In addition, these vaccines may also prevent or reduce transmission of pathogens by reducing tick populations and/or affecting tick vector capacity (de la Fuente et al. 1998, 2007a; Rodríguez Valle et al. 2004).

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The APP response has been observed in common pig infections (Grau-Roma et al., 2009; Pomorska-Mól et al., 2011a, b) but it is not known whether infection with H1N2 swine influenza virus (SIV) also induces an APP response.

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1994; Fora et al. 1996). During the final third of gestation in fetal sheep, Fora et al. (Fora et al. 1996) reported that ovine fetal anterior pituitary cells exhibit a progressive decline in ACTH1–39 release in response to CRH, while AVP-induced ACTH release increases. This is supported by the findings of Lu et al., (1994) that CRH binding sites in the anterior pituitary declined during late gestation in the ovine fetus.

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Both approaches can be applied in a blind manner [3, 7] or by using training symbols [1].

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Other proteins, including synaptotagmin (Matthew et al., 1981) and SV2 (Buckley and Kelly, 1985; Bajjalieh et al., 1992), are components of both small clear synaptic vesicles and large, dense-core
vesicles (Kelly, 1993).

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There are some large case series that have reported a low risk of stroke after AF ablation.(39) Although the stroke rate is low in

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The drift was removed because it would produce exaggerated standard deviation (SD) of force values not representative of the fluctuations of interest (39,46).

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Recent work has shown that opportunistic routing is an efficient way to achieve low-latency yet energy-efficient data collection in WSN [24, 26, 38].

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We also apply attribute selection and select the most informative 2,000 terms using Information Gain as described in Altınel et al. (2013, 2014a, 2014b), Ganiz et al., 2009, (2011) and Poyraz et al. (2012, 2014).

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Induction of the complement cascade in the brain, particularly in myeloid-derived cells such as microglia/monocytes, has been shown to be a potentially damaging event in aging and disease [28,29,30,31].

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The late Pleistocene encompassed several Croll–Milankovitch climate cycles that would be expected to produce deep phylogeographic structure in marine species (Avise, 2000).

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However, in humans, MMAIII/V and DMAIII/V are the most relevant metabolites (Cohen et al., 2006; Tapio and Grosche, 2006).

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Cardiac manifestations include atrial or ventricular tachycardia, premature contractions, a prolonged QT interval and torsades de pointes [2].

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The procedures used to evaluate the incidence of fractures are described in detail in the original reports [9, 10, 13].

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As Caldwell and Nittrouer (2013) note, voicing contrasts for consonants may be relatively more resistant to hearing loss than other phonemic distinctions, a fact that has likely contributed to the results we found regarding how well bilingual children with CIs were able to match their peers‚Äô productions when it came to initial stop voicing.

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In many species, rhythmic movements have been proved to be the output of dedicated neural circuitries, the Central Pattern Generator(s) (CPGs1) (Marder, 2000; Marder and Bucher, 2001).

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Despite its abundance in soil, inorganic P (Pi) is least bioavailable for plant uptake due to adsorption, precipitation and conversion to organic forms (Rengel and Marschner 2005).

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We choose a well-studied parallel task scheduling of DAG, DLS (Dynamic Level Scheduling)([33]), as a baseline in our experiments.

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This article aims to identify the putative mechanisms governing changes of activity observed in thalamic cells after cortical inactivation based on earlier experiments and suggested network topologies with special reference to our previous work (Waleszczyk et al. 2005) as one of the few studies investigating the effect of the cortex inactivation on both excitatory and inhibitory cells.

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The United States National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) has reported an encouraging 20% reduction in lung cancer mortality with low-dose CT screening over chest X-ray screening [5].

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The average value of observed heterozygosity in this study is close to that obtained by Yamamoto et al. (2003) at 0.5, and is also congruent with results using isoenzymes (Huang et al. 1994; Pereira-Lorenzo et al. 2006).

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In this experiment, we tested whether lexical competition as reflected in the Gender Number interaction is restricted to freestanding morphemes, as suggested by Schiller and Caramazza (2003), or whether it also occurs for bound morphemes like adjective inflections, as suggested by the results of Schriefers (1993). Participants produced noun phrases consisting of an adjective with a bound gender-marked suffix (exhibiting the same distributional properties over gender classes and number, singular vs.

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…human health [Dockery et al., 1993; Krewski et al., 2003] and visibility [Seinfeld and Pandis, 2006] and can also influence Earth’s energy balance either directly [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2007] or through the modification of cloud properties [Twomey, 1977; Albrecht, 1989].

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One study addressed elevated serum cortisol [28], and another reported significant changes in female hormones and leptin [30] during fasting.

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This compares favourably with results reported previously in those treated with open reduction and internal fixation [1, 13].

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The c-met protooncogene encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase that has been identified as a receptor for hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF) [77].

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The action of this saline on VSMN spike rate, membrane resistance, and premotor activity was discussed in a previous report (Krans and Chapple 2005).

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PED protein has also been found to be overexpressed in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and fibroblasts from type 2 diabetic individuals (1).

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…(1997) model gave us new, logically coherent, but largely ungrounded explanations for describing a previously-identified pattern of change, while Orlikowski (1996) gave us new, grounded, but as yet logically uncertain explanations for both identified and (at that point) unidentified patterns…

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Axelsson et al. (2012) and Auton et al. (2013) obtained estimates of Ne for dogs that differed 4-fold, and Freedman et al. (2014) detected very large changes in effective population size since the time of domestication and in different wolf lineages.

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All four infants had multi-organ dysfunction syndrome [3]; their underlying diagnoses were complex congenital heart disease (two infants), left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy, and congenital dyserythropoietic anemia, respectively.

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Following previous studies [18], for the purposes of these analyses patients were combined regardless of treatment group assignment in the clinical trial.

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The role of receptor phosphorylation and β-arrestin binding in the internalization of M2 AChR and other muscarinic receptor subtypes remains controversial [66].

