 2.3.1. Literature Research Method

The sources of literature research mainly include Chinese journal full-text database journal resources, CNKI, Chinese Weipu and foreign university website literature, and through the in-depth analysis and summary of the content of the literature to form a cognitive approach to the research content. By analyzing, summarizing and synthesizing the Chinese and foreign literature and periodical data, the author studies and draws lessons from the research results of legalization of adolescent Internet behavior in various disciplines at home and abroad, and puts forward targeted Suggestions for the cultivation of adolescent media literacy in combination with their psychological characteristics.


#### 2.3.2. Interdisciplinary Comprehensive Research Method

The research on the cultivation of digital media literacy and network legal literacy of teenagers covers education, management, law, communication, psychology, sociology and other disciplines. The research on the legalization of young people’s online behavior should also pay attention to the different focuses of various disciplines and integrate the research results of various disciplines to further realize the legalization of young people’s online behavior management.


#### 2.3.3. Case Questionnaire Analysis

This study randomly selected several teenagers in our province, conducted a comprehensive analysis of the status of their network media literacy through questionnaire survey, and proposed feasible countermeasures for improvement on this basis. The biggest advantage of questionnaire survey is that it can obtain the relevant psychological and behavioral information of the subjects to the greatest extent and provide objective and accurate data for the study. This study through the medium of youth network, pay attention to the investigation of the use of time, contact information and the choice of the digital resource and so on the content of the information to the analysis of current teenagers use of network media, and on the basis of this puts forward the specific content of teenagers’ media literacy cultivation and guidelines, and make specific instructions to improve youth media literacy intervention.


#### 2.3.4. Comparative Research Method

This paper collects western articles on the relationship between youth training and network ethics, conducts comparative research on Western analytical theories, in order to draw the analysis related to this article, and finds the training path of youth network ethics literacy from the comparison between China and the West, and points out my country’s youth network ethics literacy in China. Inadequate cultivation.


#### 2.3.5. Mathematical Statistics

In this study, SPSS 23.0 sociological statistical software was used to describe and analyze the data obtained from the questionnaire, and various types of data were compared and comprehensively analyzed to understand the status of the surveyed teenagers’ Internet media literacy.


## 2.1. Connotation of Network Media Literacy

After decades of development, network media literacy has developed into a concept with multiple dimensions, perspectives and meanings, so there is no clear definition [18]. Some scholars believe that Internet media literacy is an expanding information and communication skill that is born in response to the changes of social information. This view is based on the fact that teenagers must have the ability to be educated in life in the 21st century and global economic challenges. Teenagers’ Internet literacy is a concept put forward for the needs of research. This concept has not been directly used by researchers, so it can be said to be a new concept. However, there have been many studies on the perspectives related to adolescents’ cyber ethics literacy, and the research results are also quite abundant, such as the research on “information literacy,” “computer literacy,” “media literacy,” “information ability,” “digital literacy” and “electronic literacy.” In fact, these are different names for network literacy in foreign countries. The connotation of information literacy includes four aspects: information attitude and emotion, information knowledge, information ability and information morality. There are also some scholars who believe that media literacy is a child with a thousand names. They believe that the cultivation of critical use of media and cognition of media information are the core contents of the cultivation of media literacy for teenagers. More scholars generally believe that network media literacy refers to users’ correct use and effective use of network media to create and disseminate information on the basis of certain network knowledge, so as to achieve the purpose of serving individuals. These foundations can be understood as the ability to deal with various aspects of the media. These abilities include not only the cognition of media use technology, but also the critical cognition of media content and the mastery of media information transmission channels.After sorting out the existing studies, it can be found that the existing research results show the understanding of network media literacy from two categories. The first group believes that the ability to distinguish and analyze information in network media literacy is very important, and this kind of research focuses on the ability to analyze media information. The classification of the main characteristics of the dynamic performance for the media literacy, standing on the position of protectionism, content and medium for the culture of the vulgar bad for preventing violence, pornographic content or resist, these research basic media literacy is treated as a protection way of culture, but this kind of idea started in recent years were replaced by a more realistic and objective concept, namely the role of the media literacy in the positioning of the media information comprehension and participation of media information dissemination; Another point of view emphasizes the role of network media literacy in the audience’s access to and use of network information. It believes that network media is different from traditional media in that it has more professional means of obtaining information and needs special learning. Therefore, how to get information from the network becomes the most basic problem of using network media.In combination with the attributes of this study, the concept of network media literacy is redefined. It is believed that media literacy education refers to an individual’s acquired ability to deal with various kinds of media through training, cultivation and practice, and it is a systematic process of the research on media literacy cultivation of teenagers from the digital virtual perspective. “Morality is a special social phenomenon, a kind of spiritual life unique to human beings, and it is produced by adapting to the inevitable requirement of human social life to deal with the relationship between individual interests and the common interests of society. The formation and development of society are inseparable, and the formation and development of human social relations are the objective premise and direct basis for the emergence of morality.” The author believes that the basic connotation of network media literacy should include the ability to obtain network media information: the ability to correctly interpret, criticize information and the ability to produce and disseminate information. Network media literacy includes two aspects: first, the cultivation of the ability to use known information. The current social media has extended to all aspects of life, and the cultivation of media literacy is a basic ability needed to survive in this era; Second, the cognitive ability of media, including the use of media, media communication information collection, analysis and evaluation.


## 2.2. Necessity of Cultivating Teenagers’ Internet Legal Literacy in the Internet Era

Under the background of the development of society and the deepening of legal system reform, people have gradually reached consensus on the concept of the rule of law [19, 20]. The higher the recognition degree of teenagers to network law, the closer the realization of network legalization will be. The rapid development of the Internet has an increasingly important impact on all aspects of human social life. In today’s information age, Internet access has become a must and a fashion. Among the huge network groups, teenagers account for a large proportion. And it is gradually increasing. The openness of the Internet has greatly helped the improvement of young people’s learning efficiency, but also brought risk factors. The influence of the Internet on young people is profound, both beneficial and bad. The network society formed by the network ultimately shapes the youth. Therefore, the cultivation of network legal literacy has become an inevitable expectation for the management of young people from all walks of life [21].


### 2.2.1. Practical Need of Cyberspace Governance in the Internet Era

The Internet is an extension of the real society, but it does not exist independently of the real world. The network society also needs the rule of law, and the network society is also an important content and aspect of the rule of law [22, 23]. With the rapid popularization of the Internet, teenagers can transcend the constraints of time and economy, obtain the ever-changing information of The Times and humanistic scientific and technological information, absorb the essence and absorb all kinds of nutrition to develop and strengthen themselves, and also provide an important way for teenagers to obtain legal information [24]. Under the background of network informatization, all kinds of hot events provide richer and more convenient ways for college students to obtain information [25]. As the common spiritual home of hundreds of millions of people, cyberspace enables every Internet user to become a publisher of legal news and provides an important platform for teenagers to widely discuss legal issues [26]. In recent years, many of the cases that have drawn public attention have been widely known through Internet channels and triggered a large number of young people to participate in the discussion. Therefore, the cultivation of young people’s Internet legal literacy has become a necessary prerequisite for the smooth development and implementation of the rule of law [27].


