# Research on Intelligent Multimedia Distance Teaching System considering Virtual Reality Technology

Authors: Yi Zeng
Journal: Mathematical Problems in Engineering
 (2022)

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## Abstract

With the continuous growth of the social economy, teaching methods are constantly innovating and changing, from the traditional subjective single teaching mode to the new teacher-student interactive teaching mode supplemented by various network resources, but there are still some influencing factors in these teaching modes. In view of these deficiencies and needs, for the purpose of addressing the issues of the traditional teaching model such as lack of timeliness, inaccuracy, and high energy consumption, the virtual reality (VR) technology is applied to the intelligent multimedia distance teaching system. Combining the existing teaching requirements and the frame structure of the multimedia distance teaching system design, the hardware and software systems of the system are designed, respectively. User login can be realized through software and hardware system design. Through teaching resources, teaching management, and other functions, the VR technology can be used to complete the reasonable allocation of multimedia teaching resources to enhance multimedia teaching quality effectively. Finally, the test results are analyzed. Compared with other teaching systems, the proposed intelligent multimedia distance teaching system can lower the transmission energy and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of teaching resource data effectively, which is of certain practical value.


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## Body

## 1. Introduction

Multimedia technology is closely related to people’s existing life. In the process of mutual data acquisition and rapid sharing with the environment, multimedia has its own driving force for the rise of all walks of life. For example, smart cities arise from urban traffic flow control and social public services. However, in addition to the use of multimedia in major industries, the use of multimedia in other fields also occupies a large proportion; taking the virtual new engineering as the background of demand, it is effective and active to promote the use of intelligent multimedia distance teaching system. Because students have poor autonomy in the learning process, the teaching model is not flexible enough, and the practical teaching content does not meet the existing needs of the industry, it is a common problem existing in the current professional curriculum teaching process [1–3]. For the practical teaching mode, it usually pays attention to the form but ignores the goal of teaching. The amount of practical teaching in intelligent multimedia distance teaching is relatively small, and it is generally arranged after theoretical courses and cannot play the role of auxiliary teaching. In terms of practical teaching, it has high repetition and low teaching efficiency and does not fully consider the individual development of students, which makes students gradually lose interest and enthusiasm for learning and gradually disconnect from the social industry, which cannot play a role in guiding them to use the comprehensive ability in the practical process. In the traditional education model, students’ class time is limited, which makes students unable to use teaching equipment and learning materials at any time [4–6]. Introducing VR technology into the multimedia distance learning system can help students use their spare time for precourse, prereading, and postcourse targeted review to truly achieve complete mastery of the learning content. The networked interactive teaching platform mainly has cognitive functions, structural functions, testing functions, and training functions. Among them, the cognitive function mainly realizes the effective development of educational resources. In the process of expansion, it is mainly to display in various ways such as word description and development flowchart. The structure function mainly realizes the demonstration of the conventional functions of the intelligent multimedia distance teaching system [7, 8]. The exercise function can ensure that students can explain and teach their knowledge in an independent manner. With the gradual application of multimedia and VR technologies in the teaching process, the teaching model based on multimedia has affected modern education and learning substantially. The social transformation in the Internet age has had a profound impact on traditional design education. As no effective methods for improving the learning capabilities of students have been developed in the interaction between teachers and students based on the limited traditional teaching model and method, students can hardly improve their abilities through communication after class. Therefore, for the purpose of meeting the practical demand of teaching at present, the teaching model for the intelligent multimedia distance teaching system should be corrected to build an intelligent multimedia distance teaching system by using VR technology. In this way, multimedia teaching resources can be allocated rationally by VR technology, and multimedia teaching quality can be improved effectively. Multimedia is a practical and effective tool in the development of educational informatization. At present, most colleges and universities have begun to research and apply intelligent multimedia distance teaching systems [9–11]. However, in the past, network teaching systems suffered from packet loss, delay, and jamming in the data transmission process. Such phenomena have seriously affected the distance teaching quality. With the fast progress of IT in recent years, we have ushered in a digital age when everything goes paperless from previous hard copies. How to meet user demand quickly and accurately through the multimedia database? A crucial issue is how to handle the supply and demand of archive data. Individualized user search is a good solution. By using a personalized search system to search for the identity reference information between users, new VR technology methods can be found. The types of users are essential, while their engagement is required because the VR technology method and collaborative personalized search method both have their own characteristics, so some systems have adopted these two methods.The update of multimedia is fast, and the school will invest huge scientific manpower in the installation and upgrading of software and hardware. This paper expresses the user’s needs through the characteristics of domain classification and provides the method of user interest model and similar calculation. Experiments show that, based on VR technology, this paper integrates immersive learning into the specific virtual environment teaching by analyzing the design ideas and implementation methods of the intelligent multimedia distance teaching system. The teaching quality and effects are improved by exploring the rationality of the interactive design for the teaching process.


## 2. VR Technology and Basic Theoretical Knowledge

In this paper, the design of functional modules is optimized by applying VR to the intelligent multimedia distance teaching system based on the coverage optimization method, thereby improving the accuracy of the knowledge recognition of the constraint system. Using the decision tree generation process, each decision tree can be processed in parallel due to the independence of each decision tree, thereby effectively improving the usage efficiency of the system. The evaluation analysis factors corresponding to the analysis subject to be evaluated are used as elements, and the evaluation analysis factor set is constructed by using the above elements. The VR-based intelligent multimedia distance teaching system is designed as follows.The set of evaluation analysis factors is obtained by dividing the system design steps:(1)U1=U11,U12,⋯,U1n,U2=U21,U22,⋯,U2n,⋮Um=Um1,Um2,⋯,Umn.The weight of elements in the intelligent multimedia distance teaching system is calculated by the VR-based intelligent multimedia distance teaching system through hierarchical analysis method [12]. According to the principle from top to bottom, various evaluation and analysis elements are divided into multiple levels, and the evaluation and analysis indicators are graded based on the attributes of the evaluation and analysis objects in combination with different levels and different systems. Compare each index existing at the same level, quantify the comparison result according to the corresponding importance, and obtain the corresponding weight of the intelligent multimedia distance teaching evaluation index. The specific steps are as follows.Compared with the indicators present in this layer, a decision matrix A is established, whose expression is as follows:(2)A=a11a12⋯a1na21a22⋯a2n⋮⋮⋮⋮an1an2⋯ann.The judgment matrix is normalized by column:(3)bij=ann∑i=1nann,and by row:(4)vij=∑h=1nbij.The corresponding weight is assigned to each evaluation indicator of intelligent multimedia distance teaching according to the following equation:(5)wi=bij⋅vi∑i=1nvi.Supposeα¯i=ai1,ai2,ai3, i=1,2,⋯,m, represent VR technology, and thus the non-negative linear combination and VR technology plan of α¯i are obtained:(6)∑i=1mλiα¯i,λi≥0,and(7)∑i=1mλiα¯i=∑i=1mλiai1,∑i=1mλiai3.VR technology is mainly to effectively combine the computing resources integrated on the Internet and quickly solve the resources as needed by users in practice [13]. The system operation structure under VR technology is shown in Figure 1. Users manage scheduling and effectively provide availability, security, and quality assurance of resources or services.Figure 1
VR technology work construction system.


