Newsgroup: it.politica.internazionale
Titolo: Ognuno e' un potenziale torturatore...

E date le condizioni adatte, si puo' risvegliare - conclude uno studio 
di New Scientist.
Am.
New Scientist | AFP
Friday November 26, 03:30 PM
Everyone is a potential torturer
By Gaia Vince
All humans are capable of committing torture and other łacts of great 
evil˛. That is the unhappy conclusion drawn from an analysis of 
psychological studies.
 Over 25,000 psychological studies involving eight million participants 
support this finding, say Susan Fiske and colleagues at Princeton 
University in New York, US.
 The researchers considered the circumstances surrounding how 
individuals committed seemingly inexplicable acts of abuse in the midst 
of the US militaryąs torture of Iraqi inmates at the Abu Ghraib prison 
in 2003 and 2004.
 łCould any average 18-year-old have tortured these prisoners? I would 
have to answer: ŚYes, just about anyone could have.ą˛, Fiske says.
 Many forms of behaviour, including acts of cruelty, are influenced as 
much by authority figures, peer pressure and other social interactions 
as by the psychology of the individual, she says.
 łIf we donąt understand the importance of social context and accept 
that almost anybody could commit acts of torture under certain 
circumstances, then we are setting ourselves up for situations where Abu 
Ghraib [atrocities] will occur again,˛ Fiske warns.
 Peer pressure
 The researchers identified situations where individuals feel provoked, 
stressed or taunted - such as during war - as conducive to causing 
aggressive acts. And they say that the need to conform to their peer 
group and obey those in authority - or act in a way that they believe 
their superiors would approve of - could lead individuals to behave in a 
way that they would usually consider unacceptable.
 łCertainly, acts of torture can be committed by almost everyone - not 
just psychopaths,˛ says Ian Robbins, a clinical psychologist who has 
treated victims of torture and torturers themselves at the traumatic 
stress service in St Georgeąs Hospital, London, UK.
 łA process of Śgroomingą occurs, whereby the perpetrator is introduced 
to small acts of abuse - perhaps an occasional slap - and then over time 
these acts of abuse are built up to levels of extreme torture,˛ he says. 
łAll this is carried out in a social context of acceptability, where the 
perpetrator is made to feel special for carrying out the abuse, and it 
is singled out as a special secret activity.˛
 Fiske points out that the alienation and exclusion of certain groups 
renders them łcontemptible, subhuman and disgusting˛ in the eyes of the 
torturer, making abuse of such dehumanised victims far easier to carry 
out.
 And she points out that strongly cohesive social populations such as 
the military can either encourage prejudice - as in the case of the 
treatment of Iraqi prisoners - or actively discourage it. For example, 
the US military offers the countryąs best example of racially integrated 
cooperation between black and white Americans, she observes.
 Climate of disrespect
 łOur national leadership could act to see everyone as equal and 
connected, or as foreigners who can be ignored and excluded. If Iraqis 
fought alongside the US military, it would be harder for soldiers to 
dehumanise Iraqi prisoners,˛ she says.
 Robbins believes the general US prejudice against other nations is 
deeply ingrained. łCalling Iraqi nationals Śinsurgentsą, Śragheadsą or 
Śbaddiesą automatically dehumanises them and leads to a climate of 
disrespect,˛ he says.
 But, as the researchers note, there are always those few individuals 
who dissent from the group - łwhistle-blowers˛ who alert authorities to 
abuse and prevent it continuing.
 łPeople who opt out often have a strong sense of moral values or 
religious conviction that allows them to override their natural 
inclination to follow their superiors or fit in with their peer group,˛ 
Robbins says. But they are few, and because under certain circumstances 
almost anyone can commit torture, situations that could foster an 
atmosphere of abuse must be controlled, he believes.
 łAny processes involving locking people up and interrogation need to be 
open to public scrutiny and not carried out by the military in secret,˛ 
he told New Scientist .
 łI find it extremely frightening that the American military in the 
Pentagon have been discussing which kinds of torture are acceptable and 
which are not,˛ he adds.
 Journal reference: Science (vol 306)

as by the psychology of the individual, she says.
E quindi com ca**o fa ad affermare che "any average 18-yar-old" avrebbe
potuto torturare quei prigionieri?
Come psicologa deve essere una emerita imbecille.  O e' imbecille il
giornalista che riporta le sue parole.
-Stefano