### 2.2.2. Objective Requirements of Running the University According to Law

Running schools in accordance with the law is an inevitable requirement of promoting the basic strategy of comprehensively governing the country by law and an important content of promoting the construction of education in accordance with the law. To advance the rule of law in an all-round way, we must make it specific to the schools where young people live and comprehensively promote the rule of law in schools [28]. In accordance with the requirements of the basic strategy of comprehensively implementing the rule of law, we must accelerate the process of building the educational legal system and improve the laws and regulations on socialist education with Chinese characteristics. In 2013, the competent education authorities also issued a document to clarify the objectives, requirements and main tasks of promoting school administration in accordance with the law, and put forward systematic requirements for schools to transform their management concepts, means and methods in accordance with the spirit and principles of the rule of law, which is of great significance for promoting the reform of China’s school administrative management system and internal governance mechanism [29, 30].To train the vast number of young people to form a good habit of knowing, abiding by the law, using and protecting the law in the process of using the Internet, the premise is to realize the legalization of the Internet management work for young people, so that young people clear their own obligations, rights and responsibilities should be performed. To achieve these goals, it is necessary to adopt the network service real-name system and legal management mode among the youth group.


### 2.2.3. Strategic Arrangements for the Rule of Law

China has clearly put forward the legal goal of “governing the country by law and building a socialist country under the rule of law” at many important meetings, which indicates the country’s determination to implement the rule of law. Moreover, the CPC Central Committee has repeatedly taken the “rule of law” as the theme in the form of plenary sessions, which shows that China’s national governance level has fully realized the advantages of such a management system, and will continue to carry it forward in the concept of national governance. In particular, in the report to the 19th National Congress of the COMMUNIST Party of China, “upholding the rule of law in all respects” was included in the basic strategy of upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. This indicates that theoretical exploration and practical development in building a China under the rule of law have reached a new height.


## 2.2.1. Practical Need of Cyberspace Governance in the Internet Era

The Internet is an extension of the real society, but it does not exist independently of the real world. The network society also needs the rule of law, and the network society is also an important content and aspect of the rule of law [22, 23]. With the rapid popularization of the Internet, teenagers can transcend the constraints of time and economy, obtain the ever-changing information of The Times and humanistic scientific and technological information, absorb the essence and absorb all kinds of nutrition to develop and strengthen themselves, and also provide an important way for teenagers to obtain legal information [24]. Under the background of network informatization, all kinds of hot events provide richer and more convenient ways for college students to obtain information [25]. As the common spiritual home of hundreds of millions of people, cyberspace enables every Internet user to become a publisher of legal news and provides an important platform for teenagers to widely discuss legal issues [26]. In recent years, many of the cases that have drawn public attention have been widely known through Internet channels and triggered a large number of young people to participate in the discussion. Therefore, the cultivation of young people’s Internet legal literacy has become a necessary prerequisite for the smooth development and implementation of the rule of law [27].


## 2.2.2. Objective Requirements of Running the University According to Law

Running schools in accordance with the law is an inevitable requirement of promoting the basic strategy of comprehensively governing the country by law and an important content of promoting the construction of education in accordance with the law. To advance the rule of law in an all-round way, we must make it specific to the schools where young people live and comprehensively promote the rule of law in schools [28]. In accordance with the requirements of the basic strategy of comprehensively implementing the rule of law, we must accelerate the process of building the educational legal system and improve the laws and regulations on socialist education with Chinese characteristics. In 2013, the competent education authorities also issued a document to clarify the objectives, requirements and main tasks of promoting school administration in accordance with the law, and put forward systematic requirements for schools to transform their management concepts, means and methods in accordance with the spirit and principles of the rule of law, which is of great significance for promoting the reform of China’s school administrative management system and internal governance mechanism [29, 30].To train the vast number of young people to form a good habit of knowing, abiding by the law, using and protecting the law in the process of using the Internet, the premise is to realize the legalization of the Internet management work for young people, so that young people clear their own obligations, rights and responsibilities should be performed. To achieve these goals, it is necessary to adopt the network service real-name system and legal management mode among the youth group.


## 2.2.3. Strategic Arrangements for the Rule of Law

China has clearly put forward the legal goal of “governing the country by law and building a socialist country under the rule of law” at many important meetings, which indicates the country’s determination to implement the rule of law. Moreover, the CPC Central Committee has repeatedly taken the “rule of law” as the theme in the form of plenary sessions, which shows that China’s national governance level has fully realized the advantages of such a management system, and will continue to carry it forward in the concept of national governance. In particular, in the report to the 19th National Congress of the COMMUNIST Party of China, “upholding the rule of law in all respects” was included in the basic strategy of upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. This indicates that theoretical exploration and practical development in building a China under the rule of law have reached a new height.


## 2.3. Research Ideas and Methods

There are a large number of research works on media literacy both at home and abroad, and the research on media literacy has been very mature. However, due to the relatively short emergence of the Internet, the research on network media literacy is still incomplete. This study discusses and evaluates the development of digital media literacy through a two-line parallel research approach to study the content and path of media literacy cultivation in the digital environment, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the cultivation of media literacy for teenagers in the future. In addition, the research on the status of network media literacy carried out in this research is an empirical research, which starts from the analysis of survey data. Therefore, the research attribute is to put forward Suggestions on the improvement of teenagers’ network media literacy from the whole social level.


### 2.3.1. Literature Research Method

The sources of literature research mainly include Chinese journal full-text database journal resources, CNKI, Chinese Weipu and foreign university website literature, and through the in-depth analysis and summary of the content of the literature to form a cognitive approach to the research content. By analyzing, summarizing and synthesizing the Chinese and foreign literature and periodical data, the author studies and draws lessons from the research results of legalization of adolescent Internet behavior in various disciplines at home and abroad, and puts forward targeted Suggestions for the cultivation of adolescent media literacy in combination with their psychological characteristics.


### 2.3.2. Interdisciplinary Comprehensive Research Method

The research on the cultivation of digital media literacy and network legal literacy of teenagers covers education, management, law, communication, psychology, sociology and other disciplines. The research on the legalization of young people’s online behavior should also pay attention to the different focuses of various disciplines and integrate the research results of various disciplines to further realize the legalization of young people’s online behavior management.


