Lmulud at Caɛban

Mulud Ferɛun neɣ Mulud At Ceɛban , d amyaru aqbayli. Illul ass 8 meɣres 1913 di Tizi Hibel di temnaṭ n Tizi Wezzu . Yemmut ass n 15 meɣres 1962 di Lebyar tama n Lezzayer tamanaɣt . I t-inɣan d amussu n O.A.S.

Tadiwennit

Tadiwennit d Mulud Ferɛun

Teffeɣ deg l'Effort Algerien n 27 furar 1953 yesteqsa-t Maurice Monnoyer.

Yerra-tt ar teqbaylit Amor Rekis

S lferḥ ameqran ad awen nehdu tadiwennit d Mulud Ferɛun ara isufɣen ungal-ines wis sin, Akal d Idammen ɣer tizrigin Le Seuil. Adlis-a, i d-yettwacekkren aṭas, war ccek ad isɛu azal ameqran imi yettmeslay ɣef lɣerba n iqbayliyen ar Fransa. ’’ Mulud Feraun ata da zdat-i , yusad srid si tmurt n yiqbayliyen. D acu tenniḍ ad temlileḍ yid-s tura ..? i d-yesteqsa Emmanuel Roblès di tilifun . Ulayɣar nniɣ-awen srid i qebleɣ. Azgen n tsaɛtt mbaɛd, win ara yeqqimen ɣur-i mmis igellil , yekcem ɣer lbiru-inu. yiwen ufus yerfed lemḍela wayeḍ aqrab n uglim.

Yessers ayen ibub. Yeẓẓel afus-is yexmes yid-i s leḥmala. Mulud Ferɛun yettban amzun d imsetḥi maca mi d yuki kan s teflest neɣ laman ad yelli iman-is, yettmeslay, yettqesiṛ awen d iban ulac argaz lɛali am netta. Netta yettmeslay-d nek taɛwadɣ-as tamuɣli s tuffra. Deffir tismaqalin tettreqriq deg taṭucin-is tafat n tudert. Yessers sin ifasen iberkanen sufella lbiru . Icetiḍen i yelsa ḥman , aqerruy-is yeǧǧa-t ɛaryan , tamgarṭ-is tettban i-yid am akken tekcem deg tuyat-is seg ubalṭu aqehwani i yelsa.Udem yennecraḥ ɣas anyir tkerz-it ddunit. Acebbub d ulwiɣ, aberkan am claɣem-is i cebḥen imi-s m’ ara yecmumeḥ.

Siwlaɣ-d ɣef ungal-inek amezwaru.

-Uriɣ Mmis igellil deg ussan iberkanen n umgaru, s teftilt n ukanki .Rriɣ deg-s ayen akk yellan deg ul-iw.

Ungal a d ameddurman* , neɣ akka ?

-Ih…aṭas i fkiɣ i wakken ad yeffeɣ udlis a acku iḥuzayi laẓ di kra n ussan . ɣas akkeni imru ur yeḥbis armi ukiɣ i wayen i zemreɣ ad ggaɣ. Cciɛa i d-yewwi tesbeɣs-iyi akken ad aruɣ idlisen niḍen.

Yernad d akken ilul deg Tizi-Hibel taɣiwant n Larbɛa n at Iraten deg tama n Igawawen. Deg twacult tagellilt.

I baba-k d acu yella ixeddem ?

-D afellaḥ I yella ɣef iman-is di tallit-nni i lullaɣ maca deffir 1910 terra-t tmara ad yeǧǧ akal n lejdud yeḍfer abrid n unadi n uxeddim anda niḍen. Imir-nni Iqbayliyen ur ttinigen ara ar Fransa maca ar tama n Qsentina. Ruḥ a zzman armi yufa iman-is deg imɣizen n Ugafa , di Lens syen yedda ar tama n Paris . Yella ixeddem ar Fonderies d'Aubervilliers mi t yewwet umxix deg uxeddim.

Nezmer ad ninni d akken baba-k yeṛwa laɛtab akken ak n irebbi. Deg acḥal yid-wen i tellam ?

