Taɣerma n Qerṭaj

Taɣerma n Qerṭaj tella d yiwet seg tɣermiwin timeqqranin n umaḍal aqbur, tessenda azal ameqqran deg umezruy n yilel Agrakal. Tebna-tt tmurt n Finiqya deg lqern wis 9 send talalit n Ɛisa, Qerṭaj tuɣal-d d tagelda tusligt tiseddast, tḥekkem ɣef yilel Agrakal azal n kraḍ n leqrun, uqbel ad tt-seɣli Ruma deg useggas 146 send talalit n Ɛisa.

Asnulfu d Iẓuran n Tɣerma

Amezruy n Qerṭaj yebda s yiwet n temhazt n tnezzut tusligt. Ifiniqi seg temdint n Ṣur yekan ɣer tamnaḍt n Tunis deg wayen yettqaraben deg useggas 814 send talalit n Ɛisa. Tumant-agi d ayla d tmacahutt n Didon, tameṭṭut-nni i d-yessulfen tamdint-agi. Seg wasmi i d-tebna, Qerṭaj tella d yiwen n uzaraf n tnezzut tameqqrant deg yilel Agrakal. Adig-is yesεa azal ameqqran imi yella deg tallunt tazayezt gar usammar n Tefriqt d Turuft.

Deg tazwara, Qerṭaj tella d tamnaḍt n tnezzut, maca deg tallit-is, tuɣal-d d tgelda timziregt tesεa tisura-nnes d tsertit-nnes.

Ɣef leḥsab n tmacahutin, d tagellidt Elisa (Dido) i d-yerwlen seg temdint n Ṣur (Tyre) deg Finiqya (Lebnan n tura), i d-ibnan Qerṭaj deg useggas n 814 S.T. (Send Talalit). Isem-is "Qart Hadasht" yebɣa ad d-yini "Tamḍint Tamaynut".

Tamnekda d Tzrirt Taddukklit

Deg tallit n lqern wis 6 d lqern wis 5 send talalit n Ɛisa, Qerṣaj tesmeɣer tazrirt-nnes ɣef yilel Agrakal meṛṛa. Tesεa aseqqamu ameqqran ɣef tnezzut tagrumit, tessedday isefka d yimrigen d lfetta d kra n tɣawsiwin nniḍen gar Tefriqt d Turuft d tegzirin n yilel Agrakal. Tamusni-nnes deg tnezzut d tikli deg yilel terr-itt d yiwet seg tgeldiwin timeqqranin n yilel-nni.

Qerṭaj tessekcem asedday-innes azayez ɣef waṭas n tegzirin am Siqliya, Sardunya d Qurṣika. Deg Spanya, tesbedd timdinin d isugan n tnezzut i yettseqdacen am idigan n ussaweḍ n tɣawsiwin seg yal tamnaḍt n yilel agrakal.

Imenɣiyen n Punik (Les guerres puniques)

Asmi i d-tebda Ruma tettimɣur, tebɣa ad teḥkem ɣef yilel. D anect-a i d-yewwin 3 n yimenɣiyen imeqqranen i yedu men azal n 100 n iseggasen ger Qerṭaj d Ruma.

Amenɣi-ya yekka-d azal n 23 n iseggasen. Sebba-ines tameqqrant d Siqilya .

Ḥennibaɛl: Yettwassen d yiwen seg yiserdasen imeqqranen deg umezruy. Icedda-d seg Spanya ɣer Ṭṭalyan ɣef lqaɛa, yessexdem ilewtan, yewwi-d rrbeḥ ameqqran deg Cannae (216 S.T.), maca ɣer taggara yeɣli deg Zama (deg Tuns) zdat n Sipyun.

Azal n 50 n iseggasen mbaɛd Zama, Qerṭaj tuɣal-d teǧhed deg tnezzut d tfellaḥt, maca ur tesɛi ara lɛesker.

D acu i d-yeḍran mbaɛd?

Mi teɣli Qerṭaj, Ruma tebda tkeccem s leqsaḥ ɣer Tmazɣa. Akal n Qerṭaj yuɣal d "Tafriqt Tarumanit" (Africa Proconsularis). D wagi i d allal i d-yeldin abrid i imenɣi ger Yigelliden n Nnumidya (am Yugerten) d Ruma deg iseggasen i d-iteddun.

Taɣerma d Taẓuri Tadelsant

Taɣerma n Qerṭaj mačči d imenɣi d yiserdasen kan. Tella d taɣerma yenernan aṭas deg uḥric n tẓuri (lfen), idles, d tnezzut. Taẓuri n Qerṭaj tella d axaluḍ ger leɛwayed n Yifiniqiyen, Imaziɣen, Imiṣriyen, d Yigrikiyen.

Atan wamek tella tmeddurt tadelsant d tẓuri deg Qerṭaj:

Tasegda

Qerṭaj tella tettwassen s lebni-ynes ifazen, ladɣa isugan d yixxamen.

Taẓuri n Ufexxaṛ d Zjaj

Iqerṭajiyen llan d imussnawen imeqqranen deg usnulfu n dduzan.