Newsgroup: it.politica.internazionale
Titolo: TPP trade deal: seven things you need to know

http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/df9ce46c-6aea-11e5-8171-ba1968cf791a.html#axzz3nlnP7Gua
 
 
TPP trade deal: seven things you need to know
 
Shawn Donnan in Atlanta
 
The US, Japan and 10 other Pacific Rim economies, representing some 40 
per cent of the global economy, reached an agreement on Monday on what 
is the biggest trade deal signed anywhere in two decades.
Here are seven things worth knowing about the Trans-Pacific Partnership.
 
1. The TPP is as much about geopolitics as it is about trade.
Often called the “economic backbone” of US President Barack Obama’s 
“pivot” to Asia, the goal for the US and Japan is to get ahead of China, 
which is not included in the TPP, and to create an economic zone in the 
Pacific Rim that might balance Beijing’s economic heft in the region. It 
is also about writing the rules of the 21st-century global economy for 
everything from cross-border data flows to how state-owned enterprises 
are allowed to compete internationally.
“We can promote growth through trade that meets a higher standard,” Mr 
Obama told the UN General Assembly last week. “And that’s what we’re 
doing through the Trans-Pacific Partnership — a trade agreement that 
encompasses nearly 40 per cent of the global economy; an agreement that 
will open markets while protecting the rights of workers and protecting 
the environment that enables development to be sustained.”
2. China is not in it. But it may be some day.
While the TPP has in the past been discussed as a US-led move to contain 
China, the view in Washington has softened in recent years. China has 
said it is watching the development of the TPP carefully and is engaged 
in its own rival trade negotiations. Many in the US business community 
feel the real promise of the TPP lies in opening it up to other 
countries to join, particularly China.
The current members are Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, Japan, 
Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Peru, Singapore, the US and Vietnam. But 
already lined up to potentially accede are Asian economies such as South 
Korea, Taiwan and the Philippines, and Latin American ones like Colombia.
3. Embedded in the TPP is a free-trade deal between two of the world’s 
three largest economies.
Japan and the US have never before sealed a bilateral trade agreement. 
But when Japan joined the TPP negotiations in 2013 it prompted separate 
talks over everything from the trade in cars to that in beef, rice and pork.
The result would be a de-facto trade agreement between two of the 
world’s three largest single-country economies that would likely, over 
time, see barriers to trade fall between the two countries.
It would also be likely to further integrate Japan’s economy and supply 
chains with those in North America. One of the final bones of contention 
has been over the local-content rules for automobiles and car parts. It 
pits parts makers in Canada and Mexico, which thrived under the now 
20-year-old North American Free Trade Agreement, against Japanese 
carmakers, which despite a significant presence in North America still 
have supply chains that stretch into non-TPP countries such as China and 
Thailand.
4. This should be a pivotal deal for Shinzo Abe, Japan’s prime minister.
To try and secure the TPP Mr Abe was forced to take on some powerful 
political players in Japanese politics, including the agriculture lobby. 
But he has argued again and again that it should help Japan undertake 
much-needed structural reforms that would boost the economy’s growth 
potential.
That is certainly something he needs. Japan’s gross domestic product 
contracted at an annualised rate of 1.2 per cent in the second quarter 
of this year and data suggest the third quarter will not be much better, 
slipping Japan into a technical recession.
5. The TPP is controversial in many of its member countries.
In the Canadian election campaign now under way the TPP negotiations 
have provided one of the main points of economic debate. That matters. 
The race is now in a three-way statistical dead heat with Tom Mulcair, 
the head of the New Democratic Party, vowing to walk away from the TPP 
if his party wins on October 19.
“The NDP, when we form government on October 19, will not be bound by 
this secret agreement that [prime minister Stephen] Harper has been 
negotiating,” he said.
But Canada is far from the only place where the TPP is provoking 
controversy.
In the US, Australia and other countries opponents have seized on a 
provision that would allow foreign corporations to challenge decisions 
by governments before international arbitration panels. In Australia the 
issue is particularly sensitive since tobacco giant Philip Morris has 
mounted a case against the government there via an obscure Hong Kong 
investment treaty over Canberra’s introduction of plain packaging.
The US has agreed to carve tobacco and regulations related to public 
health out of the TPP’s investment dispute system. But that is not the 
only controversy.
6. The TPP is only flirting with the issue of currency manipulation . . .
Among the issues that have generated the most controversy in the US is 
that of currencies and the question of competitive devaluations.
With a wary eye on a weak yen and competition from Toyota and others, 
the US automobile industry and its supporters in Congress have been 
pushing for the TPP to include an enforceable ban on currency manipulation.
And now the other TPP battles begin
U.S. President Barack Obama
The US, Japan and Vietnam all face challenges
Read more
That is not likely to happen as a formal part of the TPP. But according 
to people close to the discussions finance ministers and central bank 
governors from the TPP countries have agreed to a parallel agreement 
that would commit them not to engage in competitive devaluations to 
benefit their own exporters.
All are members of the IMF and many belong to the G20, each of which 
have their own rules on currency manipulation. But people close to the 
discussions insist these will be at a higher standard and include 
provisions for separate and regular consultations.
None of the TPP countries, however, are willing to make those 
commitments enforceable via trade sanctions, one of the key demands of 
the auto industry and its supporters.
7. The TPP stands to break new ground on environmental and labour 
standards for trade agreements.
Since 2007, the US has been required to include discussions of 
environmental and labour standards in its trade negotiations. But the 
TPP would for the first time make those commitments enforceable and 
potentially subject to trade sanctions if they are not met.
Many environmental activists remain sceptical, but the US insists that 
the TPP would help reduce trafficking in endangered species and tackle 
other problems such as overfishing in the TPP countries. If countries do 
not abide by their commitments Washington would use the agreement to 
call them on it.
New labour provisions in the TPP also would force big changes in 
practices in countries such as Malaysia and Vietnam.
In order to participate those countries would have to prove they are 
abiding by International Labour Organisation standards.
TPP countries would be required to have minimum wages. They also would 
have to enforce bans on practices that now result in forced labour such 
as employers holding migrant workers’ passports and charging special 
recruitment fees that can leave workers in immediate debt. In Vietnam, 
the government would have to allow greater freedom for workers to 
unionise and allow the creation of a rival to its single current trade 
union federation.
 
