# The Effect of Enhanced Multislice Spiral Computed Tomography Scan in Nursing

Authors: Yan Wang; Binyan Qian; Jidong Peng
Journal: Journal of Sensors
 (2022)

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## Abstract

Purpose. Side effects such as local pain and tissue swelling will affect the effect of enhanced multislice spiral computed tomography (CT) scan. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of imaging nursing in enhanced CT scan for heart patients. Method. We selected 86 heart patients to receive enhanced multislice spiral CT scan as the research objects and randomly divided them into the test group and the control group. Imaging nursing and traditional nursing intervention was taken to compare the nursing effects of the two groups. Results. The incidence of unpleasant mood in the test group was 9.3%, which was significantly lower than that in the control group. The nursing satisfaction of the test group was 97.7%, which was much higher than the 79.1% of the control group. At the same time, the visual analogue scale (VAS) score of the test group and the incidence of contrast agent extravasation were significantly lower than those of the control group. Conclusion. The use of imaging nursing for heart patients with enhanced multislice spiral CT scan can reduce the patient’s unhealthy mood and improve nursing satisfaction, and the nursing effect is ideal.


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## Body

## 1. Introduction

Multislice spiral computed tomography- (CT-) enhanced scanning is commonly used in clinical practice [1–4], which belongs to computer scanning technology. The clinical advantages [5–7] include clear images, short scanning time, and qualitative and positioning diagnoses and are widely used in clinical examinations. In CT-enhanced scanning, water-soluble contrast agents need to be injected intravenously.We commonly used contrast agents which include nonionic contrast agents and ionic contrast agents. The former has relatively few adverse reactions, but the price is higher, and the latter is cheap but easy adverse reactions may be taken seriously during the examination. Thus, corresponding nursing measures should be applied to the heart patients.The clinically enhanced CT scan of heart patients requires intravenous infusion of water-soluble contrast agents to ensure that the X-ray absorption rate of the patient’s diseased tissues is increased [8–10], which can increase the density of normal tissues and diseased tissues and the difference in show efficiency. Multislice spiral CT enhanced scanning on heart patients can easily lead to related leakage of the contrast agent [11–16], which will lead to low patient compliance and decreased satisfaction.The contrast-enhanced imaging examination is mainly based on a plain scan [17, 18], and then, the diseased tissue can be qualitatively diagnosed through the difference of contrast agent density. Contrast-enhanced scanning requires high-pressure injection when the contrast agent is injected. However, due to individual differences in heart patients, some heart patients will ooze out after the injection of the contrast agent. The contrast agent itself will have a certain impact on the local skin tissue of the patient, mainly local pain and tissue swelling.With the rapid development of enhanced imaging examinations, enhanced imaging examinations have been widely used in medical imaging diagnosis and differential diagnosis, which can improve the detection rate of lesions and the accuracy of diagnosis. However, if the exudation is severe, serious consequences such as tissue necrosis and limb dysfunction may occur. Therefore, predictive nursing intervention is particularly important.As the success or failure of contrast agent injection for enhanced imaging examination will directly affect the density identification of diseased tissues and normal tissues, the care before and after the enhanced imaging examination is one of the important links to ensure accurate and effective image information. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the effect of imaging nursing in an enhanced CT scan for heart patients.


## 2. Materials and Methods

### 2.1. General Information

According to the established control experiment structure, this paper studies the imaging nursing effect of enhanced scanning with multislice spiral CT. The experimental structure is shown in Figure1.Figure 1
The specific structure of the control experiment.The 86 heart patients with enhanced imaging examination in our hospital were randomly divided into two groups. The number of cases in each group is 43. The age of the test group was 20-73 years, the average age was44.9±7.3 years, and the male to female ratio was 24 : 19. The control group was 21 to 70 years old, with an average age of 44.0±6.4 years old, and the ratio of males to females was 20 : 23. The comparison of the two groups of samples showed no significant difference (t=0.608, P=0.545). The specific situation is shown in Figure 2.Figure 2
Details of sample data.


### 2.2. Method

#### 2.2.1. Control Group

A total of 43 cases were treated with traditional care. After the scan, the heart patients were evaluated psychologically. Traditional nursing includes basic nursing, treatment and medication, rehabilitation guidance, health education, psychological nursing, and other nursing work.


