Related methodologies have been widely applied to MR analysis of other tissues such as breast and brain [23,24].

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The shape and size of ribosomal peaks 18S and 28S were also used for visual evaluation of RNA integrity as described in the “manual method” by Strand et al. (2007).

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The original cut-off of 0.50, as well the alternative cut-off of 0.6245, which was reported to be associated with a specificity of 90% (Wolfe et al., 2010), was used.

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There are also some studies on applying differential privacy to non-interactive frequent sequence mining [8, 9].

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…2653
Changes in an animal’s behavior measured in relearning sessions some time after initial learning may reflect effects on many processes, including performance as well as acquisition, consolidation, retention, and retrieval of memory (Abel and Lattal 2001; Cahill et al. 2001; Wang et al. 2006b).

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nidulans with a bacterial species in combination with expression and histone profiling showed that expression of the orsellinic acid pathway is triggered by co-cultivation most likely through histone modifications [23, 122, 152].

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Endorsement rate interpretation bias was significantly but moderately correlated with reaction time interpretation bias, suggesting that the two measures assess separate but related processes (Amir et al. 2012; Beard and Amir 2009).

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Homeostatic Model Assessment–Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated as follows: HOMA-IR = fasting glucose value (mg/dl) × fasting insulin value (μU/ml)/405 (Matthews et al. 1985).

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It is noteworthy that the association of some top-ranked genes to syndromic deafness forms does not exclude them from being good NSHL candidates, as clearly demonstrated by USH1C involved both in Usher syndrome type 1C [36], and NSHL [37,38], depending on which mutations it undergoes.

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Although it is difficult to compare the findings of studies because differences in the definitions of success or cure, our results are similar to those reported previously [9, 13‚Äö√Ñ√¨16].

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Strikingly, a multiple sequence alignment revealed that 15 of 50 SspA orthologs contain either Asp or Glu at position 92 instead of Tyr [42], which further emphasizes the

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In terms of Parkinson disease surgery, the results are variable but there is likely a significant placebo effect in this case as well (Freed et al., 2001; McRae et al., 2004).

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Abeler et al. (2010) enlarge the scope of this
10
critical view on wage equality: interestingly, in their setup it is precisely the presence of fair-minded agents and not their absence that calls for the use of individual rewards.

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…results at best with some studies showing a relationship between obesity levels and distance to food outlets (Frank et al., 2004; Lopez-Zetina et al., 2006) while others have shown no relationship (Liu et al., 2002; Kelly-Schwartz et al., 2004; Burdette and Whitaker, 2004; Ewing et al., 2006).

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Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders were derived from a structured interview, the SCID [26, 27], a systematic review of the medical record and clinician information.

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RNA-seq reads were analyzed with JAGuaR (Junction Alignments to Genome for RNA-Seq Reads; Butterfield et al. 2014) to include alignments to a database of exon junction sequences and subsequent repositioning onto the genomic reference.

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To measure funding costs, we use the implicit interest rate on a bank’s interest-bearing liabilities, i.e., total interest expenses divided by interest-bearing liabilities (Demirgüç-Kunt and Huizinga, 2004).

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Embryogenic callus has been obtained in different Citrus species and explants such as nucellus (Kayim and Koc 2006); ovule (Froelicher et al. 2007); style and stigma (Carimi et al. 1999); anther (Germanà and Chiancone 2003); leaf, cotyledon and root segments (Gill et al. 1995).

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[6] and Albal et al. [9, lo] found no influence of the pressure on the volumetric liquid-phase mass transfer coefficient and on the interfacial area, while Sridhar and Potter [ 11, 121 report an increase in the interfacial area of as much as 75% for a pressure increase from 0.1 to 1.1 MPa. The contradictory results of the above-mentioned authors can lead to considerable miscalculations, whatever correlation is taken. In this paper all major studies on the influence of pressure on mass transfer phenomena in gas-liquid systems and reactors are reviewed critically. Points of agreement and conflict are indicated and discussed in order to improve understanding of the mass transfer 0255-2701/89/%3.50 Chem. Eng. Process., 25 (1989) M-98 0 Elsevier Sequoia/Printed in The Netherlands

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In
accordance with previous studies, p16 positivity by IHC was defined as strong and diffuse nuclear and cytoplasmic staining in ≥70% of the tumor cells [16, 17].

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Pesticide residues in food have historically lagged far behind many comparable hazards as a cause for public health concern and action (Correia et al., 2000; Eskenazi et al., 2008).

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In contrast to these invertebrate chordates, primitive jawless vertebrates (lamprey and hagfish) possess three to seven Hox clusters, most probably through independent cluster duplications in the agnathan lineage [5-7].

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Numerous approaches have been tried, including perceptually motivated methods [1,2, 3,4], parametric signal model-based methods [5,6], classification-based methods [7] and parametric spectrum model-based methods [8,9,10,11].

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Assessing Risk of Bias
Critical appraisal of the studies, based on the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool (Higgins and Green 2009), involved assessing whether there was an adequate method of sequence generation, allocation concealment, blinding of assessors, satisfactory treatment of attrition, including…

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For the present study, the estimated 227,000 PLHCV were distributed across Australia according to the above-described model [8].

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…in contrast, is roughly in line with values from MG and MW and lends support to the suggestion that this species is better able to cope with disturbance to its habitat, as it is more generalist in terms of ecological requirements than colobines (Cowlishaw and Dunbar 2000; Rovero et al. 2006, 2012).

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In light of these qualities, we used Bayesian regression to determine the parameters of all the candidate models based on (normalized) WMFT and MAL AOU data in the immediate group following therapy for each individual participant (N = 48).

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We use AdaDelta (Zeiler, 2012) to train the MLP with a dropout rate (Srivastava et al., 2014) 0.01.

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Frataxin has been proposed to be either the iron donor for Fe-S cluster biosynthesis or a regulatory protein that inhibits Fe-S cluster formation [11,22].

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…complexity, distractor number, speed, and interobject distance have been shown to affect capacity (Alvarez & Franconeri, 2007; Bettencourt & Somers, 2009; Franconeri, Alvarez, & Enns, 2007; Horowitz et al., 2007; Tombu & Seiffert, 2011; Vogel et al., 2005; Xu & Chun, 2006; Zanto & Gazzaley, 2009).

