Moreover, reinforcement learning allows the agent to be both reactive and adaptive, but it requires a simple yet consistent representation of the task environment [24].

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PAN is directly activated by RTA and is the most abundant viral transcript in the lytic cycle [3,6–8].

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PCR Testing The PCR assays performed at our institutions have been described previously in detail (2, 12, 13, 15).

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for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) [142, 143], and label-free quantitative methods [144, 145] such as selected/multiple reaction monitoring (SRM/MRM) [146,

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On the other hand, ATP recognition has been studied because of its significant roles in biological systems, and thus number of ATP-targeting fluorescent probes have been reported over the last few decades [25–27].

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In fact, we were able to explain up to 39% of the ethnic differences in EBV seroprevalences, of which socioeconomic position was the most important contributor, which is in line with previous studies.(42,44) However, it has been suggested that ethnic differences could not be explained by crowding.

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…Lamirande and Gagnon (2002)
Sulindac sulphid Ras-Raf Interaction – 100 de Lamirande and Gagnon (2002) ZM336372 Raf, competitive inhibition 0.07– 0.007 3 de Lamirande and Gagnon (2002) PD98059 prevents MEK activation by Raf 4–50 50 de Lamirande and Gagnon (2002) U126 inhibits activated MEK…

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Redistribution of synaptic efficacy has been observed following Hebbian pairing (Markram and Tsodyks, 1996) and this change reflects a change in U (Tsodyks and Markram, 1997).

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The first subclass is discussed by Trivers (1971) in terms of reciprocal altruism.

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Although the time-constants of the learning window used in this study were much shorter than those reported for hippocampal neurons by Bi and Poo [27] (viz.

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, shootin1 and Singar1/2 (44, 45)] resulting from asymmetric intrinsic or extrinsic factors could also serve as the initial trigger for the activation of PI3K.

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The average rate at which these radioactive boluses were transported along the trachea by mucociliary activity was measured by using six aligned 8-mm-thick scintillation detectors in conjunction with a six-channel count/time recorder, as previously described (31, 38).

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In Table 1, we also include the 40-core times for a modified version of the best publicly available parallel suffix tree code of Blelloch and Shun [2] (labeled PST).

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Similar data were found by Nir et al. (1994a) and Nir et al. (1995), who reported that the pelleting process reduced proventriculus and gizzard weight, as well as their contents, without changing the pH of these segments.

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…co-infection to be associated with increased variability of parasite strains (Chicharro et al. 2003; Mathis et al. 2005) or the discovery of previously unknown strains (Pieniazek et al. 1999; Gramiccia, 2003), but the origin and epidemiological characteristics of these strains are often unknown.

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Data on sex, age, health characteristics such as hospital stay, antibiotic therapy during the previous three months and surgery within the past 30 days, current healthcare-associated infection and/ or antibiotic therapy, presence of urinary or vascular catheters, pressure sores and other wounds as well as case history for MDRO were obtained for all participants, using the well-established HALT questionnaire (healthcare-associated infections in LTCFs) in Europe [32].

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Although these studies indicate that the invasion process is at least in part deterministic (Duncan et al., 2003), none identify specific mechanisms by which successful invaders establish and expand their new ranges (Ehrlich, 1989; Mack et al., 2000; Viet and Lewis, 1996).

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Notice that this implementation of the framework is a reconstruction of the implementation proposed in Peng et al. (2012) by following the MAPE-K architecture, integrating uncertainty handling and adopting quantitative goal reasoning.

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The rapid growth of aquatic plants such as harmful algal blooms and consequently depletion of dissolved oxygen takes place in the eutrophication phenomenon [1,2].

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Several laparoscopic techniques have been described as alternatives for the endoscopic treatment of ovarian endometriomas: cyst wall laser vaporization preceded or not by medical therapy (Brosens et al., 1996; Donnez et al., 1996; Sutton et al., 1997), drainage and bipolar coagulation of the cyst wall (Beretta et al.

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These data are in agreement with reports of clinical cytauxzoonosis in domestic cats which have only been reported from Southeastern, Midwestern, and Mid-Atlantic states and not from California, Colorado, North Dakota, Ohio, or West Virginia.

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Our laboratory has previously demonstrated that responses to HDR appear to be independent of the influences of neck muscle afferents, baroreflexes, central command, visual input, and increased intracranial pressure (14, 25, 26, 34).

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In particular, this research is situated within the broader framework of the social shaping of technology (SST) approach (MacKenzie & Wajcman, 1999; Williams & Edge, 1996).

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The pathogenesis of PCOS still remains largely obscure, but more and more studies have implicated a number of genes [5].

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For the individual species mapping approach, predictive models were developed from the museum occurrence data using the GARP modeling system (Stockwell and Noble, 1992; Stockwell and Peters, 1999; Stockwell, 1999).

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Examples include minimum variance portfolio (Jorion, 1985; 1986), short-sell constrained minimum variance portfolios (Jagannathan and Ma, 2003), the equally weighted diversification (DeMiguel, Garlappi and Uppal, 2009), and other modifications to the mean-variance portfolio rule (see, e.g., Pesaran…

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As a consequence, by their activities, earthworms could therefore modify metal speciation, mobility (Sizmur and Hodson, 2009) and bioavailability (Capowiez et al.

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As a means to evaluate the effects of the Prrx1 isoforms upon cell polarity, we employed three-dimensional (3D) cyst assays (Wescott et al. 2009).

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Soluble plasma (p) FN is required for the stability of blood clots (Ni et al., 2003b).

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In our aim to analyse the transcriptional programme that determines fruiting body formation of the ascomycete A. nidulans, we made use of a simple but straightforward approach as it had been described recently (Ray et al., 2004).

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Several OPG polymorphisms have been studied in osteoporosis, but not surprisingly published results about the association between the OPG polymorphisms and osteoporosis are highly variable [6–12].

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The TGF-b superfamily has wide variety of activities, but the signaling cascade is relatively simple [4–7].