## 3. Intelligent Multimedia Distance Teaching System Design

### 3.1. Function Module of Distance Teaching System

The architecture of VR-based interactive multimedia distance education system includes three main layers: business presentation, transaction layer, and data access [14–16]. On-campus/external users access the WebLogic application server through a web browser. At the same time, the management system for educational resources is integrated to support learners throughout the process. The application structure of VR-based distance education management system has four tiers, as shown in Figure 2.Figure 2
System architecture of intelligent multimedia distance teaching system.


#### 3.1.1. Business Function Layer

Generate logical function modules that can be displayed to provide real-time feedback to the business requirements of users (mainly from HTML users, JavaApplets, and users of other web pages). In accordance with the real-time request of users, a timely response can be given on the interface. The virtual reality (VR) technology is applied to the construction of the platform, and the main components of the display layer include the web container built-in JSP and wavelets. In accordance with the conditions of processing by layer, logical processing within the business display layer can be carried out. This level is implemented mainly based on the timely feedback results of forwarded requests, which can ensure that it will not affect the transaction layer and the changes in the database, provided that the mode of expression in this layer remains unchanged.


#### 3.1.2. Business Agent Layer

The main role of the business agent layer is to implement the combination of the display layer and the functional modules of the business layer, which can improve the re-utilization rate of the logic module effectively. The receiving display layer in the business agent layer can implement the timely issuance of the relevant requests down to the EJB function module, which is responsible for practical business processing according to the request of users in the morning and sending the processing results obtained from the EJB function module down to the display layer. The data interaction process among the business agent layer, the display layer, and the business logic layer mainly involves the collection of data values, which can increase the combination level in the database, improving the readability and reuse efficiency of the code written in the system.


#### 3.1.3. Business Logic Layer

This layer serves as the core framework of the whole system, and the business level allows for the provision of an effective interface to the business services at low levels. In general, the business logic layer can also make use of the EJB module in the EJB container to meet the requests of users.


#### 3.1.4. Data Resource Layer

This layer, also known as the data access layer, is mainly used for real-time access to the database corresponding to the business logic, which can provide an effective database access interface for the EJB container.Compared with the traditional distance learning systems, the application of the virtual reality technology allows teachers and students to have real-time access to the information on learning resources through the system platform. In this way, schools do not have to provide massive experimental equipment, teaching resources, and distance learning system platforms. Hence, through the interactions between students and teachers, remote course content analysis can be implemented, which is more conducive to facilitating interactive learning between teachers and students. At the same time, based on the application of the virtual reality technology, the course content can be analyzed from the traditional perspective, allowing the students to experience the course content in a realistic way.


### 3.2. System Hardware and Software Design

#### 3.2.1. User Login Management Procedure

After registration, users can log in to the system and complete the authentication of login by verifying the user name and account password on the home page of the system established; for users whose accounts do not fall into the category of security account, their operations shall be restricted by using the distance education system. Teachers can check the contents of their own teaching arrangements and the assignment completion status of the students after completing the system registration; students can complete their assignments according to the teaching arrangements of the teachers, submit the assignments in time, and make multiple downloads of the learning materials after completing the registration. The system administrators at the backend can control the teaching backend data of the system effectively after logging in, and their authority is mainly to control various function modules such as user account information and after-school questions and answers for students. Figure3 shows the backend procedure for user login.Figure 3
System user login verification process.


#### 3.2.2. Teaching Resource Management

Teachers can click on the keys corresponding to the resources in the process of long transmission of data on the teaching resources to select the educational resources to be used in the classroom. Only in this way can the rapid transmission and the real-time sharing of educational resources be implemented in an efficient manner. The system administrator will allocate the resource data according to the request of users who updated the resource data. Figure4 indicates the transmission process of educational resources between the storage location of the teaching resource data and the data transfer line.Figure 4
Data resource transmission process.


#### 3.2.3. Teaching System Management Module

The multimedia intelligent distance learning system established in this paper can implement the effective control of teaching resources in the system by using the management module. Among them, the operations that can be performed mainly include the real-time uploading of educational resource courses, the downloading of relevant materials, the updating of information in the database, the deletion of data, and the implementation of multiple other functions. The functions of the management module in the distance learning system are shown in Figure5.Figure 5
Functions of the system management module.


#### 3.2.4. Multimedia Network Teaching Resource Module

The multimedia intelligent distance learning system proposed in this paper mainly applies the proposed virtual reality technology to design this function module. While improving the performance continuously, the application of virtual reality technology can also address many problems of the system, with the following advantages.


#### 3.2.5. Breaking the Constraints of Time and Space

During the use of the traditional distance learning systems, students can only learn in the classroom or a specific set occasion. As a result, the students will be subject to a number of factors in the learning process and cannot achieve real-time learning effectively. The application of virtual reality technology is a perfect solution to such problems. It can ensure that the students will not be bound by the constraints of time and space, which will effectively improve the quality of learning and the efficiency of learning.