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Importantly, nosocomial candidemia is associated with an unacceptably high mortality ranging between 30% and 50% (Gudlaugsson et al., 2003; Wisplinghoff et al., 2004; Zaoutis et al., 2005).

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In order to compare our system with the state of the art, we implement the methods of [3] and [21] which report their accuracy rate as 98.

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Low anterior resection for rectal cancer is associated with a high risk of clinical anastomotic leakage [1–7].

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Recurrence-free survival (RFS), OS and gene set expression comparison analyses (GSA) were done using the National Cancer Institute Biometric Research Branch ArrayTools software [28,29].

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Furthermore, at many places the compact lamination of the
granule cells is lost resulting in granule cell dispersion (GCD; Houser, 1990).

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Piperlongumine (PL) obtained from the fruits and roots of the long pepper plant is a pyridine alkaloid that has been reported to selectively exert cytotoxicity in a wide variety of tumor cell types both in vitro and in vivo, while sparing non-cancerous normal cell types (3).

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) In their classic paper (Hennessy and Milner, 1985), Hennessy and Milner defined an alternative non-increasing (with respect to set inclusion) sequence 'i, i ≥ 0, of approximants to bisimilarity as follows:

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[6] use a 3D-Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network to directly reconstruct a voxelized shape from multiple images of the object.

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The stimulation of chondrocyte and/or osteoblast cell proliferation induced by PEMFs has been shown to have a positive effect in the treatment of fracture healing [22].

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Maximum metal levels chosen for the pilot experiment were based on published experiments in which mice or rats had been fed with Cu or Zn salts (Cunnane et al. 1986; Massie and Aiello 1979; Olafson 1983; Pocino et al. 1991, 1990; Sato et al. 1997; Zhang et al. 1994).

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Only a small proportion of relevant trials are incorporated into systematic reviews [6].

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To study connections spanning the cortex, we defined 90 anatomical ROIs based on Brodmann Areas spanning both the right and left cortical hemispheres using the WFU_PickAtlas toolbox [44].

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Hence, given the way it was defined, the Maintain-2 position proposed by Hendriks et al. (2014) could correspond more closely to what we defined as our first shift in focus toward the second character in our stories.

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…and overexpressors of circadian clock– related factors, including PRR5 and ZTL, are also affected in hypocotyl elongation during deetiolation (Sato et al., 2002;
(A) Five-day-old etiolated wild-type (Columbia [Col.]), ztl-3, and fkf1 seedlings were exposed to white light for 9 h and then…

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…the same dose range, produces significant anti-epileptic (Moldrich et al., 2001; Bond et al., 1999), anti-nociceptic (Simmons et al., 2002), and anti-addictive effects (Adewale et al., 2006; Baptista et al., 2004; Bossert et al., 2006b; Peters and Kalivas, 2006; Pfaus, 2009; Shimura et al., 1994).

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When the ROS content is excessively high in plant cells, NO by itself can interact with O2 - to become peroxynitrite (ONOO-) (Lipton et al. 1993; Yamasaki et al. 1999).

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Previous studies have revealed that the 3MT had a moderate to high test–retest reliability (Burnley et al. 2006; Johnson et al. 2011; Cheng et al. 2012) and that the end-test power (EP) derived using the 3MT can appropriately determine the CP value estimated using the traditional work − time and power − 1/ time CP models (Vanhatalo et al.

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In contrast, Go stimuli elicit the parietally distributed P300 (Falkenstein et al., 1999).

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We implement our method using the Caffe [10] framework and the source code is available at https://github.com/SSAW14/LearnableDilationNetwork.

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Furthermore, to confirm that decreases in Fos expression were not simply caused by decreases in the total number of neurons within connected nuclei, we also quantified the number of neurons (labeled by the neuron-specific nuclear protein NeuN; Mullen et al., 1992) within each nucleus analyzed for Fos (Experiment 2).

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Computational problems that are susceptible of being solved by sensor fields can be stated in the following way [2]: Sensing Problem Π: Given an n-tuple of data streams u = (uk)1≤k≤n for some n ≥ 1, compute an m-tuple of data streams v = (vk)1≤k≤m for some m ≤ n such that RΠ(u[1, t],v[1, t]) is satisfied for every t ≥ 1.

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For t = 2 this definition reduces to that of the Stern polynomials defined in [6], and polynomials closely related to a1(n; z) were studied in [1] and [14].

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The insulin dose employed in this study was based on previous work in which the amount of insulin required to achieve a significant signal was determined [23, 24].

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Seed longevity is associated with testa color in Arabidopsis (Debeaujon et al. 2000).

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East Asian H. pylori strains possess a D motif within CagA in place of the western C motif and this has been shown to be a potent inducer of SHP-2 phosphatase (Higashi et al., 2002a; Azuma et al., 2004).

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Principal component analysis (PCA) [33] was performed to assess the possible components of proteins measured and whether they differed between KOA patients and controls.

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Moreover, some comprehensive databases, such as Phytozome, GreenPhylDB, and PLAZA supply bioinformatic utilities for TF investigation (Rouard et al. 2011; Goodstein et al. 2012; Proost et al. 2015).

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The HA Stretch Determines 5-HT3 Receptor Rectification— The of homomeric 5-HT3A receptors is 1 pS, and 5-HTevoked currents exhibit an inwardly rectifying I-V relationship (3).

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The soft radiation is coherently sensitive to the colour structure of the hard process from which it is emitted [36–39, 63, 64].

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However, we did not observe any association of maternal free thyroxine with child neurodevelopmental outcomes, agreeing with the Project Viva results (11) but not with those of other studies (8‚Äì10, 43).

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Poon and Maloney [10] discussed circuit improvements to counter the effect of gate leakage in MOSFET capacitors

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First, we consider the dataset of Conneau et al. [2018], which consists of word embeddings trained with fastText on Wikipedia and parallel dictionaries for 110 language pairs.

