Newsgroup: it.cultura.linguistica.inglese
Titolo: (pronuncia) beloved, blessed, learned

Ho cominciato il corso CELTA (Course of English Language Teaching to
Adults o qualcosa del genere, insomma, un TEFL), e sono immersa nella
grammatica. Con mio grande sorpresa, scopro che i suddetti aggettivi non
si pronunciano con la classica terminazione /d/ o /t/, bensi' /id/.
Quindi /bi'lovid/, /blesid/, /le:nid/.
Sono sinceramente stupita, non avevo mai avuto il benche' minimo dubbio
(bilovd, blesd, lernt). La grammatica parla di aggettivi, ma questi sono
effettivamente participi aggettivati. Vale quindi la pronuncia anche per
il participio? Per esempio, to learn ammette due passati, learned e
learnt. Se uso learned, dovro' dire /lernid/?
Anninna allibita

learned e learnt. Se uso learned, dovro' dire /lernid/?
No Anninna. Si dice "lernd." La pronunica dell'aggettivato e' diverso della
pronuncia del participio passato.
Ciao,
Ron
USA


You would nowadays use  /lernid/ only in a legal situation, where
court advocates (barristers) conventionally refer to each other as "My
/lernid/ friend" (and Members of Parliament who are barristers are
also referred to in that way). Otherwise, "learned" is used in
contexts such as "Have you learned that vocabulary list I set?", where
it would be pronounced /lernd/. Although I was not too accurate in an
earlier post, (where I claimed that further and farther are
interchangeable), I do think /lernd/ and /lernt/ are equivalent,
though the latter would perhaps be more commonly used by older
speakers.
"Beloved"  is almost always /bi'lovid/: the word has surely
disappeared from "ordinary" use, and tends to conjure up the 18th or
19th centuries. "Dearly beloved, we are gathered together here..."
(from the Book of Common Prayer marriage ceremony) or Beethoven's An
Die Ferne Geliebte (To the Distant Beloved) and so on. I don't think
anyone would use "beloved" today in an unselfconsious way. So I don't
think it has ever developed a modernised pronunciation in the way that
"learned" has.
Blessid/bless'd is more difficult: 
The Bishop bless'd the congregation
Ye are the blessid of the Lord (17th century)
Well, I'll be bless'd! (=Goodness me! - and just as old-fashioned)
You're a blessid nuisance! (something your great-grandmother might
say)
In general, I think that in all three cases, the -id ending is
archaic. Contemporary use prefers bless'd and learn'd (and I don't
think belov'd has a contemporary existence, but I could be wrong).
SW


Learnid se intendi dire dotto
learnd se intendi  imparato o appreso
Mani (who is not as learned as some on this NG but having a free evening
finally managed to catch up on most messages and dares to give a little
contribution at last :) )


The strange form is used mostly for titles, or where
the adjective comes before a name.
The past particle is usually pronounced without the stressed
"'ed"
Blessed. "The children were /blest/ o /blesd/ by the priest."
But "the /bless'ed/ Mother Teresa" - when she is beatified, but
not yet canonised. 
"Where's the bless'ed X!" (An acceptable form of "bloody";
paradoxically means the same as "damn"/"damned")
Learned: Most often used as a title for lawyers.
"My /learn'ed/ colleague". Otherwise /learnt/ or /learnd/
Beloved: /biluvid/ often used interchangeably with /biluvd/
"Our /biluvid/ teacher" - used ironically. 
"A comedian /beluvd/ by all"
The pronunciation is because of historical reasons.
Many such participles were pronounced with the "'ed"
in Shakespeare's time. The pronunciation persists
occasionally - especially in formal contexts of titles,
such as above. They are rarely used as such for normal
past participles unless the tone is ironic.
Raymot
========
Brisbane, Australia
[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[

learnt. Se uso learned, dovro' dire /lernid/?
No.
Heidi