Kliyubatra VII

Kliyubatra VII Filubatur , i d-yufraren seg useggas n 69 ar 30 send tlalit n Ɛisa, tella d taneggarut n imenkaden n twacult tabṭulamyit i iḥekmen Maṣer. Taɣerma tamaṣrit n tallit-nni tella tettmagar gar sin izemzawen: taggara n tilelliyin taqburin d tazwara n udabu arumani. Kliyubatra tuɣal d targit tamaẓlayt deg umezruy agraɣlan s sebba n tigzi n uziɣer-is, tamusni-s tasnakalt, d wamek i teǧǧa taɣerma-s ad tenz.

Laṣel d Twacult Tabṭulamyit

Kliyubatra tlul-d deg twacult tabṭulamyit, i d-yusan seg yiwen seg imḍebbren n Liskander Ameqqran, Bṭulamus I Suter. Twacult-a teḥkem Maṣer seg useggas n 305 send tlalit n Ɛisa. Imawlan n Kliyubatra nutni d Bṭulamus XII Awlitus d yiwet n temɣart ur nettwassen ara s telqey. Tesɛa atmaten d tesetmatin, gar-asen Kliyubatra VI, Birinis IV, Arsiniyi IV, Bṭulamus XIII d Bṭulamus XIV. Deg tallit n twacult tabṭulamyit, amezday d tnezmert n udabu sɛan azal ameqqran. Imenkaden bṭulamyiyen ttaken iman-nsen d ilisen, ttawḥen s userwes n tmusniwin tigrikanin akked timaṣriyin tiqburin. Kliyubatra teɣra tamusni tagrikanit, tamaṣrit taqburt, taɛrabt, d waṭas n tutlayin nniḍen, ayen i s-yefkan tanzemart tasnakalt ameqqran.

Tudert-is d Wamek i Tuli ɣer Udabu

Deg useggas n 51 send tlalit n Ɛisa, mi yemmut baba-s Bṭulamus XII, Kliyubatra tebḍa annaḍ akked gma-s Bṭulamus XIII, yellan d amecṭuḥ fell-as. Akken llan wansayen n twacult tabṭulamyit, ilaq ad ḥekmen sin wemdanen lwaḥed. Maca tazɣent ur tɛeṭṭel ara ad d-tban gar watmaten-nni.

Seg useggas n 48 ar 47 send tlalit n Ɛisa, amennuɣ aɣarim arumani gar Julyus Qayṣar d Bumbiyi yewweḍ ar Maṣer. Kliyubatra tesseqdec tigzi-s tasertant akken ad teg assaɣ akked Qayṣar, i s-yefkan tallelt mgal gma-s. Bṭulamus XIII yemmut deg umgaru n Liskandrit deg useggas n 47, yeǧǧa Kliyubatra d tamenkadt tawḥidt n Maṣer.

Amhaz n Unaba-s

Kliyubatra tesɛa amhaz ussnan ɣef tnebaḍt n Maṣer. Tesseḥbiber ɣef tanezzut d tadamsa, tesnerni azadur n Liskandrit am temdint tagraɣlant n tussna d tanezzut. Tamkarḍit-is tettwassen s wugar n tezmert-is tasertant d tdiplumatiyt.

Tasertant Tadamsant

Kliyubatra teḥkem tamurt tesɛan lufa n tiremt d wakal yelhan. Maṣer tella d "aḥric n Ruma", ayen i d-yettawin ihri ameqqran i tgelda. Kliyubatra texdem aṭas akken ad tessimɣer afaras n Maṣer d usifeḍ n tinezzutin-is ar berra. Tesnulfa-d ilugan imaynuten n tiwsi d tebzert akken ad ternnu ihri n tgelda, maca tḥader ad ur tseɛreq igduden s waṭas.