### 2.3.3. Case Questionnaire Analysis

This study randomly selected several teenagers in our province, conducted a comprehensive analysis of the status of their network media literacy through questionnaire survey, and proposed feasible countermeasures for improvement on this basis. The biggest advantage of questionnaire survey is that it can obtain the relevant psychological and behavioral information of the subjects to the greatest extent and provide objective and accurate data for the study. This study through the medium of youth network, pay attention to the investigation of the use of time, contact information and the choice of the digital resource and so on the content of the information to the analysis of current teenagers use of network media, and on the basis of this puts forward the specific content of teenagers’ media literacy cultivation and guidelines, and make specific instructions to improve youth media literacy intervention.


### 2.3.4. Comparative Research Method

This paper collects western articles on the relationship between youth training and network ethics, conducts comparative research on Western analytical theories, in order to draw the analysis related to this article, and finds the training path of youth network ethics literacy from the comparison between China and the West, and points out my country’s youth network ethics literacy in China. Inadequate cultivation.


### 2.3.5. Mathematical Statistics

In this study, SPSS 23.0 sociological statistical software was used to describe and analyze the data obtained from the questionnaire, and various types of data were compared and comprehensively analyzed to understand the status of the surveyed teenagers’ Internet media literacy.


## 2.3.1. Literature Research Method

The sources of literature research mainly include Chinese journal full-text database journal resources, CNKI, Chinese Weipu and foreign university website literature, and through the in-depth analysis and summary of the content of the literature to form a cognitive approach to the research content. By analyzing, summarizing and synthesizing the Chinese and foreign literature and periodical data, the author studies and draws lessons from the research results of legalization of adolescent Internet behavior in various disciplines at home and abroad, and puts forward targeted Suggestions for the cultivation of adolescent media literacy in combination with their psychological characteristics.


## 2.3.2. Interdisciplinary Comprehensive Research Method

The research on the cultivation of digital media literacy and network legal literacy of teenagers covers education, management, law, communication, psychology, sociology and other disciplines. The research on the legalization of young people’s online behavior should also pay attention to the different focuses of various disciplines and integrate the research results of various disciplines to further realize the legalization of young people’s online behavior management.


## 2.3.3. Case Questionnaire Analysis

This study randomly selected several teenagers in our province, conducted a comprehensive analysis of the status of their network media literacy through questionnaire survey, and proposed feasible countermeasures for improvement on this basis. The biggest advantage of questionnaire survey is that it can obtain the relevant psychological and behavioral information of the subjects to the greatest extent and provide objective and accurate data for the study. This study through the medium of youth network, pay attention to the investigation of the use of time, contact information and the choice of the digital resource and so on the content of the information to the analysis of current teenagers use of network media, and on the basis of this puts forward the specific content of teenagers’ media literacy cultivation and guidelines, and make specific instructions to improve youth media literacy intervention.


## 2.3.4. Comparative Research Method

This paper collects western articles on the relationship between youth training and network ethics, conducts comparative research on Western analytical theories, in order to draw the analysis related to this article, and finds the training path of youth network ethics literacy from the comparison between China and the West, and points out my country’s youth network ethics literacy in China. Inadequate cultivation.


## 2.3.5. Mathematical Statistics

In this study, SPSS 23.0 sociological statistical software was used to describe and analyze the data obtained from the questionnaire, and various types of data were compared and comprehensively analyzed to understand the status of the surveyed teenagers’ Internet media literacy.


## 3. Survey on Internet Media Literacy Education for Teenagers

### 3.1. Purpose and Form of Investigation

The purpose of this survey is to improve the media literacy of teenagers, so that they can make more reasonable use of Internet media, thus setting up a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values, so that they can have a clearer understanding of Internet media and grow up healthily and happily under the background of Internet culture. At present, the current situation of adolescents’ online ethics literacy is not optimistic. The phenomenon of adolescents’ online behavior anomie is more common, and it is also reflected in the gender difference between men and women. Girls perform better than boys. This paper uses a descriptive exploratory research method to propose a feasible path choice for solving the problems existing in the cultivation of young people’s Internet literacy, and build its corresponding cultivation mechanism. This research is mainly to analyze and grasp the real status of the current network media literacy of teenagers through the form of questionnaire, and then to study and analyze the existing problems and causes of the media literacy of teenagers, so as to put forward more practical countermeasures and Suggestions.


### 3.2. Selection of Survey Objects

According to the “Medium-and long-term Youth Development Plan (2016–2025)” initiated by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, the age range of young people is limited to 14 to 35. According to academic tradition and actual research needs, the lower limit is 18 years old and the upper limit is 30 years old. In this study, 315 people and 225 social youth, a total of 540 people, were randomly selected from major universities in Our province, and this was taken as the survey sample to try to understand the actual situation of the media literacy of teenagers at present. At the same time, some respondents were interviewed randomly in the process of the survey, so as to better analyze the current status of media literacy of teenagers and the respondents’ understanding and thoughts on media literacy with better auxiliary data. The basic information of the respondents is shown in Table1.Table 1
Basic information of respondents.
ItemOptionsSample sizeAge18–2011221–2315424–2617227–30102GenderMale296Female244Education backgroundSenior high school and below127Junior college225University degree165Postgraduate and above23


### 3.3. Survey Implementation

Questionnaires were distributed through the combination of online questionnaires and offline questionnaires. Off-line questionnaires were distributed and collected on-site by the executive staff of this study. Online questionnaires were conducted in the form of “star questionnaire,” expressing gratitude to the respondents who answered the questions carefully, in exchange for the quality of the answers meeting the research standards. After all questionnaires were recovered, quality inspection was carried out on the recovered questionnaires. It was found that 37 questionnaires were excluded due to logic errors and missing selection, etc. The effective number of the final questionnaires was 503, and the overall recovery rate was 93.15%. In general, the sample in this survey has a relatively comprehensive coverage of age level and knowledge structure background. The sample structure is relatively scientific and reasonable, and the data in the research report has authenticity and reliability.


## 3.1. Purpose and Form of Investigation

The purpose of this survey is to improve the media literacy of teenagers, so that they can make more reasonable use of Internet media, thus setting up a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values, so that they can have a clearer understanding of Internet media and grow up healthily and happily under the background of Internet culture. At present, the current situation of adolescents’ online ethics literacy is not optimistic. The phenomenon of adolescents’ online behavior anomie is more common, and it is also reflected in the gender difference between men and women. Girls perform better than boys. This paper uses a descriptive exploratory research method to propose a feasible path choice for solving the problems existing in the cultivation of young people’s Internet literacy, and build its corresponding cultivation mechanism. This research is mainly to analyze and grasp the real status of the current network media literacy of teenagers through the form of questionnaire, and then to study and analyze the existing problems and causes of the media literacy of teenagers, so as to put forward more practical countermeasures and Suggestions.


