Taɣzent tamaziɣt n 1949

Tazɣent tamaziɣt n 1949 (arma d 1954 ) daxel n Umussu i Unalak n Tlelliyiin Timagdayin (s tefransist: MTLD, Mouvement pour le triomphe des libertés démocratiques) d tazɣent tadamsant i d-yellan s ssebba n wemsefham gar yimeɣnasen d tmehla n ukabar ɣef ussefhem n ɣef wacu i d tamagit n Lezzayer d wemkan n tamaziɣt akked d imaziɣen deg Lezzayer timunent n uzekka [ 1 ] .

Imeɣnasen iqbayliyen bɣan ad tettwassen Lezzayer s lsas n tidet-nnes n tmeddurt aydeg tella s waṭas n yiɣerfan ( Iqbayliyen , Icawiyen , Imuhaɣ , Mẓab Aɛraben , d wid yetwaɛrben) , yerna ad testeɛref s wakk iferdisen n tmurt, gar-asen tamaziɣt. Deg tallit n tezɣent, tafidiṛalit n Umussu i Unalak n Tlelliyiin Timagdayin di tmurt n Fransa tessuffeɣ-d yiwen n ṛṛay i yeddan mgal tiktiwin n ukabar i d-yennan belli, “Lezzayer d taɛrabt-tinselmit” [ 2 ] .

Ṭṭrad Amaḍlan II

Send taggara n Ṭṭrad Amaḍlan II deg 1945, tamsalt n umkan d wazal n tamaziɣt deg Lezzayer yebḍa aɣelnaw azzayri ; d wagi i d ssebba nyimenɣi gar wid yebɣan Lezzayer timunent n uzekka ad tili d tamurt ara yeṭṭfen deg yedles aɛṛab d tneslemt mgal wid yebɣan ad teṭṭef deg tutlayt tamaziɣt d umezruy d yedles amaziɣ; lxilaf-a umi semman Tazɣent n Yimaziɣen n 1949. Yella d aɛewwiq amezwaru deg akabar n Umussu i Unalak n Tlelliyiin Timagdayin.

Ɣer wemḍebber n ukabar-a, Messali El Ḥaǧ, akked yiɛeggalen n ukabar aɛṛaben, taɛṛabt d tneslemt llan d iferdisen igejdanen n tmagit n Lezzayer; s lsas n waya, Lezzayer d aɣref aɛṛab i yesɛan Lislam d ddin-is. [ 3 ] .

Deg useggas n 1947, deg temlilit tamezwarut n Ukabar Aɣerfan Azzayri/Umussu i Unalak n Tlelliyiin Timagdayin (PPA/MTLD s tefransist) , ukkuẓ n leqvayel i yettwafernen d iɛeggalen n tesqamut talemmast n ukabar ( Ḥusin At Ḥmed d yiwen deg-sen) . Iqbayliyen nnuɣen s lǧehd akken ad tettwassen tmaziɣt s wudem unṣib yerna ad tekcem s wudem unṣib deg yiɣawasen d tmuɣli n Lezzayer timunent n uzekka, maca ur ssawḍen ara imi deg useggas n 1948, deg yiwet n tebrat i Yiɣlanen Yeddukklen, yura-d Umussu i Unalak n Tlelliyiin Timagdayin, “Aɣref azzayri, aɛṛab d inselmen yella seg lqern wis VII” [ 4 ] . Aya i d-yesnulfan aḥulfu n lexdeɛ d urrif n yiɛeggalen iqbayliyen n ukabar.

Deg 1949, yekker-d yiwen n ccwal, s tmuɣli n tmehla taɛṛabt daxel n ukabar mgal yiɛeggalen iqbayliyen n PPA-MLTD i yebɣan ad ttwaqbalent tmagit d tutlayt tamziɣt am yiwen n waḥric seg tɣelnawt tadzayrit [ 5 ] .