#### 2.2.2. Test Group

A total of 43 cases were treated with imaging care. The specific steps are as follows [19, 20].The first step is to measure and record the patient’s blood pressure, height, weight, etc. before the examination, which helps to choose the contrast agent and determine the amount of contrast agent. The nurse should carefully read the examination application form and patiently ask the patient’s condition and allergy history to determine whether it is suitable for CT-enhanced examination. If the patient needs an abdominal examination, fasting can avoid intestinal substances affecting the examination results. Barium meal examinations have been carried out recently, and CT-enhancement examinations can only be carried out after 1 week. Before the examination, check whether the patient has residual barium meal. If residual, use diatrizoate meglumine at a dose of 1000 ml 2 hours before the examination. And then, we use 500 ml to exclude heart patients with allergies and asthma from other substances, exclude heart patients with contraindications, and strictly control the examination of high-risk heart patients.In the second step, the patient may have emotions such as fear and anxiety due to the examination. Before the examination, the nurse should guide the patient’s psychology, explain the knowledge of the contrast agent, and encourage the patient to actively cooperate with the examination.The third step is to strictly abide by the relevant operating regulations during the scan to avoid liquid leakage. The nurse should make a reasonable choice of the injection position according to the actual situation. During the puncture process, strictly perform aseptic operations and select the venous lumens of the extremities. After completing the puncture and doing a good job of drug injection, place the puncture arm to a comfortable position and instruct the patient to rest for 0.5 to 1 hour and relax. If it is painful, the nurse should inject analgesic drugs according to the patient’s pain.In the fourth step, after the scan, the nurse should assist the patient to get out of bed and instruct the patient to drink plenty of water, which can accelerate the excretion of drugs. All kinds of first aid supplies are prepared in the CT-enhanced scanning room to actively respond to unforeseen adverse reactions. If the patient is mildly allergic and needs to drink plenty of water and rest and if the patient is moderately allergic, the intravenous channel needs to be established quickly and injected with 10 mg dexamethasone, if necessary, 0.5~1 mg epinephrine, and rescue preparations will be made. Well, if the patient is severely allergic, he should be rescued immediately, the emergency department shall be notified, and the relevant cooperation work will be done to treat the patient in the shortest time.


### 2.3. Observation Indicators

#### 2.3.1. Incidence of Unpleasant Mood

The negative emotions we studied include tension, uneasiness, and anxiety.


#### 2.3.2. Nursing Satisfaction

Questionnaires were distributed to heart patients to count nursing satisfaction. The survey results were divided into 3 levels: very satisfied (V), generally satisfied (G), and not satisfied (N). The calculation formula of nursing satisfaction is as follows:(1)N=V+GT×100%.In Equation (1), N represents nursing satisfaction, V represents very satisfactory, G represents general satisfaction, and T represents the total number of cases.


#### 2.3.3. Visual Analogue Scoring Method

This paper uses the visual analogue scale (VAS) [21–24] to assess the patient’s pain level. The total score is 10 points. The higher the VAS score is, the more severe the pain.


#### 2.3.4. Incidence of Contrast Media Extravasation

The calculation of the incidence of contrast agent extravasation is actually the ratio of the number of cases of contrast agent extravasation to the total number of cases.


### 2.4. Statistical Processing

SPSS 26.0 software processes the data, counts for chi-square statistics, and measures data fort test. P<0.05 indicates that the difference is meaningful.


## 2.1. General Information

According to the established control experiment structure, this paper studies the imaging nursing effect of enhanced scanning with multislice spiral CT. The experimental structure is shown in Figure1.Figure 1
The specific structure of the control experiment.The 86 heart patients with enhanced imaging examination in our hospital were randomly divided into two groups. The number of cases in each group is 43. The age of the test group was 20-73 years, the average age was44.9±7.3 years, and the male to female ratio was 24 : 19. The control group was 21 to 70 years old, with an average age of 44.0±6.4 years old, and the ratio of males to females was 20 : 23. The comparison of the two groups of samples showed no significant difference (t=0.608, P=0.545). The specific situation is shown in Figure 2.Figure 2
Details of sample data.


## 2.2. Method

### 2.2.1. Control Group

A total of 43 cases were treated with traditional care. After the scan, the heart patients were evaluated psychologically. Traditional nursing includes basic nursing, treatment and medication, rehabilitation guidance, health education, psychological nursing, and other nursing work.