#### 3.2.6. Saving the Costs and Expenses of Learning

During the process of education and learning in the traditional classroom, it is necessary to use the experimental equipment in combination of the textbooks with different subjects. However, it costs a huge amount of money to use the teaching equipment. In case the students accidentally damage some of the teaching equipment during their learning process, the expenses thus incurred will be even higher. The virtual reality technology can be used to reuse the resources, which can effectively reduce the learning costs and ensure the effective improvement in the learning efficiency of the students.


#### 3.2.7. Making Learning More Flexible and Open

In the traditional education process, the students have to apply for the use of limited education resources such as the teaching instruments and learning materials according to the time period of the class. The application of the virtual reality technology can ensure that the students can carry out targeted learning according to their own after-school time in the multimedia intelligent distance learning system for the pre-test and after-school review of the course they are studying, so that they can carry out the review and achieve the mastery of the learning content freely and comprehensively.The teaching architecture of the multimedia intelligent distance learning system is shown in Figure6. In accordance with the structure of the model in Figure 6, it can be observed that the main teaching resource cognition, the structural function optimization, the testing function, and the training function can be fully implemented by using the multimedia intelligent distance learning module designed. The multimedia intelligent distance learning system is shown in Figure 6.Figure 6
Multimedia teaching module.The interactive multimedia distance education system designed in this paper mainly uses Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 as the tool for system development and borrows SQL Server 2005 as the research database. Also, the system frame structure uses the three-tier architecture of B/S (browser/web server/database server). The system can provide effective educational services for teachers, students, and background managers. The functional development frame diagram of the interactive multimedia distance education system is shown in Figure7.Figure 7
Functional development framework of interactive multimedia distance education system.In the case of using VR technology, the design of interactive multimedia distance education system is completed. The learning resources that can be obtained by the system mainly include different types of educational electronic courses, course video teaching, electronic resources, and so on, and “packaging” can also be used. Based on VR, not only Internet services can be offered to students but also other information education can be provided. Students complete the development of different modules according to a specific language framework, combining with VR technology, share educational resources, and reduce resource waste and excessive development as much as possible.The combination of VR technology and NC high-performance laboratory fully ensures that the application value of VR technology in the interactive multimedia distance education system can be effectively played. Then, in the process of using the interactive multimedia distance education system, VR technology highlights the advantages in education, mainly about its impact on the establishment of educational resources and the changes in educational models.(1)
At present, some schools or education and training institutions have lower requirements for computer configuration, and it requires no heavy investment of educational resources in procuring equipment and facilities with high performance or renovating old equipment, thereby effectively reducing the cost of hardware and software for school education resources. Usually, the corresponding resources can be provided only by configuring the basic computer target.(2)
VR technology can provide safe and reliable data storage of educational resources for teaching resources and can ensure the safety and accuracy of data transmission for teachers and students, so that there is no need to worry about hacking and virus invasion. In the event of data loss due to hardware damage to computer equipment, educational activities for students can continue elsewhere.(3)
It is necessary to make full use of limited resources for the construction of Chinese education and educational institutions, schools, and other educational resources. It is necessary to establish a resource pool. With the help of the existing educational resources of various universities, universities can effectively avoid uneven distribution of resources, reduce the investment of funds and time in a single university, and improve the resource utilization rate at universities.For AI-based interactive multimedia distance education system, SQL Server 2000 is adopted as the database server in backend development for multimedia instruction. Internet Information Server 5.1 is adopted as the information server, with C# as the development and design language. The browser mode used by the system designed in this paper is less restricted by external hardware conditions, can meet the actual applications between platforms, and can provide students with various online learning support and services. Figure8 shows the software functional design.Figure 8
Software function design.The specific process of realizing the software part of the evaluation module is shown in Figure9.Figure 9
Evaluation process.Let the data obtained by the modules for student’s learning and teachers’ teaching bem and the data processed be stored at a speed of v. If the learning speed of students is v1′,v2′,⋯,vn′, data attributes can be calculated:(8)mv=v1′,v2′,⋯,vn′,v2′,v3′,⋯,vn′,vn′.In the design process for system software of intelligent multimedia distance teaching, teaching resources are rationally distributed system-wise to improve the teaching quality effectively. In the intelligent multimedia distance teaching system, data transmission nodes consume certain energy to sendk-bit data to d node:(9)ETXk,d=ETX−elec⋅k+εfs⋅dn⋅k,ETX−elec⋅k+εmf⋅dn⋅k,After the calculation of the transmission energy loss, the width of the data transmission network can be calculated and allocated reasonably according to the actual resource data. The formula for the width of the network gradient is(10)Br=LM1+α2m−M2M,where L represents the maximum transmission distance between nodes; M represents the maximum network gradient; m represents the network gradient; and α, β adjust the transmission radius of the competing cluster head according to the calculation result of the network gradient width, and the transmission radius of node i is(11)Ai=β⋅ri⋅Br⋅mM,where β represents the transmission radius adjustment coefficient and ri represents the initial transmission radius of the node. Therefore, the transmission energy gain of node i is(12)GaEi=AiEari−Ecoi,where Eari, Ecoi, respectively, represent the energy received and the energy consumed by the node. The final data allocation formula for teaching resources is(13)Wi=1Ai−GaEimaxGaEi−minGaEi,where maxGaEi, minGaEi, respectively, represent the maximum and minimum values of the working energy of node i.By calculating the similarity of the algorithm in this paper, the cosine similarity between the corresponding similar feature vectors can be calculated, and the similarity corresponding to the user (u) and the distance of distance teaching (d) is(14)Simu,d=u⋅du⋅d.For the probabilistic model of multimedia teaching resources, the cosine similarity of feature vectors can be combined. Since self-connection is impossible, the following analysis is used to explain the diversification of user interests in detail.If the given studentu is multimedia teaching based on the classification model with C=c1,c2,⋯,cn, the probability of multimedia teaching (d) being recommended to the user u is(15)pu|d=pu∑j=1npcj|upcj|dpcj.According to the total probability formula, it can be seen that(16)pu,d=∑j=1npu,d|cjpcj.The system records the search history and clicks of users, further seeks their operational behaviors, and uses them as data sources for the model. The coherent operation is completed automatically in the system without disturbing user experience. Firstly, the historical search data of users are saved in the browser to explore their preferences, which are further adjusted based on the search results of their operations. Time tags are added to preference data accordingly. In this paper, a user preference model is established based on vector space to compare system files, which are in natural language.Based on TF-IDF (term-inverse frequency), a vector space model is established after Chinese words are segmented in the IKAnaylyzer Chinese word separation system. The weightwi is calculated according to TF-IDF equation with the number and frequency of occurrences of keywords ki in the document:(17)wi=tfi×idfi,wi=tfi×idfi,where ki is keyword (ki) frequency of all texts generated and idfi is keyword (ki) frequency of all texts generated in reverse order, which are calculated according to the equation below:(18)idfi=logNn,where N represents the volume of texts generated and n represents all texts with keywords ki.Taking into account the factor of keyword time, time tags are added to each keyword according to the search behaviors of users. The keywordski are adjusted according to the following equation:(19)wi′=wi×e−t,where t analyzes the keyword (ki) differences between the latest and current query (within a day), with the web page feature vector:(20)d=k1,w1′,k2,w2′,⋯,ki,wi′,where d is the page feature vector, kii=1,2,⋯,n is the i-th keyword on the present page, and wi is the weight of keyword ki on d page {S35}.The angle (θ) between the user preference vector of Ww1,w2,⋯,wn and the document feature vector of Xx1,x2,⋯,xn is calculated and assessed to compare the model data and preference document. The results indicate that it is inversely proportional to user preferences. Documents with smaller θ have higher correlation with user preferences, with the following equation:(21)simX,W=cosθ=∑i=1nXiWi∑i=1nXi2∑i=1nWi2.