## 3.2. Selection of Survey Objects

According to the “Medium-and long-term Youth Development Plan (2016–2025)” initiated by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, the age range of young people is limited to 14 to 35. According to academic tradition and actual research needs, the lower limit is 18 years old and the upper limit is 30 years old. In this study, 315 people and 225 social youth, a total of 540 people, were randomly selected from major universities in Our province, and this was taken as the survey sample to try to understand the actual situation of the media literacy of teenagers at present. At the same time, some respondents were interviewed randomly in the process of the survey, so as to better analyze the current status of media literacy of teenagers and the respondents’ understanding and thoughts on media literacy with better auxiliary data. The basic information of the respondents is shown in Table1.Table 1
Basic information of respondents.
ItemOptionsSample sizeAge18–2011221–2315424–2617227–30102GenderMale296Female244Education backgroundSenior high school and below127Junior college225University degree165Postgraduate and above23


## 3.3. Survey Implementation

Questionnaires were distributed through the combination of online questionnaires and offline questionnaires. Off-line questionnaires were distributed and collected on-site by the executive staff of this study. Online questionnaires were conducted in the form of “star questionnaire,” expressing gratitude to the respondents who answered the questions carefully, in exchange for the quality of the answers meeting the research standards. After all questionnaires were recovered, quality inspection was carried out on the recovered questionnaires. It was found that 37 questionnaires were excluded due to logic errors and missing selection, etc. The effective number of the final questionnaires was 503, and the overall recovery rate was 93.15%. In general, the sample in this survey has a relatively comprehensive coverage of age level and knowledge structure background. The sample structure is relatively scientific and reasonable, and the data in the research report has authenticity and reliability.


## 4. Survey Results and Analysis

### 4.1. Survey Results

This paper will analyze the current situation of media literacy of teenagers from four dimensions, namely, the popularity, purpose, duration and abstinence of digital media.


#### 4.1.1. Popularity of Digital Media among Young People

The results of the survey on the usage preference of digital media are shown in Table2 and Figure 1. According to the feedback data from the questionnaire results, 42.94% of teenagers choose to use mobile phones and 34.19% choose to use computers and tablet computers in their choice of media. The total number of newspapers, magazines and extra-curricular books is only 3.98%. This situation shows that teenagers tend to use paper media far less than digital media. Externalization is reflected in their desire to use digital media more in their daily lives, which is also the driving force to cultivate their media literacy.Table 2
Survey results of digital media usage preference.
Product categoryFrequencyProportion (%)Mobile phone21642.94TV418.15Computers, tablets17234.19Newspaper, magazine203.98Extracurricular books295.77Other254.97Figure 1
Survey results of digital media usage preferences.


#### 4.1.2. Purpose of Accessing the Internet

The results of the survey on teenagers’ Internet usage are shown in Table3 and Figure 2. As can be seen from the figure, the most common purpose of the survey respondents is to search for information, and 42.94% of college students do so. Then there’s chatting, gaming, and browsing in general, and we found that 5% of people do it for blogging, which is unusual in previous data. People’s access to Internet media is based on certain needs. For example, looking up information, chatting and making friends, playing games and entertainment, etc., so this is also true for teenagers who are the majority of today’s Internet users.Table 3
Results of the survey on teenagers’ Internet usage.
Application aimFrequencyProportion (%)Data access10220.28Chat with friends11222.27Receive mail5110.14Browse video10420.68Play a game13226.24Blogging20.40Figure 2
Results of the survey on teenagers’ Internet usage.


#### 4.1.3. Survey Results of Daily Usage Hours

The results of the survey on daily usage time of adolescents are shown in Table4 and Figure 3. As can be seen from the chart, the number of teenagers who spend 1–3 hours in daily media exposure is the highest, accounting for 47.91%. The second was 4–6 hours, accounting for 32.01%; Very close to the proportion of less than 1 hour is more than 6 hours, accounting for 12.33% and 7.75% respectively. It can be seen that most teenagers use media for 1–3 hours a day, which is within a reasonable range.Table 4
Survey results of daily hours used by adolescents.
Duration of useFrequencyProportion (%)Less than 1 hour6212.331–3 hours24147.914 to 6 hours16132.01Over 6 hours397.75Figure 3
Survey results of daily hours used by adolescents.


#### 4.1.4. Teenagers’ Restrained Use of Virtual Network

The results of the survey on whether teenagers have enough self-control to refrain from using virtual network are shown in Figure4. It can be found from the figure that, regardless of the total number of people, or stratified by age, nearly 70% of the teenagers fail to have access to the Internet and mobile phones except for normal study and use. This shows that virtual network has become an important part of teenagers’ life. They have entered the normal life of teenagers and are still developing in an orderly way. If used properly, it can guide people to learn and lead young people to grow up more healthily. But if addicted to the network, it will have a strong attraction to the youth, and even cause the youth to degenerate.Figure 4
Survey results on whether adolescents have adequate capacity for self-restraint.To sum up, a considerable number of teenagers have a certain degree of network literacy, they have a good subject consciousness, have a basic understanding of bad information, can identify bad information and the ability to prevent deception, and can recognize that network literacy is important in personal growth. It is hoped and actively used to improve their network literacy through various means. However, many young people have a vague understanding of the Internet and hold an indifferent attitude. The lack of knowledge is obvious, and there are also shortcomings in the practice of Internet ethics. They have not yet formed an attitude to actively learn Internet literacy knowledge. The authors must attach great importance to this reality, recognize the necessity and urgency of cultivating young people’s Internet literacy, and then consciously improve the consciousness of young people’s Internet education, and give full play to the leading role of school education in cultivating young people’s Internet literacy, so as to help them in the future. A solid foundation is laid for healthy growth and success in the online world.