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For instance, some models posit that control is eventually allocated to whichever system yields greater accuracy (Daw et al., 2005) or reward (Rieskamp & Otto, 2006).

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To evaluate whether there may be a different discriminatory one that applies to bedside ultrasonography, we set up an nalysis similar to the one originally described by Kadar et al.(9) rom our total 256 patients, 161 (63%) were ultimately lassified after follow-up as having an intrauterine pregnancy hat was visualizable.

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where G and A [18] measure the relative strength of cell–cell and cell–matrix adhesion and apoptosis, respectively: G = (λM/λR) * (1 − B) (14) A = (λA/λM – B)/(1 – B) (15) Boundary equations for and p can be obtained: ( ) = 1 (16) (p) = κ − AG(x 2 )/2d (17) in a d-dimensional tumor (d = 2, 3).

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Pricing via a coherent risk measure was first introduced by Artzner et al. (1999) and it reduces to a search for the infimum of all risk measures over an acceptance set.

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…(2008), 135, 795–806. f 2008 Cambridge University Press doi:10.1017/S0031182008000292 Printed in the United Kingdom
Downloaded: 30 Jun 2008journals.cambridge.org
variability in parasites (Pieniazek et al. 1999; Chicharro, Jimenez and Alvar, 2003; Pratlong et al. 2003).

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heavy exercise intensities (Krustrup et al. 2009; Ozyener et al. 2001; rossiter et al. 2002) whereas studies that measured EPOc magnitude and duration to the point at which resting metabolism was restored found that both EPOc magnitude and duration showed significant differences with changes in exercise intensity (Short and Sedlock 1997; Smith and Mc naughton 1993).

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‚Ä¶farm (MSHR0169) was
 performed using MGAP (https://github.com/dsarov/MGAP‚Äî Microbial-Genome-Assembler-Pipeline), a tool that incorporates Velvet (Zerbino & Birney, 2008), VelvetOptimiser (https://github.com/tseemann/VelvetOptimiser), GapFiller (Boetzer & Pirovano, 2012), ABACAS (Assefa et al.,‚Ä¶

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Several fundamental properties are notable in cellular expression and subcellular localization of PLCb1 in the rodent brain (Watanabe et al., 1998a; Nakamura et al.,
d.
2004; Nomura et al., 2007; Fukaya et al., 2008).

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The second group (Ah-type neurons) displays broader action potentials than Atype neurons, exhibits a small hump on the falling phase of the action potential, and have axons that conduct in the slow myelinated fiber range (Stansfeld and Wallis 1985, Li and Schild 2007b).

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…assets (Markusen, 1984; 2002), the advantages of horizontal (Horstmann and Markusen, 1992; Markusen and Venables, 2000) and vertical integration (Aghion and Tirole, 1997; Grossman and Hart, 1986), and the advantages of subcontracting and licensing versus FDI (Ethier and Markusen, 1996; Helpman…

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However, unlike Cochrane and Saa-Requejo (2000), the authors do not use a Sharpe ratio criterion to restrict the price interval for assets in incomplete markets, but a generalized version of the coherent risk measure first introduced by Artzner et al. (1999).

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It is worth noting that, when 1 = 0, our method will reduce to the multi-level task grouping method (MLMT-T) [6].

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In vivo investigation of NF-κB inhibition in acidic bile-treated hypopharyngeal mucosa, supported by future global molecular sequencing analysis, may provide insights into the effective prevention of the induced premalignant phenotype and deregulated oncogenic signaling pathways, previously linked to HNSCC [36].

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During this session, hypnosis was induced for the third time using an Italian translation of the original American protocol of the Stanford Hypnotic Clinical Scale (SHCS) [66].

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1kb /3-actin cDNA (11) was released by BamHl digestion; the 662-base pair full length IGF-1 cDNA was obtained from plasmid phIGF-1 (12) by Pstl digestion; the Xbal-BamH\ fragment of the human IGF1-R cDNA was released from plasmid pCVN-IGF-lR

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They introduce the concept of Relaxed Tightest Fragment (RTF) as the basic result type and propose a new filtering mechanism to overcome the false positive problem and redundancy problem in Max-Match [30].

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Drug specific parameters and parameter estimation
 Tissue/plasma concentration ratios (Kp) were predicted for each tissue using the equations proposed by Poulin and Theil [24], Kp for the rest of body was optimised so that the predicted volume of distribution at steady state (VSS) is the same as the observed in vivo value using the following equation [25]
 Kp;REST ¬º VSS;Obs VP
 P Kp;T VT
 70 P VT √∞2√û
 The same Kp was assumed for adults and children and values for different tissues are presented in Table 1.

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They typically appear in a CT scan as a low-density area similar to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) [13].

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Evidence has been presented for the importance of salt marsh plants in determining distribution patterns of the diazotrophic bacteria Bagwell et al. 1998; 2001; Lovell et al. 2000; Piceno and Lovell 2000a; b; Piceno et al. 1999 .

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In agreement with previous reports that support DNA molecules as both spacer donors and interference targets (Barrangou et al., 2007; Brouns et al., 2008; Lillestøl et al., 2006; Marraffini & Sontheimer, 2008; Mojica et al., 2009; Semenova et al., 2009; Vestergaard et al., 2008), given a common point of reference for orientation of spacers, proto-spacers match both strands of the carrier DNA molecule and any direction of transcription, and are found even in non-coding regions (see Fig.

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Unlike other phenomena showing longer-term memory effects on attentional search (e.g., contextual cuing; Chun & Jiang, 1998, 2003), PoP appears to be a short-term effect that lasts approximately 15–30 sec (Maljkovic & Nakayama, 2000).

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COBRA toolbox (Becker et al. 2007) implemented in MATLAB version R2007a was used for all the FBA calculations (Mathworks http://www.mathworks. com/).

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…wastewater treatments (Patrolecco et al., 2015; Santos et al., 2009; Salgado et al., 2010) leading to contamination of surface waters, seawaters, groundwater and in some cases also drinking waters (Salgado et al., 2012; Pereira et al., 2015; de Jesus Gaffney et al., 2015; Lolić et al., 2015).