## 3.1. Function Module of Distance Teaching System

The architecture of VR-based interactive multimedia distance education system includes three main layers: business presentation, transaction layer, and data access [14–16]. On-campus/external users access the WebLogic application server through a web browser. At the same time, the management system for educational resources is integrated to support learners throughout the process. The application structure of VR-based distance education management system has four tiers, as shown in Figure 2.Figure 2
System architecture of intelligent multimedia distance teaching system.


### 3.1.1. Business Function Layer

Generate logical function modules that can be displayed to provide real-time feedback to the business requirements of users (mainly from HTML users, JavaApplets, and users of other web pages). In accordance with the real-time request of users, a timely response can be given on the interface. The virtual reality (VR) technology is applied to the construction of the platform, and the main components of the display layer include the web container built-in JSP and wavelets. In accordance with the conditions of processing by layer, logical processing within the business display layer can be carried out. This level is implemented mainly based on the timely feedback results of forwarded requests, which can ensure that it will not affect the transaction layer and the changes in the database, provided that the mode of expression in this layer remains unchanged.


### 3.1.2. Business Agent Layer

The main role of the business agent layer is to implement the combination of the display layer and the functional modules of the business layer, which can improve the re-utilization rate of the logic module effectively. The receiving display layer in the business agent layer can implement the timely issuance of the relevant requests down to the EJB function module, which is responsible for practical business processing according to the request of users in the morning and sending the processing results obtained from the EJB function module down to the display layer. The data interaction process among the business agent layer, the display layer, and the business logic layer mainly involves the collection of data values, which can increase the combination level in the database, improving the readability and reuse efficiency of the code written in the system.


### 3.1.3. Business Logic Layer

This layer serves as the core framework of the whole system, and the business level allows for the provision of an effective interface to the business services at low levels. In general, the business logic layer can also make use of the EJB module in the EJB container to meet the requests of users.


### 3.1.4. Data Resource Layer

This layer, also known as the data access layer, is mainly used for real-time access to the database corresponding to the business logic, which can provide an effective database access interface for the EJB container.Compared with the traditional distance learning systems, the application of the virtual reality technology allows teachers and students to have real-time access to the information on learning resources through the system platform. In this way, schools do not have to provide massive experimental equipment, teaching resources, and distance learning system platforms. Hence, through the interactions between students and teachers, remote course content analysis can be implemented, which is more conducive to facilitating interactive learning between teachers and students. At the same time, based on the application of the virtual reality technology, the course content can be analyzed from the traditional perspective, allowing the students to experience the course content in a realistic way.


## 3.1.1. Business Function Layer

Generate logical function modules that can be displayed to provide real-time feedback to the business requirements of users (mainly from HTML users, JavaApplets, and users of other web pages). In accordance with the real-time request of users, a timely response can be given on the interface. The virtual reality (VR) technology is applied to the construction of the platform, and the main components of the display layer include the web container built-in JSP and wavelets. In accordance with the conditions of processing by layer, logical processing within the business display layer can be carried out. This level is implemented mainly based on the timely feedback results of forwarded requests, which can ensure that it will not affect the transaction layer and the changes in the database, provided that the mode of expression in this layer remains unchanged.


## 3.1.2. Business Agent Layer

The main role of the business agent layer is to implement the combination of the display layer and the functional modules of the business layer, which can improve the re-utilization rate of the logic module effectively. The receiving display layer in the business agent layer can implement the timely issuance of the relevant requests down to the EJB function module, which is responsible for practical business processing according to the request of users in the morning and sending the processing results obtained from the EJB function module down to the display layer. The data interaction process among the business agent layer, the display layer, and the business logic layer mainly involves the collection of data values, which can increase the combination level in the database, improving the readability and reuse efficiency of the code written in the system.


## 3.1.3. Business Logic Layer

This layer serves as the core framework of the whole system, and the business level allows for the provision of an effective interface to the business services at low levels. In general, the business logic layer can also make use of the EJB module in the EJB container to meet the requests of users.


## 3.1.4. Data Resource Layer

This layer, also known as the data access layer, is mainly used for real-time access to the database corresponding to the business logic, which can provide an effective database access interface for the EJB container.Compared with the traditional distance learning systems, the application of the virtual reality technology allows teachers and students to have real-time access to the information on learning resources through the system platform. In this way, schools do not have to provide massive experimental equipment, teaching resources, and distance learning system platforms. Hence, through the interactions between students and teachers, remote course content analysis can be implemented, which is more conducive to facilitating interactive learning between teachers and students. At the same time, based on the application of the virtual reality technology, the course content can be analyzed from the traditional perspective, allowing the students to experience the course content in a realistic way.


