Newsgroup: it.politica.internazionale
Titolo: Pulizia etnica in Sudan

http://www.sudan.net/news/posted/8400.html
Ethnic cleansing in Sudan
News Article by Boston Globe posted on April 29, 2004 at 11:46:01: EST (-5
GMT)
IT IS HAPPENING again. A government of murderous ideologues is committing
genocide, crimes against humanity, and ethnic cleansing while the
international community either pretends not to notice or laments its own
inability to stop the slaughters.
Sudan's National Islamic Front regime has waged a war of atrocities against
the Christian and animist peoples of southern Sudan since 1983. Two million
people have perished. Thousands of black Africans have been captured in
militia raids and sold in slavery to Arab masters in the north.
Now the regime in Khartoum is perpetrating massacres and ethnic cleansing in
two new areas of the country. United Nations reports tell of more than 1
million people being driven from their homes in Darfur, the western region
of Sudan. In Darfur, the victims of the regime, which is led by Lieutenant
General Omer Bashir, are themselves Muslim, like the government-backed
militias known as the janjaweed who are burning their villages, raping
women, and murdering men. In a recent alert from Human Rights Watch, the
executive director, Kenneth Roth, says: "These militias work in unison with
government troops, with total impunity for their massive crimes."
The UN emergency relief coordinator for Sudan, Jan Egeland, said Friday:
"The number one humanitarian drama in the world right now is not in Iraq and
not in the Palestinian territories. It is in Darfur."
Human Rights Watch reported last week on separate massacres of villagers in
western Sudan. In one raid, 136 men of the Fur ethnic group were "taken in
army lorries to nearby valleys where they were made to kneel before being
killed with a bullet in the back of the neck." In another area of Darfur, 72
men were executed in the same way. And in a third mass killing reported by
Human Rights Watch, 65 men were murdered.
Often Sudan's Air Force bombs the villages to be ethnically cleansed by its
militia partners. And all the while, the regime in Khartoum has been
maneuvering to keep international monitors from entering Darfur to witness
the horrors there.
Since early March the regime has opened yet another campaign of
extermination, this one in the Mid-West Upper Nile region of southern Sudan
known as the Shilluk Kingdom. More than 70,000 villagers have been
displaced, their family members killed and their villages burned by militia
groups acting for the Islamist rulers in Khartoum.
Those rulers have been putting off signing a peace accord in Kenya to end
the war in southern Sudan. Incredibly, President Bush recently certified
Khartoum's "good faith" in those peace talks. Instead, Bush should be
rallying the rest of the world to sanction and isolate Khartoum if it does
not cease its genocidal acts and permit international monitors to intercede
in Sudan's killing fields.
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Occorre fare qualcosa? Ma cosa? Le "sanzioni", come l'Iraq ha dimostrato,
tendono a colpire le popolazioni (poiché le poche risorse verrebbero
rastrellate dagli uomini armati, affamando tutti gli altri), e non i
responsabili delle violenze. Esiste una forza di pace inter-africana, che
potrebbe essere l'elemento risolutivo. Ma occorrerebbe aiutarla, soltanto
sul piano tecnico e/o finanziario, perň (č mecessario evitare torbidi
Iraq-style intorno al petrolio).
Namib

 Iraq-style intorno al petrolio).
Le forze di pace interafricane finqui hanno mostrato enormi limiti 
quandosono state impiegate, limiti che discendono essenzialmente dalle 
condizioni disastrose degli stati dei quali le forze armate africane 
sono espressione (a volte e' l'inverso, e' vero, ma il discorso non 
cambia). Tanto che e' successo che contingenti europei siano dovuti 
intervenire per sopperire a queste mancanze ed anche a volte per 
*salvare* i peacekeepers africani.
C'e' nell'Africa sub-sahariana IMHO un solo paese potenzialmente capace, 
tramite le sue FFAA ma non solo, di intervenire efficacemente in simili 
situazioni ed e' il Sud Africa. Il Sudafrica ha oltretutto recentemente 
sviluppato relazioni anche militari con altri paesi emergenti del sud 
del mondo: il Brasile e l'India. Relazioni che in questi casi potrebbero 
tornare molto utili per integrare leforze sudafricane.
Sul piano tecnico-finanziario l'Europa potenzialmente puo' fare qualcosa 
ma IMHO questo qualcosa potra' avere  effetti sulle capacita' di 
intervento africane solo se migliorera' la situazione generale degli 
stati africani. Quello che non vedo e' la volonta' di fare qualcosa in 
questo senso. Finora gli interventi europei sono stati a supporto di 
regimi cleptocratici, per salvare *bianchi* in caso di problemi 
particolarmente gravio per addestrareforze africane appartenenti a 
regimi cleptocratici.
Torbidi intorno al petrolio in Sudan gia' ci sono e coinvolgono 
pesantemente la Total/Fina francese, vedi: 
http://www.hrw.org/reports/2003/sudan1103/
Recentemente, invece, gli USA hanno lanciato un programma per formare le 
FFAA africane per operazioni del genere, vedi: 
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A22637-2004Apr18.html
Ciao
Ale