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across different stages of their life cycle and thus have been proposed as possible causes of jellyfish blooms (Richardson et al., 2009; Dong et al., 2010; Purcell, 2012; Duarte et al., 2012).

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Given that Pro is one of the low-molecular organic osmolytes, Pro accumulation is frequently considered an evaluating parameter for the osmotic adjustment capability of plants under salt stress (Verbruggen and Hermans 2008).

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This last observation is in line with another study that showed that the number and size of polyps influence test accuracy for detection of advanced adenomas [16].

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An ideal day for scheduling OPU was defined by the administration of hCG on the day when at least three follicles reached the size of 17 mm, or with one day of delay (protocol charts 0 and +1), regardless of the type of protocol used, as supported by previous reports (3,9).

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HPLC-UV methods which use PP and LLE as pretreatments were developed to determine baicalin and baicalein in rat and human urine samples (Lai et al., 2003a, b; Di et al., 2006; Zhang et al., 2006; Gao et al., 2007; Zeng et al., 2010).

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The main parameter in muddy, shallow water environments, where food-supply is much higher than in the deep-sea, is the availability of oxygen [van der Zwaan et al., 1999; Jorissen et al., 2007].

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In humans, this phenomenon is manifested in reduced motivation for work, friends, family, and monetary gain (e.g., Goldstein et al., 2006, 2008; Jones, Casswell, & Zhang, 1995; Nair et al., 1997; SantolariaFernandez et al., 1995).

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Respectively 93% and 52% of the athletes could return to sports activities at the pre-injury level at an average of 5 to 6 months [1, 2].

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In addition, because liver can be effectively targeted by in vivo delivery of short RNAs, it represents a good model for the development of anticancer miRNA-based approaches of gene therapy as previously reported for other liver diseases (48, 49).

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…out using 20 ml of the following medium DY in a 22-mm-diameter test tube: 1 g of 2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 1 g of yeast extract, 2 g of (NH4)2HPO4, 0.5 g of MgSO4·7H2O, 5 ml of metal solution (Uchida et al. 2003), and 5 ml of vitamin mixture (Yoshida et al. 2004a) in 1 l of tap water, pH 7.0.

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Up to 40–80% of human breast cancers exhibit decreased expression of Brca1 or increased activation of Akt1 (Thompson et al., 1995; Sun et al., 2001; Narod and Foulkes, 2004; Wickenden and Watson, 2010).

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, verbal fluency) (Benton and Hamsher 1976), Letter-Number Sequencing of the WAIS-III (Wechsler 1997), Trail Making Test (Bondy 1994; Tombaugh 2004), and Odd Man Out (Flowers and Robertson 1985) tests.

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A now-classic finding is the bias toward local-level details in Navon Hierarchical Figures (alphabetic letters drawn using smaller alphabetic characters) in individuals with ASD (i.e. Koldewyn et al. 2013; Rinehart et al. 2000; Wang et al. 2007).

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…to be consistent with the assumptions of several authors who suggest that ambivalence may be a normal aspect of the change process (Mahoney, 2003; Messer, 2002; Neimeyer, 1995), which is probably associated with clients’ self-protection regarding the anxiety of changing familiar ways of…

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For recently infected subjects (n = 34) the time of seroconversion was estimated by Fiebig stage assignment as described elsewhere [43,45].

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Our reasons for choosing this VHC were (1) the valve design with baffling to improve drug delivery, (2) the visual indication of inspiration and face mask seal via the Flow-VU indicator, (3) the charge-dissipative polymer, and (4) the availability and design of various sizes of mask.

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For phylogenetic analyses, the obtained sequences were assembled to a reference set containing sequence information of 180 species of cichlid fishes from Lake Tanganyika (Boileau et al., 2015; Meyer et al., 2015) using CODONCODE ALIGNER.

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We ran each inference procedure for 20,000 steps of stochastic gradient ascent updates, using Adam (Kingma & Ba, 2015) to adjust the learning rates at each step.

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Phosphoproteomic studies of Arabidopsis plasma membrane proteins (Nühse et al., 2004) indicate that at least two PHT1 transporters (PHT1;1 and PHT1;4) are phosphorylated (for PHT1;1 modification affect Ser-520).

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An increase in number of nAChRs at neuronal surfaces after prolonged nicotine exposure is probably mediated by several posttranslational mechanisms (Goriounova and Mansvelder, 2012a; Govind et al., 2012).

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Consistent with Hojat et al. (2002a), medical students in the intervention group in this study were given higher OSCE ratings overall by the tutor.

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Direct segments [46, 113] extend standard paging with a large segment to map the majority of an address space to a contiguous physical memory region, but require application modifications and are limited to workloads able to a single large segment.

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In this paper, we use the wavelet based denoising filter as described in our prior work [1, 7, 10, 17].

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Two children with protein C deficiency suffered coumarin-induced skin necrosis [20, 36, 42].

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In the course of the proof in [2], the authors prove that in G(n, p), for suitable values of p, a number of events that deal with the number of edges spanned by a vertex set of a given size occur with high probability.

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Due to αvβ3 integrin aggregation on the glial cell surface caused by Thy-1 binding [37], restricted Thy-1 lateral diffusion could also result from Thy-1-integrin binding at cell-cell contact sites [6,53] or within the same cell [12].

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It is possible (as previously suggested [9]) that the primary resistance to fluid flux occurs at the fascicle level and that resistance to fluid flow between fascicles and out of the tissue may be minimal.

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A recent new method for detecting suboptimal effort in TBI was developed using variables from the CVLT–II (Wolfe et al., 2010).

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Components of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) family of mitogen-activated protein kinases are present in spermatozoa and involved in capacitation (Luconi et al., 1998; de Lamirande and Gagnon, 2002).

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The detrimental impact of large group size on reproduction, particularly during drought conditions, probably results from reduced foraging efficiency from scramble competition (Bronikowski and Altmann 1996; Altmann and Alberts 2003a), as found in several other cercopithecine populations (van Schaik and van Noordwijk 1988; Dunbar 1996).