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S3B) and, together, these observations are consistent with a previously defined role for Pk in the clustering of Vang (Bastock et al., 2003; Cho et al., 2015; Strutt and Strutt, 2007).

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…(anandamide, AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), which are known to modulate synaptic transmission throughout the brain (Zogopoulos et al., 2013).
mental Medicine and Surgery, Rome, Italy. or Brain Research/Fondazione . a), s.marinelli@ebri.it
Unlike other…

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suggested that longer followup is needed because there may be some regret after the first couple of years [4].

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Parsing accuracy is measured in the experiments by three different metrics: • Attachment score (AS): The proportion of tokens (excluding punctuation) that are assigned the correct head (or no head if the token is a root) (Eisner, 1996; Collins et al., 1999).

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All ‘don’t know’ and ‘unsure’ responses (Table 1) were classed as missing values in the dataset and Maximum Likelihood (ML) imputation was used to estimate replacement values for all missing data [52,53].

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of Rosenstein et al. (1993). Using the model free method of Rosenstein et al. (1993), the three treatments were all found to result in slightly positive LEs, but the results were deemed inconclusive given the small sample size (4 replicates of 18 generations) and the sensitivity of the method to any kind of stochastic noise (demographic or environmental).

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Detailed description of micro-core sampling and culturing conditions can be found in (Davelos et al., 2004a).

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Illustra PuReTaq ReadyTo-Go PCR beads (0.5 ml tubes, GE healthcare) were used to amplify DTL, SLFN5, TRIM47, WRAP53 and CHN1 transcripts (denaturing at 94uC for 30 s, annealing at 58uC for 1 min and elongation at 72uC for 2 min, 25‚Äì35 cycles).

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Such a converge conveys an increased bilineal vulnerability to affective disorders in the parents’ offspring (3, 4).

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In contrast to the above finding, the relationship between population structure and AMB susceptibility was small.

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treatment with Fgf8b is shown, because Fgf8b, the most potent isoform of Fgf8, is the only gene of the studied FGF family members that has been found to be crucial in mesoderm development in the mouse (Guo and Li, 2007).

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Individual flight activity was scored using the one-zero sampling method (Altmann, 1974; Martin & Bateson, 1986).

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Five of 8 subscales of this previously validated instrument were used: (1) limitations in physical activities because of physical or emotional problems; (2) limitations in usual role activities because of physical health problems; (3) limitations in usual role activities because of emotional health problems; (4) general health perceptions; and (5) general mental health.

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These results are contrary to the previous study [29] reporting that the time interval between seeding osteoblasts and adding culture medium significantly affected the osteoblast proliferation.

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XY, ZW, including multiple sex chromosomes) and temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD), as well as species in which the two modes of sex determination interact [6,8,27-29].

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Regarding the RNA content of EVs, they were found to carry both mRNAs
and small RNAs (Valadi et al., 2007; Crescitelli et al., 2013).

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This fact is because overweight individuals are more likely to have difficulty moving around, resulting in greater economy of movement, increased energy expenditure and early fatigue in aerobic activities, reducing performance in physical tests (32).

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The similar profile of memory dysfunction has been described between MCI and AD (Petersen, 2004b; Petersen et al., 1999), and in MCI subjects with a higher risk of conversion to AD (Petersen, 2007; Sarazin et al., 2010).

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In accordance with previous results obtained in our laboratory and by other groups, we have observed that the limited access protocol leads to the development of fat-bingeing behaviors (Corwin et al., 1998; Corwin, 2004; Wojnicki et al., 2008; Blanco-Gandia et al., 2017).

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We analyzed gamma-band activity over central parietal and occipital electrodes, the electrodes that produced activity correlated with microsaccades in adults (Yuval-Greenberg et al., 2008).

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Finally, pigeons may even be superior to humans in their capacity to mentally rotate visual information, as they show no increase in reaction time when judging the identity of stimuli presented at increasingly different angular orientations, whereas humans do (Hollard & Delius, 1982).

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These models are the radial-modesof-vibration model of Abdullah (1966), the tornado/ boundary interaction model of Tatom et al. (1995), and the corotating vortex model (Powell 1964; Georges 1976; Mitchell et al. 1992).

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NSP1 also binds specifically to all rotavirus mRNAs [4, 15], and while the sequence necessary for NSP1 binding has not been precisely identified, it is known to be located near the 5′-end, since gene 5 mRNA probes containing the first 278 nucleotides are sufficient for NSP1 binding [15].

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4910, which contains a PK domain most similar to PDK1, a master AGC kinase in other eukaryotes [32] the CAMK Tb927.

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To support regional applications, ALEXI couples The Two-Source Energy Balance (TSEB) model [4] with an atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) model to simulate changes in near surface air temperature (Ta) that are consistent with TSEB modeled surface fluxes[2,3].

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Figure 3 shows the fit of the model to the dynamics of divergence and diversity of patients S-P1—SP11 [13].

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Recent results on the computational universality in language equations of an extremely simple form, obtained by Kunc [10,11] and by Jeż and Okhotin [7,8], make one suspect universality even in this restricted case.

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To illuminate the evolutionary history of GBP family, all newly identified genes combined with 13 previously described GBP genes (Olszewski et al. 2006; Degrandi et al. 2007) were used to reconstruct a phylogenetic tree.

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Moreover, the values obtained were similar to those reported in other qPCR assays designed to quantify several biological control agents (15, 32, 55).

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Another work [9] proposes a blind reversible watermarking approach for medical images based on histogram shifting in a wavelet domain.

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72 The percent reflectance (R) is equated to a form of a pseudo-absorption coefficient (K/S) with this method, similar to that obtained through transmission experiments.(72)

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Based on the kinetics data in Figure 1 and Figure S2, the previously reported kinetics data [17,18], and a crystal structure study of the ATP-RT complex [11], we assumed mixed noncompetitive inhibition of ATP and competitive inhibition of NRTIs (Figure 2C).

