Newsgroup: it.politica.internazionale
Titolo: cercate il punto di inizio?

http://www.jpost.com/Features/InThespotlight/Article.aspx?id=199634
A Farhud legacy of hate
By EDWIN BLACK SPECIAL TO THE JERUSALEM POST
16/12/2010
Jews were massacred by Arabs in 1929 for sitting while praying at the
Western Wall. Those events, argues the author of a new book, remain
pivotal.
As Israelis and Palestinians struggle with a 21st-century peace
process, the world must face the forgotten history that was so pivotal
in determining the present crisis. In many ways, a turning point was
the day Arabs massacred Jews because they dared to sit at the Western
Wall while praying. This simple act of prayer was so unacceptable to
Arabs that it helped launch a worldwide crisis of hate that provoked a
global Islamic jihad, forged an Arab-Nazi alliance during the
Holocaust and still echoes to this day.
The year was 1929. Jewish Palestine was still being settled by
torrents of Eastern European refugees.
The League of Nations Mandate for Palestine included the provision for
a Jewish homeland. The Balfour Declaration, widely endorsed by many
nations, was a matter of international law. But the Arabs in Palestine
refused to coexist with Jews in any way except as second-class dhimmis
(non- Muslim subjects of a Shari’a law state).
Islam had been at war with the Jewish people since its defining
inception in 627 when Muhammad exterminated the Jews of Medina and
launched the Islamic conquest that swept north and subsumed Syria-
Palestina.
For centuries, Jews and Christians in Arab lands were allowed to exist
as dhimmis, second-class citizens with limited religious rights. These
restrictions were enforced by the Turks who, until World War I, ruled
the geographically undetermined region known as Palestine, which
included Jerusalem.
When the Ottoman Empire fell, after World War I ended in 1918, the
British were obligated by the Mandate to maintain the Turkish status
quo at the Western Wall. That status quo, according to numerous
decrees under Shari’a, maintained that Jews could pray at the Wall –
the last remnant of the Temple – only quietly and never sit, even in
the heat. Nor were Jews allowed to separate men from women during
prayer.
The Jews revered the Wall as their holiest accessible place and a
direct connection to God. But under Turkish and Arab tradition, the
Wall was not the Jews’ holy site.
Rather, it was revered by Muslims as al-Buraq, the place where
Muhammad tethered his winged steed during his miraculous ascent to
heaven. During that miraculous journey, according to Islamic
tradition, Muhammad flew through the air on his magnificent horse to
the farthest mosque. The farthest mosque was in Jerusalem, hence al-
Aksa, meaning “the farthest.” Therefore, the Western Wall became
preeminently a Muslim holy place, only available for Jewish visitation
with permission and under strict guidelines that would not connote
independent worship or ownership.
IN 1928, on Yom Kippur, Jews decided to bring benches and chairs to
sit on while they prayed, and they also brought a mehitza, in this
case a flimsy portable partition to separate men from women. This
provoked outrage among Arabs, and the British even tried to pull
chairs out from under people to force them to stand. The offense
catapulted Haj Muhammad Amin al-Husseini, the grand mufti of
Jerusalem, to sudden international Islamic importance, as Muslims
everywhere – from India to London – objected to Jews sitting. Husseini
even convened an emergency international conference of Muslims in
Jerusalem to stop Jews from sitting at the Wall to pray.
The mufti and his machinery also began a nonstop protest movement
against the perceived Jewish encroachment on the Wall. As the chief
religious authority, it was Husseini who directed that the muezzin,
the man who calls Muslims to prayer from the minaret, position himself
within earshot of the Western Wall pavement, and then dial the volume
up to rile Jews during prayer and prove Islamic dominance.
At the same time, it was Husseini who directed the revival of the
cacophonous dhikr ceremony, complete with repetitive shouts of “Allahu
akbar,” as well as loud gongs and cymbals, once again disrupting
Jewish prayers with strategic noise. The mufti also was the one who
permitted mules to be herded through the Jewish prayer area, dropping
dung and creating the feel and smell of what one Jerusalem newspaper
termed “a latrine.”
On August 15, 1929, when Jews again marked Tisha Be’av by sitting, as
well as chanting “The Wall is ours,” the Arabs began yet another in a
series of bloody massacres.
The massacres in several cities culminated in unspeakable atrocities
at Hebron.
It began in Jerusalem. “Itbach al-Yahood! Itbach al- Yahood!”