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367 G [ A nucleotide change in exon 4 of the IVD gene (Dercksen et al. 2012).

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However, it is unlikely that CEP290 and BBS4 play a redundant role on PCM-1 function because knockdown phenotypes are distinct: the depletion of CEP290 resulted in an abnormal concentric accumulation of PCM-1, whereas BBS4 knockdown caused the dispersion of PCM-1 (20).

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This is consistent with studies of Askaer et al. (2011); Mahmood and Strack (2011) and Herbst et al. (2013) who demonstrated the importance of soil temperature in controlling microbial activities when conditions are favorable for CH4 production (i.e., at high GWL).

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108, 11262–11267. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1011284108 Calvert, G. A., and Thesen, T. (2004). Multisensory integration: methodological approaches and emerging principles in the human brain. J. Physiol. Paris 98, 191–205. doi: 10.1016/j.jphysparis.2004.03.018 Calvo, J. M., Datta, S., Quattrochi, J., and Hobson, J. A. (1992). Cholinergic microstimulation of the peribrachial nucleus in the cat. II. Delayed and prolonged increases in REM sleep. Arch. Ital. Biol. 130, 285–301. Cartwright, R. D. (2010). The Twenty-four Hour Mind: The Role of Sleep and Dreaming in Our Emotional Lives. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 37–38. Castro, S., Falconi, A., Chase, M. H., and Torterolo, P. (2013). Coherent neocortical 40-Hz oscillations are not present during REM sleep. Eur. J. Neurosci. 37, 1330– 1339. doi: 10.1111/ejn.12143 Chalmers, D. J. (1996). The Conscious Mind: In Search of a Fundamental Theory. New York: Oxford University Press. Chawla, D., Lumer, E. D., and Friston, K. J. (1999). The relationship between synchronization among neuronal populations and their mean activity levels.

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The results of the 12-month-olds in Experiment 1 are consistent with the results of Pascalis and colleagues (Pascalis et al., 2002; Pascalis et al., 2005) as they demonstrated that by 9-months of age, infants no longer discriminate unfamiliar monkey faces.

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(4)
Since estimating these conditional probabilities is impractical, following an earlier approach (Blaylock and Allen 2003), Mott et al. (2006) defined two n-gram models based on a Markov assumption that an observation !! depends only on the goal ! and a limited window of preceding observations.

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Pathogenic genetic variants identified in potassium genes lead to a loss of function; this in turn gives rise to a decrease in the release of potassium, inducing the channels to remain open for longer and the QT interval to be prolonged due to a longer ventricular repolarization time.(32) Currently, several pathogenic genetic alterations have been reported in 6 different potassium

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Among the transporters VGluT 1 and 2 were found in the hypothalamus (Herman
et al. 2004).

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A third species, Porites astreoides, was only collected from ADM and NNP in Florida and the Bahamas, respectively (Thornhill et al. 2006a).

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Cohort studies were assessed using criteria based on the Health Technology Assessment Program guidelines, which provided evidence-based recommendations on the assessment of nonrandomized trials (18).

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Thinning-based algorithms either also prune away smaller branches [23] or use feature characteristics to detect and remove them [24].

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Because of their controllable and reversible transition, ER fluids have been extensively applied for a wide range of electromechanical engineering devices such as isolation dampers, shock absorbers, and clutches as well as for engine efficiency [9–11].

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H1-receptor binding studies: Inhibition of agonist-induced calcium flux was measured in CHO cells expressing the H1-receptor using the method described in [24].

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A molecule that reportedly confines Thy-1 transiently in rafts is the C-terminal Src kinase (Csk)-binding protein (CBP) [10], which is an important scaffolding protein that participates in cell signaling [11-13].

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For better browsing, images are again arranged on a regular lattice [10, 7] as demonstrated in Figure 5.

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d See MacWhinney and Snow (1985). e Satterthwaite’s method used, due to unequal variances. Note : The 15 children reported by Hall et al. (1984) were each tested over a 2-day period.

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The Pascal VOC Part dataset [3] contain ground-truth part segmentations of 107 object landmarks in six animal categories.

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While the redox buffer pairs (e.g. GSH/GSSG, reduced PC/oxidised PC, and reduced Protein/oxidised Protein) can protect cells from oxidative damage (Tsuji et al., 2002), this produces an imbalance in the redox status that may lead to other unwanted effects such as changes in intracellular pH, which…

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…freely (in order to optimize accuracy of parameter estimates), VO2p data were modeled from the beginning of phase II to 4 min (240 s) of the step-transition; this ensured that each subject had attained a VO2p steady-state, yet did not bias the model fit during the on-transient (Bell et al. 2001b).

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For example, word embedding algorithms operate at the level of inner products or distances between word vectors [Artetxe et al., 2018a, Conneau et al., 2018].

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However, orkokinins require a C-terminal GFxGF motif for activity that is absent in NLP-3 peptides (Nathoo et al., 2001).

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Others, however, have found a larger than expected contribution of trans divergence (McManus et al. 2010, Coolon et al. 2014).

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Nevertheless, the clinical implications of these findings are not clear as no prognostic significance of EGFR gene amplification was found in some studies and contrasting results were published in others, often carried out with different approaches [27, 29].

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Serum CA125 is presently considered as a marker of response to treatment rather than a screening/diagnostic marker (Van der Berg et al, 1988; Tuxen et al, 1995; Rustin et al, 1996; Zanotti and Kennedy, 1999).

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The use of the intracellular dye carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) in proliferation assays has become an essential tool in mapping cellular division histories since its introduction in 1994 [17, 18, 19, 20, 23]–see also the recent surveys in [6, 12, 27].

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In this study, the proposed method is based on atrial activity extraction using an echo state network (ESN) re cently introduced as a unified solution to the problem of QRST cancellation in the presence of substantial variation in beat morphology and/or occasional ectopic beats [7].

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Thus, cells exposed to an electric field, rapidly fixed as described (Kindzelskii and Petty 2000), then labeled with FLDHP, showed intense and localized labeling of the lamellipodium (Fig.