### 4.2. Analysis of the Current Situation of Teenagers’ Internet Media Literacy

Through the above analysis and summary of the questionnaire results, we have a clearer and deeper understanding of the state of Internet media literacy of teenagers, and this situation also points out the specific direction for our further development of Internet media literacy education.According to the data obtained from the survey, although the main source of information received by teenagers is the virtual network, their trust in the virtual network content is lower than that of traditional media. When judging information from different sources, teens were more likely to believe information published by the government or the news media. The revelation of unknown persons can also be treated with an objective and rational attitude. Thus it can be seen that most of the teenagers know how to choose and judge when facing the network information.As a large audience group of network media, young students have frequent contact with network media and long time of using network media. When they get in touch with Internet media, most teenagers basically have a clear purpose. Some of them look up information, some chat, play games, and some write blogs. In addition, in the interview process, I learned that many teenagers play online games, chat and make friends, post blogs and other behaviors in contact with the Internet. They are ambivalent and very entangled. Hate and love the network media, can not get rid of and do not want to get rid of, always unconsciously. The existence of everything has two sides, the influence of the network on people is no exception, there are positive and negative. However, due to the immature psychology and physiology of teenagers, sometimes they cannot avoid the negative impact brought by the Internet. Young people have low social experience, imperfect will, poor ability to distinguish right from wrong, and are easily affected by unhealthy things on the Internet media. Young people are the future of the motherland, are the builders and successors of socialism, strengthen their education is particularly important. Then choosing the appropriate educational content is a very important issue. The content of the moral education curriculum in the past is too outdated, lacks a sense of the times, and cannot respond to the new situations and new problems in the network society in a timely manner, and sometimes even causes students’ resentment and resistance., thus making them lose interest in learning. With the further impact of informatization on traditional morality, more and more obvious changes have taken place in the field of youth network literacy. Therefore, according to the changes of the situation, when the school adheres to the principle of pluralistic education in the aspect of online ethics education, it should also teach some basic and universal things to the young people, and keep the same as the original.According to the survey data, more than a quarter of respondents believe that Internet media has a great influence on their life and study, and mobile phones account for more than a sixth. With the promotion and popularization of 5G wireless network, the number of people using mobile phones to surf the Internet will increase day by day. Internet media provides a free field for expression of opinions, but the freedom of cyberspace also gives rise to problems such as cyber violence. It can be seen from the study that the Internet has become a place for some teenagers to express their emotions, but most of them say that although they can express their emotions, they will not attack others and participate in online violence at will. It can be seen that teenagers enjoy greater freedom in online media, but most of them have certain self-restraint ability.In general, most teenagers have basic network media literacy skills, but they better understanding is not enough for the content of the network media literacy, the former youth media literacy status quo is not optimistic, are worth pondering, necessary to have further study, the teenagers’ media literacy education is urgent. In such an open online world, teenagers should strengthen the cultivation of online ethical literacy. Only in this way can they not follow the trend. The way is to form correct values. With the guidance of correct values, can they not lose themselves in the virtual online world. There is not only one correct value, all roads lead to Rome, there may be multiple judgments when faced with ethical dilemmas, and they may all be correct, but there is only one core value, people live in a specific environment, a country The basic national conditions of a person are the soil in which a person’s correct values are formed. The national spirit with patriotism as the core and the spirit of the times with reform and innovation as the core are our correct core value pursuit, because it can best reflect the spiritual state of the era we live in.


### 4.3. Analysis of the Cultivation Mode of Legal Consciousness in Media Literacy

At present, the problems and deficiencies of young people in our country in terms of Internet literacy mainly include the following aspects: young people lack the intrinsic motivation of self-cultivation; the teaching conditions for Internet ethics literacy are not perfect; Internet laws and regulations are not perfect; family, as the carrier of inheriting the essence of traditional ethics, Failed to play the role of cultivating the basic ethics of young people.In order to make judgments, there must be corresponding judgment standards. A good evaluation standard not only has a guiding role, but also reflects the effect of things. In order to better serve the improvement of young people’s Internet literacy, corresponding network literacy should also be established. The purpose of the index system is to judge and measure its value and merit with a value evaluation standard that can be recognized by the public. The establishment of the index system must follow certain principles to organize and select, so as to make it more scientific and rational.


#### 4.3.1. Cultivate Young People’s Critical Attitude Towards Digital Media

Information is an important resource for the existence and development of individuals, organizations and society in the era of virtual network. The producers and disseminators of information often inject their own will and subjective views, which affect the comprehensiveness and objectivity of media citizens’ information acquisition. When it comes to the core competence needed in the digital media era, the surveyed teenagers can also realize that critical inheritance is the key to the cultivation of media literacy among them.The development of critical skills can not only help teenagers to view the messy digital information objectively, but also help them to solve practical problems. Therefore, teenagers should enhance in the selection of media information, the judgment and recognition ability, pay attention to cultivate their critical thinking of the new media information, learn to look at the view of media information, it seems to most teenagers to question, critical thinking and problem solving are inseparable, and add up to is in the new era of global knowledge economy for the first key ability, this is youth to actively participate in the key to education reform.


#### 4.3.2. Colleges and Universities shall Establish Law Enforcement Mechanism for Juvenile Management

All kinds of colleges and universities are the key stage for teenagers to consolidate and finalize their world outlook, outlook on life and values. The internal educational administrative law enforcement in the management of college students is an internal administrative function department in colleges and universities, which manages student affairs in accordance with the statutory and prescribed powers and procedures. It has its own particularity, which comes from the autonomy of colleges and universities. Therefore, the administrative law enforcement of higher education should form its own law enforcement characteristics under the basic principles and requirements of the rule of law. As the implementers of online ethics education for teenagers, teachers themselves must have a deep understanding of the content and characteristics of online quality education, carry out teaching in a way suitable for teenagers, continuously improve teenagers’ online literacy, and internalize this literacy into their inner literacy. Action guide.The construction of law enforcement mechanism mainly focuses on educational administrative law enforcement, which includes the following four aspects: First, law enforcement is an administrative act that influences the rights and obligations of relevant subjects; Second, the process of law enforcement is the implementation and implementation of national laws and regulations and school rules and regulations. Third, law enforcement activities and procedures must be strictly implemented in accordance with legal procedures, and in accordance with the provisions of state laws and regulations; Fourth, from the perspective of colleges and universities to explore the construction of educational administrative law enforcement mechanism.


#### 4.3.3. Carry Out in-Depth Publicity within the Social Scope

In the theoretical framework of sociology, people communicate with each other in a certain group, that is, the way people interact with each other guides people’s behaviors. Then in the network society this large group, the lack of network legal consciousness norms. The more effective way to cultivate the social network legal consciousness is publicity, which is inseparable from the government’s leading and support, especially the operation supported by the government or political groups.When the society undertakes propagandize, want to notice the task of two points at the same time. First, it requires people to respond to and criticize the received information, and at the same time according to their own needs, rather than blindly following. Second, the free and personalized platform provided by the network society does not mean that people can do whatever they want in the network society. The legal system and norms in the real society should be equally useful in the network society. In addition, the cultivation of network legal awareness in the society should take into account the overall social environment and the nature of groups and other factors, and implement targeted cultivation methods in order to achieve the predicted effect.


#### 4.3.4. The Government should Create a Good Network Media Education Environment

From the perspective of political structure, China is a society with relatively concentrated power, and governments at all levels have great power, while media literacy education is just a social system project, which needs the cooperation and support from all aspects of society. Therefore, the government is the key to promoting media literacy education in China. The government with public power can undertake the task of effectively allocating, integrating and utilizing social resources to carry out network media literacy education. In most countries with more developed media literacy, the importance of government as the leading force in media literacy education is obvious. Therefore, the Chinese government should also put the Internet media literacy education into the agenda of the work of the Party and government, supervise and summarize its development in a planned way to ensure its development effect.


## 4.1. Survey Results

This paper will analyze the current situation of media literacy of teenagers from four dimensions, namely, the popularity, purpose, duration and abstinence of digital media.


