Newsgroup: it.salute.alimentazione
Titolo: comparazione diete/riduzione rischio cv

http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/abstract/293/1/43
l'ennesimo, tanto x cambiare l'importante e` farne una
;)

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Vediamo...
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Comparison of the Atkins, Ornish, Weight Watchers, and Zone Diets for
Weight Loss and Heart Disease Risk Reduction
A Randomized Trial
Michael L. Dansinger, MD; Joi Augustin Gleason, MS, RD; John L. Griffith,
PhD; Harry P. Selker, MD, MSPH; Ernst J. Schaefer, MD
JAMA. 2005;293:43-53.
Context  The scarcity of data addressing the health effects of popular
diets is an important public health concern, especially since patients and
physicians are interested in using popular diets as individualized eating
strategies for disease prevention.
Objective  To assess adherence rates and the effectiveness of 4 popular
diets (Atkins, Zone, Weight Watchers, and Ornish) for weight loss and
cardiac risk factor reduction.
Design, Setting, and Participants  A single-center randomized trial at an
academic medical center in Boston, Mass, of overweight or obese (body mass
index: mean, 35; range, 27-42) adults aged 22 to 72 years with known
hypertension, dyslipidemia, or fasting hyperglycemia. Participants were
enrolled starting July 18, 2000, and randomized to 4 popular diet groups
until January 24, 2002.
Intervention  A total of 160 participants were randomly assigned to either
Atkins (carbohydrate restriction, n=40), Zone (macronutrient balance,
n=40), Weight Watchers (calorie restriction, n=40), or Ornish (fat
restriction, n=40) diet groups. After 2 months of maximum effort,
participants selected their own levels of dietary adherence.
Main Outcome Measures  One-year changes in baseline weight and cardiac risk
factors, and self-selected dietary adherence rates per self-report.
Results  Assuming no change from baseline for participants who discontinued
the study, mean (SD) weight loss at 1 year was 2.1 (4.8) kg for Atkins (21
[53%] of 40 participants completed, P = .009), 3.2 (6.0) kg for Zone (26
[65%] of 40 completed, P = .002), 3.0 (4.9) kg for Weight Watchers (26
[65%] of 40 completed, P < .001), and 3.3 (7.3) kg for Ornish (20 [50%] of
40 completed, P = .007). Greater effects were observed in study completers.
Each diet significantly reduced the low-density lipoprotein/high-density
lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ratio by approximately 10% (all P<.05), with
no significant effects on blood pressure or glucose at 1 year. Amount of
weight loss was associated with self-reported dietary adherence level (r =
0.60; P<.001) but not with diet type (r = 0.07; P = .40). For each diet,
decreasing levels of total/HDL cholesterol, C-reactive protein, and insulin
were significantly associated with weight loss (mean r = 0.36, 0.37, and
0.39, respectively) with no significant difference between diets (P = .48,
P = .57, P = .31, respectively).
Conclusions  Each popular diet modestly reduced body weight and several
cardiac risk factors at 1 year. Overall dietary adherence rates were low,
although increased adherence was associated with greater weight loss and
cardiac risk factor reductions for each diet group.
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La dieta "low-fat", dunque, è quella che ha fatto perdere più peso dopo un
anno (7,3 Kg), seguita a ruota dalla Zona (6), da Weight Watchers (4,9) e
dalla Atkins (4,8). Ma le differenze di risultati tra le varie diete non
sono molto rilevanti, a quanto capisco, mentre conta soprattutto
l'attenzione che si mette nell'alimentazione [e forse anche nell'attività
fisica, I suppose... anche se nel riassunto della ricerca non ne parlano].. 
Inoltre, capisco, il colesterolo "cattivo" scende quando si cala di peso...
praticamente a prescindere dalla dieta, purché appunto si perda ciccia :) 
-- 

 praticamente a prescindere dalla dieta, purché appunto si perda ciccia :)
Quello e' il succo, a parte le chiacchiere! =)
Come il colesterolo, anche il diabete non insulino dipendente migliora con 
una dieta ipocalorica.