-Semmus (5), sin deg-sen d arrac. amaẓuẓ d aɣen d aselmad .

Deg Mmis n igellil , turiḍ s ubrid n ungal temẓi-inek d leqraya-k. Tewḍed ar iswi-k s iɣalen-ik . Aṭas i tɛajb-iyi tabɣest-ik….

-Ur zmireɣ ad ttuɣ yiwen seg iselmaden-iw id yefkan afus n tallalt akken ad i fken lbursa akken ad kemleɣ leqraya deg Tizi-wezzu akk d ENA (aɣerbaz amagnu n Lezzayer).

Melmi id tuɣaleḍ d aselmad ?

-Deg useggas n 1935 . Seg ass-nni aṭas n tɣawsiwin i seɣraɣ ladɣa di Tewrirt Mussa , sin ikilumitren ɣef taddart- iw, seg 1946 ar 1952.

Assa aqlik-id d anemhal n uɣerbaz n warrac n Larbɛa nat Iraten …. -D tidett Akka ih, seg wayyur n tuber.

Aɣerbaz n 300 inelmaden s timeɣri tanemmadut*, tferḥeḍ ?

-Deqs-aɣ. ɣur-nneɣ aman di tbernint d trisiti. Amejjay d ufarmasyan zdat-nneɣ kan.Igerdan qqaren akken ilha acku bɣan ad lemden aṭas n tɣawsiwin.

Tzewǧeḍ ?

-Zewǧaɣ, ɣur-i 6 igerdan , ameqran deg-sen d bab n 13 iseggasen.

Newweḍ ɣer w Akal d idammen . Mulud Ferɛun yessereḥ deg meslay….nettḥulfu d akken adlis yecreḍ aṭas n wayyuren n tensuft. Adlis mazal yedder deg-s, ɣas akken atan yakan deg Paris.

Amek ik d t ussa tikti n ungal-a amaynut ?

-Tamezwarut d cciɛa n ungal id uriɣ deffir wa i-d-iyi sbeɣsen ad aruɣ wiyaḍ. Tis snat, tikti tusa-yid akken ad suqlaɣ iman (rruḥ) n Teqbaylit, ad iliɣ d anagi.Nek d aqbayli aquran d mmis uqbayli,seg mi d lulaɣ i zedɣeɣ di Tmurt-a .Iqbayliyen d imdanen am nutni am wiyaḍ.Nek aqli-yi da i wakken awen t id inniɣ. Seg mi bdiɣ tira n udlis a, yeṭafar-iyi ameddakel-iw Roblès , ɣur-s ass-a 20 iseggasen segmi tesnaɣ.Netta i yesbeɣsen di yal tikkelt yettased ar ɣur-i ar Tewrirt ad yessefqed ma kfiɣ-t neɣ ala, takerrust-is tameɣbunt aṭas i tenaɛtab deg iberdan yettalin s adrar .Ad teẓrem d akken tadukli ar ɣures macci d awal kan.

Ungal n Aɛmeṛ d Marie .

ɣef acu yettmeslay ungal akal d idammen ?

Mulud Ferɛun ur d yerra awal din din. Yebda yetturar mebla ma ifaq s inziz (llastik )yufa sufella lbiru , mi t yeḍleq yeddem akeryun . Yeḍeqr iman-is ar deffir ikemmel :

-Niɣ-as lɣerba n Iqbayliyen tezmer ad efk yiwen neɣ kra n idlisen .Bḍiɣ lɣerba ɣef snat : seg 1910 ar 1930 akk d 1930 ar assa. Akal d Idammen yettmeslay ɣef tallit tamezwarut, ad rnuɣ ungal niḍen ɣef tallit tis snat.

Ayɣer snat n talliyin ?

-ɣef akken ttwaliɣ yella umgarad (lxilaf) ameqran ger snat talliyin-a . lɛeqliya n Iqbayliyen n w ass-a yettinigen ar Fransa ur telli maḍi am tin n iqbayliyen isen irẓan asalu.Yif akken wejden Iqbayliyen n 1953 imi taɣen tanumi i tmeddurt n temdint maca yif akken ṭfen imezwura di tjadit d tmurt.Llan ttḥirin melmi ara uɣalen ar taddart s isurdiyen ara ten isuffeɣen seg yir liḥala ig llan ddren.Ass-a nettidir ayen niḍen.