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The present study was not able to confirm any of the studied anatomical variables as predictive factors of venous congestion, despite being suggested in the literature.[5,6,13,14] The abdominal superficial venous dominance is one of the most extended and accepted (but not proved) hypothesis for explaining the diffuse congestion as a large diameter SIEV may denote dominance over the deep venous system.

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Experience of using technology has a significant impact on an individual’s attitude and intention to use technology (Igbaria and Guimaraes, 1995; Kim and Garrison, 2009).

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Fatigue crack growth is promoted at the rim from these microcrack sites, particularly when max= Y is high ( max ≈ 12 Y) (Peters et al., 2002).

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Our CSU diagnostic evaluation, described in greater detail elsewhere (Carroll et al., 1981) consists of a 14-day drug-free period (patients are completely free of psychotropic medications during this period): several clinical interviews; a structured diagnostic interview, the Schedule for Affective…

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This procedure is consistent with earlier experiments [5,8] Next, they watched a second video with a different story and visualization followed by a questionnaire about the second story.

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For the second problem, we have employed a design policy of interactive behaviors, such as a pseudo-learning mechanism and talking about personal matters (Kanda et al. 2004 b).

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A high LDL-C level was treated in accordance with the evidence-based practice guideline 2009 for the treatment of chronic kidney disease established by the Japanese Society of Nephrology and clinical guidelines for the evaluation and treatment of cardiovascular complications in hemodialysis patients established by the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy [17,18].

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This may be due to poor cell cycle synchronization in the former or to a higher level of Mrc1 protein in hsk1-89 cells, which can potentially cause adverse effects on signal enrichment in a ChIP assay (41).

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Hajos et al. (2001) found that WIN55,212-2 depressed excitatory transmission in the hippocampus of both wildtype and CB1-/- mice, while two other groups have found that excitatory transmission was depressed only in wildtype mice (Kawamura et al., 2006; Takahashi and Castillo, 2006).

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Recent studies have implicated several risk factors for ESBL-E colonization at admission: prior ESBL-E carriage, transfer from hospitalization units and especially long-term care facilities or ICUs, coming from a high-prevalence country, poor functional status, current antibiotic use and chronic renal insufficiency [14,17,19-23].

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This result is consistent with findings by Bland et al.21
 Several ultrasonography studies after carpal tunnel release have been reported previously.13,14,22‚Äì25 However, the clinical significance of a reduction in the CSA after carpal tunnel release remains controversial.

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Advantages: Good cosmetic result by forming a cylindrical phallus, creation of an acceptable sensate phallus,(25) providing good sensory nerves for its neurovascular pedicle,(12) excellent phallus sensation if the nerve is well-functioned,(54) and well-vascularized neourethra that allows voiding from a standing position.(29,47)

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These results resembled those of the previous report that the Taiwan clone (SCCmecVT-ST59-spa t437 or t441-pvl+) with resistance to erythromycin and tetracycline constituted most of the pvl+ CC59 CA-MRSA strains found in Western Australia [49].

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…forests through important stand development phases (for example, establishment, canopy closure, age-related declines in stand productivity) to examine whether the early stimulation of plant productivity by elevated CO2 persists as stands
mature after reaching maximum productivity (Körner 2006).

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Solutions exist for specific connectivity [14, 2, 13] and syntax/form [18, 4, 19] problems.

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Further, we assume based on available experimental results (Pimanda et al., 2007b; Smith et al., 2008) that the increase in the transcriptional rate occurs via modulation of the state of chromatin rather than through direct interaction with transcriptional machinery.

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Our observations, showing increased sIL2R levels during acute exercise, are supported by the results of others (Baum et al. 1994; Dufaux and Order 1989; Sprenger et al. 1992; Tilz et al. 1993); together these findings suggest that elevated receptor levels during exercise could bind IL-2, and hence down-regulate IL-2-dependent cell-mediated immune responses by reducing free circulating IL-2 levels and/or mitogen-stimulated cell proliferation.

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Estimation of overall mortality ratio (relative risk) was carried out using the random e ects model according to DerSimonian and Laird [9].

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…activation patterns were consistent with the results of the previous studies on infants (Dehaene-Lambertz et al., 2002, 2004) and adults (Petersen et al., 1988; Price, 2000; Homae et al., 2002); all of these studies reported that the both hemispheres are involved in processing of speech sounds.

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The biological processes underlying physiological hypofunction of the salivary glands is not yet well understood, although the involvement of ROS is suspected [1-4].

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nidulans, we made use of a simple but straightforward approach as it had been described recently (Ray et al., 2004).

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In contrast to our results, one study reported that high AI correlated with poor survival of MPM patients [31], but the overall prognostic significance of apoptosis in cancer remains unclear [33, 34].

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Moreover, these general network properties were demonstrated to have great impacts on the networkbased problems, such as traffic transport [12, 13, 14, 15, 16], epidemic spreading [17, 18, 19, 20, 21], network attacks [22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28], synchronization [29, 30] and control [31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36], link prediction [37, 38, 39], etc.

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Oxidative damage of telomeres along with a general damage of DNA because of aged and thereby inefficient mitochondria could be an explanation (Chen et al., 1995), although contradictory results have been published on this matter (von Zglinicki et al., 2000; Britt-Compton et al., 2009).

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The STSS is thought to be mediated by the release of SPEs and other antigens, which function as superantigens (Proft et al., 2003; Marrack and Kappler, 1990; Talkington et al., 1993; Baxter and McChesney, 2000; Eriksson et al., 1999; Darenberg et al., 2004; Norrby-Teglund et al., 2005; Zurawski et al., 1998; Ekelund et al., 2005).

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The PPR and PRA-based approaches, together with the baseline, have been applied over graphs 1 and 2 (without and with SVO-inferred relationships, respectively).

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, 2008), high-order partial differential equations (Bai and Feng, 2007; Moraschi et al., 2010), diffusion tensor Enhancing quality in Diffusion Tensor Imaging with anisotropic anomalous diffusion filter

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Moreover, the key regulator of Fe homeostasis, Fur, is also directly regulated by PerR at the transcriptional level (Fuangthong et al., 2002).