### 4.1.1. Popularity of Digital Media among Young People

The results of the survey on the usage preference of digital media are shown in Table2 and Figure 1. According to the feedback data from the questionnaire results, 42.94% of teenagers choose to use mobile phones and 34.19% choose to use computers and tablet computers in their choice of media. The total number of newspapers, magazines and extra-curricular books is only 3.98%. This situation shows that teenagers tend to use paper media far less than digital media. Externalization is reflected in their desire to use digital media more in their daily lives, which is also the driving force to cultivate their media literacy.Table 2
Survey results of digital media usage preference.
Product categoryFrequencyProportion (%)Mobile phone21642.94TV418.15Computers, tablets17234.19Newspaper, magazine203.98Extracurricular books295.77Other254.97Figure 1
Survey results of digital media usage preferences.


### 4.1.2. Purpose of Accessing the Internet

The results of the survey on teenagers’ Internet usage are shown in Table3 and Figure 2. As can be seen from the figure, the most common purpose of the survey respondents is to search for information, and 42.94% of college students do so. Then there’s chatting, gaming, and browsing in general, and we found that 5% of people do it for blogging, which is unusual in previous data. People’s access to Internet media is based on certain needs. For example, looking up information, chatting and making friends, playing games and entertainment, etc., so this is also true for teenagers who are the majority of today’s Internet users.Table 3
Results of the survey on teenagers’ Internet usage.
Application aimFrequencyProportion (%)Data access10220.28Chat with friends11222.27Receive mail5110.14Browse video10420.68Play a game13226.24Blogging20.40Figure 2
Results of the survey on teenagers’ Internet usage.


### 4.1.3. Survey Results of Daily Usage Hours

The results of the survey on daily usage time of adolescents are shown in Table4 and Figure 3. As can be seen from the chart, the number of teenagers who spend 1–3 hours in daily media exposure is the highest, accounting for 47.91%. The second was 4–6 hours, accounting for 32.01%; Very close to the proportion of less than 1 hour is more than 6 hours, accounting for 12.33% and 7.75% respectively. It can be seen that most teenagers use media for 1–3 hours a day, which is within a reasonable range.Table 4
Survey results of daily hours used by adolescents.
Duration of useFrequencyProportion (%)Less than 1 hour6212.331–3 hours24147.914 to 6 hours16132.01Over 6 hours397.75Figure 3
Survey results of daily hours used by adolescents.


### 4.1.4. Teenagers’ Restrained Use of Virtual Network

The results of the survey on whether teenagers have enough self-control to refrain from using virtual network are shown in Figure4. It can be found from the figure that, regardless of the total number of people, or stratified by age, nearly 70% of the teenagers fail to have access to the Internet and mobile phones except for normal study and use. This shows that virtual network has become an important part of teenagers’ life. They have entered the normal life of teenagers and are still developing in an orderly way. If used properly, it can guide people to learn and lead young people to grow up more healthily. But if addicted to the network, it will have a strong attraction to the youth, and even cause the youth to degenerate.Figure 4
Survey results on whether adolescents have adequate capacity for self-restraint.To sum up, a considerable number of teenagers have a certain degree of network literacy, they have a good subject consciousness, have a basic understanding of bad information, can identify bad information and the ability to prevent deception, and can recognize that network literacy is important in personal growth. It is hoped and actively used to improve their network literacy through various means. However, many young people have a vague understanding of the Internet and hold an indifferent attitude. The lack of knowledge is obvious, and there are also shortcomings in the practice of Internet ethics. They have not yet formed an attitude to actively learn Internet literacy knowledge. The authors must attach great importance to this reality, recognize the necessity and urgency of cultivating young people’s Internet literacy, and then consciously improve the consciousness of young people’s Internet education, and give full play to the leading role of school education in cultivating young people’s Internet literacy, so as to help them in the future. A solid foundation is laid for healthy growth and success in the online world.


## 4.1.1. Popularity of Digital Media among Young People

The results of the survey on the usage preference of digital media are shown in Table2 and Figure 1. According to the feedback data from the questionnaire results, 42.94% of teenagers choose to use mobile phones and 34.19% choose to use computers and tablet computers in their choice of media. The total number of newspapers, magazines and extra-curricular books is only 3.98%. This situation shows that teenagers tend to use paper media far less than digital media. Externalization is reflected in their desire to use digital media more in their daily lives, which is also the driving force to cultivate their media literacy.Table 2
Survey results of digital media usage preference.
Product categoryFrequencyProportion (%)Mobile phone21642.94TV418.15Computers, tablets17234.19Newspaper, magazine203.98Extracurricular books295.77Other254.97Figure 1
Survey results of digital media usage preferences.


## 4.1.2. Purpose of Accessing the Internet

The results of the survey on teenagers’ Internet usage are shown in Table3 and Figure 2. As can be seen from the figure, the most common purpose of the survey respondents is to search for information, and 42.94% of college students do so. Then there’s chatting, gaming, and browsing in general, and we found that 5% of people do it for blogging, which is unusual in previous data. People’s access to Internet media is based on certain needs. For example, looking up information, chatting and making friends, playing games and entertainment, etc., so this is also true for teenagers who are the majority of today’s Internet users.Table 3
Results of the survey on teenagers’ Internet usage.
Application aimFrequencyProportion (%)Data access10220.28Chat with friends11222.27Receive mail5110.14Browse video10420.68Play a game13226.24Blogging20.40Figure 2
Results of the survey on teenagers’ Internet usage.


## 4.1.3. Survey Results of Daily Usage Hours

The results of the survey on daily usage time of adolescents are shown in Table4 and Figure 3. As can be seen from the chart, the number of teenagers who spend 1–3 hours in daily media exposure is the highest, accounting for 47.91%. The second was 4–6 hours, accounting for 32.01%; Very close to the proportion of less than 1 hour is more than 6 hours, accounting for 12.33% and 7.75% respectively. It can be seen that most teenagers use media for 1–3 hours a day, which is within a reasonable range.Table 4
Survey results of daily hours used by adolescents.
Duration of useFrequencyProportion (%)Less than 1 hour6212.331–3 hours24147.914 to 6 hours16132.01Over 6 hours397.75Figure 3
Survey results of daily hours used by adolescents.


## 4.1.4. Teenagers’ Restrained Use of Virtual Network

The results of the survey on whether teenagers have enough self-control to refrain from using virtual network are shown in Figure4. It can be found from the figure that, regardless of the total number of people, or stratified by age, nearly 70% of the teenagers fail to have access to the Internet and mobile phones except for normal study and use. This shows that virtual network has become an important part of teenagers’ life. They have entered the normal life of teenagers and are still developing in an orderly way. If used properly, it can guide people to learn and lead young people to grow up more healthily. But if addicted to the network, it will have a strong attraction to the youth, and even cause the youth to degenerate.Figure 4
Survey results on whether adolescents have adequate capacity for self-restraint.To sum up, a considerable number of teenagers have a certain degree of network literacy, they have a good subject consciousness, have a basic understanding of bad information, can identify bad information and the ability to prevent deception, and can recognize that network literacy is important in personal growth. It is hoped and actively used to improve their network literacy through various means. However, many young people have a vague understanding of the Internet and hold an indifferent attitude. The lack of knowledge is obvious, and there are also shortcomings in the practice of Internet ethics. They have not yet formed an attitude to actively learn Internet literacy knowledge. The authors must attach great importance to this reality, recognize the necessity and urgency of cultivating young people’s Internet literacy, and then consciously improve the consciousness of young people’s Internet education, and give full play to the leading role of school education in cultivating young people’s Internet literacy, so as to help them in the future. A solid foundation is laid for healthy growth and success in the online world.