## 3.2. System Hardware and Software Design

### 3.2.1. User Login Management Procedure

After registration, users can log in to the system and complete the authentication of login by verifying the user name and account password on the home page of the system established; for users whose accounts do not fall into the category of security account, their operations shall be restricted by using the distance education system. Teachers can check the contents of their own teaching arrangements and the assignment completion status of the students after completing the system registration; students can complete their assignments according to the teaching arrangements of the teachers, submit the assignments in time, and make multiple downloads of the learning materials after completing the registration. The system administrators at the backend can control the teaching backend data of the system effectively after logging in, and their authority is mainly to control various function modules such as user account information and after-school questions and answers for students. Figure3 shows the backend procedure for user login.Figure 3
System user login verification process.


### 3.2.2. Teaching Resource Management

Teachers can click on the keys corresponding to the resources in the process of long transmission of data on the teaching resources to select the educational resources to be used in the classroom. Only in this way can the rapid transmission and the real-time sharing of educational resources be implemented in an efficient manner. The system administrator will allocate the resource data according to the request of users who updated the resource data. Figure4 indicates the transmission process of educational resources between the storage location of the teaching resource data and the data transfer line.Figure 4
Data resource transmission process.


### 3.2.3. Teaching System Management Module

The multimedia intelligent distance learning system established in this paper can implement the effective control of teaching resources in the system by using the management module. Among them, the operations that can be performed mainly include the real-time uploading of educational resource courses, the downloading of relevant materials, the updating of information in the database, the deletion of data, and the implementation of multiple other functions. The functions of the management module in the distance learning system are shown in Figure5.Figure 5
Functions of the system management module.


### 3.2.4. Multimedia Network Teaching Resource Module

The multimedia intelligent distance learning system proposed in this paper mainly applies the proposed virtual reality technology to design this function module. While improving the performance continuously, the application of virtual reality technology can also address many problems of the system, with the following advantages.


### 3.2.5. Breaking the Constraints of Time and Space

During the use of the traditional distance learning systems, students can only learn in the classroom or a specific set occasion. As a result, the students will be subject to a number of factors in the learning process and cannot achieve real-time learning effectively. The application of virtual reality technology is a perfect solution to such problems. It can ensure that the students will not be bound by the constraints of time and space, which will effectively improve the quality of learning and the efficiency of learning.


### 3.2.6. Saving the Costs and Expenses of Learning

During the process of education and learning in the traditional classroom, it is necessary to use the experimental equipment in combination of the textbooks with different subjects. However, it costs a huge amount of money to use the teaching equipment. In case the students accidentally damage some of the teaching equipment during their learning process, the expenses thus incurred will be even higher. The virtual reality technology can be used to reuse the resources, which can effectively reduce the learning costs and ensure the effective improvement in the learning efficiency of the students.