### 2.2.2. Test Group

A total of 43 cases were treated with imaging care. The specific steps are as follows [19, 20].The first step is to measure and record the patient’s blood pressure, height, weight, etc. before the examination, which helps to choose the contrast agent and determine the amount of contrast agent. The nurse should carefully read the examination application form and patiently ask the patient’s condition and allergy history to determine whether it is suitable for CT-enhanced examination. If the patient needs an abdominal examination, fasting can avoid intestinal substances affecting the examination results. Barium meal examinations have been carried out recently, and CT-enhancement examinations can only be carried out after 1 week. Before the examination, check whether the patient has residual barium meal. If residual, use diatrizoate meglumine at a dose of 1000 ml 2 hours before the examination. And then, we use 500 ml to exclude heart patients with allergies and asthma from other substances, exclude heart patients with contraindications, and strictly control the examination of high-risk heart patients.In the second step, the patient may have emotions such as fear and anxiety due to the examination. Before the examination, the nurse should guide the patient’s psychology, explain the knowledge of the contrast agent, and encourage the patient to actively cooperate with the examination.The third step is to strictly abide by the relevant operating regulations during the scan to avoid liquid leakage. The nurse should make a reasonable choice of the injection position according to the actual situation. During the puncture process, strictly perform aseptic operations and select the venous lumens of the extremities. After completing the puncture and doing a good job of drug injection, place the puncture arm to a comfortable position and instruct the patient to rest for 0.5 to 1 hour and relax. If it is painful, the nurse should inject analgesic drugs according to the patient’s pain.In the fourth step, after the scan, the nurse should assist the patient to get out of bed and instruct the patient to drink plenty of water, which can accelerate the excretion of drugs. All kinds of first aid supplies are prepared in the CT-enhanced scanning room to actively respond to unforeseen adverse reactions. If the patient is mildly allergic and needs to drink plenty of water and rest and if the patient is moderately allergic, the intravenous channel needs to be established quickly and injected with 10 mg dexamethasone, if necessary, 0.5~1 mg epinephrine, and rescue preparations will be made. Well, if the patient is severely allergic, he should be rescued immediately, the emergency department shall be notified, and the relevant cooperation work will be done to treat the patient in the shortest time.


## 2.2.1. Control Group

A total of 43 cases were treated with traditional care. After the scan, the heart patients were evaluated psychologically. Traditional nursing includes basic nursing, treatment and medication, rehabilitation guidance, health education, psychological nursing, and other nursing work.


## 2.2.2. Test Group

A total of 43 cases were treated with imaging care. The specific steps are as follows [19, 20].The first step is to measure and record the patient’s blood pressure, height, weight, etc. before the examination, which helps to choose the contrast agent and determine the amount of contrast agent. The nurse should carefully read the examination application form and patiently ask the patient’s condition and allergy history to determine whether it is suitable for CT-enhanced examination. If the patient needs an abdominal examination, fasting can avoid intestinal substances affecting the examination results. Barium meal examinations have been carried out recently, and CT-enhancement examinations can only be carried out after 1 week. Before the examination, check whether the patient has residual barium meal. If residual, use diatrizoate meglumine at a dose of 1000 ml 2 hours before the examination. And then, we use 500 ml to exclude heart patients with allergies and asthma from other substances, exclude heart patients with contraindications, and strictly control the examination of high-risk heart patients.In the second step, the patient may have emotions such as fear and anxiety due to the examination. Before the examination, the nurse should guide the patient’s psychology, explain the knowledge of the contrast agent, and encourage the patient to actively cooperate with the examination.The third step is to strictly abide by the relevant operating regulations during the scan to avoid liquid leakage. The nurse should make a reasonable choice of the injection position according to the actual situation. During the puncture process, strictly perform aseptic operations and select the venous lumens of the extremities. After completing the puncture and doing a good job of drug injection, place the puncture arm to a comfortable position and instruct the patient to rest for 0.5 to 1 hour and relax. If it is painful, the nurse should inject analgesic drugs according to the patient’s pain.In the fourth step, after the scan, the nurse should assist the patient to get out of bed and instruct the patient to drink plenty of water, which can accelerate the excretion of drugs. All kinds of first aid supplies are prepared in the CT-enhanced scanning room to actively respond to unforeseen adverse reactions. If the patient is mildly allergic and needs to drink plenty of water and rest and if the patient is moderately allergic, the intravenous channel needs to be established quickly and injected with 10 mg dexamethasone, if necessary, 0.5~1 mg epinephrine, and rescue preparations will be made. Well, if the patient is severely allergic, he should be rescued immediately, the emergency department shall be notified, and the relevant cooperation work will be done to treat the patient in the shortest time.