Tanila Taɣelsant d Tdelsant

Kliyubatra tefka azal ameqqran i tmusni d idles. Tamkarḍit n Liskandrit, i yellan yakan d ammas ameqqran n tussna, tennerna ddaw n unabaḍ-s. Terna tessawal aṭas n tutlayin, ayen i s-yeǧǧan ad teg timlilit d yimusnawen d yimazzagen si yal tama n umaḍal aqdim.

Issaɣen d Tnezmarin

Issaɣen Tidamsiyin

Kliyubatra texdem aṭas n yissaɣen akken ad tesnerni tadamsa n Maṣer:

Issaɣen Tiserkanin

Tesnulfa-d anaḍ amaynut n tsartit anda imḍebbren imaṣriyen sɛan ugar n tezmert deg uselḥu n tɣawsiwin. Aswir amenzu n tnebḍit yuɣal yettili s tutlayt tamaṣrit mačči kan s tegrikit, akken yella zik.

Timezgiwin Tiberraniyin

Assaɣ akked Rum

Timezgiwin n Kliyubatra akked Ruma d tid yesɛan azal ameqqran deg umezruy-is. Assaɣ-is amezwaru yella d Julyus Qayṣar, i s-yefkan afus akken ad tili d tamenkadt. Seg wassaɣ-a i d-ilul mmi-s Qaysaryun.

Seld lmut n Qayṣar deg useggas n 44 send tlalit n Ɛisa, Kliyubatra tuɣal tefka afus i Markus Anṭunyus deg umennuɣ mgal Uktavyanus (Ugusṭus ɣer zdat). Zewǧen deg useggas n 37 send tlalit n Ɛisa, sɛan kraḍ warraw: Liskander Ḥilyus, Kliyubatra Silini , d Bṭulamus Filadelfus.

Amgaru akked Uktavyanus

Assaɣ gar Kliyubatra d Anṭunyus yexleq tugdi deg Ruma. Uktavyanus yesseqdec tazniwt mgal-nsen, yenna-d belli Kliyubatra tebɣa ad taɣ amkan n Ruma s tezmert-is. Amgaru aneggaru yella deg yilel n Aktyum deg useggas n 31 send tlalit n Ɛisa, anda tewwi temerna Rum n Uktavyanus.

Taggara n Unaba-s

Seld tirennawt n Aktyum, Kliyubatra d Anṭunyus rewlen ɣer Liskandrit. Maca Uktavyanus yeḍfer-iten. Deg wussan ineggura n ɣuct n useggas n 30 send tlalit n Ɛisa, Anṭunyus yenɣa iman-is mi yesla belli Kliyubatra temmut, ɣas akken yella d tikerkas mačči d tidett.

Kliyubatra, mi teẓra belli ur tezmir ara ad terwel seg Uktavyanus, tenɣa iman-is s yiseččan. S lmut-is, Maṣer tuɣal d tamnaḍt tarumant srid, d taggara n tgelda tamaṣrit taqburt i yeduman azal n 3000 n iseggasen.

Tikta Tineggura

Kliyubatra VII teǧǧa-d azamul deg umezruy agraɣlan. Ɣas akken texser amgaru aneggaru, tugna-s am tgeldit tussnant, d tin yesɛan tanzemart tasartant, tettili-d ar ass-a. Amezruy-is yesken-aɣ-d amek i tzemmer yiwet n temeṭṭut ad teḥkem deg tallit ideg irgazen sɛan tanzemart tuget, d wamek i tzemmer tdiplumatiyt d tezmert n uziɣer ad ilint d ifeckan n unaba.

Taɣerma tamaṣrit i teḥkem temmut yid-s, maca isem-is d wayen i texdem qqimen d amedya n tezmert d tizelgi deg umezruy n tnebaḍin tulawin timeqqranin n umaḍal aqdim. Kliyubatra ur telli kan d taneggaru n imenkaden ibṭulamyiyen, tella daɣen d yiwet seg tnebaḍin i d-yeǧǧan azamul ur yettnessen deg umezruy agraɣlan.