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An increase in superioinferior breast displacement has also been positively correlated with increases in exercise-induced breast pain (Bridgman et al., 2010; Scurr et al., 2010), and consequently breast biomechanics research has made recommendations to wear a high level of breast support (sports bra) when exercising to reduce breast pain (Bridgman et al.

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expression of nutrient transporters and the thickness of the cell layers separating the maternal and fetal capillaries (interhaemal thickness), representing the barrier to diffusion of nutrients and gases (Constância et al. 2002; Sibley et al. 2004).

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However, Mrgprs have been reported more recently to also be expressed in peptidergic neurons (Liu et al. 2009, 2010).

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There are several indications that our protocol, although simpler than that of Mogyoros and colleagues, provides similar results in normal subjects (Mogyoros et al., 1996).

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Autoaggregation and colony morphology changes induced by Ag43 (Diderichsen, 1980; Henderson et al., 1997a) occur only in certain genetic backgrounds (e.g. E. coli K-12) and are not pronounced properties of E. coli ML308-225 derivatives, a phenomenon probably related to the presence of different…

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Previously, a Dutch study [24] revealed that IDH1mutation was a good predictor of OS but not response to temozolomide after radiotherapy in patients with low-grade astrocytomas, which is in agreement with our findings.

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Based on the alignments, phylogenetic trees were inferred using the maximum likelihood (ML) method in the PHYML program (Guindon and Gascuel 2003) in Geneious 5.3.5 package with the General-timereversible (GTR) substitution model.

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These results, of a fast short term depression of the fEPSP with a gradual return to baseline, coincide with former findings reported with NMDA application on hippocampal cell culture [60] [61].

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…seeks to infer agents’ goals along with their plans for achieving them from sequences of observable actions, has been studied for tasks ranging from traffic monitoring (Pynadath and Wellman 2000) to operating system usage (Blaylock and Allen 2003) to story understanding (Charniak and Goldman 1993).

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The KCEF is therefore an extension of the KEF introduced in Sriperumbudur et al., 2017.

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It is worth noting that there are many useful results on the dynamical behavior of neural networks with discontinuous activation functions (see [17-33, 49-52]).

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Other extra-renal symptoms may consist of intracranial arterial aneurysms, cardiac valvular defects, abdominal and inguinal hernias, and colonic diverticulosis [1, 3, 17].

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To generate transgenic Arabidopsis, constructs were mobilized into Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain AGL-1 using triparental mating, and transformed into Arabidopsis by vacuum infiltration as described in [39].

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(d) Degradation of 35S-labeled wild-type human cycB1-NT (1-88) in mitotic Xenopus extract supplemented concomitantly with unlabeled WT human cycB1-NT (1-88), WT or D-box mutant sea urchin cyclin B1 NT (13-110), at indicated concentrations.

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They include the ER, 595 with its rough and smooth domains (Sitia and Meldolesi, 1992), the neuronal 596 plasma membrane, with different compositions in the soma and dendrites 597 (Bradke and Dotti, 2000), and even the cytosol, where gradients of calcium 598 and other second messengers are…

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In particular, in [10] the authors have discussed the transition behavior during the change between two time-invariant discrete-time wavelet transforms.

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A key difficulty that we address in this work is that relative to previous analysis [14] a new source of error arises from the approximation of γ(t) by γ̄(t).

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Motion energy filters (MEF; Watson & Ahumada, 1985; Adelson & Bergen, 1985) are built from subunits with separable spatial and temporal receptive fields, as is the case for many V1 simple cells (Robson, 1966; Tolhurst & Movshon, 1975; Field & Tolhurst, 1986; DeAngelis, Ohzawa, & Freeman, 1995; De…

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This result is in congruence with studies that showed a negative association between screen media usage and academic performance [26-31].

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Down’s syndrome cell adhesion molecule (Dscam) has been shown to regulate dendrite self-avoidance inDrosophila (Hughes et al., 2007;Matthews et al., 2007; Soba et al., 2007) and mouse (Fuerst et al., 2008, 2009).

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This finding is in accordance with the results of cross-sectional studies in various populations from Italy, Japan, and China [9-14,18].

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The SBF with biophysically realistic model oscillators Cosine oscillators were extensively used in numerical simulations of interval timing models with great success [13,21,52].

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Previous results in this regard were controversial, showing that Treg cells impair [17] or improve [18] angiogenesis after limb ischaemia.

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This is consistent with the findings of previous studies of the neural substrates of sleep-dependent enhancement of motor sequence learning (Walker et al., 2005a; Albouy et al., 2008; Debas et al., 2010).

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As such, the Health Action Process Approach model [47] was utilised to identify evidence-based determinants including: low outcome expectations, low risk perception, low self-efficacy, and lack of social support for healthy lifestyle.

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Similar results were observed in a study of phenotypic relationships of health disorders to lactation persistency (Appuhamy et al., 2007).

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6 Workflow referencemodel—example state transitions for a task instance (taken from [23])

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These are in keeping with earlier studies on the steadystate response (2, 5, 8), step-function response, (3, 5, 6, 14) and sinusoidal response ( 14) of the various vascular beds.

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Recognition was defined as repetition in trial 2 of the
identification response given in trial 1, regardless of correct identification (as in D’Angiulli & Waraich, 2002).

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The ROC curve was calculated by varying the probability values (i.e., the decision criterion) of error classification from 0% to 100% and plotting the associated true positives and false positives (Fawcett, 2006; Macmillan & Creelman, 2005).

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In the experiments reported here, we used SFOLD [30] to estimate the marginal distribution at each nucleotide over structural contexts (e.g. paired, unpaired, hairpin loop) for each position of the sequence by sampling a large number of structures for the sequence according to the Boltzmann distribution.

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Late viral proteins are instead structural elements necessary for new particle assembly and formation and for the lysis of the cell that occurs after maturation [12].