## 2.3. Observation Indicators

### 2.3.1. Incidence of Unpleasant Mood

The negative emotions we studied include tension, uneasiness, and anxiety.


### 2.3.2. Nursing Satisfaction

Questionnaires were distributed to heart patients to count nursing satisfaction. The survey results were divided into 3 levels: very satisfied (V), generally satisfied (G), and not satisfied (N). The calculation formula of nursing satisfaction is as follows:(1)N=V+GT×100%.In Equation (1), N represents nursing satisfaction, V represents very satisfactory, G represents general satisfaction, and T represents the total number of cases.


### 2.3.3. Visual Analogue Scoring Method

This paper uses the visual analogue scale (VAS) [21–24] to assess the patient’s pain level. The total score is 10 points. The higher the VAS score is, the more severe the pain.


### 2.3.4. Incidence of Contrast Media Extravasation

The calculation of the incidence of contrast agent extravasation is actually the ratio of the number of cases of contrast agent extravasation to the total number of cases.


## 2.3.1. Incidence of Unpleasant Mood

The negative emotions we studied include tension, uneasiness, and anxiety.


## 2.3.2. Nursing Satisfaction

Questionnaires were distributed to heart patients to count nursing satisfaction. The survey results were divided into 3 levels: very satisfied (V), generally satisfied (G), and not satisfied (N). The calculation formula of nursing satisfaction is as follows:(1)N=V+GT×100%.In Equation (1), N represents nursing satisfaction, V represents very satisfactory, G represents general satisfaction, and T represents the total number of cases.


## 2.3.3. Visual Analogue Scoring Method

This paper uses the visual analogue scale (VAS) [21–24] to assess the patient’s pain level. The total score is 10 points. The higher the VAS score is, the more severe the pain.


## 2.3.4. Incidence of Contrast Media Extravasation

The calculation of the incidence of contrast agent extravasation is actually the ratio of the number of cases of contrast agent extravasation to the total number of cases.


## 2.4. Statistical Processing

SPSS 26.0 software processes the data, counts for chi-square statistics, and measures data fort test. P<0.05 indicates that the difference is meaningful.


## 3. Results

### 3.1. CT Images

Figure3 shows part of the multislice spiral CT images of 86 heart patients with heart disease. The red arrow points to the part of the heart disease. The patient can be cared for more accurately through imaging. Imaging nursing and traditional nursing intervention is applied to examine the difference in treatment and diagnosis.Figure 3
Multislice spiral CT image of a heart disease patient.
(a)(b)(c)


### 3.2. Comparison of Incidence of Unpleasant Mood

The incidence of unpleasant mood in the test group was significantly lower; compared with the control group, the difference was significant (P<0.05). The specific situation of the occurrence of unpleasant mood is shown in Figure 4, and the incidence of unpleasant mood and the results of statistical processing are shown in Table 1.Figure 4
The specific situation of unpleasant emotions.Table 1
Comparison of incidence of unpleasant mood.
TypeTest groupControl groupIncidence of unpleasant mood9.3%23.3%χ2 value3.071P value0.039


### 3.3. Comparison of Nursing Satisfaction

The nursing satisfaction of heart patients in the test group was significantly improved compared with the control group, and the difference was significant (P=0.007). The specific situation of nursing satisfaction is shown in Figure 5, and the nursing satisfaction and statistical processing results are shown in Table 2.Figure 5
Details of nursing satisfaction.Table 2
Comparison of nursing satisfaction.
TypeTest groupControl groupNursing satisfaction97.7%79.1%χ2 value7.242P value0.007


### 3.4. Comparison of VAS Score

The VAS pain scores of the test group and the control group are shown in Table3. The scores of the test group are significantly lower than those of the control group, which proves that the nursing effect of the multislice spiral CT-enhanced scanning is more effective than traditional nursing.Table 3
VAS pain score of test group and control group.
GroupVAS scoreTest group1.2±0.5Control group3.0±0.8χ2 value12.512P value<0.001


### 3.5. Comparison of Incidence of Contrast Agent Extravasation

It can be seen from Figure6 that the incidence of contrast agent extravasation in the test group is lower than that in the control group (P=0.042), and imaging nursing has a great advantage in contrast agent extravasation.Figure 6
Comparison of the incidence of contrast agent extravasation.