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Plasmids encoding for hemagglutinin-tagged JNK1 (HA-JNK1) and c-Jun (amino acids 5–89) fused to glutathione S-transferase (GST-c-Jun) were described previously (15).

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The minimization of Kullback divergence does implement the above first point well, and thus this is why it has been used in the early stage of the BYY system (Xu, 1996, 1997, 1998b).

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Our experimental design is inspired by two classical task switching experimental paradigms: predictable task switching, where switches happen in a predictable way after a constant number of tasks in a sequence, and task cuing, where an explicit cue is presented before each task to specify the type of the current task (Kiesel et al. 2010).

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RDo, where RD, RF and RDo represent relative density, relative frequency and relative dominance, respectively (see Hamann et al. 1999 for details).

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These findings are
similar to the reports of Horswell (1991), and Ugar and Semb (2001), while they differ from the reports of Sandham (1986), Hoening and Schoener (1992), Giannakari (2004), Rajion et al. (2006), and Lima et al. (2009).

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We compared our results with those of Marini et al.[26] and the North Dublin Population Stroke Study [27] on prevalence analysis by age group and gender: our results showed a higher prevalence than
 Marini et al. in men for all age groups and for women < 60 years and women > 80 years.

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Rabbit polyclonal anti-P450 1A5 (Yip and Coulombe, 2006) and 3A37 (Rawal et al., 2010b) sera were raised against the peptide sequences “FLDFNKRFMKLLKTAVEE (amino acids 260–277)” and “SQKSDSDGKNSHKA (amino acids 278–291),” respectively by Genemed Synthesis (San Antonio, TX).

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elegans, ebf mutant mice, chicks, Xenopus, and in cell lines, have revealed a number of neuronal genes that are regulated by EBF transcriptional activity [2,7,8,15-17,19,53-56].

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At the beginning CHARNLEY assumed that it was a condition caused by infection [7], [20].

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Similar observations were reported recently for toluene removal (Arcangeli & Arvin 1992; Pedersen et al. 1997).

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Interestingly, mice supplemented with a cis-9,trans-11-CLA diet show a reduction in macrophage infiltration and a marked downregulation of several inflammatory markers in adipose tissue [44].

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A previously developed Markov model [19] was updated to estimate the downstream burden of disease among subjects with AF and at risk of stroke, but who were unsuitable for, or intolerant of, VKA (i.

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Adding resistance exercise, however, appears more useful than moderate aerobic exercise alone in protecting diet-induced losses in LBM [14,16,18].

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chotic symptoms are associated with dopaminergic hyperactivity (Abi-Dargham et al. 2000; Breier et al. 1997b; Laruelle et al. 1996, 1999).

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The few available studies of longitudinal changes in BMD in patients with HIV infection have shown conflicting results [13, 14, 18–23], which may relate to the heterogeneous use of antiretrovirals or, more importantly, to the timing of the first DXA measurements in relation to initiation of treatment.

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Our results are better than those in many European countries, for example 29 % in Germany (Roggendorf et al. 2011), 26 % in France (Guthmann et al. 2012), 20 % in Italy (Esposito et al. 2008), 16 % in Greece (Maltezou et al. 2007), 24 % in Turkey (Torun and Torun 2010), 22 % in Australia (Seale et al. 2010a), and 18 % in China (Seale et al. 2010b).

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This difference reflects the frequent independent evolution of female flightlessness in Geometridae, usually in this family correlated with a specific set of ecological traits, the “winter moth syndrome” (Wahlberg et al. 2010).

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region on cellularizing furrows, which is the region of the furrow to which membrane addition is known to occur (Lecuit and Wieschaus, 2000; Sisson et al., 2000; Pelissier et al., 2003), and furrow formation fails when Rab8 function is disrupted.

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The radar observations serve as input for the MTT under evaluation, which is based on [11].

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Multi-tasking in particular seemed to cause concern and often resulted in feelings of anxiety and frustration [32,35].

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Imagebased models yielded joint kinematics, net joint moments, hip joint forces, muscle activation patterns and bone strains in the proximal-lateral femoral shaft in agreement with earlier studies (Aamodt et al., 1997; Bergmann et al., 2001; Inman et al., 1989; Kadaba et al., 1989; Stacoff et al., 2005).

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Journal compilation © 2008 British Ecological Society, Journal of Animal Ecology
(Borgatti & Everett 1997; Strogatz 2001; Barabasi et al .

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Extension of protein annotation We used BacProt (publication in progress, see [33] for details) to complement the present annotation of protein-coding genes for each Aquificales genome.

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The Sano protein is a member of the uncharacterized Themis protein family (Chung et al., 2009; Johnson et al., 2009).

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…and Medical Services, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 67346-67149, Kermanshah, Iran
weight loss, amyloidosis, and osteopenia, all of which are a result of systemic inflammation (Hendrickson et al. 2002; Levine and Burakoff 2011; Schmidt et al. 2012).

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This is consistent with previous reports that LY379268, at the same doses, failed to alter sweetened milk or sucrose intake (Baptista et al., 2004; Bossert et al., 2006b), suggesting that mGluR2/3s are not involved in natural (food, sex) reward.

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As previously reported [12], adrenal vein cannulation was considered successful if each adrenal vein/inferior vena cava cortisol gradient was ≥1.

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(2002) determined that 3–4 days monitoring were required to accurately measure MVPA [5].

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Moreover, the redistribution of FABP2 from the apical region to the entire cytoplasm after fat feeding pointed to the involvement of FABP2 in the intracellular binding, transport, and metabolism of FFA (3).

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There have been a number of in vivo mode ls with anesthetized animals that have examine d pyloric motor activity in response to intraarte rial and intrave nous stimuli, as well as stimulation of extrinsic and intrinsic nerves (4, 17, 28, 29) .

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Smith et al. (1985) describe a sudden widening in the apical 15% of the owl basilar membrane.

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Previous work suggested that once Lprod, the length of the strand exchange product, exceeds ∼20 bp, bacteria are committed to strand exchange (19); however, studies of 21 bp sequences in different strains of Escherichia coli reveal that particular strains have from ∼10 000 to 175 000 unique sequences repeated at least once (20,21).