### 3.2.7. Making Learning More Flexible and Open

In the traditional education process, the students have to apply for the use of limited education resources such as the teaching instruments and learning materials according to the time period of the class. The application of the virtual reality technology can ensure that the students can carry out targeted learning according to their own after-school time in the multimedia intelligent distance learning system for the pre-test and after-school review of the course they are studying, so that they can carry out the review and achieve the mastery of the learning content freely and comprehensively.The teaching architecture of the multimedia intelligent distance learning system is shown in Figure6. In accordance with the structure of the model in Figure 6, it can be observed that the main teaching resource cognition, the structural function optimization, the testing function, and the training function can be fully implemented by using the multimedia intelligent distance learning module designed. The multimedia intelligent distance learning system is shown in Figure 6.Figure 6
Multimedia teaching module.The interactive multimedia distance education system designed in this paper mainly uses Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 as the tool for system development and borrows SQL Server 2005 as the research database. Also, the system frame structure uses the three-tier architecture of B/S (browser/web server/database server). The system can provide effective educational services for teachers, students, and background managers. The functional development frame diagram of the interactive multimedia distance education system is shown in Figure7.Figure 7
Functional development framework of interactive multimedia distance education system.In the case of using VR technology, the design of interactive multimedia distance education system is completed. The learning resources that can be obtained by the system mainly include different types of educational electronic courses, course video teaching, electronic resources, and so on, and “packaging” can also be used. Based on VR, not only Internet services can be offered to students but also other information education can be provided. Students complete the development of different modules according to a specific language framework, combining with VR technology, share educational resources, and reduce resource waste and excessive development as much as possible.The combination of VR technology and NC high-performance laboratory fully ensures that the application value of VR technology in the interactive multimedia distance education system can be effectively played. Then, in the process of using the interactive multimedia distance education system, VR technology highlights the advantages in education, mainly about its impact on the establishment of educational resources and the changes in educational models.(1)
At present, some schools or education and training institutions have lower requirements for computer configuration, and it requires no heavy investment of educational resources in procuring equipment and facilities with high performance or renovating old equipment, thereby effectively reducing the cost of hardware and software for school education resources. Usually, the corresponding resources can be provided only by configuring the basic computer target.(2)
VR technology can provide safe and reliable data storage of educational resources for teaching resources and can ensure the safety and accuracy of data transmission for teachers and students, so that there is no need to worry about hacking and virus invasion. In the event of data loss due to hardware damage to computer equipment, educational activities for students can continue elsewhere.(3)
It is necessary to make full use of limited resources for the construction of Chinese education and educational institutions, schools, and other educational resources. It is necessary to establish a resource pool. With the help of the existing educational resources of various universities, universities can effectively avoid uneven distribution of resources, reduce the investment of funds and time in a single university, and improve the resource utilization rate at universities.For AI-based interactive multimedia distance education system, SQL Server 2000 is adopted as the database server in backend development for multimedia instruction. Internet Information Server 5.1 is adopted as the information server, with C# as the development and design language. The browser mode used by the system designed in this paper is less restricted by external hardware conditions, can meet the actual applications between platforms, and can provide students with various online learning support and services. Figure8 shows the software functional design.Figure 8
Software function design.The specific process of realizing the software part of the evaluation module is shown in Figure9.Figure 9
Evaluation process.Let the data obtained by the modules for student’s learning and teachers’ teaching bem and the data processed be stored at a speed of v. If the learning speed of students is v1′,v2′,⋯,vn′, data attributes can be calculated:(8)mv=v1′,v2′,⋯,vn′,v2′,v3′,⋯,vn′,vn′.In the design process for system software of intelligent multimedia distance teaching, teaching resources are rationally distributed system-wise to improve the teaching quality effectively. In the intelligent multimedia distance teaching system, data transmission nodes consume certain energy to sendk-bit data to d node:(9)ETXk,d=ETX−elec⋅k+εfs⋅dn⋅k,ETX−elec⋅k+εmf⋅dn⋅k,After the calculation of the transmission energy loss, the width of the data transmission network can be calculated and allocated reasonably according to the actual resource data. The formula for the width of the network gradient is(10)Br=LM1+α2m−M2M,where L represents the maximum transmission distance between nodes; M represents the maximum network gradient; m represents the network gradient; and α, β adjust the transmission radius of the competing cluster head according to the calculation result of the network gradient width, and the transmission radius of node i is(11)Ai=β⋅ri⋅Br⋅mM,where β represents the transmission radius adjustment coefficient and ri represents the initial transmission radius of the node. Therefore, the transmission energy gain of node i is(12)GaEi=AiEari−Ecoi,where Eari, Ecoi, respectively, represent the energy received and the energy consumed by the node. The final data allocation formula for teaching resources is(13)Wi=1Ai−GaEimaxGaEi−minGaEi,where maxGaEi, minGaEi, respectively, represent the maximum and minimum values of the working energy of node i.By calculating the similarity of the algorithm in this paper, the cosine similarity between the corresponding similar feature vectors can be calculated, and the similarity corresponding to the user (u) and the distance of distance teaching (d) is(14)Simu,d=u⋅du⋅d.For the probabilistic model of multimedia teaching resources, the cosine similarity of feature vectors can be combined. Since self-connection is impossible, the following analysis is used to explain the diversification of user interests in detail.If the given studentu is multimedia teaching based on the classification model with C=c1,c2,⋯,cn, the probability of multimedia teaching (d) being recommended to the user u is(15)pu|d=pu∑j=1npcj|upcj|dpcj.According to the total probability formula, it can be seen that(16)pu,d=∑j=1npu,d|cjpcj.The system records the search history and clicks of users, further seeks their operational behaviors, and uses them as data sources for the model. The coherent operation is completed automatically in the system without disturbing user experience. Firstly, the historical search data of users are saved in the browser to explore their preferences, which are further adjusted based on the search results of their operations. Time tags are added to preference data accordingly. In this paper, a user preference model is established based on vector space to compare system files, which are in natural language.Based on TF-IDF (term-inverse frequency), a vector space model is established after Chinese words are segmented in the IKAnaylyzer Chinese word separation system. The weightwi is calculated according to TF-IDF equation with the number and frequency of occurrences of keywords ki in the document:(17)wi=tfi×idfi,wi=tfi×idfi,where ki is keyword (ki) frequency of all texts generated and idfi is keyword (ki) frequency of all texts generated in reverse order, which are calculated according to the equation below:(18)idfi=logNn,where N represents the volume of texts generated and n represents all texts with keywords ki.Taking into account the factor of keyword time, time tags are added to each keyword according to the search behaviors of users. The keywordski are adjusted according to the following equation:(19)wi′=wi×e−t,where t analyzes the keyword (ki) differences between the latest and current query (within a day), with the web page feature vector:(20)d=k1,w1′,k2,w2′,⋯,ki,wi′,where d is the page feature vector, kii=1,2,⋯,n is the i-th keyword on the present page, and wi is the weight of keyword ki on d page {S35}.The angle (θ) between the user preference vector of Ww1,w2,⋯,wn and the document feature vector of Xx1,x2,⋯,xn is calculated and assessed to compare the model data and preference document. The results indicate that it is inversely proportional to user preferences. Documents with smaller θ have higher correlation with user preferences, with the following equation:(21)simX,W=cosθ=∑i=1nXiWi∑i=1nXi2∑i=1nWi2.


## 3.2.1. User Login Management Procedure

After registration, users can log in to the system and complete the authentication of login by verifying the user name and account password on the home page of the system established; for users whose accounts do not fall into the category of security account, their operations shall be restricted by using the distance education system. Teachers can check the contents of their own teaching arrangements and the assignment completion status of the students after completing the system registration; students can complete their assignments according to the teaching arrangements of the teachers, submit the assignments in time, and make multiple downloads of the learning materials after completing the registration. The system administrators at the backend can control the teaching backend data of the system effectively after logging in, and their authority is mainly to control various function modules such as user account information and after-school questions and answers for students. Figure3 shows the backend procedure for user login.Figure 3
System user login verification process.


## 3.2.2. Teaching Resource Management

Teachers can click on the keys corresponding to the resources in the process of long transmission of data on the teaching resources to select the educational resources to be used in the classroom. Only in this way can the rapid transmission and the real-time sharing of educational resources be implemented in an efficient manner. The system administrator will allocate the resource data according to the request of users who updated the resource data. Figure4 indicates the transmission process of educational resources between the storage location of the teaching resource data and the data transfer line.Figure 4
Data resource transmission process.


## 3.2.3. Teaching System Management Module

The multimedia intelligent distance learning system established in this paper can implement the effective control of teaching resources in the system by using the management module. Among them, the operations that can be performed mainly include the real-time uploading of educational resource courses, the downloading of relevant materials, the updating of information in the database, the deletion of data, and the implementation of multiple other functions. The functions of the management module in the distance learning system are shown in Figure5.Figure 5
Functions of the system management module.