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The current trendsetters in predictive coding are the motor control crowd who have developed, empirically validated, and promoted the notion of internal forward models as a neural mechanism necessary for smooth, efficient motor control (Kawato, 1999; Shadmehr et al. 2010; Wolpert et al. 1995).

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Past research has documented regional variations in Medicare spending and the use of specific services per beneficiary [3-5], or costs and service use for people with specific illnesses [6-10].

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Genomic DNA was purified from various tissue specimens and PBLs by previously described methods.(26,28,49) The amplification of Sm–Sa fragments from in vivo switched cells was also performed as described before.

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Lymphoproliferative lesions include a wide range of diseases such as benign reactive lymphoid hyperplasia, atypical lymphoid hyperplasia, and lymphoma, based on varying degrees of histopathologic and immunophenotypic features.(1-30) The approach to treatment of a lymphoid tumor of the eye and its adnexa includes an assessment of the patient’s ocular and systemic status.

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Moreover, SB269970 improved reversal learning deficits induced by subchronic PCP in rats (McLean et al. 2009b).

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In addition, abnormal guidewire position on fluoroscopy may also indicate perforation [11, 17].

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Protein sequences were clustered using Proteinortho [34] in the blastp+-mode, thus performing a pairwise all-against-all comparison of sequences from different species to derive orthologous relationships.

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Our implementation was based on Caffe (Jia et al., 2014), which is one of the most popular deep learning frameworks.

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…of NMDAR antagonists have been suggested to be highly useful models of the cognitive impairment in schizophrenia (Stefani and Moghaddam 2002; Abdul-Monim et al. 2007; Grayson et al. 2007; Rodefer et al. 2005; McLean et al. 2009a; Nagai et al. 2009; Young et al. 2009; Snigdha et al. 2010).

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Previous data from our group revealed that GDNF up-regulation is crucial to estradiolinduced dopaminergic protection in 6-OHDA-treated midbrain cell cultures [10].

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The size of the images were reduced to 512 √ó 341 pixels and then PCA-SIFT was applied to extract feature vectors.

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It was also reported that the high-dose X-irradiation to hypocatalasemic mice readily induces signet ring cell carcinoma [19].

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Those molecules include the b-secretase called b-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) [2,3] and the transcriptional modulator activating

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2007) or a multiple dominant marker line T586 (including a fuzzless locus N1) (Zhang et al. 2005; Guo et al. 2006; Wan et al. 2007).

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Mammalian lysozymes are c-type muramidases, capable of both hydrolysis and transglycosylation (Jolles et al., 1974; Jolles and Jolles, 1984).

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To further investigate whether signaling upstream of JNK1/2 is also influenced, we examined the activation of MEK, MKK3/6, MKK4 and MKK7, which activate downstream JNK1/2(31-33).

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Content validity was examined by 9 experts with clinical service of more than 15 years each.(12) The internal consistency was estimated with the use of Cronbach‚Äôs coefficient alpha.

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25 (Carlson and Seamons 2008). Although this is a modest value, it does provide ample opportunity for natural selection to operate. The other condition – a selective differential – is clearly met. Hydropower development has profoundly changed freshwater environmental conditions experienced by Snake River fall Chinook salmon, so ample reason exists to believe that selective pressures for age at smolting could have changed as well. Our analyses suggest that the possibility of rapid evolutionary change in juvenile migration tactic within the last 50–60 years. Credence is lent to this hypothesis by research that has concluded that evolutionary changes have been experienced by introduced Chinook salmon populations over a 90-year period in New Zealand. There, Unwin et al. (2000) documented a divergence in juvenile migratory timing associated with differences in water temperatures that had affected juvenile growth, an association similar to that observed in Snake River fall Chinook salmon.

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Still, the majority of speech apraxia cases do not seem to carry causal mutations in FOXP2, BCL11A or ERC1 [6, 11, 12].

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, 2002) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) (Kushida and Gotoda, 2013; Miyazaki et al., 2011) or enteric polymers such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP) (Miyazaki et al.

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Our previous report showed that the corresponding lysine residue of T. thermophilus acyl-CoA synthetase was also propionylated (Okanishi et al. 2014).

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The non-trivial baselines were two n-gram models, adopted from previous goal recognition work (Blaylock and Allen 2003; Mott et al. 2006).

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suggested that there was little evidence of the contribution of methylation to downregulation of miR-99a [10].

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However, the real contribution may be substantially greater than this if, as has been shown previously, respondents tend to over-report their physical activity using IPAQ [28].

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SIFT uses DoG function to identify the potential features and it uses 128-dimensional vector to store the feature vector.

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014 roviding important information for surgical management nd postoperative outcomes for patients with ERM.(5,6) pectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT; also known as Fourieromain or high-speed OCT) is a new technology that has een demonstrated recently.

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Unlike Bcl-2, which is highly expressed in naïve and memory T cells and rapidly downregulated after T cell activation, Mcl-1 expression is strongly induced after TCR stimulation (Dunkle et al., 2011; Opferman et al., 2003).

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multiple equilibria, see Albanesi et al. (2003), King and Wolman (2004) and Blake and Kirsanova (2012), and a simple New Keynesian model is not appropriate to investigate many consequences of policy delegation.

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The apparent disparity between physiologic and neurologic/ fetotoxic effects of PCP on mortality and morbidity is consistent with previous studies of PCP [20,29,36].

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These results are in agreement with phylogenies previously reported for AGT sequences (Chen et al., 2008;Wong and Takei, 2011; Umasuthan et al., 2012).

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We compared these patient experiences to those of patients with chronic disease that had received in-person post-test genomic counseling in a parent study randomized controlled trial (RCT) [18].

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Specifically, we compare our methods against V-MDAV [35] because it is the most similar method to MDAV and its variant CBFS.

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The clinical trial protocol and the flow cytometry staining and analysis procedures used to acquire data in this study have been described in detail elsewhere [8,33].

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Down’s syndrome cell adhesion molecule (Dscam) has been shown to regulate dendrite self-avoidance inDrosophila (Hughes et al., 2007;Matthews et al., 2007; Soba et al., 2007) and mouse (Fuerst et al.