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As pathogens, members of this complex are responsible for causing disease on around 100 genera of plants (Farr et al. 1989), and they represent one of the most important group of pathogens associated with opportunistic fungal infections and keratitis in humans (Zhang et al. 2006).

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Indeed, we quantified transcripts of CD3 and CD64, specific marker for T lymphocytes and macrophages, respectively, which are described as SLAMF3 expressing cells [22].

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…force for molecular ratchet motion does not seem to have been under strong evolutionary pressure, given that the replicase already possessed the molecular ratchet mechanism of movement which was driven by RNA synthesis itself (as in modern multi-subunit RNA polymerases (Abbondanzieri et al.
2005)).

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Previously published results have also suggested interdependence between PI3 K/Akt/mTOR and Raf/MEK/ ERK signaling [41], and another study showed that inhibition of PI3 K or mTOR reduces the level of ERK Tyrphosphorylation in vascular smooth muscle under hyperglycemic conditions [42].

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With IRT models, a sufficient number of responses in every response category are essential for precise estimates of item parameters [17].

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242), and overall, optimising classroom time is often specifically emphasised (Gannod et al., 2008; Mason et al., 2013; McLaughlin et al., 2014; Tucker, 2012).

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Single-category classification: We learned four types of interpretable CNNs based on the AlexNet, VGG-M, VGGS, and VGG-16 structures to classify each category in the ILSVRC 2013 DET Animal-Part dataset [36], the CUB2002011 dataset [30], and the Pascal VOC Part dataset [3].

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…it has been demonstrated that the activation of mTOR via the overexpression of Rheb, a direct activator of mTOR, is sufficient to induce an increase in p70S6k phosphorylation, cap-dependent translation and protein synthesis in skeletal muscles with normal activity (Goodman et al., 2011b, 2010).

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However, camphor is not suited for use as an analgesic compound because it causes a warm and hot sensation [39], probably through TRPV1 activation [31].

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First, there is no further increase in the percentage of time the membrane potential spends close to threshold, as the average membrane potential 〈V〉 becomes almost independent of 〈I 〉 (see Figure 3B; see also Holt & Koch, 1997).

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For example, in the face study, some studies have conducted on the differences between brain signals when watching face-object images and familiar-unfamiliar face images [7-11].

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Six papers seemed to specify a rate assuming equality of the experimental and control groups [12,15, 18-21]; seven seemed to specify the control group response rate, πC , assuming inequality [14,15,17,21-25]; and ten did not cite a design rate – in these cases we used the empirical estimate of πC from the paper’s Results section to classify extremity of the rate.

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Studies find that women who continue to breastfeed are more likely to report having peers to share breastfeeding experiences with (Hegney et al, 2008).

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Increased survival rates resulting from advances in the treatment of cancer have led to an increased interest in patients’ emotional reactions a d adaptations to the illness (Massie and Holland, 1984).

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The present results identified a network similar to that of previous studies involved in the retrieval of autobiographical memories (Svoboda et al., 2006).

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For example, the bigram probability of the test set should be representative of that of the target dataset [31], and its memorability should also be maximized [23].

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Loss of
such autoreceptor function has been shown to increase cholinergic
tone, and to impair striatal LTD (Wess et al., 2007; Bonsi et al.,
2008).

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PDPN is primarily expressed in the mesenchymal type of GBM, which presents the worst prognosis among GBM subtypes (28,29).

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control for any nonspecific effects of these antisera on SP1 activation (10).

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[17] presented a number of reasons that might account for the disparities between these two studies.

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Interestingly, recent reports have shown that DSBs are transiently induced during transcriptional initiation by nuclear hormone receptors and other transcription factors through a mechanism that involves topoisomerase II beta (TOP2B) (4-7).

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The role of carbon substrates lead to different biomass/ substrate yields and also affect the formation of the targeted product through flux distribution is well investigated (Fan et al. 2012).

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Detailed information on soil collection, processing, and isolation is published elsewhere (Davelos et al., 2004a).

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We focused our analysis on the relationships between the age-upregulated miRNAs and the expression of genes in the Eph/ephrin pathway as Eph signaling regulates synaptic plasticity and loss of EphB2 has been linked to age-related cognitive dysfunction (Klein, 2008; Ciss e et al., 2011).

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IS also induces oxidative stress in tubular and endothelial cells and stimulates aortic calcification in hypertensive rats [13–16].

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We can distinguish two main models [6]: instance selection as a method for prototype selection for algorithms based on prototypes (such as knearest neighbors) and instance selection to obtain the training set, for a learning algorithm that uses a training set (such as classification trees or neural networks).

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Determination of MAP
During a preliminary experiment, MAP was determined using the same procedure as has been previously described (Gamet et al. 1993).

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Our results contrast with those of Drago et al. (1991), who reported that IGF-I acted as a survival factor for an FGF-2-responsive progenitor cell that gave rise to neurons and glia.

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Bond et al. reported similar results from a study using the RT3 triaxial accelerometer, which detects accelerations for each of the three planes across 1-min intervals and converts these data to activity counts per minute, which are used to estimate minutes of MVPA (defined as Q984 activity countsIminj1 in this study).

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Isolated rat hearts were perfused at a constant aortic pressure of either 60 or 110 mmHg using the Langendorff procedure as described elsewhere (35).

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In order to improve ABM interventions and optimize symptom change, there has been a recent push to better understand the active ingredients and mechanisms that underlie post-ABM changes in symptoms (Beard 2011; Enock et al. 2014; Mogoaşe et al. 2014).

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The network model is similar to the model used in Fierst (2011a, b) and variants of this framework have been developed in a range of evolutionary studies (i.e.,Wagner 1996; Siegal and Bergman 2002; Bergman and Siegal 2003; Masel 2004; Azevedo et al. 2006; MacCarthy and Bergman 2007; Ciliberti et al. 2007a, b; Siegal et al. 2007; Palmer and Feldman 2009; Draghi and Wagner 2009; Espinosa-Soto and Wagner 2010).