Siwlaɣ-d kra fell-as

-Wwiɣ-d deg Akal d idammen taqsiṭ n Aɛmer, ilemẓi n 14 iseggasen, i d-uznen ɣer Paris netta d iǧiran-is deffir umgaru n umadal amezwaru.Aɛmer yella ixeddem d amenwal ɣer warraw n taddart-is .Di Fransa yebda ixeddem am netta am atmaten-is deg umɣizi (lmina).Deg yiwet n tmeddit yenɣa war aɛemmed yimen uqbayli.Ameɣbun meskin ur yezmir ad yuɣal ar tmurt imi yugad at nɣen tawacult n umerḥum.Yeqqim di Fransa.Zrin 15 iseggasen , yettu leḥder, yejma tamurt d tudert n imesdurar . Yewwi yides tameṭṭut-is Marie , taparizyant ig ṛwan lemṛaṛ n ddunit.Sin iseggasen segmi d yuɣal ,yessawel-as-d lmektub-is, nɣan-t.

Ameslay nneɣ ikemmel, Mulud Ferɛun yettara ɣef akk isteqsiyen-iw.

Yella kra tetthegiḍ ?

-Ih, acku ayen yaɛnan iman (rruḥ) n Teqbaylit meqqer maca yewɛar at terreḍ akken iwata.

Ad yilli ukemmel i Mmis igellil ?

-Aya macci d awezɣi…maca deffir waya, ad suffɣeɣ war ccek adlis i d-yessumen Brouty ɣef tmeddurt n yal ass n yiqbayliyen. Tajmaɛt, tala, ssuq, tuɣalin n iɣriben si Fransa…atg.Ad kemleɣ adlis-a s tmucuha.

Melmi tettaruḍ ? -Deg ass lehhuɣ d twurri , ttaruɣ deg iḍ d ussan n ustaɛfu.ttaruɣ qrib yal ass 3 neɣ 4 tewriqin, ma ǧǧan-t-iyi tikta a tteǧǧaɣ i wass niḍen.

Mi tettaruḍ tetabaɛḍ aɣawas (leblan)? -Zeggireɣ s tira n tikta s umata.Mi ttaruɣ i ttqeɛideɣ taqsiṭ.S umata ẓriɣ anda tedduɣ maca mi ttaruɣ ttasen-t tikta d tegnatin ur nwiɣ.

Amek i tettwaliḍ udmawen n ungal-ik ?

-Ttareɣ s tidet iman-iw deg umḍiq-nsen. Tsuturaɣ-ten.Di tagara d nutni ara i d innin d acu ara aruɣ.

Nettkemil ameslay,mass Ferɛun yenna yid d akken ad yewwet tarzeft ar Paris deg ussan n ustaɛfu n tfaska ( Paques) ilmend n tuffɣa n udlis Akal d Iddamen .Le Seuil, war ccek as d ggen tameɣra (ad nfaṛes tagnit ad nesmekti d akken tizrigin-a uɣen izerfan n udlis Mmis igellil ).

Anwi idlisen i tḥemleḍ ?

-Aṭas i ɣriɣ.Zik ur tceriṭeɣ ara nnig wacu tceriṭeɣ ass-a.Testtbenaɣ idlisen ilsanen, wid yaɛreḍ ad yer amyaru alsan s lekmal-is acku alsan ur yelli yelha s lekmal neɣ diri s lekmal.Amyaru af akken ttwaliɣ ur yesɛi azref ad yemeslay ɣef imdanen s ustehzi.Yak tecrekḍ-iyi ṛṛay ?

Mulud Ferɛun d amusnaw s tidett u d amyaru mu zeddig wul. Ẓṛiɣ itri-s at yessiweḍ ɣer lebɛed, Akken yebɣu yili, tiɣṛi-s seg tid mu ilaq a nsel !

tawwuri: leqdic, axeddim.

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