Slaughter the Jews. Slaughter the Jews. With knives and clubs, the mob
attacked every Jew in sight, burned Torah scrolls and yanked
supplication notes to God from the cracks in the Wall and set them
aflame.
Attacks spread throughout the land. Jews were stabbed, shot, beaten
with rocks, maimed and killed in various towns and suburbs. The chaos
continued for days. With thousands of dagger- and club-wielding Arabs
swarming throughout the city hunting Jews, wire services transmitted
headlines such as “Thousands of peasants invaded Jerusalem and raided
all parts of the city.”
Martial law was declared. Armored cars were brought in from Baghdad.
British airplanes swept in to machine-gun the Arab marauders. Violence
continued to spread throughout Palestine. Jews fought back and
retaliated with bricks and bars and whatever they could find. Then, on
August 23 and 24, 1929, Hebron became a bloody nightmare.
Arab mobs went from house to house, bursting into every room looking
for hiding Jews. Religious books and scrolls were burned or torn to
shreds.
The defenseless Jews were variously beheaded, castrated, their breasts
and fingers sliced off and, in some cases, their eyes plucked from
their sockets.
Infant or adult, man or woman – it mattered not.
The carnage went on for hours, with the Arab policemen standing down –
or joining in. Blood ran in streamlets down the narrow stone
staircases outside the buildings. House to house, room by room, the
savagery was repeated.
One young boy, Yosef Lazarovski, later wrote of the horror: “I
remember a brown-skinned Arab with a large mustache breaking through
the door. He had a large knife and an axe that he swung through the
doorjambs until he broke through. [He was] full of fury, screaming,
‘Allah akbar!’ and ‘Itbach al-Yahood!’...
My grandfather tried to hold my hand, then [he tried] to push me aside
[and hide me], screaming, Shema Yisrael... and then I remember another
Arab... with an axe that he brought down on my grandfather’s neck.”
Not a single victim was simply killed. Each was mutilated and tortured
in accordance with their identities, the specific information provided
by local Arabs. The Jewish man who lent money to Arabs was sliced open
and the IOUs burned in his body. The Jewish baker’s head was tied to
the stove and then baked. A Jewish scholar who had studied Koranic
philosophy for years was seized, his cranium cut open and his brain
extracted. Another man was nailed to a door. Some 67 Jews were
brutally murdered.
London dispatched special investigative commissions which determined
that under the Shari’a status quo, Jews were not permitted to sit.
Jews were even blamed for provoking the massacres by deliberately
sitting.
The mufti used the Wall controversy to continue his campaign against
the British and the Jews. As part of that war, he led a broadly
accepted, international and popularly accepted Arab and Islamic
alliance with Nazi Germany. Eventually, when the British tried to
arrest him, he fled to Iraq. There, the mufti and Nazi agents helped
inspire the 1941 Farhud, a two-day spree of killing, looting and
raping the Jews of Baghdad.
ONCE THE British finally helped restore order, the mufti fled again,
this time to Germany, where he was taken under the personal auspices
of Adolf Hitler and Heinrich Himmler. He formed a 8,000-man plus
Muslim Waffen-SS division, which partnered with the bloodthirsty
Ustasha in Croatia to commit the most heinous crimes in the hell that
was the Holocaust. The Ustasha wore Jewish eyeballs on necklaces.
The alliance with the Nazis spanned every aspect of the war, from
intelligence offices in Paris to plans, to parachute units, to
artillery battalions, to a plan to exterminate all Jews in Palestine.
This alliance was more than one man, the mufti of Jerusalem – it was a
movement of popular international Islamic fervor that stretched across
the Middle East and Europe.
After the fall of Hitler, the legacy of hate continued in the postwar
expulsions of a million Jews from Arab lands.
Periodically, the fervor that ignited the massacres of 1929 surfaces
even today. Intifadas arise, riots erupt and the Arab rallying call,
spoken and collectively remembered, continues to be in Jerusalem –
where Jews should not be permitted to sit at the Western Wall when
they pray.
The writer is the author of IBM and the Holocaust. This article is
drawn from his recently released book, The Farhud, Roots of the Arab-
Nazi Alliance during the Holocaust (Dialog 2010).

 pivotal.
none. Il punto d'inizio è quando i coloni ebrei di inizio '900
comprano terre e non ci fanno più lavorare gli arabi, come accadeva da
secoli.

 none. Il punto d'inizio è quando i coloni
rifiutando di venire "protected" (LOL) ...