Newsgroup: it.arti.musica.classica
Titolo: Toscanini e altre cosine

No, il fatto dello schiaffo va interpretato.Prima di tutto non fu Longanesi
a schiaffeggiare, ma un gruppo di cui Longanesi faceva parte. In secundis
Toscanini era stato firmatario di documenti fascisti ufficiali negli anni
venti.
Toscanini andò in America con altri intenti, per perseguire un disegno di
tipo commerciale.
Assieme a suoi amici discografici si accorsero che il mercato discografico
operistico era trainato dai nomi dei grandi cantanti, Caruso, Schipa, ecc..
Ora il repertorio sinfonico, immenso e proficuo dal punto di vista
commerciale, non aveva un traino di uguale forza, e così si concentrarono
nella creazione del personaggio-direttore, cioè nella operazione di
Marketing di creazione di un alone di personalità artistica e d'immagine
sul nome del direttore.
Guardate i film di Mario Lanza: quando arriva il cantante saluta il
Direttore del Teatro, gli Agenti, i colleghi e da ultimo , con un saluto da
lontano , il direttore. Il compito dl direttore era di seguire il cantante,
quasi una figura marginale. Toscanini creò una figura nuova:il Direttore -
padrone.

padrone.
Questo lo sappiamo benissimo. E' la cosa piu' importante che ha fatto
nella sua vita.
Ti allego una breve biografia che ho trovato in rete e puo'
interessare anche gli altri.
Saluti
Giampaolo
                                          Arturo
                                          Toscanini
                                          conductor 
            To some, Toscanini was the greatest conductor of opera and
            symphonic music who ever lived. He was born in Parma, 	
Italy, in
            1867. He began his musical training at the age of nine at
the
            Parma Conservatory, where he learned the cello and studied
            composition. He graduated from the Conservatory in 1885,
            receiving top prizes for his cello playing. The next year,
he was
            engaged by the Italian opera in Rio de Janeiro as a
cellist; on
            June 30, he filled in unexpectedly for the ailing
conductor of the
            evening's performance (Aida); this spontaneous podium
debut
            was met with thunderous ovations, and Toscanini was hired
to
            lead the orchestra for the remainder of that season. He
made his
            Italian debut later in 1886, and soon established himself
as a
            conductor of uncommon gifts.
            From 1887 to 1896, Toscanini conducted operas in the major
            Italian houses, from Rome to Milan to Turin; he made his
debut as
            a symphonic conductor in 1896 in Turin. In 1898, he was
            appointed Chief Conductor of La Scala. After a short stint
in
            Buenos Aires, he came to the United States in 1908 to take
the
            principal conductorship of the Metropolitan Opera, where
he led
            many world- and American premieres of important operatic
            works. He led his first New York concert of symphonic
material
            in 1913, conducting a performance of Beethoven's Ninth
            Symphony. He returned to Italy in 1915, conducting
performances
            at La Scala until 1929; during this period, he
guest-conducted the
            New York Philharmonic, which he later led as music
director. 
            In 1937, the NBC Symphony Orchestra was founded
specifically
            for Toscanini; the ensemble was to perform under his
direction
            for seventeen years, broadcasting countless concerts from
New
            York to radio listeners across America. In 1954, at the
age of 87,
            Toscanini resigned from the orchestra, citing old age. He
died in
            New York three years later, at the age of 90.
            Toscanini was the ultimate old-school conductor,
dominating the
            orchestra with sheer personal power and musical will.
While
            undemonstrative in conducting style, he could elicit
phenomenal
            responses from his players with the slightest of gestures,
often
            conducting with his eyes and using his arms for only the
most
            dynamic sections of a score. Possessed of a violent
temper, he
            demanded literal perfection from his forces, and was able
to
            communicate the subtleties of phrasing and musical line
more
            vividly than any conductor in modern times.
            In 1992, RCA Victor Gold Seal released a monumental
collection
            of Toscanini's complete RCA recordings. The Toscanini
            Collection, 82 CDs in all, is a history-making achievement
in the
            annals of the classical recording industry, and is a
fitting tribute
            to a musician of olympian gifts..
 

 padrone.