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We generalize the model of Parke (1999), and it appears that fractional orders of integration at the seasonal frequencies may be caused by aggregation of seasonal duration processes.

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…cocaine seeking progressively increases over the first months of withdrawal from extended-access cocaine self-administration and remains elevated even 6 months after the last exposure (Neisewander et al., 2000; Grimm et al., 2001; Lu et al., 2004b; c; Sorge and Stewart, 2005; Pickens et al., 2011).

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The finding that BMI is closely related to TBF and PBF derived from DXA is compatible with several previous investigations in children over a wide age range and in adults (7, 13, 14, 16, 22, 24, 30, 32, 36).

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The results of the present dead weight noise testing indicate that the ‚ÄòCoP path velocity‚Äô noise of the WBB (4.1‚Äì5.3 mm s 1) is considerable, which is in accordance with Pagnacco et al. (2011).

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However, our previous data on healthy paediatric patients (age 3 to 18 years) undergoing catheterisation for atrial septal defect closure resulted in a transfer function with the same peak at the fourth harmonic as demonstrated by Nichols and O’Rourke [8] suggesting the validity of this technique [9].

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…the growth of not only Bifidobacteria, but also of strains belonging to the Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria phyla, while
inhibiting Firmicutes strains (especially Clostridium) (Martinez et al., 2010), which is consistent with the presented results on the dietary fiber K1 and K2 preparations.

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(Notice that opponent spatiotemporal energy magnitude will be relatively large in response to a locally coherent motion [34].

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In addition, we recently demonstrated the important role of another 89-kDa periplasmic protein localized in the invasion tip during bacterial escape from the host digestive vacuole, migration through the host cytoplasm towards the target nucleus, and invasion into the macronucleus (Iwatani et al., 2005).

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Our results regarding cortisol are in line with several studies showing that sleep deprivation elevates cortisol levels.(34)

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Prior findings of a strong correlation between exposure to a pathogenic environment and CRP in the CLHNS sample provided impetus to further examine gene-by-pathogen interactions on CRP level [9, 10].

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Our proposed algorithm seeks to improve upon the performance of several existing algorithms, including ABS [47, 48, 18, 43], local principal component analysis (PCA) [5], local adaptive singular value cancellation (aSVC) [1] and non-local aSVC [1, Section 3.

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, 1998) and human (Straiker et al., 1999; Porcella et al. 2000) ciliary bodies of signi®cantly detectable levels of CB1 transcripts and proteins.

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These findings are in concordance with previously published studies suggesting a negative impact of Af sensitization in CF.15‚Äö√Ñ√¨17 Af sensitization likely facilitates CF-ABPA and multiple factors, including degree of fungal exposure, mucus viscosity, immune status, atopy and age may also have interdependent roles.12,32,39 Other factors, such as HLA-DR/HLA-DQ subtypes and the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms
 14
 in the IL-4 binding site of IL-4 receptor alpha have also been described to associate with development of ABPA.40‚Äö√Ñ√¨42 Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm that Af sensitization routinely precedes ABPA.

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In this sense, accidentally encountered information is also always algorithmically framed and often personalised by for example previous searches and geographical location (e.g. Abel et al., 2011; Feuz et al., 2011; Hannak et al., 2013).

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The involvement of the clock in Pai-1 gene regulation has been described (Maemura et al., 2000; Minami et al., 2002; Schoenhard et al., 2003; Oishi et al., 2005a; Chong et al., 2006; Oishi et al., 2007), although the precise molecular mechanism on how the clock regulates the intrinsic daily…

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In contrast to most plant PPR proteins identified so far, which contain 12 PPR repeats on average (Lurin et al., 2004; Tourasse et al., 2013), PPR7 consists of only four PPR units, followed by a very short, positively charged conserved tail (Supplemental Figure 1).

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Second, we have previously shown that STAT3 expression was not changed by modulating RKIP expression in 293T cells [60] and third, because 293T cells have a higher transfection efficiency with the plasmids we were using, especially under the serum free conditions used in the experiments described below.

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Several authors (Anderson et al., 2009; Malmierca et al., 2009; Ulanovsky et al., 2004, 2003) use the normalized frequency difference:
f norm, f2 − f1√
f1 f2 (A.1)
where f1 and f2 have Hertz units, while others use the octave frequency separation (e.g., Von der Behrens et al., 2009).

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These polyphenols and other components have been described as having antioxidant (5), pro-oxidant (6), tumor inhibitory (7,8), antiapoptotic (9), antiangiogenesis (10,11), antiestrogenic (12,13), epigenetic (14), and other potentially chemopreventive properties (1,3,4,15,16).

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The methods of research are described in most detail in [1]; the methods of measurement and analysis of EEG coherence are described in [2]; brief information about their most essential elements is given below.

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In this study, we restrict perturbations of the kinematic environment to rotations of the visual feedback of the position of the end-effector, since this kind of transformation is well studied in both healthy human subjects and those with neurological disorders (Pine et al. 1996; Contreras-Vidal and Buch 2003).

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quantification of RAM in the biological fluids including liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) (Gupta et al., 2011; Pilli et al., 2011; Patel et al., 2014), high performance

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Moreover, two distinct types of regulated secretion have been distinguished in neuronal and neuroendocrine cells (Kelly, 1993).

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Despite significant variation in the prevalence of unhealthy weights, results of this study are comparable to previous studies [14,16,49] showing the existence of the double burden of malnutrition in the seven African countries.

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In addition, more than three quarters of 97% OTUs in these proteobacterial classes contain SSU rRNA genes detected in PCR-based studies and appear in the SILVA database [12].

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These spatial variations in the sedimentary regime will drive coral species distributions depending on coral tolerances to sediments [16,17].

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zeamais, which could be an attractive alternative considering the great potential of the oil as insecticide and repellent, particularly because it is rich in monoterpenes [18].

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Binding of C2 domains (C2A, C2B, and C2AB) of SYT2 to phospholipids was measured according to previous descriptions (Fernandez et al., 2001; Fernandez-Chacon et al., 2002; Shin et al., 2003; Schapire et al., 2008).