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…of corticospinal projections from the site of stimulation, indexed by reduced amplitude of motor evoked potentials in relaxed hand muscles (Chen et al., 1997; Maeda et al., 2000; Touge et al., 2001; Romero et al., 2002; Tsuji and Rothwell, 2002). rTMS at 1 Hz reduces the amplitude of the…

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QUERI researchers’ use of HIT was concentrated in five distinct areas: (1) clinical decision support systems (CDSS); (2) HIT tools targeted for specific users; (3) telehealth applications; (4) design and maintenance of VA-wide databases; (5) integration and innovative use of extant VA-wide data (Table 2).

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This was followed by multiple pediatric case reports [9, 13, 15, 21, 23] and combined adult and pediatric series [16, 24, 27].

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These domains comprise verbal fluency (Triggs et al., 1999; Fabre et al., 2004), attentional control (Vanderhasselt et al., 2009), reaction time (O’Connor et al., 2005; Bloch et al., 2008; Vanderhasselt et al., 2009), executive functions/working memory (Martis et al., 2003; Bloch et al., 2008),…

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The epidemic curves in the Montreal network occasionally exhibit multiple peaks, driven by underlying community structure [56].

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A similar degree of desensitization was found in adolescent animals, a developmental time period in which the PFC is vulnerable for long-term adaptations induced by nicotine (Counotte et al., 2011b; Goriounova and Mansvelder, 2012a).

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Interregional GABAergic neurons have been described also in the adult isocortex (Gonchar et al., 1995; Fabri and Manzoni, 1996; Jinno and Kosaka, 2004; Tomioka et al., 2005; Apergis-
 Schoute et al., 2007).

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…degree of FA unsaturation in skeletal muscle membrane PLs has been shown to correlate positively with insulin sensitivity (Borkman et al., 1993; Pan et al., 1995), whereas the proportion of 16:0 in both skeletal muscle PLs and TGs correlated negatively with insulin sensitivity (Vessby et al.,…

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However, luciferase gene expression from the IFN-stimulated Mx1 promoter or the SV40 promoter was reduced by PR(1-80)Tx(80-239) but not by Tx(1-80)PR(81-230) (Fig.

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Since a NO donor relaxed the pylorus in vitro (17) , NO could be the putative NANC inhibitory neurotransmitte r at the pylorus.

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With neurodisruption techniques, it is now established that both SEF (Stuphorn and Schall, 2006) and IFG (Chambers et al., 2006, 2007) are critical for inhibitory control.

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As the T99 mutant was rendered unable to grow on 4-CP by an insertion of a transposon into a hydroxyquinol 1,2-dioxygenase gene, the results suggest that cleavage of hydroxyquinol is a vital part of degradation of 4-NP and 4-BP as well as of 4-CP (Nordin et al. 2005).

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These results appear consistent with PCR amplification bias favoring GCneutral content as previously documented for RNA-seq data (7, 17, 65).

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Nowadays, there are only a few studies that have a systemic view on these accidents (Bentley 2008) and which try, by using detailed analysis (Gao and Abeysekera 2004, Leclercq and Thouy 2004, Bentley et al. 2005, 2006, Derosier 2005), to enlighten contributing factors and root causes involved in…

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…I analyzed these data using a multi-level mixed-effects linear regression (GLMM, lme package in R software, 2.7.2,
Foundation for Statistical Computing, R Development Core Team 2008), which uses t-tests to test the null hypothesis that a coefficient equals 0 (Bolker et al. 2009; Crawley 2007).

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It has been previously reported that chronic exposure to glucocorticoid can inhibit gonadotropin (LH and FSH) secretion as evidence by decrease responsiveness to administered GnRH and subnormal plasma testosterone.(16) LH is the hormone involved in the regulation of the steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein that deliver cholesterol to inner mitochondria for steroidogenesis in the Leydig cell.

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On the other hand, the conservative treatment is more often complicated by re-rupture of the Achilles tendon [14, 16, 31].

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Amplicon preparation, sequencing and data analysis were conducted for all 44 samples as described previously (Hospodsky et al., 2012).

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The cause is the direct effect of the antigen-antibody complex that triggers an inflammatory cascade mostly mediated by cytokines Th1 [17, 19].

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Nevertheless, podocytes have been shown to possess a differentiated amino acid transport system [73] including vesicular glutamate transporter [74, 75], and recent findings reveal more and more similarities between podocytes and neuronal cells.

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Our results are in agreement with the findings of a study in Brazil which also calculated low internal radiation doses for granite industry workers (Estellita et al 2010).

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Previous studies indicate that jellyfish planulae have different substrate choices and settlement preferences between natural and artificial materials (Holst & Jarms, 2007; Hoover & Purcell, 2009; Duarte et al., 2012).

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Our proof borrows heavily from the work of Hori, Herbst and Page [5], in which they give a detailed physical argument for a generalisation of Orlov’s result.

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The coordinated formation of each of these components is crucial to synaptic function, and genetic studies have revealed multiple conserved pathways that control their development (Collins and DiAntonio, 2007; Harris and Littleton, 2015; Menon et al., 2013).

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The average magnitude of the NBR increases with increasing stimulus intensity and duration (Klingner et al., 2010; Shmuel et al., 2002), suggesting that NBR reflects neuronal inhibition required to optimise task performance, by reducing sensitivity and allocation of processing resources to the unattended or irrelevant part of the sensory field.

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…for multiple bands is that chick brain contains at least two BgtR subtypes because of the expression of a8 subunits (Schoepfer et al., 1990; Gotti et al., 1992, 1994; Keyser et al., 1993). a8 subunits, which are highly homologous to a7 subunits, are not found in mammals (Elgoyhen et al.,…

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Even though many studies about complications following transpedicular instrumentation have been reported [2, 11, 17, 20], the possibility of adjacent superior facet joint violation that may lead to instability, which can bring about adjacent segmental degeneration, has not been studied in detail.