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…screening of chemical libraries was performed to identify correctors (pharmacological chaperones) that could promote folding of Phe508 CFTR (Pedemonte et al., 2005; Van Goor et al., This work was supported by a grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and a grant from the…

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‚Ä¶automatically generates layout information encoding node and reaction centroid coordinates using the FruchtermanReingold (FR) algorithm, which has been shown to be robust in the face of variegated graph topologies and faithfully reproduces the underlying symmetry [Fruchterman and Reingold, 1991].

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Stimuli were generated using the Psychophysics Toolbox Version 2.44 (Brainard, 1997; Pelli, 1997) for MATLAB (Version 5.2.1, Mathworks, MA).

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approach used in several instances of previous work, such as [2, 8, 35], by hiding unchanged nodes to reduce clutter and drawing connectors to the reference to enhance juxtaposition; b) side-byside views [14, 26, 27] by going beyond pair-wise comparisons; c) existing work on subjunctive interfaces [30], TreeVersity [15– 17, 19] and TreeVersity2 [18, 19] to show a larger variety of difference visualizations.

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The MW cutoff would be lower for bases (28) and higher for acids (29) depending on the ionization of the compounds.

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…grasslands suggests that ‘‘pyric herbivory’’ (grazing in conjunction with fire) and the interaction of natural fires and free-roaming herbivores creates a natural and dynamic grassland mosaic which is beneficial to biodiversity (Engle et al. 2008; Fuhlendorf et al. 2008; Little et al. 2013).

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We use the Bunge–Wand–Weber (BWW) ontological model, which has already been employed in various settings [3,15,16].

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In support of this assumption, in ARDS patients, TRAIL levels in the BAL fluid were correlated with clinical severity and the presence of neutrophils, which are also the major infiltrating cells in reovirus 1/L-induced ARDS (20, 84).

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The oligo(dT)-precipitation was performed essentially as described in Baltz et al. (2012) with the following modifications: The number of washing steps was increased (4√ó with lysis/ binding buffer and 6√ó with NP40 washing buffer [50 mM Tris
 HCl, pH 7.5, 140 mM LiCl, 2 mM EDTA, pH 8.0, 0.5% NP40,‚Ä¶

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One of the reasons is that the target model contains some background pixels [15].

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…has already been described in the reactive astroglia of other brain areas (sahin Kaya et al. 1999; clarke et al. 1994; Krum and Rosenstein 1999; Eliasson et al. 1999; Frisen et al.1995; Kalman and ajtai 2001), although the articles are not concordant with how long it lasts after traumatic insults.

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Regarding the percentage of minor children of cancer patients, estimations with differing reliability vary between 5-15% [4], 24% (see [5]), and 30% [6].

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A design science approach was deemed the appropriate method as it represents a valuable means for generating theoretical insights and emergent solutions to the real-world problem of SCSR identification (Denyer et al., 2008; Holmström et al., 2009).

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The accuracy of these predictions, in turn, can function as a measure of the accuracy with which a KC model characterizes the knowledge students acquire through particular educational activities [1,18-20], an approach we follow in the current work.

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In a study that determined the response of the spine to sudden loads causing sagittal flexion, it was found that abdominal muscles rapidly responded to the sudden load with a large increase in muscle activation (Krajcarski et al., 1999). Also, Krajcarski et al. concluded that increases in EMG amplitudes of abdominal and trunk extensor muscles were determined predominantly by the added load magnitude and not the pre-loads. Chiang (in press) conducted a similar study with the difference being the trunk motion investigated was lateral bend instead of trunk flexion. Similar to Krajcarski et al. (1999), Chiang (in press) concluded that increased muscular activity due to pre-loads leads to increases in trunk muscle stiffness and spine stability. Krajcarski et al (1999) and Chiang (in press) have provided a greater understanding of the active muscular response that is responsible for maintaining stability.

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habitats for which predation risk is high (Waser 1981; Rood 1986; Clutton-Brock et al. 1999a; Schneider and Kappeler 2014).

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For instance, after only 1 week of storage the a-mannosidase activity showed a large decrease (,20% at 280uC and ,60% at 220uC), which confirmed the findings of a previous study (23).

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In the pancreas, this regulatory element expresses sparsely, and it is completely inactive before acinar formation (Masui et al., 2008).

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Since in the worst case a k-safe hypercube network Hn can tolerate no more than 2 (n−k)−1 faulty nodes [17, 35], this line of research still assumes a bound O(n) on the number of faulty nodes in Hn.

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Forty of the protocols were for depression, with two studies (George et al., 2000; Su et al., 2005) directly comparing two protocols, and 19 were for the treatment of pain as summarized in Lefaucheur et al. (2014).

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Vitamin A supplementation in malnourished children reduces the severity of diarrheal disease (4), malarial morbidity (5), measles (6, 7), and mother-to-child transmission of HIV (8).

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Our findings indicate that a BNP level of 24.4 to 31.6 pg/ml is useful as an indication for surgery in ASD, VSD, and PDA patients; these results, in line with previous studies, make BNP a strong candidate as a predictive tool for early intervention.16,17 It is worth noting that a very recent study revealed that plasma BNP levels are elevated in children with heart disease before surgical treatment.32
 BNP concentration has been shown to be associated with the presence of a haemodynamically significant PDA in premature infants and to decrease to normal levels with ductal closure.33-36 In our study, which included older children with PDA, we found that patients with PDA and either a significant or a non-significant shunt always had significantly higher plasma BNP levels than all other groups (not only controls, but also patients with ASD and VSD).

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…protein S6 by phosphorylation at S240/244. mTORC2 contains rictor and phosphorylates Akt at S473, which, in conjunction with the PDK1-mediated phosphorylation at T308, drives full activation of Akt (Wullschleger et al., 2006; Dann et al., 2007; Guertin and Sabatini, 2007; Yang and Guan, 2007).

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Personality ratings Chimpanzees were scored by raters using a Japanese translation of the Hominoid Personality Questionnaire [36].

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Moreover, cognitive abilities are usually positively related to gains from mnemonic training (Kliegl et al., 1990; Lindenberger et al., 1992; Verhaeghen and Marcoen, 1996).