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A discussion of particular channel estimation techniques is beyond the scope of this paper, therefore without loss of generality, we use the least-square (LS) channel estimator [14] in Sections IV and V due its widespread adoption in OFDM systems and low computational complexity.

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In addition, according to [6], instead of performing gradient descent based on Wh, we can compute the following formulation as:

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All katanin derivatives were PCR amplified from the human p60 (McNally and Thomas, 1998) or human p80 (Hartman et al., 1998) cDNAs previously described.
p80 derivatives The WD40 domain of p80 (WD) consisted of amino acids 1-304, WDpro consisted of residues 1-484, pro-con80 consisted of residues…

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The effect of VEGF on glutamatergic transmission is still controversial, with evidence
for both inhibition (McCloskey et al., 2005) and enhancement (Kim et al., 2008).

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Heavy metals contamination of Bohai Bay in the past few years have been investigated (Zhang et al. 2002; Hua et al. 2005; Wang et al. 2005; Wang and Li 2006; Wang and Wang 2007; Liu et al. 2007; Meng et al. 2008), however, no comparison was available to show the spatial and temporal distribution of heavy metals in the bay sediments in an 11-year duration.

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First, we prove that deciding whether a set of vertices of a graph G is a clique-transversal is Co-NP-Complete, a problem whose complexity is mentioned as open in [11].

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Evidence in the literature suggests that a non-CB1 receptor exists on excitatory
terminals in the hippocampus (Hajos and Freund, 2002; Rouach and Nicoll, 2003), but this remains controversial (Hoffman et al., 2005; Kawamura et al., 2006; Takahashi and Castillo, 2006).

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This is troubling because hyperinsulinemia, a hallmark of insulin resistance, is considered a likely biological mechanism of increased risk for colon cancer and adenoma [1, 21].

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These measures provide important, but indirect, data on personal income, and may suffer from the “ecologic fallacy” of misclassifying income level on the basis of geographic economic factors, which can lead to substantial measurement error (22,23).

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Alternative splicing of exon 10 produces 2 tau protein isoforms, 3R (without exon 10) and 4R (with exon 10), and a healthy brain includes similar levels of 3R and 4R.(6) One study reported that the MAPT gene region that includes the 30-end of exon 10 and 50end of intron 10–11 is self-complementary and forms a hairpin (regulatory hairpin).

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4 tend to reach a ‘‘plateau’’ and do not converge at the same point, even though no spontaneous reactivation is detected (Estévez and Vilanova 2009).

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The increased ODC1 expression after fadrozole treatment may indicate an enhancement of the ODC/polyamine system and/or suggests a new pathway for E2 to regulate GABA production in addition to the known effects of E2 on glutamic acid decarboxylase in goldfish (46).

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Given their relatively low species diversity, biofilms growing within acid mine drainage (AMD) environments are a model system for the study of ecological processes in natural environments using ‘omic’ techniques (Denef et al., 2010a).

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The fact that others have shown that continued experience or exposure can modify when perceptual narrowing (or perceptual attenuation) occurs (Pascalis et al., 2005; Scott & Monesson, 2009), and the current results that perceptual discrimination is possible after narrowing has occurred, demonstrate…

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This result might explain why high IFP is associated with poor prognosis in human cancer (4, 21, 22).

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Climatic data
Large scale climatic conditions have been shown to affect avian productivity in general (Nott et al. 2002).

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…construction site visit, site trainings, computer games and simulations, and problem-based learning, Though roleplaying is not a popular pedagogical approach adopted in construction education, it has major benefits and potentials for improving students‟ learning (Bhattacharjee & Ghosh, 2013).

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To get a rough approximation of the divergence time for the main phylogroups, we used both the higher and the lower sequence divergence rates proposed by Pinho et al. (2007) for the ND4–tRNALeu mitochondrial fragment (2.78% and 1.74% per million years, respectively).

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This is in agreement with a previous finding that wt CLN5 is stable in cells [12].

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Additionally, MeCP2 has been implicated not in inhibition but in the promotion of activity of some genes(Chahrour et al. 2008).

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Differences between the immune function of males and females have also been reported for birds (Romano et al., 2011), reptiles (Svensson et al., 2009) and fish (Hoeger et al., 2005).

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There is strong evidence that accumulation of Aβ peptide is responsible for age-related memory decline in these mice [5–7].

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DCS is preferable to External Storage (ES) at the base station, especially when there are many types of event to detect and report, and not all event types are queried often in a large network [56].

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6A) do not follow the characteristic dipper function found for superimposed masking (Legge and Foley, 1980; Foley, 1994).

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Given that normal hippocampal functioning is essential for both episodic AM and everyday memory (Vargha-Khadem et al., 1997; Isaacs et al., 2000), we also examined the effects of age and sex on everyday memory in order to determine whether
the results would be similar to those observed in episodic…

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These results are aligned with the claims made by authors such as Kampenes et al. (2009), Jackson (2002), Gro√É√†nniger et al. (2007), Petre (1995), as it was discussed in Sect.

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…as:
P xið Þ ¼ e aþ Pn j¼1 bjxij
1þ e aþ Pn j¼1 bjxij
: ð1Þ
Here P(xi) is the probability of detection (0–1) of MODIS pixel i based on the linear combination of ASTER fire pixel summary statistics ( j=1,n), and α and βj are parameters derived from the data (Agresti, 1990; Morisette et al., 2005b).

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Nitrogen levels in the medium also influence the transcription of the ech42 endochitinase gene (Donzelli and Harman 2001).

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The electrode locations, acquired with a post-implantation CT were projected on the T1weighted individual anatomy scan (Hermes et al. 2010).

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3 To this end, the proposed method is compared with several recommendation methods including User-based CF (UCF), Item-based CF (ICF) [51], SlopeOne [52], SVD++ [53], TARS [12], SoRec [31], SoReg [54], TrustMF [22], SocialMF [28], TrustSVD [25], IPG [26], CETrust [21], and 2DGC [55].