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Several studies revealed redundant and essential roles of both, class I and II HDACs, in multiple levels of development and tissue patterning (De Rubertis et al., 1996; Shi and Mello 1998; Lagger et al. 2002; Brunmeir et al., 2009; Pillai et al., 2004).

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TPC, TFC, FRAP, DPPH, and ORAC values were slightly different from, but comparable to, values in other reports (Cardador-Martinez et al., 2002; Heimler et al., 2005; Xu et al., 2007).

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In preliminary implementations of SSEhunter, the identified structural features have been used to establish virus evolutionary relationships (Baker et al., 2005) and compare ion channel structures (Ludtke et al.

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Because previous work [10, 9, 5] has found strong diurnal patterns in traffic matrices, the third generation methods we study assume that when flow monitors are turned on, they remain on for 24 hours.

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Chen (2001) developed a new FMADM approach for resolving the DC location selection problem under fuzzy environments based on a stepwise ranking procedure.

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Chlorhexidine has previously demonstrated an antibacterial spectrum that includes most of the microorganisms present in the oral cavity, such as Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, bacterial spores, lipophilic viruses, yeasts and dermatophytes [7].

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This database has been updated with a yeast three-hybrid (Y3H) screen for MADS-domain proteins (Immink et al., 2009) using SEP3 as the third interactor.

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…94 Hart et al. 2003 [17] Manual postop xray 60 70 Hart et al. 2003 [17] Manual postop xray 60 93 Matsumoto et al. 2004 [27] Manual postop xray 30 67 Tillett et al. 1988 [42] Manual (IM) postop xray 25 92 Tillett et al. 1988 [42] Manual (IM) postop xray 25 92 Tillett et al. 1988 [42] Manual (EM)…

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A 3-day duration of UUO was used, as both AT1 and AT2 receptors are abundant in the kidney at this age and renal AT2 expression falls rapidly in the neonatal period (27, 48).

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We reasoned that drugs that alter chromatin, such as 50Aza and TSA, might be effective at disrupting Cdkn1c expression when epigenetic marks are consolidated (Bhogal et al., 2004; Umlauf et al., 2004).

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Insulin sensitivity was measured using the insulin sensitivity index of Matsuda, a wellestablished measure of whole-body insulin sensitivity [16].

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The discovery and characterization of new tick-protective antigens is important to improve existing vaccines for the control of cattle tick infestations (de la Fuente et al. 2007a).

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SM/J individuals tend to be more responsive to the effect of a high-fat diet in relation to body weight, fat depot weight, organ weight, basal glucose levels, and triglyceride levels [23,24].

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spatially localized faulting that characterizes ribbon structures [Hansen and Willis, 1996, 1998, and references therein; Ghent and Hansen, 1999].

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The proportion of laboratory confirmed cases (n = 3634) among clinically diagnosed cases (10,966) is about 30% [25].

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Thirdly, ErbB-3 is characterized by a defective mechanism of clearance from the cell surface (Baulida et al., 1996; Pinkas-Kramarski et al., 1996): instead of ligand-induced internalization and degradation in lysosomes, a mechanism shared by many growth factor receptors (Sorkin and Waters, 1993), ErbB-3 is destined primarily to enter the recycling pathway (Waterman et al.

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Then, the 29 pixels whose NDVI values were greater than 0 and less than 0.2 were seen as non-vegetation pixels (Tsai et al., 2007; Noujdina and Ustin, 2008).

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As shown recently, a different member of the Krueppel-like factor family KLF4 demonstrated a potent antiapoptotic effect upon HDACi treatment which was mediated in part by direct binding and transcriptional upregulation of p57 followed by inhibition of the stress response phosphorylation pathway [42].

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…isoforms, despite the use of different experimental endpoints such as production of inositol phosphates (Brauner-Osborne
and Krogsgaard-Larsen 1999), competitive binding (Green et al. 2000; Kaupmann et al.
1998a; Malitschek et al. 1998) or coupling to Kir3 channels (Kaupmann et al. 1998a).

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It was found in (Hulse et al. 2007) that the effectiveness of re-sampling for imbalanced learning depends on the evaluation metrics and base learning algorithms.

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Thus we selected BG01 and HUES-7, which were independentlyderived at BresaGen (Mitalipova et al., 2003) and Harvard University (Cowan et al., 2004) using different embryo culture, inner cell mass isolation, hESC culture and hESC passaging methods.

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We tested different classes of corrector molecules such as corr-2b, corr-3a, corr-4a, corr-4b (Pedemonte et al., 2005), VRT-532 (Wang et al., 2006), and VRT-325 (Loo et al., 2005) for their abilities to inhibit cross-linking of L339C (TM6)/F728C (TM7).

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To demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed approach, we generated independent and anticorrelated data sets by using the same way that has been used to generate the datasets in [5].

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Cross-talk between JA and SA signalling has been described in response to various attackers (Beckers and Spoel, 2006; Stout et al., 2006; Koornneef and Pieterse, 2008).

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Six cortical fields each contained a separate representation of sound fre-
quency (2–32 kHz), and the range of BFs mapped in all regions covered the range of pinna-related frequency and ILD cues in the rat (Koka et al., 2008; Tollin and Koka, 2009).

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SNX27 however, possesses a unique PDZ domain involved in alternative cargo trafficking (Cai et al., 2011; Gallon et al., 2014; Lauffer et al., 2010; Lunn et al., 2007; Steinberg et al., 2013; Temkin et al., 2011; Valdes et al., 2011; Wang et al., 2013), and our results now suggest an additional unique property of this protein with respect to lipid headgroup association, interacting with PtdInsP species not bound by the other family members.

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Because antibiotic inhibitory interactions can be highly specific among Streptomyces isolates (Davelos et al., 2004a; Vetsigian et al., 2011), the benefits of producing a single antibiotic may vary across communities.