## 3.1. CT Images

Figure3 shows part of the multislice spiral CT images of 86 heart patients with heart disease. The red arrow points to the part of the heart disease. The patient can be cared for more accurately through imaging. Imaging nursing and traditional nursing intervention is applied to examine the difference in treatment and diagnosis.Figure 3
Multislice spiral CT image of a heart disease patient.
(a)(b)(c)


## 3.2. Comparison of Incidence of Unpleasant Mood

The incidence of unpleasant mood in the test group was significantly lower; compared with the control group, the difference was significant (P<0.05). The specific situation of the occurrence of unpleasant mood is shown in Figure 4, and the incidence of unpleasant mood and the results of statistical processing are shown in Table 1.Figure 4
The specific situation of unpleasant emotions.Table 1
Comparison of incidence of unpleasant mood.
TypeTest groupControl groupIncidence of unpleasant mood9.3%23.3%χ2 value3.071P value0.039


## 3.3. Comparison of Nursing Satisfaction

The nursing satisfaction of heart patients in the test group was significantly improved compared with the control group, and the difference was significant (P=0.007). The specific situation of nursing satisfaction is shown in Figure 5, and the nursing satisfaction and statistical processing results are shown in Table 2.Figure 5
Details of nursing satisfaction.Table 2
Comparison of nursing satisfaction.
TypeTest groupControl groupNursing satisfaction97.7%79.1%χ2 value7.242P value0.007


## 3.4. Comparison of VAS Score

The VAS pain scores of the test group and the control group are shown in Table3. The scores of the test group are significantly lower than those of the control group, which proves that the nursing effect of the multislice spiral CT-enhanced scanning is more effective than traditional nursing.Table 3
VAS pain score of test group and control group.
GroupVAS scoreTest group1.2±0.5Control group3.0±0.8χ2 value12.512P value<0.001


## 3.5. Comparison of Incidence of Contrast Agent Extravasation

It can be seen from Figure6 that the incidence of contrast agent extravasation in the test group is lower than that in the control group (P=0.042), and imaging nursing has a great advantage in contrast agent extravasation.Figure 6
Comparison of the incidence of contrast agent extravasation.


## 4. Discussion

In the process of enhanced scanning with multislice spiral CT, heart patients need to be injected intravenously with a water-soluble organic iodine contrast agent. The X-ray absorption rate of the diseased tissue is increased. Compared with the normal tissue, the difference is obvious. The display rate of the disease is greatly improved. The contrast is significantly enhanced.However, due to the invasiveness of the examination and the use of contrast agents and because the heart patients do not understand the relevant knowledge, they are prone to different levels of unhealthy emotions, and patient care should be strengthened. During the nursing process, nurses should pay attention to the psychological fluctuations of heart patients, do a good job of diversion, actively implement various nursing countermeasures, prompt heart patients to actively cooperate with the examination, deepen heart patients’ understanding of relevant knowledge, and prompt heart patients to successfully complete the examination [25–27]. Heart patients are provided with symptomatic treatment, which will ultimately significantly improve patient treatment effects.Clinical studies have shown that the accuracy of CT-enhanced scanning will be directly affected by the sharpness of the image. In addition to the scanning technology, the image quality is also related to the patient’s mental state. Therefore, before, during, and after the enhanced multislice spiral CT scan of the patient, individualized nursing intervention should be taken to help the patient relax and maintain a good emotional state, to pay attention to observe whether there are adverse reactions, and to do a good job of coping. The purpose of nursing is to improve the clarity of scanned images and patient satisfaction. For prediction of the optimized nursing effect, a deep learning platform [28] can be utilized to enhance the nursing intervention.


## 5. Conclusion

According to the experiments in this paper, the incidence of unpleasant emotions in the test group was significantly lower, and the data comparison between the groups was <0.05. The results suggest that the clinical application value of imaging nursing is higher and can be referred to clinically. In addition, the VAS pain score of the test group was lower than that of the control group, and the incidence of contrast agent extravasation was also significantly lower than that of the control group.In summary, multislice spiral CT enhanced scan heart patients have an ideal effect and high feasibility. It can significantly alleviate heart patients’ unpleasant mood and reduce the incidence of contrast agent leakage. As such, our study is clinically worth promoting.



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*Source: 2950689-2022-02-16.xml*