At Betrun

At Betrun (s Tafrensist : Aït Betroun neɣ Aït Bethroun , s Taɛrabt : بني بترون ) d taqbilt tamaziɣt taqbaylit n zik i gesɛan ukuz (4) n leɛrac : At Yenni , At Wasif , At Budrar ( Ibudraren ) d Wat Bu Ɛekkac (anẓul n taɣiwant n At Wasif ) [ 1 ] .

At Betrun kecmen di taqbilt n Yigawawen , zgan - d deg unẓul agmuḍan n twilayt n Tizi Wezzu di Tamurt n Leqbayel , Lezzayer . Nutni d inaragen n At Mengellet deg ugmuḍ, n At Iraten deg ugafa, n At Sedqa deg utaram, ak n Yimceddalen deg unẓul.

Ɣef leḥsab n Charles Devaux, ssawalen i yiman-sen « wul n yigawawen », qesḥen deg unni n leqwanen nsen. [ 1 ] Taqbilt n At Betrun tettwasen s tamguri (ibeckiḍen, tikubiwin...) d tinḍi ines (timeɣwanin) . Ɣur At Budrar , At Wasif , ladɣa At Yenni , llan aṭas n yimziren i lhan, tiḍni nsen taneblalt. [ 2 ] At Betrun ttwasnen daɣen s tasekkakt di lweqt n Yiɛutmaniyen [ 1 ] . Tamugri nsen nettat i meqren uk seg Yizwawen.

Tasnettit

At Betrun meɛnas « arraw n Betrun », At Yenni meɛnas « arraw n Yenni ». Anezwar Amaziɣ « Aït » meɛnas « arraw n — », ittwaxdam i tayvawt, maca yezmer ad yili meɛnas « widak n — » neɣ « medden n — » [ 3 ] , am di At Wasif , meɛnas « medden/widak n tasift », At Boudrar , meɛnas « medden/widak n wedrar » [ 4 ] . Anmezruy ineslem, Ibn Xeldun , ibder At Betrun s tutlayt taɛrabt am akka : Béni-Itroun [ 5 ] .

Iẓuran

Ɣef leḥsab n unmezruy ineslem n lqern 14, Ibn Xeldun , At Betrun d yiwet n taqbilt ittwasnen seg Yigawawen gar aṭas n tiqbilin niḍen, [ 5 ] Izwawen llan zedɣen di Tamurt n Leqbayel (si Bgayet almi d Delles ) kecmen di taqbilt Tamaziɣt n Yikutamen [ 6 ] i gellan iserdasen n Yifaṭimiyen Iciɛiyen . Aywiẓri andalusi, Ibn Ḥazm, atah yid-s [ 6 ] . Maca Ibn Xeldun yenna-d belli iywiẓriyen Imaziɣen s yiman-sen qqaren-d belli Izwawen d Iznaten , arraw n Semgan, mmis n Yaḥya (Yedder) , mmis n Dari, mmis n Zeddjîk (neɣ Zahhîk) , mmis n Medracen [ 6 ] , ajaddiw n Yimaziɣen n wegraw n Botr, wegraw niḍen ism-is Baranis, anda ikecmen Iẓnagen d Yikutamen . Tisrsit n Ibn Xeldun d Ibn Hazm ttbanen-d d tidett, xas yenna-d belli Izwawen s yiman-sen qqaren-d belli ttemyilin ar Iznaten s yidammen [ 6 ] . Neẓra belli aẓar n At Betrun d Amaziɣ , maca ur neẓri ara ma nutni d Iznaten neɣ d Ikutamen .

Ɣef leḥsab tansayt tatlayt, At Yenni d Wat Wasif sɛan ajaddiw yiwen ism-is Ɛiṣam. Ɛiṣam yella yesɛa sin n warrac : Yenni, ajaddiw n At Yenni , ak d Wasif, ajaddiw n At Wasif [ 7 ] .

Amezruy

Uqbel Iɛutmaniyen

Abdar amezray aqdim uk n Wat Betrun yusa-d si lqern 14 sɣur Ibn Xeldun , deg adlis ines, Amezruy n Yimaziɣen . Ibn Xeldun yenna-d :

Assagi, leɛrac n Yizwawen izriren d At Yeǧǧer , At Mangellat , At Itroun , At Yenni , At Bu Ɣerdan , At Itturaɣ , At Bu Yusef , At Cɛayeb , At Ɛisi , At Sadqa, At Ɣebri ak d Igectulen [ 5 ] .

Maca ism inna d aqdim. Yism n Ibn Xeldun i Wat Betrun, Beni-Itroun yella di Spenyul , swaswa di Tigzirin n Balyar [ 8 ] . Lxilafa n Cordoba staɛmren tigzirin nni di lqern wis 10 s yigen yella degs Imaziɣen [ 9 ] , yerna Imaziɣen am Imrabḍen ak d Imweḥdiyen rnan staɛmrentt snat n tikkal (di 1106 d 1203) [ 8 ] .

Références