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Protocol The study protocol followed the recommendations of the PRISMA statement and Cochrane Collaboration for systematic reviews and meta-analysis [12,13].

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Harpins are found to mediate HRbased PCD and produce elevated defense responses in plants (Lee et al. 2001a; Dong et al. 1999).

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The sequence of intermediates in the hR photocycle and their interconversions have been the subject of numerous studies (Va´ró et al., 1995a, b; Hazemoto et al., 1984; Zimányi and Lanyi, 1989a, b; Zima´nyi et al., 1989; Spencer and Dewey, 1990; Ames et al., 1992; Dioumaev and Braiman, 1997a).

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…and high levels of defecation are interpreted as indicators of high levels of emotionality (DeFries, Wilson, & McClearn, 1970; Flint et al., 1995; Gervais, 1976), although the validity of ambulation and defecation as indexes of emotionality has been questioned (Lister, 1990; Ramos & Mormède, 1998).

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Following prior work (Haghighi et al., 2008; Prochasson and Fung, 2011; Vuliƒá and Moens, 2013b), we retain only nouns that occur at least 5 times in the corpus.

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5 nM and individuals need to ingest at least 25–50 μg of vitamin D per day to sustain a blood level of > 75 nM 25(OH) vitamin D [22, 23].

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The Caribbean sample includes sequences from Panama that were previously obtained by McCartney and Lessios (2004), with GenBank accession numbers AY451242–AY451275.

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The LAA orifice area was then calculated by using the equation [19]: LAA orifice area = œÄ x (Dmax/2) x (Dmin/2).

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Discussion In the past five years, several studies have aimed to evaluate the impact of PTGS2 SNPs on the risk of developing different types of cancer [10,15,16,21-46].

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Fluoroscopy-guided anterior scalene (ASM) or pectoalis minor (PM) muscle blocks, or both, with local aneshetic were frequently used to help reinforce the clinical iagnosis of NTOS and to provide additional insight into he likely responsiveness to treatment.(7,11) All patients not reviously treated for NTOS and those for whom previous hysical therapy did not appear to have been suitably tareted toward NTOS, underwent a 4- to 6-week course of TOS-specific physical therapy overseen by a therapist ith experience and expertise in the management of TOS.

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It is estimated that the abuse and misuse of prescription opioids are responsible for somewhere between $53 to $72 billion in cumulative costs annually.(33,34) These fig-

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that can destroy tumor cells but are instead induced to suppress anti-tumor immune responses by releasing elevated levels of the immune suppressive products, nitric oxide, IL10 and TGF- , and down-regulating levels of the immune stimulatory product IL-12 [10, 17, 14, 20].

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…either undergoing pain or suffering emotionally, localized a core network including anterior insula (AI), inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), and anterior midcingulate cortex (aMCC) (Singer et al. 2004; Jackson et al. 2006; Singer 2006; Decety and Moriguchi 2007; Fan et al. 2011; Lamm et al. 2011).

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The differential magnitude of effect in large versus small studies (Ioannidis et al.
2003; Zintzaras et al. 2005) for the allele contrast was tested using the Egger regression test for funnel plot asymmetry (Egger et al. 1997) and the Begg-Mazumdar test, which is based on Kendall’s tau (Begg and…

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Even, the GU toxicity in our study are high, the observed rate averaged those described in former reports [1,4,5,7,10,11,25].

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…of these findings, the difference in thigmotaxis between the selectively bred HOFT and LOFT mice seemed to be a stable and robust feature of these animals, suggesting that the two lines differed with regard to trait anxiety rather than to state anxiety (see Belzung & Griebel, 2001; Lister, 1990).

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Division of Arabidopsis thaliana Proteins into Families using PFAM
Each probeset in the Affymetrix ATH1 microarray platform was mapped using BLAST (Altschul et al., 1990) to the
Table 3.

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The computational system arising from the ad-hoc computation network point of view has been modeled by combining the notion of distributed data streams [5] with classic distributed approaches to solve problems on particular topologies [6] as the SSSF model [2].

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Matthews et al. (2002) concluded that 3–4 days monitoring were required to correctly measure moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and that 7 days were needed to reliably estimate physical inactivity [5].

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Force feedback (FFB) has been shown to increase the usability and to decrease the cognitive workload during the surgery, as reflected in faster learning curves (Narazaki et al. 2006; Okamura 2009).

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Trait data collection
We used 10 plant functional traits related to growth, survival, and the response to environmental change (Pérez-Harguindeguy et al. 2013), including leaf area (LA; mm2), specific leaf area (SLA; mm2 g 1), chlorophyll content (measured by the SPAD device unit [see below]),…

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Infection Control Measures/Investigation of Implicated Re-useable Medical Device: After the first site visit on May 31, 2006, ACDC issued interim recommendations including adding antibiotic coverage from gram-negative organisms for cardiac surgery patients, collecting surveillance cultures (sputum) on all intubated CVICU patients, collecting environmental cultures, and culturing the TEE equipment and removing it from use.

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Bifidobacteria is the third most common genus in the human intestine, constituting about 3% of the adult fecal flora and more than 75% of the infant fecal flora (Langendijk et al., 1995; Franks et al., 1998; Harmsen et al., 2000).

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Exercise has an important role not only in promoting general health but also in the prevention and treatment of various kinds of ailments, such as mood disorders (Agras, 1995) and constitutional hypotension (Duschek and Schandry, 2007).

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Note that Drieghe et al. (2008) have proposed that parafoveal-on-foveal effects (i.e., an effect of the word to the right of fixation that appears in the eye movement record before the eyes have actually left the fixated word) may be likely to arise in cases in which the saccadic targeting system…

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Starting from the reference C-based implementation provided in the CORTEXSUITE, a recently-released suite of benchmarks designed to challenge current hardware systems [26], we completed a design specification in synthesizable SystemC that is parametric with respect to the PLM size.

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The level of expression of amyloid- protein precursor investigated gene did not coincide with the earlier data concerning staining of different parts of amyloidprotein precursor in the rat cortex [17, 21].