 Una risposta del ca**o sopportata dal nulla.
"Sopportata"?! Ah ah ah ah ah ah! Ma perché la "sopporti"? O Zeus,
consèrvaci 'sto tizio: in tempi tanto tristi, i clown sono indispensabili...
Namib

 Everyone is a potential torturer
Potevano leggersi  questo e risparmiarsi la fatica dello studio:
http://www.einaudi.it/einaudi/ita/catalogo/scheda.jsp?isbn=978880614988&ed=87
Palmiro Pangloss
-- 
Posted via Mailgate.ORG Server - 
http://www.Mailgate.ORG

in tempi tanto tristi, i clown sono indispensabili...
...disse Namib il clown.... :)
-Stefano

 il clown
E il cerone? Lo "sopporti" o lo "supporti"? :)))
Un divertito Namib

 E il cerone?
Quello che usi tu? :)
-Stefano

 E quindi com ca**o
#_Crisi da superlavoro...e debilitazione.
Sei vicina all'eusarimento, passerottino mio...pazienza ancora per 3/4 
settimane...poi dopo l'esibizione d'apertura del KAMASUDA, mettemo al lavoro 
le altre...atte`te faccio prenne 'na vacanza da sfiancatte!...Vedrai che 
dopo 'r c**********zzo lo canterai aaaaaaaaaa piena gola!
Cip..cip..cip...
Piu'..Piu'...Piu'...
Giannozzo 

 Quello che usi tu?
Sě, quello che usiamo tutt'e due. Lo "sopporti" o lo "supporti"? :)))
Un divertito Namib 2

 Sě,
Bravo.  Ma a me che me ne dovrebbe fregare del fatto che fai il buffone
e che usi il cerone? :)
*LOL*
-Stefano

 cerone
Ma insomma, il tuo cerone lo "sopporti" o lo "supporti"? :)))))))
Un Namib divertito 3

Ma insomma,
Te lo ripeto: del tuo cerone nun me po' frega' de meno!!!! :)
-Stefano

 cerone
Perché, hai avuto una grossa grazia? Ma la "supporti" o la "sopporti", la
bontà divina? :))))
Un Namib sempre più divertito

Perché,
Te l'ho detto! UN CE NE FREGA 'NA MAZZA DEL TUO CERONE E DEL FATTO CHE
SEI UN BUFFONE!
:)
-Stefano

 'NA MAZZA
Ma non era un grosso cero? E lo "sopporti" o lo "supporti"? :))))) P.S. A
proposito (absit iniuria nexu), it.fan.culo anche a te.
Namib, sempre più divertito

 wrote in message 
news:41B1D519...@people.it...

#_Dillo su Lollona!...anche tu, quannnn'e`ora, aprete e scrollate da quei
"sovrappesi" che sopporti....
Eddaje...!!!!!!
Dijelo che la colpa èmmmmia !...C'ho , sempre, "incoraggiato" sia te che
Berlusca a quella sorta sorta di intonaco impermeabbbbile.
Esci da quel guscio de cerone, piano-piano senno' spaventi la Daisy e non me
da' piu`latte...anzi aspetta ancora, dopo Natale e l'apertura del KAMASUDA.
Giannozzo

 ha scritto nel messaggio 
news:41B1D519...@people.it...

Senti, pagliaccio, ti ricordo che
1) non si urla
2) parla per te che a malapena puoi rappresentare metà di un cazzo
3) i f/up non segnalati ficcateli a IFC 

Senti, pagliaccio,
...disse il bue all'asino... :)
-Stefano

 ...disse
Mi rivolgevo proprio a te, pagliaccio.
Piantala coi f/up non segnalati. 

 []
Ma smettila di rimbalzare cosi': sii dignitoso.
Di che e' stato un typo e falla finita.
--
Nadja Jacur
--------------------------------
Inviato via 
http://arianna.libero.it/usenet/

 Mi rivolgevo proprio a te, pagliaccio.
...ridisse il pagliaccio... :)
*LOL*
-Stefano

 Ma smettila di rimbalzare cosi': sii dignitoso.
...disse il bue all'asino... :)
*LOL*
-Stefano

"Stefano De Cesari" 

               <BOING>
ROTFL, ogni volta 'ste :-)))))
-- 
Nadja Jacur
