Newsgroup: it.politica.internazionale
Titolo: Pashtunwali

#_Chissa`se a otto anni e piu`di distanza nessuno si e`presa la briga di 
capire i principî di questo splendido popolo?
In cio`che segue si identifica un Pashtun!
1.Melmastia (hospitality) - Showing hospitality and profound respect to 
all visitors, regardless of distinctions of race, religion, national 
affiliation as well as economic status and doing so without any hope of 
remuneration or favour. Pashtuns are widely considered to be the most 
hospitable people in the world and a Pashtun will go to great extents to 
show his hospitality.
2.Nanawatai (asylum) - Derived from the verb meaning to go in, this is 
used for protection given to a person who requests protection against 
his/her enemies. The people are protected at all costs, in many cases 
even people running from the law must be given refuge until the 
situation is clarified. It can also be used when the vanquished party is 
prepared to go in to the house of the victors and ask for their 
forgiveness. (Is a peculiar form of "chivalrous" surrender, in which an 
enemy seeks "sanctuary" at his enemy's house). A more famous example of 
this code is of Navy Petty Officer First Class (PO1) Marcus Luttrell, 
the sole surviving member of a US Navy SEAL team that was ambushed by 
Taliban fighters. PO1 Luttrell evaded the enemy for days before 
stumbling upon members of the Sabray tribe who realized the wounded SEAL 
needed assistance. He was taken to the village and protected by the 
tribal chief, who even sent word to nearby US forces of PO1 Luttrell's 
location.
3.Badal (justice) - To seek justice or take revenge against the wrong 
doer. This applies to injustices committed yesterday or 1000 years ago 
if the wrongdoer still exists. Justice in Pashtun lore needs 
elaborating: even a mere taunt (or "Paighor") is regarded as an insult - 
which can only usually be redressed by shedding of the taunter's blood 
(and if he isn't available, then his next closest male relation). This 
in turn leads to a blood feud that can last generations and involve 
whole tribes with the loss of hundreds of lives. Normally blood feuds in 
this all male dominated setup are then settled in a number of ways.
4.Tureh (bravery) - A Pashtun must defend his land/property from 
incursions wherever he or she might reside.
5.Sabat (loyalty) - Loyalty must be paid to one's family, friends, and 
tribe members, is upheld.
6.Imandari (rightousness) - A Pashtun must always strive towards 
thinking good thoughts, speaking good words and doing other good deeds. 
Pashtuns must behave respectfully towards all creations including 
people, animals and the environment around them. Pollution of the 
environment or its destruction is against the Pashtunwali.
7.Isteqamat - Trust in God (known as "Allah" in Arabic and "Khudai" in 
Pashto). The notion of trusting in the one creator generally comports to 
Islamic idea of belief in only one god (tawheed).
8.Ghayrat (self honour or dignity) - Pashtuns must maintain their human 
dignity. Honour has great importance in Pashtun society and most other 
codes of life are aimed towards the preservation of one's honour or 
pride. They must respect themselves and others in order to be able to do 
so, especially those they do not know. Respect begins at home, among 
family members and relatives.
9.Namus (Honor of women) - A Pushtun must defend the honor of Pashtun 
women at
all costs and must protect them from vocal and physical harm

 people, animals
10. Vegetarianismo.


#_Per lo piu`, ma non in assoluto.