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We demonstrate that a spatial registration strategy of pooling all data disregarding disease status or scanner (study site and/or MFS) produces results with the greatest validity in terms of biological plausibility (Frisoni et al., 2010).

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…of a relatively larger area or volume (Alidaee et al., 2009; Beard et al., 2006; Bertuccelli et al., 2004; Gancet et al., 2005; Kovacina et al., 2002; Kuiper and Nadjm-Tehrani, 2006; Lawrence et al., 2004; Merino et al., 2006; Parunak et al., 2005; Richards et al., 2002; Sauter et al., 2005).

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This result is consistent with the reported trend of providers ordering testing of more genes per patient.(25)

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the additional foreground 1SVMs help our algorithm remembering the detected foreground appearance, and as a result, lead to better performance than previous work using only local background models such as [18, 5].

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Those with alcohol dependence ever in lifetime met at least three symptoms of maladaptive pattern of alcohol use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress (Sheehan et al., 1998; American Psychiatric Association, 2000).

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lalandi transcriptome sequences (YTK002, YTK008, YTK011, YTK017 and YTK019) [3] and three loci (Sdu21, Sdu32 and Sdu46) validated from the literature [18, 19] were used to genotype the experiment fish for parentage analysis in this study.

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Recent papers [6], [14], [15] show that spatial max and average pooling of feature maps output by intermediate convolutional layers is an effective representation, and higher performance can be achieved compared to using fully connected layers.

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2, as well as our implementation of the algorithm introduced in [16], is freely available at http://www.

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…neural network connectivity between brain regions increasingly has been proposed as a key characteristic underlying memory deficits in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), which has a high risk of conversion to Alzheimer's disease (AD) (Bai et al., 2009a, 2009b; Sorg et al., 2007).

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It has been reported that various mechanisms such as telomere shortening, histone modification, DNA methylation and miRNA expression affect the proliferation and differentiation of MSCs, resulting in cell senescence (Bonab et al., 2006; Noer et al., 2006; Wagner et al., 2008; Zhang et al., 2008; Bork et al., 2010).

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The contamination of ground and surface water by As from soils and sediments represent significant threats to human health (WHO 2004) and, consequently, it is essential to fully understand the transport characteristics of solid phase As (Zhang and Selim 2005).

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This co-activation of the tongue protrudor and retractor muscles is particularly significant, as this has only been reported in the isolated rodent UAW [3].

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We trained the ve di erent merged architectures described in gure 2c-2g ve times for ResNet-164 and for DenseNet100-BC.

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We need to look at the sign of a few derivatives to identify the impact of an increase in risk, which implies some calculations (Nishimura and
Ozaki, 2007): sign of 2

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Mutations in ATRX result in loss of ATRX protein by immunostaining and are thought to mediate loss of function (1).

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Pupillometry has been proposed as a simple and sensitive tool to detect subclinical autonomic dysfunction [30,31].

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…back-propagation learning, Mixture-ofExperts (ME) model (Jacobs et al., 1991; Jordan & Jacobs, 1994; Jordan & Xu, 1995) and its alternative model (Xu, 1998a; Xu et al., 1995), as well as normalized RBF nets (Moody & Darken, 1989; Nowlan, 1990; Xu et al., 1994) and its extensions (Xu, 1998a), but…

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Furthermore TGFβ is the only inhibitor of myogenesis that does not stimulate myoblast proliferation (Florini et al., 1986; Massague et al., 1986; Olson et al., 1986).

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The Illumina platform and Roche GS-FLX are an effective combination to call SNPs when lacking a reference genome [17–20], but additional labor, time and cost are required to build a rough reference with GS-FLX.

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The risk of death of PWA, as compared to non-PWA, was estimated using sex-and agestandardized mortality ratios (SMRs).17 SMRs were calculated as the ratio between the observed number of deceased PWA who had a specific can er to the expected one, estimated on the basis of sex- and age-specific (quinquennia) mortality rates among non-PWA, multiplied by the person-years at risk among PWA.

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Ecological parameters of WNV transmission have yet to be clearly defined in tropical ecosystems typical of the Caribbean Basin countries.(1) Serosurveys of free-ranging birds in several countries have identified infections in numerous species of

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This approach is a modified version of the dynamic bioclimate envelope model developed by Cheung et al. (2008a).

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Cysteine to serine mutation of WhiB1 was generated by overlapping extension PCR using a primer pair consisting of wild type [23] and appropriately mutated primer as mentioned in the Table 2 (Additional file 2).

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A type I T-cell gene signature that promotes both the generation and tumor infiltration of cytotoxic T cells has been shown to be associated with an improved clinical outcome in a variety of tumor types (2, 3).

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The literature describes substantial variation in dentists’ assessments of clinical, community, and behavioral factors that influence their decisions to provide a particular restorative treatment for their patients (21-23).

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In studies that report intakes as frequency, we converted a serving size as 80 g according to other meta-analysis [15, 16].

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In addition, PTH-induced release of calcium from bone is substantially impaired in the presence of hypomagnesaemia, as magnesium depletion interferes with the generation of cAMP in response to PTH [2, 3].

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We also used an example based MT (EBMT) system [31] [32] which was developed by Joshi et al.

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Ultimately, telomerase-deficient cells undergo replicative senescence, a process in which the majority of cells in the culture cease to grow, and a variety of deleterious genome-destabilizing events increase in frequency (Chen and Kolodner, 1999; Hackett et al., 2001; DuBois et al., 2002; Hackett and Greider, 2003; Mieczkowski et al., 2003; Meyer and Bailis, 2007).

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As in previous studies, injury severity was stratified using the discharge diagnosis ICD-9ebased ICISS scoring system, which has been shown to outperform other scoring systems in predicting injury mortality and is particularly suited for the study of administrative databases.(8,9,12,13) The definition of severely injured patients was chosen to match that in several preceding studies that focused on the survival advantage of severely injured patients treated at DTCs in Florida.

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Animal treatment
Regeneration of soleus muscles in 300–330 g male Wistar rats was induced by notexin as described previously (Zádor et al. 1996).

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