## 4.2. Analysis of the Current Situation of Teenagers’ Internet Media Literacy

Through the above analysis and summary of the questionnaire results, we have a clearer and deeper understanding of the state of Internet media literacy of teenagers, and this situation also points out the specific direction for our further development of Internet media literacy education.According to the data obtained from the survey, although the main source of information received by teenagers is the virtual network, their trust in the virtual network content is lower than that of traditional media. When judging information from different sources, teens were more likely to believe information published by the government or the news media. The revelation of unknown persons can also be treated with an objective and rational attitude. Thus it can be seen that most of the teenagers know how to choose and judge when facing the network information.As a large audience group of network media, young students have frequent contact with network media and long time of using network media. When they get in touch with Internet media, most teenagers basically have a clear purpose. Some of them look up information, some chat, play games, and some write blogs. In addition, in the interview process, I learned that many teenagers play online games, chat and make friends, post blogs and other behaviors in contact with the Internet. They are ambivalent and very entangled. Hate and love the network media, can not get rid of and do not want to get rid of, always unconsciously. The existence of everything has two sides, the influence of the network on people is no exception, there are positive and negative. However, due to the immature psychology and physiology of teenagers, sometimes they cannot avoid the negative impact brought by the Internet. Young people have low social experience, imperfect will, poor ability to distinguish right from wrong, and are easily affected by unhealthy things on the Internet media. Young people are the future of the motherland, are the builders and successors of socialism, strengthen their education is particularly important. Then choosing the appropriate educational content is a very important issue. The content of the moral education curriculum in the past is too outdated, lacks a sense of the times, and cannot respond to the new situations and new problems in the network society in a timely manner, and sometimes even causes students’ resentment and resistance., thus making them lose interest in learning. With the further impact of informatization on traditional morality, more and more obvious changes have taken place in the field of youth network literacy. Therefore, according to the changes of the situation, when the school adheres to the principle of pluralistic education in the aspect of online ethics education, it should also teach some basic and universal things to the young people, and keep the same as the original.According to the survey data, more than a quarter of respondents believe that Internet media has a great influence on their life and study, and mobile phones account for more than a sixth. With the promotion and popularization of 5G wireless network, the number of people using mobile phones to surf the Internet will increase day by day. Internet media provides a free field for expression of opinions, but the freedom of cyberspace also gives rise to problems such as cyber violence. It can be seen from the study that the Internet has become a place for some teenagers to express their emotions, but most of them say that although they can express their emotions, they will not attack others and participate in online violence at will. It can be seen that teenagers enjoy greater freedom in online media, but most of them have certain self-restraint ability.In general, most teenagers have basic network media literacy skills, but they better understanding is not enough for the content of the network media literacy, the former youth media literacy status quo is not optimistic, are worth pondering, necessary to have further study, the teenagers’ media literacy education is urgent. In such an open online world, teenagers should strengthen the cultivation of online ethical literacy. Only in this way can they not follow the trend. The way is to form correct values. With the guidance of correct values, can they not lose themselves in the virtual online world. There is not only one correct value, all roads lead to Rome, there may be multiple judgments when faced with ethical dilemmas, and they may all be correct, but there is only one core value, people live in a specific environment, a country The basic national conditions of a person are the soil in which a person’s correct values are formed. The national spirit with patriotism as the core and the spirit of the times with reform and innovation as the core are our correct core value pursuit, because it can best reflect the spiritual state of the era we live in.


## 4.3. Analysis of the Cultivation Mode of Legal Consciousness in Media Literacy

At present, the problems and deficiencies of young people in our country in terms of Internet literacy mainly include the following aspects: young people lack the intrinsic motivation of self-cultivation; the teaching conditions for Internet ethics literacy are not perfect; Internet laws and regulations are not perfect; family, as the carrier of inheriting the essence of traditional ethics, Failed to play the role of cultivating the basic ethics of young people.In order to make judgments, there must be corresponding judgment standards. A good evaluation standard not only has a guiding role, but also reflects the effect of things. In order to better serve the improvement of young people’s Internet literacy, corresponding network literacy should also be established. The purpose of the index system is to judge and measure its value and merit with a value evaluation standard that can be recognized by the public. The establishment of the index system must follow certain principles to organize and select, so as to make it more scientific and rational.


### 4.3.1. Cultivate Young People’s Critical Attitude Towards Digital Media

Information is an important resource for the existence and development of individuals, organizations and society in the era of virtual network. The producers and disseminators of information often inject their own will and subjective views, which affect the comprehensiveness and objectivity of media citizens’ information acquisition. When it comes to the core competence needed in the digital media era, the surveyed teenagers can also realize that critical inheritance is the key to the cultivation of media literacy among them.The development of critical skills can not only help teenagers to view the messy digital information objectively, but also help them to solve practical problems. Therefore, teenagers should enhance in the selection of media information, the judgment and recognition ability, pay attention to cultivate their critical thinking of the new media information, learn to look at the view of media information, it seems to most teenagers to question, critical thinking and problem solving are inseparable, and add up to is in the new era of global knowledge economy for the first key ability, this is youth to actively participate in the key to education reform.


### 4.3.2. Colleges and Universities shall Establish Law Enforcement Mechanism for Juvenile Management

All kinds of colleges and universities are the key stage for teenagers to consolidate and finalize their world outlook, outlook on life and values. The internal educational administrative law enforcement in the management of college students is an internal administrative function department in colleges and universities, which manages student affairs in accordance with the statutory and prescribed powers and procedures. It has its own particularity, which comes from the autonomy of colleges and universities. Therefore, the administrative law enforcement of higher education should form its own law enforcement characteristics under the basic principles and requirements of the rule of law. As the implementers of online ethics education for teenagers, teachers themselves must have a deep understanding of the content and characteristics of online quality education, carry out teaching in a way suitable for teenagers, continuously improve teenagers’ online literacy, and internalize this literacy into their inner literacy. Action guide.The construction of law enforcement mechanism mainly focuses on educational administrative law enforcement, which includes the following four aspects: First, law enforcement is an administrative act that influences the rights and obligations of relevant subjects; Second, the process of law enforcement is the implementation and implementation of national laws and regulations and school rules and regulations. Third, law enforcement activities and procedures must be strictly implemented in accordance with legal procedures, and in accordance with the provisions of state laws and regulations; Fourth, from the perspective of colleges and universities to explore the construction of educational administrative law enforcement mechanism.


