Bern

Bern (s talmant : Bern (asusru ) ), d tamanaɣt n Taswist seg 1848 [ 1 ] , ed d tamanaɣt daɣen n Ukantun n Bern [ 2 ] , tezga-d deg amalu n tlemmast n tamurt , deg ugemmaḍ n wasif n Aar [ 3 ] .

Bern d tamdint wis xemsa i imeqqren akk deg deg Taswist , akked ahat 133 900 n yimezdaɣ deg 2018 [ 4 ] .

Amezruy

Adukkiw n Zähringen Berthold V [ fr ] i d-yesnulfan tamdint n Bern deg 1191, twacult n Zähringen tengar deg 1218, tamdint n Bern ad tuɣal iḍefṛen ɣef Tamnekda Tuqdist Tarumanit Tajirmanit , deg 1353 ad tuɣal d awanak amunan ed tekcem ɣer Tgemmunt Taswist.

Deg 1405, Bern iεawed akk lebni s yimesden, deffir times i yessedrem tamdint-a i t-bnan s isɣaṛen [ 3 ] .

Deg 1848, Bern ad tuɣal d tamanaɣt n Tgemmunt Taswist [ 3 ] .

Tarakalt

Bern teεlay s 553 n lmitrat ɣef lebḥer [ 5 ] , tezga-d deg ugemmaḍ n wasif n Aar ( asif wis sin i ɣezzif akk deg Taswist ), azal deg uzgen n webrid gar Idurar n Alp ed Idurar n Jura [ 1 ] . Tajumma n taɣiwant n Bern 51,6 km 2 [ 6 ] , ttelt deg-s teččur d tiẓegwa, ed 20% deg-s teččur d iḥeṛqan [ 1 ] .

Inezwi

Tamdint n Bern tesɛa Anezwu agarwan [ 7 ] .

Idles

Tutlayin

Talmant ed tafrensist d tutlayin timaddudin ed tiɣelnawin n Ukantun n Bern [ 8 ] . Deg 2000, 81.2% n yimezdaɣ n Bern iheddṛen talmant , 3.9% deg-sen iheddren taṭalyanit ed 3.6% tafrensist [ 6 ] .

Tamerrit

Tamdint taqburt n Bern tekcem ɣar wumuɣ n Tigemmi tamaḍlant n UNESCO deg 1983, tamdint taqburt-agi tesɛa lebni n aṭas n talliwin, deg-s aquas n lqern wis 15, tilawin n lqern wis 16 [ 9 ] , Bern tesɛa daɣen axxam n tɣiwant n lqern wis 15, takatidralt n uɣanib taguṭit ed yisalayen [ 2 ] .

Yal aseggas, ugar n 500 000 yimerrayen i irezzun ɣer Bern [ 2 ] .

Tizmilin