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To date, all characterized GBP genes are induced by IFNs and some of them also induced by lipopolysaccharide, interleukin-1b (IL-1b), or tumor-necrosis factor-a (Nguyen et al. 2002; Degrandi et al. 2007; Tripal et al. 2007).

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A previous report demonstrated that MCE could increase the level of GSH [61] and GPx [65] in diabetic rats, which coincides with our results.

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Because TKA is a high-volume, high-cost medical intervention, it is not surprising health-related quality-of-life outcomes have been developed to allow investigators to quantify preoperative to postoperative improvements in TKA patient health status [7, 8, 11, 14, 16].

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cells in the lungs and slow the production of cytokines, which promote the inflammatory cascade.(17) Ery-

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latter phenotypes are called competitive adaptations and include (i) strategies to take away resources from competitors (exploitative competition), for example by fast-butwasteful-growth [26], production of nutrient-scavenging molecules [27], or superior positioning within the niche [28], and (ii) strategies to directly fight with competing species (interference competition), for example by production of antimicrobials [29] or contact dependent inhibition [30, 31].

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While we cannot exclude alternative models, our findings are consistent with models in which TRIM5α engages lentiviral CA through two sets of contacts, one in the structurally conserved β-hairpin and the second at the junction between binding sites of at least four cellular cofactors [25, 78, 79].

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Generation of macrophages from patient-derived iPSCs is of particular interest (Lachmann et al., 2014;Mucci et al., 2016), as these cells play an important role in tissue homeostasis and innate immunity (Ginhoux et al., 2016).

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The same threshold pH has been measured for SFV-induced cell fusion (White et al., 1981) and for the bypass of chloroquine, methylamine and NH4C1 inhibition of infection (White et al., 1980).

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Similar results were found in study done by Wild et al.[25] They found that women with PCOS showed lower HDL-C levels, higher LDL/HDL ratios, and higher TG levels than regularly menstruating women.

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Its deletion in mouse embryonic fibroblasts prompted catastrophic and stochastic telomere loss, followed by rapid entry into cellular senescence after two population doublings (Gu et al., 2012).

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This putative association of Rho with RNA polymerase (RNAP) in vivo was first inferred from a ChIP-chip experiment (Mooney et al., 2009) and later from in vitro measurements (Epshtein
et al., 2010).

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All p-values reported were corrected for multiple testing using the Benjamini & Hochberg correction method (Benjamini and Hochberg, 1995).

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In this study, error-correcting output coding (ECOC) has been adopted from digital communication theory to be fused with SVM to produce a decision [20].

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However, in the later work of J. Hoyt et al. (2010) it was shown that patients with TTC did not have a higher frequency of ‗wraparound‘ left anterior descending artery [233].

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TfMA had lower sequence identity of 33~27% with α-amylase II from Thermoactinomyces vulgaris (Tonozuka et al. 1993), maltogenic amylase from Thermus sp.

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…between cognitive function (especially executive function) and certain aspects of gait (O’Shea et al. 2002; Woollacott and Shumway-Cook 2002; Yogev et al. 2005; Springer et al. 2006; Hausdorff et al. 2005; Bloem et al. 2001; Morris et al. 1996; Auriel et al. 2006; Van Wegen et al. 2006;…

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There was also no significant difference in another low-quality study comparing continuous traction to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use (26).

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We have also observed this phenomenon of non-regeneration of plants from some transgenic lines in previous studies (Walter et al. 1998; Bishop-Hurley et al. 2001; Charity et al. 2005).

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Integrating family planning and HIV programmes and strengthening referrals from HIV clinics to Family planning clinics results in increased attendance on the part of both men and women to family planning clinics; in particular when both are administered in one location ((35)).

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Separable series can often be analysed using Mellin transforms; this method was used to confirm some of Ramanujan‚Äôs results [1].

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On the other hand, TIMP-1 may also exert continuous damaging stimulus on the vascular wall, inducing stimulating smooth muscle cell proliferation [19] and promoting inflammation [20].

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Continued
errors of all expressed transcripts in the diploid C57Bl/6J, Cast/EiJ transcriptome were estimated using MMSEQ (Turro et al., 2011) for each mapped RNA-seq sample.

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Determination of MAP
 During a preliminary experiment, MAP was determined using the same procedure as has been previously described (Gamet et al. 1993).

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Enterococcus faecium also maintains copper homeostasis through membrane transporter proteins of the P-type ATPase family, which are encoded by the chromosomal operon copYZAB which is similar to copYZAB described in Enterococcus hirae (Solioz and Vulpe 1996; Wunderli-Ye and Solioz 1999).

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Methods To see how our fully-unsupervised method compares with methods that require (some) cross-lingual supervision, we follow [Conneau et al., 2018] and consider a simple but strong baseline consisting of solving a Procrustes problem directly using the available cross-lingual embedding pairs.

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More rapid reporting by other technologies, such as detection of bacterial species and resistant markers in positive blood cultures by molecular probe and nucleic acid amplification do result in improved patient care (18).

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In various studies of patients with recent onset arthritis, 6–55% of the patients who presented with undifferentiated arthritis (UA) progressed into rheumatoid arthritis (RA) according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) classification criteria or according to the rheumatologist (1).

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Together with our earlier experiments demonstrating that Bdnf promoter IV transcription is induced upon activity-dependent CREB phosphorylation (Tao et al., 1998), these findings strongly suggest that the impairment in neuronal-activity dependent induction of Bdnf expression in CREmKI mice is due…

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…performed lip repairs are commonly presented in an attempt to increase objectivity (McComb, 1985; Boo-Chai, 1987; Lohmander-Agerskov et al., 1990; Bertolini et al., 2000; Haramoto et al., 2000;
Braumann et al., 2001; Al-Qattan, 2002; Braumann et al., 2002; Lee et al., 2004; McComb, 2009;…

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This is the case of the endangered giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca), which is considered a global icon of biodiversity conservation (Liu et al., 2001; Loucks et al., 2001; Mackinnon and De Wulf, 1994).

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Similar results have been obtained by a study performed in the North Indian population (31), which found that the genotypes MMP-2 (CT) and TIMP-2 (GC) increased genetic tendency towards prostate cancer by 1.