## 3.2.4. Multimedia Network Teaching Resource Module

The multimedia intelligent distance learning system proposed in this paper mainly applies the proposed virtual reality technology to design this function module. While improving the performance continuously, the application of virtual reality technology can also address many problems of the system, with the following advantages.


## 3.2.5. Breaking the Constraints of Time and Space

During the use of the traditional distance learning systems, students can only learn in the classroom or a specific set occasion. As a result, the students will be subject to a number of factors in the learning process and cannot achieve real-time learning effectively. The application of virtual reality technology is a perfect solution to such problems. It can ensure that the students will not be bound by the constraints of time and space, which will effectively improve the quality of learning and the efficiency of learning.


## 3.2.6. Saving the Costs and Expenses of Learning

During the process of education and learning in the traditional classroom, it is necessary to use the experimental equipment in combination of the textbooks with different subjects. However, it costs a huge amount of money to use the teaching equipment. In case the students accidentally damage some of the teaching equipment during their learning process, the expenses thus incurred will be even higher. The virtual reality technology can be used to reuse the resources, which can effectively reduce the learning costs and ensure the effective improvement in the learning efficiency of the students.


## 3.2.7. Making Learning More Flexible and Open

In the traditional education process, the students have to apply for the use of limited education resources such as the teaching instruments and learning materials according to the time period of the class. The application of the virtual reality technology can ensure that the students can carry out targeted learning according to their own after-school time in the multimedia intelligent distance learning system for the pre-test and after-school review of the course they are studying, so that they can carry out the review and achieve the mastery of the learning content freely and comprehensively.The teaching architecture of the multimedia intelligent distance learning system is shown in Figure6. In accordance with the structure of the model in Figure 6, it can be observed that the main teaching resource cognition, the structural function optimization, the testing function, and the training function can be fully implemented by using the multimedia intelligent distance learning module designed. The multimedia intelligent distance learning system is shown in Figure 6.Figure 6
Multimedia teaching module.The interactive multimedia distance education system designed in this paper mainly uses Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 as the tool for system development and borrows SQL Server 2005 as the research database. Also, the system frame structure uses the three-tier architecture of B/S (browser/web server/database server). The system can provide effective educational services for teachers, students, and background managers. The functional development frame diagram of the interactive multimedia distance education system is shown in Figure7.Figure 7
Functional development framework of interactive multimedia distance education system.In the case of using VR technology, the design of interactive multimedia distance education system is completed. The learning resources that can be obtained by the system mainly include different types of educational electronic courses, course video teaching, electronic resources, and so on, and “packaging” can also be used. Based on VR, not only Internet services can be offered to students but also other information education can be provided. Students complete the development of different modules according to a specific language framework, combining with VR technology, share educational resources, and reduce resource waste and excessive development as much as possible.The combination of VR technology and NC high-performance laboratory fully ensures that the application value of VR technology in the interactive multimedia distance education system can be effectively played. Then, in the process of using the interactive multimedia distance education system, VR technology highlights the advantages in education, mainly about its impact on the establishment of educational resources and the changes in educational models.(1)
At present, some schools or education and training institutions have lower requirements for computer configuration, and it requires no heavy investment of educational resources in procuring equipment and facilities with high performance or renovating old equipment, thereby effectively reducing the cost of hardware and software for school education resources. Usually, the corresponding resources can be provided only by configuring the basic computer target.(2)
VR technology can provide safe and reliable data storage of educational resources for teaching resources and can ensure the safety and accuracy of data transmission for teachers and students, so that there is no need to worry about hacking and virus invasion. In the event of data loss due to hardware damage to computer equipment, educational activities for students can continue elsewhere.(3)
It is necessary to make full use of limited resources for the construction of Chinese education and educational institutions, schools, and other educational resources. It is necessary to establish a resource pool. With the help of the existing educational resources of various universities, universities can effectively avoid uneven distribution of resources, reduce the investment of funds and time in a single university, and improve the resource utilization rate at universities.For AI-based interactive multimedia distance education system, SQL Server 2000 is adopted as the database server in backend development for multimedia instruction. Internet Information Server 5.1 is adopted as the information server, with C# as the development and design language. The browser mode used by the system designed in this paper is less restricted by external hardware conditions, can meet the actual applications between platforms, and can provide students with various online learning support and services. Figure8 shows the software functional design.Figure 8
Software function design.The specific process of realizing the software part of the evaluation module is shown in Figure9.Figure 9
Evaluation process.Let the data obtained by the modules for student’s learning and teachers’ teaching bem and the data processed be stored at a speed of v. If the learning speed of students is v1′,v2′,⋯,vn′, data attributes can be calculated:(8)mv=v1′,v2′,⋯,vn′,v2′,v3′,⋯,vn′,vn′.In the design process for system software of intelligent multimedia distance teaching, teaching resources are rationally distributed system-wise to improve the teaching quality effectively. In the intelligent multimedia distance teaching system, data transmission nodes consume certain energy to sendk-bit data to d node:(9)ETXk,d=ETX−elec⋅k+εfs⋅dn⋅k,ETX−elec⋅k+εmf⋅dn⋅k,After the calculation of the transmission energy loss, the width of the data transmission network can be calculated and allocated reasonably according to the actual resource data. The formula for the width of the network gradient is(10)Br=LM1+α2m−M2M,where L represents the maximum transmission distance between nodes; M represents the maximum network gradient; m represents the network gradient; and α, β adjust the transmission radius of the competing cluster head according to the calculation result of the network gradient width, and the transmission radius of node i is(11)Ai=β⋅ri⋅Br⋅mM,where β represents the transmission radius adjustment coefficient and ri represents the initial transmission radius of the node. Therefore, the transmission energy gain of node i is(12)GaEi=AiEari−Ecoi,where Eari, Ecoi, respectively, represent the energy received and the energy consumed by the node. The final data allocation formula for teaching resources is(13)Wi=1Ai−GaEimaxGaEi−minGaEi,where maxGaEi, minGaEi, respectively, represent the maximum and minimum values of the working energy of node i.By calculating the similarity of the algorithm in this paper, the cosine similarity between the corresponding similar feature vectors can be calculated, and the similarity corresponding to the user (u) and the distance of distance teaching (d) is(14)Simu,d=u⋅du⋅d.For the probabilistic model of multimedia teaching resources, the cosine similarity of feature vectors can be combined. Since self-connection is impossible, the following analysis is used to explain the diversification of user interests in detail.If the given studentu is multimedia teaching based on the classification model with C=c1,c2,⋯,cn, the probability of multimedia teaching (d) being recommended to the user u is(15)pu|d=pu∑j=1npcj|upcj|dpcj.According to the total probability formula, it can be seen that(16)pu,d=∑j=1npu,d|cjpcj.The system records the search history and clicks of users, further seeks their operational behaviors, and uses them as data sources for the model. The coherent operation is completed automatically in the system without disturbing user experience. Firstly, the historical search data of users are saved in the browser to explore their preferences, which are further adjusted based on the search results of their operations. Time tags are added to preference data accordingly. In this paper, a user preference model is established based on vector space to compare system files, which are in natural language.Based on TF-IDF (term-inverse frequency), a vector space model is established after Chinese words are segmented in the IKAnaylyzer Chinese word separation system. The weightwi is calculated according to TF-IDF equation with the number and frequency of occurrences of keywords ki in the document:(17)wi=tfi×idfi,wi=tfi×idfi,where ki is keyword (ki) frequency of all texts generated and idfi is keyword (ki) frequency of all texts generated in reverse order, which are calculated according to the equation below:(18)idfi=logNn,where N represents the volume of texts generated and n represents all texts with keywords ki.Taking into account the factor of keyword time, time tags are added to each keyword according to the search behaviors of users. The keywordski are adjusted according to the following equation:(19)wi′=wi×e−t,where t analyzes the keyword (ki) differences between the latest and current query (within a day), with the web page feature vector:(20)d=k1,w1′,k2,w2′,⋯,ki,wi′,where d is the page feature vector, kii=1,2,⋯,n is the i-th keyword on the present page, and wi is the weight of keyword ki on d page {S35}.The angle (θ) between the user preference vector of Ww1,w2,⋯,wn and the document feature vector of Xx1,x2,⋯,xn is calculated and assessed to compare the model data and preference document. The results indicate that it is inversely proportional to user preferences. Documents with smaller θ have higher correlation with user preferences, with the following equation:(21)simX,W=cosθ=∑i=1nXiWi∑i=1nXi2∑i=1nWi2.