Deg yiwet n tɣimit n Useqqamu n unemhal n Tfidiṛalit n Fṛansa n PPA/MTLD, amur ameqran seg-s iɛeggalen i yellan d leqvayel ssutren-d s yiwen n wadɣar mgal asenfar n Lezzayer taɛṛabt. Aya yessawḍ-d ɣer yimenɣi n tfekka gar yiɛeggalen n ukabar d tuḍḍfa ɣer lḥebs n waṭas n yimeɣnasen iqbayliyen, dɣa d aya ay yessawḍen aṭas seg-sen ad gzun d akken imdukal-nsen aɛṛaben n ukabar-nni beyyɛen-ten i yiduba ifṛensisen. [ 6 ]

Iɛeggalen iqbayliyen ttwatehmen belli llan ttḥulfun kan s temnaḍt-nsen, llan mgal taɣelnawt n Lezzayer; dɣa ttwakksen seg yimukan n tmehla n ukabar-nni sakkin ttwakksen-d seg ukabar s lekmal-nnes.

Deg tallit-nni, amussu n yimaziɣen yebḍa ɣef sin; imezwura llan wid i d-yesbedden amennuɣ ɣef uzarug d amezwaru, ma d amkan n tmagit tamaziɣt d wis sin ara d-nemmeslayen fell-as deffir ma tella-d Lezzayer timunent, wis sin llan wid i yebɣan ad ḍemnen ad ttwassen s wudem unṣib tamagit n tmaziɣt yerna ad msefhamen fell-as akk uqbel ad tebdu tegrawla (gar-asen yella Ḥusin At Ḥmed) [ 4 ] .

Wid yesɛan tasertit-a taneggarut (wid i yebɣan ad ḍemnen ad ttwassen s wudem unṣib tamagit n tmaziɣt ) kksen-ten waɛraben seg uqerru n ukabar. Ḥusin At Ḥmed, i yellan uqerru n n Tuddsa Tusligt (s tefransist: OS, Organisation spéciale) [ 7 ] , yettwakkes seg umkan-s imi yettunefk i Ben Bella yellan d aɛrab. [ 8 ]

Tagrawla

Tilufa ttḥettment, deffir tmettant n Moḥamed Belwezdad (aneggaru-a,d aɛrab daɣen, yeḍḍef amkan n Ben Bella d aqerru n Tuddsa Tusligt) s tɣawla s ssebba n waṭṭan n turet, tmehla n tuddsa teɛḍel s tɣawla i Ḥusin At Ḥmed imi ulac imḍebber aɛrab nniḍen ara t-id-yesbedden deg umkan-is.

Deg tallit n tegrawla, aṭas n yimeɣnasen n umussu n yimaziɣen iqbayliyen ttwanɣan s ufus n yiɣallen n n Tirni n Weslelli Aɣelnaw (FLN, Front de libération national s tefransist) ; gar-asen, wid yettwassnen aṭas, d Ɛli Rabya i yettwanɣan deg 1952 [ 6 ] d Waɛli Bennay deg Fuṛaṛ 19, 957. Aneggaru-a i yuzen awal i Remḍan Ɛebban (Ɣef leḥsab n Ɛebdenur Ɛli Yaḥia [ 9 ] ) , yenna-yas: « Ini-as i Ɛebban belli s tɣuzi n uẓekka-w s timmad-ik, ula d kečč tɣuẓeḍ aẓekka-k.»

Tamsalt n taɛṛabt d tneslemt d tmeḥqranit-nsen ɣef tmagit d yedles n yimaziɣem deg Lezzayer tesɛa azal ameqqran deg yimenɣi n tegrawala n Lezzayer; aya iban-d deg yimenɣi n udabu gar waɛraben d leqvayel (ẓer imagraden ɣef tmettant n Remḍan Ɛebban , Ɛmiṛuc At Ḥemmuda , d Krim Belqasem ) .

Lezzayer timunent

Deffir n timunent n Lezzayer, taɛrabt d tneslemt ttkemmilen d tisertiyin n tmuɣliwin n uwanak azzayri. Aya, ɣer yidis n lexṣaṣ n tugdut, d ssebba n waṭas n tnekriwin timeqqranin deg tmurt leqvayel ideg ttwanɣan aṭas n leqvayel s ufus n n yiɣallen n Lezzayer. Kra deg-sen d aẓdam n 1963 n udabu azzayri mgal FFS n Ḥusin At Ḥmed deg tmerurt n leqvayel s wugar n 400 n tmettanin [ 10 ] , tefsut n yimaziɣen , d tafsut taberkant.

Iɣbula