Nelson Mandela

Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (susru s xhosa [ x o ˈ l i ː ɬ a ɬ a m a n ˈ d e ː l a ] ), ɣef ayed isem n tamadla-s « Madiba » , ilul ass 18 yulyu 1918 di Mvezo [ 1 ] ( Tadukkli n Tafriqt n Unẓul ). Yemmut ass 5 dujamber 2013 di Johannesburg , d- argaz n Uwanek n Tafriqt n Wenẓul ; yella deg iɣellaten imezrayen n Imenɣi mgal anagraw aserti n apartheid uqbel ad yuɣal aselway n Tagduda n Tefriqt n Wenẓul seg 1994 ar 1999 , sakin des tifranin timezwura tiɣelnawin war beḍḍu n iri deg l' umezruy n tmurt agi .

Nelson Mandela yekcem ar Uswir Aɣelnaw Aferkan (ANC) deg ussegwas 1944 , iwakken ad i nnaɣ mgal aɣmar aserti n tadersi tamellalt dɣa abeṭṭu n iran i t-seṭṭef taneggarut agi. Yuɣal d-abugaṭu , i ttekki ar ubellen war takriḍt mgal isuḍaf n apartheid , id i yesexdem anabaḍ n Ukabar Aɣelnaw seg 1948 . Deg useggwas 1960 , ANC yuɣal d-amegdul ; daɣen, abellen Amelwi ur d-yettak ara igmaḍ yelḥan, Mandela yesnulfa-d ageṭṭum aserdas n ANC, Umkhonto we Sizwe (Uzzal n uxtuc n uɣlan) , deg useggwas 1961 . Xedmen timhalin n wesfata mgal isgulaf izuyaz d-iserdasen. Ass n 12 yulyu 1963, yetweḥbes sɣuṛ lbulis n Tafriqt n Unẓul s-timula n CIA (Tafullut Talemmast n Umel), daɣen ḥekmen-as i lḥebs d imuhal n tmara alamma d lmut deg uẓmaẓ n Rivunia . Imir, y-uɣal d-azamul n ubellen i tulut n iran dɣa yermes tadhelt tagraɣlant i temɣeren.

Sakin 27 iseggwasen di lḥebs deg tiwtilin tiweɛṛanin, erran-as tilelli i Mandela ass n 11 fuṛaṛ 1990, sakin, aneggaru-agi yeḥuded amsuɣal d ustug s unabaḍ n uselway Frederik de Klerk . Di 1993 , yermes (s de Klerk) arraz Nubel n talwit acku sseḥbesen (sin yidsen) deg talwit anhil n apartheid dɣa ssersen-d llsisan n Tafriqt n Wenẓul tamegdayt tamaynut [ N 1 ] .

Sakin tukkit i wɛeṛen anda de Klerk d-netta ssinefen ṭrad taɣarimt gar imuɣlen n apartheid, wid n ANC dɣa wid n Inkhata s-uneɣmar zulu , Nelson Mandela y-uɣal aselway aberkan amezwaru n Tafriqt n Wenẓul di 1994 . Yenheṛ tasertit n umsuɣal aɣelnaw gar iberkanen d-imellalen ; yennaɣ mgal tirgaddiwin tudmisin, lamaɛna yestehzi amennuɣ mgal SIDA , yellan deg tallit n urnay deg Tafriqt n Wenẓul. Sakin lmanda awḥid, yekkes iman-is deg tameddurt tasertit turmidt, lamaɛna i kemmel arfad azayez i Uswir aɣelnaw aferkan maca i kemmel ad i ssiẓer tifuliwin-is.

Yeddukel sakin deg aṭas tiddukliwin n ubellen mgal tileqqi nneɣ sida, yetwerfed ar usertatu n tigemmi tucrikt n talsa [ 1 ] , Yeqqim d-yiwen udem deg umaḍal yetsmeḥsesen ɣef usentel n Izerfan n Wergaz dɣa yetwali am baba-s n Tafriqt n Wenẓul agetiri d amegday ummid , semman-as « aɣlan taslit n wenẓar », ɣas ma tamurt yesɛa weṛɛad igna n tirgaddiwin tudmisin, tussdiwin timettiyin dɣa tuqqla ɣer timɣiwan.

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