-- 
Namib
---
Cesó todo, y déjeme (Juan de la Cruz)
 
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Il giorno martedì 6 ottobre 2015 09:23:13 UTC+2, Namib ha scritto:
 
 
Hahahahaha::::: Il link non bastava?
Da buon ebreo hai copiato l'articolo perche é gratuito, se lo dovevi pagare .....
 
Namib, non ci hai detto se  hai contato quanti Abrams M1 americani da 12 millioni di $ distrutti da un RPG da 200$, la differenza é che l'RPG é russa. Io mi sono fermato a 400. 
Ottima performance per il migior carroarmato del mondo dell'armata brancaleone... 
Hahahahahahahaha !! 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8q_dnTVFIL0&feature=player_Embedded
 
 
 
Hai notizie dell'USS Donald Cook che i russi hanno fatto scappare nel mar nero dopo che gli hanno distrutto tutti i sistemi elettroni piu avanzati degli americani? 
Se sai qualcosa fallo sapere... hahahaha!!! 
 
Ci potreti dire sove sono scappate le navi americane, inglesi, francesi nel mediterraneo quando Poutine a fatto sapere che il gioco era finito? 
Se hai notizie non esitare.... Hahahahaha!! 
 
Giorgia, guerra vinta dai russi in 5 girni, crimea presa senza tirare un solo colpo di fucile, Siria la piu recente bastonata presa dai militari americani e occidentali dai Russi. 
QWuante bastonate si sono presi dai russi. I russi hanno avuto un grande vantaggio sono tutti paesi sostenuti e addestrati dagli americani. hahahahaha!!
 
Adesso tutti vanno a Mosca dove prima andavano a NY da Obama. 
L'ultima catastrofe politica e umiliante degli occidentali é venuta quando Obama ha supplicato Poutine per avere una riunione durante la sessione annuale dell'ONU.