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A recent study suggested that alteration in the expression level of extracellular matrix proteins may contribute to the development of obesity-associated adipose tissue growth (7).

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As discussed above, it has often been suggested that members of the HD-Zip I and II families function as developmental regulators, specifically being involved in regulation of developmental adaptation to environmental stress conditions (e.g. Meijer et al. 1997; Lee and Chun 1998; Scarpella et al. 2000, 2002; Manavella et al. 2006; Komatsuda et al. 2007).

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(iv) To compare split-read patterns between species, the species specific reference operons where aligned usingclustalw (28) and the mapped read coordinates transferred onto the alignment.

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…and oxygen isotope ratios of the particles studied by the PE team are very similar to those of the equilibrated LL chondrites (Nakamura et al. 2011; Yurimoto et al. 2011), which match the spectroscopic observations by the Hayabusa spacecraft (e.g., Fujiwara et al. 2006; Abe et al. 2006; Okada et…

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Neurabins I and II also inhibit the phosphorylase phosphatase activity of PP1c (1, 32, 33).

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This is because of the high levels of oxidative stress (OS) in different tissues, and their mechanisms for adapting to sudden microenvironmental changes [21, 23, 33, 64, 100, 101, 107–118].

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Since the results were reported in (Kanda et al. 2004 d) in detail, here we only briefly describe the results, with a particular focus on longitudinal interaction.

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(IS) innovations.(13) Building on the early research of Bhattacherjee,(11) a number of researchers have recently examined user IS continuance for various systems in different contexts.

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Neurotrauma is a significant public health problem (Andelic et al., 2009; Selassie et al., 2008).

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Room impulse responses from the location of speech source to microphones are modeled by image-source method [13], and a Matlab code implementation [14] is used to generate the microphone array data.

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One unavoidable possibility is bias in response to populations from different ethnic backgrounds (Snowden, 2003, Whaley, 1998).

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9) has been observed to be a site for fatigue crack nucleation at low applied stress level ( max= 13 Y), where the combination of cyclic and residual stress is not enough to cause stress relaxation (Peters et al., 2002).

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Four viral proteins are able to bind nonspecifically to RNA (VP2, VP3, NSP2 and NSP5) [3, 24, 33] and three bind specifically to rotavirus mRNA sequences (VP1, NSP1 and NSP3) [4, 15, 23, 27].

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Cx43 expression is highly sensitive to ionizing radiation, as shown by in vitro (Azzam et al., 2003) and in vivo studies (Kasper et al., 1996; Liu et al., 1997; Amino et al., 2006).

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All the above empirical studies examined innate immunity [‘a set of disease-resistance mechanisms that are not specific to a particular pathogen’ (Goldsby et al., 2000)]: a shared feature of vertebrate and invertebrate immunity (Hultmark, 1993; Vilmos & Kurucz, 1998).

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The closer a landmark is to a target location, the more precise is the information it provides (Cheng et al. 1987; Cheng 1990; Kamil and Jones 1997).

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In a review of 65 studies on children's physical activity (ages 3e12) and the built environment, Ding et al. (2011) find that the most consistent correlates with physical activity include access/ proximity to recreation facilities, traffic speed/volume, mixed land use, residential density and…

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This induced membrane permeability could be exploited to facilitate the transfer of materials across membranes [10–13].

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A type definition defines a possibly polymorphic type by giving the set of function symbols to which variables of that type may be bound as well as the type of the arguments of those functors [13].

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wage (IWT) and equal wage treatment (EWT) reported in Abeler et al. (2010). Effort levels in NoCom are substantially higher than in EWT.

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The model to be presented below is an extension of Parke’s (1999) Error Duration Model, and the exposition follows that of Parke (1999) for ease of comparison.

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Species living solitary or in dispersed groups are assumed to exhibit polygynandrous mating systems (e.g. Kappeler 1997b; Eberle and Kappeler 2002; Radespiel et al. 2002) and were thus lumped in one category with species living in cohesive groups.

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There is controversy over whether precut papillotomy increases the risk of perforation as compared to sphincterotomy alone [17].

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…it is also in the same quantitative range as the induction of BDNF, a neurotrophic mediator of exercise in the brain, as well as cFOS, ARC, and ZIF268, important indicators for the activity state of neurons (Hunt et al., 1987; Lyford et al., 1995; Rusak et al., 1990; Saffen et al., 1988).

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Many of the proposed sound-source mechanisms involve vortex sound production, either by radial vibration processes (e.g., Abdullah 1966) or flow instabilities (Georges 1976), and corotating multiple vortices (e.g., Mitchell et al. 1992).

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Results of the optimal TLC thresholds and the corresponding combinations of sensitivity and specificity from the outpatient study and the results of the literature review were quite similar, while both were different from those reported among HIV-infected populations in other countries [19–22].

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Although diversity exists between species and the sexes, EDHF makes a large contribution to endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in various vascular beds in men and nonpregnant women (3, 7, 21, 24, 25, 30, 31).

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…spectral-notch attributable to the pinna and the pinna-dependent ILDs was most prominent for sound frequencies between 12 and 24 kHz in the rat (Koka et al., 2008); hence, tone frequency response sensitivities were probed between 2 and 32 kHz as described in detail previously (Polley et al.,…

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DNA was prepared from kanS colonies by the methods of Belisle or Santos (Belisle & Sonnenberg, 1998; Santos et al., 1992).

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Many important aspects of AF pathophysiology have been described [4, 23], and various studies have demonstrated that the genetic background plays a significant role in its pathogenesis [14, 43, 46].

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In china, variations in intakes of vitamin A and C were significantly different in different seasons (42).

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Both of the studies conducted by Dhandu and Angel (2003) and Yan et al. (2001) also focused on broilers older than those used in this experiment, a developmental stage where broilers are less sensitive to nPP (Nelson et al., 1990), which may explain the difference in results obtained.

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Also, we previously found that PFD decreases the content of mouse liver CuZn-SOD, mGSTA3, cytochrome P450 proteins (cyt P450) and CA III [47, 48].

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