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This transition was introduced first by Prince and Elder (2007) and it simplifies formulas for parameter update on Mstep of EM algorithm.

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Experimental evidence and clinical observations support the concept that these molecules participate in the pathogenesis of organ injury and that their blood levels correlate with severity of illness and outcome (5, 6).

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The frame rate was set between 60 and 90 frames per second.(7) Echocardiograms were digitally stored and later analysed off-line using acoustic-tracking software (Echo-Pac version 7.

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…side-effects are found with currently available hypnotics, it will be of interest to determine whether newer genetic methods for enhancing sleep in rodents can reverse/attenuate or slow-down Alzheimer's pathology in rodent models (Jego et al., 2013; Konadhode et al., 2013; Anaclet et al., 2014).

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Indeed, strong correlations between inhibitions at different ISIs have been reported previously (Roshan et al. 2003) which would be consistent with this idea.

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Although previous reports suggest that ISC differentiation is compromised by constant signals through CD40 (41, 42), in this study we demonstrate that activation through CD40 alone drives B cell differentiation, evidenced by moderate levels of Ig secretion.

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(Following Clarke [5], to prove these results one could also replace the above two requirements by the single one that the weakest precondition be definable.)

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This dose of D1 antagonist was previously shown to suppress the increase in locomotor activity measured in the open-field test, induced by BC264 (Ladurelle et al. 1997).

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A few non-axisymmetric calculations have been carried out for inclined impact of deep substrates (Chen, 2001; Peters et al., 2002).

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RNA interference in ticks Genes for RNAi were selected based on previous results in R. microplus or Dermacentor variabilis demonstrating the effect of gene knockdown on tick attachment, mortality, and/or fertility (de la Fuente et al. 2007b; 2008).

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These include the HGMD (Stenson et al. 2009), the NHGRI Catalog of Published GWAS (Hindorff et al. 2001) and the OMIM (Amberger et al. 2009).

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Body weight and height were collected for all subjects using SECA 600 model while obesity was defined as BMI>30 kg/m 2 , according to the criteria of International Obesity Task Force [11].

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, 2007a) and further discussed in (Rüdiger et al., 2007b), which leads to catastrophic consequences when left.

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Zambia Demographic and Health Surveys (ZDHS) The ZDHS is a nationally representative population-based survey, and HIV testing was included in selected households in its 2001/2002 and 2007 rounds [21,22,23].

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For the CVLT–II index, the probability of invalid effort was calculated by the formula developed by Wolfe et al. (2010).

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A possible cause is that few approaches take advantages of the information about relations included in ontologies [Huang et al., 2004b, 2006b], which usually are used like simple dictionaries.

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Plan recognition, which seeks to infer agents’ goals along with their plans for achieving them from sequences of observable actions, has been studied for tasks ranging from traffic monitoring (Pynadath and Wellman 2000) to operating system usage (Blaylock and Allen 2003) to story understanding (Charniak and Goldman 1993).

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Measurement This study assessed frustration using the four-item scale of Kammann and Flett [1983] and continuance intention using the three-item scale of Bhattacherjee and Premkumar [2004]. Intensity of gamer experience was measured using the item “On average, how many hours per week do you spend playing this game?”.

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Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells were stably transfected with either the human TNF-a gene cloned into a mammalian expression vector (TNF-a cells) or the mammalian expression vector alone (CHO cells, control) as described previously (5, 7, 8).

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, 2010) Lack of HPWS/HRM in Victorian health care organisations Victorian state public health care organisations report limited HRM/HPWS components (Leggat et al., 2008) Victorian state public hospitals report fewer aspects of HPWS then community health services (Leggat et al.

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…have also been particularly well investigated (Perez-Coll et al. 1988; Pérez-Coll & Herkovits 1990; Steele et al. 1991; Strickler-Shaw & Taylor 1991; Sobotka & Rahwan 1995; Stansley & Roscoe 1996; Stansley et al. 1997; Kumar 1999; Rice et al. 2001; Rosenberg et al. 2003; Fink & Salibian 2005).

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The bottoms of the Bohai and Yellow Seas are composed mainly of sand, mud and mixed sediment and are not suitable for the
settlement of A. coerulea planula larvae (Chen & Zhu, 2012; Duarte et al., 2012).

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For a first experiment, 18 isolates representing 14 OTUs were randomly selected from the 92 OTUs (Shipunov et al., 2008) to serve as inoculants.

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In contrast, our analysis of the binding sites of 34 TFs revealed that many iUCEs likely serve as enhancers in early fly development, similarly to what has been observed in mammals (Pennacchio et al. 2006; Visel et al. 2008).

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Fragments of the Dem gene were cloned by inverse PCR (IPCR) (Thomas et al., 1994) and used to screen a lgt10 cDNA library constructed using seedling mRNA.

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The Scottish translocation (St Clair et al., 1990) interrupting the coding sequence of DISC1 occurs between exons 8 and 9 (Ishizuka et al., 2006; Millar et al., 2001).

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…it induces the acrosome reaction of the spermatozoon; and, finally, immediately after fertilization, it prevents polyspermy (Baker et al. 2000; Bleil and Wassarman 1990; Herrler and Beier 1999; Serrano and Garcia-Suarez 2001;Thaler and Cardullo 2002; Yanagimachi 1994; Zhao and Dean 2002).

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In animals, supplementation with antioxidants seems to protect against CP-induced side effects (Greggi-Antunes et al., 2000; Mansour et al., 2002; Sueishi et al., 2002).

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The stress-wave velocity of each of these logs was measured using the HM-200 (Fibre-gen, Auckland, New Zealand) resonance-based tool.

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Activation of both the Jak/STAT and MEK/ERK signalling pathways has been implicated on IFN-γ-induced iNOS expression (Blanchette et al., 2003; Park et al., 2005; Shen et al., 2005).

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Interestingly, on average, individuals choose to exercise at intensities around VT [10-12,19] but individual differences in the chosen intensity are also demonstrated.