## 4. Analysis of Experiment and Results

Table1 describes the settings of experimental parameters.Table 1
Parameters in the experiment.
ItemParameterHost serverIPC-610LCPUi5 9400FMicroserverAMD Opteron X3216RAM/GB 88Figure10 shows the environment established in the test based on the content above.Figure 10
Experimental environment settings.To breach the system, illegal members have to get the permission first, while they are unable to do so due to the restrictions of firewall.The comparison results of the transmission energy consumption of the three systems are shown in Figure11.Figure 11
Comparison results of transmission energy consumption.According to the test results of transmission energy consumption in Figure11, it can be seen that the total transmission energy consumed by the interactive multimedia distance education system is always maintained at a low value while the transmission data are continuously increasing. Although the transmission of data information continues to increase, the energy consumption of the system in transmission remains low. It can be explained that the data energy consumption of the transmission of educational resources in the system is less affected by the data scale. However, the transmission energy consumption under the method used in [4] changes significantly with the continuous increase of the scale of data information, which can indicate that the energy consumption of the method used in [4] is unstable. The transmission energy and energy consumption can be maintained in a stable state under the method in [5]. As the system consumes more energy in total than the designed value, the proposed interactive multimedia distance education system is superior in the transmission of resource data.Figure12 shows the results of comparison among three systems in their transmission SNR.Figure 12
Comparison result of transmission SNR.From the analysis of Figure12, it can be seen that the designed system has a higher transmission SNR of educational resources than the other two systems in the literature. Thus, the designed system has better performance.The big data are used to perform comparative analysis on the effect of interactive multimedia distance education system based on the traditional system and the VR. According to 500 points of students, as shown in Table2, the results of two kinds of distance education are compared.Table 2
Comparative analysis of scores based on two distance teaching methods.
Students/head countTraditional system/scoreVR-based intelligent multimedia distance teaching system/score2003004504002804806002854858002704751000265475Table2 indicates that for 200 students, the maximum score is 300 points based on the traditional system; for 1,000 students, the minimum score is 265 points based on the traditional system. For 600 students, a maximum score of 485 points can be obtained by using the VR-based interactive multimedia distance education system; for 200 students, a minimum of 450 points can be obtained by using the VR-based interactive multimedia distance education system. To sum up, by using the interactive multimedia distance education system based on VR technology, students’ interest in learning can be more stimulated.Based on the above content, Figure13 shows the results of comparing and analyzing teaching efficiency using the two systems.Figure 13
Comparative analysis of two systems in terms of teaching efficiency.It can be seen from Figure13 that the teaching efficiency based on traditional and AI systems is 59.9% and 88% for 10 s; 61% and 91% for 20 s; 92% and 61% for 30 s; and 93% and 62% for 40 s, respectively. Initially, both systems were affected by the delay, and the efficiency of education decreased. After that, the AI-based system starts faster, and the system quickly returns to normal mode. As mentioned above, the VR-based interactive multimedia distance education system is designed rationally.


## 5. Conclusion

As multimedia technology continues to progress, more attention has been paid to the resources of teaching platforms gradually. However, the data resources in traditional teaching platforms fail to comply with students’ practical demand. For the purpose of enhancing the effect of interactive multimedia distance education systems in improving students’ performance, VR technology is applied to system design. The linkage between multimedia and students is used to break the traditional teaching space and time and allows students to complete the learning of course content at any time and any place. The results of the experiment indicate that the proposed system can engage the students more effectively in learning the course content by using VR teaching experience equipment based on their practical situations as compared to the traditional system based on augmented reality. This shows that the VR technology is effective, enabling students to use the intelligent multimedia distance teaching system so that they can be more interested in studying and achieving better academic performance.



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*Source: 1811436-2022-09-19.xml*