### 4.3.3. Carry Out in-Depth Publicity within the Social Scope

In the theoretical framework of sociology, people communicate with each other in a certain group, that is, the way people interact with each other guides people’s behaviors. Then in the network society this large group, the lack of network legal consciousness norms. The more effective way to cultivate the social network legal consciousness is publicity, which is inseparable from the government’s leading and support, especially the operation supported by the government or political groups.When the society undertakes propagandize, want to notice the task of two points at the same time. First, it requires people to respond to and criticize the received information, and at the same time according to their own needs, rather than blindly following. Second, the free and personalized platform provided by the network society does not mean that people can do whatever they want in the network society. The legal system and norms in the real society should be equally useful in the network society. In addition, the cultivation of network legal awareness in the society should take into account the overall social environment and the nature of groups and other factors, and implement targeted cultivation methods in order to achieve the predicted effect.


### 4.3.4. The Government should Create a Good Network Media Education Environment

From the perspective of political structure, China is a society with relatively concentrated power, and governments at all levels have great power, while media literacy education is just a social system project, which needs the cooperation and support from all aspects of society. Therefore, the government is the key to promoting media literacy education in China. The government with public power can undertake the task of effectively allocating, integrating and utilizing social resources to carry out network media literacy education. In most countries with more developed media literacy, the importance of government as the leading force in media literacy education is obvious. Therefore, the Chinese government should also put the Internet media literacy education into the agenda of the work of the Party and government, supervise and summarize its development in a planned way to ensure its development effect.


## 4.3.1. Cultivate Young People’s Critical Attitude Towards Digital Media

Information is an important resource for the existence and development of individuals, organizations and society in the era of virtual network. The producers and disseminators of information often inject their own will and subjective views, which affect the comprehensiveness and objectivity of media citizens’ information acquisition. When it comes to the core competence needed in the digital media era, the surveyed teenagers can also realize that critical inheritance is the key to the cultivation of media literacy among them.The development of critical skills can not only help teenagers to view the messy digital information objectively, but also help them to solve practical problems. Therefore, teenagers should enhance in the selection of media information, the judgment and recognition ability, pay attention to cultivate their critical thinking of the new media information, learn to look at the view of media information, it seems to most teenagers to question, critical thinking and problem solving are inseparable, and add up to is in the new era of global knowledge economy for the first key ability, this is youth to actively participate in the key to education reform.


## 4.3.2. Colleges and Universities shall Establish Law Enforcement Mechanism for Juvenile Management

All kinds of colleges and universities are the key stage for teenagers to consolidate and finalize their world outlook, outlook on life and values. The internal educational administrative law enforcement in the management of college students is an internal administrative function department in colleges and universities, which manages student affairs in accordance with the statutory and prescribed powers and procedures. It has its own particularity, which comes from the autonomy of colleges and universities. Therefore, the administrative law enforcement of higher education should form its own law enforcement characteristics under the basic principles and requirements of the rule of law. As the implementers of online ethics education for teenagers, teachers themselves must have a deep understanding of the content and characteristics of online quality education, carry out teaching in a way suitable for teenagers, continuously improve teenagers’ online literacy, and internalize this literacy into their inner literacy. Action guide.The construction of law enforcement mechanism mainly focuses on educational administrative law enforcement, which includes the following four aspects: First, law enforcement is an administrative act that influences the rights and obligations of relevant subjects; Second, the process of law enforcement is the implementation and implementation of national laws and regulations and school rules and regulations. Third, law enforcement activities and procedures must be strictly implemented in accordance with legal procedures, and in accordance with the provisions of state laws and regulations; Fourth, from the perspective of colleges and universities to explore the construction of educational administrative law enforcement mechanism.


## 4.3.3. Carry Out in-Depth Publicity within the Social Scope

In the theoretical framework of sociology, people communicate with each other in a certain group, that is, the way people interact with each other guides people’s behaviors. Then in the network society this large group, the lack of network legal consciousness norms. The more effective way to cultivate the social network legal consciousness is publicity, which is inseparable from the government’s leading and support, especially the operation supported by the government or political groups.When the society undertakes propagandize, want to notice the task of two points at the same time. First, it requires people to respond to and criticize the received information, and at the same time according to their own needs, rather than blindly following. Second, the free and personalized platform provided by the network society does not mean that people can do whatever they want in the network society. The legal system and norms in the real society should be equally useful in the network society. In addition, the cultivation of network legal awareness in the society should take into account the overall social environment and the nature of groups and other factors, and implement targeted cultivation methods in order to achieve the predicted effect.


## 4.3.4. The Government should Create a Good Network Media Education Environment

From the perspective of political structure, China is a society with relatively concentrated power, and governments at all levels have great power, while media literacy education is just a social system project, which needs the cooperation and support from all aspects of society. Therefore, the government is the key to promoting media literacy education in China. The government with public power can undertake the task of effectively allocating, integrating and utilizing social resources to carry out network media literacy education. In most countries with more developed media literacy, the importance of government as the leading force in media literacy education is obvious. Therefore, the Chinese government should also put the Internet media literacy education into the agenda of the work of the Party and government, supervise and summarize its development in a planned way to ensure its development effect.


## 5. Conclusion

This study first discusses that the typical illegal phenomenon in the network is the problem caused by the lack of network legal awareness, and analyzes the level of media literacy of the subject media in these cases and whether the network legal awareness is weak. The current situation of young people’s network literacy is not optimistic, and it is necessary to strengthen the cultivation of this aspect. According to statistical analysis, a large number of teenagers have a weak awareness of Internet literacy, such as a negative and indifferent attitude towards hacking and bad information on the Internet, and many people use their own behavior to explain their lack of Internet literacy. A person’s literacy is the internal driving force of his judgment, that is to say, what kind of literacy will make what kind of moral choice. From this point of view, there is sufficient practical and theoretical basis for strengthening the cultivation of young people’s network ethics. Finally, from the perspective of school education, social publicity and national system training, this paper puts forward some Suggestions on how to improve teenagers’ media literacy and cultivate their network legal literacy and create a harmonious network environment. It is found that teenagers, with low social experience, imperfect will and poor ability to distinguish right from wrong, are easily affected by unhealthy things on the Internet media. Young people are the future of the motherland, are the builders and successors of socialism, strengthen their education is particularly important. Based on this, this study points out that the cultivation of critical teenagers for digital media, law enforcement mechanism of management in colleges and universities to establish teenagers, propaganda on the society within the scope of the Internet concept of rule of law and the government and create a good environment for the network media education of corresponding measures, the strategies for cultivating network provides structural specifications to ensure that legal literacy.



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*Source: 2978460-2022-04-12.xml*