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However, we did expect the manipulation to modulate the processing fluency of the metaphoric target sentences, so that the metaphoric target sentence would be processed more easily in the matched than in the mixed or literal contexts (Thibodeau & Durgin, 2008).

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Unfortunately, especially in cases of hereditary renal magnesium wasting, normal values for total serum magnesium are hardly achieved by oral substitution without considerable side effects, mainly resulting from the cathartic effects of magnesium salts [2].

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Interestingly, CLN5 is capable of utilizing MPR-independent pathway(s) to reach the lysosomes in the absence of MPRs [12].

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We suggest that the interaction of two superimposed stimuli occurs during early sensory processing, while the interaction of two spots or separated patches of dots may occur later in sensory-motor integration or even in the motor pathways for pursuit (e.g., Kahlon and Lisberger 1999).

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…are that the flipped classroom approach focusses student-centred and collaborative, problem-based learning activities, thus enabling teachers to spend more time identifying student problems and knowledge gaps (Mason et al., 2013; McLaughlin et al., 2014; Prober & Khan, 2013; Strayer, 2012).

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In mouse models of amyloid-b accumulation, reduced cerebral blood flow occurs well before any pathological or neuro-
logical abnormalities (Niwa et al., 2002a, b; Iadecola,
2004).

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In 2004 and 2005, we analysed variation in the concentration of carotenoids in relation to embryo sex in a nondestructive way (see Rubolini et al., 2006b; Saino et al., 2008a).

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A more recent study has employed a novel technique to measure body fluid compartments using bioimpedance spectroscopy, and showed increases in measured total body water (TBW) and ECFV with a trend for intracellular fluid increase in RGZ-treated mice (Fu et al., 2015).

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It is known that contractile agonists, in addition to causing smooth muscle cells to generate force by the actomyosin mechanism, also result in actin polymerization (34, 49).

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Protein phosphorylation was analyzed by flow cytometry as described in detail previously [12-14].

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A novel prokaryotic immunity-like system (CRISPR/CAS) has been recently discovered (Barrangou et al., 2007; Brouns et al., 2008; Marraffini & Sontheimer, 2008), involving two main constituents: (i) clusters of regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and (ii) CAS (CRISPR-associated…

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As observed previously (Worley et al., 1986b), 3H-forskolin binding differs strikingly from that of IP, in the hippocampus, with highest densities in the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus and the mossy fiber projection to CA3.

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However, evidences of CPGs structures have been proposed for human (Duysens and Van de Crommert, 1998; Marder, 2000), initially for locomotion while recent insights suggest that the concept of CPG applies to the upper limb as well (see e.

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The left hand was used so the results could be compared with previous studies (Burnett et al. 2000; Christou et al. 2003, 2007; Laidlaw et al. 2000).

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Hence, the high sensitivity of RNA and its easy degradation are consequently highly affected by the extraction procedure utilized (Schroeder et al. 2006).

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Further, selection was based on the following criteria: (1) both twins completed the 1987 VETR enrollment survey and the 1992 Harvard Drug Study (HDS; Tsuang et al. 1996) survey; (2) at least one twin reported that he had children born between 1974 and 1988; and (3) at least one twin met criteria for a lifetime diagnoses of DSM-III-R alcohol dependence (for COA) or drug dependence (for TAP) (as determined by the HDS; Tsuang et al.

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Another mass transfer technique for film cooled endwalls was applied by Friedrichs et al. (1996) using the Ammonia-Diazo method for discrete hole film cooling. Jabbari et al. (1996) among others used the naphthalene sublimation technique for such an application.

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In the earlier definition in Taiwan, developmental disability was attributed mainly to health conditions or impairment of body functions, likely to be lifelong in nature and to result in substantial activity limitations and restrictions in societal participation [17].

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‚Ä¶research quality, our results point instead to two alternative explanations: on the one hand, our findings appear to complement recent work by Stern (2004), which argues that firms benefit by promoting science not because it improves theR&Dprocess, but rather because talented employees‚Ä¶

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…the AN model, each of which has been tested against physiological responses from cats to simple and complex stimuli, including tones, two-tone complexes, broadband noise, and vowels (Carney 1993; Heinz et al. 2001; Zhang et al. 2001; Bruce et al. 2003; Tan and Carney 2003; Zilany and Bruce 2006).

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This dysbiosis may impact the presence of interleukin-17 (IL17)-producing T-helper cells (Th17) and regulatory T cells (Tregs), as the development of these cells is heavily reliant on the microbial composition (Atarashi et al. 2011; Ivanov et al. 2009; Kriegel et al. 2011).

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…of the precentral sulcus, superior to the cingulate sulcus (or the paracingulate sulcus, when present), and behind the coronal plane perpendicular to the anterior commissure – posterior commissure (AC – PC) line and tangent to the posterior margin of the AC (Chainay et al. 2004; Fink et al. 1997).

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With “Ayur” meaning life and “veda” meaning knowledge or science, Ayurveda is centered on health principles (Patwardhan and Mashelkar, 2009).

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Comparison of sperm retrieval rate according to testicular histology
Five of the included studies made a comparison of sperm retrieval according to testicular histology (Okada et al., 2002; Tsujimura et al., 2002; Ramasamy et al., 2005; Colpi et al., 2009; Ghalayini et al., 2011).

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comparable to that in a recent study conducted in the mainland China [16], which has population health characteristics comparable to those in Taiwan.

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[30] focus on returning the fragments rooted at SLCA nodes, and propose an XML keyword search engine XSeek.

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3D organotypic culture was performed as described previously (Wescott et al. 2009).

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The contradiction between our results and those of Morrel may be explained by the fact that Morrel‚Äôs conception was based on studying neuronal plasticity in animal models and human tumorous epilepsies and not on the classic chronic human epilepsies e.g. HS-associated TLE.101
 In subprimate species, the mirror focus usually develops after some days to
 months.

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Because BOOP is generally a noninfective infiltrative lung disease, anti-infective agents are not routinely part of the treatment regimen.(3,5,17,72)

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